Datasets:

eduzrh
/

STEM

Error code:   StreamingRowsError
Exception:    CastError
Message:      Couldn't cast
pair: string
num_matches: int64
matches: list<item: struct<id_1: string, id_2: string, distance: double, area_ratio: double, height_ratio: do (... 26 chars omitted)
  child 0, item: struct<id_1: string, id_2: string, distance: double, area_ratio: double, height_ratio: double, confi (... 14 chars omitted)
      child 0, id_1: string
      child 1, id_2: string
      child 2, distance: double
      child 3, area_ratio: double
      child 4, height_ratio: double
      child 5, confidence: string
synthetic_example: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string>
  child 0, cands_path: string
  child 1, index_path: string
  child 2, roads_path: string
  child 3, general_file_name: string
Lyon_CT_12_15: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
  child 0, cands_path: string
  child 1, index_path: string
  child 2, roads_path: string
  child 3, general_file_name: string
  child 4, object_dict_path: string
Hague: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
  child 0, cands_path: string
  child 1, index_path: string
  child 2, roads_path: string
  child 3, general_file_name: string
  child 4, object_dict_path: string
Lyon_CT: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
  child 0, cands_path: string
  c
...
path: string
gpkg: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
  child 0, cands_path: string
  child 1, index_path: string
  child 2, roads_path: string
  child 3, general_file_name: string
  child 4, object_dict_path: string
delivery3: struct<index_path: string, cands_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
  child 0, index_path: string
  child 1, cands_path: string
  child 2, roads_path: string
  child 3, general_file_name: string
  child 4, object_dict_path: string
Lyon_CT_Full: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
  child 0, cands_path: string
  child 1, index_path: string
  child 2, roads_path: string
  child 3, general_file_name: string
  child 4, object_dict_path: string
bo_em: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
  child 0, cands_path: string
  child 1, index_path: string
  child 2, roads_path: string
  child 3, general_file_name: string
  child 4, object_dict_path: string
Lyon_CT_09_15: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
  child 0, cands_path: string
  child 1, index_path: string
  child 2, roads_path: string
  child 3, general_file_name: string
  child 4, object_dict_path: string
to
{'bo_em': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'gpkg': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'delivery3': {'index_path': Value('string'), 'cands_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'Hague': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'synthetic_example': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string')}, 'Lyon_CT': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'Lyon_CT_09_15': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'Lyon_CT_12_15': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'Lyon_CT_Full': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}}
because column names don't match
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 147, in get_rows_or_raise
                  return get_rows(
                      dataset=dataset,
                  ...<4 lines>...
                      column_names=column_names,
                  )
                File "/src/libs/libcommon/src/libcommon/utils.py", line 272, in decorator
                  return func(*args, **kwargs)
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 127, in get_rows
                  rows_plus_one = list(itertools.islice(safe_iter(ds, dataset=dataset), rows_max_number + 1))
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 478, in safe_iter
                  yield from ds.decode(False) if ds.features else ds
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2818, in __iter__
                  for key, example in ex_iterable:
                                      ^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2355, in __iter__
                  for key, pa_table in self._iter_arrow():
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2380, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow():
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 536, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in iterator:
                                       ^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 419, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 343, in _generate_tables
                  self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
                  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 132, in _cast_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2369, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2297, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
                  ...<3 lines>...
                  )
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              pair: string
              num_matches: int64
              matches: list<item: struct<id_1: string, id_2: string, distance: double, area_ratio: double, height_ratio: do (... 26 chars omitted)
                child 0, item: struct<id_1: string, id_2: string, distance: double, area_ratio: double, height_ratio: double, confi (... 14 chars omitted)
                    child 0, id_1: string
                    child 1, id_2: string
                    child 2, distance: double
                    child 3, area_ratio: double
                    child 4, height_ratio: double
                    child 5, confidence: string
              synthetic_example: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string>
                child 0, cands_path: string
                child 1, index_path: string
                child 2, roads_path: string
                child 3, general_file_name: string
              Lyon_CT_12_15: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
                child 0, cands_path: string
                child 1, index_path: string
                child 2, roads_path: string
                child 3, general_file_name: string
                child 4, object_dict_path: string
              Hague: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
                child 0, cands_path: string
                child 1, index_path: string
                child 2, roads_path: string
                child 3, general_file_name: string
                child 4, object_dict_path: string
              Lyon_CT: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
                child 0, cands_path: string
                c
              ...
              path: string
              gpkg: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
                child 0, cands_path: string
                child 1, index_path: string
                child 2, roads_path: string
                child 3, general_file_name: string
                child 4, object_dict_path: string
              delivery3: struct<index_path: string, cands_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
                child 0, index_path: string
                child 1, cands_path: string
                child 2, roads_path: string
                child 3, general_file_name: string
                child 4, object_dict_path: string
              Lyon_CT_Full: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
                child 0, cands_path: string
                child 1, index_path: string
                child 2, roads_path: string
                child 3, general_file_name: string
                child 4, object_dict_path: string
              bo_em: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
                child 0, cands_path: string
                child 1, index_path: string
                child 2, roads_path: string
                child 3, general_file_name: string
                child 4, object_dict_path: string
              Lyon_CT_09_15: struct<cands_path: string, index_path: string, roads_path: string, general_file_name: string, object (... 19 chars omitted)
                child 0, cands_path: string
                child 1, index_path: string
                child 2, roads_path: string
                child 3, general_file_name: string
                child 4, object_dict_path: string
              to
              {'bo_em': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'gpkg': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'delivery3': {'index_path': Value('string'), 'cands_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'Hague': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'synthetic_example': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string')}, 'Lyon_CT': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'Lyon_CT_09_15': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'Lyon_CT_12_15': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}, 'Lyon_CT_Full': {'cands_path': Value('string'), 'index_path': Value('string'), 'roads_path': Value('string'), 'general_file_name': Value('string'), 'object_dict_path': Value('string')}}
              because column names don't match

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STEM: Spatio-Temporal 3D Entity Matching Benchmark

The first spatio-temporal 3D entity matching benchmark for evaluating matching algorithms on 3D building objects across both different data sources and different time points. Designed for both unsupervised and few-shot entity matching.

Overview

Traditional entity matching operates on tabular records. But real-world geospatial entities — buildings, bridges, infrastructure — are inherently 3D objects. STEM enables rigorous evaluation of 3D entity matching under:

Cross-source scenarios (different data providers, LOD levels)
Cross-time scenarios (multi-epoch building inventories)
Post-disaster scenarios (CRS misalignment + structural damage)

Quick Start

# Clone the repo
git clone https://huggingface.co/datasets/eduzrh/STEM
cd STEM

# Install dependencies
pip install -r code/3dSAGER/requirements.txt

# Run baseline experiment
cd code/3dSAGER
python main.py --dataset_name Hague --evaluation_mode matching --blocking_method bkafi

Benchmark Tasks

Task	Description	Difficulty
Task 1: Cross-Source	Match buildings across different data providers (same epoch)	Medium
Task 2: Cross-Time	Match buildings across different time points (same provider)	Hard
Task 3: Full ST-EM	Match across both source AND time + disaster simulation	Very Hard

Datasets

Dataset	Buildings	Epochs	Format	Status
The Hague (3D BAG)	155,699	1 (2 sources)	CityJSON	✅ Integrated
Lyon Multi-Epoch	~150K/epoch	4 (2009-2018)	CityGML	🔄 In Progress

Baseline Results (The Hague, small subset)

Model	Precision	Recall	F1
XGBoost	0.997	1.0	0.998
Random Forest	0.997	1.0	0.998
AdaBoost	0.991	1.0	0.995
MLP	0.958	0.979	0.968

With disaster simulation (CRS rotation 184° + damage 80%) and RANSAC alignment (rotation error 0.03°)

Repository Structure

STEM/
├── README.md
├── docs/
│   └── STEM_benchmark_specification.md    # Full benchmark specification
├── code/
│   └── 3dSAGER/                            # Core pipeline adapted for STEM
│       ├── main.py
│       ├── pipelines.py
│       ├── disaster_simulation.py
│       ├── alignment.py
│       └── config.py
├── data/
│   └── hague/                              # The Hague baseline data
├── experiments/
│   ├── results/                            # Experiment outputs & logs
│   ├── run_full_pipeline.sh
│   └── run_experiments.sh
└── .gitattributes

Citation

@misc{stem2026,
  title={STEM: A Spatio-Temporal 3D Entity Matching Benchmark},
  author={Edu, ZRH},
  year={2026},
  publisher={HuggingFace},
  howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/eduzrh/STEM}}
}

License

MIT License — see LICENSE file for details.

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Total file size:

3.49 MB