text: Among the protein-binding regions of the HIV-1 LTR is the transcription-enhancer region.

text: Among

text: the

text: protein-binding

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: LTR

text: is

text: the

text: transcription-enhancer

text: region.


text: Both inhibitors inhibited monocyte chemotactic activity in the culture supernatant of P-LPS-treated cells.

text: Both

text: inhibitors

text: inhibited

text: monocyte

text: chemotactic

text: activity

text: in

text: the

text: culture

text: supernatant

text: of

text: P-LPS-treated

text: cells.


text: Little was known, however, about the specific role of the roX RNAs during the formation of the DCC.

text: Little

text: was

text: known,

text: however,

text: about

text: the

text: specific

text: role

text: of

text: the

text: roX

text: RNAs

text: during

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: DCC.


text: The son of the unaffected twin sister was shown to be hemizygous.

text: The

text: son

text: of

text: the

text: unaffected

text: twin

text: sister

text: was

text: shown

text: to

text: be

text: hemizygous.


text: Distinct patterns of chromosome 1 abnormalities were found among the histologic types of breast carcinoma.

text: Distinct

text: patterns

text: of

text: chromosome

text: abnormalities

text: were

text: found

text: among

text: the

text: histologic

text: types

text: of

text: breast

text: carcinoma.


text: We examined chemokine gene expression following the differentiation of a monocyte, macrophage cell lineage.

text: We

text: examined

text: chemokine

text: gene

text: expression

text: following

text: the

text: differentiation

text: of

text: a

text: monocyte,

text: macrophage

text: cell

text: lineage.


text: The transcription factor HIV-TF1, which binds to a region about 60 bp upstream from the enhancer of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), was purified from human B cells.

text: The

text: transcription

text: factor

text: which

text: binds

text: to

text: a

text: region

text: about

text: bp

text: upstream

text: from

text: the

text: enhancer

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: immunodeficiency

text: was

text: purified

text: from

text: human

text: B

text: cells.


text: Analysis of CD40 cytoplasmic domain truncation and point mutants defined a 10-amino acid CD40 cytoplasmic signaling determinant required for NF-kappa B activation.

text: Analysis

text: of

text: cytoplasmic

text: domain

text: truncation

text: and

text: point

text: mutants

text: defined

text: a

text: acid

text: cytoplasmic

text: signaling

text: determinant

text: required

text: for

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: activation.


text: cDNA cloning of a NGFI-B/nur77-related transcription factor from an apoptotic human T cell line.

text: cDNA

text: cloning

text: of

text: a

text: transcription

text: factor

text: from

text: an

text: apoptotic

text: human

text: T

text: cell

text: line.


text: Together, the data demonstrate the ability of the vasoactive peptide ANG II to activate inflammatory pathways in human monocytes.

text: Together,

text: the

text: data

text: demonstrate

text: the

text: ability

text: of

text: the

text: vasoactive

text: peptide

text: ANG

text: II

text: to

text: activate

text: inflammatory

text: pathways

text: in

text: human

text: monocytes.


text: A well-preserved 4132-bp Transib1_SP element (contig 7839, positions 376–4506) is flanked by a 5-bp CGGCG TSD, and it encodes a 676-aa TPase (two exons) that is most similar to the Transib2 TPase (34% identity).

text: A

text: well-preserved

text: element

text: (contig

text: positions

text: is

text: flanked

text: by

text: a

text: CGGCG

text: TSD,

text: and

text: it

text: encodes

text: a

text: TPase

text: (two

text: exons)

text: that

text: is

text: most

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: TPase

text: identity).


text: The primary RNA transcript of the gene is subject to alternative splicing to yield different variants which can either activate or repress gene expression.

text: The

text: primary

text: RNA

text: transcript

text: of

text: the

text: gene

text: is

text: subject

text: to

text: alternative

text: splicing

text: to

text: yield

text: different

text: variants

text: which

text: can

text: either

text: activate

text: or

text: repress

text: gene

text: expression.


text: Induction of Cepsilon germline transcripts by IL-4 in B cells that lack the gammac chain may involve signaling via the IL-13R .

label: CUE

label: SCOPE

text: Induction

text: of

text: Cepsilon

text: germline

text: transcripts

text: by

text: in

text: B

text: cells

text: that

text: lack

text: the

text: gammac

text: chain

text: may

text: involve

text: signaling

text: via

text: the


text: Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that all seven EBV-positive tumour tissues constitutively expressed EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) 1 mRNA, but not EBNA2 mRNA .

text: Reverse

text: transcription-PCR

text: analysis

text: showed

text: that

text: all

text: seven

text: EBV-positive

text: tumour

text: tissues

text: constitutively

text: expressed

text: EBV

text: nuclear

text: antigen

text: (EBNA)

text: mRNA,

text: but

text: not

text: mRNA


text: It should be noted that the degree distribution per node is not maintained .

text: It

text: should

text: be

text: noted

text: that

text: the

text: degree

text: distribution

text: per

text: node

text: is

text: not

text: maintained


text: In the case were both orientations of the motif are considered, this number is adjusted to account for palindromes.

text: In

text: the

text: case

text: were

text: both

text: orientations

text: of

text: the

text: motif

text: are

text: considered,

text: this

text: number

text: is

text: adjusted

text: to

text: account

text: for

text: palindromes.


text: To achieve that, we combined protein sequences of the seven known Transib TPases with the set of all GenBank proteins.

text: To

text: achieve

text: that,

text: we

text: combined

text: protein

text: sequences

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: known

text: Transib

text: TPases

text: with

text: the

text: set

text: of

text: all

text: GenBank

text: proteins.


text: In the control group, dexamethasone produced a significant depression of Type I receptors (from 267 ± 72 to 169 ± 71 receptors per cell) , which can be interpreted as a primary involvement of Type I receptors in the response to dexamethasone;

text: In

text: the

text: control

text: group,

text: dexamethasone

text: produced

text: a

text: significant

text: depression

text: of

text: Type

text: I

text: receptors

text: (from

text: to

text: receptors

text: per

text: cell)

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: interpreted

text: as

text: a

text: primary

text: involvement

text: of

text: Type

text: I

text: receptors

text: in

text: the

text: response

text: to

text: dexamethasone;


text: Selective activation of STAT5 homologues in addition to generation of lower molecular isoforms may provide specificity and control to genes expressed in response to cytokines such as GM-CSF .

text: Selective

text: activation

text: of

text: homologues

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: generation

text: of

text: lower

text: molecular

text: isoforms

text: may

text: provide

text: specificity

text: and

text: control

text: to

text: genes

text: expressed

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: cytokines

text: such

text: as

text: GM-CSF


text: Constitutive activation of NF-kB in human thymocytes.

text: Constitutive

text: activation

text: of

text: NF-kB

text: in

text: human

text: thymocytes.


text: By using run-on assays, ACLA was shown to induce an enhancement of the transcription of erythroid genes, including gamma-globin, PBGD, erythropoietin receptor, and GATA-1 transcription factor.

text: By

text: using

text: run-on

text: assays,

text: ACLA

text: was

text: shown

text: to

text: induce

text: an

text: enhancement

text: of

text: the

text: transcription

text: of

text: erythroid

text: genes,

text: including

text: gamma-globin,

text: PBGD,

text: erythropoietin

text: receptor,

text: and

text: transcription

text: factor.


text: Our finding that Vpr can regulate NF-kappa B supports the hypothesis that some aspects of viral pathogenesis are the consequence of cell dysregulation by Vpr .

text: Our

text: finding

text: that

text: Vpr

text: can

text: regulate

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: supports

text: the

text: hypothesis

text: that

text: some

text: aspects

text: of

text: viral

text: pathogenesis

text: are

text: the

text: consequence

text: of

text: cell

text: dysregulation

text: by

text: Vpr


text: Phosphorylation of TRAF2 inhibits binding to the CD40 cytoplasmic domain.

text: Phosphorylation

text: of

text: inhibits

text: binding

text: to

text: the

text: cytoplasmic

text: domain.


text: The signaling events that link FGF receptor-1 engagement and NF-kappaB activation in Jurkat are probably distinct from the CD28 costimulation pathway , since FGF-1-induced Rel/kappaB binding proteins do not contain significant levels of c-Rel and are not identical with the CD28 response complex .

text: The

text: signaling

text: events

text: that

text: link

text: FGF

text: engagement

text: and

text: NF-kappaB

text: activation

text: in

text: Jurkat

text: are

text: probably

text: distinct

text: from

text: the

text: costimulation

text: pathway

text: since

text: Rel/kappaB

text: binding

text: proteins

text: do

text: not

text: contain

text: significant

text: levels

text: of

text: c-Rel

text: and

text: are

text: not

text: identical

text: with

text: the

text: response

text: complex


text: alteration of the sequence at threonine 78 such that it resembles that of c-erb A can act as an intragenic suppressor and can partially restore function to a v-erb A protein rendered defective due to a mutation at position 61.

text: alteration

text: of

text: the

text: sequence

text: at

text: threonine

text: such

text: that

text: it

text: resembles

text: that

text: of

text: c-erb

text: A

text: can

text: act

text: as

text: an

text: intragenic

text: suppressor

text: and

text: can

text: partially

text: restore

text: function

text: to

text: a

text: v-erb

text: A

text: protein

text: rendered

text: defective

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: mutation

text: at

text: position


text: Potent gene regulatory and antiproliferative activities of 20-methyl analogues of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3.

text: Potent

text: gene

text: regulatory

text: and

text: antiproliferative

text: activities

text: of

text: analogues

text: of

text: dihydroxyvitamin


text: The two lines also expressed comparable levels of Epo-R mRNA while the number of Epo-binding sites on UT-7 Epo cells was one-sixth the number of UT-7 cells (2400 ± 3 vs.

text: The

text: two

text: lines

text: also

text: expressed

text: comparable

text: levels

text: of

text: Epo-R

text: mRNA

text: while

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: Epo-binding

text: sites

text: on

text: Epo

text: cells

text: was

text: one-sixth

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: cells

text: vs.


text: The reported correlation values are the average of the 150 experiments.

text: The

text: reported

text: correlation

text: values

text: are

text: the

text: average

text: of

text: the

text: experiments.


text: The EGR-1 promoter contains six CC(A/T)6GG (CArG) motifs.

text: The

text: promoter

text: contains

text: six

text: (CArG)

text: motifs.


text: These observations correlated with the modulation of NF-kappaB activity in EC.

text: These

text: observations

text: correlated

text: with

text: the

text: modulation

text: of

text: NF-kappaB

text: activity

text: in

text: EC.


text: Altered transcription of c-fos and c-myc genes was the primary effect of heat shock.

text: Altered

text: transcription

text: of

text: c-fos

text: and

text: c-myc

text: genes

text: was

text: the

text: primary

text: effect

text: of

text: heat

text: shock.


text: Two distinct molecules, NFATp and NFATc, have been reported to mediate NFAT activity.

text: Two

text: distinct

text: molecules,

text: NFATp

text: and

text: NFATc,

text: have

text: been

text: reported

text: to

text: mediate

text: NFAT

text: activity.


text: TCF-1 contained a single DNA-binding HMG box most closely related to similar boxes in the putative mammalian sex-determining gene SRY and in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Mc mating type gene.

text: contained

text: a

text: single

text: DNA-binding

text: HMG

text: box

text: most

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: similar

text: boxes

text: in

text: the

text: putative

text: mammalian

text: sex-determining

text: gene

text: SRY

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Schizosaccharomyces

text: pombe

text: Mc

text: mating

text: type

text: gene.


text: Forced expression of SOCS-1 in a macrophage cell line, RAW264, markedly suppressed trans-activation of an IL-4-inducible reporter as well as IL-6- and IFN-gamma-induced reporter gene activity.

text: Forced

text: expression

text: of

text: in

text: a

text: macrophage

text: cell

text: line,

text: markedly

text: suppressed

text: trans-activation

text: of

text: an

text: reporter

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: and

text: IFN-gamma-induced

text: reporter

text: gene

text: activity.


text: Another limitation is that antioxidant concentrations high enough to block NK-kappa B activation were shown to have a suppressive effect on immune functions in vitro, because NAC and BHA blocked IL-2-induced PBMC proliferation.

text: Another

text: limitation

text: is

text: that

text: antioxidant

text: concentrations

text: high

text: enough

text: to

text: block

text: NK-kappa

text: B

text: activation

text: were

text: shown

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: suppressive

text: effect

text: on

text: immune

text: functions

text: in

text: vitro,

text: because

text: NAC

text: and

text: BHA

text: blocked

text: PBMC

text: proliferation.


text: This is not surprising as the transfer of interacting orthologs (known as interologs 33) from one organism to another is a popular method to predict interactions (see for example 3448), particularly in the case of organisms like human for which only a small proportion of interactions are known.

text: This

text: is

text: not

text: surprising

text: as

text: the

text: transfer

text: of

text: interacting

text: orthologs

text: (known

text: as

text: interologs

text: from

text: one

text: organism

text: to

text: another

text: is

text: a

text: popular

text: method

text: to

text: predict

text: interactions

text: (see

text: for

text: example

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: organisms

text: like

text: human

text: for

text: which

text: only

text: a

text: small

text: proportion

text: of

text: interactions

text: are

text: known.


text: Hu and colleagues report that this method increased accuracy and proposed that their approach may prove effective when running different algorithms as well 4.

text: Hu

text: and

text: colleagues

text: report

text: that

text: this

text: method

text: increased

text: accuracy

text: and

text: proposed

text: that

text: their

text: approach

text: may

text: prove

text: effective

text: when

text: running

text: different

text: algorithms

text: as

text: well


text: These parameters were not modified by Nef expression in Jurkat cells , whereas stimulation with the same stimuli resulted in partial inhibition of LTR activation in Nef+ Jurkat cells.

text: These

text: parameters

text: were

text: not

text: modified

text: by

text: Nef

text: expression

text: in

text: Jurkat

text: cells

text: whereas

text: stimulation

text: with

text: the

text: same

text: stimuli

text: resulted

text: in

text: partial

text: inhibition

text: of

text: LTR

text: activation

text: in

text: Nef+

text: Jurkat

text: cells.


text: InterleUkin 2 expression requires several transcription factors of which nuclear translocation of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) and NFAT-mediated transactivation were impaired by BCL-2.

text: InterleUkin

text: expression

text: requires

text: several

text: transcription

text: factors

text: of

text: which

text: nuclear

text: translocation

text: of

text: NFAT

text: (nuclear

text: factor

text: of

text: activated

text: T

text: cells)

text: and

text: NFAT-mediated

text: transactivation

text: were

text: impaired

text: by


text: To characterize the role of these P-like elements and their binding factors in the native promoter, we did transient transfection and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA).

text: To

text: characterize

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: these

text: P-like

text: elements

text: and

text: their

text: binding

text: factors

text: in

text: the

text: native

text: promoter,

text: we

text: did

text: transient

text: transfection

text: and

text: electrophoretic

text: mobility

text: shift

text: assays

text: (EMSA).


text: Pairwise Pearson correlation for all modules

text: Pairwise

text: Pearson

text: correlation

text: for

text: all

text: modules


text: IL-4 activates gene expression by inducing tyrosine phosphorylation, homodimerization, and nuclear translocation of the latent transcription factor, STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-6).

text: activates

text: gene

text: expression

text: by

text: inducing

text: tyrosine

text: phosphorylation,

text: homodimerization,

text: and

text: nuclear

text: translocation

text: of

text: the

text: latent

text: transcription

text: factor,

text: (signal

text: transducer

text: and

text: activator

text: of


text: No rescue of the phenotype, including body shape of escaping pupae, was observed .

text: No

text: rescue

text: of

text: the

text: phenotype,

text: including

text: body

text: shape

text: of

text: escaping

text: pupae,

text: was

text: observed


text: Class 2 has been further subdivided into two groups: upstream or initiator caspases (group 1), and downstream or effector caspases (group 2).

text: Class

text: has

text: been

text: further

text: subdivided

text: into

text: two

text: groups:

text: upstream

text: or

text: initiator

text: caspases

text: (group

text: and

text: downstream

text: or

text: effector

text: caspases

text: (group


text: the extension of the end-labelled reverse primer adjacent to 3' end of CAG repeats stops at the first T after CAG repeats with the incorporation of dideoxy ATP in the reaction mixture.

text: the

text: extension

text: of

text: the

text: end-labelled

text: reverse

text: primer

text: adjacent

text: to

text: end

text: of

text: CAG

text: repeats

text: stops

text: at

text: the

text: first

text: T

text: after

text: CAG

text: repeats

text: with

text: the

text: incorporation

text: of

text: dideoxy

text: ATP

text: in

text: the

text: reaction

text: mixture.


text: In addition to NB4 cells, ATRA also activated IRF-1 gene expression in HL-60, U937, and THP-1 cells, which all respond to ATRA by growth inhibition.

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: cells,

text: ATRA

text: also

text: activated

text: gene

text: expression

text: in

text: and

text: cells,

text: which

text: all

text: respond

text: to

text: ATRA

text: by

text: growth

text: inhibition.


text: These results suggest that phosphorylation at one or both of these residues is critical for activation of NF-kappa B .

text: These

text: results

text: suggest

text: that

text: phosphorylation

text: at

text: one

text: or

text: both

text: of

text: these

text: residues

text: is

text: critical

text: for

text: activation

text: of

text: NF-kappa

text: B


text: The ERP protein contains a region of high homology with the ETS DNA-binding domain common to all members of the ets transcription factor/oncoprotein family.

text: The

text: ERP

text: protein

text: contains

text: a

text: region

text: of

text: high

text: homology

text: with

text: the

text: ETS

text: DNA-binding

text: domain

text: common

text: to

text: all

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: ets

text: transcription

text: factor/oncoprotein

text: family.


text: In contrast, Egr-1 expression is abrogated in group I Burkitt tumor cells, irrespective of the EBV genome carrying status.

text: In

text: contrast,

text: expression

text: is

text: abrogated

text: in

text: group

text: I

text: Burkitt

text: tumor

text: cells,

text: irrespective

text: of

text: the

text: EBV

text: genome

text: carrying

text: status.


text: Concanavalin A-activated cycling T cell blasts from mice that are transgenic for the dominant IkappaB molecule have increased sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis, associated with a down-regulation of NF-kappaB complexes in the nucleus.

text: Concanavalin

text: A-activated

text: cycling

text: T

text: cell

text: blasts

text: from

text: mice

text: that

text: are

text: transgenic

text: for

text: the

text: dominant

text: IkappaB

text: molecule

text: have

text: increased

text: sensitivity

text: to

text: Fas-mediated

text: apoptosis,

text: associated

text: with

text: a

text: down-regulation

text: of

text: NF-kappaB

text: complexes

text: in

text: the

text: nucleus.


text: Sp1 is a critical factor for the monocytic specific expression of human CD14.

text: is

text: a

text: critical

text: factor

text: for

text: the

text: monocytic

text: specific

text: expression

text: of

text: human


text: The mechanism(s) of action of GCH is under investigation, but is has been noted that they exert immune activity via the genomic pathway.

text: The

text: mechanism(s)

text: of

text: action

text: of

text: GCH

text: is

text: under

text: investigation,

text: but

text: is

text: has

text: been

text: noted

text: that

text: they

text: exert

text: immune

text: activity

text: via

text: the

text: genomic

text: pathway.


text: TPO induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the TPO receptor but not the erythropoietin (EPO) receptor .

text: TPO

text: induced

text: tyrosine

text: phosphorylation

text: of

text: the

text: TPO

text: receptor

text: but

text: not

text: the

text: erythropoietin

text: (EPO)

text: receptor


text: Primary structure analysis showed that the encoded protein contains three tandem zinc-finger sequences of the type Cys2-Xaa12-His2.

text: Primary

text: structure

text: analysis

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: encoded

text: protein

text: contains

text: three

text: tandem

text: zinc-finger

text: sequences

text: of

text: the

text: type


text: In contrast to its transient pattern of nuclear induction during an immune response, NF-kappaB is constitutively activated in cells expressing the Tax transforming protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1).

text: In

text: contrast

text: to

text: its

text: transient

text: pattern

text: of

text: nuclear

text: induction

text: during

text: an

text: immune

text: response,

text: NF-kappaB

text: is

text: constitutively

text: activated

text: in

text: cells

text: expressing

text: the

text: Tax

text: transforming

text: protein

text: of

text: human

text: T-cell

text: leukemia

text: virus

text: type

text: I


text: Ductal cells were obtained via random fine needle aspirations and cytologically classified.

text: Ductal

text: cells

text: were

text: obtained

text: via

text: random

text: fine

text: needle

text: aspirations

text: and

text: cytologically

text: classified.


text: These results demonstrate that Itk plays a role in IL-2 production, indicating a critical involvement of Itk in the initial stage of T cell activation by mediating signals from the TCR/CD3 complex, CD2, and CD28 .

text: These

text: results

text: demonstrate

text: that

text: Itk

text: plays

text: a

text: role

text: in

text: production,

text: indicating

text: a

text: critical

text: involvement

text: of

text: Itk

text: in

text: the

text: initial

text: stage

text: of

text: T

text: cell

text: activation

text: by

text: mediating

text: signals

text: from

text: the

text: complex,

text: and


text: A PMA responsive element was localized to a region between -95 and -36 bp relative to the transcription start site.

text: A

text: PMA

text: responsive

text: element

text: was

text: localized

text: to

text: a

text: region

text: between

text: and

text: bp

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: transcription

text: start

text: site.


text: Lymphocytes from the site of disease suggest adenovirus is one cause of persistent or recurrent inflammatory arthritis .

text: Lymphocytes

text: from

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: disease

text: suggest

text: adenovirus

text: is

text: one

text: cause

text: of

text: persistent

text: or

text: recurrent

text: inflammatory

text: arthritis


text: Differentiation of T-helper lymphocytes: selective regulation by members of the STAT family of transcription factors.

text: Differentiation

text: of

text: T-helper

text: lymphocytes:

text: selective

text: regulation

text: by

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: STAT

text: family

text: of

text: transcription

text: factors.


text: However, ADGF-A behaves as a soluble growth factor and could be released from the lymph gland to activate targets elsewhere in the larval body .

text: However,

text: ADGF-A

text: behaves

text: as

text: a

text: soluble

text: growth

text: factor

text: and

text: could

text: be

text: released

text: from

text: the

text: lymph

text: gland

text: to

text: activate

text: targets

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: the

text: larval

text: body


text: Thus, composite signaling by Ser and Dl leads to symmetric N activation in margin cells located along the D-V boundary [8,9,42,43].

text: Thus,

text: composite

text: signaling

text: by

text: Ser

text: and

text: Dl

text: leads

text: to

text: symmetric

text: N

text: activation

text: in

text: margin

text: cells

text: located

text: along

text: the

text: D-V

text: boundary


text: Interestingly, GATA-2 and GATA-3 proteins also localized to the same nuclear bodies in cell lines co-expressing GATA-1 and -2 or GATA-1 and -3 gene products.

text: Interestingly,

text: and

text: proteins

text: also

text: localized

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: nuclear

text: bodies

text: in

text: cell

text: lines

text: co-expressing

text: and

text: or

text: and

text: gene

text: products.


text: We demonstrate that cross-linking CD30 with an anti-CD30-specific monoclonal antibody, which mimics the described biological activities of the CD30 ligand (CD30L), results in HIV expression.

text: We

text: demonstrate

text: that

text: cross-linking

text: with

text: an

text: monoclonal

text: antibody,

text: which

text: mimics

text: the

text: described

text: biological

text: activities

text: of

text: the

text: ligand

text: results

text: in

text: HIV

text: expression.


text: The most prominent E2F activity in resting T cells (termed complex X) was abundant in both G0 and G1 but disappeared as cells entered S phase, suggesting a possible role in negatively regulating E2F function .

text: The

text: most

text: prominent

text: activity

text: in

text: resting

text: T

text: cells

text: (termed

text: complex

text: X)

text: was

text: abundant

text: in

text: both

text: and

text: but

text: disappeared

text: as

text: cells

text: entered

text: S

text: phase,

text: suggesting

text: a

text: possible

text: role

text: in

text: negatively

text: regulating

text: function


text: We have previously shown that protein kinase C (PKC) activation (with phorbol ester (PMA) alone) specifically induces differentiation of primary human CD34+ hemopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) to mature DC.

text: We

text: have

text: previously

text: shown

text: that

text: protein

text: kinase

text: C

text: (PKC)

text: activation

text: (with

text: phorbol

text: ester

text: (PMA)

text: alone)

text: specifically

text: induces

text: differentiation

text: of

text: primary

text: human

text: hemopoietic

text: progenitor

text: cells

text: (HPC)

text: to

text: mature

text: DC.


text: The slopes k of the H. sapiens and S. cerevisiae distributions are very similar (-1.53 and -1.60, respectively), while E. coli has a markedly smaller slope (-2.78).

text: The

text: slopes

text: k

text: of

text: the

text: H.

text: sapiens

text: and

text: S.

text: cerevisiae

text: distributions

text: are

text: very

text: similar

text: and

text: respectively),

text: while

text: E.

text: coli

text: has

text: a

text: markedly

text: smaller

text: slope


text: The PEBP2betaMYH11 fusion created by Inv(16)(p13;q22) in myeloid leukemia impairs neutrophil maturation and contributes to granulocytic dysplasia.

text: The

text: fusion

text: created

text: by

text: in

text: myeloid

text: leukemia

text: impairs

text: neutrophil

text: maturation

text: and

text: contributes

text: to

text: granulocytic

text: dysplasia.


text: As judged by supershifting the DNA-protein complexes with Abs recognizing specific components of the NF-kappa B/Rel protein family, the p50/p65 (Rel A) heterodimeric form of NF-kappa B is primarily affected.

text: As

text: judged

text: by

text: supershifting

text: the

text: DNA-protein

text: complexes

text: with

text: Abs

text: recognizing

text: specific

text: components

text: of

text: the

text: NF-kappa

text: B/Rel

text: protein

text: family,

text: the

text: (Rel

text: A)

text: heterodimeric

text: form

text: of

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: is

text: primarily

text: affected.


text: Furthermore, cyclosporin A, which blocked TNF alpha production induced by PKC, strongly inhibited IL-2R alpha and NF.kappa B activation.

text: Furthermore,

text: cyclosporin

text: A,

text: which

text: blocked

text: TNF

text: alpha

text: production

text: induced

text: by

text: PKC,

text: strongly

text: inhibited

text: alpha

text: and

text: NF.kappa

text: B

text: activation.


text: To test whether the reported sea urchin sequences represent a true RAG1-like match , we cut off the ring finger motif and repeated the BLASTP search against all GenBank proteins.

text: To

text: test

text: whether

text: the

text: reported

text: sea

text: urchin

text: sequences

text: represent

text: a

text: true

text: match

text: we

text: cut

text: off

text: the

text: ring

text: finger

text: motif

text: and

text: repeated

text: the

text: BLASTP

text: search

text: against

text: all

text: GenBank

text: proteins.


text: Conclusion

text: Conclusion


text: Mechanisms of transactivation by nuclear factor of activated T cells-1.

text: Mechanisms

text: of

text: transactivation

text: by

text: nuclear

text: factor

text: of

text: activated

text: T


text: both catecholamines, however, dose-dependently increased the production of IL-10.

text: both

text: catecholamines,

text: however,

text: dose-dependently

text: increased

text: the

text: production

text: of


text: These data indicate that IL-4 suppresses the induction of transcription factors in human activated monocytes .

text: These

text: data

text: indicate

text: that

text: suppresses

text: the

text: induction

text: of

text: transcription

text: factors

text: in

text: human

text: activated

text: monocytes


text: Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is produced by T lymphocytes and known to support B cell growth and eosinophilic differentiation of the progenitor cells.

text: is

text: produced

text: by

text: T

text: lymphocytes

text: and

text: known

text: to

text: support

text: B

text: cell

text: growth

text: and

text: eosinophilic

text: differentiation

text: of

text: the

text: progenitor

text: cells.


text: The HTLV-I transcriptional activator tax was used to gain insight into the mechanism of lymphotoxin (LT; TNF-beta) gene induction.

text: The

text: HTLV-I

text: transcriptional

text: activator

text: tax

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: gain

text: insight

text: into

text: the

text: mechanism

text: of

text: lymphotoxin

text: (LT;

text: TNF-beta)

text: gene

text: induction.


text: NF-IL6 is an important transcriptional regulator of genes induced in activated monocytes/macrophages, and NF-IL6 is the only CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family member whose steady-state mRNA levels increase upon activation of monocytes (1).

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: transcriptional

text: regulator

text: of

text: genes

text: induced

text: in

text: activated

text: monocytes/macrophages,

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: CCAAT/enhancer-binding

text: protein

text: (C/EBP)

text: family

text: member

text: whose

text: steady-state

text: mRNA

text: levels

text: increase

text: upon

text: activation

text: of

text: monocytes


text: A recent sib-pair analysis revealed a tight linkage between markers on 5q31.1 and a major susceptibility gene controlling total serum IgE levels.

text: A

text: recent

text: sib-pair

text: analysis

text: revealed

text: a

text: tight

text: linkage

text: between

text: markers

text: on

text: and

text: a

text: major

text: susceptibility

text: gene

text: controlling

text: total

text: serum

text: IgE

text: levels.


text: Activation of NF-kappa B by various cellular stimuli involves the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of its inhibitor, I kappa B alpha, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear .

text: Activation

text: of

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: by

text: various

text: cellular

text: stimuli

text: involves

text: the

text: phosphorylation

text: and

text: subsequent

text: degradation

text: of

text: its

text: inhibitor,

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: alpha,

text: although

text: the

text: underlying

text: mechanism

text: remains

text: unclear


text: Thus, the glucocorticoid-induced membrane perturbation, the possibility to inhibit it by RU 486, and the inactivity of the structurally related progesterone, refer to relatively specific binding sites for the glucocorticoids in the membrane of erythrocyte ghosts .

text: Thus,

text: the

text: glucocorticoid-induced

text: membrane

text: perturbation,

text: the

text: possibility

text: to

text: inhibit

text: it

text: by

text: RU

text: and

text: the

text: inactivity

text: of

text: the

text: structurally

text: related

text: progesterone,

text: refer

text: to

text: relatively

text: specific

text: binding

text: sites

text: for

text: the

text: glucocorticoids

text: in

text: the

text: membrane

text: of

text: erythrocyte

text: ghosts


text: Functional analysis of monocytic THP-1 cells transfected with plasmids containing various lengths of TNF-alpha promoter localized enhancer elements in a region (-182 to -37 base pairs (bp)) that were required for optimal transcription of the TNF-alpha gene in response to LPS.

text: Functional

text: analysis

text: of

text: monocytic

text: cells

text: transfected

text: with

text: plasmids

text: containing

text: various

text: lengths

text: of

text: TNF-alpha

text: promoter

text: localized

text: enhancer

text: elements

text: in

text: a

text: region

text: to

text: base

text: pairs

text: (bp))

text: that

text: were

text: required

text: for

text: optimal

text: transcription

text: of

text: the

text: TNF-alpha

text: gene

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: LPS.


text: In conclusion, the presence of myeloid-associated growth factor receptor transcripts in CD34+ CB subsets does not discriminate the various stages of differentiation, with the exception of the M-CSF receptor .

text: In

text: conclusion,

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: myeloid-associated

text: growth

text: factor

text: receptor

text: transcripts

text: in

text: CB

text: subsets

text: does

text: not

text: discriminate

text: the

text: various

text: stages

text: of

text: differentiation,

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: the

text: M-CSF

text: receptor


text: Anoxia/reoxygenation-induced tolerance with respect to polymorphonuclear leukocyte adhesion to cultured endothelial cells.

text: Anoxia/reoxygenation-induced

text: tolerance

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: polymorphonuclear

text: leukocyte

text: adhesion

text: to

text: cultured

text: endothelial

text: cells.


text: Northern blot analyses indicated a highly restricted mRNA expression pattern, with the strongest expression occurring in promyelocyte and late-myeloblast-like cell lines.

text: Northern

text: blot

text: analyses

text: indicated

text: a

text: highly

text: restricted

text: mRNA

text: expression

text: pattern,

text: with

text: the

text: strongest

text: expression

text: occurring

text: in

text: promyelocyte

text: and

text: late-myeloblast-like

text: cell

text: lines.


text: Frequencies of iPfam domain pairs in E. coli, S. cerevisiae and H. sapiens protein interactions.

text: Frequencies

text: of

text: iPfam

text: domain

text: pairs

text: in

text: E.

text: coli,

text: S.

text: cerevisiae

text: and

text: H.

text: sapiens

text: protein

text: interactions.


text: Activation protein 1-dependent transcriptional activation of interleukin 2 gene by Ca2+/calmodulin kinase type IV/Gr.

text: Activation

text: protein

text: transcriptional

text: activation

text: of

text: interleukin

text: gene

text: by

text: kinase

text: type

text: IV/Gr.


text: Identification of the pathways activated by LMP-1 to result in posttranslational modifications of I kappa B alpha will aid in determining the role of this virus-host cell protein interaction in Epstein-Barr virus-mediated oncogenesis.

text: Identification

text: of

text: the

text: pathways

text: activated

text: by

text: to

text: result

text: in

text: posttranslational

text: modifications

text: of

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: alpha

text: will

text: aid

text: in

text: determining

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: this

text: virus-host

text: cell

text: protein

text: interaction

text: in

text: Epstein-Barr

text: virus-mediated

text: oncogenesis.


text: NF-kappa B elevation results in these phenotypic abnormalities because mice lacking both I kappa B alpha and the p50 subunit of NF-kappa B show a dramatically delayed onset of abnormalities.

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: elevation

text: results

text: in

text: these

text: phenotypic

text: abnormalities

text: because

text: mice

text: lacking

text: both

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: alpha

text: and

text: the

text: subunit

text: of

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: show

text: a

text: dramatically

text: delayed

text: onset

text: of

text: abnormalities.


text: The boxed areas in (A) and (D) are shown at higher magnification in (B–F?).

text: The

text: boxed

text: areas

text: in

text: (A)

text: and

text: (D)

text: are

text: shown

text: at

text: higher

text: magnification

text: in

text: (B–F?).


text: Thus, positive autoregulation is neither a consequence nor the sole cause of growth arrest .

text: Thus,

text: positive

text: autoregulation

text: is

text: neither

text: a

text: consequence

text: nor

text: the

text: sole

text: cause

text: of

text: growth

text: arrest


text: YM268, with and without insulin , increased the mRNA expression of glucose transporter isoforms such as GLUT1 and GLUT4, indicating enhancement of adipocyte differentiation.

text: with

text: and

text: without

text: insulin

text: increased

text: the

text: mRNA

text: expression

text: of

text: glucose

text: transporter

text: isoforms

text: such

text: as

text: and

text: indicating

text: enhancement

text: of

text: adipocyte

text: differentiation.


text: For complexes with known structure, it has been shown that domains can mediate interactions 1112.

text: For

text: complexes

text: with

text: known

text: structure,

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: shown

text: that

text: domains

text: can

text: mediate

text: interactions


text: (A and B) Fat body disintegration visualized by GFP expression driven by Cg-Gal4 driver in the fat body.

text: (A

text: and

text: B)

text: Fat

text: body

text: disintegration

text: visualized

text: by

text: GFP

text: expression

text: driven

text: by

text: driver

text: in

text: the

text: fat

text: body.


text: In transfection assays, TRADD and TES2 synergistically mediated high-level NF-kappaB activation.

text: In

text: transfection

text: assays,

text: TRADD

text: and

text: synergistically

text: mediated

text: high-level

text: NF-kappaB

text: activation.


text: Both are true for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

text: Both

text: are

text: true

text: for

text: the

text: Epstein-Barr

text: virus

text: (EBV).


text: The rapid progress of the various genome sequencing projects has greatly accelerated the discovery of homologs for key components of the cell death pathway as well as for its regulators.

text: The

text: rapid

text: progress

text: of

text: the

text: various

text: genome

text: sequencing

text: projects

text: has

text: greatly

text: accelerated

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: homologs

text: for

text: key

text: components

text: of

text: the

text: cell

text: death

text: pathway

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: for

text: its

text: regulators.


text: These results suggest that, while lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of inflammatory mediators requires tyrosine kinase activity, tyrosine kinase activity is not obligatory for lipopolysaccharide signal transduction .

text: These

text: results

text: suggest

text: that,

text: while

text: lipopolysaccharide-induced

text: expression

text: of

text: inflammatory

text: mediators

text: requires

text: tyrosine

text: kinase

text: activity,

text: tyrosine

text: kinase

text: activity

text: is

text: not

text: obligatory

text: for

text: lipopolysaccharide

text: signal

text: transduction


text: The -1053/+34 construct allowed promoter activity only in cells of hematopoietic origin, and tissue specificity was conserved in all other constructs tested.

text: The

text: construct

text: allowed

text: promoter

text: activity

text: only

text: in

text: cells

text: of

text: hematopoietic

text: origin,

text: and

text: tissue

text: specificity

text: was

text: conserved

text: in

text: all

text: other

text: constructs

text: tested.


text: Alexa488-coupled secondary antibodies and phalloidin were from Molecular Probes (Eugene, Oregon, United States).

text: secondary

text: antibodies

text: and

text: phalloidin

text: were

text: from

text: Molecular

text: Probes

text: (Eugene,

text: Oregon,

text: United

text: States).


text: GM-CSF and IL-2 share common control mechanisms in response to costimulatory signals in T cells.

text: GM-CSF

text: and

text: share

text: common

text: control

text: mechanisms

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: costimulatory

text: signals

text: in

text: T

text: cells.


text: Moreover, the catalytic domain of pp56(lck) was able to induce IL-2 cytokine production to an extent similar to that of wild-type pp56(lck).

text: Moreover,

text: the

text: catalytic

text: domain

text: of

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: induce

text: cytokine

text: production

text: to

text: an

text: extent

text: similar

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: wild-type


text: Treatment of U937 with IFN-gamma for 9 hr in the presence of cycloheximide led to super-induction of Fc gamma RI expression.

text: Treatment

text: of

text: with

text: IFN-gamma

text: for

text: hr

text: in

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: cycloheximide

text: led

text: to

text: super-induction

text: of

text: Fc

text: gamma

text: RI

text: expression.


text: Both the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the TNF gene were required to elicit maximal translational suppression by CNI-1493.

text: Both

text: the

text: and

text: untranslated

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: TNF

text: gene

text: were

text: required

text: to

text: elicit

text: maximal

text: translational

text: suppression

text: by


text: In contrast, the accumulation of Ser at the apical cortex was strongly increased (Figure 4E) and Ser accumulation in Dl-positive vesicles was dramatically reduced (Figure 4E?) in D-mib1 mutant discs.

text: In

text: contrast,

text: the

text: accumulation

text: of

text: Ser

text: at

text: the

text: apical

text: cortex

text: was

text: strongly

text: increased

text: (Figure

text: and

text: Ser

text: accumulation

text: in

text: Dl-positive

text: vesicles

text: was

text: dramatically

text: reduced

text: (Figure

text: in

text: mutant

text: discs.


text: In vitro DNase I footprinting analysis revealed six hGATA-3 binding sites in the U3 region (the transcriptional regulatory domain) of the HIV-1 LTR.

text: In

text: vitro

text: DNase

text: I

text: footprinting

text: analysis

text: revealed

text: six

text: binding

text: sites

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: (the

text: transcriptional

text: regulatory

text: domain)

text: of

text: the

text: LTR.


text: The fragment was cut by XhoI/XbaI and cloned into the pUAST vector modified by MZ.

text: The

text: fragment

text: was

text: cut

text: by

text: XhoI/XbaI

text: and

text: cloned

text: into

text: the

text: pUAST

text: vector

text: modified

text: by

text: MZ.


text: In both atopic and nonatopic asthma, elevated IL-5 has been detected in peripheral blood and the airways.

text: In

text: both

text: atopic

text: and

text: nonatopic

text: asthma,

text: elevated

text: has

text: been

text: detected

text: in

text: peripheral

text: blood

text: and

text: the

text: airways.


text: We demonstrate that: 1) RANTES promoter activity is up-regulated by PMA plus ionomycin, coexpression of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B, the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, and the CD28 costimulatory pathway; 2) the RANTES promoter region contains four NF-kappa B binding sites at positions -30, -44, -213, and -579 relative to the transcription start site; 3) one site (-213) is an NF-AT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) binding site that also has weak affinity to NF-kappa B, and the most distal site (-579) also serves as a CD28-responsive element; and 4) mutation on any of those NF-kappa B sites or coexpression of I kappa B alpha (cytoplasmic inhibitor of NF-kappa B) markedly reduced the promoter activity.

text: We

text: demonstrate

text: that:

text: RANTES

text: promoter

text: activity

text: is

text: up-regulated

text: by

text: PMA

text: plus

text: ionomycin,

text: coexpression

text: of

text: the

text: subunit

text: of

text: nuclear

text: factor

text: (NF)-kappa

text: B,

text: the

text: proinflammatory

text: cytokines

text: TNF-alpha

text: and

text: beta,

text: and

text: the

text: costimulatory

text: pathway;

text: the

text: RANTES

text: promoter

text: region

text: contains

text: four

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: binding

text: sites

text: at

text: positions

text: and

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: transcription

text: start

text: site;

text: one

text: site

text: is

text: an

text: NF-AT

text: (nuclear

text: factor

text: of

text: activated

text: T

text: cells)

text: binding

text: site

text: that

text: also

text: has

text: weak

text: affinity

text: to

text: NF-kappa

text: B,

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: distal

text: site

text: also

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: element;

text: and

text: mutation

text: on

text: any

text: of

text: those

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: sites

text: or

text: coexpression

text: of

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: alpha

text: (cytoplasmic

text: inhibitor

text: of

text: NF-kappa

text: B)

text: markedly

text: reduced

text: the

text: promoter

text: activity.


text: Our data show that new mutations may occur in the androgen receptor gene leading to sporadic androgen insensitivity syndrome .

text: Our

text: data

text: show

text: that

text: new

text: mutations

text: may

text: occur

text: in

text: the

text: androgen

text: receptor

text: gene

text: leading

text: to

text: sporadic

text: androgen

text: insensitivity

text: syndrome


text: We now demonstrate that B7, but not LFA-3 , strongly costimulated IL-2 transcription and mRNA expression in CD4+ T cells.

text: We

text: now

text: demonstrate

text: that

text: but

text: not

text: strongly

text: costimulated

text: transcription

text: and

text: mRNA

text: expression

text: in

text: T

text: cells.


text: Together, these data suggest the TR2RE-SV40 may represent the first identified natural DNA response element for the TR2 orphan receptor that may function as a repressor for the SV40 gene expression .

text: Together,

text: these

text: data

text: suggest

text: the

text: may

text: represent

text: the

text: first

text: identified

text: natural

text: DNA

text: response

text: element

text: for

text: the

text: orphan

text: receptor

text: that

text: may

text: function

text: as

text: a

text: repressor

text: for

text: the

text: gene

text: expression


text: These complexes undergo stimulus-responsive processing to produce active p50/c-Rel and p55/c-Rel complexes.

text: These

text: complexes

text: undergo

text: stimulus-responsive

text: processing

text: to

text: produce

text: active

text: and

text: complexes.


text: Impaired myelopoiesis in vivo was shown by stressing these mice with sublethal irradiation.

text: Impaired

text: myelopoiesis

text: in

text: vivo

text: was

text: shown

text: by

text: stressing

text: these

text: mice

text: with

text: sublethal

text: irradiation.


text: We have examined binding of the nuclear protein HMG-I to the human gamma-globin promoter.

text: We

text: have

text: examined

text: binding

text: of

text: the

text: nuclear

text: protein

text: HMG-I

text: to

text: the

text: human

text: gamma-globin

text: promoter.


text: The transcriptional hierarchy of HNFs suggests that other proteins of the regulatory cascade might be responsible for other forms of MODY and/or late-onset type 2 diabetes .

text: The

text: transcriptional

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: HNFs

text: suggests

text: that

text: other

text: proteins

text: of

text: the

text: regulatory

text: cascade

text: might

text: be

text: responsible

text: for

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: MODY

text: and/or

text: late-onset

text: type

text: diabetes


text: TCP succinate (20 microM, 72 h), but not TCP (200 microM, 72 h) , reduced U-937 cell adhesion to TNF-alpha-stimulated (10 U/ml, 6 h) HUVEC by 30% (P

text: TCP

text: succinate

text: microM,

text: h),

text: but

text: not

text: TCP

text: microM,

text: h)

text: reduced

text: cell

text: adhesion

text: to

text: TNF-alpha-stimulated

text: U/ml,

text: h)

text: HUVEC

text: by

text: (P


text: This finding was particularly notable because the motif finders studied employed a wide range of motif representations, scoring functions and search strategies and all were operated under the most favorable conditions possible.

text: This

text: finding

text: was

text: particularly

text: notable

text: because

text: the

text: motif

text: finders

text: studied

text: employed

text: a

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: motif

text: representations,

text: scoring

text: functions

text: and

text: search

text: strategies

text: and

text: all

text: were

text: operated

text: under

text: the

text: most

text: favorable

text: conditions

text: possible.


text: Mutations in these binding sites can interfere with the viral response to cell activation signals, decrease LTR transcription, and inhibit viral replication.

text: Mutations

text: in

text: these

text: binding

text: sites

text: can

text: interfere

text: with

text: the

text: viral

text: response

text: to

text: cell

text: activation

text: signals,

text: decrease

text: LTR

text: transcription,

text: and

text: inhibit

text: viral

text: replication.


text: As p65 complexes are transcriptionally active in comparison to the p50 homodimer, this novel finding may provide insight on the origin of abnormal cytokine or other gene transcription in SLE patients .

text: As

text: complexes

text: are

text: transcriptionally

text: active

text: in

text: comparison

text: to

text: the

text: homodimer,

text: this

text: novel

text: finding

text: may

text: provide

text: insight

text: on

text: the

text: origin

text: of

text: abnormal

text: cytokine

text: or

text: other

text: gene

text: transcription

text: in

text: SLE

text: patients


text: In GH4C1 pituitary cells, T3SO4 failed to displace [125I]T3 from nuclear receptors in intact cells or soluble preparations.

text: In

text: pituitary

text: cells,

text: failed

text: to

text: displace

text: from

text: nuclear

text: receptors

text: in

text: intact

text: cells

text: or

text: soluble

text: preparations.


text: Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in human neuroblastoma cell lines.

text: Activation

text: of

text: nuclear

text: factor

text: kappa

text: B

text: in

text: human

text: neuroblastoma

text: cell

text: lines.


text: Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a notable participant in inflammation and chemotaxis.

text: Leukotriene

text: is

text: a

text: notable

text: participant

text: in

text: inflammation

text: and

text: chemotaxis.


text: This filter is mainly designed to remove conserved non-coding sequences (CNS) immediately downstream of non-readthrough genes.

text: This

text: filter

text: is

text: mainly

text: designed

text: to

text: remove

text: conserved

text: non-coding

text: sequences

text: (CNS)

text: immediately

text: downstream

text: of

text: non-readthrough

text: genes.


text: Peptide vaccination can lead to enhanced tumor growth through specific T-cell tolerance induction .

text: Peptide

text: vaccination

text: can

text: lead

text: to

text: enhanced

text: tumor

text: growth

text: through

text: specific

text: T-cell

text: tolerance

text: induction


text: NF-kappaB functions as both a proapoptotic and antiapoptotic regulatory factor within a single cell type.

text: NF-kappaB

text: functions

text: as

text: both

text: a

text: proapoptotic

text: and

text: antiapoptotic

text: regulatory

text: factor

text: within

text: a

text: single

text: cell

text: type.


text: Our previous studies showed that the exposure of human monocytes to E. chaffeensis induces the expression of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-8, and IL-10 genes in vitro but not the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-6 mRNAs .

text: Our

text: previous

text: studies

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: exposure

text: of

text: human

text: monocytes

text: to

text: E.

text: chaffeensis

text: induces

text: the

text: expression

text: of

text: and

text: genes

text: in

text: vitro

text: but

text: not

text: the

text: expression

text: of

text: tumor

text: necrosis

text: factor

text: alpha

text: (TNF-alpha)

text: and

text: mRNAs


text: There is a single methionine codon-initiated open reading frame of 1,458 nt in frame with a homeobox and a CAX repeat, and the open reading frame is predicted to encode a protein of 51,659 daltons .

text: There

text: is

text: a

text: single

text: methionine

text: codon-initiated

text: open

text: reading

text: frame

text: of

text: nt

text: in

text: frame

text: with

text: a

text: homeobox

text: and

text: a

text: CAX

text: repeat,

text: and

text: the

text: open

text: reading

text: frame

text: is

text: predicted

text: to

text: encode

text: a

text: protein

text: of

text: daltons


text: Another LTR size variation was observed in four patients in a region just upstream of the NF-kappa B enhancer.

text: Another

text: LTR

text: size

text: variation

text: was

text: observed

text: in

text: four

text: patients

text: in

text: a

text: region

text: just

text: upstream

text: of

text: the

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: enhancer.


text: The putative promoter area is similar to those of several other myeloid-cell-specific genes in that it contains no TATAAA box but has a number of purine-rich stretches with multiple sites for the factors of the Ets family of transcriptional regulators.

text: The

text: putative

text: promoter

text: area

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: several

text: other

text: myeloid-cell-specific

text: genes

text: in

text: that

text: it

text: contains

text: no

text: TATAAA

text: box

text: but

text: has

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: purine-rich

text: stretches

text: with

text: multiple

text: sites

text: for

text: the

text: factors

text: of

text: the

text: Ets

text: family

text: of

text: transcriptional

text: regulators.


text: CsA does not interfere with the synthesis of Rel proteins , but prevents the inducible degradation of cytosolic NF-kappa B inhibitors I kappa B alpha and I kappa B beta upon T cell activation.

text: CsA

text: does

text: not

text: interfere

text: with

text: the

text: synthesis

text: of

text: Rel

text: proteins

text: but

text: prevents

text: the

text: inducible

text: degradation

text: of

text: cytosolic

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: inhibitors

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: alpha

text: and

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: beta

text: upon

text: T

text: cell

text: activation.


text: v-erbA overexpression is required to extinguish c-erbA function in erythroid cell differentiation and regulation of the erbA target gene CAII.

text: v-erbA

text: overexpression

text: is

text: required

text: to

text: extinguish

text: c-erbA

text: function

text: in

text: erythroid

text: cell

text: differentiation

text: and

text: regulation

text: of

text: the

text: erbA

text: target

text: gene

text: CAII.


text: Furthermore, in activated T cells, the kinetics of the two phosphorylation events are essentially similar.

text: Furthermore,

text: in

text: activated

text: T

text: cells,

text: the

text: kinetics

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: phosphorylation

text: events

text: are

text: essentially

text: similar.


text: IkappaB levels in MNC homogenates increased at 1 hr, peaked at 2-4 hr, started to decrease at 8 hr, and returned to baseline levels at 24 hr.

text: IkappaB

text: levels

text: in

text: MNC

text: homogenates

text: increased

text: at

text: hr,

text: peaked

text: at

text: hr,

text: started

text: to

text: decrease

text: at

text: hr,

text: and

text: returned

text: to

text: baseline

text: levels

text: at

text: hr.


text: Random networks

text: Random

text: networks


text: Circular dichroism analysis reveals that NO induces a profound conformational change in p21ras in association with GDP/GTP exchange.

text: Circular

text: dichroism

text: analysis

text: reveals

text: that

text: NO

text: induces

text: a

text: profound

text: conformational

text: change

text: in

text: in

text: association

text: with

text: GDP/GTP

text: exchange.


text: Conserved motifs are marked by lines numbered from 1 to 10.

text: Conserved

text: motifs

text: are

text: marked

text: by

text: lines

text: numbered

text: from

text: to


text: The absence in I kappa B gamma-1 and I kappa B gamma-2 of a protein kinase A site whose phosphorylation modulates p70I kappa B gamma inhibitory activity suggests that alternative RNA splicing may be used to generate I kappa B gamma isoforms that respond differently to intracellular signals .

text: The

text: absence

text: in

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: and

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: of

text: a

text: protein

text: kinase

text: A

text: site

text: whose

text: phosphorylation

text: modulates

text: kappa

text: B

text: gamma

text: inhibitory

text: activity

text: suggests

text: that

text: alternative

text: RNA

text: splicing

text: may

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: generate

text: I

text: kappa

text: B

text: gamma

text: isoforms

text: that

text: respond

text: differently

text: to

text: intracellular

text: signals


text: (B) Domain composition of D-mib and D. rerio Mib.

text: (B)

text: Domain

text: composition

text: of

text: D-mib

text: and

text: D.

text: rerio

text: Mib.


text: S9a was superior to the first generation compound Canventol, which was superior to the natural compound sarcophytol A, demonstrating that further structure-based enhancement of potency of these compounds is feasible.

text: was

text: superior

text: to

text: the

text: first

text: generation

text: compound

text: Canventol,

text: which

text: was

text: superior

text: to

text: the

text: natural

text: compound

text: sarcophytol

text: A,

text: demonstrating

text: that

text: further

text: structure-based

text: enhancement

text: of

text: potency

text: of

text: these

text: compounds

text: is

text: feasible.


text: However, only triflusal and aspirin inhibited purified COX-2 enzyme.

text: However,

text: only

text: triflusal

text: and

text: aspirin

text: inhibited

text: purified

text: enzyme.


text: Recently, a number of other octamer factor variants were identified.

text: Recently,

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: octamer

text: factor

text: variants

text: were

text: identified.


text: However, some peculiar differences were observed between the TEC, either IFN-gamma-induced or not , and the constitutive B cells.

text: However,

text: some

text: peculiar

text: differences

text: were

text: observed

text: between

text: the

text: TEC,

text: either

text: IFN-gamma-induced

text: or

text: not

text: and

text: the

text: constitutive

text: B

text: cells.


text: Uneven X inactivation in a female monozygotic twin pair with Fabry disease and discordant expression of a novel mutation in the alpha-galactosidase A gene.

text: Uneven

text: X

text: inactivation

text: in

text: a

text: female

text: monozygotic

text: twin

text: pair

text: with

text: Fabry

text: disease

text: and

text: discordant

text: expression

text: of

text: a

text: novel

text: mutation

text: in

text: the

text: alpha-galactosidase

text: A

text: gene.


text: The DQB X2-box was able to restore expression to the silent DRA reporter construct.

text: The

text: DQB

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: restore

text: expression

text: to

text: the

text: silent

text: DRA

text: reporter

text: construct.


text: However, V3-BH10 enhanced IL-2-induced mRNA expression of c-fos but not c-myc or junB .

text: However,

text: enhanced

text: mRNA

text: expression

text: of

text: c-fos

text: but

text: not

text: c-myc

text: or

text: junB


text: However, the ability of Neur to rescue the D-mib mutant wing phenotype when expressed in dorsal cells strongly indicates that Neur can promote Ser signaling .

text: However,

text: the

text: ability

text: of

text: Neur

text: to

text: rescue

text: the

text: D-mib

text: mutant

text: wing

text: phenotype

text: when

text: expressed

text: in

text: dorsal

text: cells

text: strongly

text: indicates

text: that

text: Neur

text: can

text: promote

text: Ser

text: signaling


text: Furthermore, methods for assessing the quality of high-throughput experimental results are in high demand due to the error prone nature of the methods used.

text: Furthermore,

text: methods

text: for

text: assessing

text: the

text: quality

text: of

text: high-throughput

text: experimental

text: results

text: are

text: in

text: high

text: demand

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: error

text: prone

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: methods

text: used.


text: CD40 expression was confirmed in 7 human MM cell lines established from immunogenic primary tumors or metastases, whereas 11 cell lines established from advanced stages were CD40 negative.

text: expression

text: was

text: confirmed

text: in

text: human

text: MM

text: cell

text: lines

text: established

text: from

text: immunogenic

text: primary

text: tumors

text: or

text: metastases,

text: whereas

text: cell

text: lines

text: established

text: from

text: advanced

text: stages

text: were

text: negative.


text: In addition, we observed cell type-specific permissiveness to replication of some mutant viruses.

text: In

text: addition,

text: we

text: observed

text: cell

text: type-specific

text: permissiveness

text: to

text: replication

text: of

text: some

text: mutant

text: viruses.


text: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor activates a 72-kDa isoform of STAT3 in human neutrophils.

text: Granulocyte

text: colony-stimulating

text: factor

text: activates

text: a

text: isoform

text: of

text: in

text: human

text: neutrophils.


text: The regulation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activation by the T cell receptor (TcR)/CD3 complex in primary human T cells has been studied at various times after activation.

text: The

text: regulation

text: of

text: nuclear

text: factor

text: (NF)-kappa

text: B

text: activation

text: by

text: the

text: T

text: cell

text: receptor

text: complex

text: in

text: primary

text: human

text: T

text: cells

text: has

text: been

text: studied

text: at

text: various

text: times

text: after

text: activation.


text: The nature of CD40-dependent signals in proliferating fresh human Epstein-Barr virus-negative B lymphocytes is currently unknown.

text: The

text: nature

text: of

text: signals

text: in

text: proliferating

text: fresh

text: human

text: Epstein-Barr

text: virus-negative

text: B

text: lymphocytes

text: is

text: currently

text: unknown.


text: Notably, we do not see particularly strong transcription when the immunoglobulin kappa enhancer ( or the immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer) is used to activate a kappa gene promoter .

text: Notably,

text: we

text: do

text: not

text: see

text: particularly

text: strong

text: transcription

text: when

text: the

text: immunoglobulin

text: kappa

text: enhancer

text: or

text: the

text: immunoglobulin

text: heavy

text: chain

text: enhancer)

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: activate

text: a

text: kappa

text: gene

text: promoter


text: Site-directed mutational studies demonstrate that Site I and Site IV together support ATF1- and CREB-induced trans-activation of the H4 promoter.

text: Site-directed

text: mutational

text: studies

text: demonstrate

text: that

text: Site

text: I

text: and

text: Site

text: IV

text: together

text: support

text: and

text: CREB-induced

text: trans-activation

text: of

text: the

text: promoter.


text: In this communication, we provide evidence that the pathway of induction in the macrophage cell line U937 is different from that in Jurkat cells.

text: In

text: this

text: communication,

text: we

text: provide

text: evidence

text: that

text: the

text: pathway

text: of

text: induction

text: in

text: the

text: macrophage

text: cell

text: line

text: is

text: different

text: from

text: that

text: in

text: Jurkat

text: cells.


text: Apoptosis signaling pathways in normal T cells: differential activity of Bcl-2 and IL-1beta-converting enzyme family protease inhibitors on glucocorticoid- and Fas-mediated cytotoxicity.

text: Apoptosis

text: signaling

text: pathways

text: in

text: normal

text: T

text: cells:

text: differential

text: activity

text: of

text: and

text: enzyme

text: family

text: protease

text: inhibitors

text: on

text: glucocorticoid-

text: and

text: Fas-mediated

text: cytotoxicity.


text: The human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene is one of the earliest genes transcribed after the stimulation of a B cell through its antigen receptor or via the CD-40 pathway.

text: The

text: human

text: tumor

text: necrosis

text: factor

text: alpha

text: (TNF-alpha)

text: gene

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: genes

text: transcribed

text: after

text: the

text: stimulation

text: of

text: a

text: B

text: cell

text: through

text: its

text: antigen

text: receptor

text: or

text: via

text: the

text: pathway.


text: -TCPTP was predicted to interact with STAT6 at a posterior odds ratio of 4300.

text: -TCPTP

text: was

text: predicted

text: to

text: interact

text: with

text: at

text: a

text: posterior

text: odds

text: ratio

text: of


text: These STAT proteins were detected by using the IFN-gamma-activated sequence (GAS) and related oligonucleotides as probes in electrophoretic mobility shift assay.

text: These

text: STAT

text: proteins

text: were

text: detected

text: by

text: using

text: the

text: IFN-gamma-activated

text: sequence

text: (GAS)

text: and

text: related

text: oligonucleotides

text: as

text: probes

text: in

text: electrophoretic

text: mobility

text: shift

text: assay.


text: BLPs also initiated apoptosis in an epithelial cell line transfected with hTLR2.

text: BLPs

text: also

text: initiated

text: apoptosis

text: in

text: an

text: epithelial

text: cell

text: line

text: transfected

text: with


text: Packaging of viral particles, integration into the target genome, and stability of the integrated provirus are not affected by the LTR modification .

text: Packaging

text: of

text: viral

text: particles,

text: integration

text: into

text: the

text: target

text: genome,

text: and

text: stability

text: of

text: the

text: integrated

text: provirus

text: are

text: not

text: affected

text: by

text: the

text: LTR

text: modification


text: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor.

text: Peroxisome

text: proliferator-activated

text: receptor.


text: Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) is a transcriptional activator involved in the induction of IL-2 gene expression.

text: Nuclear

text: factor

text: of

text: activated

text: T

text: cells

text: (NF-AT)

text: is

text: a

text: transcriptional

text: activator

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: induction

text: of

text: gene

text: expression.


text: A novel primer extension method to detect the number of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene in families with X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

text: A

text: novel

text: primer

text: extension

text: method

text: to

text: detect

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: CAG

text: repeats

text: in

text: the

text: androgen

text: receptor

text: gene

text: in

text: families

text: with

text: X-linked

text: spinal

text: and

text: bulbar

text: muscular

text: atrophy.


text: The biological significance of NF-kappaB activation in T. parva-infected cells, however, has not yet been defined .

text: The

text: biological

text: significance

text: of

text: NF-kappaB

text: activation

text: in

text: T.

text: parva-infected

text: cells,

text: however,

text: has

text: not

text: yet

text: been

text: defined


text: Further evidence that the action of dexamethasone was mediated through ligation of corticosteroid receptors [human glucocorticoid receptors (hGRs)] was provided by experiments utilizing the steroid antagonist RU-486.

text: Further

text: evidence

text: that

text: the

text: action

text: of

text: dexamethasone

text: was

text: mediated

text: through

text: ligation

text: of

text: corticosteroid

text: receptors

text: [human

text: glucocorticoid

text: receptors

text: (hGRs)]

text: was

text: provided

text: by

text: experiments

text: utilizing

text: the

text: steroid

text: antagonist


text: We focused our analysis on the notum region since D-mib mutant discs have no wing pouch (Figure 4).

text: We

text: focused

text: our

text: analysis

text: on

text: the

text: notum

text: region

text: since

text: D-mib

text: mutant

text: discs

text: have

text: no

text: wing

text: pouch

text: (Figure


text: Coexpression of NF-kappa B/Rel and Sp1 transcription factors in human immunodeficiency virus 1-induced, dendritic cell-T-cell syncytia.

text: Coexpression

text: of

text: NF-kappa

text: B/Rel

text: and

text: transcription

text: factors

text: in

text: human

text: immunodeficiency

text: virus

text: dendritic

text: cell-T-cell

text: syncytia.


text: Here, we have analyzed the mechanisms involved in CTLA-4-mediated inhibition of T cell activation of naive CD4+ T cells using Ab cross-linking.

text: Here,

text: we

text: have

text: analyzed

text: the

text: mechanisms

text: involved

text: in

text: inhibition

text: of

text: T

text: cell

text: activation

text: of

text: naive

text: T

text: cells

text: using

text: Ab

text: cross-linking.


text: After 5-day anti-CD3/IL-2 activation, levels of p56lck and p59fyn and protein tyrosine kinase activity increased.

text: After

text: activation,

text: levels

text: of

text: and

text: and

text: protein

text: tyrosine

text: kinase

text: activity

text: increased.


text: Although mutation of either Y113 and Y128 has a minimal effect on SLP-76 function, mutation of both residues decreases significantly the ability of SLP-76 to promote T cell activation.

text: Although

text: mutation

text: of

text: either

text: and

text: has

text: a

text: minimal

text: effect

text: on

text: function,

text: mutation

text: of

text: both

text: residues

text: decreases

text: significantly

text: the

text: ability

text: of

text: to

text: promote

text: T

text: cell

text: activation.


text: These results are the first to suggest that surfactant's suppressive effects on inflammatory cytokine production may involve transcriptional regulation through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation .

text: These

text: results

text: are

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: suggest

text: that

text: surfactant's

text: suppressive

text: effects

text: on

text: inflammatory

text: cytokine

text: production

text: may

text: involve

text: transcriptional

text: regulation

text: through

text: inhibition

text: of

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: activation


text: In summary, we have discovered that expression of C/EBP epsilon mRNA is markedly enhanced as the NB4 promyelocytes are induced by retinoids to differentiate towards granulocytes.

text: In

text: summary,

text: we

text: have

text: discovered

text: that

text: expression

text: of

text: C/EBP

text: epsilon

text: mRNA

text: is

text: markedly

text: enhanced

text: as

text: the

text: promyelocytes

text: are

text: induced

text: by

text: retinoids

text: to

text: differentiate

text: towards

text: granulocytes.


text: Functional block for 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-mediated gene regulation in human B lymphocytes.

text: Functional

text: block

text: for

text: gene

text: regulation

text: in

text: human

text: B

text: lymphocytes.


text: Binding is, however, readily detected when the 3' G is replaced by a C.

text: Binding

text: is,

text: however,

text: readily

text: detected

text: when

text: the

text: G

text: is

text: replaced

text: by

text: a

text: C.


text: The iORFs of each organism were compared with protein-coding genes of the organism using BLASTX.

text: The

text: iORFs

text: of

text: each

text: organism

text: were

text: compared

text: with

text: protein-coding

text: genes

text: of

text: the

text: organism

text: using

text: BLASTX.


text: Regression analysis of our data revealed slight trends for some of the biomarkers (e.g.

text: Regression

text: analysis

text: of

text: our

text: data

text: revealed

text: slight

text: trends

text: for

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: biomarkers

text: (e.g.


text: J delta K cells exhibited very low levels of constitutive HIV production.

text: J

text: delta

text: K

text: cells

text: exhibited

text: very

text: low

text: levels

text: of

text: constitutive

text: HIV

text: production.


text: Deletions in this promoter indicated that this upregulation was mediated through the NF-kappa B- but not the AP-1-binding motif , by bona fide p50/p65 heterodimers .

text: Deletions

text: in

text: this

text: promoter

text: indicated

text: that

text: this

text: upregulation

text: was

text: mediated

text: through

text: the

text: NF-kappa

text: B-

text: but

text: not

text: the

text: motif

text: by

text: bona

text: fide

text: heterodimers


text: The proband had no detectable DPD activity .

text: The

text: proband

text: had

text: no

text: detectable

text: DPD

text: activity


text: A question mark at the lamprey lineage indicates insufficient sequence data.

text: A

text: question

text: mark

text: at

text: the

text: lamprey

text: lineage

text: indicates

text: insufficient

text: sequence

text: data.


text: When investigated as a separate feature, the chi-square score of co-occurrence of domain pairs correlates well with the likelihood of interaction of protein pairs that contain these domains, with the highest chi-square score bin obtaining a likelihood ratio of 14, as shown in Figure 3A.

text: When

text: investigated

text: as

text: a

text: separate

text: feature,

text: the

text: chi-square

text: score

text: of

text: co-occurrence

text: of

text: domain

text: pairs

text: correlates

text: well

text: with

text: the

text: likelihood

text: of

text: interaction

text: of

text: protein

text: pairs

text: that

text: contain

text: these

text: domains,

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: chi-square

text: score

text: bin

text: obtaining

text: a

text: likelihood

text: ratio

text: of

text: as

text: shown

text: in

text: Figure


text: We analyzed the activity of the enhancer, the promoter and the silencer of the human CD4 gene during T cell development using transgenic mice.

text: We

text: analyzed

text: the

text: activity

text: of

text: the

text: enhancer,

text: the

text: promoter

text: and

text: the

text: silencer

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: gene

text: during

text: T

text: cell

text: development

text: using

text: transgenic

text: mice.


text: Induction of transcription factors in human T lymphocytes by aspirin-like drugs.

text: Induction

text: of

text: transcription

text: factors

text: in

text: human

text: T

text: lymphocytes

text: by

text: aspirin-like

text: drugs.


text: PRRIII contains a Stat protein binding site that overlaps with an EBS motif (GASd/EBSd).

text: PRRIII

text: contains

text: a

text: Stat

text: protein

text: binding

text: site

text: that

text: overlaps

text: with

text: an

text: EBS

text: motif

text: (GASd/EBSd).


text: Suppression of NF-kappaB activation in normal T cells by supernatant fluid from human renal cell carcinomas.

text: Suppression

text: of

text: NF-kappaB

text: activation

text: in

text: normal

text: T

text: cells

text: by

text: supernatant

text: fluid

text: from

text: human

text: renal

text: cell

text: carcinomas.


text: However, this factor appeared when the CML patients achieved complete haematological remission (CHR) through alpha-interferon therapy.

text: However,

text: this

text: factor

text: appeared

text: when

text: the

text: CML

text: patients

text: achieved

text: complete

text: haematological

text: remission

text: (CHR)

text: through

text: alpha-interferon

text: therapy.


text: Prediction of putative exons and introns encoded by the Transib consensus sequences was done with FGENESH [33] (at http://www.softberry.com).

text: Prediction

text: of

text: putative

text: exons

text: and

text: introns

text: encoded

text: by

text: the

text: Transib

text: consensus

text: sequences

text: was

text: done

text: with

text: FGENESH

text: (at


text: The EBNA transcription was initiated from one of three EBNA promoters, Qp:

text: The

text: EBNA

text: transcription

text: was

text: initiated

text: from

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: EBNA

text: promoters,

text: Qp:


text: The binding of 3H-PGG-Glucan to human leukocyte membranes was specific, concentration-dependent, saturable, and high affinity (Kd approximately 6 nM).

text: The

text: binding

text: of

text: to

text: human

text: leukocyte

text: membranes

text: was

text: specific,

text: concentration-dependent,

text: saturable,

text: and

text: high

text: affinity

text: (Kd

text: approximately

text: nM).


text: Expression of dominant negative MAPKK-1 prevents NFAT induction.

text: Expression

text: of

text: dominant

text: negative

text: prevents

text: NFAT

text: induction.


text: Transcriptional targeting of retroviral vectors to the erythroblastic progeny of transduced hematopoietic stem cells.

text: Transcriptional

text: targeting

text: of

text: retroviral

text: vectors

text: to

text: the

text: erythroblastic

text: progeny

text: of

text: transduced

text: hematopoietic

text: stem

text: cells.


text: Tumor proliferative activity as evaluated by the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 seems to be an effective indicator of prognosis in breast cancer for DFS and OS .

text: Tumor

text: proliferative

text: activity

text: as

text: evaluated

text: by

text: the

text: monoclonal

text: antibody

text: seems

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: effective

text: indicator

text: of

text: prognosis

text: in

text: breast

text: cancer

text: for

text: DFS

text: and

text: OS


text: In B lymphoid cells, deltaspi-B and spi-B mRNAs were present simultaneously in a ratio of around 10%.

text: In

text: B

text: lymphoid

text: cells,

text: deltaspi-B

text: and

text: spi-B

text: mRNAs

text: were

text: present

text: simultaneously

text: in

text: a

text: ratio

text: of

text: around


text: Mouse interleukin-2 receptor alpha gene expression.

text: Mouse

text: receptor

text: alpha

text: gene

text: expression.


text: In this study, we demonstrate that NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and stimulation of virus production by iHIV-1 were strictly linked to the concentrations of viral proteins used as exogenous stimuli.

text: In

text: this

text: study,

text: we

text: demonstrate

text: that

text: NF-kappaB

text: nuclear

text: translocation

text: and

text: stimulation

text: of

text: virus

text: production

text: by

text: were

text: strictly

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: concentrations

text: of

text: viral

text: proteins

text: used

text: as

text: exogenous

text: stimuli.


text: Signaling through the lymphotoxin-beta receptor stimulates HIV-1 replication alone and in cooperation with soluble or membrane-bound TNF-alpha.

text: Signaling

text: through

text: the

text: lymphotoxin-beta

text: receptor

text: stimulates

text: replication

text: alone

text: and

text: in

text: cooperation

text: with

text: soluble

text: or

text: membrane-bound

text: TNF-alpha.


text: Somewhat unexpectedly, the constitutive p21ras activity did not cause an increased DNA binding of transcription factors PEA1 (AP1), PEA3, Oct-2 or NF-kB .

text: Somewhat

text: unexpectedly,

text: the

text: constitutive

text: activity

text: did

text: not

text: cause

text: an

text: increased

text: DNA

text: binding

text: of

text: transcription

text: factors

text: or

text: NF-kB


text: The adherence of monocytes to activated endothelium is an early event in atherogenesis.

text: The

text: adherence

text: of

text: monocytes

text: to

text: activated

text: endothelium

text: is

text: an

text: early

text: event

text: in

text: atherogenesis.


text: In contrast to the decrease in GR mRNA seen in IM-9 cells after treatment with 1 microM dexamethasone for 16-18 h, treatment of 6TG1.1 cells resulted in an 8-fold increase in GR mRNA, as determined by Northern blot and RNase protection analysis, with a corresponding 3- to 4-fold increase in GR protein.

text: In

text: contrast

text: to

text: the

text: decrease

text: in

text: GR

text: mRNA

text: seen

text: in

text: cells

text: after

text: treatment

text: with

text: microM

text: dexamethasone

text: for

text: h,

text: treatment

text: of

text: cells

text: resulted

text: in

text: an

text: increase

text: in

text: GR

text: mRNA,

text: as

text: determined

text: by

text: Northern

text: blot

text: and

text: RNase

text: protection

text: analysis,

text: with

text: a

text: corresponding

text: to

text: increase

text: in

text: GR

text: protein.


text: In addition, the erythroid-specific transcription factor NF-E1 was shown to be expressed coordinately with that of globin in embryoid bodies.

text: In

text: addition,

text: the

text: erythroid-specific

text: transcription

text: factor

text: was

text: shown

text: to

text: be

text: expressed

text: coordinately

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: globin

text: in

text: embryoid

text: bodies.


text: Since the latter cannot be defined without data that obviates the need for computational motif finding , objective functions that approximate biological significance are critical.

text: Since

text: the

text: latter

text: cannot

text: be

text: defined

text: without

text: data

text: that

text: obviates

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: computational

text: motif

text: finding

text: objective

text: functions

text: that

text: approximate

text: biological

text: significance

text: are

text: critical.


text: Moreover, both deletion mutants could still form complexes with wild-type TLR2 and act in a dominant-negative (DN) fashion to block TLR2-mediated signal transduction.

text: Moreover,

text: both

text: deletion

text: mutants

text: could

text: still

text: form

text: complexes

text: with

text: wild-type

text: and

text: act

text: in

text: a

text: dominant-negative

text: (DN)

text: fashion

text: to

text: block

text: signal

text: transduction.


text: high basal expression of c-fos as well as AP-1 DNA binding and transcriptional activity were observed in HeLa cells, but not in T cells .

text: high

text: basal

text: expression

text: of

text: c-fos

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: DNA

text: binding

text: and

text: transcriptional

text: activity

text: were

text: observed

text: in

text: HeLa

text: cells,

text: but

text: not

text: in

text: T

text: cells


text: Interaction of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 tax transactivator with transcription factor IIA.

text: Interaction

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: T-cell

text: lymphotropic

text: virus

text: type

text: tax

text: transactivator

text: with

text: transcription

text: factor

text: IIA.


text: The ets gene family encodes a group of proteins which function as transcription factors under physiological conditions and, if aberrantly expressed, can cause cellular transformation.

text: The

text: ets

text: gene

text: family

text: encodes

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: proteins

text: which

text: function

text: as

text: transcription

text: factors

text: under

text: physiological

text: conditions

text: and,

text: if

text: aberrantly

text: expressed,

text: can

text: cause

text: cellular

text: transformation.


text: Differentiation-dependent expression of a human carboxylesterase in monocytic cells and transcription factor binding to the promoter.

text: Differentiation-dependent

text: expression

text: of

text: a

text: human

text: carboxylesterase

text: in

text: monocytic

text: cells

text: and

text: transcription

text: factor

text: binding

text: to

text: the

text: promoter.


text: All the isoforms retain the previously characterized POU-domain and are therefore able to bind to the octamer motif.

text: All

text: the

text: isoforms

text: retain

text: the

text: previously

text: characterized

text: POU-domain

text: and

text: are

text: therefore

text: able

text: to

text: bind

text: to

text: the

text: octamer

text: motif.


text: Of the 14 families, 11 were found in our prediction result.

text: Of

text: the

text: families,

text: were

text: found

text: in

text: our

text: prediction

text: result.


text: Isolation of cDNA clones for 42 different Kruppel-related zinc finger proteins expressed in the human monoblast cell line U-937.

text: Isolation

text: of

text: cDNA

text: clones

text: for

text: different

text: Kruppel-related

text: zinc

text: finger

text: proteins

text: expressed

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: monoblast

text: cell

text: line


text: The prior odds ratio of interaction for yeast was estimated by combining all protein-protein interactions (but only those related to direct physical interactions, and no entries derived by synthetic lethal-type experiments) from the BIND, DIP and GRID databases 656669.

text: The

text: prior

text: odds

text: ratio

text: of

text: interaction

text: for

text: yeast

text: was

text: estimated

text: by

text: combining

text: all

text: protein-protein

text: interactions

text: (but

text: only

text: those

text: related

text: to

text: direct

text: physical

text: interactions,

text: and

text: no

text: entries

text: derived

text: by

text: synthetic

text: lethal-type

text: experiments)

text: from

text: the

text: BIND,

text: DIP

text: and

text: GRID

text: databases


text: A prevailing hypothesis postulates induction of so-called 'lysis genes' by the activated receptor .

text: A

text: prevailing

text: hypothesis

text: postulates

text: induction

text: of

text: so-called

text: 'lysis

text: genes'

text: by

text: the

text: activated

text: receptor


text: PG490 also inhibits PMA-stimulated activation of a chimeric transcription factor in which the C-terminal TA1 transactivation domain of NF-kappaB p65 is fused to the DNA binding domain of GAL4.

text: also

text: inhibits

text: PMA-stimulated

text: activation

text: of

text: a

text: chimeric

text: transcription

text: factor

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: C-terminal

text: transactivation

text: domain

text: of

text: NF-kappaB

text: is

text: fused

text: to

text: the

text: DNA

text: binding

text: domain

text: of


text: Lists of high scoring domain pairs and PTM pairs are shown in Additional Files 1 and 2.

text: Lists

text: of

text: high

text: scoring

text: domain

text: pairs

text: and

text: PTM

text: pairs

text: are

text: shown

text: in

text: Additional

text: Files

text: and


text: In both H. sapiens (blue) and S. cerevisiae (green) a small number of iPfam domain pairs covers a large fraction of the interactome, whereas in E. coli, no iPfam domain occurs in more than 4 experimental interactions at a time .

text: In

text: both

text: H.

text: sapiens

text: (blue)

text: and

text: S.

text: cerevisiae

text: (green)

text: a

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: iPfam

text: domain

text: pairs

text: covers

text: a

text: large

text: fraction

text: of

text: the

text: interactome,

text: whereas

text: in

text: E.

text: coli,

text: no

text: iPfam

text: domain

text: occurs

text: in

text: more

text: than

text: experimental

text: interactions

text: at

text: a

text: time


text: Not only functional but also specific binding interactions between CIITA and CBP were demonstrated.

text: Not

text: only

text: functional

text: but

text: also

text: specific

text: binding

text: interactions

text: between

text: CIITA

text: and

text: CBP

text: were

text: demonstrated.


text: CD40 ligation leads to B cell activation events such as proliferation, Ig secretion, isotype switching, and up-regulation of cell surface molecules, as well as the generation of memory B cells.

text: ligation

text: leads

text: to

text: B

text: cell

text: activation

text: events

text: such

text: as

text: proliferation,

text: Ig

text: secretion,

text: isotype

text: switching,

text: and

text: up-regulation

text: of

text: cell

text: surface

text: molecules,

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: generation

text: of

text: memory

text: B

text: cells.


text: Mature human lymphocytes are unique targets of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1 alpha,25(OH)2D3) in that vitamin D receptors (VDR) are not constitutively expressed , and specific cellular activation signals are required for both the up-regulation of VDR and establishment of reactivity to the lipophilic ligand.

text: Mature

text: human

text: lymphocytes

text: are

text: unique

text: targets

text: of

text: in

text: that

text: vitamin

text: D

text: receptors

text: (VDR)

text: are

text: not

text: constitutively

text: expressed

text: and

text: specific

text: cellular

text: activation

text: signals

text: are

text: required

text: for

text: both

text: the

text: up-regulation

text: of

text: VDR

text: and

text: establishment

text: of

text: reactivity

text: to

text: the

text: lipophilic

text: ligand.


text: Here we show that when added exogenously to cells, Hsp70 is readily imported into both cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments in a cell-type-specific fashion.

text: Here

text: we

text: show

text: that

text: when

text: added

text: exogenously

text: to

text: cells,

text: is

text: readily

text: imported

text: into

text: both

text: cytoplasmic

text: and

text: nuclear

text: compartments

text: in

text: a

text: cell-type-specific

text: fashion.


text: Influence of estradiol and tamoxifen on susceptibility of human breast cancer cell lines to lysis by lymphokine-activated killer cells.

text: Influence

text: of

text: estradiol

text: and

text: tamoxifen

text: on

text: susceptibility

text: of

text: human

text: breast

text: cancer

text: cell

text: lines

text: to

text: lysis

text: by

text: lymphokine-activated

text: killer

text: cells.


text: Octamer binding factors and their coactivator can activate the murine PU.1 (spi-1) promoter.

text: Octamer

text: binding

text: factors

text: and

text: their

text: coactivator

text: can

text: activate

text: the

text: murine

text: promoter.


text: Toremifene exerts multiple and varied effects on the gene expression of human peripheral mononuclear cells.

text: Toremifene

text: exerts

text: multiple

text: and

text: varied

text: effects

text: on

text: the

text: gene

text: expression

text: of

text: human

text: peripheral

text: mononuclear

text: cells.


text: The predicted periplasmic domain of the PhoQ protein contained a markedly anionic domain that could interact with cationic proteins and that could be responsible for resistance to defensin .

text: The

text: predicted

text: periplasmic

text: domain

text: of

text: the

text: PhoQ

text: protein

text: contained

text: a

text: markedly

text: anionic

text: domain

text: that

text: could

text: interact

text: with

text: cationic

text: proteins

text: and

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: responsible

text: for

text: resistance

text: to

text: defensin


text: Growth of the wing pouch depends on the activity of an organizing center located at the dorsal-ventral (D-V) boundary [40,41].

text: Growth

text: of

text: the

text: wing

text: pouch

text: depends

text: on

text: the

text: activity

text: of

text: an

text: organizing

text: center

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: dorsal-ventral

text: (D-V)

text: boundary


text: Furthermore, PU.1 transactivates the M-CSF receptor promoter in nonmacrophage cells.

text: Furthermore,

text: transactivates

text: the

text: M-CSF

text: receptor

text: promoter

text: in

text: nonmacrophage

text: cells.


text: Anti-CD40 + IL-4-mediated proliferation of PBMC and B cells was inhibited by RA in a dose-dependent manner, with maximal inhibition of 62% ± 5% in PBMC and 55% ± 4.4% in B cells by all-trans RA, and 58% ± 6.7% and 51% ± 4.7%, respectively by 13-cis RA.

text: proliferation

text: of

text: PBMC

text: and

text: B

text: cells

text: was

text: inhibited

text: by

text: RA

text: in

text: a

text: dose-dependent

text: manner,

text: with

text: maximal

text: inhibition

text: of

text: in

text: PBMC

text: and

text: in

text: B

text: cells

text: by

text: all-trans

text: RA,

text: and

text: and

text: respectively

text: by

text: RA.


text: Signal transduction by DR3, a death domain-containing receptor related to TNFR-1 and CD95.

text: Signal

text: transduction

text: by

text: a

text: death

text: domain-containing

text: receptor

text: related

text: to

text: and


text: From these observations we conclude that free thiols in the IL-1RI complex are essential for the activation of the IL-1RI-associated protein kinase and that this process is mandatory for IL-1 signaling leading to NF-kappa B activation.

text: From

text: these

text: observations

text: we

text: conclude

text: that

text: free

text: thiols

text: in

text: the

text: complex

text: are

text: essential

text: for

text: the

text: activation

text: of

text: the

text: protein

text: kinase

text: and

text: that

text: this

text: process

text: is

text: mandatory

text: for

text: signaling

text: leading

text: to

text: NF-kappa

text: B

text: activation.


text: We introduce a new experimental system combining adenovirus-mediated gene transfer and fetal thymic organ culture (FTOC).

text: We

text: introduce

text: a

text: new

text: experimental

text: system

text: combining

text: adenovirus-mediated

text: gene

text: transfer

text: and

text: fetal

text: thymic

text: organ

text: culture

text: (FTOC).


text: Plasma 18-hydroxycorticosterone was also significantly (P less than 0.025) lower (PIH, 1071 ± 149 pmol/L; controls, 1907 ± 318 pmol/L).

text: Plasma

text: was

text: also

text: significantly

text: (P

text: less

text: than

text: lower

text: (PIH,

text: pmol/L;

text: controls,

text: pmol/L).


text: NF-CLE0 gamma binding is induced by PMA/A23187 and is inhibited by treatment with CsA.

text: gamma

text: binding

text: is

text: induced

text: by

text: and

text: is

text: inhibited

text: by

text: treatment

text: with

text: CsA.


text: In these cells, nuclear factors involved in activation of the HIV-1 LTR, which contains the transcriptional control elements of the virus, are unknown.

text: In

text: these

text: cells,

text: nuclear

text: factors

text: involved

text: in

text: activation

text: of

text: the

text: LTR,

text: which

text: contains

text: the

text: transcriptional

text: control

text: elements

text: of

text: the

text: virus,

text: are

text: unknown.