
from copy import deepcopy







class 					lowerCamelCase		:





     def __init__(self				:   Any    ,   _A				:   list[int] | None = None    ,   _A				:   int | None = None       )						->						None:

         if arr is None and size is not None:
             snake_case								= size
             snake_case								= [0] * size
         elif arr is not None:
             self.init(_A       )
         else:
             raise ValueError("Either arr or size must be specified"       )





     def 		UpperCAmelCase(self				:   str    ,   _A				:   list[int]       )						->						None:
         snake_case								= len(_A       )
         snake_case								= deepcopy(_A       )
         for i in range(1    ,   self.size       ):
             snake_case								= self.next_(_A       )
             if j < self.size:
                 self.tree[j] += self.tree[i]





     def 		UpperCAmelCase(self				:   Optional[int]       )						->						list[int]:
         snake_case								= self.tree[:]
         for i in range(self.size - 1    ,   0    ,   -1       ):
             snake_case								= self.next_(_A       )
             if j < self.size:
                 arr[j] -= arr[i]
         return arr





     @staticmethod
     def 		UpperCAmelCase(_A				:   int       )						->						int:
         return index + (index & (-index))





     @staticmethod
     def 		UpperCAmelCase(_A				:   int       )						->						int:
         return index - (index & (-index))





     def 		UpperCAmelCase(self				:   Optional[int]    ,   _A				:   int    ,   _A				:   int       )						->						None:
         if index == 0:
             self.tree[0] += value
             return
         while index < self.size:
             self.tree[index] += value
             snake_case								= self.next_(_A       )





     def 		UpperCAmelCase(self				:   Union[str, Any]    ,   _A				:   int    ,   _A				:   int       )						->						None:
         self.add(_A    ,   value - self.get(_A       )       )





     def 		UpperCAmelCase(self				:   Optional[Any]    ,   _A				:   int       )						->						int:
         if right == 0:
             return 0
         snake_case								= self.tree[0]
         right -= 1  # make right inclusive
         while right > 0:
             result += self.tree[right]
             snake_case								= self.prev(_A       )
         return result





     def 		UpperCAmelCase(self				:   List[Any]    ,   _A				:   int    ,   _A				:   int       )						->						int:
         return self.prefix(_A       ) - self.prefix(_A       )





     def 		UpperCAmelCase(self				:   Tuple    ,   _A				:   int       )						->						int:
         return self.query(_A    ,   index + 1       )





     def 		UpperCAmelCase(self				:   Optional[Any]    ,   _A				:   int       )						->						int:
         value -= self.tree[0]
         if value < 0:
             return -1

         snake_case								= 1  # Largest power of 2 <= size
         while j * 2 < self.size:
             j *= 2

         snake_case								= 0

         while j > 0:
             if i + j < self.size and self.tree[i + j] <= value:
                 value -= self.tree[i + j]
                 i += j
             j //= 2
         return i


if __name__ == "__main__":
   import doctest

   doctest.testmod()



from operator import delitem, getitem, setitem

import pytest

from data_structures.hashing.hash_map import HashMap



def 						lowercase_      (       A__		)							->							str:
    """simple docstring"""

    return getitem, k



def 						lowercase_      (       A__			,		A__		)							->							str:
    """simple docstring"""

    return setitem, k, v



def 						lowercase_      (       A__		)							->							List[Any]:
    """simple docstring"""

    return delitem, k



def 						lowercase_      (       A__			,		A__			,		*A__		)							->							str:
    """simple docstring"""

    try:
        return fun(A__			,		*A__		), None
    except Exception as e:
        return None, e


_A   =			(
    _set("key_a", "val_a"),
    _set("key_b", "val_b"),
)

_A   =			[
    _set("key_a", "val_a"),
    _set("key_a", "val_b"),
]

_A   =			[
    _set("key_a", "val_a"),
    _set("key_b", "val_b"),
    _del("key_a"),
    _del("key_b"),
    _set("key_a", "val_a"),
    _del("key_a"),
]

_A   =			[
    _get("key_a"),
    _del("key_a"),
    _set("key_a", "val_a"),
    _del("key_a"),
    _del("key_a"),
    _get("key_a"),
]

_A   =			[
    *[_set(x, x) for x in range(5)],  # guaranteed upsize
]

_A   =			[
    *[_set(x, x) for x in range(5)],  # guaranteed upsize
    *[_del(x) for x in range(5)],
    _set("key_a", "val_b"),
]



@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "operations"			,		(
        pytest.param(_add_items			,		id="add items"		),
        pytest.param(_overwrite_items			,		id="overwrite items"		),
        pytest.param(_delete_items			,		id="delete items"		),
        pytest.param(_access_absent_items			,		id="access absent items"		),
        pytest.param(_add_with_resize_up			,		id="add with resize up"		),
        pytest.param(_add_with_resize_down			,		id="add with resize down"		),
    )			,		)
def 						lowercase_      (       A__		)							->							List[Any]:
    """simple docstring"""

    snake_case								= HashMap(initial_block_size=4		)
    snake_case								= {}
    for _, (fun, *args) in enumerate(A__		):
        snake_case					,							snake_case								= _run_operation(A__			,		A__			,		*A__		)
        snake_case					,							snake_case								= _run_operation(A__			,		A__			,		*A__		)
        assert my_res == py_res
        assert str(A__		) == str(A__		)
        assert set(A__		) == set(A__		)
        assert len(A__		) == len(A__		)
        assert set(my.items()		) == set(py.items()		)





def 						lowercase_      (       )							->							Optional[int]:
    """simple docstring"""

    def is_public(A__		) -> bool:
        return not name.startswith("_"		)

    snake_case								= {name for name in dir({}		) if is_public(A__		)}
    snake_case								= {name for name in dir(HashMap()		) if is_public(A__		)}

    assert dict_public_names > hash_public_names

