
from __future__ import annotations

from scipy.special import comb  # type: ignore





class 							UpperCAmelCase				:




			'''simple docstring'''





			def __init__(	self :			Dict							,A :			list[tuple[float, float]]			):
							__A             =			list_of_points
							# Degree determines the flexibility of the curve.
							# Degree = 1 will produce a straight line.
							__A             =			len(A			) - 1






			def     UpperCamelCase_  (	self :			Any							,A :			float			):
							assert 0 <= t <= 1, "Time t must be between 0 and 1."
							__A             =			[]
							for i in range(len(self.list_of_points			)			):
											# basis function for each i
											output_values.append(
											    comb(self.degree							,A			) * ((1 - t) ** (self.degree - i)) * (t**i)			)
							# the basis must sum up to 1 for it to produce a valid Bezier curve.
							assert round(sum(A			)							,5			) == 1
							return output_values






			def     UpperCamelCase_  (	self :			Union[str, Any]							,A :			float			):
							assert 0 <= t <= 1, "Time t must be between 0 and 1."

							__A             =			self.basis_function(A			)
							__A             =			0.0
							__A             =			0.0
							for i in range(len(self.list_of_points			)			):
											# For all points, sum up the product of i-th basis function and i-th point.
											x += basis_function[i] * self.list_of_points[i][0]
											y += basis_function[i] * self.list_of_points[i][1]
							return (x, y)







			def     UpperCamelCase_  (	self :			Optional[int]							,A :			float = 0.01			):
							from matplotlib import pyplot as plt  # type: ignore

							__A             =			[]  # x coordinates of points to plot
							__A             =			[]  # y coordinates of points to plot

							__A             =			0.0
							while t <= 1:
											__A             =			self.bezier_curve_function(A			)
											to_plot_x.append(value[0]			)
											to_plot_y.append(value[1]			)
											t += step_size

							__A             =			[i[0] for i in self.list_of_points]
							__A             =			[i[1] for i in self.list_of_points]

							plt.plot(
							    A							,A							,color="blue"							,label="Curve of Degree " + str(self.degree			)							,)
							plt.scatter(A							,A							,color="red"							,label="Control Points"			)
							plt.legend()
							plt.show()


if __name__ == "__main__":
					import doctest

					doctest.testmod()

					BezierCurve([(1, 2), (3, 5)]).plot_curve()  # degree 1
					BezierCurve([(0, 0), (5, 5), (5, 0)]).plot_curve()  # degree 2
					BezierCurve([(0, 0), (5, 5), (5, 0), (2.5, -2.5)]).plot_curve()  # degree 3


from math import log

from scipy.constants import Boltzmann, physical_constants

SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE							:Dict										=    300  # TEMPERATURE (unit = K)


def 						UpperCAmelCase      (     a_		,       a_		,       a_		,       )		->     float:







				"""simple docstring"""



				if donor_conc <= 0:
								raise ValueError("Donor concentration should be positive"						)
				elif acceptor_conc <= 0:
								raise ValueError("Acceptor concentration should be positive"						)
				elif intrinsic_conc <= 0:
								raise ValueError("Intrinsic concentration should be positive"						)
				elif donor_conc <= intrinsic_conc:
								raise ValueError(
								    "Donor concentration should be greater than intrinsic concentration"						)
				elif acceptor_conc <= intrinsic_conc:
								raise ValueError(
								    "Acceptor concentration should be greater than intrinsic concentration"						)
				else:
								return (
								    Boltzmann
								    * T
								    * log((donor_conc * acceptor_conc) / intrinsic_conc**2						)
								    / physical_constants["electron volt"][0]
								)


if __name__ == "__main__":
					import doctest

					doctest.testmod()
