"""simple docstring"""




from copy import deepcopy
class 						__A							:






     def __init__(		self    ,					a__ = None    ,					a__ = None  ):

       if arr is None and size is not None:
         _lowerCAmelCase						:	List[Any]        =					size
         _lowerCAmelCase						:	List[str]        =					[0] * size
       elif arr is not None:
         self.init(a__  )
       else:
         raise ValueError("""Either arr or size must be specified"""  )






     def    __A  (		self    ,					a__  ):
       _lowerCAmelCase						:	int        =					len(a__  )
       _lowerCAmelCase						:	str        =					deepcopy(a__  )
       for i in range(1    ,					self.size  ):
         _lowerCAmelCase						:	Union[str, Any]        =					self.next_(a__  )
         if j < self.size:
           self.tree[j] += self.tree[i]






     def    __A  (		self  ):
       _lowerCAmelCase						:	Optional[Any]        =					self.tree[:]
       for i in range(self.size - 1    ,					0    ,					-1  ):
         _lowerCAmelCase						:	Tuple        =					self.next_(a__  )
         if j < self.size:
           arr[j] -= arr[i]
       return arr






     @staticmethod
     def    __A  (		a__  ):
       return index + (index & (-index))






     @staticmethod
     def    __A  (		a__  ):
       return index - (index & (-index))






     def    __A  (		self    ,					a__    ,					a__  ):
       if index == 0:
         self.tree[0] += value
         return
       while index < self.size:
         self.tree[index] += value
         _lowerCAmelCase						:	Optional[Any]        =					self.next_(a__  )






     def    __A  (		self    ,					a__    ,					a__  ):
       self.add(a__    ,					value - self.get(a__  )  )






     def    __A  (		self    ,					a__  ):
       if right == 0:
         return 0
       _lowerCAmelCase						:	Dict        =					self.tree[0]
       right -= 1  # make right inclusive
       while right > 0:
         result += self.tree[right]
         _lowerCAmelCase						:	Optional[Any]        =					self.prev(a__  )
       return result






     def    __A  (		self    ,					a__    ,					a__  ):
       return self.prefix(a__  ) - self.prefix(a__  )






     def    __A  (		self    ,					a__  ):
       return self.query(a__    ,					index + 1  )






     def    __A  (		self    ,					a__  ):
       value -= self.tree[0]
       if value < 0:
         return -1

       _lowerCAmelCase						:	Tuple        =					1  # Largest power of 2 <= size
       while j * 2 < self.size:
         j *= 2

       _lowerCAmelCase						:	int        =					0

       while j > 0:
         if i + j < self.size and self.tree[i + j] <= value:
           value -= self.tree[i + j]
           i += j
         j //= 2
       return i


if __name__ == "__main__":
     import doctest

     doctest.testmod()





"""simple docstring"""




import socket





def 							SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					(      )	->				str:
  _lowerCAmelCase						:	Optional[int]        =					socket.socket(socket.AF_INET      ,socket.SOCK_STREAM     )
  _lowerCAmelCase						:	Optional[int]        =					socket.gethostname()
  _lowerCAmelCase						:	Tuple        =					12312

  sock.connect((host, port)     )
  sock.send(b"""Hello server!"""     )

  with open("""Received_file"""      ,"""wb"""     ) as out_file:
    print("""File opened"""     )
    print("""Receiving data..."""     )
    while True:
      _lowerCAmelCase						:	List[Any]        =					sock.recv(1024     )
      if not data:
        break
      out_file.write(_lowerCamelCase     )

  print("""Successfully received the file"""     )
  sock.close()
  print("""Connection closed"""     )


if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()




