Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/pod-single-configmap-env-variable.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]

Response:
      env:
        # Define the environment variable
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              # The ConfigMap containing the value you want to assign to SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
              name: special-config
              # Specify the key associated with the value
              key: special.how
  restartPolicy: Never

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/pod-single-configmap-env-variable.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      env:
        # Define the environment variable
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              # The ConfigMap containing the value you want to assign to SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
              name: special-config
              # Specify the key associated with the value
              key: special.how
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]

Response:
      env:
        # Define the environment variable
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              # The ConfigMap containing the value you want to assign to SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
              name: special-config
              # Specify the key associated with the value
              key: special.how
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      env:
        # Define the environment variable
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              # The ConfigMap containing the value you want to assign to SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
              name: special-config
              # Specify the key associated with the value
              key: special.how
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/pods/pod-single-configmap-env-variable.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Now, the Pod's output includes environment variable SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY=very.

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Now, the Pod's output includes environment variable SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY=very.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

configmap/configmaps.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  special.how: very

Response:
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: env-config
  namespace: default
data:
  log_level: INFO

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

configmap/configmaps.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  special.how: very
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: env-config
  namespace: default
data:
  log_level: INFO

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  special.how: very

Response:
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: env-config
  namespace: default
data:
  log_level: INFO


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  special.how: very
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: env-config
  namespace: default
data:
  log_level: INFO

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/configmap/configmaps.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Define the environment variables in the Pod specification.

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Define the environment variables in the Pod specification.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/pod-multiple-configmap-env-variable.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      env:

Response:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: special.how
        - name: LOG_LEVEL
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: env-config
              key: log_level
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/pod-multiple-configmap-env-variable.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      env:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: special.how
        - name: LOG_LEVEL
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: env-config
              key: log_level
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      env:

Response:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: special.how
        - name: LOG_LEVEL
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: env-config
              key: log_level
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      env:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: special.how
        - name: LOG_LEVEL
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: env-config
              key: log_level
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/pods/pod-multiple-configmap-env-variable.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Now, the Pod's output includes environment variables SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY=very and LOG_LEVEL=INFO.

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Now, the Pod's output includes environment variables SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY=very and LOG_LEVEL=INFO.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl delete pod dapi-test-pod --now
kubectl delete configmap special-config
kubectl delete configmap env-config

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create a ConfigMap containing multiple key-value pairs.

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create a ConfigMap containing multiple key-value pairs.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

configmap/configmap-multikeys.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:

Response:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
  SPECIAL_TYPE: charm


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

configmap/configmap-multikeys.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
  SPECIAL_TYPE: charm

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config

Response:
  namespace: default
data:
  SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
  SPECIAL_TYPE: charm


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
  SPECIAL_TYPE: charm

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/configmap/configmap-multikeys.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Use envFrom to define all of the ConfigMap's data as container environment variables. The key from the ConfigMap becomes the environment variable name in the Pod.

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Use envFrom to define all of the ConfigMap's data as container environment variables. The key from the ConfigMap becomes the environment variable name in the Pod.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/pod-configmap-envFrom.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:

Response:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      envFrom:
      - configMapRef:
          name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/pod-configmap-envFrom.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      envFrom:
      - configMapRef:
          name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:

Response:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      envFrom:
      - configMapRef:
          name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
      envFrom:
      - configMapRef:
          name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/pods/pod-configmap-envFrom.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Now, the Pod's output includes environment variables SPECIAL_LEVEL=very and SPECIAL_TYPE=charm.

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Now, the Pod's output includes environment variables SPECIAL_LEVEL=very and SPECIAL_TYPE=charm.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/pod-configmap-env-var-valueFrom.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/echo", "$(SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY) $(SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY)" ]
      env:

Response:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
        - name: SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_TYPE
  restartPolicy: Never

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create that Pod, by running:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/pod-configmap-env-var-valueFrom.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/echo", "$(SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY) $(SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY)" ]
      env:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
        - name: SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_TYPE
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create that Pod, by running:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/echo", "$(SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY) $(SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY)" ]
      env:

Response:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
        - name: SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_TYPE
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/echo", "$(SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY) $(SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY)" ]
      env:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
        - name: SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: special-config
              key: SPECIAL_TYPE
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create that Pod, by running:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/pods/pod-configmap-env-var-valueFrom.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | That pod produces the following output from the test-container container:

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | That pod produces the following output from the test-container container:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

configmap/configmap-multikeys.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:

Response:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
  SPECIAL_TYPE: charm


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

configmap/configmap-multikeys.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
  SPECIAL_TYPE: charm

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config

Response:
  namespace: default
data:
  SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
  SPECIAL_TYPE: charm


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: special-config
  namespace: default
data:
  SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
  SPECIAL_TYPE: charm

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/configmap/configmap-multikeys.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Add the ConfigMap name under the volumes section of the Pod specification. This adds the ConfigMap data to the directory specified as volumeMounts.mountPath (in this case, /etc/config). The command se

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Add the ConfigMap name under the volumes section of the Pod specification. This adds the ConfigMap data to the directory specified as volumeMounts.mountPath (in this case, /etc/config). The command se


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/pod-configmap-volume.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config/" ]

Response:
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        # Provide the name of the ConfigMap containing the files you want
        # to add to the container
        name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/pod-configmap-volume.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config/" ]
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        # Provide the name of the ConfigMap containing the files you want
        # to add to the container
        name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config/" ]

Response:
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        # Provide the name of the ConfigMap containing the files you want
        # to add to the container
        name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config/" ]
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        # Provide the name of the ConfigMap containing the files you want
        # to add to the container
        name: special-config
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/pods/pod-configmap-volume.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | When the pod runs, the command ls /etc/config/ produces the output below:

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | When the pod runs, the command ls /etc/config/ produces the output below:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/pod-configmap-volume-specific-key.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh","-c","cat /etc/config/keys" ]

Response:
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: special-config
        items:
        - key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
          path: keys
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/pod-configmap-volume-specific-key.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh","-c","cat /etc/config/keys" ]
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: special-config
        items:
        - key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
          path: keys
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh","-c","cat /etc/config/keys" ]
      volumeMounts:

Response:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: special-config
        items:
        - key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
          path: keys
  restartPolicy: Never


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: registry.k8s.io/busybox:1.27.2
      command: [ "/bin/sh","-c","cat /etc/config/keys" ]
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: special-config
        items:
        - key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
          path: keys
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/pods/pod-configmap-volume-specific-key.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | When the pod runs, the command cat /etc/config/keys produces the output below:

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | When the pod runs, the command cat /etc/config/keys produces the output below:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: 2016-02-18T19:14:38Z
  name: example-config
  namespace: default
data:

Response:
  # example of a simple property defined using --from-literal
  example.property.1: hello
  example.property.2: world
  # example of a complex property defined using --from-file
  example.property.file: |-
    property.1=value-1
    property.2=value-2
    property.3=value-3

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | When kubectl creates a ConfigMap from inputs that are not ASCII or UTF-8, the tool puts these into the binaryData field of the ConfigMap, and not in data. Both text and binary data sources can be comb


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: 2016-02-18T19:14:38Z
  name: example-config
  namespace: default
data:
  # example of a simple property defined using --from-literal
  example.property.1: hello
  example.property.2: world
  # example of a complex property defined using --from-file
  example.property.file: |-
    property.1=value-1
    property.2=value-2
    property.3=value-3

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | When kubectl creates a ConfigMap from inputs that are not ASCII or UTF-8, the tool puts these into the binaryData field of the ConfigMap, and not in data. Both text and binary data sources can be comb


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: gcr.io/google_containers/busybox

Response:
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "env"]
      env:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: a-config
              key: akey
              optional: true # mark the variable as optional
  restartPolicy: Never

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | If you run this pod, and there is no ConfigMap named a-config, the output is empty. If you run this pod, and there is a ConfigMap named a-config but that ConfigMap doesn't have a key named akey, the o


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "env"]
      env:
        - name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: a-config
              key: akey
              optional: true # mark the variable as optional
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | If you run this pod, and there is no ConfigMap named a-config, the output is empty. If you run this pod, and there is a ConfigMap named a-config but that ConfigMap doesn't have a key named akey, the o


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config"]

Response:
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: no-config
        optional: true # mark the source ConfigMap as optional
  restartPolicy: Never

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | You must create the ConfigMap object before you reference it in a Pod specification. Alternatively, mark the ConfigMap reference as optional in the Pod spec (see Optional ConfigMaps). If you reference


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test-container
      image: gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config"]
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /etc/config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: no-config
        optional: true # mark the source ConfigMap as optional
  restartPolicy: Never

Response: This yaml code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | You must create the ConfigMap object before you reference it in a Pod specification. Alternatively, mark the ConfigMap reference as optional in the Pod spec (see Optional ConfigMaps). If you reference


Prompt:
Complete this bash code:

kubectl delete configmaps/game-config configmaps/game-config-2 configmaps/game-config-3 \
               configmaps/game-config-env-file
kubectl delete pod dapi-test-pod --now

Response:
# You might already have removed the next set
kubectl delete configmaps/special-config configmaps/env-config
kubectl delete configmap -l 'game-config in (config-4,config-5)'

Context: 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Remove the kustomization.yaml file that you used to generate the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl delete configmaps/game-config configmaps/game-config-2 configmaps/game-config-3 \
               configmaps/game-config-env-file
kubectl delete pod dapi-test-pod --now

# You might already have removed the next set
kubectl delete configmaps/special-config configmaps/env-config
kubectl delete configmap -l 'game-config in (config-4,config-5)'

Response: This bash code 3.22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Remove the kustomization.yaml file that you used to generate the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/share-process-namespace.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  shareProcessNamespace: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx

Response:
    image: nginx
  - name: shell
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ["sleep", "3600"]
    securityContext:
      capabilities:
        add:
        - SYS_PTRACE
    stdin: true
    tty: true

Context: 3.23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Create the pod nginx on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/share-process-namespace.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  shareProcessNamespace: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
  - name: shell
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ["sleep", "3600"]
    securityContext:
      capabilities:
        add:
        - SYS_PTRACE
    stdin: true
    tty: true

Response: This yaml code 3.23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Create the pod nginx on your cluster:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  shareProcessNamespace: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx

Response:
  - name: shell
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ["sleep", "3600"]
    securityContext:
      capabilities:
        add:
        - SYS_PTRACE
    stdin: true
    tty: true


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  shareProcessNamespace: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
  - name: shell
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ["sleep", "3600"]
    securityContext:
      capabilities:
        add:
        - SYS_PTRACE
    stdin: true
    tty: true

Response: This yaml code 3.23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Create the pod nginx on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/share-process-namespace.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Attach to the shell container and run ps:

Context: 3.23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Attach to the shell container and run ps:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# run this inside the "shell" container
kill -HUP 8   # change "8" to match the PID of the nginx leader process, if necessary
ps ax

Response: This text code 3.23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | The output is similar to this:

Context: 3.23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# run this inside the "shell" container
# change "8" to the PID of the Nginx process, if necessary
head /proc/8/root/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Response: This text code 3.23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/user-namespaces-stateless.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: userns

Response:
spec:
  hostUsers: false
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian

Context: 3.24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/user-namespaces-stateless.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: userns
spec:
  hostUsers: false
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian

Response: This yaml code 3.24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: userns
spec:

Response:
  hostUsers: false
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: userns
spec:
  hostUsers: false
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian

Response: This yaml code 3.24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/user-namespaces-stateless.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Exec into the pod and run readlink /proc/self/ns/user:

Context: 3.24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Exec into the pod and run readlink /proc/self/ns/user:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/image-volumes.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]

Response:
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

Context: 3.25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/image-volumes.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

Response: This yaml code 3.25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]

Response:
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

Response: This yaml code 3.25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/image-volumes.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Attach to the container:

Context: 3.25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Attach to the container:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/image-volumes-subpath.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]

Response:
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
      subPath: dir
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/image-volumes-subpath.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
      subPath: dir
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

Response: This yaml code 3.25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian

Response:
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
      subPath: dir
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
      subPath: dir
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

Response: This yaml code 3.25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/image-volumes-subpath.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Attach to the container:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

# Run this command on the node where kubelet is running
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
cat <<EOF >/etc/kubernetes/manifests/static-web.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: static-web
  labels:
    role: myrole

Response:
spec:
  containers:
    - name: web
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - name: web
          containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
EOF

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | Configure the kubelet on that node to set a staticPodPath value in the kubelet configuration file.See Set Kubelet Parameters Via A Configuration File for more information.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

# Run this command on the node where kubelet is running
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
cat <<EOF >/etc/kubernetes/manifests/static-web.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: static-web
  labels:
    role: myrole
spec:
  containers:
    - name: web
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - name: web
          containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
EOF

Response: This yaml code 3.26 - Create static Pods | Configure the kubelet on that node to set a staticPodPath value in the kubelet configuration file.See Set Kubelet Parameters Via A Configuration File for more information.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run this command on the node where the kubelet is running
systemctl restart kubelet

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | Kubelet periodically downloads a file specified by --manifest-url=<URL> argument and interprets it as a JSON/YAML file that contains Pod definitions. Similar to how filesystem-hosted manifests work, t

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | Kubelet periodically downloads a file specified by --manifest-url=<URL> argument and interprets it as a JSON/YAML file that contains Pod definitions. Similar to how filesystem-hosted manifests work, t


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: static-web
  labels:
    role: myrole
spec:

Response:
  containers:
    - name: web
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - name: web
          containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | Configure the kubelet on your selected node to use this web manifest by running it with --manifest-url=<manifest-url>. On Fedora, edit /etc/kubernetes/kubelet to include this line:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: static-web
  labels:
    role: myrole
spec:
  containers:
    - name: web
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - name: web
          containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP

Response: This yaml code 3.26 - Create static Pods | Configure the kubelet on your selected node to use this web manifest by running it with --manifest-url=<manifest-url>. On Fedora, edit /etc/kubernetes/kubelet to include this line:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

KUBELET_ARGS="--cluster-dns=10.254.0.10 --cluster-domain=kube.local --manifest-url=<manifest-url>"

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | Restart the kubelet. On Fedora, you would run:

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | Restart the kubelet. On Fedora, you would run:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run this command on the node where the kubelet is running
systemctl restart kubelet

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | When the kubelet starts, it automatically starts all defined static Pods. As you have defined a static Pod and restarted the kubelet, the new static Pod should already be running.

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | When the kubelet starts, it automatically starts all defined static Pods. As you have defined a static Pod and restarted the kubelet, the new static Pod should already be running.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run this command on the node where the kubelet is running
crictl ps

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | The output might be something like:

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | The output might be something like:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

CONTAINER       IMAGE                                 CREATED           STATE      NAME    ATTEMPT    POD ID
129fd7d382018   docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:...    11 minutes ago    Running    web     0          34533c6729106

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | You can see the mirror Pod on the API server:

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | You can see the mirror Pod on the API server:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# Run these commands on the node where the kubelet is running
crictl stop 129fd7d382018 # replace with the ID of your container

Response:
sleep 20
crictl ps

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | Once you identify the right container, you can get the logs for that container with crictl:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run these commands on the node where the kubelet is running
crictl stop 129fd7d382018 # replace with the ID of your container
sleep 20
crictl ps

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | Once you identify the right container, you can get the logs for that container with crictl:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

CONTAINER       IMAGE                                 CREATED           STATE      NAME    ATTEMPT    POD ID
89db4553e1eeb   docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:...    19 seconds ago    Running    web     1          34533c6729106

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | Once you identify the right container, you can get the logs for that container with crictl:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run these commands on the node where the container is running
crictl logs <container_id>

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | To find more about how to debug using crictl, please visit Debugging Kubernetes nodes with crictl.

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | To find more about how to debug using crictl, please visit Debugging Kubernetes nodes with crictl.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

10.240.0.48 - - [16/Nov/2022:12:45:49 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
10.240.0.48 - - [16/Nov/2022:12:45:50 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
10.240.0.48 - - [16/Nove/2022:12:45:51 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | To find more about how to debug using crictl, please visit Debugging Kubernetes nodes with crictl.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# This assumes you are using filesystem-hosted static Pod configuration
# Run these commands on the node where the container is running
#
mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/static-web.yaml /tmp
sleep 20

Response:
crictl ps
# You see that no nginx container is running
mv /tmp/static-web.yaml  /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
sleep 20
crictl ps

Context: 3.26 - Create static Pods | What's Kompose? It's a conversion tool for all things compose (namely Docker Compose) to container orchestrators (Kubernetes or OpenShift).


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This assumes you are using filesystem-hosted static Pod configuration
# Run these commands on the node where the container is running
#
mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/static-web.yaml /tmp
sleep 20
crictl ps
# You see that no nginx container is running
mv /tmp/static-web.yaml  /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
sleep 20
crictl ps

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | What's Kompose? It's a conversion tool for all things compose (namely Docker Compose) to container orchestrators (Kubernetes or OpenShift).


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

CONTAINER       IMAGE                                 CREATED           STATE      NAME    ATTEMPT    POD ID
f427638871c35   docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:...    19 seconds ago    Running    web     1          34533c6729106

Response: This text code 3.26 - Create static Pods | What's Kompose? It's a conversion tool for all things compose (namely Docker Compose) to container orchestrators (Kubernetes or OpenShift).


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# Linux
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-linux-amd64 -o kompose

# macOS
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-darwin-amd64 -o kompose

Response:
# Windows
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-windows-amd64.exe -o kompose.exe

chmod +x kompose
sudo mv ./kompose /usr/local/bin/kompose

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Alternatively, you can download the tarball.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Linux
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-linux-amd64 -o kompose

# macOS
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-darwin-amd64 -o kompose

# Windows
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-windows-amd64.exe -o kompose.exe

chmod +x kompose
sudo mv ./kompose /usr/local/bin/kompose

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Alternatively, you can download the tarball.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

services:

  redis-leader:
    container_name: redis-leader
    image: redis
    ports:
      - "6379"

  redis-replica:
    container_name: redis-replica
    image: redis
    ports:

Response:
      - "6379"
    command: redis-server --replicaof redis-leader 6379 --dir /tmp

  web:
    container_name: web
    image: quay.io/kompose/web
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    environment:
      - GET_HOSTS_FROM=dns
    labels:
      kompose.service.type: LoadBalancer

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | To convert the docker-compose.yml file to files that you can use with kubectl, run kompose convert and then kubectl apply -f <output file>.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

services:

  redis-leader:
    container_name: redis-leader
    image: redis
    ports:
      - "6379"

  redis-replica:
    container_name: redis-replica
    image: redis
    ports:
      - "6379"
    command: redis-server --replicaof redis-leader 6379 --dir /tmp

  web:
    container_name: web
    image: quay.io/kompose/web
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    environment:
      - GET_HOSTS_FROM=dns
    labels:
      kompose.service.type: LoadBalancer

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | To convert the docker-compose.yml file to files that you can use with kubectl, run kompose convert and then kubectl apply -f <output file>.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f web-tcp-service.yaml,redis-leader-service.yaml,redis-replica-service.yaml,web-deployment.yaml,redis-leader-deployment.yaml,redis-replica-deployment.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The output is similar to:

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The output is similar to:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl delete -f web-tcp-service.yaml,redis-leader-service.yaml,redis-replica-service.yaml,web-deployment.yaml,redis-leader-deployment.yaml,redis-replica-deployment.yaml

Response: This bash code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Kompose has support for two providers: OpenShift and Kubernetes. You can choose a targeted provider using global option --provider. If no provider is specified, Kubernetes is set by default.

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Kompose has support for two providers: OpenShift and Kubernetes. You can choose a targeted provider using global option --provider. If no provider is specified, Kubernetes is set by default.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-guestbook.yml convert

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | When multiple docker-compose files are provided the configuration is merged. Any configuration that is common will be overridden by subsequent file.

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | When multiple docker-compose files are provided the configuration is merged. Any configuration that is common will be overridden by subsequent file.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose --provider openshift --file docker-voting.yml convert

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | It also supports creating buildconfig for build directive in a service. By default, it uses the remote repo for the current git branch as the source repo, and the current branch as the source branch f

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | It also supports creating buildconfig for build directive in a service. By default, it uses the remote repo for the current git branch as the source repo, and the current branch as the source branch f


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose --provider openshift --file buildconfig/docker-compose.yml convert

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The default kompose transformation will generate Kubernetes Deployments and Services, in yaml format. You have alternative option to generate json with -j. Also, you can alternatively generate Replica

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The default kompose transformation will generate Kubernetes Deployments and Services, in yaml format. You have alternative option to generate json with -j. Also, you can alternatively generate Replica


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

kompose convert -j
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.json" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-deployment.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-deployment.json" created

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-deployment.json files contain the Deployment objects.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose convert -j
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-deployment.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-deployment.json" created

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-deployment.json files contain the Deployment objects.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

kompose convert --replication-controller
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-replicationcontroller.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-replicationcontroller.yaml" created

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-replicationcontroller.yaml files contain the Replication Controller objects. If you want to specify replicas (default is 1), use --replicas flag: kompose convert --replication-controller --repli


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose convert --replication-controller
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-replicationcontroller.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-replicationcontroller.yaml" created

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-replicationcontroller.yaml files contain the Replication Controller objects. If you want to specify replicas (default is 1), use --replicas flag: kompose convert --replication-controller --repli


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

kompose convert --daemon-set
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-daemonset.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-daemonset.yaml" created

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-daemonset.yaml files contain the DaemonSet objects.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose convert --daemon-set
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-daemonset.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-daemonset.yaml" created

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-daemonset.yaml files contain the DaemonSet objects.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

version: "2"
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx
    dockerfile: foobar

Response:
    build: ./foobar
    cap_add:
      - ALL
    container_name: foobar
    labels:
      kompose.service.type: nodeport

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | kompose.service.expose defines if the service needs to be made accessible from outside the cluster or not. If the value is set to "true", the provider sets the endpoint automatically, and for any othe


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

version: "2"
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx
    dockerfile: foobar
    build: ./foobar
    cap_add:
      - ALL
    container_name: foobar
    labels:
      kompose.service.type: nodeport

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | kompose.service.expose defines if the service needs to be made accessible from outside the cluster or not. If the value is set to "true", the provider sets the endpoint automatically, and for any othe


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

version: "2"
services:
  web:
    image: tuna/docker-counter23
    ports:
    - "5000:5000"
    links:

Response:
    - redis
    labels:
      kompose.service.expose: "counter.example.com"
  redis:
    image: redis:3.0
    ports:
    - "6379"

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The currently supported options are:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

version: "2"
services:
  web:
    image: tuna/docker-counter23
    ports:
    - "5000:5000"
    links:
    - redis
    labels:
      kompose.service.expose: "counter.example.com"
  redis:
    image: redis:3.0
    ports:
    - "6379"

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The currently supported options are:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

version: '2'

services:

Response:
  pival:
    image: perl
    command: ["perl",  "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
    restart: "on-failure"

Context: 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | If the Docker Compose file has a volume specified for a service, the Deployment (Kubernetes) or DeploymentConfig (OpenShift) strategy is changed to "Recreate" instead of "RollingUpdate" (default). Thi


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

version: '2'

services:
  pival:
    image: perl
    command: ["perl",  "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
    restart: "on-failure"

Response: This text code 3.27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | If the Docker Compose file has a volume specified for a service, the Deployment (Kubernetes) or DeploymentConfig (OpenShift) strategy is changed to "Recreate" instead of "RollingUpdate" (default). Thi


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apiserver.config.k8s.io/v1
kind: AdmissionConfiguration
plugins:
- name: PodSecurity
  configuration:
    apiVersion: pod-security.admission.config.k8s.io/v1 # see compatibility note
    kind: PodSecurityConfiguration
    # Defaults applied when a mode label is not set.
    #
    # Level label values must be one of:
    # - "privileged" (default)
    # - "baseline"
    # - "restricted"
    #
    # Version label values must be one of:

Response:
    # - "latest" (default)
    # - specific version like "v1.34"
    defaults:
      enforce: "privileged"
      enforce-version: "latest"
      audit: "privileged"
      audit-version: "latest"
      warn: "privileged"
      warn-version: "latest"
    exemptions:
      # Array of authenticated usernames to exempt.
      usernames: []
      # Array of runtime class names to exempt.
      runtimeClasses: []
      # Array of namespaces to exempt.
      namespaces: []

Context: 3.28 - Enforce Pod Security Standards by Configuring the Built-in Admission Controller | Namespaces can be labeled to enforce the Pod Security Standards. The three policies privileged, baseline and restricted broadly cover the security spectrum and are implemented by the Pod Security admi


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apiserver.config.k8s.io/v1
kind: AdmissionConfiguration
plugins:
- name: PodSecurity
  configuration:
    apiVersion: pod-security.admission.config.k8s.io/v1 # see compatibility note
    kind: PodSecurityConfiguration
    # Defaults applied when a mode label is not set.
    #
    # Level label values must be one of:
    # - "privileged" (default)
    # - "baseline"
    # - "restricted"
    #
    # Version label values must be one of:
    # - "latest" (default)
    # - specific version like "v1.34"
    defaults:
      enforce: "privileged"
      enforce-version: "latest"
      audit: "privileged"
      audit-version: "latest"
      warn: "privileged"
      warn-version: "latest"
    exemptions:
      # Array of authenticated usernames to exempt.
      usernames: []
      # Array of runtime class names to exempt.
      runtimeClasses: []
      # Array of namespaces to exempt.
      namespaces: []

Response: This yaml code 3.28 - Enforce Pod Security Standards by Configuring the Built-in Admission Controller | Namespaces can be labeled to enforce the Pod Security Standards. The three policies privileged, baseline and restricted broadly cover the security spectrum and are implemented by the Pod Security admi


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: my-baseline-namespace
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: baseline

Response:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version: v1.34

    # We are setting these to our _desired_ `enforce` level.
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit: restricted
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit-version: v1.34
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn: restricted
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn-version: v1.34

Context: 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | It is helpful to apply the --dry-run flag when initially evaluating security profile changes for namespaces. The Pod Security Standard checks will still be run in dry run mode, giving you information


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: my-baseline-namespace
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: baseline
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version: v1.34

    # We are setting these to our _desired_ `enforce` level.
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit: restricted
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit-version: v1.34
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn: restricted
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn-version: v1.34

Response: This yaml code 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | It is helpful to apply the --dry-run flag when initially evaluating security profile changes for namespaces. The Pod Security Standard checks will still be run in dry run mode, giving you information


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --dry-run=server --overwrite ns --all \
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=baseline

Response: This bash code 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | If you're just getting started with the Pod Security Standards, a suitable first step would be to configure all namespaces with audit annotations for a stricter level such as baseline:

Context: 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | If you're just getting started with the Pod Security Standards, a suitable first step would be to configure all namespaces with audit annotations for a stricter level such as baseline:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --overwrite ns --all \
  pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit=baseline \
  pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn=baseline

Response: This bash code 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | Note that this is not setting an enforce level, so that namespaces that haven't been explicitly evaluated can be distinguished. You can list namespaces without an explicitly set enforce level using th

Context: 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | Note that this is not setting an enforce level, so that namespaces that haven't been explicitly evaluated can be distinguished. You can list namespaces without an explicitly set enforce level using th


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get namespaces --selector='!pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce'

Response: This bash code 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | You can update a specific namespace as well. This command adds the enforce=restricted policy to my-existing-namespace, pinning the restricted policy version to v1.34.

Context: 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | You can update a specific namespace as well. This command adds the enforce=restricted policy to my-existing-namespace, pinning the restricted policy version to v1.34.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --overwrite ns my-existing-namespace \
  pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=restricted \
  pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version=v1.34

Response: This bash code 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | This page describes the process of migrating from PodSecurityPolicies to the built-in PodSecurity admission controller. This can be done effectively using a combination of dry-run and audit and warn m

Context: 3.29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | This page describes the process of migrating from PodSecurityPolicies to the built-in PodSecurity admission controller. This can be done effectively using a combination of dry-run and audit and warn m


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

PSP_NAME="original" # Set the name of the PSP you're checking for
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o jsonpath="{range .items[?(@.metadata.annotations.kubernetes\.io\/psp=='$PSP_NAME')]}{.metadata.namespace} {.metadata.name}{'\n'}{end}"

Response: This text code 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | The following steps will need to be performed on every namespace in the cluster. Commands referenced in these steps use the $NAMESPACE variable to refer to the namespace being updated.

Context: 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | The following steps will need to be performed on every namespace in the cluster. Commands referenced in these steps use the $NAMESPACE variable to refer to the namespace being updated.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pods -n $NAMESPACE -o jsonpath="{.items[*].metadata.annotations.kubernetes\.io\/psp}" | tr " " "\n" | sort -u

Response: This bash code 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Once you have selected a Pod Security level for the namespace (or if you're trying several), it's a good idea to test it out first (you can skip this step if using the Privileged level). Pod Security

Context: 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Once you have selected a Pod Security level for the namespace (or if you're trying several), it's a good idea to test it out first (you can skip this step if using the Privileged level). Pod Security


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# $LEVEL is the level to dry-run, either "baseline" or "restricted".
kubectl label --dry-run=server --overwrite ns $NAMESPACE pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=$LEVEL

Response: This text code 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | This command will return a warning for any existing pods that are not valid under the proposed level.

Context: 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | This command will return a warning for any existing pods that are not valid under the proposed level.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --overwrite ns $NAMESPACE pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit=$LEVEL

Response: This bash code 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | If either of these approaches yield unexpected violations, you will need to either update the violating workloads to meet the policy requirements, or relax the namespace Pod Security level.

Context: 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | If either of these approaches yield unexpected violations, you will need to either update the violating workloads to meet the policy requirements, or relax the namespace Pod Security level.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --overwrite ns $NAMESPACE pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=$LEVEL

Response: This bash code 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Finally, you can effectively bypass PodSecurityPolicy at the namespace level by binding the fully privileged PSP to all service accounts in the namespace.

Context: 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Finally, you can effectively bypass PodSecurityPolicy at the namespace level by binding the fully privileged PSP to all service accounts in the namespace.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# The following cluster-scoped commands are only needed once.
kubectl apply -f privileged-psp.yaml
kubectl create clusterrole privileged-psp --verb use --resource podsecuritypolicies.policy --resource-name privileged

Response:
# Per-namespace disable
kubectl create -n $NAMESPACE rolebinding disable-psp --clusterrole privileged-psp --group system:serviceaccounts:$NAMESPACE

Context: 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Since the privileged PSP is non-mutating, and the PSP admission controller always prefers non-mutating PSPs, this will ensure that pods in this namespace are no longer being modified or restricted by


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# The following cluster-scoped commands are only needed once.
kubectl apply -f privileged-psp.yaml
kubectl create clusterrole privileged-psp --verb use --resource podsecuritypolicies.policy --resource-name privileged

# Per-namespace disable
kubectl create -n $NAMESPACE rolebinding disable-psp --clusterrole privileged-psp --group system:serviceaccounts:$NAMESPACE

Response: This text code 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Since the privileged PSP is non-mutating, and the PSP admission controller always prefers non-mutating PSPs, this will ensure that pods in this namespace are no longer being modified or restricted by


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Undo PodSecurityPolicy disablement.
kubectl delete -n $NAMESPACE rolebinding disable-psp

Response: This text code 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Now that existing namespaces have been updated to enforce Pod Security Admission, you should ensure that your processes and/or policies for creating new namespaces are updated to ensure that an approp

Context: 3.30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Now that existing namespaces have been updated to enforce Pod Security Admission, you should ensure that your processes and/or policies for creating new namespaces are updated to ensure that an approp


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

I0805 10:43:25.129850   46757 schema.go:126] unknown field: commnd
I0805 10:43:25.129973   46757 schema.go:129] this may be a false alarm, see https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/6842
pods/mypod

Response: This text code 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | The next thing to check is whether the pod on the apiserver matches the pod you meant to create (e.g. in a yaml file on your local machine). For example, run kubectl get pods/mypod -o yaml > mypod-on-

Context: 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | The next thing to check is whether the pod on the apiserver matches the pod you meant to create (e.g. in a yaml file on your local machine). For example, run kubectl get pods/mypod -o yaml > mypod-on-


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get endpointslices -l kubernetes.io/service-name=${SERVICE_NAME}

Response: This bash code 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | Make sure that the endpoints in the EndpointSlices match up with the number of pods that you expect to be members of your service. For example, if your Service is for an nginx container with 3 replica

Context: 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | Make sure that the endpoints in the EndpointSlices match up with the number of pods that you expect to be members of your service. For example, if your Service is for an nginx container with 3 replica


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

...
spec:

Response:
  - selector:
     name: nginx
     type: frontend

Context: 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | You can use:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

...
spec:
  - selector:
     name: nginx
     type: frontend

Response: This text code 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | You can use:

Context: 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | You can use:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pods --selector=name=nginx,type=frontend

Response: This bash code 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | to list pods that match this selector. Verify that the list matches the Pods that you expect to provide your Service. Verify that the pod's containerPort matches up with the Service's targetPort

Context: 4.3.1 - Debug Pods | to list pods that match this selector. Verify that the list matches the Pods that you expect to provide your Service. Verify that the pod's containerPort matches up with the Service's targetPort


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl exec <POD-NAME> -c <CONTAINER-NAME> -- <COMMAND>

Response: This bash code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | For the purposes of this walk-through, let's run some Pods. Since you're probably debugging your own Service you can substitute your own details, or you can follow along and get a second data point.

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | For the purposes of this walk-through, let's run some Pods. Since you're probably debugging your own Service you can substitute your own details, or you can follow along and get a second data point.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl create deployment hostnames --image=registry.k8s.io/serve_hostname

Response: This bash code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | kubectl commands will print the type and name of the resource created or mutated, which can then be used in subsequent commands.

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | kubectl commands will print the type and name of the resource created or mutated, which can then be used in subsequent commands.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: hostnames
  name: hostnames
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:

Response:
      app: hostnames
  replicas: 3
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: hostnames
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: hostnames
        image: registry.k8s.io/serve_hostname

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | The label "app" is automatically set by kubectl create deployment to the name of the Deployment.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: hostnames
  name: hostnames
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: hostnames
  replicas: 3
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: hostnames
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: hostnames
        image: registry.k8s.io/serve_hostname

Response: This yaml code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | The label "app" is automatically set by kubectl create deployment to the name of the Deployment.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pods -l app=hostnames \
    -o go-template='{{range .items}}{{.status.podIP}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}'

Response: This bash code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | The example container used for this walk-through serves its own hostname via HTTP on port 9376, but if you are debugging your own app, you'll want to use whatever port number your Pods are listening o

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | The example container used for this walk-through serves its own hostname via HTTP on port 9376, but if you are debugging your own app, you'll want to use whatever port number your Pods are listening o


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

for ep in 10.244.0.5:9376 10.244.0.6:9376 10.244.0.7:9376; do
    wget -qO- $ep
done

Response: This text code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | This should produce something like:

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | This should produce something like:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl expose deployment hostnames --port=80 --target-port=9376

Response: This bash code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | And read it back:

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | And read it back:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    app: hostnames
  name: hostnames
spec:

Response:
  selector:
    app: hostnames
  ports:
  - name: default
    protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 9376

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | In order to highlight the full range of configuration, the Service you created here uses a different port number than the Pods. For many real-world Services, these values might be the same.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    app: hostnames
  name: hostnames
spec:
  selector:
    app: hostnames
  ports:
  - name: default
    protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 9376

Response: This yaml code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | In order to highlight the full range of configuration, the Service you created here uses a different port number than the Pods. For many real-world Services, these values might be the same.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

nslookup hostnames.default.svc.cluster.local 10.0.0.10

Response: This text code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | If you are able to do a fully-qualified name lookup but not a relative one, you need to check that your /etc/resolv.conf file in your Pod is correct. From within a Pod:

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | If you are able to do a fully-qualified name lookup but not a relative one, you need to check that your /etc/resolv.conf file in your Pod is correct. From within a Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

for i in $(seq 1 3); do
    wget -qO- 10.0.1.175:80
done

Response: This text code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | This should produce something like:


Prompt:
Complete this json code:

{
    "kind": "Service",
    "apiVersion": "v1",
    "metadata": {
        "name": "hostnames",
        "namespace": "default",
        "uid": "428c8b6c-24bc-11e5-936d-42010af0a9bc",
        "resourceVersion": "347189",
        "creationTimestamp": "2015-07-07T15:24:29Z",
        "labels": {
            "app": "hostnames"
        }
    },
    "spec": {
        "ports": [
            {
                "name": "default",

Response:
                "protocol": "TCP",
                "port": 80,
                "targetPort": 9376,
                "nodePort": 0
            }
        ],
        "selector": {
            "app": "hostnames"
        },
        "clusterIP": "10.0.1.175",
        "type": "ClusterIP",
        "sessionAffinity": "None"
    },
    "status": {
        "loadBalancer": {}
    }
}

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | If you got this far, you have confirmed that your Service is correctly defined and is resolved by DNS. Now let's check that the Pods you ran are actually being selected by the Service.


Prompt:
Explain this json code:

{
    "kind": "Service",
    "apiVersion": "v1",
    "metadata": {
        "name": "hostnames",
        "namespace": "default",
        "uid": "428c8b6c-24bc-11e5-936d-42010af0a9bc",
        "resourceVersion": "347189",
        "creationTimestamp": "2015-07-07T15:24:29Z",
        "labels": {
            "app": "hostnames"
        }
    },
    "spec": {
        "ports": [
            {
                "name": "default",
                "protocol": "TCP",
                "port": 80,
                "targetPort": 9376,
                "nodePort": 0
            }
        ],
        "selector": {
            "app": "hostnames"
        },
        "clusterIP": "10.0.1.175",
        "type": "ClusterIP",
        "sessionAffinity": "None"
    },
    "status": {
        "loadBalancer": {}
    }
}

Response: This json code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | If you got this far, you have confirmed that your Service is correctly defined and is resolved by DNS. Now let's check that the Pods you ran are actually being selected by the Service.


Prompt:
Complete this bash code:

kubectl get endpointslices -l k8s.io/service-name=hostnames

Response:
NAME              ADDRESSTYPE   PORTS   ENDPOINTS
hostnames-ytpni   IPv4          9376    10.244.0.5,10.244.0.6,10.244.0.7

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | This confirms that the EndpointSlice controller has found the correct Pods for your Service. If the ENDPOINTS column is <none>, you should check that the spec.selector field of your Service actually s


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get endpointslices -l k8s.io/service-name=hostnames

NAME              ADDRESSTYPE   PORTS   ENDPOINTS
hostnames-ytpni   IPv4          9376    10.244.0.5,10.244.0.6,10.244.0.7

Response: This bash code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | This confirms that the EndpointSlice controller has found the correct Pods for your Service. If the ENDPOINTS column is <none>, you should check that the spec.selector field of your Service actually s


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

for ep in 10.244.0.5:9376 10.244.0.6:9376 10.244.0.7:9376; do
    wget -qO- $ep
done

Response: This text code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | This should produce something like:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

for intf in /sys/devices/virtual/net/cbr0/brif/*; do cat $intf/hairpin_mode; done

Response: This text code 4.3.2 - Debug Services | If you get this far, something very strange is happening. Your Service is running, has EndpointSlices, and your Pods are actually serving. You have DNS working, and kube-proxy does not seem to be misb

Context: 4.3.2 - Debug Services | If you get this far, something very strange is happening. Your Service is running, has EndpointSlices, and your Pods are actually serving. You have DNS working, and kube-proxy does not seem to be misb


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

debug/termination.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: termination-demo

Response:
spec:
  containers:
  - name: termination-demo-container
    image: debian
    command: ["/bin/sh"]
    args: ["-c", "sleep 10 && echo Sleep expired > /dev/termination-log"]

Context: 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Create a Pod based on the YAML configuration file:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

debug/termination.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: termination-demo
spec:
  containers:
  - name: termination-demo-container
    image: debian
    command: ["/bin/sh"]
    args: ["-c", "sleep 10 && echo Sleep expired > /dev/termination-log"]

Response: This yaml code 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Create a Pod based on the YAML configuration file:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: termination-demo
spec:

Response:
  containers:
  - name: termination-demo-container
    image: debian
    command: ["/bin/sh"]
    args: ["-c", "sleep 10 && echo Sleep expired > /dev/termination-log"]


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: termination-demo
spec:
  containers:
  - name: termination-demo-container
    image: debian
    command: ["/bin/sh"]
    args: ["-c", "sleep 10 && echo Sleep expired > /dev/termination-log"]

Response: This yaml code 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Create a Pod based on the YAML configuration file:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/debug/termination.yaml

Response: This bash code 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | In the YAML file, in the command and args fields, you can see that the container sleeps for 10 seconds and then writes "Sleep expired" to the /dev/termination-log file. After the container writes the

Context: 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | In the YAML file, in the command and args fields, you can see that the container sleeps for 10 seconds and then writes "Sleep expired" to the /dev/termination-log file. After the container writes the


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
...
    lastState:
      terminated:

Response:
        containerID: ...
        exitCode: 0
        finishedAt: ...
        message: |
          Sleep expired
        ...

Context: 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Use a Go template to filter the output so that it includes only the termination message:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
...
    lastState:
      terminated:
        containerID: ...
        exitCode: 0
        finishedAt: ...
        message: |
          Sleep expired
        ...

Response: This yaml code 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Use a Go template to filter the output so that it includes only the termination message:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pod termination-demo -o go-template="{{range .status.containerStatuses}}{{.lastState.terminated.message}}{{end}}"

Response: This bash code 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | If you are running a multi-container Pod, you can use a Go template to include the container's name. By doing so, you can discover which of the containers is failing:

Context: 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | If you are running a multi-container Pod, you can use a Go template to include the container's name. By doing so, you can discover which of the containers is failing:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pod multi-container-pod -o go-template='{{range .status.containerStatuses}}{{printf "%s:\n%s\n\n" .name .lastState.terminated.message}}{{end}}'

Response: This bash code 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Kubernetes retrieves termination messages from the termination message file specified in the terminationMessagePath field of a Container, which has a default value of /dev/termination-log. By customiz

Context: 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Kubernetes retrieves termination messages from the termination message file specified in the terminationMessagePath field of a Container, which has a default value of /dev/termination-log. By customiz


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: msg-path-demo

Response:
spec:
  containers:
  - name: msg-path-demo-container
    image: debian
    terminationMessagePath: "/tmp/my-log"

Context: 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Moreover, users can set the terminationMessagePolicy field of a Container for further customization. This field defaults to "File" which means the termination messages are retrieved only from the term


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: msg-path-demo
spec:
  containers:
  - name: msg-path-demo-container
    image: debian
    terminationMessagePath: "/tmp/my-log"

Response: This yaml code 4.3.4 - Determine the Reason for Pod Failure | Moreover, users can set the terminationMessagePolicy field of a Container for further customization. This field defaults to "File" which means the termination messages are retrieved only from the term


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pod nginx --template '{{.status.initContainerStatuses}}'

Response: This bash code 4.3.5 - Debug Init Containers | This command will return the same information as above in raw JSON.

Context: 4.3.5 - Debug Init Containers | This command will return the same information as above in raw JSON.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

application/nginx-with-request.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:

Response:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: "128Mi"
            cpu: "500m"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Create deployment by running following command:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

application/nginx-with-request.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: "128Mi"
            cpu: "500m"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

Response: This yaml code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Create deployment by running following command:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:

Response:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: "128Mi"
            cpu: "500m"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: "128Mi"
            cpu: "500m"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

Response: This yaml code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Create deployment by running following command:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/application/nginx-with-request.yaml

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Check pod status by following command:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Check pod status by following command:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-w6kd7

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Here you can see configuration information about the container(s) and Pod (labels, resource requirements, etc.), as well as status information about the container(s) and Pod (state, readiness, restart

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Here you can see configuration information about the container(s) and Pod (labels, resource requirements, etc.), as well as status information about the container(s) and Pod (state, readiness, restart


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-1370807587-fz9sd

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Here you can see the event generated by the scheduler saying that the Pod failed to schedule for reason FailedScheduling (and possibly others). The message tells us that there were not enough resource

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Here you can see the event generated by the scheduler saying that the Pod failed to schedule for reason FailedScheduling (and possibly others). The message tells us that there were not enough resource


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pod nginx-deployment-1006230814-6winp -o yaml

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | First, look at the logs of the affected container:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | First, look at the logs of the affected container:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2022-02-17T21:51:01Z"
  generateName: nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-
  labels:
    app: nginx
    pod-template-hash: 67d4bdd6f5
  name: nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-w6kd7
  namespace: default
  ownerReferences:
  - apiVersion: apps/v1
    blockOwnerDeletion: true
    controller: true
    kind: ReplicaSet
    name: nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5
    uid: 7d41dfd4-84c0-4be4-88ab-cedbe626ad82
  resourceVersion: "1364"
  uid: a6501da1-0447-4262-98eb-c03d4002222e
spec:
  containers:
  - image: nginx
    imagePullPolicy: Always
    name: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80
      protocol: TCP
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: 500m
        memory: 128Mi
      requests:
        cpu: 500m
        memory: 128Mi
    terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
    terminationMessagePolicy: File
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
      name: kube-api-access-bgsgp
      readOnly: true
  dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
  enableServiceLinks: true
  nodeName: kube-worker-1
  preemptionPolicy: PreemptLowerPriority
  priority: 0
  restartPolicy: Always
  schedulerName: default-scheduler
  securityContext: {}
  serviceAccount: default
  serviceAccountName: default
  terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
  tolerations:
  - effect: NoExecute
    key: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready
    operator: Exists
    tolerationSeconds: 300
  - effect: NoExecute
    key: node.kubernetes.io/unreachable

Response:
    operator: Exists
    tolerationSeconds: 300
  volumes:
  - name: kube-api-access-bgsgp
    projected:
      defaultMode: 420
      sources:
      - serviceAccountToken:
          expirationSeconds: 3607
          path: token
      - configMap:
          items:
          - key: ca.crt
            path: ca.crt
          name: kube-root-ca.crt
      - downwardAPI:
          items:
          - fieldRef:
              apiVersion: v1
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
            path: namespace
status:
  conditions:
  - lastProbeTime: null
    lastTransitionTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:01Z"
    status: "True"
    type: Initialized
  - lastProbeTime: null
    lastTransitionTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:06Z"
    status: "True"
    type: Ready
  - lastProbeTime: null
    lastTransitionTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:06Z"
    status: "True"
    type: ContainersReady
  - lastProbeTime: null
    lastTransitionTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:01Z"
    status: "True"
    type: PodScheduled
  containerStatuses:
  - containerID: containerd://5403af59a2b46ee5a23fb0ae4b1e077f7ca5c5fb7af16e1ab21c00e0e616462a
    image: docker.io/library/nginx:latest
    imageID: docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:2834dc507516af02784808c5f48b7cbe38b8ed5d0f4837f16e78d00deb7e7767
    lastState: {}
    name: nginx
    ready: true
    restartCount: 0
    started: true
    state:
      running:
        startedAt: "2022-02-17T21:51:05Z"
  hostIP: 192.168.0.113
  phase: Running
  podIP: 10.88.0.3
  podIPs:
  - ip: 10.88.0.3
  - ip: 2001:db8::1
  qosClass: Guaranteed
  startTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:01Z"


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2022-02-17T21:51:01Z"
  generateName: nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-
  labels:
    app: nginx
    pod-template-hash: 67d4bdd6f5
  name: nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-w6kd7
  namespace: default
  ownerReferences:
  - apiVersion: apps/v1
    blockOwnerDeletion: true
    controller: true
    kind: ReplicaSet
    name: nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5
    uid: 7d41dfd4-84c0-4be4-88ab-cedbe626ad82
  resourceVersion: "1364"
  uid: a6501da1-0447-4262-98eb-c03d4002222e
spec:
  containers:
  - image: nginx
    imagePullPolicy: Always
    name: nginx
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80
      protocol: TCP
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: 500m
        memory: 128Mi
      requests:
        cpu: 500m
        memory: 128Mi
    terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
    terminationMessagePolicy: File
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
      name: kube-api-access-bgsgp
      readOnly: true
  dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
  enableServiceLinks: true
  nodeName: kube-worker-1
  preemptionPolicy: PreemptLowerPriority
  priority: 0
  restartPolicy: Always
  schedulerName: default-scheduler
  securityContext: {}
  serviceAccount: default
  serviceAccountName: default
  terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
  tolerations:
  - effect: NoExecute
    key: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready
    operator: Exists
    tolerationSeconds: 300
  - effect: NoExecute
    key: node.kubernetes.io/unreachable
    operator: Exists
    tolerationSeconds: 300
  volumes:
  - name: kube-api-access-bgsgp
    projected:
      defaultMode: 420
      sources:
      - serviceAccountToken:
          expirationSeconds: 3607
          path: token
      - configMap:
          items:
          - key: ca.crt
            path: ca.crt
          name: kube-root-ca.crt
      - downwardAPI:
          items:
          - fieldRef:
              apiVersion: v1
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
            path: namespace
status:
  conditions:
  - lastProbeTime: null
    lastTransitionTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:01Z"
    status: "True"
    type: Initialized
  - lastProbeTime: null
    lastTransitionTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:06Z"
    status: "True"
    type: Ready
  - lastProbeTime: null
    lastTransitionTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:06Z"
    status: "True"
    type: ContainersReady
  - lastProbeTime: null
    lastTransitionTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:01Z"
    status: "True"
    type: PodScheduled
  containerStatuses:
  - containerID: containerd://5403af59a2b46ee5a23fb0ae4b1e077f7ca5c5fb7af16e1ab21c00e0e616462a
    image: docker.io/library/nginx:latest
    imageID: docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:2834dc507516af02784808c5f48b7cbe38b8ed5d0f4837f16e78d00deb7e7767
    lastState: {}
    name: nginx
    ready: true
    restartCount: 0
    started: true
    state:
      running:
        startedAt: "2022-02-17T21:51:05Z"
  hostIP: 192.168.0.113
  phase: Running
  podIP: 10.88.0.3
  podIPs:
  - ip: 10.88.0.3
  - ip: 2001:db8::1
  qosClass: Guaranteed
  startTime: "2022-02-17T21:51:01Z"

Response: This yaml code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | First, look at the logs of the affected container:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl logs --previous ${POD_NAME} ${CONTAINER_NAME}

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | If the container image includes debugging utilities, as is the case with images built from Linux and Windows OS base images, you can run commands inside a specific container with kubectl exec:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | If the container image includes debugging utilities, as is the case with images built from Linux and Windows OS base images, you can run commands inside a specific container with kubectl exec:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl exec ${POD_NAME} -c ${CONTAINER_NAME} -- ${CMD} ${ARG1} ${ARG2} ... ${ARGN}

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | As an example, to look at the logs from a running Cassandra pod, you might run

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | As an example, to look at the logs from a running Cassandra pod, you might run


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl exec cassandra -- cat /var/log/cassandra/system.log

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | You can run a shell that's connected to your terminal using the -i and -t arguments to kubectl exec, for example:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | You can run a shell that's connected to your terminal using the -i and -t arguments to kubectl exec, for example:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl run ephemeral-demo --image=registry.k8s.io/pause:3.1 --restart=Never

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | The examples in this section use the pause container image because it does not contain debugging utilities, but this method works with all container images.

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | The examples in this section use the pause container image because it does not contain debugging utilities, but this method works with all container images.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl debug -it ephemeral-demo --image=busybox:1.28 --target=ephemeral-demo

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | This command adds a new busybox container and attaches to it. The --target parameter targets the process namespace of another container. It's necessary here because kubectl run does not enable process

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | This command adds a new busybox container and attaches to it. The --target parameter targets the process namespace of another container. It's necessary here because kubectl run does not enable process


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl run myapp --image=busybox:1.28 --restart=Never -- sleep 1d

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Run this command to create a copy of myapp named myapp-debug that adds a new Ubuntu container for debugging:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Run this command to create a copy of myapp named myapp-debug that adds a new Ubuntu container for debugging:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl debug myapp -it --image=ubuntu --share-processes --copy-to=myapp-debug

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Don't forget to clean up the debugging Pod when you're finished with it:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Don't forget to clean up the debugging Pod when you're finished with it:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl run myapp --image=busybox:1.28 --restart=Never -- sleep 1d

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Then, debug the Pod using an ephemeral container. If the ephemeral container needs to have privilege, you can use the sysadmin profile:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Then, debug the Pod using an ephemeral container. If the ephemeral container needs to have privilege, you can use the sysadmin profile:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl debug -it myapp --image=busybox:1.28 --target=myapp --profile=sysadmin

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Check the capabilities of the ephemeral container process by running the following command inside the container:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Check the capabilities of the ephemeral container process by running the following command inside the container:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pod myapp -o jsonpath='{.spec.ephemeralContainers[0].securityContext}'

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Clean up the Pod when you're finished with it:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Clean up the Pod when you're finished with it:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl run myapp --image=busybox:1.28 --restart=Never -- sleep 1d

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Create a custom profile in YAML or JSON format. Here, create a YAML format file named custom-profile.yaml:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Create a custom profile in YAML or JSON format. Here, create a YAML format file named custom-profile.yaml:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

env:
- name: ENV_VAR_1
  value: value_1
- name: ENV_VAR_2
  value: value_2

Response:
securityContext:
  capabilities:
    add:
    - NET_ADMIN
    - SYS_TIME

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Run this command to debug the Pod using an ephemeral container with the custom profile:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

env:
- name: ENV_VAR_1
  value: value_1
- name: ENV_VAR_2
  value: value_2
securityContext:
  capabilities:
    add:
    - NET_ADMIN
    - SYS_TIME

Response: This text code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | Run this command to debug the Pod using an ephemeral container with the custom profile:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl debug -it myapp --image=busybox:1.28 --target=myapp --profile=general --custom=custom-profile.yaml

Response: This bash code 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | You can check that the ephemeral container has been added to the target Pod with the custom profile applied:

Context: 4.3.6 - Debug Running Pods | You can check that the ephemeral container has been added to the target Pod with the custom profile applied: