Prompt:
Complete this none code:

PriorityLevelName, ActiveQueues, IsIdle, IsQuiescing, WaitingRequests, ExecutingRequests, DispatchedRequests, RejectedRequests, TimedoutRequests, CancelledRequests
catch-all,         0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 1,                  0,                0,                0
exempt,            0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 0,                  0,                0,                0
global-default,    0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 46,                 0,                0,                0

Response:
leader-election,   0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 4,                  0,                0,                0
node-high,         0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 34,                 0,                0,                0
system,            0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 48,                 0,                0,                0
workload-high,     0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 500,                0,                0,                0
workload-low,      0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 0,                  0,                0,                0


Prompt:
Explain this none code:

PriorityLevelName, ActiveQueues, IsIdle, IsQuiescing, WaitingRequests, ExecutingRequests, DispatchedRequests, RejectedRequests, TimedoutRequests, CancelledRequests
catch-all,         0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 1,                  0,                0,                0
exempt,            0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 0,                  0,                0,                0
global-default,    0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 46,                 0,                0,                0
leader-election,   0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 4,                  0,                0,                0
node-high,         0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 34,                 0,                0,                0
system,            0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 48,                 0,                0,                0
workload-high,     0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 500,                0,                0,                0
workload-low,      0,            true,   false,       0,               0,                 0,                  0,                0,                0

Response: This none code Flow control | Explanation for selected column names:

Context: Flow control | Explanation for selected column names:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get --raw /debug/api_priority_and_fairness/dump_queues

Response: This shell code Flow control | The output will be in CSV and similar to this:

Context: Flow control | The output will be in CSV and similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this none code:

PriorityLevelName, Index,  PendingRequests, ExecutingRequests, SeatsInUse, NextDispatchR,   InitialSeatsSum, MaxSeatsSum, TotalWorkSum
workload-low,      14,     27,              0,                 0,          77.64342019ss,   270,             270,         0.81000000ss
workload-low,      74,     26,              0,                 0,          76.95387841ss,   260,             260,         0.78000000ss
...

Response:
leader-election,   0,      0,               0,                 0,          5088.87053833ss, 0,               0,           0.00000000ss
leader-election,   1,      0,               0,                 0,          0.00000000ss,    0,               0,           0.00000000ss
...
workload-high,     0,      0,               0,                 0,          0.00000000ss,    0,               0,           0.00000000ss
workload-high,     1,      0,               0,                 0,          1119.44936475ss, 0,               0,           0.00000000ss


Prompt:
Explain this none code:

PriorityLevelName, Index,  PendingRequests, ExecutingRequests, SeatsInUse, NextDispatchR,   InitialSeatsSum, MaxSeatsSum, TotalWorkSum
workload-low,      14,     27,              0,                 0,          77.64342019ss,   270,             270,         0.81000000ss
workload-low,      74,     26,              0,                 0,          76.95387841ss,   260,             260,         0.78000000ss
...
leader-election,   0,      0,               0,                 0,          5088.87053833ss, 0,               0,           0.00000000ss
leader-election,   1,      0,               0,                 0,          0.00000000ss,    0,               0,           0.00000000ss
...
workload-high,     0,      0,               0,                 0,          0.00000000ss,    0,               0,           0.00000000ss
workload-high,     1,      0,               0,                 0,          1119.44936475ss, 0,               0,           0.00000000ss

Response: This none code Flow control | Explanation for selected column names:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get --raw /debug/api_priority_and_fairness/dump_requests

Response: This shell code Flow control | The output will be in CSV and similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this none code:

PriorityLevelName, FlowSchemaName,   QueueIndex, RequestIndexInQueue, FlowDistingsher,                        ArriveTime,                     InitialSeats, FinalSeats, AdditionalLatency, StartTime
exempt,            exempt,           -1,         -1,                  ,                                       2023-07-15T04:51:25.596404345Z, 1,            0,          0s,                2023-07-15T04:51:25.596404345Z

Response:
workload-low,      service-accounts, 14,         0,                   system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, 2023-07-18T00:12:51.386556253Z, 10,           0,          0s,                0001-01-01T00:00:00Z
workload-low,      service-accounts, 14,         1,                   system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, 2023-07-18T00:12:51.487092539Z, 10,           0,          0s,                0001-01-01T00:00:00Z

Context: Flow control | You can get a more detailed listing with a command like this:


Prompt:
Explain this none code:

PriorityLevelName, FlowSchemaName,   QueueIndex, RequestIndexInQueue, FlowDistingsher,                        ArriveTime,                     InitialSeats, FinalSeats, AdditionalLatency, StartTime
exempt,            exempt,           -1,         -1,                  ,                                       2023-07-15T04:51:25.596404345Z, 1,            0,          0s,                2023-07-15T04:51:25.596404345Z
workload-low,      service-accounts, 14,         0,                   system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, 2023-07-18T00:12:51.386556253Z, 10,           0,          0s,                0001-01-01T00:00:00Z
workload-low,      service-accounts, 14,         1,                   system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, 2023-07-18T00:12:51.487092539Z, 10,           0,          0s,                0001-01-01T00:00:00Z

Response: This none code Flow control | You can get a more detailed listing with a command like this:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get --raw '/debug/api_priority_and_fairness/dump_requests?includeRequestDetails=1'

Response: This shell code Flow control | The output will be in CSV and similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this none code:

PriorityLevelName, FlowSchemaName,   QueueIndex, RequestIndexInQueue, FlowDistingsher,                        ArriveTime,                     InitialSeats, FinalSeats, AdditionalLatency, StartTime,                      UserName,                               Verb,   APIPath,                                   Namespace,   Name,   APIVersion, Resource,   SubResource
exempt,            exempt,           -1,         -1,                  ,                                       2023-07-15T04:51:25.596404345Z, 1,            0,          0s,                2023-07-15T04:51:25.596404345Z, system:serviceaccount:system:admin,     list,   /api/v1/namespaces/kube-stress/configmaps, kube-stress, ,       v1,         configmaps,

Response:
workload-low,      service-accounts, 14,         0,                   system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, 2023-07-18T00:13:08.986534842Z, 10,           0,          0s,                0001-01-01T00:00:00Z,           system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, list,   /api/v1/namespaces/kube-stress/configmaps, kube-stress, ,       v1,         configmaps,
workload-low,      service-accounts, 14,         1,                   system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, 2023-07-18T00:13:09.086476021Z, 10,           0,          0s,                0001-01-01T00:00:00Z,           system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, list,   /api/v1/namespaces/kube-stress/configmaps, kube-stress, ,       v1,         configmaps,


Prompt:
Explain this none code:

PriorityLevelName, FlowSchemaName,   QueueIndex, RequestIndexInQueue, FlowDistingsher,                        ArriveTime,                     InitialSeats, FinalSeats, AdditionalLatency, StartTime,                      UserName,                               Verb,   APIPath,                                   Namespace,   Name,   APIVersion, Resource,   SubResource
exempt,            exempt,           -1,         -1,                  ,                                       2023-07-15T04:51:25.596404345Z, 1,            0,          0s,                2023-07-15T04:51:25.596404345Z, system:serviceaccount:system:admin,     list,   /api/v1/namespaces/kube-stress/configmaps, kube-stress, ,       v1,         configmaps,
workload-low,      service-accounts, 14,         0,                   system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, 2023-07-18T00:13:08.986534842Z, 10,           0,          0s,                0001-01-01T00:00:00Z,           system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, list,   /api/v1/namespaces/kube-stress/configmaps, kube-stress, ,       v1,         configmaps,
workload-low,      service-accounts, 14,         1,                   system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, 2023-07-18T00:13:09.086476021Z, 10,           0,          0s,                0001-01-01T00:00:00Z,           system:serviceaccount:default:loadtest, list,   /api/v1/namespaces/kube-stress/configmaps, kube-stress, ,       v1,         configmaps,

Response: This none code Flow control | Explanation for selected column names:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get flowschemas -o custom-columns="uid:{metadata.uid},name:{metadata.name}"
kubectl get prioritylevelconfigurations -o custom-columns="uid:{metadata.uid},name:{metadata.name}"

Response: This bash code Flow control | to get a mapping of UIDs to names for both FlowSchemas and PriorityLevelConfigurations.

Context: Flow control | to get a mapping of UIDs to names for both FlowSchemas and PriorityLevelConfigurations.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get --raw /debug/api_priority_and_fairness/dump_priority_levels

Response: This bash code Flow control | The output will be in CSV and similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get --raw /debug/api_priority_and_fairness/dump_queues

Response: This bash code Flow control | The output will be in CSV and similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get --raw /debug/api_priority_and_fairness/dump_requests

Response: This bash code Flow control | The output will be in CSV and similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get --raw '/debug/api_priority_and_fairness/dump_requests?includeRequestDetails=1'

Response: This bash code Flow control | The output will be in CSV and similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:

Response:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.14.2
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80

Context: 1 - Pods | To create the Pod shown above, run the following command:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.14.2
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80

Response: This yaml code 1 - Pods | To create the Pod shown above, run the following command:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/simple-pod.yaml

Response: This bash code 1 - Pods | Pods are generally not created directly and are created using workload resources. See Working with Pods for more information on how Pods are used with workload resources.

Context: 1 - Pods | Pods are generally not created directly and are created using workload resources. See Working with Pods for more information on how Pods are used with workload resources.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: hello
spec:
  template:
    # This is the pod template

Response:
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: hello
        image: busybox:1.28
        command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "Hello, Kubernetes!" && sleep 3600']
      restartPolicy: OnFailure
    # The pod template ends here

Context: 1 - Pods | Modifying the pod template or switching to a new pod template has no direct effect on the Pods that already exist. If you change the pod template for a workload resource, that resource needs to create


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: hello
spec:
  template:
    # This is the pod template
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: hello
        image: busybox:1.28
        command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "Hello, Kubernetes!" && sleep 3600']
      restartPolicy: OnFailure
    # The pod template ends here

Response: This yaml code 1 - Pods | Modifying the pod template or switching to a new pod template has no direct effect on the Pods that already exist. If you change the pod template for a workload resource, that resource needs to create


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAMESPACE               NAME               READY   STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE
  alessandras-namespace   alessandras-pod    0/1     CrashLoopBackOff   200        2d9h

Response: This text code 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | A Pod is granted a term to terminate gracefully, which defaults to 30 seconds. You can use the flag --force to terminate a Pod by force.

Context: 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | A Pod is granted a term to terminate gracefully, which defaults to 30 seconds. You can use the flag --force to terminate a Pod by force.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: on-failure-pod
spec:
  restartPolicy: OnFailure
  containers:

Response:
  - name: try-once-container    # This container will run only once because the restartPolicy is Never.
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "Only running once" && sleep 10 && exit 1']
    restartPolicy: Never
  - name: on-failure-container  # This container will be restarted on failure.
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "Keep restarting" && sleep 1800 && exit 1']

Context: 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | A Pod with Always restart policy with an init container that only execute once. If the init container fails, the Pod fails. This allows the Pod to fail if the initialization failed, but also keep runn


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: on-failure-pod
spec:
  restartPolicy: OnFailure
  containers:
  - name: try-once-container    # This container will run only once because the restartPolicy is Never.
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "Only running once" && sleep 10 && exit 1']
    restartPolicy: Never
  - name: on-failure-container  # This container will be restarted on failure.
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "Keep restarting" && sleep 1800 && exit 1']

Response: This yaml code 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | A Pod with Always restart policy with an init container that only execute once. If the init container fails, the Pod fails. This allows the Pod to fail if the initialization failed, but also keep runn


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: fail-pod-if-init-fails
spec:
  restartPolicy: Always
  initContainers:

Response:
  - name: init-once      # This init container will only try once. If it fails, the pod will fail.
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "Failing initialization" && sleep 10 && exit 1']
    restartPolicy: Never
  containers:
  - name: main-container # This container will always be restarted once initialization succeeds.
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'sleep 1800 && exit 0']

Context: 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | A Pod with Never restart policy with a container that ignores and restarts on specific exit codes. This is useful to differentiate between restartable errors and non-restartable errors:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: fail-pod-if-init-fails
spec:
  restartPolicy: Always
  initContainers:
  - name: init-once      # This init container will only try once. If it fails, the pod will fail.
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "Failing initialization" && sleep 10 && exit 1']
    restartPolicy: Never
  containers:
  - name: main-container # This container will always be restarted once initialization succeeds.
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'sleep 1800 && exit 0']

Response: This yaml code 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | A Pod with Never restart policy with a container that ignores and restarts on specific exit codes. This is useful to differentiate between restartable errors and non-restartable errors:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: restart-on-exit-codes
spec:
  restartPolicy: Never
  containers:
  - name: restart-on-exit-codes

Response:
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'sleep 60 && exit 0']
    restartPolicy: Never     # Container restart policy must be specified if rules are specified
    restartPolicyRules:      # Only restart the container if it exits with code 42
    - action: Restart
      exitCodes:
        operator: In
        values: [42]

Context: 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | Restart rules can be used for many more advanced lifecycle management scenarios. Note, restart rules are affected by the same inconsistencies as the regular restart policy. Kubelet restarts, container


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: restart-on-exit-codes
spec:
  restartPolicy: Never
  containers:
  - name: restart-on-exit-codes
    image: docker.io/library/busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'sleep 60 && exit 0']
    restartPolicy: Never     # Container restart policy must be specified if rules are specified
    restartPolicyRules:      # Only restart the container if it exits with code 42
    - action: Restart
      exitCodes:
        operator: In
        values: [42]

Response: This yaml code 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | Restart rules can be used for many more advanced lifecycle management scenarios. Note, restart rules are affected by the same inconsistencies as the regular restart policy. Kubelet restarts, container


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

# container restart delays will start at 10s, increasing
# 2x each time they are restarted, to a maximum of 100s

Response:
kind: KubeletConfiguration
crashLoopBackOff:
    maxContainerRestartPeriod: "100s"

Context: 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | If you use this feature along with the alpha feature ReduceDefaultCrashLoopBackOffDecay (described above), your cluster defaults for initial backoff and maximum backoff will no longer be 10s and 300s,


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

# container restart delays will start at 10s, increasing
# 2x each time they are restarted, to a maximum of 100s
kind: KubeletConfiguration
crashLoopBackOff:
    maxContainerRestartPeriod: "100s"

Response: This yaml code 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | If you use this feature along with the alpha feature ReduceDefaultCrashLoopBackOffDecay (described above), your cluster defaults for initial backoff and maximum backoff will no longer be 10s and 300s,


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

# delays between container restarts will always be 2s
kind: KubeletConfiguration

Response:
crashLoopBackOff:
    maxContainerRestartPeriod: "2s"


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

# delays between container restarts will always be 2s
kind: KubeletConfiguration
crashLoopBackOff:
    maxContainerRestartPeriod: "2s"

Response: This yaml code 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | If you use this feature along with the alpha feature ReduceDefaultCrashLoopBackOffDecay (described above), your cluster defaults for initial backoff and maximum backoff will no longer be 10s and 300s,


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

kind: Pod
...
spec:
  readinessGates:
    - conditionType: "www.example.com/feature-1"
status:
  conditions:
    - type: Ready                              # a built-in PodCondition
      status: "False"

Response:
      lastProbeTime: null
      lastTransitionTime: 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    - type: "www.example.com/feature-1"        # an extra PodCondition
      status: "False"
      lastProbeTime: null
      lastTransitionTime: 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
  containerStatuses:
    - containerID: docker://abcd...
      ready: true
...

Context: 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | The Pod conditions you add must have names that meet the Kubernetes label key format.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

kind: Pod
...
spec:
  readinessGates:
    - conditionType: "www.example.com/feature-1"
status:
  conditions:
    - type: Ready                              # a built-in PodCondition
      status: "False"
      lastProbeTime: null
      lastTransitionTime: 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    - type: "www.example.com/feature-1"        # an extra PodCondition
      status: "False"
      lastProbeTime: null
      lastTransitionTime: 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
  containerStatuses:
    - containerID: docker://abcd...
      ready: true
...

Response: This yaml code 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | The Pod conditions you add must have names that meet the Kubernetes label key format.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

spec:
  os:
    name: linux
  containers:

Response:
    - name: my-container
      image: container-image:latest
      lifecycle:
        stopSignal: SIGUSR1

Context: 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | If a stop signal is defined in the lifecycle, this will override the signal defined in the container image. If no stop signal is defined in the container spec, the container would fall back to the def


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

spec:
  os:
    name: linux
  containers:
    - name: my-container
      image: container-image:latest
      lifecycle:
        stopSignal: SIGUSR1

Response: This text code 1.1 - Pod Lifecycle | If a stop signal is defined in the lifecycle, this will override the signal defined in the container image. If no stop signal is defined in the container spec, the container would fall back to the def


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

for i in {1..100}; do sleep 1; if nslookup myservice; then exit 0; fi; done; exit 1

Response: This text code 1.2 - Init Containers | Register this Pod with a remote server from the downward API with a command like:

Context: 1.2 - Init Containers | Register this Pod with a remote server from the downward API with a command like:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

curl -X POST http://$MANAGEMENT_SERVICE_HOST:$MANAGEMENT_SERVICE_PORT/register -d 'instance=$(<POD_NAME>)&ip=$(<POD_IP>)'

Response: This text code 1.2 - Init Containers | Wait for some time before starting the app container with a command like

Context: 1.2 - Init Containers | Wait for some time before starting the app container with a command like


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: myapp-pod
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: MyApp
spec:
  containers:
  - name: myapp-container

Response:
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo The app is running! && sleep 3600']
  initContainers:
  - name: init-myservice
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', "until nslookup myservice.$(cat /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/namespace).svc.cluster.local; do echo waiting for myservice; sleep 2; done"]
  - name: init-mydb
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', "until nslookup mydb.$(cat /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/namespace).svc.cluster.local; do echo waiting for mydb; sleep 2; done"]

Context: 1.2 - Init Containers | You can start this Pod by running:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: myapp-pod
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: MyApp
spec:
  containers:
  - name: myapp-container
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo The app is running! && sleep 3600']
  initContainers:
  - name: init-myservice
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', "until nslookup myservice.$(cat /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/namespace).svc.cluster.local; do echo waiting for myservice; sleep 2; done"]
  - name: init-mydb
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ['sh', '-c', "until nslookup mydb.$(cat /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/namespace).svc.cluster.local; do echo waiting for mydb; sleep 2; done"]

Response: This yaml code 1.2 - Init Containers | You can start this Pod by running:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME        READY     STATUS     RESTARTS   AGE
myapp-pod   0/1       Init:0/2   0          6m

Response: This text code 1.2 - Init Containers | or for more details:

Context: 1.2 - Init Containers | or for more details:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Name:          myapp-pod
Namespace:     default
[...]
Labels:        app.kubernetes.io/name=MyApp
Status:        Pending
[...]
Init Containers:
  init-myservice:
[...]
    State:         Running
[...]
  init-mydb:
[...]
    State:         Waiting
      Reason:      PodInitializing
    Ready:         False

Response:
[...]
Containers:
  myapp-container:
[...]
    State:         Waiting
      Reason:      PodInitializing
    Ready:         False
[...]
Events:
  FirstSeen    LastSeen    Count    From                      SubObjectPath                           Type          Reason        Message
  ---------    --------    -----    ----                      -------------                           --------      ------        -------
  16s          16s         1        {default-scheduler }                                              Normal        Scheduled     Successfully assigned myapp-pod to 172.17.4.201
  16s          16s         1        {kubelet 172.17.4.201}    spec.initContainers{init-myservice}     Normal        Pulling       pulling image "busybox"
  13s          13s         1        {kubelet 172.17.4.201}    spec.initContainers{init-myservice}     Normal        Pulled        Successfully pulled image "busybox"
  13s          13s         1        {kubelet 172.17.4.201}    spec.initContainers{init-myservice}     Normal        Created       Created container init-myservice
  13s          13s         1        {kubelet 172.17.4.201}    spec.initContainers{init-myservice}     Normal        Started       Started container init-myservice

Context: 1.2 - Init Containers | To see logs for the init containers in this Pod, run:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Name:          myapp-pod
Namespace:     default
[...]
Labels:        app.kubernetes.io/name=MyApp
Status:        Pending
[...]
Init Containers:
  init-myservice:
[...]
    State:         Running
[...]
  init-mydb:
[...]
    State:         Waiting
      Reason:      PodInitializing
    Ready:         False
[...]
Containers:
  myapp-container:
[...]
    State:         Waiting
      Reason:      PodInitializing
    Ready:         False
[...]
Events:
  FirstSeen    LastSeen    Count    From                      SubObjectPath                           Type          Reason        Message
  ---------    --------    -----    ----                      -------------                           --------      ------        -------
  16s          16s         1        {default-scheduler }                                              Normal        Scheduled     Successfully assigned myapp-pod to 172.17.4.201
  16s          16s         1        {kubelet 172.17.4.201}    spec.initContainers{init-myservice}     Normal        Pulling       pulling image "busybox"
  13s          13s         1        {kubelet 172.17.4.201}    spec.initContainers{init-myservice}     Normal        Pulled        Successfully pulled image "busybox"
  13s          13s         1        {kubelet 172.17.4.201}    spec.initContainers{init-myservice}     Normal        Created       Created container init-myservice
  13s          13s         1        {kubelet 172.17.4.201}    spec.initContainers{init-myservice}     Normal        Started       Started container init-myservice

Response: This text code 1.2 - Init Containers | To see logs for the init containers in this Pod, run:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl logs myapp-pod -c init-myservice # Inspect the first init container
kubectl logs myapp-pod -c init-mydb      # Inspect the second init container

Response: This bash code 1.2 - Init Containers | At this point, those init containers will be waiting to discover Services named mydb and myservice.

Context: 1.2 - Init Containers | At this point, those init containers will be waiting to discover Services named mydb and myservice.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myservice
spec:
  ports:
  - protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 9376

Response:
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mydb
spec:
  ports:
  - protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 9377

Context: 1.2 - Init Containers | To create the mydb and myservice services:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myservice
spec:
  ports:
  - protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 9376
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mydb
spec:
  ports:
  - protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 9377

Response: This yaml code 1.2 - Init Containers | To create the mydb and myservice services:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME        READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
myapp-pod   1/1       Running   0          9m

Response: This text code 1.2 - Init Containers | This simple example should provide some inspiration for you to create your own init containers. What's next contains a link to a more detailed example.

Context: 1.2 - Init Containers | This simple example should provide some inspiration for you to create your own init containers. What's next contains a link to a more detailed example.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: myapp
  labels:
    app: myapp
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
    spec:
      containers:

Response:
        - name: myapp
          image: alpine:latest
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'while true; do echo "logging" >> /opt/logs.txt; sleep 1; done']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: /opt
      initContainers:
        - name: logshipper
          image: alpine:latest
          restartPolicy: Always
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'tail -F /opt/logs.txt']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: /opt
      volumes:
        - name: data
          emptyDir: {}

Context: 1.3 - Sidecar Containers | If an init container is created with its restartPolicy set to Always, it will start and remain running during the entire life of the Pod. This can be helpful for running supporting services separated


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: myapp
  labels:
    app: myapp
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: myapp
          image: alpine:latest
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'while true; do echo "logging" >> /opt/logs.txt; sleep 1; done']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: /opt
      initContainers:
        - name: logshipper
          image: alpine:latest
          restartPolicy: Always
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'tail -F /opt/logs.txt']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: /opt
      volumes:
        - name: data
          emptyDir: {}

Response: This yaml code 1.3 - Sidecar Containers | If an init container is created with its restartPolicy set to Always, it will start and remain running during the entire life of the Pod. This can be helpful for running supporting services separated


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: myjob
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: myjob
          image: alpine:latest
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "logging" > /opt/logs.txt']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data

Response:
              mountPath: /opt
      initContainers:
        - name: logshipper
          image: alpine:latest
          restartPolicy: Always
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'tail -F /opt/logs.txt']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: /opt
      restartPolicy: Never
      volumes:
        - name: data
          emptyDir: {}

Context: 1.3 - Sidecar Containers | Sidecar containers run alongside app containers in the same pod. However, they do not execute the primary application logic; instead, they provide supporting functionality to the main application.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: myjob
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: myjob
          image: alpine:latest
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'echo "logging" > /opt/logs.txt']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: /opt
      initContainers:
        - name: logshipper
          image: alpine:latest
          restartPolicy: Always
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'tail -F /opt/logs.txt']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: data
              mountPath: /opt
      restartPolicy: Never
      volumes:
        - name: data
          emptyDir: {}

Response: This yaml code 1.3 - Sidecar Containers | Sidecar containers run alongside app containers in the same pod. However, they do not execute the primary application logic; instead, they provide supporting functionality to the main application.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: busybox-1
spec:

Response:
  containers:
  - image: busybox:1.28
    command:
      - sleep
      - "3600"
    name: busybox

Context: 1.6 - Pod Hostname | The Pod created by this manifest will have its hostname and fully qualified domain name (FQDN) set to busybox-1.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: busybox-1
spec:
  containers:
  - image: busybox:1.28
    command:
      - sleep
      - "3600"
    name: busybox

Response: This yaml code 1.6 - Pod Hostname | The Pod created by this manifest will have its hostname and fully qualified domain name (FQDN) set to busybox-1.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: busybox-2-busybox-example-domain
spec:
  hostnameOverride: busybox-2.busybox.example.domain

Response:
  containers:
  - image: busybox:1.28
    command:
      - sleep
      - "3600"
    name: busybox

Context: 1.6 - Pod Hostname | If hostnameOverride is set alongside hostname and subdomain fields:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: busybox-2-busybox-example-domain
spec:
  hostnameOverride: busybox-2.busybox.example.domain
  containers:
  - image: busybox:1.28
    command:
      - sleep
      - "3600"
    name: busybox

Response: This yaml code 1.6 - Pod Hostname | If hostnameOverride is set alongside hostname and subdomain fields:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# The format is
#   name:firstID:count of IDs
# where
# - firstID is 65536 (the minimum value possible)

Response:
# - count of IDs is 110 * 65536
#   (110 is the default limit for number of pods on the node)

kubelet:65536:7208960

Context: 1.8 - User Namespaces | Starting with Kubernetes v1.33, the ID count for each of Pods can be set in KubeletConfiguration.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# The format is
#   name:firstID:count of IDs
# where
# - firstID is 65536 (the minimum value possible)
# - count of IDs is 110 * 65536
#   (110 is the default limit for number of pods on the node)

kubelet:65536:7208960

Response: This text code 1.8 - User Namespaces | Starting with Kubernetes v1.33, the ID count for each of Pods can be set in KubeletConfiguration.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration

Response:
userNamespaces:
  idsPerPod: 1048576

Context: 1.8 - User Namespaces | The value of idsPerPod (uint32) must be a multiple of 65536. The default value is 65536. This value only applies to containers created after the kubelet was started with this KubeletConfiguration. Run


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
userNamespaces:
  idsPerPod: 1048576

Response: This yaml code 1.8 - User Namespaces | The value of idsPerPod (uint32) must be a multiple of 65536. The default value is 65536. This value only applies to containers created after the kubelet was started with this KubeletConfiguration. Run


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:

Response:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.14.2
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | In this example:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.14.2
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

Response: This yaml code 2.1 - Deployments | In this example:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | In this example:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/nginx-deployment.yaml

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | Run kubectl get deployments to check if the Deployment was created.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Run kubectl get deployments to check if the Deployment was created.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deployment   0/3     0            0           1s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | When you inspect the Deployments in your cluster, the following fields are displayed:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | When you inspect the Deployments in your cluster, the following fields are displayed:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Waiting for rollout to finish: 2 out of 3 new replicas have been updated...
deployment "nginx-deployment" successfully rolled out

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Run the kubectl get deployments again a few seconds later. The output is similar to this:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Run the kubectl get deployments again a few seconds later. The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deployment   3/3     3            3           18s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Notice that the Deployment has created all three replicas, and all replicas are up-to-date (they contain the latest Pod template) and available.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Notice that the Deployment has created all three replicas, and all replicas are up-to-date (they contain the latest Pod template) and available.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                          DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
nginx-deployment-75675f5897   3         3         3       18s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | ReplicaSet output shows the following fields:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | ReplicaSet output shows the following fields:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

NAME                                READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       LABELS
nginx-deployment-75675f5897-7ci7o   1/1       Running   0          18s       app=nginx,pod-template-hash=75675f5897

Response:
nginx-deployment-75675f5897-kzszj   1/1       Running   0          18s       app=nginx,pod-template-hash=75675f5897
nginx-deployment-75675f5897-qqcnn   1/1       Running   0          18s       app=nginx,pod-template-hash=75675f5897

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | The created ReplicaSet ensures that there are three nginx Pods.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                                READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       LABELS
nginx-deployment-75675f5897-7ci7o   1/1       Running   0          18s       app=nginx,pod-template-hash=75675f5897
nginx-deployment-75675f5897-kzszj   1/1       Running   0          18s       app=nginx,pod-template-hash=75675f5897
nginx-deployment-75675f5897-qqcnn   1/1       Running   0          18s       app=nginx,pod-template-hash=75675f5897

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | The created ReplicaSet ensures that there are three nginx Pods.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl set image deployment.v1.apps/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | or use the following command:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | or use the following command:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | where deployment/nginx-deployment indicates the Deployment, nginx indicates the Container the update will take place and nginx:1.16.1 indicates the new image and its tag.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | where deployment/nginx-deployment indicates the Deployment, nginx indicates the Container the update will take place and nginx:1.16.1 indicates the new image and its tag.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Waiting for rollout to finish: 2 out of 3 new replicas have been updated...

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | or

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | or


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

deployment "nginx-deployment" successfully rolled out

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Get more details on your updated Deployment:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Get more details on your updated Deployment:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deployment   3/3     3            3           36s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Run kubectl get rs to see that the Deployment updated the Pods by creating a new ReplicaSet and scaling it up to 3 replicas, as well as scaling down the old ReplicaSet to 0 replicas.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Run kubectl get rs to see that the Deployment updated the Pods by creating a new ReplicaSet and scaling it up to 3 replicas, as well as scaling down the old ReplicaSet to 0 replicas.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                          DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365   3         3         3       6s
nginx-deployment-2035384211   0         0         0       36s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Running get pods should now show only the new Pods:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Running get pods should now show only the new Pods:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

NAME                                READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365-khku8   1/1       Running   0          14s

Response:
nginx-deployment-1564180365-nacti   1/1       Running   0          14s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-z9gth   1/1       Running   0          14s

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Next time you want to update these Pods, you only need to update the Deployment's Pod template again.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                                READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365-khku8   1/1       Running   0          14s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-nacti   1/1       Running   0          14s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-z9gth   1/1       Running   0          14s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Next time you want to update these Pods, you only need to update the Deployment's Pod template again.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Name:                   nginx-deployment
Namespace:              default
CreationTimestamp:      Thu, 30 Nov 2017 10:56:25 +0000
Labels:                 app=nginx
Annotations:            deployment.kubernetes.io/revision=2
Selector:               app=nginx
Replicas:               3 desired | 3 updated | 3 total | 3 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType:           RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds:        0
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx
   Containers:
    nginx:
      Image:        nginx:1.16.1
      Port:         80/TCP
      Environment:  <none>
      Mounts:       <none>

Response:
    Volumes:        <none>
  Conditions:
    Type           Status  Reason
    ----           ------  ------
    Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
    Progressing    True    NewReplicaSetAvailable
  OldReplicaSets:  <none>
  NewReplicaSet:   nginx-deployment-1564180365 (3/3 replicas created)
  Events:
    Type    Reason             Age   From                   Message
    ----    ------             ----  ----                   -------
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  2m    deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 3
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  24s   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 1
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  22s   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 2
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  22s   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 2
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  19s   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 1
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  19s   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 3
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  14s   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 0

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Here you see that when you first created the Deployment, it created a ReplicaSet (nginx-deployment-2035384211) and scaled it up to 3 replicas directly. When you updated the Deployment, it created a ne


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Name:                   nginx-deployment
Namespace:              default
CreationTimestamp:      Thu, 30 Nov 2017 10:56:25 +0000
Labels:                 app=nginx
Annotations:            deployment.kubernetes.io/revision=2
Selector:               app=nginx
Replicas:               3 desired | 3 updated | 3 total | 3 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType:           RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds:        0
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx
   Containers:
    nginx:
      Image:        nginx:1.16.1
      Port:         80/TCP
      Environment:  <none>
      Mounts:       <none>
    Volumes:        <none>
  Conditions:
    Type           Status  Reason
    ----           ------  ------
    Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
    Progressing    True    NewReplicaSetAvailable
  OldReplicaSets:  <none>
  NewReplicaSet:   nginx-deployment-1564180365 (3/3 replicas created)
  Events:
    Type    Reason             Age   From                   Message
    ----    ------             ----  ----                   -------
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  2m    deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 3
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  24s   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 1
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  22s   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 2
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  22s   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 2
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  19s   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 1
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  19s   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 3
    Normal  ScalingReplicaSet  14s   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 0

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Here you see that when you first created the Deployment, it created a ReplicaSet (nginx-deployment-2035384211) and scaled it up to 3 replicas directly. When you updated the Deployment, it created a ne


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.161

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Waiting for rollout to finish: 1 out of 3 new replicas have been updated...

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Press Ctrl-C to stop the above rollout status watch. For more information on stuck rollouts, read more here.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Press Ctrl-C to stop the above rollout status watch. For more information on stuck rollouts, read more here.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

NAME                          DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365   3         3         3       25s

Response:
nginx-deployment-2035384211   0         0         0       36s
nginx-deployment-3066724191   1         1         0       6s

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Looking at the Pods created, you see that 1 Pod created by new ReplicaSet is stuck in an image pull loop.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                          DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365   3         3         3       25s
nginx-deployment-2035384211   0         0         0       36s
nginx-deployment-3066724191   1         1         0       6s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Looking at the Pods created, you see that 1 Pod created by new ReplicaSet is stuck in an image pull loop.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

NAME                                READY     STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365-70iae   1/1       Running            0          25s

Response:
nginx-deployment-1564180365-jbqqo   1/1       Running            0          25s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-hysrc   1/1       Running            0          25s
nginx-deployment-3066724191-08mng   0/1       ImagePullBackOff   0          6s

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Get the description of the Deployment:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                                READY     STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365-70iae   1/1       Running            0          25s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-jbqqo   1/1       Running            0          25s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-hysrc   1/1       Running            0          25s
nginx-deployment-3066724191-08mng   0/1       ImagePullBackOff   0          6s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Get the description of the Deployment:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Name:           nginx-deployment
Namespace:      default
CreationTimestamp:  Tue, 15 Mar 2016 14:48:04 -0700
Labels:         app=nginx
Selector:       app=nginx
Replicas:       3 desired | 1 updated | 4 total | 3 available | 1 unavailable
StrategyType:       RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds:    0
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:        nginx:1.161
    Port:         80/TCP
    Host Port:    0/TCP
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:       <none>

Response:
  Volumes:        <none>
Conditions:
  Type           Status  Reason
  ----           ------  ------
  Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing    True    ReplicaSetUpdated
OldReplicaSets:     nginx-deployment-1564180365 (3/3 replicas created)
NewReplicaSet:      nginx-deployment-3066724191 (1/1 replicas created)
Events:
  FirstSeen LastSeen    Count   From                    SubObjectPath   Type        Reason              Message
  --------- --------    -----   ----                    -------------   --------    ------              -------
  1m        1m          1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 3
  22s       22s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 1
  22s       22s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 2
  22s       22s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 2
  21s       21s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 1
  21s       21s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 3
  13s       13s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 0
  13s       13s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-3066724191 to 1

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | To fix this, you need to rollback to a previous revision of Deployment that is stable.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Name:           nginx-deployment
Namespace:      default
CreationTimestamp:  Tue, 15 Mar 2016 14:48:04 -0700
Labels:         app=nginx
Selector:       app=nginx
Replicas:       3 desired | 1 updated | 4 total | 3 available | 1 unavailable
StrategyType:       RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds:    0
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:        nginx:1.161
    Port:         80/TCP
    Host Port:    0/TCP
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:       <none>
  Volumes:        <none>
Conditions:
  Type           Status  Reason
  ----           ------  ------
  Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing    True    ReplicaSetUpdated
OldReplicaSets:     nginx-deployment-1564180365 (3/3 replicas created)
NewReplicaSet:      nginx-deployment-3066724191 (1/1 replicas created)
Events:
  FirstSeen LastSeen    Count   From                    SubObjectPath   Type        Reason              Message
  --------- --------    -----   ----                    -------------   --------    ------              -------
  1m        1m          1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 3
  22s       22s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 1
  22s       22s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 2
  22s       22s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 2
  21s       21s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 1
  21s       21s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-1564180365 to 3
  13s       13s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-2035384211 to 0
  13s       13s         1       {deployment-controller }                Normal      ScalingReplicaSet   Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-3066724191 to 1

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | To fix this, you need to rollback to a previous revision of Deployment that is stable.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION    CHANGE-CAUSE

Response:
1           kubectl apply --filename=https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/nginx-deployment.yaml
2           kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1
3           kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.161

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | CHANGE-CAUSE is copied from the Deployment annotation kubernetes.io/change-cause to its revisions upon creation. You can specify theCHANGE-CAUSE message by:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION    CHANGE-CAUSE
1           kubectl apply --filename=https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/nginx-deployment.yaml
2           kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1
3           kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.161

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | CHANGE-CAUSE is copied from the Deployment annotation kubernetes.io/change-cause to its revisions upon creation. You can specify theCHANGE-CAUSE message by:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment --revision=2

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

deployments "nginx-deployment" revision 2
  Labels:       app=nginx
          pod-template-hash=1159050644
  Annotations:  kubernetes.io/change-cause=kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1
  Containers:
   nginx:

Response:
    Image:      nginx:1.16.1
    Port:       80/TCP
     QoS Tier:
        cpu:      BestEffort
        memory:   BestEffort
    Environment Variables:      <none>
  No volumes.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Follow the steps given below to rollback the Deployment from the current version to the previous version, which is version 2.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

deployments "nginx-deployment" revision 2
  Labels:       app=nginx
          pod-template-hash=1159050644
  Annotations:  kubernetes.io/change-cause=kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:      nginx:1.16.1
    Port:       80/TCP
     QoS Tier:
        cpu:      BestEffort
        memory:   BestEffort
    Environment Variables:      <none>
  No volumes.

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Follow the steps given below to rollback the Deployment from the current version to the previous version, which is version 2.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-deployment --to-revision=2

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deployment   3/3     3            3           30m

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Get the description of the Deployment:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Name:                   nginx-deployment
Namespace:              default
CreationTimestamp:      Sun, 02 Sep 2018 18:17:55 -0500
Labels:                 app=nginx
Annotations:            deployment.kubernetes.io/revision=4
                        kubernetes.io/change-cause=kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1
Selector:               app=nginx
Replicas:               3 desired | 3 updated | 3 total | 3 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType:           RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds:        0
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:        nginx:1.16.1
    Port:         80/TCP
    Host Port:    0/TCP
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:       <none>

Response:
  Volumes:        <none>
Conditions:
  Type           Status  Reason
  ----           ------  ------
  Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing    True    NewReplicaSetAvailable
OldReplicaSets:  <none>
NewReplicaSet:   nginx-deployment-c4747d96c (3/3 replicas created)
Events:
  Type    Reason              Age   From                   Message
  ----    ------              ----  ----                   -------
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   12m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-75675f5897 to 3
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-c4747d96c to 1
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-75675f5897 to 2
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-c4747d96c to 2
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-75675f5897 to 1
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-c4747d96c to 3
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-75675f5897 to 0
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-595696685f to 1
  Normal  DeploymentRollback  15s   deployment-controller  Rolled back deployment "nginx-deployment" to revision 2
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   15s   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-595696685f to 0

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | You can scale a Deployment by using the following command:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Name:                   nginx-deployment
Namespace:              default
CreationTimestamp:      Sun, 02 Sep 2018 18:17:55 -0500
Labels:                 app=nginx
Annotations:            deployment.kubernetes.io/revision=4
                        kubernetes.io/change-cause=kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1
Selector:               app=nginx
Replicas:               3 desired | 3 updated | 3 total | 3 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType:           RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds:        0
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:        nginx:1.16.1
    Port:         80/TCP
    Host Port:    0/TCP
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:       <none>
  Volumes:        <none>
Conditions:
  Type           Status  Reason
  ----           ------  ------
  Available      True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing    True    NewReplicaSetAvailable
OldReplicaSets:  <none>
NewReplicaSet:   nginx-deployment-c4747d96c (3/3 replicas created)
Events:
  Type    Reason              Age   From                   Message
  ----    ------              ----  ----                   -------
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   12m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-75675f5897 to 3
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-c4747d96c to 1
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-75675f5897 to 2
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-c4747d96c to 2
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-75675f5897 to 1
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-c4747d96c to 3
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-75675f5897 to 0
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   11m   deployment-controller  Scaled up replica set nginx-deployment-595696685f to 1
  Normal  DeploymentRollback  15s   deployment-controller  Rolled back deployment "nginx-deployment" to revision 2
  Normal  ScalingReplicaSet   15s   deployment-controller  Scaled down replica set nginx-deployment-595696685f to 0

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | You can scale a Deployment by using the following command:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl scale deployment/nginx-deployment --replicas=10

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl autoscale deployment/nginx-deployment --min=10 --max=15 --cpu-percent=80

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                 DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deployment     10        10        10           10          50s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | You update to a new image which happens to be unresolvable from inside the cluster.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | You update to a new image which happens to be unresolvable from inside the cluster.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:sometag

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                          DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE
nginx-deployment-1989198191   5         5         0         9s
nginx-deployment-618515232    8         8         8         1m

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Then a new scaling request for the Deployment comes along. The autoscaler increments the Deployment replicas to 15. The Deployment controller needs to decide where to add these new 5 replicas. If you

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Then a new scaling request for the Deployment comes along. The autoscaler increments the Deployment replicas to 15. The Deployment controller needs to decide where to add these new 5 replicas. If you


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                 DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deployment     15        18        7            8           7m

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | The rollout status confirms how the replicas were added to each ReplicaSet.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | The rollout status confirms how the replicas were added to each ReplicaSet.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                          DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE
nginx-deployment-1989198191   7         7         0         7m
nginx-deployment-618515232    11        11        11        7m

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | When you update a Deployment, or plan to, you can pause rollouts for that Deployment before you trigger one or more updates. When you're ready to apply those changes, you resume rollouts for the Deplo

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | When you update a Deployment, or plan to, you can pause rollouts for that Deployment before you trigger one or more updates. When you're ready to apply those changes, you resume rollouts for the Deplo


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME      DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx     3         3         3            3           1m

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Get the rollout status:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Get the rollout status:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE
nginx-2142116321   3         3         3         1m

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Pause by running the following command:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Pause by running the following command:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.16.1

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

deployments "nginx"
REVISION  CHANGE-CAUSE
1   <none>

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Get the rollout status to verify that the existing ReplicaSet has not changed:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Get the rollout status to verify that the existing ReplicaSet has not changed:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE
nginx-2142116321   3         3         3         2m

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | You can make as many updates as you wish, for example, update the resources that will be used:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | You can make as many updates as you wish, for example, update the resources that will be used:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl set resources deployment/nginx-deployment -c=nginx --limits=cpu=200m,memory=512Mi

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

deployment.apps/nginx-deployment resource requirements updated

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | The initial state of the Deployment prior to pausing its rollout will continue its function, but new updates to the Deployment will not have any effect as long as the Deployment rollout is paused.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | The initial state of the Deployment prior to pausing its rollout will continue its function, but new updates to the Deployment will not have any effect as long as the Deployment rollout is paused.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE
nginx-2142116321   2         2         2         2m
nginx-3926361531   2         2         0         6s
nginx-3926361531   2         2         1         18s
nginx-2142116321   1         2         2         2m
nginx-2142116321   1         2         2         2m
nginx-3926361531   3         2         1         18s

Response:
nginx-3926361531   3         2         1         18s
nginx-2142116321   1         1         1         2m
nginx-3926361531   3         3         1         18s
nginx-3926361531   3         3         2         19s
nginx-2142116321   0         1         1         2m
nginx-2142116321   0         1         1         2m
nginx-2142116321   0         0         0         2m
nginx-3926361531   3         3         3         20s

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Get the status of the latest rollout:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE
nginx-2142116321   2         2         2         2m
nginx-3926361531   2         2         0         6s
nginx-3926361531   2         2         1         18s
nginx-2142116321   1         2         2         2m
nginx-2142116321   1         2         2         2m
nginx-3926361531   3         2         1         18s
nginx-3926361531   3         2         1         18s
nginx-2142116321   1         1         1         2m
nginx-3926361531   3         3         1         18s
nginx-3926361531   3         3         2         19s
nginx-2142116321   0         1         1         2m
nginx-2142116321   0         1         1         2m
nginx-2142116321   0         0         0         2m
nginx-3926361531   3         3         3         20s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Get the status of the latest rollout:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE
nginx-2142116321   0         0         0         2m
nginx-3926361531   3         3         3         28s

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | A Deployment enters various states during its lifecycle. It can be progressing while rolling out a new ReplicaSet, it can be complete, or it can fail to progress.

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | A Deployment enters various states during its lifecycle. It can be progressing while rolling out a new ReplicaSet, it can be complete, or it can fail to progress.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Waiting for rollout to finish: 2 of 3 updated replicas are available...
deployment "nginx-deployment" successfully rolled out

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | and the exit status from kubectl rollout is 0 (success):

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | and the exit status from kubectl rollout is 0 (success):


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl patch deployment/nginx-deployment -p '{"spec":{"progressDeadlineSeconds":600}}'

Response: This bash code 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

<...>
Conditions:
  Type            Status  Reason
  ----            ------  ------

Response:
  Available       True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing     True    ReplicaSetUpdated
  ReplicaFailure  True    FailedCreate
<...>

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | If you run kubectl get deployment nginx-deployment -o yaml, the Deployment status is similar to this:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

<...>
Conditions:
  Type            Status  Reason
  ----            ------  ------
  Available       True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing     True    ReplicaSetUpdated
  ReplicaFailure  True    FailedCreate
<...>

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | If you run kubectl get deployment nginx-deployment -o yaml, the Deployment status is similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

status:
  availableReplicas: 2
  conditions:
  - lastTransitionTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:39Z
    lastUpdateTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:39Z
    message: Replica set "nginx-deployment-4262182780" is progressing.
    reason: ReplicaSetUpdated
    status: "True"
    type: Progressing
  - lastTransitionTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:42Z
    lastUpdateTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:42Z
    message: Deployment has minimum availability.

Response:
    reason: MinimumReplicasAvailable
    status: "True"
    type: Available
  - lastTransitionTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:39Z
    lastUpdateTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:39Z
    message: 'Error creating: pods "nginx-deployment-4262182780-" is forbidden: exceeded quota:
      object-counts, requested: pods=1, used: pods=3, limited: pods=2'
    reason: FailedCreate
    status: "True"
    type: ReplicaFailure
  observedGeneration: 3
  replicas: 2
  unavailableReplicas: 2

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | Eventually, once the Deployment progress deadline is exceeded, Kubernetes updates the status and the reason for the Progressing condition:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

status:
  availableReplicas: 2
  conditions:
  - lastTransitionTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:39Z
    lastUpdateTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:39Z
    message: Replica set "nginx-deployment-4262182780" is progressing.
    reason: ReplicaSetUpdated
    status: "True"
    type: Progressing
  - lastTransitionTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:42Z
    lastUpdateTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:42Z
    message: Deployment has minimum availability.
    reason: MinimumReplicasAvailable
    status: "True"
    type: Available
  - lastTransitionTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:39Z
    lastUpdateTime: 2016-10-04T12:25:39Z
    message: 'Error creating: pods "nginx-deployment-4262182780-" is forbidden: exceeded quota:
      object-counts, requested: pods=1, used: pods=3, limited: pods=2'
    reason: FailedCreate
    status: "True"
    type: ReplicaFailure
  observedGeneration: 3
  replicas: 2
  unavailableReplicas: 2

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | Eventually, once the Deployment progress deadline is exceeded, Kubernetes updates the status and the reason for the Progressing condition:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Conditions:
  Type            Status  Reason
  ----            ------  ------

Response:
  Available       True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing     False   ProgressDeadlineExceeded
  ReplicaFailure  True    FailedCreate

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | You can address an issue of insufficient quota by scaling down your Deployment, by scaling down other controllers you may be running, or by increasing quota in your namespace. If you satisfy the quota


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Conditions:
  Type            Status  Reason
  ----            ------  ------
  Available       True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing     False   ProgressDeadlineExceeded
  ReplicaFailure  True    FailedCreate

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | You can address an issue of insufficient quota by scaling down your Deployment, by scaling down other controllers you may be running, or by increasing quota in your namespace. If you satisfy the quota


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Conditions:
  Type          Status  Reason

Response:
  ----          ------  ------
  Available     True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing   True    NewReplicaSetAvailable

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | type: Available with status: "True" means that your Deployment has minimum availability. Minimum availability is dictated by the parameters specified in the deployment strategy. type: Progressing with


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Conditions:
  Type          Status  Reason
  ----          ------  ------
  Available     True    MinimumReplicasAvailable
  Progressing   True    NewReplicaSetAvailable

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | type: Available with status: "True" means that your Deployment has minimum availability. Minimum availability is dictated by the parameters specified in the deployment strategy. type: Progressing with


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Waiting for rollout to finish: 2 out of 3 new replicas have been updated...
error: deployment "nginx" exceeded its progress deadline

Response: This text code 2.1 - Deployments | and the exit status from kubectl rollout is 1 (indicating an error):

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | and the exit status from kubectl rollout is 1 (indicating an error):


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 name: nginx-deployment
 labels:
   app: nginx
spec:
 replicas: 3
 selector:
   matchLabels:
     app: nginx
 template:

Response:
   metadata:
     labels:
       app: nginx
   spec:
     containers:
     - name: nginx
       image: nginx:1.14.2
       ports:
       - containerPort: 80
 strategy:
   type: RollingUpdate
   rollingUpdate:
     maxUnavailable: 1

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: nginx-deployment labels: app: nginx spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx template: metadata: labels:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 name: nginx-deployment
 labels:
   app: nginx
spec:
 replicas: 3
 selector:
   matchLabels:
     app: nginx
 template:
   metadata:
     labels:
       app: nginx
   spec:
     containers:
     - name: nginx
       image: nginx:1.14.2
       ports:
       - containerPort: 80
 strategy:
   type: RollingUpdate
   rollingUpdate:
     maxUnavailable: 1

Response: This yaml code 2.1 - Deployments | apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: nginx-deployment labels: app: nginx spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx template: metadata: labels:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 name: nginx-deployment
 labels:
   app: nginx
spec:
 replicas: 3
 selector:
   matchLabels:
     app: nginx
 template:

Response:
   metadata:
     labels:
       app: nginx
   spec:
     containers:
     - name: nginx
       image: nginx:1.14.2
       ports:
       - containerPort: 80
 strategy:
   type: RollingUpdate
   rollingUpdate:
     maxSurge: 1


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 name: nginx-deployment
 labels:
   app: nginx
spec:
 replicas: 3
 selector:
   matchLabels:
     app: nginx
 template:
   metadata:
     labels:
       app: nginx
   spec:
     containers:
     - name: nginx
       image: nginx:1.14.2
       ports:
       - containerPort: 80
 strategy:
   type: RollingUpdate
   rollingUpdate:
     maxSurge: 1

Response: This yaml code 2.1 - Deployments | apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: nginx-deployment labels: app: nginx spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx template: metadata: labels:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 name: nginx-deployment
 labels:
   app: nginx
spec:
 replicas: 3
 selector:
   matchLabels:
     app: nginx
 template:
   metadata:

Response:
     labels:
       app: nginx
   spec:
     containers:
     - name: nginx
       image: nginx:1.14.2
       ports:
       - containerPort: 80
 strategy:
   type: RollingUpdate
   rollingUpdate:
     maxSurge: 1
     maxUnavailable: 1

Context: 2.1 - Deployments | .spec.progressDeadlineSeconds is an optional field that specifies the number of seconds you want to wait for your Deployment to progress before the system reports back that the Deployment has failed p


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 name: nginx-deployment
 labels:
   app: nginx
spec:
 replicas: 3
 selector:
   matchLabels:
     app: nginx
 template:
   metadata:
     labels:
       app: nginx
   spec:
     containers:
     - name: nginx
       image: nginx:1.14.2
       ports:
       - containerPort: 80
 strategy:
   type: RollingUpdate
   rollingUpdate:
     maxSurge: 1
     maxUnavailable: 1

Response: This yaml code 2.1 - Deployments | .spec.progressDeadlineSeconds is an optional field that specifies the number of seconds you want to wait for your Deployment to progress before the system reports back that the Deployment has failed p


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: ReplicaSet
metadata:
  name: frontend
  labels:
    app: guestbook
    tier: frontend
spec:
  # modify replicas according to your case
  replicas: 3

Response:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      tier: frontend
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: frontend
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: php-redis
        image: us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/gb-frontend:v5

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Saving this manifest into frontend.yaml and submitting it to a Kubernetes cluster will create the defined ReplicaSet and the Pods that it manages.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: ReplicaSet
metadata:
  name: frontend
  labels:
    app: guestbook
    tier: frontend
spec:
  # modify replicas according to your case
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      tier: frontend
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: frontend
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: php-redis
        image: us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/gb-frontend:v5

Response: This yaml code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Saving this manifest into frontend.yaml and submitting it to a Kubernetes cluster will create the defined ReplicaSet and the Pods that it manages.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/controllers/frontend.yaml

Response: This bash code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You can then get the current ReplicaSets deployed:

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You can then get the current ReplicaSets deployed:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME       DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
frontend   3         3         3       6s

Response: This text code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You can also check on the state of the ReplicaSet:

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You can also check on the state of the ReplicaSet:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Name:         frontend
Namespace:    default
Selector:     tier=frontend
Labels:       app=guestbook
              tier=frontend
Annotations:  <none>
Replicas:     3 current / 3 desired
Pods Status:  3 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed
Pod Template:
  Labels:  tier=frontend
  Containers:
   php-redis:

Response:
    Image:        us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/gb-frontend:v5
    Port:         <none>
    Host Port:    <none>
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:       <none>
  Volumes:        <none>
Events:
  Type    Reason            Age   From                   Message
  ----    ------            ----  ----                   -------
  Normal  SuccessfulCreate  13s   replicaset-controller  Created pod: frontend-gbgfx
  Normal  SuccessfulCreate  13s   replicaset-controller  Created pod: frontend-rwz57
  Normal  SuccessfulCreate  13s   replicaset-controller  Created pod: frontend-wkl7w

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | And lastly you can check for the Pods brought up:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Name:         frontend
Namespace:    default
Selector:     tier=frontend
Labels:       app=guestbook
              tier=frontend
Annotations:  <none>
Replicas:     3 current / 3 desired
Pods Status:  3 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed
Pod Template:
  Labels:  tier=frontend
  Containers:
   php-redis:
    Image:        us-docker.pkg.dev/google-samples/containers/gke/gb-frontend:v5
    Port:         <none>
    Host Port:    <none>
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:       <none>
  Volumes:        <none>
Events:
  Type    Reason            Age   From                   Message
  ----    ------            ----  ----                   -------
  Normal  SuccessfulCreate  13s   replicaset-controller  Created pod: frontend-gbgfx
  Normal  SuccessfulCreate  13s   replicaset-controller  Created pod: frontend-rwz57
  Normal  SuccessfulCreate  13s   replicaset-controller  Created pod: frontend-wkl7w

Response: This text code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | And lastly you can check for the Pods brought up:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

NAME             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
frontend-gbgfx   1/1     Running   0          10m

Response:
frontend-rwz57   1/1     Running   0          10m
frontend-wkl7w   1/1     Running   0          10m

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You can also verify that the owner reference of these pods is set to the frontend ReplicaSet. To do this, get the yaml of one of the Pods running:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
frontend-gbgfx   1/1     Running   0          10m
frontend-rwz57   1/1     Running   0          10m
frontend-wkl7w   1/1     Running   0          10m

Response: This text code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You can also verify that the owner reference of these pods is set to the frontend ReplicaSet. To do this, get the yaml of one of the Pods running:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2024-02-28T22:30:44Z"
  generateName: frontend-
  labels:
    tier: frontend
  name: frontend-gbgfx

Response:
  namespace: default
  ownerReferences:
  - apiVersion: apps/v1
    blockOwnerDeletion: true
    controller: true
    kind: ReplicaSet
    name: frontend
    uid: e129deca-f864-481b-bb16-b27abfd92292
...

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | While you can create bare Pods with no problems, it is strongly recommended to make sure that the bare Pods do not have labels which match the selector of one of your ReplicaSets. The reason for this


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2024-02-28T22:30:44Z"
  generateName: frontend-
  labels:
    tier: frontend
  name: frontend-gbgfx
  namespace: default
  ownerReferences:
  - apiVersion: apps/v1
    blockOwnerDeletion: true
    controller: true
    kind: ReplicaSet
    name: frontend
    uid: e129deca-f864-481b-bb16-b27abfd92292
...

Response: This yaml code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | While you can create bare Pods with no problems, it is strongly recommended to make sure that the bare Pods do not have labels which match the selector of one of your ReplicaSets. The reason for this


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod1
  labels:
    tier: frontend
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello1
    image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:2.0

Response:
---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod2
  labels:
    tier: frontend
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello2
    image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | As those Pods do not have a Controller (or any object) as their owner reference and match the selector of the frontend ReplicaSet, they will immediately be acquired by it.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod1
  labels:
    tier: frontend
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello1
    image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:2.0

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod2
  labels:
    tier: frontend
spec:
  containers:
  - name: hello2
    image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0

Response: This yaml code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | As those Pods do not have a Controller (or any object) as their owner reference and match the selector of the frontend ReplicaSet, they will immediately be acquired by it.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/pods/pod-rs.yaml

Response: This bash code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | The new Pods will be acquired by the ReplicaSet, and then immediately terminated as the ReplicaSet would be over its desired count.

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | The new Pods will be acquired by the ReplicaSet, and then immediately terminated as the ReplicaSet would be over its desired count.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

NAME             READY   STATUS        RESTARTS   AGE
frontend-b2zdv   1/1     Running       0          10m
frontend-vcmts   1/1     Running       0          10m

Response:
frontend-wtsmm   1/1     Running       0          10m
pod1             0/1     Terminating   0          1s
pod2             0/1     Terminating   0          1s

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | If you create the Pods first:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME             READY   STATUS        RESTARTS   AGE
frontend-b2zdv   1/1     Running       0          10m
frontend-vcmts   1/1     Running       0          10m
frontend-wtsmm   1/1     Running       0          10m
pod1             0/1     Terminating   0          1s
pod2             0/1     Terminating   0          1s

Response: This text code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | If you create the Pods first:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/pods/pod-rs.yaml

Response: This bash code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | And then create the ReplicaSet however:

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | And then create the ReplicaSet however:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://kubernetes.io/examples/controllers/frontend.yaml

Response: This bash code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You shall see that the ReplicaSet has acquired the Pods and has only created new ones according to its spec until the number of its new Pods and the original matches its desired count. As fetching the

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You shall see that the ReplicaSet has acquired the Pods and has only created new ones according to its spec until the number of its new Pods and the original matches its desired count. As fetching the


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

NAME             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
frontend-hmmj2   1/1     Running   0          9s

Response:
pod1             1/1     Running   0          36s
pod2             1/1     Running   0          36s

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | In this manner, a ReplicaSet can own a non-homogeneous set of Pods


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
frontend-hmmj2   1/1     Running   0          9s
pod1             1/1     Running   0          36s
pod2             1/1     Running   0          36s

Response: This text code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | In this manner, a ReplicaSet can own a non-homogeneous set of Pods


Prompt:
Complete this bash code:

kubectl proxy --port=8080
curl -X DELETE  'localhost:8080/apis/apps/v1/namespaces/default/replicasets/frontend' \

Response:
  -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Foreground"}' \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json"

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You can delete a ReplicaSet without affecting any of its Pods using kubectl delete with the --cascade=orphan option. When using the REST API or the client-go library, you must set propagationPolicy to


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl proxy --port=8080
curl -X DELETE  'localhost:8080/apis/apps/v1/namespaces/default/replicasets/frontend' \
  -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Foreground"}' \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json"

Response: This bash code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | You can delete a ReplicaSet without affecting any of its Pods using kubectl delete with the --cascade=orphan option. When using the REST API or the client-go library, you must set propagationPolicy to


Prompt:
Complete this bash code:

kubectl proxy --port=8080
curl -X DELETE  'localhost:8080/apis/apps/v1/namespaces/default/replicasets/frontend' \

Response:
  -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Orphan"}' \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json"

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Once the original is deleted, you can create a new ReplicaSet to replace it. As long as the old and new .spec.selector are the same, then the new one will adopt the old Pods. However, it will not make


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl proxy --port=8080
curl -X DELETE  'localhost:8080/apis/apps/v1/namespaces/default/replicasets/frontend' \
  -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Orphan"}' \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json"

Response: This bash code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Once the original is deleted, you can create a new ReplicaSet to replace it. As long as the old and new .spec.selector are the same, then the new one will adopt the old Pods. However, it will not make


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: autoscaling/v1
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: frontend-scaler
spec:

Response:
  scaleTargetRef:
    kind: ReplicaSet
    name: frontend
  minReplicas: 3
  maxReplicas: 10
  targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 50

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Saving this manifest into hpa-rs.yaml and submitting it to a Kubernetes cluster should create the defined HPA that autoscales the target ReplicaSet depending on the CPU usage of the replicated Pods.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: autoscaling/v1
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: frontend-scaler
spec:
  scaleTargetRef:
    kind: ReplicaSet
    name: frontend
  minReplicas: 3
  maxReplicas: 10
  targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 50

Response: This yaml code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Saving this manifest into hpa-rs.yaml and submitting it to a Kubernetes cluster should create the defined HPA that autoscales the target ReplicaSet depending on the CPU usage of the replicated Pods.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/hpa-rs.yaml

Response: This bash code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Alternatively, you can use the kubectl autoscale command to accomplish the same (and it's easier!)

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Alternatively, you can use the kubectl autoscale command to accomplish the same (and it's easier!)


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl autoscale rs frontend --max=10 --min=3 --cpu-percent=50

Response: This bash code 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Deployment is an object which can own ReplicaSets and update them and their Pods via declarative, server-side rolling updates. While ReplicaSets can be used independently, today they're mainly used by

Context: 2.2 - ReplicaSet | Deployment is an object which can own ReplicaSets and update them and their Pods via declarative, server-side rolling updates. While ReplicaSets can be used independently, today they're mainly used by


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    name: web
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: nginx
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: web
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx # has to match .spec.template.metadata.labels
  serviceName: "nginx"
  replicas: 3 # by default is 1

Response:
  minReadySeconds: 10 # by default is 0
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx # has to match .spec.selector.matchLabels
    spec:
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: registry.k8s.io/nginx-slim:0.24
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: web
        volumeMounts:
        - name: www
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: www
    spec:
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      storageClassName: "my-storage-class"
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 1Gi

Context: 2.3 - StatefulSets | In the above example:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    name: web
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: nginx
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: web
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx # has to match .spec.template.metadata.labels
  serviceName: "nginx"
  replicas: 3 # by default is 1
  minReadySeconds: 10 # by default is 0
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx # has to match .spec.selector.matchLabels
    spec:
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: registry.k8s.io/nginx-slim:0.24
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: web
        volumeMounts:
        - name: www
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: www
    spec:
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      storageClassName: "my-storage-class"
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 1Gi

Response: This yaml code 2.3 - StatefulSets | In the above example:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:

Response:
  name: webapp
spec:
  revisionHistoryLimit: 5  # Keep last 5 revisions
  # ... other spec fields ...

Context: 2.3 - StatefulSets | You can revert to a previous configuration using:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: webapp
spec:
  revisionHistoryLimit: 5  # Keep last 5 revisions
  # ... other spec fields ...

Response: This yaml code 2.3 - StatefulSets | You can revert to a previous configuration using:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# View revision history
kubectl rollout history statefulset/webapp

Response:
# Rollback to a specific revision
kubectl rollout undo statefulset/webapp --to-revision=3

Context: 2.3 - StatefulSets | This will:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# View revision history
kubectl rollout history statefulset/webapp

# Rollback to a specific revision
kubectl rollout undo statefulset/webapp --to-revision=3

Response: This text code 2.3 - StatefulSets | This will:

Context: 2.3 - StatefulSets | This will: