Prompt:
Complete this bash code:

kubectl delete configmaps/game-config configmaps/game-config-2 configmaps/game-config-3 \
               configmaps/game-config-env-file
kubectl delete pod dapi-test-pod --now

Response:
# You might already have removed the next set
kubectl delete configmaps/special-config configmaps/env-config
kubectl delete configmap -l 'game-config in (config-4,config-5)'

Context: 22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Remove the kustomization.yaml file that you used to generate the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl delete configmaps/game-config configmaps/game-config-2 configmaps/game-config-3 \
               configmaps/game-config-env-file
kubectl delete pod dapi-test-pod --now

# You might already have removed the next set
kubectl delete configmaps/special-config configmaps/env-config
kubectl delete configmap -l 'game-config in (config-4,config-5)'

Response: This bash code 22 - Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap | Remove the kustomization.yaml file that you used to generate the ConfigMap:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  shareProcessNamespace: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx

Response:
  - name: shell
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ["sleep", "3600"]
    securityContext:
      capabilities:
        add:
        - SYS_PTRACE
    stdin: true
    tty: true

Context: 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Create the pod nginx on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  shareProcessNamespace: true
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
  - name: shell
    image: busybox:1.28
    command: ["sleep", "3600"]
    securityContext:
      capabilities:
        add:
        - SYS_PTRACE
    stdin: true
    tty: true

Response: This yaml code 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Create the pod nginx on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/share-process-namespace.yaml

Response: This bash code 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Attach to the shell container and run ps:

Context: 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Attach to the shell container and run ps:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

PID   USER     TIME  COMMAND
    1 root      0:00 /pause
    8 root      0:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;

Response:
   14 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   15 root      0:00 sh
   21 root      0:00 ps ax

Context: 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | You can signal processes in other containers. For example, send SIGHUP to nginx to restart the worker process. This requires the SYS_PTRACE capability.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

PID   USER     TIME  COMMAND
    1 root      0:00 /pause
    8 root      0:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
   14 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   15 root      0:00 sh
   21 root      0:00 ps ax

Response: This text code 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | You can signal processes in other containers. For example, send SIGHUP to nginx to restart the worker process. This requires the SYS_PTRACE capability.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# run this inside the "shell" container
kill -HUP 8   # change "8" to match the PID of the nginx leader process, if necessary
ps ax

Response: This text code 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | The output is similar to this:

Context: 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

PID   USER     TIME  COMMAND
    1 root      0:00 /pause
    8 root      0:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;

Response:
   15 root      0:00 sh
   22 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   23 root      0:00 ps ax

Context: 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | It's even possible to access the file system of another container using the /proc/$pid/root link.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

PID   USER     TIME  COMMAND
    1 root      0:00 /pause
    8 root      0:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
   15 root      0:00 sh
   22 101       0:00 nginx: worker process
   23 root      0:00 ps ax

Response: This text code 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | It's even possible to access the file system of another container using the /proc/$pid/root link.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# run this inside the "shell" container
# change "8" to the PID of the Nginx process, if necessary
head /proc/8/root/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Response: This text code 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | The output is similar to this:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;

Response:
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;

Context: 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Pods share many resources so it makes sense they would also share a process namespace. Some containers may expect to be isolated from others, though, so it's important to understand the differences:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;

Response: This text code 23 - Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod | Pods share many resources so it makes sense they would also share a process namespace. Some containers may expect to be isolated from others, though, so it's important to understand the differences:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: userns
spec:

Response:
  hostUsers: false
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian

Context: 24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: userns
spec:
  hostUsers: false
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian

Response: This yaml code 24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/user-namespaces-stateless.yaml

Response: This bash code 24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Exec into the pod and run readlink /proc/self/ns/user:

Context: 24 - Use a User Namespace With a Pod | Exec into the pod and run readlink /proc/self/ns/user:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]

Response:
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

Context: 25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

Response: This yaml code 25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/image-volumes.yaml

Response: This bash code 25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Attach to the container:

Context: 25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Attach to the container:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian

Response:
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
      subPath: dir
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: image-volume
spec:
  containers:
  - name: shell
    command: ["sleep", "infinity"]
    image: debian
    volumeMounts:
    - name: volume
      mountPath: /volume
      subPath: dir
  volumes:
  - name: volume
    image:
      reference: quay.io/crio/artifact:v2
      pullPolicy: IfNotPresent

Response: This yaml code 25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Create the pod on your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/image-volumes-subpath.yaml

Response: This bash code 25 - Use an Image Volume With a Pod | Attach to the container:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

# Run this command on the node where kubelet is running
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
cat <<EOF >/etc/kubernetes/manifests/static-web.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: static-web
  labels:
    role: myrole

Response:
spec:
  containers:
    - name: web
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - name: web
          containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
EOF

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | Configure the kubelet on that node to set a staticPodPath value in the kubelet configuration file.See Set Kubelet Parameters Via A Configuration File for more information.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

# Run this command on the node where kubelet is running
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
cat <<EOF >/etc/kubernetes/manifests/static-web.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: static-web
  labels:
    role: myrole
spec:
  containers:
    - name: web
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - name: web
          containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
EOF

Response: This yaml code 26 - Create static Pods | Configure the kubelet on that node to set a staticPodPath value in the kubelet configuration file.See Set Kubelet Parameters Via A Configuration File for more information.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run this command on the node where the kubelet is running
systemctl restart kubelet

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | Kubelet periodically downloads a file specified by --manifest-url=<URL> argument and interprets it as a JSON/YAML file that contains Pod definitions. Similar to how filesystem-hosted manifests work, t

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | Kubelet periodically downloads a file specified by --manifest-url=<URL> argument and interprets it as a JSON/YAML file that contains Pod definitions. Similar to how filesystem-hosted manifests work, t


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: static-web
  labels:
    role: myrole
spec:

Response:
  containers:
    - name: web
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - name: web
          containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | Configure the kubelet on your selected node to use this web manifest by running it with --manifest-url=<manifest-url>. On Fedora, edit /etc/kubernetes/kubelet to include this line:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: static-web
  labels:
    role: myrole
spec:
  containers:
    - name: web
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - name: web
          containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP

Response: This yaml code 26 - Create static Pods | Configure the kubelet on your selected node to use this web manifest by running it with --manifest-url=<manifest-url>. On Fedora, edit /etc/kubernetes/kubelet to include this line:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

KUBELET_ARGS="--cluster-dns=10.254.0.10 --cluster-domain=kube.local --manifest-url=<manifest-url>"

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | Restart the kubelet. On Fedora, you would run:

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | Restart the kubelet. On Fedora, you would run:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run this command on the node where the kubelet is running
systemctl restart kubelet

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | When the kubelet starts, it automatically starts all defined static Pods. As you have defined a static Pod and restarted the kubelet, the new static Pod should already be running.

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | When the kubelet starts, it automatically starts all defined static Pods. As you have defined a static Pod and restarted the kubelet, the new static Pod should already be running.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run this command on the node where the kubelet is running
crictl ps

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | The output might be something like:

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | The output might be something like:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

CONTAINER       IMAGE                                 CREATED           STATE      NAME    ATTEMPT    POD ID
129fd7d382018   docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:...    11 minutes ago    Running    web     0          34533c6729106

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | You can see the mirror Pod on the API server:

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | You can see the mirror Pod on the API server:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                  READY   STATUS    RESTARTS        AGE
static-web-my-node1   1/1     Running   0               2m

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | Labels from the static Pod are propagated into the mirror Pod. You can use those labels as normal via selectors, etc.

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | Labels from the static Pod are propagated into the mirror Pod. You can use those labels as normal via selectors, etc.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                  READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
static-web-my-node1   1/1     Running   0          4s

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | Back on your node where the kubelet is running, you can try to stop the container manually. You'll see that, after a time, the kubelet will notice and will restart the Pod automatically:

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | Back on your node where the kubelet is running, you can try to stop the container manually. You'll see that, after a time, the kubelet will notice and will restart the Pod automatically:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# Run these commands on the node where the kubelet is running
crictl stop 129fd7d382018 # replace with the ID of your container

Response:
sleep 20
crictl ps

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | Once you identify the right container, you can get the logs for that container with crictl:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run these commands on the node where the kubelet is running
crictl stop 129fd7d382018 # replace with the ID of your container
sleep 20
crictl ps

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | Once you identify the right container, you can get the logs for that container with crictl:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

CONTAINER       IMAGE                                 CREATED           STATE      NAME    ATTEMPT    POD ID
89db4553e1eeb   docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:...    19 seconds ago    Running    web     1          34533c6729106

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | Once you identify the right container, you can get the logs for that container with crictl:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Run these commands on the node where the container is running
crictl logs <container_id>

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | To find more about how to debug using crictl, please visit Debugging Kubernetes nodes with crictl.

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | To find more about how to debug using crictl, please visit Debugging Kubernetes nodes with crictl.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

10.240.0.48 - - [16/Nov/2022:12:45:49 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
10.240.0.48 - - [16/Nov/2022:12:45:50 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"
10.240.0.48 - - [16/Nove/2022:12:45:51 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.47.0" "-"

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | To find more about how to debug using crictl, please visit Debugging Kubernetes nodes with crictl.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# This assumes you are using filesystem-hosted static Pod configuration
# Run these commands on the node where the container is running
#
mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/static-web.yaml /tmp
sleep 20

Response:
crictl ps
# You see that no nginx container is running
mv /tmp/static-web.yaml  /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
sleep 20
crictl ps

Context: 26 - Create static Pods | What's Kompose? It's a conversion tool for all things compose (namely Docker Compose) to container orchestrators (Kubernetes or OpenShift).


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This assumes you are using filesystem-hosted static Pod configuration
# Run these commands on the node where the container is running
#
mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/static-web.yaml /tmp
sleep 20
crictl ps
# You see that no nginx container is running
mv /tmp/static-web.yaml  /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
sleep 20
crictl ps

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | What's Kompose? It's a conversion tool for all things compose (namely Docker Compose) to container orchestrators (Kubernetes or OpenShift).


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

CONTAINER       IMAGE                                 CREATED           STATE      NAME    ATTEMPT    POD ID
f427638871c35   docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:...    19 seconds ago    Running    web     1          34533c6729106

Response: This text code 26 - Create static Pods | What's Kompose? It's a conversion tool for all things compose (namely Docker Compose) to container orchestrators (Kubernetes or OpenShift).


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# Linux
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-linux-amd64 -o kompose

# macOS
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-darwin-amd64 -o kompose

Response:
# Windows
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-windows-amd64.exe -o kompose.exe

chmod +x kompose
sudo mv ./kompose /usr/local/bin/kompose

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Alternatively, you can download the tarball.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Linux
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-linux-amd64 -o kompose

# macOS
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-darwin-amd64 -o kompose

# Windows
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.34.0/kompose-windows-amd64.exe -o kompose.exe

chmod +x kompose
sudo mv ./kompose /usr/local/bin/kompose

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Alternatively, you can download the tarball.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

services:

  redis-leader:
    container_name: redis-leader
    image: redis
    ports:
      - "6379"

  redis-replica:
    container_name: redis-replica
    image: redis
    ports:

Response:
      - "6379"
    command: redis-server --replicaof redis-leader 6379 --dir /tmp

  web:
    container_name: web
    image: quay.io/kompose/web
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    environment:
      - GET_HOSTS_FROM=dns
    labels:
      kompose.service.type: LoadBalancer

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | To convert the docker-compose.yml file to files that you can use with kubectl, run kompose convert and then kubectl apply -f <output file>.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

services:

  redis-leader:
    container_name: redis-leader
    image: redis
    ports:
      - "6379"

  redis-replica:
    container_name: redis-replica
    image: redis
    ports:
      - "6379"
    command: redis-server --replicaof redis-leader 6379 --dir /tmp

  web:
    container_name: web
    image: quay.io/kompose/web
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    environment:
      - GET_HOSTS_FROM=dns
    labels:
      kompose.service.type: LoadBalancer

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | To convert the docker-compose.yml file to files that you can use with kubectl, run kompose convert and then kubectl apply -f <output file>.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

INFO Kubernetes file "redis-leader-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-replica-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-tcp-service.yaml" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-leader-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-replica-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-deployment.yaml" created

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The output is similar to:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

INFO Kubernetes file "redis-leader-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-replica-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-tcp-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-leader-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-replica-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-deployment.yaml" created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The output is similar to:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f web-tcp-service.yaml,redis-leader-service.yaml,redis-replica-service.yaml,web-deployment.yaml,redis-leader-deployment.yaml,redis-replica-deployment.yaml

Response: This bash code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The output is similar to:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

deployment.apps/redis-leader created
deployment.apps/redis-replica created
deployment.apps/web created

Response:
service/redis-leader created
service/redis-replica created
service/web-tcp created

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Your deployments are running in Kubernetes.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

deployment.apps/redis-leader created
deployment.apps/redis-replica created
deployment.apps/web created
service/redis-leader created
service/redis-replica created
service/web-tcp created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Your deployments are running in Kubernetes.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Name:                     web-tcp
 Namespace:                default
 Labels:                   io.kompose.service=web-tcp
 Annotations:              kompose.cmd: kompose convert
                           kompose.service.type: LoadBalancer
                           kompose.version: 1.33.0 (3ce457399)
 Selector:                 io.kompose.service=web
 Type:                     LoadBalancer
 IP Family Policy:         SingleStack

Response:
 IP Families:              IPv4
 IP:                       10.102.30.3
 IPs:                      10.102.30.3
 Port:                     8080  8080/TCP
 TargetPort:               8080/TCP
 NodePort:                 8080  31624/TCP
 Endpoints:                10.244.0.5:8080
 Session Affinity:         None
 External Traffic Policy:  Cluster
 Events:                   <none>

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | If you're using a cloud provider, your IP will be listed next to LoadBalancer Ingress.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Name:                     web-tcp
 Namespace:                default
 Labels:                   io.kompose.service=web-tcp
 Annotations:              kompose.cmd: kompose convert
                           kompose.service.type: LoadBalancer
                           kompose.version: 1.33.0 (3ce457399)
 Selector:                 io.kompose.service=web
 Type:                     LoadBalancer
 IP Family Policy:         SingleStack
 IP Families:              IPv4
 IP:                       10.102.30.3
 IPs:                      10.102.30.3
 Port:                     8080  8080/TCP
 TargetPort:               8080/TCP
 NodePort:                 8080  31624/TCP
 Endpoints:                10.244.0.5:8080
 Session Affinity:         None
 External Traffic Policy:  Cluster
 Events:                   <none>

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | If you're using a cloud provider, your IP will be listed next to LoadBalancer Ingress.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl delete -f web-tcp-service.yaml,redis-leader-service.yaml,redis-replica-service.yaml,web-deployment.yaml,redis-leader-deployment.yaml,redis-replica-deployment.yaml

Response: This bash code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Kompose has support for two providers: OpenShift and Kubernetes. You can choose a targeted provider using global option --provider. If no provider is specified, Kubernetes is set by default.

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | Kompose has support for two providers: OpenShift and Kubernetes. You can choose a targeted provider using global option --provider. If no provider is specified, Kubernetes is set by default.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

WARN Unsupported key networks - ignoring
WARN Unsupported key build - ignoring
INFO Kubernetes file "worker-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "db-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "result-svc.yaml" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "vote-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "result-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "vote-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "worker-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "db-deployment.yaml" created

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | You can also provide multiple docker-compose files at the same time:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

WARN Unsupported key networks - ignoring
WARN Unsupported key build - ignoring
INFO Kubernetes file "worker-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "db-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "result-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "vote-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "result-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "vote-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "worker-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "db-deployment.yaml" created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | You can also provide multiple docker-compose files at the same time:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

db-deployment.yaml  docker-compose.yml         docker-gitlab.yml  redis-deployment.yaml  result-deployment.yaml  vote-deployment.yaml  worker-deployment.yaml
db-svc.yaml         docker-voting.yml          redis-svc.yaml     result-svc.yaml        vote-svc.yaml           worker-svc.yaml

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | You can also provide multiple docker-compose files at the same time:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-guestbook.yml convert

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | When multiple docker-compose files are provided the configuration is merged. Any configuration that is common will be overridden by subsequent file.

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | When multiple docker-compose files are provided the configuration is merged. Any configuration that is common will be overridden by subsequent file.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

INFO Kubernetes file "frontend-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mlbparks-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mongodb-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-master-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-slave-service.yaml" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "frontend-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mlbparks-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mongodb-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mongodb-claim0-persistentvolumeclaim.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-master-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-slave-deployment.yaml" created


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

INFO Kubernetes file "frontend-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mlbparks-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mongodb-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-master-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-slave-service.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "frontend-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mlbparks-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mongodb-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "mongodb-claim0-persistentvolumeclaim.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-master-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-slave-deployment.yaml" created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | When multiple docker-compose files are provided the configuration is merged. Any configuration that is common will be overridden by subsequent file.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

mlbparks-deployment.yaml  mongodb-service.yaml                       redis-slave-service.jsonmlbparks-service.yaml
frontend-deployment.yaml  mongodb-claim0-persistentvolumeclaim.yaml  redis-master-service.yaml

Response:
frontend-service.yaml     mongodb-deployment.yaml                    redis-slave-deployment.yaml
redis-master-deployment.yaml


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

mlbparks-deployment.yaml  mongodb-service.yaml                       redis-slave-service.jsonmlbparks-service.yaml
frontend-deployment.yaml  mongodb-claim0-persistentvolumeclaim.yaml  redis-master-service.yaml
frontend-service.yaml     mongodb-deployment.yaml                    redis-slave-deployment.yaml
redis-master-deployment.yaml

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | When multiple docker-compose files are provided the configuration is merged. Any configuration that is common will be overridden by subsequent file.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose --provider openshift --file docker-voting.yml convert

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | It also supports creating buildconfig for build directive in a service. By default, it uses the remote repo for the current git branch as the source repo, and the current branch as the source branch f

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | It also supports creating buildconfig for build directive in a service. By default, it uses the remote repo for the current git branch as the source repo, and the current branch as the source branch f


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

WARN [worker] Service cannot be created because of missing port.
INFO OpenShift file "vote-service.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "db-service.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "redis-service.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "result-service.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "vote-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "vote-imagestream.yaml" created

Response:
INFO OpenShift file "worker-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "worker-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "db-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "db-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "redis-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "redis-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "result-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "result-imagestream.yaml" created


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

WARN [worker] Service cannot be created because of missing port.
INFO OpenShift file "vote-service.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "db-service.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "redis-service.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "result-service.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "vote-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "vote-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "worker-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "worker-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "db-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "db-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "redis-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "redis-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "result-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "result-imagestream.yaml" created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | It also supports creating buildconfig for build directive in a service. By default, it uses the remote repo for the current git branch as the source repo, and the current branch as the source branch f


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose --provider openshift --file buildconfig/docker-compose.yml convert

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The default kompose transformation will generate Kubernetes Deployments and Services, in yaml format. You have alternative option to generate json with -j. Also, you can alternatively generate Replica

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The default kompose transformation will generate Kubernetes Deployments and Services, in yaml format. You have alternative option to generate json with -j. Also, you can alternatively generate Replica


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

WARN [foo] Service cannot be created because of missing port.
INFO OpenShift Buildconfig using git@github.com:rtnpro/kompose.git::master as source.

Response:
INFO OpenShift file "foo-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "foo-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "foo-buildconfig.yaml" created


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

WARN [foo] Service cannot be created because of missing port.
INFO OpenShift Buildconfig using git@github.com:rtnpro/kompose.git::master as source.
INFO OpenShift file "foo-deploymentconfig.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "foo-imagestream.yaml" created
INFO OpenShift file "foo-buildconfig.yaml" created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The default kompose transformation will generate Kubernetes Deployments and Services, in yaml format. You have alternative option to generate json with -j. Also, you can alternatively generate Replica


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

kompose convert -j
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.json" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-deployment.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-deployment.json" created

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-deployment.json files contain the Deployment objects.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose convert -j
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-deployment.json" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-deployment.json" created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-deployment.json files contain the Deployment objects.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

kompose convert --replication-controller
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-replicationcontroller.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-replicationcontroller.yaml" created

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-replicationcontroller.yaml files contain the Replication Controller objects. If you want to specify replicas (default is 1), use --replicas flag: kompose convert --replication-controller --repli


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose convert --replication-controller
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-replicationcontroller.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-replicationcontroller.yaml" created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-replicationcontroller.yaml files contain the Replication Controller objects. If you want to specify replicas (default is 1), use --replicas flag: kompose convert --replication-controller --repli


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

kompose convert --daemon-set
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-daemonset.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-daemonset.yaml" created

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-daemonset.yaml files contain the DaemonSet objects.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

kompose convert --daemon-set
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-daemonset.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-daemonset.yaml" created

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The *-daemonset.yaml files contain the DaemonSet objects.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created

Response:
INFO Kubernetes file "web-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-deployment.yaml" created
chart created in "./docker-compose/"

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The chart structure is aimed at providing a skeleton for building your Helm charts.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

INFO Kubernetes file "web-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-svc.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "web-deployment.yaml" created
INFO Kubernetes file "redis-deployment.yaml" created
chart created in "./docker-compose/"

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The chart structure is aimed at providing a skeleton for building your Helm charts.


Prompt:
Complete this bash code:

docker-compose
├── Chart.yaml
├── README.md
└── templates

Response:
    ├── redis-deployment.yaml
    ├── redis-svc.yaml
    ├── web-deployment.yaml
    └── web-svc.yaml


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

docker-compose
├── Chart.yaml
├── README.md
└── templates
    ├── redis-deployment.yaml
    ├── redis-svc.yaml
    ├── web-deployment.yaml
    └── web-svc.yaml

Response: This bash code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The chart structure is aimed at providing a skeleton for building your Helm charts.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

version: "2"
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx
    dockerfile: foobar

Response:
    build: ./foobar
    cap_add:
      - ALL
    container_name: foobar
    labels:
      kompose.service.type: nodeport

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | kompose.service.expose defines if the service needs to be made accessible from outside the cluster or not. If the value is set to "true", the provider sets the endpoint automatically, and for any othe


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

version: "2"
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx
    dockerfile: foobar
    build: ./foobar
    cap_add:
      - ALL
    container_name: foobar
    labels:
      kompose.service.type: nodeport

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | kompose.service.expose defines if the service needs to be made accessible from outside the cluster or not. If the value is set to "true", the provider sets the endpoint automatically, and for any othe


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

version: "2"
services:
  web:
    image: tuna/docker-counter23
    ports:
    - "5000:5000"
    links:

Response:
    - redis
    labels:
      kompose.service.expose: "counter.example.com"
  redis:
    image: redis:3.0
    ports:
    - "6379"

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The currently supported options are:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

version: "2"
services:
  web:
    image: tuna/docker-counter23
    ports:
    - "5000:5000"
    links:
    - redis
    labels:
      kompose.service.expose: "counter.example.com"
  redis:
    image: redis:3.0
    ports:
    - "6379"

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | The currently supported options are:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

version: '2'

services:

Response:
  pival:
    image: perl
    command: ["perl",  "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
    restart: "on-failure"

Context: 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | If the Docker Compose file has a volume specified for a service, the Deployment (Kubernetes) or DeploymentConfig (OpenShift) strategy is changed to "Recreate" instead of "RollingUpdate" (default). Thi


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

version: '2'

services:
  pival:
    image: perl
    command: ["perl",  "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
    restart: "on-failure"

Response: This text code 27 - Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources | If the Docker Compose file has a volume specified for a service, the Deployment (Kubernetes) or DeploymentConfig (OpenShift) strategy is changed to "Recreate" instead of "RollingUpdate" (default). Thi


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apiserver.config.k8s.io/v1
kind: AdmissionConfiguration
plugins:
- name: PodSecurity
  configuration:
    apiVersion: pod-security.admission.config.k8s.io/v1 # see compatibility note
    kind: PodSecurityConfiguration
    # Defaults applied when a mode label is not set.
    #
    # Level label values must be one of:
    # - "privileged" (default)
    # - "baseline"
    # - "restricted"
    #
    # Version label values must be one of:

Response:
    # - "latest" (default)
    # - specific version like "v1.34"
    defaults:
      enforce: "privileged"
      enforce-version: "latest"
      audit: "privileged"
      audit-version: "latest"
      warn: "privileged"
      warn-version: "latest"
    exemptions:
      # Array of authenticated usernames to exempt.
      usernames: []
      # Array of runtime class names to exempt.
      runtimeClasses: []
      # Array of namespaces to exempt.
      namespaces: []

Context: 28 - Enforce Pod Security Standards by Configuring the Built-in Admission Controller | Namespaces can be labeled to enforce the Pod Security Standards. The three policies privileged, baseline and restricted broadly cover the security spectrum and are implemented by the Pod Security admi


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apiserver.config.k8s.io/v1
kind: AdmissionConfiguration
plugins:
- name: PodSecurity
  configuration:
    apiVersion: pod-security.admission.config.k8s.io/v1 # see compatibility note
    kind: PodSecurityConfiguration
    # Defaults applied when a mode label is not set.
    #
    # Level label values must be one of:
    # - "privileged" (default)
    # - "baseline"
    # - "restricted"
    #
    # Version label values must be one of:
    # - "latest" (default)
    # - specific version like "v1.34"
    defaults:
      enforce: "privileged"
      enforce-version: "latest"
      audit: "privileged"
      audit-version: "latest"
      warn: "privileged"
      warn-version: "latest"
    exemptions:
      # Array of authenticated usernames to exempt.
      usernames: []
      # Array of runtime class names to exempt.
      runtimeClasses: []
      # Array of namespaces to exempt.
      namespaces: []

Response: This yaml code 28 - Enforce Pod Security Standards by Configuring the Built-in Admission Controller | Namespaces can be labeled to enforce the Pod Security Standards. The three policies privileged, baseline and restricted broadly cover the security spectrum and are implemented by the Pod Security admi


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: my-baseline-namespace
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: baseline

Response:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version: v1.34

    # We are setting these to our _desired_ `enforce` level.
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit: restricted
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit-version: v1.34
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn: restricted
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn-version: v1.34

Context: 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | It is helpful to apply the --dry-run flag when initially evaluating security profile changes for namespaces. The Pod Security Standard checks will still be run in dry run mode, giving you information


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: my-baseline-namespace
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: baseline
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version: v1.34

    # We are setting these to our _desired_ `enforce` level.
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit: restricted
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit-version: v1.34
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn: restricted
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn-version: v1.34

Response: This yaml code 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | It is helpful to apply the --dry-run flag when initially evaluating security profile changes for namespaces. The Pod Security Standard checks will still be run in dry run mode, giving you information


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --dry-run=server --overwrite ns --all \
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=baseline

Response: This bash code 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | If you're just getting started with the Pod Security Standards, a suitable first step would be to configure all namespaces with audit annotations for a stricter level such as baseline:

Context: 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | If you're just getting started with the Pod Security Standards, a suitable first step would be to configure all namespaces with audit annotations for a stricter level such as baseline:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --overwrite ns --all \
  pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit=baseline \
  pod-security.kubernetes.io/warn=baseline

Response: This bash code 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | Note that this is not setting an enforce level, so that namespaces that haven't been explicitly evaluated can be distinguished. You can list namespaces without an explicitly set enforce level using th

Context: 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | Note that this is not setting an enforce level, so that namespaces that haven't been explicitly evaluated can be distinguished. You can list namespaces without an explicitly set enforce level using th


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get namespaces --selector='!pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce'

Response: This bash code 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | You can update a specific namespace as well. This command adds the enforce=restricted policy to my-existing-namespace, pinning the restricted policy version to v1.34.

Context: 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | You can update a specific namespace as well. This command adds the enforce=restricted policy to my-existing-namespace, pinning the restricted policy version to v1.34.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --overwrite ns my-existing-namespace \
  pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=restricted \
  pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version=v1.34

Response: This bash code 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | This page describes the process of migrating from PodSecurityPolicies to the built-in PodSecurity admission controller. This can be done effectively using a combination of dry-run and audit and warn m

Context: 29 - Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels | This page describes the process of migrating from PodSecurityPolicies to the built-in PodSecurity admission controller. This can be done effectively using a combination of dry-run and audit and warn m


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

PSP_NAME="original" # Set the name of the PSP you're checking for
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o jsonpath="{range .items[?(@.metadata.annotations.kubernetes\.io\/psp=='$PSP_NAME')]}{.metadata.namespace} {.metadata.name}{'\n'}{end}"

Response: This text code 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | The following steps will need to be performed on every namespace in the cluster. Commands referenced in these steps use the $NAMESPACE variable to refer to the namespace being updated.

Context: 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | The following steps will need to be performed on every namespace in the cluster. Commands referenced in these steps use the $NAMESPACE variable to refer to the namespace being updated.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pods -n $NAMESPACE -o jsonpath="{.items[*].metadata.annotations.kubernetes\.io\/psp}" | tr " " "\n" | sort -u

Response: This bash code 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Once you have selected a Pod Security level for the namespace (or if you're trying several), it's a good idea to test it out first (you can skip this step if using the Privileged level). Pod Security

Context: 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Once you have selected a Pod Security level for the namespace (or if you're trying several), it's a good idea to test it out first (you can skip this step if using the Privileged level). Pod Security


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# $LEVEL is the level to dry-run, either "baseline" or "restricted".
kubectl label --dry-run=server --overwrite ns $NAMESPACE pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=$LEVEL

Response: This text code 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | This command will return a warning for any existing pods that are not valid under the proposed level.

Context: 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | This command will return a warning for any existing pods that are not valid under the proposed level.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --overwrite ns $NAMESPACE pod-security.kubernetes.io/audit=$LEVEL

Response: This bash code 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | If either of these approaches yield unexpected violations, you will need to either update the violating workloads to meet the policy requirements, or relax the namespace Pod Security level.

Context: 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | If either of these approaches yield unexpected violations, you will need to either update the violating workloads to meet the policy requirements, or relax the namespace Pod Security level.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl label --overwrite ns $NAMESPACE pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=$LEVEL

Response: This bash code 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Finally, you can effectively bypass PodSecurityPolicy at the namespace level by binding the fully privileged PSP to all service accounts in the namespace.

Context: 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Finally, you can effectively bypass PodSecurityPolicy at the namespace level by binding the fully privileged PSP to all service accounts in the namespace.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# The following cluster-scoped commands are only needed once.
kubectl apply -f privileged-psp.yaml
kubectl create clusterrole privileged-psp --verb use --resource podsecuritypolicies.policy --resource-name privileged

Response:
# Per-namespace disable
kubectl create -n $NAMESPACE rolebinding disable-psp --clusterrole privileged-psp --group system:serviceaccounts:$NAMESPACE

Context: 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Since the privileged PSP is non-mutating, and the PSP admission controller always prefers non-mutating PSPs, this will ensure that pods in this namespace are no longer being modified or restricted by


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# The following cluster-scoped commands are only needed once.
kubectl apply -f privileged-psp.yaml
kubectl create clusterrole privileged-psp --verb use --resource podsecuritypolicies.policy --resource-name privileged

# Per-namespace disable
kubectl create -n $NAMESPACE rolebinding disable-psp --clusterrole privileged-psp --group system:serviceaccounts:$NAMESPACE

Response: This text code 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Since the privileged PSP is non-mutating, and the PSP admission controller always prefers non-mutating PSPs, this will ensure that pods in this namespace are no longer being modified or restricted by


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Undo PodSecurityPolicy disablement.
kubectl delete -n $NAMESPACE rolebinding disable-psp

Response: This text code 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Now that existing namespaces have been updated to enforce Pod Security Admission, you should ensure that your processes and/or policies for creating new namespaces are updated to ensure that an approp

Context: 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | Now that existing namespaces have been updated to enforce Pod Security Admission, you should ensure that your processes and/or policies for creating new namespaces are updated to ensure that an approp


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

I0218 00:59:44.903329      13 plugins.go:158] Loaded 16 mutating admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,NodeRestriction,TaintNodesByCondition,Priority,DefaultTolerationSeconds,ExtendedResourceToleration,PersistentVolumeLabel,DefaultStorageClass,StorageObjectInUseProtection,RuntimeClass,DefaultIngressClass,MutatingAdmissionWebhook.
I0218 00:59:44.903350      13 plugins.go:161] Loaded 14 validating admission controller(s) successfully in the following order: LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,PodSecurity,Priority,PersistentVolumeClaimResize,RuntimeClass,CertificateApproval,CertificateSigning,CertificateSubjectRestriction,DenyServiceExternalIPs,ValidatingAdmissionWebhook,ResourceQuota.

Response: This text code 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | You should see PodSecurity (in the validating admission controllers), and neither list should contain PodSecurityPolicy.

Context: 30 - Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller | You should see PodSecurity (in the validating admission controllers), and neither list should contain PodSecurityPolicy.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: memory-demo
  namespace: mem-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: memory-demo-ctr

Response:
    image: polinux/stress
    resources:
      requests:
        memory: "100Mi"
      limits:
        memory: "200Mi"
    command: ["stress"]
    args: ["--vm", "1", "--vm-bytes", "150M", "--vm-hang", "1"]

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The args section in the configuration file provides arguments for the Container when it starts. The "--vm-bytes", "150M" arguments tell the Container to attempt to allocate 150 MiB of memory.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: memory-demo
  namespace: mem-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: memory-demo-ctr
    image: polinux/stress
    resources:
      requests:
        memory: "100Mi"
      limits:
        memory: "200Mi"
    command: ["stress"]
    args: ["--vm", "1", "--vm-bytes", "150M", "--vm-hang", "1"]

Response: This yaml code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The args section in the configuration file provides arguments for the Container when it starts. The "--vm-bytes", "150M" arguments tell the Container to attempt to allocate 150 MiB of memory.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/resource/memory-request-limit.yaml --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Verify that the Pod Container is running:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Verify that the Pod Container is running:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo --output=yaml --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the one Container in the Pod has a memory request of 100 MiB and a memory limit of 200 MiB.

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the one Container in the Pod has a memory request of 100 MiB and a memory limit of 200 MiB.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

...
resources:
  requests:

Response:
    memory: 100Mi
  limits:
    memory: 200Mi
...

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Run kubectl top to fetch the metrics for the pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

...
resources:
  requests:
    memory: 100Mi
  limits:
    memory: 200Mi
...

Response: This yaml code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Run kubectl top to fetch the metrics for the pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl top pod memory-demo --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Pod is using about 162,900,000 bytes of memory, which is about 150 MiB. This is greater than the Pod's 100 MiB request, but within the Pod's 200 MiB limit.

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Pod is using about 162,900,000 bytes of memory, which is about 150 MiB. This is greater than the Pod's 100 MiB request, but within the Pod's 200 MiB limit.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                        CPU(cores)   MEMORY(bytes)
memory-demo                 <something>  162856960

Response: This text code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Delete your Pod:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Delete your Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete pod memory-demo --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | A Container can exceed its memory request if the Node has memory available. But a Container is not allowed to use more than its memory limit. If a Container allocates more memory than its limit, the C

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | A Container can exceed its memory request if the Node has memory available. But a Container is not allowed to use more than its memory limit. If a Container allocates more memory than its limit, the C


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: memory-demo-2
  namespace: mem-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: memory-demo-2-ctr

Response:
    image: polinux/stress
    resources:
      requests:
        memory: "50Mi"
      limits:
        memory: "100Mi"
    command: ["stress"]
    args: ["--vm", "1", "--vm-bytes", "250M", "--vm-hang", "1"]

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | In the args section of the configuration file, you can see that the Container will attempt to allocate 250 MiB of memory, which is well above the 100 MiB limit.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: memory-demo-2
  namespace: mem-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: memory-demo-2-ctr
    image: polinux/stress
    resources:
      requests:
        memory: "50Mi"
      limits:
        memory: "100Mi"
    command: ["stress"]
    args: ["--vm", "1", "--vm-bytes", "250M", "--vm-hang", "1"]

Response: This yaml code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | In the args section of the configuration file, you can see that the Container will attempt to allocate 250 MiB of memory, which is well above the 100 MiB limit.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/resource/memory-request-limit-2.yaml --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo-2 --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | At this point, the Container might be running or killed. Repeat the preceding command until the Container is killed:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | At this point, the Container might be running or killed. Repeat the preceding command until the Container is killed:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

NAME            READY     STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
memory-demo-2   0/1       OOMKilled   1          24s

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Get a more detailed view of the Container status:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Get a more detailed view of the Container status:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo-2 --output=yaml --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container was killed because it is out of memory (OOM):

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container was killed because it is out of memory (OOM):


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

lastState:
   terminated:
     containerID: 65183c1877aaec2e8427bc95609cc52677a454b56fcb24340dbd22917c23b10f

Response:
     exitCode: 137
     finishedAt: 2017-06-20T20:52:19Z
     reason: OOMKilled
     startedAt: null

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The Container in this exercise can be restarted, so the kubelet restarts it. Repeat this command several times to see that the Container is repeatedly killed and restarted:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

lastState:
   terminated:
     containerID: 65183c1877aaec2e8427bc95609cc52677a454b56fcb24340dbd22917c23b10f
     exitCode: 137
     finishedAt: 2017-06-20T20:52:19Z
     reason: OOMKilled
     startedAt: null

Response: This yaml code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The Container in this exercise can be restarted, so the kubelet restarts it. Repeat this command several times to see that the Container is repeatedly killed and restarted:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo-2 --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container is killed, restarted, killed again, restarted again, and so on:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container is killed, restarted, killed again, restarted again, and so on:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo-2 --namespace=mem-example
NAME            READY     STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
memory-demo-2   0/1       OOMKilled   1          37s

Response: This bash code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod history:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod history:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo-2 --namespace=mem-example
NAME            READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
memory-demo-2   1/1       Running   2          40s

Response: This bash code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod history:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl describe pod memory-demo-2 --namespace=mem-example

Response: This bash code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container starts and fails repeatedly:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container starts and fails repeatedly:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

... Normal  Created   Created container with id 66a3a20aa7980e61be4922780bf9d24d1a1d8b7395c09861225b0eba1b1f8511
... Warning BackOff   Back-off restarting failed container

Response: This text code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about your cluster's Nodes:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about your cluster's Nodes:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Warning OOMKilling Memory cgroup out of memory: Kill process 4481 (stress) score 1994 or sacrifice child

Response: This text code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Delete your Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete pod memory-demo-2 --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Memory requests and limits are associated with Containers, but it is useful to think of a Pod as having a memory request and limit. The memory request for the Pod is the sum of the memory requests for

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Memory requests and limits are associated with Containers, but it is useful to think of a Pod as having a memory request and limit. The memory request for the Pod is the sum of the memory requests for


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: memory-demo-3
  namespace: mem-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: memory-demo-3-ctr

Response:
    image: polinux/stress
    resources:
      requests:
        memory: "1000Gi"
      limits:
        memory: "1000Gi"
    command: ["stress"]
    args: ["--vm", "1", "--vm-bytes", "150M", "--vm-hang", "1"]

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: memory-demo-3
  namespace: mem-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: memory-demo-3-ctr
    image: polinux/stress
    resources:
      requests:
        memory: "1000Gi"
      limits:
        memory: "1000Gi"
    command: ["stress"]
    args: ["--vm", "1", "--vm-bytes", "150M", "--vm-hang", "1"]

Response: This yaml code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/resource/memory-request-limit-3.yaml --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View the Pod status:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View the Pod status:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo-3 --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Pod status is PENDING. That is, the Pod is not scheduled to run on any Node, and it will remain in the PENDING state indefinitely:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Pod status is PENDING. That is, the Pod is not scheduled to run on any Node, and it will remain in the PENDING state indefinitely:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo-3 --namespace=mem-example
NAME            READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
memory-demo-3   0/1       Pending   0          25s

Response: This bash code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod, including events:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod, including events:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl describe pod memory-demo-3 --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container cannot be scheduled because of insufficient memory on the Nodes:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container cannot be scheduled because of insufficient memory on the Nodes:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Events:
  ...  Reason            Message

Response:
       ------            -------
  ...  FailedScheduling  No nodes are available that match all of the following predicates:: Insufficient memory (3).

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The memory resource is measured in bytes. You can express memory as a plain integer or a fixed-point integer with one of these suffixes: E, P, T, G, M, K, Ei, Pi, Ti, Gi, Mi, Ki. For example, the foll


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Events:
  ...  Reason            Message
       ------            -------
  ...  FailedScheduling  No nodes are available that match all of the following predicates:: Insufficient memory (3).

Response: This text code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | The memory resource is measured in bytes. You can express memory as a plain integer or a fixed-point integer with one of these suffixes: E, P, T, G, M, K, Ei, Pi, Ti, Gi, Mi, Ki. For example, the foll


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete pod memory-demo-3 --namespace=mem-example

Response: This shell code 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | If you do not specify a memory limit for a Container, one of the following situations applies:

Context: 1 - Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods | If you do not specify a memory limit for a Container, one of the following situations applies:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cpu-demo
  namespace: cpu-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: cpu-demo-ctr

Response:
    image: vish/stress
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: "1"
      requests:
        cpu: "0.5"
    args:
    - -cpus
    - "2"

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | The args section of the configuration file provides arguments for the container when it starts. The -cpus "2" argument tells the Container to attempt to use 2 CPUs.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cpu-demo
  namespace: cpu-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: cpu-demo-ctr
    image: vish/stress
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: "1"
      requests:
        cpu: "0.5"
    args:
    - -cpus
    - "2"

Response: This yaml code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | The args section of the configuration file provides arguments for the container when it starts. The -cpus "2" argument tells the Container to attempt to use 2 CPUs.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/resource/cpu-request-limit.yaml --namespace=cpu-example

Response: This shell code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Verify that the Pod is running:

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Verify that the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod cpu-demo --output=yaml --namespace=cpu-example

Response: This shell code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the one container in the Pod has a CPU request of 500 milliCPU and a CPU limit of 1 CPU.

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the one container in the Pod has a CPU request of 500 milliCPU and a CPU limit of 1 CPU.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

resources:
  limits:

Response:
    cpu: "1"
  requests:
    cpu: 500m

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Use kubectl top to fetch the metrics for the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

resources:
  limits:
    cpu: "1"
  requests:
    cpu: 500m

Response: This yaml code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Use kubectl top to fetch the metrics for the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                        CPU(cores)   MEMORY(bytes)
cpu-demo                    974m         <something>

Response: This text code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Recall that by setting -cpu "2", you configured the Container to attempt to use 2 CPUs, but the Container is only being allowed to use about 1 CPU. The container's CPU use is being throttled, because

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Recall that by setting -cpu "2", you configured the Container to attempt to use 2 CPUs, but the Container is only being allowed to use about 1 CPU. The container's CPU use is being throttled, because


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete pod cpu-demo --namespace=cpu-example

Response: This shell code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | CPU requests and limits are associated with Containers, but it is useful to think of a Pod as having a CPU request and limit. The CPU request for a Pod is the sum of the CPU requests for all the Conta

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | CPU requests and limits are associated with Containers, but it is useful to think of a Pod as having a CPU request and limit. The CPU request for a Pod is the sum of the CPU requests for all the Conta


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cpu-demo-2
  namespace: cpu-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: cpu-demo-ctr-2

Response:
    image: vish/stress
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: "100"
      requests:
        cpu: "100"
    args:
    - -cpus
    - "2"

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cpu-demo-2
  namespace: cpu-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: cpu-demo-ctr-2
    image: vish/stress
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: "100"
      requests:
        cpu: "100"
    args:
    - -cpus
    - "2"

Response: This yaml code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/resource/cpu-request-limit-2.yaml --namespace=cpu-example

Response: This shell code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | View the Pod status:

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | View the Pod status:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME         READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
cpu-demo-2   0/1       Pending   0          7m

Response: This text code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod, including events:

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | View detailed information about the Pod, including events:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl describe pod cpu-demo-2 --namespace=cpu-example

Response: This shell code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container cannot be scheduled because of insufficient CPU resources on the Nodes:

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | The output shows that the Container cannot be scheduled because of insufficient CPU resources on the Nodes:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Events:
  Reason                        Message

Response:
  ------                        -------
  FailedScheduling      No nodes are available that match all of the following predicates:: Insufficient cpu (3).

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Delete your Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

Events:
  Reason                        Message
  ------                        -------
  FailedScheduling      No nodes are available that match all of the following predicates:: Insufficient cpu (3).

Response: This text code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | Delete your Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete pod cpu-demo-2 --namespace=cpu-example

Response: This shell code 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | If you do not specify a CPU limit for a Container, then one of these situations applies:

Context: 2 - Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods | If you do not specify a CPU limit for a Container, then one of these situations applies:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

* `resource.k8s.io/v1beta1`
* `resource.k8s.io/v1beta2`

Response: This text code 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | For more information, see Enabling or disabling API groups.

Context: 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | For more information, see Enabling or disabling API groups.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

error: the server doesn't have a resource type "deviceclasses"

Response: This text code 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | Try the following troubleshooting steps:

Context: 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | Try the following troubleshooting steps:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                                                  NODE                DRIVER               POOL                             AGE
cluster-1-device-pool-1-driver.example.com-lqx8x      cluster-1-node-1    driver.example.com   cluster-1-device-pool-1-r1gc     7s
cluster-1-device-pool-2-driver.example.com-29t7b      cluster-1-node-2    driver.example.com   cluster-1-device-pool-2-446z     8s

Response: This text code 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | Try the following troubleshooting steps:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get resourceslice <resourceslice-name> -o yaml

Response: This shell code 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | The output is similar to the following:

Context: 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | The output is similar to the following:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1
kind: ResourceSlice
# lines omitted for clarity
spec:
  devices:
  - attributes:
      type:
        string: gpu
    capacity:
      memory:
        value: 64Gi

Response:
    name: gpu-0
  - attributes:
      type:
        string: gpu
    capacity:
      memory:
        value: 64Gi
    name: gpu-1
  driver: driver.example.com
  nodeName: cluster-1-node-1
# lines omitted for clarity

Context: 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | You can also check the driver provider's documentation for available properties and values.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1
kind: ResourceSlice
# lines omitted for clarity
spec:
  devices:
  - attributes:
      type:
        string: gpu
    capacity:
      memory:
        value: 64Gi
    name: gpu-0
  - attributes:
      type:
        string: gpu
    capacity:
      memory:
        value: 64Gi
    name: gpu-1
  driver: driver.example.com
  nodeName: cluster-1-node-1
# lines omitted for clarity

Response: This yaml code 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | You can also check the driver provider's documentation for available properties and values.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1
kind: DeviceClass
metadata:
  name: example-device-class

Response:
spec:
  selectors:
  - cel:
      expression: |-
        device.driver == "driver.example.com"

Context: 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | Create the DeviceClass in your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1
kind: DeviceClass
metadata:
  name: example-device-class
spec:
  selectors:
  - cel:
      expression: |-
        device.driver == "driver.example.com"

Response: This yaml code 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | Create the DeviceClass in your cluster:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/deviceclass.yaml

Response: This shell code 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | To delete the DeviceClass that you created in this task, run the following command:

Context: 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | To delete the DeviceClass that you created in this task, run the following command:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/deviceclass.yaml

Response: This shell code 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | This page shows you how to allocate devices to your Pods by using dynamic resource allocation (DRA). These instructions are for workload operators. Before reading this page, familiarize yourself with

Context: 3.1 - Set Up DRA in a Cluster | This page shows you how to allocate devices to your Pods by using dynamic resource allocation (DRA). These instructions are for workload operators. Before reading this page, familiarize yourself with


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1
kind: ResourceClaimTemplate
metadata:
  name: example-resource-claim-template
spec:
  spec:
    devices:
      requests:

Response:
      - name: gpu-claim
        exactly:
          deviceClassName: example-device-class
          selectors:
          - cel:
              expression: |-
                device.attributes["driver.example.com"].type == "gpu" &&
                device.capacity["driver.example.com"].memory == quantity("64Gi")

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | This manifest creates a ResourceClaimTemplate that requests devices in the example-device-class DeviceClass that match both of the following parameters:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1
kind: ResourceClaimTemplate
metadata:
  name: example-resource-claim-template
spec:
  spec:
    devices:
      requests:
      - name: gpu-claim
        exactly:
          deviceClassName: example-device-class
          selectors:
          - cel:
              expression: |-
                device.attributes["driver.example.com"].type == "gpu" &&
                device.capacity["driver.example.com"].memory == quantity("64Gi")

Response: This yaml code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | This manifest creates a ResourceClaimTemplate that requests devices in the example-device-class DeviceClass that match both of the following parameters:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/resourceclaimtemplate.yaml

Response: This shell code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | Review the following example manifest:dra/resourceclaim.yaml apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1 kind: ResourceClaim metadata: name: example-resource-claim spec: devices: requests: - name: sing

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | Review the following example manifest:dra/resourceclaim.yaml apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1 kind: ResourceClaim metadata: name: example-resource-claim spec: devices: requests: - name: sing


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1
kind: ResourceClaim
metadata:
  name: example-resource-claim
spec:
  devices:
    requests:
    - name: single-gpu-claim

Response:
      exactly:
        deviceClassName: example-device-class
        allocationMode: All
        selectors:
        - cel:
            expression: |-
              device.attributes["driver.example.com"].type == "gpu" &&
              device.capacity["driver.example.com"].memory == quantity("64Gi")

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | This manifest creates ResourceClaim that requests devices in the example-device-class DeviceClass that match both of the following parameters:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: resource.k8s.io/v1
kind: ResourceClaim
metadata:
  name: example-resource-claim
spec:
  devices:
    requests:
    - name: single-gpu-claim
      exactly:
        deviceClassName: example-device-class
        allocationMode: All
        selectors:
        - cel:
            expression: |-
              device.attributes["driver.example.com"].type == "gpu" &&
              device.capacity["driver.example.com"].memory == quantity("64Gi")

Response: This yaml code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | This manifest creates ResourceClaim that requests devices in the example-device-class DeviceClass that match both of the following parameters:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/resourceclaim.yaml

Response: This shell code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | To request device allocation, specify a ResourceClaim or a ResourceClaimTemplate in the resourceClaims field of the Pod specification. Then, request a specific claim by name in the resources.claims fi

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | To request device allocation, specify a ResourceClaim or a ResourceClaimTemplate in the resourceClaims field of the Pod specification. Then, request a specific claim by name in the resources.claims fi


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: example-dra-job
spec:
  completions: 10
  parallelism: 2
  template:
    spec:
      restartPolicy: Never
      containers:
      - name: container0
        image: ubuntu:24.04
        command: ["sleep", "9999"]
        resources:
          claims:
          - name: separate-gpu-claim

Response:
      - name: container1
        image: ubuntu:24.04
        command: ["sleep", "9999"]
        resources:
          claims:
          - name: shared-gpu-claim
      - name: container2
        image: ubuntu:24.04
        command: ["sleep", "9999"]
        resources:
          claims:
          - name: shared-gpu-claim
      resourceClaims:
      - name: separate-gpu-claim
        resourceClaimTemplateName: example-resource-claim-template
      - name: shared-gpu-claim
        resourceClaimName: example-resource-claim

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | Each Pod in this Job has the following properties:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: example-dra-job
spec:
  completions: 10
  parallelism: 2
  template:
    spec:
      restartPolicy: Never
      containers:
      - name: container0
        image: ubuntu:24.04
        command: ["sleep", "9999"]
        resources:
          claims:
          - name: separate-gpu-claim
      - name: container1
        image: ubuntu:24.04
        command: ["sleep", "9999"]
        resources:
          claims:
          - name: shared-gpu-claim
      - name: container2
        image: ubuntu:24.04
        command: ["sleep", "9999"]
        resources:
          claims:
          - name: shared-gpu-claim
      resourceClaims:
      - name: separate-gpu-claim
        resourceClaimTemplateName: example-resource-claim-template
      - name: shared-gpu-claim
        resourceClaimName: example-resource-claim

Response: This yaml code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | Each Pod in this Job has the following properties:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/dra-example-job.yaml

Response: This shell code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | Try the following troubleshooting steps:

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | Try the following troubleshooting steps:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

must specify one of: resourceClaimName, resourceClaimTemplateName

Response: This text code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | To delete the Kubernetes objects that you created in this task, follow these steps:

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | To delete the Kubernetes objects that you created in this task, follow these steps:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/dra-example-job.yaml

Response: This shell code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | To delete your resource claims, run one of the following commands:

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | To delete your resource claims, run one of the following commands:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/resourceclaimtemplate.yaml

Response: This shell code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | Delete the ResourceClaim:

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | Delete the ResourceClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete -f https://k8s.io/examples/dra/resourceclaim.yaml

Response: This shell code 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | This page shows how to specify CPU and memory resources for a Pod at pod-level in addition to container-level resource specifications. A Kubernetes node allocates resources to a pod based on the pod's

Context: 3.2 - Allocate Devices to Workloads with DRA | This page shows how to specify CPU and memory resources for a Pod at pod-level in addition to container-level resource specifications. A Kubernetes node allocates resources to a pod based on the pod's


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: memory-demo
  namespace: pod-resources-example
spec:
  resources:
    requests:

Response:
      memory: "100Mi"
    limits:
      memory: "200Mi"
  containers:
  - name: memory-demo-ctr
    image: nginx
    command: ["stress"]
    args: ["--vm", "1", "--vm-bytes", "150M", "--vm-hang", "1"]

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The args section in the manifest provides arguments for the container when it starts. The "--vm-bytes", "150M" arguments tell the Container to attempt to allocate 150 MiB of memory.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: memory-demo
  namespace: pod-resources-example
spec:
  resources:
    requests:
      memory: "100Mi"
    limits:
      memory: "200Mi"
  containers:
  - name: memory-demo-ctr
    image: nginx
    command: ["stress"]
    args: ["--vm", "1", "--vm-bytes", "150M", "--vm-hang", "1"]

Response: This yaml code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The args section in the manifest provides arguments for the container when it starts. The "--vm-bytes", "150M" arguments tell the Container to attempt to allocate 150 MiB of memory.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/resource/pod-level-memory-request-limit.yaml --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Verify that the Pod is running:

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Verify that the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | View detailed information about the Pod:

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | View detailed information about the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo --output=yaml --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The output shows that the Pod has a memory request of 100 MiB and a memory limit of 200 MiB.

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The output shows that the Pod has a memory request of 100 MiB and a memory limit of 200 MiB.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

...
spec:
  containers:
  ...
  resources:

Response:
    requests:
      memory: 100Mi
    limits:
      memory: 200Mi
...

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Run kubectl top to fetch the metrics for the pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

...
spec:
  containers:
  ...
  resources:
    requests:
      memory: 100Mi
    limits:
      memory: 200Mi
...

Response: This yaml code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Run kubectl top to fetch the metrics for the pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl top pod memory-demo --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The output shows that the Pod is using about 162,900,000 bytes of memory, which is about 150 MiB. This is greater than the Pod's 100 MiB request, but within the Pod's 200 MiB limit.

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The output shows that the Pod is using about 162,900,000 bytes of memory, which is about 150 MiB. This is greater than the Pod's 100 MiB request, but within the Pod's 200 MiB limit.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                        CPU(cores)   MEMORY(bytes)
memory-demo                 <something>  162856960

Response: This text code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | To specify a CPU request for a Pod, include the resources.requests.cpu field in the Pod spec manifest. To specify a CPU limit, include resources.limits.cpu.

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | To specify a CPU request for a Pod, include the resources.requests.cpu field in the Pod spec manifest. To specify a CPU limit, include resources.limits.cpu.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cpu-demo
  namespace: pod-resources-example
spec:
  resources:
    limits:

Response:
      cpu: "1"
    requests:
      cpu: "0.5"
  containers:
  - name: cpu-demo-ctr
    image: vish/stress
    args:
    - -cpus
    - "2"

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The args section of the configuration file provides arguments for the container when it starts. The -cpus "2" argument tells the Container to attempt to use 2 CPUs.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cpu-demo
  namespace: pod-resources-example
spec:
  resources:
    limits:
      cpu: "1"
    requests:
      cpu: "0.5"
  containers:
  - name: cpu-demo-ctr
    image: vish/stress
    args:
    - -cpus
    - "2"

Response: This yaml code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The args section of the configuration file provides arguments for the container when it starts. The -cpus "2" argument tells the Container to attempt to use 2 CPUs.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/resource/pod-level-cpu-request-limit.yaml --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Verify that the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod cpu-demo --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | View detailed information about the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod cpu-demo --output=yaml --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The output shows that the Pod has a CPU request of 500 milliCPU and a CPU limit of 1 CPU.

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The output shows that the Pod has a CPU request of 500 milliCPU and a CPU limit of 1 CPU.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

spec:
  containers:
  ...
  resources:

Response:
    limits:
      cpu: "1"
    requests:
      cpu: 500m

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Use kubectl top to fetch the metrics for the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

spec:
  containers:
  ...
  resources:
    limits:
      cpu: "1"
    requests:
      cpu: 500m

Response: This yaml code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Use kubectl top to fetch the metrics for the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl top pod cpu-demo --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | This example output shows that the Pod is using 974 milliCPU, which is slightly less than the limit of 1 CPU specified in the Pod configuration.

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | This example output shows that the Pod is using 974 milliCPU, which is slightly less than the limit of 1 CPU specified in the Pod configuration.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                        CPU(cores)   MEMORY(bytes)
cpu-demo                    974m         <something>

Response: This text code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Recall that by setting -cpu "2", you configured the Container to attempt to use 2 CPUs, but the Container is only being allowed to use about 1 CPU. The container's CPU use is being throttled, because

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Recall that by setting -cpu "2", you configured the Container to attempt to use 2 CPUs, but the Container is only being allowed to use about 1 CPU. The container's CPU use is being throttled, because


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-resources-demo
  namespace: pod-resources-example
spec:
  resources:
    limits:
      cpu: "1"
      memory: "200Mi"
    requests:
      cpu: "1"
      memory: "100Mi"
  containers:

Response:
  - name: pod-resources-demo-ctr-1
    image: nginx
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: "0.5"
        memory: "100Mi"
      requests:
        cpu: "0.5"
        memory: "50Mi"
  - name: pod-resources-demo-ctr-2
    image: fedora
    command:
    - sleep
    - inf

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-resources-demo
  namespace: pod-resources-example
spec:
  resources:
    limits:
      cpu: "1"
      memory: "200Mi"
    requests:
      cpu: "1"
      memory: "100Mi"
  containers:
  - name: pod-resources-demo-ctr-1
    image: nginx
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: "0.5"
        memory: "100Mi"
      requests:
        cpu: "0.5"
        memory: "50Mi"
  - name: pod-resources-demo-ctr-2
    image: fedora
    command:
    - sleep
    - inf

Response: This yaml code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/resource/pod-level-resources.yaml --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Verify that the Pod Container is running:

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | Verify that the Pod Container is running:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod-resources-demo --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | View detailed information about the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl get pod memory-demo --output=yaml --namespace=pod-resources-example

Response: This shell code 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The output shows that one container in the Pod has a memory request of 50 MiB and a CPU request of 0.5 cores, with a memory limit of 100 MiB and a CPU limit of 0.5 cores. The Pod itself has a memory r

Context: 4 - Assign Pod-level CPU and memory resources | The output shows that one container in the Pod has a memory request of 50 MiB and a CPU request of 0.5 cores, with a memory limit of 100 MiB and a CPU limit of 0.5 cores. The Pod itself has a memory r