Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-container-demo
spec:
  securityContext:
    windowsOptions:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
    securityContext:
        windowsOptions:
            runAsUserName: "ContainerAdministrator"
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows

Response: This yaml code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/windows/run-as-username-container.yaml

Response: This shell code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Verify that the Pod's Container is running:

Context: Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Verify that the Pod's Container is running:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl exec -it run-as-username-container-demo -- powershell

Response: This shell code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Check that the shell is running user the correct username (the one set at the Container level):

Context: Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Check that the shell is running user the correct username (the one set at the Container level):


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

windows/run-as-username-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-pod-demo
spec:
  securityContext:

Response:
    windowsOptions:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows

Context: Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

windows/run-as-username-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-pod-demo
spec:
  securityContext:
    windowsOptions:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows

Response: This yaml code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-pod-demo
spec:
  securityContext:
    windowsOptions:

Response:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-pod-demo
spec:
  securityContext:
    windowsOptions:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows

Response: This yaml code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/windows/run-as-username-pod.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Verify that the Pod's Container is running:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl exec -it run-as-username-pod-demo -- powershell

Response: This bash code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Check that the shell is running user the correct username:

Context: Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Check that the shell is running user the correct username:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

windows/run-as-username-container.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-container-demo
spec:
  securityContext:
    windowsOptions:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"

Response:
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
    securityContext:
        windowsOptions:
            runAsUserName: "ContainerAdministrator"
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

windows/run-as-username-container.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-container-demo
spec:
  securityContext:
    windowsOptions:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
    securityContext:
        windowsOptions:
            runAsUserName: "ContainerAdministrator"
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows

Response: This yaml code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-container-demo
spec:
  securityContext:
    windowsOptions:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"

Response:
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
    securityContext:
        windowsOptions:
            runAsUserName: "ContainerAdministrator"
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: run-as-username-container-demo
spec:
  securityContext:
    windowsOptions:
      runAsUserName: "ContainerUser"
  containers:
  - name: run-as-username-demo
    image: mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
    command: ["ping", "-t", "localhost"]
    securityContext:
        windowsOptions:
            runAsUserName: "ContainerAdministrator"
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: windows

Response: This yaml code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Create the Pod:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/windows/run-as-username-container.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Verify that the Pod's Container is running:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl exec -it run-as-username-container-demo -- powershell

Response: This bash code Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers | Check that the shell is running user the correct username (the one set at the Container level):


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # these tolerations are to have the daemonset runnable on control plane nodes
      # remove them if your control plane nodes should not run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule

Response:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v5.0.1
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      # it may be desirable to set a high priority class to ensure that a DaemonSet Pod
      # preempts running Pods
      # priorityClassName: important
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log

Context: DaemonSet | Create a DaemonSet based on the YAML file:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # these tolerations are to have the daemonset runnable on control plane nodes
      # remove them if your control plane nodes should not run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v5.0.1
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      # it may be desirable to set a high priority class to ensure that a DaemonSet Pod
      # preempts running Pods
      # priorityClassName: important
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log

Response: This yaml code DaemonSet | Create a DaemonSet based on the YAML file:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/daemonset.yaml

Response: This bash code DaemonSet | As with all other Kubernetes config, a DaemonSet needs apiVersion, kind, and metadata fields. For general information about working with config files, see running stateless applications and object man

Context: DaemonSet | As with all other Kubernetes config, a DaemonSet needs apiVersion, kind, and metadata fields. For general information about working with config files, see running stateless applications and object man


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

nodeAffinity:
  requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
    nodeSelectorTerms:
    - matchFields:

Response:
      - key: metadata.name
        operator: In
        values:
        - target-host-name

Context: DaemonSet | The DaemonSet controller automatically adds a set of tolerations to DaemonSet Pods:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

nodeAffinity:
  requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
    nodeSelectorTerms:
    - matchFields:
      - key: metadata.name
        operator: In
        values:
        - target-host-name

Response: This text code DaemonSet | The DaemonSet controller automatically adds a set of tolerations to DaemonSet Pods:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # these tolerations are to have the daemonset runnable on control plane nodes
      # remove them if your control plane nodes should not run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule

Response:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v5.0.1
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      # it may be desirable to set a high priority class to ensure that a DaemonSet Pod
      # preempts running Pods
      # priorityClassName: important
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # these tolerations are to have the daemonset runnable on control plane nodes
      # remove them if your control plane nodes should not run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v5.0.1
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      # it may be desirable to set a high priority class to ensure that a DaemonSet Pod
      # preempts running Pods
      # priorityClassName: important
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log

Response: This yaml code DaemonSet | Create a DaemonSet based on the YAML file:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/daemonset.yaml

Response: This bash code DaemonSet | As with all other Kubernetes config, a DaemonSet needs apiVersion, kind, and metadata fields. For general information about working with config files, see running stateless applications and object man


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

nodeAffinity:
  requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
    nodeSelectorTerms:
    - matchFields:

Response:
      - key: metadata.name
        operator: In
        values:
        - target-host-name


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

nodeAffinity:
  requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
    nodeSelectorTerms:
    - matchFields:
      - key: metadata.name
        operator: In
        values:
        - target-host-name

Response: This yaml code DaemonSet | The DaemonSet controller automatically adds a set of tolerations to DaemonSet Pods:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

controllers/daemonset.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # these tolerations are to have the daemonset runnable on control plane nodes
      # remove them if your control plane nodes should not run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule

Response:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v5.0.1
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      # it may be desirable to set a high priority class to ensure that a DaemonSet Pod
      # preempts running Pods
      # priorityClassName: important
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

controllers/daemonset.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # these tolerations are to have the daemonset runnable on control plane nodes
      # remove them if your control plane nodes should not run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v5.0.1
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      # it may be desirable to set a high priority class to ensure that a DaemonSet Pod
      # preempts running Pods
      # priorityClassName: important
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log

Response: This yaml code DaemonSet | Create a DaemonSet based on the YAML file:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # these tolerations are to have the daemonset runnable on control plane nodes
      # remove them if your control plane nodes should not run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule

Response:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v5.0.1
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      # it may be desirable to set a high priority class to ensure that a DaemonSet Pod
      # preempts running Pods
      # priorityClassName: important
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # these tolerations are to have the daemonset runnable on control plane nodes
      # remove them if your control plane nodes should not run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v5.0.1
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      # it may be desirable to set a high priority class to ensure that a DaemonSet Pod
      # preempts running Pods
      # priorityClassName: important
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log

Response: This yaml code DaemonSet | Create a DaemonSet based on the YAML file:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

nodeAffinity:
  requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
    nodeSelectorTerms:
    - matchFields:

Response:
      - key: metadata.name
        operator: In
        values:
        - target-host-name


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

nodeAffinity:
  requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
    nodeSelectorTerms:
    - matchFields:
      - key: metadata.name
        operator: In
        values:
        - target-host-name

Response: This text code DaemonSet | The DaemonSet controller automatically adds a set of tolerations to DaemonSet Pods:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo mkdir /mnt/data

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | In the /mnt/data directory, create an index.html file:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | In the /mnt/data directory, create an index.html file:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This again assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo sh -c "echo 'Hello from Kubernetes storage' > /mnt/data/index.html"

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Test that the index.html file exists:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Test that the index.html file exists:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:

Response:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The configuration file specifies that the volume is at /mnt/data on the cluster's Node. The configuration also specifies a size of 10 gibibytes and an access mode of ReadWriteOnce, which means the vol


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The configuration file specifies that the volume is at /mnt/data on the cluster's Node. The configuration also specifies a size of 10 gibibytes and an access mode of ReadWriteOnce, which means the vol


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-volume.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | View information about the PersistentVolume:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | View information about the PersistentVolume:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME             CAPACITY   ACCESSMODES   RECLAIMPOLICY   STATUS      CLAIM     STORAGECLASS   REASON    AGE
task-pv-volume   10Gi       RWO           Retain          Available             manual                   4s

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The next step is to create a PersistentVolumeClaim. Pods use PersistentVolumeClaims to request physical storage. In this exercise, you create a PersistentVolumeClaim that requests a volume of at least

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The next step is to create a PersistentVolumeClaim. Pods use PersistentVolumeClaims to request physical storage. In this exercise, you create a PersistentVolumeClaim that requests a volume of at least


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:

Response:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 3Gi

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Create the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 3Gi

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Create the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-claim.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | After you create the PersistentVolumeClaim, the Kubernetes control plane looks for a PersistentVolume that satisfies the claim's requirements. If the control plane finds a suitable PersistentVolume wi

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | After you create the PersistentVolumeClaim, the Kubernetes control plane looks for a PersistentVolume that satisfies the claim's requirements. If the control plane finds a suitable PersistentVolume wi


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME             CAPACITY   ACCESSMODES   RECLAIMPOLICY   STATUS    CLAIM                   STORAGECLASS   REASON    AGE
task-pv-volume   10Gi       RWO           Retain          Bound     default/task-pv-claim   manual                   2m

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Look at the PersistentVolumeClaim:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Look at the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME            STATUS    VOLUME           CAPACITY   ACCESSMODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
task-pv-claim   Bound     task-pv-volume   10Gi       RWO           manual         30s

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The next step is to create a Pod that uses your PersistentVolumeClaim as a volume.

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The next step is to create a Pod that uses your PersistentVolumeClaim as a volume.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-claim

Response:
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
          name: task-pv-storage

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Notice that the Pod's configuration file specifies a PersistentVolumeClaim, but it does not specify a PersistentVolume. From the Pod's point of view, the claim is a volume.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-claim
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
          name: task-pv-storage

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Notice that the Pod's configuration file specifies a PersistentVolumeClaim, but it does not specify a PersistentVolume. From the Pod's point of view, the claim is a volume.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-pod.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step

Response:
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test
      image: nginx
      volumeMounts:
        # a mount for site-data

Response:
        - name: config
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          subPath: html
        # another mount for nginx config
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
          subPath: nginx.conf
  volumes:
    - name: config
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-storage

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test
      image: nginx
      volumeMounts:
        # a mount for site-data
        - name: config
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          subPath: html
        # another mount for nginx config
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
          subPath: nginx.conf
  volumes:
    - name: config
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-storage

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo mkdir /mnt/data/html

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Move index.html into the directory:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Move index.html into the directory:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Move index.html from its current location to the html sub-directory
sudo mv /mnt/data/index.html html

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

Response:
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;

Response:
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | }


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | }


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

cat <<EOF > /mnt/data/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '

Response:
                      '\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
                      '"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  60;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
EOF

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here we will create a pod that uses the existing persistentVolume and persistentVolumeClaim. However, the pod mounts only a specific file, nginx.conf, and directory, html, to the container.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

cat <<EOF > /mnt/data/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '
                      '\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
                      '"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  60;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
EOF

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here we will create a pod that uses the existing persistentVolume and persistentVolumeClaim. However, the pod mounts only a specific file, nginx.conf, and directory, html, to the container.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-duplicate.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step

Response:
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Be sure to run these commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep keepalive_timeout

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the modified text that you wrote to the nginx.conf file on the hostPath volume:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the modified text that you wrote to the nginx.conf file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl delete pod test
kubectl delete pvc task-pv-claim
kubectl delete pv task-pv-volume

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | If you don't already have a shell open to the Node in your cluster, open a new shell the same way that you did earlier.

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | If you don't already have a shell open to the Node in your cluster, open a new shell the same way that you did earlier.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser

Response:
sudo rm /mnt/data/html/index.html
sudo rm /mnt/data/nginx.conf
sudo rmdir /mnt/data

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | You can now close the shell to your Node.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo rm /mnt/data/html/index.html
sudo rm /mnt/data/nginx.conf
sudo rmdir /mnt/data

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | You can now close the shell to your Node.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:

Response:
  name: pv1
  annotations:
    pv.beta.kubernetes.io/gid: "1234"

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | When a Pod consumes a PersistentVolume that has a GID annotation, the annotated GID is applied to all containers in the Pod in the same way that GIDs specified in the Pod's security context are. Every


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv1
  annotations:
    pv.beta.kubernetes.io/gid: "1234"

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | When a Pod consumes a PersistentVolume that has a GID annotation, the annotated GID is applied to all containers in the Pod in the same way that GIDs specified in the Pod's security context are. Every


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo mkdir /mnt/data

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | In the /mnt/data directory, create an index.html file:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | In the /mnt/data directory, create an index.html file:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# This again assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo sh -c "echo 'Hello from Kubernetes storage' > /mnt/data/index.html"

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Test that the index.html file exists:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Test that the index.html file exists:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:

Response:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The configuration file specifies that the volume is at /mnt/data on the cluster's Node. The configuration also specifies a size of 10 gibibytes and an access mode of ReadWriteOnce, which means the vol


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The configuration file specifies that the volume is at /mnt/data on the cluster's Node. The configuration also specifies a size of 10 gibibytes and an access mode of ReadWriteOnce, which means the vol


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-volume.yaml

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | View information about the PersistentVolume:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | View information about the PersistentVolume:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME             CAPACITY   ACCESSMODES   RECLAIMPOLICY   STATUS      CLAIM     STORAGECLASS   REASON    AGE
task-pv-volume   10Gi       RWO           Retain          Available             manual                   4s

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The next step is to create a PersistentVolumeClaim. Pods use PersistentVolumeClaims to request physical storage. In this exercise, you create a PersistentVolumeClaim that requests a volume of at least

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The next step is to create a PersistentVolumeClaim. Pods use PersistentVolumeClaims to request physical storage. In this exercise, you create a PersistentVolumeClaim that requests a volume of at least


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:

Response:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 3Gi

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Create the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 3Gi

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Create the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-claim.yaml

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | After you create the PersistentVolumeClaim, the Kubernetes control plane looks for a PersistentVolume that satisfies the claim's requirements. If the control plane finds a suitable PersistentVolume wi

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | After you create the PersistentVolumeClaim, the Kubernetes control plane looks for a PersistentVolume that satisfies the claim's requirements. If the control plane finds a suitable PersistentVolume wi


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME             CAPACITY   ACCESSMODES   RECLAIMPOLICY   STATUS    CLAIM                   STORAGECLASS   REASON    AGE
task-pv-volume   10Gi       RWO           Retain          Bound     default/task-pv-claim   manual                   2m

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Look at the PersistentVolumeClaim:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Look at the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME            STATUS    VOLUME           CAPACITY   ACCESSMODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
task-pv-claim   Bound     task-pv-volume   10Gi       RWO           manual         30s

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The next step is to create a Pod that uses your PersistentVolumeClaim as a volume.

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The next step is to create a Pod that uses your PersistentVolumeClaim as a volume.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-claim

Response:
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
          name: task-pv-storage

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Notice that the Pod's configuration file specifies a PersistentVolumeClaim, but it does not specify a PersistentVolume. From the Pod's point of view, the claim is a volume.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-claim
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
          name: task-pv-storage

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Notice that the Pod's configuration file specifies a PersistentVolumeClaim, but it does not specify a PersistentVolume. From the Pod's point of view, the claim is a volume.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-pod.yaml

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Complete this shell code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step

Response:
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test
      image: nginx
      volumeMounts:
        # a mount for site-data

Response:
        - name: config
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          subPath: html
        # another mount for nginx config
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
          subPath: nginx.conf
  volumes:
    - name: config
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-storage

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test
      image: nginx
      volumeMounts:
        # a mount for site-data
        - name: config
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          subPath: html
        # another mount for nginx config
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
          subPath: nginx.conf
  volumes:
    - name: config
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-storage

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo mkdir /mnt/data/html

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Move index.html into the directory:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Move index.html into the directory:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# Move index.html from its current location to the html sub-directory
sudo mv /mnt/data/index.html html

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


Prompt:
Complete this conf code:

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

Response:
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}


Prompt:
Explain this conf code:

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

Response: This conf code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;

Response:
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | }


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | }


Prompt:
Complete this shell code:

cat <<EOF > /mnt/data/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '

Response:
                      '\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
                      '"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  60;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
EOF

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here we will create a pod that uses the existing persistentVolume and persistentVolumeClaim. However, the pod mounts only a specific file, nginx.conf, and directory, html, to the container.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

cat <<EOF > /mnt/data/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '
                      '\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
                      '"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  60;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
EOF

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here we will create a pod that uses the existing persistentVolume and persistentVolumeClaim. However, the pod mounts only a specific file, nginx.conf, and directory, html, to the container.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-duplicate.yaml

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Complete this shell code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step

Response:
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# Be sure to run these commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep keepalive_timeout

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the modified text that you wrote to the nginx.conf file on the hostPath volume:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the modified text that you wrote to the nginx.conf file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl delete pod test
kubectl delete pvc task-pv-claim
kubectl delete pv task-pv-volume

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | If you don't already have a shell open to the Node in your cluster, open a new shell the same way that you did earlier.

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | If you don't already have a shell open to the Node in your cluster, open a new shell the same way that you did earlier.


Prompt:
Complete this shell code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser

Response:
sudo rm /mnt/data/html/index.html
sudo rm /mnt/data/nginx.conf
sudo rmdir /mnt/data

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | You can now close the shell to your Node.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo rm /mnt/data/html/index.html
sudo rm /mnt/data/nginx.conf
sudo rmdir /mnt/data

Response: This shell code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | You can now close the shell to your Node.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:

Response:
  name: pv1
  annotations:
    pv.beta.kubernetes.io/gid: "1234"

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | When a Pod consumes a PersistentVolume that has a GID annotation, the annotated GID is applied to all containers in the Pod in the same way that GIDs specified in the Pod's security context are. Every


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv1
  annotations:
    pv.beta.kubernetes.io/gid: "1234"

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | When a Pod consumes a PersistentVolume that has a GID annotation, the annotated GID is applied to all containers in the Pod in the same way that GIDs specified in the Pod's security context are. Every


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo mkdir /mnt/data

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | In the /mnt/data directory, create an index.html file:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | In the /mnt/data directory, create an index.html file:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This again assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo sh -c "echo 'Hello from Kubernetes storage' > /mnt/data/index.html"

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Test that the index.html file exists:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Test that the index.html file exists:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/storage/pv-volume.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local

Response:
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The configuration file specifies that the volume is at /mnt/data on the cluster's Node. The configuration also specifies a size of 10 gibibytes and an access mode of ReadWriteOnce, which means the vol


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/storage/pv-volume.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The configuration file specifies that the volume is at /mnt/data on the cluster's Node. The configuration also specifies a size of 10 gibibytes and an access mode of ReadWriteOnce, which means the vol


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:

Response:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The configuration file specifies that the volume is at /mnt/data on the cluster's Node. The configuration also specifies a size of 10 gibibytes and an access mode of ReadWriteOnce, which means the vol


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-volume.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | View information about the PersistentVolume:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | View information about the PersistentVolume:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/storage/pv-claim.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:

Response:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 3Gi

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Create the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/storage/pv-claim.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 3Gi

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Create the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:

Response:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 3Gi


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 3Gi

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Create the PersistentVolumeClaim:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-claim.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | After you create the PersistentVolumeClaim, the Kubernetes control plane looks for a PersistentVolume that satisfies the claim's requirements. If the control plane finds a suitable PersistentVolume wi

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | After you create the PersistentVolumeClaim, the Kubernetes control plane looks for a PersistentVolume that satisfies the claim's requirements. If the control plane finds a suitable PersistentVolume wi


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/storage/pv-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:

Response:
        claimName: task-pv-claim
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
          name: task-pv-storage

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Notice that the Pod's configuration file specifies a PersistentVolumeClaim, but it does not specify a PersistentVolume. From the Pod's point of view, the claim is a volume.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/storage/pv-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-claim
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
          name: task-pv-storage

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Notice that the Pod's configuration file specifies a PersistentVolumeClaim, but it does not specify a PersistentVolume. From the Pod's point of view, the claim is a volume.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-claim

Response:
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
          name: task-pv-storage


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-claim
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: nginx
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
          name: task-pv-storage

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Notice that the Pod's configuration file specifies a PersistentVolumeClaim, but it does not specify a PersistentVolume. From the Pod's point of view, the claim is a volume.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-pod.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step

Response:
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

pods/storage/pv-duplicate.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test
      image: nginx
      volumeMounts:

Response:
        # a mount for site-data
        - name: config
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          subPath: html
        # another mount for nginx config
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
          subPath: nginx.conf
  volumes:
    - name: config
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-storage

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

pods/storage/pv-duplicate.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test
      image: nginx
      volumeMounts:
        # a mount for site-data
        - name: config
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          subPath: html
        # another mount for nginx config
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
          subPath: nginx.conf
  volumes:
    - name: config
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-storage

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test
      image: nginx
      volumeMounts:
        # a mount for site-data

Response:
        - name: config
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          subPath: html
        # another mount for nginx config
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
          subPath: nginx.conf
  volumes:
    - name: config
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-storage


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
spec:
  containers:
    - name: test
      image: nginx
      volumeMounts:
        # a mount for site-data
        - name: config
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          subPath: html
        # another mount for nginx config
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
          subPath: nginx.conf
  volumes:
    - name: config
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-storage

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo mkdir /mnt/data/html

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Move index.html into the directory:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Move index.html into the directory:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Move index.html from its current location to the html sub-directory
sudo mv /mnt/data/index.html html

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

pods/storage/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

Response:
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

pods/storage/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

keepalive_timeout  60;

#gzip  on;

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

cat <<EOF > /mnt/data/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '

Response:
                      '\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
                      '"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  60;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
EOF

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here we will create a pod that uses the existing persistentVolume and persistentVolumeClaim. However, the pod mounts only a specific file, nginx.conf, and directory, html, to the container.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

cat <<EOF > /mnt/data/nginx.conf
user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '
                      '\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
                      '"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  60;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
EOF

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Here we will create a pod that uses the existing persistentVolume and persistentVolumeClaim. However, the pod mounts only a specific file, nginx.conf, and directory, html, to the container.


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/storage/pv-duplicate.yaml

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | Verify that the container in the Pod is running:


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step

Response:
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Be sure to run these 3 commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
apt update
apt install curl
curl http://localhost/

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the text that you wrote to the index.html file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Be sure to run these commands inside the root shell that comes from
# running "kubectl exec" in the previous step
cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep keepalive_timeout

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the modified text that you wrote to the nginx.conf file on the hostPath volume:

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | The output shows the modified text that you wrote to the nginx.conf file on the hostPath volume:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl delete pod test
kubectl delete pvc task-pv-claim
kubectl delete pv task-pv-volume

Response: This bash code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | If you don't already have a shell open to the Node in your cluster, open a new shell the same way that you did earlier.

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | If you don't already have a shell open to the Node in your cluster, open a new shell the same way that you did earlier.


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser

Response:
sudo rm /mnt/data/html/index.html
sudo rm /mnt/data/nginx.conf
sudo rmdir /mnt/data

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | You can now close the shell to your Node.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# This assumes that your Node uses "sudo" to run commands
# as the superuser
sudo rm /mnt/data/html/index.html
sudo rm /mnt/data/nginx.conf
sudo rmdir /mnt/data

Response: This text code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | You can now close the shell to your Node.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:

Response:
  name: pv1
  annotations:
    pv.beta.kubernetes.io/gid: "1234"

Context: Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | When a Pod consumes a PersistentVolume that has a GID annotation, the annotated GID is applied to all containers in the Pod in the same way that GIDs specified in the Pod's security context are. Every


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv1
  annotations:
    pv.beta.kubernetes.io/gid: "1234"

Response: This yaml code Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage | When a Pod consumes a PersistentVolume that has a GID annotation, the annotated GID is applied to all containers in the Pod in the same way that GIDs specified in the Pod's security context are. Every


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:

Response:
  name: placeholder # these Pods represent placeholder capacity
value: -1000
globalDefault: false
description: "Negative priority for placeholder pods to enable overprovisioning."

Context: Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Then create the PriorityClass:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:
  name: placeholder # these Pods represent placeholder capacity
value: -1000
globalDefault: false
description: "Negative priority for placeholder pods to enable overprovisioning."

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Then create the PriorityClass:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/priorityclass/low-priority-class.yaml

Response: This bash code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You will next define a Deployment that uses the negative-priority PriorityClass and runs a minimal container. When you add this to your cluster, Kubernetes runs those placeholder pods to reserve capac

Context: Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You will next define a Deployment that uses the negative-priority PriorityClass and runs a minimal container. When you add this to your cluster, Kubernetes runs those placeholder pods to reserve capac


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: capacity-reservation
  # You should decide what namespace to deploy this into
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/description: "Capacity reservation"
    spec:
      priorityClassName: placeholder

Response:
      affinity: # Try to place these overhead Pods on different nodes
                # if possible
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
              topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: pause
        image: registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "50m"
            memory: "512Mi"
          limits:
            memory: "512Mi"

Context: Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You should select, or create, a namespace that the placeholder Pods will go into.


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: capacity-reservation
  # You should decide what namespace to deploy this into
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/description: "Capacity reservation"
    spec:
      priorityClassName: placeholder
      affinity: # Try to place these overhead Pods on different nodes
                # if possible
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
              topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: pause
        image: registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "50m"
            memory: "512Mi"
          limits:
            memory: "512Mi"

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You should select, or create, a namespace that the placeholder Pods will go into.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Change the namespace name "example"
kubectl --namespace example apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/deployments/deployment-with-capacity-reservation.yaml

Response: This text code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Configure the resource requests and limits for the placeholder pods to define the amount of overprovisioned resources you want to maintain. This reservation ensures that a specific amount of CPU and m

Context: Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Configure the resource requests and limits for the placeholder pods to define the amount of overprovisioned resources you want to maintain. This reservation ensures that a specific amount of CPU and m


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

resources:
    requests:
      cpu: "100m"

Response:
      memory: "200Mi"
    limits:
      cpu: "100m"

Context: Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | For example, with 5 replicas each reserving 0.1 CPU and 200MiB of memory:Total CPU reserved: 5 × 0.1 = 0.5 (in the Pod specification, you'll write the quantity 500m)Total memory reserved: 5 × 200MiB =


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

resources:
    requests:
      cpu: "100m"
      memory: "200Mi"
    limits:
      cpu: "100m"

Response: This text code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | For example, with 5 replicas each reserving 0.1 CPU and 200MiB of memory:Total CPU reserved: 5 × 0.1 = 0.5 (in the Pod specification, you'll write the quantity 500m)Total memory reserved: 5 × 200MiB =


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl scale deployment capacity-reservation --replicas=5

Response: This bash code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Verify the scaling:

Context: Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Verify the scaling:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
capacity-reservation   5/5     5            5           2m

Response: This text code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster |

Context: Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster |


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:

Response:
  name: placeholder # these Pods represent placeholder capacity
value: -1000
globalDefault: false
description: "Negative priority for placeholder pods to enable overprovisioning."


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:
  name: placeholder # these Pods represent placeholder capacity
value: -1000
globalDefault: false
description: "Negative priority for placeholder pods to enable overprovisioning."

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Then create the PriorityClass:


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/priorityclass/low-priority-class.yaml

Response: This shell code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You will next define a Deployment that uses the negative-priority PriorityClass and runs a minimal container. When you add this to your cluster, Kubernetes runs those placeholder pods to reserve capac


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

deployments/deployment-with-capacity-reservation.yaml

Response: This text code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You should select, or create, a namespace that the placeholder Pods will go into.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: capacity-reservation
  # You should decide what namespace to deploy this into
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/description: "Capacity reservation"
    spec:
      priorityClassName: placeholder

Response:
      affinity: # Try to place these overhead Pods on different nodes
                # if possible
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
              topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: pause
        image: registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "50m"
            memory: "512Mi"
          limits:
            memory: "512Mi"


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: capacity-reservation
  # You should decide what namespace to deploy this into
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/description: "Capacity reservation"
    spec:
      priorityClassName: placeholder
      affinity: # Try to place these overhead Pods on different nodes
                # if possible
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
              topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: pause
        image: registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "50m"
            memory: "512Mi"
          limits:
            memory: "512Mi"

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You should select, or create, a namespace that the placeholder Pods will go into.


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

# Change the namespace name "example"
kubectl --namespace example apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/deployments/deployment-with-capacity-reservation.yaml

Response: This shell code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Configure the resource requests and limits for the placeholder pods to define the amount of overprovisioned resources you want to maintain. This reservation ensures that a specific amount of CPU and m


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

resources:
    requests:
      cpu: "100m"

Response:
      memory: "200Mi"
    limits:
      cpu: "100m"


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

resources:
    requests:
      cpu: "100m"
      memory: "200Mi"
    limits:
      cpu: "100m"

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | For example, with 5 replicas each reserving 0.1 CPU and 200MiB of memory:Total CPU reserved: 5 × 0.1 = 0.5 (in the Pod specification, you'll write the quantity 500m)Total memory reserved: 5 × 200MiB =


Prompt:
Explain this shell code:

kubectl scale deployment capacity-reservation --replicas=5

Response: This shell code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Verify the scaling:


Prompt:
Explain this none code:

NAME                   READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
capacity-reservation   5/5     5            5           2m

Response: This none code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster |


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

priorityclass/low-priority-class.yaml
apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:

Response:
  name: placeholder # these Pods represent placeholder capacity
value: -1000
globalDefault: false
description: "Negative priority for placeholder pods to enable overprovisioning."


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

priorityclass/low-priority-class.yaml
apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:
  name: placeholder # these Pods represent placeholder capacity
value: -1000
globalDefault: false
description: "Negative priority for placeholder pods to enable overprovisioning."

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Then create the PriorityClass:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:

Response:
  name: placeholder # these Pods represent placeholder capacity
value: -1000
globalDefault: false
description: "Negative priority for placeholder pods to enable overprovisioning."


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1
kind: PriorityClass
metadata:
  name: placeholder # these Pods represent placeholder capacity
value: -1000
globalDefault: false
description: "Negative priority for placeholder pods to enable overprovisioning."

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Then create the PriorityClass:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/priorityclass/low-priority-class.yaml

Response: This bash code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You will next define a Deployment that uses the negative-priority PriorityClass and runs a minimal container. When you add this to your cluster, Kubernetes runs those placeholder pods to reserve capac


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

deployments/deployment-with-capacity-reservation.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: capacity-reservation
  # You should decide what namespace to deploy this into
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/description: "Capacity reservation"
    spec:
      priorityClassName: placeholder

Response:
      affinity: # Try to place these overhead Pods on different nodes
                # if possible
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
              topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: pause
        image: registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "50m"
            memory: "512Mi"
          limits:
            memory: "512Mi"


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

deployments/deployment-with-capacity-reservation.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: capacity-reservation
  # You should decide what namespace to deploy this into
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/description: "Capacity reservation"
    spec:
      priorityClassName: placeholder
      affinity: # Try to place these overhead Pods on different nodes
                # if possible
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
              topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: pause
        image: registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "50m"
            memory: "512Mi"
          limits:
            memory: "512Mi"

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You should select, or create, a namespace that the placeholder Pods will go into.


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: capacity-reservation
  # You should decide what namespace to deploy this into
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/description: "Capacity reservation"
    spec:
      priorityClassName: placeholder

Response:
      affinity: # Try to place these overhead Pods on different nodes
                # if possible
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
              topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: pause
        image: registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "50m"
            memory: "512Mi"
          limits:
            memory: "512Mi"


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: capacity-reservation
  # You should decide what namespace to deploy this into
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
      annotations:
        kubernetes.io/description: "Capacity reservation"
    spec:
      priorityClassName: placeholder
      affinity: # Try to place these overhead Pods on different nodes
                # if possible
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: capacity-placeholder
              topologyKey: topology.kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: pause
        image: registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "50m"
            memory: "512Mi"
          limits:
            memory: "512Mi"

Response: This yaml code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | You should select, or create, a namespace that the placeholder Pods will go into.


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

# Change the namespace name "example"
kubectl --namespace example apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/deployments/deployment-with-capacity-reservation.yaml

Response: This text code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Configure the resource requests and limits for the placeholder pods to define the amount of overprovisioned resources you want to maintain. This reservation ensures that a specific amount of CPU and m


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

resources:
    requests:
      cpu: "100m"

Response:
      memory: "200Mi"
    limits:
      cpu: "100m"


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

resources:
    requests:
      cpu: "100m"
      memory: "200Mi"
    limits:
      cpu: "100m"

Response: This text code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | For example, with 5 replicas each reserving 0.1 CPU and 200MiB of memory:Total CPU reserved: 5 × 0.1 = 0.5 (in the Pod specification, you'll write the quantity 500m)Total memory reserved: 5 × 200MiB =


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl scale deployment capacity-reservation --replicas=5

Response: This bash code Overprovision Node Capacity For A Cluster | Verify the scaling:


Prompt:
Complete this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:

Response:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: "128Mi"
            cpu: "500m"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

Context: Debug Running Pods | Create deployment by running following command:


Prompt:
Explain this yaml code:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: "128Mi"
            cpu: "500m"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

Response: This yaml code Debug Running Pods | Create deployment by running following command:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/application/nginx-with-request.yaml

Response: This bash code Debug Running Pods | Check pod status by following command:

Context: Debug Running Pods | Check pod status by following command:


Prompt:
Explain this text code:

NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-cx2nz   1/1     Running   0          13s
nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-w6kd7   1/1     Running   0          13s

Response: This text code Debug Running Pods | We can retrieve a lot more information about each of these pods using kubectl describe pod. For example:

Context: Debug Running Pods | We can retrieve a lot more information about each of these pods using kubectl describe pod. For example:


Prompt:
Explain this bash code:

kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-w6kd7

Response: This bash code Debug Running Pods | Here you can see configuration information about the container(s) and Pod (labels, resource requirements, etc.), as well as status information about the container(s) and Pod (state, readiness, restart

Context: Debug Running Pods | Here you can see configuration information about the container(s) and Pod (labels, resource requirements, etc.), as well as status information about the container(s) and Pod (state, readiness, restart


Prompt:
Complete this text code:

Name:         nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-w6kd7
Namespace:    default
Priority:     0
Node:         kube-worker-1/192.168.0.113
Start Time:   Thu, 17 Feb 2022 16:51:01 -0500
Labels:       app=nginx
              pod-template-hash=67d4bdd6f5
Annotations:  <none>
Status:       Running
IP:           10.88.0.3
IPs:
  IP:           10.88.0.3
  IP:           2001:db8::1
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5
Containers:
  nginx:
    Container ID:   containerd://5403af59a2b46ee5a23fb0ae4b1e077f7ca5c5fb7af16e1ab21c00e0e616462a
    Image:          nginx
    Image ID:       docker.io/library/nginx@sha256:2834dc507516af02784808c5f48b7cbe38b8ed5d0f4837f16e78d00deb7e7767
    Port:           80/TCP
    Host Port:      0/TCP
    State:          Running
      Started:      Thu, 17 Feb 2022 16:51:05 -0500
    Ready:          True
    Restart Count:  0
    Limits:
      cpu:     500m
      memory:  128Mi
    Requests:

Response:
      cpu:        500m
      memory:     128Mi
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from kube-api-access-bgsgp (ro)
Conditions:
  Type              Status
  Initialized       True
  Ready             True
  ContainersReady   True
  PodScheduled      True
Volumes:
  kube-api-access-bgsgp:
    Type:                    Projected (a volume that contains injected data from multiple sources)
    TokenExpirationSeconds:  3607
    ConfigMapName:           kube-root-ca.crt
    ConfigMapOptional:       <nil>
    DownwardAPI:             true
QoS Class:                   Guaranteed
Node-Selectors:              <none>
Tolerations:                 node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
                             node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:
  Type    Reason     Age   From               Message
  ----    ------     ----  ----               -------
  Normal  Scheduled  34s   default-scheduler  Successfully assigned default/nginx-deployment-67d4bdd6f5-w6kd7 to kube-worker-1
  Normal  Pulling    31s   kubelet            Pulling image "nginx"
  Normal  Pulled     30s   kubelet            Successfully pulled image "nginx" in 1.146417389s
  Normal  Created    30s   kubelet            Created container nginx
  Normal  Started    30s   kubelet            Started container nginx