From: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Robert Lipman)
Subject: CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS: Navy SciViz/VR Seminar


			CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS
	
      NAVY SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION AND VIRTUAL REALITY SEMINAR

			Tuesday, June 22, 1993

	    Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center
	      (formerly the David Taylor Research Center)
			  Bethesda, Maryland

SPONSOR: NESS (Navy Engineering Software System) is sponsoring a 
one-day Navy Scientific Visualization and Virtual Reality Seminar.  
The purpose of the seminar is to present and exchange information for
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality programs, 
research, developments, and applications.

PRESENTATIONS: Presentations are solicited on all aspects of 
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality.  All 
current work, works-in-progress, and proposed work by Navy 
organizations will be considered.  Four types of presentations are 
available.

     1. Regular presentation: 20-30 minutes in length
     2. Short presentation: 10 minutes in length
     3. Video presentation: a stand-alone videotape (author need not 
	attend the seminar)
     4. Scientific visualization or virtual reality demonstration (BYOH)

Accepted presentations will not be published in any proceedings, 
however, viewgraphs and other materials will be reproduced for 
seminar attendees.

ABSTRACTS: Authors should submit a one page abstract and/or videotape to:

     Robert Lipman
     Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division
     Code 2042
     Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000

     VOICE (301) 227-3618;  FAX (301) 227-5753  
     E-MAIL  lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil

Authors should include the type of presentation, their affiliations, 
addresses, telephone and FAX numbers, and addresses.  Multi-author 
papers should designate one point of contact.

DEADLINES: The abstact submission deadline is April 30, 1993.  
Notification of acceptance will be sent by May 14, 1993.  
Materials for reproduction must be received by June 1, 1993.

For further information, contact Robert Lipman at the above address.

	  PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS WIDELY AS POSSIBLE, THANKS.




Robert Lipman                     | Internet: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil
David Taylor Model Basin - CDNSWC |       or: lip@ocean.dt.navy.mil
Computational Signatures and      | Voicenet: (301) 227-3618
   Structures Group, Code 2042    | Factsnet: (301) 227-5753
Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000    | Phishnet: stockings@long.legs
				   
The sixth sick shiek's sixth sheep's sick.

From: weston@ucssun1.sdsu.edu (weston t)
Subject: graphical representation of vector-valued functions

gnuplot, etc. make it easy to plot real valued functions of 2 variables
but I want to plot functions whose values are 2-vectors. I have been 
doing this by plotting arrays of arrows (complete with arrowheads) but
before going further, I thought I would ask whether someone has already
done the work. Any pointers??

thanx in advance


Tom Weston                    | USENET: weston@ucssun1.sdsu.edu
Department of Philosophy      | (619) 594-6218 (office)
San Diego State Univ.         | (619) 575-7477 (home)
San Diego, CA 92182-0303      | 

From: rap@coconut.cis.ufl.edu (Ryan Porter)
Subject: Re: DMORPH

In article <1993Apr3.183303.6442@usl.edu> jna8182@ucs.usl.edu (Armstrong Jay N) writes:
>Can someone please tell me where I can ftp DTA or DMORPH?

DMorf (Dave's Morph, I think is what it means) and DTax (Dave's 
TGA Assembler) are available in the MSDOS_UPLOADS directory
on the wuarchive.

They are arjed and bundled with their respective xmemory versions,
dmorfx.exe and dtax.exe, you can also find a version of aaplay.exe
there, with which you can view files you create with dta.exe or
dtax.exe.

I downloaded the whole bunch last week and have been morphing 
away the afternoons since.  The programmes are all a bit buggy and
definitely not-ready-to-spread-to-the-masses, but they are very
well written. 

The interface is frustrating at first, but it gets easy once you
figure out the tricks.

I have noticed that dmorfx will crash horribly if you try to morph
without using the splines option.  Not sure why, since I don't have
the source.  I think it was written for TP 6.0.

If anyone else comes up with any other hints on getting the thing 
to work right, tell me; it took me several hours the first time
just to figure out that if I just used the durned splines then 
it would work...

>JNA
>jna8182@usl.edu

-Ryan
rap@cis.ufl.edu

From: kph2q@onyx.cs.Virginia.EDU (Kenneth Hinckley)
Subject:   VOICE INPUT -- vendor information needed


Hello,
     I am looking to add voice input capability to a user interface I am
developing on an HP730 (UNIX) workstation.  I would greatly appreciate 
information anyone would care to offer about voice input systems that are 
easily accessible from the UNIX environment. 

     The names or adresses of applicable vendors, as well as any 
experiences you have had with specific systems, would be very helpful.

     Please respond via email; I will post a summary if there is 
sufficient interest.


Thanks,
Ken


P.S.  I have found several impressive systems for IBM PC's, but I would 
like to avoid the hassle of purchasing and maintaining a separate PC if 
at all possible.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ken Hinckley (kph2q@virginia.edu)
University of Virginia 
Neurosurgical Visualization Laboratory
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: joth@ersys.edmonton.ab.ca (Joe Tham)
Subject: Where can I find SIPP?

        I recently got a file describing a library of rendering routines 
called SIPP (SImple Polygon Processor).  Could anyone tell me where I can 
FTP the source code and which is the newest version around?
        Also, I've never used Renderman so I was wondering if Renderman 
is like SIPP?  ie. a library of rendering routines which one uses to make 
a program that creates the image...

                                        Thanks,  Joe Tham

--
Joe Tham              joth@ersys.edmonton.ab.ca 

From: andrey@cco.caltech.edu (Andre T. Yew)
Subject: Re: 16 million vs 65 thousand colors

d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen) writes:

>1-4 bits per R/G/B gives horrible machbanding visible in almost any picture.

>5 bits per R/G/B (32768, 65000 colors) gives visible machbanding

>color-gradient picture has _almost_ no machbanding. This color-resolution is 

>see some small machbanding on the smooth color-gradient picture, but all in all,
>There _ARE_ situiations where you get visible mach-banding even in
>a 24 bit card. If
>you create a very smooth color gradient of dark-green-white-yellow
>or something and turn
>up the contrast on the monitor, you will probably see some mach-banding.

    While I don't mean to damn Henrik's attempt to be helpful here,
he's using a common misconception that should be corrected.

    Mach banding will occur for any image.  It is not the color
quantization you see when you don't have enough bits.  It is the
human eye's response to transitions or edges between intensities.
The result is that colors near the transistion look brighter on
the brighter side and darker on the darker side.

--Andre

-- 
             Andre Yew andrey@cco.caltech.edu (131.215.139.2)

From: oehler@picard.cs.wisc.edu (Eric Oehler)
Subject: Translating TTTDDD to DXF or Swiv3D.

I am a Mac-user when it comes to graphics (that's what I own software and hardware for) and
I've recently come across a large number of TTTDDD format modeling databases.  Is there any
software, mac or unix, for translating those to something I could use, like DXF?  Please
reply via email.

Thanx.
Eric Oehler
oehler@picard.cs.wisc.edu

From: alex@talus.msk.su (Alex Kolesov)
Subject: Help on RenderMan language wanted!

Hello everybody !

If you are using PIXAR'S RenderMan 3D scene description language for creating 3D worlds, please, help me. 

I'm using RenderMan library on my NeXT but there is no documentation about NeXTSTEP version of RenderMan available. I can create very complicated scenes and render them using surface shaders, 
but I can not bring them to life by applying shadows and reflections.

As far as I understand I have to define environmental and shadows maps to produce reflections and shadows, but I do not know how to use them.

Any advises or simple RIB or C examples will be appreciated.
Thanks in advance...

---
Alex Kolesov                             Moscow, Russia.
Talus Imaging & Communications Corporation
e-mail: <alex@talus.msk.su> 		(NeXT mail accepted)  			   
.   

From: rowlands@pocomoco.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Jon Rowlands)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <1pp991$t63@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
writes:
>In article <1993Apr5.040819.14943@kpc.com> hollasch@kpc.com (Steve
>Hollasch) writes:
>>
>>    I think you're proposal would work to get an extra one, maybe two extra
>>bits of color resolution.  However, if you had a display that chould do only
>>zero or full intensity for each primary, I don't think you'd get great
>>equivalent 24-bit photographs.
>
>I have not suggested to do so; I wrote about problems, and the problem
>were clearly visible with 7 bit b&w images; not to mention 24 bit images.

[ description of experiment deleted ]

>If the 1 bit images are viewed quickly and in sync with screen,
>then 100 intensities could be better than we have -- I dunno.

[ more deleted ]

>In any case, getting black color with slow machines is problem.
>I could try it on our 8 bit screens but I don't know how to
>render pixels with X in constant time. I recall our double buffer
>has other image color and one b&w -- that doesn't help either.
>Maybe I should dump photos to screen with low level code; how?

A few years ago a friend and I took some 256 grey-level photos from
a 1 bit Mac Plus screen using this method. Displaying all 256 levels
synchronized to the 60Hz display took about 10 seconds. After
experimenting with different aperture settings and screen
brightnesses we found a range that worked well, giving respectable
contrast. The quality of the images was pretty good. There were no
visible contrast bands.

To minimize the exposure time the display program built 255
different 1 bit frames. The first contained a dot only for pixels
that had value 255, the second only for pixels that had value 254,
etc. These frames were stored using a sparse data structure that was
very fast to 'or' onto the screen in sequence. Creating these
frames sometimes took 5-10 minutes on that old Mac, but the camera
shutter was closed during that time anyway. And yes, we wrote
directly to the screen memory. Mea culpa.

Our biggest problem was that small images were displayed in the
top left corner of the screen instead of the center. It took
an extra week to have the film developed and printed, because the
processors took the trouble to manually move the all images into
the center of the print. Who'd have guessed?

regards,
Jon Rowlands

From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <C51C4r.BtG@csc.ti.com> rowlands@hc.ti.com (Jon Rowlands) writes:
>
>A few years ago a friend and I took some 256 grey-level photos from
>a 1 bit Mac Plus screen using this method. Displaying all 256 levels
>synchronized to the 60Hz display took about 10 seconds.

Why didn't you create 8 grey-level images, and display them for
1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128... time slices?

This requires the same total exposure time, and the same precision in
timing, but drastically reduces the image-preparation time, no?






-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

From: lex@optimla.aimla.com (Lex van Sonderen)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <h1p4s4g@zola.esd.sgi.com> erik@westworld.esd.sgi.com (Erik Fortune) writes:
>> better than CDI
>*Much* better than CDI.
Of course, I do not agree.  It does have more horsepower.  Horsepower is not
the only measurement for 'better'.  It does not have full motion, full screen
video yet.  Does it have CD-ROM XA?

>> starting in the 4 quarter of 1993
>The first 3DO "multiplayer" will be manufactured by panasonic and will be 
>available late this year.   A number of other manufacturers are reported to 
>have 3DO compatible boxes in the works.
Which other manufacturers?
We shall see about the date.

>All this information is third hand or so and worth what you paid for it:-).
This is second hand, but it still hard to look to the future ;-).

Lex van Sonderen
lex@aimla.com
Philips Interactive Media

From: teckjoo@iti.gov.sg (Chua Teck Joo)
Subject: Visuallib (3D graphics for Windows)


I am currently looking for a 3D graphics library that runs on MS
Windows 3.1.  Are there any such libraries out there other than
Visuallib?  (It must run on VGA and should not require any other
add-on graphics cards).

For Visuallib, will it run with Metaware High C compiler v3.0?  Any
email contact for the author of Visuallib?

Any help would be much appreciated.  Thanks.


-- 
* Chua, Teck Joo	    | Information Technology Institute *
* Email: teckjoo@iti.gov.sg | 71 Science Park Drive	       *
* Phone: (65) 772-0237 	    | Singapore (0511)		       *
* Fax:   (65) 779-1827      |			   	       *

From: cst@garfield.catt.ncsu.edu (Caroline Tsang)
Subject: Graphics Library Package

Hi all,

  I am looking for a recommandation on a good royalty free graphics
library package for C and C++ program.  This is mainly use to write
children games and education software.  I heard someone mentioned Genus
and also GFX ?  Are they any good?

Please pardon me if my question sounds a little strange, I am asking
this question for a friend.

Thanks in advance!

Caroline Tsang
<cst@garfield.catt.ncsu.edu>
  

From: bprofane@netcom.com (Gert Niewahr)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <C51Eyz.4Ix@optimla.aimla.com> lex@optimla.aimla.com (Lex van Sonderen) writes:
>In article <h1p4s4g@zola.esd.sgi.com> erik@westworld.esd.sgi.com (Erik Fortune) writes:
>>> better than CDI
>>*Much* better than CDI.
>Of course, I do not agree.  It does have more horsepower.  Horsepower is not
>the only measurement for 'better'.  It does not have full motion, full screen
>video yet.  Does it have CD-ROM XA?
>
>>> starting in the 4 quarter of 1993
>>The first 3DO "multiplayer" will be manufactured by panasonic and will be 
>>available late this year.   A number of other manufacturers are reported to 
>>have 3DO compatible boxes in the works.
>Which other manufacturers?
>We shall see about the date.

A 3DO marketing rep. recently offered a Phillips marketing rep. a $100
bet that 3DO would have boxes on the market on schedule.  The Phillips
rep. declined the bet, probably because he knew that 3DO players are
already in pre-production manufacturing runs, 6 months before the
commercial release date.

By the time of commercial release, there will be other manufacturers of
3DO players announced and possibly already tooling up production.  Chip
sets will be in full production.  The number of software companies
designing titles for the box will be over 300.

How do I know this?  I was at a bar down the road from 3DO headquarters
last week.  Some folks were bullshitting a little too loudly about
company business.

>>All this information is third hand or so and worth what you paid for it:-).
>This is second hand, but it still hard to look to the future ;-).
>
>Lex van Sonderen
>lex@aimla.com
>Philips Interactive Media
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

 What an impartial source!

From: hl7204@eehp22 (H L)
Subject: Re: Graphics Library Package

  


From: steveq@DIALix.oz.au (Steve Quartly)
Subject: WANTED: SIRD Alogorythmn

Hi,

I'm interested in writing a program to generate a SIRD picture, you know
the stereogram where you cross your eyes and the picture becomes 3D.

Does anyone have one or know where I can get one?

Please e-mail to steveq@sndcrft.DIALix.oz.au with any replies.

Many thanks for your help.

Steve Q.

From: ari@tahko.lpr.carel.fi (Ari Suutari)
Subject: Any graphics packages available for AIX ?


	Does anybody know if there are any good 2d-graphics packages
	available for IBM RS/6000 & AIX ? I'm looking for something
	like DEC's GKS or Hewlett-Packards Starbase, both of which
	have reasonably good support for different output devices
	like plotters, terminals, X etc.

	I have tried also xgks from X11 distribution and IBM's implementation
	of Phigs. Both of them work but we require more output devices
	than just X-windows.

	Our salesman at IBM was not very familiar with graphics and
	I am not expecting for any good solutions from there.


		Ari

---

	Ari Suutari			ari@carel.fi
	Carelcomp Oy
	Lappeenranta
	FINLAND


From: wijkstra@fwi.uva.nl (Marcel Wijkstra (AIO))
Subject: Re: BW hardcopy of colored window?

mars@ixos.de (Martin Stein) writes:

#I use xwd/xpr (from the X11R5 dist.) and various programs of the
#ppm-tools to print hardcopies of colored X windows. My problem is,

I don't like xpr. It gives (at least, the X11R4 version does) louzy
output: the hardcopy looks very grainy to me.
Instead, I use pnmtops. This takes full advantage PostScript, and
lets the printer do the dirty job of dithering a (graylevel)
image to black and white dots.

So: if you have a PostScript printer, try:
	xwdtopnm <xwdfile> |	# convert to PPM
	[ppmtopgm |]		# .. to graylevel for smaller file to print
	pnmtops -noturn |	# .. to PostScript
	lpr			# print

pnmtops Has several neat options, but use them with care:
If you want your image to be 4" wide, use:
	pnmtops -noturn -scale 100 -width 4
-noturn Prevents the image from being rotated (if it is wider than it
	is high)
-width 4 Specifies the PAPER width (not the image width - see below)
-scale 100 Is used because if the image is small, it may fit within a
	width less than 4", and will thus be printed smaller than 4" wide.
	If you first scale it up a lot, it will certainly not fit in 4", and
	will be scaled down by pnmtops automatically to fit the specified
	paper width. 
	In short: pnmtops will scale an image down to fit the paper size,
	but it will not blow it up automatically.

Hope this helps.
Marcel.
-- 
 X	   Marcel Wijkstra   AIO   (wijkstra@fwi.uva.nl)
|X|	     Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science	
 X	       University of Amsterdam   The Netherlands
======Life stinks. Fortunately, I've got a cold.========

From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <1993Apr6.011605.909@cis.uab.edu> sloan@cis.uab.edu
(Kenneth Sloan) writes:
>
>Why didn't you create 8 grey-level images, and display them for
>1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128... time slices?

By '8 grey level images' you mean 8 items of 1bit images?
It does work(!), but it doesn't work if you have more than 1bit
in your screen and if the screen intensity is non-linear.

With 2 bit per pixel; there could be 1*c_1 + 4*c_2 timing,
this gives 16 levels, but they are linear if screen intensity is
linear.
With 1*c_1 + 2*c_2 it works, but we have to find the best
compinations -- there's 10 levels, but 16 choises; best 10 must be
chosen. Different compinations for the same level, varies a bit, but
the levels keeps their order.

Readers should verify what I wrote... :-)

Juhana Kouhia

From: renouar@amertume.ufr-info-p7.ibp.fr (Renouard Olivier)
Subject: LOOKING for CTDS !

I can't find CTDS (Connect The Dots Smoother) in France. If it is a commercial
program I'll happily pay whatever it may cost (do not take it litterally).
Please help!
I have *LOTS* of PoV sources, texture images and animations though, if you
are looking for something, just tell.

From: renouar@amertume.ufr-info-p7.ibp.fr (Renouard Olivier)
Subject: Re: POV previewer

Actually I am trying to write something like this but I encounter some
problems, amongst them:

- drawing a 3d wireframe view of a quadric/quartic requires that you have
the explicit equation of the quadric/quartic (x, y, z functions of some
parameters). How to convert the implicit equation used by PoV to an
explicit one? Is it mathematically always possible?

I don't have enough math to find out by myself, has anybody heard about
useful books on the subject?

From: dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil
Subject: Re: Real Time Graphics??

In article <C4vA9r.KK7@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil>, stockel@oahu.oc.nps.navy.mil (Jim Stockel) writes:
> Hi,
> 
> I will be writing a data acquisition program to collect data from a
> variety of sources including RS232, and external A/D's, and I would
> like to be able to display the data in near realtime.  I've done this
> type of thing on PC's and other machines, but I am unaware of any graphics
> package that could help me with this on a UNIX machine.
> 
> .......
> 
> Does anyone have any ideas on commercial or "free" packages that might
> suit my needs?  I would really appreciate any input.  I'm sure this has
> been done many times before.
> 

  For a commerical package try WAVE from  Precision Visuals
                                           505-530-6563

  For a free package try KHOROS from University of New Mexico
                                      508-277-6563
                                   ftp from
                              ptrg.eece.unm.edu

    Login in anonyomus or ftp  with a valid email address as the password
               cd /pub/khoros/release

   That will get you to the right place.

                                                         David

From: scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe)
Subject: BGI Drivers for SVGA

I require BGI drivers for Super VGA Displays and Super XVGA Displays. Does 
anyone know where I could obtain the relevant drivers ? (FTP sites ??)

	Regards


		Simon Crowe





From: d91-fad@tekn.hj.se (DANIEL FALK)
Subject: RE: VESA on the Speedstar 24

>>>kjb/MGL/uvesa32.zip
>>>
>>>This is a universal VESA driver.  It supports most video
>>>boards/chipsets (include the Speedstar-24 and -24X) up to
>>>24 bit color.
>>>
>>>Terry
>>>
>>>P.S.  I've tried it on a Speedstar-24 and -24X and it works. :)

>>Not with all software. :( For instance it doesn't work at all with
>>Animator Pro from Autodesk. It can't detect ANY SVGA modes when 
>>running UniVESA. This is really a problem as we need a VESA driver
>>for both AA Pro and some hi-color stuff. :(

>Just out of curiosity... Are you using the latest version (3.2)?  Versions
>previous to this did not fill in all of the capabilities bits and other
>information correctly.  I had problems with a lot of software until I got
>this version.  (I don't think the author got around to posting an 
>announcementof it (or at least I missed it), but 3.2 was available in the 
>directory indicated as of 3/29.)

I sure did use version 3.2. It works fine with most software but NOT
with Animator Pro and that one is quite important to me. Pretty
useless program without that thing working IMHO.
So I hope the author can fix that.

/Daniel...




=============================================================================
!!      Daniel Falk          \\  " Don't quote me! No comments! "          !! 
!!      ^^^^^^ ^^^^           \\               Ebenezum the Great Wizard   !! 
!!      d91-fad@tekn.hj.se     \\                                          !!
!!      d91fad@hjds90.hj.se    //  Also known as the mega-famous musician  !!
!!      Jkpg, Sweeeeeden...    \\         Leinad of The Yellow Ones        !!
=============================================================================

From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: (None set)

==============================================================================
Bear with me i'm new at this game, but could anyone explain exactly what DMORF
does, does it simply fade one bitmap into another or does it re shape one bitma
p into another. Please excuse my ignorance, i' not even sure if i've posted thi
s message correctly.

From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: HELP WANTED FOR DMORF.......!

==============================================================================
Please bear with me as i am new at this game, i apologize unreservedly if i hav
e posted another message earlier by mistake. but i digress, could anyone out th
ere please explain exactly what DMORF does (dtax.exe). Does it simply fade one
bitmap into another or does it reshape one bitmap into another. Excuse my ignor
ance.....

From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: test....(sorry)

==============================================================================

From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

They need a hit software product to encourage software sales of the product,
i.e. the Pong, Pacman, VisiCalc, dBase, or Pagemaker of multi-media.
There are some multi-media and digital television products out there already,
albeit, not as capable as 3DO's.  But are there compelling reasons to buy
such yet?  Perhaps someone in this news group will write that hit software :-)

Subject: Technical Help Sought
From: jiu1@husc11.harvard.edu (Haibin Jiu)

Hi!  I am in immediate need for details of various graphics compression
techniques.  So if you know where I could obtain descriptions of algo-
rithms or public-domain source codes for such formats as JPEG, GIF, and
fractals, I would be immensely grateful if you could share the info with
me.  This is for a project I am contemplating of doing.

Thanks in advance.  Please reply via e-mail if possible.

--hBJ

From: srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz)
Subject: Surface normal orientations

Some rendering programs require that all surface normals point in the same
direction.  (ie: On a closed cube, all normals point outwards).  You can use
the points on the faces to determine the direction of the normal, by making
sure that all points are either in clockwise or counter-clockwise order.

How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
set of points, edges and faces?   Say that you had a cube with all faces that 
have their normals facing outwards, except for one face.  What's the
best way to realize that face is "flipped", and should have it's points
re-ordered?   I thought I had a good way of telling this, but then realized
that the algorithm I had would only tell you if you had points in clockwise
order for a 2d polygon.  I'd like something for 3d data.

Any hints, tips, references would be appreciated.

Steve
-- 
Where humor is concerned there are no standards -- no one can say what is good 
or bad, although you can be sure that everyone will.  -- John Kenneth Galbraith
------- These opinions are my own.

From: egerter@gaul.csd.uwo.ca (Barry Egerter)
Subject: Re: Graphics Library Package


	WGT is the WordUp Graphics Toolkit, designed by yours truly and my
co-programmer (and brother) Chris Egerter. It is a Turbo/Borland C++ graphics
library for programming in 320*200*256 VGA. We are currently producing it as
shareware, but in a few years it may be a commercial product (excuse typos,
there's no backspace on this terminal). Features include:

- loading and saving bit-images (called blocks from herein)
- flipping, resizing and warping blocks
- loading and saving palette, fading, several in memory at once
- graphics primitives such as line, circle, bar, rectangle
- region fill (not the usually useless floodfill)
- sprites (animated bitmaps), up to 200 onscreen at once
- joystick/mouse support
- SB support (VOC and CMF)
- tile-based game creation using 16*16 pixel tiles to create
  a 320*200 tile map (or game world) like in Duke Nuke 'Em
- number of sprites increased to 1000
- Professional Sprite Creator utility and Map Maker
-  routines to simplify scrolling games using maps, etc
- FLI playing routines, sprites can be animated over the FLI while playing
- PCX support, soon GIF
- EMS/XMS coming soon as well

Leave E-mail to Barry Egerter at    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca

Files available on:      (use  mget wgt*.zip)

SIMTEL20 and mirrors                pd1:<msdos.turbo-c>

nic.funet.fi                        pub/msdos/games/programming

Some sites may not have recent files, contact me for info regarding the up-to-
date information.










From: IMAGING.CLUB@OFFICE.WANG.COM ("Imaging Club")
Subject: Re: Signature Image Database

Contact Signaware Corp
800-4583820
800 6376564

-------------------------------- Original Memo --------------------------------
BCC:     Vincent Wall                   From:      Imaging Club
Subject: Signature verification  ?      Date Sent: 05/04/93

sci.image.processing
From: yyqi@ece.arizona.edu (Yingyong Qi)
Subject: Signature Image Database
Organization: U of Arizona Electrical and Computer Engineering

Hi, All:

Could someone tell me if there is a database of handwriting signature
images available for evaluating signature verification systems.

Thanks.

YY

From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In article <1993Apr6.175117.1848@cis.uab.edu> sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan) writes:

A brilliant algorithm.  *NOT*

Seriously - it's correct, up to a sign change.  The flaw is obvious, and
will therefore not be shown.

sorry about that.



-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

From: pallis@server.uwindsor.ca (PALLIS  DIMITRIOS        )
Subject: Re: Genoa Blitz 24 hits 1600x1200x256 NI !

i am sorry, but this genoa card does nothing that the ATI ultra plus 2mb
can't do, PLUS the ATI costs 330$US street price ....


From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In article <1pscti$aqe@travis.csd.harris.com> srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz) writes:
>...
>How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
>set of points, edges and faces? 

Look for edge inconsistencies.  Consider two vertices, p and q, which
are connected by at least one edge.

If (p,q) is an edge, then (q,p) should *not* appear.  

If *both* (p,q) and (q,p) appear as edges, then the surface "flips" when
you travel across that edge.  This is bad.  

Assuming (warning...warning...warning) that you have an otherwise
acceptable surface - you can pick an edge, any edge, and traverse the
surface enforcing consistency with that edge.  

    0) pick an edge (p,q), and mark it as "OK"
    1) for each face, F, containing this edge (if more than 2, oops)
       make sure that all edges in F are consistent (i.e., the Face
       should be [(p,q),(q,r),(r,s),(s,t),(t,p)]).  Flip those which
       are wrong. Mark all of the edges in F as "OK",
       and add them to a queue (check for duplicates, and especially
       inconsistencies - don't let the queue have both (p,q) and (q,p)). 
    2) remove an edge from the queue, and go to 1).

If a *marked* edge is discovered to be inconsistent, then you lose.

If step 1) finds more than one face sharing a particular edge, then you
lose. 
    
Otherwise, when done, all of the edges will be consistent.  Which means
that all of the surface normals will either point IN or OUT.  Deciding
which way is OUT is left as an exercise...



-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

From: gavin@krypton.asd.sgi.com (Gavin Bell)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In <1pscti$aqe@travis.csd.harris.com> srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz) writes:
>How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
>set of points, edges and faces?

This algorithm works well for me:

Algorithm to attempt to find outward-facing normals:
---------------------------------------------------
First, mark all faces as UNKNOWN.

Then create an edge dictionary that allows you to find all of the
faces sharing a given edge (where an edge is two integers representing
the two shared vertices).

Pick an arbitrary face and mark it COUNTER_CLOCKWISE.  Using the edge
dictionary, orient all surrounding faces based on the orientation of
this face.  And recurse for all surrounding faces, consistently
orienting the entire surface.

Find the average of the vertices in this surface.  Using that point,
calculate a volume measurement, taking into account the face's
orientation.  If the volume turns out to be positive, assume the faces
are oriented correctly.  If it is negative, reverse their orientations
(mark them CLOCKWISE).

If any faces are still UNKNOWN after this, choose another face
and go through the algorithm again.

At the end, faces marked CLOCKWISE must have their indices reversed
before facet normals are found.

(Note: if you are running on Silicon Graphics machines and buy the
IRIS Inventor 3D toolkit developers package you have the source to
this algorithm-- see /usr/src/Inventor/tools/ivnorm/.  If you're
not... sorry, I can't give out the source, and even if I could it
relies heavily on Inventor).
--
--gavin     (gavin@sgi.com,  (415)390-1024)

From: d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen)
Subject: Re: 16 million vs 65 thousand colors

andrey@cco.caltech.edu (Andre T. Yew) writes:

>d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen) writes:

>>1-4 bits per R/G/B gives horrible machbanding visible in almost any picture.

>>5 bits per R/G/B (32768, 65000 colors) gives visible machbanding

>>color-gradient picture has _almost_ no machbanding. This color-resolution is 

>>see some small machbanding on the smooth color-gradient picture, but all in all,
>>There _ARE_ situiations where you get visible mach-banding even in
>>a 24 bit card. If
>>you create a very smooth color gradient of dark-green-white-yellow
>>or something and turn
>>up the contrast on the monitor, you will probably see some mach-banding.

>    While I don't mean to damn Henrik's attempt to be helpful here,
>he's using a common misconception that should be corrected.

>    Mach banding will occur for any image.  It is not the color
>quantization you see when you don't have enough bits.  It is the
>human eye's response to transitions or edges between intensities.
>The result is that colors near the transistion look brighter on
>the brighter side and darker on the darker side.

>--Andre

Yeah, of course... The term 'mach banding' was not the correct one, it should've
been 'color quantization effect'. Although a bad color quantization effect could
result in some visible mach-bands on a picture that was smooth before it was
quantizised.

--
Henrik Harmsen     Internet:  d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se
               Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. 
      "I haven't lost my mind -- it's backed up on tape somewhere."

From: dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil
Subject: Re: Real Time Graphics??

In article <1993Apr5.114428.2061@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil>, dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil writes:
> In article <C4vA9r.KK7@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil>, stockel@oahu.oc.nps.navy.mil (Jim Stockel) writes:
>> Hi,
>> 
>> 


 Opps!  typed in the phone numbers wrong.  Here are the correct numbers.

> 
>   For a commerical package try WAVE from  Precision Visuals


                                            303-530-9000

> 
>   For a free package try KHOROS from University of New Mexico


                                       505-277-6563


>                                    ftp from
>                               ptrg.eece.unm.edu
> 
>     Login in anonyomus or ftp  with a valid email address as the password
>                cd /pub/khoros/release

From: bsaffo01@cad.gmeds.com (Brian H. Safford)
Subject: IGES Viewer for DOS/Windows

Anybody know of an IGES Viewer for DOS/Windows? I need to be able to display 
ComputerVision IGES files on a PC running Windows 3.1. Thanks in advance.

+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Brian H. Safford           EMAIL: bsaffo01@cad.gmeds.com  |
| Electronic Data Systems    PHONE: (313) 696-6302          |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| NOTE: The views and opinions expressed herein are mine,   |
| and DO NOT reflect those of Electronic Data Systems Corp. |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

From: brr1@ns1.cc.lehigh.edu (BRANT RICHARD RITTER)
Subject: computer graphics to vcr?


    HELP   MY FRIEND AND I HAVE A CLASS PROJECT IN WHICH WE ARE TRYING TO MAKE
    A COMPUTER ANIMATED MOVIE OF SORTS WITH THE DISNEY ANIMATION AND WOULD
    LIKE TO PUT WHAT WE HAVE ON A VCR IS THIS POSSIBLE?  IS IT EASY AND
    RELATIVELY CHEAP? IF SO HOW? WE BOTH HAVE 386 IBM COMPATIBLES BUT ARE
    RELATIVELY CLUELESS WITH COMPUTERS IF YOU COULD HELP PLEASE DO.

                                THANX.
-- 
BRANT RITTER
-----------------------------------------------------
moshing--   "a cosmic cesspool of physical delight."
                                  -A. Kiedas
                                     RHCP
-----------------------------------------------------

From: mbh2@engr.engr.uark.edu (M. Barton Hodges)
Subject: Stereoscopic imaging

I am interested in any information on stereoscopic imaging on a sun
workstation.  For the most part, I need to know if there is any hardware
available to interface the system and whether the refresh rates are
sufficient to produce quality image representations.  Any information
about the subject would be greatly appreciated.

    Thanks!


From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In article <7155@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
> One thing:  a small change in initial conditions can cause a huge
> change in final conditions.  There are certain things about the way
> the plate tektoniks and volcanic activity effect a land scape that
> is, while not entirely random, unpredictable.  This is also true with
> fractals, so one could also conclude that you could model this
> fractally. 

Yeah, and it's also true most long complicated sequences of events,
calculations, or big computer programs in general.  I don't argue
that you can get similar and maybe useful results from fractals, I
just question whether you >should<.

The fractal fiends seem to be saying that any part of a system that we
can't model should be replaced with a random number generator.  That
has been useful, for instance, in making data more palatable to human
perception or for torture testing the rest of the system, but I don't
think it has much to do with fractals, and I certainly would rather
that the model be improved in a more explicable manner.

I guess I just haven't seen all these earth-shaking fractal models
that explain and correlate to the universe as it actually exists.  I
really hope I do, but I'm not holding my self-similar breath.

> There is one other thing that fractals are good for:  fractal
> image compression.

Uh huh.  I'll believe it when I see it.  I've been chasing fractal
compression for a few years, and I still don't believe in it.  If it's so
great, how come we don't see it competing with JPEG?  'Cause it can't,
I'll wager.

Actually, I have wagered, I quit trying to make fractal compression
work- and I was trying- because I don't think it's a reasonable
alternative to other techniques.  It is neat, though. :-)

I'll reiterate my disbelief that everything is fractal.  That's why I
don't think fractal compression as it is widely explained is
practical.  I know Barnsley and Sloan have some tricks up their
sleeves that make their demos work, but I don't see anyone using it in a
real product.  It's been six years since Iterated Systems was formed,
right?

	"There are always going to be questions until there's a product
	out there," Sloan replies.  The company plans to ship its first
	encoding devices in the summer, he says.  In March, Iterated
	Systems will have the other half of the system: the decoders.

		- Scientific American, March 1990, page 77

Allen B (Don't even get me started :-) )

From: ranjan@cs.ubc.ca (Vishwa Ranjan)
Subject: Complex (i.e. with real and imaginary parts) bio-medical images..

Are  complex  bio-medical  images  available  anywhere on the net for 
experimentation?  By complex I mean that every sampled data point has 
a magnitude and phase information both. 

Thanks for any pointers,
--Vishwa


From: sas58295@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Lord Soth       )
Subject: MPEG for MS-DOS

Does anyone know where I can FTP MPEG for DOS from?  Thanks for any
help in advance.  Email is preferred but posting is fine.

				Scott


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Lord Soth, Knight |||| email to --> LordSoth@uiuc                ||||||||
| of the Black Rose |||| NeXT to ---> sas58295@sumter.cso.uiuc.edu ||||||||
|   @}--'-,--}--    |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|    I have no clue what I want to say in here so I won't say anything.   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: jack@shograf.com (Jack Ritter)
Subject: Help!!

I need a complete list of all the polygons
that there are, in order.

I'll summarize to the net.


--------------------------------------------------------
   "If only I had been compiled with the '-g' option."
---------------------------------------------------------

From: geoffrey@cosc.canterbury.ac.nz (Geoff Thomas)
Subject: Re: Help! 256 colors display in C.


You'll probably have to set the palette up before you try drawing
in the new colours.

Use the bios interrupt calls to set the r g & b values (in the range
from 0-63 for most cards) for a particular palette colour (in the
range from 0-255 for 256 colour modes).

Then you should be able to draw pixels in those palette values and
the result should be ok.

You might have to do a bit of colourmap compressing if you have
more than 256 unique rgb triplets, for a 256 colour mode.


Geoff Thomas			geoffrey@cosc.canterbury.ac.nz
Computer Science Dept.
University of Canterbury
Private Bag				+-------+
Christchurch				| Oook! |
New Zealand				+-------+

From: tessmann@cs.ubc.ca (Markus Tessmann)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:

>They need a hit software product to encourage software sales of the product,
>i.e. the Pong, Pacman, VisiCalc, dBase, or Pagemaker of multi-media.
>There are some multi-media and digital television products out there already,
>albeit, not as capable as 3DO's.  But are there compelling reasons to buy
>such yet?  Perhaps someone in this news group will write that hit software :-)

I've just had the good fortune to be hired by Electronic Arts as Senior
Computer Graphics Artist at the Vancouver, Canada office.  :^)

The timing has a lot to do with the 3DO which EA is putting a lot of resources
into.  I do not know of any titles to be developed as yet but will be happy to
post as things develop.  I start there May 3.

	Markus Tessmann

From: johnsh@rpi.edu (Hugh Johnson)
Subject: Re: QuickTime movie available

In article <johnsh-040493161915@mustang.stu.rpi.edu>, I wrote:
> 
> I've used the recently-released Macintosh application MPEG to QuickTime to
> convert the excellent MPEG "canyon.mpg" into a QuickTime movie.  While
> anyone who would want this movie is perfectly able to convert it
> themselves, I thought I'd let the net know that I'd be glad to mail copies
> of mine out.  The movie conversion took close to SIX HOURS on my poor
> little IIcx; in other words, unless you've got a Quadra, you might not want
> to tie up your machine in converting this file.
> 
> The movie is a fast fly-through of a fractal-generated canyon landscape. 
> The movie is 58 seconds long, and uses the compact video compressor (i.e.,
> QuickTime v1.5).  The movie looks okay on 8-bit displays, and looks
> absolutely awesome on 16- and 24-bit displays.
> 
> I'd be happy to mail this movie to the first 20 or so people who ask for
> it.  The only caveat is you need to be able to receive a nine-megabyte mail
> message (the movie was stuff-it'ed down to seven megs, but binhex ruined
> that party).  If more then 20 people want this movie, then it's just more
> evidence that the net needs a dedicated QuickTime FTP archive site.  C'mon,
> someone's gotta have a spare 1.2GB drive out there...

Okay, I've received a whole lot of requests for the movie, so for
simplicity's sake I can't mail out any more than I've already received (as
of 16:30 EDT, Tuesday).  Maybe it'll pop up on a site sooner or later.

==============================================================================
Hugh Johnson (johnsh@rpi.edu)    | 
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute |            Welcome to Macintosh.
Troy, New York, USA              |
==============================================================================

From: george@ccmail.larc.nasa.gov (George M. Brown)
Subject: QC/MSC code to view/save images

Dear Binary Newsers,

I am looking for Quick C or Microsoft C code for image decoding from file for
VGA viewing and saving images from/to GIF, TIFF, PCX, or JPEG format. I have
scoured the Internet, but its like trying to find a Dr. Seuss spell checker 
TSR. It must be out there, and there's no need to reinvent the wheel.

Thanx in advance.

//////////////

 The Internet is like a Black Hole....

Subject: AutoCAD -> TIFF Can it be done????
From: cvadrmaz@vmsb.is.csupomona.edu

Hello, I realize that this might be a FAQ but I have to ask since I don't get a
change to read this newsgroup very often.  Anyways for my senior project I need
to convert an AutoCad file to a TIFF file.  Please I don't need anyone telling
me that the AutoCAD file is a vector file and the TIFF is a bit map since I
have heard that about 100 times already I would just like to know if anyone
knows how to do this or at least point me to the right direction.

Any help greatly appreciated,
Matt Georgy

From: amjad@eng.umd.edu (Amjad A Soomro)
Subject: Gamma-Law Correction

Hi:

I am digitizing a NTSC signal and displaying on a PC video monitor.
It is known that the display response of tubes is non-linear and is
sometimes said to follow Gamma-Law. I am not certain if these
non-linearities are "Gamma-corrected" before encoding NTSC signals
or if the TV display is supposed to correct this.
 
Also, if  256 grey levels, for example, are coded in a C program do
these intensity levels appear with linear brightness on a PC
monitor? In other words does PC monitor display circuitry
correct for "gamma errrors"?
 
Your response is much appreciated.
 
Amjad.

Amjad Soomro
CCS, Computer Science Center
U. of Maryland at College Park
email: amjad@wam.umd.edu


From: mlee@eng.sdsu.edu (Mike Lee)
Subject: MPEG for x-windows MONO needed.

Hello, and thank you for reading this request.  I have a Mpeg viewer for x-windows and it did not run because I was running it on a monochrome monitor.  I need the mono-driver for mpeg_play.   

Please post the location of the file or better yet, e-mail me at mlee@eng.sdsu.edu.


From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: thining algorithm

In article <1q7615INNmi@shelley.u.washington.edu> kshin@stein.u.washington.edu  
(Kevin Shin) writes:
> I am trying obtain program to preprocess handwriting characters.
> Like thining algorithm, graph alogrithm.
> Do anyone know where I can obtain those?

I usually use "Algorithms for graphics and image processing" by
Theodosios Pavlidis, but other people here got them same idea and now
3 of 4 copies in the libraries have been stolen!

Another reference is "Digital Image Processing" by Gonzalez and
Wintz/Wood, which is widely available but a little expensive ($55
here- I just checked today).

ab

From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <1993Apr10.160929.696@galki.toppoint.de> ulrich@galki.toppoint.de  
writes:
> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
> significance".
> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy,
> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

I'm sure it is, and I am not amused.  Every time I read that part of the
TIFF spec, it infuriates me- and I'm none too happy about the
complexity of the spec anyway- because I think their "arbitrary but
carefully chosen number" is neither.  Additionally, I find their
choice of 4 bytes to begin a file with meaningless of themselves- why
not just use the letters "TIFF"?

(And no, I don't think they should have bothered to support both word
orders either- and I've found that many TIFF readers actually
don't.)

ab

From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

gchen@essex.ecn.uoknor.edu writes in article <C55DoH.2AI@constellation.ecn.uoknor.edu>:
> 
> Greetings!
> 
> Does anybody know if it is possible to set VGA graphics mode to 640x400
> instead of 640x480?  Any info is appreciated!

Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

abraxis@iastate.edu writes in article <abraxis.734340159@class1.iastate.edu>:
> 
> Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?
> Micron is selling it with their systems They rank them at 50 winmarks...
> Any info would help...
> thanks.

It's supposedly a high-performance chip based upon workstation graphics
accelerators.  It's quite fast (I have 7), but as usual with new boards/chips
the drivers are buggy for Windows.  As far as Winmarks go, it depends upon
the version.  I think I got 42M winmarks with version 3.11.  2.5 yielded the
50+ number.  I've also benchmarked this with Wintach at over 65 (from memory
as well).

As far as the low-level stuff goes, it looks pretty nice.  It's got this
quadrilateral fill command that requires just the four points.

It's very fast, but beware of buggy drivers, and otherwise no non-windows
support.

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

From: lewism@aix.rpi.edu (Michael C. Lewis)
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

In article <lsk1v9INN93c@caspian.usc.edu> zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:
>
>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 
>Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

It is used to create a TIN (triangulated irregular network), which is
basically a bunch of triangles which form a surface over a group of
points.  What is special about it is that the triangles formed are the 
most equalateral possible.  Check out "Proceedings of AutoCarto N" where
N is 8..10.  Sorry, I don't have a specific reference describing the
process.
-Michael




From: rubery@saturn.aitc.rest.tasc.com. (Dan Rubery)
Subject: Graphic Formats

I am writing some utilies to convert Regis and Tektonic esacpe sequences  
into some useful formats. I would rather not have to goto a bitmap format.  
I can convert them to Window Meta FIles easily enough, but I would rather  
convert them to Corel Draw, .CDR, or MS Power Point, .PPT, files.  
Microsoft would not give me the format. I was wondering if anybody out  
there knows the formats for these two applications.


From: aad@scr.siemens.com (Anthony A. Datri)
Subject: Re: Nice gif code

>There is a thing called xgif

xgif is the grandfather of XV.

-- 

======================================================================8--<

From: fischer@iesd.auc.dk (Lars Peter Fischer)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???


>>>>> "Archer" == Archer (Bad Cop) Surly (archer@elysium.esd.sgi.com)

Archer> How about "Interactive Sex with Madonna"?

or "Sexium" for short.

/Lars
--
Lars Fischer, fischer@iesd.auc.dk | It takes an uncommon mind to think of
CS Dept., Aalborg Univ., DENMARK. | these things.  -- Calvin

From: crash@ckctpa.UUCP (Frank "Crash" Edwards)
Subject: Re: forms for curses

Note the Followup-To: header ...

steelem@rintintin.Colorado.EDU (STEELE MARK A) writes:
>Is there a collection of forms routines that can be used with curses?
>If so where is it located?

On my SVR4 Amiga Unix box, I've got -lform, -lmenu, and -lpanel for
use with the curses library.  Guess what they provide? :-)

Unix Press, ie. Prentice-Hall, has a programmer's guide for these
tools, referred to as the FMLI (Forms Mgmt Language Interface) and
ETI (Extended Terminal Interface), now in it's 2nd edition.  It is
ISBN 0-13-020637-7.

Paraphrased from the outside back cover:

    FMLI is a high-level programming tool for creating menus, forms,
    and text frames.  ETI is a set of screen management library
    subroutines that promote fast development of application programs
    for window, panel, menu, and form manipulation.

The FMLI is a shell package which reads ascii text files and produces
screen displays for data entry and presentation.  It consists of a
"shell-like" environment of the "fmli" program and it's database
files.  It is section 1F in the Unix Press manual.

The ETI are subroutines, part of the 3X manual section, provide
support for a multi-window capability on an ordinary ascii terminal
with controls built on top of the curses library.

>Thanks
>-Mark Steele
>steelem@rintintin.colorado.edu

-- 
Frank "Crash" Edwards          Edwards & Edwards Consulting
Voice: 813/786-3675            crash%ckctpa@myrddin.sybus.com, but please
Data:  813/787-3675            don't ask UUNET to route it -- it's sloooow.
    There will be times in life when everyone you meet smiles and pats you on
    the back and tells you how great you are ... so hold on to your wallet.

From: millernw@craft.camp.clarkson.edu (Neal Miller)
Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....

merkelbd@sage.cc.purdue.edu (Brian Merkel) writes:

>In article <1993Apr11.132604.13400@ornl.gov> ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles) writes:
>>
>>I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
>>SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
>>jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
>>
>>I'm looking for some way to convert and/or view them in 24 bit.
>>
>>I have UNIVESA (uvesa31.zip) and the DVPEG viewer but I don't get anything.
>>Perhaps I am not setting up UNIVESA properly?  If anyone has ideas about this
>>please feel free to enlighten me...
>>
>>Just want to see the darn things in real color...

>Image Alchemy (aka alchemy) will view the TGA files that POV outputs
> and just about any other format you can think of. It will also convert
> between all these. It's shareware, so it's probably available by FTP
> somwhere out there in netland...

        Yep... Alchemy works fine on my Tseng400+DAC, but I think I remember
reading that it only displays in 15-bit or so.  Of course, that's still 32K
colors which is nothing to sneeze at.  Use the --v flag.


--
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Neal Miller         | "Why not go mad?"  | millernw@craft.camp.clarkson.edu
 Clarkson University |     - Ford Prefect |     dark@craft.camp.clarkson.edu
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell)
Subject: HOT NEW 3D Software

There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
3rd version....(1st) for the IBM.... it can do morphing, your standard key-framming animation, it is a raytracer (reflections & shadows), and can do/apply special FX to objects... (like ripple, explode, bounce) things of that nature.  Also it has algorithmic texture maps....and your standard brushmapping also...

you can have animated brushmaps...(ie. live video mapped on the objs)...
also animated backdrops (ie. live video backgrounds)
also animted reflections maps....

you get the idea.... it will run for about 500$ retail (I think)...

dont let the low price fool you.... this product can do it all when it
comes to 3D-animation and Renderering...!

also....does anyone here know how to get in the Imagine mailing list??
please e-mail me if you do or post up here....

oh...the number for IMPULSE is --->1 800 328 0184

trb3@ra.msstate.edu


From: mbc@po.CWRU.Edu (Michael B. Comet)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software


In a previous article, trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell) says:

>There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
>IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
>
	Well....I don't know about its competing with 3D studio, but
it's pretty powerful allright.

>
>also....does anyone here know how to get in the Imagine mailing list??
>please e-mail me if you do or post up here....
>

	Yes, send e-mail to:

	imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com

	With a header of something like subscribe.


	I actually work on the FAQ (frequently asked questions).  We
should have the new version out of it by next week, but if you want, I
could e-mail you the previous one.  It details what the list is etc...
as well as answering basic questions about Imagine.

	Hope this helps!


-- 
+======================================================================+
|  Michael B. Comet -   Software Engineer / Graphics Artist  - CWRU    |
|  mbc@po.CWRU.Edu  - "Silence those who oppose the freedom of speech" |
+======================================================================+

From: dutc0006@student.tc.umn.edu (David J Dutcher-1)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

In article <734553308snx@rjck.UUCP> rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko) writes:
>gchen@essex.ecn.uoknor.edu writes in article <C55DoH.2AI@constellation.ecn.uoknor.edu>:
>> 
>> Greetings!
>> 
>> Does anybody know if it is possible to set VGA graphics mode to 640x400
>> instead of 640x480?  Any info is appreciated!
>
>Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
>support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
>My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
>due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)
>
>--
>I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
>             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

	Ahh no.  Possibly you punched in the wrong numbers on your
calculator.  256 color modes take a byte per pixel so 640 time 480 is
307,200 which is 300k to be exact.  640x400x256 only takes 250k but I
don't think it is a BIOS mode.  I wouldn't bet that all VGA cards can do
that either.  If a VGA card has 512k I bet it can do both 640x400 and
640x480.  That by definition is SVGA, though not very high SVGA.

From: pvconway@cudnvr.denver.colorado.edu
Subject: TIN files & coutours


Hi!
	I am working on a project that needs to create contour lines
from random data points.  The work that I have done so far tells me that I
need to look into Triangulated Irregular Networks (TIN), the Delauney
criiterion, and the Krige method.  Does anyone have any suggestions for
references, programs and hopefully source code for creating contours.  Any
help with this or any surface modeling would be greatly appreciated.
I can be reached at the addresses below:


			-- Paul Conway

PVCONWAY@COPPER.DENVER.COLORADO.EDU
PVCONWAY@CUDNVR.DENVER.COLORADO.EDU

From: mccool@dgp.toronto.edu (Michael McCool)
Subject: Apr 20 Toronto Siggraph Event


Toronto Siggraph 
================

What: ``Chance's Art'': 2D Graphics and Animation on the Indigo.

By:    Ken Evans, Imagicians Artware, Inc. 

When:  Tuesday 20 April 1993 7:00pm-9:00pm 

Where: The McLuhan Centre for Culture and Technology
       University of Toronto
       39A Queen's Park Crescent
       Toronto

Who:   Members and non-members alike 
       (non-members encouraged to become members...)

Abstract:

Imagicians Artware, Inc. is entering into early beta site testing on Silicon 
Graphics workstations of a new 2D abstract artwork and animation package called 
Chance's Art.  The package will be described and demonstrated, and some of the 
technical issues will be discussed.  Marketing plans will be outlined.  The 
talk will also present some of the technical and business problems increasingly 
confronting small startup software companies today, and some of the 
opportunities this situation presents.

Time after the event will be allocated for hands-on demonstrations to 
interested parties.  Silicon Graphics is graciously providing an Indigo for 
this event.  Myck Kupka will also be demonstrating his computerized interactive 
reflective stereoscope, which is installed upstairs in the McLuhan Centre, so 
feel free to drop by for a demonstration before or after the event. BTW, be 
sure to sing "Happy Birthday, Myck"...

The names of nominees for our Siggraph executive offices will be announced at 
this meeting.  Nominations will still be open until the election at our 
May 18th event; call Myck Kupka at 465-0943 or fax to 465-0729.  

Directions: The McLuhan Coachhouse is on the east side of Queen's Park 
Crescent, just NORTH of Wellesley, SOUTH of St. Joseph St., BEHIND (EAST of) 
39 Queen's Park Crescent, which is the centre for Mediaeval Studies.  

For information on Toronto Siggraph membership, contact Michael McCool via:
	Internet: mccool@dgp.utoronto.ca; 
	Voice: 652-8072/978-6619/978-6027; 
	Fax: 653-1654


From: Dave Watson <watson@maths.uwa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:

>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 

The Delaunay triangulation is the geometrical dual of the 
Voronoi tessellation and both constructions are derived from
natural neighbor order.

Aurenhammer, F., 1991, Voronoi Diagrams - A Survey of a 
Fundamental Geometric Data Structure:
ACM Computing Surveys, 23(3), p. 345-405. 

Okabe, A., Boots, B., and Sugihara, K., 1992, Spatial 
tessellations : concepts and applications of Voronoi diagrams: 
Wiley & Sons, New York, ISBN 0 471 93430 5, 532p.

Watson, D.F., 1981, Computing the n-dimensional Delaunay 
tessellation with application to Voronoi polytopes: 
The Computer J., 24(2), p. 167-172.}

Watson, D.F., 1985, Natural neighbour sorting: The Australian 
Computer J., 17(4), p. 189-193. 

--
Dave Watson                          Internet: watson@maths.uwa.edu.au
Department of Mathematics            
The University of Western Australia               Tel: (61 9) 380 3359
Nedlands, WA 6009  Australia.                     FAX: (61 9) 380 1028

From: hrs1@cbnewsi.cb.att.com (herman.r.silbiger)
Subject: ANSI/AIIM MS-53 Standard Image File Format


wing the suggestion of Stu Lynne, I have posted the Image File Format executable and source code to alt.sources.

Herman Silbiger
.


From: ccraig@nmt.edu (Catherine Craig)
Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....

In article <1993Apr11.132604.13400@ornl.gov> ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles) writes:
>
>I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
>SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
>jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
>
>I'm looking for some way to convert and/or view them in 24 bit.
>
>
>Just want to see the darn things in real color...
>
>Thanks,
>
>Jim Nobles
>

The best program I've seen for viewing such files is VPIC.  You'll want version 5.9 or later.  (6.0x is current.)  It allows you to view in 15 and 24 bit modes.  It really is QUITE nice.

Now, for a return question:  Do you run Windows?  If so, what are the dates on your drivers?  The newest ones *I* can find are from around 4-??-92!!  My problem is they conflict with Star Trek: After Dark, and other things as well.  I'm willing to bet that it's the drivers, and NOT the programs.  Anyone out there have info on newer SS24 (NOT X) drivers for windows or OS/2?

Thanks,
	Justin


From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: looking for circle algorithm faster than Bresenhams

In article <1993Apr13.025240.8884@nwnexus.WA.COM>, mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon) writes:
> I have an algorithm similar to Bresenhams line drawing algorithm, that
> draws a line by stepping along the minor axis and drawing slices like
> AAAA, BBBB, CCCC in the following diagram.
> 
>      AAAA
>          BBBB
>              CCCC
> 

	Yes, that's known as "Bresenhams Run Length Slice Algorithm for
Incremental lines". See Fundamental Algorithms for Computer Graphics,
Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 1985.

> I have tried to extrapolate this to circles but I can't figure out
> how to determine the length of the slices. Any ideas?

	Hmm. I don't think I can help you with this, but you might
take a look at the following:

	"Double-Step Incremental Generation of Lines and Circles",
X. Wu and J. G. Rokne, Computer Graphics and Image processing,
Vol 37, No. 4, Mar. 1987, pp. 331-334

	"Double-Step Generation of Ellipses", X. Wu and J. G. Rokne,
IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, May 1989, pp. 56-69

	Graeme Gill.

Subject: E-mail of Michael Abrash?
From: gmontem@eis.calstate.edu (George A. Montemayor)


From: g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)
Subject: Fonts in POV??



	I have seen several ray-traced scenes (from MTV or was it 
RayShade??) with stroked fonts appearing as objects in the image.
The fonts/chars had color, depth and even textures associated with
them.  Now I was wondering, is it possible to do the same in POV??


Thanks,

Noel

From: lm001@rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE (Erwin H. Keeve)
Subject: Polygon Reduction for Marching Cubes


Dear Reader,


I'am searching for an implementation of a polygon reduction algorithm
for marching cubes surfaces. I think the best one is the reduction algorithm
from Schroeder et al., SIGGRAPH '92. So, is there any implementation of this 
algorithm, it would be very nice if you could leave it to me.

Also I'am looking for a fast !!! connectivity
test for marching cubes surfaces.

Any help or hints will be very useful.
Thanks a lot


                                                 ,,,
                                                (o o)
 ___________________________________________oOO__(-)__OOo_____________
|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|_|
|_|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|
|                               |                                     |
| Erwin Keeve                   | adress:  Peter-Welter-Platz 2       |
|                               |          W-5000 Cologne 1, Germany  |
|                               |                                     |
| Dept. of Computergraphics &   | phone:   +49-221-20189-132 (-192)   |
|          Computeranimation    | FAX:     +49-221-20189-17           |
|                               |                                     |
| Academy of Media Arts Cologne | Email:   keeve@khm.uni-koeln.de     |
|_______________________________|_____________________________________|







From: stefan@lis.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de (Stefan Eckart)
Subject: dmpeg10.zip info: Another DOS MPEG decoder/player posted


I have posted a DOS MPEG decoder/player to alt.binaries.pictures.utilities.

Here is a short description and some technical information, taken from the
accompanying documentation:


                              DMPEG V1.0

                       Public Domain MPEG decoder

                           by Stefan Eckart


0. Features
===========

DMPEG/DMPLAY is another MPEG decoder/player for the PC:


 - decodes (nearly) the full MPEG video standard
   (I,P,B frames, frame size up to at least 352x240 supported)

 - saves decoded sequence in 8 or 24bit raw file for later display

 - optional on-screen display during decoding (requires VGA)

 - several dithering options: ordered dither, Floyd-Steinberg, grayscale

 - color-space selection

 - runs under DOS, 640KB RAM, no MS-Windows required

 - very compact (small code / small data models, 16 bit arithmetic)

 - real time display of the raw file by a separate player for
   VGA and many Super-VGAs

...

4. Technical information
========================

The player is a rather straightforward implementation of the MPEG spec [1].
The IDCT is based on the Chen-Wang 13 multiplication algorithm [2]
(not quite the optimum, I know). Blocks with not more than eight non-zero
coefficients use a non-separated direct multiply-accumulate 2D-IDCT
(sounds great, doesn't it?), which turned out to be faster than a 'fast'
algorithm in this (quite common) case. Dithering is pretty standard. Main
difference to the Berkeley decoder (except for the fewer number of supported
algorithms) is the use of 256 instead of 128 colors, the (default) option to
use a restricted color-space and the implementation of a color saturation
dominant ordered dither. This leads to a significantly superior quality of
the dithered image (I claim, judge yourself).

Restricted color-space means that the U and V components are clipped to
+/-0.25 (instead of +/-0.5) and the display color-space points are distributed
over this restricted space. Since the distance between color-space points
is thus reduced by a factor of two, the color resolution is doubled at the
expense of not being able to represent fully saturated colors.

Saturation dominant ordered dither is a method by which a color, lying
somewhere between the points of the display color space, is approximated
by primarily alternating between two points of constant hue instead of
constant saturation. This yields subjectivly better quality due to the
lower sensitivity of the human viewing system to saturation changes than
to hue changes (the same reasoning as used by the PAL TV standard to improve
on NTSC). The improvement is particularly visible in dark brown or redish
areas.

...

--
Stefan Eckart, stefan@lis.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de

From: scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe)
Subject: Point within a polygon

I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
information on the subject ?

		Regards

			Simon

From: john@goshawk.mcc.ac.uk (John Heaton)
Subject: POV reboots PC after memory upgrade

Up until last week, I have been running POVray v1.0 on my 486/33 under DOS5
without any major problems.  Over Easter I increased the memory from 4Meg to
8Meg, and found that POVray reboots the system every time under DOS5.  I had
a go at running POVray in a DOS window when running Win3.1 on the same system
and it now works fine, even if a lot slower.  I would like to go back to 
using POVray directly under DOS, anyone any ideas???

John
-- 
                 John Heaton   -   NRS Central Administrator
      MCC Network Unit, The University, Oxford Road, Manchester,  M13-9PL
            Phone: (+44) 61 275 6011   -   FAX: (+44) 61 275 6040
                   Packet: G1YYH @ G1YYH.GB7PWY.#16.GBR.EU

From: af774@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Chad Cipiti)
Subject: Good shareware paint and/or animation software for SGI?


Does anyone know of any good shareware animation or paint software for an SGI
 machine?  I've exhausted everyplace on the net I can find and still don't hava
 a nice piece of software.

Thanks alot!

Chad


-- 
Knock, knock.                                         Chad Cipiti
Who's there?                                    af774@cleveland.freenet.edu
                                               cipiti@bobcat.ent.ohiou.edu
It might be Heisenberg.                          chad@voxel.zool.ohiou.edu

From: hendrix@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Dane Hendrix)
Subject: Processing of stereo images

I'm interested in find out what is involved in processing pairs of 
stereo photographs.  I have black-and-white photos and would like 
to obtain surface contours.

I'd prefer to do the processing on an SGI, but would be interested
in hearing what software/hardware is used for this type of
image processing.

Please email and/or post to comp.sys.sgi.graphics your responses.

Thanks,

Dane Hendrix                              | email: dane@wizard.dt.navy.mil 
DTMB (a.k.a. Headquarters, Carderock Div.,|  or hendrix@oasys.dt.navy.mil
Naval Surface Warfare Center)             |  or hendrix@nas.nasa.gov 
Code 1542, Bethesda, MD 20084-5000        | phone: (301)227-1340

From: jgreen@amber (Joe Green)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP) wrote:
> abraxis@iastate.edu writes in article <abraxis.734340159@class1.iastate.edu>:
> > Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?
> As far as the low-level stuff goes, it looks pretty nice.  It's got this
> quadrilateral fill command that requires just the four points.

Do you have Weitek's address/phone number?  I'd like to get some information
about this chip.

--
Joe Green				Harris Corporation
jgreen@csd.harris.com			Computer Systems Division
"The only thing that really scares me is a person with no sense of humor."
						-- Jonathan Winters

From: kreyling@lds.loral.com (Ed Kreyling 6966)
Subject: Sun-os and 8bit ASCII graphics

I would like to know if anyone has had any luck using the upper 128 ASCII
characters on a Sun station.  I am trying to convert a fortran program to run
on a Sun.  When we write character buffers to the Sun which contain char(218)
or char(196) or char(197) etc.  We get characters on the screen but they are
not the characters in the standard ASCII tables.

Any ideas or help will be appreciated.

From: clipper@mccarthy.csd.uwo.ca (Khun Yee Fung)
Subject: Re: looking for circle algorithm faster than Bresenhams

>>>>> On Wed, 14 Apr 1993 04:49:46 GMT, graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill) said:

Graeme> 	Yes, that's known as "Bresenhams Run Length Slice Algorithm for
Graeme> Incremental lines". See Fundamental Algorithms for Computer Graphics,
Graeme> Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 1985.

> I have tried to extrapolate this to circles but I can't figure out
> how to determine the length of the slices. Any ideas?

Graeme> 	Hmm. I don't think I can help you with this, but you might
Graeme> take a look at the following:

Graeme> 	"Double-Step Incremental Generation of Lines and Circles",
Graeme> X. Wu and J. G. Rokne, Computer Graphics and Image processing,
Graeme> Vol 37, No. 4, Mar. 1987, pp. 331-334

Graeme> 	"Double-Step Generation of Ellipses", X. Wu and J. G. Rokne,
Graeme> IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, May 1989, pp. 56-69

Another paper you might want to consider is:

@article{fungdraw,
  title="A Run-Length Slice Line Drawing Algorithm without Division Operations",
  author="Khun Yee Fung and Tina M. Nicholl and A. K. Dewdney",
  journal="Computer Graphics Forum",
  year=1992,
  volume=11,
  number=3,
  pages="C-267--C-277"
}

Khun Yee
--
Khun Yee Fung    clipper@csd.uwo.ca
Department of Computer Science
Middlesex College
University of Western Ontario
London, Ontario
Canada N6A 5B7
Tel: (519) 661-6889
Fax: (519) 661-3515

From: msc_wdqn@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu (Daniel Q Naiman)
Subject: Geometry package

I am looking for a package which takes as inputs a set
of geometric objects defined by unions of convex polytopes
specified in some manner, say by inequalities and equalities,
and determines in some reasonable form things like
intersections, unions, etc. etc..

Does anyone know where I can find such a thing?

Dan Naiman
Department of Mathematical Sciences
Johns Hopkins University

From: spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk> scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:
>I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
>polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
>information on the subject ?

See the article "An Efficient Ray-Polygon Intersection," p. 390 in
Graphics Gems (ISBN 0-12-286165-5).  The second step, intersecting the
polygon, does what you want.  There is sample code in the book.

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"They are not Bolsheviks,
        just bullshitviks."  - Yevgeny Yevtechenko, "Again a meeting..."

From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: Re: Distance between two Bezier curves

pes@hutcs.cs.hut.fi (Pekka Siltanen) writes:

> Suppose two cubic Bezier curves (control points V1,..,V4 and W1,..,W4)
> which have equal first and last control points (V1 = W1, V4 = W4). How do I 
> get upper bound for distance between these curves. 

Which distance? The distance between one point (t = ti) on the first curve
and a point on the other curve with same parameter (u = ti)?

> 
> Any references appreciated. Thanks in anvance.
> 
> Pekka Siltanen


From: jonas-y@isy.liu.se (Jonas Yngvesson)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:

>I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
>polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
>information on the subject ?

Well, it's been a while since this was discussed so i take the liberty of
reprinting (without permission, so sue me) Eric Haines reprint of the very
interesting discussion of this topic...

                /Jonas

                         O /         \ O
------------------------- X snip snip X ------------------------------
                         O \         / O

"Give a man a fish, and he'll eat one day.
Give a man a fishing rod, and he'll laze around fishing and never do anything."

With that in mind, I reprint (without permission, so sue me) relevant
information posted some years ago on this very problem.  Note the early use of
PostScript technology, predating many of this year's papers listed in the
April 1st SIGGRAPH Program Announcement posted here a few days ago.

-- Eric


Intersection Between a Line and a Polygon (UNDECIDABLE??),
	by Dave Baraff, Tom Duff

	From: deb@charisma.graphics.cornell.edu
	Newsgroups: comp.graphics
	Keywords: P, NP, Jordan curve separation, Ursyhon Metrization Theorem
	Organization: Program of Computer Graphics

In article [...] ncsmith@ndsuvax.UUCP (Timothy Lyle Smith) writes:
>
>  I need to find a formula/algorithm to determine if a line intersects
>  a polygon.  I would prefer a method that would do this in as little
>  time as possible.  I need this for use in a forward raytracing
>  program.

I think that this is a very difficult problem.  To start with, lines and
polygons are semi-algebraic sets which both contain uncountable number of
points.  Here are a few off-the-cuff ideas.

First, we need to check if the line and the polygon are separated.  Now, the
Jordan curve separation theorem says that the polygon divides the plane into
exactly two open (and thus non-compact) regions.  Thus, the line lies
completely inside the polygon, the line lies completely outside the polygon,
or possibly (but this will rarely happen) the line intersects the polyon.

Now, the phrasing of this question says "if a line intersects a polygon", so
this is a decision problem.  One possibility (the decision model approach) is
to reduce the question to some other (well known) problem Q, and then try to
solve Q.  An answer to Q gives an answer to the original decision problem.

In recent years, many geometric problems have been successfully modeled in a
new language called PostScript.  (See "PostScript Language", by Adobe Systems
Incorporated, ISBN # 0-201-10179-3, co. 1985).

So, given a line L and a polygon P, we can write a PostScript program that
draws the line L and the polygon P, and then "outputs" the answer.  By
"output", we mean the program executes a command called "showpage", which
actually prints a page of paper containing the line and the polygon.  A quick
examination of the paper provides an answer to the reduced problem Q, and thus
the original problem.

There are two small problems with this approach. 

	(1) There is an infinite number of ways to encode L and P into the
	reduced problem Q.  So, we will be forced to invoke the Axiom of
	Choice (or equivalently, Zorn's Lemma).  But the use of the Axiom of
	Choice is not regarded in a very serious light these days.

	(2) More importantly, the question arises as to whether or not the
	PostScript program Q will actually output a piece of paper; or in
	other words, will it halt?

	Now, PostScript is expressive enough to encode everything that a
	Turing Machine might do; thus the halting problem (for PostScript) is
	undecidable.  It is quite possible that the original problem will turn
	out to be undecidable.


I won't even begin to go into other difficulties, such as aliasing, finite
precision and running out of ink, paper or both.

A couple of references might be:

1. Principia Mathematica.  Newton, I.  Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
   England.  (Sorry, I don't have an ISBN# for this).

2. An Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation.  Hopcroft, J
   and Ulman, J.

3. The C Programming Language. Kernighan, B and Ritchie, D.

4. A Tale of Two Cities. Dickens, C.

--------

From: td@alice.UUCP (Tom Duff)
Summary: Overkill.
Organization: AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill NJ

The situation is not nearly as bleak as Baraff suggests (he should know
better, he's hung around The Labs for long enough).  By the well known
Dobbin-Dullman reduction (see J. Dullman & D. Dobbin, J. Comp. Obfusc.
37,ii:  pp. 33-947, lemma 17(a)) line-polygon intersection can be reduced to
Hamiltonian Circuit, without(!) the use of Grobner bases, so LPI (to coin an
acronym) is probably only NP-complete.  Besides, Turing-completeness will no
longer be a problem once our Cray-3 is delivered, since it will be able to
complete an infinite loop in 4 milliseconds (with scatter-gather.)

--------

From: deb@svax.cs.cornell.edu (David Baraff)

Well, sure its no worse than NP-complete, but that's ONLY if you restrict
yourself to the case where the line satisfies a Lipschitz condition on its
second derivative.  (I think there's an '89 SIGGRAPH paper from Caltech that
deals with this).

--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 J o n a s   Y n g v e s s o n          email: jonas-y@isy.liu.se
Dept. of Electrical Engineering	        voice:  +46-(0)13-282162          
University of Linkoping, Sweden         fax  :  +46-(0)13-139282

From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon


In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk>, scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:
|> I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
|> polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
|> information on the subject ?
|> 
|> 		Regards
|> 
|> 			Simon

Basically, there are two algorithms determining whether a point is inside,
outside or on the polygon. The first one is Ray (or half line) method. In
this method, you can draw any ray, if the number of the intersection point
of the ray and the polygon is even, then it is outside. If the number is odd,
then it is inside. Of cause, you have to deal with the special cases which
may make you headache.

The second method is PI algorithm. Draw the lines between the point and
all the vertices on the polygon. Calculate and sum the angles of the
successive lines. If the result is 2*PI, then it is inside. If PI, then
it is on the polygon. Otherwise it is outside.

My experience tells the second method is relible.

Hope this helps.

Yeh
USC

From: channui@austin.ibm.com (Christopher Chan-Nui)
Subject: Re: Two pointing devices in one COM-port?

Bob Davis (sonny@trantor.harris-atd.com) wrote:
: In article <C4tKGM.1v6@unix.portal.com>, wil@shell.portal.com (Ville V Walveranta) writes:
: |> 
: |>         Is there any way to connect two pointing devices to one serial
: |>         port? I haven't tried this but I believe they would interfere
: |>         with each other (?) even if only one at a time would be used.

: 	Just get an A-B switch for RS232. Look in Computer Shopper.
: They are available fairly cheap. They allow switching between two
: serial devices on a single port.

Unfortunately the poster wants to use an internal and an external modem so a
switch isn't going to help them.  If you aren't using your com ports for
anything else, just define them on different com ports.  Define your internal
modem to be say, com1, and your external modem to be com3.  You really
shouldn't have to worry about interrupt conflicts since you won't be using
both modems at the same time :).

---
Christopher Chan-Nui    | Investment in reliability will increase until it
channui@austin.ibm.com  | exceeds the probable cost of errors, or until someone
#include <disclaimer.h> | insists on getting some useful work done.

From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In article <7208@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
> They talked about another routine that could yield up to 150 to 1
> compress with no image loss that *I* could notice.  The draw back is that it
> takes a hell of a long time to compress something.  I'll have to see if I can
> find the book so that I can give more exact numbers.  TTYL.

That's a typical claim, though they say they've improved
compression speed considerably.  Did you find out anything else
about the book?  I'd be interested in looking at it if you could give me
any pointers.

Reportedly, early fractal compression times of 24-100 hours used
that marvelous piece of hardware called "grad students" to do the
work.  Supposedly it's been automated since about 1988, but I'm still
waiting to be impressed.

Allen B (Sign me "Cynical")

From: clump@acaps.cs.mcgill.ca (Clark VERBRUGGE)
Subject: Re: BGI Drivers for SVGA

Dominic Lai (cs_cylai@cs.ust.hk) wrote:
: Simon Crowe (scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk) wrote:
: 8~> I require BGI drivers for Super VGA Displays and Super XVGA Displays. Does 
: 8~> anyone know where I could obtain the relevant drivers ? (FTP sites ??)

: 	I would like to know too!

: Regards,
: Dominic

garbo.uwasa.fi (or one of its many mirrors) has a file
called "svgabg40" in the programming subdirectory.
These are svga bgi drivers for a variety of cards.

[from the README]:
"Card types supported: (SuperVGA drivers)
  Ahead, ATI, Chips & Tech, Everex, Genoa, Paradise, Oak, Trident (both 8800 
  and 8900, 9000), Tseng (both 3000 and 4000 chipsets) and Video7.
  These drivers will also work on video cards with VESA capability.
  The tweaked drivers will work on any register-compatible VGA card."

enjoy,
Clark Verbrugge
clump@cs.mcgill.ca

--

 HONK HONK BLAT WAK WAK WAK WAK WAK UNGOW!


From: cptully@med.unc.edu (Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article 8HC@mentor.cc.purdue.edu, ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
>In article <1993Apr10.160929.696@galki.toppoint.de> ulrich@galki.toppoint.de  
>writes:
>> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
>> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
>> significance".
>> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy,
>> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?
>
>I'm sure it is, and I am not amused.  Every time I read that part of the
>TIFF spec, it infuriates me- and I'm none too happy about the
>complexity of the spec anyway- because I think their "arbitrary but
>carefully chosen number" is neither.  Additionally, I find their
>choice of 4 bytes to begin a file with meaningless of themselves- why
>not just use the letters "TIFF"?
>
>(And no, I don't think they should have bothered to support both word
>orders either- and I've found that many TIFF readers actually
>don't.)
>
>ab

Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
help define or critique the spec.

Finally, a little numerology:  42 is 24 backwards, and TIFF is a 24 bit
image format...

Chris
---
*********************************************************************
Christopher P. Tully				cptully@med.unc.edu
Univ. of North Carolina - Chapel Hill
CB# 7525					(919) 966-2699
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
*********************************************************************
I get paid for my opinions, but that doesn't mean that UNC or anybody
                     else agrees with them.


From: emm@tamarack202.cray.com (Mike McConnell)
Subject: Interleaf to CGM


Has anyone successfully converted Interleaf graphics to CGM, or even heard
of it being done????


We'd love to hear about it.

-Mike McConnell

emm@cray.com




From: mogal@deadhead.asd.sgi.com (Joshua Mogal)
Subject: Re: Hollywood Hits, Virtual Reality

Sorry I missed you Raymond, I was just out in Dahlgren last month...

I'm the Virtual Reality market manager for Silicon Graphics, so perhaps I
can help a little.

In article <1993Mar17.185725.13487@relay.nswc.navy.mil>,
rchui@nswc-wo.nswc.navy.mil (Raymond Chui) writes:
|> Hello, the real reality. Our agency started to express interest in
|> virtual reality(VR).  So far, we do not know much about VR.  All we
|> know about are the Hollywood movies "The Terminater 2" and "Lawnmover
|> Man".  We also know something about VR from ABC news magazine and
|> Computer Graphics World magazine.


Unfortunately, while SGI systems were used to create the special effects
for both Terminator 2 and Lawnmower Man, those are film-quality computer
graphics, rendered in software and written to film a frame at a time.  Each
frame of computer animation for those films took hours to render on
high-end parallel processing computer systems. Thus, that level of graphics
would be difficult, if not impossible, to acheive in real time (30 frames
per second).


|> 
|> We certainly want to know more about VR.  Who are the leading
|> companies,
|> agencies, universities?  What machines support VR (i.e. SGI, Sun4,
|> HP-9000, BIM-6000, etc.)?


It depends upon how serious you are and how advanced your application is.
True immersive visualization (VR), requires the rendering of complex visual
databases at anywhere from 20 to 60 newly rendered frames per second.  This
is a similar requirement to that of traditional flight simulators for pilot
training. If the frame rate is too low, the user notices the stepping of
the frames as they move their head rapidly around the scene, so the motion
of the graphics is not smooth and contiguous.  Thus the graphics system
must be powerful enough to sustain high frame rates while rendering complex
data representations.

Additionally, the frame rate must be constant.  If the system renders 15
frames per second at one point, then 60 frames per second the next (perhaps
due to the scene in the new viewing direction being simpler than what was
visible before), the user can get heavily distracted by the medium (the
graphics computer) rather than focusing on the data. To maintain a constant
frame rate, the system must be able to run in real-time.  UNIX in general
does not support real-time operation, but Silicon Graphics has modified the
UNIX kernel for its multi-processor systems to be able to support real-time
operation, bypassing the usual UNIX process priority-management schemes. 
Uniprocessor systems running UNIX cannot fundamentally support real-time
operation (not Sun SPARC10, not HP 700 Series systems, not IBM RS-6000, not
even SGI's uniprocessor systems like Indigo or Crimson). Only our
multiprocessor Onyx and Challenge systems support real-time operation due
to their Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP) shared-memory architecture.

From a graphics perspective, rendering complex virtual environments
requires advanced rendering techniques like texture mapping and real-time
multi-sample anti-aliasing.  Of all of the general purpose graphics systems
on the market today, only Crimson RealityEngine and Onyx RealityEngine2
systems fully support these capabilities. The anti-aliasing is particularly
important, as the crawling jagged edges of aliased polygons is an
unfortunate distraction when immersed in a virtual environment.


|>  What kind of graphics languages are used with VR
|> (GL, opengl, Phigs, PEX, GKS, etc.)?

You can use the general purpose graphics libraries listed above to develop
VR applications, but that is starting at a pretty low level. There are
off-the- shelf software packages available to get you going much faster,
being targeted directly at the VR application developer. Some of the most
popular are (in no particular order):

	- Division Inc.		    (Redwood City, CA) - dVS
	- Sens8 Inc.		    (Sausalito, CA)    - WorldToolKit
	- Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, CA)     - NPSnet (FREE!)
	- Gemini Technology Corp    (Irvine, CA)       - GVS Simation Series
	- Paradigm Simulation Inc.  (Dallas, TX)       - VisionWorks, AudioWorks
	- Silicon Graphics Inc.	    (Mountain View,CA) - IRIS Performer

There are some others, but not off the top of my head...

	
|> What companies are making
|> interface devices for VR (goggles or BOOM (Binocular Omni-Orientational
|> Monitor), hamlets, gloves, arms, etc.)?

There are too many to list here, but here is a smattering:

	- Fake Space Labs	    (Menlo Park,CA)    - BOOM
	- Virtual Technologies Inc. (Stanford, CA)     - CyberGlove
	- Digital Image Design	    (New York, NY)     - The Cricket (3D input)
	- Kaiser Electro Optics	    (Carlsbad, CA)     - Sim Eye Helmet Displays
	- Virtual Research	    (Sunnyvale, CA)    - Flight Helmet display
	- Virtual Reality Inc.	    (Pleasantville,NY) - Head Mtd Displays, s/w
	- Software Systems	    (San Jose, CA)     - 3D Modeling software
	- etc., etc., etc.


|> What are those company's
|> addresses and phone numbers?  Where we can get a list name of VR
|> experts
|> and their phone numbers and Email addresses?


Read some of the VR books on the market:

	- Virtual Reality - Ken Pimental and Ken Texiera (sp?)
	- Virtual Mirage
	- Artificial Reality - Myron Kreuger
	- etc.

Or check out the newsgroup sci.virtual_worlds

Feel free to contact me for more info.

Regards,

Josh

-- 


**************************************************************************
**				     **					**
**	Joshua Mogal		     **	Product Manager			**
**	Advanced Graphics Division   **	  Advanced Graphics Systems	**
**	Silicon Graphics Inc.	     **	Market Manager			**
**	2011 North Shoreline Blvd.   **	  Virtual Reality		**
**	Mountain View, CA 94039-7311 **	  Interactive Entertainment	**
**	M/S 9L-580		     **					**
**				     *************************************
**	Tel:	(415) 390-1460						**
**	Fax:	(415) 964-8671						**
**	E-mail:	mogal@sgi.com						**
**									**
**************************************************************************

From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

In article <jonas-y.734802983@gouraud> jonas-y@isy.liu.se (Jonas Yngvesson)  
writes:
> Intersection Between a Line and a Polygon (UNDECIDABLE??),
> 	by Dave Baraff, Tom Duff
> 
> 	From: deb@charisma.graphics.cornell.edu
> In recent years, many geometric problems have been successfully modeled in a
> new language called PostScript.  (See "PostScript Language", by Adobe Systems
> Incorporated, ISBN # 0-201-10179-3, co. 1985).
> 
> So, given a line L and a polygon P, we can write a PostScript program that
> draws the line L and the polygon P, and then "outputs" the answer.  By
> "output", we mean the program executes a command called "showpage", which
> actually prints a page of paper containing the line and the polygon.  A quick
> examination of the paper provides an answer to the reduced problem Q, and  
thus
> the original problem.

Curiously, in modern PostScript, the point in a polygon problem can
be solved even more easily.  To wit:

%!
%%Title: Point in Polygon
%%Creator: Allen B (ab@cc.purdue.edu)
%%For: the amusement of comp.graphics regulars
%%LanguageLevel: 2
%%DocumentNeededResource: humor sense thereof
%%EndComments

% This program will test whether a point is inside a given polygon.
% Currently it uses the even-odd rule, but that can be changed by
% replacing ineofill with infill.  These are Level 2 operators,
% so if you've only got Level 1 you're out of luck.
%
% The result will be printed on the output stream.
%
% Caution: only accurate to device pixels!
% Put a huge scale in first if you aren't sure.

% Point to test
% PUT X AND Y COORDINATES HERE

50 75

% Vertices of polygon in counter-clockwise order
% PUT ARRAY OF PAIRS OF COORDINATES HERE
[
[   0   0 ]
[ 100   0 ]
[ 100 100 ]
[  67 100 ]
[  67  50 ]
[  33  50 ]
[  33 100 ]
[   0 100 ]
]

dup 0 get aload pop moveto dup length 1 dup 3 1 roll
sub getinterval { aload pop lineto } forall closepath
ineofill { (Yes!) } { (No!) } ifelse =

From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Hi everyone,

I thought that some people may be interested in my VR
software on these groups:

*******Announcing the release of Multiverse-1.0.2*******

Multiverse is a multi-user, non-immersive, X-Windows based Virtual Reality
system, primarily focused on entertainment/research.

Features:

   Client-Server based model, using Berkeley Sockets.
   No limit to the number of users (apart from performance).
   Generic clients.
   Customizable servers.
   Hierachical Objects (allowing attachment of cameras and light sources).
   Multiple light sources (ambient, point and spot).
   Objects can have extension code, to handle unique functionality, easily
        attached.

Functionality:

  Client:
   The client is built around a 'fast' render loop. Basically it changes things
   when told to by the server and then renders an image from the user's
   viewpoint. It also provides the server with information about the user's
   actions - which can then be communicated to other clients and therefore to
   other users.

   The client is designed to be generic - in other words you don't need to
   develop a new client when you want to enter a new world. This means that
   resources can be spent on enhancing the client software rather than adapting
   it. The adaptations, as will be explained in a moment, occur in the servers.

   This release of the client software supports the following functionality:

    o Hierarchical Objects (with associated addressing)

    o Multiple Light Sources and Types (Ambient, Point and Spot)

    o User Interface Panels

    o Colour Polygonal Rendering with Phong Shading (optional wireframe for
	faster frame rates)

    o Mouse and Keyboard Input

   (Some people may be disappointed that this software doesn't support the
   PowerGlove as an input device - this is not because it can't, but because
   I don't have one! This will, however, be one of the first enhancements!)

  Server(s):
   This is where customization can take place. The following basic support is
   provided in this release for potential world server developers:

    o Transparent Client Management

    o Client Message Handling

   This may not sound like much, but it takes away the headache of
accepting and
   terminating clients and receiving messages from them - the
application writer
   can work with the assumption that things are happening locally.

   Things get more interesting in the object extension functionality. This is
   what is provided to allow you to animate your objects:

    o Server Selectable Extension Installation:
        What this means is that you can decide which objects have extended
        functionality in your world. Basically you call the extension
        initialisers you want.

    o Event Handler Registration:
        When you develop extensions for an object you basically write callback
        functions for the events that you want the object to respond to.
        (Current events supported: INIT, MOVE, CHANGE, COLLIDE & TERMINATE)

    o Collision Detection Registration:
        If you want your object to respond to collision events just provide
        some basic information to the collision detection management software.
        Your callback will be activated when a collision occurs.

    This software is kept separate from the worldServer applications because
    the application developer wants to build a library of extended objects
    from which to choose.

    The following is all you need to make a World Server application:

    o Provide an initWorld function:
        This is where you choose what object extensions will be supported, plus
        any initialization you want to do.

    o Provide a positionObject function:
        This is where you determine where to place a new client.

    o Provide an installWorldObjects function:
        This is where you load the world (.wld) file for a new client.

    o Provide a getWorldType function:
        This is where you tell a new client what persona they should have.

    o Provide an animateWorld function:
        This is where you can go wild! At a minimum you should let the objects
        move (by calling a move function) and let the server sleep for a bit
        (to avoid outrunning the clients).

    That's all there is to it! And to prove it here are the line counts for the
    three world servers I've provided:

        generic - 81 lines
        dactyl - 270 lines (more complicated collision detection due to the
                           stairs! Will probably be improved with future
                           versions)
        dogfight - 72 lines

Location:

   This software is located at the following site:
   ftp.u.washington.edu

   Directory:
   pub/virtual-worlds

   File:
   multiverse-1.0.2.tar.Z

Futures:

   Client:

    o Texture mapping.

    o More realistic rendering: i.e. Z-Buffering (or similar), Gouraud shading

    o HMD support.

    o Etc, etc....

   Server:

    o Physical Modelling (gravity, friction etc).

    o Enhanced Object Management/Interaction

    o Etc, etc....

   Both:

    o Improved Comms!!!

I hope this provides people with a good understanding of the Multiverse
software,
unfortunately it comes with practically zero documentation, and I'm not sure
whether that will ever be able to be rectified! :-(

I hope people enjoy this software and that it is useful in our explorations of
the Virtual Universe - I've certainly found fascinating developing it, and I
would *LOVE* to add support for the PowerGlove...and an HMD :-)!!

Finally one major disclaimer:

This is totally amateur code. By that I mean there is no support for this code
other than what I, out the kindness of my heart, or you, out of pure
desperation, provide. I cannot be held responsible for anything good or bad
that may happen through the use of this code - USE IT AT YOUR OWN RISK!

Disclaimer over!

Of course if you love it, I would like to here from you. And anyone with
POSITIVE contributions/criticisms is also encouraged to contact me. Anyone who
hates it: > /dev/null!

************************************************************************
*********
And if anyone wants to let me do this for a living: you know where to
write :-)!
************************************************************************
*********

Thanks,

Robert.

robert@acsc.com
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Update on location!!

Directory should be:
public/virtual-worlds!!
^^^^^^

Sorry! :-)

Robert.
robert@acsc.com


From: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle)
Subject: PCX


Hello
	HELP!!! please
		I am a student of turbo c++ and graphics programming
	and I am having some problems finding algorithms and code
	to teach me how to do some stuff..

	1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
	to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?

	2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
	so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
	800x600x256
	3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?

Thanks very much !

send reply's to : Palm@snycanva.bitnet

Peace be
Blessed be
Stephen Palm

From: cywang@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (Crying Freeman)
Subject: What's a good assembly VGA programming book?

Can someone give me the title of a good VGA graphics programming book?
Please respond by email. Thanks!

			--Yuan

-- 
Che-Yuan Wang
cw21219@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu
cywang@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu

From: davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com (David J. Ray)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In regards to fractal commpression, I have seen 2 fractal compressed "movies".
They were both fairly impressive.  The first one was a 64 gray scale "movie" of
Casablanca, it was 1.3MB and had 11 minutes of 13 fps video.  It was a little
grainy but not bad at all.  The second one I saw was only 3 minutes but it
had 8 bit color with 10fps and measured in at 1.2MB.

I consider the fractal movies a practical thing to explore.  But unlike many 
other formats out there, you do end up losing resolution.  I don't know what
kind of software/hardware was used for creating the "movies" I saw but the guy
that showed them to me said it took 5-15 minutes per frame to generate.  But as
I said above playback was 10 or more frames per second.  And how else could you
put 11 minutes on one floppy disk?

davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com
My opinions are my own except where they are shared by others in which case I 
will probably change my mind.

From: Ivanov Sergey <serge@argus.msk.su>
Subject: Re: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

> My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this

 Can You report CRT and other register state in this mode ?
 Thank's.

        Serge Ivanov (serge@argus.msk.su)


From: boylan@pi.eai.iastate.edu (Terran Boylan)
Subject: Reaction-Diffusion techniques

This past week I've been playing with some of the R-D (Reaction-
Diffusion, not to be confused with RDS or R&D) techniques
from SIGGRAPH '91.

I was wondering what material is available to explain the control
mechanism a little more.  It seems to me very much like a matter of
picking random magic numbers and sitting back and waiting.  Although
both of the papers (Turk and Witkin & Kass) were very well organized
and extremely helpful, I guess what I need is a more basic description
of the technique, especially wrt the control mechanisms.  The tests
that I did had a tendency to either turn into blurry mud or become
unstable.

Is there any info available online?  Source code would be great but
not necessary.

Thanks!


-- 
---
Terran J. Boylan, Sr. Artist/Programmer | "It's better to have loved
Engineering Animation, Inc.,  Ames, IA  | and lost than just to have
(515) 296-9908 / (515) 296-7892 (> 5PM) | lost." -- Dorky Dog

From: rjs002c@parsec.paradyne.com (Robert Synoski)
Subject: 24 bit Graphics cards

I am looking for EISA or VESA local bus graphic cards that support at least 
1024x786x24 resolution.  I know Matrox has one, but it is very expensive.  All the
other cards I know of, that support that resoultion, are striaght ISA. 

Also are there any X servers for a unix PC that support 24 bits?

thanks




From: dls@aeg.dsto.gov.au (David Silver)
Subject: Re: Fractal Generation of Clouds

haabn@nye.nscee.edu (Frederick J. Haab) writes:


>I need to implement an algorithm to fractally generate clouds
>as sort of a benchmark for some algorithms I'm working on.

Just as a matter of interest, a self-promo computer graphics sequence 
that one of the local TV stations used to play quite a lot a couple of
years ago showed a 3D flyover of Australia from the West coast to the
East.  The clouds were quite recognisable as fuzzy, flat, white
Mandlebrot sets!!

David Silver


From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

Hi Netters,

I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.

Can you please offer some recommendations?

I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.

Thanks

(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)

Bob Carpenter


From: kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au (Kai Howells)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software

In article <1qflpk$re1@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>, mbc@po.CWRU.Edu (Michael B.
Comet) wrote:
> 
> 
> In a previous article, trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell) says:
> 
> >There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
> >IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
> >
> 	Well....I don't know about its competing with 3D studio, but
> it's pretty powerful allright.

Yes but a key issue is _SPEED_ how fast is Imagine? And is it as easy to
use
as 3D Studio? Can it just do a render as fast as 3DS if you don't want
things like IOR etc.. 3DS can do fine shadows, animated reflection maps,
animated bump maps, animated anything maps, and with the IPAS routines 
(Not that I've ever seen them) It can do explosions, top quality
morphing, fire, rain, lens flares etc..
I'm not knocking imagine, I just want to know how it compares with 3DS

From: u895027@franklin.cc.utas.edu.au (Mark Mackey)
Subject: Raytracers: which is best?

Hi all!
	I've just recently become seriously hooked on POV, but there are a few
thing that I want to do that POV won't do (penumbral shadows, dispersion
etc.). I was just wondering: what other shareware/freeware raytracers are
out there, and what can they do? I've heard of Vivid and Polyray and 
Rayshade and so on, but I'd rather no wade through several hundred pages of 
manual for each trying to work out what their capabilities are. Can anyone
help? A comparison of tracing speed between each program would also be 
mucho useful.
											Mark.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Mackey                 | Life is a terminal disease and oxygen is         
mmackey@aqueous.ml.csiro.au | addictive. Are _you_ hooked?                  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: petro@server.uwindsor.ca (PETRO DAVID              )
Subject: Shareware


 Recently I saw the latest Computer Shopper and in it there was an article
on nice shareware graphics programs. They looked pretty good and of the 6
listed in the article, one I had (Graphics Workshop), one I found via
archie (Draft Choice - old version though) and the rest I couldn't find.
So if there is anyone that knows where I can get the following programs
via anonymous ftp, please let me know.

Adkins Graphics :AG1.ZIP, AG2.ZIP
Draft Choice (latest VGA version) : DRAFTC.ZIP
Envision Publisher: ENVIS1.ZIP, ENVIS2.ZIP
Neopaint: NEOPNT.ZIP

Thanx in advance.
D.PETRO 
-- 
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
>     DAVID PETRO           KWYJIBO-- A big, dumb, balding       <
>     Dept. of Physics                North American ape.        <
>     University of Windsor petro@server.uwindsor.ca             <

From: mmadsen@bonnie.ics.uci.edu (Matt Madsen)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

Robert G. Carpenter writes:

>Hi Netters,
>
>I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>
>Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
>
>Thanks
>
>(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
>
>Bob Carpenter
>

I too would like a 3D graphics library!  How much do C libraries cost
anyway?  Can you get the tools used by, say, RenderMan, and can you get
them at a reasonable cost?

Sorry that I don't have any answers, just questions...

Matt Madsen
mmadsen@ics.uci.edu


From: kshin@stein.u.washington.edu (Kevin Shin)
Subject: thinning algorithm

Hi, netters

I am looking for source code that can reads the ascii file
or bitmap file and produced the thinned image.
For example, to preprocess the character image I want to
apply thinning algorithm.

thanks
kevin
.

From: geigel@seas.gwu.edu (Joseph Geigel)
Subject: Looking for AUTOCAD .DXF file parser


  Hello...

    Does anyone know of any C or C++ function libraries in the public domain
 that assist in parsing an AUTOCAD .dxf file?  

    Please e-mail.


                                Thanks,

-- 

                            -- jogle
                               geigel@seas.gwu.edu


From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Delaunay Triangulation


Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
Is there any reference to it? 
Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

Thanks in advance.

Yeh
USC

From: katkere@krusty.eecs.umich.edu (Arun Katkere)
Subject: Re: cylinder and ray

In article <1qc1fgINNbv4@darkstar.UCSC.EDU>, koehler@secs.ucsc.edu writes:
|> I would be most thrilled if some kind person could help me with the following
|> Given a cylinder in 3D -defined as a line segment between two points and
|> a radius (e.g. Sx,Sy,Sz to Ex,Ey,Ez and r), what is the easiest (and not
|> too expensive) way to find if a ray -defined as another line through two
|> points -cuts through this cylinder and if so where? 

|> I think the test for touching is rather simple: if the closest approach
|> of the two lines is less than r, then the ray does penetrate the cylinder.

Nope, this won't work for a cylinder. You can have a line arbitrarily close
to the the cylinder backbone, and yet not intersect it. The test works for a
pillbox, though. (a cylinder with two hemispheres attached at the ends.)

|> Thanks,
|> 	Ryan 	(koehler@secs.ucsc.edu)

-arun
-- 

From: lee@luke.rsg.hac.com (C. Lee)
Subject: Re: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?)

In article <115072@bu.edu> kiki@PROBLEM_WITH_INEWS_GATEWAY_FILE (Keith Baccki) writes:
>C. Lee (lee@obiwan.rsg.hac.com) wrote:
>:  Did you say DEC Alpha?  Upgrade path from [...]
>:  6xx0: replace.  Upgrade path from VAX 66x0 to Alpha: replace the system.

>	Not totally fair - you haven't mentioned the DECstation
>series. I think if SGI made CISC mainframes they wouldn't provide
>an upgrade path to an Onyx.

I agree with you about the upgrade path; but I think I was fair.

The original posting complained (1) about SGI coming out with newer (and
better) architectures and not having an upgrade path from the older ones,
and (2) that DEC did.

On statement (1), I merely attempted to point out that all computer
companies are constantly attempting to improve their product (& market
position/share).  In so doing, they eventually come to a point where they
have a new architecture, and the only upgrade path is to replace the
system.  And the particular system he was complaining about was (in
computer lifetimes) relatively old.

On statement (2), I felt DEC's history of providing upgrades was not far
superior than the industry "average", and that, in my opinion, SGI's
history is better than DEC's.

(And what is DEC doing with it's MIPS based DECstation line?  Are they
going to "abandon" it for their Alpha based line, or provide an upgrade
path to R4400's and TFP's and R5's?)
--

From: williams4000@iscsvax.uni.edu
Subject: BOOK OF KELLS CORRECTION!!!

I aparantly mistyped the address for the ftp site which holds the images. The
correct address should be:

jupiter.csd.unb.ca
                ^^
rather than jupiter.csd.unb.edu.  They are in the directory:

\pub\library.info

Jon Williams
University of Northern Iowa

From: jxl9011@ultb.isc.rit.edu (J.X. Lee)
Subject: JOB

		
	              JOB OPPORTUNITY
		      ---------------


SERI(Systems Engineering Research Institute), of KIST(Korea
Institute of Science and Technology) is looking for the resumes
for the following position and need them by the end of June (6/30). 
If you are interested, send resumes to:

	CAD/CAE lab (6th floor)
	Systems Engineering Research Institute
	Korea Institute of Science and Technology 
	Yousung-Gu, Eoeun-Dong,
	Daejon. Korea
	305-600


	COMPANY: Systems Engineering Research Institute

	TITLE  : Senior Research Scientist

	JOB DESCRIPTION : In depth knowledge of C.
	Working knowledge of Computer Aided Design.
	Working knowledge of Computer Graphics.
	Working knowledge of Virtual Reality.
	Skills not required but desirable : knowledge of
	data modeling, virtual reality experience,
	understanding of client/server architecture.

	REQUIREMENT : Ph.D

	JOB LOCATION : Daejon, Korea

	Contact Info : Chul-Ho, Lim
		       CAD/CAE lab (6th floor)
		       Systems Engineering Research Institute
		       Korea Institute of Science and Technology 
	       	       Yousung-Gu, Eoeun-Dong,
		       Daejon. Korea
		       305-600

		       Phone) 82-42-869-1681
		       Fax)   82-42-861-1999 
		       E-mail) jxl9011@129.21.200.201

From: egg@dstos3.dsto.gov.au
Subject: Chosing optimal colors for colormap ?

Hi,

  I'm looking for an algorithm that would generate a good cross-section of
RGB colours given a limited colour map size. 

The problem: I'm writing an application for the PC that may have at most 256
colors. I want to use one colormap (palette) for the application but I'd like
it to contain an even spread of colours of the visible spectrum. I could use 
a 6x6x6 RGB cube but the problem is that a lot of those colours are almost
identical to the human eye. 

Does anyone know how I can optimize my choice of colors ?

From: rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham)
Subject: Re: SIGGRAPH

srnelson@speedsail.Eng.Sun.COM (Scott R. Nelson) writes:

> dave.mikelson@almac.co.uk (Dave Mikelson) writes:
> ...
> >Does anyone know if there is an 'open day' for the public at any time?
> >That is, not to attend conferences, but just browse around the 
> >exhibits.  Or are the exhibits etc just for fully registered attendees?
> was free as long as you got it to Siggraph on or before July 7.
> For 1991, it was similar: $20.00 or free before July 9.  It is safe
> to assume that the same kind of deal will be available this year.

	I just got my advance program and the "card in the back" is for the
	Exhibits Plus program -- the exhibits plus admission to a number of
	conference venues, including a special general session, "Behind the
	Scenes: Computer Graphics in Film."  Admission is not free, but is a
	nominal $30 (exhibits are open August 3 -- 5).

	To get a copy of the advance program, you can call 312-321-6830; the
	advance program itself is a good indication of the excitement of the
	conference!

> 
> Register early and get in for free.

	Sorry -- doesn't work this year!

-- Steve Cunningham

From: rosa@ghost.dsi.unimi.it (massimo rossi)
Subject: 3d studio works changes!!!!

 hi guys
 like all people in this group i'm a fans of fractal and render sw
 my favourite are fractint pov & 3dstudio 2.0 
 now listen my ideas
 i'have just starting now to be able to use 3dstudio quite well
 so i'm simulating a full animation of a f1 grand prix
 unfortanatly just some lap(10?)
 i' m very interested about all kind of .prj .3ds and so on
 concerning about cars or parts of its (motors wheel ...)
 (dxf are good enough)
 does anyone have object to give me to complete my hard animation


 anyway any exchanges about object material project will
 be VERY APRECIATE!!!!!

 is there a ftp site where I can find its?

 i' m looking for .pov files too
 (i 'm interested about cpu time comparision rendering images on
 pov & 3dstusio)

 thank to all


 email me at rosa@ghost.sm.dsi.unimi.it



From: djmst19@unixd2.cis.pitt.edu (David J Madura)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

dave@optimla.aimla.com (Dave Ziedman) writes:

: 3DO is still a concept.
: The software is what sells and what will determine its
: success.


Apparantly you dont keep up on the news.  3DO was shown
at CES to developers and others at private showings.  Over
300 software licensees currently developing software for it.

I would say that it is a *LOT* more than just a concept.


From: esuoc@csv.warwick.ac.uk (Ajay Soni)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For M




In article 2G1@bcstec.ca.boeing.com, rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>Hi Netters,
>
>I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>
>Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
>
>Thanks
>
>(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
>
>Bob Carpenter
>

I've been given the sites of some excellent 3D objects on all sorts of file formats ...
Here's where they are:


Host plaza.aarnet.edu.au

    Location: /graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Apr  4 14:32  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil

Host compute1.cc.ncsu.edu

    Location: /mirrors/wustl/graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Mar 14 09:15  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil

Host wuarchive.wustl.edu

    Location: /graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Jan  3 06:29  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil


See ya!
					Ajay 8*)



From: joerg@sax.sax.de (Joerg Wunsch)
Subject: About the various DXF format questions

Archie told me the following sites holding documentation about DXF:

Host nic.funet.fi   (128.214.6.100)
Last updated 15:11  7 Apr 1993

    Location: /pub/csc/graphics/format
      FILE      rwxrwxr--     95442  Dec  4  1991   dxf.doc

Host rainbow.cse.nau.edu   (134.114.64.24)
Last updated 17:09  1 Jun 1992

    Location: /graphics/formats
      FILE      rw-r--r--     95442  Mar 23 23:31   dxf.doc

Host ftp.waseda.ac.jp   (133.9.1.32)
Last updated 00:47  5 Apr 1993

    Location: /pub/data/graphic
      FILE      rw-r--r--     39753  Nov 18  1991   dxf.doc.Z

-- 
J"org Wunsch, ham: dl8dtl    : joerg_wunsch@uriah.sax.de
If anything can go wrong...  :   ...or:
     .o .o                   : joerg@sax.de,wutcd@hadrian.hrz.tu-chemnitz.de,
       <_      ... IT WILL!  : joerg_wunsch@tcd-dresden.de

From: lcd@umcc.umcc.umich.edu (Leon Dent)
Subject: Re: MPEG for x-windows MONO needed.

On sunsite.unc.edu in pub/multimedia/utilities/unix find 
 mpeg_play-2.0.tar.Z.

I find for mono it works best as mpeg_play -dither threshold 
   though you can use            mpeg_play -dither mono

Face it, this is not be the best viewing situation.

Also someone has made a patch for mpeg_play that gives two more mono
modes  (mono2 and halftone).

They are by jan@pandonia.canberra.edu.au (Jan Newmarch).
And the patch can be found on csc.canberra.edu.au (137.92.1.1) under
/pub/motif/mpeg2.0.mono.patch.


Leon Dent
lcd@umcc.umich.edu
 


From: mtoivakk@abo.fi (Martti Toivakka PAP)
Subject: Compiled version of VOGL-library for PC?


Has anybody compiled VOGL-graphics library
for IBM-PC? I need to call it from MS-Fortran
but don't have MS-C to compile the sources.

Thanks for any help...


martti toivakka
mtoivakk@abo.fi


From: sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543))
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Has anyone got multiverse to work ?

I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.

There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
(After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
setting to static - else the client core-dumped)

Steve
-- 

         Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
| Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
| Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
| Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
         (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer


From: ederveen@athena.research.ptt.nl (Ederveen D.)
Subject: Micro World Data Bank II ?

I'm looking for a database called "Micro World Data Bank II", a database
with digital map information containing 178,068 latitude, longitude points.
It is said to be in the public domain. If anyone knows a place where I can
get it (preferably FTP/gopher/mailserver etc.; otherwise snail mail) please
let me know. I you have it yourself and are willing to send me the file,
drop me a line.

I'll be using it with a program called VERSAMAP by Charles H. Culberson.
If anyone knows of another detailed database that can be used with this
program (preferably PD), I would be very interested.

Replies by e-mail please, directly to me, I don't read this group regularly.
If there's interest I'll post a summary, of course.
--
Derk Ederveen                        (FidoNet 2:283/323)  tel. +31-70-3323202
D.N.M.Ederveen@research.ptt.nl / ederveen@hlsdnl5.bitnet  fax. +31-70-3326477
  x400: /c=nl/admd=400net/prmd=ptt research/o=ptt research/s=ederveen/i=dnm
  ** "I wish I was a warrior, in every language that I speak" - Lou Reed **

From: young@is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp (YOUNG Shio Hong)
Subject: Looking for Dr. Bala R. Vatti's email address

Hi!

I am looking for the email address of the author to
"A Generic Solution to Polygon Clipping", 
Communication of the ACM, July 1992, Vol. 35, No. 7. 
I got information about the author as follows
	Mr. Bala R. Vatti
	LCEC, 65 River Road, Hudson, N.H. 03051
	email: vatti@waynar.lcec.lockheed
I want to get some related and detailed papers about the
same topic from the author. But I failed to send my email 
to the address. Any information is appreciated.

Thank you very much.

Best regards.

S. H. Young
Kunii Lab
Dept. of Information Science
Faculty of Science
University of Tokyo
Bunkyo-Ku, Hongo 7-3-1
113 Tokyo, Japan
email: young@is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp


From: michael_maier@qmgate.anl.gov (Michael Maier)
Subject: Round VS Elliptical DOT Screens

When using Photoshop is there anyway to get an elliptical dot for the
halftone screen rather than a round dot ? My printer would prefer an
elliptical dot, but I'm not sure how to set it up. I'm sending from a Mac
IIci to a Linotronic L300 imagesetter and I am using Photoshop 2.0.1 to
make my separations.

Any help would be greatly appreshed. T.I.A. 

Michael (Unscene) 


Michael Maier, Computer Artist, ANL  |  [|]---*Z* Glued to the veiw.      
            
Email michael_maier@qmgate.anl.gov   | "TV is the milk of Amnesia."  
Phone 708 252 5298                   |  Michael Maier

From: spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

In article <30523@hacgate.SCG.HAC.COM> lee@luke.rsg.hac.com (C. Lee) writes:
>The original posting complained (1) about SGI coming out with newer (and
>better) architectures and not having an upgrade path from the older ones,
>and (2) that DEC did.

No.  That's *not* what I was complaining about, nor did I intend to
suggest that DEC was any better than SGI (let me tell you about the
Lynx some day, but be prepared with a large sedative if you do...).  My
comment regarding DEC was to indicate that I might be open to other vendors
that supported OpenGL, rather than deal further with SGI.

What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
for a while, rather than being flushed.

Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
getting boned in the process.

Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs
and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.
The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond.  That
means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).

Now you'll have to pardon me while I go off and hiss and fume in a
corner somewhere and think dark, libelous thoughts.

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"My other car is a car, too."
                 - Bumper strip seen on I-805

From: cheinan@access.digex.com (Cheinan Marks)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

: Robert G. Carpenter writes:

: >Hi Netters,
: >
: >I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
: >some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
: >
: >Can you please offer some recommendations?
: >
: >I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
: >
: >Thanks
: >
: >(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
: >
: >Bob Carpenter
: >

The following is extracted from sumex-aim.stanford.edu.  It should also be on
the mirrors.  I think there is source for some applications that may have some
bearing on your project.  Poke around the source directory.  I've never used
this package, nor do I know anyone who did, but the price is right :-)

Hope this helps.

					Cheinan

Abstracts of files as of Thu Apr  1 03:11:39 PST 1993
Directory: info-mac/source

#### BINHEX     3d-grafsys-121.hqx   ****

Date: Fri, 5 Mar 93 14:13:07 +0100
From: Christian Steffen Ove Franz <cfranz@iiic.ethz.ch>
To: questions@mac.archive.umich.edu
Subject: 3d GrafSys 1.21 in incoming directory
A 3d GrafSys short description follows:

Programmers 3D GrafSys Vers 1.21 now available. 

Version 1.21 is mainly a bugfix for THINK C users. THIS VERSION
NOW RUNS WITH THINK C, I PROMISE! The Docs now contain a chapter for
C programmers on how to use the GrafSys. If you have problems, feel free 
to contact me.
The other change is that I removed the FastPerfTrig calls from
the FPU version to make it run faster.

Those of you who don't know what all this is about, read on.

********

Programmers 3D GrafSys -- What it is:
-------------------------------------

Didn't you always have this great game in mind where you needed some way of 
drawing three-dimensional scenes? 

Didn't you always want to write this program that visualized the structure 
of three-dimensional molecules?

And didn't the task of writing your 3D conversions routines keep you from 
actually doing it?

Well if the answer to any of the above questions is 'Yes, but what has it to 
do with this package???' , read on.

GrafSys is a THINK Pascal/C library that provides you with simple routines 
for building, saving, loading (as resources), and manipulating 
(independent rotating around arbitrary achses, translating and scaling) 
three dimensional objects. Objects, not just simple single-line drawings.

GrafSys supports full 3D clipping, animation and some (primitive) hidden-
line/hidden-surface drawing with simple commands from within YOUR PROGRAM.

GrafSys also supports full eye control with both perspective and parallel
projections (If you can't understand a word, don't worry, this is just showing
off for those who know about it. The docs that come with it will try to explain
what it all means later on). 

GrafSys provides a powerful interface to supply your own drawing routines with
data so you can use GrafSys to do the 3D transformations and your own routines
to do the actual drawing. (Note that GrafSys also provides drawing routines so
you don't have to worry about that if you don't want to)

GrafSys 1.11 comes in two versions. One for the 881 and 020 or above 
processors. The other version uses fixed-point arithmetic and runs on any Mac.
Both versions are *100% source compatibel*. 

GrafSys comes with an extensive manual that teaches you the fundamentals of 3D
graphics and how to use the package.

If demand is big enough I will convert the GrafSys to an object-class library. 
However, I feelt that the way it is implemented now makes it easier to use for
a lot more people than the select 'OOP-Guild'.

GrafSys is free for any non-commercial usage. Read the documentation enclosed.


Enjoy,
Christian Franz

From: Peter.vanderveen@visser.el.wau.nl  (Peter van der Veen)
Subject: Re: Fonts in POV??

In Article <1qg9fc$et9@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au> "g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)" says:
> 
> 
> 	I have seen several ray-traced scenes (from MTV or was it 
> RayShade??) with stroked fonts appearing as objects in the image.
> The fonts/chars had color, depth and even textures associated with
> them.  Now I was wondering, is it possible to do the same in POV??
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Noel
> 
Yes, there are serveral programs which can convert font files (eq the Borland
fonts) to objects consisting of spheres, cones etc. 
I've used a program (forgot its name/place, but i can look for it) which
converted these Borland fonts to three different raytracers. Vivid, POV and
Polyray (which i like more (more flexibel/faster/use of expressions etc).
The program has a lot nice features.
So if interested give me a mail.

 /*---------*\*/*-------------------------------------------*\
 *|  ____/|  *|*    PETER.VANDERVEEN@VISSER.EL.WAU.NL       |*
 *|  \ o.O|  *|*    Department of Genetics                  |*
 *|   =(_)=  *|*    Agricultural University                 |*
 *|     U    *|*    Wageningen, The Netherlands             |*
 \*---------*/*\*-------------------------------------------*/

From: Geoffrey_Hansen@mindlink.bc.ca (Geoffrey Hansen)
Subject: Re: VESA on the Speedstar 24

Using the VMODE command, all you need to do is type VMODE VESA at the dos
prompt. VMODE is included with the Speedstar 24.  I have used the VESA mode
for autodesk animator pro.

--
   <=================================================|
             |     geoffrey_hansen@mindlink.bc.ca    |
             |=================================================>
 "Inumerable confusions and a feeling of despair invariably emerge
  in periods of great technological and cultural transition."
                                                     Marshall McLuhan


From: ruocco@ghost.dsi.unimi.it (sergio ruocco)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software


I don't have nor Imagine nor Real 3d, but as old
Amiga user I think you should take a look also to 
Real 3d 2.0 for the Amiga. I saw Imagine 2.0 on the
Amiga for a long time at my friend's home, and
I've seen R3D 2.0 in action at Bit.Movie 93 in Riccione,
Italy (an Italian Computer Graphics Contest).
Many professionals using 3d Studio on PC, SoftImage
for Silicon Graphics and Imagine on the Amiga were 
*VERY IMPRESSED* by the power of this programs.
Sorry, I've lost the posting with full description 
of features of this great program.

For more informations give a look in comp.sys.amiga.graphics.

Representative of Activa International told me that
it will be out in 2 weeks for the Amiga and that
PC MS-Windows, Silicon Indigo and Unix version are 
under development.

Ciao,
	Sergio




-- 
Sergio Ruocco - ruocco@ghost.sm.dsi.unimi.it
Via Di Vittorio, 4
I-20019 Settimo Milanese Milano
Phone: 0039-2-3283896

From: george@ccmail.larc.nasa.gov (George M. Brown)
Subject: Re: PCX

In article <1993Apr14.220100.17867@freenet.carleton.ca> ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle) writes:
>From: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle)
>Subject: PCX
>Date: Wed, 14 Apr 1993 22:01:00 GMT
>
>Hello
>	HELP!!! please
>		I am a student of turbo c++ and graphics programming
>	and I am having some problems finding algorithms and code
>	to teach me how to do some stuff..
>
>	1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
>	to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?
>
>	2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
>	so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
>	800x600x256
>	3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?
>
>Thanks very much !
>
>send reply's to : Palm@snycanva.bitnet
>
>Peace be
>Blessed be
>Stephen Palm

A book that I can somewhat recommend is :
                     
                     Pratical Image Processing in C
                     by Craig A. Lindley
                     published by Wiley

It addresses reading/writing to/from PCX/TIFF files; image acquisition, 
manipulation and storage; and has source code in the book. The source is 
primarily written in Turbo C and naturally has conversion possibilities. I 
have converted some of it to Quick C. Naturally, the code has some problems 
in the book - as usuall. Typos, syntax, etc. are problems. It can be a good 
learning experience for someone who is studying C. There is also a companion 
disk with source available for order and $50.00. Overall, the book is not 
bad. I acquired the book at WaldenSoftware.

From: rschmitt@shearson.com (Robert Schmitt)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library F

What hardware do plan to run on?  Workstation or PC?  Cost level?
Run-time licensing needs?

Bob
------------------------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Schmitt | Applied Derivatives Technology | Lehman Brothers
rschmitt@shearson.com



From: weber@sipi.usc.edu (Allan G. Weber)
Subject: Need help with Mitsubishi P78U image printer

Our group recently bought a Mitsubishi P78U video printer and I could use some
help with it.  We bought this thing because it (1) has a parallel data input in
addition to the usual video signal inputs and (2) claimed to print 256 gray
level images.  However, the manual that came with it only describes how to
format the parallel data to print 1 and 4 bit/pixel images.  After some initial
problems with the parallel interface I now have this thing running from a
parallel port of an Hewlett-Packard workstation and I can print 1 and 4
bit/pixel images just fine.  I called the Mitsubishi people and asked about the
256 level claim and they said that was only available when used with the video
signal inputs.  This was not mentioned in the sales literature.  However they
did say the P78U can do 6 bit/pixel (64 level) images in parallel mode, but
they didn't have any information about how to program it to do so, and they
would call Japan, etc.

Frankly, I find it hard to believe that if this thing can do 8 bit/pixel images
from the video source, it can't store 8 bits/pixel in the memory.  It's not
like memory is that expensive any more.  If anybody has any information on
getting 6 bit/pixel (or even 8 bit/pixel) images out of this thing, I would
greatly appreciate your sending it to me.

Thanks.

Allan Weber
Signal & Image Processing Institute
University of Southern California
weber@sipi.usc.edu

From: renggli@masg1.epfl.ch (loris renggli)
Subject: Need graph display/edit

I am looking for a program that is capable of displaying a graph
with nodes and links and with the possibility to edit interactively
the graph : add one node, change one link etc...

Actually, a very _simple_ X11 program would be ok; all I need is to
put some "boxes" (i.e. the nodes ) on a pane and be able to
manipulate them with the mouse (move, add or delete boxes).

Does anyone know if such program is available ?
Thanks for any help !!

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Loris RENGGLI                          phone  : +41-21-6934230
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology  fax    : +41-21-6934303
Math. Dept
CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)         e-mail : renggli@masg1.epfl.ch


From: Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu>
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.

Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
dynamic material.
========================================================================
Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu

Subject: XGA-2 info?
From: rleberle@sparc2.cstp.umkc.edu (Rainer Leberle)

Hi,
has anyone more info about the XGA-2 chipset?
HW-funcs, TrueColor, Resolutions,...
Any boards with XGA-2 out yet?

thanks
Rainer

-- 
Rainer Leberle	                           rleberle@sparc2.cstp.umkc.edu
University of Kansas City, MO  

>> New mail from clinton@whitehouse.dc.gov - (No Subject Specified)

From: highlndr@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (The Highlander)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

cptully@med.unc.edu (Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699) writes:

>Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
>about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
>help define or critique the spec.

HEAR HEAR!!!

>Finally, a little numerology:  42 is 24 backwards, and TIFF is a 24 bit
>image format...

REALLY? i thought that the reason it was 42 was that it is REALLY 24, but
written as 42 so that on Intel chips you could get the proper value :)

-pete

help stomp out the endian wars... break some eggs on their sides!

-- 
Peter Mueller (TheBishop)          | When a person commits a violation and sins
highlndr@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu          | unintentionally in regard to any of the
pmueller@mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu      | Lord's holy things, he is to bring to the
                                   | Lord as a penalty, a ram from the flock...

From: mogal@deadhead.asd.sgi.com (Joshua Mogal)
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

|> My
|> comment regarding DEC was to indicate that I might be open to other
|> vendors
|> that supported OpenGL, rather than deal further with SGI.

OpenGL is a graphics programming library and as such is a great, portable
interface for the development of interactive 3D graphics applications. It
is not, however, an indicator of performance, as that will vary strongly
from machine to machine and vendor to vendor.  SGI is committed to high
performance interactive graphics systems and software tools, so OpenGL
means that you can port easily from SGI to other platforms, there is no
guarantee that your performance would be comparable.

|> 
|> What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
|> we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
|> Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

If your sales representative truly mislead you, then you should have a
valid grievance against us which you should carry up to your local SGI
sales management team. Feel free to contact the local branch manager...we
understand that repeat sales come from satisfied customers, so give it a
shot.

|> 
|> I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
|> previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
|> for a while, rather than being flushed.

As one of the previous posts stated, the Personal IRIS was introduced in
1988 and grew to include the 4D/20, 4D/25, 4D/30 and 4D/35 as clock rates
sped up over time. As a rule of thumb, SGI platforms live for about 4-5
years. This was true of the motorola-based 3000 series ('85-'89), the PI
('88-'93), the Professional Series (the early 4D's - '86-'90), the Power
Series parallel systems ('88-'93). Individual CPU subsystems running at a
particular clock rate usually live for about 2 years. New graphics
architectures at the high end (GT, VGX, RealityEngine) are released every
18 months to 2 years.

These are the facts of life.  If we look at these machines, they become
almost archaic after four years, and we have to come out with a new
platform (like Indigo, Onyx, Challenge) which has higher bus bandwidths,
faster CPUs, faster graphics and I/O, and larger disk capacities. If we
don't, we become uncompetitive.

From the user perspective, you have to buy a machine that meets your
current needs and makes economic sense today.  You can't wait to buy, but
if you need a guaranteed upgrade path for the machine, ask the Sales Rep
for one in writing. If it's feasible, they should be able to do that. Some
of our upgrade paths have specific programs associated with them, such as
the Performance Protection Program for older R3000-based Power Series
multiprocessing systems which allowed purchasers of those systems to obtain
a guaranteed upgrade price for moving to the new Onyx or Challenge
R4400-based 64-bit multiprocessor systems.

|> 
|> Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
|> keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
|> pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
|> just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
|> getting boned in the process.
|> 

If that's happening, it's becausing of misunderstandings or
mis-communication, not because SGI is directly attempting to annoy our
customer base.

|> Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
|> aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
|> for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs
|> and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
|> every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.

Most SGI customers are onesy-twosey types, but regardless, we rarely give a
great deal of notice when we are about to introduce a new system because
again, like a previous post stated, if we pre-announced and the schedule
slipped, we would mess up our potential customers schedules (when they were
counting on the availability of the new systems on a particular date) and
would also look awfully bad to both our investors and the financial
analysts who watch us most carefully to see if we are meeting our
commitments.

|> The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
|> entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond. That
|> means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
|> have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
|> previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
|> vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
|> And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
|> could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
|> supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).
|> 

Five years is an awfully long time in computer years. New processor
technologies are arriving every 1-2 years, making a 5 year old computer at
least 2 and probably 3 generations behind the times. The competitive nature
of the market is demanding that rate of development, so if your timing is
really 5 years between purchases, you have to accept the limited viability
of whatever architecture you buy into from any vendor.

There are some realities about the computer biz that we all have to live
with, but keeping customers happy is the most important, so don't give up,
we know it.

Josh   |:-)

-- 


**************************************************************************
**				     **					**
**	Joshua Mogal		     **	Product Manager			**
**	Advanced Graphics Division   **	  Advanced Graphics Systems	**
**	Silicon Graphics Inc.	     **	Market Manager			**
**	2011 North Shoreline Blvd.   **	  Virtual Reality		**
**	Mountain View, CA 94039-7311 **	  Interactive Entertainment	**
**	M/S 9L-580		     **					**
**				     *************************************
**	Tel:	(415) 390-1460						**
**	Fax:	(415) 964-8671						**
**	E-mail:	mogal@sgi.com						**
**									**
**************************************************************************

Subject: Rendering Software for Multi-processor Computer S
From: wcarter@trident.datasys.swri.edu (William Carter)


Hello,

    I am searching for rendering software which has been developed
to specifically take advantage of multi-processor computer systems.
Any pointers to such software would be greatly appreciated.
    
Thanks.

-- 
Billy Carter, Software Engineering Section
Southwest Research Institute
wcarter@swri.edu

From: lvandyke@balboa.eng.uci.edu (Lee Van Dyke)
Subject: Wanted: map of the world type gifs

Hi, can anyone direct me to map type gifs? 

I am interesting in cartography and would find
these gifs useful.

tia,

--
Lee Van Dyke
      lvandyke@balboa.eng.uci.edu,
UUCP: infotec!Infotec.COM!lee@sunkist.West.Sun.COM

From: dkennett@fraser.sfu.ca (Daniel Kennett)
Subject: [POV] Having trouble bump mapping a gif to a sphere


Hello,
  I've been trying to bump map a gif onto a sphere for a while and I
can't seem to get it to work.  Image mapping works, but not bump
mapping.  Here's a simple file I was working with, could some kind
soul tell me whats wrong with this.....

#include "colors.inc"
#include "shapes.inc"
#include "textures.inc"
 
camera {
  location  <0 1 -3>
  direction <0 0 1.5>
  up        <0 1 0>
  right     <1.33 0 0>
  look_at   <0 1 2>
}
 
object { light_source { <2 4 -3> color White }
       }
 
object {
  sphere { <0 1 2> 1 }
   texture {
     bump_map { 1 <0 1 2> gif "surf.gif"}
   }
}

NOTE: surf.gif is a plasma fractal from Fractint that is using the
landscape palette map.

  
	Thanks in advance
	   -Daniel-

*======================================================================* 
| Daniel Kennett	 		                               |
| dkennett@sfu.ca          		   			       |
| "Our minds are finite, and yet even in those circumstances of        |
|  finitude, we are surrounded by possibilities that are infinite, and |
|  the purpose of human life is to grasp as much as we can out of that |
|  infinitude." - Alfred North Whitehead                               |  
*======================================================================*

From: talluri@osage.csc.ti.com (Raj Talluri)
Subject: Point of intersection of n lines

Hi,

Can anybody suggest robust algorithms/code for computing the point of intersection
on n, 2-d lines in a plane. The data has outliers and hence a simple least squares
technique does not seem to provide satifactory results.

Please respond by e-mail and I will post the summary to the newsgroups
if there is sufficient interest.

Thanks,

Raj Talluri
Member Technical Staff
Image Understanding Branch
Texas Instruments
Central Research Labs
Dallas, Texas 75248

talluri@csc.ti.com



From: lusardi@cs.buffalo.edu (Christopher Lusardi)
Subject: Program Included: 2 Edge Detection Algorithms!

/*

This program doesn't detect edges with compass operators and a laplacian
operator. It should output 2 raw grey-scale images with edges. The output
doesn't look like edges at all.

In novicee terms, how do I correct the errors? Any improvements are welcome.
(I'll even accept your corrected code.)

(If I convolve the INPUT.IMAGE with a digital gaussian [7 by 7] to remove
noise, will I get an improvement with the laplacian.)

--------------------------2 types of edge detection-------------------------*/
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <math.h> 

#define IMAGEWIDTH 300
#define IMAGEHEIGHT 300

unsigned char Input_Image [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];

unsigned char Angles_Wanted [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];
unsigned char Magnitude_Image [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];

int Laplace_Op1 [3][3] = { 0,-1, 0, -1,4,-1,  0,-1, 0};

int Compass_Op1 [3][3] = { 1, 1, 1,  0,0, 0, -1,-1,-1};
int Compass_Op2 [3][3] = { 1, 1, 0,  1,0,-1,  0,-1,-1};
int Compass_Op3 [3][3] = { 1, 0,-1,  1,0,-1,  1, 0,-1};
int Compass_Op4 [3][3] = { 0,-1,-1,  1,0,-1,  1, 1, 0};
int Compass_Op5 [3][3] = {-1,-1,-1,  0,0, 0,  1, 1, 1};
int Compass_Op6 [3][3] = {-1,-1, 0, -1,0, 1,  0, 1, 1};
int Compass_Op7 [3][3] = {-1, 0, 1, -1,0, 1, -1, 0, 1};
int Compass_Op8 [3][3] = { 0, 1, 1, -1,0, 1, -1,-1, 0};

void Compass (row,col)
int row,col;
{
  int value;
  int op_rows, op_cols;
  int Compass1,Compass2,Compass3,Compass4;
  int Compass5,Compass6,Compass7,Compass8;
  
  Compass1 = Compass2 = Compass3 = Compass4 = 0;
  Compass5 = Compass6 = Compass7 = Compass8 = 0;
  
  for (op_rows = -1; op_rows < 2; op_rows++)
    for (op_cols = -1; op_cols < 2; op_cols++)
      {
	if (((row + op_rows) >= 0) && ((col + op_cols) >= 0))
	  {
	    
	    Compass1 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op1 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass2 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op2 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass3 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op3 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass4 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op4 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass5 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op5 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass6 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op6 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass7 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op7 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass8 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op8 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    
	  }
      }
  if (Compass1 < Compass2)
    value = Compass2;
  else 
    value = Compass1;      
  if (value < Compass3)
    value = Compass3;
  if (value < Compass4)
    value = Compass4;
  if (value < Compass5)
    value = Compass5;
  if (value < Compass6)
    value = Compass6;
  if (value < Compass7)
    value = Compass7;
  if (value < Compass8)
    value = Compass8;

  Magnitude_Image [row][col] = (char) value;
}

void Laplace1 (row,col)
int row,col;
{
  int op_rows, op_cols;

  Magnitude_Image [row][col] = 0;
  for (op_rows = -1; op_rows < 2; op_rows++)
    for (op_cols = -1; op_cols < 2; op_cols++)
      if (((row + op_rows) >= 0) && ((col + op_cols) >= 0))
	Magnitude_Image [row][col] = 
	  (char) ((int)Magnitude_Image [row][col] +
		  ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols] * 
		   Laplace_Op1 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1]));
}

main  ()
{
  FILE *Original_Image_fp;
  FILE *Laplace1_mag_fp,*Laplace2_mag_fp,*Laplace3_mag_fp;
  FILE *Compass_mag_fp;

  int row, col, Algo_Count;

  Original_Image_fp = fopen ("INPUT.IMAGE","rb");

  Laplace1_mag_fp = fopen ("Laplace1_Magnitude","wb");
  Compass_mag_fp = fopen ("Compass_Magnitude","wb");

  fread ((unsigned char *) Input_Image,sizeof(unsigned char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Original_Image_fp);
  for (Algo_Count = 0; Algo_Count < 2;Algo_Count ++)
    {
      for (row = 0; row < IMAGEHEIGHT; row++) 
	for (col = 0; col < IMAGEWIDTH; col++) 
	  if (!Algo_Count)
	    Laplace1 (row,col);
	  else 
	    Compass (row,col);
      
      if (!Algo_Count)
	fwrite(Magnitude_Image,sizeof(char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Laplace1_mag_fp);
      else 
	fwrite(Magnitude_Image,sizeof(char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Compass_mag_fp);
    }
}

  
-- 
|  .-,                ###|For a lot of .au music: ftp sounds.sdsu.edu
| /   /   __  ,  _    ###|then cat file.au > /dev/audio
| \_>/ >_/ (_/\_/<>_     |UB library catalog:telnet bison.acsu.buffalo.edu
|_                14261 _|(When in doubt ask: xarchie, xgopher, or xwais.)

From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Hi Steve,

As the author of Multiverse, I feel I had better respond to your
mailnote questioning whether anyone had managed to compile this
software - the quick answer is yes! The long answer is yes - but a
few have had a few problems with their platforms - not all unix's are
the same, you know! As far as "many bugs" go, it would probably be more
useful to everyone (including you) if you were a bit more explicit! :-)

Platforms it has succesfully compiled and run on are: RS6000, Dec Ultrix
Sun Solaris so it is possible.

The main problem is that I don't have access to other platforms than the
RS6000, so if there are portability problems then the only way I hear
about them is by people letting me know and giving me a clue as to
how to fix it.

As far as the software not doing anything, do you really think I would
bother releasing it, if that was the case? Perhaps you didn't read the
few docs that ARE supplied. The dogfight world is made up of clients
only, so if you're in there on your own, then you're not going to see
anything! The dactyl world has quite a lot of scenary - so if you don't
see anything there, then this is definitely a problem!

One final word - if you're not interested, don't bother with it.
If you are interested, then please remember that I'm not asking for
any money! So why not try a little patience and constructive criticism,
maybe that will get results??

Robert.
robert@acsc.com


From: <NT3QC@CUNYVM.BITNET>
Subject: RE: Hot new 3D software

I don't think speed has been determined, since it has never run on Intel chips.
But on the Amiga's Motorola Chips, it was one of the fastest true 'Ray Tracers'

I don't think Impulse would port it over and not take speed into consideration.

In terms of features, and learning curve... ALL that you stated for 3DS is also
true for Imagine, and lots more... But I'll have to admit that after 3 years of
use on the Amiga, the learning curve is very steep. This is due ONLY to the
manual. It is realy BAD. However, there is a lot of after market support for
this product, including regular 'Tips' articles in many magazines such as "AVID
and a great book by Steve Worley called "Understanding Imagine 2.0" This book i
is not just recommened, IT IS A MUST!

I think an important consideration should be price......
$3000 for 3DS (Not including "tool" packages)
Under $500 for Imagine complete.

From: spencer@med.umich.edu (Spencer W. Thomas)
Subject: Re: cylinder and ray


Sketch:  Rotate so cylinder axis is || Z axis.

Intersect X/Y projection of line with projected cylinder (similar to,
but easier than, sphere intersection).  Result: no intersection, one
intersection, or two intersections, parameterized along line by t0 and
t1.  Now look at Z, and compute intersections of line with top and
bottom planes of cylinder.  This gives t0' and t1'.  The interval of
intersection is then the bit of the line from [t0,t1] INTERSECT [t0',t1'].

Details left as an exercise for the reader.

=S
--
=Spencer W. Thomas 		|  Info Tech and Networking, B1911 CFOB, 0704
   "Genome Informatician"	|  Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Spencer.W.Thomas@med.umich.edu	|  313-764-8065, FAX 313-764-4133

From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)
Subject: Sphere from 4 points?

Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Thanks,
Ed


-- 
Ed Bolson
University of Washington  Cardiovascular Research               (206)543-4535
bolson@u.washington.edu (preferred)
bolson@max.bitnet                bolson@milton.u.washington.edu (if you must)

Subject: [ANNOUNCE] Ivan Sutherland to speak at Harvard
From: eekim@husc11.harvard.edu (Eugene Kim)

The Harvard Computer Society is pleased to announce its third lecture of
the spring.  Ivan Sutherland, the father of computer graphics and an
innovator in microprocessing, will be speaking at Harvard University on
Tuesday, April 20, 1993, at 4:00 pm in Aiken Computations building, room
101.  The title of his talk is "Logical Effort and the Conflict over the
Control of Information."

Cookies and tea will be served at 3:30 pm in the Aiken Lobby.  Admissions
is free, and all are welcome.

Aiken is located north of the Science Center near the Law School.

For more information, send e-mail to eekim@husc.harvard.edu.

The lecture will be videotaped, and a tape will be made available.

Thanks.

-- 
Eugene Kim '96                     |   "Give me a place to stand, and I will
INTERNET: eekim@husc.harvard.edu   |    move the earth."        --Archimedes

From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: windows imagine??!!


Has ANYONE who has ordered the new PC version of Imagine ACTUALLY recieved
it yet?   I'm just about ready to order but reading posts about people still
awaiting delivery are making me a little paranoid.  Has anyone actually 
held this piece of software in their own hands?

Later,

Jim Nobles


From: morley@suncad.camosun.bc.ca (Mark Morley)
Subject: VGA Mode 13h Routines Available

Hi there,

I've made a VGA mode 13h graphics library available via FTP.  I originally
wrote the routines as a kind of exercise for myself, but perhaps someone
here will find them useful.  They are certainly useable as they are, but
are missing some higher-level functionality.  They're intended more as an
intro to mode 13h programming, a starting point.

*** The library assumes a 386 processor, but it is trivial to modify it
*** for a 286.  If enough people ask, I'll make the mods and re-post it as a
*** different version.

The routines are written in assembly (TASM) and are callable from C.  They
are fairly simple, but I've found them to be very fast (for my purposes,
anyway).  Routines are included to enter and exit mode 13h, define a
"virtual screen", put and get pixels, put a pixmap (rectangular image with
no transparent spots), put a sprite (image with see-thru areas), copy
areas of the virtual screen into video memory, etc.  I've also included a
simple C routine to draw a line, as well as a C routine to load a 256
color GIF image into a buffer.  I also wrote a quick'n'dirty(tm) demo program
that bounces a bunch of sprites around behind three "windows".

The whole package is available on spang.camosun.bc.ca in /pub/dos/vgl.zip 
It is zipped with pkzip 2.04g

It is completely in the public domain, as far as I'm concerned.  Do with
it whatever you like.  However, it'd be nice to get credit where it's due,
and maybe an e-mail telling me you like it (if you don't like it don't bother)

Mark
morley@camosun.bc.ca

From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

I searched the U Mich archives fairly thoroughly for 3D graphics packages,
I always thought it to be a mirror of sumex-aim.stanford.edu... I was wrong.
I'll look into GrafSys... it does sound interesting!

Thanks Cheinan.

BobC



From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library F

Sorry about not mentioning platform... my original post was to mac.programmer,
and then decided to post here to comp.graphics.

I'd like the 3D software to run on primarily Mac in either C, Object Pascal
(Think or MPW). But, I'll port to Windows later, so a package that runs on
Mac and has a Windows version would be ideal.

I'm looking for a package that has low upfront costs, and reasonable licensing
costs... of course :)

BobC



From: steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>
>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Wouldn't this require a hyper-sphere.  In 3-space, 4 points over specifies
a sphere as far as I can see.  Unless that is you can prove that a point
exists in 3-space that is equi-distant from the 4 points, and this may not
necessarily happen.

Correct me if I'm wrong (which I quite possibly am!)

steve
---



-- 
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Steven Collins			| email: steve@crl.hitachi.co.jp |
| Visiting Computer Graphics Researcher	| phone: (0423)-23-1111 	 |
| Hitachi Central Research Lab. Tokyo.	| fax:   (0423)-27-7742		 |

From: spworley@netcom.com (Steve Worley)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:

>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

It's not a bad question: I don't have any refs that list this algorithm
either. But thinking about it a bit, it shouldn't be too hard.

1) Take three of the points and find the plane they define as well as
the circle that they lie on (you say you have this algorithm already)

2) Find the center  of this circle. The line passing through this center
perpendicular to the plane of the three points passes through the center of
the sphere.

3) Repeat with the unused point and two of the original points. This
gives you two different lines that both pass through the sphere's
origin. Their interection is the center of the sphere.

4) the radius is easy to compute, it's just the distance from the center to
any of the original points.

I'll leave the math to you, but this is a workable algorithm. :-)


An alternate method would be to take pairs of points: the plane formed
by the perpendicular bisector of each line segment pair also contains the
center of the sphere. Three pairs will form three planes, intersecting
at a point. This might be easier to implement.

-Steve
spworley@netcom.com

From: HURH@FNAL.FNAL.GOV (Patrick Hurh)
Subject: Rayshade to DXF,RIB,etc.. (Strata)?

I'm a mac user who wants to use some of the rayshade models I've built
using macrayshade (rayshade-M) with Stratavision 3d.  Since Stratavision
can import many different model files I thought this would be a cinch...
but I haven't been able to find a simple translator that will work on the
mac.  Any ideas?

Stratavision 3d should be able to import:

DXF
MiniCAD
Super 3d
Swivel 3d professional

out of the box and:

RIB
IGS

with externals.

Also, if anyone knows of any other translator externals available for
Stratavision 3d (esp. Rayshade!) please e-mail me!

BTW, I'm going to send mail to the rayshade usrs mailing list tomorrow (I
misplaced the address) but since most users of rayshade do not seem to
operate with macs, I'm not getting my hopes up...

thanks in advance,

--patrick.                hurh@fnal.fnal.gov

From: dkusswur@falcon.depaul.edu (Daniel C. Kusswurm)
Subject: Siggraph 1987 Course Notes

I am looking for a copy of the following Siggraph publication: Gomez, J.E.
"Comments on Event Driven Annimation," Siggraph Course Notes, 10, 1987.

If anyone knows of a location where I can obtain a copy of these notes, I
would appreciate if they could let me know.  Thanks.

dkusswur@falcon.depaul.edu

From: bbs.mirage@tsoft.net (Jerry Lee)
Subject: Cobra 2.0 1-b-1 Video card HELP ME!!!!

Does ANYONE out there in Net-land have any information on the Cobra 2.20 
card?  The sticker on the end of the card reads
        Model: Cobra 1-B-1
        Bios:  Cobra v2.20

I Havn't been able to find anything about it from anyone!  If you have 
any information on how to get a hold of the company which produces the 
card or know where any drivers are for it, PLEASE let me know!

As far as I can tell, it's a CGA card that is taking up 2 of my 16-bit 
ISA slots but when I enable the test patterns, it displays much more than 
the usualy 4 CGA colors... At least 16 from what I can count.. Thanks!

              .------------------------------------------.
              : Internet: jele@eis.calstate.edu          :
              :           bbs.mirage@gilligan.tsoft.net  :
              :           bbs.mirage@tsoft.sf-bay.org    :
              :           mirage@thetech.com             :
              : UUCP    : apple.com!tsoft!bbs.mirage     :
              `------------------------------------------'
 
                    Computer and Video Imaging Major

From: Lars.Jorgensen@p7.syntax.bbs.bad.se (Lars Jorgensen)
Subject: Externel processes for 3D Studio

To:All

Hi,

Does anybody have the source code to the externel processes that comes with 3D 
Studio, and mabe som kind of DOC for writing the processes your self.


/Lars

+++ Author: Lars_Jorgensen@p7.syntax.bbs.bad.se, Syntax BBS, Denmark

--- GoldED 2.41

From: valo@cvtstu.cvt.stuba.cs (Valo Roman)
Subject: Re: Text Recognition software availability

In article <C4IHqM.7v3@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
|> One more time: is there any >free< OCR software out there?
|>
|> I ask this question periodically and haven't found anything.  This is
|> the last time.  If I don't find anything, I'm going to write some
|> myself.
|> 
|> Post here or email me if you have any leads or suggestions, else just
|> sit back and wait for me. :)
|> 
|> ab

I'm not sure if this is free or shareware, but you can try to look to wsmrsimtel20.army.mil,
directory PD1:<MSDOS.DESKPUB>  file OCR104.ZIP .
From the file SIMIBM.LST :
OCR104.ZIP    B   93310  910424  Optical character recognition for scanners.

Hope this helps.

Roman Valo                                                          valo@cvt.stuba.cs
Slovak Technical University
Bratislava 
Slovakia

From: johne@iti.gov.sg (Dr. John S. Eickemeyer)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Off the top of my head, I might try:

Given: p_1, p_2, p_3, p_4

Find:  p_c (center of sphere determined by p_1, ..., p_4), 
       dist(p_c, p_i) (radius)

p_c is the same distance from our four points, so
dist(p_c,p_1) = dist(p_c,p_2) = dist(p_c,p_3) = dist(p_c,p_4) 

Of course, we can square the whole thing to get rid of square roots:
distsq(p_c,p_1) = distsq(p_c,p_2) = distsq(p_c,p_3) = distsq(p_c,p_4) 

Plug in the variables into the distance formula, simplify, and the 
x^2_c, y^2_c, and z^2_c terms cancel out, leaving you with three 
linearly independent equations and three unknowns (x_c, y_c, z_c).  
Solve using your favorite method.  :)


All the best,

- John :)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. John S. Eickemeyer                 ::     "The Lord God is subtle,
Information Technology Institute      ::::     but malicious He is not."
National Computer Board, Singapore     ::
Email: johne@iti.gov.sg                ::                     - Albert Einstein
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: neideck@nestvx.enet.dec.com (Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

The 68070 is a variation of the 68010 that was done a few years ago by
the European partners of Motorola. It has some integrated I/O controllers
and half a MMU, but otherwise it's a 68010. Think of it the same as
the 8086 and 80186 were.

		Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz

Distributed Multimedia Group, CEC Karlsruhe          EERP Portfolio Manager
Software Motion Pictures & BERKOM II Project         Multimedia Base Technology
Digital Equipment Corporation
neidecker@nestvx.enet.dec.com


From: rcomg@melomys.co.rmit.oz.AU (Mark Gregory)
Subject: AVI file format?


Hi,
	would someone please email the new AVI file
	format.  I'm sure that many people would 
like to know what it is exactly.

Thank you


Mark Gregory Lecturer m.gregory@rmit.edu.au PH(03)6603243 FAX(03)6621060
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology,
Department of Communication and Electronic Engineering,
P.O. Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001. AUSTRALIA.
--
Mark Gregory Lecturer m.gregory@rmit.edu.au PH(03)6603243 FAX(03)6621060
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology,
Department of Communication and Electronic Engineering,
P.O. Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001. AUSTRALIA.

From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

dutc0006@student.tc.umn.edu writes in article <C5G7qB.BMp@news2.cis.umn.edu>:
> >
> >Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
> >support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
> >My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
> >due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)
> >
> >--
> >I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
> >             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)
> 
> 	Ahh no.  Possibly you punched in the wrong numbers on your
> calculator.  256 color modes take a byte per pixel so 640 time 480 is
> 307,200 which is 300k to be exact.  640x400x256 only takes 250k but I
> don't think it is a BIOS mode.  I wouldn't bet that all VGA cards can do
> that either.  If a VGA card has 512k I bet it can do both 640x400 and
> 640x480.  That by definition is SVGA, though not very high SVGA.
> 

Yes, I did punch in the wrong numbers (working too many late nites).  I
intended on stating 640x400 is 256,000 bytes.  It's not in the bios, just my
VESA TSR.

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

From: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter)
Subject: CView answers

A very kind soul has mailed me this reply for the bugs in CView.
Since he isn't in the position to post this himself, he asked me to post
it for him, but to leave his name out. So here it comes:

CView has quite a number of bugs.  The one you mention is perhaps the most
annoying, but not the most dangerous.  As far as I can determine, it has to
do with the temp files that CView creates.  CView gives the user no control
over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
"current directory".  The problem you mention occurs (as far as I can tell)
when it runs out of disk space for its temp files. It seems as if CView
doesn't check properly for this situation.  As Cview decodes a jpeg, it seems 
to write out a temp file with all the pixel data with 24 bit colour
information. Then, for 8 bit displays, it does the "dithering", again writing
another file with the 8 bit colour information.  While it is writing this
second file, it also writes the data to your colour card. Then when it does
the last chunk of 8 bit data, it recopies all the data from the 8 bit file to
your screen again.  (It does this last "recopy" operation for its
"fit to screen" feature, even when this feature is not enabled.)

 The result of this process is the following:
  
     1) If it runs out of disk space when writing the first 24 bit file, all
        you ever see is as much data as it has room for, and the last bit of
        data is simply repeated over and over again because CView never
        realizes the disk has filled up and disk writes/reads aren't performed.

     2) If it has enough room for the 24 bit data, but runs out of room for
        the 8 bit data, you see almost all of the picture as it does the
        dithering and writes to the screen card.
        However, then when it finishes the dithering and recopies the data
        from the 8 bit file to screen (for whatever reason it does this)
        one again just gets a repetition of the last chunk of data for which
        there was room on the disk.

This is just a guess, but probably fairly accurate.  At least the general
idea is on track I think, although I have probably made errors in details
about file I/O etc.  The way around this is  of course to clear up sufficient
disk space.  The temp files for large JPEG's (1200x900 and bigger) can be
very large (3 Meg + 1 Meg ).  On some of the largest I have needed in excess
of 6 Meg free disk space.


CView has a much more serious bug: if you are trying to display a file from
a floppy, and you change floppies while CView has some temp file open on the
floppy, then CView in certain circumstances will write the directory (and FAT
table? I can't remember) for the removed floppy onto the newly inserted
floppy, thus corruptimg the new floppy in a very serious, possibly
unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
program to do this.  On the other hand, when choosing files in the Open Files
menu, CView insists on doing a few disk reads every time one moves the
hi-lighter square.  Incredibly annoying when it could do them all at once
when it gets the directory info.  And really, how much effort does it take to
sort a directory listing?


With much thanks to the originator of this article.
 +=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=+
 |        Rene Walter          |          renew@stack.urc.tue.nl           |
 +-----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
 | "Will I drown in tears of sorrow, Is there hope for tomorrow,           |
 |  Will this world ever get better, Can't we all just live together       |
 |  I don't wanna live in strife  , I just wanna live my life              |
 |  I deserve to have a future..."                                         |
 |                                     -The Good Girls    "Future"         |
 +=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=+


From: camter28@astro.ocis.temple.edu (Carter Ames)
Subject: Re: alt.raytrace (potential group)




    Yes, please create the group alt.raytrace soon!!
I'm hooked on pov.
geez. like I don't have anything better to do....
OH!! dave letterman is on...

From: g.coulter@daresbury.ac.uk (G. Coulter)
Subject: SHADOW Optical Raytracing Package?

Hi Everyone ::

I am  looking for  some software  called SHADOW as 
far as  I know  its a   simple  raytracer  used in
the  visualization  of  synchrotron   beam  lines.
Now we have  an  old  version of the  program here
,but unfortunately we don't have any documentation
if anyone knows  where I  can  get  some  docs, or
maybe  a  newer  version  of  the program or  even 
another  program that does the same sort of  thing
I would love to hear from you.

PS I think SHADOW was written by a F Cerrina?

Anyone any ideas?

Thanks -Gary- SERC Daresbury Lab.

From: erich@fi.gs.com (Erich Schlaikjer)
Subject: character recognition

  Is there any program available (free or otherwise) for taking a tiff or gif
or some other bitmapped file and turning it (or parts of it) into ascii
characters?

  DOS, OS/2 or platform independent programs if possible.

  Thanks.

From: rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU (Richard Stoakley)
Subject: Need a good concave -> convex polygon algorithm

	We need a good concave ->convex polygon conversion routine.
I've tried a couple without much luck.  Please E-mail responses and I
will post a summary of any replies.  Thank you.

Richard Stoakley
rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU

From: greg@cs.uct.ac.za (Gregory Torrance)
Subject: Automatic layout of state diagrams

Hi,

I'm hoping someone out there will be able to help our computer science
project group. We are doing computer science honours, and our project
is to do a 'graphical simulator for a finite state automata'.

Basically, the program must draw a diagram of a FSA from a textual grammar,
showing circles for states, and labeled arc's in-between.

The problem is working out the best way to layout the states, and draw the
arc's in-between so that as few arc's as possible cross each other.

If anyone has any suggestions/algorithms/bug-free ready to compile C code :) 
that might help us, it would be much appreciated.

Thanks in advance,

Gregory

From: ehgasm2@uts.mcc.ac.uk (Simon Marshall)
Subject: How do I compensate for photographic viewpoint and distortion?

Hi to all out there.  We have this problem, and I'm not certain I'm solving it
in the correct way.  I was wondering if anyone can shed light on this, or point
me in the right place to look...

We have an X-ray imaging camera and a metallic tube with a cylindrical hole
passing through it at a right angle to the tube's axis:

                                                          |
                                     ||                   [ image
                                                          |
  X-ray source ]                     ||                   | screen
                            metallic || tube              |
                                     ||                   |
                                                          |

We know source--screen centre distance, radius of the tube, radius of the hole.

We do some calculations based on the image of the hole on the screen.  However,
the calculations are mathematically highly complex, and must assume that the
object's hole projects an image (resembling an ellipse if the tube is not
parallel to the screen) in the centre of the screen.  However, it is unlikely
that the object is placed so conveniently.  

Firstly, we must transform the major and minor axis of the ellipse.  I cannot
know what the angle between the tube and screen is.  Do I have to assume that
they are parallel to do the transformation?  How do I do this transformation?

Secondly, there is a distortion of the image due to the screen being planar
(the source--screen distance increases as we move away from the centre of the
screen).  How can I compensate the ellipse's axis for this image distortion?

So, please can anyone give us a few pointers here?  How do we transform the
image so it appears as it would if it were in the centre of the screen, and how
do I deal with distortion due to the shape of the screen?

We'd appreciate any help, either posted or emailed.

Thanks in advance, Simon.
-- 
Simon Marshall, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
  "Football isn't about life and death.  It's more important than that." Bill
Email: S.Marshall@cs.hull.ac.uk   Phone: +44 482 465951  Fax: 466666   Shankley

From: bob@black.ox.ac.uk (Bob Douglas)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <2406@hcrlgw92.crl.hitachi.co.jp> steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins) writes:
>In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>>
>>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  
>
>Wouldn't this require a hyper-sphere.  In 3-space, 4 points over specifies
>a sphere as far as I can see.  Unless that is you can prove that a point
>exists in 3-space that is equi-distant from the 4 points, and this may not
>necessarily happen.
>
>Correct me if I'm wrong (which I quite possibly am!)
>
>steve

Sorry!! :-)

Call the four points A, B, C and D. Any three of them must be
non-collinear (otherwise all three could not lie on the surface
of a sphere) and all four must not be coplaner (otherwise either
they cannot all lie on a sphere or they define an infinity of them).

A, B and C define a circle. The perpendicular bisectors of AB, BC
and CA  meet in a point (P, say) which is the centre of this circle.
This circle must lie on the surface of the desired sphere.

Consider the normal to the plane ABC passing through P. All points
on this normal are equidistant from A, B and C and its circle (in
fact it is a diameter of the desired sphere). Take the plane
containing this normal and D (if D lies on the normal any
plane containing the normal will do); this plane is at right angles
to the ABC one.

Let E be the point (there are normally two of them) on the circumference
of the ABC circle which lies in this plane. We need a point Q on the
normal such that EQ = DQ. But the intersection of the perpendicular
bisector of ED and the normal is such a point (and it exists since D is
not in the plane ABC, and so ED is not at right angles to the normal).


Algorithm:

Is the sphere well defined?
    (1) Check that A and B are not coincident (=> failure).
    (2) Find the line AB and check that C does not lie on it (=> failure).
    (3) Find the plane ABC and check that D does not lie in it (=> failure).
Yes. Find its centre.
    (1) Find the perpendicular bisectors of AB and AC.
    (2) Find their point of intersection (P).
    (3) Find the normal to the plane ABC passing through P (line N).
    (4) Find the plane containing N and D; find the point E on the
	ABC circle in this plane (if D lies on N, take E as A).
    (4) Find the perpendicular bisector of ED (line L)
    (5) Find the point of intersection of N and L (Q).
Q is the centre of the desired sphere


Pictures:

(1) In the plane ABC

			A


                                P
                 
                B                               C

(2) At right-angles to ABC, in the plane containing N and D

			E


                                                          D

    line N
    --------------------P-------------Q---------------------------


Numerically:

If ED << EP then Q will be very close to P (relative to the radius
of the ABC circle) and subject to error. It's best to choose D so
that the least of AD, BD and CD is larger than for any other choice.
-- 
Bob Douglas              Computing Services, University of Oxford
Internet:                bob@oxford.ac.uk
Address:                 13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN, UK
Telephone:               +44-865-273211

From: hugo@hydra.unm.edu (patrice cummings)
Subject: polygon orientation in DXF?


Hi.  I'm writing a program to convert .dxf files to a database
format used by a 3D graphics program I've written.  My program stores
the points of a polygon in CCW order.  I've used 3D Concepts a 
little and it seems that the points are stored in the order
they are drawn.

Does the DXF format have a way of indicating which order the 
points are stored in, CW or CCW?  Its easy enough to convert,
but if I don't know which way they are stored, I dont know 
which direction the polygon should be visible from.

If DXF doesn't handle this, can anyone recommend a workaround?
The best I can think of is to create two polygons for each one
in the DXF file, one stored CW and the other CCW.  But that
doubles the number of polygons and decreases speed...

Thanks in advance for any help,

Patrice
hugo@hydra.unm.edu 

From: mdpyssc@fs1.mcc.ac.uk (Sue Cunningham)
Subject: Fractals? What good are they ?

We have been using Iterated Systems compression board to compress 
pathology images and are getting ratios of 40:1 to 70:1 without too
much loss in quality. It is taking about 4 mins per image to compress,
on a 25Mhz 486 but decompression is almost real time on a 386 in software 
alone.

From: tiang@midway.ecn.uoknor.edu (Tiang)
Subject: Re: A Book I found... graphics

covlir@crockett1c.its.rpi.edu (Locks) writes:
Hello,

>I happened to spot an excellent book in a bookstore about 4 days ago,
>though!!!!!!  It is in C++ and assembly.  It teaches you the assembly
>as it goes along --so if you're like me and have no assembler experience,
>don't worry.  It has almost everything that I wanted to know and has
>-----WORKING----- code.

>--Rod Covlin--

	I just bought a copy.  I can't disagree that it is a very good
book.  But unfortunately I was looking for the same graphics feature
described in this book but _NOT_ in 640x480x16 or 320x200x256 mode. It
is easy to accomodate all the pixel "descriptor" (or color attributes)
in those modes into A0000-AFFFFF, but not in 640x480x256(which is what
I am interested in).  I haven't finish the book but I affraid the
author didn't talk much about this mode(or other SVGA modes).  If
anyone out there know any good book dealing with fast SVGA graphics
manupulation(scrolling, repainting, all other good stuff..) please
send me mail.  Programming guide to SVGA card is also welcome.

	Thanks in advance.


 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    
-- 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    

From: pest@konech.UUCP (Wolfgang Pest)
Subject: Speedstar 24 - how to program the TrueColor mode ?

Hello,
I purchased my new 486 with a NoName graphics card installed which is obviously 
Speedstar 24 compatible. Its name is "VGA 4000 TrueColor".
It is accompanied with some drivers and the utilities VMODE, XMODE and
at least one more MODE, as well as some drivers for Lotus, Windows, etc.
Only one of the drivers is told to provide the TrueColor mode, namely
the Windows 3.1 driver.
Nowhere else, except in the ad, is any pointer to the TrueColor mode.
Some articles in this group about the Speedstar 24 and some other facts
made me believe that my card is compatible to that one.

Does anybody out there know how this mode can be adjusted? How can I write
a driver which allows me to have 16.7 millions of colors with a resolution
of 640 x 480 with 45 Hz interlaced ?

Greetings,
    Wolfgang

From: sab@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
Subject: Info needed: 2D contour plotting

Hi Everyone--

  It's spend-the-money-before-it-goes-away time here at U.Florida
and we need to find some PC-based software that will do contour
plotting with irregular boundaries,i.e., a 2-D profile of a soil
                                    system with a pond superimposed
                /-----------------  on it.  We've given SURFER a
    POND      /                  |  trial run but it interpolates
            /                    |  contours out into the pond and/or
----------/                      |  creates artifacts at the borders.
|              SOIL              |  If anyone out there knows of a
|                                |  product, I'ld appreciate hearing
|________________________________|  about it.  If there is enough of
a response, I'll post a summary.  Thanks -- (and now back to lurking).

   Steve Bloom, Soil & Water Science, U.Fl (SAB@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU)

From: tiang@midway.ecn.uoknor.edu (Tiang)
Subject: VESA standard VGA/SVGA programming???

Hi,

	I have a few question about graphics programming in VGA/SVGA :

1. How VESA standard works?  Any documentation for VESA standard?

2. At a higher resolution than 320x200x256 or 640x480x16 VGA mode,
   where the video memory A0000-AFFFF is no longer sufficient to hold
   all info, what is the trick to do fast image manipulation?  I
   heard about memory mapping or video memory bank switching but know
   nothing on how it is implemented.   Any advice, anyone?  

3. My interest is in 640x480x256 mode.  Should this mode be called
   SVGA mode?  What is the technique for fast image scrolling for the
   above mode?  How to deal with different SVGA cards?


  Your guidance to books or any other sources to the above questions
would be greatly appreciated.  Please send me mail.


  Thanks in advance!



************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    
-- 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    

From: <RCB@SLACVM.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU>
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?


> From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)

> Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
> cnter and radius, exactly fitting those points?

The equation of the sphere through the 4 points (x1,y1,z1),...,(x4,y4,z4) is
  | x^2+y^2+z^2  x1^2+y1^2+z1^2  ...  x4^2+y4^2+z4^2 |
  |      x             x1        ...        x4       |
  |      y             y1        ...        y4       | = 0
  |      z             z1        ...        z4       |
  |      1             1         ...        1        |
When this 5 by 5 determininant is expanded on its first column you get the
equation in the form
  A(x^2+y^2+z^2) + Bx + Cy + Dz + E = 0
If you need the center and radius, jyst divide through by A (it cannot be
zero if the 4 given points form a non-degenerate tetrahedron) and complete
the square on x, y, and z to obtain
  (x-xc)^2 + (y-yc)^2 + (z-zc)^2 = r^2

rcb@slacvm.slac.stanford.edu (Bob Beach)

From: cormackj@access.digex.com (John Cormack)
Subject: Re: VESA on the Speedstar 24

I need a VESA driver for the Diamond Speedstar 24X that works. I've tried
several and none work for the hicolor modes.

John Cormack
Cormackj@access.digex.com




From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

In article <lsk1v9INN93c@caspian.usc.edu> zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:
>
>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 
>Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

There is a vast literature on Delaunay triangulations, literally
hundreds of papers.  A program is even provided with every copy of 
Mathematica nowadays.  You might look at this if you are interested in 
using it for creating 3D objects:

@article{Boissonnat5,
  author = "J.D. Boissonnat",
  title = "Geometric Structures for Three-Dimensional Shape Representation",
  journal = "ACM Transactions on Graphics",
  month = "October",
  year = {1984},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {266-286}
}


From: ukrphil@prlhp1.prl.philips.co.uk (M.J.Phillips)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

The 68070 _does_ exist. It's number was licensed to Philips to make their
own variant. This chip includes extra featurfes such as more I/O ports, 
I2C bus... making it more microcontroller like.

Because of the confusion with numbering (!), Philips other products in the
[range with the 68??? core have been given differend numbers like PCF...
or PCD7.. or something.

From: saz@hook.corp.mot.com (Scott Zabolotzky)
Subject: .GIF to .BMP

I'm not sure if this is the correct place to ask this question.  If not,
please forgive me and point me in the right direction.

Does anybody know of a program that converts .GIF files to .BMP files
and if so, where can I ftp it from?  Any help would be greatly 
appreciated.

Please respond via e-mail as I do not read this group very often.

Thanks...Scott


From: kewe@bskewe.atr.bso.nl (Cornelis Wessels)
Subject: Point within a polygon 


In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk> scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk writes:

  > 
  > I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
  > polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
  > information on the subject ?
  > 
  >                 Regards
  > 
  >                         Simon
  > 
/* +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Function    : PuntBinnenPolygoon                                  |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Auteur      : Cornelis Wessels                                    |
   |                                                                   |
   | Datum       : 11-01-1993                                          |
   |                                                                   |
   | Omschrijving: Bepaalt of de aangeboden VECTOR2D p binnen of op de |
   |               rand van het polygoon P valt.                       |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Wijzigingen : -                                                   |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ */

CLIBSTATUS PuntBinnenPolygoon ( POLYGOON *P, VECTOR2D *p )
  {
  VECTOR2D o, v, w;
  INDEX    aantal_snijpunten, N, n;

  aantal_snijpunten = 0;
  N                 = GeefPolygoonLengte(P);
  GeefPolygoonRandpunt ( P, N, &o );

  for ( n=1; n<=N; n++ )
    {
    GeefPolygoonRandpunt ( P, n, &v );

    if ( o.x >= p->x && v.x <  p->x ||
	 o.x <  p->x && v.x >= p->x  )
      {
      w.x = p->x;
      InterpoleerLineair ( &o, &v, &w );

      if ( w.x == p->x && w.y == p->y )
	return(CLIBSUCCES);
      else if ( w.y > p->y )
	aantal_snijpunten++;
      }

    KopieerVector2d ( &v, &o );
    }

  if ( aantal_snijpunten%2 == 0 )
    return(CLIBERBUITEN);
  else
    return(CLIBSUCCES);
  }

Cornelis Wessels
Krommenoord 14
3079 ZT  ROTTERDAM
The Netherlands
+31 10 4826394
kewe@bskewe.atr.bso.nl

From: dfegan@lescsse.jsc.nasa.gov (Doug Egan)
Subject: Re: Any graphics packages available for AIX ?

In <1993Apr8.122037.19260@sun1x.res.utc.com> mark@sun1x.res.utc.com (MARK STUCKY) writes:

>In <1pr9qnINNiag@tahko.lpr.carel.fi>, 
>   Ari Suutari (ari@tahko.lpr.carel.fi) wrote:

>   > Does anybody know if there are any good 2d-graphics packages
>   > available for IBM RS/6000 & AIX ? I'm looking for something
>   > like DEC's GKS or Hewlett-Packards Starbase, both of which
>   > have reasonably good support for different output devices
>   > like plotters, terminals, X etc.

   Try graPHIGS from IBM... It is an excellent package! :^)

Doug
 
--
 Doug Egan                                  "It's not what you got -
 Lockheed Engineering and Sciences Co.       It's what you give."          
 Houston, TX                                                  -Tesla      
 ***** email:  egan@blkbox.com  *****                                    

From: schultz@schultz.kgn.ibm.com (Karl Schultz)
Subject: Re: VESA standard VGA/SVGA programming???

|> 1. How VESA standard works?  Any documentation for VESA standard?

	The VESA standard can be requested from VESA:
	VESA
	2150 North First Street, Suite 440
	San Jose, CA 95131-2029

	Ask for the VESA VBE and Super VGA Programming starndards.  VESA
	also defines local bus and other standards.

	The VESA standard only addresses ways in which an application
	can find out info and capabilities of a specific super VGA
	implementation and to control the video mode selection
	and video memory access.

	You still have to set your own pixels.

|> 2. At a higher resolution than 320x200x256 or 640x480x16 VGA mode,
|>    where the video memory A0000-AFFFF is no longer sufficient to hold
|>    all info, what is the trick to do fast image manipulation?  I
|>    heard about memory mapping or video memory bank switching but know
|>    nothing on how it is implemented.   Any advice, anyone?  

	VESA defines a "window" that is used to access video memory.
	This window is anchored at the spot where you want to write,
	and then you can write as far as the window takes you (usually
	64K).  Windows have granularities, so you can't just anchor 
	them anywhere.  Also, some implementations allow two windows.

|> 3. My interest is in 640x480x256 mode.  Should this mode be called
|>    SVGA mode?  What is the technique for fast image scrolling for the
|>    above mode?  How to deal with different SVGA cards?

	This is VESA mode 101h.  There is a Set Display Start function
	that might be useful for scrolling.

|>   Your guidance to books or any other sources to the above questions
|> would be greatly appreciated.  Please send me mail.

	Your best bet is to write VESA for the info.  There have also
	been announcements on this group of VESA software.

-- 
Karl Schultz                             schultz@vnet.ibm.com
These statements or opinions are not necessarily those of IBM

From: tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:

> Hi Netters,
> 
> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
> 
> Can you please offer some recommendations?

It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.
	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
fast.

Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I define myself--tsa@cellar.org

From: tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin)
Subject: Questions about Plane Eqn method of Hidden Surface removal

What are the main advantages of this method?  I have seen it described, and
the algiorithm seems a  little bit long.  I developed my own method, which
requires that the points be in a counter-clockwise order, and returns
whether you are looking at the back or the front, similar to the plane eqn
method.  It uses few calculations however, basically it is several
comparisons.  The only disadvantage I see is that it must be done after the
transformation from view coordinates to coordinates to display on the
screen, which means that a little more calculation isneeded beforehand.  My
method basically figures out whether the points that will appear on the
screen are clockwise or counterclockwise.  When looking at the back of
something, the points occur in an opposite direction from the front, so
merely by figuring out which way the points go, you can tell whether you are
looking at the back or front of a 2d polygon.  Has anyone heard of this
method before?  It is so simple, I doubt i am the first to think of it.

Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I define myself--tsa@cellar.org

From: cliff@watson.ibm.com (cliff)
Subject: Reprints

I have a few reprints left of chapters from my book "Visions of the             
Future".  These include reprints of 3 chapters probably of interest to          
readers of this forum, including:                                               
                                                                                
1. Current Techniques and Development of Computer Art, by Franz Szabo           
                                                                                
2. Forging a Career as a Sculptor from a Career as Computer Programmer,         
by Stewart Dickson                                                              
                                                                                
3. Fractals and Genetics in the Future by H. Joel Jeffrey                       
                                                                                
I'd be happy to send out free reprints to researchers for scholarly             
purposes, until the reprints run out.                                           
                                                                                
Just send me your name and address.                                             
                                                                                
Thanks, Cliff  cliff@watson.ibm.com                                             

From: haston@utkvx.utk.edu (Haston, Donald Wayne)
Subject: Church related graphics

I am looking for some good quality graphics files which are
suitable for use in church-related presentations. I prefer vector,
but anything would be helpful.

If you know of bulletin boards which have collections of this nature, or
commercial products, please inform me by email:

HASTON@UTKVX.UTK.EDU

Wayne Haston




From: lau@auriga.rose.brandeis.edu (frankie t. k. lau)
Subject: PC fastest line/circle drawing routines: HELP!

hi all,

IN SHORT: looking for very fast assembly code for line/circle drawing
	  on SVGA graphics.

COMPLETE:
	I am thinking of a simple but fast molecular
graphics program to write on PC or clones. (ball-and-stick type)

Reasons: programs that I've seen are far too slow for this purpose.

Platform: 386/486 class machine.
	  800x600-16 or 1024x728-16 VGA graphics
		(speed is important, 16-color for non-rendering
		 purpose is enough; may stay at 800x600 for
		 speed reason.)
         (hope the code would be generic enough for different SVGA
          cards.  My own card is based on Trident 8900c, not VESA?)

What I'm looking for?
1) fast, very fast routines to draw lines/circles/simple-shapes
   on above-mentioned SVGA resolutions.
   Presumably in assembly languagine.
	Yes, VERY FAST please.
2) related codes to help rotating/zooming/animating the drawings on screen.
   Drawings for beginning, would be lines, circles mainly, think of
   text, else later.
   (you know, the way molecular graphics rotates, zooms a molecule)
2) and any other codes (preferentially in C) that can help the 
   project.

Final remarks;-
non-profit.  expected to become share-, free-ware.

	Any help is appreciated.
	thanks

-Frankie
lau@tammy.harvard.edu

PS pls also email, I may miss reply-post.

From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
|> Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
|> >   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
|> >a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
|> >like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
|> 
|> Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
|> especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
|> 68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

   Sean, the 68070 exists! :-)

|> 
|> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
|> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
|> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
|> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
|> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
|> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
|> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
|> dynamic material.
|> ========================================================================
|> Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
|> University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
|> P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
|> Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu


   Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
those for c.s.m.a :-) )

   I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had a
booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
(1.5).

   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 

   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.

   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
from memory!

   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?

   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.

   But for the sake of the posting about a computer doing it or not, I can
claim 320x200 (a tad more with overscan) being done in 256,000+ colors in 
my computer (not from the hardisk) at 30fps with Scala MM210.

   But I agree, if we consider MPEG stuff, I think a multimedia consumer
low-priced box has a lot of market... I just think 3DO would make it, 
no longer CD-I.

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

From: seth@north1.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: Oak Driver NEEDED (30d studio)


	Hi, I'm looking for the 3-D studio driver for the
	Oak card with 1 M of RAM.
	This would be GREATLY (and I mean that) appreciated

	Maybe I should have just gotten a more well know card.
thanks
seth@acpub.duke.edu

From: khan0095@nova.gmi.edu (Mohammad Razi Khan)
Subject: manipulating a hexagonal grid

Ok, lets say youve got a grid of hexagons

that go in a        10
                     9
                    10
                     9
                    etc..

for a total of 15 rows down

that means there are 10 hexagons in the 1st line,
9 lined up underneath in the second line
10 lined up underneath in the third line
9 lined up under neath in the fourht...



the problem is  given the center of any arbritrary hexagon, and a line with
and arbritrary slope, Which hexagons does that line cross through 
(The line doesn't necessarily have to cross through the center of other hexagon,it can even be a tangent and count).  Any helpers, my friend was baffeled
when trying to figure this.
:w

--
Mohammad R. Khan                /    khan0095@nova.gmi.edu
After July '93, please send mail to  mkhan@nyx.cs.du.edu



From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: .GIF to .BMP

Scott Zabolotzky (saz@hook.corp.mot.com) wrote:
: I'm not sure if this is the correct place to ask this question.  If not,
: please forgive me and point me in the right direction.

: Does anybody know of a program that converts .GIF files to .BMP files
: and if so, where can I ftp it from?  Any help would be greatly 
: appreciated.

: Please respond via e-mail as I do not read this group very often.

: Thanks...Scott

Sorry Scott, if you post it here, you can read it here.  There is a shareware
program available via anonymous FTP that will suit your needs.  You'll find 
it at OAK.OAKLAND.EDU  in the subdirectory pub/msdos/graphics.  The file is
called "GRFWK61T.ZIP."

TMC.
(tmc@spartan.ac.brocku.ca)



From: khan0095@nova.gmi.edu (Mohammad Razi Khan)
Subject: Looking for a good book for beginners

I wanted to know if any of you out there can recommend a good
book about graphics, still and animated, and in VGA/SVGA.

Thanks in advance

--
Mohammad R. Khan                /    khan0095@nova.gmi.edu
After July '93, please send mail to  mkhan@nyx.cs.du.edu



From: berger@chaos.cs.brandeis.edu (David Berger)
Subject: Need some Graphics Help!

Help!  I'm trying to program my VGA!  I've got it working
with in pascal with the following routines for mode $13h
(320*200*256).  I've got a VESA compatable Trident 8900C w/1meg
and need to program in 1024*768 mode.  I don't care how many colors.
 
Could someone take this code and help me write 2 new procedures to
replace them so that it'll work in 1024*768*16 or 1024*768*256?
 
That'd be GREAT!  Thanks...
 
Here is the code I currently have for 320*200*256 mode:
 
  Procedure GraphMode;
 
    Begin { VideoMode }
      Asm
        Mov  AH,00
        Mov  AL,13h
        Int  10h
      End;
    End;  { VideoMode }
 
  Procedure PlotPoint (x, y, c : Integer);
 
    Begin
      Mem[$A000:x+y*320]:=c;
    End;
 

-- 

					David

From: thinman@netcom.com (Technically Sweet)
Subject: What is reverse or negative video?

I'm interested in simulating reverse (or negative) color video
mathematically.  What is the transform?  Is it a simple
reversal of the hue value in the HSV color space?  Is it
a manipulation in the YUV color space?  How is it related
to solarization?

If you want to see something truly wild, turn on the
reverse video effect on a camcorder so equipped,
and point it at the monitor.  This creates a chaotic
dynamical system whose phase space is continuous along
rotation, zoom, focus, etc.  Very very surprising and 
lovely.  I'd like to write a simulation of this effect
without analog grunge.  Thanks for any info you may have.

Please e-mail any info to me.  I'll post a summary.

Thanks,

-- 

Lance Norskog
thinman@netcom.com
Data is not information is not knowledge is not wisdom.

From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Need a good concave -> convex polygon algorithm

In article <C5Juyz.ALy@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU (Richard Stoakley) writes:
>	We need a good concave ->convex polygon conversion routine.
>I've tried a couple without much luck.  Please E-mail responses and I
>will post a summary of any replies.  Thank you.
>
>Richard Stoakley
>rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU

The problem is not precisely defined above, but if you need to find
the smallest convex polygon that encloses a given polygon, then
you are seeking the convex hull of your original polygon.  There
are two ways to do this:  use a somewhat tricky but by-now well
examined linear-time algorithm that exploits the polygon boundary,
or just feed the vertices of the original polygon to a convex hull
routine and accept O(n log n).  Both methods are discussed in
Preparata and Shamos, for example.

From: brentb@tamsun.tamu.edu (Brent)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>
>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
>everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
>hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
>he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.

I think he wanted to avoid reinventing the wheel.
I would suggest that you take your code, and submit it to
comp.sys.mac.binaries to be distributed (including to the ftp sites). 
Many folks, myself included, would enjoy the extra code.

>	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
>can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
>find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
>choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
>fast.

Just to clarify, the 3D routines that are mentioned in various places
on the mac are in a libray, not the ROM of the mac.  A few years ago before
I knew anything about implementing graphics, I came across a demo of the
Apple GrafSys3D library and it actually did a lot.  However, it is quite
limited in the sense that it's a low-level 3D library; your code still has
to plot individual points, draw each line, etc ad nauseum.  It has nothing
on GL, for example, where you can handle objects.

Other things to consider when talking about Apple's old 3D GrafSys library:

* Unsupported;  never was and no plans exist to do so in the future

* Undocumented; unless you call header files documentation...

If one knows something about graphics, you could probably figure it out,
but I'd assume there's better software available that gives better
output and is, at the same time, programmatically nicer (i.e. easier to
program).

Just my 2% tax

-Brent


From: jian@coos.dartmouth.edu (Jian Lu)
Subject: Grayscale Printer

We are interested in purchasing a grayscale printer that offers a good
resoltuion for grayscale medical images.  Can anybody give me some
recommendations on these products in the market, in particular, those
under $5000?

Thank for the advice.

From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: WingCommanderII Graphics

   I was wondering if anyone knows where I can get more information about
the graphics in the WingCommander series, and the RealSpace system they use.
I think it's really awesome, and wouldn't mind being able to use similar
features in programs.  Thanks in advance.


Daemon


From: kuryakin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Rick Pavek)
Subject: VISION-3D site and email unavailable

I used the information provided in the recent resource listings and
tried to ftp to:

ccu1.aukland.ac.nz [130.216.1.5]:  ftp/mac/architec - *VISION-3D facet

and received an 'unknown host' message.

mail to Paul D. Bourke (pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz) bounces with basically
the same problem.

Where'd he go????

Rick

 

-- 
Rick Pavek                       | Never ask a droid to outdo its program.
kuryakin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com    |           
Seattle, WA                      |   It wastes your time
                                 |          and annoys the droid.  

From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 2/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part2
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 2/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993


14. Plotting packages
=====================

Gnuplot 3.2
-----------
  It is one of the best 2- and 3-D plotting packages, with
  online help.It's a command-line driven interactive function plotting utility
  for UNIX, MSDOS, Amiga, Archimedes, and VMS platforms (at least!).
  Freely distributed, it supports many terminals, plotters, and printers
  and is easily extensible to include new devices.
  It was posted to comp.sources.misc in version 3.0, plus 2 patches.
  You can practically find it everywhere (use Archie to find a site near you!).
  The comp.graphics.gnuplot newsgroup is devoted to discussion of Gnuplot.

Xvgr and Xmgr (ACE/gr)
-----------------------
  Xmgr is an XY-plotting tool for UNIX workstations using
  X or OpenWindows. There is an XView version called xvgr for
  Suns. Collectively, these 2 tools are known as ACE/gr.
  Compiling xmgr requires the Motif toolkit version 1.1
  and X11R4 - xmgr will not compile under X11R3/Motif 1.0x.

  Check at ftp.ccalmr.ogi.edu [129.95.72.34} in
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xmgr-2.09.tar.Z (Motif version)
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xvgr-2.09.tar.Z (XView version)

  Comments, suggestions, bug reports to Paul J Turner
  <pturner@amb4.ese.ogi.edu> (if mail fails, try pturner@ese.ogi.edu).
  Due to time constraints, replies will be few and far between.

Robot
-----
  Release 0.45 : 2-D and limited 3-D. Based on XView 3, written
  in C / Fortran (so you need a Fortran compiler or the f2c translator).
  Mainly tested on Sun4, less on DECstations. Check at
  ftp.astro.psu.edu (128.118.147.28),  pub/astrod.

VG plotting library
-------------------
  This is a library of Fortran callable routines at sunspot.ceee.nist.gov
  [129.6.64.151]

Xgobi
-----
  It's being developed at Bellcore, and its speciality are
  multidimensional data sets analysis and exploration. You can call it
  from the S language also, and it works as an X11 client using the Athena
  widget set (or with an ASCII terminal). It's distributed free of charge
  from STATLIB at CMU.
  To get it via e-mail, send email to statlib@temper.stat.cmu.edu and
  in the body area of the message, put the line

  send xgobi from general

  If you want to pick it via ftp, connect to lib.stat.cmu.edu. Log in as
  "statlib" and use your e-mail address as your password. Then type

  cd general
  mget xgobi.*

  Warning: It's about 2 MB sources + large Postscript manual. Read the
  relevant README to decide whether you need it or not.

PGPLOT
------
  Runs on VAX/VMS and supposedly on UNIX. It's a set of fortran routines freely
  available (though copyrighted and requiring a nominal fee of $50 or so)
  that includes contour plots and support for various devices, including ps.
  Contact tjp@deimos.caltech.edu

GGRAPH
------
  Host shorty.cs.wisc.edu [128.105.2.8] : /pub/ggraph.tar.Z
  Unknown more details.

epiGRAPH
--------
  For PCs. Call dvj@lab2.phys.lgu.spb.su (Vladimir J. Dmitriev) for details.
  You can get the program demo or (and) play version, if sent 10 $ to

        1251 Budapest posta fiok 60
        Hungary
        ph/fax 1753696  Budapest
        ph     2017760

Multiplot XLN
-------------
  For Amigas, shareware ($30 USD, #20 UK or $40 Aust.). Advanced 2D package
  that has a big list of features. Contact:

  Dr. Alan Baxter <agb16@mbuc.bio.cam.ac.uk>,
  Cambridge University
  Department of Pathology,
  Tennis Court Road,
  Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK


+Athena Plotter Widget set
+-------------------------
+  
+  This version V6.0 is based on Gregory Bond's version V5-beta. Added
+  some stuff for scientific graphs, i.e. log axes, free scalable axes,
+  XY-lineplots and some more, and re-added plotter callbacks from V4, e.g.
+  to request the current pointer position, or to cut off a rectangle from the
+  plotting area for zooming-in. Version V6.0 has a log of bugs fixed and a
+  log of improvements against V6-beta. Additionally I did some other
+  changes/extensions, besides 
+  
+      -     Origin and frame lines for axes.
+      -     Subgrid lines on subtic positions.
+      -     Line plots in different line types (lines, points, lines+points,
+       impulses, lines+impulses, steps, bars), line styles (solid, dotted,
+       dashed, dot-dashed) and marker types for data points.
+      -     Legend at the right or left hand side of the plot.
+      -     Optional drawing to a pixmap instead of a window.
+      -     Layout callback for aligning axis positions when using
+       multiple plotters in one application.
+  
+  Available at export.lcs.mit.edu, directory contrib/plotter
+
+SciPlot
+-------
+  SciPlot is a scientific 2D plotting and manipulation program. 
+  For the NeXT (requires NeXTStep 3.0), and it's shareware.
+
+  Features:
+  ASCII import and export;  EPS export; copy, cut, paste with data buffer;
+  free number of data points, data buffer, and document window;
+  selective open and save ; plotting in many styles; automatic legend;
+  subviews; linear and logarithmic axes; two different axes; text and graphic;
+  color support; zoom; normalizing and moving; axis conversions;
+  free hand data manipulations (cut, edit, move, etc.); data editor; sorting
+  of data; absolute,relative, and free defined error bars;
+  calculating with buffers (+, -, *, / ); background subtractions
+  (linear,shirley,tougaard, bezier); integration and relative integration;
+  fitting of one or more free defined functions; linear regression;
+  calculations (+, -, *, /, sin, cos, log, etc.); function generator;
+  spline interpolation; least square smooth and FFT smooth; differentiation;
+  FFT; ESCA calculations and database; .. and something more 
+
+  You can find it on:
+  ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de [130.149.17.7] : /pub/NeXT/science/SciPlot3.1.tar.Z
+
+  Author:
+  Michael Wesemann
+  Scillerstr. 73,1000 Berlin 12, Germany   
+  mike@fiasko.rz-berlin.mpg.de
+
+PLPLOT
+------
+  PLPLOT is a scientific plotting package for many systems, small (micro)
+  and large (super) alike.  Despite its small size and quickness,
+  it has enough power to satisfy most users, including:
+  standard x-y plots, semilog plots, log-log plots, contour plots, 3D plots,
+  mesh plots, bar charts and pie charts.  Multiple graphs (of the same or
+  different sizes) may be placed on a single page with multiple lines in each
+  graph.  Different line styles, widths and colors are supported.  A virtually
+  infinite number of distinct area fill patterns may be used.  There are
+  almost 1000 characters in the extended character set.  This includes four
+  different fonts, the Greek alphabet and a host of mathematical, musical, and
+  other symbols.  The fonts can be scaled to any size for various effects.
+  Many different output device drivers are available (system dependent),
+  including a portable metafile format and renderer.
+  
+  Freely available (but copyrighted) via anonymous FTP on
+  hagar.ph.utexas.edu, directory pub/plplot
+  
+  At present (v. 4.13), PLPLOT is known to work on the following systems:
+  
+  Unix:   SunOS, A/IX, HP-UX, Unicos, DG/UX, Ultrix
+  Other platforms: VMS, Amiga/Exec, MS-DOS, OS/2, NeXT
+  
+  Authors: Many. The main supporters are:
+  
+  Maurice LeBrun <mjl@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: PLPLOT kernel and the metafile,
+     xterm, xwindow, tektronix, and Amiga drivers.
+  Geoff Furnish <furnish@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: MS-DOS and OS/2 drivers
+  Tony Richardson <amr@egr.duke.edu>: PLPLOT on the NeXT
+
+SuperMongo
+----------
+  2-D plotting package at CMU, filename ~re00/tmp/SM.2.1.0.tar.Z
+  (probably under the ftp.cmu.edu or andrew.cmu.edu machines?)
+
+GLE
+---
+  GLE is a high quality graphics package for scientists.  It runs on a
+  variety of platforms (PCs, VAXes, and Unix) with drivers for XWindows,
+  REGIS, TEK4010, PC graphics cards, VT100s, HP plotters, Postscript
+  printers, Epson-compatible printers and Laserjet/Paintjet printers.  It
+  provides LaTEX quality fonts, as well as full support for Postscript
+  fonts.  The graphing module provides full control over all features of
+  graphs.  The graphics primitives include user-defined subroutines for
+  complex pictures and diagrams.
+
+  Accompanying utilities include Surface (for hidden line surface
+  plotting), Contour (for contour plots), Manip (for manipulation of
+  columnar data files), and Fitls (for fitting arbitrary equations to
+  data).
+
+  Mailing list: GLEList. Send a message to
+
+  listserver@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu, with a message boyd containing
+
+  sub glelist "Your Name"
+  
+ maintainer: Dean Pentcheff <dean2@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu>

==========================================================================

15. Image analysis software - Image processing and display
==========================================================

PC and Mac-based tools (multi-platform software)
======================

IMDISP
------
  IMDISP Written at JPL and other NASA sites. Can do simple display,
  enhancing, smoothing and so on. Works with the FITS and VICAR/PDS
  data formats of NASA. Can read TIFF images, if you know their dimensions
  [PC and Macs]

LabVIEW 2
---------
  LabVIEW is used as a framework for image processing tools. It provides a
  graphical programming environment using block diagram sketch is the
  "program" with graphical elements representing the programming elements.
  Hundreds of functions are already available and are connected using a
  wiring tool to create the block diagram (program).  Functions that the
  block diagrams represent include digital signal processing and
  filtering, numerical analysis, statistics, etc.  The tool allows any
  Virtual Instrument (VI, a software file that looks and acts like a real
  laboratory instrument) to be used as a part of any other virtual
  instrument.

  National Instruments markets plug-in digital signal processing (DSP)
  boards for Macintoshs and PC compatables that allow real-time
  acquisition and analysis at a personal computer.  New software tools for
  DSP are allowing engineers to harness the power of this technology. The
  tools range from low-level debugging software to high-level block
  diagram development software.  There are three levels of DSP programming
  associated with the NB-DSP2300 board and LabVIEW:
  Use of the NB-DSP2300 Analysis Library: FFTs, power spectra, filters
  routines callable from THINK C and Macintosh Programers Workshop (MPW) C
  that execute on the NB-DSP2300 board. There is an analysis Virtual
  Interface Library of ready-to-use VIs optimized for the NB-DSP2300.

  Use of the National Instruments Developers Toolkit that includes an
  optimizing C compiler, an assembler and a linker for low-level
  programming of the DSP hardware.  This approach offers the highest level
  of performance but is the must difficult in terms of ease of use.

  Use of the National Instruments Interface Kit software package which has
  utility functions for memory management data communications and
  downloading code to the NB-DSP2300 board. (This is the easiest route for
  the development of custom code.)

Ultimage Concept VI
-------------------
  Concept VI  by Graftek-France is a family of image processing Virtual
  Instruments (VIs) that give LabVIEW 2 (described above) users high-end
  tools for designing, integrating and monitoring imaging control systems.
  A VI is a software file that looks and acts like a real laboratory
  instrument. Typical applications for Concept VI include thermography,
  surveillance, machine vision, production testing, biomedical imaging,
  electronic microscopy and remote sensing.

  Ultimage Concept VI addresses applications which require further
  qualitative and quantitative analysis.  It includes a complete set of
  functions for image enhancement, histogram equalization, spatial and
  frequency filtering, isolation of features, thresholding, mathematical
  morphology analysis, density measurement, object counting, sizing and
  characterization.

  The program loads images with a minimum resolution of 64 by 64, a pixel
  depth of 8, 16, or 32 bits, and one image plane.  Standard input and
  output formats include PICT, TIFF, SATIE, and AIPD.  Other formats can
  be imported.

  Image enhancement features include lookup table transformations, spatial
  linear and non-linear filters, frequency filtering, arithmetic and logic
  operations, and geometric transformations, among others.  Morphological
  transformations include erosion, dilation, opening, closing, hole
  removal, object separation, and extraction of skeletons, among others.
  Quantitative analysis provides for objects' detection, measurement, and
  morphological distribution.  Measures include area, perimeter, center of
  gravity, moment of inertia, orientation, length of relevant chords, and
  shape factors and equivalence.  Measures are saved in ASCII format.  The
  program also provides for macro scripting and integration of custom
  modules.

  A 3-D view command plots a perspective data graph where image intensity
  is depicted as mountains or valleys in the plot.  The histogram tool can
  be plotted with either a linear or logarithmic scale. The twenty-eight
  arithmetic and logical operations provide for: masking and averaging
  sections of images, noise removal, making comparisons, etc.  There are
  13 spatial filters that alter pixel intensities based on local
  intensity.  These include high-pass filters for contrast and outlines.
  The frequency data resulting from FFT analysis can be displayed as
  either the (real , imaginary ) components or the (phase, magnitude)
  data.  The morphological transformations are useful for data sharpening
  and defining objects or for removing artifacts.

  The transformations include: thresholding, eroding, dilating and even
  hole filling.

  The program's quantitative analysis measurements include: area,
  perimeter, center of mass, object counts, and angle between points.

  GTFS, Inc. 2455 Bennett Valley Road #100C Santa Rosa, CA 95494
  707-579-1733

IPLab Spectrum
--------------
  IPLAB Spectrum supports image processing and analysis but lacks the
  morphology and quantitative analysis features provided by
  Graftek-FranceUs Ultimage Concept VI.  Using scripting tools, the user
  tells the system the operations to be performed. The problem is that far
  too many basic operations require manual intervention. The tool
  supports: FFTs, 16 arithmetic operations for pixel alteration, and a
  movie command for cycling through windows.


Macintosh-based tools
=====================

NCSA Image, NCSA PalEdit and more
---------------------------------
  NCSA provides a whole suite of public-domain visualization tools for the
  Macintosh, primarily aimed at researchers wanting to visualize results
  from numerical modelling calculations.  These applications,
  documentation, and source code are available for anonymous ftp from
  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu. Commercial versions of the NCSA programs have been
  developed by Spyglass.

  Spyglass, Inc. 701 Devonshire Drive Champaign, IL  61820 (217) 355-6000
  fax: 217 355 8925

NIH IMAGE
---------
  Available at alw.nih.gov (128.231.128.7) or (preferably)
  zippy.nimh.nih.gov [128.231.98.32], directory:/pub/image.
  It has painting and image manipulation tools, a macro language,
  tools for measuring areas, distances and angles, and for counting
  things. Using a frame grabber card, it can record sequences of
  images to be played back as a movie. It can invoke user-defined
  convolution matrix filters, such as Gaussian. It can import raw
  data in tab-delimited ASCII, or as 1 or 2-byte quantities. It also
  does histograms and even 3-D plots. It is limited to 8-bits/pixel,
  though the 8 bits map into a color lookup table. It runs on any Mac
  that has a 256-color screen and a FPU (or get the NonFPU version
  from zippy.nimh.nih.gov)

PhotoMac
--------
  Data Translation, Inc. 100 Locke Dr. Marlboro, MA 01752 508-481-3700

PhotoPress
----------
  Blue Solutions 3039 Marigold Place Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 805-492-9973

PixelTools and TCL-Image
------------------------
  "Complete family of PixelTools (hardware accelerator and applications
  software) for scientific image processing and analysis.  Video-rate
  capture, display, processing, and analysis of high-resolution
  monochromatic and color images.  Includes C source code."

TCL-Image:
  "Software package for scientific, quantitative image processing and
  analysis. It provides a complete language for the capture, enhancement,
  and extraction of quantitative information from gray-scale images.
  TCL_Image has over 200 functions for image processing, and contains the
  other elements needed in a full programming language for algorithm
  development -- variables and control structures.  It is easily
  extensible through "script" (or indirect command) files. These script
  files are simply text files that contain TCL-Image commands.  They are
  executed as normal commands and include the ability to pass parameters.
  The direct capture of video images is supported via popular frame
  grabber boards.  TCL-Image comes with the I-View utility that provides
  conversion between common image file types, such as PICT2 and TIFF."

  Perceptics 725 Pellissippi Parkway Knoxville, TN 37933 615-966-9200

Satellite Image Workshop
------------------------
  It comes with a number of satellite pictures (raw data) and does all
  sorts of image enhancing on it. You'll need at least a Mac II with co-
  processor; a 256 color display and a large harddisk. The program doesn't
  run under system 7.x.ATE1 V1

  In the documentation the contact address is given as:  Liz Smith, Jet
  Propulsion Laboratory, MS 300-323, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,.Pasadena, CA 91109
  (818) 354-6980

Visualization Workbench
-----------------------
  "An electronic imaging software system that performs interactive image
  analysis and scientific 2D and 3D plotting."

  Paragon Imagine 171 Lincoln St. Lowell, MA 01852 508-441-2112

Adobe Photoshop
---------------

  The tool supports Rtrue colorS with 24-bit images or 256 levels of grey
  scale.  Once an image has been imported it can be Rre-touchedS with
  various editing tools typical of those used in Macintosh-based RpaintS
  applications.  These include an eraser, pencil, brush and air brush.
  Advanced RpasteS tools that control the interaction between a pasted
  selection and the receiving site have also been incorporated.  For
  example, all red pixels in a selection can easily be preventing from
  being pasted. Photoshop has transparencies ranging from 0 to 100%,
  allowing you to create ghost overlays.  RPhoto-editingS tools include
  control of the brightness and contrast, color balancing, hue/saturation
  modification and spectrum equalization.  Images can be subjected to
  various signal processing algorithms to smooth or sharpen the image,
  blur edges, or locate edges.  Image scaling is also supported.

  For storage savings, the images can be compressed using standard
  algorithms, including externally supplied compression such as JPEG,
  availlable from Storm Technologies. The latest version of Adobe
  Photoshop supports the import of numerous image formats including: EPSF,
  EPSF, TIFF, PICT resource, Amiga IFF/ILBM, CompuServe GIF, MacPaint,
  PIXAR, PixelPaint, Scitex CT, TGA and ThunderScan..

  Adobe Systems, Inc. 1585 Charlestown Road PO Box 7900 Mountain View, CA
  94039-7900 415-961-4400

ColorStudio and ImageStudio
---------------------------
  ColorStudio is an image-editing and paint package from Letraset that has
  more features than Adobe Photoshop but is decidedly more complex and
  therefore more difficult to use.  Several steps are often required to
  accomplish that which can be done in a single step using Photoshop.  The
  application requires a great deal of available disk space as one can
  easily end up with images in the 30 MB range.  The program provides a
  variety of powerful selection tools including the "auto selection tool"
  which lets the user choose image areas on the basis of color, close
  hues, color range and mask.

ImageStudio: Don't know...

  Letraset USA 40 Eisenhower Drive Paramus, NJ 07653 201-845-6100

Dapple Systems
--------------
  "High resolution image analysis software provides processing tools to
  work with multiple images, enhance and edit, and measure a variety of
  global or feature parameters, and interpret the data."

  Dapple Systems, 355 W. Olive Ave, #100 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-733-3283

Digital Darkroom
----------------
  The latest release of Digital Darkroom has five new selection and
  editing tools for enhancing images. One such feature allows the user to
  select part of an image simply by "painting" it. A new polyline
  selection tool creates a selection tool for single pixel wide
  selections.  A brush lets the operator "paint" with a selected portion
  of the image. Note that this is not a true color image enhancement tool.
  This tool should be used when the user intends to operate in grey-scale
  images only.  It should be noted that Digital Darkroom is not as
  powerful as either Adobe Photoshop or ColorStudio.

  Silicon Beach Software 9770 Carroll Ctr. Rd., Suite J San Diego, CA
  92126 619-695-6956

Dimple
------
  It  is compatible with system 6.05 and system 7.0 , requires Mac LC or
  II series with 256 colours, with a recommended min of 6Mb of ram. It has
  the capability of reading Erdas files. Functions include; image
  enhancement, 3D and contour plots, image statistics, supervised and
  unsupervised classification, PCA and other image transformations. There
  is also a means (Image Operation Language or IOL) by which you can write
  your own transformations. There is no image rectification, however
  Dimple is compatable with MAPII. The latest version is 1.4 and it is in
  the beta stage of testing. Dimple was initially developed as a teaching
  tool and it is very good for this purpose."

  "Dimple  runs on a colour Macintosh.  It is a product still in its
  development phase.. i.e. it doesn't have all the inbuilt features of
  other packages, but is coming along nicely.  It has its own inbuilt
  language for writing "programs" for processing an image, defining
  convolution filters etc. Dimple is a full mac application with pull down
  menus etc... It is unprotected software."

  Process Software Solutions, PO Box 2110, Wollongong, New South Wales,
  Australia. 2500. Phone 61 42 261757  Fax 61 42 264190.

Enhance
-------
  Enhance has a RrulerS tool that supports measurements and additionally
  provides angle data. The tool has over 80 mathematical filter
  variations: "Laplacian, medium noise filter", etc.  Files can be saved
  as either TIFF, PICT, EPSF or text (however EPSF files can't be imported).

  MicroFrontier 7650 Hickman Road Des Moines, IA  50322 515-270-8109

Image Analyst
-------------
  An image processing product for users who need to extract quantitative
  data from video images.  Image Analyst lets users configure
  sophisticated image processing and measurement routines without the
  necessity of knowing a programming language.  It is designed for such
  tasks at computing number and size of cells in images projected by video
  cameras attached to microscopes, or enhancing and measuring distances in
  radiographs.

  Image Analyst provides users with an array of field-proven video
  analysis techniques that enable them to easily assemble a sequence of
  instructions to enhance feature appearance; count objects; determine
  density, shape, size, position, or movement; perform object feature
  extraction; and conduct textural analysis automatically.  Image Analyst
  works with either a framegrabber board and any standard video camera, or
  a disk-stored image.

  Within minutes, without the need for programming, the Image Analyst user
  can set up a process to identify and analyze any element of a image.
  Measurements and statistics can be automatically or semi-automatically
  generated from TIFF or PICT files or from captured video tape images.
  Image Analyst recognizes items in images based on their size, shape and
  position.  The tool provides direct support for the Data Translation and
  Scion frame grabbers. A menu command allows for image capture from a VCR
  video camera or other NTSC or PAL devices.

  There are 2 types of files, the image itself and the related Sequence
  file that holds the processing, measurements and analysis that the user
  defines.  Automated sequences are set up in Regions Of Interest (ROI)
  represented by movable, sizable boxes atop the image.  Inside a ROI, the
  program can find the distance between two edges, the area of a shape,
  the thickness of a wall, etc.  Image Analyst finds the center, edge and
  other positions automatically. The application also provides tools so
  that the user can work interactively to find the edge of object. It also
  supports histograms and a color look-up table (CLUT) tool.

  Automatix, Inc. 775 Middlesex Turnpike Billerica, MA 01821 508-667-7900

IPLab
-----
  Signal Analytics Corp. 374 Maple Ave. E Vienna, VA  22180 703-281-3277
  FAX 703-281-2509

  "Menu-driven image processing software that supports 24-bit color or
  pseudocolor/grayscale image display and manipulation."

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II distributed by John Wiley has
  integrated image analysis.

IMAGE
-----
  from Stanford : Try anonymous ftp from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
  It has pd source for image v2, and ready to run code for a mac under
  image v3.



Windows/DOS PC-based tools
==========================

CCD
---
  Richard Berry's CCD imaging book for Willamon-Bell contains (optional?)
  disks with image manipulating software.  Source code is included.

ERDAS
-----
  "ERDAS will do all of the things you want:  rectification,
  classification, transformations (canned & user-defined), overlays,
  filters, contrast enhancement, etc. ... I was using it on my thesis &
  then changed the topic a bit & that work became secondary."

  ERDAS, Inc. 2801 Buford Highway Suite 300 Atlanta, GA 30329 404-248-9000
  FAX   404-248-9400

RSVGA
-----
  "I have been getting up to speed on a program called RSVGA available from
  Eidetic Digital Image Ltd. in British Columbia.  Its for IBM PC's or
  clones, cheap (about $400) and does all the stuff Erdas does but is not
  as fast or as powerful, though I have had only limited experience with
  Erdas.  I have used RSVGA with 6 of 7 Landsat bands and it is a good
  starter program except for the obtuse manual"

IMAGINE-32
----------
  It's a 32 bit package [I suppose for PCs] called "Imagine32"
  or "Image32" The program does a modest amount of image processing --add,
  subtract, multiply, divide, display, and plot an x or y cut across the image.
  It can also display a number of images simultaneously.
  The company is CompuScope, in Santa Barbara, CA. 

PC Vista
--------
  It was announced in the 1989 August edition of PASP.  It is known to
  be available from Mike Richmond, whose email addresses have been

	richmond@bllac.berkeley.edu
	richmond@bkyast.berkeley.edu

  and his s-mail address is:

  Michael Richmond,Astronomy Department, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720

  The latest version of PC-Vista, version 1.7, includes not only the source
  code and help files, but also a complete set of executable programs and
  a number of sample FITS images. If you do wish to use the source code,
  you will need Microsoft C, version 5.0 or later; other compilers may work,
  but will require substantial modifications.

  To receive the documentation and nine double-density (360K) floppies
  (or three quad-density 3-1/2 inch floppies (1.44M) with everything on them,
  just send a request for PC-Vista, together with your name and a US-Mail
  address, to 

	Office of Technology Licensing
	2150 Shattuck Ave., Suite 510
	Berkeley, Ca. 94704

  Include a check (Traveller's Checks are fine) or purchase order for $150.00
  in U.S. dollars, if your address is inside the continental U.S., or $165.00
  otherwise, made out to Regents of the University of California
  to cover duplication and mailing costs.


SOFTWARE TOOLS
--------------
  It's a set of software "tools" put out by Canyon State
  Systems and Software. They are not free, but rather cheap at about $30 I
  heard. It will handle most all of the formats used by frame grabber
  software. 

MIRAGE
------
  It's image processing software written by Jim Gunn at the
  Astrophysics Dept at Princeton. It will run on a PC among other platforms.
  It is a Forth based system - i.e. a Forth language with many image
  processing displaying functions built in. 

DATA TRANSLATION SOURCE BOOK
----------------------------
  The Data Translation company in Massachusetts publishes a free book
  containing vendors of data analysis hardware and software which is
  compatible with Data Translation and other frame grabbers.
  Surely you can find much more PC-related stuff in it.

MAXEN386
--------
  A couple of Canadians have written a program named MAXEN386 which does
  maximum entropy image deconvolution. Their company is named Digital
  Signal Processing Software, or something like that, and the software is
  mentioned in an article in Astronomy Magazine, either Jan or Feb 92
  (an article on CCD's vs film). 

JANDEL SCIENTIFIC (JAVA)
------------------------
  Another software package (JAVA) is put out by Jandel Scientific. 
  Jandel Scientific, 65 Koch Road, Corte Madera, CA 94925, (415) 924-8640,
  (800) 874-1888.

Microbrian
----------
  Runs on an MS dos platform and uses a 32 bit graphics card
  (Vista), or an about to be released version will support a number of
  super VGA cards.  Its a full blown remote sensed data processing
  system.. It is menu driven (character based screen), but is does not use
  a windowed user interface. Its is hardware protected with a dongle.
  Mbrian = micro Barrier reef Image Anaysis System. It was developed by
  CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Organization) and is
  marketed/ supported by:

  MPA Australia (51 Lusher Road, Croydon, Victoria
  tel + 61 3 724 4488     fax  +61 3 724 4455)

  There are educational and commercial prices, but be prepared to set
  aside $A10k for the first educational licence.  Subsequent ones come
  cheaper (they need to!) It has installed sites worldwide.  It is widely
  used at ANU.

MicroImage
----------
  The remote sensing lab here at Dartmouth currently uses Terra-Mar's
  MicroImage, on 486 PCs with some fancy display hardware.

  Terra-Mar Resource Information Services, Inc.

  1937 Landings Drive Mountain View, CA  94043 415-964-6900   FAX
  415-964-5430

Unix-based tools
================

IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility)
--------------------------------------------
  Developed in the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Kitt Peak AZ
  It is free, you can ftp it from tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1]
  and complement it with STSDAS from stsci.edu [130.167.1.2].
  Email to iraf@noao.edu for more details.
  Apparently this is one of the _de facto_ standards in the astronomical
  image community. They issue a newsletter also.
  They seem to support very well their users. Works with VMS also last
  I heard, and practically has its own shell on top of the VMS/Unix shells.

  It's suggested that you get a copy of saoimage for display under X windows.
  Very flexible/extendable  -- tons (literally 3 linear feet) of
  documentation for the general user, skilled user, and programmer.

ALV
---
  A Sun-specific image toolkit.  Version 2.0.6 posted to
  comp.sources.sun on 11dec89.  Also available via email to
  alv-users-request@cs.bris.ac.uk.

AIPS
----
  Astronomical Image Processing System.  Contact: aipsmail@nrao.edu
  (also see the UseNet Newsgroups alt.sci.astro.aips and sci.astro.fits)
  Built by NRAO (National Radio Astronomy Observatory, HQ in Charlottesville,
  VA, sites in NM, AZ, WV).  Software distributed by 9-track, Exabyte, DAT,
  or (non-anonymous) internet ftp.  Documentation (PostScript mostly)
  available via anonymous ftp to baboon.cv.nrao.edu (192.33.115.103),
  directory pub/aips and pub/aips/TEXT/PUBL.  Installation requires building
  the system and thus a Fortran and C compiler.
     This package can read and write FITS data (see sci.astro.fits), and is
  primarily for reduction, analysis, and image enhancement of Radio Astronomy
  data from radio telescopes, particularly the Very Large Array (VLA), a
  synthesis instrument.  It consists of almost 300 programs that do everything
  from copying data to sophisticated deconvolution, e.g. via maximum entropy.
  There is an X11-based Image tool (XAS) and a tek-compatible xterm-based
  graphics tool built into AIPS.  The XAS tool is modelled after the hardware
  functionality of the International Imaging Systems model 70 display unit and
  can do image arithmetic, etc.
    The code is mostly Fortran 77 with some system C language modules, and is
  available for Suns, IBM RS/6000, Dec/Ultrix, Convex, Cray (Unicos), and
  Alliant with support planned for HP-9000/7xx, Solaris 2.1, and maybe SGI.
     There is currently a project - "AIPS++" - underway to rewrite the
  algorithmic functionality of AIPS in a modern setting, using C++ and an
  object oriented approach.  Whereas AIPS is proprietary code (licensed for
  free to non-profit institutions) owner by NRAO and the NSF, AIPS++ will be
  in the public domain at some level, as it is an international effort with
  contributions from the US, Canada, England, the Netherlands, India, and
  Australia to name a few. 

LABOimage
---------
  (version 4.0 is out for X11) It's written in C, and currently
  runs on Sun 3/xxx, Sun 4/xxx (OS3.5, 4.0 and 4.0.3) under SunView.
  The expert system for image segmentation is written in Allegro Common Lisp.
  It was used on the following domains: computer science (image analysis), 
  medicine, biology, physics. It is distributed free of charge (source code).
  Available via anonymous FTP at ftp.ads.com (128.229.30.16), in
  pub/VISION-LIST-ARCHIVE/SHAREWARE/LaboImage_*

  Contact: Prof. Thierry Pun, Computer Vision Group Computing Science Center,
  U-Geneva 12, rue du Lac, CH-1207 Geneva SWITZERLAND
  Phone : +41(22) 787 65 82; fax: +41(22) 735 39 05
  E-mail: pun@cui.unige.ch  or pun@cgeuge51.bitnet


Figaro
------
  It was originally made for VMS, and can be obtained from
  Keith Shortridge in Australia (ks@aaoepp.aao.gov.au)
  and for Unix from Sam Southard at Caltech (sns@deimos.caltech.edu).
  It's about 110Mbytes on a Sun.

KHOROS
------
  Moved to the Scientific  Visualization category below

Vista
-----
  The "real thing" is available via anonymous ftp from lowell.edu. Email to
  vista@lowell.edu for more details. Total size less than 20Mbytes.

DISIMP
------
  (Device Independent Software for Image Processing) is a powerful
  system providing both user friendliness and high functionality in
  interactive times.

  Feature Description

  DISIMP incorporates a rich library of image processing utilities and
  spatial data options. All functions can be easily accessed via the
  DISIMP executive. This menu is modular in design and groups image
  processes by their function. Such a logical structure means that
  complicated processes are simply a progression through a series of
  modules.

  Processes include image rectification, classification (unsupervised and
  supervised), intensity transformations, three dimensional display and
  Principal Component Analysis. DISIMP also supports the more simple and
  effective enhancement techniques of filtering, band subtraction and
  ratioing.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Running on UNIX workstations, DISIMP is capable of processing the more
  computational intensive techniques in interactive processing times.
  DISIMP is available in both Runtime and Programmer's environments. Using
  the Programmers environment, utilities can be developed for specific
  applications programs.

  Graphics are governed by an icon-based Display Panel which allows quick
  enhancments of a displayed image. Manipulations of Look Up Tables,
  colour stretches, changes to histograms, zooming and panning can be
  interactively driven through this control.

  A range of geographic projections enables DISIMP to integrate data of
  image, graphic and textual types. Images can be rectified by a number of
  coordinate systems, providing the true geographic knowledge essential
  for ground truthing. Overlays of grids, text and vector data can be
  added to further enhance referenced imagery.

  The system is a flexible package allowing users of various skill levels
  to determine their own working environment, including the amount of help
  required. DISIMP comes fully configured with no optional extras. The
  purchase price includes all functionality required for professional
  processing of remote sensed data.

  For further information, please contact:

  The Business Manager, CLOUGH Engineering Group Systems Division, 627
  Chapel Street, South Yarra, Australia 3141. Telephone:  +61 3 825 5555
  Fax:  +61 3 826 6463

Global Imaging Software
-----------------------
  "We use Global Imaging Software to process AVHRR data, from the dish to
  the final display. Select a chunk of five band data from a pass,
  automatic navigation, calibrate it to Albedo and Temp, convert that to
  byte, register it to predesigned window, all relatively automatically
  and carefree.

  It has no classification routines to speak of, but it isn't that
  difficult to write your own with their programmer's module.

  Very small operation: one designs, one codes, one sells. Been around for
  a number of years, sold to Weather Service and Navy.  Runs on HP9000
  with HP-UX.  Supports 24-bit display"

HIPS
----
(Human   Information   Processing Laboratory's Image Processing System)

  Michael Landy co-wrote and sell a general-purpose package for image
  processing which has been used for basically all the usual image
  processing applications (robotics, medical, satellite, engineering, oil
  exploration, etc.).  It is called HIPS, and deals with sequences of
  multiband images in the same way it deals with single images.  It has
  been growing since we first wrote it, both by additions from us as well
  as a huge user-contributed library.

  Feature description

  HIPS  is  a  set  of  image  processing  modules  which together provide
  a  powerful  suite  of  tools  for  those interested in research,
  system  development  and  teaching. It  handles  sequences  of  images
  (movies)  in precisely the same manner as single frames.

  Programs and subroutines have been developed  for simple image
  transformations, filtering, convolution, Fourier and other transform
  processing, edge detection  and line  drawing   manipulation, digital
  image compression and transmission  methods, noise generation, and image
  statistics computation. Over 150 such  image transformation programs
  have been developed.  As a result, almost any image processing  task
  can be performed quickly and conveniently. Additionally, HIPS allows
  users to easily integrate  their  own custom  routines.   New users
  become effective using HIPS on their first day.

  HIPS features images that are  self-documenting.   Each image stored  in
  the  system  contains  a  history  of the transformations that have been
  applied to that image.   HIPS includes  a  small  set of subroutines
  which primarily deals with a standardized  image sequence  header,  and
  a  large library  of  image  transformation tools in the form of UNIX
  ``filters''.  It comes complete with source  code,  on-line manual
  pages, and on-line documentation.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Originally  developed at  New  York  University,  HIPS  now represents
  one of the most extensive and flexible vision and image  processing
  environments currently available.  It runs under the UNIX operating
  system.  It is modular  and  flexible, provides automatic documentation
  of its actions, and is almost entirely independent of special equipment.
  HIPS is now in use on a variety of computers including Vax and
  Microvax, Sun, Apollo,  Masscomp,  NCR Tower, Iris, IBM AT, etc.
  For image display and input, drivers are supplied for the Grinnell and
  Adage (Ikonas) image processors, and the Sun-2, Sun-3, Sun- 4, and
  Sun-386i consoles.  We also  supply  user-contributed drivers  for  a
  number of  other framestores and windowing packages (Sun gfx, Sun
  console, Matrox VIP-1024, ITI IP-512, Lexidata,  Macintosh II, X
  windowing system, and Iris).  The Hipsaddon package includes an
  interface  for the  CRS-4000. It  is  a  simple matter to interface HIPS
  with other frame- stores, and we can put interested users in touch with
  users who  have interfaced HIPS with the Arlunya and Datacube Max-
  Video. HIPS can be easily adapted for other  image  display devices
  because 98% of HIPS is machine independent.

  Availability

  HIPS has proven itself a highly flexible  system,  both as  an
  interactive  research tool, and for more production- oriented tasks. It
  is both easy to use, and quickly adapted and extended to new uses. HIPS
  is supplied on magnetic tape in UNIX tar format (either reel- to-reel or
  Sun  cartridge), and comes with source code, libraries, a library of
  convolu- tion masks, and on-line documentation and manual pages.

  Michael Landy SharpImage Software P.O. Box 373, Prince Street Station
  New York, NY   10012-0007 Voice:  (212) 998-7857 Fax: (212) 995-4011
  msl@cns.nyu.edu


MIRA
----
[ Please DON'T confuse that with the Thalmanns animation system from
  Montreal. These are altogether different beasts! - nfotis ]

  MIRA stands for Microcomputer Image Reduction and Analysis.  MIRA gives
  workstation level performance on 386/486 DOS computers using SVGA cards in
  256 color modes up to 1024x768. MIRA contains a very handsome/functional
  GUI which is mouse and keystroke operated. MIRA reads/writes TIFF and FITS
  formats, native formats of a number of CCD cameras, and uncompressed binary
  images in byte, short integer, and 4-byte real pixel format in 1- or 2-
  dimensions. The result of an image processing operation can be short integer
  or real pixels, or the same as that of the input image. MIRA does the
  operation using short or floating point arithmetic to maintain the precision
  and accuracy of the pixel format. Over 100 functions are hand-coded in
  assembly language for maximum speed on the Intel hardware.  The entire
  graphical interface is also written in assembly language to maximize
  the speed of windowing operations.  Windows for 2-d image and 1-d image/data
  display and analysis have dedicated cursors which read position and value
  value in real time as you move the mouse.  There are also smooth, real time
  contrast and brightness stretch and panning of a magnified portion of
  the displayed image(s), all operated by the mouse. A wide selection of
  grayscale, pseudocolor, and random palettes is provided, and other 
  palettes can be generated.


Supported functions include such niceties as the following:

o  image & image: + - / * interpolation
o  image & constant: + - / *
o  unary operations: abs value, polynomial of pixel value, chs, 1/x, log,
   byteswap, clip values at upper/lower limits, short->real or real->short.
o  combine images by mean, median, mode, or sum of pixel values, with or
   without autoscaling to mean, median, or mode of an image section.
o  convolutions/filters: Laplacian, Sobel edge operator, directional gradient,
   line, Gaussian, elliptical and rectangular equal weight filters, unsharp
   masking, median filters, user defined filter kernel.  Ellipse, rectangle,
   line, gradient, Gaussian, and user defined filters can be rotated to
   any specified angle.
o  CCD data reduction: flat fielding, dark subtraction, column over/underscan
   bias removal, remove bad pixels and column defects, normalize to
   region target mean, median, or modal value.
o  create subimage, mosaic m x n 1-d or 2-d images to get larger image,
   collapse 2-d image into 1-d image.
o  plot 1-d section or collapsed section of 2-d image, plot histogram of
   region of an image.
o  review/change image information/header data, rename keywords, plot
   keyword values for a set of images.
o  luminance/photometry: elliptical or circular aperture photometry,
   brightness profile, isophotal photometry between set of upper & lower
   luminances, area and luminance inside traced polygon. Interactive
   background fitting and removal from part or all of image, fit elliptical
   aperture shape to image isophotes. 
o  interactive with 2-d image: contrast/brightness, x- y- or diagonal plot
   of pixel values, distance between two points, compute region stats,`
   centroid, pan to x,y location or image center, zoom 1/16 to 10 times,
   change cursor to rectangle crosshair, full image crosshair, or off, and
   adjust cursor size on image. Select linear, log or gamma transfer function
   or histogram equalization.
o  interactive or specified image offset computation and re-sampling for
   registration.
o  interactive with 1-d image: zoom in x- y- or both in steps of 1/2 or
   2 times current, re-center plot, or enlarge a framed area. 4 plot buffers
   can be cycled through. Interactive data analysis: polynomial fitting,
   point deletion, undelete, change value, point weighting, linear and
   quadratic loess and binomial smoothing, revert to unit point weights
   or original data buffer, substitute results into data buffer for pass
   back to calling function. Dump data buffer (+ overlays and error bars)
   to file or printer.  Change to user specified coordinate system.
o  Tricolor image combination and display, hardcopy halftone printout to
   HP-PCL compatible printers (Laserjet, deskjet, etc.)
o  Documentation is over 300 pages in custom vinyl binder.

  Cost: 995 $USD/copy

  Available from:

  Axiom Research, Inc.
  Box 44162
  Tucson, AZ  85733
  (602) 791-2864  phone/fax.

  international marketing rep: Saguaro Scientific Corporation, Tucson, Arizona.

==========================================================================

End of Part 2 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 3/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part3
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 3/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993


11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
======================================================

DEMs (Digital Elevation Models)
-------------------------------
  DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) as well as other cartographic data
  [huge] is available from spectrum.xerox.com [192.70.225.78], /pub/map.

  Contact:
  Lee Moore -- Webster Research Center, Xerox Corp. --
  Voice: +1 (716) 422 2496
  Arpa, Internet:  Moore.Wbst128@Xerox.Com
[ Check also on ncgia.ucsb.edu (128.111.254.105), /pub/dems -- nfotis ]

  Many of these files are also available on CD-ROM selled by USGS:
  "1:2,000,000 scale  Digital Line Graph (DLG) Data". Contains datas
  for all 50 states. Price is about $28, call to or visit in offices
  in Menlo Park, in Reston, Virginia (800-USA-MAPS).

  The Data User Services Division of the Bureau of the Census also has
  data on CD-ROM (TSO standard format) that is derived from USGS
  1:100,000 map data. Call (301) 763-4100 for more info or they have
  a BBS at (301) 763-1568.

[ From Dr.Dobbs #198 March 1993: ]

      "The U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, in cooperation with their counterpart
agencies in CANADA, the U.K., and Australia, have released the Digital Chart
of the World (DCW). This chart consists of over 1.5 gigabytes of reasonable
quality vector data distributed on four CD-ROMS. .... includes coastlines,
rivers, roads, railrays, airports,cities, towns, spot elevations, and depths,
and over 100,000 place names."

It is ISO9660 compatible and only $200.00 available from:

U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 25286
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225

Digital Distribution Services
Energy, Mines, and Resources Canada
615 Booth Street
Ottawa, ON
K1A 0E9 Canada

Director General of Military Survey
(Survey 3)
Elmwood Avenue
Feltham, Middlesex
TW13 7AH United Kingdom

Director of Survey, Australian Army
Department of Defense
Campbell Park Offices (CP2-4-24)
Campbell ACT 2601 Australia


Fractal Landscape Generators
----------------------------

Public Domain:

  Many people have written fractal landscape generators. for example
  for the Mac some of these generators were written by
  pdbourke@ccu1.aukuni.ac.nz (Paul D. Bourke).
  Many of the programs are available from the FTP sites and mail
  archive servers. Check with Archie.

Commercial:

  Vista Pro 3.0 for the Amiga from Virtual Reality Labs -- list price
  is about $100. Their address is:
	VRL
	2341 Ganador court
	San Luis Obispo,
	CA 93401
	Telephone or FAX (805) 545-8515

  Scenery Animator (also for the Amiga) is of the same caliber with Vista Pro 2.
  Check with:
	Natural Graphics
	P.O. Box 1963
	Raklin, CA 95677
	Phone (916) 624-1436

  Don't forget to ask about companion programs and data disks/tapes.

  Vista Pro 3 has been ported to the PCs.


CIA World Map II
----------------
[  NOTE: this database is quite out of date, and not topologically structured.
  If you need a standard for world cartographic data, wait for the
  Digital Chart of the World. This 1:1M database has been produced from
  the Defense Mapping Agency's ONCs and will be available, together with
  searching and viewing software, on a number of CD-ROMs later this summer. ]

  Check into HANAUMA.STANFORD.EDU and UCSD.EDU (see ftp list above)
  The CIA database consists of coastlines, rivers and political boundaries
  in the form of line strokes. Also on hanauma.stanford.edu is a 720x360
  array of elevation data, containing one ieee floating point number for
  every half degree longitude and latitude.
 
  A program for decoding the database, mfil, can be found on the machine
  pi1.arc.umn.edu (137.66.130.11).
  There's another program, which reads a compressed CIA Data Bank file and
  builds a PHIGS hierachical structure. It uses a PHIGS extension known as
  polyline sets for performance, but you can use regular polylines. Ask
  Joe Stewart <joes@lpi.liant.com>.
  The raw data at Stanford require the vplot package to be able to view it.
  (was posted in comp.sources.unix). To be more exact, you'll have to
  compile just the libvplot routines, not the whole package.

NCAR data
---------
  NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) has many types of
  terrain  data, ranging from elevation datasets at
  various resolutions, to information about soil types, vegetation, etc.
  This data is not free -- they charge from $40 to $90 or more, depending
  on the data volume and media (exabyte tape, 3480 cartridge, 9-track tape,
  IBM PC floppy, and FTP transfer are all available).  Their data archive
  is mostly research oriented, not hobbyist oriented.  For more information,
  email to ilana@ncar.ucar.edu.

UNC data tapes with voxel data
--------------
  There are 2 "public domain" tapes with data for the comparison and
  testing of various volume rendering algorithms (mainly MRI and CT
  scans). These tapes are distributed by the SoftLab of UNC @ Chapel Hill.
  (softlab@cs.unc.edu)

  The data sets (volume I and II) are also available via anonymous FTP from
  omicron.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159] in pub/softlab/CHVRTD

NASA
----
  Many US agencies such as NASA publish CD-ROMs with many altimetry data
  from various space missions, eg. Viking for Mars, Magellan for Venus,
  etc. Especially for NASA, I would suggest to call the following
  address for more info:

     National Space Science Date Center
     Goddard Space Flight Center
     Greenbelt, Maryland 20771
     Telephone: (301) 286-6695
     Email address:  request@nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov

  The data catalog (*not* the data itself) is available online.
  Internet users can telnet to nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov (128.183.10.4) and log
  in as 'NODIS' (no password).

  You can also dial in at (301)-286-9000 (300, 1200, or 2400 baud, 8 bits,
  no parity, one stop). At the "Enter Number:" prompt, enter MD and
  carriage return. When the system responds "Call Complete," enter a few
  more carriage returns to get the "Username:" and log in as 'NODIS' (no
  password).

  NSSDCA is also an anonymous FTP site, but no comprehensive list of
  what's there is available at present.

Earth Sciences Data
-------------------

  There's a listing of anonymous FTP sites for earth science data, including
  imagery. This listing is called "Earth Sciences Resources on Internet",
  and you can get it via anonymous FTP from csn.org [128.138.213.21]
  in the directory COGS under the name "internet.resources.earth.sci"

  Some sites include:
  aurelie.soest.hawaii.edu [128.171.151.121]: pub/avhrr/images - AVHRR images
  ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM  - images from
        Magellan and Viking missions etc.
        pub/SPACE/Index contains a listing of files available in the whole
        archive (the index is about 200K by itself). There's also an
        e-mail server for the people without Internet access: send a letter
        to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov (or ames!archive-server). In the
        subject of your letter (or in the body), use commands like:

        send SPACE Index
        send SPACE SHUTTLE/ss01.23.91

        (Capitalization is important! Only text files are handled by the
        email server at present)

  vab02.larc.nasa.gov [128.155.23.47]: pub/gifs/misc/landsat -
	Landsat photos in GIF and JPEG format
[ It was shut down - nfotis; anyone has a copy of this archive?? ]

Others
------
  Daily values of river discharge, streamflow, and daily weather data is
  available from EarthInfo, 5541 Central Ave., Boulder CO  80301.  These
  disks are expensive, around $500, but there are quantity discounts.
  (303) 938-1788.

  Check vmd.cso.uiuc.edu [128.174.5.98], the wx directory carries
  data regarding surface analysis, weather radar, and sat view pics in
  GIF format (updated hourly)

  pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217] is the Space and Planetary Image Facility
  (located on the University of New Mexico campus) FTP server. It provides
  Anonymous FTP access to >150 CD-ROMS  with data/images.

  A disk with earthquake data, topography, gravity, geopolitical info
  is available from NGDC (National Geophysical Data Center), 325 Broadway,
  Boulder, CO  80303.  (303) 497-6958.

  EOSAT (at least in the US) now sells Landsat MSS data older than two years
  old for $200 per scene, and they have been talking about a similar deal
  for Landsat TM data. The MSS data are 4 bands, 80 meter resolution.

  Check out anonymous FTP to ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in
  UNIX/PolyView/alpha-shape for a tool that creates convex hulls
  alpha-shapes (a generalization of the convex hull) from 3D point sets.

  The GRIPS II (Gov. Raster Image Processing Software) CD-ROM
  is available from CD-ROM Inc. at 1-800-821-5245 for $49.
  Code for viewing ADRG (Arc Digitised Raster Graphics) files is
  available on the GRIPS II CD-ROM. The U.S. Army Engineer 
  Topographic Labs (Juan Perez) code is also available via FTP
  ( adrg.zip archive in  spectrum.xerox.com )

NRCC range data
---------------
  Rioux M., Cournoyer L. "The NRCC Three-Dimensional Image Data Files",
  Tech. Report, CNRC 29077, National Research Council Canada,
  Ottawa, Canada, 1988
  [ From what I understand, these data are from a laser range finder,
   and you can a copy for research purposes ]

==========================================================================

12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data
===================================

a. Cyberware Labs, Monterey, CA, manufactures a 3D color laser digitizer
  which can be used to model parts of, or a complete, human body.
  They run a service bureau also, so they can digitize models for you.

  Address:
    Cyberware Labs, Inc
    8 Harris Ct, Suite 3D
    Monterey, CA 93940
  Phone: (408)373-1441, Fax: (408)373-3582

b. Polhemus makes a 6D input device (actually a couple of models)
  that senses position (3D) and *orientation* (+3D) based on electromagnetic
  field interference.  This equipment is also incorporated in the
  VPL Dataglove.
  This hardware is also called ISOTRACK, from Keiser Aerospace.

Ascension Technology makes a similar 3D input device.
There is a company, Applied Sciences(?), that makes a 3D input
device (position only) based on speed of sound triangulation.

c. A company that specializes in digitizing is Viewpoint. You can ask
   for Viewpoint's _free_ 100 page catalog full of ready to 
   ship datasets from categories such as cars, anatomy, aircraft,sports,
   boats, trains, animals and others. Though these objects are
   quite expensive, the cataloge is nevertheless of interest for it
   has pictures of all the available objects in wireframe , polygon mesh.

  Contact:

  Viewpoint,
  870 West Center,
  Orem, Utah 84057
  ph# 801-224-2222
  fax# 801-224-2272
  1-800-DATASET

------

  Some addresses for companies that make digitizers:

  Ascension Technology
  Bird, Flock of Birds, Big Bird: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 527,
  Burlington, VT 05402
  Phone: (802) 655-7879, Fax: (802) 655-5904

  Polhemus Incorporated
  Digitizer: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 560, Hercules Dr.
  Colchester, Vt. 05446
  Tel: (802) 655-3159

  Logitech Inc.
  Red Baron, ultrasonic 6D mouse
  6506 Kaiser Dr.
  Freemont, CA 94555
  Tel: (415) 795-8500w

  Shooting Star Technology
  Mechanical Headtracker
  1921 Holdom Ave.
  Burnaby, B.C. Canada V5B 3W4
  Tel: (604) 298-8574
  Fax: (604) 298-8580

  Spaceball Technologies, Inc.
  Spaceball: 6d stationary input device
  600 Suffolk Street
  Lowell, MA, 01854
  Tel: (508) 970-0330 
  Fax: (508) 970-0199
  Tel in Mountain View: (415) 966-8123 

  Transfinite Systems 
  Gold Brick: PowerGlove for Macintosh
  P.O. Box N
  MIT Branch Post Office
  Cambridge, MA 02139-0903
  Tel: (617) 969-9570
  email: D2002@AppleLink.Apple.com

  VPL Research, Inc.
  EyePhone: head-mounted display
  DataGlove: glove/hand input device
  VPL Research Inc.
  950 Tower Lane
  14th Floor
  Foster City, CA 94404
  Tel: (415) 312-0200
  Fax: (415) 312-9356

  SimGraphics Engineering
  Flying Mouse: 6d input device
  1137 Huntington Rd. Suite A-1
  South Pasadena, CA 91030-4563
  (213) 255-0900

========================================================================

13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
=========================================

 First, check in the FTP places that are mentioned in the FAQ or in the FTP
list above.

24-bit scanning:
----------------
  Get a good 24-bit scanner, like Epson's. Suggested is an SCSI port for
  speed. Eric Haines had a suggestion in RT News, Volume 4, #3 :
  scan textures for wallpapers and floor coverings, etc. from doll
  house supplies.
  So you have a rather cheap way to scan patterns that don't have
  scaling troubles associated with real materials and scanning area.

Books with textures:
--------------------
  Find some houses/books/magazines that carry photographic material.
  Educorp, 1-619-536-9999, sells CD-ROMS with various imagery - also
  a wide variety of stock art is available.
  Stock art from big-name stock art houses, such as Comstock,
  UNIPHOTO, and Metro Image Base, is available.

  In Italy, there's a company called Belvedere that makes such books
  for the purpose of clipping their pages for inclusion in your
  graphics work. Their address is:
	Edition Belvedere Co. Ltd.,
	00196 Rome Italy,
	Piazzale Flaminio, 19
	Tel. (06) 360-44-88, Fax (06)  360-29-60

Texture Libraries:
------------------
a. Mannikin Sceptre Graphics announced TexTiles, a set of 256x256 24-bit
   textures. Initial shipments in 24-bit IFF (for Amigas), soon in 24-bit
   TIFF format. Algorithmically built for tiled surfaces. SRP is $40 / volume
   (each volume = 40 images @ 10 disks). Demo disks for $5 are available.

   Contact:
   Mannikin Sceptre Graphics
   1600 Indiana Ave.
   Winter Park, FL 32789
   Phone: (407) 384-9484
   FAX: (407) 647-7242

b. ESSENCE is a library of 65 (sixty-five) new algoritmic textures for Imagine
   by Impulse, Inc. These textures are FULLY compatible with the floating point
   versions of Imagine 2.0, Imagine 1.1, and even Turbo Silver.
   Written by Steve Worley.

   For more info contact:
   Essence Info
   Apex Software Publishing
   405 El Camino Real Suite 121
   Menlo Park CA 94025 USA

[ What about Texture City ?? ]

==========================================================================

14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
========================================

a. Ray-Tracing:
---------------

  I assume you have a general understanding of Computer Graphics. No? Then read
  some of the books that the FAQ contains. For Ray-Tracing, I would
  suggest:
   An Introduction to Ray Tracing, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press
     1989, ISBN 0-12-286160-4
  Note that I have not read the book, but I feel that you can't be wrong
  using his book. An errata list was posted in comp.graphics by Eric Haines
  (erich@eye.com)

There's a more concise reference also:

  Roman Kuchkuda , UNC @ Chapel Hill: "An Introduction to Ray Tracing", in
  "Theoretical Foundations for Computer Graphics and CAD", ed. R.A.E.Earnshaw,
  NATO AS, Vol. F-40., pp. 1039-1060. Printed by Springer-Verlag, 1988.

It contains code for a small, but fundamentally complete ray-tracer.

b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
--------------------------

A good reference is:

        _Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics_, David F. Rogers,
        McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985, pages 265-272 and 280-284.

c. Others:
----------
???
[ More info is needed -- nfotis ]

========================================================================

15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
================================================

a. Teapot ?
-----------

"Displays on Display" column of IEEE CG&A Jan '87 has the whole
story about origin of the Martin Newell's teapot. The article also has
the bezier patch model and a Pascal program to display the wireframe
model of the teapot.

IEEE CG&A Sep '87 in Jim Blinn's column "Jim Blinn's Corner" describes
an another way to model the teapot; Bezier curves with rotations for
example are used.

The OFF and SPD packages have these objects, so you're advised to get
them to avoid typing the data yourself.  The OFF data is triangles at
a specific resolution (around 8x8[x4 triangles] meshing per patch).
The SPD package provides the spline patch descriptions and performs a
tessellation at any specified resolution.

b. Space Shuttle ?
------------------

Tolis Lerios <tolis@nova.stanford.edu> has built a list of Space Shuttle
datafiles. Here's a summary (From his sci.space list):

model1:
A modified version of the newsgroup model (model2)

406 vertices (296 useful, i.e. referred to in the polygon descriptions.)
389 polygons (233 3-vertex, 146 4-vertex, 7 5-vertex, 3 6-vertex).
Payload doors non-existent.
Units: unknown.

Simon Marshall (S.Marshall@sequent.cc.hull.ac.uk) has a copy. He
said there is no proprietary information associated with it.

model2:
The newsgroup model, in OFF format. You can find it in

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au , file pub/off/objects/shuttle.geo
hanauma.stanford.edu ,  /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics/objects/shuttle.data

model3:
The triangles' model.

This model is stored in several files, each defining portions of the model.

Greg Henderson (henders@infonode.ingr.com) has a copy.  He did
not mention any restriction on the model's distribution.

model4:
The NASA model.

The file starts off with a header line containing three real numbers,
defining the offsets used by Lockheed in their simulations:

<x offset> <y offset> <z offset>

From then on, the file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions

3473 vertices.
2748 polygons (407 3-vertex, 2268 4-vertex, 33 5-vertex, 14 6-vertex,
 10 7-vertex, 8 8-vertex, 8 12-vertex, 2 13-vertex, 2 15-vertex,
 17 16-vertex, 2 17-vertex, 2 18-vertex, 3 19-vertex, 8 24-vertex).
Payload doors closed.
Units: inches.

Jon Berndt (jon@l14h11.jsc.nasa.gov) seems to be responsible for the model
Proprietary info: unknown

model5:
The old shuttle model.

The file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions.

104 vertices.
452 polygons (11 3-vertex, 41 4-vertex).
Payload doors open.
Units: meters.

We have been using this model at STAR Labs, Stanford University, for
some years now. Contact me (tolis@nova.stanford.edu) or my supervisor
Scott Williams (scott@star5.stanford.edu) if you want a copy.

========================================================================

16. Image annotation software
=============================

a. Touchup runs in Sunview and is pretty good.  It reads in
  rasterfiles, but even if your image isn't normally stored
  in rasterfile format you could use screendump to make it a
  rasterfile.

b. Idraw (part of Stanford's InterViews distribution) can handle some
  image formats in addition to being a MacDraw like tool.  I'm not
  sure exactly what they are.
  You can ftp the idraw's binary from interviews.stanford.edu.

c. Tgif is another MacDraw like tool that can handle X11 bitmap (xbm)
  and X11 pixmap (xpm) formats.  If the image you have is in formats
  other than xbm or xpm, you can get the pbmplus toolkit to convert
  things like gif or even some Macintosh formats to xpm.
  Tgif's sources are available in the pub directory on cs.ucla.edu
  (Version 2.12 of tgif at patchlevel 7 plus patch8 and patch9)

d. Use the editimage facility of KHOROS (see below).
  This is just one utility in the overall system- you can essentially do all
  your image processing and macdraw-type graphics using this package.

e. You might be able to get by with PBMPlus.  pbmtext gives you text output
  bitmaps which can be overlaid on top of your image.

f. 'ice' requires Sun hardware running OpenWindows 3.It's a PostScript-based
  graphical editor,and it's available for anonymous ftp from Internet host
  eo.soest.hawaii.edu (128.171.151.12). Requires Sun C++ 2.0 and
  two other locally developed packages, the LXT library (an Xlib-based
  toolkit) and a small C++ class library. All files (pub/ice.tar.Z,
  pub/lxt.tar.Z and pub/ldgoc++.tar.Z) are available in compressed
  tar format. pub/ice.tar.Z contains a README that gives installation
  instructions, as well as an extensive man page (ice.1).
  A statically-linked compressed executable pub/ice-sun4.Z for
  SPARC systems is also available for ftp.

  All software is the property of Columbia University and may not
  be redistributed without permission.

  ice means Image Composition Environment and it's an imaging tool that
  allows raster images to be combined with a wide variety of
  PostScript annotations in WYSIWYG fashion via X11 imaging
  routines and NeWS PostScript rasterizing.

g. Use ImageMagick to annotate an image from your X server.  Pick the 
  position of your text with the cursor and choose your font and pen 
  color from a pull-down menu.  ImageMagick can read and write many
  of the more popular image formats.  ImageMagick is available as
  export.lcs.mit.edu: contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z or at your nearest
  X11 archive.

========================================================================

17. Scientific visualization stuff
==================================

X Data Slice (xds)
-------------------
  Bundled with the X11 distribution from MIT,
  in the contrib directory. Available at ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50]
  (either as a source or binaries for various platforms).

National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Tool Suite
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Platforms: Unix Workstations (DEC, IBM, SGI, Sun)
           Apple MacIntosh
           Cray supercomputers

Availability: Now available.  Source code in the public domain.
              FTP from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

Contact: National Center for Supercomputing Applications
         Computing Applications Building
         605 E. Springfield Ave.
         Champaign, IL 61820

Cost: Free (zero dollars).

The suite includes tools for 2D image and 3D scene analysis and visualization.
The code is actively maintained and updated.

Spyglass
--------
  They sell commercial versions of the NCSA tools. Examples are:

	Spyglass Dicer (3D volumetric data analysis package)
		Platform: Mac

	Spyglass Transform (2D data analysis package)
		Platforms: Mac, SGI, Sun, DEC, HP, IBM

  Contact:
  Spyglass, Inc.
  P.O. Box 6388
  Champaign, IL  61826
  (217) 355-6000

KHOROS 1.0 Patch 5
------------------
  Available via anonymous ftp at pprg.eece.unm.edu (129.24.24.10).
  cd to /pub/khoros to see what is available. It is HUGE (> 100 MB), but good.
  Needs Unix and X11R4. Freely copied (NOT PD), complete with sources
  and docs. Very extensive and at its heart is visual programming.
  Khoros components include a visual programming language, code
  generators for extending the visual language and adding new application
  packages to the system, an interactive user interface editor, an
  interactive image display package, an extensive library of image and
  signal processing routines, and 2D/3D plotting packages.

  See comp.soft-sys.khoros on Usenet and the relative FAQ for more info....

  Contact:

  The Khoros Group
  Room 110 EECE Dept.
  University of New Mexico
  Albuquerque, NM 87131

  Email: khoros-request@chama.eece.unm.edu


MacPhase
--------
  Analysis & Visualization Application for the Macintosh.
  Operates on 1D and 2D data arrays. Import/Export several different file
  formats.  Several different plotting options such as gray scale,
  color raster, 3D Wire frame, 3D surface, contour, vector, line, and
  combinations.  FFTs, filtering, and other math functions, color look up
  editor, array calculator, etc. Shareware, available via anonymous ftp from
  sumex-aim.stanford.edu in the info-mac/app directory.
  For other information contact Doug Norton (e-mail: 74017.461@@compuserve.com)


IRIS Explorer
-------------
  It's an application creation system developed by Silicon
  Graphics that provides visualisation and analysis functionality for
  computational scientists, engineers and other scientists. The Explorer
  GUI allows users to build custom applications without having to write
  any, or a minimal amount of, traditonal code. Also, existing code can
  be easily integrated into the Explorer environment. Explorer currently
  is available now on SGI and Cray machines, but will become available on
  other platforms in time. [ Bundled with every new SGI machine, as far as
  I know]

  See comp.graphics.explorer or comp.sys.sgi for discussion of the package.

  There are also two FTP servers for related stuff, modules etc.:

  ftp.epcc.ed.ac.uk [129.215.56.29]
  swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] - mirror of the UK site

apE
---
  Back in the 'old good days', you could get apE for nearly free.
  Now has gone commercial and the following vendor supplies it:

  TaraVisual Corporation
  929 Harrison Avenue
  Columbus, Ohio 43215
  Tel: 1-800-458-8731 and (614) 291-2912
  Fax: (614) 291-2867

        Cost:
  $895 (plus tax); runtime version with a site-license for a single user
  (at a time), no limit on the number of machines in a cluster.
  $895 includes support/maintenance and upgrades.
  Source code more.  Additional user licenses $360.

  The name of the package has become apE III (TM).
  Khoros is very similar to apE on philosophy, as are AVS and Explorer.

AVS
---
See also:
        comp.graphics.avs

Platforms: CONVEX, CRAY, DEC, Evans & Sutherland, HP, IBM, Kubota,
Set Technologies, SGI, Stardent, SUN, Wavetracer
Availability: AVS4 available on all the above:
  For all UNIX workstations.

Contact:
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc.
  300 Fifth Ave.
  Waltham, MA    02154

  (617)-890-4300   Telephone
  (617)-890-8287   Fax
  avs@avs.com      Email

  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. for: CRAY, HP, IBM, SGI, Stardent, SUN
  CONVEX for CONVEX
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or CRAY for CRAY
  DEC for DEC
  Evans & Sutherland for Evans & Sutherland
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or IBM for IBM
  Kubota Pacific Inc. for Kubota
  Set Technologies for Set Technologies
  Wavetracer for Wavetracer

  FTP Site: for modules, data sets, other info:
	avs.ncsc.org (128.109.178.23)

WIT
---
  In a nutshell it's a package of the same genre as AVS,Explorer,etc.
  It seems more a image processing system than a generic SciVi system (IMHO)
  Major elements are:

  - a visual programming language, which automatically exploits the inherent
        parallelism
  - a code generator which converts the graph to a standalone program

  Iconified libraries present a rich set of point, filter, io, transform,
  morphological, segmentation, and measurement operations.
  A flow library allows graphs to employ broadcast, merge,
  synchronization, conditional, and sequencing control strategies.

  WIT delivers an object-oriented, distributed, visual programming
  environment which allows users to rapidly design solutions to their
  imaging problems. Users can consolidate both software and hardware
  developments within a complete CAD-like workspace by adding their
  own operators (C functions), objects (data structures), and servers
  (specialized hardware). WIT runs on Sun, HP9000/7xx, SGI and supports
  Datacube MV-20/200 hardware allowing you to run your graphs in real-time.

  For a free WIT demo disk, call, FAX, or e-mail (poon@ee.ubc.ca)
  us stating your complete name, address, voice, FAX, e-mail info.
  and desired platform.

  Pricing: WIT for Sparc, one yr. free upgrades, 30 days
  technical support....................$5000 US

  Academic institutions: discounts available


  Contact:
  Logical Vision Ltd.
  Suite 108-3700 Gilmore Way
  Burnaby, B.C., CANADA
  V5G 4M1
  Tel: 604-435-2587
  Fax: 604-435-8840

  Terry Arden <poon@ee.ubc.ca>

VIS-5D
------
  A system for visually exploring the output of 5-D gridded data sets
  such as those made by weather models. Platforms:

    SGI IRIS with VGX, GTX, TG, or G graphics,
    SGI Crimson or Indigo (R4000, Elan graphics suggested), IRIX 4.0.x
    IBM RS/6000 with GL graphics, AIX version 3 or later;
    Stardent GS-1000 and GS-2000 (with TrueColor display)

  In any case, 32 (or more) MB of RAM are suggested.

  You can get it freely (thanks to NASA support) via anonymous ftp:

 ftp iris.ssec.wisc.edu  (or ftp 144.92.108.63), then

  ftp> cd pub/vis5d
  ftp> ascii
  ftp> get README
  ftp> bye

 NOTE: You can find the package also on wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
 graphics/graphics/packages directory.

  Read section 2 of the README file for full instructions
  on how to get and install VIS-5D.

  Contact:
  Bill Hibbard (whibbard@vms.macc.wisc.edu)
  Brian Paul (bpaul@vms.macc.wisc.edu)

DATAexplorer (IBM)
------------------
  Platforms : IBM Risc System 6000, IBM POWER Visualization Server
        (SIMD mesh 32 i860s, 40 MHz)

  Working on (announced) : SGI, HP, Sun

  Contact:
  Your local IBM Rep.  For a trial package ask your rep to contact :

  David Kilgore
  Data Explorer Product Marketing
  YKTVMH(KILCORE), (708) 981-4510

Wavefront
---------
  Data Visualizer, Personal Visualizer, Advanced Visualizer.
  Platforms: SGI, SUN, IBM RS6000, HP, DEC

  Availability:
    Available on all the above platforms from Wavefront
    Technologies.  Educational programs and site licenses are
    available.

  Contacts:
    Mike Wilson (mike@wti.com)

    Wavefront Technologies, Inc.
    530 East Montecito Street
    Santa Barbara, CA 93103
    805-962-8117
    FAX: 805-963-0410

    Wavefront Europe
    Guldenspoorstraat 21-23
    B-9000 Gent, Belgium
    32-91-25-45-55
    FAX: 32-91-23-44-56

    Wavefront Technologies Japan
    17F Shinjuku-sumitomo Bldg
    2-6-1  Nishi-shinjuku, Shunjuku-Ku
    Tokyo 168 Japan
    81-3-3342-7330
   FAX 81-3-3342-7353


PLOT3D and FAST from NASA Ames
------------------------------
  These packages are distributed from COSMIC at least
  (for FAST ask Pat Elson <pelson@nas.nasa.gov> for
  distribution information). In general, these codes are for US
  citizens only :-(

XGRAPH
------
  On the contrib tape of X11R5. Its specialty is display of up
  to 64 data sets (2D).

NCAR
----
  National Center for Atmospheric Research. One of the original graphics
  packages. Runs on Sun, RS6000, SGI, VAX, Cray Y-MP, DecStations, and more.

  Contact:
	Graphics Information
	NCAR Scientific Computing Division
	P.O. Box 3000
	Boulder, CO   80307-3000
	(303)-497-1201
	scdinfo@ncar.ucar.edu

  Cost:
	.edu
	$750 Unlimited users

	.gov
	$750 1 user
	$1500 5 users
	$3000 25 users

	.com users multiply .gov * 2.0

IDL
---
  An environment for scientific computing and visualization.
  Based on an array oriented language, IDL includes 2D and 3D
  graphics, matrix manupulation, signal and image processing,
  basic statistics, gridding, mapping, and a widget based system
  for building GUI for IDL applications (Open Look, Motif, or
  MS-Windows).

  Environments:  DEC (VMS and Ultrix), HP, IBM RS6000, SGI, Sun,
          Microsoft Windows.  (Mac version in progress)
  Cost:  $1500 to $3750, Educational and quantity discounts
          available.
  See also:   comp.lang.idl-pvwave (the IDL-PVWAVE bundle)
  Contact:    Research Systems Inc.
              777 29th Street, Suite 302
              Boulder, CO  80303
              Phone:  303-786-9900
              FAX:    303-786-9909
              E-mail: info@rsinc.com
  Demo available via FTP.  Call or E-mail for details.

IDL/SIPS
--------
  "A lot of people are using IDL with a package called SIPS. This was
  developed at the University of Colorado (Boulder) by some people working
  for Alex Goetz.  You might try contacting them if you already have IDL
  or would be willing to buy it.  It's a few thousand dollars (American) I
  expect for IDL and the other should be free.  Those are the general
  purpose packages I've heard of, besides what TerraMar has.
  SIPS _was_ written for AVIRIS imagery.  I'm not sure how general purpose
  it is.  You would have to contact Goetz or one of his people and ask.  I
  have another piece of software (PCW) that does PC and Walsh
  transformations with pseudocoloring and clustering and limited image
  modification (you can compute an image using selected components).  I've
  used it on 70 megabyte AVIRIS images without problems, but for the best
  speed you need an external DSP card.  It will work without it, but large
  images take quite a while (50-70 times as long) to process.  That's a
  freebie if you want it"

  "My  favorite is IDL (Interactive Data Language) from Research Systems,
  Inc.  IDL is in my opinion, much better and infinitely easier. Its
  programming language is very strong and easy -- very Pascal-like. It
  handles the number-crunching very well, also. Personally, I like doing
  the number-crunching with IDL on the VAX (or Mathematica, Igor, or even
  Excel on the Mac if it's not too hairy), then bringing it over to NIH
  Image for the imaging part. I have yet to encounter any situation which
  that combination couldn't handle, and the speed and ease of use
  (compared to IRAF) was incredible. By the way, it's mostly astronomical
  image processing which I've been doing. This means image enhancement,
  cleaning up bad lines/pixels, and some other traditional image
  processing routines. Then, for example, taking a graph of intensity
  versus position along a line I choose with the mouse, then doing a curve
  fit to that line (which I might do like in KaleidaGraph.) "

[ For IDL call Research Systems , for PV-WAVE call Precision Visuals and
 for SIPS call University of Colorado @ Boulder . From what I can
 understand, you can get packaged programs from Research Systems, though
 -- nfotis ]

Visual3
-------
  contact Robert Haimes, MIT

FieldView
---------
 An interactive program designed to assist an engineer in
 investigating fluid dynamics data sets.          

 Platforms:  SGI, IBM, HP, SUN, X-terminals

 Availability:  Currently available on all of the above
       platforms.  Educational programs and volume 
       discounts are available.

 Contact:

 Intelligent Light 
 P.O. Box 65
 Fair Lawn, NJ 07410
 (201)794-7550
        
 Steve Kramer (kramer@ilight.com)


SciAn
------
  SciAn is primarily intended to do 3-D visualizations of data in an 
  interactive environment with the ability to generate animations using
  frame-accurate video recording devices.  A user manual, on-line help, and
  technical notes will help you use the program.

  Cost : 0 (Free), source code provided via ftp.
  Platforms : SGI 4D machines and IBM RS/6000 with the GL card + Z-buffer

  Where to find it:
  ftp.scri.fsu.edu [144.174.128.34] : /pub/SciAn
	A mirror is monu1.cc.monash.edu.au [130.194.1.101] : /pub/SciAn

SCRY
----
[ From the README : ]

      Scry is a distributed image handling system  that  pro-
 vides image transport and compression on local and wide area
 networks, image viewing on workstations, recording on  video
 equipment,  and  storage on disk.  The system can be distri-
 buted among workstations, between supercomputers and  works-
 tations,  and between supercomputers, workstations and video
 animation controllers.  The system is most commonly used  to
 produce  video based movie displays of images resulting from
 visualization of time dependent data, complex 3D data  sets,
 and  image  processing  operations.   Both  the  clients and
 servers run on a variety of systems that provide UNIX-like C
 run-time environments, and 4BSD sockets.
 
 The source is available for anonymous ftp:
 
 csam.lbl.gov [128.3.254.6] : pub/scry.tar.Z
 
 Contact:
 
 Bill Johnston, (wejohnston@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!johnston)

       or

 David Robertson (dwrobertson@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!davidr)
 
 Imaging Technologies Group
 MS 50B/2239
 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
 1 Cyclotron Road
 Berkeley, CA  94720


SVLIB / FVS
-----------
  SVLIB is an X-Windows widget set based on the OSF (Open Software 
  Foundation) Motif widget set. SVLIB widgets are macro-widgets 
  comprising lower level Motif widgets such as buttons, scrollbars, 
  menus, and drawing areas. It is designed to address the reusability 
  of 2D visualization routines and each widget in the library is an 
  encapsulation of a specific visualization technique such as colormap 
  manipulation, image display, and contour plotting. It is targetted
  to run on UNIX workstations supporting OSF/Motif. Currently, only 
  color monitors are supported. Since SVLIB is a collection of widgets 
  developed in the same spirit as the OSF/Motif user interface widget 
  set, it integrates seamlessly with the Motif widgets. Programmers 
  using SVLIB widgets see the same interface and design as other 
  Motif widgets.

  FVS is a visualization software for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 
  simulations.  FVS is designed to accept data generated from these
  simulations and apply various visualization techniques to present these
  data graphically. 
  FVS accepts three-dimensional multi-block data recorded in NCSA HDF format.

 iti.gov.sg [192.122.132.130] : /pub/svlib (Scientific Visualization)
      /pu/fvs; These directories contain demo binaries for Sun4/SGI

  Cost : US$200 for academic and US$300 for non-academic institutions.
  (For each of the above items). You're getting the source for the licence.

  Contact
  -------
  Miss Quek Lee Hian
  Member of Technical Staff
  Information Technology Institute
  National Computer Board
  NCB Building
  71, Sicence Park Drive
  Singapore 0511
  Republic of Singapore
  Tel : (65)7720435
  Fax : (65)7795966
  Email : leehian@iti.gov.sg


---------------------------------------------------------
GVLware Distribution:
        Bob  - An interactive volume renderer for the SGI
        Raz  - A disk based movie player for the SGI
        Icol - Motif color editor
---------------------------------------------------------

The Army High Performance Computing Research Center (AHPCRC) has been
developing a set of tools to work with large time dependent 2D and 3D
data sets.  In the Graphics and Visualization Lab (GVL) we are using
these tools along side standard packages, such as SGI Explorer and the
Utah Raster Toolkit, to render 3D volumes and create digital movies.
A couple of the more general purpose programs have been bundled into a
package called "GVLware".

GVLware, currently consisting of Bob, Raz and Icol, is now available
via ftp.  The most interesting program is probably Bob, an interactive
volume renderer for the SGI.  Raz streams raster images from disk to
an SGI screen, enabling movies larger than memory to be played.  Icol
is a color map editor that works with Bob and Raz.  Source and
pre-built binaries for IRIX 4.0.5 are included.

To acquire GVLware, anonymous ftp to:
        machine - ftp.arc.umn.edu
        file    - /pub/gvl.tar.Z

To use GVLware:
        mkdir gvl ; cd gvl
        zcat gvl.tar.Z | tar xvf -
        more README

Some Bob features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Renders 64 cubed data set in 0.1 to 1.0 seconds on a VGX
        Alpha Compositing and Maximum Value rendering, in perspective
            (only Maximum Value rendering on Personal Iris)
        Data must be a "Brick of Bytes", on a regularly spaced grid
        Animation, subvolumes, subsampling, stereo

Some Raz features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Loads files to a raw disk partition, then streams to screen
            (requires an empty disk partition to be set aside)
        Script interface available for movie sequences
        Can stream from memory, like NCSA XImage
        
Some Icol features:
        Motif interface
        Easy to create interpolated color maps between key points
        RGB, HSV and YUV color spaces, multiple file formats
        Communicates changes automatically to Bob and Raz
        Has been tested on SGI, Sun, DEC and Cray systems

BTW:    Bob  == Brick of Bytes
        Icol == Interpolated Color
        Raz  == ? (just a name)

Please send any comments to
        gvlware@ahpcrc.umn.edu

This software collection is supported by the Army Research Office
contract number DAALO3-89-C-0038 with the University of Minnesota Army
High Performance Computing Research Center.


IAP
---
  Imaging Applications Platform is a commercial package for medical and
  scientific visualization. It does volume rendering, binary surface
  rendering, multiplanar reformating, image manipulation, cine sequencing,
  intermixes geometry and text with images and provides measurement and
  coordinate transform abilities.

  It can provide hardcopy on most medical film printers, image database
  functionality and interconnection to most medical (CT/MRI/etc) scanners.

  It is client/server based and provides an object oriented interface. It
  runs on most high performance workstations and takes full advantage of
  parallelism where it is available. It is robust, efficient and
  will be submitted for FDA approval for use in medical applications.

  Cost: $20K for OEM developer, $10K for educational developer
  and run times starting at $8900 and going down based on quantity.

  The developer packages include two days training for two people in Toronto.

  Available from:

  ISG Technologies
  6509 Airport Road
  Mississauga, Ontario,
  Canada, L4V-1S7

  (416) 672-2100
  e-mail: Rod Gilchrist <rod@isgtec.com>

========================================================================

18. Molecular visualization stuff
=================================

[ Based on a list from cristy@dupont.com < Cristy > , which asked for
 systems for displaying Molecular Dynamics, MD for short ]

Flex
----
  It is a public domain package written by Michael Pique, at The Scripps
  Research Institute, La Jolla, CA. Flex is stored as a compressed,
  tar'ed archive (about 3.4MB) at perutz.scripps.edu [137.131.152.27], in
  pub/flex. It displays molecular models and MD trajectories.

MacMolecule
-----------
  (for Macintosh). I searched with Archie, and the most
  promising place is sumex-aim.stanford.edu (info-mac/app, and
  info-mac/art/qt for a demo)

MD-DISPLAY
----------
  Runs on SGI machines. Call Terry Lybrand (lybrand@milton.u.washington.edu).

XtalView
--------
  It is a crystallography package that does visualize molecules and much more.
  It uses the XView toolkit.
  Call Duncan McRee <dem@scripps.edu>

landman@hal.physics.wayne.edu:
-----------------------------
  I am writing my own visualization code right now.  I look at MD output
  (a specific format, easy to alter for the subroutine) on PC's.  My
  program has hooks into GKS.  If your friend has access to Phigs for X
  (PEX) and fortran bindings, I would be happy to share my evolving code
  (free of charge).  Right now it can display supercells of up to 65
  atoms (easy to change), and up to 100 time steps, drawing nearest
  neighbor bonds between 2 defining nn radii.  It works acceptably fast
  on a 10Mhz 286.

icsg0001@caesar.cs.montana.edu:
------------------------------
  I did a project on Molecular Visualization for my Master's Thesis, using
  UNIX/X11/Motif which generates a simple point and space-filling model.

KGNGRAF
-------

KGNGRAF is part of MOTECC-91. Look on malena.crs4.it (156.148.7.12),
in pub/motecc.

motecc.info.txt          Information about MOTECC-91 in plain ascii format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.troff        Information about MOTECC-91 in troff format.
motecc.form.troff        MOTECC-91 order form in troff format.
motecc.license.troff     MOTECC-91 license agreement in troff format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.ps           Information about MOTECC-91 in PostScript format.
motecc.form.ps           MOTECC-91 order form in PostScript format.
motecc.license.ps        MOTECC-91 license agreement in PostScript format.


ditolla@itnsg1.cineca.it:
------------------------
  I'm working on molecular dynamic too.  A friend of mine and I have

  developed a program to display an MD run dynamically on Silicon
  Graphics.  We are working to improve it, but it doesn't work under X,
  we are using the graphi. lib. of the Silicon Gr. because they are much
  faster then X.  When we'll end it we'll post on the news info about
  where to get it with ftp. (Will be free software).

XBall V2.0
----------
  Written by David Nedde. Call daven@maxine.wpi.edu.

XMol
----
  An X Window System program that uses OSF/Motif  for  the
  display and  analysis  of  molecular  model data.  Data from several
  common file formats can be read and written; current formats include:
  Alchemy, CHEMLAB-II, Gaussian, MOLSIM, MOPAC, PDB, and MSCI's XYZ
  format (which has been designed  for  simplicity  in  translating to
  and from other formats). XMol also allows for conversion between
  several of these formats.
  Xmol is available at ftp.msc.edu. Read pub/xmol/README for
  further details.

INSIGHT II
----------
  from BIOSYM Technologies Inc.

SCARECROW
---------
  The program has been published in J. Molecular Graphics 10
  (1992) 33. The program can analyze and display CHARMM, DISCOVER, YASP
  and MUMOD trajectories. The program package contains also software for
  the generation of probe surfaces, proton affinity
  surfaces and molecular orbitals from an extended Huckel program.
  It works on Silicon Graphics machines.
  Contact Leif Laaksonen <Leif.Laaksonen@csc.fi or laaksone@csc.fi>

MULTI
-----
ns.niehs.nih.gov [157.98.8.8] : /pub - MULTI 3.0 (Multi-Process
		Molecular Modeling Suite)

+MindTool
+--------
+  It runs under SunView, and requires a fortran compiler and Sun's CGI
+  libraries. MindTool is a tool  provided  for  the  interactive  graphic
+  manipulation  of  molecules  and  atoms. Currently, up to 10,000
+  atoms may be input.
+  Available via anonymous FTP, at rani.chem.yale.edu, directory
+  /pub/MindTool ( Check with Archie for other  sites if that's too far )

[ I would also suggest looking at least in SGI's Applications Directory.
 It contains many more packages - nfotis ]

===========================================================================

19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)
===================================================

GRASS
-----
  (Geographic Resource Analysis Support System) of the US Army
  Construction Engineering Research Lab (CERL). It is a popular geographic and
  remote sensing image processing package. Many may think of GRASS as a
  Geographic Information System rather than an Image Processing package,
  although it is reported to have significant image processing
  capabilities.

  Feature Descriptions

  I use GRASS  because it's public domain and can be obtained through the
  internet for free.  GRASS runs in Unix and is written in C.  The source
  code can be obtained through an anonymous ftp from the Office of Grass
  Integration.  You then compile the source code for your machine, using
  scripts provided with GRASS.  I would recommend GRASS for someone who
  already has a workstation and is on a limited budget. GRASS is not very
  user-friendly, compared to Macintosh software." A first review  of
  overview documentation indicates that it looks useful and has some pixel
  resampling functions not in other packages plus good general purpose
  image enhancement routines (fft). Kelly Maurice at Vexcel Corp. in
  Boulder, CO is a primary user of GRASS .  This gentleman has used the
  GRASS software and developed multi-spectral (238 bands ??) volumetric
  rendering, full color, on Suns and Stardents. It was a really effective
  interface.  Vexcel Corp. currently has a contract to map part of Venus
  and convert the Magellan radar data into contour maps. You can call them
  at (303) 444-0094 or email care of greg@vexcel.com 192.92.90.68

  Host Configuration Requirements

  If you are willing to run A/UX you could install GRASS   on a Macintosh
  which has significant image analysis and import capabilities for
  satellite data. GRASS  is public-domain, and can run on a high-end PC
  under UNIX. It is raster-based, has some image-processing capability,
  and can display vector data (but analysis must be done in the raster
  environment). I have used GRASS V.3 on a SUN workstation and found it
  easy to use. It is best, of course, for data that are well represented
  in raster (grid-cell) form.

  Availability

  CERL's Office of Grass Integration (OGI)  maintains an ftp server:
  moon.cecer.army.mil (129.229.20.254).

  Mail regarding this site should be addressed to
  grass-ftp-admin@moon.cecer.army.mil.

  This location will be the new "canonical" source for GRASS software, as
  well as bug fixes, contributed sources, documentation, and other files.
  This FTP server also supports dynamic compression and uncompression and
  "tar" archiving of files.  A feature attraction of the server is John
  Parks' GRASS tutorial.  Because the manual is still in beta-test stage,
  John requests that people only acquire it if they are willing to review
  it and mail him comments/corrections. The OGI is not currently
  maintaining this document, so all correspondence about it should be
  directed to grassx@tang.uark.edu

  Support

  Listserv mailing lists:

  grassu-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS users; application-level
  questions, support concerns, miscellaneous questions, etc) Send
  subscribe commands to grassu-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  grassp-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS programmers; system-level
  questions and tips, tricks, and techniques of design and implementation
  of GRASS applications) Send subscribe commands to
  grassp-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  Both lists are maintained by the Office of Grass Integration (subset of
  the Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Lab in
  Champaign, IL). The OGI is providing the lists as a service to the
  community; while OGI and CERL employees will participate in the lists,
  we can make no claim as to content or veracity of messages that pass
  through the list.  If you have questions, problems, or comments, send
  E-mail to lists-owner@amber.cecer.army.mil and a human will respond.

Microstation Imager
-------------------
  Intergraph (based in Huntsville Alabama) sells a wide range of GIS
  software/hardware. Microstation is a base  graphics package that Imager
  sits on top of. Imager is basically an  image processing package with a
  heavy GIS/remote sensing flavor.

  Feature Description

  Basic geometry manipulations: flip, mirror, rotate, generalized affine.
  Rectification: Affine, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th order models as well as a
  projective model (warp an image to a vector map or to another image).
  RGB to IHS and IHS to RGB conversion.  Principal component analysis.
  Classification: K-means and isodata.  Fourier Xforms: Forward, filtering
  and reverse.  Filters: High pass, low pass, edge enhancing, median,
  generic.  Complex Histogram/Contrast control.  Layer Controller: manages
  up to 64 images at a time -- user can extract single bands from a 3 band
  image or create color images by combining various individual bands, etc.

  The package is designed for a remote sensing application (it can handle
  VERY LARGE images) and there is all kinds of other software available
  for GIS applications.
  Host Configuration Requirements

  It runs on Intergraph Workstations (a Unix machine similar to a Sun)
  though there  were rumors (there are always rumors) that the software
  would be  ported to PC and possibly a Sun environment.

PCI
---
  A company called PCI, Inc., out of Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada, makes
  an array of software utilities for processing, manipulation, and use of
  remote sensing data in eight or ten different "industry standard"
  formats: LGSOWG, BSQ, LANDSAT, and a couple of others whose titles I
  forget.  The software is available in versions for MS-DOS, Unix
  workstations (among them HP, Sun, and IBM), and VMS, and quite possibly
  other platforms by now.  I use the VMS version.

  The "PCI software" consists of several classes/groups/packages of
  utilities, grouped by function but all operating on a common "PCI
  database" disk file.  The "Tape I/O" package is a set of utility
  programs which read from the various remote-sensing industry tape
  formats INTO, or write those formats out FROM, the "PCI database" file;
  this is the only package I use or know much about.  Other packages can
  display data from the PCI database to one or another of several
  PCI-supported third-party color displays, output numeric or bitmap
  representation of image data to an attached printer, e.g. an Epson-type
  dot-matrix graphics printer.  You might be more spe- cifically
  interested in the mathematical operations package: histo- gram and
  Fourier analysis, equalization, user-specified operations (e.g.
  "multiply channel 1 by 3, add channel 2, and store as channel 5"), and
  God only knows what all else -- there's a LOT.  I don't have and don't
  use these, so can't say much about them; you only buy the packages your
  particular application/interest calls for.

  Each utility is controlled by from one to eight "parameters," read from
  a common "parameter file" which must be (in VMS anyway) in your "default
  directory."  Some utilities will share parameters and use the same
  parameter for a different purpose, so it can get a bit confusing setting
  up a series of operations.  The standard PCI environment contains a
  scripting language very similar to IBM-PC BASIC, but which allows you to
  automate the process of setting up parameters for a common, complicated,
  lengthy or difficult series of utility executions.  (In VMS I can also
  invoke utilities independently from a DCL command procedure.)  There's
  also an optional programming library which allows you to write compiled
  language programs which can interface with (read from/write to) the PCI
  data structures (database file, parameter file).

  The PCI software is designed specifically for remote-sensing images, but
  requires such a level of operator expertise that, once you reach the
  level where you can handle r-s images, you can figure out ways to handle
  a few other things as well.  For instance, the Tape I/O package offers a
  utility for reading headerless multi-band (what Adobe PhotoShop on the
  Macintosh calls "raw") data from tape, in a number of different
  "interleave" orders. This turns out to be ideal for manipulating the
  graphic-arts industry's "CT2T" format, would probably (I haven't tried)
  handle Targa, and so on. Above all, however, you HAVE TO KNOW WHAT
  YOU'RE DOING or you can screw up to the Nth degree and have to start
  over.  It's worth noting that the PCI "database" file is designed to
  contain not only "raster" (image) data, but vectors (for overlaying map
  information entered via digitizing table), land-use, and all manner of
  other information (I observe that a remote-sensing image tape often
  contains all manner of information about the spectral bands, latitude,
  longitude, time, date, etc. of the original satellite pass; all of this
  can go into the PCI "database").

  I _believe_ that on workstations the built-in display is used.  On VAX
  systems OTHER than workstations PCI supports only a couple of specific
  third-party display systems (the name Gould/Deanza seems to come to
  mind).  One of MY personal workarounds was a display program which would
  display directly from a PCI "database" file to a Peritek VCT-Q (Q-bus
  24-bit DirectColor) display subsystem.  PCI software COULD be "overkill"
  in your case; it seems designed for the very "high end"
  applications/users, i.e. those for whom a Mac/PC largely doesn't suffice
  (although as you know the gap is getting smaller all the time).  It's
  probably no coincidence that PCI is located in Canada, a country which
  does a LOT of its land/resource management via remote sensing; I believe
  the Canadian government uses PCI software for some of its work in these
  areas.

SPAM (Spectral Analysis Manager)
--------------------------------
  Back in 1985 JPL developed something called SPAM (Spectral Analysis
  Manager) which got a fair amount of use at the time.  That was designed
  for Airborne Imaging Spectrometer imagery (byte data, <= 256 pixels
  across by <= 512 lines by <= 256 bands); a modified version has since
  been developed for AVIRIS (Airborne VIsual and InfraRed Imaging
  Spectrometer) which uses much larger images.

  Spam does none of these things (rectification, classification, PC and
  IHS transformations, filtering, contrast enhancement, overlays).
  Actually, it does limited filtering and contrast enhancement
  (stretching).  Spam is aimed at spectral identification and clustering.

  The original Spam uses X or SunView to display.  The AVIRIS version may
  require VICAR, an executive based on TAE, and may also require a frame
  buffer.  I can refer you to people if you're interested.  PCW requires X
  for display.

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II is distributed by John Wiley.

CLRview
-------
  CLRview is a 3-dimensional visualization program designed to exploit
  the real-time capabilities of Silicon Graphics IRIS computers.

  This program is designed to provide a core set of tools to aid in the
  visualization of information from CAD and GIS sources.  It supports
  the integration of many common but disperate data sources such as DXF,
  TIN, DEM, Lattices, and Arc/Info Coverages among others.

  CLRview can be obtained from explorer.dgp.utoronto.ca (128.100.1.129) 
  in the directory pub/sgi/clrview.

  Contact:
  Rodney Hoinkes
  Head of Design Applications
  Centre for Landscape Research
  University of Toronto
  Tel:   (416) 978-7197
  Email: rodney@dgp.utoronto.ca

==========================================================================

End of Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 1/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part1
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 1/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993

Many FAQs, including this Listing, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing the keyword "help" (without
quotes!) in the message body.

You can see in many other places for this Listing. See the item:

0. Places to find the Resource Listing

for more information.

Items Changed:
--------------

RE-ARRANGED the subjects, in order to fir better in the 63K/article limit.
I PLAN ON CHANGING HEADERS SOON, SO BE CAREFUL! ONLY THE "Resource Listing"
keys are sure to remain in the Subject: line!

0. Places to find the Resource Listing
6.  3D graphics editors
   a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
9. Plotting packages
18. Molecular visualization stuff

[ I'm thinking of making this post bi-weekly. What do you think??? ]

--------------

Lines which got changed, have the `#' character in front of them.
Added lines are prepended with a `+'
Removed lines are just removed. Use 'diff' to locate these changes.

========================================================================

This text is (C)Copyright 1992, 1993 of Nikolaos C. Fotis. You can copy
freely this file, provided you keep this copyright notice intact.

Compiled by Nikolaos (Nick) C. Fotis, e-mail: nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Please contact me for updates,corrections, etc.

Disclaimer: I do not guarantee the accuracy of this document.
Use it at your own risk.

========================================================================

This is mainly a guide for computer graphics software.
I would suggest reading the Comp. Graphics FAQ for image analysis stuff.

It's entitled: 
 (date) comp.graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

 John T. Grieggs <grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov> is the poster of the
 official comp.graphics FAQ

I have included my comments within braces '[' and ']'.

Nikolaos Fotis

========================================================================

Contents of the Resource Listing
================================

PART1:
------
0. Places to find the Resource Listing
1. ARCHIE
2. Notes
3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists.
6.  3D graphics editors
   a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
   b. Commercial systems
7. Scene description languages
8. Solids description formats

PART2:
------

9. Plotting packages
10. Image analysis software - Image processing and display

PART3:
------
11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data.
13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
   a. Ray tracing
   b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
   c. Others
15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
   a. Teapot ?
   b. Space Shuttle ?
16. Image annotation software
17. Scientific visualization stuff
18. Molecular visualization stuff
19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)

Future additions:
[Please send me updates/info!]

========================================================================

0. Places to find the Resource Listing
======================================

#This file is crossposted to comp.graphics, comp.answers and news.answers,
so if you can't locate it in comp.graphics, you're advised to search in
#comp.answers or news.answers
(The latter groups usually are archived in your site. Contact your sysadmin
for more info).

These 3 articles are posted to comp.graphics 3-4 times a month and are kept in
many places (see below)

--

Many FAQs, including this one, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing: help in the Subject: field

--

The inria-graphlib mail server mirrors this posting (see under the
Subject 4: Mail servers )

--

The Resource Listing is accesible through WAIS in the machine
enuxva.eas.asu.edu (port 8000) under the name graphics-resources-list.
It's got a digest-type line before every numbered item for purposes of
indexing.

--

Another place that monitors the Listing is the MaasInfo files.
For more info contact Robert E. Maas <rem@btr.com>

--

Yet another place to search for FAQs in general is the SWITCH
(Swiss Academic and Research Network) system in Switzerland:

interactive:
  telnet nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40], login as "info". Move to the
  info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings directory. Search in the
  00index file by typing "/" and the word to look for.
  You may then just read the FAQ in the "faqs" directory, or decide
  to fetch it by one of the following methods.

ftp:
  login to nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40] as user anonymous and
  enter your internet-style address after being prompted for a
  password.

	cd info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings

mail:
  send e-mail to

RFC-822:
   archive-server@nic.switch.ch
X.400:
  /S=archive-server/OU=nic/O=switch/PRMD=switch/ADMD=arcom/C=ch/

Enter 'help' in the bodypart to receive instructions. No information
is required in the subject header line.


1. ARCHIE
=========

The Archie is a service system to locate FTP places for
requested files. It's appreciated that you will use Archie
before asking help in the newsgroups.

Archie servers:
  archie.au or 139.130.4.6             (Aussie/NZ)
  archie.funet.fi or 128.214.6.100  (Finland/Eur.)
  archie.th-darmstadt.de or 130.83.128.111  (GER.)
  cs.huji.ac.il or 132.65.6.5             (Israel)
  archie.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp or 130.54.20.1 (JAPAN)
  archie.sogang.ac.kr or 163.239.1.11      (Korea)
  archie.ncu.edu.tw or telnet 140.115.19.24  (TWN)
  archie.doc.ic.ac.uk or 146.169.3.7  (UK/Ireland)
  archie.sura.net or 128.167.254.179    (USA [MD])
  archie.unl.edu (password: archie1)    (USA [NE])
  archie.ans.net or 147.225.1.2         (USA [NY])
  archie.rutgers.edu or 128.6.18.15     (USA [NJ])
  archie.nz or 130.195.9.4           (New Zealand)

Connect to Archie server with telnet and type "archie" as username.
To get help type 'help'.
You can get 'xarchie' or 'archie', which are clients that call Archie
without the burden of a telnet session.
'Xarchie' is on the X11.R5 contrib tape, and 'archie' on comp.sources.misc,
vol. 27.

To get information on how to use Archie via e-mail, send mail with
subject "help" to "archie" account at any of above sites.

(Note to Janet/PSS users -- the United Kingdom archie site is
accessible on the Janet host doc.ic.ac.uk [000005102000].
Connect to it and specify "archie" as the host name and "archie" as
the username.)

==========================================================================

2. Notes
========
(Excerpted from the FAQ article)

Please do *not* post or mail messages saying "I can't FTP, could
someone mail this to me?"  There are a number of automated mail servers
that will send you things like this in response to a message.

There are a number of sites that archive the Usenet sources newsgroups
and make them available via an email query system.  You send a message
to an automated server saying something like "send comp.sources.unix/fbm",
and a few hours or days later you get the file in the mail.

==========================================================================

3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
==================================================

Computer graphics related FTP sites (and maintainers), 26/03/93
	compiled by Eric Haines, erich@eye.com
	and Nick Fotis, nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Ray-tracers:
------------

RayShade - a great ray tracer for workstations on up, also for PC, Mac & Amiga.
PoV - son and successor to DKB trace, written by Compuservers.
	(For more questions call Drew Wells --
	73767.1244@compuserve.com or Dave Buck -- david_buck@carleton.ca)
ART - ray tracer with a good range of surface types, part of VORT package.
DKBtrace - another good ray tracer, from all reports; PCs, Mac II,
	Amiga, UNIX, VMS (last two with X11 previewer), etc.
RTrace - Portugese ray tracer, does bicubic patches, CSG, 3D text, etc. etc.
	An MS-DOS version for use with DJGPP DOS extender (GO32) exists also,
	as a Mac port.
VIVID2 - A shareware raytracer for PCs - binary only (286/287).  Author:
	Stephen Coy (coy@ssc-vax.boeing.com).  The 386/387 (no source) version
	is available to registered users (US$50) direct from the author.
RAY4 - Steve Hollasch's 4-dimensional ray tracer - renders hyperspheres,
	hypertetrahedra, hyperplanes, and hyperparallelepipeds (there's
	a separate real-time wireframe viewer written in GL called WIRE4 ) .
MTV,QRT,DBW - yet more ray tracers, some with interesting features.

Distributed/Parallel Raytracers:
--------------------------------

XDART - A distributed ray-tracer that runs under X11. There are server binaries
	which work only on DECstations, SPARCs, HP Snakes (7x0 series) and NeXT.
	The clients are distributed as binaries and C source.
Inetray - A network version of Rayshade 4.0.  Needs Sun RPC 4.0 or newer.
	Contact Andreas Thurnherr (ant@ips.id.ethz.ch)
prt, VM_pRAY - parallel ray tracers.

Volume renderers:
-----------------

VREND - Cornell's Volume Renderer, from Kartch/Devine/Caffey/Warren (FORTRAN).

Radiosity (and diffuse lighting) renderers:
-------------------------------------------

Radiance - a ray tracer w/radiosity effects, by Greg Ward.  Excellent shading
	models and physically based lighting simulation.  Unix/X based, though
	has been ported to the Amiga and the PC (386).
INDIA - An Indian radiosity package based on Radiance.
SGI_RAD - An interactive radiosity package that runs on SGI machines with a
	Spaceball. It includes a house database.
	Author: Guy Moreillon <moreillo@ligsg1.epfl.ch>
RAD - a simple public-domain radiosity package in C. The solution can be run
	stand-alone on any Unix box, but the walk-through requires a SGI 4D.
	Author: Bernard Kwok <g-kwok@cs.yorku.ca>

Renderers which are not raytracers, and graphics libraries:
-----------------------------------------------------------

SIPP - Scan line z-buffer and Phong shading renderer.
	Now uses the shadow buffer algorithm.
Tcl-SIPP - a Tcl command interface to the SIPP rendering
	program. Tcl-SIPP is a set of Tcl commands used to programmed
	SIPP without having to write and compile C code.
	Commands are used to specify surfaces, objects,
	scenes and rendering options.
	It renders either in PPM format or in Utah Raster Toolkit RLE format
	or to the photo widget in the Tk-based X11 applications.

VOGLE - graphics learning environment (device portable).
VOGL - an SGI GL-like library based on VOGLE.
REND386 - A *fast* polygon renderer for Intel 386s and up. Version 2 on up.
	[ It's not photorealistic, but rather a real-time renderer]
XSHARP21 - Dr. Dobb's Journal PC renderer source code, with budget texture
	mapping.

Modellers, wireframe viewers:
-----------------------------

VISION-3D - Mac modeler, can output Radiance & Rayshade files.
IRIT - A CSG solid modeler, with support for freeform surfaces.
X3D - A wireframe viewer for X11.
3DV - 3-D wireframe graphics toolkit, with C source, 3dv objects, other stuff
	Look at major PC archives like wuarchive. One such file is 3DKIT1.ZIP
PV3D - a shareware front end modeler for POVRAY, still in beta test.
  French docs for now, price for registering 250 French Francs. Save disabled.
  Some extra utilities, DXF files for the registered version.

Geometric viewers:
------------------

SALEM - A GL-based package from Dobkin et al. for exploring mathematical
	structures.
GEOMVIEW - A GL-based package for looking and interactively manipulating
3D objects, from Geometry Center at Minnesota.
XYZ GeoBench -(eXperimental geometrY Zurich) is a workbench for geometric
	computation for Macintosh computers.
WIRE4 - GL wireframe previewer for Steve Hollasch's RAY4 (see above)

Data Formats and Data Sets for Ray Tracing:
-------------------------------------------

SPD - a set of procedural databases for testing ray tracers.
NFF - simplistic file format used by SPD.
OFF - another file format.
P3D - a lispy file format.
TDDD - Imagine (3D modeler) format, has converters for RayShade, NFF, OFF, etc.
	Also includes a nice postscript object displayer.  Some GREAT models.
TTDDDLIB - converts to/from TDDD/TTDDD, OFF, NFF, Rayshade 4.0, Imagine,
	and vort 3d objects. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric
	views in Postscript. Registered users get a TeX PK font converter and
	a superquadric surfaces generator.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>
	[Note : TTDDDLIB is also known as T3DLIB]
CHVRTD - Chapel Hill Volume Rendering Test Datasets, includes volume sets for
	two heads, a brain, a knee, electron density maps for RNA and others.

Written Material on Rendering:
------------------------------

RT News - collections of articles on ray tracing.
RT bib - references to articles on ray tracing in "refer" format.
Rad bib - references to articles on radiosity (global illumination).
Speer RT bib - Rick Speer's cross-referenced RT bib, in postscript.
RT abstracts - collection by Tom Wilson of abstracts of many RT articles.
Paper bank project - various technical papers in electronic form.  Contact
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>
Online Bibliography Project :
        The ACM SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project is a database of 
        over 15,000 unique computer graphics and computational geometry
        references in BibTeX format, available to the computer graphics
        community as a research and educational resource.

        The database is located at "siggraph.org".  Users may download 
        the BibTeX files via FTP and peruse them offline, or telnet to
        "siggraph.org" and log in as "biblio" and interactively search
        the database for entries of interest, by keyword.
        For the people without Internet access, there's also an e-mail
        server. Send mail to

        archive-server@siggraph.org

        and in the subject or the body of the message include the message  send
        followed by the topic and subtopic you wish. A good place to start is
        with the command
             send index
        which will give you an up-to-date list of available information.

        Additions/corrections/suggestions may be directed to the admin,
        "bibadmin@siggraph.org".

Image Manipulation Libraries:
-----------------------------

Utah Raster Toolkit - nice image manipulation tools.
PBMPLUS - a great package for image conversion and manipulation.
LIBTIFF - library for reading/writing TIFF images.
ImageMagick - X11 package for display and interactive manipulation
	of images.  Uses its own format (MIFF), and includes some converters.
xv - X-based image display, manipulation, and format converter.
xloadimage, xli - displays various formats on an X11 screen.
Khoros - a huge, excellent system for image processing, with a visual
	programming interface and much much more.  Uses X windows.
FBM - another set of image manipulation tools, somewhat old now.
Img - image manipulation, displays on X11 screen, a bit old now.
xflick - Plays .FLI animation under X11
XAnim - plays any resolution FLI along with GIF's(including GIF89a animation
	extensions), DL's and Amiga IFF animations(3,5,J,l) and IFF
	pictures(including HAM,EHB and color cycling)
SDSC - SDSC Image Tools package (San Diego Supercomputing Center)
	for image manipulation and conversion
CLRpaint - A 24-bit paint program for SGI 24bit workstations and 8bit Indigos.

Libraries with code for graphics:
---------------------------------

Graphics Gems I,II,III - code from the ever so useful books.
spline-patch.tar.Z - spline patch ray intersection routines by Sean Graves
kaleido - Computation and 3D Display of Uniform Polyhedra. Mirrored in
	wuarchive. This package computes (and displays) the metrical
	properties of 75 polyhedra. Author: Dr. Zvi Har'El,
	e-mail: rl@gauss.technion.ac.il

(*) means site is an "official" distributor, so is most up to date.


NORTH AMERICA (please look for things on your own continent first...):
-------------

wuarchive.wustl.edu [128.252.135.4]:  /graphics/graphics - get CONTENTS file
	for a roadmap.  /graphics/graphics/objects/TDDD - *the TTDDD objects
	and converters*, /mirrors/unix-c/graphics - Rayshade ray tracer, MTV
	ray tracer, Vort ray tracer, FBM, PBMPLUS, popi, Utah raster toolkit.
	/mirrors/msdos/graphics - DKB ray tracer, FLI RayTracker demos.
	/pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*, /graphics/graphics/radiosity - Radiance
	and Indian radiosity package.  /msdos/ddjmag/ddj9209.zip - version 21
	of Xsharp, with fast texture mapping.  There's lots more, including
	bibs, Graphics Gems I & II code, OFF, RTN, Radiance, NFF, SIPP, spline
	patch intersection routines, textbook errata, source code from Roy
	Hall's book "Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery", etc
	graphics/graphics/packages/kaleido - *kaleido*
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

princeton.edu [128.112.128.1]:  /pub/Graphics (note capital "G") - *Rayshade
	4.0 ray tracer (and separate 387 executable)*, *color quantization
	code*, *SPD*, *RT News*, *Wilson's RT abstracts*, "RT bib*, *Utah
	Raster Toolkit*, newer FBM, *Graphics Gems I, II & III code*.
	/pub/graphics directory - *SALEM* and other stuff.
	Craig Kolb <cek@princeton.edu>
	[replaces weedeater.math.yale.edu - note the capital "G" in
	pub/Graphics] Because there's a trouble with princeton's incoming
	area, you can upload Rayshade-specific stuff to
	weedeater.math.yale.edu [128.36.23.17]

alfred.ccs.carleton.ca [134.117.1.1]:  /pub/dkbtrace - *DKB ray tracer*,
	/pub/pov-ray/POV-Ray1.0 - *PVRay Compuserve group ray tracer (or PoV)*.
	David Buck <david_buck@carleton.ca>

avalon.chinalake.navy.mil [129.131.31.11]:  3D objects (multiple formats),
	utilities, file format documents.
	This site was created to be a 3D object "repository" for the net.
	Francisco X DeJesus <dejesus@archimedes.chinalake.navy.mil>

omicron.cs.unc.edu [152.2.128.159]:  pub/softlab/CHVRTD - Chapel Hill
	Volume Rendering Test Datasets.

ftp.mv.com [192.80.84.1]: - Official DDJ FTP repository.
	*XSHARP*

peipa.essex.ac.uk [155.245.115.161]: the Pilot European Image Processing
	Archive; in a directory ipa/synth or something like that, there are
	image synthesis packages.
	Adrian Clarke <alien@essex.ac.uk>

barkley.berkeley.edu [128.32.142.237] : tcl/extensions/tsipp3.0b.tar.Z -
	*Tcl-SIPP*
	Mark Diekhans <markd@grizzly.com or markd@NeoSoft.com>

acs.cps.msu.edu [35.8.56.90]: pub/sass - *X window fonts converter into
	Rayshade 3.0 polygons*, Rayshade animation tool(s).
	Ron Sass <sass@cps.msu.edu>

hobbes.lbl.gov [128.3.12.38]: *Radiance* ray trace/radiosity package.
	Greg Ward <gjward@lbl.gov>

geom.umn.edu [128.101.25.31] : pub/geomview - *GEOMVIEW*
	Contact (for GEOMVIEW): software@geom.umn.edu

ftp.arc.umn.edu [137.66.130.11] : pub/gvl.tar.Z - the latest version of Bob,
	Icol and Raz.  Source, a manual, man pages, and binaries for
	IRIX 4.0.5 are included (Bob is a real time volume renderer)
	pub/  contains also many volume datasets.
	Ken Chin-Purcell <ken@ahpcrc.umn.edu>

ftp.kpc.com [144.52.120.9] : /pub/graphics/holl91 - Steve Hollasch's
	Thesis, /pub/graphics/ray4 - *RAY4*, /pub/graphics/wire4 - *WIRE4*.
	/pub/mirror/avalon - mirror of avalon's 3D objects repository.
	Steve Hollasch <hollasch@kpc.com>

swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] : programs/hollasch-4d - RAY4,
	SGI Explorer modules and Postscript manual, etc.

zamenhof.cs.rice.edu [128.42.1.75] : pub/graphics.formats - Various electronic
	documents about many object and image formats.
	Mark Hall <foo@cs.rice.edu>
	will apparently no longer be maintaining it, see ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

rascal.ics.utexas.edu [128.83.144.1]:  /misc/mac/inqueue - VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade and Radiance files.

ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50] :  misc/file.formats/graphics.formats -
	contains various image- and object-format descriptions.  Many SciVi
	tools in various directories, e.g.  SGI/Alpha-shape/Alvis-1.0.tar.Z -
	3D alpha-shape visualizer (SGI machines only),
	SGI/Polyview3.0/polyview.Z - interactive visualization and analysis of
	3D geometrical structures.
	Quincey Koziol <koziol@ncsa.uiuc.edu>

tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1] : /iraf - the IRAF astronomy package

ftp.ipl.rpi.edu [128.113.14.50]:  sigma/erich - SPD images and Haines thesis
	images.  pub/images - various 24 and 8 bit image stills and sequences.
	Kevin Martin <sigma@ipl.rpi.edu>

ftp.psc.edu [128.182.66.148]:  pub/p3d - p3d_2_0.tar P3D lispy scene
	language & renderers.  Joel Welling <welling@seurat.psc.edu>

ftp.ee.lbl.gov [128.3.254.68]: *pbmplus.tar.Z*, RayShade data files.
	Jef Poskanzer <jef@ace.ee.lbl.gov>

george.lbl.gov [128.3.196.93]: pub/ccs-lib/ccs.tar.Z - *CCS (Complex
	Conversion System), a standard software interface for image processing*

hanauma.stanford.edu [36.51.0.16]: /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics - best of
	comp.graphics (very extensive), ray-tracers - DBW, MTV, QRT, and more.
	Joe Dellinger <joe@hanauma.stanford.edu>

ftp.uu.net [192.48.96.2]:  /graphics - *IRIT*, RT News back issues (not
	complete), NURBS models, other graphics related material.
	/graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v?.tar.Z - Independent JPEG Group package for
	reading and writing JPEG files.

freebie.engin.umich.edu [141.212.68.23]:  *Utah Raster Toolkit*,
	Spencer Thomas <thomas@eecs.umich.edu>

export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] : /contrib - pbmplus, Image Magick, xloadimage,
	xli, xv, Img, lots more.  /pub/R5untarred/mit/demos/gpc - NCGA Graphics
	Performance Characterization (GPC) Suite.

life.pawl.rpi.edu [128.113.10.2]: /pub/ray - *Kyriazis stochastic Ray Tracer*.
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

cs.utah.edu [128.110.4.21]: /pub - Utah raster toolkit, *NURBS databases*.
	Jamie Painter <jamie@cs.utah.edu>

gatekeeper.dec.com [16.1.0.2]:  /pub/DEC/off.tar.Z - *OFF models*,
	Also GPC Benchmark files (planned, but not checked).
	Randi Rost <rost@kpc.com>

hubcap.clemson.edu [130.127.8.1]:  /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine - stuff for the
	Amiga Imagine & Turbo Silver ray tracers.  /pub/amiga/TTDDDLIB -
	*TTDDDLIB* /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine/objects - MANY objects.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>

pprg.eece.unm.edu [129.24.24.10]:  /pub/khoros - *Khoros image processing
	package (huge, but great)*.
	Danielle Argiro <danielle@bullwinkle.unm.edu>

expo.lcs.mit.edu [18.30.0.212]:  contrib - *PBMPLUS portable bitmap package*,
	*poskbitmaptars bitmap collection*, *Raveling Img*, xloadimage.  Jef
	Poskanzer <jef@well.sf.ca.us>

venera.isi.edu [128.9.0.32]:  */pub/Img.tar.z and img.tar.z - some image
	manipulation*, /pub/images - RGB separation photos.
	Paul Raveling <raveling@venera.isi.edu>

ucsd.edu [128.54.16.1]:  /graphics - utah rle toolkit, pbmplus, fbm,
	databases, MTV, DBW and other ray tracers, world map, other stuff.
	Not updated much recently.

castlab.engr.wisc.edu [128.104.52.10]:  /pub/x3d.2.2.tar.Z - *X3D*
	/pub/xdart.1.1.* - *XDART*
	Mark Spychalla <spy@castlab.engr.wisc.edu>

sgi.com [192.48.153.1]:  /graphics/tiff - TIFF 6.0 spec & *LIBTIFF* software
	and pics.  Also much SGI- and GL-related stuff (e.g. OpenGL manuals)
	Sam Leffler <sam@sgi.com>
	[supercedes okeeffe.berkeley.edu for the LIBTIFF stuff]

surya.waterloo.edu [129.97.129.72]: /graphics - FBM, ray tracers

ftp.sdsc.edu [132.249.20.22]: /sdscpub - *SDSC*

ftp.brl.mil [128.63.16.158]: /brl-cad - information on how to get the
	BRL CAD package & ray tracer.  /images - various test images.
	A texture library has also begun here.
	Lee A. Butler <butler@BRL.MIL>

cicero.cs.umass.edu [128.119.40.189]:  /texture_temp - 512x512 grayscale
	Brodatz textures,
	from Julien Flack <julien@scs.leeds.ac.uk>.

karazm.math.uh.edu [129.7.7.6]:  pub/Graphics/rtabs.shar.12.90.Z - *Wilson's
	RT abstracts*, VM_pRAY.
	J. Eric Townsend <jet@karazm.math.uh.edu or jet@nas.nasa.gov>

ftp.pitt.edu [130.49.253.1]:  /users/qralston/images - 24 bit image archive
	(small).  James Ralston Crawford <qralston@gl.pitt.edu>

ftp.tc.cornell.edu [128.84.201.1]: /pub/vis - *VREND*

sunee.waterloo.edu [129.97.50.50]: /pub/raytracers - vivid, *REND386*
	[or sunee.uwaterloo.ca]

archive.umich.edu [141.211.164.153]: /msdos/graphics - PC graphics stuff.
	/msdos/graphics/raytrace - VIVID2.

apple.apple.com [130.43.2.2?]:  /pub/ArchiveVol2/prt.

research.att.com [192.20.225.2]: /netlib/graphics - *SPD package*, ~/polyhedra -
	*polyhedra databases*.  (If you don't have FTP, use the netlib
	automatic mail replier:  UUCP - research!netlib, Internet -
	netlib@ornl.gov.  Send one line message "send index" for more info,
	"send haines from graphics" to get the SPD)

siggraph.org [128.248.245.250]: SIGGRAPH archive site.
	publications - *Online Bibliography Project*, Conference proceedings
	in various electronic formats (papers, panels), SIGGRAPH Video Review
	information and order forms.
	Other stuff in various directories.
	Automatic mailer is archive-server@siggraph.org ("send index").

ftp.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159]: pub/reaction_diffusion - Greg Turk's work on
	reaction-diffusion textures, X windows code (SIGGRAPH '91)

avs.ncsc.org [128.109.178.23]:  ~ftp/VolVis92 - Volume datasets from the
	Boston Workshop on Volume Visualization '92.  This site is also the
	International AVS Center.
	Terry Myerson <tvv@ncsc.org>

uvacs.cs.virginia.edu [128.143.8.100]:  pub/suit/demo/{sparc,dec,etc} - SUIT
	(Simple User Interface Toolkit).  "finger suit@uvacs.cs.virginia.edu"
	to get detailed instructions.

nexus.yorku.ca [130.63.9.66]: /pub/reports/Radiosity_code.tar.Z - *RAD*
	/pub/reports/Radiosity_thesis.ps.Z - *RAD MSc. Thesis*
	[This site will be changed to ftp.yorku.ca in the near future]

milton.u.washington.edu [128.95.136.1] - ~ftp/public/veos - VEOS Virtual
	Reality and distributed applications prototyping environment
	for Unix. Veos Software Support : veos-support@hitl.washington.edu
        oldpublic/fly - FLY! 3D Visualization Software demo.
        That package is built for "fly-throughs" from various datasets in
        near real-time. There are binaries for many platforms.
	Also, much other Virtual Reality stuff.

zug.csmil.umich.edu [141.211.184.2]: X-Xpecs 3D files (an LCD glass shutter
	for Amiga computers - great for VR stuff!)

sugrfx.acs.syr.edu [128.230.24.1]: Various stereo-pair images.
[ Has closed down :-( ]

sunsite.unc.edu [152.2.22.81]: /pub/academic/computer-science/virtual-reality -
	Final copy of the sugrfx.acs.syr.edu archive that ceased to exist.
	It contains Powerglove code, VR papers, 3D images and IRC research
	material.
	Jonathan Magid <jem@sunSITE.unc.edu>

archive.cis.ohio-state.edu [128.146.8.52]: pub/siggraph92 - Code for
	Siggraph '92 Course 23 (Procedural Modeling and Rendering Techniques)
	Dr. David S. Ebert <ebert@cis.ohio-state.edu>

lyapunov.ucsd.edu [132.239.86.10]: This machine is considered the
	repository for preprints and programs for nonlinear dynamics,
	signal processing, and related subjects  (and fractals, of course!)
	Matt Kennel <mbk@inls1.ucsd.edu>

cod.nosc.mil [128.49.16.5]: /pub/grid.{ps,tex,ascii} - a short survey of
	methods to interpolate and contour bivariate data

ics.uci.edu [128.195.1.1]: /honig --- Various stereo-pair images,
	movie.c - animates a movie on an X display (8-bit and mono) with
	digital subtraction.

taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil [131.120.1.13]: pub/dabro/cyberware_demo.tar.Z - Human
	head data

pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217]:  pub/texture_maps - Hans du Buf's grayscale
	test textures (aerial swatches, Brodatz textures, synthetic swatches).
	Space & planetary image repository.  Provides access to >150 CD-ROMS
	with data/images (3 on-line at a time).
        pub/info/beginner-info - here you should start browsing.
        Colby Kraybill <opus@pioneer.unm.edu>.

cs.brown.edu [128.148.33.66] : *SRGP/SPHIGS* . For more info on SRGP/SPHIGS:
         mail -s 'software-distribution' graphtext@cs.brown.edu

pdb.pdb.bnl.gov [130.199.144.1] has data about various organic molecules,
       bonds between the different atoms, etc.
       Atomic coordinates (and a load of other stuff) are contained in the
       "*.ent" files, but the actual atomic dimemsions seem to be missing.
       You could convert these data to PoV, rayshade, etc.

biome.bio.ns.ca [142.2.20.2] : /pub/art - some Renoir paintings,
        Escher's pictures, etc.

ic16.ee.umanitoba.ca [] : /specmark - sample set of images from the
        `Images from the Edge' CD-ROM (images of atomic landscapes, advanced
        semiconductors, superconductors and experimental surface
        chemistry among others). Contact ruskin@ee.umanitoba.ca

explorer.dgp.toronto.edu [128.100.1.129] : pub/sgi/clrpaint - *CLRpaint*
        pub/sgi/clrview.* - CLRview, a tool that aids in visualization
        of GIS datasets in may formats like DXF, DEM, Arc/Info, etc.

ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM - images from Magellan
        and Viking missions etc. Get pub/SPACE/Index first.
        pub/SPACELINK has most of the SpaceLink service data (see below)
        e-mail server available: send mail to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov
        (or ames!archive-server) with subject:"help"
        or "send SPACE Index" (without the quotes!)
        Peter Yee <yee@ames.arc.nasa.gov>

pubinfo.jpl.nasa.gov [128.149.6.2]: images, other data, etc. from JPL
        missions. Modem access at (818)-354-1333 (no parity, 8 data bits, 1
        stop bit).
        newsdesk@jplpost.jpl.nasa.gov or phone (818)-354-7170

spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov [128.158.13.250] (passwd:guest) : space graphics
        and GIF images from NASA's planetary probes and the Hubble Telescope.
        Main function is support for teachers (you can telnet also to this
        site). Dial up access: (205)-895-0028 (300/1200/2400/9600(V.32) baud,
        8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit).

stsci.edu [130.167.1.2] : Hubble Space Telescope stuff (images and other
        data). Read the README first!
        Pete Reppert <reppert@stsci.edu> or Chris O'Dea <odea@stsci.edu>

pit-manager.mit.edu [18.172.1.27]:  /pub/usenet/news.answers - the land of
	FAQs.  graphics and pictures directories of particular interest.
	[Also available from mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu by sending a mail
	message containing: help]

UUCP archive: avatar - RT News back issues.  For details, write Kory Hamzeh
	<kory@avatar.avatar.com>


EUROPE:
-------

nic.funet.fi [128.214.6.100]:  *pub/sci/papers - *Paper bank project,
	including Pete Shirley's entire thesis (with pics)*, *Wilson's RT
	abstracts*, pub/misc/CIA_WorldMap - CIA world data bank,
	comp.graphics.research archive, *India*, and much, much more.
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>

dasun2.epfl.ch [128.178.62.2]:  Radiance. Good for European sites, but
	doesn't carry the add-ons that are available for Radiance.

isy.liu.se [130.236.1.3]:  pub/sipp/sipp-3.0.tar.Z - *SIPP* scan line z-buffer
	and Phong shading renderer.  Jonas Yngvesson <jonas-y@isy.liu.se>

irisa.fr [131.254.2.3]:  */iPSC2/VM_pRAY ray tracer*, SPD, /NFF - many non-SPD
	NFF format scenes, RayShade data files.  Didier Badouel
	<badouel@irisa.irisa.fr> [may have disappeared]

phoenix.oulu.fi [130.231.240.17]:  *FLI RayTracker animation files (PC VGA) -
	also big .FLIs (640*480)* *RayScene demos* [Americans:  check wuarchive
	first].  More animations to come.  Jari Kahkonen
	<hole@phoenix.oulu.fi>

jyu.fi [128.214.7.5]: /pub/graphics/ray-traces - many ray tracers, including
	VM_pRAY, DBW, DKB, MTV, QRT, RayShade, some RT News, NFF files.  Jari
	Toivanen <toivanen@jyu.fi>

garbo.uwasa.fi [128.214.87.1]:  Much PC stuff, etc., /pc/source/contour.f -
	FORTRAN program to contour scattered data using linear triangle-based
	interpolation

asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17]:  pub/RTrace - *RTrace* nffutils.tar.Z (NFF
	utilities for RTrace), medical data (CAT, etc.)  converters to NFF,
	Autocad to NFF Autolisp code, AUTOCAD 11 to SCN (RTrace's language)
	converter and other goodies.  Antonio Costa (acc@asterix.inescn.pt)

vega.hut.fi [128.214.3.82]: /graphics - RTN archive, ray tracers (MTV, QRT,
	others), NFF, some models.
[ It was shut down months ago , check under nic.funet.fi -- nfotis ]

sun4nl.nluug.nl [192.16.202.2]: /pub/graphics/raytrace - DBW.microray, MTV, etc

unix.hensa.ac.uk [] : misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z - CGM viewer and
        converter.
        There's an e-mail server also - mail to archive@unix.hensa.ac.uk
        with the message body "send misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z"

maeglin.mt.luth.se [130.240.0.25]:  graphics/raytracing - prt, others, ~/Doc -
	*Wilson's RT abstracts*, Vivid.

ftp.fu-berlin.de [130.20.225.2]:  /pub/unix/graphics/rayshade4.0/inputs -
	aq.tar.Z is RayShade aquarium [Americans:  check princeton.edu first).
	Heiko Schlichting <heiko@math.fu-berlin.de>

maggia.ethz.ch [129.132.17.1]: pub/inetray - *Inetray* and Sun RPC 4.0 code
	Andreas Thurnherr <ant@ips.id.ethz.ch>

osgiliath.id.dth.dk [129.142.65.24]:  /pub/amiga/graphics/Radiance - *Amiga
	port of Radiance 2.0*.  Per Bojsen <bojsen@ithil.id.dth.dk>

ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.1.9] : *PoV raytracer*
        Mirrored in wuarchive, has many goods for PoV.
	pub/dkbtrace/incoming/polyray - Polyray raytracer
        pub/dkbtrace/incoming/pv3d* - *PV3D*

ftp.uni-kl.de [131.246.9.95]: /pub/amiga/raytracing/imagine - mirror of
	the hubcap Imagine files.

neptune.inf.ethz.ch [129.132.101.33]: XYZ - *XYZ GeoBench*
	Peter Schorn <schorn@inf.ethz.ch>

iamsun.unibe.ch [130.92.64.10]: /Graphics/graphtal* - a L-system interpreter.
	Christoph Streit <streit@iam.unibe.ch>

amiga.physik.unizh.ch [130.60.80.80]: /amiga/gfx - Graphics stuff
	for the Amiga computer.

stesis.hq.eso.org [134.171.8.100]: on-line access to a huge astronomical
        database. (login:starcat;no passwd)
        DECnet:STESIS (It's the Space Telescope European Coordination Facility)
        Benoit Pirenne <bpirenne@eso.org>, phone +49 89 320 06 433


MIDDLE EAST
-----------

gauss.technion.ac.il [132.68.112.60]: *kaleida*


AUSTRALIA:
----------

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au [128.250.70.62]: pub - *VORT(ART) ray tracer*, *VOGLE*,
	Wilson's ray tracing abstracts, /pub/contrib/artscenes (ART scenes from
	Italy), pub/images/haines - Haines thesis images, Graphics Gems code,
	SPD, NFF & OFF databases, NFF and OFF previewers, plus some 8- and
	24bit images and lots of other stuff.  pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*
	Bernie Kirby <bernie@ecr.mu.oz.au>

munnari.oz.au [128.250.1.21]:  pub/graphics/vort.tar.Z - *VORT (ART) 2.1 CSG and
	algebraic surface ray tracer*, *VOGLE*, /pub - DBW, pbmplus.  /graphics
	- room.tar.Z (ART scenes from Italy).
	David Hook <dgh@munnari.oz.au>

marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au [134.7.1.1]: pub/graphics/bibliography/Facial_Animation,
	pub/graphics/bibliography/Morph, pub/graphics/bibliography/UI -
	stuff about Facial animation, Morphing and User Interfaces.
	pub/fascia - Fred Parke's fascia program.
	Valerie Hall <val@lillee.cs.curtin.edu.au>


OCEANIA - ASIA:
---------------

ccu1.aukland.ac.nz [130.216.1.5]:  ftp/mac/architec - *VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade files*.  Many other neat things
	for Macs.  Paul Bourke <pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz>

scslwide.sony.co.jp [133.138.199.1]:  ftp2/SGI/Facial-Animation - Steve Franks
	site for facial animation.
 	Steve Franks <stevef@csl.sony.co.jp OR stevef@cs.umr.edu>


4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
===========================================

Please check first with the FTP places above, with archie's help.
Don't overuse mail servers.

There are some troubles with wrong return addresses. Many of these
mail servers have a command like
   path a_valid_return_e-mail_address
to get a hint for sending back to you stuff.

DEC's FTPMAIL
-------------
  Send a one-line message to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com WITHOUT a Subject: field,
  and having a line containing the word 'help'.
  You should get back a message detailing the relevant procedures you
  must follow in order to get the files you want.

  Note that the "reply" or "answer" command in your mailer will not work
  for this message or any other mail you receive from FTPMAIL.  To send
  requests to FTPMAIL, send an original mail message, not a reply.
  Complaints should be sent to the ftpmail-request@uucp-gw-2.pa.dec.com
  address rather than to postmaster, since DECWRL's postmaster is not
  responsible for fixing ftpmail problems.

BITFTP
------
  For BITNET sites ONLY, there's BITFTP@PUCC.
  Send a one-line 'help' message to this address for more info.

Lightwave 3D mail based file-server
-----------------------------------
  A mail based file server for 3D objects, 24bit JPEG images, GIF images
  and image maps is now online for all those with Internet mail access.
  The server is the official archive site for the Lightwave 3D mail-list
  and contains many PD and Shareware graphics utilities for
  several computer platforms including Amiga, Atari, IBM and Macintosh.

  The server resides on a BBS called "The Graphics BBS".  The BBS is
  operational 24 hours a day 7 days a week at the phone number of +1
  908/469-0049.  It has upgraded its modem to a Hayes Ultra 144
  V.32bis/V.42bis, which has speeds from 300bps up to 38,400bps.

  If you would like to submit objects, scenes or images to the server,
  please pack, uuencode and then mail the files to the address:
  server@bobsbox.rent.com.

  For information on obtaining files from the server send a mail message
  to the address file-server@graphics.rent.com with the following in
  the body of the message:
    HELP
    /DIR
  And a help file describing how to use the server and a complete
  directory listing will be sent to you via mail.

[ Now it includes the Cyberware head and shouders in TTDDD format! Check it
 out, only if you can't use FTP! -- nfotis ]

INRIA-GRAPHLIB
--------------
  Pierre Jancene and Sabine Coquillart launched the inria-graphlib mail
  server a few months ago.

    echo help | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will give you a quick summary of what inria-graphlib contains and 
  how to browse among its files.

    echo send contents | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the extended summary.

  As an other example :

    echo send cgrl from Misc | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the Computer Graphics Resource Listing mirrored from
  comp.graphics.

BBSes
-----
  There are many BBSes that store datafiles, etc.etc., but a guide to these
  is beyond the scope of this Listing (and the resources of the author!)
  If you can point to me Internet- or mail- accessible BBSes that carry
  interesting stuff, send me info!


  Studio Amiga is a 3D modelling and ray tracing specific BBS, (817) 467-3658.
  24 hours, 105 Meg online.
--
From Jeff Walkup <pwappy@well.sf.ca.us>:
  "The Castle" 415/355-2396 (14.4K/v.32bis/v.42/v.42bis/MNP)
  (In Pacifica, dang close to San Francisco, California, USA)
  The new-user password is: "TAO".
  
  [J]oin base #2; The Castle G/FX, Anim, Video, 3D S.I.G., of which
  I am the SIG-Op, "Lazerus".
--
  Bob Lindabury operates a BBS (see above the entry for "The Graphics BBS")
--
'You Can Call Me Ray' ray tracing related BBS in Chicago suburbs (708-358-5611)
 or (708-358-8721)
--
  Digital Pixel (Sysop: Mark Ng <mcng@descartes.waterloo.edu>) is based at
  Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
 
  Phone : (416) 298 1487
  Storage space: 330 megs
  Modem type:  14.4k baud,16.8k (Zyxel) , v32bis ,v32, mnp 5

  Access Fee: none.. (free)
  System supported : DOS, OS/2, Amiga, Mac.  
  Netmail:     Currently no echo mail.
  Topics:      Raytracing, Fractals, Graphics programming, CAD, Any Comp.
               Graphics related  

--
From: David Tiberio <dtiberio@ic.sunysb.edu>

  Amiga Graphics BBS (516) 473-6351 in Long Island, New York,
  running 24 hours at 14.4k v.32bis, with 157 megs on line.
  We also subscribe to 9 mailing lists, of which 5 originate
  from our BBS, with 3 more to be added soon. These include:

  Lightwave, Imagine, Real 3D (ray tracing)

  Database files include:
  Imagine 3D objects, 3D renderings, scalable fonts, music
  modules, sound samples, demos, animations, utilities,
  text databases, and pending Lightwave 3D objects.
--
The Graphics Alternative

 The Graphics Alternative is in El Cerrito, CA., running 24 hours a
 day at 14.4k HST/v.32bis, with 642MB online and a 1300+ user base.
 TGA runs two nodes, node 1 (510) 524-2780 is for public access and
 includes a free 90 day trial subscription.  TGA is the West Coast
 Host for PCGnet, The Profesional CAD and Graphics Network, supporting
 nodes across the Continental U.S., Alaska, New Zealand, Australia,
 France and the UK.
 
 TGA's file database includes MS-DOS executables for POV, Vivid,
 RTrace, Rayshade, Polyray, and others.  TGA also has numerous
 graphics utilities, viewers, and conversion utilities.  Registered
 Vivid users can also download the latest Vivid aeta code from a
 special Vivid conference.

--
From: Scott Bethke <sbathkey@access.digex.com>

The Intersection BBS, 410-250-7149.

  This BBS Is dedicated to supporting 3D Animators.The system is provided
  FREE OF CHARGE, and is NOT Commercialized in ANYWAY.
  Users are given FULL Access on the first call.

Features: Usenet NEWS & Internet Mail, Fidonet Echo's & Netmail,
	200 Megs online, V.32bis/V.42bis Modem.

Platforms of interest: Amiga & The VideoToaster, Macintosh, Ms-Dos,
	Unix Workstations (Sun, SGI, etc), Atari-ST.
--
From: Alfonso Hermida <afanh@robots.gsfc.nasa.gov>:

 Pi Square BBS (301)725-9080 in Maryland. It supports raytracers such as POV
 and VIVID. The BBS runs off a 486/33Mhz, 100Megs hard drive and CD ROM.
 Now it runs on 1200-2400bps (this will change soon)

 Topics: graphics programming, animation,raytracing,programming (general)
--
From: Lynn Falkow <ROXXIE@delphi.com>:

  Vertech Design's GRAPHIC CONNECTION. (503) 591-8412 in Portland, Oregon.
  V.32/V.42bis.

  The BBS, aside from carrying typical BBS services like message bases
  ( all topic specific ) and files ( CAD and graphics related -- hundreds
  of megabytes ), also offers material texture files that are full color,
  seamlessly tiling, photo-realistic images.  There are samples available
  to first time callers.  The BBS is a subscription system although callers
  have 2 hours before they must subscribe, and there are several subscription
  rates available.   People interested in materials can subscribe to the
  library in addition to a basic subscription rate, and can use their
  purchased time to download whichever materials they wish.

==========================================================================

5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists
=============================================

Imagine
-------
  Modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  send subscription requests to Imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com
  send material to Imagine@email.sp.paramax.com
  (Dave Wickard has substituted Steve Worley in the maintenance of
  the mailing list) - PLEASE note that the unisys.com address is
  NO longer valid!!!

Lightwave
---------
  (for the Amiga. It's part of Newtek's Video Toaster):
  send subscription requests to lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com
  send material to lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com
  (Bob Lindabury)

Toaster
-------
  send subscription requests to listserv@karazm.math.uh.edu with a *body* of:
     subscribe toaster-list

Real 3D
-------
  Another modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe real3d-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@gu.uwa.edu.au

Rayshade
--------
  send subscription requests to rayshade-request@cs.princeton.edu
  send material to rayshade-users@cs.princeton.edu
  (Craig Kolb)

Alladin 4D for the Amiga
----------
  send subscription requests to subscribe@xamiga.linet.org

  and in the body of the message write

  #Alladin 4D username@domain

Radiance
--------
  Greg Ward, the author, sends to registered (via e-mail) users digests of
  his correspodence with them, notes about fixes, updates, etc.
  His address is: gjward@lbl.gov

REND386
-------
  send subscription requests to rend386-request@sunee.waterloo.edu
  send material to rend386@sunee.waterloo.edu

PoV ray / DKB raytracers
------------------------
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe dkb-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@trearn.bitnet

  send material to dkb-l@trearn.bitnet

Mailing List for Massively Parallel Rendering
---------------------------------------------
  send subscription requests to mp-render-request@icase.edu
  send material to mp-render@icase.edu

==========================================================================

6. 3D graphics editors
======================

a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
============================================

VISION-3D
---------
  Mac-based program written by Paul D. Bourke (pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz).
  The program can be used to generate models directly in the RayShade
  and Radiance file formats (polygons only).
  It's shareware and listed on the FTP list.

BRL
---
  A solid modeling system for most environments -- including SGI and X11.
  It has CSG and NURBS, plus support for Non-Manifold Geometry
  [Whatever it is].

  You can get it *free* via FTP by signing and returning the relevant license,
  found on ftp.brl.mil. Uses ray-tracing for engineering analyses.

  Contact:

  Ms. Carla Moyer
  (410)-273-7794 tel.
  (410)-272-6763 FAX
  cad-dist@brl.mil E-mail

  Snail mail:

  BRL-CAD Distribution
  SURVIAC Aberdeen Satellite Office 1003
  Old Philadelphia Road,
  Suite 103 Aberdeen
  MD  21001  USA

IRIT
----
  A constructive solid geometry (CSG) modeling program for PC and X11.
  Includes freeform surface support. Free - see FTP list for where to
  find it.

SurfModel
---------
  A solid modeling program for PC written in Turbo Pascal 6.0 by
  Ken Van Camp. Available from SIMTEL, pd1:<msdos.srfmodl> directory.

NOODLES
-------
   From CMU, namely Fritz Printz and Levent Gursoz (elg@styx.edrc.cmu.edu).
   It's based on Non Manifold Topology.
   Ask them for more info, I don't know if they give it away.

XYZ2
----
  XYZ2 is an interactive 3-D editor/builder written by Dale P. Stocker to
  create objects for the SurfaceModel, Automove, and DKB raytracer packages.
  XYZ2 is free and can be found, for example, in SIMTEL20 as
  <MSDOS.SURFMODL>XYZ21.ZIP (DOS only??)

3DMOD
-----
  It's an MSDOS program. Check at barnacle.erc.clarkson.edu [128.153.28.12],
  /pub/msdos/graphics/3dmod.* . Undocumented file format :-(
  3DMOD is (C) 1991 by Micah Silverman, 25 Pierrepoint Ave., Postdam,
  New York 13676, tel. 315-265-7140

NORTHCAD
--------
  Shareware, <MSDOS.CAD>NCAD3D42.ZIP in SIMTEL20. Undocumented file format :-(

Vertex
------
  (Amiga)
  Shareware, send $40 US (check or money order) to:

  The Art Machine, 4189 Nickolas
  Sterling Heights, MI  48310
  USA

  In addition to the now standard file formats, including Lightwave,
  Imagine, Sculpt, Turbo Silver, GEO and Wavefront, this release offers
  3D Professional and RayShade support. (Rayshade is supported only by
  the primitive "triangle", but you can easily include this output in
  your RayShade scripts)

  The latest demo, version 1.62, is available on Fred Fish #727.

  For more information, contact the author, Alex Deburie, at:

  ad99s461@sycom.mi.org, Phone: (313) 939-2513
  

ICoons
------
  (Amiga)
  It's a spline based object modeller ("ICoons" = Interactive 
  COONS path editor) in amiga.physik.unizh.ch (gfx/3d/ICoons1.0.lzh).
  It's free (under the GNU Licence) and requires FPU.

  The program has a look&feel which is a cross between Journeyman and
  Imagine, and it generates objects in TTDDD format.

  It is possible to load Journeyman objects into ICoons, so the program
  can be used to convert JMan objects to Imagine format.

  Author: Helge E. Rasmussen <her@compel.dk>
  PHONE + 45 36 72 33 00, FAX   + 45 36 72 43 00

[ It's also on Fred Fish disk series n.775 - nfotis ]


ProtoCAD 3D
-----------
 Ver 1.1 from Trius (shareware?)

 It's at wsmr-simtel20.army.mil and oak.oakland.edu as PCAD3D.ZIP (for PCs)

 It has this menu layout:

         FILE       File handling (Load, Save, Import, Xport...)
         DRAW       Draw 2D objects (Line, Circle, Box...)
         3D         Draw 3D objects (Mesh, Sphere, Block...)
         EDIT       Editing features (Copy, Move ...)
         SURFACE    Modify objects (Revolve, Xtrude, Sweep...)
         IMAGE      Image zooming features (Update, Window, Half...)
         OPTION     Global defaults (Grid, Toggles, Axis...)
         PLOT       Print drawing/picture (Go, Image...)
         RENDER     Shade objects (Frame, Lighting, Tune...)
         LAYER      Layer options (Select active layer, set Colors...)

+Sculptura
+---------
+  Runs under Windows 3.1, and outputs PoV files. A demo can be found
+  on wuarchive.wustl.edu in mirrors/win3/demo/demo3d.zip
+
+  Author: Michael Gibson <gibsonm@stein.u.washington.edu>


b. Commercial systems
=====================

Alpha_1
-------
  A spline-based modeling program written in University of Utah.
  Features: splines up to trimmed NURBS; support for boolean operations;
    sweeps, bending, warping, flattening etc.; groups of objects, and
    transformations; extensible object types.
  Applications include: NC machining, Animation utilities,
    Dimensioning, FEM analysis, etc.
  Rendering subsystem, with support for animations.
  Support the following platforms: HP 300 and 800's (X11R4, HP-UX 6.5),
    SGI 4D or PI machines (X11R4 and GL, IRIX 3.3.1), Sun SparcStation
    (X11R4, SunOS 4.1.1).
 
  Licensing and distribution is handled by EGS:
    Glenn McMinn, President
    Engineering Geometry Systems
    275 East South Temple, Suite 305
    Salt Lake City, UT  84111
    (801) 575-6021
    mcminn@cs.utah.edu

 [ Educational pricing ]
  The charge is $675 per platform.  You may run the system on as many
  different workstations of that type as you wish.  For each platform
  there is also a $250 licensing fee for Portable Standard Lisp (PSL)
  which is bundled with the system.  You need to obtain an additional
  license from the University of Utah for PSL from the following address:
    Professor Robert Kessler
    Computer Science Department
    University of Utah
    Salt Lake City, Utah 84112

  [ EGS can handle the licensing of PSL for U.S. institutions for a
    300 $USD nominal fee -- nfotis ]

VERTIGO
-------

  They have an Educational Institution Program. The package is used in
  the industrial design, architectural, scientific visualization,
  educational, broadcast, imaging and post production fields.

  They'll [quoting from a letter sent to me -- nfotis ] "donate fully
  configured Vertigo 3D Graphics Software worth over $29,000USD per
  package to qualified educational institutions for licencing on any
  number of Silicon Graphics Personal IRIS or POWER Series Workstations.
  If you use an IRIS Indigo station, we will also licence our Vertigo
  Revolution Software (worth $12,000USD).

  If you are interested in participating in this program please send a
  letter by mail or fax (604/684-2108) on your institution's letterhead
  briefly outlining your potential uses for Vertigo together with the
  following information: 1. UNIX version 2. Model and number of SGI
  systems 3. Peripheral devices 4. Third Party Software.

  Participants will be asked to contribute $750USD per institution to cover
  costs of the manual, administration, and shipping.

  We recommend that Vertigo users subscribe to our technical support
  services. For an annual fee you will receive: technical assistance
  on our support hotline, bug fixes, software upgrades and manual updates.
  For educational institution we will waive the $750 administration fee
  if support is purchased.

  The annual support fee is $2,500 plus the following cost for additional
  machines:

  Number of machines:		2-20		20+
  Additional cost per machine:	$700		$600 "

[ There's also a 5-day training program - nfotis]

Contact:
  Vertigo Technology INC
  Suite 1010
  1030 West Georgia St.
  VANCOUVER, BC
  CANADA, V6E 2Y3

  Phone: 604/684-2113
  Fax:   604/684-2108

[ Does anyone know of such offers from TDI, Alias, Softimage, Wavefront,
  etc.??? this would be a VERY interesting part!!  -- nfotis ]

PADL-2
------
[ Basically, it's a Solid Modeling Kernel in top of which you build your
  application(s)]

  Available by license from
    Cornell Programmable Automation
    Cornell University
    106 Engineering and Theory Center
    Ithaca, NY 14853

  License fees are very low for educational institutions and gov't agencies.
  Internal commercial licenses and re-dissemination licenses are available.
  For an information packet, write to the above address, or send your
  address to:   marisa@cpa.tn.cornell.edu (Richard Marisa)

ACIS
----
  From Spatial Technology. It's a Solid Modelling kernel callable from C.
  Heard that many universities got free copies from the company.
  The person to contact regarding ACIS in academic institutions is

    Scott Owens, e-mail: sdo@spatial.com

  And their address is:

  Spatial Technology, Inc.
  2425 55th St., Bldg. A
  Boulder, CO 80301-5704
  Phone: (303) 449-0649, Fax: (303) 449-0926

MOVIE-BYU / CQUEL.BYU
---------------------
  Basically [in my understanding], this is a FEM pre- and post-proccessor
  system. It's fairly old today, but it still serves some people in
  Mech. Eng. Depts.
  Now it's superseded from CQUEL.BYU (pronounced "sequel"). That's a
  complete modelling, animation and visualization package. Runs in the usual
  workstation environments (SUN, DEC, HP, SGI, IBM RS6000, and others)
  You can get a demo version (30-days trial period) either by sending $20
  USD in their address or a blank tape. It costs 1,500 for a full run-time
  licence.

  Contact:

  Engineering Computer Graphics Lab
  368 Clyde Building, Brigham Young Univ.
  Provo, UT 84602
  Phone: 801-378-2812
  E-mail: cquel@byu.edu


twixt
-----
  Soon to add stuff about it... If I get a reply to my FAX

VOXBLAST
--------
  It's a volume renderer marketed by:
  Vaytek Inc. (Fairfield, Iowa phone: 515-472-2227) , running on PCs
  with 386+FPU at least.  Call Vaytek for more info.

VoxelBox
--------
  A 3D Volume renderer for Windows. Features include direct
  ray-traced volume rendering, color and alpha mapping,
  gradient lighting, animation, reflections and shadows.

  Runs on a PC(386 or higher) with at least an 8 bit video card(SVGA is fine)
  under Windows 3.x. It costs $495.

  Contact:

  Jaguar Software Inc.
  573 Main St., Suite 9B
  Winchester, MA 01890
  (617) 729-3659
  jwp@world.std.com (john w poduska)

==========================================================================

7. Scene description languages
==============================

NFF
---
  Neutral file format , by Eric Haines. Very simple, there are some
  procedural database generators in the SPD package, and many objects
  floating in various FTP sites. There's also a previewer written in
  HP Starbase from E.Haines. Also there's one written in VOGLE, so you can
  use any of the devices VOGLE can output on.
  (Check in sites carrying VOGLE, like gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au)

OFF
---
  Object file format, from DEC's Randy Rost (rost@kpc.com).
[ The object archive server seems to be mothballed. In a future version,
 I'll remove the ref. to it -- nfotis ]

  Available also through their mail server. To obtain help about using this
  service, send a message with a "Subject:" line containing only the word
  "help" and a null message body to: object-archive-server@decwrl.dec.com.
  [For FTP places to get it, see in the relevant place]. There's an OFF
  previewer for SGI 4D machines, called off-preview in
  godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au . There are previewers for xview and sunview,
  also on gondwana.

TDDD
----
It's a library of 3D objects with translators to/from OFF, NFF,
Rayshade, Imagine or vort objects.
Edited copy of the announcement follows (from Raytracing News, V4,#3):

  New Library of 3D Objects Available via FTP, by Steve Worley
  (worley@cup.portal.com)

  I have assembled a set of over 150 3D objects in a binary format
  called TDDD. These objects range from human figures to airplanes,
  from semi-trucks to lampposts.  These objects are all freely
  distributable, and most have READMEs that describe them.

  In order to convert these objects to a human-readable format, a file
  with the specification of TDDD is included in the directory with the
  objects. There is also a shareware system called TTDDDLIB (officially
  on hubcap.clemson.edu) that will convert (ala PBM+) to/from various
  object formats : Imagine TTDDD (extension of TDDD?), OFF, NFF,
  Rayshade 4.0, or vort. Source included for Amiga/Unix as executables
  for the Amiga. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric views
  in Postscript.

P3D
---
  From Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center. The P3D uses lisp with slight
  extensions to store three-dimensional models. A simple lisp
  interpreter is included with the P3D release, so there is no need to
  have access to any vendor's lisp to run this software.

  The mouse-driven user interfaces for Motif, Open Look, and Silicon
  Graphics GL, and the DrawP3D subroutine library for generating P3D
  without ever looking at the underlying Lisp.

  The P3D software currently supports nine renderers.  They are:
  Painter - Painter's Algorithm, Dore, Silicon Graphics Inc. GL language,
  Generic Phigs, Sun Phigs+, DEC Phigs+, Rayshade, ART ray tracer (from
  VORT package) and Pixar RenderMan.

  The code is available via anonymous FTP from the machines
  ftp.psc.edu, directory pub/p3d, and nic.funet.fi, directory
  pub/graphics/programs/p3d.

RenderMan
---------
  Pixar's RenderMan is not free - call Pixar for details.

==========================================================================

8. Solids description formats
=============================

a. EEC's ESPRIT project 322 CAD*I (CAD Interfaces) has developed a
  neutral file format for transfer of CAD data (curves, surfaces, and
  solid models between CAD systems and from CAD to CAA (Computer Aided
  Analysis) an CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)

b. IGES [v. 5.1 now] tries to define a standard to tranfer solid
  models - Brep and CSG. The current standard number is ANSI Y14.26M-1987
  For documentation, you might want to contact Nancy Flower at
  NCGA Technical Services and Standards, 1-800-225-6242 ext. 325
  and the cost is $100.
  This standard is not available in electronic format.

c. PDES/STEP : This slowly emerging standard tries to encompass not only
  the geometrical information, but also for things like FEM, etc.
  The main bodies besides this standard are NIST and DARPA. You can get
  more information about PDES by sending mail to nptserver@cme.nist.gov
  and putting the line
	send index
  in the body (NOT the Subject:) area of the message.

  The people at Rutherford Appleton Lab.  are also working
  on STEP tools: they have an EXPRESS compiler and an Exchange file parser,
  both available in source form (and for free) for research purposes.
  Soon they will also have an EXPRESS-based database system.

  For the tools contact Mike Mead, Phone: +44 (0235) 44 6710 (FAX: x 5893),
  e-mail: mm@inf.rl.ac.uk or {...!}mcsun!uknet!rlinf!mm or
          mm%inf.rl.ac.uk@NSFnet-relay.ac.uk

==========================================================================

End of Part 1 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Ellipse from Its Offset


Hi! Everyone,

Since some people quickly solved the problem of determining a sphere from
4 points, I suddenly recalled a problem which is how to find the ellipse
from its offset. For example, given 5 points on the offset, can you find
the original ellipse analytically?

I spent two months solving this problem by using analytical method last year,
but I failed. Under the pressure, I had to use other method - nonlinear
programming technique to deal with this problem approximately.

Any ideas will be greatly appreciated. Please post here, let the others
share our interests.

Yeh
USC

From: d88-jwa@hemul.nada.kth.se (Jon Wtte)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In <Z2442B4w164w@cellar.org> tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:

>> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>> 
>> Can you please offer some recommendations?

I think APDA has something called MacWireFrame which is a full
wire-frame (and supposedly hidden-line removal) library.
I think it weighs in at $99 (but I've been wrong on an order
of magnitude before)

>Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I can relate to that

					/h+
-- 
 -- Jon W{tte, h+@nada.kth.se, Mac Hacker Deluxe --

  "On a clear disc, you can seek forever."

From: Peter.vanderveen@visser.el.wau.nl  (Peter van der Veen)
Subject: To yhe one who wants fonts in POV/POLYRAY/VIVID

To everyone who wants fonts in Vivid/POV/Polyray.
The Borland BGI font converter is VVFONT18.ZIP.
This program can be found on FTP.INFORMATIK.UNI-OLDENBURG.DE directory
pub/dkbtrace/utils.
Also WUARCHIVE has mirrored this site (directory graphics/graphics/mirrors/
ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/dkbtrace/utils.
There are more nice utilities present in this directory.
A new version of Polyray 1.6 (for those asked for it) can be found on the 
same sites but in the directory INCOMING instead of UTILS (PLY16386).
Also in this directory POVSHELL and PV3DV060 could be found.
Have a nive raytrace time.
Peter

 /*---------*\*/*-------------------------------------------*\
 *|  ____/|  *|*    PETER.VANDERVEEN@VISSER.EL.WAU.NL       |*
 *|  \ o.O|  *|*    Department of Genetics                  |*
 *|   =(_)=  *|*    Agricultural University                 |*
 *|     U    *|*    Wageningen, The Netherlands             |*
 \*---------*/*\*-------------------------------------------*/

Subject: newss
From: pollarda@physc1.byu.edu



I am working on a project where we are going to be including
both still and moving grapics within a database.  Of course
JPEG and MPEG come to mind as the formats of choice for the
various files.  However, from what I read on the Net, it seems
as if there are several different forms of each of these.

What I want to do, is settle on a file format which I can count
on as being a standard format 10 years from now.  I know Apple is going
to support Quicktime on the new Power PC's and, so this
may be the format of choice.

What format does Apple's Quicktime use for their products?  I guess
it is some kind of MPEG for their motion picture. Is it any different
than standard MPEG files?

Thanx for any info!

Art.
Pollarda@xray.byu.edu


  

Subject: PD 3D Viewer wanted
From: qiaok@bones.et.byu.edu (Kun Qiao)

I am looking for a public domain 3d viewer.  It does not have to be very
fancy.  The features I want is simple wireframe display, flat shading, 
simple transformation.  It would be nice to have hidden line.    

Any information is appreciated.


From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1993Apr17.113223.12092@imag.fr> schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer) writes:

>Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
>with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
>So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
>think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
>not very nice.

No, VGALIB?  Amazing..  I guess it was lost in all those subdirs :-)
Thanks for correcting me.  It doesn't sound very appealing though, only
320x200?  I'm glad it wasn't something major I missed.

Thanks,

From: schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <C5LErr.1J3@rahul.net>, bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
|> In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:
|> 
|> >A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
|> >am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
|> >Thanks!
|> > 
|> 
|> Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
|> any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
|> so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
|> graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
|> X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
|> doc, image viewers like xv, etc.
|> 

Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
not very nice.

Best Regards,

Arno

-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arno Schaefer				ENSIMAG, 2e Annee
Email: schaefer@silene.imag.fr
Tel.: (33) 76 51 79 95			:-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
Subject: Need specs/info on Apple QuickTime

I need to get the specs, or at least a very verbose interpretation of the
specs, for QuickTime.  Technical articles from magazines and references to
books would be nice too.

I also need the specs in a format usable on a Unix or MS-DOS system.  I can't
do much with the QuickTime stuff they have on ftp.apple.com in its present
format.

Thanks in advance.

James D. Murray
add@sciences.sdsu.edu

From: harti@mikro.ee.tu-berlin.de (Stefan Hartmann (Behse))
Subject: Genoa graphics board Drivers FTP site!

Hi,

well I have opened up a FTP site for getting the latest software drivers
for Genoa graphics cards.

Here is how to access it:

ftp 192.109.42.11
login:ftp
password:ftp
cd pub/genoa
ls -l
binary
prompt
hash

(now if you wanna have the latest drivers for the 7900 board)

cd 7000series
mget *

quit

This is the sequence to get the drivers.

If you have any further question, please email me.

Best regards, Stefan Hartmann
email to: harti@mikro.ee.tu-berlin.de

From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <C5LEvt.1nJ@rahul.net> bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
>In <1qlobb$p5a@tuegate.tue.nl> renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>[Most info regarding dangers of reading from Floppy disks omitted]
>>unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
>>program to do this...
>Nevertheless, it is an important bug that needs to be squashed.  I am
>merely pointing out that it was probably overlooked.  While it is serious,
>one must keep in mind that it will probably affect at most 5% of the
>targeted users of CView.

OK, I don't use CView anymore, but I saw that no one had explaind this
"bug" in the thread, so here goes:

It is NOT the fault of CView.  It is DOS!  If you leave a file open on a
floppy drive, then change the disk and do something which updates or closes
that file, you have a good chance of getting part of the directory and FAT
from the other disk written to the new disk.  This has always been true,
and has destroyed data under other programs, not just CView.

The only thing CView can do to improve the situation is to try not to leave
files open unless it's actively using them (ie, reading and decoding).

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Fast polygon routine needed

This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.  I have one that works right now, but
its very slow.  Could anyone point me to one, pref in ASM that is fairly well
documented and flexible?
	Thanx,
            //Lucas.

From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
>polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.

	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?

From: idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> mcmains@unt.edu (Sean McMains) writes:
>
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

A 68070 is just a 68010 with a built in MMU.  I don't even think that Moto.
manufactures them.

                                  - Ian Romanick
                                    Dancing Fool of Epsilon

[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]
 | Were the contained thoughts 'opinions',     EPN.NTSC.quality = Best|
 | PSU would probably not agree with them.                            |
 |                                                                    |
 | "Look, I don't know anything about                                 |
 | douche, but I do know Anti-Freeze                                  |
 | when I see it!" - The Dead Milkmen                                 |
[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]

From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: MS-Windows graphics viewer?


Howdy all,

	I was wondering if people could e-mail me their opinions on
the various graphics viewers available for MS-Windows 3.x...  I'm
working on a project to set up our scanner and write documentation on
how to use it and it would be nice to have a snazzy image viewer 
to look at (and maybe even edit?) the image you just scanned.

The file formats I'm looking for:

GIF
JPEG
TIFF
PCX
whatever other 'major' file formats there are.

Thanks a lot for your help

Grant

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
In the days of old,
When Knights were bold,
	And women were too cautious;
Oh, those gallant days,
When women were women,
	And men were really obnoxious ...

From: rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com> ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado) writes:
>In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>|> In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
>|> Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>|> >   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>|> >a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>|> >like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
[snip]
(the 3DO is not a 68000!!!)
>|> 
>|> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
>|> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
>|> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
>|> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
>|> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
>|> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
>|> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
>|> dynamic material.
[snip]
>booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
>using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
>quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
>(1.5).
>
>   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
>nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
>3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
>wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
>increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 
>
>   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
>what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
>could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.
>
>   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
>a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
>from memory!
>
>   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
>hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
>animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?
>
>   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.
>


The 3DO box is based on an ARM RISC processor, one or two custom graphics
chips, a DSP, a double-speed CDROM, and 2MB of RAM/VRAM. (I'm a little
fuzzy on the breakdown of the graphics chips and RAM/VRAM capacity).

It was demonstrated at a recent gathering at the Electronic Cafe in
Santa Monica, CA. From 3DO, RJ Mical (of Amiga/Lynx fame) and Hal
Josephson (sp?) were there to talk about the machine and their plan. We
got to see the unit displaying full-screen movies using the CompactVideo codec
(which was nice, very little blockiness showing clips from Jaws and Backdraft)
... and a very high frame rate to boot (like 30fps).

Note however that the 3DO's screen resolution is 320x240.

CompactVideo is pretty amazing... I also wanted to point out that QuickTime
does indeed slow down when one dynamically resizes material as was stated
above... I'm sure if the material had been compressed at the large size
then it would play back fine (I have a Q950 and do this quite a bit). The
price of generality... personally I don't use the dynamic sizing of movies
often, if ever. But playing back stuff at its original size is plenty quick
on the latest 040 machines.

I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

Rob Barris
Quicksilver Software Inc.
rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu

From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>>This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
>>polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>
>	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?

To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, done in C and
ASM.  I need a faster way to draw concave polygons that the method I have right
now, which is very slow.
	 //Lucas.

From: kennu@mits.mdata.fi (Kenneth Falck)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <C5Mv2n.49t@rahul.net> bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
>In <1993Apr17.113223.12092@imag.fr> schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer) writes:
>
>>Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
>>with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
>>So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
>>think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
>>not very nice.
>
>No, VGALIB?  Amazing..  I guess it was lost in all those subdirs :-)
>Thanks for correcting me.  It doesn't sound very appealing though, only
>320x200?  I'm glad it wasn't something major I missed.

Tommy Frandsen's VGAlib (which is probably what you're talking about)
will do the standard VGA modes, some tweaked modes and then the Tseng
ET4000 Super VGA modes. I have an ET4000 and I'm viewing GIF's at
640x480/256 (I have a lousy/small monitor) with dpg-view on Linux. I
think I had to change some constants in the dpg-view sources to make it
use the ET4k modes.

VGAlib's sources seem to be designed for easy addition of new Super VGA
support; each mode is an array of register values and there's a program
that dumps an array declaration of this kind describing the current
mode. Haven't tried it though...

(Btw, my version of VGAlib is 1.2.)

-- 
kennu@mits.mdata.fi
Try Linux, a free UNIX by Linus Torvalds for 386+'s. Read comp.os.linux
(or ask me by email if you like) for more information. You can run X11,
TeX, GNU EMACS and much more on top of a nice POSIX environment.

From: fineman@stein2.u.washington.edu (Twixt your toes)
Subject: Anyone know use "rayshade" out there?

I'm using "rayshade" on the u.w. computers here, and i'd like input
from other users, and perhaps swap some ideas.  I could post
uuencoded .gifs here, or .ray code, if anyone's interested.  I'm having
trouble coming up with colors that are metallic (i.e. brass, steel)
from the RGB values.

If you're on the u.w. machines, check out "~fineman/rle.files/*.rle" on 
stein.u.washington.edu for some of what i've got.  

dan



From: Mike_Peredo@mindlink.bc.ca (Mike Peredo)
Subject: Re: "Fake" virtual reality

The most ridiculous example of VR-exploitation I've seen so far is the
"Virtual Reality Clothing Company" which recently opened up in Vancouver. As
far as I can tell it's just another "chic" clothes spot. Although it would be
interesting if they were selling "virtual clothing"....

E-mail me if you want me to dig up their phone # and you can probably get
some promotional lit.

MP
(8^)-


From: craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson)
Subject: Video in/out


I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
What cards should I be looking into?

Thanks,
Craig

-- 
                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
 Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
 craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers

From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: MS-Windows screen grabber?


Howdy all,

Where could I find a screen-grabber program for MS-Windows?  I'm 
writing up some documentation and it would be VERY helpful to include
sample screens into the document.

Please e-mail as I don't usualy follow this group.

Thanks a lot,

Grant

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
"The human brain is like an enormous fish -- it is flat and slimy and
has gills through which it can see."
		-- Monty Python

From: mjw19@cl.cam.ac.uk (M.J. Williams)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <2BD07605.18974@news.service.uci.edu> rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris) writes:
>                                                                     We
>got to see the unit displaying full-screen movies using the CompactVideo codec
>(which was nice, very little blockiness showing clips from Jaws and Backdraft)
>... and a very high frame rate to boot (like 30fps).

Acorn Replay running on a 25MHz ARM 3 processor (the ARM 3 is about 20% slower
than the ARM 6) does this in software (off a standard CD-ROM). 16 bit colour at
about the same resolution (so what if the computer only has 8 bit colour
support, real-time dithering too...). The 3D0/O is supposed to have a couple of
DSPs - the ARM being used for housekeeping.

>I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
>the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

A 25MHz ARM 6xx should clock around 20 ARM MIPS, say 18 flat out. Depends
really on the surrounding system and whether you are talking ARM6x or ARM6xx
(the latter has a cache, and so is essential to run at this kind of speed with
slower memory).

I'll stop saying things there 'cos I'll hopefully be working for ARM after
graduation...

Mike

PS Don't pay heed to what reps from Philips say; if the 3D0/O doesn't beat the
   pants off 3DI then I'll eat this postscript.
--
____________________________________________________________________________
\  /  / Michael Williams                     Part II Computer Science Tripos
|\/|\/\ MJW19@phx.cam.ac.uk                          University of Cambridge
|  |(__)Cymdeithas Genedlaethol Traddodiad Troi Teigrod Mwythus Ben I Waered

From: edb@dmssyd.syd.dms.CSIRO.AU (Ed Breen)
Subject: DICTA-93


                Australian Pattern Recognition Society

                         2nd CALL FOR PAPERS

                               DICTA-93

                          2nd Conference on -

         DIGITAL IMAGING COMPUTING: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS


Location: Macquarie Theatre
          Macquarie University
          Sydney

Date: 8-10 December 1993.


   DICTA-93 is the second biennial national conference of the
Australian Pattern Recognition Society.

   This event will provide an opportunity for any persons with an
interest in computer vision, digital image processing/analysis and other
aspects of pattern recognition to become informed about contemporary
developments in the area, to exchange ideas, to establish contacts and
to share details of their own work with others.

        The Following invited speakers will provide specialised
presentations:

Prof Gabor T. Herman, University of Pennsylvania on Medical Imaging.

Prof. R.M. Hodgson, Massey University New Zealand on Computer Vision.

Prof. Dominique Juelin, Centre de Morphologie Mathematique, Paris on
Mathematical Morphology.

Prof. John Richards, Aust. Defence Force Academy, Canberra on Remote
Sensing.

Dr. Phillip K. Robertson, CSIRO Division of Information Technology,
Canberra on Interactive Visualisation.


   The conference will concentrate on (but is not limited to) the
following areas of image processing:-

                * Computer Vision and Object Recognition
                * Motion Analysis
                * Morphology
                * Medical Imaging
                * Fuzzy logic and Neural Networks
                * Image Coding
                * Machine Vision and Robotics
                * Enhancement and Restoration
                * Enhancement and Restoration
                * Visualisation
                * Industrial Applications
                * Software and Hardware Tools

   Papers are sought for presentation at the conference and publication
in the conference proceedings. Submission for peer review should consist
of an extended abstract of 750-1000 words of doubled spaced text, summarizing the
technical aspects of the paper and any results that will be quoted.
Final papers should be limited to no more than 8 pages of text and
illustrations in camera-ready form.


   Four (4) copies of the abstract should be sent to:


                               DICTA-93
                          C/- Tony Adriaansen
                  CSIRO - Division of Wool Technology
                                PO Box 7
                             Ryde NSW 2112
                               Australia



                            IMPORTANT DATES

                Abstract due            - 25th June 1993
                Acceptance notified     - 27th August 1993
                Final paper due         - 15th October 1993



SOCIAL PROGRAM:

The conference dinner will be held on the Thursday 9th of December 1993.
Other social activities are being arranged.

Situated on a beautiful harbour, Sydney has many and varied places of
interest. The Opera House and Harbour Bridge are just two of the well
known landmarks. Harbour cruises, city tours to the Blue Mountains run
daily. We can provide further information on request.


ACCOMMODATION:

Accommodation within 15 min walking distance is available, ranging from
college style to 5 star Hotel facilities. Information will be supplied
upon request.


CONFERENCE FEES:

                        before 30th Sep.        After 30th Sep.
APRS Members              A$220                   A$250
APRS Student Members      A$120                   A$150
Others                    A$250                   A$280

Conference Dinner         A$35
on Dec 9th 1993


-------------------------------------------------------------
                ADVANCED REGISTRATION

Name:
Organisation:
Address

Phone:
Fax:
email:

                - I am a current Member of APRS.

                - I am not a current member of APRS.

                - Please send me information on accommodation.


I enclose a cheque for

-------------------------------------------------------------

Please send the above form to

DICTA-93
C/- Tony Adriaansen
CSIRO - Division of Wool Technology
PO Box 7
Ryde NSW 2112
Australia

The cheques should be made payable to DICTA-93.

For further information contact:
* Tony Adriaansen (02) 809 9495
* Athula Ginigie  (02) 330 2393
* email: dicta93@ee.uts.edu.au

APRS is a member of IAPP the International Association for Pattern
Recognition, Inc. An affiliated member of the International Federation
for Information Processing.





From: ebuhcb@ebu.ericsson.se (Cuyler Buckwalter 66678)
Subject: Re: So what is the fastest Windows video c

In article 16APR199309101156@trentu.ca, ayounes@trentu.ca (Amro Younes, Trent University, C.C. #314, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 7B8. (705) 749-0391) writes:
>I have the ATI GRAPHICS ULTRA PRO EISA version.  I must admit it has 
>received bad press but that was due to the faulty drivers it had.  

PC Magazine seems to be impressed with the ATI card in their most recent
reviews.  In the April 13th issue they rate the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro
(EISA version) as their "Editor's Choice".  They noted that the drivers
had improved since they tested the ISA version in January...
                                                            ...Cuyler

From: cavalier@blkbox.COM (Bill Egan)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

jgreen@amber (Joe Green) writes:
>> > Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?

>Do you have Weitek's address/phone number?  I'd like to get some information
>about this chip.

Yes, I am very interested in this chip.  Please follow up or email.

--
Bill Egan          
Cavalier Graphics
Houston, Texas
Email: cavalier@blkbox.com 

From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: JPEG image compression: Frequently Asked Questions

Archive-name: jpeg-faq
Last-modified: 18 April 1993

This FAQ article discusses JPEG image compression.  Suggestions for
additions and clarifications are welcome.

New since version of 3 April 1993:
  * New versions of Image Archiver and PMJPEG for OS/2.


This article includes the following sections:

[1]  What is JPEG?
[2]  Why use JPEG?
[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?
[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?
    [6A] "canned" software, viewers, etc.
    [6B] source code
[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
[8]  How does JPEG work?
[9]  What about lossless JPEG?
[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?
[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
[12]  What about arithmetic coding?
[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

Sections 1-6 are basic info that every JPEG user needs to know;
sections 7-14 are advanced info for the curious.

This article is posted every 2 weeks.  You can always find the latest version
in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu (18.172.1.27).  By FTP, fetch
/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq; or if you don't have FTP, send e-mail to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with body "send usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq".
Many other FAQ articles are also stored in this archive.  For more
instructions on use of the archive, send e-mail to the same address with the
words "help" and "index" (no quotes) on separate lines.  If you don't get a
reply, the server may be misreading your return address; add a line such as
"path myname@mysite" to specify your correct e-mail address to reply to.


----------


[1]  What is JPEG?

JPEG (pronounced "jay-peg") is a standardized image compression mechanism.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the
committee that wrote the standard.  JPEG is designed for compressing either
full-color or gray-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes.
It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line
drawings.

JPEG does not handle black-and-white (1-bit-per-pixel) images, nor does it
handle motion picture compression.  Standards for compressing those types
of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG
respectively.

JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in.  The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitations of the human eye, notably
the fact that small color details aren't perceived as well as small details
of light-and-dark.  Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images that will
be looked at by humans.  If you plan to machine-analyze your images, the
small errors introduced by JPEG may be a problem for you, even if they are
invisible to the eye.

A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by
adjusting compression parameters.  This means that the image maker can trade
off file size against output image quality.  You can make *extremely* small
files if you don't mind poor quality; this is useful for indexing image
archives, making thumbnail views or icons, etc. etc.  Conversely, if you
aren't happy with the output quality at the default compression setting, you
can jack up the quality until you are satisfied, and accept lesser compression.


[2]  Why use JPEG?

There are two good reasons: to make your image files smaller, and to store
24-bit-per-pixel color data instead of 8-bit-per-pixel data.

Making image files smaller is a big win for transmitting files across
networks and for archiving libraries of images.  Being able to compress a
2 Mbyte full-color file down to 100 Kbytes or so makes a big difference in
disk space and transmission time!  (If you are comparing GIF and JPEG, the
size ratio is more like four to one.  More details below.)

If your viewing software doesn't support JPEG directly, you'll have to
convert JPEG to some other format for viewing or manipulating images.  Even
with a JPEG-capable viewer, it takes longer to decode and view a JPEG image
than to view an image of a simpler format (GIF, for instance).  Thus, using
JPEG is essentially a time/space tradeoff: you give up some time in order to
store or transmit an image more cheaply.

It's worth noting that when network or phone transmission is involved, the
time savings from transferring a shorter file can be much greater than the
extra time to decompress the file.  I'll let you do the arithmetic yourself.

The other reason why JPEG will gradually replace GIF as a standard Usenet
posting format is that JPEG can store full color information: 24 bits/pixel
(16 million colors) instead of 8 or less (256 or fewer colors).  If you have
only 8-bit display hardware then this may not seem like much of an advantage
to you.  Within a couple of years, though, 8-bit GIF will look as obsolete as
black-and-white MacPaint format does today.  Furthermore, for reasons detailed
in section 7, JPEG is far more useful than GIF for exchanging images among
people with widely varying color display hardware.  Hence JPEG is considerably
more appropriate than GIF for use as a Usenet posting standard.


[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?

JPEG is *not* going to displace GIF entirely; for some types of images,
GIF is superior in image quality, file size, or both.  One of the first
things to learn about JPEG is which kinds of images to apply it to.

As a rule of thumb, JPEG is superior to GIF for storing full-color or
gray-scale images of "realistic" scenes; that means scanned photographs and
similar material.  JPEG is superior even if you don't have 24-bit display
hardware, and it is a LOT superior if you do.  (See section 7 for details.)

GIF does significantly better on images with only a few distinct colors,
such as cartoons and line drawings.  In particular, large areas of pixels
that are all *exactly* the same color are compressed very efficiently indeed
by GIF.  JPEG can't squeeze these files as much as GIF does without
introducing visible defects.  This sort of image is best kept in GIF form.
(In particular, single-color borders are quite cheap in GIF files, but they
should be avoided in JPEG files.)

JPEG also has a hard time with very sharp edges: a row of pure-black pixels
adjacent to a row of pure-white pixels, for example.  Sharp edges tend to
come out blurred unless you use a very high quality setting.  Again, this
sort of thing is not found in scanned photographs, but it shows up fairly
often in GIF files: borders, overlaid text, etc.  The blurriness is
particularly objectionable with text that's only a few pixels high.
If you have a GIF with a lot of small-size overlaid text, don't JPEG it.

Computer-drawn images (ray-traced scenes, for instance) usually fall between
scanned images and cartoons in terms of complexity.  The more complex and
subtly rendered the image, the more likely that JPEG will do well on it.
The same goes for semi-realistic artwork (fantasy drawings and such).

Plain black-and-white (two level) images should never be converted to JPEG.
You need at least about 16 gray levels before JPEG is useful for gray-scale
images.  It should also be noted that GIF is lossless for gray-scale images
of up to 256 levels, while JPEG is not.

If you have an existing library of GIF images, you may wonder whether you
should convert them to JPEG.  You will lose a little image quality if you do.
(Section 7, which argues that JPEG image quality is superior to GIF, only
applies if both formats start from a full-color original.  If you start from
a GIF, you've already irretrievably lost a great deal of information; JPEG
can only make things worse.)  However, the disk space savings may justify
converting anyway.  This is a decision you'll have to make for yourself.
If you do convert a GIF library to JPEG, see section 14 for hints.  Be
prepared to leave some images in GIF format, since some GIFs will not
convert well.


[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?

Pretty darn well.  Here are some sample file sizes for an image I have
handy, a 727x525 full-color image of a ship in a harbor.  The first three
files are for comparison purposes; the rest were created with the free JPEG
software described in section 6B.

File	   Size in bytes		Comments

ship.ppm	1145040  Original file in PPM format (no compression; 24 bits
			 or 3 bytes per pixel, plus a few bytes overhead)
ship.ppm.Z	 963829  PPM file passed through Unix compress
			 compress doesn't accomplish a lot, you'll note.
			 Other text-oriented compressors give similar results.
ship.gif	 240438  Converted to GIF with ppmquant -fs 256 | ppmtogif
			 Most of the savings is the result of losing color
			 info: GIF saves 8 bits/pixel, not 24.  (See sec. 7.)

ship.jpg95	 155622  cjpeg -Q 95    (highest useful quality setting)
			 This is indistinguishable from the 24-bit original,
			 at least to my nonprofessional eyeballs.
ship.jpg75	  58009  cjpeg -Q 75    (default setting)
			 You have to look mighty darn close to distinguish this
			 from the original, even with both on-screen at once.
ship.jpg50	  38406  cjpeg -Q 50
			 This has slight defects; if you know what to look
			 for, you could tell it's been JPEGed without seeing
			 the original.  Still as good image quality as many
			 recent postings in Usenet pictures groups.
ship.jpg25	  25192  cjpeg -Q 25
			 JPEG's characteristic "blockiness" becomes apparent
			 at this setting (djpeg -blocksmooth helps some).
			 Still, I've seen plenty of Usenet postings that were
			 of poorer image quality than this.
ship.jpg5o	   6587  cjpeg -Q 5 -optimize  (-optimize cuts table overhead)
			 Blocky, but perfectly satisfactory for preview or
			 indexing purposes.  Note that this file is TINY:
			 the compression ratio from the original is 173:1 !

In this case JPEG can make a file that's a factor of four or five smaller
than a GIF of comparable quality (the -Q 75 file is every bit as good as the
GIF, better if you have a full-color display).  This seems to be a typical
ratio for real-world scenes.


[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?

Most JPEG compressors let you pick a file size vs. image quality tradeoff by
selecting a quality setting.  There seems to be widespread confusion about
the meaning of these settings.  "Quality 95" does NOT mean "keep 95% of the
information", as some have claimed.  The quality scale is purely arbitrary;
it's not a percentage of anything.

The name of the game in using JPEG is to pick the lowest quality setting
(smallest file size) that decompresses into an image indistinguishable from
the original.  This setting will vary from one image to another and from one
observer to another, but here are some rules of thumb.

The default quality setting (-Q 75) is very often the best choice.  This
setting is about the lowest you can go without expecting to see defects in a
typical image.  Try -Q 75 first; if you see defects, then go up.  Except for
experimental purposes, never go above -Q 95; saying -Q 100 will produce a
file two or three times as large as -Q 95, but of hardly any better quality.

If the image was less than perfect quality to begin with, you might be able to
go down to -Q 50 without objectionable degradation.  On the other hand, you
might need to go to a HIGHER quality setting to avoid further degradation.
The second case seems to apply much of the time when converting GIFs to JPEG.
The default -Q 75 is about right for compressing 24-bit images, but -Q 85 to
95 is usually better for converting GIFs (see section 14 for more info).

If you want a very small file (say for preview or indexing purposes) and are
prepared to tolerate large defects, a -Q setting in the range of 5 to 10 is
about right.  -Q 2 or so may be amusing as "op art".

(Note: the quality settings discussed in this article apply to the free JPEG
software described in section 6B, and to many programs based on it.  Other
JPEG implementations, such as Image Alchemy, may use a completely different
quality scale.  Some programs don't even provide a numeric scale, just
"high"/"medium"/"low"-style choices.)


[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?

Most of the programs described in this section are available by FTP.
If you don't know how to use FTP, see the FAQ article "How to find sources".
(If you don't have direct access to FTP, read about ftpmail servers in the
same article.)  That article appears regularly in news.answers, or you can
get it by sending e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
"send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.  The "Anonymous FTP
List FAQ" may also be helpful --- it's usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq in
the news.answers archive.

NOTE: this list changes constantly.  If you have a copy more than a couple
months old, get the latest JPEG FAQ from the news.answers archive.


[6A]  If you are looking for "canned" software, viewers, etc:

The first part of this list is system-specific programs that only run on one
kind of system.  If you don't see what you want for your machine, check out
the portable JPEG software described at the end of the list.  Note that this
list concentrates on free and shareware programs that you can obtain over
Internet; but some commercial programs are listed too.

X Windows:

John Bradley's free XV (version 2.00 and up) is an excellent viewer for JPEG,
GIF, and other image formats.  It's available for FTP from export.lcs.mit.edu
or ftp.cis.upenn.edu.  The file is called 'xv-???.tar.Z' (where ??? is the
version number, currently 2.21); it is located in the 'contrib' directory on
export or the 'pub/xv' directory at upenn.  XV reduces all images to 8 bits
internally, which means it's not a real good choice if you have a 24-bit
display (you'll still get only 8-bit color).  Also, you shouldn't use XV to
convert full-color images to JPEG, because they'll get color-quantized first.
But XV is a fine tool for converting GIF and other 8-bit images to JPEG.
CAUTION: there is a glitch in versions 2.21 and earlier: be sure to check
the "save at normal size" checkbox when saving a JPEG file, or the file will
be blurry.

Another good choice for X Windows is John Cristy's free ImageMagick package,
also available from export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.
This package handles many image processing and conversion tasks.  The
ImageMagick viewer handles 24-bit displays correctly; for colormapped
displays, it does better (though slower) color quantization than XV or the
basic free JPEG software.

Both of the above are large, complex packages.  If you just want a simple
image viewer, try xloadimage or xli.  xloadimage supports JPEG in its latest
release, 3.03.  xloadimage is free and available from export.lcs.mit.edu,
file contrib/xloadimage.3.03.tar.Z.  xli is a variant version of xloadimage,
said by its fans to be somewhat faster and more robust than the original.
(The current xli is indeed faster and more robust than the current
xloadimage, at least with respect to JPEG files, because it has the IJG v4
decoder while xloadimage 3.03 is using a hacked-over v1.  The next
xloadimage release will fix this.)  xli is also free and available from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/xli.1.14.tar.Z.  Both programs are said
to do the right thing with 24-bit displays.


MS-DOS:

This covers plain DOS; for Windows or OS/2 programs, see the next headings.

One good choice is Eric Praetzel's free DVPEG, which views JPEG and GIF files.
The current version, 2.4a, is available by FTP from sunee.uwaterloo.ca
(129.97.50.50), file pub/jpeg/viewers/dvpeg24a.zip.  This is a good basic
viewer that works on either 286 or 386/486 machines.  The user interface is
not flashy, but it's functional.

Another freeware JPEG/GIF/TGA viewer is Mohammad Rezaei's Hiview.  The
current version, 1.2, is available from Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
below), file msdos/graphics/hv12.zip.  Hiview requires a 386 or better CPU
and a VCPI-compatible memory manager (QEMM386 and 386MAX work; Windows and
OS/2 do not).  Hiview is currently the fastest viewer for images that are no
bigger than your screen.  For larger images, it scales the image down to fit
on the screen (rather than using panning/scrolling as most viewers do).
You may or may not prefer this approach, but there's no denying that it
slows down loading of large images considerably.  Note: installation is a
bit tricky; read the directions carefully!

A shareware alternative is ColorView for DOS ($30).  This is easier to
install than either of the two freeware alternatives.  Its user interface is
also much spiffier-looking, although personally I find it harder to use ---
more keystrokes, inconsistent behavior.  It is faster than DVPEG but a
little slower than Hiview, at least on my hardware.  (For images larger than
screen size, DVPEG and ColorView seem to be about the same speed, and both
are faster than Hiview.)  The current version is 2.1, available from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/dcview21.zip.
Requires a VESA graphics driver; if you don't have one, look in vesadrv2.zip
or vesa-tsr.zip from the same directory.  (Many recent PCs have a built-in
VESA driver, so don't try to load a VESA driver unless ColorView complains
that the driver is missing.)

A second shareware alternative is Fullview, which has been kicking around
the net for a while, but I don't know any stable archive location for it.
The current (rather old) version is inferior to the above viewers anyway.
The author tells me that a new version of Fullview will be out shortly
and it will be submitted to the Simtel20 archives at that time.

The well-known GIF viewer CompuShow (CSHOW) supports JPEG in its latest
revision, 8.60a.  However, CSHOW's JPEG implementation isn't very good:
it's slow (about half the speed of the above viewers) and image quality is
poor except on hi-color displays.  Too bad ... it'd have been nice to see a
good JPEG capability in CSHOW.  Shareware, $25.  Available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/gif/cshw860a.zip.

Due to the remarkable variety of PC graphics hardware, any one of these
viewers might not work on your particular machine.  If you can't get *any*
of them to work, you'll need to use one of the following conversion programs
to convert JPEG to GIF, then view with your favorite GIF viewer.  (If you
have hi-color hardware, don't use GIF as the intermediate format; try to
find a TARGA-capable viewer instead.  VPIC5.0 is reputed to do the right
thing with hi-color displays.)

The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG converters are FTPable from Simtel20
and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/jpeg4.zip (or
jpeg4386.zip if you have a 386 and extended memory).  These files are DOS
compilations of the free source code described in section 6B; they will
convert JPEG to and from GIF, Targa, and PPM formats.

Handmade Software offers free JPEG<=>GIF conversion tools, GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF.
These are slow and are limited to conversion to and from GIF format; in
particular, you can't get 24-bit color output from a JPEG.  The major
advantage of these tools is that they will read and write HSI's proprietary
JPEG format as well as the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Since HSI-format
files are rather widespread on BBSes, this is a useful capability.  Version
2.0 of these tools is free (prior versions were shareware).  Get it from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/gif2jpg2.zip.
NOTE: do not use HSI format for files to be posted on Internet, since it is
not readable on non-PC platforms.

Handmade Software also has a shareware image conversion and manipulation
package, Image Alchemy.  This will translate JPEG files (both JFIF and HSI
formats) to and from many other image formats.  It can also display images.
A demo version of Image Alchemy version 1.6.1 is available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/alch161.zip.

NOTE ABOUT SIMTEL20: The Internet's key archive site for PC-related programs
is Simtel20, full name wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (192.88.110.20).  Simtel20
runs a non-Unix system with weird directory names; where this document
refers to directory (eg) "msdos/graphics" at Simtel20, that really means
"pd1:<msdos.graphics>".  If you are not physically on MILnet, you should
expect rather slow FTP transfer rates from Simtel20.  There are several
Internet sites that maintain copies (mirrors) of the Simtel20 archives;
most FTP users should go to one of the mirror sites instead.  A popular USA
mirror site is oak.oakland.edu (141.210.10.117), which keeps Simtel20 files
in (eg) "/pub/msdos/graphics".  If you have no FTP capability, you can
retrieve files from Simtel20 by e-mail; see informational postings in
comp.archives.msdos.announce to find out how.  If you are outside the USA,
consult the same newsgroup to learn where your nearest Simtel20 mirror is.

Microsoft Windows:

There are several Windows programs capable of displaying JPEG images.
(Windows viewers are generally slower than DOS viewers on the same hardware,
due to Windows' system overhead.  Note that you can run the DOS conversion
programs described above inside a Windows DOS window.)

The newest entry is WinECJ, which is free and EXTREMELY fast.  Version 1.0
is available from ftp.rahul.net, file /pub/bryanw/pc/jpeg/wecj.zip.
Requires Windows 3.1 and 256-or-more-colors mode.  This is a no-frills
viewer with the bad habit of hogging the machine completely while it
decodes; and the image quality is noticeably worse than other viewers.
But it's so fast you'll use it anyway, at least for previewing...

JView is freeware, fairly fast, has good on-line help, and can write out the
decompressed image in Windows BMP format; but it can't create new JPEG
files, and it doesn't view GIFs.  JView also lacks some other useful
features of the shareware viewers (such as brightness adjustment), but it's
an excellent basic viewer.  The current version, 0.9, is available from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84), file pub/pc/win3/desktop/jview090.zip.
(Mirrors of this archive can be found at some other Internet sites,
including wuarchive.wustl.edu.)

WinJPEG (shareware, $20) displays JPEG,GIF,Targa,TIFF, and BMP image files;
it can write all of these formats too, so it can be used as a converter.
It has some other nifty features including color-balance adjustment and
slideshow.  The current version is 2.1, available from Simtel20 and mirror
sites (see NOTE above), file msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip.  (This is a slow
286-compatible version; if you register, you'll get the 386-only version,
which is roughly 25% faster.)

ColorView is another shareware entry ($30).  This was an early and promising
contender, but it has not been updated in some time, and at this point it
has no real advantages over WinJPEG.  If you want to try it anyway, the
current version is 0.97, available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, file
pub/pc/win3/desktop/cview097.zip.  (I understand that a new version will
be appearing once the authors are finished with ColorView for DOS.)

DVPEG (see DOS heading) also works under Windows, but only in full-screen
mode, not in a window.

OS/2:

The following files are available from hobbes.nmsu.edu (128.123.35.151).
Note: check /pub/uploads for more recent versions --- the hobbes moderator
is not very fast about moving uploads into their permanent directories.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/jpegv4.zip
    32-bit version of free IJG conversion programs, version 4.
/pub/os2/all/graphics/jpeg4-16.zip
    16-bit version of same, for OS/2 1.x.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/imgarc11.zip
    Image Archiver 1.01: image conversion/viewing with PM graphical interface.
    Strong on conversion functions, viewing is a bit weaker.  Shareware, $15.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmjpeg11.zip
    PMJPEG 1.1: OS/2 2.x port of WinJPEG, a popular viewer for Windows
    (see description in Windows section).  Shareware, $20.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmview84.zip
    PMView 0.84: JPEG/GIF/BMP viewer.  GIF viewing very fast, JPEG viewing
    fast if you have huge amounts of RAM, otherwise about the same speed
    as the above programs.  Strong 24-bit display support.  Shareware, $20.

Macintosh:

Most Mac JPEG programs rely on Apple's JPEG implementation, which is part of
the QuickTime system extension; so you need to have QuickTime installed.
To use QuickTime, you need a 68020 or better CPU and you need to be running
System 6.0.7 or later.  (If you're running System 6, you must also install
the 32-bit QuickDraw extension; this is built-in on System 7.)  You can get
QuickTime by FTP from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/quicktime.hqx.
(As of 11/92, this file contains QuickTime 1.5, which is better than QT 1.0
in several ways.  With respect to JPEG, it is marginally faster and
considerably less prone to crash when fed a corrupt JPEG file.  However,
some applications seem to have compatibility problems with QT 1.5.)

Mac users should keep in mind that QuickTime's JPEG format, PICT/JPEG, is
not the same as the Usenet-standard JFIF JPEG format.  (See section 10 for
details.)  If you post images on Usenet, make sure they are in JFIF format.
Most of the programs mentioned below can generate either format.

The first choice is probably JPEGView, a free program for viewing images
that are in JFIF format, PICT/JPEG format, or GIF format.  It also can
convert between the two JPEG formats.  The current version, 2.0, is a big
improvement over prior versions.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
(36.44.0.6), file /info-mac/app/jpeg-view-20.hqx.  Requires System 7 and
QuickTime.  On 8-bit displays, JPEGView usually produces the best color
image quality of all the currently available Mac JPEG viewers.  JPEGView can
view large images in much less memory than other Mac viewers; in fact, it's
the only one that can deal with JPEG images much over 640x480 pixels on a
typical 4MB Mac.  Given a large image, JPEGView automatically scales it down
to fit on the screen, rather than presenting scroll bars like most other
viewers.  (You can zoom in on any desired portion, though.)  Some people
like this behavior, some don't.  Overall, JPEGView's user interface is very
well thought out.

GIFConverter, a shareware ($40) image viewer/converter, supports JFIF and
PICT/JPEG, as well as GIF and several other image formats.  The latest
version is 2.3.2.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/art/gif/gif-converter-232.hqx.  Requires System 6.0.5 or later.
GIFConverter is not better than JPEGView as a plain JPEG/GIF viewer, but
it has much more extensive image manipulation and format conversion
capabilities, so you may find it worth its shareware fee if you do a lot of
playing around with images.  Also, the newest version of GIFConverter can
load and save JFIF images *without* QuickTime, so it is your best bet if
your machine is too old to run QuickTime.  (But it's faster with QuickTime.)
Note: If GIFConverter runs out of memory trying to load a large JPEG, try
converting the file to GIF with JPEG Convert, then viewing the GIF version.

JPEG Convert, a Mac version of the free IJG JPEG conversion utilities, is
available from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file /info-mac/app/jpeg-convert-10.hqx.
This will run on any Mac, but it only does file conversion, not viewing.
You can use it in conjunction with any GIF viewer.

Previous versions of this FAQ recommended Imagery JPEG v0.6, a JPEG<=>GIF
converter based on an old version of the IJG code.  If you are using this
program, you definitely should replace it with JPEG Convert.

Apple's free program PictPixie can view images in JFIF, QuickTime JPEG, and
GIF format, and can convert between these formats.  You can get PictPixie
from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/qt.1.0.stuff/pictpixie.hqx.
Requires QuickTime.  PictPixie was intended as a developer's tool, and it's
really not the best choice unless you like to fool around with QuickTime.
Some of its drawbacks are that it requires lots of memory, it produces
relatively poor color image quality on anything less than a 24-bit display,
and it has a relatively unfriendly user interface.  Worse, PictPixie is an
unsupported program, meaning it has some minor bugs that Apple does not
intend to fix.  (There is an old version of PictPixie, called
PICTCompressor, floating around the net.  If you have this you should trash
it, as it's even buggier.  Also, the QuickTime Starter Kit includes a much
cleaned-up descendant of PictPixie called Picture Compressor.  Note that
Picture Compressor is NOT free and may not be distributed on the net.)

Storm Technology's Picture Decompress is a free JPEG viewer/converter.
This rather old program is inferior to the above programs in many ways, but
it will run without System 7 or QuickTime, so you may be forced to use it on
older systems.  (It does need 32-bit QuickDraw, so really old machines can't
use it.)  You can get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/app/picture-decompress-201.hqx.  You must set the file type of a
downloaded image file to 'JPEG' to allow Picture Decompress to open it.

If your machine is too old to run 32-bit QuickDraw (a Mac Plus for instance),
GIFConverter is your only choice for single-program JPEG viewing.  If you
don't want to pay for GIFConverter, use JPEG Convert and a free GIF viewer.

More and more commercial Mac applications are supporting JPEG, although not
all can deal with the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Adobe Photoshop, version
2.0.1 or later, can read and write JFIF-format JPEG files (use the JPEG
plug-in from the Acquire menu).  You must set the file type of a downloaded
JPEG file to 'JPEG' to allow Photoshop to recognize it.

Amiga:

(Most programs listed in this section are stored in the AmiNet archive at
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (130.60.80.80).  There are many mirror sites of this
archive and you should try to use the closest one.  In the USA, a good
choice is wuarchive.wustl.edu; look under /mirrors/amiga.physik.unizh.ch/...)

HamLab Plus is an excellent JPEG viewer/converter, as well as being a
general image manipulation tool.  It's cheap (shareware, $20) and can read
several formats besides JPEG.  The current version is 2.0.8.  A demo version
is available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/edit/hamlab208d.lha.  The demo version will crop images larger
than 512x512, but it is otherwise fully functional.

Rend24 (shareware, $30) is an image renderer that can display JPEG, ILBM,
and GIF images.  The program can be used to create animations, even
capturing frames on-the-fly from rendering packages like Lightwave.  The
current version is 1.05, available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror
sites), file amiga/os30/gfx/rend105.lha.  (Note: although this directory is
supposedly for AmigaDOS 3.0 programs, the program will also run under
AmigaDOS 1.3, 2.04 or 2.1.)

Viewtek is a free JPEG/ILBM/GIF/ANIM viewer.  The current version is 1.04,
available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/show/ViewTek104.lha.

If you're willing to spend real money, there are several commercial packages
that support JPEG.  Two are written by Thomas Krehbiel, the author of Rend24
and Viewtek.  These are CineMorph, a standalone image morphing package, and
ImageFX, an impressive 24-bit image capture, conversion, editing, painting,
effects and prepress package that also includes CineMorph.  Both are
distributed by Great Valley Products.  Art Department Professional (ADPro),
from ASDG Inc, is the most widely used commercial image manipulation
software for Amigas.  ImageMaster, from Black Belt Systems, is another
well-regarded commercial graphics package with JPEG support.

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Amigas from
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites) in directory amiga/gfx/conv, file
AmigaJPEGV4.lha.  These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM,GIF,Targa formats.

The Amiga world is heavily infested with quick-and-dirty JPEG programs, many
based on an ancient beta-test version of the free IJG JPEG software (thanks
to a certain magazine that published same on its disk-of-the-month, without
so much as notifying the authors).  Among these are "AugJPEG", "NewAmyJPEG",
"VJPEG", and probably others I have not even heard of.  In my opinion,
anything older than IJG version 3 (March 1992) is not worth the disk space
it's stored on; if you have such a program, trash it and get something newer.

Atari ST:

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Atari ST, TT, etc,
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/jpeg4bin.zoo.
These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM, GIF, Targa formats.

I have not heard of any free or shareware JPEG-capable viewer for Ataris,
but surely there must be one by now?  Pointers appreciated.

Acorn Archimedes:

!ChangeFSI, supplied with RISC OS 3 version 3.10, can convert from and view
JPEG JFIF format.  Provision is also made to convert images to JPEG,
although this must be done from the CLI rather than by double-clicking.

Recent versions (since 7.11) of the shareware program Translator can handle
JPEG, along with about 30 other image formats.  While older versions can be
found on some Archimedes bboards, the current version is only available by
registering with the author, John Kortink, Nutterbrink 31, 7544 WJ, Enschede,
The Netherlands.  Price 35 Dutch guilders (about $22 or 10 pounds).

There's also a commercial product called !JPEG which provides JPEG read/write
functionality and direct JPEG viewing, as well as a host of other image
format conversion and processing options.  This is more expensive but not
necessarily better than the above programs.  Contact: DT Software, FREEPOST,
Cambridge, UK.  Tel: 0223 841099.


Portable software for almost any system:

If none of the above fits your situation, you can obtain and compile the free
JPEG conversion software described in 6B.  You'll also need a viewer program.
If your display is 8 bits or less, any GIF viewer will do fine; if you have a
display with more color capability, try to find a viewer that can read Targa
or PPM 24-bit image files.

There are numerous commercial JPEG offerings, with more popping up every
day.  I recommend that you not spend money on one of these unless you find
the available free or shareware software vastly too slow.  In that case,
purchase a hardware-assisted product.  Ask pointed questions about whether
the product complies with the final JPEG standard and about whether it can
handle the JFIF file format; many of the earliest commercial releases are
not and never will be compatible with anyone else's files.


[6B]  If you are looking for source code to work with:

Free, portable C code for JPEG compression is available from the Independent
JPEG Group, which I lead.  A package containing our source code,
documentation, and some small test files is available from several places.
The "official" archive site for this source code is ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9
or 192.48.96.9).  Look under directory /graphics/jpeg; the current release
is jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z.  (This is a compressed TAR file; don't forget to
retrieve in binary mode.)  You can retrieve this file by FTP or UUCP.
If you are on a PC and don't know how to cope with .tar.Z format, you may
prefer ZIP format, which you can find at Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
above), file msdos/graphics/jpegsrc4.zip.  This file will also be available on
CompuServe, in the GRAPHSUPPORT forum (GO PICS), library 15, as jpsrc4.zip.
If you have no FTP access, you can retrieve the source from your nearest
comp.sources.misc archive; version 4 appeared as issues 55-72 of volume 34.
(If you don't know how to retrieve comp.sources.misc postings, see the FAQ
article "How to find sources", referred to at the top of section 6.)

The free JPEG code provides conversion between JPEG "JFIF" format and image
files in GIF, PBMPLUS PPM/PGM, Utah RLE, and Truevision Targa file formats.
The core compression and decompression modules can easily be reused in other
programs, such as image viewers.  The package is highly portable; we have
tested it on many machines ranging from PCs to Crays.

We have released this software for both noncommercial and commercial use.
Companies are welcome to use it as the basis for JPEG-related products.
We do not ask a royalty, although we do ask for an acknowledgement in
product literature (see the README file in the distribution for details).
We hope to make this software industrial-quality --- although, as with
anything that's free, we offer no warranty and accept no liability.

The Independent JPEG Group is a volunteer organization; if you'd like to
contribute to improving our software, you are welcome to join.


[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?

Most people don't have full-color (24 bit per pixel) display hardware.
Typical display hardware stores 8 or fewer bits per pixel, so it can display
256 or fewer distinct colors at a time.  To display a full-color image, the
computer must map the image into an appropriate set of representative
colors.  This process is called "color quantization".  (This is something
of a misnomer, "color selection" would be a better term.  We're stuck with
the standard usage though.)

Clearly, color quantization is a lossy process.  It turns out that for most
images, the details of the color quantization algorithm have MUCH more impact
on the final image quality than do any errors introduced by JPEG (except at
the very lowest JPEG quality settings).

Since JPEG is a full-color format, converting a color JPEG image for display
on 8-bit-or-less hardware requires color quantization.  This is true for
*all* color JPEGs: even if you feed a 256-or-less-color GIF into JPEG, what
comes out of the decompressor is *not* 256 colors, but thousands of colors.
This happens because JPEG's lossiness affects each pixel a little
differently, so two pixels that started with identical colors will probably
come out with slightly different colors.  Each original color gets "smeared"
into a group of nearby colors.  Therefore quantization is always required to
display a color JPEG on a colormapped display, regardless of the image
source.  The only way to avoid quantization is to ask for gray-scale output.

(Incidentally, because of this effect it's nearly meaningless to talk about
the number of colors used by a JPEG image.  Even if you attempted to count
the number of distinct pixel values, different JPEG decoders would give you
different results because of roundoff error differences.  I occasionally see
posted images described as "256-color JPEG".  This tells me that the poster
(a) hasn't read this FAQ and (b) probably converted the JPEG from a GIF.
JPEGs can be classified as color or gray-scale (just like photographs), but
number of colors just isn't a useful concept for JPEG.)

On the other hand, a GIF image by definition has already been quantized to
256 or fewer colors.  (A GIF *does* have a definite number of colors in its
palette, and the format doesn't allow more than 256 palette entries.)
For purposes of Usenet picture distribution, GIF has the advantage that the
sender precomputes the color quantization, so recipients don't have to.
This is also the *disadvantage* of GIF: you're stuck with the sender's
quantization.  If the sender quantized to a different number of colors than
what you can display, you have to re-quantize, resulting in much poorer
image quality than if you had quantized once from a full-color image.
Furthermore, if the sender didn't use a high-quality color quantization
algorithm, you're out of luck.

For this reason, JPEG offers the promise of significantly better image quality
for all users whose machines don't match the sender's display hardware.
JPEG's full color image can be quantized to precisely match the user's display
hardware.  Furthermore, you will be able to take advantage of future
improvements in quantization algorithms (there is a lot of active research in
this area), or purchase better display hardware, to get a better view of JPEG
images you already have.  With a GIF, you're stuck forevermore with what was
sent.

It's also worth mentioning that many GIF-viewing programs include rather
shoddy quantization routines.  If you view a 256-color GIF on a 16-color EGA
display, for example, you are probably getting a much worse image than you
need to.  This is partly an inevitable consequence of doing two color
quantizations (one to create the GIF, one to display it), but often it's
also due to sloppiness.  JPEG conversion programs will be forced to use
high quality quantizers in order to get acceptable results at all, and in
normal use they will quantize directly to the number of colors to be
displayed.  Thus, JPEG is likely to provide better results than the average
GIF program for low-color-resolution displays as well as high-resolution ones!

Finally, an ever-growing number of people have better-than-8-bit display
hardware already: 15-bit "hi-color" PC displays, true 24-bit displays on
workstations and Macintoshes, etc.  For these people, GIF is already
obsolete, as it cannot represent an image to the full capabilities of their
display.  JPEG images can drive these displays much more effectively.
Thus, JPEG is an all-around better choice than GIF for representing images
in a machine-independent fashion.


[8]  How does JPEG work?

The buzz-words to know are chrominance subsampling, discrete cosine
transforms, coefficient quantization, and Huffman or arithmetic entropy
coding.  This article's long enough already, so I'm not going to say more
than that here.  For technical information, see the comp.compression FAQ.
This is available from the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu, in files
/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq/part[1-3].  If you need help in
using the news.answers archive, see the top of this article.


[9]  What about lossless JPEG?

There's a great deal of confusion on this subject.  The JPEG committee did
define a truly lossless compression algorithm, i.e., one that guarantees the
final output is bit-for-bit identical to the original input.  However, this
lossless mode has almost nothing in common with the regular, lossy JPEG
algorithm, and it offers much less compression.  At present, very few
implementations of lossless JPEG exist, and all of them are commercial.

Saying "-Q 100" to the free JPEG software DOES NOT get you a lossless image.
What it does get rid of is deliberate information loss in the coefficient
quantization step.  There is still a good deal of information loss in the
color subsampling step.  (With the V4 free JPEG code, you can also say
"-sample 1x1" to turn off subsampling.  Keep in mind that many commercial
JPEG implementations cannot cope with the resulting file.)

Even with both quantization and subsampling turned off, the regular JPEG
algorithm is not lossless, because it is subject to roundoff errors in
various calculations.  The maximum error is a few counts in any one pixel
value; it's highly unlikely that this could be perceived by the human eye,
but it might be a concern if you are doing machine processing of an image.

At this minimum-loss setting, regular JPEG produces files that are perhaps
half the size of an uncompressed 24-bit-per-pixel image.  True lossless JPEG
provides roughly the same amount of compression, but it guarantees
bit-for-bit accuracy.

If you have an application requiring lossless storage of images with less
than 6 bits per pixel (per color component), you may want to look into the
JBIG bilevel image compression standard.  This performs better than JPEG
lossless on such images.  JPEG lossless is superior to JBIG on images with
6 or more bits per pixel; furthermore, JPEG is public domain (at least with a
Huffman back end), while the JBIG techniques are heavily covered by patents.


[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?

Strictly speaking, JPEG refers only to a family of compression algorithms;
it does *not* refer to a specific image file format.  The JPEG committee was
prevented from defining a file format by turf wars within the international
standards organizations.

Since we can't actually exchange images with anyone else unless we agree on
a common file format, this leaves us with a problem.  In the absence of
official standards, a number of JPEG program writers have just gone off to
"do their own thing", and as a result their programs aren't compatible with
anybody else's.

The closest thing we have to a de-facto standard JPEG format is some work
that's been coordinated by people at C-Cube Microsystems.  They have defined
two JPEG-based file formats:
  * JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), a "low-end" format that transports
    pixels and not much else.
  * TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, an extension of the Aldus TIFF format.  TIFF is
    a "high-end" format that will let you record just about everything you
    ever wanted to know about an image, and a lot more besides :-).  TIFF is
    a lot more complex than JFIF, and may well prove less transportable,
    because different vendors have historically implemented slightly different
    and incompatible subsets of TIFF.  It's not likely that adding JPEG to the
    mix will do anything to improve this situation.
Both of these formats were developed with input from all the major vendors
of JPEG-related products; it's reasonably likely that future commercial
products will adhere to one or both standards.

I believe that Usenet should adopt JFIF as the replacement for GIF in
picture postings.  JFIF is simpler than TIFF and is available now; the
TIFF 6.0 spec has only recently been officially adopted, and it is still
unusably vague on some crucial details.  Even when TIFF/JPEG is well
defined, the JFIF format is likely to be a widely supported "lowest common
denominator"; TIFF/JPEG files may never be as transportable.

A particular case that people may be interested in is Apple's QuickTime
software for the Macintosh.  QuickTime uses a JFIF-compatible format wrapped
inside the Mac-specific PICT structure.  Conversion between JFIF and
QuickTime JPEG is pretty straightforward, and several Mac programs are
available to do it (see Mac portion of section 6A).  If you have an editor
that handles binary files, you can strip a QuickTime JPEG PICT down to JFIF
by hand; see section 11 for details.

Another particular case is Handmade Software's programs (GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF and
Image Alchemy).  These programs are capable of reading and writing JFIF
format.  By default, though, they write a proprietary format developed by
HSI.  This format is NOT readable by any non-HSI programs and should not be
used for Usenet postings.  Use the -j switch to get JFIF output.  (This
applies to old versions of these programs; the current releases emit JFIF
format by default.  You still should be careful not to post HSI-format
files, unless you want to get flamed by people on non-PC platforms.)


[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?

If you have an alleged JPEG file that your software won't read, it's likely
to be HSI format or some other proprietary JPEG-based format.  You can tell
what you have by inspecting the first few bytes of the file:

1.  A JFIF-standard file will start with the characters (hex) FF D8 FF E0,
    followed by two variable bytes (often hex 00 10), followed by 'JFIF'.

2.  If you see FF D8 at the start, but not the rest of it, you may have a
    "raw JPEG" file.  This is probably decodable as-is by JFIF software ---
    it's worth a try, anyway.

3.  HSI files start with 'hsi1'.  You're out of luck unless you have HSI
    software.  Portions of the file may look like plain JPEG data, but they
    won't decompress properly with non-HSI programs.

4.  A Macintosh PICT file, if JPEG-compressed, will have a couple hundred
    bytes of header followed by a JFIF header (scan for 'JFIF').  Strip off
    everything before the FF D8 and you should be able to read it.

5.  Anything else: it's a proprietary format, or not JPEG at all.  If you are
    lucky, the file may consist of a header and a raw JPEG data stream.
    If you can identify the start of the JPEG data stream (look for FF D8),
    try stripping off everything before that.

In uuencoded Usenet postings, the characteristic JFIF pattern is

	"begin" line
	M_]C_X ...

whereas uuencoded HSI files will start with

	"begin" line
	M:'-I ...

If you learn to check for the former, you can save yourself the trouble of
downloading non-JFIF files.


[12]  What about arithmetic coding?

The JPEG spec defines two different "back end" modules for the final output
of compressed data: either Huffman coding or arithmetic coding is allowed.
The choice has no impact on image quality, but arithmetic coding usually
produces a smaller compressed file.  On typical images, arithmetic coding
produces a file 5 or 10 percent smaller than Huffman coding.  (All the
file-size numbers previously cited are for Huffman coding.)

Unfortunately, the particular variant of arithmetic coding specified by the
JPEG standard is subject to patents owned by IBM, AT&T, and Mitsubishi.
Thus *you cannot legally use arithmetic coding* unless you obtain licenses
from these companies.  (The "fair use" doctrine allows people to implement
and test the algorithm, but actually storing any images with it is dubious
at best.)

At least in the short run, I recommend that people not worry about
arithmetic coding; the space savings isn't great enough to justify the
potential legal hassles.  In particular, arithmetic coding *should not*
be used for any images to be exchanged on Usenet.

There is some small chance that the legal situation may change in the
future.  Stay tuned for further details.


[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?

It would be nice if, having compressed an image with JPEG, you could
decompress it, manipulate it (crop off a border, say), and recompress it
without any further image degradation beyond what you lost initially.
Unfortunately THIS IS NOT THE CASE.  In general, recompressing an altered
image loses more information, though usually not as much as was lost the
first time around.

The next best thing would be that if you decompress an image and recompress
it *without changing it* then there is no further loss, i.e., you get an
identical JPEG file.  Even this is not true; at least, not with the current
free JPEG software.  It's essentially a problem of accumulation of roundoff
error.  If you repeatedly compress and decompress, the image will eventually
degrade to where you can see visible changes from the first-generation
output.  (It usually takes many such cycles to get visible change.)
One of the things on our to-do list is to see if accumulation of error can
be avoided or limited, but I am not optimistic about it.

In any case, the most that could possibly be guaranteed would be that
compressing the unmodified full-color output of djpeg, at the original
quality setting, would introduce no further loss.  Even such simple changes
as cropping off a border could cause further roundoff-error degradation.
(If you're wondering why, it's because the pixel-block boundaries move.
If you cropped off only multiples of 16 pixels, you might be safe, but
that's a mighty limited capability!)

The bottom line is that JPEG is a useful format for archival storage and
transmission of images, but you don't want to use it as an intermediate
format for sequences of image manipulation steps.  Use a lossless format
(PPM, RLE, TIFF, etc) while working on the image, then JPEG it when you are
ready to file it away.  Aside from avoiding degradation, you will save a lot
of compression/decompression time this way :-).


[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

As stated earlier, you *will* lose some amount of image information if you
convert an existing GIF image to JPEG.  If you can obtain the original
full-color data the GIF was made from, it's far better to make a JPEG from
that.  But if you need to save space and have only the GIF to work from,
here are some suggestions for getting maximum space savings with minimum
loss of quality.

The first rule when converting a GIF library is to look at each JPEG, to
make sure you are happy with it, before throwing away the corresponding GIF;
that will give you a chance to re-do the conversion with a higher quality
setting if necessary.  Some GIFs may be better left as GIFs, as explained in
section 3; in particular, cartoon-type GIFs with sixteen or fewer colors
don't convert well.  You may find that a JPEG file of reasonable quality
will be *larger* than the GIF.  (So check the sizes too.)

Experience to date suggests that large, high-visual-quality GIFs are the best
candidates for conversion to JPEG.  They chew up the most storage so offer
the most potential savings, and they convert to JPEG with least degradation.
Don't waste your time converting any GIF much under 100 Kbytes.  Also, don't
expect JPEG files converted from GIFs to be as small as those created
directly from full-color originals.  To maintain image quality you may have
to let the converted files be as much as twice as big as straight-through
JPEG files would be (i.e., shoot for 1/2 or 1/3rd the size of the GIF file,
not 1/4th as suggested in earlier comparisons).

Many people have developed an odd habit of putting a large constant-color
border around a GIF image.  While useless, this was nearly free in terms of
storage cost in GIF files.  It is NOT free in JPEG files, and the sharp
border boundary can create visible artifacts ("ghost" edges).  Do yourself
a favor and crop off any border before JPEGing.  (If you are on an X Windows
system, XV's manual and automatic cropping functions are a very painless
way to do this.)

cjpeg's default Q setting of 75 is appropriate for full-color input, but
for GIF inputs, Q settings of 85 to 95 often seem to be necessary to avoid
image degradation.  (If you apply smoothing as suggested below, the higher
Q setting may not be necessary.)

Color GIFs of photographs or complex artwork are usually "dithered" to fool
your eye into seeing more than the 256 colors that GIF can actually store.
If you enlarge the image, you will see that adjacent pixels are often of
significantly different colors; at normal size the eye averages these pixels
together to produce the illusion of an intermediate color value.  The
trouble with dithering is that, to JPEG, it looks like high-spatial-frequency
color noise; and JPEG can't compress noise very well.  The resulting JPEG
file is both larger and of lower image quality than what you would have
gotten from JPEGing the original full color image (if you had it).
To get around this, you want to "smooth" the GIF image before compression.
Smoothing averages together nearby pixels, thus approximating the color that
you thought you saw anyway, and in the process getting rid of the rapid
color changes that give JPEG trouble.  Appropriate use of smoothing will
often let you avoid using a high Q factor, thus further reducing the size of
the compressed file, while still obtaining a better-looking output image
than you'd get without smoothing.

With the V4 free JPEG software (or products based on it), a simple smoothing
capability is built in.  Try "-smooth 10" or so when converting GIFs.
Values of 10 to 25 seem to work well for high-quality GIFs.  Heavy-handed
dithering may require larger smoothing factors.  (If you can see regular
fine-scale patterns on the GIF image even without enlargement, then strong
smoothing is definitely called for.)  Too large a smoothing factor will blur
the output image, which you don't want.  If you are an image processing
wizard, you can also do smoothing with a separate filtering program, such as
pnmconvol from the PBMPLUS package.  However, cjpeg's built-in smoother is
a LOT faster than pnmconvol...

The upshot of all this is that "cjpeg -quality 85 -smooth 10" is probably a
good starting point for converting GIFs.  But if you really care about the
image, you'll want to check the results and maybe try a few other settings.


---------------------

For more information about JPEG in general or the free JPEG software in
particular, contact the Independent JPEG Group at jpeg-info@uunet.uu.net.

-- 
			tom lane
			organizer, Independent JPEG Group
Internet: tgl@cs.cmu.edu	BITNET: tgl%cs.cmu.edu@carnegie

From: uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Well, the temp file thing creates an obvious problem: it is impossible to use
cview for viewing CD-ROM based picture collections. And it is the ONLY non-
windows viewer that works properly with my Cirrus-based 24 bit VGA.


From: uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams)
Subject: Re: CView answers

re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
didrectory?


From: full_gl@pts.mot.com (Glen Fullmer)
Subject: Needed: Plotting package that does...

Looking for a graphics/CAD/or-whatever package on a X-Unix box that will
take a file with records like:

n  a  b  p

where n = a count  - integer 
      a = entity a - string
      b = entity b - string
      p = type     - string

and produce a networked graph with nodes represented with boxes or circles
and the vertices represented by lines and the width of the line determined by
n.  There would be a different line type for each type of vertice. The boxes
need to be identified with the entity's name.  The number of entities < 1000
and vertices < 100000.  It would be nice if the tool minimized line
cross-overs and did a good job of layout.  ;-)

  I have looked in the FAQ for comp.graphics and gnuplot without success. Any
ideas would be appreciated?

Thanks,
--
Glen Fullmer,          glen_fullmer@pts.mot.com,                  (407)364-3296
*******************************************************************************
*  "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence                 *
*   over public relations, for Nature cannot be fooled." - Richard P. Feynman *
*******************************************************************************

From: mscrap@halcyon.com (Marta Lyall)
Subject: Re: Video in/out

Organization: "A World of Information at your Fingertips"
Keywords: 

In article <628@toontown.columbiasc.ncr.com> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson) writes:
>
>I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
>advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
>I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
>What cards should I be looking into?
>
>Thanks,
>Craig
>
>-- 
>                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
>-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
> Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers


Craig,

You should still consider the Targa+. I run windows 3.1 on it all the
time at work and it works fine. I think all you need is the right
driver. 

Josh West  
email: mscrap@halcyon.com


Subject: .GL and .FLI specs
From: arthur@qedbbs.com (Arthur Choung)

Can somebody point out to me where I can find the specs for .GL and .FLI files
found on PC's?

------------------------------
arthur@qedbbs.com (Arthur Choung)  or  qed!arthur
The QED BBS -- (310)420-9327

From: DonH@cup.portal.com (Don - Hirschfeld)
Subject: Re: MS-Windows graphics viewer?

Check out Image Pals v1.2 from U-Lead (until May, special $99 intro price,
310-523-9393). It has the basic image processing tools for all major formats,
does screen grabbing, and allows all your image files to be calalogged into
a thumbnail database. It's great!


Don

From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: Re: MS-Windows Screen Grabber (summary)


Hi again,

Many thanks to all the people who responded to my request for a MS-
Windows screen grabber.  It proves to me AGAIN that the net is a 
wonderful thing.  :-)

So, in summary:

There are two choices:

1)	Various screen grabber packages (Corel Draw has one, there are
a couple on simtel and cica).

2)	Use the built-in PrintScreen and Alt-PrintScreen functionality
to paste the screen (or window) to the clipboard.  Then paste the 
clipboard to your application.  Cool!

Again, thanks for the info...

Grant (the MS-Windows newbie -- Unix and X are my bag ;-)

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
A woman's place is in the wrong.
		-- James Thurber

From: tychay@cco.caltech.edu (Terrence Y. Chay)
Subject: TIFF (NeXT Appsoft draw) -> GIF conversion?

Okay all my friends are bitching at me that the map I made in Appsoft Draw
can't be displayed in "xv"... I checked... It's true, at least with version
1.0.  My readers on the NeXT have very little trouble on it (Preview messes
up the .eps, but does fine with the TIFF and ImageViewer0.9a behaves with
flying colors except it doesn't convert worth *&^^% ;-) )

  Please is there any way I can convert this .drw from Appsoft 1.0 on the NeXT
to something more reasonable like .gif?  I have access to a sun4 and NeXTstep
3.0 systems.  any good reliable conversion programs would be helpful... please
email, I'll post responses if anyone wants me to... please email that to.

Yes I used alphachannel... (god i could choke steve jobs right now ;-) )

Yes i know how to archie, but tell me what to archie for ;-)

Also is there a way to convert to .ps plain format? ImageViiewer0.9 turns
out nothing recognizable....

     terrychay

---
small editorial

-rw-r--r--  1 tychay   2908404 Apr 18 08:03 Undernet.tiff
-rw-r--r--  1 tychay     73525 Apr 18 08:03 Undernet.tiff.Z

and not using gzip! is it me or is there something wrong with this format?

From: disser@engin.umich.edu (David Disser)
Subject: 2D bitmap interpolation


Yesterday I wrote a program to do bilinear interpolation ala Numerical
Recipes, with the PBMPLUS libraries.  I'm pretty happy with the results,
but I'm looking for any already-coded non-linear interpolation schemes
before I go ahead an try to write one.  Any pointers?

--

) Dave Disser                 UM-CAEN User Services         Wealth is wasted
) disser@engin.umich.edu      229 Chrysler Center           on the old.
) (313) 763-3067              Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2092

From: pbenson@ecst.csuchico.edu (Paul A. Benson)
Subject: CD-ROM Indexes available

The file and contents listings for:

Knowledge Media Resource Library: Graphics 1
Knowledge Media Resource Library: Audio 1

are now available for anonymous FTP from cdrom.com

From: dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (Dr. Eldon Tyrell)
Subject: Re: So what is the fastest Windows video c

In article <1993Apr17.054600.24917@exu.ericsson.se> ebuhcb@ebu.ericsson.se writes:
>In article 16APR199309101156@trentu.ca, ayounes@trentu.ca (Amro Younes, Trent University, C.C. #314, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 7B8. (705) 749-0391) writes:
>>I have the ATI GRAPHICS ULTRA PRO EISA version.  I must admit it has 
>>received bad press but that was due to the faulty drivers it had.  
>
>PC Magazine seems to be impressed with the ATI card in their most recent
>reviews.  In the April 13th issue they rate the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro
>(EISA version) as their "Editor's Choice".  They noted that the drivers
>had improved since they tested the ISA version in January...
>                                                            ...Cuyler
Yeah - they also gave it their "Editor's Choice" in the run-down of
graphics accelerators they tested in the previous issue, which is why
I bought (and then returned) mine.  The only conclusion I can come up with
is that PC Magazine has wildly different ways on determining the worthiness
of a video card than I do.

-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


From: edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
Subject: HELP! Need JPEG / MPEG encod-decode 

I am involve in a Distant Learning project and am in need
of Jpeg and Mpeg encode/decode source and object code.
This is a NOT-FOR PROFIT project that once completed I
hope to release to other educational and institutional
learning centers.
This project requires that TRUE photographic images be sent
over plain telephone lines. In addition if there is a REAL Good
GUI lib with 3D objects and all types of menu classes that can
be use at both end of the transaction (Server and Terminal End)
I would like to hear about it.
 
We recently posted an RFD announcing the OTG (Open Telematic Group)
that will concern itself with the developement of such application
and that it would incorporate NAPLPS, JPEG, MPEG, Voice, IVR, FAX
Sprites, Animation(fli, flc, etc...).
At present only DOS and UNIX environment is being worked on and it
our hope that we can generate enough interest where all the major
platform can be accomodated via a plaform independent API/TOOLKIT/SDK
We are of the mind that it is about time that such project and group
be form to deal with these issues.
We want to setup a repository where these files may be access such as
Simte20 and start putting together a OTG FAQ.
If you have some or any information that in your opinion would be 
of interest to the OTG community and you like to see included in our
first FAQ please send it email to the address below.
 
Thanks in Advance
 
Ed
P.O. box 95901
Atlanta Ga. 30347-0901
(404)985-1198 zyxel 14.4
epimntl@world.std.com 
ed.pimentel@gisatl.fidonet.org


-- 
edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
gatech!kd4nc!vdbsan!willard!edimg
emory!uumind!willard!edimg
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>
Subject: scanned grey to color equations?

A while back someone had several equations which could be used for changing 3 f
iltered grey scale images into one true color image.  This is possible because
it's the same theory used by most color scanners.  I am not looking for the obv
ious solution which is to buy a color scanner but what I do need is those equat
ions becasue I am starting to write software which will automate the conversion
 process.  I would really appreciate it if someone would repost the 3 equations
/3 unknowns.   Thanks for the help!!!

From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: POV .TGA's and SpeedStar 24


I finally got a 24 bit viewer for my POVRAY generated .TGA files.

It was written in C by Sean Malloy and he kindly sent me a copy.  He
wrote it for the same purpose, to view .TGA files using his SpeedStar 24.

It ONLY works with the SpeedStar 24 and I cannot send copies since it is
not my program.  I believe the author may release a version at a future
time when the program is more developed.   He may or may not comment on
this, as he pleases.

Thanks to all who were helpful.

Regards,

Jim Nobles


From: agiacalo@nmsu.edu (Toni Giacalo)
Subject: need algorithm for reading and displaying bitmap files

I'm making a customized paint program in DOS and need an algorithm
for reading bitmap files like GIF, PCX, or BMP.  Does anyone have
such an algorithm?  I've tried copying one out of a book for reading
.PCX format but it doesn't work.  I will take an algorithm for any
format that can be created from Windows Paint.  
Thanks!
Toni

From: ken@cs.UAlberta.CA (Huisman Kenneth M)
Subject: images of earth

I am looking for some graphic images of earth shot from space. 
( Preferably 24-bit color, but 256 color .gif's will do ).

Anyways, if anyone knows an FTP site where I can find these, I'd greatly
appreciate it if you could pass the information on.  Thanks.


( please send email ).


Ken Huisman

ken@cs.ualberta.ca


From: watson@madvax.uwa.oz.au (David Watson)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu>, 
bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
 
|> Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
|> center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  

Finding the circumcenter of a tetrahedron is discussed on page 33 in

CONTOURING: A guide to the analysis and display of spatial data,
by Dave Watson, Pergamon Press,  1992, ISBN 0 08 040286 0, 321p.

Each pair of tetrahedral vertices define a plane which is a 
perpendicular bisector of the line between that pair.  Express each
plane in the form Ax + By + Cz = D
and solve the set of simultaneous equations from any three of those
planes that have a vertex in common (all vertices are used).  
The solution is the circumcenter.

-- 
Dave Watson                          Internet: watson@maths.uwa.edu.au
Department of Mathematics            
The University of Western Australia               Tel: (61 9) 380 3359
Nedlands, WA 6009  Australia.                     FAX: (61 9) 380 1028

From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: PaintProgram Wanted

Excuse the sheer newbieness of this post, but I am looking for a decent
PaintProgram which will save to various file formats (.BMP  .PCX  etc etc)
via ftp, freeware, or shareware.  I would like to check out the available
programs for little $$ before I check out the commercial market.

Thanks in advance for any help or direction you can give me.

Daemon

From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Subject: VESA as a graphics standard


In the UIBM PC world, how much of a "standard" has VESA become for
SVGA graphics?  I know there are lots of graphics-board companies out 
there, as well as several graphics chips manufacturers- are they adhering to
the VESA standard, and what effect is/will the VESA Local Bus have on all
of this?
Anyone?

From: egerter@gaul.csd.uwo.ca (Barry Egerter)
Subject: Where's DMORF?

	Could anyone direct me to the FTP site where I can find the DOS-based
morphing package called DMORF12.ZIP?  I had downloaded this file last week,
but the new DOS 6 crashed my hard drive and I lost it. Now I can't find the
site where I got it from.......

Also, are there any other morphing packages out for DOS (freeware or shareware)


Thanks in advance,
Barry

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|       \\          //  _______   _______    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca |
|        \\        //  //            |                                      |
|         \\  /\  //  ||   ___       |       Author of WGT graphics         |
|          \\//\\//   ||     \\      |       toolkit for 320*200*256 VGA    |
|           \/  \/ .   \\____// .    |  .    Version 3.5 Now Available      |
|                                          (Turbo/Borland C++ 1.0 or better)|
|JOYSTICK  MOUSE  GRAPHICS PRIMITIVES  NON-BGI POWER  GIF/PCX  DATA STORAGE |
|SPRITES  MULTIWAY SCROLLING GAMES  BITMAP WARPING/RESIZING  SB SUPPORT  FLI|
\___________________________________________________________________________/
-- 

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|       \\          //  _______   _______    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca |
|        \\        //  //            |                                      |

From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

I plan to post a summary of responses to this as soon as I have working
code, which I will also include.  The intersection of 3 planes method
looks best, but my implementation based on a short article in 
Graphics Gems I doesn't work.  I may be misinterpreting, of course.

I had avoided the simultaneous solution of the plane equations in favor
of dot and cross products, but the former may actually be better.  In either
case a matrix determinant needs to be computed (implicitly in the solution
of linear equations).

To get the planes, I was taking the midpoint of the line from, say,
P1 to P2, and setting the normal as the "normalized" vector from P1 to P2.
These just plugged into the formula in Graphics Gems.  HOwever, the resulting
center point is only occasionally equidistant from all 4 of my test points
(for different tests).  My matrix/vector math is very rusty, but it looks like
I need to verify the formula, or use the simultaneous equation solution, which
will require bringing in another routine I don't have (but should be easy to
find).

Another method is to first find the center of the circle defined by 2 sets
of 3 points, and intersecting the normals from there.  This would also define
the circle center.  However, small numerical imprecisions would make the
lines not intersect.  Supposedly 3 planes HAVE to intersect in a unique
point if they are not parallel.

Ed

Thanks to all who answered so far.
-- 
Ed Bolson
University of Washington  Cardiovascular Research               (206)543-4535
bolson@u.washington.edu (preferred)
bolson@max.bitnet                bolson@milton.u.washington.edu (if you must)

From: steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins)
Subject: Sphere from 4 points

>
>Another method is to first find the center of the circle defined by 2 sets
>of 3 points, and intersecting the normals from there.  This would also define
>the circle center.  However, small numerical imprecisions would make the
>lines not intersect.  Supposedly 3 planes HAVE to intersect in a unique
>point if they are not parallel.
>

Having thought about this, why don't you project the 2 lines onto the 2d
plane formed by the lines.  Do an intersection calculation in the plane in
2D, where you're guaranteed a unique solution (unless they're parallel which
won't happen in this case), and then use parametric distance along the lines
from the circle centres to determine the exact point of interest.  This
bypasses the messy error propogation required to do the calculation in 3d.

Hope I haven't put my foot in it again!

steve
---
-- 
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Steven Collins			| email: steve@crl.hitachi.co.jp |
| Visiting Computer Graphics Researcher	| phone: (0423)-23-1111 	 |
| Hitachi Central Research Lab. Tokyo.	| fax:   (0423)-27-7742		 |

From: ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com>, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado) writes:
> In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>
> |>
> |> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
> |> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
> |> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
> |> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
> |> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
> |> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
> |> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
> |> dynamic material.
>
>
>    Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
> but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
> claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
> those for c.s.m.a :-) )
>
>    I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had a
> booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
> using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
> quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
> (1.5).

That is in fact the current version (it only came out in December).

>    They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
> nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
> 3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
> wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
> increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps.
>
>    Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
> what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
> could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.
>
>    Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
> a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
> from memory!

My test movie was created at 320*240 resolution, it wasn't being scaled up.
Scaling was a very CPU-intensive operation with the original QuickTime (1.0);
the current version has optimizations for ratios like 4:1 (160*120 -> 320*240),
but even so, I'm prepared to believe that the performance isn't as good as
with playing back an actual 320*240 movie. I haven't done any numerical
measurements for scaled playback.

Lawrence D'Oliveiro                       fone: +64-7-856-2889
Computer Services Dept                     fax: +64-7-838-4066
University of Waikato            electric mail: ldo@waikato.ac.nz
Hamilton, New Zealand    37^ 47' 26" S, 175^ 19' 7" E, GMT+12:00

From: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu (Ed Stastny)
Subject: Chaos Editions: IDEA (Internation Directory of Electronic Arts)

I've borrowed the 1992-93 version of this book from a friend...holy
moley!  What a wealth of contacts.  Five-hundred pages of information
about electronic artists and organizations around the globe (many have
email addresses).  An up to the minute database of this information is
also available on Minitel (the book's based in France...are there any
Internet=>Minitel gates?).  The book is printed in French and English.
 
To have you or your organization listed in IDEA, just send your
information to:
 
Annick Bureaud
IDEA
57, rue Falguiere
75015 Paris
France
 
It's free to be listed in it, I'm not sure how widely distributed the
book is or how much it costs.  I'm not affiliated with them in any way,
I was just impressed by their collection of organizations and artists.
I highly encourage all involved in electronic media (video, music,
graphics, animation, etc.) to send in your entry and encourage them to
make their database available on Internet.
 
...e

--
Ed Stastny           | OTIS Project, END PROCESS, SOUND News and Arts 
PO BX 241113	     | FTP: sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS)
Omaha, NE 68124-1113 |      141.214.4.135 (projects/otis)
---------------------- EMail: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu, ed@sunsite.unc.edu

From: jhwitten@cs.ruu.nl (Jurriaan Wittenberg)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <1993Apr18.230732.27804@kakwa.ucs.ualberta.ca> ken@cs.UAlberta.CA (Huisman Kenneth M) writes:

>I am looking for some graphic images of earth shot from space. 
>( Preferably 24-bit color, but 256 color .gif's will do ).
>
>Anyways, if anyone knows an FTP site where I can find these, I'd greatly
>appreciate it if you could pass the information on.  Thanks.
>
>
Try FTP-ing at
 pub-info.jpl.nasa.gov  (128.149.6.2) (simple dir-structure)

and  ames.arc.nasa.gov
at /pub/SPACE/GIF and /pub/SPACE/JPEG
sorry only 8 bits gifs and jpegs :-( great piccy's though (try the *x.gif
files they're semi-huge gif89a files)
                           ^^-watch out gif89a dead ahead!!!
Good-luck (good software to be found out-there too)

Jurriaan

JHWITTEN@CS.RUU.NL 
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
|----=|=-<- - - - - - JHWITTEN@CS.RUU.NL- - - - - - - - - - - - ->-=|=----|
|----=|=-<-Jurriaan Wittenberg- - -Department of ComputerScience->-=|=----|
|____/|\_________Utrecht_________________The Netherlands___________/|\____|

From: neideck@nestvx.enet.dec.com (Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <2BD07605.18974@news.service.uci.edu> rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris) writes:
>I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
>the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

Why would it have to be much faster (it probably is) ? Assuming an ARM
is about as efficient as a MIPS R3000 for integer calculations, doing
a Compact-Video-like digital video codec is an easy task. For Software
Motion Pictures (which is a lot like Compact Video, though it predates
it), we get 48 frames/sec. at 320x240 on a DECstation 5000/200. That
machine has a 25 Mhz MIPS R3000. 

		Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz

Distributed Multimedia Group, CEC Karlsruhe          EERP Portfolio Manager
Software Motion Pictures & BERKOM II Project         Multimedia Base Technology
Digital Equipment Corporation
neidecker@nestvx.enet.dec.com

From: alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

spworley@netcom.com (Steve Worley) writes:

>bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:

>>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

>>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

>It's not a bad question: I don't have any refs that list this algorithm
>either. But thinking about it a bit, it shouldn't be too hard.

>1) Take three of the points and find the plane they define as well as
>the circle that they lie on (you say you have this algorithm already)

>2) Find the center  of this circle. The line passing through this center
>perpendicular to the plane of the three points passes through the center of
>the sphere.

>3) Repeat with the unused point and two of the original points. This
>gives you two different lines that both pass through the sphere's
>origin. Their interection is the center of the sphere.

>4) the radius is easy to compute, it's just the distance from the center to
>any of the original points.

>I'll leave the math to you, but this is a workable algorithm. :-)

Good I had a bad feeling about this problem because of a special case
with no solution that worried me.

Four coplanar points in the shape of a square have no unique sphere 
that they are on the surface of.
Similarly 4 colinear point have no finite sized sphere that they are on the
surface of.

These algorithms being geometrical designed rather than algebraically design
meet these problems neatly.

When determining which plane the 3 points are on if they are colinear
the algorithm should afil or return infinite R.
When intersecting the two lines there are 2 possibilities
they are the same line  (the 4 points were on a planar circle)
they are different lines but parallel. There is a sphere of in radius.

This last case can be achieved with 3 colinier points and any 4th point
by taking the 4th point and pairs of the first 3 parallel lines will be produced

it can also be achieved by

If all 4 points are coplanar but are not on one circle. 

It seems to me that the algorithm only fails when the 4 points are coplanar.
The algorithm always fails when the points are coplanar.
(4 points being colinear => coplanar)

Testing if the 4th point is coplanar when the plane of the first 3 points
has been found is trivial.


>An alternate method would be to take pairs of points: the plane formed
>by the perpendicular bisector of each line segment pair also contains the
>center of the sphere. Three pairs will form three planes, intersecting
>at a point. This might be easier to implement.

>-Steve
>spworley@netcom.com

From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: images of earth

Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
the image subject.	

Rick

From: sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum)
Subject: Re: CView answers

renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: A very kind soul has mailed me this reply for the bugs in CView.
: Since he isn't in the position to post this himself, he asked me to post
: it for him, but to leave his name out. So here it comes:
: 
: CView has quite a number of bugs.  The one you mention is perhaps the most
:
A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
Thanks!
 

From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:

>A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
>am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
>Thanks!
> 

Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
doc, image viewers like xv, etc.


From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1qlobb$p5a@tuegate.tue.nl> renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
[Most info regarding dangers of reading from Floppy disks omitted]
>unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
>program to do this.  On the other hand, when choosing files in the Open Files
>menu, CView insists on doing a few disk reads every time one moves the
>hi-lighter square.  Incredibly annoying when it could do them all at once
>when it gets the directory info.  And really, how much effort does it take to
>sort a directory listing?

In all fairness, how many people do you know personally who read images
from Floppy drives?  I haven't tried it with JPEGs, but I do realize how
agonizingly slow it is with GIF files.  

Nevertheless, it is an important bug that needs to be squashed.  I am
merely pointing out that it was probably overlooked.  While it is serious,
one must keep in mind that it will probably affect at most 5% of the
targeted users of CView.


From: cb@wixer.bga.com (Cyberspace Buddha)
Subject: Re: CView answers

renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
>"current directory".

I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

just my $0.13,
cb
-- 
 Cyberspace Buddha { Why are you looking for more knowledge when you  } /(o\
 cb@wixer.bga.com   \ do not pay attention to what you already know? /  \o)/
 cb@wixer.cactus.org }   "get out of my chair!" -- Hillary to god   { peace...

From: N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu
Subject: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

    Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
forms a rectangular grid.
   Please post your replies to the net so that others may benefit. IMHO, this
is a general interest question.
   Thank you!!!!!!

From: d91-hes@tekn.hj.se (STEFAN HERMANSSON)
Subject: re: Vesa on the Speedstar 24



	Just posting to John Cormack.
I wanted to tell you that there is a "slight" difference between 
Speedstar 24 and Speedstar 24X


						/Stefan

From: sd345@city.ac.uk (Michael Collier)
Subject: Converting images to HP LaserJet III?

Does anyone know of a good way (standard PC application/PD utility) to
convert tif/img/tga files into LaserJet III format.  We would also like to
do the same, converting to HPGL (HP plotter) files.

Please email any response.

Is this the correct group?

Thanks in advance.  Michael.
-- 
Michael Collier (Programmer)                 The Computer Unit,
Email: M.P.Collier@uk.ac.city                The City University,
Tel: 071 477-8000 x3769                      London,
Fax: 071 477-8565                            EC1V 0HB.

From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: comp.graphics.programmer

Hello netters

Sorry, I don't know if this is the right way of doing this kind of thing,
probably should be a CFV, but since I don't have tha ability to create a 
news group myself, I just want to start the discussion. 

I enjoy reading c.g very much, but I often find it difficult to sort out what
I'm interested in. Everything from screen-drivers, graphics cards, graphics
programming and graphics programs are discused here. What I'd like is a 
comp.graphics.programmer news group.
What do you other think.


Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

From: razor@swix.nvg.unit.no (Runar Jordahl)
Subject: Re: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu wrote:
:     Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
: a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
: the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
: forms a rectangular grid.
:    Please post your replies to the net so that others may benefit. IMHO, this
: is a general interest question.
:    Thank you!!!!!!

From: sp1marse@lina (Marco Seirio)
Subject: Surface intersections


I have a problem with intersections between two surfaces.
Does anybody have a easy to understand algorithm for that or maybe
even C source??


      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.s

From: froument@lifl.lifl.fr (Froumentin Max)
Subject: WANTED: Atomic Energy Res. Establishment (UK) techreport

I'm looking for the following paper:

Marlow, S. and Powell, M.J.D.
A FORTRAN subroutine for plotting the part of a conic that is inside a given
triangle. Rep. R-8336, Atomic Energy Res. Establishment, Harwell, England
1976

Or anything related (including 3D cases)
 Max
--
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Max Froumentin                    |
Laboratoire d'Informatique        |  "Always better, never first."         
Fondamentale de Lille             |         - Tigran Petrossian
France                            |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: roell@informatik.tu-muenchen.de (Thomas Roell)
Subject: Re: 24 bit Graphics cards

>I am looking for EISA or VESA local bus graphic cards that support at least 
>1024x786x24 resolution.  I know Matrox has one, but it is very
>expensive. All the other cards I know of, that support that
>resoultion, are striaght ISA. 

What about the ELSA WINNER4000 (S3 928, Bt485, 4MB, EISA), or the
Metheus Premier-4VL (S3 928, Bt485, 4MB, ISA/VL) ?

>Also are there any X servers for a unix PC that support 24 bits?

As it just happens, SGCS has a Xserver (X386 1.4) that does
1024x768x24 on those cards. Please email to info@sgcs.com for more
details.

- Thomas
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Das Reh springt hoch, 				e-mail: roell@sgcs.com
das Reh springt weit,				#include <sys/pizza.h>
was soll es tun, es hat ja Zeit ...

From: dwestner@cardhu.mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Dominik Westner)
Subject: need a viewer for gl files

Hi, 

the subject says it all. Is there a PD viewer for gl files (for X)?

Thanks


Dominik



From: hahm@fossi.hab-weimar.de (peter hahm)
Subject: Radiosity



RADIOSITY SOURCES WANTED !!!
============================

When I read the comp.graphics group, I never found something about 
radiosity. Is there anybody interested in out there? I would be glad 
to hear from somebody.
I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method. I have already
read common literature, e. g.Foley ... . I think little examples could 
help me to understand how radiosity works. Common languages ( C, C++, 
Pascal) prefered.
I hope you will help me!

Yours
Peter 


From: ezzie@lucs2.lancs.ac.uk (One of those daze...)
Subject: Borland turbo C libraries for S3 graphics card

I've recently got hold of a PC with an S3 card in it, and I'd like to do some
C programming with it, are there any libraries out there that will let me
access the high resolution modes available via Borland Turbo C?

	Andy

From: amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann)
Subject: Re: Radiosity

In article 16598@rz.uni-jena.de, hahm@fossi.hab-weimar.de (peter hahm) writes:
>
>
>RADIOSITY SOURCES WANTED !!!
>============================
>
>When I read the comp.graphics group, I never found something about 
>radiosity. Is there anybody interested in out there? I would be glad 
>to hear from somebody.
>I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method. I have already
>read common literature, e. g.Foley ... . I think little examples could 
>help me to understand how radiosity works. Common languages ( C, C++, 
>Pascal) prefered.
>I hope you will help me!
>
>Yours
>Peter 
>


Peter,  there's a radiosity package ahead. The only problem is: there 
are a few miles to sail ... ;-^

Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
I finished it. 

That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least) 
to finish it. 

In the meantime you may have a look at the file
  Radiosity_code.tar.Z
located at
  compute1.cc.ncsu.edu

(there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)

Hope that'll help.

Yours

Stephan



----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Stephan Amann     SIG Computer Graphics, University of Berne, Switzerland
           amann@iam.unibe.ch
	   Tel +41 31 65 46 79	   Fax +41 31 65 39 65

 Projects: Radiosity, Raytracing, Computer Graphics

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: chris@zeus.alta-oh.com (Chris Murphy)
Subject: Re: Needed: Plotting package that does...

In article <FULL_GL.93Apr18005752@dolphin.pts.mot.com>, full_gl@pts.mot.com (Glen Fullmer) writes:
|> Looking for a graphics/CAD/or-whatever package on a X-Unix box that will
|> take a file with records like:
|> 
|> n  a  b  p
|> 
|> where n = a count  - integer 
|>       a = entity a - string
|>       b = entity b - string
|>       p = type     - string
|> 
|> and produce a networked graph with nodes represented with boxes or circles
|> and the vertices represented by lines and the width of the line determined by
|> n.  There would be a different line type for each type of vertice. The boxes
|> need to be identified with the entity's name.  The number of entities < 1000
|> and vertices < 100000.  It would be nice if the tool minimized line
|> cross-overs and did a good job of layout.  ;-)
|> 
|>   I have looked in the FAQ for comp.graphics and gnuplot without success. Any
|> ideas would be appreciated?
|> 
|> Thanks,
|> --
|> Glen Fullmer,          glen_fullmer@pts.mot.com,                  (407)364-3296
|> 

Hi,
  See Roger Grywalski's response to :

Re: Help on network visualization

in comp.graphics.visualization.

Amongst other things, it does exactly this!

-- 
Chris Murphy    -   chris@alta-oh.com
(614) 792-2222      Columbus. OH.

From: Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu>
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

First off: Thanks to all who have filled me in on the existence of the
68070. I assumed rashly that the particular number would be reserved for
further enhancements to the Motorola line, rather than meted out to
another company. Ah, well, I guess that's what I get when I assume the
computer industry will operate in a logical manner! ;-)

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>   Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
>but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
>claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
>those for c.s.m.a :-) )
>
>   I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had
a
>booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
>using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the
spot
>quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
>(1.5).

Version 1.5 of Quicktime is, as has been stated, the current version of
the software. The older version is 1.0, and 1.6 is on the horizon in the
not too distant future.

>   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played
back quite
>nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to
25x by
>3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice
that it
>wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then
he
>increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 

Quicktime does a much better job of playing back movies at size than it
does playing back resized movies. Apparently the process of expanding
each frame's image and dithering the resultant bitmap to the appropriate
bit depth is pretty processor-intensive. There are optimizers that work
pretty well for showing movies at double size, but if you drop to 1.9x
size or increase to 2.1x size, performance suffers dramatically.

>   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra
(don't know
>what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the
Quicktime
>could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.

He lied. :-) Quicktime is very CPU dependent. He was probably confused by
the fact that QT is locked to an internal timecode, and will play in the
same amount of time on any machine. However, an LC will drop frames in
order to keep the sound and video synced up.

The Centris and Quadras have similar CPUs and will thus boast similar
performance, though the Quadras will be a bit faster due to marginally
faster clock speeds and somewhat different architecture.

>   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was
having
>a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This
was
>from memory!
>
>   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
>hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
>animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?

I expect that the version of the Quicktime software you saw was 1.0 -- I
was using was 1.5. One of the new codecs in v1.5 allows video at nearly
twice the size and the same frame rate as what version 1.0 could handle.
The Centris 650 I saw was a plain-vanilla, with the exception of the nice
speakers that were playing the sound, and the software was Movie Player,
the QT player Apple includes with the software.

>   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.

No problem -- it still surprises me that Quicktime is able to do the
things it does as well as it can.
========================================================================
Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu

From: clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <C5q0HK.KoD@hawnews.watson.ibm.com> ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner) writes:

>Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
>of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
>things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
>the image subject.	
>
For those of you who don't need 24 bit, I got a 32 colour Amiga IFF
of a cloudless Earth (scanned). Looks okay when mapped on a sphere.
E-mail me and I'll send it you...

Louis

-- 
I'm hanging on your words, Living on your breath, Feeling with your skin,
Will I always be here?  -- In Your Room [ DM ]


From: boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert)
Subject: Removing Distortion From Bitmapped Drawings?

Let's say you have a scanned image of a line drawing; in this case a
boat, but it could be anything.  On the drawing you have a set of
reference points whose true x,y positions are known.  

Now you digitize the drawing manually (in this case, using Yaron
Danon's excellent Digitize program).  That is, you use a program which
converts cursor positions to x,y and saves those values when you click
the mouse.

Upon digitizing you notice that the reference point values that come
out of the digitizing process differ in small but significant ways
from the known true values.  This is understandable because the
scanned drawing is a reproduction of the original and there are
successive sources of distortion such as differential expansion and
contraction of paper, errors introduced in the printing process,
scanner errors and what have you.

The errors are not uniform over the entire drawing, so "global"
adjustments such as stretching/contracting uniformly over x or y, or
rotating the whole drawing, are not satisfactory.

So the question is: does any kind soul know of an algorithm for
removing such distortion?  In particular, if I have three sets of
points 

Reference(x,y) (the known true values)

DistortedReference(x,y) (the same points, with known errors)

DistortedData(x,y) (other points, with unknown errors)

what function of Reference and Distorted could I apply to
DistortedData to remove the errors.

I suspect the problem could be solved by treating the distorted
reference points as resulting from the projection of a "bumpy" 3d
surface, solving for the surface and then "flattening" it to remove
the errors in the other data points.

Any kind and informed soul out there have any ideas, or better yet,
pointers to treatments of the same or similar problems?

Thanks,

Earl



From: havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a)
Subject: HELP!!! GRASP

Hi!

Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
picture formats.

(I've got some animations that I'd like to transfer to my Amiga)
 
I really hope that someone can help me.

Cheers

Haavard Nesse - Trondheim College of Engineering, Trondheim, Norway

From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Re: comp.graphics.programmer

In article <andreasa.157.735211806@dhhalden.no>, andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF) writes:
|>Hello netters
|>
|>Sorry, I don't know if this is the right way of doing this kind of thing,
|>probably should be a CFV, but since I don't have tha ability to create a 
|>news group myself, I just want to start the discussion. 
|>
|>I enjoy reading c.g very much, but I often find it difficult to sort out what
|>I'm interested in. Everything from screen-drivers, graphics cards, graphics
|>programming and graphics programs are discused here. What I'd like is a 
|>comp.graphics.programmer news group.
|>What do you other think.

This sounds wonderful, but it seems no one either wants to spend time doing
this, or they don't have the power to do so.  For example, I would like
to see a comp.graphics architecture like this:

comp.graphics.algorithms.2d
comp.graphics.algorithms.3d
comp.graphics.algorithms.misc
comp.graphics.hardware
comp.graphics.misc
comp.graphics.software/apps

However, that is almost overkill.  Something more like this would probably
make EVERYONE a lot happier:

comp.graphics.programmer
comp.graphics.hardware
comp.graphics.apps
comp.graphics.misc

It would be nice to see specialized groups devote to 2d, 3d, morphing,
raytracing, image processing, interactive graphics, toolkits, languages,
object systems, etc. but these could be posted to a relevant group or
have a mailing list organized.

That way when someone reads news they don't have to see these subject
headings, which are rather disparate:

System specific stuff ( should be under comp.sys or comp.os.???.programmer ):

	"Need help programming GL"
	"ModeX programming information?"
	"Fast sprites on PC"

Hardware technical stuff:

	"Speed of Weitek P9000"
	"Drivers for SpeedStar 24X"

Applications oriented stuff:

	"VistaPro 3.0 help"
	"How good is 3dStudio?"
	"Best image processing program for Amiga"

Programming oriented stuff:

	"Fast polygon routine needed"
	"Good morphing alogirhtm wanted"
	"Best depth sort for triangles?"
	"Which C++ library to get?"

I wish someone with the power would get a CFD and then a CFV going on
this stuff....this newsgroup needs it.

Brian

From: sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum)
Subject: Re: CView answers

bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
: In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:
: 
: >A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
: >am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
: >Thanks!
: > 
: 
: Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
: any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
: so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
: graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
: X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
: doc, image viewers like xv, etc.
:
Ummm, I beg to differ. A kind soul sent me a program called DPG-VIEW that
will do exactly what I want, view GIF images under Linux without X-Windows.
And, it does support all the way up to 1024x768. The biggest complaint I
have is it is painfully SLOW. It takes about 1 minute to display an image.
I am use to CSHOW under DOS which takes a split second. Any idea why it
is so slow under Linux? Anybody have anything better? Plus, anybody have
the docs to DPG-View? Thanks!
 

From: N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu
Subject: Re: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

In article <1993Apr19.101747.22169@ugle.unit.no>
razor@swix.nvg.unit.no (Runar Jordahl) writes:
>
>N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu wrote:
>:     Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
>: a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
>: the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
>: forms a rectangular grid.
>: is a general interest question.
>:    Thank you!!!!!!
 
      I'm afraid your reply didn't get thru. I do appreciate you trying to
reply, however. Please try again.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

From: rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog

In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
|> 				Nishantha
I think you are too optimistic! PostScript is a very big language and
so the fig format can not be able to be an interpreter of ANY arbitrary
ps code. The only program I know to manipulate PostScript files is
IslandDraw.
I for myself use xfig and include the PostScript files (converted to
epsi format). Small changes then are possible (erasing some letters,
adding text and so on).
Reinhard

From: arp@cooper!osd (Andrew Pinkowitz)
Subject: SIGGRAPH -- Conference on Understanding Images

======================================================================
             NYC ACM/SIGGRAPH: UNDERSTANDING IMAGES
======================================================================

  SUBJECT:

    Pace University/SIGGRAPH Conference on UNDERSTANDING IMAGES
    ===========================================================

    The purpose of this conference is to bring together a breadth of
    disciplines, including the physical, biological and computational
    sciences, technology, art, psychology, philosophy, and education,
    in order to define and discuss the issues essential to image
    understanding within the computer graphics context.

    FEATURED TOPICS INCLUDE:

                Psychology/Perception
                Image Analysis
                Design
                Text
                Sound
                Philosophy

     DATE:  Friday & Saturday, 21-22 May 1993

     TIME:  9:00 am - 6:00 pm

    PLACE:  The Pace Downtown Theater
            One Pace Plaza
                (on Spruce Street between Park Row & Gold Street)
            NY, NY 10038

     FEES:

        PRE-REGISTRATION (Prior to 1 May 1993):
            Members         $55.00
            Non-Members     $75.00
            Students        $40.00 (Proof of F/T Status Required)

        REGISTRATION (After 1 May 1993 or On-Site):
            All Attendees   $95.00

        (Registration Fee Includes Brakfast, Breaks & Lunch)


    SEND REGISTRATION INFORMATION & FEES TO:

        Dr. Francis T. Marchese
        Computer Science Department
        NYC/ACM SIGGRAPH Conference
        Pace University
        1 Pace Plaza (Room T-1704)
        New York NY 10036

        voice: (212) 346-1803   fax: (212) 346-1933
        email: MARCHESF@PACEVM.bitnet

======================================================================
REGISTRATION INFORMATION:

Name _________________________________________________________________

Title ________________________________________________________________

Company ______________________________________________________________

Street Address _______________________________________________________

City ________________________________State____________Zip_____________

Day Phone (___) ___-____    Evening Phone (___) ___-____

FAX Phone (___) ___-____    Email_____________________________________
======================================================================

DETAILED DESCRIPTION:
=====================

    Artists, designers, scientists, engineers and educators share the
    problem of moving information from one mind to another.
    Traditionally, they have used pictures, words, demonstrations,
    music and dance to communicate imagery.  However, expressing
    complex notions such as God and infinity or a seemingly well
    defined concept such as a flower can present challenges which far
    exceed their technical skills.

    The explosive use of computers as visualization and expression
    tools has compounded this problem.  In hypermedia, multimedia and
    virtual reality systems vast amounts of information confront the
    observer or participant.  Wading through a multitude of
    simultaneous images and sounds in possibly unfamiliar
    representions, a confounded user asks: "What does it all mean?"

    Since image construction, transmission, reception, decipherment and
    ultimate understanding are complex tasks, strongly influenced by
    physiology, education and culture; and, since electronic media
    radically amplify each processing step, then we, as electronic
    communicators, must determine the fundamental paradigms for
    composing imagery for understanding.

    Therefore, the purpose of this conference is to bring together a
    breadth of disciplines, including, but not limited to, the
    physical, biological and computational sciences, technology, art,
    psychology, philosophy, and education, in order to define and
    discuss the issues essential to image understanding within the
    computer graphics context.


    FEATURED SPEAKERS INCLUDE:

        Psychology/Perception:
            Marc De May, University of Ghent
            Beverly J. Jones, University of Oregon
            Barbara Tversky, Standfor University
            Michael J. Shiffer, MIT
            Tom Hubbard, Ohio State University
        Image Analysis:
            A. Ravishankar Rao, IBM Watson Research Center
            Nalini Bhusan, Smith College
            Xiaopin Hu, University of Illinois
            Narenda Ahuja, University of Illinois
            Les M. Sztander, University of Toledo
        Design:
            Mark Bajuk, University of Illinois
            Alyce Kaprow, MIT
        Text:
            Xia Lin, Pace University
            John Loustau, Hunter College
            Jong-Ding Wang, Hunter College
            Judson Rosebush, Judson Rosebush Co.
        Sound:
            Matthew Witten, University of Texas
            Robert Wyatt, Center for High Performance Computing
            Robert S. Williams, Pace University
            Rory Stuart, NYNEX
        Philosophy
            Michael Heim, Education Foundation of DPMA

======================================================================

From: sgoldste@aludra.usc.edu (Fogbound Child)
Subject: Re: "Fake" virtual reality

Mike_Peredo@mindlink.bc.ca (Mike Peredo) writes:

>The most ridiculous example of VR-exploitation I've seen so far is the
>"Virtual Reality Clothing Company" which recently opened up in Vancouver. As
>far as I can tell it's just another "chic" clothes spot. Although it would be
>interesting if they were selling "virtual clothing"....

>E-mail me if you want me to dig up their phone # and you can probably get
>some promotional lit.

I understand there have been a couple of raves in LA billing themselves as
"Virtual Reality" parties. What I hear they do is project .GIF images around
on the walls, as well as run animations through a Newtek Toaster.

Seems like we need to adopt the term Really Virtual Reality or something, except
for the non-immersive stuff which is Virtually Really Virtual Reality.


etc.



>MP
>(8^)-

___Samuel___
-- 
_________Pratice Safe .Signature! Prevent Dangerous Signature Virii!_______
Guildenstern: Our names shouted in a certain dawn ... a message ... a
              summons ... There must have been a moment, at the beginning,
              where we could have said -- no. But somehow we missed it.

From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Removing Distortion From Bitmapped Drawings?

In article <1993Apr19.141034.24731@sctc.com> boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert) writes:
>Let's say you have a scanned image of a line drawing; in this case a
>boat, but it could be anything.  On the drawing you have a set of
>reference points whose true x,y positions are known.  
>
>Now you digitize the drawing manually (in this case, using Yaron
>Danon's excellent Digitize program).  That is, you use a program which
>converts cursor positions to x,y and saves those values when you click
>the mouse.
>
>Upon digitizing you notice that the reference point values that come
>out of the digitizing process differ in small but significant ways
>from the known true values.  This is understandable because the
>scanned drawing is a reproduction of the original and there are
>successive sources of distortion such as differential expansion and
>contraction of paper, errors introduced in the printing process,
>scanner errors and what have you.
>
>The errors are not uniform over the entire drawing, so "global"
>adjustments such as stretching/contracting uniformly over x or y, or
>rotating the whole drawing, are not satisfactory.
>
>So the question is: does any kind soul know of an algorithm for
>removing such distortion?  In particular, if I have three sets of
>points 
>
>Reference(x,y) (the known true values)
>
>DistortedReference(x,y) (the same points, with known errors)
>
>DistortedData(x,y) (other points, with unknown errors)
>
>what function of Reference and Distorted could I apply to
>DistortedData to remove the errors.
>
>I suspect the problem could be solved by treating the distorted
>reference points as resulting from the projection of a "bumpy" 3d
>surface, solving for the surface and then "flattening" it to remove
>the errors in the other data points.

It helps to have some idea of the source of the distortion - or at least
a reasonable model of the class of distortion.  Below is a very short
description of the process which we use; if you have further questions,
feel free to poke me via e-mail.

================================================================
*ASSUME: locally smooth distortion

0) Compute the Delaunay Triangulation of your (x,y) points.  This
   defines the set of neighbors for each point.  If your data are
   not naturally convex, you may have very long edges on the convex hull.
   Consider deleting these edges.

1) Now, there are two goals:

    a) move the DistortedData(x,y) to the Reference(x,y)
    b) keep the Length(e) (as measured from the current (x,y)'s)
       as close as possible to the DigitizedLength(e) (as measured 
       using the digitized (x,y)'s).

2) For every point, compute a displacement based on a) and b).  For
   example:

    a) For (x,y) points for which you know the Reference(x,y), you
       can move alpha0*(Reference(x,y) - Current(x,y)).   This will
       slowly move the DistortedReference(x,y) towards the
       Reference(x,y). 
    b) For all other points, examine the current length of each edge.
       For each edge, compute a displacement which would make that edge
       the correct length (where "correct" is the DigitizedLength). 
       Take the vector sum of these edge displacements, and move the
       point alpha1*SumOfEdgeDisplacements.  This will keep the
       triangulated mesh consistent with your Digitized mesh.

3) Iterate 2) until you are happy (for example, no point moves very much).

alpha0 and alpha1 need to be determined by experimentation.   Consider
how much you believe the Reference(x,y) - i.e., do you absolutely insist
on the final points exactly matching the References, or do you want to
balance some error in matching the Reference against changes in length
of the edges.

WARNING: there are a couple of geometric invariants which must be
observed (essentially, you can't allow the convex hull to change, and
you can't allow triangles to "fold over" neighboring triangles.  Both of
these can be handled either by special case checks on the motion of
individual points, or by periodically re-triangulating the points (using 
the current positions - but still calculating DigitizedLength from the
original positions.  When we first did this, the triangulation time was
prohibitive, so we only did it once.  If I were motivated to try and
change code that has been working in production mode for 5 years, I
*might* go back and re-triangulate on every iteration.  If you have more
compute power than you know what to do with, you might consider having
every point interact with every other point....but first read up on
linear solutions to the n-body problem.

There are lots of papers in the last 10 years of SIGGRAPH proceedings on
springs, constraints,  and energy calculations which are relevant.  The
above method is described, in more or less detail in:

@inproceedings{Sloan86,
author="Sloan, Jr., Kenneth R. and David Meyers and Christine A.~Curcio",
title="Reconstruction and Display of the Retina",
booktitle="Proceedings: Graphics Interface '86 Vision Interface '86",
address="Vancouver, Canada",
pages="385--389",
month="May",
year=1986  }

@techreport{Curcio87b,
author="Christine A.~Curcio and Kenneth R.~Sloan and David Meyers",
title="Computer Methods for Sampling, Reconstruction, Display, and
Analysis of Retinal Whole Mounts",
number="TR 87-12-03",
institution="Department of Computer Science, University of Washington",
address="Seattle, WA",
month="December",
year=1987  }

@article{Curcio89,
author="Christine A.~Curcio and Kenneth R.~Sloan and David Meyers",
title="Computer Methods for Sampling, Reconstruction, Display, and
Analysis of Retinal Whole Mounts",
journal="Vision Research",
volume=29,
number=5,
pages="529--540",
year=1989  }
 

-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

From: rws@cs.arizona.edu (Ronald W. Schmidt)
Subject: outlining of spline surface


	About a year ago I started work on a problem that appeared to
be very simple and turned out to be quite difficult.  I am wondering if
anyone on the net has seen this problem and (hopefully) some published 
solutions to it.

	The problem is to draw an outline of a surface defined by two
roughly parallel cubic splines.  For inputs the problem essentially
starts with two sets of points where each set of points is on the 
edge of an object which we treat as two dimensional, i.e. only extant
between the edges, but which exists in three dimensional space.  To draw 
the object we 

1) fit a cubic spline through the points.  Each spline is effectively
	computed as a sequence of line segments approximating the
        curve.  Each spline has an equal number of segments.  We assume
	that the nth segment along each spline is roughly, but not
	exactly, the same distance along each spline by any reasonable
	measure.
2) Take each segment (n) along each spline and match it to the nth segment
	of the opposing spline.  Use the pair of segments to form two
	triangles which will be filled in to color the surface.
3) Depth sort the triangles
4) Take each triangle in sorted order, project onto a 2D pixmap, draw
	and color the triangle.  Take the edge of the triangle that is
	along the edge of the surface and draw a line along that edge
	colored with a special "edge color"

	It is the edge coloring in step 4 that is at the heart of the
problem.  The idea is to effectively outline the edge of the surface.
The net result however generally has lots of breaks and gaps in
the edge of the surface.  The reasons for this are fairly complicated.
They involve both rasterization problems and problems resulting
from the projecting the splines.  If anything about this problem
sounds familiar we would appreciate knowing about other work in this
area.

-Thanks

From: sp1marse@kristin (Marco Seirio)
Subject: Flat globe


Does anybody have an algorithm for "flattening" out a globe, or any other
parametric surface, that is definied parametrically. 
That is, I would like to take a sheet of paper and a knife and to be
able to calculate how I must cut in the paper so I can fold it to a
globe (or any other object).


      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.se

 

 

From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr19.144533.6779@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:
>In <C5q0HK.KoD@hawnews.watson.ibm.com> ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner) writes:
>
>>Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
>>of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
>>things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
>>the image subject.	
>>
>For those of you who don't need 24 bit, I got a 32 colour Amiga IFF
>of a cloudless Earth (scanned). Looks okay when mapped on a sphere.
>E-mail me and I'll send it you...

Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.

From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Newsgroup Split

Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
Just curious.


Daemon


From: thinman@netcom.com (Technically Sweet)
Subject: Re: Surface intersections

sp1marse@lina (Marco Seirio) writes:

>I have a problem with intersections between two surfaces.
>Does anybody have a easy to understand algorithm for that or maybe
>even C source??


>      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.s

You also have a severe problem with news headers.

FTP to cs.purdue.edu:pub/vanecek and pull proxima.tar.Z
and proxima.ps.Z.  Tres spif.

-- 

Lance Norskog
thinman@netcom.com
Data is not information is not knowledge is not wisdom.

From: ARowatt@massey.ac.nz (A.J. Rowatt)
Subject: Page flipping in VGA 320x200x256 mode.

Help!
How do you write to the second bank/page of memory when in VGA
320x200x256 colour mode?. ie: to perform page flipping animation
and buffering of the screen.
     I have tried using the Map Mask Registers, but this does not
perform the required task (Although it does do something).

Note: It *must* be able to work on a standard VGA (ie: not
necessarily a SVGA card).

Many thanx in advance...
Andrew

From: sasst11+@pitt.edu (Scott A Snowiss)
Subject: IMAGINE

Hello again netters,
	I finally received the information about Imagine for the PC.  They are presently shipping Version 2.0 of the software and will release Version 3.0 in the first quarter of 1993 (or so they say).  The upgrade from 2.0 to 3.0 is $100.00.  To purchase Imagine 2.0, it costs $495.00 or if you are upgrading from another eligible (call them for info) modeler, it is only $200.00 plus shipping & handling.   It requires a PC with 4 Megs a Math Coprocessor, and Dos 5.0 or up and a Microsoft Mouse and SVGA card.
	Thanks for all your replies about the product.  I have received many contrasting replies, but once I scrounge the money together, I think I will take the plunge.  Thanks again.
	Here is the info for Impulse if you want to find out more or get the sheet they sent.
	Impulse Inc.
	8416 Xerxes Avenue North
	Minneapolis, MN 55444
	1-800-328-0184

Thanks again for all your replies.
Scott
-- 
Scott Snowiss
sasst11+@.pitt.edu

--Turn on...Jack in...Jack out...

From: dave.mikelson@almac.co.uk (Dave Mikelson) 
Subject: Re: PCX

To: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca

JW> 1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
JW> to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?

JW> 2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
JW> so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
JW> 800x600x256

JW> 3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?

Here are some that I have that are very good:

  Graphics File Formats, Kay and Levine, ISBN 0-8306-3059-7
  Supercharged Bitmapped Graphics, Rimmer, ISBN 0-8306-3788-5
  Programmer's Guide to the EGA and VGA Cards, Ferraro,
     ISBN 0-201-57025-4 (has a whole chapter on Paradise SVGA)

Dave
---
 . DeLuxe./386 1.12 #8993 . 
                                                                                       

From: 235wardell@gw.wmich.edu
Subject: VGA Passthrough Cables!


	Does anyone know the phone number to a place where i can get
a VGA passthrough?

	I want to hook up my VGA card to my XGA card (whcih you can can).
All I need is the cable that connects them.  It is the same type of
cable that you would connect from your VGA card to say a Video Blaster
or something.

	Thanks.
						-Brad




From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: detecting double points in bezier curves

I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.

An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,

Ferdinand.

From: apd2c@Virginia.EDU ("Andrew Paul Dickens")
Subject: Re: computer graphics to vcr?


	Getting an image from a computer monitor to a videotape
is harder than it looks.  The standard VGA and EGA outputs are 
very different than the NTSC format used by televisions.  While
there is equipment that will do the conversion, it is hard to
get your hands on and costs quite a bit.

	If you have access to an Amiga computer, that has an
NTSC output, you can transfer certain types of graphic files by
modem and tape them from the NTSC output.  Unfortunately, this
would be frame-by-frame and would lead to unbelievably scratchy
animation unless you had a good Amiga animation program.

	Otherwise, see if your local public access cable
station has equipment that you can use.


From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|> doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|> this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|> different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|> a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|> for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|> Just curious.
|> 
|> 
|> Daemon
|> 

   I agree with you.

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Ellipse Again


Hi! Everyone,

Because no one has touched the problem I posted last week, I guess
my question was not so clear. Now I'd like to describe it in detail:

The offset of an ellipse is the locus of the center of a circle which
rolls on the ellipse. In other words, the distance between the ellipse
and its offset is same everywhere.

This problem comes from the geometric measurement when a probe is used.
The tip of the probe is a ball and the computer just outputs the
positions of the ball's center. Is the offset of an ellipse still
an ellipse? The answer is no! Ironically, DMIS - an American Indutrial
Standard says it is ellipse. So almost all the software which was
implemented on the base of DMIS was wrong. The software was also sold
internationaly. Imagine, how many people have or will suffer from this bug!!!
How many qualified parts with ellipse were/will be discarded? And most
importantly, how many defective parts with ellipse are/will be used?

I was employed as a consultant by a company in Los Angeles last year
to specially solve this problem. I spent two months on analysis of this
problem and six months on programming. Now my solution (nonlinear)
is not ideal because I can only reconstruct an ellipse from its entire
or half offset. It is very difficult to find the original ellipse from
a quarter or a segment of its offset because the method I used is not
analytical. I am now wondering if I didn't touch the base and make things
complicated. Please give me a hint.

I know you may argue this is not a CG problem. You are right, it is not.
However, so many people involved in the problem "sphere from 4 poits".
Why not an ellipse? And why not its offset?

Please post here and let the others share our interests 
(I got several emails from our netters, they said they need the
summary of the answers).

Yeh
USC

From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split


In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|> doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|> this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|> different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|> a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|> for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|> Just curious.
|> 
|> 
|> Daemon
|> 

I agree with you. Of cause I'll try to be a daemon :-)

Yeh
USC

From: jmuller@ic.sunysb.edu (John S Muller)
Subject: WAYNE RIGBY


Sorry to clog up the news group with this message.

Wayne Rigby, I have the info you requested, but for some
reason I can not mail it to you.  Please contact me!
Send email address.
j
-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"No Real Programmer can function without caffeine" - Zen + Art of Internet

     _/_/_/_/_/  _/_/_/_/_/  _/_/  _/_/        John S. Muller
        _/      _/          _/  _/  _/         muller@diego.llnl.gov
       _/      _/_/_/_/_/  _/  _/  _/          muller@sisal.llnl.gov
 _/   _/              _/  _/      _/           jmuller@libserv1.ic.sunysb.edu 
 _/_/_/      _/_/_/_/_/  _/      _/            

"You are not drunk until you have to grab the grass,
 to keep the grass from falling off the earth" - Some Stupid Comedian
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: rknight@stiatl.salestech.com (Ray Knight)
Subject: Re: CView answers

uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams) writes:

>re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
>Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
>CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
>the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
>didrectory?


  Actually the most flexible way to create temp files is to check for a TEMP or
TMP environment variable and create the files on the drive and directory pointedto by the variable.  This is pretty much a standard for DOS, Windows and OS/2
applications.


-- 
What I have to say is my own opinion and has no bearing on any other person or
organization including my employer.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
rknight@salestech.com        (404) 841-5316           Sales Technologies, Inc.

From: ani@ms.uky.edu (Aniruddha B. Deglurkar)
Subject: help: Splitting a trimming region along a mesh 



	Hi,

	I have a problem, I hope some of the 'gurus' can help me solve.

	Background of the problem:
	I have a rectangular mesh in the uv domain, i.e  the mesh is a 
	mapping of a 3d Bezier patch into 2d. The area in this domain
	which is inside a trimming loop had to be rendered. The trimming
	loop is a set of 2d Bezier curve segments.
	For the sake of notation: the mesh is made up of cells.

	My problem is this :
	The trimming area has to be split up into individual smaller
	cells bounded by the trimming curve segments. If a cell
	is wholly inside the area...then it is output as a whole ,
	else it is trivially rejected. 

	Does any body know how thiss can be done, or is there any algo. 
	somewhere for doing this.

	Any help would be appreciated.

	Thanks, 
	Ani.
-- 
To get irritated is human, to stay cool, divine.

From: jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl>, ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck) writes:
|> I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
|> point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
|> 
|> An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,

There was a very useful article in one of the 1989 issues of
Transactions On Graphics. I believe Maureen Stone was one of
the authors. Sorry not to be more specific. I don't have the
reference here with me.

The article actually was more general than this, giving a way to decide
whether a given (cubic) Bezier curve contains cusps, intersection points
or whatever wierdness. The same treatment is also available in SIGGRAPH 89
course notes for the course called "Math for Siggraph" or something like
that.

-- 
	dr memory
	jbulf@kpc.com

Subject: Re: Video in/out
From: djlewis@ualr.edu

In article <1993Apr18.080719.4773@nwnexus.WA.COM>, mscrap@halcyon.com (Marta Lyall) writes:
> Organization: "A World of Information at your Fingertips"
> Keywords: 
> 
> In article <628@toontown.columbiasc.ncr.com> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson) writes:
>>
>>I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
>>advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
>>I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
>>What cards should I be looking into?
>>
>>Thanks,
>>Craig
>>
>>-- 
>>                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
>>-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
>> Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
>> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers
> 
> 
> Craig,
> 
> You should still consider the Targa+. I run windows 3.1 on it all the
> time at work and it works fine. I think all you need is the right
> driver. 
> 
> Josh West  
> email: mscrap@halcyon.com
> 
AT&T also puts out two new products for windows, Model numbers elude me now,
a 15 bit video board with framegrabber and a 16bit with same. Yesterday I
was looking at a product at a local Software ETC store. Media Vision makes
a 15bit (32,768 color) frame capture board that is stand alone and doesnot
use the feature connector on your existing video card. It claims upto 30 fps
live capture as well as single frame from either composite NTSC or s-video
in and out.

Don Lewis
<djlewis@ualr.edu>

From: eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler)
Subject: stand alone editing suite.

I need some help.  We are upgrading our animation/video editing stand. We
are looking into the different type of setups for A/B roll and a cuts only
station.  We would like this to be controlled by a computer ( brand doesnt matter but maybe MAC, or AMIGA).  Low end to high end system setups would be very
helpful. If you have a system or use a system that might be of use, could you
mail me your system requirements, what it is used for, and all the hardware and
software that will be necessary to set the system up.  If you need more 
info, you  can mail me at   eylerken@u.washington.edu

thanks in advance.

:ken
:eylerken@u.washington.edu

From: CBW790S@vma.smsu.edu.Ext (Corey Webb)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

In article <1993Apr19.160944.20236W@baron.edb.tih.no>
havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a) writes:
>
>Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
>of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
>picture formats.
>
 
     If you have the GRASP animation system, then yes, it's quite easy.
You simply use GLIB to extract the image (each "frame" in a .GL is
actually a complete .PCX or .CLP file), then use one of MANY available
utilities to convert it.  If you don't have the GRASP package, I'm afraid
I can't help you.  Sorry.
     By the way, before you ask, GRASP (GRaphics Animation System for
Professionals) is a commercial product that sells for just over US$300
from most mail-order companies I've seen.  And no, I don't have it.  :)
 
 
                                               Corey Webb
 
 
    ____________________________________________________________________
   |        Corey Webb       | "For in much wisdom is much grief, and   |
   |   cbw790s@vma.smsu.edu  |  he that increaseth knowledge increaseth |
   |  Bitnet: CBW790S@SMSVMA |  sorrow."           -- Ecclesiastes 1:18 |
   |-------------------------|------------------------------------------|
   | The "S" means I am only |    "But first, are you experienced?"     |
   | speaking for myself.    |                  -- Jimi Hendrix         |
 

From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <1993Apr17.092051.19814@kth.se> d88-jwa@hemul.nada.kth.se (Jon Wtte) writes:
>In <Z2442B4w164w@cellar.org> tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>
>>> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>>> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>>> 
>>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I think APDA has something called MacWireFrame which is a full
>wire-frame (and supposedly hidden-line removal) library.
>I think it weighs in at $99 (but I've been wrong on an order
>of magnitude before)
>

 I spoke with the author of MacWireFrame earlier today. The cost is $299, but there
 are no license royalties. His name is Eric Johnson in Sacramento, CA phone
 916/737-1550. He doesn't have email. Very nice guy... very knowledgeable about
 graphics. Seems like he may have a decent package. It's an Object Pascal Framework
 that supposedly has a fairly complete set of geometry creation classes. 
 I'm going to check it out and see if it's got what I need for my CAD package.

 I also found another package: 3D Graphic Tools by Micro System Options in Seattle.
 The number is: 206/868-5418, also no email. The package is strong at ray tracing,
 I'm not too sure about its geometry creation tools. I also need to look into this
 package some more. I also spoke with the author, Mark Owens, another nice
 guy that seems to know his business. The price is $249, no royalties.

BobC



From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <1qnm6fINN8tr@tamsun.tamu.edu> brentb@tamsun.tamu.edu (Brent) writes:
>tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>>rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>>
>>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>>
>>It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
>>everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
>>hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
>>he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.
>
>I think he wanted to avoid reinventing the wheel.

 Yes, I want to concentrate on other development issues - I've created graphics
 libraries before, it's too time consuming... life's too short!

>>	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
>>can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
>>find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
>>choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
>>fast.
>
>Just to clarify, the 3D routines that are mentioned in various places
>on the mac are in a libray, not the ROM of the mac.  A few years ago before
>I knew anything about implementing graphics, I came across a demo of the
>Apple GrafSys3D library and it actually did a lot.  However, it is quite
>limited in the sense that it's a low-level 3D library; your code still has
>to plot individual points, draw each line, etc ad nauseum.  It has nothing
>on GL, for example, where you can handle objects.

 Thanks for the clarification... Before posting my original request I had looked
 into the Mac's 3D capabilities and dismissed them as low grade.

BobC


From: jejones@microware.com (James Jones)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
>Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
>
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

Don't get too excited; Signetics, not Motorola, gave the 68070 its number.
The 68070, if I understand rightly, uses the 68000 instruction set, and has
an on-chip serial port and DMA.  (It will run at up to 15 MHz--I'm typing
at a computer using a 68070 running at that rate, so I know that it can
do so--so I seriously doubt the clock rate that ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com
claims.)

	James Jones

From: stjohn@math1.kaist.ac.kr (Ryou Seong Joon)
Subject: WANTED: Multi-page GIF!!

Hi!... 

I am searching for packages that could handle Multi-page GIF
files...    

Are there any on some ftp servers?

I'll appreciate one which works on PC (either on DOS or Windows 3.0/3.1).
But any package works on Unix will be OK..

Thanks in advance...

From: eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu (John Peter Kondis)
Subject: Physics lab LOSES a number!!!!

Please , I need the starting address (pointer) for the beginning 
of the color information (RGB) on VGA mode 68h (that's 68 hex, gee, 
duh!)...

Thanks SOOOO much (hugs and kisses) in advance.....

.....John (at UCI)
e-mail--->  eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu



From: "james kewageshig" <james.kewageshig@canrem.com>
Subject: articles on flocking?

HI All,
Can someone point me towards some articles on 'boids' or
flocking algorithms... ?

Also, articles on particle animation formulas would be nice...
 ________________________________________________________________________
|0 ___ ___  ____  ____  ____                                            0|\
|   \ \//    ||    ||    ||                James Kewageshig              |\|
|   _\//_   _||_  _||_  _||_      UUCP: james.kewageshig@canrem.com      |\|
|   N E T W O R K    V I I I    FIDONET:   James Kewageshig - 1:229/15   |\|
|0______________________________________________________________________0|\|
 \________________________________________________________________________\|
---
  DeLuxe 1.25 #8086  Head of Co*& XV$# Hi This is a signature virus. Co
--
Canada Remote Systems - Toronto, Ontario
416-629-7000/629-7044

Subject: XV under MS-DOS ?!?
From: NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch

Hi ... Recently I found XV for MS-DOS in a subdirectory of GNU-CC (GNUISH). I 
use frequently XV on a Sun Spark Station 1 and I never had problems, but when I
start it on my computer with -h option, it display the help menu and when I
start it with a GIF-File my Hard disk turns 2 or 3 seconds and the prompt come
back.

My computer is a little 386/25 with copro, 4 Mega rams, Tseng 4000 (1M) running
MS-DOS 5.0 with HIMEM.SYS and no EMM386.SYS. I had the GO32.EXE too... but no
driver who run with it.

Do somenone know the solution to run XV ??? any help would be apprecied..
		
	Thanx in advance !!!! 
             
-- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------
*								    *
*  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *
*  Ecole d'ingnieur ETS	|	(Not Available at this time)*
*  2400 Le LOCLE		|				    *
*  Suisse 							    *
*		     !!!! Enjoy COMPUTER !!!!			    *
*								    *
---------------------------------------------------------------------

From: g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)
Subject: Need polygon splitting algo...


The idea is to clip one polygon using another polygon (not
necessarily rectangular) as a window.  My problem then is in
finding out all the new vertices of the resulting "subpolygons"
from the first one.  Is this simply a matter of extending the
usual algorithm whereby each of the edges of one polygon is checked
against another polygon???  Is there a simpler way??

Comments welcome.

Noel.

From: myless@vaxc.cc.monash.edu.au (Myles Strous)
Subject: J.C.Jensen's bitmap code

Greetings all.
	According to a FAQ I read, on 30 July 1992, Joshua C. Jensen posted an 
article on bitmap manipulation (specifically, scaling and perspective) to the 
newsgroup rec.games.programmer. (article 7716)
	The article included source code in Turbo Pascal with inline assembly 
language.

	I have been unable to find an archive for this newsgroup, or a current 
email address for Joshua C. Jensen.
	If anyone has the above details, or a copy of the code, could they 
please let me know.	Many thanks.
					Yours gratefully, etc.  Myles.

-- 
Myles Strous	|	Email: myles.strous@lib.monash.edu.au
raytracing fan	|	Phone: +61.51.226536
"Got the same urgent grasp of reality as a cardboard cut-out. Proud to have him 
on the team." Archchancellor Mustrum Ridcully, in Reaper Man by Terry Pratchett

From: markus@octavia.anu.edu.au (Markus Buchhorn)
Subject: Re: HDF readers/viewers


I wrote...
> 
> G'day all,
> 
> Can anybody point me at a utility which will read/convert/crop/whatnot/
> display HDF image files ? I've had a look at the HDF stuff under NCSA 
> and it must take an award for odd directory structure, strange storage
> approaches and minimalist documentation :-)

and it has since turned out that all the mirror sites I looked at were 
fooled by a restructuring at the original site - zaphod.ncsa.uiuc.edu - 
and hence were in a mess. That and a pointer to 'imconv' should get
me started. Ta muchly.

Cheers
	Markus
-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]

From: un034214@wvnvms.wvnet.edu
Subject: M-MOTION VIDEO CARD: YUV to RGB ?

I am trying to convert an m-motion (IBM) video file format YUV to RGB 
data...

THE Y portion is a byte from 0-255
THE V is a byte -127-127
THe color is U and V
and the intensity is Y

DOes anyone have any ideas for algorhtyms or programs ?

Can someone tell me where to get info on the U and V of a television signal ?

IF you need more info reply at the e-mail address...
Basically what I am doing is converting a digital NTSC format to RGB (VGA)
for displaying captured video pictures.

Thanks.


THE U is a byte -127-127


From: zemcik@ls (Pavel Zemcik)
Subject: Tseng ET4000 pixel clock

I would like to program Tseng ET4000 to nonstandard 1024x768 mode by
switching to standard 1024x768 mode using BIOS and than changing some
timing details (0x3D4 registers 0x00-0x1F) but I don't know how to
select 36 MHz pixel clock I need. The BIOS function selects 40 MHz.

Is there anybody who knows where to obtain technical info about this.
I am also interested in any other technical information about Tseng ET4000
and Trident 8900 and 9000 chipsets.

			thanks very much

						Pavel Zemcik
						Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.
						Technical University of Brno
						Bozetechova 2
				      CS-612 66 Brno
						Czech Republic
						e-mail: zemcik@dcse.fee.vutbr.cs


From: scott@osi.com (Scott Fleming)
Subject: Sun IPX root window display - background picture


Hello netters!
 
I have a fairly weak question to ask everybody in netland.  I've looked though
the last FAQ for comp.graphics but I didn't find my answer.  Thus the post.
 
I'll keep it short.
 
QUESTION:  How do I display any raster files, gif files, iff or tiff images
that I have on my "root window" or background?  I have a sun ipc, openwindows
3.0, Sun OS 4.1.3 if that helps any.
 
I've compiled POV for the sun and would like to display some of the work I have
done as a background/tile.  Thanks for any help or information that you
provide.  Have a good day.
 
Scott Fleming
OSI
 
P.S.
Kudo's to the people who provided POV, its great!


From: markus@octavia.anu.edu.au (Markus Buchhorn)
Subject: HDF readers/viewers



G'day all,

Can anybody point me at a utility which will read/convert/crop/whatnot/
display HDF image files ? I've had a look at the HDF stuff under NCSA 
and it must take an award for odd directory structure, strange storage
approaches and minimalist documentation :-)

Part of the problem is that I want to look at large (5MB+) HDF files and
crop out a section. Ideally I would like a hdftoppm type of utility, from
which I can then use the PBMplus stuff quite merrily. I can convert the cropped
part into another format for viewing/animation.

Otherwise, can someone please explain how to set up the NCSA Visualisation S/W
for HDF (3.2.r5 or 3.3beta) and do the above cropping/etc. This is for
Suns with SunOS 4.1.2.

Any help GREATLY appreciated. Ta muchly !

Cheers,
	Markus

-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]
-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]

From: se92psh@brunel.ac.uk (Peter Hauke)
Subject: Re: Grayscale Printer

Jian Lu (jian@coos.dartmouth.edu) wrote:
: We are interested in purchasing a grayscale printer that offers a good
: resoltuion for grayscale medical images.  Can anybody give me some
: recommendations on these products in the market, in particular, those
: under $5000?

: Thank for the advice.
-- 
***********************************
* Peter Hauke @ Brunel University *
*---------------------------------*
*      se92psh@brunel.ac.uk       *
***********************************

From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:

> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
> significance".

> When I first read this, I rotfl. Finally some philosphy in a technical
> spec. But still I wondered what makes 42 so significant.

> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy, and rotfl the
> second time. (After millions of years of calculation, the second-best
> computer of all time reveals that 42 is the answer to the question
> about life, the universe and everything)

> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

Yes.

> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

I don't know where Douglas Adams took it from, but I'm pretty sure he's
the one who launched it (in the Guide). Since then it's been showing up 
all over the place.

    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

From: oved3b@kih.no (Ove Petter Tro)
Subject: Re: need a viewer for gl files

In article <1qu36i$kh7@dux.dundee.ac.uk>, dwestner@cardhu.mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Dominik Westner) writes:
|> the subject says it all. Is there a PD viewer for gl files (for X)?

Try xviewgl.
(filename xviewgl_v1.1.tar.Z on lots of bases)

- Ove
-- 
- ----------==========###########==========-------- -
    //                     | "What do you think
  \X/ (Yep, me too...)     |  this is?  Real life?"
Ove Petter Tro,            |    - Ford Fairlane.
Kongsberg College          |
of Engineering, Norway     | email: ovep@kih.no
- ----------==========###########==========-------- -


From: max@slinky.NYU.EDU (David Max)
Subject: 24bit mode on Speedstar 24X


   I have a Diamond Speedstar 24X board that I want to program
for 24 bit 640x480 graphics, or possibly 800x600 16 bit color.
Does anybody have any libraries supporting these modes on this
board? Even somes simple routines to set the graphics mode and
plot individual pixels would be a great help. I plan to use the
routines with djgp.

   Thanks in advance. Please respond also via e-mail.

   David Max
   max@slinky.cs.nyu.edu

From: koolish@bbn.com (Dick Koolish)
Subject: Re: Flat globe

sp1marse@kristin (Marco Seirio) writes:


>Does anybody have an algorithm for "flattening" out a globe, or any other
>parametric surface, that is definied parametrically. 
>That is, I would like to take a sheet of paper and a knife and to be
>able to calculate how I must cut in the paper so I can fold it to a
>globe (or any other object).


There is a library of map projections in:

    charon.er.usgs.gov

in

    /pub/PROJ.4.1.3.tar.Z

From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: M-MOTION VIDEO CARD: YUV to RGB ?

I'll contact you offline about this.

Rick

From: wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael)
Subject: Re: XV under MS-DOS ?!?

NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch writes:

>Hi ... Recently I found XV for MS-DOS in a subdirectory of GNU-CC (GNUISH). I 

please tell me where you where you FTP'd this from? I would like to have
a copy of it. (I would have mailed you, but your post indicates you have no mail
address...)

>             
-- 
Wayne Michael
wdm@world.std.com

From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr19.121925.14451@microware.com>, jejones@microware.com (James Jones) writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
|> >In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
|> >Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
|> >>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
|> >>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
|> >>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
|> >
|> >Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
|> >especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
|> >68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D
|> 
|> Don't get too excited; Signetics, not Motorola, gave the 68070 its number.
|> The 68070, if I understand rightly, uses the 68000 instruction set, and has
|> an on-chip serial port and DMA.  (It will run at up to 15 MHz--I'm typing
|> at a computer using a 68070 running at that rate, so I know that it can
|> do so--so I seriously doubt the clock rate that ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com
|> claims.)
|> 
|> 	James Jones

   Just because the 68070 can run upto 15Mhz doesn't mean the CD-I
is running at that speed.  I said -> I understand it is a 68070 running
at something like 7Mhz.  I am not sure, but I think I read this a long
time ago.

   Anyway, still with 15Mhz, you need sprites for a lot of tricks for
making cool awesome games (read psygnosis).

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

From: nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:

  CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
  CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
  CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
  CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
  CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
  CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
  CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
  CH> Just curious.

I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
into one of these categories.

Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
environment.

--
   /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
  /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
 /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
/nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\

From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <1993Apr14.191415.10553@samba.oit.unc.edu> cptully@med.unc.edu  
(Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699) writes:
> Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
> about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
> help define or critique the spec.

I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
infinitely easier to write than to read, which I think hurts your
acceptance by anything that will need to read those images (e.g.,
paint programs).

In a nutshell, I don't think TIFF is salvageable unless the fat is
trimmed significantly- and then it wouldn't be TIFF anymore.  They
keep trying to cut it back, but it's late now.  Maybe they >will< fix it,
and change that magic number to signify the lack of compatibility. 
That would probably make me happy.

ab

From: cgcad@bart.inescn.pt (Comp. Graphics/CAD)
Subject: Re: Fonts in POV??

Hi.

The RTrace ray tracer supports 3D text as a primitive, not collections of
spheres, cylinders and so on...
The 3D chars are made of lines and splines that are extruded...

Please have a look at asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory
pub/RTrace.
In pub/RTrace/tmp there are some demo images with high quality text.
All of them are called Text?.jpg (JPEG encoded). See them first and then
tell me what you think.

Regards,
Antonio.
.........................................................................
     O     O
    /     /                        I N E S C
   | O   |        Antonio Costa        | E-Mail   acc@asterix.inescn.pt
   | |\  |   O                         |          acosta@porto.inescn.pt
   | | \ |  /  O  Comp. Graphics & CAD | DECnet   porto::a_costa
   | |  \| /  /                        |
   | |  /  | |    Largo Mompilher 22   | UUCP     {mcvax,...}!...
   O | |-O | |    4100 Porto PORTUGAL  | Bell     +351+02+321006
    /   \ /   \
   O     O     O          "Let the good times roll..."



From: cgcad@bart.inescn.pt (Comp. Graphics/CAD)
Subject: RTrace 8.2.0

There is a new version of the RTrace ray-tracing package (8.2.0) at
asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory pub/RTrace.
Check the README file.

RTrace now can use the SUIT toolkit to have a nice user interface.
Compile it with -DSUIT or modify the Makefile.
SUIT is available at suit@uvacs.cs.virginia.edu
I have binaries of RTrace with SUIT for SUN Sparc, SGI Indigo
and DOS/GO32.
Please contact me if interested.

****************************************

The MAC RTrace 1.0 port is in directory pub/RTrace/Macintosh
Thanks to Reid Judd (reid.judd@east.sun.com) and
Greg Ferrar (gregt@function.mps.ohio-state.edu).

****************************************

Small changes were done since version 8.1.0, mainly:

1. Now it is possible to discard backface polygons and triangles
   for fast preview...

2. The support program scn2sff has been reworked to use temp files.

****************************************

Here goes a short description of current converters from
CAD/molecular/chemistry packages to the SCN format.

The package programs are related as below (those marked with * have been
modified)

	       irit2scn
     IRIT ----------------|
                          |               NFF (nffclean, nffp2pp)
	        sol2scn   |                |
    ACAD11 ---------------|                | nff2sff
                          |                |
	        mol2scn	  v    scn2sff*    v	rtrace*
   ALCHEMY  -----------> SCN -----------> SFF ----------> PIC or PPM
			  ^      cpp                           |
	        pdb2scn   |                                 picmix
     PDB -----------------|                                 picblend
			  |                                 ppmmix*
	       chem2scn   |                                 ppmblend*
   CHEMICAL --------------|
                          |
                3ds2scn*  |
  3D STUDIO --------------|
                          |
                iv2scn*   |
 IRIS Inventor -----------|

****************************************

The DOS port of RTrace is in pub/RTrace/PC-386 (rtrac820.arj,
utils820.arj and image820.arj). See the README file there.
Requires DJGPP GO32 DOS extender (version 1.09 included), which can be
found in directory pub/PC/djgpp (and in many sites around netland).
There are also demo scenes, manuals and all the source code...

****************************************

Please feel free to get it and use it.
Hope you like it.

Regards,
Antonio Costa.
.........................................................................
     O     O
    /     /                        I N E S C
   | O   |        Antonio Costa        | E-Mail   acc@asterix.inescn.pt
   | |\  |   O                         |
   | | \ |  /  O  Comp. Graphics & CAD | DECnet   porto::acosta
   | |  \| /  /                        |
   | |  /  | |    Largo Mompilher 22   | UUCP     {mcvax,...}!...
   O | |-O | |    4100 Porto PORTUGAL  | Bell     +351+02+321006
    /   \ /   \
   O     O     O          "Let the good times roll..."



From: clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <1993Apr19.193758.12091@unocal.com> stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:

>Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
>that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
>hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
>so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.

So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

Louis

-- 
I'm hanging on your words, Living on your breath, Feeling with your skin,
Will I always be here?  -- In Your Room [ DM ]


From: bosch@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de (Gerhard Bosch)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <NERONE.93Apr20085951@sylvester.cc.utexas.edu>, nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone) writes:
|> In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> 
|>   CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
|>   CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
|>   CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
|>   CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
|>   CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
|>   CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
|>   CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|>   CH> Just curious.
|> 
|> I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
|> already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
|> into one of these categories.
|> 
|> Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
|> groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
|> would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
|> environment.
|> 
|> --
|>    /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
|>   /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
|>  /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
|> /nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\

Hi,
It might be nice to know, what's possible on different hard ware platforms.
But usually the hard ware is fixed ( in my case either Unix or DOS- PC ).
So I'm not much interested in Amiga news. 

In the case of Software, I won't get any comercial software mentioned in this
newgroup to run on a Unix- platform, so I'm not interested in this information.

I would suggest to split the group. I don't see the problem of cross-posting.
Then you need to read just 2 newgroups with half the size. 

BUT WHAT WOULD BE MORE IMPORTANT IS TO HAVE A FAQ. THIS WOULD REDUCE THE
TRAFFIC A LOT.

Sincerely, Gerhard
-- 
I'm writing this as a privat person, not reflecting any opinions of the Inst.
of Hydromechanics,  the University of Karlsruhe, the Land Baden-Wuerttemberg,
the Federal Republic of Germany and  the European Community.  The address and
phone number below  are just to get in touch with me.  Everything I'm saying, 
writing and typing is always wrong ! (Statement necessary to avoid law suits)
=============================================================================
-    Dipl.-Ing. Gerhard Bosch M.Sc.             voice:(0721) - 608 3118     -
-    Institute for Hydromechanic                  FAX:(0721) - 608 4290     -
-    University of Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, 7500-Karlsruhe, Germany     -
-    Internet: bosch@ifh-hp2.bau-verm.uni-karlsruhe.de                      -
-      Bitnet: nd07@DKAUNI2.BITNET                                          -
=============================================================================

From: mini@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Padmini Srivathsa)
Subject: WANTED : Info on Image Databases

  Guess the subject says it all.
  I would like references to any introductory material on Image
  Databases.
  Please send any pointers to mini@point.cs.uwm.edu

  Thanx in advance!
   



-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-< MINI >-           mini@point.cs.uwm.edu | mini@csd4.csd.uwm.edu 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


From: glp@phillson.cray.com (Gordon Phillips)
Subject: Lyon lamb minivas-2 control of abekas A66


We have a minivas-2 and we want to record to an Abekas A66.
We have most of the functions working but when we go to
set up a record the minivas hangs. We are sending the
abekas SMPTE time code. Does anyone have code we can
compare to what we have done and is there and ftp site
for minivas and abekas code.

Gordon Phillips
glp@cray.com
-- 
Gordon Phillips - glp@cray.com

From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: Stay Away from MAG Innovision!!!

In <16BB58B33.D1SAR@VM1.CC.UAKRON.EDU> D1SAR@VM1.CC.UAKRON.EDU (Steve Rimar) writes:
>My Mag MX15F works fine....................

Mine was beautiful for a year and a half.  Then it went <foomp>.  I bought
a ViewSonic 6FS instead.  Another great monitor, IMHO.

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

From: capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Capelli)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.

See:
   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.
_______________________________________________________________________

...Ron Capelli                 IBM Corp.  Dept. C13,  MS. P230
   capelli@vnet.ibm.com        PO Box 950
   (914) 435-1673              Poughkeepsie, NY  12602
_______________________________________________________________________

"There are no answers, only cross references."

From: oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it (Jacques Oberto)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

CBW790S@vma.smsu.edu.Ext (Corey Webb) writes:

>In article <1993Apr19.160944.20236W@baron.edb.tih.no>
>havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a) writes:
>>
>>Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
>>of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
>>picture formats.
>>
> 
>     If you have the GRASP animation system, then yes, it's quite easy.
>You simply use GLIB to extract the image (each "frame" in a .GL is
>actually a complete .PCX or .CLP file), then use one of MANY available
>utilities to convert it.  If you don't have the GRASP package, I'm afraid
>I can't help you.  Sorry.
>     By the way, before you ask, GRASP (GRaphics Animation System for
>Professionals) is a commercial product that sells for just over US$300
>from most mail-order companies I've seen.  And no, I don't have it.  :)
> 
> 
>                                               Corey Webb
> 

There are several public domain utilities available at your usual
archive site that allow 'extraction' of single frames from a .gl
file, check in the 'graphics' directories under *grasp.  The problem 
is that the .clp files you generate cannot be decoded by any of 
the many pd format converters I have used. Any hint welcome!
Let me know if you have problems locating the utilities.
Hope it helps.

-- 
Jacques Oberto  <oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it>

From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In <1r0ms5$k65@ratatosk.uninett.no> joachim@kih.no (joachim lous) writes:
>> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?
>I don't know where Douglas Adams took it from, but I'm pretty sure he's
>the one who launched it (in the Guide). Since then it's been showing up 
>all over the place.

Douglas Adams once said (paraphrased from memory): "I just picked it.  It
seemed like the sort of number you wouldn't be afraid to take home to meet
your parents.  Nice and even, perfectly normal."

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: XV under MS-DOS ?!?

In <1993Apr20.083731.260@eicn.etna.ch> NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch writes:
>Do somenone know the solution to run XV ??? any help would be apprecied..

I would guess that it requires X, almost certainly DV/X, which commonly
uses the GO32 (DJGPP) setup for its programs.  If you don't have DV/X
running, you can't get anything which requires interfacing with X.

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

From: ktt3@unix.brighton.ac.uk (Koon Tang)
Subject: PostScript driver for GINO

Does anybody know where I can get, via anonymous ftp or otherwise, a PostScript
driver for the graphics libraries GINO verison 3.0A ?

We are runnining on a VAX/VMS and are looking for a way outputing our plots to a
PostScript file...


Thanks in advance...
-- 
Koon Tang,                                internet: ktt3@unix.bton.ac.uk
Department of Mathematical Sciences,          uucp: uknet!itri!ktt3
University of Brighton,
Brighton,
BN2 4GJ,
U.K.

From: jfreund@taquito.engr.ucdavis.edu (Jason Freund)
Subject: Info on Medical Imaging systems


	Hi, 

	Is anyone into medical imaging?  I have a good ray tracing background,
and I'm interested in that field.  Could you point me to some sources?  Or
better yet, if you have any experience, do you want to talk about what's
going on or what you're working on?

Thanks,
Jason Freund

From: tristant@syma.sussex.ac.uk (Tristan Tarrant)
Subject: Paradise VGA

I have a Paradise SVGA with 1Mb, the 90c030 chip (1D). The docs say that
I can display the following modes : 640x480x32k colours and 800x600x32k cols
if I have the RAMDAC HiColor Chip. I have checked the board and I do have
such a chip. Now, the problem is that I can't get this mode to work !
Graphics Workshop 6.1 claims that it can display 24 bit images dithered
down to 15 bit colour with my board, but it doesn't work. I have tried
writing some assembler code to get the modes working and I have found out
that each pixel is addressed by a word ( 16 bit ), but only the lower 8 bits
are considered ( this happens in 800x600 mode, the 640x480 mode refuses to
work i.e. remains in text mode ).
Could someone please help me.

Tristan

From: dotzlaw@ccu.umanitoba.ca (Helmut Dotzlaw)
Subject: Anti-aliasing utility wanted

I am currently using POVRay on Mac and was wondering if anyone in netland
knows of public domain anti-aliasing utilities so that I can skip this step
in POV, very slow on this machine.  Any suggestions, opinions about
post-trace anti-aliasing would be greatly appreciated.

             Helmut Dotzlaw
Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
         University of Manitoba
            Winnipeg, Canada
        dotzlaw@ccu.umanitoba.ca

From: lmp8913@rigel.tamu.edu (PRESTON, LISA M)
Subject: Another CVIEW question (was CView answers)


	Has anybody gotten CVIEW to work in 32k or 64k color mode on a Trident
8900c hi-color card? At best the colors come out screwed up, and at worst the 
program hangs. I loaded the VESA driver, and the same thing happens on 2 
different machines.

	If it doesn't work on the Trident, does anybody know of a viewer that 
does?

Thanx!
LISA 


From: tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Re: Sun IPX root window display - background picture


I'm not sure if you got the information you were looking for, so I'll
post it anyway for the general public.  To load an image on your root
window add this line to the end of your .xsession file:

 xloadimage -onroot -fullscreen <gif_file_name> &

This is assuming of course you have the xloadimage client, and as
for the switches, I think they pretty much explain what is going on.
If you leave out the <&>, the terminal locks till you kill it.
(You already knew that though...)

Hope this helps.

Daemon

From: lasse@mits.mdata.fi (Lasse Reinikainen)
Subject: Re: WANTED: Multi-page GIF!!

In article <1993Apr20.053250.24854@worak.kaist.ac.kr> stjohn@math1.kaist.ac.kr (Ryou Seong Joon) writes:
>Hi!... 
>
>I am searching for packages that could handle Multi-page GIF
>files...    

If you are looking for viewer try VPIC60

    __________________           __
    \_________________|)____.---'--`---.____
                  ||    \----.________.----/
                  ||     / /    `--'                  lasse@mits.mdata.fi
                __||____/ /_
               |___         \
                   `--------'


From: tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Ray tracer for ms-dos?


Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)

Thanks in advance

Daemon


From: madler@cco.caltech.edu (Mark Adler)
Subject: Re: images of earth


>> So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>> The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

I'm sure the whole newspaper is copyrighted.  They could have gotten
permission to use the image under their own copyright.

mark

From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr20.143434.5069@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:
>In <1993Apr19.193758.12091@unocal.com> stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:
>
>>Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
>>that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
>>hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
>>so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.
>
>So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

(1) No explicit (c) is necessary.  If it the image is attributed to the
Geosphere Company, then there is a likelihood permission is has been
given to reprint.

(2) Unlikely that the owner can or will go after individuals.
However, "interesting" images do make their way into ads and
computer demos. That is when a pirate might get some flak.
This image is considered so "interesting" that many people would
like to use it whenever some global map is needed, so there
is lots of temptation.

(3) One mail person said since the source data- satellite imagery-
is not copyrighted, then the derived image can't be.  Not true.
A new, distinctive, creative expression of the data can be protected.
This image is certainly fits such, since NO ONE ELSE has taken the
tremendous effort to re-create it themselves.  Precedent is a recent
telephone book court case.  Ma Bell tried to copyright the data in
their books and prevent competitors from copying it (there are
trick entries in the book).  But the court only permitted copyright
of the expression of the data, and not the data themselves. (You cant
xerox and sell the telephone book.)

(4) There will be more attention to digital copyrights in the future
and computer becomes a mass product and moguls such as Bill Gates
are currently hoarding the digital copyrights.

(5) I'd prefer that Geosphere put this data in the public domain because
it is very interesting to me and others, but that's the way things are.

From: dingebre@imp.sim.es.com (David Ingebretsen)
Subject: Re: images of earth

I downloaded an image of the earth re-constructed from elevation data taken
at 1/2 degree increments. The author (not me) wrote some c-code (included)
that read in the data file and generated b&w and pseudo color images. They
work very well and are not incumbered by copyright. They are at an aminet
site near you called earth.lha in the amiga/pix/misc area...

I refer you to the included docs for the details on how the author (sorry, I
forget his name) created these images. The raw data is not included.

-- 
	David

	David M. Ingebretsen
	Evans & Sutherland Computer Corp.
	dingebre@thunder.sim.es.com

	Disclaimer: The content of this message in no way reflects the
	            opinions of my employer, nor are my actions
		    encouraged, supported, or acknowledged by my
		    employer.

From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Need polygon splitting algo...


In article <1qvq4b$r4t@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au>, g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad) writes:
|> 
|> The idea is to clip one polygon using another polygon (not
|> necessarily rectangular) as a window.  My problem then is in
|> finding out all the new vertices of the resulting "subpolygons"
|> from the first one.  Is this simply a matter of extending the
|> usual algorithm whereby each of the edges of one polygon is checked
|> against another polygon???  Is there a simpler way??
|> 
|> Comments welcome.
|> 
|> Noel.

	It depends on what kind of the polygons. 
	Convex - simple, concave - trouble, concave with loop(s)
	inside - big trouble.

	Of cause, you can use the box test to avoid checking
	each edges. According to my experience, there is not
	a simple way to go. The headache stuff is to deal with
	the special cases, for example, the overlapped lines.

	Yeh
	USC

From: johnh@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu (John J Humpal)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr20.143434.5069@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:

>So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

	The newspaper itself is almost certainly copyrighted in its
entirety.  Newspapers generally employ legal staffs which make sure
they get permission to use a copyrighted image or text.  Did you
do the same?
-- 
-John

John J. Humpal -- johnh@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu -- short .sig, std. disclaimer


From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: comp.graphics.programmer

In article <1qukk7INNd4l@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu> lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu  
writes:
> However, that is almost overkill.  Something more like this would probably
> make EVERYONE a lot happier:
> 
> comp.graphics.programmer
> comp.graphics.hardware
> comp.graphics.apps
> comp.graphics.misc

That's closer, but I dislike "apps".  "software" (vs. "hardware")
would be better.  Would that engulf alt.graphics.pixutils?  Or would
that be "programmer"?

I don't know if traffic is really heavy enough to warrant a newsgroup
split.  Look how busy comp.graphics.research is (not).

It's true that a lot of the traffic here is rehashing FAQs and
discussing things that would probably be better diverted to
system-specific groups, but I don't know whether a split would help
or hurt that cause.

Maybe we need a comp.graphics.RTFB for all those people who can't be
bothered to read the fine books out there.  Right, Dr. Rogers? :-)

ab

From: daniel@lclark.edu (Daniel Snodgrass)
Subject: Re: stand alone editing suite.

In article <1qvkaeINNgat@shelley.u.washington.edu> eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler) writes:
>I need some help.  We are upgrading our animation/video editing stand. We
>are looking into the different type of setups for A/B roll and a cuts only
>station.  We would like this to be controlled by a computer ( brand doesnt matter but maybe MAC, or AMIGA).  Low end to high end system setups would be very
>helpful. If you have a system or use a system that might be of use, could you
>mail me your system requirements, what it is used for, and all the hardware and
>software that will be necessary to set the system up.  If you need more 
>info, you  can mail me at   eylerken@u.washington.edu
>
>thanks in advance.
>
>:ken
>:eylerken@u.washington.edu


Here at Lewis and Clark College we have recently installed a Digital Film
system (based on the Mac Quadra) that does non-linear, full digital editing.

If you're considering such a system, here are the pros and cons:

For the educational environment, this system is excellent.  We use it to
produce a variety of educational materials for disemination on our local
network.  Because this programming is going to be viewed on other Macs, the
image quality is not as important as the ability to directly export the
video to the Net.

We also use it to produce orientiation and promotional video programs for
use by the Lewis & Clark community.  Since these programs are not meant for
commercial or broadcast use, image quality is not critical.

The Digital Film system, for those of you who are uninitiated, is an A/B roll
digitizing system on one $5000 JPEG compression card.  It was promoted as
an inexpensive online editing system with SVHS quality.  SuperMac, the maker
of the card, is trying to achieve this quality level, but as yet, has been
unable to deliver.  Our system produces "near VHS" quality at 30 fields per
second (640x480 overscan).  The card repeats every other field to get 60
fields per second.  This results in a kind of Super 8 film look that some
find distracting.

If you can get past this problem, you'll find the Adobe Premier editing 
software quite enjoyable with which to work.  It produces thousands of
different effects from crystalize filters to DVE transitions to color matting.

Because of its non-linear nature, editing is fast and easy.  If you've ever
used (or seen used) an AVID or Montage system, you'll recognize the methodology
and the user interface.

The total system with Quadra 950 (40Megs of RAM), 1 gig drive, 21" Apple mon-
itor, Panasonic SVHS 1960 edit deck, audio gear (cassette, CD, EQ, mixer, etc),
Composite monitor, Digital Film card will set you back about $20,000.

For you video cowboys and girls, this system will not output at a quality
that will satisfy most of your clients.  Even though you can perform more
effects than a toasterhead can imagine, an Amiga based off-line based system
will look better.

We use both Macs and Amigas for our video work.  Each for what each does best!


Dan Snodgrass
Media Services
Lewis & Clark College
Portland

From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: XV problems

[Please, note the Newsgroups.]

Recent discussion about XV's problems were held in some newsgroup.
Here is some text users of XV might find interesting.
I have added more to text to this collection article, so read on, even
you so my articles a while ago.

I hope author of XV corrects those problems as best he can, so fine
program XV is that it is worth of improving.
(I have also minor ideas for 24bit XV, e-mail me for them.)

Any misundertanding of mine is understandable.


Juhana Kouhia


==clip==

[ ..deleted..]

Note that 'xv' saves only 8bit/rasterized images; that means that
the saved jpegs are just like jpeg-to-gif-to-jpeg quality.
Also, there's three kind of 8bit quantizers; your final image quality
depends on them too.
 
This were the situation when I read jpeg FAQ a while ago.
 
IMHO, it is design error of 'xv'; there should not be such confusing
errors in programs.
There's two errors:
  -xv allows the saving of 8bit/rasterized image as jpeg even the
   original is 24bit -- saving 8bit/rasterized image instead of
   original 24bit should be a special case
  -xv allows saving the 8bit/rasterized image made with any quantizer
   -- the main case should be that 'xv' quantizes the image with the
   best quantizer available before saving the image to a file; lousier
   quantizers should be just for viewing purposes (and a special cases
   in saving the image, if at all)
 
==clip==

==clip==

[ ..deleted..]

It is limit of *XV*, but not limit of design.
It is error in design.
It is error that 8bit/quantized/rasterized images are stored as jpegs;
jpeg is not designed to that.

As matter of fact, I'm sure when XV were designed 24bit displays were
known. It is not bad error to program a program for 8bit images only
at that time, but when 24bit image formats are included to program the
whole design should be changed to support 24bit images.
That were not done and now we have
 -the program violate jpeg design (and any 24bit image format)
 -the program has human interface errors.

Otherway is to drop saving images as jpegs or any 24bit format without
clearly saying that it is special case and not expected in normal use.

[ ..deleted.. ]

==clip==

Some new items follows.

==clip==

I have seen that XV quantizes the image sometimes poorly with -best24
option than with default option we have.
The reason surely is the quantizer used as -best24; it is (surprise)
the same than used in ppmquant.

If you remember, I have tested some quantizers. In that test I found
that rlequant (with default) is best, then comes djpeg, fbmquant, xv
(our default) in that order. In my test ppmquant suggeeded very poorly
-- it actually gave image with bad artifacts.

I don't know is ppmquant improved any, but I expect no.
So, use of XV's -best24 option is not very good idea.

I suggest that author of XV changes the quantizer to the one used in
rlequant -- I'm sure rle-people gives permission.
(Another could be one used in ImageMagick; I have not tested it, so I
can say nothing about it.)

==clip==

==clip==

Some minor bugs in human interface are:

Key pressings and cursor clicks goes to a buffer; Often it happens
that I make click errors or press keyboard when cursor is in the wrong
place. It is very annoying when you have waited image to come about
five minutes and then it is gone away immediately.
The buffer should be cleaned when the image is complete.

Also, good idea is to wait few seconds before activating keyboard
and mouse for XV after the image is completed.
Often it happens that image pops to the screen quickly, just when
I'm writing something with editor or such. Those key pressings
then go to XV and image has gone or something weird.

In the color editor, when I turn a color meter and release it, XV
updates the images. It is impossible to change all RGB values first
and then get the updated image. It is annoying wait image to be
updated when the setting are not ready yet.
I suggest of adding an 'apply' button to update the exchanges done.

==clip==

From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu> tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
>Subject: Newsgroup Split
>Date: 19 Apr 1993 19:43:52 GMT
>Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
>doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
>this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
>different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
>a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
>for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
>Just curious.
>
>
>Daemon
>

Actuallay I don't, but on the other hand I don't support the idea of having
one newsgroup for every aspect of graphics programming as proposed by Brian,
in his reply to my original posting.
I would suggest a looser structure more like a comp.graphics.programmer,
comp.graphics.hw_and_sw
The reason for making as few groups as possible is for the same reason you
say we shouldn't spilt up, not to get to few postings every day.
I takes to much time to browse through all postings just to find two or 
three I'm interested in.

I understand and agree when you say you want all aspects of graphics in one
meeting. I agree to some extension. I see news as a forum to exchange ideas,
help others or to be helped. I think this is difficult to achive if there
are so many different things in one meeting.

Good evening netters|-)

Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

From: jbrandt@NeoSoft.com (J Brandt)
Subject: Beta Testers Wanted for Graphics Libraries


  Visual Numerics Inc. (formerly IMSL and Precision Visuals) is in the
process of securing sites for beta testing X Exponent Graphics 1.0 
and C Exponent Graphics 2.0.  (Both X Exponent Graphics and C Exponent
Graphics are 3GL products).  The beta period is from April 26 through 
June 18.  The platform is HP9000/700 running under OS 8.07 with 
ansi C 8.71 compiler.  The media will be sent on 4mm DAT cartridge 
tape.  Here are some of the key facts about the two products.
 
X Exponent Graphics 1.0 key facts:
 
1. Complete collection of high-level 2D and 3D application plot types
   available through a large collection of X resources.
2. Cstom widget for OSF/Motif developers.
3. Built-in interactive GUI for plot customization.
4. Easily-implemented callbacks for customized application feedback.
5. XEG 1.0, being built on the Xt Toolkit provides the user a widget 
   library that conforms to the expected syntax and standards familar 
   to X programmers.
6. XEG will also be sold as a bundle with Visual Edge's UIM/X product.
   This will enable user to use a GUI builder to create the graphical
   layout of an application.
 
C Exponent Graphics 2.0 key facts:
 
1. Written in C for C application programmers/developers.  The library
   is 100% written in C, and the programming interface conforms to C
   standards, taking advantage fo the most desirable features of C.
2. Build-in GUI for interactive plot customization.  Through mouse 
   interaction, the user has complete interactive graph output control
   with over 200 graphics attributes for plot customization.
3. Large collection of high-level application functions for "two-call"
   graph creation.  A wide variety of 2D and 3D plot types are available
   with minimal programming effort.
4. User ability to interrupt and control the X event.  By controlling
   the X event loop, when the user use the mouse to manipulate the  plot
   the user can allow CEG to control the event loop or the user can 
   control the event loop.
 
If anyone is interested in beta testing either of the products, please
contact Wendy Hou at Visual Numerics via email at hou@imsl.com or call
713-279-1066.
 
 
-- 
Jaclyn Brandt
jbrandt@NeoSoft.com
--

From: "danny hawrysio" <danny.hawrysio@canrem.com>
Subject: radiosity


-> I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method.

 I don't know what kind of machine you want it for, but the program
Radiance comes with 'C' source code - I don't have ftp access so I
couldn't tell you where to get it via that way.
--
Canada Remote Systems - Toronto, Ontario
416-629-7000/629-7044

From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <NERONE.93Apr20085951@sylvester.cc.utexas.edu> nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone) writes:
>From: nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone)
>Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split
>Date: 20 Apr 93 08:59:51
>In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>
>  CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
>  CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
>  CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
>  CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
>  CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
>  CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
>  CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
>  CH> Just curious.
>
>I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
>already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
>into one of these categories.
>
>Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
>groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
>would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
>environment.
>
>--
>   /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
>  /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
> /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
>/nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\


Maybe I should point out that we are not talking about c.s.amiga.*.
Only comp.graphics.

Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

From: srlnjal@grace.cri.nz
Subject: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL


Does anyone know of software that will allow
you to convert CorelDraw (.CDR) files
containing bitmaps to SCODAL, as this is the
only format our bureau's filmrecorder recognises.

Jeff Lyall
Inst.Geo.Nuc.Sci.Ltd
Lower Hutt New Zealand


From: idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <C5nF8t.Gsq@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>>	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, done in C and
>ASM.  I need a faster way to draw concave polygons that the method I have right
>now, which is very slow.

What kind of polygons?  Shaded?  Texturemapped?  Hm?  More comes into play with
fast routines than just "polygons".  It would be nice to know exaclty what
system (VGA is a start, but what processor?) and a few of the specifics of the
implementation.  You need to give  more info if you want to get any answers! :P

                                  - Ian Romanick
                                    Dancing Fool of Epsilon

[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]
 | Were the contained thoughts 'opinions',     EPN.NTSC.quality = Best|
 | PSU would probably not agree with them.                            |
 |                                                                    |
 | "Look, I don't know anything about                                 |
 | douche, but I do know Anti-Freeze                                  |
 | when I see it!" - The Dead Milkmen                                 |
[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]

From: xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao)
Subject: more on radiosity



In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
|>
|>
|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
|> I finished it.
|>
|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
|> to finish it.


 Are you using the traditional radiosity method, progressive refinement, or
  something else in your package?

 If you need to project patches on the hemi-cube surfaces, what technique are
  you using?  Do you have hardware to facilitate the projection?


|>
|> In the meantime you may have a look at the file
|>   Radiosity_code.tar.Z
|> located at
|>   compute1.cc.ncsu.edu


  What are the guest username and password for this ftp site?


|>
|> (there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)
|>
|> Hope that'll help.
|>
|> Yours
|>
|> Stephan
|>


   Thanks, Stephan.


    Josephine

From: kaufman@Xenon.Stanford.EDU (Marc T. Kaufman)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

joachim@kih.no (joachim lous) writes:

>ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:
-> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
-> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
-> significance".

-> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy, and rotfl the
-> second time. (After millions of years of calculation, the second-best
-> computer of all time reveals that 42 is the answer to the question
-> about life, the universe and everything)

-> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

>Yes.

-> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

   At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in
his note-book, called out "Silence!" and read out from his book
"Rule Forty-two. All persons more than a mile high to leave the court."
   Everybody looked at Alice.
   "I'm not a mile high," said Alice.
   "You are," said the King.
   "Nearly two miles high," added the queen.
   "Well, I sha'n't go, at any rate," said Alice; "besides, that's not
a regular rule: you invented it just now."
   "It's the oldest rule in the book," said the King.
   "Then it ought to be Number One," said Alice.

-- 
Marc Kaufman (kaufman@CS.Stanford.EDU)


From: ddeciacco@cix.compulink.co.uk (David Deciacco)
Subject: Re: Another CVIEW question (wa


In-Reply-To: <20APR199312262902@rigel.tamu.edu> lmp8913@rigel.tamu.edu (PRESTON, LISA M)

I have a trident card and fullview works real gif jpg try it#
dave

From: seth@north13.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: univesa driver


	I got the univesa driver available over the net. I thought that finally
my 1-meg oak board would be able to show 680x1024 256 colors. Unfortunately a
program still says that I can't do this. Is it the fault of the program (fractint)
or is there something wrong with my card.
	univesa- a free driver available over the net that makes many boards
vesa compatible. 

From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: windows imagine??!!


I sent off for my copy today...   Snail Mail.   Hope to get it back in
about ten days.  (Impulse said "a week".)

I hope it's as good as they claim...

Jim Nobles

(Hope I have what it takes to use it...  :>)


From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <7306@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
>What kind of polygons?  Shaded?  Texturemapped?  Hm?  More comes into play with
>fast routines than just "polygons".  It would be nice to know exaclty what
>system (VGA is a start, but what processor?) and a few of the specifics of the
>implementation.  You need to give  more info if you want to get any answers! :P

I don't want texture mapped, cause if I did I'd asked for them. :)  Just
a simple and fast routine to do filled polygons.  As for the processor, it'd
be for a minimum of a 286... maybe 386 if I can't find a good one for 286s.
Ideally, I want a polyn function that can clip to a user-defined viewport,
and write to an arbitrary location in memory.  Of course the chances of
finding something like that are pretty remote, so I guess I'd need the source
with it.  Oh, and I guess it would need to be in ASM otherwise it'd be too
slow.  I've seen some polygon routines in C, and they've all been waaay too
slow.  Its for a 3D vector graphics program.  I've been hunting high and low
for a polyn function in ASM, and I can't find one anywhere that I can use.
I've found one or two polyn functions, but my ASM is pretty bad, so I won't
even try to rewrite them. :)
		//Lucas.

From: yoo@engr.ucf.edu (Hoi Yoo)
Subject: Ribbon Information ?



Does anyone out there have or know of, any kind of utility program for

Ribbons?


Ribbons are a popular representation for 2D shape.  I am trying to
find symmetry axis in a given any 2D shape using ribbons.


Any suggestions will be greatly appreciated how to start program. 


Thanks very much in advance,
Hoi


yoo@engr.ucf.edu


Subject: Need rgb data from saved images
From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>

  Could someone please help me find a program or figure out how to extract a li
st of R G B values for each pixel in an image.  I can convert between tga and s
everal other popular formats but I need the R G B values for use in a program I
 am writing.  Thanks for the help

From: quan@sol.surv.utas.edu.au (Stephen Quan)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:

>In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>>In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>>>[...], but I'm looking for a fast polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>>A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, [...]

Hi, I've come across a fast triangle fill-draw routine for mode 13h.  By
calling this routine enough times, you have a fast polygon drawing routine.

I think I ftp'ed from wuarchive.wustl.edu:/pub/MSDOS_UPLOADS/programming.
I have a copy of it so I reupload it there.  The triangle.txt file has this
to say :

>  C and inline assembly source for a VGA mode 13h triangle drawer.

--
Stephen Quan (quan@sol.surv.utas.edu.au)      Tel : 002 202844 (local)
Research Fellow, Computer Scientist,          Fax : 002 240282 (local)
Centre for Spatial Information Systems,       Tel : 61 02 202844
University of Tasmania, Australia.            Fax : 61 02 240282

From: ykim@cs.columbia.edu (Yong Su Kim)
Subject: Fast wireframe graphics


I am working on a program to display 3d wireframe models with the user
being able to arbitrarily change any of the viewing parameters.  Also,
the wireframe objects are also going to have dynamic attributes so
that they can move around while the user is "exploring" the wireframe
world.

To do this, I am thinking of using the SRGP package described in the
Van Dam, Foley and Feiner book, but I was wondering if there was
another PD graphics package out there which was faster.  I would like
to make the program as fast as possible so that it provides
satisfactory real time performance on a Sun IPX.

Ideally, I'm looking for a PD graphics package which will allow me to
open a new window under X, and allow me to draw lines within the
window.  Also, it would also need to have some sort of event driven
interaction handling since the user is going to move around the
wireframe models using the keyboard.

If you know or wrote such a package, I would be grateful if you could
direct me to a ftp site which contains the package.

Thank you.

-- 
===============================================================================
Yong Su Kim, Class of 1993		|  Internet: yk4@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu
Columbia College, Columbia University   |        or  ykim@cs.columbia.edu
			

From: olson@anchor.esd.sgi.com (Dave Olson)
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

In <1qjrec$qem@network.ucsd.edu> spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont) writes:
| What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
| we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
| Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

It should have been made fairly clear that the *most* Crimson would
ever get was a 150 (75 old style) MHz CPU upgrade.  Certainly this
was mentioned on comp.sys.sgi on more than one occasion as being
likely.  If our sales folks were saying otherwise, they were either
confused, or less than honest/ethical, or somebody further up the
chain inside SGI was misleading them.

| I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
| previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
| for a while, rather than being flushed.

There were 4 versions (20, 25, 30, 35), although admittedly the 30 came
out at the same time as the 35, over a period of 2 1/2 years.  The
chassis simply couldn't be pushed any further.  I'd say 4 years was
a pretty good lifespan, myself, for a system design in this day and
age.  Getting the 35 to work caused a lot of gray hairs in both the
hardware and product design groups; we would have been out of our
minds to push it further, and I *know* that was made clear, almost
from the day the 35 started shipping.  We had one last kicker in
the form of the Elan graphics, which made 3 graphics versions over
its lifespan, which I also think is pretty good.

| Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
| keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
| pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
| just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
| getting boned in the process.

Please, by all means send a complaint letter through SGI support
or sales on your concerns.  There should be no reason for sales folks
to misrepresent future upgrades to customers (sure, sometimes there
will be confusion for a while, over whether an upgrade will be available,
but that shouldn't last too long, and doesn't seem to be what you
are referring to).

Yes, the sales folks *do* get bonus's at the end of some (all?) quarters,
but that is pretty common industry wide, and sometimes that can result
in good deals for customers (sometimes it probably pushes folks into
systems that aren't what they need, I'm sure, but nobody is *forcing*
you to buy at end of quarter, after all...)

| Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
| aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
| for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs

They don't get all that long a lead time either; although certainly
they get presentations on possible new products, and their opinions
may well influence the end product, but that also is life in the
industry.  We can't design systems that meet just their needs, or we
won't sell too many systems, after all (which is not to say that we
don't have some niche products, like Reality Engine).

| and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
| every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.
| The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
| entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond.  That
| means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
| have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
| previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
| vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
| And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
| could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
| supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).

But surely you don't expect a system you buy now for a five year
period to be constantly upgradable over that entire five year
period?  That's a rather unreasonable expectation, in my experience
(with workstations/microcomputers).  Supported, and parts available,
yes, but certainly not upgradable to the latest and greatest!

| Now you'll have to pardon me while I go off and hiss and fume in a
| corner somewhere and think dark, libelous thoughts.

I missed your first posting, but as I say, by all means share your
frustation with somebody at a level inside SGI where it might
have an effect (not immediate, I'm sure, but complaints aren't
going to be ignored, and *may* affect future plans, if we 
hear similar things from more than one person/site).

All of the above is, as usual, my personal opinion, not SGI's.
--
Let no one tell me that silence gives consent,  |   Dave Olson
because whoever is silent dissents.             |   Silicon Graphics, Inc.
    Maria Isabel Barreno                        |   olson@sgi.com
PS: I start my sabbatical 29 May, ask those questions now ;)

From: jr0930@eve.albany.edu (REGAN JAMES P)
Subject: Pascal-Fractals

-- 
 |||||||||||   		 	   ||||||||||| 
_|||||||||||_______________________|||||||||||_      jr0930@eve.albany.edu
-|||||||||||-----------------------|||||||||||-     jr0930@Albnyvms.bitnet
 |||||||||||  GO HEAVY OR GO HOME  |||||||||||

From: pes@hutcs.cs.hut.fi (Pekka Siltanen)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <1993Apr19.234409.18303@kpc.com> jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf) writes:
>In article <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl>, ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck) writes:
>|> I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>|> point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
>|> 
>|> An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,
>
>There was a very useful article in one of the 1989 issues of
>Transactions On Graphics. I believe Maureen Stone was one of
>the authors. Sorry not to be more specific. I don't have the
>reference here with me.


Stone, DeRose: Geometric characterization of parametric cubic curves.
ACM Trans. Graphics 8 (3) (1989) 147 - 163.


Manocha, Canny: Detecting cusps and inflection points in curves.
Computer aided geometric design 9 (1992) 1-24.

Pekka Siltanen






From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL

My CorelDRAW 3.0.whatever write SCODL files directly. Look under File|Export
on the main menu. 

Rick

From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

Marc T. Kaufman (kaufman@Xenon.Stanford.EDU) wrote:

> -> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

>    At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in
> his note-book, called out "Silence!" and read out from his book
> "Rule Forty-two. All persons more than a mile high to leave the court."
>    Everybody looked at Alice.
>    "I'm not a mile high," said Alice.
>    "You are," said the King.
>    "Nearly two miles high," added the queen.
>    "Well, I sha'n't go, at any rate," said Alice; "besides, that's not
> a regular rule: you invented it just now."
>    "It's the oldest rule in the book," said the King.
>    "Then it ought to be Number One," said Alice.

Does anybody have a collection of occurances of 42? (before and after
The Guide). If not, I would like to receive any odd bits you might know.
postings to alt.fan.douglas.adams.


--
    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

From: se92psh@brunel.ac.uk (Peter Hauke)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

joachim lous (joachim@kih.no) wrote:
: ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:

: > Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

Yep, here's a theory that I once heard bandied around.  Rather than thinking
of the number think of the sound. For Tea Two. A sort of anagram on Tea For Two,
Two for Tea, For Tea Two.

:-)

Peter


-- 
***********************************
* Peter Hauke @ Brunel University *
*---------------------------------*
*      se92psh@brunel.ac.uk       *
***********************************

From: jr0930@eve.albany.edu (REGAN JAMES P)
Subject: Re: Pascal-Fractals

Apparently, my editor didn't do what I wanted it to do, so I'll try again.

i'm looking for any programs or code to do simple animation and/or
drawing using fractals in TurboPascal for an IBM
              Thanks in advance
-- 
 |||||||||||   		 	   ||||||||||| 
_|||||||||||_______________________|||||||||||_      jr0930@eve.albany.edu
-|||||||||||-----------------------|||||||||||-     jr0930@Albnyvms.bitnet
 |||||||||||  GO HEAVY OR GO HOME  |||||||||||

From: schmidt@PrakInf.TH-Ilmenau.DE (Schmidt)
Subject: irit to pov ?

Has anybody made a converter from irit's .irt or .dat format to
 .pov format ?

Thanks!

-- 
Sebastian Schmidt			
TU Ilmenau Institut f. praktische Informatik 

From: cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk (Sunil Gupta)
Subject: Re: RTrace 8.2.0

Comp. Graphics/CAD (cgcad@bart.inescn.pt) wrote:
: There is a new version of the RTrace ray-tracing package (8.2.0) at
: asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory pub/RTrace.
: Check the README file.

cant seem to reach the site from over here:

>#ping 192.35.246.17
>ICMP Net Unreachable from gateway nsn-FIX-pe.sura.net (192.80.214.253)
>for icmp from ccws-24.brunel.ac.uk (134.83.176.30) to 192.35.246.17

Is it possible for you to upload to a more mainstream ftp place?

From: jbickers@templar.actrix.gen.nz (John Bickers)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

Quoted from <1993Apr20.125147.10665@genes.icgeb.trieste.it> by oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it (Jacques Oberto):

> file, check in the 'graphics' directories under *grasp.  The problem 
> is that the .clp files you generate cannot be decoded by any of 
> the many pd format converters I have used. Any hint welcome!

    The gl2p1.lzh stuff under gfx/show on the Aminet sites includes a
    utility called pic2hl, that is a filter for HamLab that can handle
    the most commonly used kinds of .PIC and .CLP files.

    The biggest problem is that the .CLP files don't usually contain a
    palette, so you need to convert a .PIC with the right palette
    first (which creates a "ram:picpal" file), and then convert the
    .CLP files.

> Jacques Oberto  <oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it>
--
*** John Bickers, TAP.                   jbickers@templar.actrix.gen.nz ***
***    "Radioactivity - It's in the air, for you and me" - Kraftwerk    ***

From: borst@cs.utwente.nl (Pim Borst)
Subject: PBM-PLUS sources, where?

Hi everybody,

Can anyone name an anonymous ftp-site where I can find the sources
of the PBM-PLUS package (portable bit/gray/pixel map).
I would like to compile and run it on a Sun Sparcstation.

Thanks!

From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? What good are they ?

In article <mdpyssc.2@fs1.mcc.ac.uk> mdpyssc@fs1.mcc.ac.uk (Sue Cunningham)  
writes:
> We have been using Iterated Systems compression board to compress 
> pathology images and are getting ratios of 40:1 to 70:1 without too
> much loss in quality. It is taking about 4 mins per image to compress,
> on a 25Mhz 486 but decompression is almost real time on a 386 in software 
> alone.

How does that compare with JPEG on the same images and hardware as far
as size, speed, and image quality are concerned?

Despite my skeptical and sometimes nearly rabid postings
criticizing Barnsley and company, I am very interested in the
technique.  If I weren't I probably wouldn't be so critical. :-)

ab

Subject: Re: univesa driver
From: djlewis@ualr.edu

In article <13622@news.duke.edu>, seth@north13.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman) writes:
> 
> 	I got the univesa driver available over the net. I thought that finally
> my 1-meg oak board would be able to show 680x1024 256 colors. Unfortunately a
> program still says that I can't do this. Is it the fault of the program (fractint)
> or is there something wrong with my card.
> 	univesa- a free driver available over the net that makes many boards
> vesa compatible. 
WHATS THIS  680x1024 256 color mode? Asking a lot of your hardware ?

Don Lewis
<djlewis@ualr.edu>


From: amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann)
Subject: Re: more on radiosity

In article 66319@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU, xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao) writes:
>
>
>In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
>|>
>|>
>|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
>|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
>|> I finished it.
>|>
>|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
>|> to finish it.
>
>
> Are you using the traditional radiosity method, progressive refinement, or
>  something else in your package?
>

My package is based on several articles about non-standard radiosity and
some unpublished methods.

The main articles are:

-  Cohen, Chen, Wallace, Greenberg : 
    A Progressive Refinement Approach to fast Radiosity Image Generation
     Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH), V. 22(No. 4), pp 75-84, August 1988

-  Silion, Puech
    A General Two-Pass Method Integrating Specular and Diffuse Reflection
    Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH), V23(No. 3), pp335-344, July 1989 

> If you need to project patches on the hemi-cube surfaces, what technique are
>  you using?  Do you have hardware to facilitate the projection?
>

I do not use hemi-cubes. I have no special hardware (SUN SPARCstation).

>
>|>
>|> In the meantime you may have a look at the file
>|>   Radiosity_code.tar.Z
>|> located at
>|>   compute1.cc.ncsu.edu
>
>
>  What are the guest username and password for this ftp site?
>

Use anonymous as username and your e-mail address as password.

>
>|>
>|> (there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)
>|>
>|> Hope that'll help.
>|>
>|> Yours
>|>
>|> Stephan
>|>
>
>
>   Thanks, Stephan.
>
>
>    Josephine


Stephan.


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Stephan Amann     SIG Computer Graphics, University of Berne, Switzerland
           amann@iam.unibe.ch
	   Tel +41 31 65 46 79	   Fax +41 31 65 39 65

 Projects: Radiosity, Raytracing, Computer Graphics

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Subject: XV for MS-DOS !!!
From: NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch

Hi !!! This is the response for Wayne Michael...and certainly for other-one :-)


I'm sorry for...

    1)  The late of the answer but I couldn't find xv221 for msdos 'cause 
	I forgot the address...but I've retrieve it..

    2)  Posting this answer here in comp.graphics 'cause I can't use e-mail,
	not yet....

   2) My bad english 'cause I'm a Swiss and my language is french....


After a long time I retrieve the address where you can find XV for Dos...

	Site	: omnigate.clarkson.edu
	Aliases	: grape.ecs.clarkson.edu
	Number	: 128.153.4.2

	/pub/msdos/djgpp/pub

	it's xv221.zip (?) I think...


Certainly you read the other answer from Kevin Martin... He write about DV/X 
(?). 

    What is it ?????? Could Someone answer ????
	
	Thanx in advance.... 

-- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------
*								    *
*  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *
*  Ecole d'ingnieur ETS	|	(Not Available at this time)*
*  2400 Le LOCLE		|				    *
*  Suisse 							    *
*		     !!!! Enjoy COMPUTER !!!!			    *
*								    *
---------------------------------------------------------------------

From: fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr (FOMBARON marc)
Subject: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
Thank you for helping

Marc.
-- 
      _/_/  _/_/   e-mail : Marc.Fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr
     _/ _/_/ _/
    _/  _/  _/  _/     _/    _/_/_/   _/_/_/_/   _/  _/_/_/_/  Marc Fombaron.
   _/      _/  _/     _/  _/      _/ _/     _/  _/  _/     _/  Grenoble.

From: freemant@dcs.glasgow.ac.uk (Toby Freeman,TJF,G151,3344813,OCT95, )
Subject: Re: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL

>Does anyone know of software that will allow
>you to convert CorelDraw (.CDR) files
>containing bitmaps to SCODAL, as this is the
>only format our bureau's filmrecorder recognises.
>
>Jeff Lyall

I used this combination for a while - A QCR-Z recorder,
I think - and as far as I remember Corel can EXPORT in
SCODAL (.scd) format.  Just select 'EXPORT' on the main
file menu.  This may not be implemented in earlier versions,
of course, in which case you're on your own!!!

Also, I seem to think that the s/w for the QCR-Z (at the time)
did strange (and very undesirable) things if ANY part of the
pic was outside the screen area on Corel.  I once spent an
afternoon painfully discovering that ONE pixel had somehow
strayed off-screen, causing my whole slide to be blank!!!

The QCR-Z also couldn't handle grad-fill over grad-fill -
so if you use a graduated colour background, if you then
grad-fill an object on top of this, the fill appears on the
final slide as a circle (I think) and TOTALLY IGNORES the
shape of the object being filled!!!

Of course, if the recorder isn't a QCR, you can ignore all
this and feel suitably :-)

Cheers, Toby.
____________________________________._.____._.__________._.__________._.______
____________________________________!  \__/  !__________!_!__________! !______
___!                            !___! . \/ . !___.__.___._.___.___._.! !__.___
___! Toby Freeman               !___! !\  /! !__/ __ \__! !__/ .__!_!. .__!___
___! Glasgow University         !___! !_\/_! !_! !__! !_! !_! <__.___! !______
___! freemant@uk.ac.glasgow.dcs !___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !__\___ \__! !______
___!____________________________!___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !_.____> !_! !__.___
____________________________________!_!____!_!__\____/__!_!_!_____/___\___!___


From: lulagos@cipres.cec.uchile.cl (admirador)
Subject: OAK VGA 1Mb. Please, I needd VESA TSR!!! 8^)


	Hi there!...
		Well, i have a 386/40 with SVGA 1Mb. (OAK chip 077) and i don't
		have VESA TSR program for this card. I need it . 
			Please... if anybody can help me, mail me at:
			lulagos@araucaria.cec.uchile.cl

												Thanks.
													Mackk. 
   _   /| 
   \'o.O' 
   =(___)=
      U   
     Ack!

From: luis.nobrega@filebank.cts.com (Luis Nobrega) 
Subject: PC PAINTBRUSH IV+

I am trying to configure Zsoft's PC Paintbrush IV+ for use with my
Logitech Scanman 32 (hand scanner), but I can't get Paintbrush to
acknowledge the scanner. Is there anybody out there using Paintbrush
with a scanner, if so, can you help me out?
                                Thanks Luis Nobrega
                                                                                      
----
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*
| The File Bank BBS - 619-728-4318 - PCBoard v.14.5a/E10 - USR HST & DS    |
| 8 nodes / RIME / Internet / Largest Clipper file collection in the world |
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*

From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: XV for MS-DOS !!!

NOE-MAILADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch wrote:
> I'm sorry for...

>     1)  The late of the answer but I couldn't find xv221 for msdos 'cause 
> 	I forgot the address...but I've retrieve it..

>     2)  Posting this answer here in comp.graphics 'cause I can't use e-mail,
>    ^^^  not yet....

>    2) My bad english 'cause I'm a Swiss and my language is french....
    ^^^
If french is your language, try counting in french in stead, maybe
it will work better.... :-)

    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
: >"current directory".

: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

I posted this as well before the cview "expert".  Apparently, he thought he
knew better.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com

From: emarciniak@email.bony.com
Subject: Image of pictures...

Hi there,
  I am looking for advice on software/hardware package for making, 
storing and processing of pictures. The ideal software would allow me to
cahnge size of the picture, edit it ( it means add text below, above...) 
and the most important is it would have DOS command interface...
Thank you in advance...
emanuel marciniak
the bank of new york.. 

From: raynor@cs.scarolina.edu (Harold Brian Raynor)
Subject: Help needed on hidden line removal


I am looking for some information of hidden line removal using Roberts
algorithm.  Something with code, or pseudo code would be especially
helpful.

I am required to do this for a class, due Monday (we have very little
time to implement these changes, it is a VERY FAST paced class).  The
notes given in class leave a LOT to be desired, so I would vastly
appreciate any help.

Actually any algorithm would be nice (Roberts or no).  The main problem
is two objects intersecting in x and y dimensions, need to know which
lines to clip off so that one object will appear in front of another.

If you can give me an ftp address and filename, or even the name of a
good book, I'd REALLY appreciate it.

Thanks,
Brian Raynor


From: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu (Ed Stastny)
Subject: The OTIS Project (FTP sites for original art and images)


	-------------------------------------
	+ ............The OTIS Project '93  +      
	+ "The Operative Term Is STIMULATE" + 
	-------------------------------------
	---this file last updated..4-21-93---


WHAT IS OTIS?

OTIS is here for the purpose of distributing original artwork
and photographs over the network for public perusal, scrutiny,    
and distribution.  Digital immortality.

The basic idea behind "digital immortality" is that computer networks   
are here to stay and that anything interesting you deposit on them
will be around near-forever.  The GIFs and JPGs of today will be the
artifacts of a digital future.  Perhaps they'll be put in different
formats, perhaps only surviving on backup tapes....but they'll be
there...and someone will dig them up.  
 
If that doesn't interest you... OTIS also offers a forum for critique
and exhibition of your works....a virtual art gallery that never closes
and exists in an information dimension where your submissions will hang
as wallpaper on thousands of glowing monitors.  Suddenly, life is 
breathed into your work...and by merit of it's stimulus, it will 
travel the globe on pulses of light and electrons.
 
Spectators are welcome also, feel free to browse the gallery and 
let the artists know what you think of their efforts.  Keep your own
copies of the images to look at when you've got the gumption...
that's what they're here for.

---------------------------------------------------------------

WHERE?             

OTIS currently (as of 4/21/93) has two FTP sites.  
 
 	141.214.4.135 (projects/otis), the UWI site
		
	sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS), the SUNsite 
	(you can also GOPHER to this site for OTIS as well)

Merely "anonymous FTP" to either site on Internet and change to the
appropriate directory.  Don't forget to get busy and use the "bin"
command to make sure you're in binary.

OTIS has also been spreading to some dial-up BBS systems around North
America....the following systems have a substancial supply of
OTIStuff...
	Underground Cafe (Omaha) (402.339.0179) 2 lines
	CyberDen (SanFran?) (415.472.5527)  Usenet Waffle-iron

--------------------------------------------------------------
 
HOW DO YOU CONTRIBUTE?
              
What happens is...you draw a pretty picture or take a lovely   
photo, get it scanned into an image file, then either FTP-put
it in the CONTRIB/Incoming directory or use UUENCODE to send it to me
(email addresses at eof) in email.  After the image is received,
it will be put into the correct directory.  Computer originated works
are also welcome.

OTIS' directories house two types of image files, GIF and JPG.  
GIF and JPG files require, oddly enough, a GIF or JPG viewer to 
see.  These viewers are available for all types of computers at 
most large FTP sites around Internet.  JPG viewers are a bit
tougher to find.  If you can't find one, but do have a GIF viewer,  
you can obtain a JPG-to-GIF conversion program which will change    
JPG files to a standard GIF format. 

OTIS also accepts animation files.      

When you submit image files, please send me email at the same time
stating information about what you uploaded and whether it is to be
used (in publications or other projects) or if it is merely for people
to view.  Also, include some biographical information on yourself, we'll
be having info-files on each contributing artist and their works.  You 
can also just upload a text-file of info about yourself (instead of 
emailing).

If you have pictures, but no scanner, there is hope.  Merely send
copies to:

The OTIS Project
c/o Ed Stastny
PO BX 241113
Omaha, NE 68124-1113

I will either scan them myself or get them to someone who will  
scan them.  Include an ample SASE if you want your stuff back.  
Also include information on each image, preferably a 1-3 line 
description of the image that we can include in the infofile in the
directory where it's finally put.  If you have preferences as to what
the images are to be named, include those as well.  
 
Conversely, if you have a scanner and would like to help out, please
contact me and we'll arrange things.

If you want to submit your works by disk, peachy.  Merely send a 3.5"
disk to the above address (Omaha) and a SASE if you want your disk back.
This is good for people who don't have direct access to encoders or FTP,
but do have access to a scanner.  We accept disks in either Mac or IBM
compatible format.  If possible, please submit image files as GIF or
JPG.  If you can't...we can convert from most formats...we'd just rather
not have to.

At senders request, we can also fill disks with as much OTIS as they
can stand.  Even if you don't have stuff to contribute, you can send
a blank disk and an SASE (or $2.50 for disk, postage and packing) to 
get a slab-o-OTIS.

As of 04/21/93, we're at about 18 megabytes of files, and growing.  
Email me for current archive size and directory.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

DISTRIBUTION?

The images distributed by the OTIS project may be distributed freely   
on the condition that the original filename is kept and that it is
not altered in any way (save to convert from one image format to
another).  In fact, we encourage files to be distributed to local 
bulletin boards and such.  If you could, please transport the
appropriate text files along with the images.  
 
It would also be nice if you'd send me a note when you did post images
from OTIS to your local bbs.  I just want to keep track of them so
participants can have some idea how widespread their stuff is.

It's the purpose of OTIS to get these images spread out as much as
possible.  If you have the time, please upload a few to your favorite
BBS system....or even just post this "info-file" there.  It would be
keen of you.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

USE?

If you want to use any of the works you find on the OTIS directory,
you'll have to check to see if permission has been granted and the 
stipulations of the permission (such as free copy of publication, or
full address credit).  You will either find this in the ".rm" file for    
the image or series of images...or in the "Artists" directory under the 
Artists name.  If permission isn't explicitly given, then you'll have 
to contact the artist to ask for it.  If no info is available, email
me (ed@cwis.unomaha.edu), and I'll get in contact with the artist for 
you, or give you their contact information.
 
When you DO use permitted work, it's always courteous to let the artist
know about it, perhaps even send them a free copy or some such
compensation for their files.

---------------------------------------------------------------------

NAMING IMAGES?

Please keep the names of your files in "dos" format.  That means, keep
the filename (before .jpg or .gif) to eight characters or less.  The way
I usually do it is to use the initials of the artist, plus a three or
four digit "code" for the series of images, plus the series number.
Thus, Leonardo DeVinci's fifth mechanical drawing would be something
like:
 
	ldmek5.gif     OR    ldmek5.jpg    OR    ldmech5.gif   ETC

Keeping the names under 8 characters assures that the filename will
remain intact on all systems.  


---------------------------------------------------------------------- 

CREATING IMAGE FILES?

When creating image files, be sure to at least include your name
somewhere on or below the picture.  This gives people a reference in
case they'd like to contact you.  You may also want to include a title,
address or other information you'd like people to know.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

HMMM?!

That's about it for now.  More "guidelines" will be added as needed.
Your input is expected.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DISCLAIMER:  The OTIS Project has no connection to the Church of OTIS  
 	     (a sumerian deity) or it's followers, be they pope, priest,
	     or ezine administrator.  We do take sacrifices and donations
	     however.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DISCLAIMER:  The OTIS Project is here for the distribution of original 
 	     image files.  The files will go to the public at large.  
	     It's possible, as with any form of mass-media, that someone
	     could unscrupulously use your images for financial gain.  
    	     Unless you've given permission for that, it's illegal.  OTIS
	     takes no responsibility for this.  In simple terms, all rights
	     revert to the author/artist.  To leave an image on OTIS is to 
	     give permission for it to be viewed, copied and distributed 
	     electronically.  If you don't want your images distributed     
	     all-over, don't upload them.  To leave an image on OTIS is
	     NOT giving permission to have it used in any publication or
	     broadcast that incurs profit (this includes, but is not 
	     limited to, magazines, newsletters, clip-art software,        
	     screen-printed clothing, etc).  You must give specific
	     permission for this sort of usage.  

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Remember, the operative term is "stimulate".  If you know of people
that'd be interested in this sort of thing...get them involved...kick'm
in the booty....offer them free food...whatever...

....e  (ed@cwis.unomaha.edu)
       (ed@sunsite.unc.edu)

--
Ed Stastny           | OTIS Project, END PROCESS, SOUND News and Arts 
PO BX 241113	     | FTP: sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS)
Omaha, NE 68124-1113 |      141.214.4.135 (projects/otis)
---------------------- EMail: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu, ed@sunsite.unc.edu

From: KINDER@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu (JIM COBB)
Subject: ET 4000 /W32 VL-Bus Cards

Does anyone know of a VL-Bus video card based on the ET4000 /W32 card?
If so: how much will it cost, where can I get one, does it come with more
than 1MB of ram, and what is the windows performance like?

From: mart4678@mach1.wlu.ca (Phil Martin u)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
: Just curious.
: 
: 
: Daemon
: 

Yes. I also like knowing where to go to ask a question without getting
hell for putting it in the wrong newsgroup.

Phil Martin.

From: S_BRAUN@IRAV19.ira.uka.de (Thomas Braun)
Subject: sources for shading wanted

I'm looking for shading methods and algorithms.
Please let me know if you know where to get source codes for that.

Thanks a lot!

Thomas


+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                   Thomas Braun, Universitaet Karlsruhe                      |
|                    E-Mail : S_BRAUN@iravcl.ira.uka.de                       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_     Thomas Braun                                        |
|       \_     \_   \_    University Karlsruhe, Germany                      |
|        \_     \_\_\_     email:                                            |
|         \_     \_   \_    - S_Braun@iravcl.ira.uka.de                      |
|          \_     \_\_\_     - UKAY@dkauni2.bitnet                           |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
                         

From: dstampe@psych.toronto.edu (Dave Stampe)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

sol.surv.utas.edu.au (Stephen Quan) writes:

>>>>[...], but I'm looking for a fast polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>>>A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, [...]
>
>Hi, I've come across a fast triangle fill-draw routine for mode 13h.  By
>calling this routine enough times, you have a fast polygon drawing routine.
>
>I think I ftp'ed from wuarchive.wustl.edu:/pub/MSDOS_UPLOADS/programming.
>I have a copy of it so I reupload it there.  The triangle.txt file has this
>to say :
>
>>  C and inline assembly source for a VGA mode 13h triangle drawer.
>
Another source:  There's a poly blitter for mode y (mode x in 320x200)
at sunee.uwaterloo.ca.  Also there is REND386, an even faster 3D
renderer with VR extensions.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| My life is Hardware,                    |         Dave Stampe          | 
| my destiny is Software,                 | dstampe@psych.toronto.edu    |
| my CPU is Wetware...                    | dstampe@sunee.uwaterloo.ca   | 
| Am I a techno-psychologist, or just a psycho-engineer ??               |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------


From: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov (Chris Johnston)
Subject: One day graphics/composites seminar

SAMPE, NCGA, The University of Akron, and NASA Lewis Research Center
is sponsoring:

                      COMPUTERS AND COMPOSITES

	A one-day seminar devoted to practical applications of
	computer workstations for efficient processing, design, and
			Manufacture of composites

May 18, 1993
at
 The University of Akron
  Akron, Ohio

Speakers on:
 Advancement in Graphics Visualization   Dr. Jay Horowitz, NASA
 Integrated Product Development with     Mr. Michael R. Cowen
  Network Workstations		          Sikorski Aircraft
 Structural Analysis			 Mr. Brian Fite, NASA
 Stereolithography			 Mr. Jason Williams, Penn State-Erie
 Molecular and Physical Modeling	 Dr. Vassilios Galiatsato,
  of Polymer Curing                       University of Akron
 Process Modeling of Polymer
  Matrix Composites			 Dr Ram Upadhyay, GE Corporate R&D

Registration Fees: $75.00 Advance, $100.00 on site (Includes box lunch)

Contact Gary Roberts, NASA Lewis Research Center (216) 433-344
or write:
	SAMPE Regional Seminar
	c/o Gary Roberts
	NASA Lewis Research Center
	21000 Brookpark Rd MS 49-1
	Cleveland, Ohio 44135

Or Email to me, | and I'll get it to Gary.
		|
	        \/
-- 
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chris Johnston                  (216) 433-5029                            |
| Materials Engineer		  (216) 433-5033                            |
| NASA Lewis Research Center   Internet: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov          |
| 21000 Brookpark Rd MS 105-1		 				    |
| Cleveland, OH 4413 USA	Resistance is futile!			    |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+


From: haberj@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Haber Joerg)
Subject: ray tracing spline surfaces


Hi net!
Due to further investigation I would like to study the following article:
	Peterson, "Ray tracing general B-Splines",
	Proc. ACM Mountain Regional Conference, April 1986
Unfortunately I didn't find it in any library's register.
If there is anyone having access to this paper or knowing about a
library containing those proceedings (preferrably in Germany), please 
let me know! Any help would be appreciated! 

Thanks a lot, 
Joerg Haber

--
  Joerg Haber                	haberj@mathematik.tu-muenchen.de
  Mathematisches Institut
  TU Muenchen

From: nahess@mir.gatech.edu (Nicholas A. Hess)
Subject: Hitatchi Raster Format (HRF)?

 Our shop uses a package called CADCore - very good - to scan and
subsequently vectorize original maps into digital maps. The problem is that
once the raster file is loaded into the CADCore package, a header is added
to the .HRF file which makes it unreadable by the supplied converter. We
would like to be able to ship some of the already-altered raster images for
further use on our workstations. So, here are my questions:

 (1) What is the Hitachi format? - I need this format so I can recognize
precisely what to strip out. I strongly suspect that it's a compressed
format - if so, then t might not be possible for me to strip out the
offending header.

 (2) Are there any UNIX packages that read and recognize HRF? It would be
really nice to find some sort of "hrftopbm" converter out there. ;)

 I've already searched some of the more well-known ftp sites which contain
graphics formats documentation, with no luck. So, if you know, or knwo
someone who knows - please email! Thanks.


From: echen@burn.ee.washington.edu (Ed Chen)
Subject: Windows BMP to Sun raster or others?

Hi,


Anyone has a converter from BMP to any format that xview or xv can

handle?  This converter must run Unix..  I looked at the FAQ and downloaded
several packages but had no luck...  thanks in advance.

ed

echen@burn.ee.washington.edu

From: thester@nyx.cs.du.edu (Uncle Fester)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <5103@moscom.com> mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar) writes:
>Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
>: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
>: >"current directory".
>
>: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
>: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
>: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
>: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.
>
>I posted this as well before the cview "expert".  Apparently, he thought
he
>knew better.
>
>Matthew Zenkar
>mz@moscom.com


     Are we talking about ColorView for DOS here?  
     I have version 2.0 and it writes the temp files to its own
     current directory.
     What later versions do, I admit that I don't know.
     Assuming your "expert" referenced above is talking about
     the version that I have, then I'd say he is correct.
     Is the ColorView for unix what is being discussed?
     Just mixed up, confused, befuddled, but genuinely and
     entirely curious....

     Uncle Fester

--
           :     What God Wants      :  God wants gigolos          :
           :        God gets         :  God wants giraffes         :
           :     God help us all     :  God wants politics         :
           : *thester@nyx.cs.du.edu* :  God wants a good laugh     :

From: beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert)
Subject: Photoshop for Windows



I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?

Any comments would be greatly appreciated..

Thank you.

Andre Boisvert
beaver@rot.qc.ca


From: ch41@prism.gatech.EDU (claye hart)
Subject: graphics libraries

I am interested in a 2d/3d graphics library which will allow our design
team to write graphics software for Unix workstations and be as portable as 
possible.  Eventually this software will have to be moved to Microsoft
Windows.  It is my opinion that a good API with hooks to PEX underneath
would prove most portable.

Does anyone out there have any experience with Figaro+ form TGS or
HOOPS from Ithaca Software?  I would appreciate any comments.

- Claye Hart

-- 
Claye K. Hart 404-894-9729
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!prism!ch41
Internet: claye.hart@gtri.gatech.edu

From: tlc@cx5.com
Subject: .SCF files, help needed



I've got an old demo disk that I need to view. It was made using RIX Softworks.  
The files on the two diskette set end with: .scf

The demo was VGA resolution (256 colors), but I don't know the spatial  
resolution.

First problem: When I try to run the demo, the screen has two black bars that  
cut across (horizontally) the screen, in the top third and bottom third of the  
screen. The bars are about 1-inch wide. Other than this, the demo (the  
animation part) seems to be running fine.

Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display  
these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf  
files.

The system I am using: 486clone, Diamond Speedstar 24, Sony monitor.

Any suggestions?

Thank You,
T. Castro
tlc@cx5.com

From: u122743@twncu865.ncu.edu.tw
Subject: QUESTION: Video Projector

I am setting up a video-aid for a computer room for the teacher to share his
display with the class.

I have seen people using video projector, TV sets and large monitor to do
presentations before. I am told that there are three ways to connect video
projector: composite, Y/C & RGB.

Can anyone explain to me the difference and their likely costs?

Please reply to my INETNET E-mail account as well as posting in bulletin:
u129008@sparc20.nuc.edu.tw

I also like to know if there are TELNET or KERMIT for windows.

Tim Chen

From: Mark A. Cartwright <markc@emx.utexas.edu>
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Well,

42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.

Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...

--
Mark A. Cartwright, N5SNP
University of Texas @ Austin
Computation Center, Graphics Facility
markc@emx.utexas.edu
markc@sirius.cc.utexas.edu
markc@hermes.chpc.utexas.edu
(512)-471-3241 x 362

PP-ASEL 9-92

a.) "Often in error, never in doubt."
b.) "This situation has no gravity, I would like a refund please."

From: buck@HQ.Ileaf.COM (David Buchholz x3252)
Subject: Looking for WMF Converter


I'm looking for any leads to the source of a good Windows
Meta File converter or interpreter. I need this for use
outside the Windows environment. PD sources preferred, but
not a requirement. Please reply to the address below.


David Buchholz               Internet: buck@ileaf.com
Product Manager                  uucp: uunet!leafusa!buck
Interleaf, Inc.                 voice: 617.290.4990 x-3252




From: kimd@rs6401.ecs.rpi.edu (Daniel Chungwan Kim)
Subject: WANTED: Super 8mm Projector with SOUNDS

	I am looking for Super 8mm Projector with SOUNDS.
If anybody out there has one for sale, send email with
the name of brand, condition of the projector, and price
for sale to kimd@rpi.edu
(IT MUST HAVE SOUND CAPABILITY)

Danny
kimd@rpi.edu


From: srlnjal@grace.cri.nz
Subject: CorelDraw BITMAP to SCODAL (2)


Yes I am aware CorelDraw exports in SCODAL.
Version 2 did it quite well, apart from a
few hassles with radial fills. Version 3 RevB
is better but if you try to export in SCODAL
with a bitmap image included in the drawing
it will say something like "cannot export
SCODAL with bitmap"- at least it does on my
version.
 If anyone out there knows a way around this
I am all ears.
 Temporal images make a product called Filmpak
which converts Autocad plots to SCODAL, postscript
to SCODAL and now GIF to SCODAL but it costs $650
and I was just wondering if there was anything out
there that just did the bitmap to SCODAL part a tad
cheaper.

Jeff Lyall
Inst.Geo.&.Nuc.Sci.Ltd
Lower Hutt New Zealand


From: billj@b11.b11.ingr.com (Bill Jones)
Subject: Re: Need specs/info on Apple QuickTime

add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray) writes:

>I need to get the specs, or at least a very verbose interpretation of the
>specs, for QuickTime.  Technical articles from magazines and references to
>books would be nice too.

>I also need the specs in a format usable on a Unix or MS-DOS system.  I can't
>do much with the QuickTime stuff they have on ftp.apple.com in its present
>format.

Apple just released the Quicktime volume of the new Inside Macintosh series.
Any bookstore with reasonable technical stock should have it.

Bill Jones
billj@beowulf.b11.ingr.com


From: bio1@navi.up.ac.za (Fourie Joubert)
Subject: Image Analysis for PC

Hi

I am looking for Image Analysis software running in DOS or Windows. I'd like 
to be able to analyze TIFF or similar files to generate histograms of 
patterns, etc. 

Any help would be appreciated!

__________________________________________________________________________

     _/_/_/_/  _/_/_/_/_/ Fourie Joubert           
    _/            _/    Department of Biochemistry
   _/            _/    University of Pretoria
  _/_/_/_/      _/    bio1@navi.up.ac.za
 _/            _/
_/      _/_/_/_/
__________________________________________________________________________


From: s127@ii.uib.no (Torgeir Veimo)
Subject: Re: sources for shading wanted

In article <1r3ih5INNldi@irau40.ira.uka.de>, S_BRAUN@IRAV19.ira.uka.de 
(Thomas Braun) writes:
|> I'm looking for shading methods and algorithms.
|> Please let me know if you know where to get source codes for that.

'Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery' by Roy Hall contains c
source for several famous illumination models, including Bouknight, Phong,
Blinn, Whitted, and Hall illumination models. If you want an introduction to
shading you might look through the book 'Writing a Raytracer' edited by
Glassner. Also, the book 'Procedural elements for Computer Graphics' by Rogers
is a good reference. Source for code in these book are available on the net i 
believe, you might check out nic.funet.fi or some site closer to you carrying 
graphics related stuff. 

Hope this is what you were asking for.
-- 
Torgeir Veimo

Studying at the University of Bergen

"...I'm gona wave my freak flag high!" (Jimi Hendrix)

"...and it would be okay on any other day!" (The Police)


From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
: >"current directory".

: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

This is what I posted that cview uses the root directory of the drive
cview is on.  However, since It has so much trouble reading large files
from floppy, I suspect that it uses the root directory of the drive the
image files are on.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com


From: kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA (Kardan Kaveh)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

I haven't been following this thread, so appologies if this has already been
mentioned, but how about

	comp.graphics.3d

-- 
Kaveh Kardan
kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA

From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Fast wireframe graphics


In article <C5tK4u.C6t@cs.columbia.edu>, ykim@cs.columbia.edu (Yong Su Kim) writes:
|> 
|> I am working on a program to display 3d wireframe models with the user
|> being able to arbitrarily change any of the viewing parameters.  Also,
|> the wireframe objects are also going to have dynamic attributes so
|> that they can move around while the user is "exploring" the wireframe
|> world.

	Why don't you consider PHIGS in X or PEX lib?

	Yeh
	USC


From: renner@adobe.com (John Renner)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <19930420.090030.915@almaden.ibm.com> capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Capelli) writes:
>In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
>>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
>
>See:
>   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
>   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
>   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.

I've used that reference, and found that I needed to go to their
original tech report:

	Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
	"Characterizing Cubic Bezier Curves"
	Xerox  EDL-88-8, December 1988

This report can be obtained for free from:
Xerox Corporation
Palo Alto Research Center
3333 Coyote Hill Road
Palo Alto, California 94303
+1-415-494-4440

The TOG paper was good, but this tech report had more interesting details ;-)

-john

From: prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk (Martin Preston)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In <C5sCGu.1LL@mentor.cc.purdue.edu> ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:

>I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
>My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
>infinitely easier to write than to read,...

Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.

Martin

--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Martin Preston,      (m.preston@manchester.ac.uk)    | Computer Graphics |
|Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, |    is just        |
|University of Manchester,                            |  a load of balls. |
|Manchester, U.K., M13 9PL     Phone : 061 275 6095   |                   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Subject: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?


I am in the market for a 24-bit graphics card for a PC (ISA bus), and
was wondering if anyone had any comments (good? bad? otherwise?) regarding
the Diamond Stealth 24?  

Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....
From: dane@nermal.santarosa.edu (Dane Jasper)

Edward d Nobles (ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU) wrote:

: I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
: SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
: jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
..
: Just want to see the darn things in real color...

I have an ATI ultra pro card, and have found that the easiest way to view
true color images is using their windows drivers and something like winjpeg
or photofinish.  

If anyone has a non-windows solution, I'd love to hear it!

Dane

From: jroberts@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Robertson)
Subject: ATI GUP and Graphics Wkshop/Win

I have an ATI Graph. Ultra Pro VLB w/2 megs, and have a small question
about Graphics Workshop for Windows.  When I exit from it it says my
current driver can handle on 32768 colors when I am actually in 
1024x768x65000 color mode.  Is this a driver problem, a GWS error, or
what?  I am using the 1.5(59) driver under Win 3.1.  It correctly
states that I can display 16M colors when I switch to 800x600x24bit,
though.
Another question- Anybody know of any Viewers that support this card
other than Windows viewers?
Any help would be appreciated.


From: dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
>
>
>I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
>for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
>a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
>
>Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
>
>Thank you.
>
>Andre Boisvert
>beaver@rot.qc.ca
>
An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
and PhotoShop for Windows.  David


-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>
Subject: Targa format-->text file

  Does anyone know how to convert a targa or similar 24 bit picture into a list
 of R G B values and then convert back to targa after doing operations on the p
ixels R G B codes.
ex.  Targa ---->000100255pixel 1
001200201pixel 2etc....
If no one can help me with this could someone explain how the 24 bit data is st
ored in the targa file and also how its stored in the 8 bit targas.   Thanks

From: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Robert Lipman)
Subject: Call for presentations: Navy SciViz/VR seminar

**********************************************************************

		      2ND CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS
	
      NAVY SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION AND VIRTUAL REALITY SEMINAR

			Tuesday, June 22, 1993

	    Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center
	      (formerly the David Taylor Research Center)

			  Bethesda, Maryland

**********************************************************************

SPONSOR: NESS (Navy Engineering Software System) is sponsoring a 
one-day Navy Scientific Visualization and Virtual Reality Seminar.  
The purpose of the seminar is to present and exchange information for
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality programs, 
research, developments, and applications.

PRESENTATIONS: Presentations are solicited on all aspects of 
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality.  All 
current work, works-in-progress, and proposed work by Navy 
organizations will be considered.  Four types of presentations are 
available.

     1. Regular presentation: 20-30 minutes in length
     2. Short presentation: 10 minutes in length
     3. Video presentation: a stand-alone videotape (author need not 
	attend the seminar)
     4. Scientific visualization or virtual reality demonstration (BYOH)

Accepted presentations will not be published in any proceedings, 
however, viewgraphs and other materials will be reproduced for 
seminar attendees.

ABSTRACTS: Authors should submit a one page abstract and/or videotape to:

     Robert Lipman
     Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division
     Code 2042
     Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000

     VOICE (301) 227-3618;  FAX (301) 227-5753  
     E-MAIL  lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil

Authors should include the type of presentation, their affiliations, 
addresses, telephone and FAX numbers, and addresses.  Multi-author 
papers should designate one point of contact.

**********************************************************************
DEADLINES: The abstact submission deadline is April 30, 1993.  
Notification of acceptance will be sent by May 14, 1993.  
Materials for reproduction must be received by June 1, 1993.
**********************************************************************

For further information, contact Robert Lipman at the above address.

**********************************************************************

	  PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS WIDELY AS POSSIBLE, THANKS.

**********************************************************************


Robert Lipman                     | Internet: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil
David Taylor Model Basin - CDNSWC |       or: lip@ocean.dt.navy.mil
Computational Signatures and      | Voicenet: (301) 227-3618
   Structures Group, Code 2042    | Factsnet: (301) 227-5753
Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000    | Phishnet: stockings@long.legs
				   
The sixth sick shiek's sixth sheep's sick.


From: fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu (David Fox)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

   Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
   doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
   this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
   different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
   a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
   for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
   Just curious.

I disagree.  You could learn the same amount by reading all the
split groups, and it would make things easier for those of us
who are less omnivorous.  There is no "waste" in creating news
groups -- its just a bit of shuffling about.  I have no problem
with only a few posts per week per group - I spend too much time
on this as it is.

-david

From: peterbak@microsoft.com (Peter Bako)
Subject: JPEG file format?


Where could I find a description of the JPG file format?  Specifically
I need to know where in a JPG file I can find the height and width of 
the image, and perhaps even the number of colors being used.

Any suggestions?

Peter

-- 
(*)-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-\/-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+(*)
(   UUCP:         peterbak@microsoft  ||   Is this all that I am?  Is there   )
(   CompuServe:   71170,1426          ||   nothing more?    - V'ger           )
(*)-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-/\-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+(*)

From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <John_Shepardson.esh-210493100336@moose.slac.stanford.edu> John_Shepardson.esh@qmail.slac.stanford.edu (John Shepardson) writes:
>> Can you please offer some recommendations? (3d graphics)
>
>
>There has been a fantastic 3d programmers package for some years that has
>been little advertised, and apparently nobody knows about, called 3d
>Graphic Tools written by Mark Owen of Micro System Options in Seattle WA. 
>I reviewed it a year or so ago and was really awed by it's capabilities. 
>It also includes tons of code for many aspects of Mac programming
>(including offscreen graphics).  It does Zbuffering, 24 bit graphics, has a
>database for representing graphical objects, and more.
>It is very well written (MPW C, Think C, and HyperCard) and the code is
>highly reusable.  Last time I checked the price was around $150 - WELL
>worth it.
>
>Their # is (206) 868-5418.

  I've talked with Mark and he faxed some literature, though it wasn't very helpful-
  just a list of routine names: _BSplineSurface, _DrawString3D... 241 names.
  There was a Product Info sheet that explained some of the package capabilities.
  I also found a review in April/May '92 MacTutor.

  It does look like a good package. The current price is $295 US.


From: lusardi@cs.buffalo.edu (Christopher Lusardi)
Subject: Looking for Mr. radon

Does anyone have a radon transform in C that they could 
send me?

				Any help accepted,
-- 
|  .-,                ###|For a lot of .au music: ftp sounds.sdsu.edu
| /   /   __  ,  _    ###|then cat file.au > /dev/audio
| \_>/ >_/ (_/\_/<>_     |UB library catalog:telnet bison.acsu.buffalo.edu
|_                14261 _|(When in doubt ask: xarchie, xgopher, or xwais.)

From: markl@hunan.rastek.com (Mark Larsen)
Subject: Re: Ray tracer for ms-dos?

In article <1r1cqiINNje8@srvr1.engin.umich.edu> tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>
>Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
>free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
>them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)
>
>Thanks in advance
>
>Daemon

There are 2 books published by M&T BOOKS that come with C source code on
floppies.  They are:

Programming In 3 Dimensions, 3-D Graphics, Ray Traycing, and Animation
by: Christopher D. Watkins and Larry Sharp.

Photorealism and Ray Tracing in C
by: Christopher D. Watkins, Stephen B. Coy, and Mark Finlay.

I have the first book and it is a great intro to 3-D, Ray Tracing and
Animation.  Most of the programs are on the disk compiled and ready to run.

I have only glanced at the second book but it also appears to be good.

Hope this helps!
Mark Larsen

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
markl@hunan.rastek.com

"This R2 unit has a bad motivator!"
   - Luke, Star Wars

From: phew@gu.uwa.edu.au (Patrick Hew)
Subject: Re: Color pict of spinning Earth

ESTOP07@CONRAD.APPSTATE.EDU (*ACS) writes:

>Sorry if this is the wrong place to post this

>	I was crusing the net earlier this year and came upon something called 
>Color pict of spinning earth.  I am assuming it is a animation sequence of the 
>earth's rotation (or revolution I always get those mixed up).  At the time I 
>found it my sysem would not even support color graphics so I didn't bother to 
>get the pict.  Now I have a fairly nice system and cant find the pict again!
>If anyone can help please post here or E-mail me 
>Thanks in advance
>Eric (Estop07@conrad.appstate.edu)

Likewise for me please. First time I've hear of it, but I've beem looking
for something like this for the past few months.

Patrick Hew
2nd Year Science/ Engineering
University of Western Australia
phew@tartarus.uwa.edu.au
phew@mackerel.gu.uwa.edu.au


Subject: Cornerstone DualPage driver wanted
From: tkelder@ebc.ee (Tonis Kelder)



I am looking for a WINDOW 3.1 driver  for 
     Cornerstone  DualPage (Cornerstone Technology, Inc) 
video card. Does  anybody know, that has these?  Is there one?

Thanks for any info,

To~nis
-- 
To~nis Kelder    Estonian Biocentre     (tkelder@kask.ebc.ee)


From: jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu (Mitch)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split


In article <FOX.93Apr22002043@graphics.nyu.edu>, fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu (David Fox) writes:
|>
|>   Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|>   doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|>   this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|>   different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|>   a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|>   for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|>   Just curious.
|>
|>I disagree.  You could learn the same amount by reading all the
|>split groups, and it would make things easier for those of us
|>who are less omnivorous.  There is no "waste" in creating news
|>groups -- its just a bit of shuffling about.  I have no problem
|>with only a few posts per week per group - I spend too much time
|>on this as it is.
|>

Yes, but... shouldn't size of newsgroup be an issue?  Sorry if this
has been covered before, but comp.grahpics.animation get how much 
traffic per day?  50 articles?  Maybe 70 on an extremely heavy day?
I've been following this group for about four months now, and I don't
recall ever seeing such a flood of posts that a split would be warranted.

Just my 2 cents,

Mitch------------------------------------>jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu
"Who doth render with 386sx-20 knoweth frustration."

From: rued@daimi.aau.dk (Thomas Rued J|rgensen)
Subject: Re: .SCF files, help needed

tlc@cx5.com writes:

>Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display  
>these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf  
>files.

RIX's files with the extension  .sci and .scf are just a RAW file with
a 256 color palette.
The first 10 bytes is a kind of header, with the name RIX among 7bytes unknown stuff. The you have 768 bytes of palette info (3*256 for the colors RGB)
and then you have the picture in raw format.
If you dont know how to make a viewer of of this description you can get VPIC
it is able to read the files!

regards
Thomas 

From: hans@cs.kuleuven.ac.be (Hans Baele)
Subject: conversion of pic format files to HPGL files

Hello,

Can anybody help me with the conversion of pic format files
to HPGL files. The question is as follows:

Is it possible to convert files that have been generated in the
pic preprocessor format into HPGL format, suitable for sending
to a plotter. The hardware involved is IBM RISC/6000 running AIX
3.2.3. How should this be done and what software is involved,
where is it available, what does it cost, what are the problems?

Regards,

Dani

--------------------------------
Cimad Consultants
Antwerp, Belgium
dani@cimad.be
--------------------------------

From: haston@utkvx.utk.edu (Haston, Donald Wayne)
Subject: Hijaak

I have heard some impressive things about Hijakk (for Windows).
Currently, I use a shareware program called Graphics Workshop.
What kinds of things will Hijaak do that these shareware programs
will not do?

What has been your experience with Hijaak? Are there other programs
that are better? Please email me, if you can help:

Wayne Haston
HASTON@UTKVX.UTK.EDU

Thanks!



From: wlm@wisdom.attmail.com (Bill Myers)
Subject: Re: graphics libraries


> Does anyone out there have any experience with Figaro+ form TGS or
> HOOPS from Ithaca Software?  I would appreciate any comments.

Yes, I do.  A couple of years ago, I did a comparison of the two
products.  Some of this may have changed, but here goes.

As far as a PHIGS+ implementation, Figaro+ is fine.  But, its PHIGS!
Personally, I hate PHIGS because I find it is too low level.  I also
dislike structure editing, which I find impossible, but enough about
PHIGS.

I have found HOOPS to be a system that is full-featured and easy to
use.  They support all of their rendering methods in software when
there is no hardware support, their documentation is good, and they
are easily portable to other systems.

I would be happy to elaborate further if you have more specific
questions. 
--
|------------------------------------------------------|
    ~~~       Here's lookin' at ya.
  ~~_ _~~
  |`O-@'|     Bill  |  wlm@wisdom.attmail.com
 @|  >  |@    Phone: (216) 831-2880 x2002
  |\___/|
  |_____|
|______________________________________________________|

From: scott@fcs280s.ncifcrf.gov (Michael Scott)
Subject: Canon copier-printer/postscript questions.


Printer model and specification:

Canon CLC 500 (Color Laser Copier)
ps-ipu unit (postscript intelligent processing unit)


Hello,

We have recently purchased a very expensive and nice color copier/printer. 
We want to be able to print to it from our SGI iris network.  The 
copier/printer has both a parallel and SCSI interface.  I have configured the
printer with the "lp" system using the parallel interface and can print 
postscript files to the printer.  I can also print rgb files, but these are in 
turn converted to postscript by an internal filter.  The Canon CLC 500 is a 
publication quality printer but the quality of our postscript printouts 
are less than acceptable.  We create the postscript files with a variaty of 
programs, such as showcase, xv, and tops.  When we convert to postscript 
with tops and use the -l option to specify the halftone screen density of 98 
rather than the default 40 the output is better, but still much less that 
acceptable.  Note, that we are starting with a screen image in rgb image format
and translating the image into postscript.

We suspect that if we could use the SCSI interface we would get higher quality 
pictures.  We have not purchased the software that drives the printer from the 
SCSI port.  To my knowledge this software is $5000 and does not come with a 
warranty.  The management here does not want to spend this much money without 
some assurance that the product will work.


Here my questions:

If anybody on the net uses this printer are you using the SCSI or 
parallel port?  What is the quality of the printouts?

Is there a way to create high quality postscript printouts?  What is the
limiting component, the postscript language or the postscript interpretor on 
the printer?
 
The Big question:

Where can I get some software to drive the SCSI port for this printer?



Please email directly to me, I don't not read news on a regular basis. 
I will post a summary.

Thanks in advance.

-- 
	E-mail:		scott@ncifcrf.gov ,Phone #:	(301) 846-5798
        Title:  	Sr. Systems Manager/Analyst

From: cgschot@cs.ruu.nl (Gerco Schot)
Subject: Ray Tracing Pictures


For those who are interested in Ray Traced pictures, there is a nice example
on alt.binaries.pictures.misc. The file is called Poolball.gif. It shows a
pooltable with... YES! ... poolballs!
Resolution: 1024x768,  colours: 256 (only).
The TGA (24 bit) version is also available, but a bit big (2.4Mb) to post.
The picture is created with POV-ray.




Enjoy!


_Gerco_
__cgschot@cs.ruu.nl__


-- 
 ___________________________________
/                                   \
\___________________________________/
/_ Gerco Schot (cgschot@cs.ruu.nl) _\

From: td@alice.att.com (Tom Duff)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:
> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?
Forty-two is six times nine.

From: ds@aris.nswc.navy.mil (Demetrios Sapounas)
Subject: 3D display software



   I have the need for displaying 2 1/2 D surfaces under X, using only
Xlib, Xt and Xm.  Does anyone know of a package, available on internet,
which will be able to do the work?

   I am looking for a STAND-ALONE package providing similar functions
to "xprism3" available with Khoros, but without the numerous libraries
required for it.  I want to be able to recompile it and run it on
various platforms, from SGIs to i486s (UNIX).

   Any help will be appreciated.


=======================================================================
Demetrios Sapounas                         Tel        +1 (703) 663.8332
L 115, NSWC                                Fax        +1 (703) 663.1939
Dahlgren, VA 22448-5000, USA               email  ds@aris.nswc.navy.mil
=======================================================================

From: e-sink@uiuc.edu (Eric W. Sink)
Subject: Re: Looking for WMF Converter

buck@HQ.Ileaf.COM (David Buchholz x3252) writes:

>I'm looking for any leads to the source of a good Windows
>Meta File converter or interpreter. I need this for use
>outside the Windows environment. PD sources preferred, but
>not a requirement. Please reply to the address below.

On a related topic, I have been searching (with no success)
for a specification of the Enhanced Metafile format.  I have
the original WMF format (Graphics File Formats, Levine et al),
but no info on the 32 bit version.

Any pointers ?

-- 
Eric W. Sink, Spyglass        | "In all the earth, only humans have the ability
1800 Woodfield Drive          |    to be content in bad situations...
Savoy, IL  61826              |    and vice-versa."
---- e-sink@uiuc.edu ---------|---------- 217-355-6000 -----------------------

From: mark@ocsmd.ocs.com (Mark Wilson)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Mark A. Cartwright (markc@emx.utexas.edu) wrote:
: Well,
: 
: 42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
: answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
: That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.
: 
: Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
But it WAS discovered (sort of).  The question was "What is 7 times 8?"
When Arthur Dent objected that this was, unfortunately, factually
inaccurate, the effort to discover the question was begun all over.
This last effort was, I believe, likely to take far longer than
the lifespan of the universe, in fact several lifespans of same!
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Wilson, Online Computer Systems.  1-800-922-9204 or 1-301-601-2215
(Try email address mark@ocsmd.ocs.com....)
This file .disclaims everything signed with my .signature, I .mean it!
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Florian Bockamp)
Subject: WANTED: Matrox PG-1281 CV driver





Hi!

I need a Windows 3.1 driver for the Matrox PG-1281 CV
SVGA card. 
At the moment Windows runs only in the 640x480 mode.
If you have a driver for this card, please send it 
with the OEMSETUP.INF to 

bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE

Thanks!

-- 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Florian Bockamp                                  '''            |
| bockamp@informatik.tu-muenchen.de               (o o)           |
+---------------------------------------------oOO--( )--OOo-------+
|                                                   -             |
|         "It's not a bug, it's an undocumented feature!"         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

From: jack@robotics.jpl.nasa.gov (Jack Morrison)
Subject: Fixed-point math library

Has anyone written or seen a C library or C++ class for fixed-point math,
or good articles about same?

I pretty much know how to do this, but I have a few other wheels to invent
at the moment...

Thanks!
---
"How am I typing? Call 1-818-354-7782"               jack@robotics.jpl.nasa.gov
Jack Morrison/Jet Propulsion Lab/MS107-102 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena CA 91109


From: ch381@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (James K. Black)
Subject: NEEDED: algorithms for 2-d & 3-d object recognition


Hi,
         I have a friend who is working on 2-d and 3-d object recognition. He is looking
for references describing algorithms on the following subject areas:

Thresholding
Edge Segmentation
Marr-Hildreth
Sobel Operator
Chain Codes
Thinning - Skeletonising

If anybody is willing to post an algorithm that they have implemented which demonstrates
any of the above topics, it would be much appreciated.

Please post all replies to my e-mail address. If requested I will post a summary to the
newsgroup in a couple of weeks.


Thanks in advance for all replies

James
eb192@city.ac.uk

From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Hijaak

Haston, Donald Wayne (haston@utkvx.utk.edu) wrote:
: Currently, I use a shareware program called Graphics Workshop.
: What kinds of things will Hijaak do that these shareware programs
: will not do?

I also use Graphic Workshop and the only differences that I know of are that
Hijaak has screen capture capabilities and acn convert to/from a couple of
more file formats (don't know specifically which one).  In the April 13
issue of PC Magazine they test the twelve best selling image capture/convert
utilities, including Hijaak.

TMC.
(tmc@spartan.ac.brocku.ca)



From: wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael)
Subject: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

Hello,

    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac.

    I have not been able to find any, and would appreciate any
    information about such products you could provide.

    I would be particularly interested in software that runs on HP or
    Sun workstations, and does not require special add-in hardware, but
    would also be interested in other solutions.


Thank You.
Wayne
-- 
Wayne Michael
wdm@world.std.com

From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <prestonm.735400848@cs.man.ac.uk> prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk (Martin  
Preston) writes:
> Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
> good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.

I certainly do use it whenever I have to do TIFF, and it usually works
very well.  That's not my point.  I'm >philosophically< opposed to it
because of its complexity.

This complexity has led to some programs' poor TIFF writers making
some very bizarre files, other programs' inability to load TIFF
images (though they'll save them, of course), and a general
inability to interchange images between different environments
despite the fact they all think they understand TIFF.

As the saying goes, "It's not me I'm worried about- it's all the
>other<  assholes out there!"  I've had big trouble with misuse and
abuse of TIFF over the years, and I chalk it all up to the immense (and
unnecessary) complexity of the format.

In the words of the TIFF 5.0 spec, Appendix G, page G-1 (capitalized
emphasis mine):

"The only problem with this sort of success is that TIFF was designed
to be powerful and flexible, at the expense of simplicity.  It takes a
fair amount of effort to handle all the options currently defined in
this specification (PROBABLY NO APPLICATION DOES A COMPLETE JOB),
and that is currently the only way you can be >sure< that you will be
able to import any TIFF image, since there are so many
image-generating applications out there now."


If a program (or worse all applications) can't read >every< TIFF
image, that means there are some it won't- some that I might have to
deal with.  Why would I want my images to be trapped in that format?  I
don't and neither should anyone who agrees with my reasoning- not
that anyone does, of course! :-)

ab

Subject: Marching Cubs
From: abild@bert.cs.byu.edu

 Hello,

Hello,

     I was wondering if anyone knew of a PC or MAC
implementation of the marching cubes algorithm that will output
the individual faces.  If there is no such application, might there
be some C source code that I could modify to implement the
algorithm and get to the individual faces.

Thanks in advance
Sincerly

Tracy

+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Tracy J. Abildskov                 | Phone:  (801) 378-3407        |
|                                    | FAX:    (801) 378-7862        |
| Address : Brigham Young University |                               |
|           Department of Psychology | E-mail: abild@bert.cs.byu.edu |
|           Provo, UT 84602          |                               |
|           USA                      |                               |
+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+


From: chert@dungeon.cirr.com (Chert Pellett)
Subject: Epson (HPGL) 4 pen plotter W/340 Pens $500 / B.O.

Greetings,
    I have an Epson HI-80 4 pen plotter forsale.  It emulates an HP 7570
or 7574 - I'm not sure which.  It has an option board on it that does
the emulation.  It has a serial interface with Hardware handshake. I
also have 340 Pens for it as follows:  10 packs of 4 Black Oil based, 16
packs of 4 Red,Green, Blue, and Black pens, 22 packs of 4 Aqueous Black,
7 packs of 4 Aqueous R,G,Blue,Black,  1 pack of 6 Aqueous Multi color
pens,  and 114 assorted non-packaged pens mostly colored.

    The plotter is used.  I have tested it using the Windows drivers for
HP 7570 and HP 7574 and both worked fine.  It accepts either A or B
sized paper. (8.5 x 11 or 11x17).

    I figure that the plotter is worth about $300 and the pens are worth at
least another $200 more..  One thing is certain, you won't need to
purchase any pens for quite a while...  All of the packaged pens were
sealed so they are all still fresh.  The rest were capped and seem to
function as well.

    I'd be willing to sell the pens seperate if anyone is interested in
just them.

    I'm selling it because I got a HP LaserJet and I don't need color.

    I'd like $350 or best offer...

    -Chert
-- 
Chert Pellett - chert@dungeon.cirr.com || chert@dungeon.lonestar.org
PANIC: The cat is nibbling on the power cord!

From: crussell@netcom.com (Chris Russell)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Mark Wilson (mark@ocsmd.ocs.com) wrote:
: Mark A. Cartwright (markc@emx.utexas.edu) wrote:
: : 42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
: : answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
: : Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...
: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
: But it WAS discovered (sort of).  The question was "What is 7 times 8?"

[ Read on and there's a special prize at the bottom.  Amaze your friends
and gain respect from your peers that you can carry on so long about the
number 42. ]

The original question was "What is the meaning of Life, the Universe, and
and Everything."  The answer generated by Deep Thought (the 2nd largest
computer ever created) was 42.  Deep Thought realized that to understand
the answer, one must really know what the question is.  Unfortunately, he
didn't.  But he was able to help build the largest computer (named Earth)
which could figure out the real question.  (I know this is background
knowledge for everyone here... just bear with me a sec... :)

When Arthur pulled the scrabble tiles out of the bag, he spelled out
"What is nine times six?" (or the like).  However, it is not clear that
the monkey-man had the right question in his brain, especially since it
was that lady in the diner (which was vaporized moments later) that came
up with the answer to how everyone could get along.  On the other hand,
Marvin said he saw the answer in Dent's brain, so lets presume it's 
correct.

Well, NINE TIMES SIX ***IS*** FORTY-TWO!!!  ...in base 13.

Chew on that for awhile... :)

--
Chris Russell            Custom software, networks, CASE tools, and consulting
Adaptive Solutions       Sun SPARC, SGI IRIS, HP Apollo, Macintosh, & PC

Internet:  crussell@netcom.com
GTE:       909/861-4048
U.S. Mail: P.O. Box 5424
           Diamond Bar, CA 91675-7424

From: rytg7@fel.tno.nl (Q. van Rijt)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

There is another useful method based on Least Sqyares Estimation of the sphere equation parameters.

The points (x,y,z) on a spherical surface with radius R and center (a,b,c) can be written as 

   (x-a)^2 + (y-b)^2 + (z-c)^2 = R^2

This equation can be rewritten into the following form:  

   2ax + 2by + 2cz + R^2 - a^2 - b^2 -c^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2

Approximate the left hand part by   F(x,y,z) = p1.x + p2.x + p3.z + p4.1

For all datapoints, i.c. 4, determine the 4 parameters p1..p4 which minimise the average error |F(x,y,z) - x^2 - y^2 - z^2|^2.

In 'Numerical Recipes in C' can be found algorithms to solve these parameters.

The best fitting sphere will have 
- center (a,b,c) = (p1/2, p2/2, p3/2)
- radius R = sqrt(p4 + a.a + b.b + c.c).

So, at last, will this solve you sphere estination problem, at least for the most situations I think ?.

Quick van Rijt, rytg7@fel.tno.nl




From: cs60805@basin04.cacs.usl.edu (Rao Koganti Srinivasa)
Subject: POLYGON FILL routine needed ....



    Hi ,


	I am looking for a polygon fill routine to fill 
	simple 4 sided polygons .

	Can some one who has this routine in C help me in 
	saving my "REINVENTING" time.

	Thanx in advance .....




	Rao.


From: mikec@sail.LABS.TEK.COM (Micheal Cranford)
Subject: Disney Animation

------------------------------------

  Can anyone tell me anything about the Disney Animation software package?
Note the followup line (this is not for me but for a colleague).


From: kmembry@viamar.UUCP (Kirk Membry)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

Read Issue #2 of Wired Magazine.  It has a long article on the "hype" of
3DO.  I've noticed that every article talks with the designers and how
"great" it is, but never show any pictures of the output (or at least
pictures that one can understand)


-- 
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Kirk Membry                                    "Our Age is the Age of Industry"
rutgers!viamar!kmembry                         - Alexander Rodchenko
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

From: doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons)
Subject: Re: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

FOMBARON marc (fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr) wrote:
: Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
: Thank you for helping


No.  As I recall, the only differences are in the 3ds.set parameters - some
of the defaults have changed slightly.  I'll look when I get home and let
you know, but there isn't enough to actually warrant upgrading.

douginoz

From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Ray Knight (rknight@stiatl.salestech.com) wrote:
:uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams) writes:

:>re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
:>Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
:>CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
:>the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
:>didrectory?


:  Actually the most flexible way to create temp files is to check for a TEMP or
: TMP environment variable and create the files on the drive and directory pointedto by the variable.  This is pretty much a standard for DOS, Windows and OS/2
: applications.

Unfortunately, cview does not pay attention to the temp environment variable.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com


From: davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com (David J. Ray)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

Martin Preston (prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk) wrote:
: In <C5sCGu.1LL@mentor.cc.purdue.edu> ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
: 
: >I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
: >My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
: >infinitely easier to write than to read,...
: 
: Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
: good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.
: 
: Martin
: 
What is the name of this PD C library for TIFF.  I'd like to get a copy of it,
but I can't Archie for something I don't have the filename for.

Thanks.

From: tonyo@pendragon.CNA.TEK.COM (Tony Ozrelic)
Subject: Need info on cc:Mail file format

I need the file format for cc:Mail file formats - it seems to be PCX-based,
but with a twist: only the first page of a multi-page fax will come out
readable. The other pages disappear. The format seems to be 'proprietary'.

Anybody got any clues? I have to give my email FAXes to my secretary in
order to get 'em unscrambled. I want a filter from cc:Mail to .p[nb]m.

Come to think of it, p[nb]m to cc:Mail would be nice too.

tonyo@master.CNA.TEK.COM




From: morley@suncad.camosun.bc.ca (Mark Morley)
Subject: Medical Images via Gopher?

A few days back someone posted info on a gopher site where you could
search for medical graphics, etc.  Could someone please repost or mail me
a copy?  I'd greatly appreciate it.  Thanks!

Mark

===================================================================
 Mark Morley, UNIX/SUN Manager           NET: morley@camosun.bc.ca
 Camosun College - Interurban Campus     TEL: (604) 370-4601
 4461 Interurban Road  Room 143-Tech     FAX: (604) 370-3660
 Victoria, B.C.  Canada   V8X 3X1

From: seth@north6.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: morphing


Keywords: 

I am looking for some morphing programs for DEC's or pc's. I looked for a program
called dmorph using archie but could not find it. I found a progrmam call
morpho but it only did grayscale images. Does anyone know where I should look?

From: raymaker@bcm.tmc.edu (Mark Raymaker)
Subject: graphics driver standards

I have a researcher who collecting electical impulses from
the human heart through a complex Analog to Digital system
he has designed and inputting this information into his EISA
bus HP Vectra Computer running DOS and the Phar Lap DOS extender. 

He want to purchase a very high-performance video card for
3-D modeling. He is aware of a company called Matrox but
he is concerned about getting married to a company and their
video routine library. He would hope some more flexibility:
to choose between several card manufacturers with a standard
video driver. He would like to write more generic code- 
code that could be easily moved to other cards or computer operating
systems in the future. Is there any hope?
Any information would be greatly appreciated-
Please, if possible, respond directly to internet mail 
to raymaker@bcm.tmc.edu

Thanks




From: xrcjd@mudpuppy.gsfc.nasa.gov (Charles J. Divine)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

In article <1r3lf9$fu0@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu> Mark A. Cartwright <markc@emx.utexas.edu> writes:
>Well,
>
>42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
>answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
>That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.
>
>Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...

But the Question was later revealed to be:  What is 9 x 6?  (In the
base 13 system, of course.)


-- 
Chuck Divine

From: eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler)
Subject: 3D Animation Station


	I am looking for some information about 3D animation stations that
are currently on the market.  The price of the station can be from 5K-20K, 
but no more than $20,000.00.  Type of workstation doesnt matter (PC, MAC, 
SGI etc..) .  If you use or have bought/looked at one or can suggest your
dream machine, then please mail me your configurations.  I need the following.

	1. Type of station (PC, MAC etc.. )
	2. Expandibilty of the machine.
	3. Software that can run on it
	4. VTR Controller and/or VTR deck model/name.
	5. Vendors names and numbers.

Thanks in advance.

					Ken Eyler
					eylerken@u.washington.edu
					The Evergreen State College

Subject: XLib and 24 Bit Displays [Info Needed]	
From: sl0pr@riverdale.enet.dec.com (869883 Thakkar Rahul Chandrakant)

Hi,

My name is rahul and I am doing MS at USU, Logan
My query is:
	I have a HP workstation: HP Series 400 with X running on it.
I have a true color - 24bit color monitor connected to this machine.
Normally I have the capability to display 256 colors from a max of
16.7 million. Since the monitor is True Color I can see 16.7
million at a time. 
Que: do we have a facility in X(c-function call) that will enable me
to specify any RGB combination and see it on screen? I am using
XStoreColor to set the pallette of a max of 256 colors.
Que: If not. Is there any way I can display a true color image
on a true color monitor using XLib function calls?

We are generating ray traced images and 256 colors are indeed a
painful limit. besides I need the facility to display the true color images 
i will be generating on a true color system WITHOUT color 
quantification.
Please, if anyone can help i'd be obliged

Rahul
sl0pr@cc.usu.edu

From: joshuaf@yang.earlham.edu
Subject: TIFF -> Anything?!

Are there any TIFF to anything programs out there for the IBM?
Our scanner works into TIFF, and I can view it on CSHOW 8.1, but 
all of my other programs read errors.  Are there any basic Tiff to 
JPEG, GIF, PCX, BMP, etc...?

Thanks for the time...Email or post acceptable.
Joshuaf

"That Geiger scan looks like dookie!"
"I know it's a TIFF!!!!"

From: kruzifix@netcom.com (Living On The Edge......)
Subject: IMAGINE for PC??

Is Impulse shipping IMAGINE for the PC386/486?  How close is it to the
Amiga's IMAGINE 2.0, in terms of features?

=============================================================================
  Roland Chia                   |    >>> Air-Cooled >>>                     
  EMAIL:kruzifix@netcom.com     |             >>> Free-Falling >>>           
  VOICE:(209)447-9403           |                      >>> Carbon Unit >>>  
=============================================================================

From: shmuel@mapsut.einstein.com (Shmuel Einstein)
Subject: Screen capture -> CYMK converter

I have a small program to extract a 640x480 image from a vga 16 color screen,
and store that image in a TIFF file.  I need to insert the image into a
sales brochure, which I then need printed in 4 color.  On a mac, I would
use Photoshop to separate the image into 5 EPS files, and then pull it into
quark express, then get it printed to film on a lintronix at a service bureau.

However, I don't have a mac, but I do have windows.  What would I need to 
do this type of operation in the windows 3.1 environment?  Are there any
separation programs available on the net?  Is there a good page layout program
that I should look into?

Thanks in advance.


-- 
Shmuel Einstein, shmuel@einstein.com
Shmuel Einstein & Associates, Inc.
9100 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 235 E
Beverly Hills, CA  90212
310/273-8971 FAX 310/273-8872

From: hwstock@snll-arpagw.llnl.gov (stockman harlan w)
Subject: hp2xx for DOS


Is there a precompiled version of hp2xx for DOS out there - prefereably
for 386/486?

From: ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
|> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
|> 
|> I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.
|> 
|> There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
|> (After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
|> setting to static - else the client core-dumped)
|> 
|> Steve
|> -- 
|> 
|>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
|> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
|> | Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
|> | Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
|> | Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
|> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
|>          (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer
I built it on a rs6000 (my only Motif machine) works fine.  I added some objects
into dogfight so I could get used to flying.  This was very easy. 
All in all Cool!.  
Brian

From: gmt@beach.cis.ufl.edu (Gary McTaggart)
Subject: 3d Animation Studio file format??

Is the ".3ds" file format for Autodesk's 3D Animation Studio available?

Thanks,
Gary

(Please respond by email.  I have a hell of a time keeping up with news!!
:-) )

From: kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au (Kai Howells)
Subject: Re: Ray tracer for ms-dos?

In article <1r1cqiINNje8@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>,
tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) wrote:
> 
> 
> Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
> free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
> them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)
> 
> Thanks in advance
> 
> Daemon

PPPPP    OOOOO  V     V  Persistance Of Vision Raytracer.
P    P  O     O V     V
P    P  O     O V     V
PPPPP   O     O V     V
P       O     O  V   V
P       O     O   V V
P        OOOOO     V

Available on archie and wuarchive in graphics type directories.

PS It's freeware.

--

      _/_/_/                         
    _/                                        Kai Howells.
   _/         _/_/_/   _/ _/_/   _/  _/_/_/  kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au
    _/_/    _/     _/ _/_/   _/ _/ _/       35 Mortimer Ave
       _/  _/     _/ _/     _/ _/ _/       New Town TAS 7008
      _/  _/     _/ _/     _/ _/ _/       Ph. Within Australia 002 286 110
_/_/_/     _/_/_/  _/     _/ _/   _/_/_/  Elsewhere:        +61 02 286 110

From: schwartz@ils.nwu.edu (diane schwartz)
Subject: SIGKids Research Showcase Call

		SIGKIDS CALL FOR PARTICIPATION
SIGKids Research Showcase is where learning is hip.  Pushing the edge in
education, computer graphics, and new technologies, the SIGKids Research
Showcase will provide SIGGRAPH's attendees with the latest in applying
computer technology to form state of the art educational experiences.  So
hop to it!  Submit any works which converge the disciplines of education
and computer technology.

Possible categories and domains include but are NOT LIMITED to:

-Interactive/stand-alone applications
-Self-Run demonstrations and tutorials
-Museum Installations
-Groupware/Collaborative systems
-Hypermedia
-Virtual Reality
-Scientific Visualization
-Interactive Art
-Microworlds

Deadlines:

May 21, 1993 submissions due  


Submit to:

Diane Schwartz
SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKids Committee
c/o The Institute for the Learning Sciences
1890 Maple Avenue, Suite 150
Evanston, Illinois 60201
Fax:	708.491.5258
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

Electronic Submission Form:
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

How to Submit:
1. Fill out the 'Permission to Use' form (see page 19 of the SIGGRAPH '93
Call for Participation or send email to schwartz@ils.nwu.edu to have one
faxed to you.)

2. Fill out the SIGKids '93 Research Showcase Submission Form (below).

3. Send an abstract/description of the submission (approximately 100 words)
in one of the following ways:

    A. Send 3 hard copies to Diane Schwartz (via surface mail) at the above
       address
							                    OR
    B. Fax 1 copy to Diane Schwartz at (708)491-5258
                           OR
    C. Email 1 copy to Diane Schwartz at schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

4. If it is necessary to explain the project, additional support material
such as videotapes and slides that will assist the selection committee in
reaching a decision are highly reccommended. 

Fax and email submissions are acceptable.

PLEASE SEND ALL OF YOUR SUBMISSION MATERIAL IN THE SAME FORM (either
surface mail, email, or fax. The only exception to this should be the
additional support material which should only be sent via surface mail). 

NOTE: Due to our very limited budget, if the submitter chooses to have a
dedicated machine for their work, they will have to pay rental fees
for the hardware personally.

NOTE: Contributors outside for the United States should be aware of customs
and carrier delays and send submissions early.

______________________________________cut
here__________________________________

         ACM SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKIDS RESEARCH SHOWCASE ENTRY FORM


A copy of this form must accompany each proposal you submit.  Send SIGKids
Research Showcase Entries to:

Diane Schwartz
SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKids Committee
c/o The Institute for the Learning Sciences
1890 Maple Avenue, Suite 150
Evanston, Illinois 60201
Fax:	708.491.5258
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

Please print legibly.

Contact Information: 
Name________________________________________________

Company______________________________________________

Address______________________________________________

City_________________________________________________

State_____________Postal code______________Country_________________ 

Daytime phone_____________________Evening phone____________________

Fax_____________________________Email______________________________

Additional Information:

Title or Theme of Piece__________________________________ 

Participant(s') name(s)___________________________________

Collaborator(s') name(s)__________________________________ 

Hardware (platform and periferals):

1. What is
needed:_____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2. Supplied by Participant:

		___ Yes  ___ No

	3. Dedicated machine?

		___ Yes  ___ No

NOTE:  Due to our very limited budget the participant must pay the rental
fees for any dedicated hardware.

___Need assistance
(specify)____________________________________________________ 

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________


Software________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Statement - Please tell us the significance of the work.
(less than 50 words)
________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Medium:

___Other (describe - i.e. virtual reality, virtual sculpture, interactive
multimedia installation,
etc.)__________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________


Special Requirements:

Physical
description____________________________________________________________ 

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Power___________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Dimensions______________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Other__________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Authorization

Permission to use visual and audio:  In the event that materials used in my
ACM SIGGRAPH'93 SIGKids Research Showcase Entry contain the work of other
individuals or organizations (including any copyrighted musical
compositions or excerpts thereof), I understand that it is my
responsibility to secure any necessary permissions and/or liscenses.  

	___Yes ___No  My piece contains images, audio, or video components.
               If yes:
	              ___Yes ___No  I have the necessary rights and/or permissions
to
                             use the images, audio, or video components in
my
                             piece.

Conference presentation release:  By signing this form, I grant SIGGRAPH'93
permission to consider my piece for the SIGKids Research Showcase.  I
maintain the copyright to my work and will receive full credit wherever
this work is used.

Conference promotional material:  I grant ACM SIGGRAPH the right to use my
slides for conference and organization publicity, both now and in the
future.  This includes usage on posters, brochures, catalogs, promotional
items, or media broadcast. In exchange, SIGGRAPH provides full
author/artist credit information on all promotional material.

___Yes ___No  I grant ACM SIGGRAPH permission to use slides of my work
              for conference and organization publicity.

Signature______________________________________Date_________

ACM SIGGRAPH makes every attempt to respect and protect intellectual 
property rights of people and organizations preparing material for 
SIGGRAPH conferences. This entry form explains the uses SIGGRAPH will 
make of the material and requires you to acknowledge that you have 
permission to use this material.  This may involve seeking clearance from 
your employer or from others who have loaned you material, such as 
videotapes and slides.  This form helps prevent situations whereby 
SIGGRAPH'93 presentations include material without permission that 
might lead to complaints or even legal action.

This form also asks you to grant SIGGRAPH the right to distribute your
work, while you maintain the copyright.  Slide sets and catalogs are
publications for which you grant SIGGRAPH nonexclusive worldwide
distribution rights.  SIGGRAPH marks each item in these publications with a
proper copyright notice, which informs viewers that these items may not be
copied, reproduced, broadcast, or used for commercial purposes without the
explicit permission of the indivicual copyright owners.  In addition, this
form asks if  ACM SIGGRAPH may  use the your materials for conference and
organizational promotional material in exchange for full author/artist
credit information.

From: omar@godzilla.osf.org (Mark Marino)
Subject: WANTED: Playmation Info

Hi Folks,

   Does anyone have a copy of Playmation they'd be willing to sell me.  I'd 
love to try it out, but not for the retail $$$.  If you have moved onto 
something bigger (3DS) or better (Imagine), I'd love to buy your table scraps.

   If noone is selling, can anyone recommend a place to buy Playmation 
mail-order for cheap?  

   Thanks in advance,

   Mark



-- 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
|                                                                             |
| Mark Marino              | omar@osf.org           |  uunet!osf!omar         |
| Open Software Foundation | 11 Cambridge Center    |  Cambridge, MA 02142    |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|

From: fsmarc@tristero.lerc.nasa.gov (Marc Cooper)
Subject: Re: Marching Cubs


I saw this subject and all I could think of was a parade at Wrigley Field
in Chicago.

Or maybe it's just me. 

:)


-- 
Marc Cooper - Graphics Programmer - Sverdrup Tech.| "As a child, I WAS an 
fsmarc@lerc.nasa.gov                              |       imaginary playmate."
NASA Lewis Research Center  MS 5-11               |                        
21000 Brookpark Dr.                               | Tom Robbins
Cleveland, OH  44135               (216) 433-8898 | Even Cowgirls Get the Blues
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Disclaimer:  "It's mine! All mine!"  -D. Duck

Subject: POV file constructor for Unix/X11
From: Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (chumphre)


Hi, I'm just getting into PoVRay and I was wondering if there is a graphic
package that outputs .POV files.  Any help would be appreciated.
Thanks.

Later'ish
Craig

-- 
    |\/\/\/\/\/| 
    | ___  ___ |         "I didn't do it, nobody saw me do it, 
    |/   \/   \|             you can't prove anything."
_ccc_c_#_|__#_ccc_c_____chumphre@comp.vuw.ac.nz_______________________________

From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: Re: more on radiosity

amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann) writes:

>In article 66319@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU, xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao) writes:
>>
>>
>>In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
>>|>
>>|>
>>|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
>>|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
>>|> I finished it.
>>|>
>>|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
>>|> to finish it.

Please note that there are some radiosity packages in my Resource Listing
(under the Subject 3: FTP list)

Greetings,
Nick.
--
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

USENET Editor of comp.graphics Resource Listing and soc.culture.greece FAQ
NTUA/UA ACM Student Chapter Chair - we're organizing a small conference
        in Comp. Graphics, call if you're interested to participate.
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

From: deweeset@ptolemy2.rdrc.rpi.edu (Thomas E. DeWeese)
Subject: Finding equally spaced points on a sphere.


  Hello, I know that this has been discussed before.  But at the time
I didn't need to teselate a sphere.  So if any kind soul has the code
or the alg, that was finally decided upon as the best (as I recall it
was a nice, iterative subdivision meathod), I would be very 
appreciative.
							Thomas DeWeese
deweeset@rdrc.rpi.edu

From: Gordon_Sumerling@itd.dsto.gov.au (Gordon Sumerling)
Subject: Re: Grayscale Printer

Have you considered the Apple Laserwriter IIg. We use it for all our B&W
image printing.

From: newmme@helios.tn.cornell.edu (Mark E. J. Newman)
Subject: HELP: advice on what video system to buy

If this question is covered elsewhere, I apologize, but I need information
fast.

My department has been given a large sum of money to install a video system
on our network of IBM RS6000 workstations.  This is not an area in which I
have any expertise, so I wonder if anyone out there can offer advice.  We
would like a system, based either on VHS or 8mm video which will allow one 
write video, frame by frame on tape for play-back in real time.  It's for
visualization of physics problems.  Can anyone tell me what hardware is
available which would work for our system?  Some support software is
obviously needed too, but nothing particularly sophisticated, since the
software we actually use for the visualization is all already written.

Please email with replies, as I don't read this group.  Many thanks for your
help.

Dr. M. E. J. Newman.
Department of Physics,
Cornell University.
newmme@helios.tn.cornell.edu



From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

There is a program called Graphic Workshop you can FTP from
wuarchive.  The file is in the msdos/graphics directory and
is called "grfwk61t.zip."  This program should od everthing
you need.

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


From: weilej@cary115.its.rpi.edu (Jason Lee Weiler)
Subject: Re: Sun IPX root window display - background picture

In article <1993Apr19.220817.22480@osi.com>, scott@osi.com (Scott Fleming) writes:
|> 
|> Hello netters!
|>  
|> I have a fairly weak question to ask everybody in netland.  I've looked though
|> the last FAQ for comp.graphics but I didn't find my answer.  Thus the post.
|>  
|> I'll keep it short.
|>  
|> QUESTION:  How do I display any raster files, gif files, iff or tiff images
|> that I have on my "root window" or background?  I have a sun ipc, openwindows
|> 3.0, Sun OS 4.1.3 if that helps any.
|>  
|> I've compiled POV for the sun and would like to display some of the work I have
|> done as a background/tile.  Thanks for any help or information that you
|> provide.  Have a good day.
|>  
|> Scott Fleming
|> OSI
|>  
|> P.S.
|> Kudo's to the people who provided POV, its great!
|> 

Scott,
	I'm not so sure if this is helpful, but I usually use XV v2.21.  I use Sun IPCs and IPXs, and it works fine.  It can display in a good number of ways.(root being one of them)  It's also possible to have XV put up a background automatically at login.  Hope this helps.

Jason Weiler
<weilej@rpi.edu>

BTW  XV v2.21 is on anonymous FTP somewhere. (archie fer it!)

From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

renner@adobe.com (John Renner) writes:

> In article <19930420.090030.915@almaden.ibm.com> capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Ca
> >In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
> >>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
> >>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
> >
> >See:
> >   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
> >   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
> >   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.
> 
> I've used that reference, and found that I needed to go to their
> original tech report:
> 
> 	Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
> 	"Characterizing Cubic Bezier Curves"
> 	Xerox  EDL-88-8, December 1988
> 

First, thanks to all who replied to my original question.

I've implemented the ideas from the article above and I'm very satisfied
with the results. I needed it for my bezier curve approximation routine.
In some cases (generating offset curves) loops can occur. I now have a
fast method of detecting the generation of a curve with a loop. Although
I did not follow the article above strictly. The check if the fourth control
point lies in the the loop area, which is bounded by two parabolas and
one ellips is too complicated. Instead I enlarged the loop-area and
surrounded it by for straight lines. The check is now simple and fast and
my approximation routine never ever outputs self-intersecting bezier curves
again!
Ferdinand.


From: ryanph@mrl.dsto.gov.au
Subject: DREGISTERe: XV for MS-DOS

Pascal Perret, in article <1993Apr21.125750.263@eicn.etna.ch>, wrote
> 
> 	Site	: omnigate.clarkson.edu
> 	Aliases	: grape.ecs.clarkson.edu
> 	Number	: 128.153.4.2
> 
> 	/pub/msdos/djgpp/pub
> 
> 	it's xv221.zip (?) I think...
> Certainly you read the other answer from Kevin Martin... He write about DV/X 
> (?). 
> 
>     What is it ?????? Could Someone answer ????

Funny thing, the InterNet: I have no idea what xv221 might be - except that it
might be something to do with X-windows on PCs (? If you know, and have used
it, and think that it is good, email me. [ryanph@mrl.dsto.gov.au]).

DV/X is a common abbreviation for QuarterDeck corporation's Desqview/X
software.

I have not used DV/X yet, but reading the blurbs that Quarterdeck sent me, it
sounds pretty great:
	* allows multiple DOS machines - the way that OS/2 does, but without
requiring 10 MB of RAM to get OS/2 going
	* pre-emptive multi-tasking
	* network computing - a proper X-windows client/server application -
this means that DOS program can be used on other X-windows computers on your
network, and that X-windows programs can be used on your DV/X computer
	* although it is NOT a version of Unix, it effectively has many of
Unix's features, and mostly you will be able to compile unix-type programs
using the djgpp or gnu c compilers

They advertise regularly in all of the major computing and programming
magazines. They also have InterNet support online (support@qdeck.com).

> *  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *

Hope that this helps anyone wanting to know.

Phil Ryan
Melbourne, australia


Subject: Re: Looking for Tseng VESA drivers
From: t890449@patan.fi.upm.es ()

Hi, this is my first msg to the Net (actually the 3rd copy of it, dam*ed VI!!).

  Look for the new VPIC6.0, it comes with updated VESA 1.2 drivers for almost every known card. The VESA level is 1.2, and my Tseng4000 24-bit has a nice affair with the driver. 

  Hope it is useful!!


							Bye



From: eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu (John Peter Kondis)
Subject: I need to make my VGA do shades.

I have a routine that changes the color (RGB) attributes on my
VGA adapter, but it doesn't work in the mode that I need.  
Specifically 68 hex.  An obscure mode, of course, but I need to
change the zillions of colors to 64 shade greyscale, but I do
not have the correct memory address for the pointer I need.

PLEASE, someone, I need the starting address, or maybe somewhere 
I can find it.  Thank you.

John Kondis
eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu


From: aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <1993Apr22.011720.28958@midway.uchicago.edu>, dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley) writes:
|> In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
|> >
|> >
|> >I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
|> >for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
|> >a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
|> >
|> >Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
|> >
|> >Thank you.
|> >
|> >Andre Boisvert
|> >beaver@rot.qc.ca
|> >
|> An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
|> World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
|> than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
|> and PhotoShop for Windows.  David
|> 

I don't know about that...I've used Photoshop 2.5 on both a 486dx-50 and a Quadra
950...I'd say they are roughly equal.  If anything the 486 was faster.

Both systems were running in 24 bit color and had the same amount of RAM (16 megs)
I also believe the quadra had one of those photoshop accelerators.

From: aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar)
Subject: Re: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

In article <1993Apr22.021708.13381@hparc0.aus.hp.com>, doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons) writes:
|> FOMBARON marc (fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr) wrote:
|> : Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
|> : Thank you for helping
|> 
|> 
|> No.  As I recall, the only differences are in the 3ds.set parameters - some
|> of the defaults have changed slightly.  I'll look when I get home and let
|> you know, but there isn't enough to actually warrant upgrading.
|> 
|> douginoz

Wrong...the major improvements for 2.01 and 2.01a are in the use of IPAS routines
for 3d studio.  They have increased in speed anywhere from 30-200% depending
on which ones you use.

All the Yost group IPAS routines that you can buy separate from the 3d studio
package require the use of 2.01 or 2.01a.  They are too slow with 2.00.

From: richter@fossi.hab-weimar.de (Axel Richter)
Subject: True Color Display in POV


Hallo POV-Renderers !
I've got a BocaX3 Card. Now I try to get POV displaying True Colors
while rendering. I've tried most of the options and UNIVESA-Driver
but what happens isn't correct.
Can anybody help me ?

From: inu530n@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au (I Rachmat)
Subject: Fractal compression

Hi... can anybody give me book or reference title to give me a start at 
fractal image compression technique. Helps will be appreciated... thanx

inu530n@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au
inu530n@aurora.cc.monash.edu.au


From: h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk (Abel)
Subject: Developable Surface

Hi netters,

	I am currently doing some investigations on "Developable Surface".
Can anyone familiar with this topic give me some information or sources
which can allow me to find some infomation of developable surface?
	Thanks for your help!

Abel
h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk

From: sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543))
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

In article <1r6v3a$rj2@fg1.plk.af.mil>, ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout) writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
|> |> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
|> |> 
|> |> I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.
|> |> 
|> |> There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
|> |> (After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
|> |> setting to static - else the client core-dumped)
|> |> 
|> |> Steve
|> |> -- 
|> |> 
|> |>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
|> |> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
|> |> | Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
|> |> | Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
|> |> | Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
|> |> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
|> |>          (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer
|> I built it on a rs6000 (my only Motif machine) works fine.  I added some objects
|> into dogfight so I could get used to flying.  This was very easy. 
|> All in all Cool!.  
|> Brian

The RS6000 compiler is so forgiving, I think that if you mixed COBOL & pascal
the C compiler still wouldn't complain. :-)

Steve
-- 

         Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
| Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
| Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
| Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
         (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer


From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Alias phone number wanted

What is the phone number for Alias?
A toll-free number is preferred, if available.

Thanks

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog


In article <1993Apr19.171704.2147@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE> (comp.graphics.gnuplot,comp.graphics), rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube) writes:
>In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
>|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
>|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
>|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
>|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
>|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
>|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
>|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
>|> 				Nishantha
Have you checked out Adobe Illustrator? There are a few Unix versions
for it available, depending on your platform. I know of two Unix versions:
One for Mach (NeXT) and for Irix (SGI). There may be others, such
as for Sun SparcStation, but I don't know for sure.

ttyl,

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

I've been trying to figure out a way to get Adobe Illustrator
to auto-trace >exactly< what I see on my screen. But it misses
the edges of templates by as many as 6 pixels or more - resulting in images
that are useless  - I need exact tracing, not approximate.

I've tried adjusting the freehand tolerances as well as autotrace
tolerances but it doesn't help. Any suggestions?

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

From: lm001@rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE (Erwin H. Keeve)
Subject: Marchin Cubes



Hi there,

is there anybody who know a polygon_reduction algorithm for
marching cube surfaces. e.g. the algirithm of Schroeder,
Siggraph'92.

For any hints, hugs and kisses.

- Erwin

                                                 ,,,
                                                (o o)
 ___________________________________________oOO__(-)__OOo_____________
|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|_|
|_|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|
|                               |                                     |
| Erwin Keeve                   | adress:  Peter-Welter-Platz 2       |
|                               |          W-5000 Cologne 1, Germany  |
|                               |                                     |
| Dept. of Computergraphics &   | phone:   +49-221-20189-132 (-192)   |
|          Computeranimation    | FAX:     +49-221-20189-17           |
|                               |                                     |
| Academy of Media Arts Cologne | Email:   keeve@khm.uni-koeln.de     |
|_______________________________|_____________________________________|


From: u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (jih-shin ho)
Subject: disp135 [0/7]



I have posted disp135.zip to alt.binaries.pictures.utilities


******   You may distribute this program freely for non-commercial use
         if no fee is gained.
******   There is no warranty. The author is not responsible for any
         damage caused by this program.


Important changes since version 1.30:
    Fix bugs in file management system (file displaying).
    Improve file management system (more user-friendly).
    Fix bug in XPM version 3 reading.
    Fix bugs in TARGA reading/writng.
    Fix bug in GEM/IMG reading.
    Add support for PCX and GEM/IMG writing.
    Auto-skip macbinary header.


(1) Introduction:
  This program can let you READ, WRITE and DISPLAY images with different
  formats. It also let you do some special effects(ROTATION, DITHERING ....)
  on image. Its main purpose is to let you convert image among different
  formts.
  Include simple file management system.
  Support 'slide show'.
  There is NO LIMIT on image size.
  Currently this program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.
  If you want to use HiColor or TrueColor, you must have VESA driver.
  If you want to modify video driver, please read section (8).


(2) Hardware Requirement:
  PC 386 or better. MSDOS 3.3 or higher.
  min amount of ram is 4M bytes(Maybe less memory will also work).
  (I recommend min 8M bytes for better performance).
  Hard disk for swapping(virtual memory).

  The following description is borrowed from DJGPP.

  Supported Wares:

  * Up to 128M of extended memory (expanded under VCPI)
  * Up to 128M of disk space used for swapping
  * SuperVGA 256-color mode up to 1024x768
  * 80387
  * XMS & VDISK memory allocation strategies
  * VCPI programs, such as QEMM, DESQview, and 386MAX

  Unsupported:

  * DPMI
  * Microsoft Windows

  Features: 80387 emulator, 32-bit unix-ish environment, flat memory
  model, SVGA graphics.


(3) Installation:
  Video drivers, emu387 and go32.exe are borrowed from DJGPP.
  (If you use Western Digital VGA chips, read readme.wd)
  (This GO32.EXE is a modified version for vesa and is COMPLETELY compatible
   with original version)
+  *** But some people report that this go32.exe is not compatible with
+      other DJGPP programs in their system. If you encounter this problem,
+      DON'T put go32.exe within search path.

  *** Please read runme.bat for how to run this program.

  If you choose xxxxx.grn as video driver, add 'nc 256' to environment
    GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grn nc 256

  If you don't have 80x87, add 'emu x:/xxxxx/emu387' to environment GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grd emu x:/xxxxx/emu387

  **** Notes: 1. I only test tr8900.grn, et4000.grn and vesa.grn.
                 Other drivers are not tested.
              2. I have modified et4000.grn to support 8, 15, 16, 24 bits
                 display. You don't need to use vesa driver.
                 If et4000.grn doesn't work, please try vesa.grn.
              3. For those who want to use HiColor or TrueColor display,
                 please use vesa.grn(except et4000 users).
                 You can find vesa BIOS driver from :
                   wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/graphics
                   godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au: /kjb/MGL


(4) Command Line Switch:

+   Usage : display [-d|--display initial_display_type]
+                   [-s|--sort sort_method]
+                   [-h|-?]

    Display type: 8(SVGA,default), 15, 16(HiColor), 24(TrueColor)
+   Sort method: 'name', 'ext'


(5) Function Key:

    F2 : Change disk drive

+   CTRL-A -- CTRL-Z : change disk drive.

    F3 : Change filename mask (See match.doc)

    F4 : Change parameters

    F5 : Some effects on picture, eg. flip, rotate ....

    F7 : Make Directory

    t : Tag file

    + : Tag group files (See match.doc)

    T : Tag all files

    u : Untag file

    - : Untag group files (See match.doc)

    U : Untag all files

    Ins : Change display type (8,15,16,24) in 'read' & 'screen' menu.

    F6,m,M : Move file(s)

    F8,d,D : Delete file(s)

    r,R : Rename file

    c,C : Copy File(s)

    z,Z : Display first 10 bytes in Ascii, Hex and Dec modes.

+   f,F : Display disk free space.

    Page Up/Down : Move one page

    TAB : Change processing target.

    Arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down: Scroll image.
      Home: Left Most.
      End: Right Most.
      Page Up: Top Most.
      Page Down: Bottom Most.
      in 'screen' & 'effect' menu :
        Left,Right arrow: Change display type(8, 15, 16, 24 bits)

    s,S : Slide Show. ESCAPE to terminate.

    ALT-X : Quit program without prompting.

+   ALT-A : Reread directory.

    Escape : Abort function and return.


(6) Support Format:

  Read: GIF(.gif), Japan MAG(.mag), Japan PIC(.pic), Sun Raster(.ras),
        Jpeg(.jpg), XBM(.xbm), Utah RLE(.rle), PBM(.pbm), PGM(.pgm),
        PPM(.ppm), PM(.pm), PCX(.pcx), Japan MKI(.mki), Tiff(.tif),
        Targa(.tga), XPM(.xpm), Mac Paint(.mac), GEM/IMG(.img),
        IFF/ILBM(.lbm), Window BMP(.bmp), QRT ray tracing(.qrt),
        Mac PICT(.pct), VIS(.vis), PDS(.pds), VIKING(.vik), VICAR(.vic),
        FITS(.fit), Usenix FACE(.fac).

        the extensions in () are standard extensions.

  Write: GIF, Sun Raster, Jpeg, XBM, PBM, PGM, PPM, PM, Tiff, Targa,
         XPM, Mac Paint, Ascii, Laser Jet, IFF/ILBM, Window BMP,
+        Mac PICT, VIS, FITS, FACE, PCX, GEM/IMG.

  All Read/Write support full color(8 bits), grey scale, b/w dither,
      and 24 bits image, if allowed for that format.


(7) Detail:

   Initialization:
      Set default display type to highest display type.
      Find allowable screen resolution(for .grn video driver only).

   1. When you run this program, you will enter 'read' menu. Whthin this
      menu you can press any function key except F5. If you move or copy
      files, you will enter 'write' menu. the 'write' menu is much like
      'read' menu, but only allow you to change directory.
+       The header line in 'read' menu includes "(d:xx,f:xx,t:xx)".
+         d : display type. f: number of files. t: number of tagged files.
      pressing SPACE in 'read' menu will let you select which format to use
        for reading current file.
      pressing RETURN in 'read' menu will let you reading current file. This
        program will automatically determine which format this file is.
        The procedure is: First, check magic number. If fail, check
        standard extension. Still fail, report error.
      pressing s or S in 'read' menu will do 'Slide Show'.
        If delay time is 0, program will wait until you hit a key
          (except ESCAPE).
        If any error occurs, program will make a beep.
        ESCAPE to terminate.
      pressing Ins in 'read' menu will change display type.
      pressing ALT-X in 'read' menu will quit program without prompting.

   2. Once image file is successfully read, you will enter 'screen' menu.
      Within this menu F5 is turn on. You can do special effect on image.
      pressing RETURN: show image.
        in graphic mode, press RETURN, SPACE or ESCAPE to return to text
        mode.
      pressing TAB: change processing target. This program allows you to do
        special effects on 8-bit or 24-bit image.
      pressing Left,Right arrow: change display type. 8, 15, 16, 24 bits.
      pressing SPACE: save current image to file.
        B/W Dither: save as black/white image(1 bit).
        Grey Scale: save as grey image(8 bits).
        Full Color: save as color image(8 bits).
        True Color: save as 24-bit image.

        This program will ask you some questions if you want to write image
        to file. Some questions are format-dependent. Finally This program
        will prompt you a filename. If you want to save file under another
        directory other than current directory, please press SPACE. after
        pressing SPACE, you will enter 'write2' menu. You can change
        directory to what you want. Then,

        pressing SPACE: this program will prompt you 'original' filename.
        pressing RETURN: this program will prompt you 'selected' filename
                      (filename under bar).


  3. This program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.

  4. This Program is MEMORY GREEDY. If you don't have enough memory,
     the performance is poor.

  5. If you want to save 8 bits image :
       try GIF then TIFF(LZW) then TARGA then Sun Raster then BMP then ...

     If you want to save 24 bits image (lossless):
       try TIFF(LZW) or TARGA or ILBM or Sun Raster
       (No one is better for true 24bits image)

  6. I recommend Jpeg for storing 24 bits images, even 8 bits images.

  7. Not all subroutines are fully tested

  8. This document is not well written. If you have any PROBLEM, SUGGESTION,
     COMMENT about this program,
     Please send to u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (140.113.11.13).
     I need your suggestion to improve this program.
     (There is NO anonymous ftp on this site)


(8) Tech. information:
  Program (user interface and some subroutines) written by Jih-Shin Ho.
  Some subroutines are borrowed from XV(2.21) and PBMPLUS(dec 91).
  Tiff(V3.2) and Jpeg(V4) reading/writing are through public domain
    libraries.
  Compiled with DJGPP.
  You can get whole DJGPP package from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
    For example, wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/djgpp


(9) For Thoese who want to modify video driver:
   1. get GRX source code from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
   2. For HiColor and TrueColor:
        15 bits : # of colors is set to 32768.
        16 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc010.
        24 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc018.


Acknowledgment:
  I would like to thank the authors of XV and PBMPLUS for their permission
    to let me use their subroutines.
  Also I will thank the authors who write Tiff and Jpeg libraries.
  Thank DJ. Without DJGPP I can't do any thing on PC.


                                            Jih-Shin Ho
                                   u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw

From: schmidt@PrakInf.TH-Ilmenau.DE (Schmidt)
Subject: Re: POV file constructor for Unix/X11

In article <1r7hl1$csc@st-james.comp.vuw.ac.nz>, Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (chumphre) writes:
|> 
|> Hi, I'm just getting into PoVRay and I was wondering if there is a graphic
|> package that outputs .POV files.  Any help would be appreciated.
|> Thanks.
|> 

A very good modeling package I found is `irit' (look for irit.tar.Z).
However there is no converter from it's format to POV format. I postet 
a request for such a converter in this group but got no response,
so I'm considering to write such a program myself.


-- 
Sebastian Schmidt			
TU Ilmenau Institut f. praktische Informatik 


From: tp892275@vine.canberra.edu.au (C. Mierzanowski)
Subject: Which Video Card? (Please HELP)


I've got a 386 20Hz computer which is under warranty and my Trident
8900C video card is starting to play-up (surprise, surprise). Therefore
I'm going to try to exchange it for a better card.

The BIG Question is:

Which video card is high quality and with an
acceptable price tag (on student budget) ???

	Thank you in advance.



From: bernard@cs.su.oz.au (Bernard Gardner)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

For some reason I never saw the original post on this thread, but if you are
looking for fast polygon routines on vga on a PC, you really can't go past
the mode X stuff from Dr Dobbs. This code is all p.domain (as far as I know),
and in the original articles, the routines were all presented as dumb vga
routines, and then optimised to modeX with some interesting discussion along
the way.
If you are interested, I could find out more details of the issues in question,
(I have them at home).

Bernard.

From: ger@cv.ruu.nl (Ger Timmens)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog

In <0010580B.vma7o9@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:


>In article <1993Apr19.171704.2147@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE> (comp.graphics.gnuplot,comp.graphics), rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube) writes:
>>In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
>>|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
>>|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
>>|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
>>|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
>>|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
>>|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
>>|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
>>|> 				Nishantha
>Have you checked out Adobe Illustrator? There are a few Unix versions
>for it available, depending on your platform. I know of two Unix versions:
>One for Mach (NeXT) and for Irix (SGI). There may be others, such
>as for Sun SparcStation, but I don't know for sure.

You can include postscript epsi files in xfig (encapsulated postscript
info files). You can't actually edit the postscript file, but you're able
to draw over the postscript file.

There a eps to epsi converter: eps2epsi (perl program),

Succes,
-- 
Ger Timmens (ger@cv.ruu.nl) 3DCV Research Group, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Tel.: +31 -30 50 67 11;      Room: F.01.7.03;      Fax.: +31 -30 51 33 99
  Unquestionably, there is progress.  The average American now pays out
  twice as much in taxes as he formerly got in wages. --- H. L. Mencken

From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: Any good Morphing Anims...

==============================================================================
Has anyone created any interesting animations using Dmorph
I seem to be unable to create anything that looks remotely
realistic although this is probably due to the crappy GIF's
at I am using (One of Captain Kirk and One of Spock), i'm a
bit of a 'Trekker'.  What are the best type of pictures to use.
thanks........
            A.Situnayake

From: MCAVALCANTI%VORTEX.UFRGS.BR@UICVM.UIC.EDU
Subject: DTP

Please Ineed information about desk top publishe- post graduate courses
and if possible email address or normal mail.
thanks in advance

From: hintmatt@cwis.isu.edu (HINTZE_MATTHEW)
Subject: Re: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?

    I bought the diamond stealth 24 a few months ago.  it seems to be a
great card especially with my multimedia presentations.  It runs graphics
and animation as well as some near full motion video very well.  The only
thing I can tell that it lacks is speed above 256 colors.  Its qualit in
between 256 and 16.7 million collors un unreal but you definitly
compromise speed.  It seems to be a great card for graphics and it comes
with some great software, but Im not so sure about the excelerator
part.  I used to own a paridise and it doesnt seem to be much faster
than that.  One thing I do like is that it loads its own vesa driver
from ROM at startup, (I think) because I have never had to load it for
links386 or any other programs that require special VESA drivers at
startup. 



gromi a16pd


                                       HINTMATT@BA.BA.ISU.EDU



-- 




From: ldawes@uahcs2.cs.uah.edu (Lisa Dawes)
Subject: gif aerial maps?

Is there an ftp site for maps of the US.  Preferably aerial
photographs?

Thanks


From: jbalgley@bbn.com (Jon Balgley)
Subject: Hidden-line removal program

I'm posting this for a friend:

  I have an immediate need for a polygon-based hidden-line removal  
  program.  I can deal with any input/output format, but I need to be able  
  to do perspective views in any orientation and range.

  Is there a public-domain hidden-line program around?  It seems like  
  there should be, but I have not been able to locate one.

Email replies and I will summarize.
Thanks

From: louis@loa.citilille.fr (Louis Gonzalez 20-43-41-19)
Subject: SPHINX: Satellite Image Processing under X11


****************************   SPHINX   ***************************

	Sphinx is a user-friendly, state-of-the-art image processing
and analysis package that runs across a spectrum of high performance 
computer platforms operating UNIX and the X-Window System.

	It was created to meet to the daily research needs of scientists 
conducting climate investigations using satellite data and remote
sensing techniques. 

		   Intuitive Graphic Interface

	Sphinx features an interactive interface with pop-up menus and 
point-and-click dialog boxes which makes image processing and
analysis simple and fast.
	This accessible menuing enables you to build attractive image 
layouts quickly while also providing you the flexibility of returning
to the main menu to conduct other image analysis and processing operations.

		    Image Format Compatibility

	Using smart read/write functions, Sphinx allows you to easily open
and save image files in a variety of formats using bit, integer or real
data values.  Sphinx also reads and writes the common TIFF and GIF formats
as well as compresses and decompresses image formats to save disk space.

		    Image Analysis & Processing

	For image and pixel analysis, the Sphinx package includes an
assortment of processing tools that perform useful statistical and 
mathematical filtering operations, such as Fourier transforms, convolution 
product or principal component analyses.
An interactive interpreter for both algebraic equations and images allows
the user to manipulate and combine individual data channels interactively.
Standard FORTRAN notation is used for formula entry and for trig
onometric and transcendental functions.

		    Satellite Spectra & Orbit Analysis

	Sphinx possesses functions to simulate satellite signal sensitivity
for various meteorological satellites (e.g., GOES, METEOSAT, NOAA, Spot etc.).
The simulations are conducted for a selection of standard atmospheric and
surface conditions and instrument spectral bands.
A geometry model computes the solar zenith angles, warping, orbit simulation,
and 3-D image projection.

		    Easy External Program Interfacing

	Sphinx allows users the flexibility to integrate externally
developed software algorithms for processing and converting satellite
observations.  Sphinx exports and imports image files and image parameters
to external programs using special interface functions.

		    Quick Quality Presentation

	Sphinx rapidly displays, manipulates, and enhances high-resolution
multispectral images and color tables.  Using six 8-bit 1024x1024 image
planes and one graphics plane, the package conveniently combines color images,
graphics and text to generate sharp digital images for articles and reports.
Sphinx's 2-D and 3-D graphics editor provides complete flexibility for modifying
and integrating vector graphics and analysis plots with images, such as 
histograms and radial graphs.  The package supplies color and gray scale
output for standard inkjet and laser printers.
	Other Capabilities Sphinx also performs image animation, external 
graphics importing, mosaic fitting... what else?

		    Software Support & Development

	 Sphinx was developed at the Laboratoire d'Optique Atmospherique (LOA)
 of the Universite de Lille, France.
The package has received critical feedback and support from scientists at
the French national laboratory, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS),
and the French space agency, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES).
At LOA, Sphinx undergoes continued refinement and development to meet changing
research needs and advances in computer technology.  The package, which features
on-line help, is supported by an Internet address

 sphinx@loasil.citilille.fr through which questions can be answered and
 version updates provided without delay.

		    Performance Tested

 	CNES has selected Sphinx to analyze and process the satellite data 
collected during the upcoming ADEOS/POLDER satellite mission.  Today,
the Sphinx package is in use at the NASA - Goddard Space Flight Center
and is widely used in many French laboratories, including
the Centre de Recherche en Physique de l'Environnement, Ecole Normale Superieure ,
Laboratoire d' Etudes et de Recherches en Teledetection Spatiale,  Laboratoire 
de Meteorologie Dynamique.


   A TEST VERSION OF SPHINX IS AVAILABLE AT loasil.citilille.fr
   (134.206.50.4) anonymous (bin : cd SPHINX : get ALL_SPHINX.tar.Z)

   IN THE TEST VERSION THE OUTPUT FILES ARE DISABLE. HOWEVER THE
   VISUALISATION AND GRAPHIC FUNCTIONS ARE AVAILABLE. THIS IS
   SUFFICIENT TO WORK WITH.

   IF YOU ARE INTERESTED IN KEEPING "SPHINX", SEND US YOUR EMAIL
   AND YOU WILL RECEIVE NEWS ABOUT THE PACKAGE EVOLUTION.

   THE SOFTWARE IS CHANGING WITH USER SUGGESTIONS WE WILL
   APPRECIATE YOUR COMMENTS.



From: patrick@Erc.MsState.Edu (Patrick Bridges)
Subject: Re: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?

The real problem w/ the Stealth from what I've heard is that Diamond won't
tell anyone how to program their proprietary clock stuff, so X under Linux
and 386BSD won't run....


					Patrick Bridges
					patrick@erc.msstate.edu

From: dgf1@ellis.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <1r85m2$k66@agate.berkeley.edu> aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar) writes:
>In article <1993Apr22.011720.28958@midway.uchicago.edu>, dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley) writes:
>|> In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
>|> >
>|> >
>|> >I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
>|> >for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
>|> >a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
>|> >
>|> >Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
>|> >
>|> >Thank you.
>|> >
>|> >Andre Boisvert
>|> >beaver@rot.qc.ca
>|> >
>|> An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
>|> World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
>|> than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
>|> and PhotoShop for Windows.  David
>|> 
>
>I don't know about that...I've used Photoshop 2.5 on both a 486dx-50 and a Quadra
>950...I'd say they are roughly equal.  If anything the 486 was faster.
>
>Both systems were running in 24 bit color and had the same amount of RAM (16 megs)
>I also believe the quadra had one of those photoshop accelerators.

I went back and looked at the review again.  They claim there were
significant differences in manipulating a 27 meg test file, but with
smaller files, the two platforms were the about the same.  David

-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


From: dgf1@ellis.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:
>I've been trying to figure out a way to get Adobe Illustrator
>to auto-trace >exactly< what I see on my screen. But it misses
>the edges of templates by as many as 6 pixels or more - resulting in images
>that are useless  - I need exact tracing, not approximate.
>
>I've tried adjusting the freehand tolerances as well as autotrace
>tolerances but it doesn't help. Any suggestions?
>
>--
>charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
>cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
>+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

I've had exactly the same problems in Aldus Freehand.  I think autotracing
is one of those "features" that barely works, but everybody feels compelled
to throw it in because the other guys are doing it.  :)



-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


From: 8910782@sunvax.sun.ac.za
Subject: Rayshade query

Hi there

I am very interested in Rayshade 4.00. I have managed to make a chessboard
for Rayshade. Unfortunately I still have to do the knight (horse). Any ideas?
I am also looking for a surface for the chesspieces. The board is marble.
Unfortunately black won't work very well for the one side. Anybody with ideas
for nice surfaces?

I would also like to use the image command of rayshade and the heightfield
command. Unfortunately the manual is very vague about this, and I don't have
Craig Kolb's email address. Anybody with ideas, because this is essential
for my next venture into raytracing.

Where should I post the finished chessboard?

Is there anybody else using rayshade on non-Unix systems?

How fast does Unix render?

Thanks

Rayshade is the best program for people who loves graphics, but have no
artistic talent.
Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37261
From: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Robert Lipman)
Subject: CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS: Navy SciViz/VR Seminar


			CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS
	
      NAVY SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION AND VIRTUAL REALITY SEMINAR

			Tuesday, June 22, 1993

	    Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center
	      (formerly the David Taylor Research Center)
			  Bethesda, Maryland

SPONSOR: NESS (Navy Engineering Software System) is sponsoring a 
one-day Navy Scientific Visualization and Virtual Reality Seminar.  
The purpose of the seminar is to present and exchange information for
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality programs, 
research, developments, and applications.

PRESENTATIONS: Presentations are solicited on all aspects of 
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality.  All 
current work, works-in-progress, and proposed work by Navy 
organizations will be considered.  Four types of presentations are 
available.

     1. Regular presentation: 20-30 minutes in length
     2. Short presentation: 10 minutes in length
     3. Video presentation: a stand-alone videotape (author need not 
	attend the seminar)
     4. Scientific visualization or virtual reality demonstration (BYOH)

Accepted presentations will not be published in any proceedings, 
however, viewgraphs and other materials will be reproduced for 
seminar attendees.

ABSTRACTS: Authors should submit a one page abstract and/or videotape to:

     Robert Lipman
     Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division
     Code 2042
     Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000

     VOICE (301) 227-3618;  FAX (301) 227-5753  
     E-MAIL  lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil

Authors should include the type of presentation, their affiliations, 
addresses, telephone and FAX numbers, and addresses.  Multi-author 
papers should designate one point of contact.

DEADLINES: The abstact submission deadline is April 30, 1993.  
Notification of acceptance will be sent by May 14, 1993.  
Materials for reproduction must be received by June 1, 1993.

For further information, contact Robert Lipman at the above address.

	  PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS WIDELY AS POSSIBLE, THANKS.




Robert Lipman                     | Internet: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil
David Taylor Model Basin - CDNSWC |       or: lip@ocean.dt.navy.mil
Computational Signatures and      | Voicenet: (301) 227-3618
   Structures Group, Code 2042    | Factsnet: (301) 227-5753
Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000    | Phishnet: stockings@long.legs
				   
The sixth sick shiek's sixth sheep's sick.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37913
From: weston@ucssun1.sdsu.edu (weston t)
Subject: graphical representation of vector-valued functions

gnuplot, etc. make it easy to plot real valued functions of 2 variables
but I want to plot functions whose values are 2-vectors. I have been 
doing this by plotting arrays of arrows (complete with arrowheads) but
before going further, I thought I would ask whether someone has already
done the work. Any pointers??

thanx in advance


Tom Weston                    | USENET: weston@ucssun1.sdsu.edu
Department of Philosophy      | (619) 594-6218 (office)
San Diego State Univ.         | (619) 575-7477 (home)
San Diego, CA 92182-0303      | 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37914
From: rap@coconut.cis.ufl.edu (Ryan Porter)
Subject: Re: DMORPH

In article <1993Apr3.183303.6442@usl.edu> jna8182@ucs.usl.edu (Armstrong Jay N) writes:
>Can someone please tell me where I can ftp DTA or DMORPH?

DMorf (Dave's Morph, I think is what it means) and DTax (Dave's 
TGA Assembler) are available in the MSDOS_UPLOADS directory
on the wuarchive.

They are arjed and bundled with their respective xmemory versions,
dmorfx.exe and dtax.exe, you can also find a version of aaplay.exe
there, with which you can view files you create with dta.exe or
dtax.exe.

I downloaded the whole bunch last week and have been morphing 
away the afternoons since.  The programmes are all a bit buggy and
definitely not-ready-to-spread-to-the-masses, but they are very
well written. 

The interface is frustrating at first, but it gets easy once you
figure out the tricks.

I have noticed that dmorfx will crash horribly if you try to morph
without using the splines option.  Not sure why, since I don't have
the source.  I think it was written for TP 6.0.

If anyone else comes up with any other hints on getting the thing 
to work right, tell me; it took me several hours the first time
just to figure out that if I just used the durned splines then 
it would work...

>JNA
>jna8182@usl.edu

-Ryan
rap@cis.ufl.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37915
From: kph2q@onyx.cs.Virginia.EDU (Kenneth Hinckley)
Subject:   VOICE INPUT -- vendor information needed


Hello,
     I am looking to add voice input capability to a user interface I am
developing on an HP730 (UNIX) workstation.  I would greatly appreciate 
information anyone would care to offer about voice input systems that are 
easily accessible from the UNIX environment. 

     The names or adresses of applicable vendors, as well as any 
experiences you have had with specific systems, would be very helpful.

     Please respond via email; I will post a summary if there is 
sufficient interest.


Thanks,
Ken


P.S.  I have found several impressive systems for IBM PC's, but I would 
like to avoid the hassle of purchasing and maintaining a separate PC if 
at all possible.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ken Hinckley (kph2q@virginia.edu)
University of Virginia 
Neurosurgical Visualization Laboratory
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37916
From: joth@ersys.edmonton.ab.ca (Joe Tham)
Subject: Where can I find SIPP?

        I recently got a file describing a library of rendering routines 
called SIPP (SImple Polygon Processor).  Could anyone tell me where I can 
FTP the source code and which is the newest version around?
        Also, I've never used Renderman so I was wondering if Renderman 
is like SIPP?  ie. a library of rendering routines which one uses to make 
a program that creates the image...

                                        Thanks,  Joe Tham

--
Joe Tham              joth@ersys.edmonton.ab.ca 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37917
From: andrey@cco.caltech.edu (Andre T. Yew)
Subject: Re: 16 million vs 65 thousand colors

d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen) writes:

>1-4 bits per R/G/B gives horrible machbanding visible in almost any picture.

>5 bits per R/G/B (32768, 65000 colors) gives visible machbanding

>color-gradient picture has _almost_ no machbanding. This color-resolution is 

>see some small machbanding on the smooth color-gradient picture, but all in all,
>There _ARE_ situiations where you get visible mach-banding even in
>a 24 bit card. If
>you create a very smooth color gradient of dark-green-white-yellow
>or something and turn
>up the contrast on the monitor, you will probably see some mach-banding.

    While I don't mean to damn Henrik's attempt to be helpful here,
he's using a common misconception that should be corrected.

    Mach banding will occur for any image.  It is not the color
quantization you see when you don't have enough bits.  It is the
human eye's response to transitions or edges between intensities.
The result is that colors near the transistion look brighter on
the brighter side and darker on the darker side.

--Andre

-- 
             Andre Yew andrey@cco.caltech.edu (131.215.139.2)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37918
From: oehler@picard.cs.wisc.edu (Eric Oehler)
Subject: Translating TTTDDD to DXF or Swiv3D.

I am a Mac-user when it comes to graphics (that's what I own software and hardware for) and
I've recently come across a large number of TTTDDD format modeling databases.  Is there any
software, mac or unix, for translating those to something I could use, like DXF?  Please
reply via email.

Thanx.
Eric Oehler
oehler@picard.cs.wisc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37921
From: alex@talus.msk.su (Alex Kolesov)
Subject: Help on RenderMan language wanted!

Hello everybody !

If you are using PIXAR'S RenderMan 3D scene description language for creating 3D worlds, please, help me. 

I'm using RenderMan library on my NeXT but there is no documentation about NeXTSTEP version of RenderMan available. I can create very complicated scenes and render them using surface shaders, 
but I can not bring them to life by applying shadows and reflections.

As far as I understand I have to define environmental and shadows maps to produce reflections and shadows, but I do not know how to use them.

Any advises or simple RIB or C examples will be appreciated.
Thanks in advance...

---
Alex Kolesov                             Moscow, Russia.
Talus Imaging & Communications Corporation
e-mail: <alex@talus.msk.su> 		(NeXT mail accepted)  			   
.   

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37922
From: rowlands@pocomoco.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Jon Rowlands)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <1pp991$t63@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
writes:
>In article <1993Apr5.040819.14943@kpc.com> hollasch@kpc.com (Steve
>Hollasch) writes:
>>
>>    I think you're proposal would work to get an extra one, maybe two extra
>>bits of color resolution.  However, if you had a display that chould do only
>>zero or full intensity for each primary, I don't think you'd get great
>>equivalent 24-bit photographs.
>
>I have not suggested to do so; I wrote about problems, and the problem
>were clearly visible with 7 bit b&w images; not to mention 24 bit images.

[ description of experiment deleted ]

>If the 1 bit images are viewed quickly and in sync with screen,
>then 100 intensities could be better than we have -- I dunno.

[ more deleted ]

>In any case, getting black color with slow machines is problem.
>I could try it on our 8 bit screens but I don't know how to
>render pixels with X in constant time. I recall our double buffer
>has other image color and one b&w -- that doesn't help either.
>Maybe I should dump photos to screen with low level code; how?

A few years ago a friend and I took some 256 grey-level photos from
a 1 bit Mac Plus screen using this method. Displaying all 256 levels
synchronized to the 60Hz display took about 10 seconds. After
experimenting with different aperture settings and screen
brightnesses we found a range that worked well, giving respectable
contrast. The quality of the images was pretty good. There were no
visible contrast bands.

To minimize the exposure time the display program built 255
different 1 bit frames. The first contained a dot only for pixels
that had value 255, the second only for pixels that had value 254,
etc. These frames were stored using a sparse data structure that was
very fast to 'or' onto the screen in sequence. Creating these
frames sometimes took 5-10 minutes on that old Mac, but the camera
shutter was closed during that time anyway. And yes, we wrote
directly to the screen memory. Mea culpa.

Our biggest problem was that small images were displayed in the
top left corner of the screen instead of the center. It took
an extra week to have the film developed and printed, because the
processors took the trouble to manually move the all images into
the center of the print. Who'd have guessed?

regards,
Jon Rowlands

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37923
From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <C51C4r.BtG@csc.ti.com> rowlands@hc.ti.com (Jon Rowlands) writes:
>
>A few years ago a friend and I took some 256 grey-level photos from
>a 1 bit Mac Plus screen using this method. Displaying all 256 levels
>synchronized to the 60Hz display took about 10 seconds.

Why didn't you create 8 grey-level images, and display them for
1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128... time slices?

This requires the same total exposure time, and the same precision in
timing, but drastically reduces the image-preparation time, no?






-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37924
From: lex@optimla.aimla.com (Lex van Sonderen)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <h1p4s4g@zola.esd.sgi.com> erik@westworld.esd.sgi.com (Erik Fortune) writes:
>> better than CDI
>*Much* better than CDI.
Of course, I do not agree.  It does have more horsepower.  Horsepower is not
the only measurement for 'better'.  It does not have full motion, full screen
video yet.  Does it have CD-ROM XA?

>> starting in the 4 quarter of 1993
>The first 3DO "multiplayer" will be manufactured by panasonic and will be 
>available late this year.   A number of other manufacturers are reported to 
>have 3DO compatible boxes in the works.
Which other manufacturers?
We shall see about the date.

>All this information is third hand or so and worth what you paid for it:-).
This is second hand, but it still hard to look to the future ;-).

Lex van Sonderen
lex@aimla.com
Philips Interactive Media

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37925
From: teckjoo@iti.gov.sg (Chua Teck Joo)
Subject: Visuallib (3D graphics for Windows)


I am currently looking for a 3D graphics library that runs on MS
Windows 3.1.  Are there any such libraries out there other than
Visuallib?  (It must run on VGA and should not require any other
add-on graphics cards).

For Visuallib, will it run with Metaware High C compiler v3.0?  Any
email contact for the author of Visuallib?

Any help would be much appreciated.  Thanks.


-- 
* Chua, Teck Joo	    | Information Technology Institute *
* Email: teckjoo@iti.gov.sg | 71 Science Park Drive	       *
* Phone: (65) 772-0237 	    | Singapore (0511)		       *
* Fax:   (65) 779-1827      |			   	       *

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37926
From: cst@garfield.catt.ncsu.edu (Caroline Tsang)
Subject: Graphics Library Package

Hi all,

  I am looking for a recommandation on a good royalty free graphics
library package for C and C++ program.  This is mainly use to write
children games and education software.  I heard someone mentioned Genus
and also GFX ?  Are they any good?

Please pardon me if my question sounds a little strange, I am asking
this question for a friend.

Thanks in advance!

Caroline Tsang
<cst@garfield.catt.ncsu.edu>
  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37927
From: bprofane@netcom.com (Gert Niewahr)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <C51Eyz.4Ix@optimla.aimla.com> lex@optimla.aimla.com (Lex van Sonderen) writes:
>In article <h1p4s4g@zola.esd.sgi.com> erik@westworld.esd.sgi.com (Erik Fortune) writes:
>>> better than CDI
>>*Much* better than CDI.
>Of course, I do not agree.  It does have more horsepower.  Horsepower is not
>the only measurement for 'better'.  It does not have full motion, full screen
>video yet.  Does it have CD-ROM XA?
>
>>> starting in the 4 quarter of 1993
>>The first 3DO "multiplayer" will be manufactured by panasonic and will be 
>>available late this year.   A number of other manufacturers are reported to 
>>have 3DO compatible boxes in the works.
>Which other manufacturers?
>We shall see about the date.

A 3DO marketing rep. recently offered a Phillips marketing rep. a $100
bet that 3DO would have boxes on the market on schedule.  The Phillips
rep. declined the bet, probably because he knew that 3DO players are
already in pre-production manufacturing runs, 6 months before the
commercial release date.

By the time of commercial release, there will be other manufacturers of
3DO players announced and possibly already tooling up production.  Chip
sets will be in full production.  The number of software companies
designing titles for the box will be over 300.

How do I know this?  I was at a bar down the road from 3DO headquarters
last week.  Some folks were bullshitting a little too loudly about
company business.

>>All this information is third hand or so and worth what you paid for it:-).
>This is second hand, but it still hard to look to the future ;-).
>
>Lex van Sonderen
>lex@aimla.com
>Philips Interactive Media
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

 What an impartial source!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37928
From: hl7204@eehp22 (H L)
Subject: Re: Graphics Library Package

  


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37929
From: steveq@DIALix.oz.au (Steve Quartly)
Subject: WANTED: SIRD Alogorythmn

Hi,

I'm interested in writing a program to generate a SIRD picture, you know
the stereogram where you cross your eyes and the picture becomes 3D.

Does anyone have one or know where I can get one?

Please e-mail to steveq@sndcrft.DIALix.oz.au with any replies.

Many thanks for your help.

Steve Q.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37930
From: ari@tahko.lpr.carel.fi (Ari Suutari)
Subject: Any graphics packages available for AIX ?


	Does anybody know if there are any good 2d-graphics packages
	available for IBM RS/6000 & AIX ? I'm looking for something
	like DEC's GKS or Hewlett-Packards Starbase, both of which
	have reasonably good support for different output devices
	like plotters, terminals, X etc.

	I have tried also xgks from X11 distribution and IBM's implementation
	of Phigs. Both of them work but we require more output devices
	than just X-windows.

	Our salesman at IBM was not very familiar with graphics and
	I am not expecting for any good solutions from there.


		Ari

---

	Ari Suutari			ari@carel.fi
	Carelcomp Oy
	Lappeenranta
	FINLAND


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37931
From: wijkstra@fwi.uva.nl (Marcel Wijkstra (AIO))
Subject: Re: BW hardcopy of colored window?

mars@ixos.de (Martin Stein) writes:

#I use xwd/xpr (from the X11R5 dist.) and various programs of the
#ppm-tools to print hardcopies of colored X windows. My problem is,

I don't like xpr. It gives (at least, the X11R4 version does) louzy
output: the hardcopy looks very grainy to me.
Instead, I use pnmtops. This takes full advantage PostScript, and
lets the printer do the dirty job of dithering a (graylevel)
image to black and white dots.

So: if you have a PostScript printer, try:
	xwdtopnm <xwdfile> |	# convert to PPM
	[ppmtopgm |]		# .. to graylevel for smaller file to print
	pnmtops -noturn |	# .. to PostScript
	lpr			# print

pnmtops Has several neat options, but use them with care:
If you want your image to be 4" wide, use:
	pnmtops -noturn -scale 100 -width 4
-noturn Prevents the image from being rotated (if it is wider than it
	is high)
-width 4 Specifies the PAPER width (not the image width - see below)
-scale 100 Is used because if the image is small, it may fit within a
	width less than 4", and will thus be printed smaller than 4" wide.
	If you first scale it up a lot, it will certainly not fit in 4", and
	will be scaled down by pnmtops automatically to fit the specified
	paper width. 
	In short: pnmtops will scale an image down to fit the paper size,
	but it will not blow it up automatically.

Hope this helps.
Marcel.
-- 
 X	   Marcel Wijkstra   AIO   (wijkstra@fwi.uva.nl)
|X|	     Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science	
 X	       University of Amsterdam   The Netherlands
======Life stinks. Fortunately, I've got a cold.========

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37932
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <1993Apr6.011605.909@cis.uab.edu> sloan@cis.uab.edu
(Kenneth Sloan) writes:
>
>Why didn't you create 8 grey-level images, and display them for
>1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128... time slices?

By '8 grey level images' you mean 8 items of 1bit images?
It does work(!), but it doesn't work if you have more than 1bit
in your screen and if the screen intensity is non-linear.

With 2 bit per pixel; there could be 1*c_1 + 4*c_2 timing,
this gives 16 levels, but they are linear if screen intensity is
linear.
With 1*c_1 + 2*c_2 it works, but we have to find the best
compinations -- there's 10 levels, but 16 choises; best 10 must be
chosen. Different compinations for the same level, varies a bit, but
the levels keeps their order.

Readers should verify what I wrote... :-)

Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37933
From: renouar@amertume.ufr-info-p7.ibp.fr (Renouard Olivier)
Subject: LOOKING for CTDS !

I can't find CTDS (Connect The Dots Smoother) in France. If it is a commercial
program I'll happily pay whatever it may cost (do not take it litterally).
Please help!
I have *LOTS* of PoV sources, texture images and animations though, if you
are looking for something, just tell.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37934
From: renouar@amertume.ufr-info-p7.ibp.fr (Renouard Olivier)
Subject: Re: POV previewer

Actually I am trying to write something like this but I encounter some
problems, amongst them:

- drawing a 3d wireframe view of a quadric/quartic requires that you have
the explicit equation of the quadric/quartic (x, y, z functions of some
parameters). How to convert the implicit equation used by PoV to an
explicit one? Is it mathematically always possible?

I don't have enough math to find out by myself, has anybody heard about
useful books on the subject?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37935
From: dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil
Subject: Re: Real Time Graphics??

In article <C4vA9r.KK7@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil>, stockel@oahu.oc.nps.navy.mil (Jim Stockel) writes:
> Hi,
> 
> I will be writing a data acquisition program to collect data from a
> variety of sources including RS232, and external A/D's, and I would
> like to be able to display the data in near realtime.  I've done this
> type of thing on PC's and other machines, but I am unaware of any graphics
> package that could help me with this on a UNIX machine.
> 
> .......
> 
> Does anyone have any ideas on commercial or "free" packages that might
> suit my needs?  I would really appreciate any input.  I'm sure this has
> been done many times before.
> 

  For a commerical package try WAVE from  Precision Visuals
                                           505-530-6563

  For a free package try KHOROS from University of New Mexico
                                      508-277-6563
                                   ftp from
                              ptrg.eece.unm.edu

    Login in anonyomus or ftp  with a valid email address as the password
               cd /pub/khoros/release

   That will get you to the right place.

                                                         David

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37936
From: scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe)
Subject: BGI Drivers for SVGA

I require BGI drivers for Super VGA Displays and Super XVGA Displays. Does 
anyone know where I could obtain the relevant drivers ? (FTP sites ??)

	Regards


		Simon Crowe





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37937
From: d91-fad@tekn.hj.se (DANIEL FALK)
Subject: RE: VESA on the Speedstar 24

>>>kjb/MGL/uvesa32.zip
>>>
>>>This is a universal VESA driver.  It supports most video
>>>boards/chipsets (include the Speedstar-24 and -24X) up to
>>>24 bit color.
>>>
>>>Terry
>>>
>>>P.S.  I've tried it on a Speedstar-24 and -24X and it works. :)

>>Not with all software. :( For instance it doesn't work at all with
>>Animator Pro from Autodesk. It can't detect ANY SVGA modes when 
>>running UniVESA. This is really a problem as we need a VESA driver
>>for both AA Pro and some hi-color stuff. :(

>Just out of curiosity... Are you using the latest version (3.2)?  Versions
>previous to this did not fill in all of the capabilities bits and other
>information correctly.  I had problems with a lot of software until I got
>this version.  (I don't think the author got around to posting an 
>announcementof it (or at least I missed it), but 3.2 was available in the 
>directory indicated as of 3/29.)

I sure did use version 3.2. It works fine with most software but NOT
with Animator Pro and that one is quite important to me. Pretty
useless program without that thing working IMHO.
So I hope the author can fix that.

/Daniel...




=============================================================================
!!      Daniel Falk          \\  " Don't quote me! No comments! "          !! 
!!      ^^^^^^ ^^^^           \\               Ebenezum the Great Wizard   !! 
!!      d91-fad@tekn.hj.se     \\                                          !!
!!      d91fad@hjds90.hj.se    //  Also known as the mega-famous musician  !!
!!      Jkpg, Sweeeeeden...    \\         Leinad of The Yellow Ones        !!
=============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37938
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: (None set)

==============================================================================
Bear with me i'm new at this game, but could anyone explain exactly what DMORF
does, does it simply fade one bitmap into another or does it re shape one bitma
p into another. Please excuse my ignorance, i' not even sure if i've posted thi
s message correctly.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37939
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: HELP WANTED FOR DMORF.......!

==============================================================================
Please bear with me as i am new at this game, i apologize unreservedly if i hav
e posted another message earlier by mistake. but i digress, could anyone out th
ere please explain exactly what DMORF does (dtax.exe). Does it simply fade one
bitmap into another or does it reshape one bitmap into another. Excuse my ignor
ance.....

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37940
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: test....(sorry)

==============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37941
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

They need a hit software product to encourage software sales of the product,
i.e. the Pong, Pacman, VisiCalc, dBase, or Pagemaker of multi-media.
There are some multi-media and digital television products out there already,
albeit, not as capable as 3DO's.  But are there compelling reasons to buy
such yet?  Perhaps someone in this news group will write that hit software :-)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37942
Subject: Technical Help Sought
From: jiu1@husc11.harvard.edu (Haibin Jiu)

Hi!  I am in immediate need for details of various graphics compression
techniques.  So if you know where I could obtain descriptions of algo-
rithms or public-domain source codes for such formats as JPEG, GIF, and
fractals, I would be immensely grateful if you could share the info with
me.  This is for a project I am contemplating of doing.

Thanks in advance.  Please reply via e-mail if possible.

--hBJ

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37943
From: srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz)
Subject: Surface normal orientations

Some rendering programs require that all surface normals point in the same
direction.  (ie: On a closed cube, all normals point outwards).  You can use
the points on the faces to determine the direction of the normal, by making
sure that all points are either in clockwise or counter-clockwise order.

How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
set of points, edges and faces?   Say that you had a cube with all faces that 
have their normals facing outwards, except for one face.  What's the
best way to realize that face is "flipped", and should have it's points
re-ordered?   I thought I had a good way of telling this, but then realized
that the algorithm I had would only tell you if you had points in clockwise
order for a 2d polygon.  I'd like something for 3d data.

Any hints, tips, references would be appreciated.

Steve
-- 
Where humor is concerned there are no standards -- no one can say what is good 
or bad, although you can be sure that everyone will.  -- John Kenneth Galbraith
------- These opinions are my own.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37944
From: egerter@gaul.csd.uwo.ca (Barry Egerter)
Subject: Re: Graphics Library Package


	WGT is the WordUp Graphics Toolkit, designed by yours truly and my
co-programmer (and brother) Chris Egerter. It is a Turbo/Borland C++ graphics
library for programming in 320*200*256 VGA. We are currently producing it as
shareware, but in a few years it may be a commercial product (excuse typos,
there's no backspace on this terminal). Features include:

- loading and saving bit-images (called blocks from herein)
- flipping, resizing and warping blocks
- loading and saving palette, fading, several in memory at once
- graphics primitives such as line, circle, bar, rectangle
- region fill (not the usually useless floodfill)
- sprites (animated bitmaps), up to 200 onscreen at once
- joystick/mouse support
- SB support (VOC and CMF)
- tile-based game creation using 16*16 pixel tiles to create
  a 320*200 tile map (or game world) like in Duke Nuke 'Em
- number of sprites increased to 1000
- Professional Sprite Creator utility and Map Maker
-  routines to simplify scrolling games using maps, etc
- FLI playing routines, sprites can be animated over the FLI while playing
- PCX support, soon GIF
- EMS/XMS coming soon as well

Leave E-mail to Barry Egerter at    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca

Files available on:      (use  mget wgt*.zip)

SIMTEL20 and mirrors                pd1:<msdos.turbo-c>

nic.funet.fi                        pub/msdos/games/programming

Some sites may not have recent files, contact me for info regarding the up-to-
date information.










Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37945
From: IMAGING.CLUB@OFFICE.WANG.COM ("Imaging Club")
Subject: Re: Signature Image Database

Contact Signaware Corp
800-4583820
800 6376564

-------------------------------- Original Memo --------------------------------
BCC:     Vincent Wall                   From:      Imaging Club
Subject: Signature verification  ?      Date Sent: 05/04/93

sci.image.processing
From: yyqi@ece.arizona.edu (Yingyong Qi)
Subject: Signature Image Database
Organization: U of Arizona Electrical and Computer Engineering

Hi, All:

Could someone tell me if there is a database of handwriting signature
images available for evaluating signature verification systems.

Thanks.

YY

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37946
From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In article <1993Apr6.175117.1848@cis.uab.edu> sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan) writes:

A brilliant algorithm.  *NOT*

Seriously - it's correct, up to a sign change.  The flaw is obvious, and
will therefore not be shown.

sorry about that.



-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37947
From: pallis@server.uwindsor.ca (PALLIS  DIMITRIOS        )
Subject: Re: Genoa Blitz 24 hits 1600x1200x256 NI !

i am sorry, but this genoa card does nothing that the ATI ultra plus 2mb
can't do, PLUS the ATI costs 330$US street price ....


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37948
From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In article <1pscti$aqe@travis.csd.harris.com> srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz) writes:
>...
>How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
>set of points, edges and faces? 

Look for edge inconsistencies.  Consider two vertices, p and q, which
are connected by at least one edge.

If (p,q) is an edge, then (q,p) should *not* appear.  

If *both* (p,q) and (q,p) appear as edges, then the surface "flips" when
you travel across that edge.  This is bad.  

Assuming (warning...warning...warning) that you have an otherwise
acceptable surface - you can pick an edge, any edge, and traverse the
surface enforcing consistency with that edge.  

    0) pick an edge (p,q), and mark it as "OK"
    1) for each face, F, containing this edge (if more than 2, oops)
       make sure that all edges in F are consistent (i.e., the Face
       should be [(p,q),(q,r),(r,s),(s,t),(t,p)]).  Flip those which
       are wrong. Mark all of the edges in F as "OK",
       and add them to a queue (check for duplicates, and especially
       inconsistencies - don't let the queue have both (p,q) and (q,p)). 
    2) remove an edge from the queue, and go to 1).

If a *marked* edge is discovered to be inconsistent, then you lose.

If step 1) finds more than one face sharing a particular edge, then you
lose. 
    
Otherwise, when done, all of the edges will be consistent.  Which means
that all of the surface normals will either point IN or OUT.  Deciding
which way is OUT is left as an exercise...



-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37949
From: gavin@krypton.asd.sgi.com (Gavin Bell)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In <1pscti$aqe@travis.csd.harris.com> srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz) writes:
>How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
>set of points, edges and faces?

This algorithm works well for me:

Algorithm to attempt to find outward-facing normals:
---------------------------------------------------
First, mark all faces as UNKNOWN.

Then create an edge dictionary that allows you to find all of the
faces sharing a given edge (where an edge is two integers representing
the two shared vertices).

Pick an arbitrary face and mark it COUNTER_CLOCKWISE.  Using the edge
dictionary, orient all surrounding faces based on the orientation of
this face.  And recurse for all surrounding faces, consistently
orienting the entire surface.

Find the average of the vertices in this surface.  Using that point,
calculate a volume measurement, taking into account the face's
orientation.  If the volume turns out to be positive, assume the faces
are oriented correctly.  If it is negative, reverse their orientations
(mark them CLOCKWISE).

If any faces are still UNKNOWN after this, choose another face
and go through the algorithm again.

At the end, faces marked CLOCKWISE must have their indices reversed
before facet normals are found.

(Note: if you are running on Silicon Graphics machines and buy the
IRIS Inventor 3D toolkit developers package you have the source to
this algorithm-- see /usr/src/Inventor/tools/ivnorm/.  If you're
not... sorry, I can't give out the source, and even if I could it
relies heavily on Inventor).
--
--gavin     (gavin@sgi.com,  (415)390-1024)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37950
From: d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen)
Subject: Re: 16 million vs 65 thousand colors

andrey@cco.caltech.edu (Andre T. Yew) writes:

>d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen) writes:

>>1-4 bits per R/G/B gives horrible machbanding visible in almost any picture.

>>5 bits per R/G/B (32768, 65000 colors) gives visible machbanding

>>color-gradient picture has _almost_ no machbanding. This color-resolution is 

>>see some small machbanding on the smooth color-gradient picture, but all in all,
>>There _ARE_ situiations where you get visible mach-banding even in
>>a 24 bit card. If
>>you create a very smooth color gradient of dark-green-white-yellow
>>or something and turn
>>up the contrast on the monitor, you will probably see some mach-banding.

>    While I don't mean to damn Henrik's attempt to be helpful here,
>he's using a common misconception that should be corrected.

>    Mach banding will occur for any image.  It is not the color
>quantization you see when you don't have enough bits.  It is the
>human eye's response to transitions or edges between intensities.
>The result is that colors near the transistion look brighter on
>the brighter side and darker on the darker side.

>--Andre

Yeah, of course... The term 'mach banding' was not the correct one, it should've
been 'color quantization effect'. Although a bad color quantization effect could
result in some visible mach-bands on a picture that was smooth before it was
quantizised.

--
Henrik Harmsen     Internet:  d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se
               Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. 
      "I haven't lost my mind -- it's backed up on tape somewhere."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37951
From: dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil
Subject: Re: Real Time Graphics??

In article <1993Apr5.114428.2061@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil>, dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil writes:
> In article <C4vA9r.KK7@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil>, stockel@oahu.oc.nps.navy.mil (Jim Stockel) writes:
>> Hi,
>> 
>> 


 Opps!  typed in the phone numbers wrong.  Here are the correct numbers.

> 
>   For a commerical package try WAVE from  Precision Visuals


                                            303-530-9000

> 
>   For a free package try KHOROS from University of New Mexico


                                       505-277-6563


>                                    ftp from
>                               ptrg.eece.unm.edu
> 
>     Login in anonyomus or ftp  with a valid email address as the password
>                cd /pub/khoros/release

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37952
From: bsaffo01@cad.gmeds.com (Brian H. Safford)
Subject: IGES Viewer for DOS/Windows

Anybody know of an IGES Viewer for DOS/Windows? I need to be able to display 
ComputerVision IGES files on a PC running Windows 3.1. Thanks in advance.

+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Brian H. Safford           EMAIL: bsaffo01@cad.gmeds.com  |
| Electronic Data Systems    PHONE: (313) 696-6302          |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| NOTE: The views and opinions expressed herein are mine,   |
| and DO NOT reflect those of Electronic Data Systems Corp. |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37953
From: brr1@ns1.cc.lehigh.edu (BRANT RICHARD RITTER)
Subject: computer graphics to vcr?


    HELP   MY FRIEND AND I HAVE A CLASS PROJECT IN WHICH WE ARE TRYING TO MAKE
    A COMPUTER ANIMATED MOVIE OF SORTS WITH THE DISNEY ANIMATION AND WOULD
    LIKE TO PUT WHAT WE HAVE ON A VCR IS THIS POSSIBLE?  IS IT EASY AND
    RELATIVELY CHEAP? IF SO HOW? WE BOTH HAVE 386 IBM COMPATIBLES BUT ARE
    RELATIVELY CLUELESS WITH COMPUTERS IF YOU COULD HELP PLEASE DO.

                                THANX.
-- 
BRANT RITTER
-----------------------------------------------------
moshing--   "a cosmic cesspool of physical delight."
                                  -A. Kiedas
                                     RHCP
-----------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37954
From: mbh2@engr.engr.uark.edu (M. Barton Hodges)
Subject: Stereoscopic imaging

I am interested in any information on stereoscopic imaging on a sun
workstation.  For the most part, I need to know if there is any hardware
available to interface the system and whether the refresh rates are
sufficient to produce quality image representations.  Any information
about the subject would be greatly appreciated.

    Thanks!


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37955
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In article <7155@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
> One thing:  a small change in initial conditions can cause a huge
> change in final conditions.  There are certain things about the way
> the plate tektoniks and volcanic activity effect a land scape that
> is, while not entirely random, unpredictable.  This is also true with
> fractals, so one could also conclude that you could model this
> fractally. 

Yeah, and it's also true most long complicated sequences of events,
calculations, or big computer programs in general.  I don't argue
that you can get similar and maybe useful results from fractals, I
just question whether you >should<.

The fractal fiends seem to be saying that any part of a system that we
can't model should be replaced with a random number generator.  That
has been useful, for instance, in making data more palatable to human
perception or for torture testing the rest of the system, but I don't
think it has much to do with fractals, and I certainly would rather
that the model be improved in a more explicable manner.

I guess I just haven't seen all these earth-shaking fractal models
that explain and correlate to the universe as it actually exists.  I
really hope I do, but I'm not holding my self-similar breath.

> There is one other thing that fractals are good for:  fractal
> image compression.

Uh huh.  I'll believe it when I see it.  I've been chasing fractal
compression for a few years, and I still don't believe in it.  If it's so
great, how come we don't see it competing with JPEG?  'Cause it can't,
I'll wager.

Actually, I have wagered, I quit trying to make fractal compression
work- and I was trying- because I don't think it's a reasonable
alternative to other techniques.  It is neat, though. :-)

I'll reiterate my disbelief that everything is fractal.  That's why I
don't think fractal compression as it is widely explained is
practical.  I know Barnsley and Sloan have some tricks up their
sleeves that make their demos work, but I don't see anyone using it in a
real product.  It's been six years since Iterated Systems was formed,
right?

	"There are always going to be questions until there's a product
	out there," Sloan replies.  The company plans to ship its first
	encoding devices in the summer, he says.  In March, Iterated
	Systems will have the other half of the system: the decoders.

		- Scientific American, March 1990, page 77

Allen B (Don't even get me started :-) )

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37956
From: ranjan@cs.ubc.ca (Vishwa Ranjan)
Subject: Complex (i.e. with real and imaginary parts) bio-medical images..

Are  complex  bio-medical  images  available  anywhere on the net for 
experimentation?  By complex I mean that every sampled data point has 
a magnitude and phase information both. 

Thanks for any pointers,
--Vishwa


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37957
From: sas58295@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Lord Soth       )
Subject: MPEG for MS-DOS

Does anyone know where I can FTP MPEG for DOS from?  Thanks for any
help in advance.  Email is preferred but posting is fine.

				Scott


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Lord Soth, Knight |||| email to --> LordSoth@uiuc                ||||||||
| of the Black Rose |||| NeXT to ---> sas58295@sumter.cso.uiuc.edu ||||||||
|   @}--'-,--}--    |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|    I have no clue what I want to say in here so I won't say anything.   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37958
From: jack@shograf.com (Jack Ritter)
Subject: Help!!

I need a complete list of all the polygons
that there are, in order.

I'll summarize to the net.


--------------------------------------------------------
   "If only I had been compiled with the '-g' option."
---------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37959
From: geoffrey@cosc.canterbury.ac.nz (Geoff Thomas)
Subject: Re: Help! 256 colors display in C.


You'll probably have to set the palette up before you try drawing
in the new colours.

Use the bios interrupt calls to set the r g & b values (in the range
from 0-63 for most cards) for a particular palette colour (in the
range from 0-255 for 256 colour modes).

Then you should be able to draw pixels in those palette values and
the result should be ok.

You might have to do a bit of colourmap compressing if you have
more than 256 unique rgb triplets, for a 256 colour mode.


Geoff Thomas			geoffrey@cosc.canterbury.ac.nz
Computer Science Dept.
University of Canterbury
Private Bag				+-------+
Christchurch				| Oook! |
New Zealand				+-------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37960
From: tessmann@cs.ubc.ca (Markus Tessmann)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:

>They need a hit software product to encourage software sales of the product,
>i.e. the Pong, Pacman, VisiCalc, dBase, or Pagemaker of multi-media.
>There are some multi-media and digital television products out there already,
>albeit, not as capable as 3DO's.  But are there compelling reasons to buy
>such yet?  Perhaps someone in this news group will write that hit software :-)

I've just had the good fortune to be hired by Electronic Arts as Senior
Computer Graphics Artist at the Vancouver, Canada office.  :^)

The timing has a lot to do with the 3DO which EA is putting a lot of resources
into.  I do not know of any titles to be developed as yet but will be happy to
post as things develop.  I start there May 3.

	Markus Tessmann

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37961
From: johnsh@rpi.edu (Hugh Johnson)
Subject: Re: QuickTime movie available

In article <johnsh-040493161915@mustang.stu.rpi.edu>, I wrote:
> 
> I've used the recently-released Macintosh application MPEG to QuickTime to
> convert the excellent MPEG "canyon.mpg" into a QuickTime movie.  While
> anyone who would want this movie is perfectly able to convert it
> themselves, I thought I'd let the net know that I'd be glad to mail copies
> of mine out.  The movie conversion took close to SIX HOURS on my poor
> little IIcx; in other words, unless you've got a Quadra, you might not want
> to tie up your machine in converting this file.
> 
> The movie is a fast fly-through of a fractal-generated canyon landscape. 
> The movie is 58 seconds long, and uses the compact video compressor (i.e.,
> QuickTime v1.5).  The movie looks okay on 8-bit displays, and looks
> absolutely awesome on 16- and 24-bit displays.
> 
> I'd be happy to mail this movie to the first 20 or so people who ask for
> it.  The only caveat is you need to be able to receive a nine-megabyte mail
> message (the movie was stuff-it'ed down to seven megs, but binhex ruined
> that party).  If more then 20 people want this movie, then it's just more
> evidence that the net needs a dedicated QuickTime FTP archive site.  C'mon,
> someone's gotta have a spare 1.2GB drive out there...

Okay, I've received a whole lot of requests for the movie, so for
simplicity's sake I can't mail out any more than I've already received (as
of 16:30 EDT, Tuesday).  Maybe it'll pop up on a site sooner or later.

==============================================================================
Hugh Johnson (johnsh@rpi.edu)    | 
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute |            Welcome to Macintosh.
Troy, New York, USA              |
==============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37962
From: george@ccmail.larc.nasa.gov (George M. Brown)
Subject: QC/MSC code to view/save images

Dear Binary Newsers,

I am looking for Quick C or Microsoft C code for image decoding from file for
VGA viewing and saving images from/to GIF, TIFF, PCX, or JPEG format. I have
scoured the Internet, but its like trying to find a Dr. Seuss spell checker 
TSR. It must be out there, and there's no need to reinvent the wheel.

Thanx in advance.

//////////////

 The Internet is like a Black Hole....

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 37963
Subject: AutoCAD -> TIFF Can it be done????
From: cvadrmaz@vmsb.is.csupomona.edu

Hello, I realize that this might be a FAQ but I have to ask since I don't get a
change to read this newsgroup very often.  Anyways for my senior project I need
to convert an AutoCad file to a TIFF file.  Please I don't need anyone telling
me that the AutoCAD file is a vector file and the TIFF is a bit map since I
have heard that about 100 times already I would just like to know if anyone
knows how to do this or at least point me to the right direction.

Any help greatly appreciated,
Matt Georgy

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38099
From: amjad@eng.umd.edu (Amjad A Soomro)
Subject: Gamma-Law Correction

Hi:

I am digitizing a NTSC signal and displaying on a PC video monitor.
It is known that the display response of tubes is non-linear and is
sometimes said to follow Gamma-Law. I am not certain if these
non-linearities are "Gamma-corrected" before encoding NTSC signals
or if the TV display is supposed to correct this.
 
Also, if  256 grey levels, for example, are coded in a C program do
these intensity levels appear with linear brightness on a PC
monitor? In other words does PC monitor display circuitry
correct for "gamma errrors"?
 
Your response is much appreciated.
 
Amjad.

Amjad Soomro
CCS, Computer Science Center
U. of Maryland at College Park
email: amjad@wam.umd.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38214
From: mlee@eng.sdsu.edu (Mike Lee)
Subject: MPEG for x-windows MONO needed.

Hello, and thank you for reading this request.  I have a Mpeg viewer for x-windows and it did not run because I was running it on a monochrome monitor.  I need the mono-driver for mpeg_play.   

Please post the location of the file or better yet, e-mail me at mlee@eng.sdsu.edu.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38215
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: thining algorithm

In article <1q7615INNmi@shelley.u.washington.edu> kshin@stein.u.washington.edu  
(Kevin Shin) writes:
> I am trying obtain program to preprocess handwriting characters.
> Like thining algorithm, graph alogrithm.
> Do anyone know where I can obtain those?

I usually use "Algorithms for graphics and image processing" by
Theodosios Pavlidis, but other people here got them same idea and now
3 of 4 copies in the libraries have been stolen!

Another reference is "Digital Image Processing" by Gonzalez and
Wintz/Wood, which is widely available but a little expensive ($55
here- I just checked today).

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38216
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <1993Apr10.160929.696@galki.toppoint.de> ulrich@galki.toppoint.de  
writes:
> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
> significance".
> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy,
> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

I'm sure it is, and I am not amused.  Every time I read that part of the
TIFF spec, it infuriates me- and I'm none too happy about the
complexity of the spec anyway- because I think their "arbitrary but
carefully chosen number" is neither.  Additionally, I find their
choice of 4 bytes to begin a file with meaningless of themselves- why
not just use the letters "TIFF"?

(And no, I don't think they should have bothered to support both word
orders either- and I've found that many TIFF readers actually
don't.)

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38217
From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

gchen@essex.ecn.uoknor.edu writes in article <C55DoH.2AI@constellation.ecn.uoknor.edu>:
> 
> Greetings!
> 
> Does anybody know if it is possible to set VGA graphics mode to 640x400
> instead of 640x480?  Any info is appreciated!

Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38218
From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

abraxis@iastate.edu writes in article <abraxis.734340159@class1.iastate.edu>:
> 
> Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?
> Micron is selling it with their systems They rank them at 50 winmarks...
> Any info would help...
> thanks.

It's supposedly a high-performance chip based upon workstation graphics
accelerators.  It's quite fast (I have 7), but as usual with new boards/chips
the drivers are buggy for Windows.  As far as Winmarks go, it depends upon
the version.  I think I got 42M winmarks with version 3.11.  2.5 yielded the
50+ number.  I've also benchmarked this with Wintach at over 65 (from memory
as well).

As far as the low-level stuff goes, it looks pretty nice.  It's got this
quadrilateral fill command that requires just the four points.

It's very fast, but beware of buggy drivers, and otherwise no non-windows
support.

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38219
From: lewism@aix.rpi.edu (Michael C. Lewis)
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

In article <lsk1v9INN93c@caspian.usc.edu> zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:
>
>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 
>Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

It is used to create a TIN (triangulated irregular network), which is
basically a bunch of triangles which form a surface over a group of
points.  What is special about it is that the triangles formed are the 
most equalateral possible.  Check out "Proceedings of AutoCarto N" where
N is 8..10.  Sorry, I don't have a specific reference describing the
process.
-Michael




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38220
From: rubery@saturn.aitc.rest.tasc.com. (Dan Rubery)
Subject: Graphic Formats

I am writing some utilies to convert Regis and Tektonic esacpe sequences  
into some useful formats. I would rather not have to goto a bitmap format.  
I can convert them to Window Meta FIles easily enough, but I would rather  
convert them to Corel Draw, .CDR, or MS Power Point, .PPT, files.  
Microsoft would not give me the format. I was wondering if anybody out  
there knows the formats for these two applications.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38221
From: aad@scr.siemens.com (Anthony A. Datri)
Subject: Re: Nice gif code

>There is a thing called xgif

xgif is the grandfather of XV.

-- 

======================================================================8--<

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38222
From: fischer@iesd.auc.dk (Lars Peter Fischer)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???


>>>>> "Archer" == Archer (Bad Cop) Surly (archer@elysium.esd.sgi.com)

Archer> How about "Interactive Sex with Madonna"?

or "Sexium" for short.

/Lars
--
Lars Fischer, fischer@iesd.auc.dk | It takes an uncommon mind to think of
CS Dept., Aalborg Univ., DENMARK. | these things.  -- Calvin

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38223
From: crash@ckctpa.UUCP (Frank "Crash" Edwards)
Subject: Re: forms for curses

Note the Followup-To: header ...

steelem@rintintin.Colorado.EDU (STEELE MARK A) writes:
>Is there a collection of forms routines that can be used with curses?
>If so where is it located?

On my SVR4 Amiga Unix box, I've got -lform, -lmenu, and -lpanel for
use with the curses library.  Guess what they provide? :-)

Unix Press, ie. Prentice-Hall, has a programmer's guide for these
tools, referred to as the FMLI (Forms Mgmt Language Interface) and
ETI (Extended Terminal Interface), now in it's 2nd edition.  It is
ISBN 0-13-020637-7.

Paraphrased from the outside back cover:

    FMLI is a high-level programming tool for creating menus, forms,
    and text frames.  ETI is a set of screen management library
    subroutines that promote fast development of application programs
    for window, panel, menu, and form manipulation.

The FMLI is a shell package which reads ascii text files and produces
screen displays for data entry and presentation.  It consists of a
"shell-like" environment of the "fmli" program and it's database
files.  It is section 1F in the Unix Press manual.

The ETI are subroutines, part of the 3X manual section, provide
support for a multi-window capability on an ordinary ascii terminal
with controls built on top of the curses library.

>Thanks
>-Mark Steele
>steelem@rintintin.colorado.edu

-- 
Frank "Crash" Edwards          Edwards & Edwards Consulting
Voice: 813/786-3675            crash%ckctpa@myrddin.sybus.com, but please
Data:  813/787-3675            don't ask UUNET to route it -- it's sloooow.
    There will be times in life when everyone you meet smiles and pats you on
    the back and tells you how great you are ... so hold on to your wallet.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38224
From: millernw@craft.camp.clarkson.edu (Neal Miller)
Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....

merkelbd@sage.cc.purdue.edu (Brian Merkel) writes:

>In article <1993Apr11.132604.13400@ornl.gov> ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles) writes:
>>
>>I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
>>SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
>>jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
>>
>>I'm looking for some way to convert and/or view them in 24 bit.
>>
>>I have UNIVESA (uvesa31.zip) and the DVPEG viewer but I don't get anything.
>>Perhaps I am not setting up UNIVESA properly?  If anyone has ideas about this
>>please feel free to enlighten me...
>>
>>Just want to see the darn things in real color...

>Image Alchemy (aka alchemy) will view the TGA files that POV outputs
> and just about any other format you can think of. It will also convert
> between all these. It's shareware, so it's probably available by FTP
> somwhere out there in netland...

        Yep... Alchemy works fine on my Tseng400+DAC, but I think I remember
reading that it only displays in 15-bit or so.  Of course, that's still 32K
colors which is nothing to sneeze at.  Use the --v flag.


--
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Neal Miller         | "Why not go mad?"  | millernw@craft.camp.clarkson.edu
 Clarkson University |     - Ford Prefect |     dark@craft.camp.clarkson.edu
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38225
From: trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell)
Subject: HOT NEW 3D Software

There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
3rd version....(1st) for the IBM.... it can do morphing, your standard key-framming animation, it is a raytracer (reflections & shadows), and can do/apply special FX to objects... (like ripple, explode, bounce) things of that nature.  Also it has algorithmic texture maps....and your standard brushmapping also...

you can have animated brushmaps...(ie. live video mapped on the objs)...
also animated backdrops (ie. live video backgrounds)
also animted reflections maps....

you get the idea.... it will run for about 500$ retail (I think)...

dont let the low price fool you.... this product can do it all when it
comes to 3D-animation and Renderering...!

also....does anyone here know how to get in the Imagine mailing list??
please e-mail me if you do or post up here....

oh...the number for IMPULSE is --->1 800 328 0184

trb3@ra.msstate.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38226
From: mbc@po.CWRU.Edu (Michael B. Comet)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software


In a previous article, trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell) says:

>There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
>IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
>
	Well....I don't know about its competing with 3D studio, but
it's pretty powerful allright.

>
>also....does anyone here know how to get in the Imagine mailing list??
>please e-mail me if you do or post up here....
>

	Yes, send e-mail to:

	imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com

	With a header of something like subscribe.


	I actually work on the FAQ (frequently asked questions).  We
should have the new version out of it by next week, but if you want, I
could e-mail you the previous one.  It details what the list is etc...
as well as answering basic questions about Imagine.

	Hope this helps!


-- 
+======================================================================+
|  Michael B. Comet -   Software Engineer / Graphics Artist  - CWRU    |
|  mbc@po.CWRU.Edu  - "Silence those who oppose the freedom of speech" |
+======================================================================+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38227
From: dutc0006@student.tc.umn.edu (David J Dutcher-1)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

In article <734553308snx@rjck.UUCP> rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko) writes:
>gchen@essex.ecn.uoknor.edu writes in article <C55DoH.2AI@constellation.ecn.uoknor.edu>:
>> 
>> Greetings!
>> 
>> Does anybody know if it is possible to set VGA graphics mode to 640x400
>> instead of 640x480?  Any info is appreciated!
>
>Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
>support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
>My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
>due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)
>
>--
>I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
>             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

	Ahh no.  Possibly you punched in the wrong numbers on your
calculator.  256 color modes take a byte per pixel so 640 time 480 is
307,200 which is 300k to be exact.  640x400x256 only takes 250k but I
don't think it is a BIOS mode.  I wouldn't bet that all VGA cards can do
that either.  If a VGA card has 512k I bet it can do both 640x400 and
640x480.  That by definition is SVGA, though not very high SVGA.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38228
From: pvconway@cudnvr.denver.colorado.edu
Subject: TIN files & coutours


Hi!
	I am working on a project that needs to create contour lines
from random data points.  The work that I have done so far tells me that I
need to look into Triangulated Irregular Networks (TIN), the Delauney
criiterion, and the Krige method.  Does anyone have any suggestions for
references, programs and hopefully source code for creating contours.  Any
help with this or any surface modeling would be greatly appreciated.
I can be reached at the addresses below:


			-- Paul Conway

PVCONWAY@COPPER.DENVER.COLORADO.EDU
PVCONWAY@CUDNVR.DENVER.COLORADO.EDU

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38229
From: mccool@dgp.toronto.edu (Michael McCool)
Subject: Apr 20 Toronto Siggraph Event


Toronto Siggraph 
================

What: ``Chance's Art'': 2D Graphics and Animation on the Indigo.

By:    Ken Evans, Imagicians Artware, Inc. 

When:  Tuesday 20 April 1993 7:00pm-9:00pm 

Where: The McLuhan Centre for Culture and Technology
       University of Toronto
       39A Queen's Park Crescent
       Toronto

Who:   Members and non-members alike 
       (non-members encouraged to become members...)

Abstract:

Imagicians Artware, Inc. is entering into early beta site testing on Silicon 
Graphics workstations of a new 2D abstract artwork and animation package called 
Chance's Art.  The package will be described and demonstrated, and some of the 
technical issues will be discussed.  Marketing plans will be outlined.  The 
talk will also present some of the technical and business problems increasingly 
confronting small startup software companies today, and some of the 
opportunities this situation presents.

Time after the event will be allocated for hands-on demonstrations to 
interested parties.  Silicon Graphics is graciously providing an Indigo for 
this event.  Myck Kupka will also be demonstrating his computerized interactive 
reflective stereoscope, which is installed upstairs in the McLuhan Centre, so 
feel free to drop by for a demonstration before or after the event. BTW, be 
sure to sing "Happy Birthday, Myck"...

The names of nominees for our Siggraph executive offices will be announced at 
this meeting.  Nominations will still be open until the election at our 
May 18th event; call Myck Kupka at 465-0943 or fax to 465-0729.  

Directions: The McLuhan Coachhouse is on the east side of Queen's Park 
Crescent, just NORTH of Wellesley, SOUTH of St. Joseph St., BEHIND (EAST of) 
39 Queen's Park Crescent, which is the centre for Mediaeval Studies.  

For information on Toronto Siggraph membership, contact Michael McCool via:
	Internet: mccool@dgp.utoronto.ca; 
	Voice: 652-8072/978-6619/978-6027; 
	Fax: 653-1654


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38230
From: Dave Watson <watson@maths.uwa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:

>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 

The Delaunay triangulation is the geometrical dual of the 
Voronoi tessellation and both constructions are derived from
natural neighbor order.

Aurenhammer, F., 1991, Voronoi Diagrams - A Survey of a 
Fundamental Geometric Data Structure:
ACM Computing Surveys, 23(3), p. 345-405. 

Okabe, A., Boots, B., and Sugihara, K., 1992, Spatial 
tessellations : concepts and applications of Voronoi diagrams: 
Wiley & Sons, New York, ISBN 0 471 93430 5, 532p.

Watson, D.F., 1981, Computing the n-dimensional Delaunay 
tessellation with application to Voronoi polytopes: 
The Computer J., 24(2), p. 167-172.}

Watson, D.F., 1985, Natural neighbour sorting: The Australian 
Computer J., 17(4), p. 189-193. 

--
Dave Watson                          Internet: watson@maths.uwa.edu.au
Department of Mathematics            
The University of Western Australia               Tel: (61 9) 380 3359
Nedlands, WA 6009  Australia.                     FAX: (61 9) 380 1028

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38231
From: hrs1@cbnewsi.cb.att.com (herman.r.silbiger)
Subject: ANSI/AIIM MS-53 Standard Image File Format


wing the suggestion of Stu Lynne, I have posted the Image File Format executable and source code to alt.sources.

Herman Silbiger
.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38232
From: ccraig@nmt.edu (Catherine Craig)
Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....

In article <1993Apr11.132604.13400@ornl.gov> ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles) writes:
>
>I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
>SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
>jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
>
>I'm looking for some way to convert and/or view them in 24 bit.
>
>
>Just want to see the darn things in real color...
>
>Thanks,
>
>Jim Nobles
>

The best program I've seen for viewing such files is VPIC.  You'll want version 5.9 or later.  (6.0x is current.)  It allows you to view in 15 and 24 bit modes.  It really is QUITE nice.

Now, for a return question:  Do you run Windows?  If so, what are the dates on your drivers?  The newest ones *I* can find are from around 4-??-92!!  My problem is they conflict with Star Trek: After Dark, and other things as well.  I'm willing to bet that it's the drivers, and NOT the programs.  Anyone out there have info on newer SS24 (NOT X) drivers for windows or OS/2?

Thanks,
	Justin


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38233
From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: looking for circle algorithm faster than Bresenhams

In article <1993Apr13.025240.8884@nwnexus.WA.COM>, mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon) writes:
> I have an algorithm similar to Bresenhams line drawing algorithm, that
> draws a line by stepping along the minor axis and drawing slices like
> AAAA, BBBB, CCCC in the following diagram.
> 
>      AAAA
>          BBBB
>              CCCC
> 

	Yes, that's known as "Bresenhams Run Length Slice Algorithm for
Incremental lines". See Fundamental Algorithms for Computer Graphics,
Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 1985.

> I have tried to extrapolate this to circles but I can't figure out
> how to determine the length of the slices. Any ideas?

	Hmm. I don't think I can help you with this, but you might
take a look at the following:

	"Double-Step Incremental Generation of Lines and Circles",
X. Wu and J. G. Rokne, Computer Graphics and Image processing,
Vol 37, No. 4, Mar. 1987, pp. 331-334

	"Double-Step Generation of Ellipses", X. Wu and J. G. Rokne,
IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, May 1989, pp. 56-69

	Graeme Gill.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38234
Subject: E-mail of Michael Abrash?
From: gmontem@eis.calstate.edu (George A. Montemayor)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38235
From: g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)
Subject: Fonts in POV??



	I have seen several ray-traced scenes (from MTV or was it 
RayShade??) with stroked fonts appearing as objects in the image.
The fonts/chars had color, depth and even textures associated with
them.  Now I was wondering, is it possible to do the same in POV??


Thanks,

Noel

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38236
From: lm001@rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE (Erwin H. Keeve)
Subject: Polygon Reduction for Marching Cubes


Dear Reader,


I'am searching for an implementation of a polygon reduction algorithm
for marching cubes surfaces. I think the best one is the reduction algorithm
from Schroeder et al., SIGGRAPH '92. So, is there any implementation of this 
algorithm, it would be very nice if you could leave it to me.

Also I'am looking for a fast !!! connectivity
test for marching cubes surfaces.

Any help or hints will be very useful.
Thanks a lot


                                                 ,,,
                                                (o o)
 ___________________________________________oOO__(-)__OOo_____________
|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|_|
|_|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|
|                               |                                     |
| Erwin Keeve                   | adress:  Peter-Welter-Platz 2       |
|                               |          W-5000 Cologne 1, Germany  |
|                               |                                     |
| Dept. of Computergraphics &   | phone:   +49-221-20189-132 (-192)   |
|          Computeranimation    | FAX:     +49-221-20189-17           |
|                               |                                     |
| Academy of Media Arts Cologne | Email:   keeve@khm.uni-koeln.de     |
|_______________________________|_____________________________________|







Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38237
From: stefan@lis.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de (Stefan Eckart)
Subject: dmpeg10.zip info: Another DOS MPEG decoder/player posted


I have posted a DOS MPEG decoder/player to alt.binaries.pictures.utilities.

Here is a short description and some technical information, taken from the
accompanying documentation:


                              DMPEG V1.0

                       Public Domain MPEG decoder

                           by Stefan Eckart


0. Features
===========

DMPEG/DMPLAY is another MPEG decoder/player for the PC:


 - decodes (nearly) the full MPEG video standard
   (I,P,B frames, frame size up to at least 352x240 supported)

 - saves decoded sequence in 8 or 24bit raw file for later display

 - optional on-screen display during decoding (requires VGA)

 - several dithering options: ordered dither, Floyd-Steinberg, grayscale

 - color-space selection

 - runs under DOS, 640KB RAM, no MS-Windows required

 - very compact (small code / small data models, 16 bit arithmetic)

 - real time display of the raw file by a separate player for
   VGA and many Super-VGAs

...

4. Technical information
========================

The player is a rather straightforward implementation of the MPEG spec [1].
The IDCT is based on the Chen-Wang 13 multiplication algorithm [2]
(not quite the optimum, I know). Blocks with not more than eight non-zero
coefficients use a non-separated direct multiply-accumulate 2D-IDCT
(sounds great, doesn't it?), which turned out to be faster than a 'fast'
algorithm in this (quite common) case. Dithering is pretty standard. Main
difference to the Berkeley decoder (except for the fewer number of supported
algorithms) is the use of 256 instead of 128 colors, the (default) option to
use a restricted color-space and the implementation of a color saturation
dominant ordered dither. This leads to a significantly superior quality of
the dithered image (I claim, judge yourself).

Restricted color-space means that the U and V components are clipped to
+/-0.25 (instead of +/-0.5) and the display color-space points are distributed
over this restricted space. Since the distance between color-space points
is thus reduced by a factor of two, the color resolution is doubled at the
expense of not being able to represent fully saturated colors.

Saturation dominant ordered dither is a method by which a color, lying
somewhere between the points of the display color space, is approximated
by primarily alternating between two points of constant hue instead of
constant saturation. This yields subjectivly better quality due to the
lower sensitivity of the human viewing system to saturation changes than
to hue changes (the same reasoning as used by the PAL TV standard to improve
on NTSC). The improvement is particularly visible in dark brown or redish
areas.

...

--
Stefan Eckart, stefan@lis.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38238
From: scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe)
Subject: Point within a polygon

I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
information on the subject ?

		Regards

			Simon

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38239
From: john@goshawk.mcc.ac.uk (John Heaton)
Subject: POV reboots PC after memory upgrade

Up until last week, I have been running POVray v1.0 on my 486/33 under DOS5
without any major problems.  Over Easter I increased the memory from 4Meg to
8Meg, and found that POVray reboots the system every time under DOS5.  I had
a go at running POVray in a DOS window when running Win3.1 on the same system
and it now works fine, even if a lot slower.  I would like to go back to 
using POVray directly under DOS, anyone any ideas???

John
-- 
                 John Heaton   -   NRS Central Administrator
      MCC Network Unit, The University, Oxford Road, Manchester,  M13-9PL
            Phone: (+44) 61 275 6011   -   FAX: (+44) 61 275 6040
                   Packet: G1YYH @ G1YYH.GB7PWY.#16.GBR.EU

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38240
From: af774@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Chad Cipiti)
Subject: Good shareware paint and/or animation software for SGI?


Does anyone know of any good shareware animation or paint software for an SGI
 machine?  I've exhausted everyplace on the net I can find and still don't hava
 a nice piece of software.

Thanks alot!

Chad


-- 
Knock, knock.                                         Chad Cipiti
Who's there?                                    af774@cleveland.freenet.edu
                                               cipiti@bobcat.ent.ohiou.edu
It might be Heisenberg.                          chad@voxel.zool.ohiou.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38241
From: hendrix@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Dane Hendrix)
Subject: Processing of stereo images

I'm interested in find out what is involved in processing pairs of 
stereo photographs.  I have black-and-white photos and would like 
to obtain surface contours.

I'd prefer to do the processing on an SGI, but would be interested
in hearing what software/hardware is used for this type of
image processing.

Please email and/or post to comp.sys.sgi.graphics your responses.

Thanks,

Dane Hendrix                              | email: dane@wizard.dt.navy.mil 
DTMB (a.k.a. Headquarters, Carderock Div.,|  or hendrix@oasys.dt.navy.mil
Naval Surface Warfare Center)             |  or hendrix@nas.nasa.gov 
Code 1542, Bethesda, MD 20084-5000        | phone: (301)227-1340

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38242
From: jgreen@amber (Joe Green)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP) wrote:
> abraxis@iastate.edu writes in article <abraxis.734340159@class1.iastate.edu>:
> > Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?
> As far as the low-level stuff goes, it looks pretty nice.  It's got this
> quadrilateral fill command that requires just the four points.

Do you have Weitek's address/phone number?  I'd like to get some information
about this chip.

--
Joe Green				Harris Corporation
jgreen@csd.harris.com			Computer Systems Division
"The only thing that really scares me is a person with no sense of humor."
						-- Jonathan Winters

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38243
From: kreyling@lds.loral.com (Ed Kreyling 6966)
Subject: Sun-os and 8bit ASCII graphics

I would like to know if anyone has had any luck using the upper 128 ASCII
characters on a Sun station.  I am trying to convert a fortran program to run
on a Sun.  When we write character buffers to the Sun which contain char(218)
or char(196) or char(197) etc.  We get characters on the screen but they are
not the characters in the standard ASCII tables.

Any ideas or help will be appreciated.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38244
From: clipper@mccarthy.csd.uwo.ca (Khun Yee Fung)
Subject: Re: looking for circle algorithm faster than Bresenhams

>>>>> On Wed, 14 Apr 1993 04:49:46 GMT, graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill) said:

Graeme> 	Yes, that's known as "Bresenhams Run Length Slice Algorithm for
Graeme> Incremental lines". See Fundamental Algorithms for Computer Graphics,
Graeme> Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 1985.

> I have tried to extrapolate this to circles but I can't figure out
> how to determine the length of the slices. Any ideas?

Graeme> 	Hmm. I don't think I can help you with this, but you might
Graeme> take a look at the following:

Graeme> 	"Double-Step Incremental Generation of Lines and Circles",
Graeme> X. Wu and J. G. Rokne, Computer Graphics and Image processing,
Graeme> Vol 37, No. 4, Mar. 1987, pp. 331-334

Graeme> 	"Double-Step Generation of Ellipses", X. Wu and J. G. Rokne,
Graeme> IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, May 1989, pp. 56-69

Another paper you might want to consider is:

@article{fungdraw,
  title="A Run-Length Slice Line Drawing Algorithm without Division Operations",
  author="Khun Yee Fung and Tina M. Nicholl and A. K. Dewdney",
  journal="Computer Graphics Forum",
  year=1992,
  volume=11,
  number=3,
  pages="C-267--C-277"
}

Khun Yee
--
Khun Yee Fung    clipper@csd.uwo.ca
Department of Computer Science
Middlesex College
University of Western Ontario
London, Ontario
Canada N6A 5B7
Tel: (519) 661-6889
Fax: (519) 661-3515

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38245
From: msc_wdqn@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu (Daniel Q Naiman)
Subject: Geometry package

I am looking for a package which takes as inputs a set
of geometric objects defined by unions of convex polytopes
specified in some manner, say by inequalities and equalities,
and determines in some reasonable form things like
intersections, unions, etc. etc..

Does anyone know where I can find such a thing?

Dan Naiman
Department of Mathematical Sciences
Johns Hopkins University

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38246
From: spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk> scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:
>I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
>polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
>information on the subject ?

See the article "An Efficient Ray-Polygon Intersection," p. 390 in
Graphics Gems (ISBN 0-12-286165-5).  The second step, intersecting the
polygon, does what you want.  There is sample code in the book.

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"They are not Bolsheviks,
        just bullshitviks."  - Yevgeny Yevtechenko, "Again a meeting..."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38247
From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: Re: Distance between two Bezier curves

pes@hutcs.cs.hut.fi (Pekka Siltanen) writes:

> Suppose two cubic Bezier curves (control points V1,..,V4 and W1,..,W4)
> which have equal first and last control points (V1 = W1, V4 = W4). How do I 
> get upper bound for distance between these curves. 

Which distance? The distance between one point (t = ti) on the first curve
and a point on the other curve with same parameter (u = ti)?

> 
> Any references appreciated. Thanks in anvance.
> 
> Pekka Siltanen


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38248
From: jonas-y@isy.liu.se (Jonas Yngvesson)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:

>I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
>polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
>information on the subject ?

Well, it's been a while since this was discussed so i take the liberty of
reprinting (without permission, so sue me) Eric Haines reprint of the very
interesting discussion of this topic...

                /Jonas

                         O /         \ O
------------------------- X snip snip X ------------------------------
                         O \         / O

"Give a man a fish, and he'll eat one day.
Give a man a fishing rod, and he'll laze around fishing and never do anything."

With that in mind, I reprint (without permission, so sue me) relevant
information posted some years ago on this very problem.  Note the early use of
PostScript technology, predating many of this year's papers listed in the
April 1st SIGGRAPH Program Announcement posted here a few days ago.

-- Eric


Intersection Between a Line and a Polygon (UNDECIDABLE??),
	by Dave Baraff, Tom Duff

	From: deb@charisma.graphics.cornell.edu
	Newsgroups: comp.graphics
	Keywords: P, NP, Jordan curve separation, Ursyhon Metrization Theorem
	Organization: Program of Computer Graphics

In article [...] ncsmith@ndsuvax.UUCP (Timothy Lyle Smith) writes:
>
>  I need to find a formula/algorithm to determine if a line intersects
>  a polygon.  I would prefer a method that would do this in as little
>  time as possible.  I need this for use in a forward raytracing
>  program.

I think that this is a very difficult problem.  To start with, lines and
polygons are semi-algebraic sets which both contain uncountable number of
points.  Here are a few off-the-cuff ideas.

First, we need to check if the line and the polygon are separated.  Now, the
Jordan curve separation theorem says that the polygon divides the plane into
exactly two open (and thus non-compact) regions.  Thus, the line lies
completely inside the polygon, the line lies completely outside the polygon,
or possibly (but this will rarely happen) the line intersects the polyon.

Now, the phrasing of this question says "if a line intersects a polygon", so
this is a decision problem.  One possibility (the decision model approach) is
to reduce the question to some other (well known) problem Q, and then try to
solve Q.  An answer to Q gives an answer to the original decision problem.

In recent years, many geometric problems have been successfully modeled in a
new language called PostScript.  (See "PostScript Language", by Adobe Systems
Incorporated, ISBN # 0-201-10179-3, co. 1985).

So, given a line L and a polygon P, we can write a PostScript program that
draws the line L and the polygon P, and then "outputs" the answer.  By
"output", we mean the program executes a command called "showpage", which
actually prints a page of paper containing the line and the polygon.  A quick
examination of the paper provides an answer to the reduced problem Q, and thus
the original problem.

There are two small problems with this approach. 

	(1) There is an infinite number of ways to encode L and P into the
	reduced problem Q.  So, we will be forced to invoke the Axiom of
	Choice (or equivalently, Zorn's Lemma).  But the use of the Axiom of
	Choice is not regarded in a very serious light these days.

	(2) More importantly, the question arises as to whether or not the
	PostScript program Q will actually output a piece of paper; or in
	other words, will it halt?

	Now, PostScript is expressive enough to encode everything that a
	Turing Machine might do; thus the halting problem (for PostScript) is
	undecidable.  It is quite possible that the original problem will turn
	out to be undecidable.


I won't even begin to go into other difficulties, such as aliasing, finite
precision and running out of ink, paper or both.

A couple of references might be:

1. Principia Mathematica.  Newton, I.  Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
   England.  (Sorry, I don't have an ISBN# for this).

2. An Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation.  Hopcroft, J
   and Ulman, J.

3. The C Programming Language. Kernighan, B and Ritchie, D.

4. A Tale of Two Cities. Dickens, C.

--------

From: td@alice.UUCP (Tom Duff)
Summary: Overkill.
Organization: AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill NJ

The situation is not nearly as bleak as Baraff suggests (he should know
better, he's hung around The Labs for long enough).  By the well known
Dobbin-Dullman reduction (see J. Dullman & D. Dobbin, J. Comp. Obfusc.
37,ii:  pp. 33-947, lemma 17(a)) line-polygon intersection can be reduced to
Hamiltonian Circuit, without(!) the use of Grobner bases, so LPI (to coin an
acronym) is probably only NP-complete.  Besides, Turing-completeness will no
longer be a problem once our Cray-3 is delivered, since it will be able to
complete an infinite loop in 4 milliseconds (with scatter-gather.)

--------

From: deb@svax.cs.cornell.edu (David Baraff)

Well, sure its no worse than NP-complete, but that's ONLY if you restrict
yourself to the case where the line satisfies a Lipschitz condition on its
second derivative.  (I think there's an '89 SIGGRAPH paper from Caltech that
deals with this).

--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 J o n a s   Y n g v e s s o n          email: jonas-y@isy.liu.se
Dept. of Electrical Engineering	        voice:  +46-(0)13-282162          
University of Linkoping, Sweden         fax  :  +46-(0)13-139282

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38249
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon


In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk>, scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:
|> I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
|> polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
|> information on the subject ?
|> 
|> 		Regards
|> 
|> 			Simon

Basically, there are two algorithms determining whether a point is inside,
outside or on the polygon. The first one is Ray (or half line) method. In
this method, you can draw any ray, if the number of the intersection point
of the ray and the polygon is even, then it is outside. If the number is odd,
then it is inside. Of cause, you have to deal with the special cases which
may make you headache.

The second method is PI algorithm. Draw the lines between the point and
all the vertices on the polygon. Calculate and sum the angles of the
successive lines. If the result is 2*PI, then it is inside. If PI, then
it is on the polygon. Otherwise it is outside.

My experience tells the second method is relible.

Hope this helps.

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38250
From: channui@austin.ibm.com (Christopher Chan-Nui)
Subject: Re: Two pointing devices in one COM-port?

Bob Davis (sonny@trantor.harris-atd.com) wrote:
: In article <C4tKGM.1v6@unix.portal.com>, wil@shell.portal.com (Ville V Walveranta) writes:
: |> 
: |>         Is there any way to connect two pointing devices to one serial
: |>         port? I haven't tried this but I believe they would interfere
: |>         with each other (?) even if only one at a time would be used.

: 	Just get an A-B switch for RS232. Look in Computer Shopper.
: They are available fairly cheap. They allow switching between two
: serial devices on a single port.

Unfortunately the poster wants to use an internal and an external modem so a
switch isn't going to help them.  If you aren't using your com ports for
anything else, just define them on different com ports.  Define your internal
modem to be say, com1, and your external modem to be com3.  You really
shouldn't have to worry about interrupt conflicts since you won't be using
both modems at the same time :).

---
Christopher Chan-Nui    | Investment in reliability will increase until it
channui@austin.ibm.com  | exceeds the probable cost of errors, or until someone
#include <disclaimer.h> | insists on getting some useful work done.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38251
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In article <7208@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
> They talked about another routine that could yield up to 150 to 1
> compress with no image loss that *I* could notice.  The draw back is that it
> takes a hell of a long time to compress something.  I'll have to see if I can
> find the book so that I can give more exact numbers.  TTYL.

That's a typical claim, though they say they've improved
compression speed considerably.  Did you find out anything else
about the book?  I'd be interested in looking at it if you could give me
any pointers.

Reportedly, early fractal compression times of 24-100 hours used
that marvelous piece of hardware called "grad students" to do the
work.  Supposedly it's been automated since about 1988, but I'm still
waiting to be impressed.

Allen B (Sign me "Cynical")

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38252
From: clump@acaps.cs.mcgill.ca (Clark VERBRUGGE)
Subject: Re: BGI Drivers for SVGA

Dominic Lai (cs_cylai@cs.ust.hk) wrote:
: Simon Crowe (scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk) wrote:
: 8~> I require BGI drivers for Super VGA Displays and Super XVGA Displays. Does 
: 8~> anyone know where I could obtain the relevant drivers ? (FTP sites ??)

: 	I would like to know too!

: Regards,
: Dominic

garbo.uwasa.fi (or one of its many mirrors) has a file
called "svgabg40" in the programming subdirectory.
These are svga bgi drivers for a variety of cards.

[from the README]:
"Card types supported: (SuperVGA drivers)
  Ahead, ATI, Chips & Tech, Everex, Genoa, Paradise, Oak, Trident (both 8800 
  and 8900, 9000), Tseng (both 3000 and 4000 chipsets) and Video7.
  These drivers will also work on video cards with VESA capability.
  The tweaked drivers will work on any register-compatible VGA card."

enjoy,
Clark Verbrugge
clump@cs.mcgill.ca

--

 HONK HONK BLAT WAK WAK WAK WAK WAK UNGOW!


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38255
From: cptully@med.unc.edu (Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article 8HC@mentor.cc.purdue.edu, ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
>In article <1993Apr10.160929.696@galki.toppoint.de> ulrich@galki.toppoint.de  
>writes:
>> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
>> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
>> significance".
>> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy,
>> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?
>
>I'm sure it is, and I am not amused.  Every time I read that part of the
>TIFF spec, it infuriates me- and I'm none too happy about the
>complexity of the spec anyway- because I think their "arbitrary but
>carefully chosen number" is neither.  Additionally, I find their
>choice of 4 bytes to begin a file with meaningless of themselves- why
>not just use the letters "TIFF"?
>
>(And no, I don't think they should have bothered to support both word
>orders either- and I've found that many TIFF readers actually
>don't.)
>
>ab

Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
help define or critique the spec.

Finally, a little numerology:  42 is 24 backwards, and TIFF is a 24 bit
image format...

Chris
---
*********************************************************************
Christopher P. Tully				cptully@med.unc.edu
Univ. of North Carolina - Chapel Hill
CB# 7525					(919) 966-2699
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
*********************************************************************
I get paid for my opinions, but that doesn't mean that UNC or anybody
                     else agrees with them.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38256
From: emm@tamarack202.cray.com (Mike McConnell)
Subject: Interleaf to CGM


Has anyone successfully converted Interleaf graphics to CGM, or even heard
of it being done????


We'd love to hear about it.

-Mike McConnell

emm@cray.com




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38257
From: mogal@deadhead.asd.sgi.com (Joshua Mogal)
Subject: Re: Hollywood Hits, Virtual Reality

Sorry I missed you Raymond, I was just out in Dahlgren last month...

I'm the Virtual Reality market manager for Silicon Graphics, so perhaps I
can help a little.

In article <1993Mar17.185725.13487@relay.nswc.navy.mil>,
rchui@nswc-wo.nswc.navy.mil (Raymond Chui) writes:
|> Hello, the real reality. Our agency started to express interest in
|> virtual reality(VR).  So far, we do not know much about VR.  All we
|> know about are the Hollywood movies "The Terminater 2" and "Lawnmover
|> Man".  We also know something about VR from ABC news magazine and
|> Computer Graphics World magazine.


Unfortunately, while SGI systems were used to create the special effects
for both Terminator 2 and Lawnmower Man, those are film-quality computer
graphics, rendered in software and written to film a frame at a time.  Each
frame of computer animation for those films took hours to render on
high-end parallel processing computer systems. Thus, that level of graphics
would be difficult, if not impossible, to acheive in real time (30 frames
per second).


|> 
|> We certainly want to know more about VR.  Who are the leading
|> companies,
|> agencies, universities?  What machines support VR (i.e. SGI, Sun4,
|> HP-9000, BIM-6000, etc.)?


It depends upon how serious you are and how advanced your application is.
True immersive visualization (VR), requires the rendering of complex visual
databases at anywhere from 20 to 60 newly rendered frames per second.  This
is a similar requirement to that of traditional flight simulators for pilot
training. If the frame rate is too low, the user notices the stepping of
the frames as they move their head rapidly around the scene, so the motion
of the graphics is not smooth and contiguous.  Thus the graphics system
must be powerful enough to sustain high frame rates while rendering complex
data representations.

Additionally, the frame rate must be constant.  If the system renders 15
frames per second at one point, then 60 frames per second the next (perhaps
due to the scene in the new viewing direction being simpler than what was
visible before), the user can get heavily distracted by the medium (the
graphics computer) rather than focusing on the data. To maintain a constant
frame rate, the system must be able to run in real-time.  UNIX in general
does not support real-time operation, but Silicon Graphics has modified the
UNIX kernel for its multi-processor systems to be able to support real-time
operation, bypassing the usual UNIX process priority-management schemes. 
Uniprocessor systems running UNIX cannot fundamentally support real-time
operation (not Sun SPARC10, not HP 700 Series systems, not IBM RS-6000, not
even SGI's uniprocessor systems like Indigo or Crimson). Only our
multiprocessor Onyx and Challenge systems support real-time operation due
to their Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP) shared-memory architecture.

From a graphics perspective, rendering complex virtual environments
requires advanced rendering techniques like texture mapping and real-time
multi-sample anti-aliasing.  Of all of the general purpose graphics systems
on the market today, only Crimson RealityEngine and Onyx RealityEngine2
systems fully support these capabilities. The anti-aliasing is particularly
important, as the crawling jagged edges of aliased polygons is an
unfortunate distraction when immersed in a virtual environment.


|>  What kind of graphics languages are used with VR
|> (GL, opengl, Phigs, PEX, GKS, etc.)?

You can use the general purpose graphics libraries listed above to develop
VR applications, but that is starting at a pretty low level. There are
off-the- shelf software packages available to get you going much faster,
being targeted directly at the VR application developer. Some of the most
popular are (in no particular order):

	- Division Inc.		    (Redwood City, CA) - dVS
	- Sens8 Inc.		    (Sausalito, CA)    - WorldToolKit
	- Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, CA)     - NPSnet (FREE!)
	- Gemini Technology Corp    (Irvine, CA)       - GVS Simation Series
	- Paradigm Simulation Inc.  (Dallas, TX)       - VisionWorks, AudioWorks
	- Silicon Graphics Inc.	    (Mountain View,CA) - IRIS Performer

There are some others, but not off the top of my head...

	
|> What companies are making
|> interface devices for VR (goggles or BOOM (Binocular Omni-Orientational
|> Monitor), hamlets, gloves, arms, etc.)?

There are too many to list here, but here is a smattering:

	- Fake Space Labs	    (Menlo Park,CA)    - BOOM
	- Virtual Technologies Inc. (Stanford, CA)     - CyberGlove
	- Digital Image Design	    (New York, NY)     - The Cricket (3D input)
	- Kaiser Electro Optics	    (Carlsbad, CA)     - Sim Eye Helmet Displays
	- Virtual Research	    (Sunnyvale, CA)    - Flight Helmet display
	- Virtual Reality Inc.	    (Pleasantville,NY) - Head Mtd Displays, s/w
	- Software Systems	    (San Jose, CA)     - 3D Modeling software
	- etc., etc., etc.


|> What are those company's
|> addresses and phone numbers?  Where we can get a list name of VR
|> experts
|> and their phone numbers and Email addresses?


Read some of the VR books on the market:

	- Virtual Reality - Ken Pimental and Ken Texiera (sp?)
	- Virtual Mirage
	- Artificial Reality - Myron Kreuger
	- etc.

Or check out the newsgroup sci.virtual_worlds

Feel free to contact me for more info.

Regards,

Josh

-- 


**************************************************************************
**				     **					**
**	Joshua Mogal		     **	Product Manager			**
**	Advanced Graphics Division   **	  Advanced Graphics Systems	**
**	Silicon Graphics Inc.	     **	Market Manager			**
**	2011 North Shoreline Blvd.   **	  Virtual Reality		**
**	Mountain View, CA 94039-7311 **	  Interactive Entertainment	**
**	M/S 9L-580		     **					**
**				     *************************************
**	Tel:	(415) 390-1460						**
**	Fax:	(415) 964-8671						**
**	E-mail:	mogal@sgi.com						**
**									**
**************************************************************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38258
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

In article <jonas-y.734802983@gouraud> jonas-y@isy.liu.se (Jonas Yngvesson)  
writes:
> Intersection Between a Line and a Polygon (UNDECIDABLE??),
> 	by Dave Baraff, Tom Duff
> 
> 	From: deb@charisma.graphics.cornell.edu
> In recent years, many geometric problems have been successfully modeled in a
> new language called PostScript.  (See "PostScript Language", by Adobe Systems
> Incorporated, ISBN # 0-201-10179-3, co. 1985).
> 
> So, given a line L and a polygon P, we can write a PostScript program that
> draws the line L and the polygon P, and then "outputs" the answer.  By
> "output", we mean the program executes a command called "showpage", which
> actually prints a page of paper containing the line and the polygon.  A quick
> examination of the paper provides an answer to the reduced problem Q, and  
thus
> the original problem.

Curiously, in modern PostScript, the point in a polygon problem can
be solved even more easily.  To wit:

%!
%%Title: Point in Polygon
%%Creator: Allen B (ab@cc.purdue.edu)
%%For: the amusement of comp.graphics regulars
%%LanguageLevel: 2
%%DocumentNeededResource: humor sense thereof
%%EndComments

% This program will test whether a point is inside a given polygon.
% Currently it uses the even-odd rule, but that can be changed by
% replacing ineofill with infill.  These are Level 2 operators,
% so if you've only got Level 1 you're out of luck.
%
% The result will be printed on the output stream.
%
% Caution: only accurate to device pixels!
% Put a huge scale in first if you aren't sure.

% Point to test
% PUT X AND Y COORDINATES HERE

50 75

% Vertices of polygon in counter-clockwise order
% PUT ARRAY OF PAIRS OF COORDINATES HERE
[
[   0   0 ]
[ 100   0 ]
[ 100 100 ]
[  67 100 ]
[  67  50 ]
[  33  50 ]
[  33 100 ]
[   0 100 ]
]

dup 0 get aload pop moveto dup length 1 dup 3 1 roll
sub getinterval { aload pop lineto } forall closepath
ineofill { (Yes!) } { (No!) } ifelse =

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38259
From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Hi everyone,

I thought that some people may be interested in my VR
software on these groups:

*******Announcing the release of Multiverse-1.0.2*******

Multiverse is a multi-user, non-immersive, X-Windows based Virtual Reality
system, primarily focused on entertainment/research.

Features:

   Client-Server based model, using Berkeley Sockets.
   No limit to the number of users (apart from performance).
   Generic clients.
   Customizable servers.
   Hierachical Objects (allowing attachment of cameras and light sources).
   Multiple light sources (ambient, point and spot).
   Objects can have extension code, to handle unique functionality, easily
        attached.

Functionality:

  Client:
   The client is built around a 'fast' render loop. Basically it changes things
   when told to by the server and then renders an image from the user's
   viewpoint. It also provides the server with information about the user's
   actions - which can then be communicated to other clients and therefore to
   other users.

   The client is designed to be generic - in other words you don't need to
   develop a new client when you want to enter a new world. This means that
   resources can be spent on enhancing the client software rather than adapting
   it. The adaptations, as will be explained in a moment, occur in the servers.

   This release of the client software supports the following functionality:

    o Hierarchical Objects (with associated addressing)

    o Multiple Light Sources and Types (Ambient, Point and Spot)

    o User Interface Panels

    o Colour Polygonal Rendering with Phong Shading (optional wireframe for
	faster frame rates)

    o Mouse and Keyboard Input

   (Some people may be disappointed that this software doesn't support the
   PowerGlove as an input device - this is not because it can't, but because
   I don't have one! This will, however, be one of the first enhancements!)

  Server(s):
   This is where customization can take place. The following basic support is
   provided in this release for potential world server developers:

    o Transparent Client Management

    o Client Message Handling

   This may not sound like much, but it takes away the headache of
accepting and
   terminating clients and receiving messages from them - the
application writer
   can work with the assumption that things are happening locally.

   Things get more interesting in the object extension functionality. This is
   what is provided to allow you to animate your objects:

    o Server Selectable Extension Installation:
        What this means is that you can decide which objects have extended
        functionality in your world. Basically you call the extension
        initialisers you want.

    o Event Handler Registration:
        When you develop extensions for an object you basically write callback
        functions for the events that you want the object to respond to.
        (Current events supported: INIT, MOVE, CHANGE, COLLIDE & TERMINATE)

    o Collision Detection Registration:
        If you want your object to respond to collision events just provide
        some basic information to the collision detection management software.
        Your callback will be activated when a collision occurs.

    This software is kept separate from the worldServer applications because
    the application developer wants to build a library of extended objects
    from which to choose.

    The following is all you need to make a World Server application:

    o Provide an initWorld function:
        This is where you choose what object extensions will be supported, plus
        any initialization you want to do.

    o Provide a positionObject function:
        This is where you determine where to place a new client.

    o Provide an installWorldObjects function:
        This is where you load the world (.wld) file for a new client.

    o Provide a getWorldType function:
        This is where you tell a new client what persona they should have.

    o Provide an animateWorld function:
        This is where you can go wild! At a minimum you should let the objects
        move (by calling a move function) and let the server sleep for a bit
        (to avoid outrunning the clients).

    That's all there is to it! And to prove it here are the line counts for the
    three world servers I've provided:

        generic - 81 lines
        dactyl - 270 lines (more complicated collision detection due to the
                           stairs! Will probably be improved with future
                           versions)
        dogfight - 72 lines

Location:

   This software is located at the following site:
   ftp.u.washington.edu

   Directory:
   pub/virtual-worlds

   File:
   multiverse-1.0.2.tar.Z

Futures:

   Client:

    o Texture mapping.

    o More realistic rendering: i.e. Z-Buffering (or similar), Gouraud shading

    o HMD support.

    o Etc, etc....

   Server:

    o Physical Modelling (gravity, friction etc).

    o Enhanced Object Management/Interaction

    o Etc, etc....

   Both:

    o Improved Comms!!!

I hope this provides people with a good understanding of the Multiverse
software,
unfortunately it comes with practically zero documentation, and I'm not sure
whether that will ever be able to be rectified! :-(

I hope people enjoy this software and that it is useful in our explorations of
the Virtual Universe - I've certainly found fascinating developing it, and I
would *LOVE* to add support for the PowerGlove...and an HMD :-)!!

Finally one major disclaimer:

This is totally amateur code. By that I mean there is no support for this code
other than what I, out the kindness of my heart, or you, out of pure
desperation, provide. I cannot be held responsible for anything good or bad
that may happen through the use of this code - USE IT AT YOUR OWN RISK!

Disclaimer over!

Of course if you love it, I would like to here from you. And anyone with
POSITIVE contributions/criticisms is also encouraged to contact me. Anyone who
hates it: > /dev/null!

************************************************************************
*********
And if anyone wants to let me do this for a living: you know where to
write :-)!
************************************************************************
*********

Thanks,

Robert.

robert@acsc.com
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38260
From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Update on location!!

Directory should be:
public/virtual-worlds!!
^^^^^^

Sorry! :-)

Robert.
robert@acsc.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38261
From: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle)
Subject: PCX


Hello
	HELP!!! please
		I am a student of turbo c++ and graphics programming
	and I am having some problems finding algorithms and code
	to teach me how to do some stuff..

	1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
	to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?

	2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
	so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
	800x600x256
	3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?

Thanks very much !

send reply's to : Palm@snycanva.bitnet

Peace be
Blessed be
Stephen Palm

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38262
From: cywang@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (Crying Freeman)
Subject: What's a good assembly VGA programming book?

Can someone give me the title of a good VGA graphics programming book?
Please respond by email. Thanks!

			--Yuan

-- 
Che-Yuan Wang
cw21219@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu
cywang@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38263
From: davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com (David J. Ray)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In regards to fractal commpression, I have seen 2 fractal compressed "movies".
They were both fairly impressive.  The first one was a 64 gray scale "movie" of
Casablanca, it was 1.3MB and had 11 minutes of 13 fps video.  It was a little
grainy but not bad at all.  The second one I saw was only 3 minutes but it
had 8 bit color with 10fps and measured in at 1.2MB.

I consider the fractal movies a practical thing to explore.  But unlike many 
other formats out there, you do end up losing resolution.  I don't know what
kind of software/hardware was used for creating the "movies" I saw but the guy
that showed them to me said it took 5-15 minutes per frame to generate.  But as
I said above playback was 10 or more frames per second.  And how else could you
put 11 minutes on one floppy disk?

davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com
My opinions are my own except where they are shared by others in which case I 
will probably change my mind.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38264
From: Ivanov Sergey <serge@argus.msk.su>
Subject: Re: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

> My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this

 Can You report CRT and other register state in this mode ?
 Thank's.

        Serge Ivanov (serge@argus.msk.su)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38265
From: boylan@pi.eai.iastate.edu (Terran Boylan)
Subject: Reaction-Diffusion techniques

This past week I've been playing with some of the R-D (Reaction-
Diffusion, not to be confused with RDS or R&D) techniques
from SIGGRAPH '91.

I was wondering what material is available to explain the control
mechanism a little more.  It seems to me very much like a matter of
picking random magic numbers and sitting back and waiting.  Although
both of the papers (Turk and Witkin & Kass) were very well organized
and extremely helpful, I guess what I need is a more basic description
of the technique, especially wrt the control mechanisms.  The tests
that I did had a tendency to either turn into blurry mud or become
unstable.

Is there any info available online?  Source code would be great but
not necessary.

Thanks!


-- 
---
Terran J. Boylan, Sr. Artist/Programmer | "It's better to have loved
Engineering Animation, Inc.,  Ames, IA  | and lost than just to have
(515) 296-9908 / (515) 296-7892 (> 5PM) | lost." -- Dorky Dog

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38266
From: rjs002c@parsec.paradyne.com (Robert Synoski)
Subject: 24 bit Graphics cards

I am looking for EISA or VESA local bus graphic cards that support at least 
1024x786x24 resolution.  I know Matrox has one, but it is very expensive.  All the
other cards I know of, that support that resoultion, are striaght ISA. 

Also are there any X servers for a unix PC that support 24 bits?

thanks




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38267
From: dls@aeg.dsto.gov.au (David Silver)
Subject: Re: Fractal Generation of Clouds

haabn@nye.nscee.edu (Frederick J. Haab) writes:


>I need to implement an algorithm to fractally generate clouds
>as sort of a benchmark for some algorithms I'm working on.

Just as a matter of interest, a self-promo computer graphics sequence 
that one of the local TV stations used to play quite a lot a couple of
years ago showed a 3D flyover of Australia from the West coast to the
East.  The clouds were quite recognisable as fuzzy, flat, white
Mandlebrot sets!!

David Silver


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38268
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

Hi Netters,

I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.

Can you please offer some recommendations?

I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.

Thanks

(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)

Bob Carpenter


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38269
From: kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au (Kai Howells)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software

In article <1qflpk$re1@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>, mbc@po.CWRU.Edu (Michael B.
Comet) wrote:
> 
> 
> In a previous article, trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell) says:
> 
> >There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
> >IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
> >
> 	Well....I don't know about its competing with 3D studio, but
> it's pretty powerful allright.

Yes but a key issue is _SPEED_ how fast is Imagine? And is it as easy to
use
as 3D Studio? Can it just do a render as fast as 3DS if you don't want
things like IOR etc.. 3DS can do fine shadows, animated reflection maps,
animated bump maps, animated anything maps, and with the IPAS routines 
(Not that I've ever seen them) It can do explosions, top quality
morphing, fire, rain, lens flares etc..
I'm not knocking imagine, I just want to know how it compares with 3DS

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38270
From: u895027@franklin.cc.utas.edu.au (Mark Mackey)
Subject: Raytracers: which is best?

Hi all!
	I've just recently become seriously hooked on POV, but there are a few
thing that I want to do that POV won't do (penumbral shadows, dispersion
etc.). I was just wondering: what other shareware/freeware raytracers are
out there, and what can they do? I've heard of Vivid and Polyray and 
Rayshade and so on, but I'd rather no wade through several hundred pages of 
manual for each trying to work out what their capabilities are. Can anyone
help? A comparison of tracing speed between each program would also be 
mucho useful.
											Mark.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Mackey                 | Life is a terminal disease and oxygen is         
mmackey@aqueous.ml.csiro.au | addictive. Are _you_ hooked?                  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38271
From: petro@server.uwindsor.ca (PETRO DAVID              )
Subject: Shareware


 Recently I saw the latest Computer Shopper and in it there was an article
on nice shareware graphics programs. They looked pretty good and of the 6
listed in the article, one I had (Graphics Workshop), one I found via
archie (Draft Choice - old version though) and the rest I couldn't find.
So if there is anyone that knows where I can get the following programs
via anonymous ftp, please let me know.

Adkins Graphics :AG1.ZIP, AG2.ZIP
Draft Choice (latest VGA version) : DRAFTC.ZIP
Envision Publisher: ENVIS1.ZIP, ENVIS2.ZIP
Neopaint: NEOPNT.ZIP

Thanx in advance.
D.PETRO 
-- 
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
>     DAVID PETRO           KWYJIBO-- A big, dumb, balding       <
>     Dept. of Physics                North American ape.        <
>     University of Windsor petro@server.uwindsor.ca             <

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38272
From: mmadsen@bonnie.ics.uci.edu (Matt Madsen)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

Robert G. Carpenter writes:

>Hi Netters,
>
>I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>
>Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
>
>Thanks
>
>(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
>
>Bob Carpenter
>

I too would like a 3D graphics library!  How much do C libraries cost
anyway?  Can you get the tools used by, say, RenderMan, and can you get
them at a reasonable cost?

Sorry that I don't have any answers, just questions...

Matt Madsen
mmadsen@ics.uci.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38273
From: kshin@stein.u.washington.edu (Kevin Shin)
Subject: thinning algorithm

Hi, netters

I am looking for source code that can reads the ascii file
or bitmap file and produced the thinned image.
For example, to preprocess the character image I want to
apply thinning algorithm.

thanks
kevin
.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38274
From: geigel@seas.gwu.edu (Joseph Geigel)
Subject: Looking for AUTOCAD .DXF file parser


  Hello...

    Does anyone know of any C or C++ function libraries in the public domain
 that assist in parsing an AUTOCAD .dxf file?  

    Please e-mail.


                                Thanks,

-- 

                            -- jogle
                               geigel@seas.gwu.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38275
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Delaunay Triangulation


Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
Is there any reference to it? 
Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

Thanks in advance.

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38276
From: katkere@krusty.eecs.umich.edu (Arun Katkere)
Subject: Re: cylinder and ray

In article <1qc1fgINNbv4@darkstar.UCSC.EDU>, koehler@secs.ucsc.edu writes:
|> I would be most thrilled if some kind person could help me with the following
|> Given a cylinder in 3D -defined as a line segment between two points and
|> a radius (e.g. Sx,Sy,Sz to Ex,Ey,Ez and r), what is the easiest (and not
|> too expensive) way to find if a ray -defined as another line through two
|> points -cuts through this cylinder and if so where? 

|> I think the test for touching is rather simple: if the closest approach
|> of the two lines is less than r, then the ray does penetrate the cylinder.

Nope, this won't work for a cylinder. You can have a line arbitrarily close
to the the cylinder backbone, and yet not intersect it. The test works for a
pillbox, though. (a cylinder with two hemispheres attached at the ends.)

|> Thanks,
|> 	Ryan 	(koehler@secs.ucsc.edu)

-arun
-- 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38277
From: lee@luke.rsg.hac.com (C. Lee)
Subject: Re: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?)

In article <115072@bu.edu> kiki@PROBLEM_WITH_INEWS_GATEWAY_FILE (Keith Baccki) writes:
>C. Lee (lee@obiwan.rsg.hac.com) wrote:
>:  Did you say DEC Alpha?  Upgrade path from [...]
>:  6xx0: replace.  Upgrade path from VAX 66x0 to Alpha: replace the system.

>	Not totally fair - you haven't mentioned the DECstation
>series. I think if SGI made CISC mainframes they wouldn't provide
>an upgrade path to an Onyx.

I agree with you about the upgrade path; but I think I was fair.

The original posting complained (1) about SGI coming out with newer (and
better) architectures and not having an upgrade path from the older ones,
and (2) that DEC did.

On statement (1), I merely attempted to point out that all computer
companies are constantly attempting to improve their product (& market
position/share).  In so doing, they eventually come to a point where they
have a new architecture, and the only upgrade path is to replace the
system.  And the particular system he was complaining about was (in
computer lifetimes) relatively old.

On statement (2), I felt DEC's history of providing upgrades was not far
superior than the industry "average", and that, in my opinion, SGI's
history is better than DEC's.

(And what is DEC doing with it's MIPS based DECstation line?  Are they
going to "abandon" it for their Alpha based line, or provide an upgrade
path to R4400's and TFP's and R5's?)
--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38278
From: williams4000@iscsvax.uni.edu
Subject: BOOK OF KELLS CORRECTION!!!

I aparantly mistyped the address for the ftp site which holds the images. The
correct address should be:

jupiter.csd.unb.ca
                ^^
rather than jupiter.csd.unb.edu.  They are in the directory:

\pub\library.info

Jon Williams
University of Northern Iowa

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38279
From: jxl9011@ultb.isc.rit.edu (J.X. Lee)
Subject: JOB

		
	              JOB OPPORTUNITY
		      ---------------


SERI(Systems Engineering Research Institute), of KIST(Korea
Institute of Science and Technology) is looking for the resumes
for the following position and need them by the end of June (6/30). 
If you are interested, send resumes to:

	CAD/CAE lab (6th floor)
	Systems Engineering Research Institute
	Korea Institute of Science and Technology 
	Yousung-Gu, Eoeun-Dong,
	Daejon. Korea
	305-600


	COMPANY: Systems Engineering Research Institute

	TITLE  : Senior Research Scientist

	JOB DESCRIPTION : In depth knowledge of C.
	Working knowledge of Computer Aided Design.
	Working knowledge of Computer Graphics.
	Working knowledge of Virtual Reality.
	Skills not required but desirable : knowledge of
	data modeling, virtual reality experience,
	understanding of client/server architecture.

	REQUIREMENT : Ph.D

	JOB LOCATION : Daejon, Korea

	Contact Info : Chul-Ho, Lim
		       CAD/CAE lab (6th floor)
		       Systems Engineering Research Institute
		       Korea Institute of Science and Technology 
	       	       Yousung-Gu, Eoeun-Dong,
		       Daejon. Korea
		       305-600

		       Phone) 82-42-869-1681
		       Fax)   82-42-861-1999 
		       E-mail) jxl9011@129.21.200.201

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38280
From: egg@dstos3.dsto.gov.au
Subject: Chosing optimal colors for colormap ?

Hi,

  I'm looking for an algorithm that would generate a good cross-section of
RGB colours given a limited colour map size. 

The problem: I'm writing an application for the PC that may have at most 256
colors. I want to use one colormap (palette) for the application but I'd like
it to contain an even spread of colours of the visible spectrum. I could use 
a 6x6x6 RGB cube but the problem is that a lot of those colours are almost
identical to the human eye. 

Does anyone know how I can optimize my choice of colors ?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38281
From: rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham)
Subject: Re: SIGGRAPH

srnelson@speedsail.Eng.Sun.COM (Scott R. Nelson) writes:

> dave.mikelson@almac.co.uk (Dave Mikelson) writes:
> ...
> >Does anyone know if there is an 'open day' for the public at any time?
> >That is, not to attend conferences, but just browse around the 
> >exhibits.  Or are the exhibits etc just for fully registered attendees?
> was free as long as you got it to Siggraph on or before July 7.
> For 1991, it was similar: $20.00 or free before July 9.  It is safe
> to assume that the same kind of deal will be available this year.

	I just got my advance program and the "card in the back" is for the
	Exhibits Plus program -- the exhibits plus admission to a number of
	conference venues, including a special general session, "Behind the
	Scenes: Computer Graphics in Film."  Admission is not free, but is a
	nominal $30 (exhibits are open August 3 -- 5).

	To get a copy of the advance program, you can call 312-321-6830; the
	advance program itself is a good indication of the excitement of the
	conference!

> 
> Register early and get in for free.

	Sorry -- doesn't work this year!

-- Steve Cunningham

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38282
From: rosa@ghost.dsi.unimi.it (massimo rossi)
Subject: 3d studio works changes!!!!

 hi guys
 like all people in this group i'm a fans of fractal and render sw
 my favourite are fractint pov & 3dstudio 2.0 
 now listen my ideas
 i'have just starting now to be able to use 3dstudio quite well
 so i'm simulating a full animation of a f1 grand prix
 unfortanatly just some lap(10?)
 i' m very interested about all kind of .prj .3ds and so on
 concerning about cars or parts of its (motors wheel ...)
 (dxf are good enough)
 does anyone have object to give me to complete my hard animation


 anyway any exchanges about object material project will
 be VERY APRECIATE!!!!!

 is there a ftp site where I can find its?

 i' m looking for .pov files too
 (i 'm interested about cpu time comparision rendering images on
 pov & 3dstusio)

 thank to all


 email me at rosa@ghost.sm.dsi.unimi.it



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38283
From: djmst19@unixd2.cis.pitt.edu (David J Madura)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

dave@optimla.aimla.com (Dave Ziedman) writes:

: 3DO is still a concept.
: The software is what sells and what will determine its
: success.


Apparantly you dont keep up on the news.  3DO was shown
at CES to developers and others at private showings.  Over
300 software licensees currently developing software for it.

I would say that it is a *LOT* more than just a concept.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38284
From: esuoc@csv.warwick.ac.uk (Ajay Soni)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For M




In article 2G1@bcstec.ca.boeing.com, rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>Hi Netters,
>
>I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>
>Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
>
>Thanks
>
>(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
>
>Bob Carpenter
>

I've been given the sites of some excellent 3D objects on all sorts of file formats ...
Here's where they are:


Host plaza.aarnet.edu.au

    Location: /graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Apr  4 14:32  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil

Host compute1.cc.ncsu.edu

    Location: /mirrors/wustl/graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Mar 14 09:15  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil

Host wuarchive.wustl.edu

    Location: /graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Jan  3 06:29  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil


See ya!
					Ajay 8*)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38285
From: joerg@sax.sax.de (Joerg Wunsch)
Subject: About the various DXF format questions

Archie told me the following sites holding documentation about DXF:

Host nic.funet.fi   (128.214.6.100)
Last updated 15:11  7 Apr 1993

    Location: /pub/csc/graphics/format
      FILE      rwxrwxr--     95442  Dec  4  1991   dxf.doc

Host rainbow.cse.nau.edu   (134.114.64.24)
Last updated 17:09  1 Jun 1992

    Location: /graphics/formats
      FILE      rw-r--r--     95442  Mar 23 23:31   dxf.doc

Host ftp.waseda.ac.jp   (133.9.1.32)
Last updated 00:47  5 Apr 1993

    Location: /pub/data/graphic
      FILE      rw-r--r--     39753  Nov 18  1991   dxf.doc.Z

-- 
J"org Wunsch, ham: dl8dtl    : joerg_wunsch@uriah.sax.de
If anything can go wrong...  :   ...or:
     .o .o                   : joerg@sax.de,wutcd@hadrian.hrz.tu-chemnitz.de,
       <_      ... IT WILL!  : joerg_wunsch@tcd-dresden.de

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38286
From: lcd@umcc.umcc.umich.edu (Leon Dent)
Subject: Re: MPEG for x-windows MONO needed.

On sunsite.unc.edu in pub/multimedia/utilities/unix find 
 mpeg_play-2.0.tar.Z.

I find for mono it works best as mpeg_play -dither threshold 
   though you can use            mpeg_play -dither mono

Face it, this is not be the best viewing situation.

Also someone has made a patch for mpeg_play that gives two more mono
modes  (mono2 and halftone).

They are by jan@pandonia.canberra.edu.au (Jan Newmarch).
And the patch can be found on csc.canberra.edu.au (137.92.1.1) under
/pub/motif/mpeg2.0.mono.patch.


Leon Dent
lcd@umcc.umich.edu
 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38287
From: mtoivakk@abo.fi (Martti Toivakka PAP)
Subject: Compiled version of VOGL-library for PC?


Has anybody compiled VOGL-graphics library
for IBM-PC? I need to call it from MS-Fortran
but don't have MS-C to compile the sources.

Thanks for any help...


martti toivakka
mtoivakk@abo.fi


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38288
From: sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543))
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Has anyone got multiverse to work ?

I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.

There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
(After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
setting to static - else the client core-dumped)

Steve
-- 

         Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
| Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
| Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
| Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
         (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38289
From: ederveen@athena.research.ptt.nl (Ederveen D.)
Subject: Micro World Data Bank II ?

I'm looking for a database called "Micro World Data Bank II", a database
with digital map information containing 178,068 latitude, longitude points.
It is said to be in the public domain. If anyone knows a place where I can
get it (preferably FTP/gopher/mailserver etc.; otherwise snail mail) please
let me know. I you have it yourself and are willing to send me the file,
drop me a line.

I'll be using it with a program called VERSAMAP by Charles H. Culberson.
If anyone knows of another detailed database that can be used with this
program (preferably PD), I would be very interested.

Replies by e-mail please, directly to me, I don't read this group regularly.
If there's interest I'll post a summary, of course.
--
Derk Ederveen                        (FidoNet 2:283/323)  tel. +31-70-3323202
D.N.M.Ederveen@research.ptt.nl / ederveen@hlsdnl5.bitnet  fax. +31-70-3326477
  x400: /c=nl/admd=400net/prmd=ptt research/o=ptt research/s=ederveen/i=dnm
  ** "I wish I was a warrior, in every language that I speak" - Lou Reed **

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38290
From: young@is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp (YOUNG Shio Hong)
Subject: Looking for Dr. Bala R. Vatti's email address

Hi!

I am looking for the email address of the author to
"A Generic Solution to Polygon Clipping", 
Communication of the ACM, July 1992, Vol. 35, No. 7. 
I got information about the author as follows
	Mr. Bala R. Vatti
	LCEC, 65 River Road, Hudson, N.H. 03051
	email: vatti@waynar.lcec.lockheed
I want to get some related and detailed papers about the
same topic from the author. But I failed to send my email 
to the address. Any information is appreciated.

Thank you very much.

Best regards.

S. H. Young
Kunii Lab
Dept. of Information Science
Faculty of Science
University of Tokyo
Bunkyo-Ku, Hongo 7-3-1
113 Tokyo, Japan
email: young@is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38291
From: michael_maier@qmgate.anl.gov (Michael Maier)
Subject: Round VS Elliptical DOT Screens

When using Photoshop is there anyway to get an elliptical dot for the
halftone screen rather than a round dot ? My printer would prefer an
elliptical dot, but I'm not sure how to set it up. I'm sending from a Mac
IIci to a Linotronic L300 imagesetter and I am using Photoshop 2.0.1 to
make my separations.

Any help would be greatly appreshed. T.I.A. 

Michael (Unscene) 


Michael Maier, Computer Artist, ANL  |  [|]---*Z* Glued to the veiw.      
            
Email michael_maier@qmgate.anl.gov   | "TV is the milk of Amnesia."  
Phone 708 252 5298                   |  Michael Maier

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38292
From: spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

In article <30523@hacgate.SCG.HAC.COM> lee@luke.rsg.hac.com (C. Lee) writes:
>The original posting complained (1) about SGI coming out with newer (and
>better) architectures and not having an upgrade path from the older ones,
>and (2) that DEC did.

No.  That's *not* what I was complaining about, nor did I intend to
suggest that DEC was any better than SGI (let me tell you about the
Lynx some day, but be prepared with a large sedative if you do...).  My
comment regarding DEC was to indicate that I might be open to other vendors
that supported OpenGL, rather than deal further with SGI.

What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
for a while, rather than being flushed.

Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
getting boned in the process.

Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs
and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.
The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond.  That
means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).

Now you'll have to pardon me while I go off and hiss and fume in a
corner somewhere and think dark, libelous thoughts.

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"My other car is a car, too."
                 - Bumper strip seen on I-805

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38293
From: cheinan@access.digex.com (Cheinan Marks)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

: Robert G. Carpenter writes:

: >Hi Netters,
: >
: >I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
: >some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
: >
: >Can you please offer some recommendations?
: >
: >I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
: >
: >Thanks
: >
: >(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
: >
: >Bob Carpenter
: >

The following is extracted from sumex-aim.stanford.edu.  It should also be on
the mirrors.  I think there is source for some applications that may have some
bearing on your project.  Poke around the source directory.  I've never used
this package, nor do I know anyone who did, but the price is right :-)

Hope this helps.

					Cheinan

Abstracts of files as of Thu Apr  1 03:11:39 PST 1993
Directory: info-mac/source

#### BINHEX     3d-grafsys-121.hqx   ****

Date: Fri, 5 Mar 93 14:13:07 +0100
From: Christian Steffen Ove Franz <cfranz@iiic.ethz.ch>
To: questions@mac.archive.umich.edu
Subject: 3d GrafSys 1.21 in incoming directory
A 3d GrafSys short description follows:

Programmers 3D GrafSys Vers 1.21 now available. 

Version 1.21 is mainly a bugfix for THINK C users. THIS VERSION
NOW RUNS WITH THINK C, I PROMISE! The Docs now contain a chapter for
C programmers on how to use the GrafSys. If you have problems, feel free 
to contact me.
The other change is that I removed the FastPerfTrig calls from
the FPU version to make it run faster.

Those of you who don't know what all this is about, read on.

********

Programmers 3D GrafSys -- What it is:
-------------------------------------

Didn't you always have this great game in mind where you needed some way of 
drawing three-dimensional scenes? 

Didn't you always want to write this program that visualized the structure 
of three-dimensional molecules?

And didn't the task of writing your 3D conversions routines keep you from 
actually doing it?

Well if the answer to any of the above questions is 'Yes, but what has it to 
do with this package???' , read on.

GrafSys is a THINK Pascal/C library that provides you with simple routines 
for building, saving, loading (as resources), and manipulating 
(independent rotating around arbitrary achses, translating and scaling) 
three dimensional objects. Objects, not just simple single-line drawings.

GrafSys supports full 3D clipping, animation and some (primitive) hidden-
line/hidden-surface drawing with simple commands from within YOUR PROGRAM.

GrafSys also supports full eye control with both perspective and parallel
projections (If you can't understand a word, don't worry, this is just showing
off for those who know about it. The docs that come with it will try to explain
what it all means later on). 

GrafSys provides a powerful interface to supply your own drawing routines with
data so you can use GrafSys to do the 3D transformations and your own routines
to do the actual drawing. (Note that GrafSys also provides drawing routines so
you don't have to worry about that if you don't want to)

GrafSys 1.11 comes in two versions. One for the 881 and 020 or above 
processors. The other version uses fixed-point arithmetic and runs on any Mac.
Both versions are *100% source compatibel*. 

GrafSys comes with an extensive manual that teaches you the fundamentals of 3D
graphics and how to use the package.

If demand is big enough I will convert the GrafSys to an object-class library. 
However, I feelt that the way it is implemented now makes it easier to use for
a lot more people than the select 'OOP-Guild'.

GrafSys is free for any non-commercial usage. Read the documentation enclosed.


Enjoy,
Christian Franz

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38294
From: Peter.vanderveen@visser.el.wau.nl  (Peter van der Veen)
Subject: Re: Fonts in POV??

In Article <1qg9fc$et9@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au> "g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)" says:
> 
> 
> 	I have seen several ray-traced scenes (from MTV or was it 
> RayShade??) with stroked fonts appearing as objects in the image.
> The fonts/chars had color, depth and even textures associated with
> them.  Now I was wondering, is it possible to do the same in POV??
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Noel
> 
Yes, there are serveral programs which can convert font files (eq the Borland
fonts) to objects consisting of spheres, cones etc. 
I've used a program (forgot its name/place, but i can look for it) which
converted these Borland fonts to three different raytracers. Vivid, POV and
Polyray (which i like more (more flexibel/faster/use of expressions etc).
The program has a lot nice features.
So if interested give me a mail.

 /*---------*\*/*-------------------------------------------*\
 *|  ____/|  *|*    PETER.VANDERVEEN@VISSER.EL.WAU.NL       |*
 *|  \ o.O|  *|*    Department of Genetics                  |*
 *|   =(_)=  *|*    Agricultural University                 |*
 *|     U    *|*    Wageningen, The Netherlands             |*
 \*---------*/*\*-------------------------------------------*/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38295
From: Geoffrey_Hansen@mindlink.bc.ca (Geoffrey Hansen)
Subject: Re: VESA on the Speedstar 24

Using the VMODE command, all you need to do is type VMODE VESA at the dos
prompt. VMODE is included with the Speedstar 24.  I have used the VESA mode
for autodesk animator pro.

--
   <=================================================|
             |     geoffrey_hansen@mindlink.bc.ca    |
             |=================================================>
 "Inumerable confusions and a feeling of despair invariably emerge
  in periods of great technological and cultural transition."
                                                     Marshall McLuhan


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38296
From: ruocco@ghost.dsi.unimi.it (sergio ruocco)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software


I don't have nor Imagine nor Real 3d, but as old
Amiga user I think you should take a look also to 
Real 3d 2.0 for the Amiga. I saw Imagine 2.0 on the
Amiga for a long time at my friend's home, and
I've seen R3D 2.0 in action at Bit.Movie 93 in Riccione,
Italy (an Italian Computer Graphics Contest).
Many professionals using 3d Studio on PC, SoftImage
for Silicon Graphics and Imagine on the Amiga were 
*VERY IMPRESSED* by the power of this programs.
Sorry, I've lost the posting with full description 
of features of this great program.

For more informations give a look in comp.sys.amiga.graphics.

Representative of Activa International told me that
it will be out in 2 weeks for the Amiga and that
PC MS-Windows, Silicon Indigo and Unix version are 
under development.

Ciao,
	Sergio




-- 
Sergio Ruocco - ruocco@ghost.sm.dsi.unimi.it
Via Di Vittorio, 4
I-20019 Settimo Milanese Milano
Phone: 0039-2-3283896

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38297
From: george@ccmail.larc.nasa.gov (George M. Brown)
Subject: Re: PCX

In article <1993Apr14.220100.17867@freenet.carleton.ca> ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle) writes:
>From: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle)
>Subject: PCX
>Date: Wed, 14 Apr 1993 22:01:00 GMT
>
>Hello
>	HELP!!! please
>		I am a student of turbo c++ and graphics programming
>	and I am having some problems finding algorithms and code
>	to teach me how to do some stuff..
>
>	1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
>	to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?
>
>	2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
>	so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
>	800x600x256
>	3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?
>
>Thanks very much !
>
>send reply's to : Palm@snycanva.bitnet
>
>Peace be
>Blessed be
>Stephen Palm

A book that I can somewhat recommend is :
                     
                     Pratical Image Processing in C
                     by Craig A. Lindley
                     published by Wiley

It addresses reading/writing to/from PCX/TIFF files; image acquisition, 
manipulation and storage; and has source code in the book. The source is 
primarily written in Turbo C and naturally has conversion possibilities. I 
have converted some of it to Quick C. Naturally, the code has some problems 
in the book - as usuall. Typos, syntax, etc. are problems. It can be a good 
learning experience for someone who is studying C. There is also a companion 
disk with source available for order and $50.00. Overall, the book is not 
bad. I acquired the book at WaldenSoftware.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38298
From: rschmitt@shearson.com (Robert Schmitt)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library F

What hardware do plan to run on?  Workstation or PC?  Cost level?
Run-time licensing needs?

Bob
------------------------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Schmitt | Applied Derivatives Technology | Lehman Brothers
rschmitt@shearson.com



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38299
From: weber@sipi.usc.edu (Allan G. Weber)
Subject: Need help with Mitsubishi P78U image printer

Our group recently bought a Mitsubishi P78U video printer and I could use some
help with it.  We bought this thing because it (1) has a parallel data input in
addition to the usual video signal inputs and (2) claimed to print 256 gray
level images.  However, the manual that came with it only describes how to
format the parallel data to print 1 and 4 bit/pixel images.  After some initial
problems with the parallel interface I now have this thing running from a
parallel port of an Hewlett-Packard workstation and I can print 1 and 4
bit/pixel images just fine.  I called the Mitsubishi people and asked about the
256 level claim and they said that was only available when used with the video
signal inputs.  This was not mentioned in the sales literature.  However they
did say the P78U can do 6 bit/pixel (64 level) images in parallel mode, but
they didn't have any information about how to program it to do so, and they
would call Japan, etc.

Frankly, I find it hard to believe that if this thing can do 8 bit/pixel images
from the video source, it can't store 8 bits/pixel in the memory.  It's not
like memory is that expensive any more.  If anybody has any information on
getting 6 bit/pixel (or even 8 bit/pixel) images out of this thing, I would
greatly appreciate your sending it to me.

Thanks.

Allan Weber
Signal & Image Processing Institute
University of Southern California
weber@sipi.usc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38300
From: renggli@masg1.epfl.ch (loris renggli)
Subject: Need graph display/edit

I am looking for a program that is capable of displaying a graph
with nodes and links and with the possibility to edit interactively
the graph : add one node, change one link etc...

Actually, a very _simple_ X11 program would be ok; all I need is to
put some "boxes" (i.e. the nodes ) on a pane and be able to
manipulate them with the mouse (move, add or delete boxes).

Does anyone know if such program is available ?
Thanks for any help !!

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Loris RENGGLI                          phone  : +41-21-6934230
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology  fax    : +41-21-6934303
Math. Dept
CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)         e-mail : renggli@masg1.epfl.ch


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38301
From: Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu>
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.

Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
dynamic material.
========================================================================
Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38302
Subject: XGA-2 info?
From: rleberle@sparc2.cstp.umkc.edu (Rainer Leberle)

Hi,
has anyone more info about the XGA-2 chipset?
HW-funcs, TrueColor, Resolutions,...
Any boards with XGA-2 out yet?

thanks
Rainer

-- 
Rainer Leberle	                           rleberle@sparc2.cstp.umkc.edu
University of Kansas City, MO  

>> New mail from clinton@whitehouse.dc.gov - (No Subject Specified)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38303
From: highlndr@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (The Highlander)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

cptully@med.unc.edu (Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699) writes:

>Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
>about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
>help define or critique the spec.

HEAR HEAR!!!

>Finally, a little numerology:  42 is 24 backwards, and TIFF is a 24 bit
>image format...

REALLY? i thought that the reason it was 42 was that it is REALLY 24, but
written as 42 so that on Intel chips you could get the proper value :)

-pete

help stomp out the endian wars... break some eggs on their sides!

-- 
Peter Mueller (TheBishop)          | When a person commits a violation and sins
highlndr@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu          | unintentionally in regard to any of the
pmueller@mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu      | Lord's holy things, he is to bring to the
                                   | Lord as a penalty, a ram from the flock...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38304
From: mogal@deadhead.asd.sgi.com (Joshua Mogal)
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

|> My
|> comment regarding DEC was to indicate that I might be open to other
|> vendors
|> that supported OpenGL, rather than deal further with SGI.

OpenGL is a graphics programming library and as such is a great, portable
interface for the development of interactive 3D graphics applications. It
is not, however, an indicator of performance, as that will vary strongly
from machine to machine and vendor to vendor.  SGI is committed to high
performance interactive graphics systems and software tools, so OpenGL
means that you can port easily from SGI to other platforms, there is no
guarantee that your performance would be comparable.

|> 
|> What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
|> we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
|> Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

If your sales representative truly mislead you, then you should have a
valid grievance against us which you should carry up to your local SGI
sales management team. Feel free to contact the local branch manager...we
understand that repeat sales come from satisfied customers, so give it a
shot.

|> 
|> I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
|> previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
|> for a while, rather than being flushed.

As one of the previous posts stated, the Personal IRIS was introduced in
1988 and grew to include the 4D/20, 4D/25, 4D/30 and 4D/35 as clock rates
sped up over time. As a rule of thumb, SGI platforms live for about 4-5
years. This was true of the motorola-based 3000 series ('85-'89), the PI
('88-'93), the Professional Series (the early 4D's - '86-'90), the Power
Series parallel systems ('88-'93). Individual CPU subsystems running at a
particular clock rate usually live for about 2 years. New graphics
architectures at the high end (GT, VGX, RealityEngine) are released every
18 months to 2 years.

These are the facts of life.  If we look at these machines, they become
almost archaic after four years, and we have to come out with a new
platform (like Indigo, Onyx, Challenge) which has higher bus bandwidths,
faster CPUs, faster graphics and I/O, and larger disk capacities. If we
don't, we become uncompetitive.

From the user perspective, you have to buy a machine that meets your
current needs and makes economic sense today.  You can't wait to buy, but
if you need a guaranteed upgrade path for the machine, ask the Sales Rep
for one in writing. If it's feasible, they should be able to do that. Some
of our upgrade paths have specific programs associated with them, such as
the Performance Protection Program for older R3000-based Power Series
multiprocessing systems which allowed purchasers of those systems to obtain
a guaranteed upgrade price for moving to the new Onyx or Challenge
R4400-based 64-bit multiprocessor systems.

|> 
|> Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
|> keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
|> pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
|> just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
|> getting boned in the process.
|> 

If that's happening, it's becausing of misunderstandings or
mis-communication, not because SGI is directly attempting to annoy our
customer base.

|> Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
|> aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
|> for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs
|> and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
|> every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.

Most SGI customers are onesy-twosey types, but regardless, we rarely give a
great deal of notice when we are about to introduce a new system because
again, like a previous post stated, if we pre-announced and the schedule
slipped, we would mess up our potential customers schedules (when they were
counting on the availability of the new systems on a particular date) and
would also look awfully bad to both our investors and the financial
analysts who watch us most carefully to see if we are meeting our
commitments.

|> The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
|> entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond. That
|> means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
|> have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
|> previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
|> vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
|> And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
|> could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
|> supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).
|> 

Five years is an awfully long time in computer years. New processor
technologies are arriving every 1-2 years, making a 5 year old computer at
least 2 and probably 3 generations behind the times. The competitive nature
of the market is demanding that rate of development, so if your timing is
really 5 years between purchases, you have to accept the limited viability
of whatever architecture you buy into from any vendor.

There are some realities about the computer biz that we all have to live
with, but keeping customers happy is the most important, so don't give up,
we know it.

Josh   |:-)

-- 


**************************************************************************
**				     **					**
**	Joshua Mogal		     **	Product Manager			**
**	Advanced Graphics Division   **	  Advanced Graphics Systems	**
**	Silicon Graphics Inc.	     **	Market Manager			**
**	2011 North Shoreline Blvd.   **	  Virtual Reality		**
**	Mountain View, CA 94039-7311 **	  Interactive Entertainment	**
**	M/S 9L-580		     **					**
**				     *************************************
**	Tel:	(415) 390-1460						**
**	Fax:	(415) 964-8671						**
**	E-mail:	mogal@sgi.com						**
**									**
**************************************************************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38305
Subject: Rendering Software for Multi-processor Computer S
From: wcarter@trident.datasys.swri.edu (William Carter)


Hello,

    I am searching for rendering software which has been developed
to specifically take advantage of multi-processor computer systems.
Any pointers to such software would be greatly appreciated.
    
Thanks.

-- 
Billy Carter, Software Engineering Section
Southwest Research Institute
wcarter@swri.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38306
From: lvandyke@balboa.eng.uci.edu (Lee Van Dyke)
Subject: Wanted: map of the world type gifs

Hi, can anyone direct me to map type gifs? 

I am interesting in cartography and would find
these gifs useful.

tia,

--
Lee Van Dyke
      lvandyke@balboa.eng.uci.edu,
UUCP: infotec!Infotec.COM!lee@sunkist.West.Sun.COM

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38307
From: dkennett@fraser.sfu.ca (Daniel Kennett)
Subject: [POV] Having trouble bump mapping a gif to a sphere


Hello,
  I've been trying to bump map a gif onto a sphere for a while and I
can't seem to get it to work.  Image mapping works, but not bump
mapping.  Here's a simple file I was working with, could some kind
soul tell me whats wrong with this.....

#include "colors.inc"
#include "shapes.inc"
#include "textures.inc"
 
camera {
  location  <0 1 -3>
  direction <0 0 1.5>
  up        <0 1 0>
  right     <1.33 0 0>
  look_at   <0 1 2>
}
 
object { light_source { <2 4 -3> color White }
       }
 
object {
  sphere { <0 1 2> 1 }
   texture {
     bump_map { 1 <0 1 2> gif "surf.gif"}
   }
}

NOTE: surf.gif is a plasma fractal from Fractint that is using the
landscape palette map.

  
	Thanks in advance
	   -Daniel-

*======================================================================* 
| Daniel Kennett	 		                               |
| dkennett@sfu.ca          		   			       |
| "Our minds are finite, and yet even in those circumstances of        |
|  finitude, we are surrounded by possibilities that are infinite, and |
|  the purpose of human life is to grasp as much as we can out of that |
|  infinitude." - Alfred North Whitehead                               |  
*======================================================================*

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38308
From: talluri@osage.csc.ti.com (Raj Talluri)
Subject: Point of intersection of n lines

Hi,

Can anybody suggest robust algorithms/code for computing the point of intersection
on n, 2-d lines in a plane. The data has outliers and hence a simple least squares
technique does not seem to provide satifactory results.

Please respond by e-mail and I will post the summary to the newsgroups
if there is sufficient interest.

Thanks,

Raj Talluri
Member Technical Staff
Image Understanding Branch
Texas Instruments
Central Research Labs
Dallas, Texas 75248

talluri@csc.ti.com



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38309
From: lusardi@cs.buffalo.edu (Christopher Lusardi)
Subject: Program Included: 2 Edge Detection Algorithms!

/*

This program doesn't detect edges with compass operators and a laplacian
operator. It should output 2 raw grey-scale images with edges. The output
doesn't look like edges at all.

In novicee terms, how do I correct the errors? Any improvements are welcome.
(I'll even accept your corrected code.)

(If I convolve the INPUT.IMAGE with a digital gaussian [7 by 7] to remove
noise, will I get an improvement with the laplacian.)

--------------------------2 types of edge detection-------------------------*/
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <math.h> 

#define IMAGEWIDTH 300
#define IMAGEHEIGHT 300

unsigned char Input_Image [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];

unsigned char Angles_Wanted [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];
unsigned char Magnitude_Image [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];

int Laplace_Op1 [3][3] = { 0,-1, 0, -1,4,-1,  0,-1, 0};

int Compass_Op1 [3][3] = { 1, 1, 1,  0,0, 0, -1,-1,-1};
int Compass_Op2 [3][3] = { 1, 1, 0,  1,0,-1,  0,-1,-1};
int Compass_Op3 [3][3] = { 1, 0,-1,  1,0,-1,  1, 0,-1};
int Compass_Op4 [3][3] = { 0,-1,-1,  1,0,-1,  1, 1, 0};
int Compass_Op5 [3][3] = {-1,-1,-1,  0,0, 0,  1, 1, 1};
int Compass_Op6 [3][3] = {-1,-1, 0, -1,0, 1,  0, 1, 1};
int Compass_Op7 [3][3] = {-1, 0, 1, -1,0, 1, -1, 0, 1};
int Compass_Op8 [3][3] = { 0, 1, 1, -1,0, 1, -1,-1, 0};

void Compass (row,col)
int row,col;
{
  int value;
  int op_rows, op_cols;
  int Compass1,Compass2,Compass3,Compass4;
  int Compass5,Compass6,Compass7,Compass8;
  
  Compass1 = Compass2 = Compass3 = Compass4 = 0;
  Compass5 = Compass6 = Compass7 = Compass8 = 0;
  
  for (op_rows = -1; op_rows < 2; op_rows++)
    for (op_cols = -1; op_cols < 2; op_cols++)
      {
	if (((row + op_rows) >= 0) && ((col + op_cols) >= 0))
	  {
	    
	    Compass1 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op1 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass2 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op2 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass3 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op3 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass4 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op4 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass5 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op5 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass6 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op6 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass7 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op7 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass8 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op8 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    
	  }
      }
  if (Compass1 < Compass2)
    value = Compass2;
  else 
    value = Compass1;      
  if (value < Compass3)
    value = Compass3;
  if (value < Compass4)
    value = Compass4;
  if (value < Compass5)
    value = Compass5;
  if (value < Compass6)
    value = Compass6;
  if (value < Compass7)
    value = Compass7;
  if (value < Compass8)
    value = Compass8;

  Magnitude_Image [row][col] = (char) value;
}

void Laplace1 (row,col)
int row,col;
{
  int op_rows, op_cols;

  Magnitude_Image [row][col] = 0;
  for (op_rows = -1; op_rows < 2; op_rows++)
    for (op_cols = -1; op_cols < 2; op_cols++)
      if (((row + op_rows) >= 0) && ((col + op_cols) >= 0))
	Magnitude_Image [row][col] = 
	  (char) ((int)Magnitude_Image [row][col] +
		  ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols] * 
		   Laplace_Op1 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1]));
}

main  ()
{
  FILE *Original_Image_fp;
  FILE *Laplace1_mag_fp,*Laplace2_mag_fp,*Laplace3_mag_fp;
  FILE *Compass_mag_fp;

  int row, col, Algo_Count;

  Original_Image_fp = fopen ("INPUT.IMAGE","rb");

  Laplace1_mag_fp = fopen ("Laplace1_Magnitude","wb");
  Compass_mag_fp = fopen ("Compass_Magnitude","wb");

  fread ((unsigned char *) Input_Image,sizeof(unsigned char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Original_Image_fp);
  for (Algo_Count = 0; Algo_Count < 2;Algo_Count ++)
    {
      for (row = 0; row < IMAGEHEIGHT; row++) 
	for (col = 0; col < IMAGEWIDTH; col++) 
	  if (!Algo_Count)
	    Laplace1 (row,col);
	  else 
	    Compass (row,col);
      
      if (!Algo_Count)
	fwrite(Magnitude_Image,sizeof(char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Laplace1_mag_fp);
      else 
	fwrite(Magnitude_Image,sizeof(char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Compass_mag_fp);
    }
}

  
-- 
|  .-,                ###|For a lot of .au music: ftp sounds.sdsu.edu
| /   /   __  ,  _    ###|then cat file.au > /dev/audio
| \_>/ >_/ (_/\_/<>_     |UB library catalog:telnet bison.acsu.buffalo.edu
|_                14261 _|(When in doubt ask: xarchie, xgopher, or xwais.)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38310
From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Hi Steve,

As the author of Multiverse, I feel I had better respond to your
mailnote questioning whether anyone had managed to compile this
software - the quick answer is yes! The long answer is yes - but a
few have had a few problems with their platforms - not all unix's are
the same, you know! As far as "many bugs" go, it would probably be more
useful to everyone (including you) if you were a bit more explicit! :-)

Platforms it has succesfully compiled and run on are: RS6000, Dec Ultrix
Sun Solaris so it is possible.

The main problem is that I don't have access to other platforms than the
RS6000, so if there are portability problems then the only way I hear
about them is by people letting me know and giving me a clue as to
how to fix it.

As far as the software not doing anything, do you really think I would
bother releasing it, if that was the case? Perhaps you didn't read the
few docs that ARE supplied. The dogfight world is made up of clients
only, so if you're in there on your own, then you're not going to see
anything! The dactyl world has quite a lot of scenary - so if you don't
see anything there, then this is definitely a problem!

One final word - if you're not interested, don't bother with it.
If you are interested, then please remember that I'm not asking for
any money! So why not try a little patience and constructive criticism,
maybe that will get results??

Robert.
robert@acsc.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38311
From: <NT3QC@CUNYVM.BITNET>
Subject: RE: Hot new 3D software

I don't think speed has been determined, since it has never run on Intel chips.
But on the Amiga's Motorola Chips, it was one of the fastest true 'Ray Tracers'

I don't think Impulse would port it over and not take speed into consideration.

In terms of features, and learning curve... ALL that you stated for 3DS is also
true for Imagine, and lots more... But I'll have to admit that after 3 years of
use on the Amiga, the learning curve is very steep. This is due ONLY to the
manual. It is realy BAD. However, there is a lot of after market support for
this product, including regular 'Tips' articles in many magazines such as "AVID
and a great book by Steve Worley called "Understanding Imagine 2.0" This book i
is not just recommened, IT IS A MUST!

I think an important consideration should be price......
$3000 for 3DS (Not including "tool" packages)
Under $500 for Imagine complete.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38312
From: spencer@med.umich.edu (Spencer W. Thomas)
Subject: Re: cylinder and ray


Sketch:  Rotate so cylinder axis is || Z axis.

Intersect X/Y projection of line with projected cylinder (similar to,
but easier than, sphere intersection).  Result: no intersection, one
intersection, or two intersections, parameterized along line by t0 and
t1.  Now look at Z, and compute intersections of line with top and
bottom planes of cylinder.  This gives t0' and t1'.  The interval of
intersection is then the bit of the line from [t0,t1] INTERSECT [t0',t1'].

Details left as an exercise for the reader.

=S
--
=Spencer W. Thomas 		|  Info Tech and Networking, B1911 CFOB, 0704
   "Genome Informatician"	|  Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Spencer.W.Thomas@med.umich.edu	|  313-764-8065, FAX 313-764-4133

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38313
From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)
Subject: Sphere from 4 points?

Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Thanks,
Ed


-- 
Ed Bolson
University of Washington  Cardiovascular Research               (206)543-4535
bolson@u.washington.edu (preferred)
bolson@max.bitnet                bolson@milton.u.washington.edu (if you must)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38314
Subject: [ANNOUNCE] Ivan Sutherland to speak at Harvard
From: eekim@husc11.harvard.edu (Eugene Kim)

The Harvard Computer Society is pleased to announce its third lecture of
the spring.  Ivan Sutherland, the father of computer graphics and an
innovator in microprocessing, will be speaking at Harvard University on
Tuesday, April 20, 1993, at 4:00 pm in Aiken Computations building, room
101.  The title of his talk is "Logical Effort and the Conflict over the
Control of Information."

Cookies and tea will be served at 3:30 pm in the Aiken Lobby.  Admissions
is free, and all are welcome.

Aiken is located north of the Science Center near the Law School.

For more information, send e-mail to eekim@husc.harvard.edu.

The lecture will be videotaped, and a tape will be made available.

Thanks.

-- 
Eugene Kim '96                     |   "Give me a place to stand, and I will
INTERNET: eekim@husc.harvard.edu   |    move the earth."        --Archimedes

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38315
From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: windows imagine??!!


Has ANYONE who has ordered the new PC version of Imagine ACTUALLY recieved
it yet?   I'm just about ready to order but reading posts about people still
awaiting delivery are making me a little paranoid.  Has anyone actually 
held this piece of software in their own hands?

Later,

Jim Nobles


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38316
From: morley@suncad.camosun.bc.ca (Mark Morley)
Subject: VGA Mode 13h Routines Available

Hi there,

I've made a VGA mode 13h graphics library available via FTP.  I originally
wrote the routines as a kind of exercise for myself, but perhaps someone
here will find them useful.  They are certainly useable as they are, but
are missing some higher-level functionality.  They're intended more as an
intro to mode 13h programming, a starting point.

*** The library assumes a 386 processor, but it is trivial to modify it
*** for a 286.  If enough people ask, I'll make the mods and re-post it as a
*** different version.

The routines are written in assembly (TASM) and are callable from C.  They
are fairly simple, but I've found them to be very fast (for my purposes,
anyway).  Routines are included to enter and exit mode 13h, define a
"virtual screen", put and get pixels, put a pixmap (rectangular image with
no transparent spots), put a sprite (image with see-thru areas), copy
areas of the virtual screen into video memory, etc.  I've also included a
simple C routine to draw a line, as well as a C routine to load a 256
color GIF image into a buffer.  I also wrote a quick'n'dirty(tm) demo program
that bounces a bunch of sprites around behind three "windows".

The whole package is available on spang.camosun.bc.ca in /pub/dos/vgl.zip 
It is zipped with pkzip 2.04g

It is completely in the public domain, as far as I'm concerned.  Do with
it whatever you like.  However, it'd be nice to get credit where it's due,
and maybe an e-mail telling me you like it (if you don't like it don't bother)

Mark
morley@camosun.bc.ca

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38317
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

I searched the U Mich archives fairly thoroughly for 3D graphics packages,
I always thought it to be a mirror of sumex-aim.stanford.edu... I was wrong.
I'll look into GrafSys... it does sound interesting!

Thanks Cheinan.

BobC



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38318
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library F

Sorry about not mentioning platform... my original post was to mac.programmer,
and then decided to post here to comp.graphics.

I'd like the 3D software to run on primarily Mac in either C, Object Pascal
(Think or MPW). But, I'll port to Windows later, so a package that runs on
Mac and has a Windows version would be ideal.

I'm looking for a package that has low upfront costs, and reasonable licensing
costs... of course :)

BobC



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38319
From: steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>
>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Wouldn't this require a hyper-sphere.  In 3-space, 4 points over specifies
a sphere as far as I can see.  Unless that is you can prove that a point
exists in 3-space that is equi-distant from the 4 points, and this may not
necessarily happen.

Correct me if I'm wrong (which I quite possibly am!)

steve
---



-- 
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Steven Collins			| email: steve@crl.hitachi.co.jp |
| Visiting Computer Graphics Researcher	| phone: (0423)-23-1111 	 |
| Hitachi Central Research Lab. Tokyo.	| fax:   (0423)-27-7742		 |

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38320
From: spworley@netcom.com (Steve Worley)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:

>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

It's not a bad question: I don't have any refs that list this algorithm
either. But thinking about it a bit, it shouldn't be too hard.

1) Take three of the points and find the plane they define as well as
the circle that they lie on (you say you have this algorithm already)

2) Find the center  of this circle. The line passing through this center
perpendicular to the plane of the three points passes through the center of
the sphere.

3) Repeat with the unused point and two of the original points. This
gives you two different lines that both pass through the sphere's
origin. Their interection is the center of the sphere.

4) the radius is easy to compute, it's just the distance from the center to
any of the original points.

I'll leave the math to you, but this is a workable algorithm. :-)


An alternate method would be to take pairs of points: the plane formed
by the perpendicular bisector of each line segment pair also contains the
center of the sphere. Three pairs will form three planes, intersecting
at a point. This might be easier to implement.

-Steve
spworley@netcom.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38321
From: HURH@FNAL.FNAL.GOV (Patrick Hurh)
Subject: Rayshade to DXF,RIB,etc.. (Strata)?

I'm a mac user who wants to use some of the rayshade models I've built
using macrayshade (rayshade-M) with Stratavision 3d.  Since Stratavision
can import many different model files I thought this would be a cinch...
but I haven't been able to find a simple translator that will work on the
mac.  Any ideas?

Stratavision 3d should be able to import:

DXF
MiniCAD
Super 3d
Swivel 3d professional

out of the box and:

RIB
IGS

with externals.

Also, if anyone knows of any other translator externals available for
Stratavision 3d (esp. Rayshade!) please e-mail me!

BTW, I'm going to send mail to the rayshade usrs mailing list tomorrow (I
misplaced the address) but since most users of rayshade do not seem to
operate with macs, I'm not getting my hopes up...

thanks in advance,

--patrick.                hurh@fnal.fnal.gov

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38323
From: dkusswur@falcon.depaul.edu (Daniel C. Kusswurm)
Subject: Siggraph 1987 Course Notes

I am looking for a copy of the following Siggraph publication: Gomez, J.E.
"Comments on Event Driven Annimation," Siggraph Course Notes, 10, 1987.

If anyone knows of a location where I can obtain a copy of these notes, I
would appreciate if they could let me know.  Thanks.

dkusswur@falcon.depaul.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38324
From: bbs.mirage@tsoft.net (Jerry Lee)
Subject: Cobra 2.0 1-b-1 Video card HELP ME!!!!

Does ANYONE out there in Net-land have any information on the Cobra 2.20 
card?  The sticker on the end of the card reads
        Model: Cobra 1-B-1
        Bios:  Cobra v2.20

I Havn't been able to find anything about it from anyone!  If you have 
any information on how to get a hold of the company which produces the 
card or know where any drivers are for it, PLEASE let me know!

As far as I can tell, it's a CGA card that is taking up 2 of my 16-bit 
ISA slots but when I enable the test patterns, it displays much more than 
the usualy 4 CGA colors... At least 16 from what I can count.. Thanks!

              .------------------------------------------.
              : Internet: jele@eis.calstate.edu          :
              :           bbs.mirage@gilligan.tsoft.net  :
              :           bbs.mirage@tsoft.sf-bay.org    :
              :           mirage@thetech.com             :
              : UUCP    : apple.com!tsoft!bbs.mirage     :
              `------------------------------------------'
 
                    Computer and Video Imaging Major

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38325
From: Lars.Jorgensen@p7.syntax.bbs.bad.se (Lars Jorgensen)
Subject: Externel processes for 3D Studio

To:All

Hi,

Does anybody have the source code to the externel processes that comes with 3D 
Studio, and mabe som kind of DOC for writing the processes your self.


/Lars

+++ Author: Lars_Jorgensen@p7.syntax.bbs.bad.se, Syntax BBS, Denmark

--- GoldED 2.41

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38326
From: valo@cvtstu.cvt.stuba.cs (Valo Roman)
Subject: Re: Text Recognition software availability

In article <C4IHqM.7v3@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
|> One more time: is there any >free< OCR software out there?
|>
|> I ask this question periodically and haven't found anything.  This is
|> the last time.  If I don't find anything, I'm going to write some
|> myself.
|> 
|> Post here or email me if you have any leads or suggestions, else just
|> sit back and wait for me. :)
|> 
|> ab

I'm not sure if this is free or shareware, but you can try to look to wsmrsimtel20.army.mil,
directory PD1:<MSDOS.DESKPUB>  file OCR104.ZIP .
From the file SIMIBM.LST :
OCR104.ZIP    B   93310  910424  Optical character recognition for scanners.

Hope this helps.

Roman Valo                                                          valo@cvt.stuba.cs
Slovak Technical University
Bratislava 
Slovakia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38327
From: johne@iti.gov.sg (Dr. John S. Eickemeyer)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Off the top of my head, I might try:

Given: p_1, p_2, p_3, p_4

Find:  p_c (center of sphere determined by p_1, ..., p_4), 
       dist(p_c, p_i) (radius)

p_c is the same distance from our four points, so
dist(p_c,p_1) = dist(p_c,p_2) = dist(p_c,p_3) = dist(p_c,p_4) 

Of course, we can square the whole thing to get rid of square roots:
distsq(p_c,p_1) = distsq(p_c,p_2) = distsq(p_c,p_3) = distsq(p_c,p_4) 

Plug in the variables into the distance formula, simplify, and the 
x^2_c, y^2_c, and z^2_c terms cancel out, leaving you with three 
linearly independent equations and three unknowns (x_c, y_c, z_c).  
Solve using your favorite method.  :)


All the best,

- John :)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. John S. Eickemeyer                 ::     "The Lord God is subtle,
Information Technology Institute      ::::     but malicious He is not."
National Computer Board, Singapore     ::
Email: johne@iti.gov.sg                ::                     - Albert Einstein
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38328
From: neideck@nestvx.enet.dec.com (Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

The 68070 is a variation of the 68010 that was done a few years ago by
the European partners of Motorola. It has some integrated I/O controllers
and half a MMU, but otherwise it's a 68010. Think of it the same as
the 8086 and 80186 were.

		Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz

Distributed Multimedia Group, CEC Karlsruhe          EERP Portfolio Manager
Software Motion Pictures & BERKOM II Project         Multimedia Base Technology
Digital Equipment Corporation
neidecker@nestvx.enet.dec.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38329
From: rcomg@melomys.co.rmit.oz.AU (Mark Gregory)
Subject: AVI file format?


Hi,
	would someone please email the new AVI file
	format.  I'm sure that many people would 
like to know what it is exactly.

Thank you


Mark Gregory Lecturer m.gregory@rmit.edu.au PH(03)6603243 FAX(03)6621060
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology,
Department of Communication and Electronic Engineering,
P.O. Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001. AUSTRALIA.
--
Mark Gregory Lecturer m.gregory@rmit.edu.au PH(03)6603243 FAX(03)6621060
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology,
Department of Communication and Electronic Engineering,
P.O. Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001. AUSTRALIA.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38330
From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

dutc0006@student.tc.umn.edu writes in article <C5G7qB.BMp@news2.cis.umn.edu>:
> >
> >Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
> >support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
> >My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
> >due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)
> >
> >--
> >I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
> >             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)
> 
> 	Ahh no.  Possibly you punched in the wrong numbers on your
> calculator.  256 color modes take a byte per pixel so 640 time 480 is
> 307,200 which is 300k to be exact.  640x400x256 only takes 250k but I
> don't think it is a BIOS mode.  I wouldn't bet that all VGA cards can do
> that either.  If a VGA card has 512k I bet it can do both 640x400 and
> 640x480.  That by definition is SVGA, though not very high SVGA.
> 

Yes, I did punch in the wrong numbers (working too many late nites).  I
intended on stating 640x400 is 256,000 bytes.  It's not in the bios, just my
VESA TSR.

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38331
From: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter)
Subject: CView answers

A very kind soul has mailed me this reply for the bugs in CView.
Since he isn't in the position to post this himself, he asked me to post
it for him, but to leave his name out. So here it comes:

CView has quite a number of bugs.  The one you mention is perhaps the most
annoying, but not the most dangerous.  As far as I can determine, it has to
do with the temp files that CView creates.  CView gives the user no control
over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
"current directory".  The problem you mention occurs (as far as I can tell)
when it runs out of disk space for its temp files. It seems as if CView
doesn't check properly for this situation.  As Cview decodes a jpeg, it seems 
to write out a temp file with all the pixel data with 24 bit colour
information. Then, for 8 bit displays, it does the "dithering", again writing
another file with the 8 bit colour information.  While it is writing this
second file, it also writes the data to your colour card. Then when it does
the last chunk of 8 bit data, it recopies all the data from the 8 bit file to
your screen again.  (It does this last "recopy" operation for its
"fit to screen" feature, even when this feature is not enabled.)

 The result of this process is the following:
  
     1) If it runs out of disk space when writing the first 24 bit file, all
        you ever see is as much data as it has room for, and the last bit of
        data is simply repeated over and over again because CView never
        realizes the disk has filled up and disk writes/reads aren't performed.

     2) If it has enough room for the 24 bit data, but runs out of room for
        the 8 bit data, you see almost all of the picture as it does the
        dithering and writes to the screen card.
        However, then when it finishes the dithering and recopies the data
        from the 8 bit file to screen (for whatever reason it does this)
        one again just gets a repetition of the last chunk of data for which
        there was room on the disk.

This is just a guess, but probably fairly accurate.  At least the general
idea is on track I think, although I have probably made errors in details
about file I/O etc.  The way around this is  of course to clear up sufficient
disk space.  The temp files for large JPEG's (1200x900 and bigger) can be
very large (3 Meg + 1 Meg ).  On some of the largest I have needed in excess
of 6 Meg free disk space.


CView has a much more serious bug: if you are trying to display a file from
a floppy, and you change floppies while CView has some temp file open on the
floppy, then CView in certain circumstances will write the directory (and FAT
table? I can't remember) for the removed floppy onto the newly inserted
floppy, thus corruptimg the new floppy in a very serious, possibly
unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
program to do this.  On the other hand, when choosing files in the Open Files
menu, CView insists on doing a few disk reads every time one moves the
hi-lighter square.  Incredibly annoying when it could do them all at once
when it gets the directory info.  And really, how much effort does it take to
sort a directory listing?


With much thanks to the originator of this article.
 +=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=+
 |        Rene Walter          |          renew@stack.urc.tue.nl           |
 +-----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
 | "Will I drown in tears of sorrow, Is there hope for tomorrow,           |
 |  Will this world ever get better, Can't we all just live together       |
 |  I don't wanna live in strife  , I just wanna live my life              |
 |  I deserve to have a future..."                                         |
 |                                     -The Good Girls    "Future"         |
 +=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38332
From: camter28@astro.ocis.temple.edu (Carter Ames)
Subject: Re: alt.raytrace (potential group)




    Yes, please create the group alt.raytrace soon!!
I'm hooked on pov.
geez. like I don't have anything better to do....
OH!! dave letterman is on...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38333
From: g.coulter@daresbury.ac.uk (G. Coulter)
Subject: SHADOW Optical Raytracing Package?

Hi Everyone ::

I am  looking for  some software  called SHADOW as 
far as  I know  its a   simple  raytracer  used in
the  visualization  of  synchrotron   beam  lines.
Now we have  an  old  version of the  program here
,but unfortunately we don't have any documentation
if anyone knows  where I  can  get  some  docs, or
maybe  a  newer  version  of  the program or  even 
another  program that does the same sort of  thing
I would love to hear from you.

PS I think SHADOW was written by a F Cerrina?

Anyone any ideas?

Thanks -Gary- SERC Daresbury Lab.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38334
From: erich@fi.gs.com (Erich Schlaikjer)
Subject: character recognition

  Is there any program available (free or otherwise) for taking a tiff or gif
or some other bitmapped file and turning it (or parts of it) into ascii
characters?

  DOS, OS/2 or platform independent programs if possible.

  Thanks.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38336
From: rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU (Richard Stoakley)
Subject: Need a good concave -> convex polygon algorithm

	We need a good concave ->convex polygon conversion routine.
I've tried a couple without much luck.  Please E-mail responses and I
will post a summary of any replies.  Thank you.

Richard Stoakley
rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38337
From: greg@cs.uct.ac.za (Gregory Torrance)
Subject: Automatic layout of state diagrams

Hi,

I'm hoping someone out there will be able to help our computer science
project group. We are doing computer science honours, and our project
is to do a 'graphical simulator for a finite state automata'.

Basically, the program must draw a diagram of a FSA from a textual grammar,
showing circles for states, and labeled arc's in-between.

The problem is working out the best way to layout the states, and draw the
arc's in-between so that as few arc's as possible cross each other.

If anyone has any suggestions/algorithms/bug-free ready to compile C code :) 
that might help us, it would be much appreciated.

Thanks in advance,

Gregory

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38338
From: ehgasm2@uts.mcc.ac.uk (Simon Marshall)
Subject: How do I compensate for photographic viewpoint and distortion?

Hi to all out there.  We have this problem, and I'm not certain I'm solving it
in the correct way.  I was wondering if anyone can shed light on this, or point
me in the right place to look...

We have an X-ray imaging camera and a metallic tube with a cylindrical hole
passing through it at a right angle to the tube's axis:

                                                          |
                                     ||                   [ image
                                                          |
  X-ray source ]                     ||                   | screen
                            metallic || tube              |
                                     ||                   |
                                                          |

We know source--screen centre distance, radius of the tube, radius of the hole.

We do some calculations based on the image of the hole on the screen.  However,
the calculations are mathematically highly complex, and must assume that the
object's hole projects an image (resembling an ellipse if the tube is not
parallel to the screen) in the centre of the screen.  However, it is unlikely
that the object is placed so conveniently.  

Firstly, we must transform the major and minor axis of the ellipse.  I cannot
know what the angle between the tube and screen is.  Do I have to assume that
they are parallel to do the transformation?  How do I do this transformation?

Secondly, there is a distortion of the image due to the screen being planar
(the source--screen distance increases as we move away from the centre of the
screen).  How can I compensate the ellipse's axis for this image distortion?

So, please can anyone give us a few pointers here?  How do we transform the
image so it appears as it would if it were in the centre of the screen, and how
do I deal with distortion due to the shape of the screen?

We'd appreciate any help, either posted or emailed.

Thanks in advance, Simon.
-- 
Simon Marshall, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
  "Football isn't about life and death.  It's more important than that." Bill
Email: S.Marshall@cs.hull.ac.uk   Phone: +44 482 465951  Fax: 466666   Shankley

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38339
From: bob@black.ox.ac.uk (Bob Douglas)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <2406@hcrlgw92.crl.hitachi.co.jp> steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins) writes:
>In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>>
>>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  
>
>Wouldn't this require a hyper-sphere.  In 3-space, 4 points over specifies
>a sphere as far as I can see.  Unless that is you can prove that a point
>exists in 3-space that is equi-distant from the 4 points, and this may not
>necessarily happen.
>
>Correct me if I'm wrong (which I quite possibly am!)
>
>steve

Sorry!! :-)

Call the four points A, B, C and D. Any three of them must be
non-collinear (otherwise all three could not lie on the surface
of a sphere) and all four must not be coplaner (otherwise either
they cannot all lie on a sphere or they define an infinity of them).

A, B and C define a circle. The perpendicular bisectors of AB, BC
and CA  meet in a point (P, say) which is the centre of this circle.
This circle must lie on the surface of the desired sphere.

Consider the normal to the plane ABC passing through P. All points
on this normal are equidistant from A, B and C and its circle (in
fact it is a diameter of the desired sphere). Take the plane
containing this normal and D (if D lies on the normal any
plane containing the normal will do); this plane is at right angles
to the ABC one.

Let E be the point (there are normally two of them) on the circumference
of the ABC circle which lies in this plane. We need a point Q on the
normal such that EQ = DQ. But the intersection of the perpendicular
bisector of ED and the normal is such a point (and it exists since D is
not in the plane ABC, and so ED is not at right angles to the normal).


Algorithm:

Is the sphere well defined?
    (1) Check that A and B are not coincident (=> failure).
    (2) Find the line AB and check that C does not lie on it (=> failure).
    (3) Find the plane ABC and check that D does not lie in it (=> failure).
Yes. Find its centre.
    (1) Find the perpendicular bisectors of AB and AC.
    (2) Find their point of intersection (P).
    (3) Find the normal to the plane ABC passing through P (line N).
    (4) Find the plane containing N and D; find the point E on the
	ABC circle in this plane (if D lies on N, take E as A).
    (4) Find the perpendicular bisector of ED (line L)
    (5) Find the point of intersection of N and L (Q).
Q is the centre of the desired sphere


Pictures:

(1) In the plane ABC

			A


                                P
                 
                B                               C

(2) At right-angles to ABC, in the plane containing N and D

			E


                                                          D

    line N
    --------------------P-------------Q---------------------------


Numerically:

If ED << EP then Q will be very close to P (relative to the radius
of the ABC circle) and subject to error. It's best to choose D so
that the least of AD, BD and CD is larger than for any other choice.
-- 
Bob Douglas              Computing Services, University of Oxford
Internet:                bob@oxford.ac.uk
Address:                 13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN, UK
Telephone:               +44-865-273211

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38342
From: hugo@hydra.unm.edu (patrice cummings)
Subject: polygon orientation in DXF?


Hi.  I'm writing a program to convert .dxf files to a database
format used by a 3D graphics program I've written.  My program stores
the points of a polygon in CCW order.  I've used 3D Concepts a 
little and it seems that the points are stored in the order
they are drawn.

Does the DXF format have a way of indicating which order the 
points are stored in, CW or CCW?  Its easy enough to convert,
but if I don't know which way they are stored, I dont know 
which direction the polygon should be visible from.

If DXF doesn't handle this, can anyone recommend a workaround?
The best I can think of is to create two polygons for each one
in the DXF file, one stored CW and the other CCW.  But that
doubles the number of polygons and decreases speed...

Thanks in advance for any help,

Patrice
hugo@hydra.unm.edu 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38343
From: mdpyssc@fs1.mcc.ac.uk (Sue Cunningham)
Subject: Fractals? What good are they ?

We have been using Iterated Systems compression board to compress 
pathology images and are getting ratios of 40:1 to 70:1 without too
much loss in quality. It is taking about 4 mins per image to compress,
on a 25Mhz 486 but decompression is almost real time on a 386 in software 
alone.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38344
From: tiang@midway.ecn.uoknor.edu (Tiang)
Subject: Re: A Book I found... graphics

covlir@crockett1c.its.rpi.edu (Locks) writes:
Hello,

>I happened to spot an excellent book in a bookstore about 4 days ago,
>though!!!!!!  It is in C++ and assembly.  It teaches you the assembly
>as it goes along --so if you're like me and have no assembler experience,
>don't worry.  It has almost everything that I wanted to know and has
>-----WORKING----- code.

>--Rod Covlin--

	I just bought a copy.  I can't disagree that it is a very good
book.  But unfortunately I was looking for the same graphics feature
described in this book but _NOT_ in 640x480x16 or 320x200x256 mode. It
is easy to accomodate all the pixel "descriptor" (or color attributes)
in those modes into A0000-AFFFFF, but not in 640x480x256(which is what
I am interested in).  I haven't finish the book but I affraid the
author didn't talk much about this mode(or other SVGA modes).  If
anyone out there know any good book dealing with fast SVGA graphics
manupulation(scrolling, repainting, all other good stuff..) please
send me mail.  Programming guide to SVGA card is also welcome.

	Thanks in advance.


 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    
-- 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38346
From: pest@konech.UUCP (Wolfgang Pest)
Subject: Speedstar 24 - how to program the TrueColor mode ?

Hello,
I purchased my new 486 with a NoName graphics card installed which is obviously 
Speedstar 24 compatible. Its name is "VGA 4000 TrueColor".
It is accompanied with some drivers and the utilities VMODE, XMODE and
at least one more MODE, as well as some drivers for Lotus, Windows, etc.
Only one of the drivers is told to provide the TrueColor mode, namely
the Windows 3.1 driver.
Nowhere else, except in the ad, is any pointer to the TrueColor mode.
Some articles in this group about the Speedstar 24 and some other facts
made me believe that my card is compatible to that one.

Does anybody out there know how this mode can be adjusted? How can I write
a driver which allows me to have 16.7 millions of colors with a resolution
of 640 x 480 with 45 Hz interlaced ?

Greetings,
    Wolfgang

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38347
From: sab@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
Subject: Info needed: 2D contour plotting

Hi Everyone--

  It's spend-the-money-before-it-goes-away time here at U.Florida
and we need to find some PC-based software that will do contour
plotting with irregular boundaries,i.e., a 2-D profile of a soil
                                    system with a pond superimposed
                /-----------------  on it.  We've given SURFER a
    POND      /                  |  trial run but it interpolates
            /                    |  contours out into the pond and/or
----------/                      |  creates artifacts at the borders.
|              SOIL              |  If anyone out there knows of a
|                                |  product, I'ld appreciate hearing
|________________________________|  about it.  If there is enough of
a response, I'll post a summary.  Thanks -- (and now back to lurking).

   Steve Bloom, Soil & Water Science, U.Fl (SAB@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38348
From: tiang@midway.ecn.uoknor.edu (Tiang)
Subject: VESA standard VGA/SVGA programming???

Hi,

	I have a few question about graphics programming in VGA/SVGA :

1. How VESA standard works?  Any documentation for VESA standard?

2. At a higher resolution than 320x200x256 or 640x480x16 VGA mode,
   where the video memory A0000-AFFFF is no longer sufficient to hold
   all info, what is the trick to do fast image manipulation?  I
   heard about memory mapping or video memory bank switching but know
   nothing on how it is implemented.   Any advice, anyone?  

3. My interest is in 640x480x256 mode.  Should this mode be called
   SVGA mode?  What is the technique for fast image scrolling for the
   above mode?  How to deal with different SVGA cards?


  Your guidance to books or any other sources to the above questions
would be greatly appreciated.  Please send me mail.


  Thanks in advance!



************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    
-- 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38350
From: <RCB@SLACVM.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU>
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?


> From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)

> Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
> cnter and radius, exactly fitting those points?

The equation of the sphere through the 4 points (x1,y1,z1),...,(x4,y4,z4) is
  | x^2+y^2+z^2  x1^2+y1^2+z1^2  ...  x4^2+y4^2+z4^2 |
  |      x             x1        ...        x4       |
  |      y             y1        ...        y4       | = 0
  |      z             z1        ...        z4       |
  |      1             1         ...        1        |
When this 5 by 5 determininant is expanded on its first column you get the
equation in the form
  A(x^2+y^2+z^2) + Bx + Cy + Dz + E = 0
If you need the center and radius, jyst divide through by A (it cannot be
zero if the 4 given points form a non-degenerate tetrahedron) and complete
the square on x, y, and z to obtain
  (x-xc)^2 + (y-yc)^2 + (z-zc)^2 = r^2

rcb@slacvm.slac.stanford.edu (Bob Beach)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38351
From: cormackj@access.digex.com (John Cormack)
Subject: Re: VESA on the Speedstar 24

I need a VESA driver for the Diamond Speedstar 24X that works. I've tried
several and none work for the hicolor modes.

John Cormack
Cormackj@access.digex.com




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38352
From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

In article <lsk1v9INN93c@caspian.usc.edu> zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:
>
>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 
>Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

There is a vast literature on Delaunay triangulations, literally
hundreds of papers.  A program is even provided with every copy of 
Mathematica nowadays.  You might look at this if you are interested in 
using it for creating 3D objects:

@article{Boissonnat5,
  author = "J.D. Boissonnat",
  title = "Geometric Structures for Three-Dimensional Shape Representation",
  journal = "ACM Transactions on Graphics",
  month = "October",
  year = {1984},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {266-286}
}


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38353
From: ukrphil@prlhp1.prl.philips.co.uk (M.J.Phillips)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

The 68070 _does_ exist. It's number was licensed to Philips to make their
own variant. This chip includes extra featurfes such as more I/O ports, 
I2C bus... making it more microcontroller like.

Because of the confusion with numbering (!), Philips other products in the
[range with the 68??? core have been given differend numbers like PCF...
or PCD7.. or something.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38354
From: saz@hook.corp.mot.com (Scott Zabolotzky)
Subject: .GIF to .BMP

I'm not sure if this is the correct place to ask this question.  If not,
please forgive me and point me in the right direction.

Does anybody know of a program that converts .GIF files to .BMP files
and if so, where can I ftp it from?  Any help would be greatly 
appreciated.

Please respond via e-mail as I do not read this group very often.

Thanks...Scott


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38355
From: kewe@bskewe.atr.bso.nl (Cornelis Wessels)
Subject: Point within a polygon 


In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk> scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk writes:

  > 
  > I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
  > polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
  > information on the subject ?
  > 
  >                 Regards
  > 
  >                         Simon
  > 
/* +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Function    : PuntBinnenPolygoon                                  |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Auteur      : Cornelis Wessels                                    |
   |                                                                   |
   | Datum       : 11-01-1993                                          |
   |                                                                   |
   | Omschrijving: Bepaalt of de aangeboden VECTOR2D p binnen of op de |
   |               rand van het polygoon P valt.                       |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Wijzigingen : -                                                   |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ */

CLIBSTATUS PuntBinnenPolygoon ( POLYGOON *P, VECTOR2D *p )
  {
  VECTOR2D o, v, w;
  INDEX    aantal_snijpunten, N, n;

  aantal_snijpunten = 0;
  N                 = GeefPolygoonLengte(P);
  GeefPolygoonRandpunt ( P, N, &o );

  for ( n=1; n<=N; n++ )
    {
    GeefPolygoonRandpunt ( P, n, &v );

    if ( o.x >= p->x && v.x <  p->x ||
	 o.x <  p->x && v.x >= p->x  )
      {
      w.x = p->x;
      InterpoleerLineair ( &o, &v, &w );

      if ( w.x == p->x && w.y == p->y )
	return(CLIBSUCCES);
      else if ( w.y > p->y )
	aantal_snijpunten++;
      }

    KopieerVector2d ( &v, &o );
    }

  if ( aantal_snijpunten%2 == 0 )
    return(CLIBERBUITEN);
  else
    return(CLIBSUCCES);
  }

Cornelis Wessels
Krommenoord 14
3079 ZT  ROTTERDAM
The Netherlands
+31 10 4826394
kewe@bskewe.atr.bso.nl

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38356
From: dfegan@lescsse.jsc.nasa.gov (Doug Egan)
Subject: Re: Any graphics packages available for AIX ?

In <1993Apr8.122037.19260@sun1x.res.utc.com> mark@sun1x.res.utc.com (MARK STUCKY) writes:

>In <1pr9qnINNiag@tahko.lpr.carel.fi>, 
>   Ari Suutari (ari@tahko.lpr.carel.fi) wrote:

>   > Does anybody know if there are any good 2d-graphics packages
>   > available for IBM RS/6000 & AIX ? I'm looking for something
>   > like DEC's GKS or Hewlett-Packards Starbase, both of which
>   > have reasonably good support for different output devices
>   > like plotters, terminals, X etc.

   Try graPHIGS from IBM... It is an excellent package! :^)

Doug
 
--
 Doug Egan                                  "It's not what you got -
 Lockheed Engineering and Sciences Co.       It's what you give."          
 Houston, TX                                                  -Tesla      
 ***** email:  egan@blkbox.com  *****                                    

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38357
From: schultz@schultz.kgn.ibm.com (Karl Schultz)
Subject: Re: VESA standard VGA/SVGA programming???

|> 1. How VESA standard works?  Any documentation for VESA standard?

	The VESA standard can be requested from VESA:
	VESA
	2150 North First Street, Suite 440
	San Jose, CA 95131-2029

	Ask for the VESA VBE and Super VGA Programming starndards.  VESA
	also defines local bus and other standards.

	The VESA standard only addresses ways in which an application
	can find out info and capabilities of a specific super VGA
	implementation and to control the video mode selection
	and video memory access.

	You still have to set your own pixels.

|> 2. At a higher resolution than 320x200x256 or 640x480x16 VGA mode,
|>    where the video memory A0000-AFFFF is no longer sufficient to hold
|>    all info, what is the trick to do fast image manipulation?  I
|>    heard about memory mapping or video memory bank switching but know
|>    nothing on how it is implemented.   Any advice, anyone?  

	VESA defines a "window" that is used to access video memory.
	This window is anchored at the spot where you want to write,
	and then you can write as far as the window takes you (usually
	64K).  Windows have granularities, so you can't just anchor 
	them anywhere.  Also, some implementations allow two windows.

|> 3. My interest is in 640x480x256 mode.  Should this mode be called
|>    SVGA mode?  What is the technique for fast image scrolling for the
|>    above mode?  How to deal with different SVGA cards?

	This is VESA mode 101h.  There is a Set Display Start function
	that might be useful for scrolling.

|>   Your guidance to books or any other sources to the above questions
|> would be greatly appreciated.  Please send me mail.

	Your best bet is to write VESA for the info.  There have also
	been announcements on this group of VESA software.

-- 
Karl Schultz                             schultz@vnet.ibm.com
These statements or opinions are not necessarily those of IBM

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38358
From: tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:

> Hi Netters,
> 
> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
> 
> Can you please offer some recommendations?

It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.
	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
fast.

Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I define myself--tsa@cellar.org

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38359
From: tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin)
Subject: Questions about Plane Eqn method of Hidden Surface removal

What are the main advantages of this method?  I have seen it described, and
the algiorithm seems a  little bit long.  I developed my own method, which
requires that the points be in a counter-clockwise order, and returns
whether you are looking at the back or the front, similar to the plane eqn
method.  It uses few calculations however, basically it is several
comparisons.  The only disadvantage I see is that it must be done after the
transformation from view coordinates to coordinates to display on the
screen, which means that a little more calculation isneeded beforehand.  My
method basically figures out whether the points that will appear on the
screen are clockwise or counterclockwise.  When looking at the back of
something, the points occur in an opposite direction from the front, so
merely by figuring out which way the points go, you can tell whether you are
looking at the back or front of a 2d polygon.  Has anyone heard of this
method before?  It is so simple, I doubt i am the first to think of it.

Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I define myself--tsa@cellar.org

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38360
From: cliff@watson.ibm.com (cliff)
Subject: Reprints

I have a few reprints left of chapters from my book "Visions of the             
Future".  These include reprints of 3 chapters probably of interest to          
readers of this forum, including:                                               
                                                                                
1. Current Techniques and Development of Computer Art, by Franz Szabo           
                                                                                
2. Forging a Career as a Sculptor from a Career as Computer Programmer,         
by Stewart Dickson                                                              
                                                                                
3. Fractals and Genetics in the Future by H. Joel Jeffrey                       
                                                                                
I'd be happy to send out free reprints to researchers for scholarly             
purposes, until the reprints run out.                                           
                                                                                
Just send me your name and address.                                             
                                                                                
Thanks, Cliff  cliff@watson.ibm.com                                             

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38361
From: haston@utkvx.utk.edu (Haston, Donald Wayne)
Subject: Church related graphics

I am looking for some good quality graphics files which are
suitable for use in church-related presentations. I prefer vector,
but anything would be helpful.

If you know of bulletin boards which have collections of this nature, or
commercial products, please inform me by email:

HASTON@UTKVX.UTK.EDU

Wayne Haston




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38362
From: lau@auriga.rose.brandeis.edu (frankie t. k. lau)
Subject: PC fastest line/circle drawing routines: HELP!

hi all,

IN SHORT: looking for very fast assembly code for line/circle drawing
	  on SVGA graphics.

COMPLETE:
	I am thinking of a simple but fast molecular
graphics program to write on PC or clones. (ball-and-stick type)

Reasons: programs that I've seen are far too slow for this purpose.

Platform: 386/486 class machine.
	  800x600-16 or 1024x728-16 VGA graphics
		(speed is important, 16-color for non-rendering
		 purpose is enough; may stay at 800x600 for
		 speed reason.)
         (hope the code would be generic enough for different SVGA
          cards.  My own card is based on Trident 8900c, not VESA?)

What I'm looking for?
1) fast, very fast routines to draw lines/circles/simple-shapes
   on above-mentioned SVGA resolutions.
   Presumably in assembly languagine.
	Yes, VERY FAST please.
2) related codes to help rotating/zooming/animating the drawings on screen.
   Drawings for beginning, would be lines, circles mainly, think of
   text, else later.
   (you know, the way molecular graphics rotates, zooms a molecule)
2) and any other codes (preferentially in C) that can help the 
   project.

Final remarks;-
non-profit.  expected to become share-, free-ware.

	Any help is appreciated.
	thanks

-Frankie
lau@tammy.harvard.edu

PS pls also email, I may miss reply-post.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38363
From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
|> Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
|> >   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
|> >a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
|> >like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
|> 
|> Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
|> especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
|> 68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

   Sean, the 68070 exists! :-)

|> 
|> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
|> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
|> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
|> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
|> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
|> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
|> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
|> dynamic material.
|> ========================================================================
|> Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
|> University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
|> P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
|> Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu


   Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
those for c.s.m.a :-) )

   I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had a
booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
(1.5).

   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 

   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.

   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
from memory!

   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?

   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.

   But for the sake of the posting about a computer doing it or not, I can
claim 320x200 (a tad more with overscan) being done in 256,000+ colors in 
my computer (not from the hardisk) at 30fps with Scala MM210.

   But I agree, if we consider MPEG stuff, I think a multimedia consumer
low-priced box has a lot of market... I just think 3DO would make it, 
no longer CD-I.

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38364
From: seth@north1.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: Oak Driver NEEDED (30d studio)


	Hi, I'm looking for the 3-D studio driver for the
	Oak card with 1 M of RAM.
	This would be GREATLY (and I mean that) appreciated

	Maybe I should have just gotten a more well know card.
thanks
seth@acpub.duke.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38365
From: khan0095@nova.gmi.edu (Mohammad Razi Khan)
Subject: manipulating a hexagonal grid

Ok, lets say youve got a grid of hexagons

that go in a        10
                     9
                    10
                     9
                    etc..

for a total of 15 rows down

that means there are 10 hexagons in the 1st line,
9 lined up underneath in the second line
10 lined up underneath in the third line
9 lined up under neath in the fourht...



the problem is  given the center of any arbritrary hexagon, and a line with
and arbritrary slope, Which hexagons does that line cross through 
(The line doesn't necessarily have to cross through the center of other hexagon,it can even be a tangent and count).  Any helpers, my friend was baffeled
when trying to figure this.
:w

--
Mohammad R. Khan                /    khan0095@nova.gmi.edu
After July '93, please send mail to  mkhan@nyx.cs.du.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38366
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: .GIF to .BMP

Scott Zabolotzky (saz@hook.corp.mot.com) wrote:
: I'm not sure if this is the correct place to ask this question.  If not,
: please forgive me and point me in the right direction.

: Does anybody know of a program that converts .GIF files to .BMP files
: and if so, where can I ftp it from?  Any help would be greatly 
: appreciated.

: Please respond via e-mail as I do not read this group very often.

: Thanks...Scott

Sorry Scott, if you post it here, you can read it here.  There is a shareware
program available via anonymous FTP that will suit your needs.  You'll find 
it at OAK.OAKLAND.EDU  in the subdirectory pub/msdos/graphics.  The file is
called "GRFWK61T.ZIP."

TMC.
(tmc@spartan.ac.brocku.ca)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38367
From: khan0095@nova.gmi.edu (Mohammad Razi Khan)
Subject: Looking for a good book for beginners

I wanted to know if any of you out there can recommend a good
book about graphics, still and animated, and in VGA/SVGA.

Thanks in advance

--
Mohammad R. Khan                /    khan0095@nova.gmi.edu
After July '93, please send mail to  mkhan@nyx.cs.du.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38368
From: berger@chaos.cs.brandeis.edu (David Berger)
Subject: Need some Graphics Help!

Help!  I'm trying to program my VGA!  I've got it working
with in pascal with the following routines for mode $13h
(320*200*256).  I've got a VESA compatable Trident 8900C w/1meg
and need to program in 1024*768 mode.  I don't care how many colors.
 
Could someone take this code and help me write 2 new procedures to
replace them so that it'll work in 1024*768*16 or 1024*768*256?
 
That'd be GREAT!  Thanks...
 
Here is the code I currently have for 320*200*256 mode:
 
  Procedure GraphMode;
 
    Begin { VideoMode }
      Asm
        Mov  AH,00
        Mov  AL,13h
        Int  10h
      End;
    End;  { VideoMode }
 
  Procedure PlotPoint (x, y, c : Integer);
 
    Begin
      Mem[$A000:x+y*320]:=c;
    End;
 

-- 

					David

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38369
From: thinman@netcom.com (Technically Sweet)
Subject: What is reverse or negative video?

I'm interested in simulating reverse (or negative) color video
mathematically.  What is the transform?  Is it a simple
reversal of the hue value in the HSV color space?  Is it
a manipulation in the YUV color space?  How is it related
to solarization?

If you want to see something truly wild, turn on the
reverse video effect on a camcorder so equipped,
and point it at the monitor.  This creates a chaotic
dynamical system whose phase space is continuous along
rotation, zoom, focus, etc.  Very very surprising and 
lovely.  I'd like to write a simulation of this effect
without analog grunge.  Thanks for any info you may have.

Please e-mail any info to me.  I'll post a summary.

Thanks,

-- 

Lance Norskog
thinman@netcom.com
Data is not information is not knowledge is not wisdom.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38370
From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Need a good concave -> convex polygon algorithm

In article <C5Juyz.ALy@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU (Richard Stoakley) writes:
>	We need a good concave ->convex polygon conversion routine.
>I've tried a couple without much luck.  Please E-mail responses and I
>will post a summary of any replies.  Thank you.
>
>Richard Stoakley
>rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU

The problem is not precisely defined above, but if you need to find
the smallest convex polygon that encloses a given polygon, then
you are seeking the convex hull of your original polygon.  There
are two ways to do this:  use a somewhat tricky but by-now well
examined linear-time algorithm that exploits the polygon boundary,
or just feed the vertices of the original polygon to a convex hull
routine and accept O(n log n).  Both methods are discussed in
Preparata and Shamos, for example.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38371
From: brentb@tamsun.tamu.edu (Brent)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>
>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
>everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
>hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
>he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.

I think he wanted to avoid reinventing the wheel.
I would suggest that you take your code, and submit it to
comp.sys.mac.binaries to be distributed (including to the ftp sites). 
Many folks, myself included, would enjoy the extra code.

>	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
>can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
>find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
>choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
>fast.

Just to clarify, the 3D routines that are mentioned in various places
on the mac are in a libray, not the ROM of the mac.  A few years ago before
I knew anything about implementing graphics, I came across a demo of the
Apple GrafSys3D library and it actually did a lot.  However, it is quite
limited in the sense that it's a low-level 3D library; your code still has
to plot individual points, draw each line, etc ad nauseum.  It has nothing
on GL, for example, where you can handle objects.

Other things to consider when talking about Apple's old 3D GrafSys library:

* Unsupported;  never was and no plans exist to do so in the future

* Undocumented; unless you call header files documentation...

If one knows something about graphics, you could probably figure it out,
but I'd assume there's better software available that gives better
output and is, at the same time, programmatically nicer (i.e. easier to
program).

Just my 2% tax

-Brent


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38372
From: jian@coos.dartmouth.edu (Jian Lu)
Subject: Grayscale Printer

We are interested in purchasing a grayscale printer that offers a good
resoltuion for grayscale medical images.  Can anybody give me some
recommendations on these products in the market, in particular, those
under $5000?

Thank for the advice.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38373
From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: WingCommanderII Graphics

   I was wondering if anyone knows where I can get more information about
the graphics in the WingCommander series, and the RealSpace system they use.
I think it's really awesome, and wouldn't mind being able to use similar
features in programs.  Thanks in advance.


Daemon


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38374
From: kuryakin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Rick Pavek)
Subject: VISION-3D site and email unavailable

I used the information provided in the recent resource listings and
tried to ftp to:

ccu1.aukland.ac.nz [130.216.1.5]:  ftp/mac/architec - *VISION-3D facet

and received an 'unknown host' message.

mail to Paul D. Bourke (pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz) bounces with basically
the same problem.

Where'd he go????

Rick

 

-- 
Rick Pavek                       | Never ask a droid to outdo its program.
kuryakin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com    |           
Seattle, WA                      |   It wastes your time
                                 |          and annoys the droid.  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38375
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 2/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part2
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 2/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993


14. Plotting packages
=====================

Gnuplot 3.2
-----------
  It is one of the best 2- and 3-D plotting packages, with
  online help.It's a command-line driven interactive function plotting utility
  for UNIX, MSDOS, Amiga, Archimedes, and VMS platforms (at least!).
  Freely distributed, it supports many terminals, plotters, and printers
  and is easily extensible to include new devices.
  It was posted to comp.sources.misc in version 3.0, plus 2 patches.
  You can practically find it everywhere (use Archie to find a site near you!).
  The comp.graphics.gnuplot newsgroup is devoted to discussion of Gnuplot.

Xvgr and Xmgr (ACE/gr)
-----------------------
  Xmgr is an XY-plotting tool for UNIX workstations using
  X or OpenWindows. There is an XView version called xvgr for
  Suns. Collectively, these 2 tools are known as ACE/gr.
  Compiling xmgr requires the Motif toolkit version 1.1
  and X11R4 - xmgr will not compile under X11R3/Motif 1.0x.

  Check at ftp.ccalmr.ogi.edu [129.95.72.34} in
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xmgr-2.09.tar.Z (Motif version)
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xvgr-2.09.tar.Z (XView version)

  Comments, suggestions, bug reports to Paul J Turner
  <pturner@amb4.ese.ogi.edu> (if mail fails, try pturner@ese.ogi.edu).
  Due to time constraints, replies will be few and far between.

Robot
-----
  Release 0.45 : 2-D and limited 3-D. Based on XView 3, written
  in C / Fortran (so you need a Fortran compiler or the f2c translator).
  Mainly tested on Sun4, less on DECstations. Check at
  ftp.astro.psu.edu (128.118.147.28),  pub/astrod.

VG plotting library
-------------------
  This is a library of Fortran callable routines at sunspot.ceee.nist.gov
  [129.6.64.151]

Xgobi
-----
  It's being developed at Bellcore, and its speciality are
  multidimensional data sets analysis and exploration. You can call it
  from the S language also, and it works as an X11 client using the Athena
  widget set (or with an ASCII terminal). It's distributed free of charge
  from STATLIB at CMU.
  To get it via e-mail, send email to statlib@temper.stat.cmu.edu and
  in the body area of the message, put the line

  send xgobi from general

  If you want to pick it via ftp, connect to lib.stat.cmu.edu. Log in as
  "statlib" and use your e-mail address as your password. Then type

  cd general
  mget xgobi.*

  Warning: It's about 2 MB sources + large Postscript manual. Read the
  relevant README to decide whether you need it or not.

PGPLOT
------
  Runs on VAX/VMS and supposedly on UNIX. It's a set of fortran routines freely
  available (though copyrighted and requiring a nominal fee of $50 or so)
  that includes contour plots and support for various devices, including ps.
  Contact tjp@deimos.caltech.edu

GGRAPH
------
  Host shorty.cs.wisc.edu [128.105.2.8] : /pub/ggraph.tar.Z
  Unknown more details.

epiGRAPH
--------
  For PCs. Call dvj@lab2.phys.lgu.spb.su (Vladimir J. Dmitriev) for details.
  You can get the program demo or (and) play version, if sent 10 $ to

        1251 Budapest posta fiok 60
        Hungary
        ph/fax 1753696  Budapest
        ph     2017760

Multiplot XLN
-------------
  For Amigas, shareware ($30 USD, #20 UK or $40 Aust.). Advanced 2D package
  that has a big list of features. Contact:

  Dr. Alan Baxter <agb16@mbuc.bio.cam.ac.uk>,
  Cambridge University
  Department of Pathology,
  Tennis Court Road,
  Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK


+Athena Plotter Widget set
+-------------------------
+  
+  This version V6.0 is based on Gregory Bond's version V5-beta. Added
+  some stuff for scientific graphs, i.e. log axes, free scalable axes,
+  XY-lineplots and some more, and re-added plotter callbacks from V4, e.g.
+  to request the current pointer position, or to cut off a rectangle from the
+  plotting area for zooming-in. Version V6.0 has a log of bugs fixed and a
+  log of improvements against V6-beta. Additionally I did some other
+  changes/extensions, besides 
+  
+      -     Origin and frame lines for axes.
+      -     Subgrid lines on subtic positions.
+      -     Line plots in different line types (lines, points, lines+points,
+       impulses, lines+impulses, steps, bars), line styles (solid, dotted,
+       dashed, dot-dashed) and marker types for data points.
+      -     Legend at the right or left hand side of the plot.
+      -     Optional drawing to a pixmap instead of a window.
+      -     Layout callback for aligning axis positions when using
+       multiple plotters in one application.
+  
+  Available at export.lcs.mit.edu, directory contrib/plotter
+
+SciPlot
+-------
+  SciPlot is a scientific 2D plotting and manipulation program. 
+  For the NeXT (requires NeXTStep 3.0), and it's shareware.
+
+  Features:
+  ASCII import and export;  EPS export; copy, cut, paste with data buffer;
+  free number of data points, data buffer, and document window;
+  selective open and save ; plotting in many styles; automatic legend;
+  subviews; linear and logarithmic axes; two different axes; text and graphic;
+  color support; zoom; normalizing and moving; axis conversions;
+  free hand data manipulations (cut, edit, move, etc.); data editor; sorting
+  of data; absolute,relative, and free defined error bars;
+  calculating with buffers (+, -, *, / ); background subtractions
+  (linear,shirley,tougaard, bezier); integration and relative integration;
+  fitting of one or more free defined functions; linear regression;
+  calculations (+, -, *, /, sin, cos, log, etc.); function generator;
+  spline interpolation; least square smooth and FFT smooth; differentiation;
+  FFT; ESCA calculations and database; .. and something more 
+
+  You can find it on:
+  ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de [130.149.17.7] : /pub/NeXT/science/SciPlot3.1.tar.Z
+
+  Author:
+  Michael Wesemann
+  Scillerstr. 73,1000 Berlin 12, Germany   
+  mike@fiasko.rz-berlin.mpg.de
+
+PLPLOT
+------
+  PLPLOT is a scientific plotting package for many systems, small (micro)
+  and large (super) alike.  Despite its small size and quickness,
+  it has enough power to satisfy most users, including:
+  standard x-y plots, semilog plots, log-log plots, contour plots, 3D plots,
+  mesh plots, bar charts and pie charts.  Multiple graphs (of the same or
+  different sizes) may be placed on a single page with multiple lines in each
+  graph.  Different line styles, widths and colors are supported.  A virtually
+  infinite number of distinct area fill patterns may be used.  There are
+  almost 1000 characters in the extended character set.  This includes four
+  different fonts, the Greek alphabet and a host of mathematical, musical, and
+  other symbols.  The fonts can be scaled to any size for various effects.
+  Many different output device drivers are available (system dependent),
+  including a portable metafile format and renderer.
+  
+  Freely available (but copyrighted) via anonymous FTP on
+  hagar.ph.utexas.edu, directory pub/plplot
+  
+  At present (v. 4.13), PLPLOT is known to work on the following systems:
+  
+  Unix:   SunOS, A/IX, HP-UX, Unicos, DG/UX, Ultrix
+  Other platforms: VMS, Amiga/Exec, MS-DOS, OS/2, NeXT
+  
+  Authors: Many. The main supporters are:
+  
+  Maurice LeBrun <mjl@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: PLPLOT kernel and the metafile,
+     xterm, xwindow, tektronix, and Amiga drivers.
+  Geoff Furnish <furnish@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: MS-DOS and OS/2 drivers
+  Tony Richardson <amr@egr.duke.edu>: PLPLOT on the NeXT
+
+SuperMongo
+----------
+  2-D plotting package at CMU, filename ~re00/tmp/SM.2.1.0.tar.Z
+  (probably under the ftp.cmu.edu or andrew.cmu.edu machines?)
+
+GLE
+---
+  GLE is a high quality graphics package for scientists.  It runs on a
+  variety of platforms (PCs, VAXes, and Unix) with drivers for XWindows,
+  REGIS, TEK4010, PC graphics cards, VT100s, HP plotters, Postscript
+  printers, Epson-compatible printers and Laserjet/Paintjet printers.  It
+  provides LaTEX quality fonts, as well as full support for Postscript
+  fonts.  The graphing module provides full control over all features of
+  graphs.  The graphics primitives include user-defined subroutines for
+  complex pictures and diagrams.
+
+  Accompanying utilities include Surface (for hidden line surface
+  plotting), Contour (for contour plots), Manip (for manipulation of
+  columnar data files), and Fitls (for fitting arbitrary equations to
+  data).
+
+  Mailing list: GLEList. Send a message to
+
+  listserver@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu, with a message boyd containing
+
+  sub glelist "Your Name"
+  
+ maintainer: Dean Pentcheff <dean2@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu>

==========================================================================

15. Image analysis software - Image processing and display
==========================================================

PC and Mac-based tools (multi-platform software)
======================

IMDISP
------
  IMDISP Written at JPL and other NASA sites. Can do simple display,
  enhancing, smoothing and so on. Works with the FITS and VICAR/PDS
  data formats of NASA. Can read TIFF images, if you know their dimensions
  [PC and Macs]

LabVIEW 2
---------
  LabVIEW is used as a framework for image processing tools. It provides a
  graphical programming environment using block diagram sketch is the
  "program" with graphical elements representing the programming elements.
  Hundreds of functions are already available and are connected using a
  wiring tool to create the block diagram (program).  Functions that the
  block diagrams represent include digital signal processing and
  filtering, numerical analysis, statistics, etc.  The tool allows any
  Virtual Instrument (VI, a software file that looks and acts like a real
  laboratory instrument) to be used as a part of any other virtual
  instrument.

  National Instruments markets plug-in digital signal processing (DSP)
  boards for Macintoshs and PC compatables that allow real-time
  acquisition and analysis at a personal computer.  New software tools for
  DSP are allowing engineers to harness the power of this technology. The
  tools range from low-level debugging software to high-level block
  diagram development software.  There are three levels of DSP programming
  associated with the NB-DSP2300 board and LabVIEW:
  Use of the NB-DSP2300 Analysis Library: FFTs, power spectra, filters
  routines callable from THINK C and Macintosh Programers Workshop (MPW) C
  that execute on the NB-DSP2300 board. There is an analysis Virtual
  Interface Library of ready-to-use VIs optimized for the NB-DSP2300.

  Use of the National Instruments Developers Toolkit that includes an
  optimizing C compiler, an assembler and a linker for low-level
  programming of the DSP hardware.  This approach offers the highest level
  of performance but is the must difficult in terms of ease of use.

  Use of the National Instruments Interface Kit software package which has
  utility functions for memory management data communications and
  downloading code to the NB-DSP2300 board. (This is the easiest route for
  the development of custom code.)

Ultimage Concept VI
-------------------
  Concept VI  by Graftek-France is a family of image processing Virtual
  Instruments (VIs) that give LabVIEW 2 (described above) users high-end
  tools for designing, integrating and monitoring imaging control systems.
  A VI is a software file that looks and acts like a real laboratory
  instrument. Typical applications for Concept VI include thermography,
  surveillance, machine vision, production testing, biomedical imaging,
  electronic microscopy and remote sensing.

  Ultimage Concept VI addresses applications which require further
  qualitative and quantitative analysis.  It includes a complete set of
  functions for image enhancement, histogram equalization, spatial and
  frequency filtering, isolation of features, thresholding, mathematical
  morphology analysis, density measurement, object counting, sizing and
  characterization.

  The program loads images with a minimum resolution of 64 by 64, a pixel
  depth of 8, 16, or 32 bits, and one image plane.  Standard input and
  output formats include PICT, TIFF, SATIE, and AIPD.  Other formats can
  be imported.

  Image enhancement features include lookup table transformations, spatial
  linear and non-linear filters, frequency filtering, arithmetic and logic
  operations, and geometric transformations, among others.  Morphological
  transformations include erosion, dilation, opening, closing, hole
  removal, object separation, and extraction of skeletons, among others.
  Quantitative analysis provides for objects' detection, measurement, and
  morphological distribution.  Measures include area, perimeter, center of
  gravity, moment of inertia, orientation, length of relevant chords, and
  shape factors and equivalence.  Measures are saved in ASCII format.  The
  program also provides for macro scripting and integration of custom
  modules.

  A 3-D view command plots a perspective data graph where image intensity
  is depicted as mountains or valleys in the plot.  The histogram tool can
  be plotted with either a linear or logarithmic scale. The twenty-eight
  arithmetic and logical operations provide for: masking and averaging
  sections of images, noise removal, making comparisons, etc.  There are
  13 spatial filters that alter pixel intensities based on local
  intensity.  These include high-pass filters for contrast and outlines.
  The frequency data resulting from FFT analysis can be displayed as
  either the (real , imaginary ) components or the (phase, magnitude)
  data.  The morphological transformations are useful for data sharpening
  and defining objects or for removing artifacts.

  The transformations include: thresholding, eroding, dilating and even
  hole filling.

  The program's quantitative analysis measurements include: area,
  perimeter, center of mass, object counts, and angle between points.

  GTFS, Inc. 2455 Bennett Valley Road #100C Santa Rosa, CA 95494
  707-579-1733

IPLab Spectrum
--------------
  IPLAB Spectrum supports image processing and analysis but lacks the
  morphology and quantitative analysis features provided by
  Graftek-FranceUs Ultimage Concept VI.  Using scripting tools, the user
  tells the system the operations to be performed. The problem is that far
  too many basic operations require manual intervention. The tool
  supports: FFTs, 16 arithmetic operations for pixel alteration, and a
  movie command for cycling through windows.


Macintosh-based tools
=====================

NCSA Image, NCSA PalEdit and more
---------------------------------
  NCSA provides a whole suite of public-domain visualization tools for the
  Macintosh, primarily aimed at researchers wanting to visualize results
  from numerical modelling calculations.  These applications,
  documentation, and source code are available for anonymous ftp from
  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu. Commercial versions of the NCSA programs have been
  developed by Spyglass.

  Spyglass, Inc. 701 Devonshire Drive Champaign, IL  61820 (217) 355-6000
  fax: 217 355 8925

NIH IMAGE
---------
  Available at alw.nih.gov (128.231.128.7) or (preferably)
  zippy.nimh.nih.gov [128.231.98.32], directory:/pub/image.
  It has painting and image manipulation tools, a macro language,
  tools for measuring areas, distances and angles, and for counting
  things. Using a frame grabber card, it can record sequences of
  images to be played back as a movie. It can invoke user-defined
  convolution matrix filters, such as Gaussian. It can import raw
  data in tab-delimited ASCII, or as 1 or 2-byte quantities. It also
  does histograms and even 3-D plots. It is limited to 8-bits/pixel,
  though the 8 bits map into a color lookup table. It runs on any Mac
  that has a 256-color screen and a FPU (or get the NonFPU version
  from zippy.nimh.nih.gov)

PhotoMac
--------
  Data Translation, Inc. 100 Locke Dr. Marlboro, MA 01752 508-481-3700

PhotoPress
----------
  Blue Solutions 3039 Marigold Place Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 805-492-9973

PixelTools and TCL-Image
------------------------
  "Complete family of PixelTools (hardware accelerator and applications
  software) for scientific image processing and analysis.  Video-rate
  capture, display, processing, and analysis of high-resolution
  monochromatic and color images.  Includes C source code."

TCL-Image:
  "Software package for scientific, quantitative image processing and
  analysis. It provides a complete language for the capture, enhancement,
  and extraction of quantitative information from gray-scale images.
  TCL_Image has over 200 functions for image processing, and contains the
  other elements needed in a full programming language for algorithm
  development -- variables and control structures.  It is easily
  extensible through "script" (or indirect command) files. These script
  files are simply text files that contain TCL-Image commands.  They are
  executed as normal commands and include the ability to pass parameters.
  The direct capture of video images is supported via popular frame
  grabber boards.  TCL-Image comes with the I-View utility that provides
  conversion between common image file types, such as PICT2 and TIFF."

  Perceptics 725 Pellissippi Parkway Knoxville, TN 37933 615-966-9200

Satellite Image Workshop
------------------------
  It comes with a number of satellite pictures (raw data) and does all
  sorts of image enhancing on it. You'll need at least a Mac II with co-
  processor; a 256 color display and a large harddisk. The program doesn't
  run under system 7.x.ATE1 V1

  In the documentation the contact address is given as:  Liz Smith, Jet
  Propulsion Laboratory, MS 300-323, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,.Pasadena, CA 91109
  (818) 354-6980

Visualization Workbench
-----------------------
  "An electronic imaging software system that performs interactive image
  analysis and scientific 2D and 3D plotting."

  Paragon Imagine 171 Lincoln St. Lowell, MA 01852 508-441-2112

Adobe Photoshop
---------------

  The tool supports Rtrue colorS with 24-bit images or 256 levels of grey
  scale.  Once an image has been imported it can be Rre-touchedS with
  various editing tools typical of those used in Macintosh-based RpaintS
  applications.  These include an eraser, pencil, brush and air brush.
  Advanced RpasteS tools that control the interaction between a pasted
  selection and the receiving site have also been incorporated.  For
  example, all red pixels in a selection can easily be preventing from
  being pasted. Photoshop has transparencies ranging from 0 to 100%,
  allowing you to create ghost overlays.  RPhoto-editingS tools include
  control of the brightness and contrast, color balancing, hue/saturation
  modification and spectrum equalization.  Images can be subjected to
  various signal processing algorithms to smooth or sharpen the image,
  blur edges, or locate edges.  Image scaling is also supported.

  For storage savings, the images can be compressed using standard
  algorithms, including externally supplied compression such as JPEG,
  availlable from Storm Technologies. The latest version of Adobe
  Photoshop supports the import of numerous image formats including: EPSF,
  EPSF, TIFF, PICT resource, Amiga IFF/ILBM, CompuServe GIF, MacPaint,
  PIXAR, PixelPaint, Scitex CT, TGA and ThunderScan..

  Adobe Systems, Inc. 1585 Charlestown Road PO Box 7900 Mountain View, CA
  94039-7900 415-961-4400

ColorStudio and ImageStudio
---------------------------
  ColorStudio is an image-editing and paint package from Letraset that has
  more features than Adobe Photoshop but is decidedly more complex and
  therefore more difficult to use.  Several steps are often required to
  accomplish that which can be done in a single step using Photoshop.  The
  application requires a great deal of available disk space as one can
  easily end up with images in the 30 MB range.  The program provides a
  variety of powerful selection tools including the "auto selection tool"
  which lets the user choose image areas on the basis of color, close
  hues, color range and mask.

ImageStudio: Don't know...

  Letraset USA 40 Eisenhower Drive Paramus, NJ 07653 201-845-6100

Dapple Systems
--------------
  "High resolution image analysis software provides processing tools to
  work with multiple images, enhance and edit, and measure a variety of
  global or feature parameters, and interpret the data."

  Dapple Systems, 355 W. Olive Ave, #100 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-733-3283

Digital Darkroom
----------------
  The latest release of Digital Darkroom has five new selection and
  editing tools for enhancing images. One such feature allows the user to
  select part of an image simply by "painting" it. A new polyline
  selection tool creates a selection tool for single pixel wide
  selections.  A brush lets the operator "paint" with a selected portion
  of the image. Note that this is not a true color image enhancement tool.
  This tool should be used when the user intends to operate in grey-scale
  images only.  It should be noted that Digital Darkroom is not as
  powerful as either Adobe Photoshop or ColorStudio.

  Silicon Beach Software 9770 Carroll Ctr. Rd., Suite J San Diego, CA
  92126 619-695-6956

Dimple
------
  It  is compatible with system 6.05 and system 7.0 , requires Mac LC or
  II series with 256 colours, with a recommended min of 6Mb of ram. It has
  the capability of reading Erdas files. Functions include; image
  enhancement, 3D and contour plots, image statistics, supervised and
  unsupervised classification, PCA and other image transformations. There
  is also a means (Image Operation Language or IOL) by which you can write
  your own transformations. There is no image rectification, however
  Dimple is compatable with MAPII. The latest version is 1.4 and it is in
  the beta stage of testing. Dimple was initially developed as a teaching
  tool and it is very good for this purpose."

  "Dimple  runs on a colour Macintosh.  It is a product still in its
  development phase.. i.e. it doesn't have all the inbuilt features of
  other packages, but is coming along nicely.  It has its own inbuilt
  language for writing "programs" for processing an image, defining
  convolution filters etc. Dimple is a full mac application with pull down
  menus etc... It is unprotected software."

  Process Software Solutions, PO Box 2110, Wollongong, New South Wales,
  Australia. 2500. Phone 61 42 261757  Fax 61 42 264190.

Enhance
-------
  Enhance has a RrulerS tool that supports measurements and additionally
  provides angle data. The tool has over 80 mathematical filter
  variations: "Laplacian, medium noise filter", etc.  Files can be saved
  as either TIFF, PICT, EPSF or text (however EPSF files can't be imported).

  MicroFrontier 7650 Hickman Road Des Moines, IA  50322 515-270-8109

Image Analyst
-------------
  An image processing product for users who need to extract quantitative
  data from video images.  Image Analyst lets users configure
  sophisticated image processing and measurement routines without the
  necessity of knowing a programming language.  It is designed for such
  tasks at computing number and size of cells in images projected by video
  cameras attached to microscopes, or enhancing and measuring distances in
  radiographs.

  Image Analyst provides users with an array of field-proven video
  analysis techniques that enable them to easily assemble a sequence of
  instructions to enhance feature appearance; count objects; determine
  density, shape, size, position, or movement; perform object feature
  extraction; and conduct textural analysis automatically.  Image Analyst
  works with either a framegrabber board and any standard video camera, or
  a disk-stored image.

  Within minutes, without the need for programming, the Image Analyst user
  can set up a process to identify and analyze any element of a image.
  Measurements and statistics can be automatically or semi-automatically
  generated from TIFF or PICT files or from captured video tape images.
  Image Analyst recognizes items in images based on their size, shape and
  position.  The tool provides direct support for the Data Translation and
  Scion frame grabbers. A menu command allows for image capture from a VCR
  video camera or other NTSC or PAL devices.

  There are 2 types of files, the image itself and the related Sequence
  file that holds the processing, measurements and analysis that the user
  defines.  Automated sequences are set up in Regions Of Interest (ROI)
  represented by movable, sizable boxes atop the image.  Inside a ROI, the
  program can find the distance between two edges, the area of a shape,
  the thickness of a wall, etc.  Image Analyst finds the center, edge and
  other positions automatically. The application also provides tools so
  that the user can work interactively to find the edge of object. It also
  supports histograms and a color look-up table (CLUT) tool.

  Automatix, Inc. 775 Middlesex Turnpike Billerica, MA 01821 508-667-7900

IPLab
-----
  Signal Analytics Corp. 374 Maple Ave. E Vienna, VA  22180 703-281-3277
  FAX 703-281-2509

  "Menu-driven image processing software that supports 24-bit color or
  pseudocolor/grayscale image display and manipulation."

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II distributed by John Wiley has
  integrated image analysis.

IMAGE
-----
  from Stanford : Try anonymous ftp from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
  It has pd source for image v2, and ready to run code for a mac under
  image v3.



Windows/DOS PC-based tools
==========================

CCD
---
  Richard Berry's CCD imaging book for Willamon-Bell contains (optional?)
  disks with image manipulating software.  Source code is included.

ERDAS
-----
  "ERDAS will do all of the things you want:  rectification,
  classification, transformations (canned & user-defined), overlays,
  filters, contrast enhancement, etc. ... I was using it on my thesis &
  then changed the topic a bit & that work became secondary."

  ERDAS, Inc. 2801 Buford Highway Suite 300 Atlanta, GA 30329 404-248-9000
  FAX   404-248-9400

RSVGA
-----
  "I have been getting up to speed on a program called RSVGA available from
  Eidetic Digital Image Ltd. in British Columbia.  Its for IBM PC's or
  clones, cheap (about $400) and does all the stuff Erdas does but is not
  as fast or as powerful, though I have had only limited experience with
  Erdas.  I have used RSVGA with 6 of 7 Landsat bands and it is a good
  starter program except for the obtuse manual"

IMAGINE-32
----------
  It's a 32 bit package [I suppose for PCs] called "Imagine32"
  or "Image32" The program does a modest amount of image processing --add,
  subtract, multiply, divide, display, and plot an x or y cut across the image.
  It can also display a number of images simultaneously.
  The company is CompuScope, in Santa Barbara, CA. 

PC Vista
--------
  It was announced in the 1989 August edition of PASP.  It is known to
  be available from Mike Richmond, whose email addresses have been

	richmond@bllac.berkeley.edu
	richmond@bkyast.berkeley.edu

  and his s-mail address is:

  Michael Richmond,Astronomy Department, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720

  The latest version of PC-Vista, version 1.7, includes not only the source
  code and help files, but also a complete set of executable programs and
  a number of sample FITS images. If you do wish to use the source code,
  you will need Microsoft C, version 5.0 or later; other compilers may work,
  but will require substantial modifications.

  To receive the documentation and nine double-density (360K) floppies
  (or three quad-density 3-1/2 inch floppies (1.44M) with everything on them,
  just send a request for PC-Vista, together with your name and a US-Mail
  address, to 

	Office of Technology Licensing
	2150 Shattuck Ave., Suite 510
	Berkeley, Ca. 94704

  Include a check (Traveller's Checks are fine) or purchase order for $150.00
  in U.S. dollars, if your address is inside the continental U.S., or $165.00
  otherwise, made out to Regents of the University of California
  to cover duplication and mailing costs.


SOFTWARE TOOLS
--------------
  It's a set of software "tools" put out by Canyon State
  Systems and Software. They are not free, but rather cheap at about $30 I
  heard. It will handle most all of the formats used by frame grabber
  software. 

MIRAGE
------
  It's image processing software written by Jim Gunn at the
  Astrophysics Dept at Princeton. It will run on a PC among other platforms.
  It is a Forth based system - i.e. a Forth language with many image
  processing displaying functions built in. 

DATA TRANSLATION SOURCE BOOK
----------------------------
  The Data Translation company in Massachusetts publishes a free book
  containing vendors of data analysis hardware and software which is
  compatible with Data Translation and other frame grabbers.
  Surely you can find much more PC-related stuff in it.

MAXEN386
--------
  A couple of Canadians have written a program named MAXEN386 which does
  maximum entropy image deconvolution. Their company is named Digital
  Signal Processing Software, or something like that, and the software is
  mentioned in an article in Astronomy Magazine, either Jan or Feb 92
  (an article on CCD's vs film). 

JANDEL SCIENTIFIC (JAVA)
------------------------
  Another software package (JAVA) is put out by Jandel Scientific. 
  Jandel Scientific, 65 Koch Road, Corte Madera, CA 94925, (415) 924-8640,
  (800) 874-1888.

Microbrian
----------
  Runs on an MS dos platform and uses a 32 bit graphics card
  (Vista), or an about to be released version will support a number of
  super VGA cards.  Its a full blown remote sensed data processing
  system.. It is menu driven (character based screen), but is does not use
  a windowed user interface. Its is hardware protected with a dongle.
  Mbrian = micro Barrier reef Image Anaysis System. It was developed by
  CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Organization) and is
  marketed/ supported by:

  MPA Australia (51 Lusher Road, Croydon, Victoria
  tel + 61 3 724 4488     fax  +61 3 724 4455)

  There are educational and commercial prices, but be prepared to set
  aside $A10k for the first educational licence.  Subsequent ones come
  cheaper (they need to!) It has installed sites worldwide.  It is widely
  used at ANU.

MicroImage
----------
  The remote sensing lab here at Dartmouth currently uses Terra-Mar's
  MicroImage, on 486 PCs with some fancy display hardware.

  Terra-Mar Resource Information Services, Inc.

  1937 Landings Drive Mountain View, CA  94043 415-964-6900   FAX
  415-964-5430

Unix-based tools
================

IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility)
--------------------------------------------
  Developed in the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Kitt Peak AZ
  It is free, you can ftp it from tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1]
  and complement it with STSDAS from stsci.edu [130.167.1.2].
  Email to iraf@noao.edu for more details.
  Apparently this is one of the _de facto_ standards in the astronomical
  image community. They issue a newsletter also.
  They seem to support very well their users. Works with VMS also last
  I heard, and practically has its own shell on top of the VMS/Unix shells.

  It's suggested that you get a copy of saoimage for display under X windows.
  Very flexible/extendable  -- tons (literally 3 linear feet) of
  documentation for the general user, skilled user, and programmer.

ALV
---
  A Sun-specific image toolkit.  Version 2.0.6 posted to
  comp.sources.sun on 11dec89.  Also available via email to
  alv-users-request@cs.bris.ac.uk.

AIPS
----
  Astronomical Image Processing System.  Contact: aipsmail@nrao.edu
  (also see the UseNet Newsgroups alt.sci.astro.aips and sci.astro.fits)
  Built by NRAO (National Radio Astronomy Observatory, HQ in Charlottesville,
  VA, sites in NM, AZ, WV).  Software distributed by 9-track, Exabyte, DAT,
  or (non-anonymous) internet ftp.  Documentation (PostScript mostly)
  available via anonymous ftp to baboon.cv.nrao.edu (192.33.115.103),
  directory pub/aips and pub/aips/TEXT/PUBL.  Installation requires building
  the system and thus a Fortran and C compiler.
     This package can read and write FITS data (see sci.astro.fits), and is
  primarily for reduction, analysis, and image enhancement of Radio Astronomy
  data from radio telescopes, particularly the Very Large Array (VLA), a
  synthesis instrument.  It consists of almost 300 programs that do everything
  from copying data to sophisticated deconvolution, e.g. via maximum entropy.
  There is an X11-based Image tool (XAS) and a tek-compatible xterm-based
  graphics tool built into AIPS.  The XAS tool is modelled after the hardware
  functionality of the International Imaging Systems model 70 display unit and
  can do image arithmetic, etc.
    The code is mostly Fortran 77 with some system C language modules, and is
  available for Suns, IBM RS/6000, Dec/Ultrix, Convex, Cray (Unicos), and
  Alliant with support planned for HP-9000/7xx, Solaris 2.1, and maybe SGI.
     There is currently a project - "AIPS++" - underway to rewrite the
  algorithmic functionality of AIPS in a modern setting, using C++ and an
  object oriented approach.  Whereas AIPS is proprietary code (licensed for
  free to non-profit institutions) owner by NRAO and the NSF, AIPS++ will be
  in the public domain at some level, as it is an international effort with
  contributions from the US, Canada, England, the Netherlands, India, and
  Australia to name a few. 

LABOimage
---------
  (version 4.0 is out for X11) It's written in C, and currently
  runs on Sun 3/xxx, Sun 4/xxx (OS3.5, 4.0 and 4.0.3) under SunView.
  The expert system for image segmentation is written in Allegro Common Lisp.
  It was used on the following domains: computer science (image analysis), 
  medicine, biology, physics. It is distributed free of charge (source code).
  Available via anonymous FTP at ftp.ads.com (128.229.30.16), in
  pub/VISION-LIST-ARCHIVE/SHAREWARE/LaboImage_*

  Contact: Prof. Thierry Pun, Computer Vision Group Computing Science Center,
  U-Geneva 12, rue du Lac, CH-1207 Geneva SWITZERLAND
  Phone : +41(22) 787 65 82; fax: +41(22) 735 39 05
  E-mail: pun@cui.unige.ch  or pun@cgeuge51.bitnet


Figaro
------
  It was originally made for VMS, and can be obtained from
  Keith Shortridge in Australia (ks@aaoepp.aao.gov.au)
  and for Unix from Sam Southard at Caltech (sns@deimos.caltech.edu).
  It's about 110Mbytes on a Sun.

KHOROS
------
  Moved to the Scientific  Visualization category below

Vista
-----
  The "real thing" is available via anonymous ftp from lowell.edu. Email to
  vista@lowell.edu for more details. Total size less than 20Mbytes.

DISIMP
------
  (Device Independent Software for Image Processing) is a powerful
  system providing both user friendliness and high functionality in
  interactive times.

  Feature Description

  DISIMP incorporates a rich library of image processing utilities and
  spatial data options. All functions can be easily accessed via the
  DISIMP executive. This menu is modular in design and groups image
  processes by their function. Such a logical structure means that
  complicated processes are simply a progression through a series of
  modules.

  Processes include image rectification, classification (unsupervised and
  supervised), intensity transformations, three dimensional display and
  Principal Component Analysis. DISIMP also supports the more simple and
  effective enhancement techniques of filtering, band subtraction and
  ratioing.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Running on UNIX workstations, DISIMP is capable of processing the more
  computational intensive techniques in interactive processing times.
  DISIMP is available in both Runtime and Programmer's environments. Using
  the Programmers environment, utilities can be developed for specific
  applications programs.

  Graphics are governed by an icon-based Display Panel which allows quick
  enhancments of a displayed image. Manipulations of Look Up Tables,
  colour stretches, changes to histograms, zooming and panning can be
  interactively driven through this control.

  A range of geographic projections enables DISIMP to integrate data of
  image, graphic and textual types. Images can be rectified by a number of
  coordinate systems, providing the true geographic knowledge essential
  for ground truthing. Overlays of grids, text and vector data can be
  added to further enhance referenced imagery.

  The system is a flexible package allowing users of various skill levels
  to determine their own working environment, including the amount of help
  required. DISIMP comes fully configured with no optional extras. The
  purchase price includes all functionality required for professional
  processing of remote sensed data.

  For further information, please contact:

  The Business Manager, CLOUGH Engineering Group Systems Division, 627
  Chapel Street, South Yarra, Australia 3141. Telephone:  +61 3 825 5555
  Fax:  +61 3 826 6463

Global Imaging Software
-----------------------
  "We use Global Imaging Software to process AVHRR data, from the dish to
  the final display. Select a chunk of five band data from a pass,
  automatic navigation, calibrate it to Albedo and Temp, convert that to
  byte, register it to predesigned window, all relatively automatically
  and carefree.

  It has no classification routines to speak of, but it isn't that
  difficult to write your own with their programmer's module.

  Very small operation: one designs, one codes, one sells. Been around for
  a number of years, sold to Weather Service and Navy.  Runs on HP9000
  with HP-UX.  Supports 24-bit display"

HIPS
----
(Human   Information   Processing Laboratory's Image Processing System)

  Michael Landy co-wrote and sell a general-purpose package for image
  processing which has been used for basically all the usual image
  processing applications (robotics, medical, satellite, engineering, oil
  exploration, etc.).  It is called HIPS, and deals with sequences of
  multiband images in the same way it deals with single images.  It has
  been growing since we first wrote it, both by additions from us as well
  as a huge user-contributed library.

  Feature description

  HIPS  is  a  set  of  image  processing  modules  which together provide
  a  powerful  suite  of  tools  for  those interested in research,
  system  development  and  teaching. It  handles  sequences  of  images
  (movies)  in precisely the same manner as single frames.

  Programs and subroutines have been developed  for simple image
  transformations, filtering, convolution, Fourier and other transform
  processing, edge detection  and line  drawing   manipulation, digital
  image compression and transmission  methods, noise generation, and image
  statistics computation. Over 150 such  image transformation programs
  have been developed.  As a result, almost any image processing  task
  can be performed quickly and conveniently. Additionally, HIPS allows
  users to easily integrate  their  own custom  routines.   New users
  become effective using HIPS on their first day.

  HIPS features images that are  self-documenting.   Each image stored  in
  the  system  contains  a  history  of the transformations that have been
  applied to that image.   HIPS includes  a  small  set of subroutines
  which primarily deals with a standardized  image sequence  header,  and
  a  large library  of  image  transformation tools in the form of UNIX
  ``filters''.  It comes complete with source  code,  on-line manual
  pages, and on-line documentation.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Originally  developed at  New  York  University,  HIPS  now represents
  one of the most extensive and flexible vision and image  processing
  environments currently available.  It runs under the UNIX operating
  system.  It is modular  and  flexible, provides automatic documentation
  of its actions, and is almost entirely independent of special equipment.
  HIPS is now in use on a variety of computers including Vax and
  Microvax, Sun, Apollo,  Masscomp,  NCR Tower, Iris, IBM AT, etc.
  For image display and input, drivers are supplied for the Grinnell and
  Adage (Ikonas) image processors, and the Sun-2, Sun-3, Sun- 4, and
  Sun-386i consoles.  We also  supply  user-contributed drivers  for  a
  number of  other framestores and windowing packages (Sun gfx, Sun
  console, Matrox VIP-1024, ITI IP-512, Lexidata,  Macintosh II, X
  windowing system, and Iris).  The Hipsaddon package includes an
  interface  for the  CRS-4000. It  is  a  simple matter to interface HIPS
  with other frame- stores, and we can put interested users in touch with
  users who  have interfaced HIPS with the Arlunya and Datacube Max-
  Video. HIPS can be easily adapted for other  image  display devices
  because 98% of HIPS is machine independent.

  Availability

  HIPS has proven itself a highly flexible  system,  both as  an
  interactive  research tool, and for more production- oriented tasks. It
  is both easy to use, and quickly adapted and extended to new uses. HIPS
  is supplied on magnetic tape in UNIX tar format (either reel- to-reel or
  Sun  cartridge), and comes with source code, libraries, a library of
  convolu- tion masks, and on-line documentation and manual pages.

  Michael Landy SharpImage Software P.O. Box 373, Prince Street Station
  New York, NY   10012-0007 Voice:  (212) 998-7857 Fax: (212) 995-4011
  msl@cns.nyu.edu


MIRA
----
[ Please DON'T confuse that with the Thalmanns animation system from
  Montreal. These are altogether different beasts! - nfotis ]

  MIRA stands for Microcomputer Image Reduction and Analysis.  MIRA gives
  workstation level performance on 386/486 DOS computers using SVGA cards in
  256 color modes up to 1024x768. MIRA contains a very handsome/functional
  GUI which is mouse and keystroke operated. MIRA reads/writes TIFF and FITS
  formats, native formats of a number of CCD cameras, and uncompressed binary
  images in byte, short integer, and 4-byte real pixel format in 1- or 2-
  dimensions. The result of an image processing operation can be short integer
  or real pixels, or the same as that of the input image. MIRA does the
  operation using short or floating point arithmetic to maintain the precision
  and accuracy of the pixel format. Over 100 functions are hand-coded in
  assembly language for maximum speed on the Intel hardware.  The entire
  graphical interface is also written in assembly language to maximize
  the speed of windowing operations.  Windows for 2-d image and 1-d image/data
  display and analysis have dedicated cursors which read position and value
  value in real time as you move the mouse.  There are also smooth, real time
  contrast and brightness stretch and panning of a magnified portion of
  the displayed image(s), all operated by the mouse. A wide selection of
  grayscale, pseudocolor, and random palettes is provided, and other 
  palettes can be generated.


Supported functions include such niceties as the following:

o  image & image: + - / * interpolation
o  image & constant: + - / *
o  unary operations: abs value, polynomial of pixel value, chs, 1/x, log,
   byteswap, clip values at upper/lower limits, short->real or real->short.
o  combine images by mean, median, mode, or sum of pixel values, with or
   without autoscaling to mean, median, or mode of an image section.
o  convolutions/filters: Laplacian, Sobel edge operator, directional gradient,
   line, Gaussian, elliptical and rectangular equal weight filters, unsharp
   masking, median filters, user defined filter kernel.  Ellipse, rectangle,
   line, gradient, Gaussian, and user defined filters can be rotated to
   any specified angle.
o  CCD data reduction: flat fielding, dark subtraction, column over/underscan
   bias removal, remove bad pixels and column defects, normalize to
   region target mean, median, or modal value.
o  create subimage, mosaic m x n 1-d or 2-d images to get larger image,
   collapse 2-d image into 1-d image.
o  plot 1-d section or collapsed section of 2-d image, plot histogram of
   region of an image.
o  review/change image information/header data, rename keywords, plot
   keyword values for a set of images.
o  luminance/photometry: elliptical or circular aperture photometry,
   brightness profile, isophotal photometry between set of upper & lower
   luminances, area and luminance inside traced polygon. Interactive
   background fitting and removal from part or all of image, fit elliptical
   aperture shape to image isophotes. 
o  interactive with 2-d image: contrast/brightness, x- y- or diagonal plot
   of pixel values, distance between two points, compute region stats,`
   centroid, pan to x,y location or image center, zoom 1/16 to 10 times,
   change cursor to rectangle crosshair, full image crosshair, or off, and
   adjust cursor size on image. Select linear, log or gamma transfer function
   or histogram equalization.
o  interactive or specified image offset computation and re-sampling for
   registration.
o  interactive with 1-d image: zoom in x- y- or both in steps of 1/2 or
   2 times current, re-center plot, or enlarge a framed area. 4 plot buffers
   can be cycled through. Interactive data analysis: polynomial fitting,
   point deletion, undelete, change value, point weighting, linear and
   quadratic loess and binomial smoothing, revert to unit point weights
   or original data buffer, substitute results into data buffer for pass
   back to calling function. Dump data buffer (+ overlays and error bars)
   to file or printer.  Change to user specified coordinate system.
o  Tricolor image combination and display, hardcopy halftone printout to
   HP-PCL compatible printers (Laserjet, deskjet, etc.)
o  Documentation is over 300 pages in custom vinyl binder.

  Cost: 995 $USD/copy

  Available from:

  Axiom Research, Inc.
  Box 44162
  Tucson, AZ  85733
  (602) 791-2864  phone/fax.

  international marketing rep: Saguaro Scientific Corporation, Tucson, Arizona.

==========================================================================

End of Part 2 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38376
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 3/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part3
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 3/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993


11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
======================================================

DEMs (Digital Elevation Models)
-------------------------------
  DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) as well as other cartographic data
  [huge] is available from spectrum.xerox.com [192.70.225.78], /pub/map.

  Contact:
  Lee Moore -- Webster Research Center, Xerox Corp. --
  Voice: +1 (716) 422 2496
  Arpa, Internet:  Moore.Wbst128@Xerox.Com
[ Check also on ncgia.ucsb.edu (128.111.254.105), /pub/dems -- nfotis ]

  Many of these files are also available on CD-ROM selled by USGS:
  "1:2,000,000 scale  Digital Line Graph (DLG) Data". Contains datas
  for all 50 states. Price is about $28, call to or visit in offices
  in Menlo Park, in Reston, Virginia (800-USA-MAPS).

  The Data User Services Division of the Bureau of the Census also has
  data on CD-ROM (TSO standard format) that is derived from USGS
  1:100,000 map data. Call (301) 763-4100 for more info or they have
  a BBS at (301) 763-1568.

[ From Dr.Dobbs #198 March 1993: ]

      "The U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, in cooperation with their counterpart
agencies in CANADA, the U.K., and Australia, have released the Digital Chart
of the World (DCW). This chart consists of over 1.5 gigabytes of reasonable
quality vector data distributed on four CD-ROMS. .... includes coastlines,
rivers, roads, railrays, airports,cities, towns, spot elevations, and depths,
and over 100,000 place names."

It is ISO9660 compatible and only $200.00 available from:

U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 25286
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225

Digital Distribution Services
Energy, Mines, and Resources Canada
615 Booth Street
Ottawa, ON
K1A 0E9 Canada

Director General of Military Survey
(Survey 3)
Elmwood Avenue
Feltham, Middlesex
TW13 7AH United Kingdom

Director of Survey, Australian Army
Department of Defense
Campbell Park Offices (CP2-4-24)
Campbell ACT 2601 Australia


Fractal Landscape Generators
----------------------------

Public Domain:

  Many people have written fractal landscape generators. for example
  for the Mac some of these generators were written by
  pdbourke@ccu1.aukuni.ac.nz (Paul D. Bourke).
  Many of the programs are available from the FTP sites and mail
  archive servers. Check with Archie.

Commercial:

  Vista Pro 3.0 for the Amiga from Virtual Reality Labs -- list price
  is about $100. Their address is:
	VRL
	2341 Ganador court
	San Luis Obispo,
	CA 93401
	Telephone or FAX (805) 545-8515

  Scenery Animator (also for the Amiga) is of the same caliber with Vista Pro 2.
  Check with:
	Natural Graphics
	P.O. Box 1963
	Raklin, CA 95677
	Phone (916) 624-1436

  Don't forget to ask about companion programs and data disks/tapes.

  Vista Pro 3 has been ported to the PCs.


CIA World Map II
----------------
[  NOTE: this database is quite out of date, and not topologically structured.
  If you need a standard for world cartographic data, wait for the
  Digital Chart of the World. This 1:1M database has been produced from
  the Defense Mapping Agency's ONCs and will be available, together with
  searching and viewing software, on a number of CD-ROMs later this summer. ]

  Check into HANAUMA.STANFORD.EDU and UCSD.EDU (see ftp list above)
  The CIA database consists of coastlines, rivers and political boundaries
  in the form of line strokes. Also on hanauma.stanford.edu is a 720x360
  array of elevation data, containing one ieee floating point number for
  every half degree longitude and latitude.
 
  A program for decoding the database, mfil, can be found on the machine
  pi1.arc.umn.edu (137.66.130.11).
  There's another program, which reads a compressed CIA Data Bank file and
  builds a PHIGS hierachical structure. It uses a PHIGS extension known as
  polyline sets for performance, but you can use regular polylines. Ask
  Joe Stewart <joes@lpi.liant.com>.
  The raw data at Stanford require the vplot package to be able to view it.
  (was posted in comp.sources.unix). To be more exact, you'll have to
  compile just the libvplot routines, not the whole package.

NCAR data
---------
  NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) has many types of
  terrain  data, ranging from elevation datasets at
  various resolutions, to information about soil types, vegetation, etc.
  This data is not free -- they charge from $40 to $90 or more, depending
  on the data volume and media (exabyte tape, 3480 cartridge, 9-track tape,
  IBM PC floppy, and FTP transfer are all available).  Their data archive
  is mostly research oriented, not hobbyist oriented.  For more information,
  email to ilana@ncar.ucar.edu.

UNC data tapes with voxel data
--------------
  There are 2 "public domain" tapes with data for the comparison and
  testing of various volume rendering algorithms (mainly MRI and CT
  scans). These tapes are distributed by the SoftLab of UNC @ Chapel Hill.
  (softlab@cs.unc.edu)

  The data sets (volume I and II) are also available via anonymous FTP from
  omicron.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159] in pub/softlab/CHVRTD

NASA
----
  Many US agencies such as NASA publish CD-ROMs with many altimetry data
  from various space missions, eg. Viking for Mars, Magellan for Venus,
  etc. Especially for NASA, I would suggest to call the following
  address for more info:

     National Space Science Date Center
     Goddard Space Flight Center
     Greenbelt, Maryland 20771
     Telephone: (301) 286-6695
     Email address:  request@nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov

  The data catalog (*not* the data itself) is available online.
  Internet users can telnet to nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov (128.183.10.4) and log
  in as 'NODIS' (no password).

  You can also dial in at (301)-286-9000 (300, 1200, or 2400 baud, 8 bits,
  no parity, one stop). At the "Enter Number:" prompt, enter MD and
  carriage return. When the system responds "Call Complete," enter a few
  more carriage returns to get the "Username:" and log in as 'NODIS' (no
  password).

  NSSDCA is also an anonymous FTP site, but no comprehensive list of
  what's there is available at present.

Earth Sciences Data
-------------------

  There's a listing of anonymous FTP sites for earth science data, including
  imagery. This listing is called "Earth Sciences Resources on Internet",
  and you can get it via anonymous FTP from csn.org [128.138.213.21]
  in the directory COGS under the name "internet.resources.earth.sci"

  Some sites include:
  aurelie.soest.hawaii.edu [128.171.151.121]: pub/avhrr/images - AVHRR images
  ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM  - images from
        Magellan and Viking missions etc.
        pub/SPACE/Index contains a listing of files available in the whole
        archive (the index is about 200K by itself). There's also an
        e-mail server for the people without Internet access: send a letter
        to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov (or ames!archive-server). In the
        subject of your letter (or in the body), use commands like:

        send SPACE Index
        send SPACE SHUTTLE/ss01.23.91

        (Capitalization is important! Only text files are handled by the
        email server at present)

  vab02.larc.nasa.gov [128.155.23.47]: pub/gifs/misc/landsat -
	Landsat photos in GIF and JPEG format
[ It was shut down - nfotis; anyone has a copy of this archive?? ]

Others
------
  Daily values of river discharge, streamflow, and daily weather data is
  available from EarthInfo, 5541 Central Ave., Boulder CO  80301.  These
  disks are expensive, around $500, but there are quantity discounts.
  (303) 938-1788.

  Check vmd.cso.uiuc.edu [128.174.5.98], the wx directory carries
  data regarding surface analysis, weather radar, and sat view pics in
  GIF format (updated hourly)

  pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217] is the Space and Planetary Image Facility
  (located on the University of New Mexico campus) FTP server. It provides
  Anonymous FTP access to >150 CD-ROMS  with data/images.

  A disk with earthquake data, topography, gravity, geopolitical info
  is available from NGDC (National Geophysical Data Center), 325 Broadway,
  Boulder, CO  80303.  (303) 497-6958.

  EOSAT (at least in the US) now sells Landsat MSS data older than two years
  old for $200 per scene, and they have been talking about a similar deal
  for Landsat TM data. The MSS data are 4 bands, 80 meter resolution.

  Check out anonymous FTP to ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in
  UNIX/PolyView/alpha-shape for a tool that creates convex hulls
  alpha-shapes (a generalization of the convex hull) from 3D point sets.

  The GRIPS II (Gov. Raster Image Processing Software) CD-ROM
  is available from CD-ROM Inc. at 1-800-821-5245 for $49.
  Code for viewing ADRG (Arc Digitised Raster Graphics) files is
  available on the GRIPS II CD-ROM. The U.S. Army Engineer 
  Topographic Labs (Juan Perez) code is also available via FTP
  ( adrg.zip archive in  spectrum.xerox.com )

NRCC range data
---------------
  Rioux M., Cournoyer L. "The NRCC Three-Dimensional Image Data Files",
  Tech. Report, CNRC 29077, National Research Council Canada,
  Ottawa, Canada, 1988
  [ From what I understand, these data are from a laser range finder,
   and you can a copy for research purposes ]

==========================================================================

12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data
===================================

a. Cyberware Labs, Monterey, CA, manufactures a 3D color laser digitizer
  which can be used to model parts of, or a complete, human body.
  They run a service bureau also, so they can digitize models for you.

  Address:
    Cyberware Labs, Inc
    8 Harris Ct, Suite 3D
    Monterey, CA 93940
  Phone: (408)373-1441, Fax: (408)373-3582

b. Polhemus makes a 6D input device (actually a couple of models)
  that senses position (3D) and *orientation* (+3D) based on electromagnetic
  field interference.  This equipment is also incorporated in the
  VPL Dataglove.
  This hardware is also called ISOTRACK, from Keiser Aerospace.

Ascension Technology makes a similar 3D input device.
There is a company, Applied Sciences(?), that makes a 3D input
device (position only) based on speed of sound triangulation.

c. A company that specializes in digitizing is Viewpoint. You can ask
   for Viewpoint's _free_ 100 page catalog full of ready to 
   ship datasets from categories such as cars, anatomy, aircraft,sports,
   boats, trains, animals and others. Though these objects are
   quite expensive, the cataloge is nevertheless of interest for it
   has pictures of all the available objects in wireframe , polygon mesh.

  Contact:

  Viewpoint,
  870 West Center,
  Orem, Utah 84057
  ph# 801-224-2222
  fax# 801-224-2272
  1-800-DATASET

------

  Some addresses for companies that make digitizers:

  Ascension Technology
  Bird, Flock of Birds, Big Bird: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 527,
  Burlington, VT 05402
  Phone: (802) 655-7879, Fax: (802) 655-5904

  Polhemus Incorporated
  Digitizer: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 560, Hercules Dr.
  Colchester, Vt. 05446
  Tel: (802) 655-3159

  Logitech Inc.
  Red Baron, ultrasonic 6D mouse
  6506 Kaiser Dr.
  Freemont, CA 94555
  Tel: (415) 795-8500w

  Shooting Star Technology
  Mechanical Headtracker
  1921 Holdom Ave.
  Burnaby, B.C. Canada V5B 3W4
  Tel: (604) 298-8574
  Fax: (604) 298-8580

  Spaceball Technologies, Inc.
  Spaceball: 6d stationary input device
  600 Suffolk Street
  Lowell, MA, 01854
  Tel: (508) 970-0330 
  Fax: (508) 970-0199
  Tel in Mountain View: (415) 966-8123 

  Transfinite Systems 
  Gold Brick: PowerGlove for Macintosh
  P.O. Box N
  MIT Branch Post Office
  Cambridge, MA 02139-0903
  Tel: (617) 969-9570
  email: D2002@AppleLink.Apple.com

  VPL Research, Inc.
  EyePhone: head-mounted display
  DataGlove: glove/hand input device
  VPL Research Inc.
  950 Tower Lane
  14th Floor
  Foster City, CA 94404
  Tel: (415) 312-0200
  Fax: (415) 312-9356

  SimGraphics Engineering
  Flying Mouse: 6d input device
  1137 Huntington Rd. Suite A-1
  South Pasadena, CA 91030-4563
  (213) 255-0900

========================================================================

13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
=========================================

 First, check in the FTP places that are mentioned in the FAQ or in the FTP
list above.

24-bit scanning:
----------------
  Get a good 24-bit scanner, like Epson's. Suggested is an SCSI port for
  speed. Eric Haines had a suggestion in RT News, Volume 4, #3 :
  scan textures for wallpapers and floor coverings, etc. from doll
  house supplies.
  So you have a rather cheap way to scan patterns that don't have
  scaling troubles associated with real materials and scanning area.

Books with textures:
--------------------
  Find some houses/books/magazines that carry photographic material.
  Educorp, 1-619-536-9999, sells CD-ROMS with various imagery - also
  a wide variety of stock art is available.
  Stock art from big-name stock art houses, such as Comstock,
  UNIPHOTO, and Metro Image Base, is available.

  In Italy, there's a company called Belvedere that makes such books
  for the purpose of clipping their pages for inclusion in your
  graphics work. Their address is:
	Edition Belvedere Co. Ltd.,
	00196 Rome Italy,
	Piazzale Flaminio, 19
	Tel. (06) 360-44-88, Fax (06)  360-29-60

Texture Libraries:
------------------
a. Mannikin Sceptre Graphics announced TexTiles, a set of 256x256 24-bit
   textures. Initial shipments in 24-bit IFF (for Amigas), soon in 24-bit
   TIFF format. Algorithmically built for tiled surfaces. SRP is $40 / volume
   (each volume = 40 images @ 10 disks). Demo disks for $5 are available.

   Contact:
   Mannikin Sceptre Graphics
   1600 Indiana Ave.
   Winter Park, FL 32789
   Phone: (407) 384-9484
   FAX: (407) 647-7242

b. ESSENCE is a library of 65 (sixty-five) new algoritmic textures for Imagine
   by Impulse, Inc. These textures are FULLY compatible with the floating point
   versions of Imagine 2.0, Imagine 1.1, and even Turbo Silver.
   Written by Steve Worley.

   For more info contact:
   Essence Info
   Apex Software Publishing
   405 El Camino Real Suite 121
   Menlo Park CA 94025 USA

[ What about Texture City ?? ]

==========================================================================

14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
========================================

a. Ray-Tracing:
---------------

  I assume you have a general understanding of Computer Graphics. No? Then read
  some of the books that the FAQ contains. For Ray-Tracing, I would
  suggest:
   An Introduction to Ray Tracing, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press
     1989, ISBN 0-12-286160-4
  Note that I have not read the book, but I feel that you can't be wrong
  using his book. An errata list was posted in comp.graphics by Eric Haines
  (erich@eye.com)

There's a more concise reference also:

  Roman Kuchkuda , UNC @ Chapel Hill: "An Introduction to Ray Tracing", in
  "Theoretical Foundations for Computer Graphics and CAD", ed. R.A.E.Earnshaw,
  NATO AS, Vol. F-40., pp. 1039-1060. Printed by Springer-Verlag, 1988.

It contains code for a small, but fundamentally complete ray-tracer.

b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
--------------------------

A good reference is:

        _Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics_, David F. Rogers,
        McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985, pages 265-272 and 280-284.

c. Others:
----------
???
[ More info is needed -- nfotis ]

========================================================================

15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
================================================

a. Teapot ?
-----------

"Displays on Display" column of IEEE CG&A Jan '87 has the whole
story about origin of the Martin Newell's teapot. The article also has
the bezier patch model and a Pascal program to display the wireframe
model of the teapot.

IEEE CG&A Sep '87 in Jim Blinn's column "Jim Blinn's Corner" describes
an another way to model the teapot; Bezier curves with rotations for
example are used.

The OFF and SPD packages have these objects, so you're advised to get
them to avoid typing the data yourself.  The OFF data is triangles at
a specific resolution (around 8x8[x4 triangles] meshing per patch).
The SPD package provides the spline patch descriptions and performs a
tessellation at any specified resolution.

b. Space Shuttle ?
------------------

Tolis Lerios <tolis@nova.stanford.edu> has built a list of Space Shuttle
datafiles. Here's a summary (From his sci.space list):

model1:
A modified version of the newsgroup model (model2)

406 vertices (296 useful, i.e. referred to in the polygon descriptions.)
389 polygons (233 3-vertex, 146 4-vertex, 7 5-vertex, 3 6-vertex).
Payload doors non-existent.
Units: unknown.

Simon Marshall (S.Marshall@sequent.cc.hull.ac.uk) has a copy. He
said there is no proprietary information associated with it.

model2:
The newsgroup model, in OFF format. You can find it in

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au , file pub/off/objects/shuttle.geo
hanauma.stanford.edu ,  /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics/objects/shuttle.data

model3:
The triangles' model.

This model is stored in several files, each defining portions of the model.

Greg Henderson (henders@infonode.ingr.com) has a copy.  He did
not mention any restriction on the model's distribution.

model4:
The NASA model.

The file starts off with a header line containing three real numbers,
defining the offsets used by Lockheed in their simulations:

<x offset> <y offset> <z offset>

From then on, the file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions

3473 vertices.
2748 polygons (407 3-vertex, 2268 4-vertex, 33 5-vertex, 14 6-vertex,
 10 7-vertex, 8 8-vertex, 8 12-vertex, 2 13-vertex, 2 15-vertex,
 17 16-vertex, 2 17-vertex, 2 18-vertex, 3 19-vertex, 8 24-vertex).
Payload doors closed.
Units: inches.

Jon Berndt (jon@l14h11.jsc.nasa.gov) seems to be responsible for the model
Proprietary info: unknown

model5:
The old shuttle model.

The file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions.

104 vertices.
452 polygons (11 3-vertex, 41 4-vertex).
Payload doors open.
Units: meters.

We have been using this model at STAR Labs, Stanford University, for
some years now. Contact me (tolis@nova.stanford.edu) or my supervisor
Scott Williams (scott@star5.stanford.edu) if you want a copy.

========================================================================

16. Image annotation software
=============================

a. Touchup runs in Sunview and is pretty good.  It reads in
  rasterfiles, but even if your image isn't normally stored
  in rasterfile format you could use screendump to make it a
  rasterfile.

b. Idraw (part of Stanford's InterViews distribution) can handle some
  image formats in addition to being a MacDraw like tool.  I'm not
  sure exactly what they are.
  You can ftp the idraw's binary from interviews.stanford.edu.

c. Tgif is another MacDraw like tool that can handle X11 bitmap (xbm)
  and X11 pixmap (xpm) formats.  If the image you have is in formats
  other than xbm or xpm, you can get the pbmplus toolkit to convert
  things like gif or even some Macintosh formats to xpm.
  Tgif's sources are available in the pub directory on cs.ucla.edu
  (Version 2.12 of tgif at patchlevel 7 plus patch8 and patch9)

d. Use the editimage facility of KHOROS (see below).
  This is just one utility in the overall system- you can essentially do all
  your image processing and macdraw-type graphics using this package.

e. You might be able to get by with PBMPlus.  pbmtext gives you text output
  bitmaps which can be overlaid on top of your image.

f. 'ice' requires Sun hardware running OpenWindows 3.It's a PostScript-based
  graphical editor,and it's available for anonymous ftp from Internet host
  eo.soest.hawaii.edu (128.171.151.12). Requires Sun C++ 2.0 and
  two other locally developed packages, the LXT library (an Xlib-based
  toolkit) and a small C++ class library. All files (pub/ice.tar.Z,
  pub/lxt.tar.Z and pub/ldgoc++.tar.Z) are available in compressed
  tar format. pub/ice.tar.Z contains a README that gives installation
  instructions, as well as an extensive man page (ice.1).
  A statically-linked compressed executable pub/ice-sun4.Z for
  SPARC systems is also available for ftp.

  All software is the property of Columbia University and may not
  be redistributed without permission.

  ice means Image Composition Environment and it's an imaging tool that
  allows raster images to be combined with a wide variety of
  PostScript annotations in WYSIWYG fashion via X11 imaging
  routines and NeWS PostScript rasterizing.

g. Use ImageMagick to annotate an image from your X server.  Pick the 
  position of your text with the cursor and choose your font and pen 
  color from a pull-down menu.  ImageMagick can read and write many
  of the more popular image formats.  ImageMagick is available as
  export.lcs.mit.edu: contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z or at your nearest
  X11 archive.

========================================================================

17. Scientific visualization stuff
==================================

X Data Slice (xds)
-------------------
  Bundled with the X11 distribution from MIT,
  in the contrib directory. Available at ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50]
  (either as a source or binaries for various platforms).

National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Tool Suite
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Platforms: Unix Workstations (DEC, IBM, SGI, Sun)
           Apple MacIntosh
           Cray supercomputers

Availability: Now available.  Source code in the public domain.
              FTP from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

Contact: National Center for Supercomputing Applications
         Computing Applications Building
         605 E. Springfield Ave.
         Champaign, IL 61820

Cost: Free (zero dollars).

The suite includes tools for 2D image and 3D scene analysis and visualization.
The code is actively maintained and updated.

Spyglass
--------
  They sell commercial versions of the NCSA tools. Examples are:

	Spyglass Dicer (3D volumetric data analysis package)
		Platform: Mac

	Spyglass Transform (2D data analysis package)
		Platforms: Mac, SGI, Sun, DEC, HP, IBM

  Contact:
  Spyglass, Inc.
  P.O. Box 6388
  Champaign, IL  61826
  (217) 355-6000

KHOROS 1.0 Patch 5
------------------
  Available via anonymous ftp at pprg.eece.unm.edu (129.24.24.10).
  cd to /pub/khoros to see what is available. It is HUGE (> 100 MB), but good.
  Needs Unix and X11R4. Freely copied (NOT PD), complete with sources
  and docs. Very extensive and at its heart is visual programming.
  Khoros components include a visual programming language, code
  generators for extending the visual language and adding new application
  packages to the system, an interactive user interface editor, an
  interactive image display package, an extensive library of image and
  signal processing routines, and 2D/3D plotting packages.

  See comp.soft-sys.khoros on Usenet and the relative FAQ for more info....

  Contact:

  The Khoros Group
  Room 110 EECE Dept.
  University of New Mexico
  Albuquerque, NM 87131

  Email: khoros-request@chama.eece.unm.edu


MacPhase
--------
  Analysis & Visualization Application for the Macintosh.
  Operates on 1D and 2D data arrays. Import/Export several different file
  formats.  Several different plotting options such as gray scale,
  color raster, 3D Wire frame, 3D surface, contour, vector, line, and
  combinations.  FFTs, filtering, and other math functions, color look up
  editor, array calculator, etc. Shareware, available via anonymous ftp from
  sumex-aim.stanford.edu in the info-mac/app directory.
  For other information contact Doug Norton (e-mail: 74017.461@@compuserve.com)


IRIS Explorer
-------------
  It's an application creation system developed by Silicon
  Graphics that provides visualisation and analysis functionality for
  computational scientists, engineers and other scientists. The Explorer
  GUI allows users to build custom applications without having to write
  any, or a minimal amount of, traditonal code. Also, existing code can
  be easily integrated into the Explorer environment. Explorer currently
  is available now on SGI and Cray machines, but will become available on
  other platforms in time. [ Bundled with every new SGI machine, as far as
  I know]

  See comp.graphics.explorer or comp.sys.sgi for discussion of the package.

  There are also two FTP servers for related stuff, modules etc.:

  ftp.epcc.ed.ac.uk [129.215.56.29]
  swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] - mirror of the UK site

apE
---
  Back in the 'old good days', you could get apE for nearly free.
  Now has gone commercial and the following vendor supplies it:

  TaraVisual Corporation
  929 Harrison Avenue
  Columbus, Ohio 43215
  Tel: 1-800-458-8731 and (614) 291-2912
  Fax: (614) 291-2867

        Cost:
  $895 (plus tax); runtime version with a site-license for a single user
  (at a time), no limit on the number of machines in a cluster.
  $895 includes support/maintenance and upgrades.
  Source code more.  Additional user licenses $360.

  The name of the package has become apE III (TM).
  Khoros is very similar to apE on philosophy, as are AVS and Explorer.

AVS
---
See also:
        comp.graphics.avs

Platforms: CONVEX, CRAY, DEC, Evans & Sutherland, HP, IBM, Kubota,
Set Technologies, SGI, Stardent, SUN, Wavetracer
Availability: AVS4 available on all the above:
  For all UNIX workstations.

Contact:
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc.
  300 Fifth Ave.
  Waltham, MA    02154

  (617)-890-4300   Telephone
  (617)-890-8287   Fax
  avs@avs.com      Email

  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. for: CRAY, HP, IBM, SGI, Stardent, SUN
  CONVEX for CONVEX
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or CRAY for CRAY
  DEC for DEC
  Evans & Sutherland for Evans & Sutherland
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or IBM for IBM
  Kubota Pacific Inc. for Kubota
  Set Technologies for Set Technologies
  Wavetracer for Wavetracer

  FTP Site: for modules, data sets, other info:
	avs.ncsc.org (128.109.178.23)

WIT
---
  In a nutshell it's a package of the same genre as AVS,Explorer,etc.
  It seems more a image processing system than a generic SciVi system (IMHO)
  Major elements are:

  - a visual programming language, which automatically exploits the inherent
        parallelism
  - a code generator which converts the graph to a standalone program

  Iconified libraries present a rich set of point, filter, io, transform,
  morphological, segmentation, and measurement operations.
  A flow library allows graphs to employ broadcast, merge,
  synchronization, conditional, and sequencing control strategies.

  WIT delivers an object-oriented, distributed, visual programming
  environment which allows users to rapidly design solutions to their
  imaging problems. Users can consolidate both software and hardware
  developments within a complete CAD-like workspace by adding their
  own operators (C functions), objects (data structures), and servers
  (specialized hardware). WIT runs on Sun, HP9000/7xx, SGI and supports
  Datacube MV-20/200 hardware allowing you to run your graphs in real-time.

  For a free WIT demo disk, call, FAX, or e-mail (poon@ee.ubc.ca)
  us stating your complete name, address, voice, FAX, e-mail info.
  and desired platform.

  Pricing: WIT for Sparc, one yr. free upgrades, 30 days
  technical support....................$5000 US

  Academic institutions: discounts available


  Contact:
  Logical Vision Ltd.
  Suite 108-3700 Gilmore Way
  Burnaby, B.C., CANADA
  V5G 4M1
  Tel: 604-435-2587
  Fax: 604-435-8840

  Terry Arden <poon@ee.ubc.ca>

VIS-5D
------
  A system for visually exploring the output of 5-D gridded data sets
  such as those made by weather models. Platforms:

    SGI IRIS with VGX, GTX, TG, or G graphics,
    SGI Crimson or Indigo (R4000, Elan graphics suggested), IRIX 4.0.x
    IBM RS/6000 with GL graphics, AIX version 3 or later;
    Stardent GS-1000 and GS-2000 (with TrueColor display)

  In any case, 32 (or more) MB of RAM are suggested.

  You can get it freely (thanks to NASA support) via anonymous ftp:

 ftp iris.ssec.wisc.edu  (or ftp 144.92.108.63), then

  ftp> cd pub/vis5d
  ftp> ascii
  ftp> get README
  ftp> bye

 NOTE: You can find the package also on wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
 graphics/graphics/packages directory.

  Read section 2 of the README file for full instructions
  on how to get and install VIS-5D.

  Contact:
  Bill Hibbard (whibbard@vms.macc.wisc.edu)
  Brian Paul (bpaul@vms.macc.wisc.edu)

DATAexplorer (IBM)
------------------
  Platforms : IBM Risc System 6000, IBM POWER Visualization Server
        (SIMD mesh 32 i860s, 40 MHz)

  Working on (announced) : SGI, HP, Sun

  Contact:
  Your local IBM Rep.  For a trial package ask your rep to contact :

  David Kilgore
  Data Explorer Product Marketing
  YKTVMH(KILCORE), (708) 981-4510

Wavefront
---------
  Data Visualizer, Personal Visualizer, Advanced Visualizer.
  Platforms: SGI, SUN, IBM RS6000, HP, DEC

  Availability:
    Available on all the above platforms from Wavefront
    Technologies.  Educational programs and site licenses are
    available.

  Contacts:
    Mike Wilson (mike@wti.com)

    Wavefront Technologies, Inc.
    530 East Montecito Street
    Santa Barbara, CA 93103
    805-962-8117
    FAX: 805-963-0410

    Wavefront Europe
    Guldenspoorstraat 21-23
    B-9000 Gent, Belgium
    32-91-25-45-55
    FAX: 32-91-23-44-56

    Wavefront Technologies Japan
    17F Shinjuku-sumitomo Bldg
    2-6-1  Nishi-shinjuku, Shunjuku-Ku
    Tokyo 168 Japan
    81-3-3342-7330
   FAX 81-3-3342-7353


PLOT3D and FAST from NASA Ames
------------------------------
  These packages are distributed from COSMIC at least
  (for FAST ask Pat Elson <pelson@nas.nasa.gov> for
  distribution information). In general, these codes are for US
  citizens only :-(

XGRAPH
------
  On the contrib tape of X11R5. Its specialty is display of up
  to 64 data sets (2D).

NCAR
----
  National Center for Atmospheric Research. One of the original graphics
  packages. Runs on Sun, RS6000, SGI, VAX, Cray Y-MP, DecStations, and more.

  Contact:
	Graphics Information
	NCAR Scientific Computing Division
	P.O. Box 3000
	Boulder, CO   80307-3000
	(303)-497-1201
	scdinfo@ncar.ucar.edu

  Cost:
	.edu
	$750 Unlimited users

	.gov
	$750 1 user
	$1500 5 users
	$3000 25 users

	.com users multiply .gov * 2.0

IDL
---
  An environment for scientific computing and visualization.
  Based on an array oriented language, IDL includes 2D and 3D
  graphics, matrix manupulation, signal and image processing,
  basic statistics, gridding, mapping, and a widget based system
  for building GUI for IDL applications (Open Look, Motif, or
  MS-Windows).

  Environments:  DEC (VMS and Ultrix), HP, IBM RS6000, SGI, Sun,
          Microsoft Windows.  (Mac version in progress)
  Cost:  $1500 to $3750, Educational and quantity discounts
          available.
  See also:   comp.lang.idl-pvwave (the IDL-PVWAVE bundle)
  Contact:    Research Systems Inc.
              777 29th Street, Suite 302
              Boulder, CO  80303
              Phone:  303-786-9900
              FAX:    303-786-9909
              E-mail: info@rsinc.com
  Demo available via FTP.  Call or E-mail for details.

IDL/SIPS
--------
  "A lot of people are using IDL with a package called SIPS. This was
  developed at the University of Colorado (Boulder) by some people working
  for Alex Goetz.  You might try contacting them if you already have IDL
  or would be willing to buy it.  It's a few thousand dollars (American) I
  expect for IDL and the other should be free.  Those are the general
  purpose packages I've heard of, besides what TerraMar has.
  SIPS _was_ written for AVIRIS imagery.  I'm not sure how general purpose
  it is.  You would have to contact Goetz or one of his people and ask.  I
  have another piece of software (PCW) that does PC and Walsh
  transformations with pseudocoloring and clustering and limited image
  modification (you can compute an image using selected components).  I've
  used it on 70 megabyte AVIRIS images without problems, but for the best
  speed you need an external DSP card.  It will work without it, but large
  images take quite a while (50-70 times as long) to process.  That's a
  freebie if you want it"

  "My  favorite is IDL (Interactive Data Language) from Research Systems,
  Inc.  IDL is in my opinion, much better and infinitely easier. Its
  programming language is very strong and easy -- very Pascal-like. It
  handles the number-crunching very well, also. Personally, I like doing
  the number-crunching with IDL on the VAX (or Mathematica, Igor, or even
  Excel on the Mac if it's not too hairy), then bringing it over to NIH
  Image for the imaging part. I have yet to encounter any situation which
  that combination couldn't handle, and the speed and ease of use
  (compared to IRAF) was incredible. By the way, it's mostly astronomical
  image processing which I've been doing. This means image enhancement,
  cleaning up bad lines/pixels, and some other traditional image
  processing routines. Then, for example, taking a graph of intensity
  versus position along a line I choose with the mouse, then doing a curve
  fit to that line (which I might do like in KaleidaGraph.) "

[ For IDL call Research Systems , for PV-WAVE call Precision Visuals and
 for SIPS call University of Colorado @ Boulder . From what I can
 understand, you can get packaged programs from Research Systems, though
 -- nfotis ]

Visual3
-------
  contact Robert Haimes, MIT

FieldView
---------
 An interactive program designed to assist an engineer in
 investigating fluid dynamics data sets.          

 Platforms:  SGI, IBM, HP, SUN, X-terminals

 Availability:  Currently available on all of the above
       platforms.  Educational programs and volume 
       discounts are available.

 Contact:

 Intelligent Light 
 P.O. Box 65
 Fair Lawn, NJ 07410
 (201)794-7550
        
 Steve Kramer (kramer@ilight.com)


SciAn
------
  SciAn is primarily intended to do 3-D visualizations of data in an 
  interactive environment with the ability to generate animations using
  frame-accurate video recording devices.  A user manual, on-line help, and
  technical notes will help you use the program.

  Cost : 0 (Free), source code provided via ftp.
  Platforms : SGI 4D machines and IBM RS/6000 with the GL card + Z-buffer

  Where to find it:
  ftp.scri.fsu.edu [144.174.128.34] : /pub/SciAn
	A mirror is monu1.cc.monash.edu.au [130.194.1.101] : /pub/SciAn

SCRY
----
[ From the README : ]

      Scry is a distributed image handling system  that  pro-
 vides image transport and compression on local and wide area
 networks, image viewing on workstations, recording on  video
 equipment,  and  storage on disk.  The system can be distri-
 buted among workstations, between supercomputers and  works-
 tations,  and between supercomputers, workstations and video
 animation controllers.  The system is most commonly used  to
 produce  video based movie displays of images resulting from
 visualization of time dependent data, complex 3D data  sets,
 and  image  processing  operations.   Both  the  clients and
 servers run on a variety of systems that provide UNIX-like C
 run-time environments, and 4BSD sockets.
 
 The source is available for anonymous ftp:
 
 csam.lbl.gov [128.3.254.6] : pub/scry.tar.Z
 
 Contact:
 
 Bill Johnston, (wejohnston@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!johnston)

       or

 David Robertson (dwrobertson@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!davidr)
 
 Imaging Technologies Group
 MS 50B/2239
 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
 1 Cyclotron Road
 Berkeley, CA  94720


SVLIB / FVS
-----------
  SVLIB is an X-Windows widget set based on the OSF (Open Software 
  Foundation) Motif widget set. SVLIB widgets are macro-widgets 
  comprising lower level Motif widgets such as buttons, scrollbars, 
  menus, and drawing areas. It is designed to address the reusability 
  of 2D visualization routines and each widget in the library is an 
  encapsulation of a specific visualization technique such as colormap 
  manipulation, image display, and contour plotting. It is targetted
  to run on UNIX workstations supporting OSF/Motif. Currently, only 
  color monitors are supported. Since SVLIB is a collection of widgets 
  developed in the same spirit as the OSF/Motif user interface widget 
  set, it integrates seamlessly with the Motif widgets. Programmers 
  using SVLIB widgets see the same interface and design as other 
  Motif widgets.

  FVS is a visualization software for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 
  simulations.  FVS is designed to accept data generated from these
  simulations and apply various visualization techniques to present these
  data graphically. 
  FVS accepts three-dimensional multi-block data recorded in NCSA HDF format.

 iti.gov.sg [192.122.132.130] : /pub/svlib (Scientific Visualization)
      /pu/fvs; These directories contain demo binaries for Sun4/SGI

  Cost : US$200 for academic and US$300 for non-academic institutions.
  (For each of the above items). You're getting the source for the licence.

  Contact
  -------
  Miss Quek Lee Hian
  Member of Technical Staff
  Information Technology Institute
  National Computer Board
  NCB Building
  71, Sicence Park Drive
  Singapore 0511
  Republic of Singapore
  Tel : (65)7720435
  Fax : (65)7795966
  Email : leehian@iti.gov.sg


---------------------------------------------------------
GVLware Distribution:
        Bob  - An interactive volume renderer for the SGI
        Raz  - A disk based movie player for the SGI
        Icol - Motif color editor
---------------------------------------------------------

The Army High Performance Computing Research Center (AHPCRC) has been
developing a set of tools to work with large time dependent 2D and 3D
data sets.  In the Graphics and Visualization Lab (GVL) we are using
these tools along side standard packages, such as SGI Explorer and the
Utah Raster Toolkit, to render 3D volumes and create digital movies.
A couple of the more general purpose programs have been bundled into a
package called "GVLware".

GVLware, currently consisting of Bob, Raz and Icol, is now available
via ftp.  The most interesting program is probably Bob, an interactive
volume renderer for the SGI.  Raz streams raster images from disk to
an SGI screen, enabling movies larger than memory to be played.  Icol
is a color map editor that works with Bob and Raz.  Source and
pre-built binaries for IRIX 4.0.5 are included.

To acquire GVLware, anonymous ftp to:
        machine - ftp.arc.umn.edu
        file    - /pub/gvl.tar.Z

To use GVLware:
        mkdir gvl ; cd gvl
        zcat gvl.tar.Z | tar xvf -
        more README

Some Bob features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Renders 64 cubed data set in 0.1 to 1.0 seconds on a VGX
        Alpha Compositing and Maximum Value rendering, in perspective
            (only Maximum Value rendering on Personal Iris)
        Data must be a "Brick of Bytes", on a regularly spaced grid
        Animation, subvolumes, subsampling, stereo

Some Raz features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Loads files to a raw disk partition, then streams to screen
            (requires an empty disk partition to be set aside)
        Script interface available for movie sequences
        Can stream from memory, like NCSA XImage
        
Some Icol features:
        Motif interface
        Easy to create interpolated color maps between key points
        RGB, HSV and YUV color spaces, multiple file formats
        Communicates changes automatically to Bob and Raz
        Has been tested on SGI, Sun, DEC and Cray systems

BTW:    Bob  == Brick of Bytes
        Icol == Interpolated Color
        Raz  == ? (just a name)

Please send any comments to
        gvlware@ahpcrc.umn.edu

This software collection is supported by the Army Research Office
contract number DAALO3-89-C-0038 with the University of Minnesota Army
High Performance Computing Research Center.


IAP
---
  Imaging Applications Platform is a commercial package for medical and
  scientific visualization. It does volume rendering, binary surface
  rendering, multiplanar reformating, image manipulation, cine sequencing,
  intermixes geometry and text with images and provides measurement and
  coordinate transform abilities.

  It can provide hardcopy on most medical film printers, image database
  functionality and interconnection to most medical (CT/MRI/etc) scanners.

  It is client/server based and provides an object oriented interface. It
  runs on most high performance workstations and takes full advantage of
  parallelism where it is available. It is robust, efficient and
  will be submitted for FDA approval for use in medical applications.

  Cost: $20K for OEM developer, $10K for educational developer
  and run times starting at $8900 and going down based on quantity.

  The developer packages include two days training for two people in Toronto.

  Available from:

  ISG Technologies
  6509 Airport Road
  Mississauga, Ontario,
  Canada, L4V-1S7

  (416) 672-2100
  e-mail: Rod Gilchrist <rod@isgtec.com>

========================================================================

18. Molecular visualization stuff
=================================

[ Based on a list from cristy@dupont.com < Cristy > , which asked for
 systems for displaying Molecular Dynamics, MD for short ]

Flex
----
  It is a public domain package written by Michael Pique, at The Scripps
  Research Institute, La Jolla, CA. Flex is stored as a compressed,
  tar'ed archive (about 3.4MB) at perutz.scripps.edu [137.131.152.27], in
  pub/flex. It displays molecular models and MD trajectories.

MacMolecule
-----------
  (for Macintosh). I searched with Archie, and the most
  promising place is sumex-aim.stanford.edu (info-mac/app, and
  info-mac/art/qt for a demo)

MD-DISPLAY
----------
  Runs on SGI machines. Call Terry Lybrand (lybrand@milton.u.washington.edu).

XtalView
--------
  It is a crystallography package that does visualize molecules and much more.
  It uses the XView toolkit.
  Call Duncan McRee <dem@scripps.edu>

landman@hal.physics.wayne.edu:
-----------------------------
  I am writing my own visualization code right now.  I look at MD output
  (a specific format, easy to alter for the subroutine) on PC's.  My
  program has hooks into GKS.  If your friend has access to Phigs for X
  (PEX) and fortran bindings, I would be happy to share my evolving code
  (free of charge).  Right now it can display supercells of up to 65
  atoms (easy to change), and up to 100 time steps, drawing nearest
  neighbor bonds between 2 defining nn radii.  It works acceptably fast
  on a 10Mhz 286.

icsg0001@caesar.cs.montana.edu:
------------------------------
  I did a project on Molecular Visualization for my Master's Thesis, using
  UNIX/X11/Motif which generates a simple point and space-filling model.

KGNGRAF
-------

KGNGRAF is part of MOTECC-91. Look on malena.crs4.it (156.148.7.12),
in pub/motecc.

motecc.info.txt          Information about MOTECC-91 in plain ascii format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.troff        Information about MOTECC-91 in troff format.
motecc.form.troff        MOTECC-91 order form in troff format.
motecc.license.troff     MOTECC-91 license agreement in troff format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.ps           Information about MOTECC-91 in PostScript format.
motecc.form.ps           MOTECC-91 order form in PostScript format.
motecc.license.ps        MOTECC-91 license agreement in PostScript format.


ditolla@itnsg1.cineca.it:
------------------------
  I'm working on molecular dynamic too.  A friend of mine and I have

  developed a program to display an MD run dynamically on Silicon
  Graphics.  We are working to improve it, but it doesn't work under X,
  we are using the graphi. lib. of the Silicon Gr. because they are much
  faster then X.  When we'll end it we'll post on the news info about
  where to get it with ftp. (Will be free software).

XBall V2.0
----------
  Written by David Nedde. Call daven@maxine.wpi.edu.

XMol
----
  An X Window System program that uses OSF/Motif  for  the
  display and  analysis  of  molecular  model data.  Data from several
  common file formats can be read and written; current formats include:
  Alchemy, CHEMLAB-II, Gaussian, MOLSIM, MOPAC, PDB, and MSCI's XYZ
  format (which has been designed  for  simplicity  in  translating to
  and from other formats). XMol also allows for conversion between
  several of these formats.
  Xmol is available at ftp.msc.edu. Read pub/xmol/README for
  further details.

INSIGHT II
----------
  from BIOSYM Technologies Inc.

SCARECROW
---------
  The program has been published in J. Molecular Graphics 10
  (1992) 33. The program can analyze and display CHARMM, DISCOVER, YASP
  and MUMOD trajectories. The program package contains also software for
  the generation of probe surfaces, proton affinity
  surfaces and molecular orbitals from an extended Huckel program.
  It works on Silicon Graphics machines.
  Contact Leif Laaksonen <Leif.Laaksonen@csc.fi or laaksone@csc.fi>

MULTI
-----
ns.niehs.nih.gov [157.98.8.8] : /pub - MULTI 3.0 (Multi-Process
		Molecular Modeling Suite)

+MindTool
+--------
+  It runs under SunView, and requires a fortran compiler and Sun's CGI
+  libraries. MindTool is a tool  provided  for  the  interactive  graphic
+  manipulation  of  molecules  and  atoms. Currently, up to 10,000
+  atoms may be input.
+  Available via anonymous FTP, at rani.chem.yale.edu, directory
+  /pub/MindTool ( Check with Archie for other  sites if that's too far )

[ I would also suggest looking at least in SGI's Applications Directory.
 It contains many more packages - nfotis ]

===========================================================================

19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)
===================================================

GRASS
-----
  (Geographic Resource Analysis Support System) of the US Army
  Construction Engineering Research Lab (CERL). It is a popular geographic and
  remote sensing image processing package. Many may think of GRASS as a
  Geographic Information System rather than an Image Processing package,
  although it is reported to have significant image processing
  capabilities.

  Feature Descriptions

  I use GRASS  because it's public domain and can be obtained through the
  internet for free.  GRASS runs in Unix and is written in C.  The source
  code can be obtained through an anonymous ftp from the Office of Grass
  Integration.  You then compile the source code for your machine, using
  scripts provided with GRASS.  I would recommend GRASS for someone who
  already has a workstation and is on a limited budget. GRASS is not very
  user-friendly, compared to Macintosh software." A first review  of
  overview documentation indicates that it looks useful and has some pixel
  resampling functions not in other packages plus good general purpose
  image enhancement routines (fft). Kelly Maurice at Vexcel Corp. in
  Boulder, CO is a primary user of GRASS .  This gentleman has used the
  GRASS software and developed multi-spectral (238 bands ??) volumetric
  rendering, full color, on Suns and Stardents. It was a really effective
  interface.  Vexcel Corp. currently has a contract to map part of Venus
  and convert the Magellan radar data into contour maps. You can call them
  at (303) 444-0094 or email care of greg@vexcel.com 192.92.90.68

  Host Configuration Requirements

  If you are willing to run A/UX you could install GRASS   on a Macintosh
  which has significant image analysis and import capabilities for
  satellite data. GRASS  is public-domain, and can run on a high-end PC
  under UNIX. It is raster-based, has some image-processing capability,
  and can display vector data (but analysis must be done in the raster
  environment). I have used GRASS V.3 on a SUN workstation and found it
  easy to use. It is best, of course, for data that are well represented
  in raster (grid-cell) form.

  Availability

  CERL's Office of Grass Integration (OGI)  maintains an ftp server:
  moon.cecer.army.mil (129.229.20.254).

  Mail regarding this site should be addressed to
  grass-ftp-admin@moon.cecer.army.mil.

  This location will be the new "canonical" source for GRASS software, as
  well as bug fixes, contributed sources, documentation, and other files.
  This FTP server also supports dynamic compression and uncompression and
  "tar" archiving of files.  A feature attraction of the server is John
  Parks' GRASS tutorial.  Because the manual is still in beta-test stage,
  John requests that people only acquire it if they are willing to review
  it and mail him comments/corrections. The OGI is not currently
  maintaining this document, so all correspondence about it should be
  directed to grassx@tang.uark.edu

  Support

  Listserv mailing lists:

  grassu-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS users; application-level
  questions, support concerns, miscellaneous questions, etc) Send
  subscribe commands to grassu-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  grassp-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS programmers; system-level
  questions and tips, tricks, and techniques of design and implementation
  of GRASS applications) Send subscribe commands to
  grassp-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  Both lists are maintained by the Office of Grass Integration (subset of
  the Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Lab in
  Champaign, IL). The OGI is providing the lists as a service to the
  community; while OGI and CERL employees will participate in the lists,
  we can make no claim as to content or veracity of messages that pass
  through the list.  If you have questions, problems, or comments, send
  E-mail to lists-owner@amber.cecer.army.mil and a human will respond.

Microstation Imager
-------------------
  Intergraph (based in Huntsville Alabama) sells a wide range of GIS
  software/hardware. Microstation is a base  graphics package that Imager
  sits on top of. Imager is basically an  image processing package with a
  heavy GIS/remote sensing flavor.

  Feature Description

  Basic geometry manipulations: flip, mirror, rotate, generalized affine.
  Rectification: Affine, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th order models as well as a
  projective model (warp an image to a vector map or to another image).
  RGB to IHS and IHS to RGB conversion.  Principal component analysis.
  Classification: K-means and isodata.  Fourier Xforms: Forward, filtering
  and reverse.  Filters: High pass, low pass, edge enhancing, median,
  generic.  Complex Histogram/Contrast control.  Layer Controller: manages
  up to 64 images at a time -- user can extract single bands from a 3 band
  image or create color images by combining various individual bands, etc.

  The package is designed for a remote sensing application (it can handle
  VERY LARGE images) and there is all kinds of other software available
  for GIS applications.
  Host Configuration Requirements

  It runs on Intergraph Workstations (a Unix machine similar to a Sun)
  though there  were rumors (there are always rumors) that the software
  would be  ported to PC and possibly a Sun environment.

PCI
---
  A company called PCI, Inc., out of Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada, makes
  an array of software utilities for processing, manipulation, and use of
  remote sensing data in eight or ten different "industry standard"
  formats: LGSOWG, BSQ, LANDSAT, and a couple of others whose titles I
  forget.  The software is available in versions for MS-DOS, Unix
  workstations (among them HP, Sun, and IBM), and VMS, and quite possibly
  other platforms by now.  I use the VMS version.

  The "PCI software" consists of several classes/groups/packages of
  utilities, grouped by function but all operating on a common "PCI
  database" disk file.  The "Tape I/O" package is a set of utility
  programs which read from the various remote-sensing industry tape
  formats INTO, or write those formats out FROM, the "PCI database" file;
  this is the only package I use or know much about.  Other packages can
  display data from the PCI database to one or another of several
  PCI-supported third-party color displays, output numeric or bitmap
  representation of image data to an attached printer, e.g. an Epson-type
  dot-matrix graphics printer.  You might be more spe- cifically
  interested in the mathematical operations package: histo- gram and
  Fourier analysis, equalization, user-specified operations (e.g.
  "multiply channel 1 by 3, add channel 2, and store as channel 5"), and
  God only knows what all else -- there's a LOT.  I don't have and don't
  use these, so can't say much about them; you only buy the packages your
  particular application/interest calls for.

  Each utility is controlled by from one to eight "parameters," read from
  a common "parameter file" which must be (in VMS anyway) in your "default
  directory."  Some utilities will share parameters and use the same
  parameter for a different purpose, so it can get a bit confusing setting
  up a series of operations.  The standard PCI environment contains a
  scripting language very similar to IBM-PC BASIC, but which allows you to
  automate the process of setting up parameters for a common, complicated,
  lengthy or difficult series of utility executions.  (In VMS I can also
  invoke utilities independently from a DCL command procedure.)  There's
  also an optional programming library which allows you to write compiled
  language programs which can interface with (read from/write to) the PCI
  data structures (database file, parameter file).

  The PCI software is designed specifically for remote-sensing images, but
  requires such a level of operator expertise that, once you reach the
  level where you can handle r-s images, you can figure out ways to handle
  a few other things as well.  For instance, the Tape I/O package offers a
  utility for reading headerless multi-band (what Adobe PhotoShop on the
  Macintosh calls "raw") data from tape, in a number of different
  "interleave" orders. This turns out to be ideal for manipulating the
  graphic-arts industry's "CT2T" format, would probably (I haven't tried)
  handle Targa, and so on. Above all, however, you HAVE TO KNOW WHAT
  YOU'RE DOING or you can screw up to the Nth degree and have to start
  over.  It's worth noting that the PCI "database" file is designed to
  contain not only "raster" (image) data, but vectors (for overlaying map
  information entered via digitizing table), land-use, and all manner of
  other information (I observe that a remote-sensing image tape often
  contains all manner of information about the spectral bands, latitude,
  longitude, time, date, etc. of the original satellite pass; all of this
  can go into the PCI "database").

  I _believe_ that on workstations the built-in display is used.  On VAX
  systems OTHER than workstations PCI supports only a couple of specific
  third-party display systems (the name Gould/Deanza seems to come to
  mind).  One of MY personal workarounds was a display program which would
  display directly from a PCI "database" file to a Peritek VCT-Q (Q-bus
  24-bit DirectColor) display subsystem.  PCI software COULD be "overkill"
  in your case; it seems designed for the very "high end"
  applications/users, i.e. those for whom a Mac/PC largely doesn't suffice
  (although as you know the gap is getting smaller all the time).  It's
  probably no coincidence that PCI is located in Canada, a country which
  does a LOT of its land/resource management via remote sensing; I believe
  the Canadian government uses PCI software for some of its work in these
  areas.

SPAM (Spectral Analysis Manager)
--------------------------------
  Back in 1985 JPL developed something called SPAM (Spectral Analysis
  Manager) which got a fair amount of use at the time.  That was designed
  for Airborne Imaging Spectrometer imagery (byte data, <= 256 pixels
  across by <= 512 lines by <= 256 bands); a modified version has since
  been developed for AVIRIS (Airborne VIsual and InfraRed Imaging
  Spectrometer) which uses much larger images.

  Spam does none of these things (rectification, classification, PC and
  IHS transformations, filtering, contrast enhancement, overlays).
  Actually, it does limited filtering and contrast enhancement
  (stretching).  Spam is aimed at spectral identification and clustering.

  The original Spam uses X or SunView to display.  The AVIRIS version may
  require VICAR, an executive based on TAE, and may also require a frame
  buffer.  I can refer you to people if you're interested.  PCW requires X
  for display.

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II is distributed by John Wiley.

CLRview
-------
  CLRview is a 3-dimensional visualization program designed to exploit
  the real-time capabilities of Silicon Graphics IRIS computers.

  This program is designed to provide a core set of tools to aid in the
  visualization of information from CAD and GIS sources.  It supports
  the integration of many common but disperate data sources such as DXF,
  TIN, DEM, Lattices, and Arc/Info Coverages among others.

  CLRview can be obtained from explorer.dgp.utoronto.ca (128.100.1.129) 
  in the directory pub/sgi/clrview.

  Contact:
  Rodney Hoinkes
  Head of Design Applications
  Centre for Landscape Research
  University of Toronto
  Tel:   (416) 978-7197
  Email: rodney@dgp.utoronto.ca

==========================================================================

End of Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38377
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 1/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part1
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 1/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993

Many FAQs, including this Listing, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing the keyword "help" (without
quotes!) in the message body.

You can see in many other places for this Listing. See the item:

0. Places to find the Resource Listing

for more information.

Items Changed:
--------------

RE-ARRANGED the subjects, in order to fir better in the 63K/article limit.
I PLAN ON CHANGING HEADERS SOON, SO BE CAREFUL! ONLY THE "Resource Listing"
keys are sure to remain in the Subject: line!

0. Places to find the Resource Listing
6.  3D graphics editors
   a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
9. Plotting packages
18. Molecular visualization stuff

[ I'm thinking of making this post bi-weekly. What do you think??? ]

--------------

Lines which got changed, have the `#' character in front of them.
Added lines are prepended with a `+'
Removed lines are just removed. Use 'diff' to locate these changes.

========================================================================

This text is (C)Copyright 1992, 1993 of Nikolaos C. Fotis. You can copy
freely this file, provided you keep this copyright notice intact.

Compiled by Nikolaos (Nick) C. Fotis, e-mail: nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Please contact me for updates,corrections, etc.

Disclaimer: I do not guarantee the accuracy of this document.
Use it at your own risk.

========================================================================

This is mainly a guide for computer graphics software.
I would suggest reading the Comp. Graphics FAQ for image analysis stuff.

It's entitled: 
 (date) comp.graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

 John T. Grieggs <grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov> is the poster of the
 official comp.graphics FAQ

I have included my comments within braces '[' and ']'.

Nikolaos Fotis

========================================================================

Contents of the Resource Listing
================================

PART1:
------
0. Places to find the Resource Listing
1. ARCHIE
2. Notes
3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists.
6.  3D graphics editors
   a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
   b. Commercial systems
7. Scene description languages
8. Solids description formats

PART2:
------

9. Plotting packages
10. Image analysis software - Image processing and display

PART3:
------
11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data.
13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
   a. Ray tracing
   b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
   c. Others
15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
   a. Teapot ?
   b. Space Shuttle ?
16. Image annotation software
17. Scientific visualization stuff
18. Molecular visualization stuff
19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)

Future additions:
[Please send me updates/info!]

========================================================================

0. Places to find the Resource Listing
======================================

#This file is crossposted to comp.graphics, comp.answers and news.answers,
so if you can't locate it in comp.graphics, you're advised to search in
#comp.answers or news.answers
(The latter groups usually are archived in your site. Contact your sysadmin
for more info).

These 3 articles are posted to comp.graphics 3-4 times a month and are kept in
many places (see below)

--

Many FAQs, including this one, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing: help in the Subject: field

--

The inria-graphlib mail server mirrors this posting (see under the
Subject 4: Mail servers )

--

The Resource Listing is accesible through WAIS in the machine
enuxva.eas.asu.edu (port 8000) under the name graphics-resources-list.
It's got a digest-type line before every numbered item for purposes of
indexing.

--

Another place that monitors the Listing is the MaasInfo files.
For more info contact Robert E. Maas <rem@btr.com>

--

Yet another place to search for FAQs in general is the SWITCH
(Swiss Academic and Research Network) system in Switzerland:

interactive:
  telnet nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40], login as "info". Move to the
  info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings directory. Search in the
  00index file by typing "/" and the word to look for.
  You may then just read the FAQ in the "faqs" directory, or decide
  to fetch it by one of the following methods.

ftp:
  login to nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40] as user anonymous and
  enter your internet-style address after being prompted for a
  password.

	cd info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings

mail:
  send e-mail to

RFC-822:
   archive-server@nic.switch.ch
X.400:
  /S=archive-server/OU=nic/O=switch/PRMD=switch/ADMD=arcom/C=ch/

Enter 'help' in the bodypart to receive instructions. No information
is required in the subject header line.


1. ARCHIE
=========

The Archie is a service system to locate FTP places for
requested files. It's appreciated that you will use Archie
before asking help in the newsgroups.

Archie servers:
  archie.au or 139.130.4.6             (Aussie/NZ)
  archie.funet.fi or 128.214.6.100  (Finland/Eur.)
  archie.th-darmstadt.de or 130.83.128.111  (GER.)
  cs.huji.ac.il or 132.65.6.5             (Israel)
  archie.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp or 130.54.20.1 (JAPAN)
  archie.sogang.ac.kr or 163.239.1.11      (Korea)
  archie.ncu.edu.tw or telnet 140.115.19.24  (TWN)
  archie.doc.ic.ac.uk or 146.169.3.7  (UK/Ireland)
  archie.sura.net or 128.167.254.179    (USA [MD])
  archie.unl.edu (password: archie1)    (USA [NE])
  archie.ans.net or 147.225.1.2         (USA [NY])
  archie.rutgers.edu or 128.6.18.15     (USA [NJ])
  archie.nz or 130.195.9.4           (New Zealand)

Connect to Archie server with telnet and type "archie" as username.
To get help type 'help'.
You can get 'xarchie' or 'archie', which are clients that call Archie
without the burden of a telnet session.
'Xarchie' is on the X11.R5 contrib tape, and 'archie' on comp.sources.misc,
vol. 27.

To get information on how to use Archie via e-mail, send mail with
subject "help" to "archie" account at any of above sites.

(Note to Janet/PSS users -- the United Kingdom archie site is
accessible on the Janet host doc.ic.ac.uk [000005102000].
Connect to it and specify "archie" as the host name and "archie" as
the username.)

==========================================================================

2. Notes
========
(Excerpted from the FAQ article)

Please do *not* post or mail messages saying "I can't FTP, could
someone mail this to me?"  There are a number of automated mail servers
that will send you things like this in response to a message.

There are a number of sites that archive the Usenet sources newsgroups
and make them available via an email query system.  You send a message
to an automated server saying something like "send comp.sources.unix/fbm",
and a few hours or days later you get the file in the mail.

==========================================================================

3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
==================================================

Computer graphics related FTP sites (and maintainers), 26/03/93
	compiled by Eric Haines, erich@eye.com
	and Nick Fotis, nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Ray-tracers:
------------

RayShade - a great ray tracer for workstations on up, also for PC, Mac & Amiga.
PoV - son and successor to DKB trace, written by Compuservers.
	(For more questions call Drew Wells --
	73767.1244@compuserve.com or Dave Buck -- david_buck@carleton.ca)
ART - ray tracer with a good range of surface types, part of VORT package.
DKBtrace - another good ray tracer, from all reports; PCs, Mac II,
	Amiga, UNIX, VMS (last two with X11 previewer), etc.
RTrace - Portugese ray tracer, does bicubic patches, CSG, 3D text, etc. etc.
	An MS-DOS version for use with DJGPP DOS extender (GO32) exists also,
	as a Mac port.
VIVID2 - A shareware raytracer for PCs - binary only (286/287).  Author:
	Stephen Coy (coy@ssc-vax.boeing.com).  The 386/387 (no source) version
	is available to registered users (US$50) direct from the author.
RAY4 - Steve Hollasch's 4-dimensional ray tracer - renders hyperspheres,
	hypertetrahedra, hyperplanes, and hyperparallelepipeds (there's
	a separate real-time wireframe viewer written in GL called WIRE4 ) .
MTV,QRT,DBW - yet more ray tracers, some with interesting features.

Distributed/Parallel Raytracers:
--------------------------------

XDART - A distributed ray-tracer that runs under X11. There are server binaries
	which work only on DECstations, SPARCs, HP Snakes (7x0 series) and NeXT.
	The clients are distributed as binaries and C source.
Inetray - A network version of Rayshade 4.0.  Needs Sun RPC 4.0 or newer.
	Contact Andreas Thurnherr (ant@ips.id.ethz.ch)
prt, VM_pRAY - parallel ray tracers.

Volume renderers:
-----------------

VREND - Cornell's Volume Renderer, from Kartch/Devine/Caffey/Warren (FORTRAN).

Radiosity (and diffuse lighting) renderers:
-------------------------------------------

Radiance - a ray tracer w/radiosity effects, by Greg Ward.  Excellent shading
	models and physically based lighting simulation.  Unix/X based, though
	has been ported to the Amiga and the PC (386).
INDIA - An Indian radiosity package based on Radiance.
SGI_RAD - An interactive radiosity package that runs on SGI machines with a
	Spaceball. It includes a house database.
	Author: Guy Moreillon <moreillo@ligsg1.epfl.ch>
RAD - a simple public-domain radiosity package in C. The solution can be run
	stand-alone on any Unix box, but the walk-through requires a SGI 4D.
	Author: Bernard Kwok <g-kwok@cs.yorku.ca>

Renderers which are not raytracers, and graphics libraries:
-----------------------------------------------------------

SIPP - Scan line z-buffer and Phong shading renderer.
	Now uses the shadow buffer algorithm.
Tcl-SIPP - a Tcl command interface to the SIPP rendering
	program. Tcl-SIPP is a set of Tcl commands used to programmed
	SIPP without having to write and compile C code.
	Commands are used to specify surfaces, objects,
	scenes and rendering options.
	It renders either in PPM format or in Utah Raster Toolkit RLE format
	or to the photo widget in the Tk-based X11 applications.

VOGLE - graphics learning environment (device portable).
VOGL - an SGI GL-like library based on VOGLE.
REND386 - A *fast* polygon renderer for Intel 386s and up. Version 2 on up.
	[ It's not photorealistic, but rather a real-time renderer]
XSHARP21 - Dr. Dobb's Journal PC renderer source code, with budget texture
	mapping.

Modellers, wireframe viewers:
-----------------------------

VISION-3D - Mac modeler, can output Radiance & Rayshade files.
IRIT - A CSG solid modeler, with support for freeform surfaces.
X3D - A wireframe viewer for X11.
3DV - 3-D wireframe graphics toolkit, with C source, 3dv objects, other stuff
	Look at major PC archives like wuarchive. One such file is 3DKIT1.ZIP
PV3D - a shareware front end modeler for POVRAY, still in beta test.
  French docs for now, price for registering 250 French Francs. Save disabled.
  Some extra utilities, DXF files for the registered version.

Geometric viewers:
------------------

SALEM - A GL-based package from Dobkin et al. for exploring mathematical
	structures.
GEOMVIEW - A GL-based package for looking and interactively manipulating
3D objects, from Geometry Center at Minnesota.
XYZ GeoBench -(eXperimental geometrY Zurich) is a workbench for geometric
	computation for Macintosh computers.
WIRE4 - GL wireframe previewer for Steve Hollasch's RAY4 (see above)

Data Formats and Data Sets for Ray Tracing:
-------------------------------------------

SPD - a set of procedural databases for testing ray tracers.
NFF - simplistic file format used by SPD.
OFF - another file format.
P3D - a lispy file format.
TDDD - Imagine (3D modeler) format, has converters for RayShade, NFF, OFF, etc.
	Also includes a nice postscript object displayer.  Some GREAT models.
TTDDDLIB - converts to/from TDDD/TTDDD, OFF, NFF, Rayshade 4.0, Imagine,
	and vort 3d objects. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric
	views in Postscript. Registered users get a TeX PK font converter and
	a superquadric surfaces generator.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>
	[Note : TTDDDLIB is also known as T3DLIB]
CHVRTD - Chapel Hill Volume Rendering Test Datasets, includes volume sets for
	two heads, a brain, a knee, electron density maps for RNA and others.

Written Material on Rendering:
------------------------------

RT News - collections of articles on ray tracing.
RT bib - references to articles on ray tracing in "refer" format.
Rad bib - references to articles on radiosity (global illumination).
Speer RT bib - Rick Speer's cross-referenced RT bib, in postscript.
RT abstracts - collection by Tom Wilson of abstracts of many RT articles.
Paper bank project - various technical papers in electronic form.  Contact
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>
Online Bibliography Project :
        The ACM SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project is a database of 
        over 15,000 unique computer graphics and computational geometry
        references in BibTeX format, available to the computer graphics
        community as a research and educational resource.

        The database is located at "siggraph.org".  Users may download 
        the BibTeX files via FTP and peruse them offline, or telnet to
        "siggraph.org" and log in as "biblio" and interactively search
        the database for entries of interest, by keyword.
        For the people without Internet access, there's also an e-mail
        server. Send mail to

        archive-server@siggraph.org

        and in the subject or the body of the message include the message  send
        followed by the topic and subtopic you wish. A good place to start is
        with the command
             send index
        which will give you an up-to-date list of available information.

        Additions/corrections/suggestions may be directed to the admin,
        "bibadmin@siggraph.org".

Image Manipulation Libraries:
-----------------------------

Utah Raster Toolkit - nice image manipulation tools.
PBMPLUS - a great package for image conversion and manipulation.
LIBTIFF - library for reading/writing TIFF images.
ImageMagick - X11 package for display and interactive manipulation
	of images.  Uses its own format (MIFF), and includes some converters.
xv - X-based image display, manipulation, and format converter.
xloadimage, xli - displays various formats on an X11 screen.
Khoros - a huge, excellent system for image processing, with a visual
	programming interface and much much more.  Uses X windows.
FBM - another set of image manipulation tools, somewhat old now.
Img - image manipulation, displays on X11 screen, a bit old now.
xflick - Plays .FLI animation under X11
XAnim - plays any resolution FLI along with GIF's(including GIF89a animation
	extensions), DL's and Amiga IFF animations(3,5,J,l) and IFF
	pictures(including HAM,EHB and color cycling)
SDSC - SDSC Image Tools package (San Diego Supercomputing Center)
	for image manipulation and conversion
CLRpaint - A 24-bit paint program for SGI 24bit workstations and 8bit Indigos.

Libraries with code for graphics:
---------------------------------

Graphics Gems I,II,III - code from the ever so useful books.
spline-patch.tar.Z - spline patch ray intersection routines by Sean Graves
kaleido - Computation and 3D Display of Uniform Polyhedra. Mirrored in
	wuarchive. This package computes (and displays) the metrical
	properties of 75 polyhedra. Author: Dr. Zvi Har'El,
	e-mail: rl@gauss.technion.ac.il

(*) means site is an "official" distributor, so is most up to date.


NORTH AMERICA (please look for things on your own continent first...):
-------------

wuarchive.wustl.edu [128.252.135.4]:  /graphics/graphics - get CONTENTS file
	for a roadmap.  /graphics/graphics/objects/TDDD - *the TTDDD objects
	and converters*, /mirrors/unix-c/graphics - Rayshade ray tracer, MTV
	ray tracer, Vort ray tracer, FBM, PBMPLUS, popi, Utah raster toolkit.
	/mirrors/msdos/graphics - DKB ray tracer, FLI RayTracker demos.
	/pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*, /graphics/graphics/radiosity - Radiance
	and Indian radiosity package.  /msdos/ddjmag/ddj9209.zip - version 21
	of Xsharp, with fast texture mapping.  There's lots more, including
	bibs, Graphics Gems I & II code, OFF, RTN, Radiance, NFF, SIPP, spline
	patch intersection routines, textbook errata, source code from Roy
	Hall's book "Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery", etc
	graphics/graphics/packages/kaleido - *kaleido*
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

princeton.edu [128.112.128.1]:  /pub/Graphics (note capital "G") - *Rayshade
	4.0 ray tracer (and separate 387 executable)*, *color quantization
	code*, *SPD*, *RT News*, *Wilson's RT abstracts*, "RT bib*, *Utah
	Raster Toolkit*, newer FBM, *Graphics Gems I, II & III code*.
	/pub/graphics directory - *SALEM* and other stuff.
	Craig Kolb <cek@princeton.edu>
	[replaces weedeater.math.yale.edu - note the capital "G" in
	pub/Graphics] Because there's a trouble with princeton's incoming
	area, you can upload Rayshade-specific stuff to
	weedeater.math.yale.edu [128.36.23.17]

alfred.ccs.carleton.ca [134.117.1.1]:  /pub/dkbtrace - *DKB ray tracer*,
	/pub/pov-ray/POV-Ray1.0 - *PVRay Compuserve group ray tracer (or PoV)*.
	David Buck <david_buck@carleton.ca>

avalon.chinalake.navy.mil [129.131.31.11]:  3D objects (multiple formats),
	utilities, file format documents.
	This site was created to be a 3D object "repository" for the net.
	Francisco X DeJesus <dejesus@archimedes.chinalake.navy.mil>

omicron.cs.unc.edu [152.2.128.159]:  pub/softlab/CHVRTD - Chapel Hill
	Volume Rendering Test Datasets.

ftp.mv.com [192.80.84.1]: - Official DDJ FTP repository.
	*XSHARP*

peipa.essex.ac.uk [155.245.115.161]: the Pilot European Image Processing
	Archive; in a directory ipa/synth or something like that, there are
	image synthesis packages.
	Adrian Clarke <alien@essex.ac.uk>

barkley.berkeley.edu [128.32.142.237] : tcl/extensions/tsipp3.0b.tar.Z -
	*Tcl-SIPP*
	Mark Diekhans <markd@grizzly.com or markd@NeoSoft.com>

acs.cps.msu.edu [35.8.56.90]: pub/sass - *X window fonts converter into
	Rayshade 3.0 polygons*, Rayshade animation tool(s).
	Ron Sass <sass@cps.msu.edu>

hobbes.lbl.gov [128.3.12.38]: *Radiance* ray trace/radiosity package.
	Greg Ward <gjward@lbl.gov>

geom.umn.edu [128.101.25.31] : pub/geomview - *GEOMVIEW*
	Contact (for GEOMVIEW): software@geom.umn.edu

ftp.arc.umn.edu [137.66.130.11] : pub/gvl.tar.Z - the latest version of Bob,
	Icol and Raz.  Source, a manual, man pages, and binaries for
	IRIX 4.0.5 are included (Bob is a real time volume renderer)
	pub/  contains also many volume datasets.
	Ken Chin-Purcell <ken@ahpcrc.umn.edu>

ftp.kpc.com [144.52.120.9] : /pub/graphics/holl91 - Steve Hollasch's
	Thesis, /pub/graphics/ray4 - *RAY4*, /pub/graphics/wire4 - *WIRE4*.
	/pub/mirror/avalon - mirror of avalon's 3D objects repository.
	Steve Hollasch <hollasch@kpc.com>

swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] : programs/hollasch-4d - RAY4,
	SGI Explorer modules and Postscript manual, etc.

zamenhof.cs.rice.edu [128.42.1.75] : pub/graphics.formats - Various electronic
	documents about many object and image formats.
	Mark Hall <foo@cs.rice.edu>
	will apparently no longer be maintaining it, see ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

rascal.ics.utexas.edu [128.83.144.1]:  /misc/mac/inqueue - VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade and Radiance files.

ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50] :  misc/file.formats/graphics.formats -
	contains various image- and object-format descriptions.  Many SciVi
	tools in various directories, e.g.  SGI/Alpha-shape/Alvis-1.0.tar.Z -
	3D alpha-shape visualizer (SGI machines only),
	SGI/Polyview3.0/polyview.Z - interactive visualization and analysis of
	3D geometrical structures.
	Quincey Koziol <koziol@ncsa.uiuc.edu>

tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1] : /iraf - the IRAF astronomy package

ftp.ipl.rpi.edu [128.113.14.50]:  sigma/erich - SPD images and Haines thesis
	images.  pub/images - various 24 and 8 bit image stills and sequences.
	Kevin Martin <sigma@ipl.rpi.edu>

ftp.psc.edu [128.182.66.148]:  pub/p3d - p3d_2_0.tar P3D lispy scene
	language & renderers.  Joel Welling <welling@seurat.psc.edu>

ftp.ee.lbl.gov [128.3.254.68]: *pbmplus.tar.Z*, RayShade data files.
	Jef Poskanzer <jef@ace.ee.lbl.gov>

george.lbl.gov [128.3.196.93]: pub/ccs-lib/ccs.tar.Z - *CCS (Complex
	Conversion System), a standard software interface for image processing*

hanauma.stanford.edu [36.51.0.16]: /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics - best of
	comp.graphics (very extensive), ray-tracers - DBW, MTV, QRT, and more.
	Joe Dellinger <joe@hanauma.stanford.edu>

ftp.uu.net [192.48.96.2]:  /graphics - *IRIT*, RT News back issues (not
	complete), NURBS models, other graphics related material.
	/graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v?.tar.Z - Independent JPEG Group package for
	reading and writing JPEG files.

freebie.engin.umich.edu [141.212.68.23]:  *Utah Raster Toolkit*,
	Spencer Thomas <thomas@eecs.umich.edu>

export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] : /contrib - pbmplus, Image Magick, xloadimage,
	xli, xv, Img, lots more.  /pub/R5untarred/mit/demos/gpc - NCGA Graphics
	Performance Characterization (GPC) Suite.

life.pawl.rpi.edu [128.113.10.2]: /pub/ray - *Kyriazis stochastic Ray Tracer*.
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

cs.utah.edu [128.110.4.21]: /pub - Utah raster toolkit, *NURBS databases*.
	Jamie Painter <jamie@cs.utah.edu>

gatekeeper.dec.com [16.1.0.2]:  /pub/DEC/off.tar.Z - *OFF models*,
	Also GPC Benchmark files (planned, but not checked).
	Randi Rost <rost@kpc.com>

hubcap.clemson.edu [130.127.8.1]:  /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine - stuff for the
	Amiga Imagine & Turbo Silver ray tracers.  /pub/amiga/TTDDDLIB -
	*TTDDDLIB* /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine/objects - MANY objects.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>

pprg.eece.unm.edu [129.24.24.10]:  /pub/khoros - *Khoros image processing
	package (huge, but great)*.
	Danielle Argiro <danielle@bullwinkle.unm.edu>

expo.lcs.mit.edu [18.30.0.212]:  contrib - *PBMPLUS portable bitmap package*,
	*poskbitmaptars bitmap collection*, *Raveling Img*, xloadimage.  Jef
	Poskanzer <jef@well.sf.ca.us>

venera.isi.edu [128.9.0.32]:  */pub/Img.tar.z and img.tar.z - some image
	manipulation*, /pub/images - RGB separation photos.
	Paul Raveling <raveling@venera.isi.edu>

ucsd.edu [128.54.16.1]:  /graphics - utah rle toolkit, pbmplus, fbm,
	databases, MTV, DBW and other ray tracers, world map, other stuff.
	Not updated much recently.

castlab.engr.wisc.edu [128.104.52.10]:  /pub/x3d.2.2.tar.Z - *X3D*
	/pub/xdart.1.1.* - *XDART*
	Mark Spychalla <spy@castlab.engr.wisc.edu>

sgi.com [192.48.153.1]:  /graphics/tiff - TIFF 6.0 spec & *LIBTIFF* software
	and pics.  Also much SGI- and GL-related stuff (e.g. OpenGL manuals)
	Sam Leffler <sam@sgi.com>
	[supercedes okeeffe.berkeley.edu for the LIBTIFF stuff]

surya.waterloo.edu [129.97.129.72]: /graphics - FBM, ray tracers

ftp.sdsc.edu [132.249.20.22]: /sdscpub - *SDSC*

ftp.brl.mil [128.63.16.158]: /brl-cad - information on how to get the
	BRL CAD package & ray tracer.  /images - various test images.
	A texture library has also begun here.
	Lee A. Butler <butler@BRL.MIL>

cicero.cs.umass.edu [128.119.40.189]:  /texture_temp - 512x512 grayscale
	Brodatz textures,
	from Julien Flack <julien@scs.leeds.ac.uk>.

karazm.math.uh.edu [129.7.7.6]:  pub/Graphics/rtabs.shar.12.90.Z - *Wilson's
	RT abstracts*, VM_pRAY.
	J. Eric Townsend <jet@karazm.math.uh.edu or jet@nas.nasa.gov>

ftp.pitt.edu [130.49.253.1]:  /users/qralston/images - 24 bit image archive
	(small).  James Ralston Crawford <qralston@gl.pitt.edu>

ftp.tc.cornell.edu [128.84.201.1]: /pub/vis - *VREND*

sunee.waterloo.edu [129.97.50.50]: /pub/raytracers - vivid, *REND386*
	[or sunee.uwaterloo.ca]

archive.umich.edu [141.211.164.153]: /msdos/graphics - PC graphics stuff.
	/msdos/graphics/raytrace - VIVID2.

apple.apple.com [130.43.2.2?]:  /pub/ArchiveVol2/prt.

research.att.com [192.20.225.2]: /netlib/graphics - *SPD package*, ~/polyhedra -
	*polyhedra databases*.  (If you don't have FTP, use the netlib
	automatic mail replier:  UUCP - research!netlib, Internet -
	netlib@ornl.gov.  Send one line message "send index" for more info,
	"send haines from graphics" to get the SPD)

siggraph.org [128.248.245.250]: SIGGRAPH archive site.
	publications - *Online Bibliography Project*, Conference proceedings
	in various electronic formats (papers, panels), SIGGRAPH Video Review
	information and order forms.
	Other stuff in various directories.
	Automatic mailer is archive-server@siggraph.org ("send index").

ftp.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159]: pub/reaction_diffusion - Greg Turk's work on
	reaction-diffusion textures, X windows code (SIGGRAPH '91)

avs.ncsc.org [128.109.178.23]:  ~ftp/VolVis92 - Volume datasets from the
	Boston Workshop on Volume Visualization '92.  This site is also the
	International AVS Center.
	Terry Myerson <tvv@ncsc.org>

uvacs.cs.virginia.edu [128.143.8.100]:  pub/suit/demo/{sparc,dec,etc} - SUIT
	(Simple User Interface Toolkit).  "finger suit@uvacs.cs.virginia.edu"
	to get detailed instructions.

nexus.yorku.ca [130.63.9.66]: /pub/reports/Radiosity_code.tar.Z - *RAD*
	/pub/reports/Radiosity_thesis.ps.Z - *RAD MSc. Thesis*
	[This site will be changed to ftp.yorku.ca in the near future]

milton.u.washington.edu [128.95.136.1] - ~ftp/public/veos - VEOS Virtual
	Reality and distributed applications prototyping environment
	for Unix. Veos Software Support : veos-support@hitl.washington.edu
        oldpublic/fly - FLY! 3D Visualization Software demo.
        That package is built for "fly-throughs" from various datasets in
        near real-time. There are binaries for many platforms.
	Also, much other Virtual Reality stuff.

zug.csmil.umich.edu [141.211.184.2]: X-Xpecs 3D files (an LCD glass shutter
	for Amiga computers - great for VR stuff!)

sugrfx.acs.syr.edu [128.230.24.1]: Various stereo-pair images.
[ Has closed down :-( ]

sunsite.unc.edu [152.2.22.81]: /pub/academic/computer-science/virtual-reality -
	Final copy of the sugrfx.acs.syr.edu archive that ceased to exist.
	It contains Powerglove code, VR papers, 3D images and IRC research
	material.
	Jonathan Magid <jem@sunSITE.unc.edu>

archive.cis.ohio-state.edu [128.146.8.52]: pub/siggraph92 - Code for
	Siggraph '92 Course 23 (Procedural Modeling and Rendering Techniques)
	Dr. David S. Ebert <ebert@cis.ohio-state.edu>

lyapunov.ucsd.edu [132.239.86.10]: This machine is considered the
	repository for preprints and programs for nonlinear dynamics,
	signal processing, and related subjects  (and fractals, of course!)
	Matt Kennel <mbk@inls1.ucsd.edu>

cod.nosc.mil [128.49.16.5]: /pub/grid.{ps,tex,ascii} - a short survey of
	methods to interpolate and contour bivariate data

ics.uci.edu [128.195.1.1]: /honig --- Various stereo-pair images,
	movie.c - animates a movie on an X display (8-bit and mono) with
	digital subtraction.

taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil [131.120.1.13]: pub/dabro/cyberware_demo.tar.Z - Human
	head data

pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217]:  pub/texture_maps - Hans du Buf's grayscale
	test textures (aerial swatches, Brodatz textures, synthetic swatches).
	Space & planetary image repository.  Provides access to >150 CD-ROMS
	with data/images (3 on-line at a time).
        pub/info/beginner-info - here you should start browsing.
        Colby Kraybill <opus@pioneer.unm.edu>.

cs.brown.edu [128.148.33.66] : *SRGP/SPHIGS* . For more info on SRGP/SPHIGS:
         mail -s 'software-distribution' graphtext@cs.brown.edu

pdb.pdb.bnl.gov [130.199.144.1] has data about various organic molecules,
       bonds between the different atoms, etc.
       Atomic coordinates (and a load of other stuff) are contained in the
       "*.ent" files, but the actual atomic dimemsions seem to be missing.
       You could convert these data to PoV, rayshade, etc.

biome.bio.ns.ca [142.2.20.2] : /pub/art - some Renoir paintings,
        Escher's pictures, etc.

ic16.ee.umanitoba.ca [] : /specmark - sample set of images from the
        `Images from the Edge' CD-ROM (images of atomic landscapes, advanced
        semiconductors, superconductors and experimental surface
        chemistry among others). Contact ruskin@ee.umanitoba.ca

explorer.dgp.toronto.edu [128.100.1.129] : pub/sgi/clrpaint - *CLRpaint*
        pub/sgi/clrview.* - CLRview, a tool that aids in visualization
        of GIS datasets in may formats like DXF, DEM, Arc/Info, etc.

ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM - images from Magellan
        and Viking missions etc. Get pub/SPACE/Index first.
        pub/SPACELINK has most of the SpaceLink service data (see below)
        e-mail server available: send mail to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov
        (or ames!archive-server) with subject:"help"
        or "send SPACE Index" (without the quotes!)
        Peter Yee <yee@ames.arc.nasa.gov>

pubinfo.jpl.nasa.gov [128.149.6.2]: images, other data, etc. from JPL
        missions. Modem access at (818)-354-1333 (no parity, 8 data bits, 1
        stop bit).
        newsdesk@jplpost.jpl.nasa.gov or phone (818)-354-7170

spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov [128.158.13.250] (passwd:guest) : space graphics
        and GIF images from NASA's planetary probes and the Hubble Telescope.
        Main function is support for teachers (you can telnet also to this
        site). Dial up access: (205)-895-0028 (300/1200/2400/9600(V.32) baud,
        8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit).

stsci.edu [130.167.1.2] : Hubble Space Telescope stuff (images and other
        data). Read the README first!
        Pete Reppert <reppert@stsci.edu> or Chris O'Dea <odea@stsci.edu>

pit-manager.mit.edu [18.172.1.27]:  /pub/usenet/news.answers - the land of
	FAQs.  graphics and pictures directories of particular interest.
	[Also available from mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu by sending a mail
	message containing: help]

UUCP archive: avatar - RT News back issues.  For details, write Kory Hamzeh
	<kory@avatar.avatar.com>


EUROPE:
-------

nic.funet.fi [128.214.6.100]:  *pub/sci/papers - *Paper bank project,
	including Pete Shirley's entire thesis (with pics)*, *Wilson's RT
	abstracts*, pub/misc/CIA_WorldMap - CIA world data bank,
	comp.graphics.research archive, *India*, and much, much more.
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>

dasun2.epfl.ch [128.178.62.2]:  Radiance. Good for European sites, but
	doesn't carry the add-ons that are available for Radiance.

isy.liu.se [130.236.1.3]:  pub/sipp/sipp-3.0.tar.Z - *SIPP* scan line z-buffer
	and Phong shading renderer.  Jonas Yngvesson <jonas-y@isy.liu.se>

irisa.fr [131.254.2.3]:  */iPSC2/VM_pRAY ray tracer*, SPD, /NFF - many non-SPD
	NFF format scenes, RayShade data files.  Didier Badouel
	<badouel@irisa.irisa.fr> [may have disappeared]

phoenix.oulu.fi [130.231.240.17]:  *FLI RayTracker animation files (PC VGA) -
	also big .FLIs (640*480)* *RayScene demos* [Americans:  check wuarchive
	first].  More animations to come.  Jari Kahkonen
	<hole@phoenix.oulu.fi>

jyu.fi [128.214.7.5]: /pub/graphics/ray-traces - many ray tracers, including
	VM_pRAY, DBW, DKB, MTV, QRT, RayShade, some RT News, NFF files.  Jari
	Toivanen <toivanen@jyu.fi>

garbo.uwasa.fi [128.214.87.1]:  Much PC stuff, etc., /pc/source/contour.f -
	FORTRAN program to contour scattered data using linear triangle-based
	interpolation

asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17]:  pub/RTrace - *RTrace* nffutils.tar.Z (NFF
	utilities for RTrace), medical data (CAT, etc.)  converters to NFF,
	Autocad to NFF Autolisp code, AUTOCAD 11 to SCN (RTrace's language)
	converter and other goodies.  Antonio Costa (acc@asterix.inescn.pt)

vega.hut.fi [128.214.3.82]: /graphics - RTN archive, ray tracers (MTV, QRT,
	others), NFF, some models.
[ It was shut down months ago , check under nic.funet.fi -- nfotis ]

sun4nl.nluug.nl [192.16.202.2]: /pub/graphics/raytrace - DBW.microray, MTV, etc

unix.hensa.ac.uk [] : misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z - CGM viewer and
        converter.
        There's an e-mail server also - mail to archive@unix.hensa.ac.uk
        with the message body "send misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z"

maeglin.mt.luth.se [130.240.0.25]:  graphics/raytracing - prt, others, ~/Doc -
	*Wilson's RT abstracts*, Vivid.

ftp.fu-berlin.de [130.20.225.2]:  /pub/unix/graphics/rayshade4.0/inputs -
	aq.tar.Z is RayShade aquarium [Americans:  check princeton.edu first).
	Heiko Schlichting <heiko@math.fu-berlin.de>

maggia.ethz.ch [129.132.17.1]: pub/inetray - *Inetray* and Sun RPC 4.0 code
	Andreas Thurnherr <ant@ips.id.ethz.ch>

osgiliath.id.dth.dk [129.142.65.24]:  /pub/amiga/graphics/Radiance - *Amiga
	port of Radiance 2.0*.  Per Bojsen <bojsen@ithil.id.dth.dk>

ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.1.9] : *PoV raytracer*
        Mirrored in wuarchive, has many goods for PoV.
	pub/dkbtrace/incoming/polyray - Polyray raytracer
        pub/dkbtrace/incoming/pv3d* - *PV3D*

ftp.uni-kl.de [131.246.9.95]: /pub/amiga/raytracing/imagine - mirror of
	the hubcap Imagine files.

neptune.inf.ethz.ch [129.132.101.33]: XYZ - *XYZ GeoBench*
	Peter Schorn <schorn@inf.ethz.ch>

iamsun.unibe.ch [130.92.64.10]: /Graphics/graphtal* - a L-system interpreter.
	Christoph Streit <streit@iam.unibe.ch>

amiga.physik.unizh.ch [130.60.80.80]: /amiga/gfx - Graphics stuff
	for the Amiga computer.

stesis.hq.eso.org [134.171.8.100]: on-line access to a huge astronomical
        database. (login:starcat;no passwd)
        DECnet:STESIS (It's the Space Telescope European Coordination Facility)
        Benoit Pirenne <bpirenne@eso.org>, phone +49 89 320 06 433


MIDDLE EAST
-----------

gauss.technion.ac.il [132.68.112.60]: *kaleida*


AUSTRALIA:
----------

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au [128.250.70.62]: pub - *VORT(ART) ray tracer*, *VOGLE*,
	Wilson's ray tracing abstracts, /pub/contrib/artscenes (ART scenes from
	Italy), pub/images/haines - Haines thesis images, Graphics Gems code,
	SPD, NFF & OFF databases, NFF and OFF previewers, plus some 8- and
	24bit images and lots of other stuff.  pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*
	Bernie Kirby <bernie@ecr.mu.oz.au>

munnari.oz.au [128.250.1.21]:  pub/graphics/vort.tar.Z - *VORT (ART) 2.1 CSG and
	algebraic surface ray tracer*, *VOGLE*, /pub - DBW, pbmplus.  /graphics
	- room.tar.Z (ART scenes from Italy).
	David Hook <dgh@munnari.oz.au>

marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au [134.7.1.1]: pub/graphics/bibliography/Facial_Animation,
	pub/graphics/bibliography/Morph, pub/graphics/bibliography/UI -
	stuff about Facial animation, Morphing and User Interfaces.
	pub/fascia - Fred Parke's fascia program.
	Valerie Hall <val@lillee.cs.curtin.edu.au>


OCEANIA - ASIA:
---------------

ccu1.aukland.ac.nz [130.216.1.5]:  ftp/mac/architec - *VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade files*.  Many other neat things
	for Macs.  Paul Bourke <pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz>

scslwide.sony.co.jp [133.138.199.1]:  ftp2/SGI/Facial-Animation - Steve Franks
	site for facial animation.
 	Steve Franks <stevef@csl.sony.co.jp OR stevef@cs.umr.edu>


4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
===========================================

Please check first with the FTP places above, with archie's help.
Don't overuse mail servers.

There are some troubles with wrong return addresses. Many of these
mail servers have a command like
   path a_valid_return_e-mail_address
to get a hint for sending back to you stuff.

DEC's FTPMAIL
-------------
  Send a one-line message to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com WITHOUT a Subject: field,
  and having a line containing the word 'help'.
  You should get back a message detailing the relevant procedures you
  must follow in order to get the files you want.

  Note that the "reply" or "answer" command in your mailer will not work
  for this message or any other mail you receive from FTPMAIL.  To send
  requests to FTPMAIL, send an original mail message, not a reply.
  Complaints should be sent to the ftpmail-request@uucp-gw-2.pa.dec.com
  address rather than to postmaster, since DECWRL's postmaster is not
  responsible for fixing ftpmail problems.

BITFTP
------
  For BITNET sites ONLY, there's BITFTP@PUCC.
  Send a one-line 'help' message to this address for more info.

Lightwave 3D mail based file-server
-----------------------------------
  A mail based file server for 3D objects, 24bit JPEG images, GIF images
  and image maps is now online for all those with Internet mail access.
  The server is the official archive site for the Lightwave 3D mail-list
  and contains many PD and Shareware graphics utilities for
  several computer platforms including Amiga, Atari, IBM and Macintosh.

  The server resides on a BBS called "The Graphics BBS".  The BBS is
  operational 24 hours a day 7 days a week at the phone number of +1
  908/469-0049.  It has upgraded its modem to a Hayes Ultra 144
  V.32bis/V.42bis, which has speeds from 300bps up to 38,400bps.

  If you would like to submit objects, scenes or images to the server,
  please pack, uuencode and then mail the files to the address:
  server@bobsbox.rent.com.

  For information on obtaining files from the server send a mail message
  to the address file-server@graphics.rent.com with the following in
  the body of the message:
    HELP
    /DIR
  And a help file describing how to use the server and a complete
  directory listing will be sent to you via mail.

[ Now it includes the Cyberware head and shouders in TTDDD format! Check it
 out, only if you can't use FTP! -- nfotis ]

INRIA-GRAPHLIB
--------------
  Pierre Jancene and Sabine Coquillart launched the inria-graphlib mail
  server a few months ago.

    echo help | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will give you a quick summary of what inria-graphlib contains and 
  how to browse among its files.

    echo send contents | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the extended summary.

  As an other example :

    echo send cgrl from Misc | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the Computer Graphics Resource Listing mirrored from
  comp.graphics.

BBSes
-----
  There are many BBSes that store datafiles, etc.etc., but a guide to these
  is beyond the scope of this Listing (and the resources of the author!)
  If you can point to me Internet- or mail- accessible BBSes that carry
  interesting stuff, send me info!


  Studio Amiga is a 3D modelling and ray tracing specific BBS, (817) 467-3658.
  24 hours, 105 Meg online.
--
From Jeff Walkup <pwappy@well.sf.ca.us>:
  "The Castle" 415/355-2396 (14.4K/v.32bis/v.42/v.42bis/MNP)
  (In Pacifica, dang close to San Francisco, California, USA)
  The new-user password is: "TAO".
  
  [J]oin base #2; The Castle G/FX, Anim, Video, 3D S.I.G., of which
  I am the SIG-Op, "Lazerus".
--
  Bob Lindabury operates a BBS (see above the entry for "The Graphics BBS")
--
'You Can Call Me Ray' ray tracing related BBS in Chicago suburbs (708-358-5611)
 or (708-358-8721)
--
  Digital Pixel (Sysop: Mark Ng <mcng@descartes.waterloo.edu>) is based at
  Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
 
  Phone : (416) 298 1487
  Storage space: 330 megs
  Modem type:  14.4k baud,16.8k (Zyxel) , v32bis ,v32, mnp 5

  Access Fee: none.. (free)
  System supported : DOS, OS/2, Amiga, Mac.  
  Netmail:     Currently no echo mail.
  Topics:      Raytracing, Fractals, Graphics programming, CAD, Any Comp.
               Graphics related  

--
From: David Tiberio <dtiberio@ic.sunysb.edu>

  Amiga Graphics BBS (516) 473-6351 in Long Island, New York,
  running 24 hours at 14.4k v.32bis, with 157 megs on line.
  We also subscribe to 9 mailing lists, of which 5 originate
  from our BBS, with 3 more to be added soon. These include:

  Lightwave, Imagine, Real 3D (ray tracing)

  Database files include:
  Imagine 3D objects, 3D renderings, scalable fonts, music
  modules, sound samples, demos, animations, utilities,
  text databases, and pending Lightwave 3D objects.
--
The Graphics Alternative

 The Graphics Alternative is in El Cerrito, CA., running 24 hours a
 day at 14.4k HST/v.32bis, with 642MB online and a 1300+ user base.
 TGA runs two nodes, node 1 (510) 524-2780 is for public access and
 includes a free 90 day trial subscription.  TGA is the West Coast
 Host for PCGnet, The Profesional CAD and Graphics Network, supporting
 nodes across the Continental U.S., Alaska, New Zealand, Australia,
 France and the UK.
 
 TGA's file database includes MS-DOS executables for POV, Vivid,
 RTrace, Rayshade, Polyray, and others.  TGA also has numerous
 graphics utilities, viewers, and conversion utilities.  Registered
 Vivid users can also download the latest Vivid aeta code from a
 special Vivid conference.

--
From: Scott Bethke <sbathkey@access.digex.com>

The Intersection BBS, 410-250-7149.

  This BBS Is dedicated to supporting 3D Animators.The system is provided
  FREE OF CHARGE, and is NOT Commercialized in ANYWAY.
  Users are given FULL Access on the first call.

Features: Usenet NEWS & Internet Mail, Fidonet Echo's & Netmail,
	200 Megs online, V.32bis/V.42bis Modem.

Platforms of interest: Amiga & The VideoToaster, Macintosh, Ms-Dos,
	Unix Workstations (Sun, SGI, etc), Atari-ST.
--
From: Alfonso Hermida <afanh@robots.gsfc.nasa.gov>:

 Pi Square BBS (301)725-9080 in Maryland. It supports raytracers such as POV
 and VIVID. The BBS runs off a 486/33Mhz, 100Megs hard drive and CD ROM.
 Now it runs on 1200-2400bps (this will change soon)

 Topics: graphics programming, animation,raytracing,programming (general)
--
From: Lynn Falkow <ROXXIE@delphi.com>:

  Vertech Design's GRAPHIC CONNECTION. (503) 591-8412 in Portland, Oregon.
  V.32/V.42bis.

  The BBS, aside from carrying typical BBS services like message bases
  ( all topic specific ) and files ( CAD and graphics related -- hundreds
  of megabytes ), also offers material texture files that are full color,
  seamlessly tiling, photo-realistic images.  There are samples available
  to first time callers.  The BBS is a subscription system although callers
  have 2 hours before they must subscribe, and there are several subscription
  rates available.   People interested in materials can subscribe to the
  library in addition to a basic subscription rate, and can use their
  purchased time to download whichever materials they wish.

==========================================================================

5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists
=============================================

Imagine
-------
  Modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  send subscription requests to Imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com
  send material to Imagine@email.sp.paramax.com
  (Dave Wickard has substituted Steve Worley in the maintenance of
  the mailing list) - PLEASE note that the unisys.com address is
  NO longer valid!!!

Lightwave
---------
  (for the Amiga. It's part of Newtek's Video Toaster):
  send subscription requests to lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com
  send material to lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com
  (Bob Lindabury)

Toaster
-------
  send subscription requests to listserv@karazm.math.uh.edu with a *body* of:
     subscribe toaster-list

Real 3D
-------
  Another modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe real3d-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@gu.uwa.edu.au

Rayshade
--------
  send subscription requests to rayshade-request@cs.princeton.edu
  send material to rayshade-users@cs.princeton.edu
  (Craig Kolb)

Alladin 4D for the Amiga
----------
  send subscription requests to subscribe@xamiga.linet.org

  and in the body of the message write

  #Alladin 4D username@domain

Radiance
--------
  Greg Ward, the author, sends to registered (via e-mail) users digests of
  his correspodence with them, notes about fixes, updates, etc.
  His address is: gjward@lbl.gov

REND386
-------
  send subscription requests to rend386-request@sunee.waterloo.edu
  send material to rend386@sunee.waterloo.edu

PoV ray / DKB raytracers
------------------------
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe dkb-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@trearn.bitnet

  send material to dkb-l@trearn.bitnet

Mailing List for Massively Parallel Rendering
---------------------------------------------
  send subscription requests to mp-render-request@icase.edu
  send material to mp-render@icase.edu

==========================================================================

6. 3D graphics editors
======================

a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
============================================

VISION-3D
---------
  Mac-based program written by Paul D. Bourke (pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz).
  The program can be used to generate models directly in the RayShade
  and Radiance file formats (polygons only).
  It's shareware and listed on the FTP list.

BRL
---
  A solid modeling system for most environments -- including SGI and X11.
  It has CSG and NURBS, plus support for Non-Manifold Geometry
  [Whatever it is].

  You can get it *free* via FTP by signing and returning the relevant license,
  found on ftp.brl.mil. Uses ray-tracing for engineering analyses.

  Contact:

  Ms. Carla Moyer
  (410)-273-7794 tel.
  (410)-272-6763 FAX
  cad-dist@brl.mil E-mail

  Snail mail:

  BRL-CAD Distribution
  SURVIAC Aberdeen Satellite Office 1003
  Old Philadelphia Road,
  Suite 103 Aberdeen
  MD  21001  USA

IRIT
----
  A constructive solid geometry (CSG) modeling program for PC and X11.
  Includes freeform surface support. Free - see FTP list for where to
  find it.

SurfModel
---------
  A solid modeling program for PC written in Turbo Pascal 6.0 by
  Ken Van Camp. Available from SIMTEL, pd1:<msdos.srfmodl> directory.

NOODLES
-------
   From CMU, namely Fritz Printz and Levent Gursoz (elg@styx.edrc.cmu.edu).
   It's based on Non Manifold Topology.
   Ask them for more info, I don't know if they give it away.

XYZ2
----
  XYZ2 is an interactive 3-D editor/builder written by Dale P. Stocker to
  create objects for the SurfaceModel, Automove, and DKB raytracer packages.
  XYZ2 is free and can be found, for example, in SIMTEL20 as
  <MSDOS.SURFMODL>XYZ21.ZIP (DOS only??)

3DMOD
-----
  It's an MSDOS program. Check at barnacle.erc.clarkson.edu [128.153.28.12],
  /pub/msdos/graphics/3dmod.* . Undocumented file format :-(
  3DMOD is (C) 1991 by Micah Silverman, 25 Pierrepoint Ave., Postdam,
  New York 13676, tel. 315-265-7140

NORTHCAD
--------
  Shareware, <MSDOS.CAD>NCAD3D42.ZIP in SIMTEL20. Undocumented file format :-(

Vertex
------
  (Amiga)
  Shareware, send $40 US (check or money order) to:

  The Art Machine, 4189 Nickolas
  Sterling Heights, MI  48310
  USA

  In addition to the now standard file formats, including Lightwave,
  Imagine, Sculpt, Turbo Silver, GEO and Wavefront, this release offers
  3D Professional and RayShade support. (Rayshade is supported only by
  the primitive "triangle", but you can easily include this output in
  your RayShade scripts)

  The latest demo, version 1.62, is available on Fred Fish #727.

  For more information, contact the author, Alex Deburie, at:

  ad99s461@sycom.mi.org, Phone: (313) 939-2513
  

ICoons
------
  (Amiga)
  It's a spline based object modeller ("ICoons" = Interactive 
  COONS path editor) in amiga.physik.unizh.ch (gfx/3d/ICoons1.0.lzh).
  It's free (under the GNU Licence) and requires FPU.

  The program has a look&feel which is a cross between Journeyman and
  Imagine, and it generates objects in TTDDD format.

  It is possible to load Journeyman objects into ICoons, so the program
  can be used to convert JMan objects to Imagine format.

  Author: Helge E. Rasmussen <her@compel.dk>
  PHONE + 45 36 72 33 00, FAX   + 45 36 72 43 00

[ It's also on Fred Fish disk series n.775 - nfotis ]


ProtoCAD 3D
-----------
 Ver 1.1 from Trius (shareware?)

 It's at wsmr-simtel20.army.mil and oak.oakland.edu as PCAD3D.ZIP (for PCs)

 It has this menu layout:

         FILE       File handling (Load, Save, Import, Xport...)
         DRAW       Draw 2D objects (Line, Circle, Box...)
         3D         Draw 3D objects (Mesh, Sphere, Block...)
         EDIT       Editing features (Copy, Move ...)
         SURFACE    Modify objects (Revolve, Xtrude, Sweep...)
         IMAGE      Image zooming features (Update, Window, Half...)
         OPTION     Global defaults (Grid, Toggles, Axis...)
         PLOT       Print drawing/picture (Go, Image...)
         RENDER     Shade objects (Frame, Lighting, Tune...)
         LAYER      Layer options (Select active layer, set Colors...)

+Sculptura
+---------
+  Runs under Windows 3.1, and outputs PoV files. A demo can be found
+  on wuarchive.wustl.edu in mirrors/win3/demo/demo3d.zip
+
+  Author: Michael Gibson <gibsonm@stein.u.washington.edu>


b. Commercial systems
=====================

Alpha_1
-------
  A spline-based modeling program written in University of Utah.
  Features: splines up to trimmed NURBS; support for boolean operations;
    sweeps, bending, warping, flattening etc.; groups of objects, and
    transformations; extensible object types.
  Applications include: NC machining, Animation utilities,
    Dimensioning, FEM analysis, etc.
  Rendering subsystem, with support for animations.
  Support the following platforms: HP 300 and 800's (X11R4, HP-UX 6.5),
    SGI 4D or PI machines (X11R4 and GL, IRIX 3.3.1), Sun SparcStation
    (X11R4, SunOS 4.1.1).
 
  Licensing and distribution is handled by EGS:
    Glenn McMinn, President
    Engineering Geometry Systems
    275 East South Temple, Suite 305
    Salt Lake City, UT  84111
    (801) 575-6021
    mcminn@cs.utah.edu

 [ Educational pricing ]
  The charge is $675 per platform.  You may run the system on as many
  different workstations of that type as you wish.  For each platform
  there is also a $250 licensing fee for Portable Standard Lisp (PSL)
  which is bundled with the system.  You need to obtain an additional
  license from the University of Utah for PSL from the following address:
    Professor Robert Kessler
    Computer Science Department
    University of Utah
    Salt Lake City, Utah 84112

  [ EGS can handle the licensing of PSL for U.S. institutions for a
    300 $USD nominal fee -- nfotis ]

VERTIGO
-------

  They have an Educational Institution Program. The package is used in
  the industrial design, architectural, scientific visualization,
  educational, broadcast, imaging and post production fields.

  They'll [quoting from a letter sent to me -- nfotis ] "donate fully
  configured Vertigo 3D Graphics Software worth over $29,000USD per
  package to qualified educational institutions for licencing on any
  number of Silicon Graphics Personal IRIS or POWER Series Workstations.
  If you use an IRIS Indigo station, we will also licence our Vertigo
  Revolution Software (worth $12,000USD).

  If you are interested in participating in this program please send a
  letter by mail or fax (604/684-2108) on your institution's letterhead
  briefly outlining your potential uses for Vertigo together with the
  following information: 1. UNIX version 2. Model and number of SGI
  systems 3. Peripheral devices 4. Third Party Software.

  Participants will be asked to contribute $750USD per institution to cover
  costs of the manual, administration, and shipping.

  We recommend that Vertigo users subscribe to our technical support
  services. For an annual fee you will receive: technical assistance
  on our support hotline, bug fixes, software upgrades and manual updates.
  For educational institution we will waive the $750 administration fee
  if support is purchased.

  The annual support fee is $2,500 plus the following cost for additional
  machines:

  Number of machines:		2-20		20+
  Additional cost per machine:	$700		$600 "

[ There's also a 5-day training program - nfotis]

Contact:
  Vertigo Technology INC
  Suite 1010
  1030 West Georgia St.
  VANCOUVER, BC
  CANADA, V6E 2Y3

  Phone: 604/684-2113
  Fax:   604/684-2108

[ Does anyone know of such offers from TDI, Alias, Softimage, Wavefront,
  etc.??? this would be a VERY interesting part!!  -- nfotis ]

PADL-2
------
[ Basically, it's a Solid Modeling Kernel in top of which you build your
  application(s)]

  Available by license from
    Cornell Programmable Automation
    Cornell University
    106 Engineering and Theory Center
    Ithaca, NY 14853

  License fees are very low for educational institutions and gov't agencies.
  Internal commercial licenses and re-dissemination licenses are available.
  For an information packet, write to the above address, or send your
  address to:   marisa@cpa.tn.cornell.edu (Richard Marisa)

ACIS
----
  From Spatial Technology. It's a Solid Modelling kernel callable from C.
  Heard that many universities got free copies from the company.
  The person to contact regarding ACIS in academic institutions is

    Scott Owens, e-mail: sdo@spatial.com

  And their address is:

  Spatial Technology, Inc.
  2425 55th St., Bldg. A
  Boulder, CO 80301-5704
  Phone: (303) 449-0649, Fax: (303) 449-0926

MOVIE-BYU / CQUEL.BYU
---------------------
  Basically [in my understanding], this is a FEM pre- and post-proccessor
  system. It's fairly old today, but it still serves some people in
  Mech. Eng. Depts.
  Now it's superseded from CQUEL.BYU (pronounced "sequel"). That's a
  complete modelling, animation and visualization package. Runs in the usual
  workstation environments (SUN, DEC, HP, SGI, IBM RS6000, and others)
  You can get a demo version (30-days trial period) either by sending $20
  USD in their address or a blank tape. It costs 1,500 for a full run-time
  licence.

  Contact:

  Engineering Computer Graphics Lab
  368 Clyde Building, Brigham Young Univ.
  Provo, UT 84602
  Phone: 801-378-2812
  E-mail: cquel@byu.edu


twixt
-----
  Soon to add stuff about it... If I get a reply to my FAX

VOXBLAST
--------
  It's a volume renderer marketed by:
  Vaytek Inc. (Fairfield, Iowa phone: 515-472-2227) , running on PCs
  with 386+FPU at least.  Call Vaytek for more info.

VoxelBox
--------
  A 3D Volume renderer for Windows. Features include direct
  ray-traced volume rendering, color and alpha mapping,
  gradient lighting, animation, reflections and shadows.

  Runs on a PC(386 or higher) with at least an 8 bit video card(SVGA is fine)
  under Windows 3.x. It costs $495.

  Contact:

  Jaguar Software Inc.
  573 Main St., Suite 9B
  Winchester, MA 01890
  (617) 729-3659
  jwp@world.std.com (john w poduska)

==========================================================================

7. Scene description languages
==============================

NFF
---
  Neutral file format , by Eric Haines. Very simple, there are some
  procedural database generators in the SPD package, and many objects
  floating in various FTP sites. There's also a previewer written in
  HP Starbase from E.Haines. Also there's one written in VOGLE, so you can
  use any of the devices VOGLE can output on.
  (Check in sites carrying VOGLE, like gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au)

OFF
---
  Object file format, from DEC's Randy Rost (rost@kpc.com).
[ The object archive server seems to be mothballed. In a future version,
 I'll remove the ref. to it -- nfotis ]

  Available also through their mail server. To obtain help about using this
  service, send a message with a "Subject:" line containing only the word
  "help" and a null message body to: object-archive-server@decwrl.dec.com.
  [For FTP places to get it, see in the relevant place]. There's an OFF
  previewer for SGI 4D machines, called off-preview in
  godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au . There are previewers for xview and sunview,
  also on gondwana.

TDDD
----
It's a library of 3D objects with translators to/from OFF, NFF,
Rayshade, Imagine or vort objects.
Edited copy of the announcement follows (from Raytracing News, V4,#3):

  New Library of 3D Objects Available via FTP, by Steve Worley
  (worley@cup.portal.com)

  I have assembled a set of over 150 3D objects in a binary format
  called TDDD. These objects range from human figures to airplanes,
  from semi-trucks to lampposts.  These objects are all freely
  distributable, and most have READMEs that describe them.

  In order to convert these objects to a human-readable format, a file
  with the specification of TDDD is included in the directory with the
  objects. There is also a shareware system called TTDDDLIB (officially
  on hubcap.clemson.edu) that will convert (ala PBM+) to/from various
  object formats : Imagine TTDDD (extension of TDDD?), OFF, NFF,
  Rayshade 4.0, or vort. Source included for Amiga/Unix as executables
  for the Amiga. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric views
  in Postscript.

P3D
---
  From Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center. The P3D uses lisp with slight
  extensions to store three-dimensional models. A simple lisp
  interpreter is included with the P3D release, so there is no need to
  have access to any vendor's lisp to run this software.

  The mouse-driven user interfaces for Motif, Open Look, and Silicon
  Graphics GL, and the DrawP3D subroutine library for generating P3D
  without ever looking at the underlying Lisp.

  The P3D software currently supports nine renderers.  They are:
  Painter - Painter's Algorithm, Dore, Silicon Graphics Inc. GL language,
  Generic Phigs, Sun Phigs+, DEC Phigs+, Rayshade, ART ray tracer (from
  VORT package) and Pixar RenderMan.

  The code is available via anonymous FTP from the machines
  ftp.psc.edu, directory pub/p3d, and nic.funet.fi, directory
  pub/graphics/programs/p3d.

RenderMan
---------
  Pixar's RenderMan is not free - call Pixar for details.

==========================================================================

8. Solids description formats
=============================

a. EEC's ESPRIT project 322 CAD*I (CAD Interfaces) has developed a
  neutral file format for transfer of CAD data (curves, surfaces, and
  solid models between CAD systems and from CAD to CAA (Computer Aided
  Analysis) an CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)

b. IGES [v. 5.1 now] tries to define a standard to tranfer solid
  models - Brep and CSG. The current standard number is ANSI Y14.26M-1987
  For documentation, you might want to contact Nancy Flower at
  NCGA Technical Services and Standards, 1-800-225-6242 ext. 325
  and the cost is $100.
  This standard is not available in electronic format.

c. PDES/STEP : This slowly emerging standard tries to encompass not only
  the geometrical information, but also for things like FEM, etc.
  The main bodies besides this standard are NIST and DARPA. You can get
  more information about PDES by sending mail to nptserver@cme.nist.gov
  and putting the line
	send index
  in the body (NOT the Subject:) area of the message.

  The people at Rutherford Appleton Lab.  are also working
  on STEP tools: they have an EXPRESS compiler and an Exchange file parser,
  both available in source form (and for free) for research purposes.
  Soon they will also have an EXPRESS-based database system.

  For the tools contact Mike Mead, Phone: +44 (0235) 44 6710 (FAX: x 5893),
  e-mail: mm@inf.rl.ac.uk or {...!}mcsun!uknet!rlinf!mm or
          mm%inf.rl.ac.uk@NSFnet-relay.ac.uk

==========================================================================

End of Part 1 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38378
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Ellipse from Its Offset


Hi! Everyone,

Since some people quickly solved the problem of determining a sphere from
4 points, I suddenly recalled a problem which is how to find the ellipse
from its offset. For example, given 5 points on the offset, can you find
the original ellipse analytically?

I spent two months solving this problem by using analytical method last year,
but I failed. Under the pressure, I had to use other method - nonlinear
programming technique to deal with this problem approximately.

Any ideas will be greatly appreciated. Please post here, let the others
share our interests.

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38379
From: d88-jwa@hemul.nada.kth.se (Jon Wtte)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In <Z2442B4w164w@cellar.org> tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:

>> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>> 
>> Can you please offer some recommendations?

I think APDA has something called MacWireFrame which is a full
wire-frame (and supposedly hidden-line removal) library.
I think it weighs in at $99 (but I've been wrong on an order
of magnitude before)

>Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I can relate to that

					/h+
-- 
 -- Jon W{tte, h+@nada.kth.se, Mac Hacker Deluxe --

  "On a clear disc, you can seek forever."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38380
From: Peter.vanderveen@visser.el.wau.nl  (Peter van der Veen)
Subject: To yhe one who wants fonts in POV/POLYRAY/VIVID

To everyone who wants fonts in Vivid/POV/Polyray.
The Borland BGI font converter is VVFONT18.ZIP.
This program can be found on FTP.INFORMATIK.UNI-OLDENBURG.DE directory
pub/dkbtrace/utils.
Also WUARCHIVE has mirrored this site (directory graphics/graphics/mirrors/
ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/dkbtrace/utils.
There are more nice utilities present in this directory.
A new version of Polyray 1.6 (for those asked for it) can be found on the 
same sites but in the directory INCOMING instead of UTILS (PLY16386).
Also in this directory POVSHELL and PV3DV060 could be found.
Have a nive raytrace time.
Peter

 /*---------*\*/*-------------------------------------------*\
 *|  ____/|  *|*    PETER.VANDERVEEN@VISSER.EL.WAU.NL       |*
 *|  \ o.O|  *|*    Department of Genetics                  |*
 *|   =(_)=  *|*    Agricultural University                 |*
 *|     U    *|*    Wageningen, The Netherlands             |*
 \*---------*/*\*-------------------------------------------*/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38381
Subject: newss
From: pollarda@physc1.byu.edu



I am working on a project where we are going to be including
both still and moving grapics within a database.  Of course
JPEG and MPEG come to mind as the formats of choice for the
various files.  However, from what I read on the Net, it seems
as if there are several different forms of each of these.

What I want to do, is settle on a file format which I can count
on as being a standard format 10 years from now.  I know Apple is going
to support Quicktime on the new Power PC's and, so this
may be the format of choice.

What format does Apple's Quicktime use for their products?  I guess
it is some kind of MPEG for their motion picture. Is it any different
than standard MPEG files?

Thanx for any info!

Art.
Pollarda@xray.byu.edu


  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38382
Subject: PD 3D Viewer wanted
From: qiaok@bones.et.byu.edu (Kun Qiao)

I am looking for a public domain 3d viewer.  It does not have to be very
fancy.  The features I want is simple wireframe display, flat shading, 
simple transformation.  It would be nice to have hidden line.    

Any information is appreciated.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38383
From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1993Apr17.113223.12092@imag.fr> schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer) writes:

>Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
>with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
>So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
>think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
>not very nice.

No, VGALIB?  Amazing..  I guess it was lost in all those subdirs :-)
Thanks for correcting me.  It doesn't sound very appealing though, only
320x200?  I'm glad it wasn't something major I missed.

Thanks,

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38384
From: schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <C5LErr.1J3@rahul.net>, bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
|> In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:
|> 
|> >A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
|> >am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
|> >Thanks!
|> > 
|> 
|> Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
|> any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
|> so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
|> graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
|> X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
|> doc, image viewers like xv, etc.
|> 

Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
not very nice.

Best Regards,

Arno

-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arno Schaefer				ENSIMAG, 2e Annee
Email: schaefer@silene.imag.fr
Tel.: (33) 76 51 79 95			:-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38385
From: add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
Subject: Need specs/info on Apple QuickTime

I need to get the specs, or at least a very verbose interpretation of the
specs, for QuickTime.  Technical articles from magazines and references to
books would be nice too.

I also need the specs in a format usable on a Unix or MS-DOS system.  I can't
do much with the QuickTime stuff they have on ftp.apple.com in its present
format.

Thanks in advance.

James D. Murray
add@sciences.sdsu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38386
From: harti@mikro.ee.tu-berlin.de (Stefan Hartmann (Behse))
Subject: Genoa graphics board Drivers FTP site!

Hi,

well I have opened up a FTP site for getting the latest software drivers
for Genoa graphics cards.

Here is how to access it:

ftp 192.109.42.11
login:ftp
password:ftp
cd pub/genoa
ls -l
binary
prompt
hash

(now if you wanna have the latest drivers for the 7900 board)

cd 7000series
mget *

quit

This is the sequence to get the drivers.

If you have any further question, please email me.

Best regards, Stefan Hartmann
email to: harti@mikro.ee.tu-berlin.de

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38387
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <C5LEvt.1nJ@rahul.net> bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
>In <1qlobb$p5a@tuegate.tue.nl> renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>[Most info regarding dangers of reading from Floppy disks omitted]
>>unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
>>program to do this...
>Nevertheless, it is an important bug that needs to be squashed.  I am
>merely pointing out that it was probably overlooked.  While it is serious,
>one must keep in mind that it will probably affect at most 5% of the
>targeted users of CView.

OK, I don't use CView anymore, but I saw that no one had explaind this
"bug" in the thread, so here goes:

It is NOT the fault of CView.  It is DOS!  If you leave a file open on a
floppy drive, then change the disk and do something which updates or closes
that file, you have a good chance of getting part of the directory and FAT
from the other disk written to the new disk.  This has always been true,
and has destroyed data under other programs, not just CView.

The only thing CView can do to improve the situation is to try not to leave
files open unless it's actively using them (ie, reading and decoding).

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38388
From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Fast polygon routine needed

This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.  I have one that works right now, but
its very slow.  Could anyone point me to one, pref in ASM that is fairly well
documented and flexible?
	Thanx,
            //Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38389
From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
>polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.

	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38390
From: idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> mcmains@unt.edu (Sean McMains) writes:
>
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

A 68070 is just a 68010 with a built in MMU.  I don't even think that Moto.
manufactures them.

                                  - Ian Romanick
                                    Dancing Fool of Epsilon

[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]
 | Were the contained thoughts 'opinions',     EPN.NTSC.quality = Best|
 | PSU would probably not agree with them.                            |
 |                                                                    |
 | "Look, I don't know anything about                                 |
 | douche, but I do know Anti-Freeze                                  |
 | when I see it!" - The Dead Milkmen                                 |
[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38391
From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: MS-Windows graphics viewer?


Howdy all,

	I was wondering if people could e-mail me their opinions on
the various graphics viewers available for MS-Windows 3.x...  I'm
working on a project to set up our scanner and write documentation on
how to use it and it would be nice to have a snazzy image viewer 
to look at (and maybe even edit?) the image you just scanned.

The file formats I'm looking for:

GIF
JPEG
TIFF
PCX
whatever other 'major' file formats there are.

Thanks a lot for your help

Grant

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
In the days of old,
When Knights were bold,
	And women were too cautious;
Oh, those gallant days,
When women were women,
	And men were really obnoxious ...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38392
From: rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com> ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado) writes:
>In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>|> In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
>|> Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>|> >   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>|> >a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>|> >like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
[snip]
(the 3DO is not a 68000!!!)
>|> 
>|> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
>|> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
>|> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
>|> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
>|> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
>|> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
>|> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
>|> dynamic material.
[snip]
>booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
>using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
>quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
>(1.5).
>
>   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
>nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
>3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
>wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
>increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 
>
>   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
>what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
>could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.
>
>   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
>a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
>from memory!
>
>   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
>hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
>animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?
>
>   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.
>


The 3DO box is based on an ARM RISC processor, one or two custom graphics
chips, a DSP, a double-speed CDROM, and 2MB of RAM/VRAM. (I'm a little
fuzzy on the breakdown of the graphics chips and RAM/VRAM capacity).

It was demonstrated at a recent gathering at the Electronic Cafe in
Santa Monica, CA. From 3DO, RJ Mical (of Amiga/Lynx fame) and Hal
Josephson (sp?) were there to talk about the machine and their plan. We
got to see the unit displaying full-screen movies using the CompactVideo codec
(which was nice, very little blockiness showing clips from Jaws and Backdraft)
... and a very high frame rate to boot (like 30fps).

Note however that the 3DO's screen resolution is 320x240.

CompactVideo is pretty amazing... I also wanted to point out that QuickTime
does indeed slow down when one dynamically resizes material as was stated
above... I'm sure if the material had been compressed at the large size
then it would play back fine (I have a Q950 and do this quite a bit). The
price of generality... personally I don't use the dynamic sizing of movies
often, if ever. But playing back stuff at its original size is plenty quick
on the latest 040 machines.

I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

Rob Barris
Quicksilver Software Inc.
rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38393
From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>>This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
>>polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>
>	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?

To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, done in C and
ASM.  I need a faster way to draw concave polygons that the method I have right
now, which is very slow.
	 //Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38394
From: kennu@mits.mdata.fi (Kenneth Falck)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <C5Mv2n.49t@rahul.net> bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
>In <1993Apr17.113223.12092@imag.fr> schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer) writes:
>
>>Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
>>with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
>>So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
>>think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
>>not very nice.
>
>No, VGALIB?  Amazing..  I guess it was lost in all those subdirs :-)
>Thanks for correcting me.  It doesn't sound very appealing though, only
>320x200?  I'm glad it wasn't something major I missed.

Tommy Frandsen's VGAlib (which is probably what you're talking about)
will do the standard VGA modes, some tweaked modes and then the Tseng
ET4000 Super VGA modes. I have an ET4000 and I'm viewing GIF's at
640x480/256 (I have a lousy/small monitor) with dpg-view on Linux. I
think I had to change some constants in the dpg-view sources to make it
use the ET4k modes.

VGAlib's sources seem to be designed for easy addition of new Super VGA
support; each mode is an array of register values and there's a program
that dumps an array declaration of this kind describing the current
mode. Haven't tried it though...

(Btw, my version of VGAlib is 1.2.)

-- 
kennu@mits.mdata.fi
Try Linux, a free UNIX by Linus Torvalds for 386+'s. Read comp.os.linux
(or ask me by email if you like) for more information. You can run X11,
TeX, GNU EMACS and much more on top of a nice POSIX environment.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38395
From: fineman@stein2.u.washington.edu (Twixt your toes)
Subject: Anyone know use "rayshade" out there?

I'm using "rayshade" on the u.w. computers here, and i'd like input
from other users, and perhaps swap some ideas.  I could post
uuencoded .gifs here, or .ray code, if anyone's interested.  I'm having
trouble coming up with colors that are metallic (i.e. brass, steel)
from the RGB values.

If you're on the u.w. machines, check out "~fineman/rle.files/*.rle" on 
stein.u.washington.edu for some of what i've got.  

dan



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38396
From: Mike_Peredo@mindlink.bc.ca (Mike Peredo)
Subject: Re: "Fake" virtual reality

The most ridiculous example of VR-exploitation I've seen so far is the
"Virtual Reality Clothing Company" which recently opened up in Vancouver. As
far as I can tell it's just another "chic" clothes spot. Although it would be
interesting if they were selling "virtual clothing"....

E-mail me if you want me to dig up their phone # and you can probably get
some promotional lit.

MP
(8^)-


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38397
From: craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson)
Subject: Video in/out


I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
What cards should I be looking into?

Thanks,
Craig

-- 
                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
 Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
 craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38398
From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: MS-Windows screen grabber?


Howdy all,

Where could I find a screen-grabber program for MS-Windows?  I'm 
writing up some documentation and it would be VERY helpful to include
sample screens into the document.

Please e-mail as I don't usualy follow this group.

Thanks a lot,

Grant

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
"The human brain is like an enormous fish -- it is flat and slimy and
has gills through which it can see."
		-- Monty Python

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38399
From: mjw19@cl.cam.ac.uk (M.J. Williams)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <2BD07605.18974@news.service.uci.edu> rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris) writes:
>                                                                     We
>got to see the unit displaying full-screen movies using the CompactVideo codec
>(which was nice, very little blockiness showing clips from Jaws and Backdraft)
>... and a very high frame rate to boot (like 30fps).

Acorn Replay running on a 25MHz ARM 3 processor (the ARM 3 is about 20% slower
than the ARM 6) does this in software (off a standard CD-ROM). 16 bit colour at
about the same resolution (so what if the computer only has 8 bit colour
support, real-time dithering too...). The 3D0/O is supposed to have a couple of
DSPs - the ARM being used for housekeeping.

>I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
>the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

A 25MHz ARM 6xx should clock around 20 ARM MIPS, say 18 flat out. Depends
really on the surrounding system and whether you are talking ARM6x or ARM6xx
(the latter has a cache, and so is essential to run at this kind of speed with
slower memory).

I'll stop saying things there 'cos I'll hopefully be working for ARM after
graduation...

Mike

PS Don't pay heed to what reps from Philips say; if the 3D0/O doesn't beat the
   pants off 3DI then I'll eat this postscript.
--
____________________________________________________________________________
\  /  / Michael Williams                     Part II Computer Science Tripos
|\/|\/\ MJW19@phx.cam.ac.uk                          University of Cambridge
|  |(__)Cymdeithas Genedlaethol Traddodiad Troi Teigrod Mwythus Ben I Waered

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38400
From: edb@dmssyd.syd.dms.CSIRO.AU (Ed Breen)
Subject: DICTA-93


                Australian Pattern Recognition Society

                         2nd CALL FOR PAPERS

                               DICTA-93

                          2nd Conference on -

         DIGITAL IMAGING COMPUTING: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS


Location: Macquarie Theatre
          Macquarie University
          Sydney

Date: 8-10 December 1993.


   DICTA-93 is the second biennial national conference of the
Australian Pattern Recognition Society.

   This event will provide an opportunity for any persons with an
interest in computer vision, digital image processing/analysis and other
aspects of pattern recognition to become informed about contemporary
developments in the area, to exchange ideas, to establish contacts and
to share details of their own work with others.

        The Following invited speakers will provide specialised
presentations:

Prof Gabor T. Herman, University of Pennsylvania on Medical Imaging.

Prof. R.M. Hodgson, Massey University New Zealand on Computer Vision.

Prof. Dominique Juelin, Centre de Morphologie Mathematique, Paris on
Mathematical Morphology.

Prof. John Richards, Aust. Defence Force Academy, Canberra on Remote
Sensing.

Dr. Phillip K. Robertson, CSIRO Division of Information Technology,
Canberra on Interactive Visualisation.


   The conference will concentrate on (but is not limited to) the
following areas of image processing:-

                * Computer Vision and Object Recognition
                * Motion Analysis
                * Morphology
                * Medical Imaging
                * Fuzzy logic and Neural Networks
                * Image Coding
                * Machine Vision and Robotics
                * Enhancement and Restoration
                * Enhancement and Restoration
                * Visualisation
                * Industrial Applications
                * Software and Hardware Tools

   Papers are sought for presentation at the conference and publication
in the conference proceedings. Submission for peer review should consist
of an extended abstract of 750-1000 words of doubled spaced text, summarizing the
technical aspects of the paper and any results that will be quoted.
Final papers should be limited to no more than 8 pages of text and
illustrations in camera-ready form.


   Four (4) copies of the abstract should be sent to:


                               DICTA-93
                          C/- Tony Adriaansen
                  CSIRO - Division of Wool Technology
                                PO Box 7
                             Ryde NSW 2112
                               Australia



                            IMPORTANT DATES

                Abstract due            - 25th June 1993
                Acceptance notified     - 27th August 1993
                Final paper due         - 15th October 1993



SOCIAL PROGRAM:

The conference dinner will be held on the Thursday 9th of December 1993.
Other social activities are being arranged.

Situated on a beautiful harbour, Sydney has many and varied places of
interest. The Opera House and Harbour Bridge are just two of the well
known landmarks. Harbour cruises, city tours to the Blue Mountains run
daily. We can provide further information on request.


ACCOMMODATION:

Accommodation within 15 min walking distance is available, ranging from
college style to 5 star Hotel facilities. Information will be supplied
upon request.


CONFERENCE FEES:

                        before 30th Sep.        After 30th Sep.
APRS Members              A$220                   A$250
APRS Student Members      A$120                   A$150
Others                    A$250                   A$280

Conference Dinner         A$35
on Dec 9th 1993


-------------------------------------------------------------
                ADVANCED REGISTRATION

Name:
Organisation:
Address

Phone:
Fax:
email:

                - I am a current Member of APRS.

                - I am not a current member of APRS.

                - Please send me information on accommodation.


I enclose a cheque for

-------------------------------------------------------------

Please send the above form to

DICTA-93
C/- Tony Adriaansen
CSIRO - Division of Wool Technology
PO Box 7
Ryde NSW 2112
Australia

The cheques should be made payable to DICTA-93.

For further information contact:
* Tony Adriaansen (02) 809 9495
* Athula Ginigie  (02) 330 2393
* email: dicta93@ee.uts.edu.au

APRS is a member of IAPP the International Association for Pattern
Recognition, Inc. An affiliated member of the International Federation
for Information Processing.





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38401
From: ebuhcb@ebu.ericsson.se (Cuyler Buckwalter 66678)
Subject: Re: So what is the fastest Windows video c

In article 16APR199309101156@trentu.ca, ayounes@trentu.ca (Amro Younes, Trent University, C.C. #314, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 7B8. (705) 749-0391) writes:
>I have the ATI GRAPHICS ULTRA PRO EISA version.  I must admit it has 
>received bad press but that was due to the faulty drivers it had.  

PC Magazine seems to be impressed with the ATI card in their most recent
reviews.  In the April 13th issue they rate the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro
(EISA version) as their "Editor's Choice".  They noted that the drivers
had improved since they tested the ISA version in January...
                                                            ...Cuyler

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38402
From: cavalier@blkbox.COM (Bill Egan)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

jgreen@amber (Joe Green) writes:
>> > Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?

>Do you have Weitek's address/phone number?  I'd like to get some information
>about this chip.

Yes, I am very interested in this chip.  Please follow up or email.

--
Bill Egan          
Cavalier Graphics
Houston, Texas
Email: cavalier@blkbox.com 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38403
From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: JPEG image compression: Frequently Asked Questions

Archive-name: jpeg-faq
Last-modified: 18 April 1993

This FAQ article discusses JPEG image compression.  Suggestions for
additions and clarifications are welcome.

New since version of 3 April 1993:
  * New versions of Image Archiver and PMJPEG for OS/2.


This article includes the following sections:

[1]  What is JPEG?
[2]  Why use JPEG?
[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?
[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?
    [6A] "canned" software, viewers, etc.
    [6B] source code
[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
[8]  How does JPEG work?
[9]  What about lossless JPEG?
[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?
[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
[12]  What about arithmetic coding?
[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

Sections 1-6 are basic info that every JPEG user needs to know;
sections 7-14 are advanced info for the curious.

This article is posted every 2 weeks.  You can always find the latest version
in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu (18.172.1.27).  By FTP, fetch
/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq; or if you don't have FTP, send e-mail to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with body "send usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq".
Many other FAQ articles are also stored in this archive.  For more
instructions on use of the archive, send e-mail to the same address with the
words "help" and "index" (no quotes) on separate lines.  If you don't get a
reply, the server may be misreading your return address; add a line such as
"path myname@mysite" to specify your correct e-mail address to reply to.


----------


[1]  What is JPEG?

JPEG (pronounced "jay-peg") is a standardized image compression mechanism.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the
committee that wrote the standard.  JPEG is designed for compressing either
full-color or gray-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes.
It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line
drawings.

JPEG does not handle black-and-white (1-bit-per-pixel) images, nor does it
handle motion picture compression.  Standards for compressing those types
of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG
respectively.

JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in.  The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitations of the human eye, notably
the fact that small color details aren't perceived as well as small details
of light-and-dark.  Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images that will
be looked at by humans.  If you plan to machine-analyze your images, the
small errors introduced by JPEG may be a problem for you, even if they are
invisible to the eye.

A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by
adjusting compression parameters.  This means that the image maker can trade
off file size against output image quality.  You can make *extremely* small
files if you don't mind poor quality; this is useful for indexing image
archives, making thumbnail views or icons, etc. etc.  Conversely, if you
aren't happy with the output quality at the default compression setting, you
can jack up the quality until you are satisfied, and accept lesser compression.


[2]  Why use JPEG?

There are two good reasons: to make your image files smaller, and to store
24-bit-per-pixel color data instead of 8-bit-per-pixel data.

Making image files smaller is a big win for transmitting files across
networks and for archiving libraries of images.  Being able to compress a
2 Mbyte full-color file down to 100 Kbytes or so makes a big difference in
disk space and transmission time!  (If you are comparing GIF and JPEG, the
size ratio is more like four to one.  More details below.)

If your viewing software doesn't support JPEG directly, you'll have to
convert JPEG to some other format for viewing or manipulating images.  Even
with a JPEG-capable viewer, it takes longer to decode and view a JPEG image
than to view an image of a simpler format (GIF, for instance).  Thus, using
JPEG is essentially a time/space tradeoff: you give up some time in order to
store or transmit an image more cheaply.

It's worth noting that when network or phone transmission is involved, the
time savings from transferring a shorter file can be much greater than the
extra time to decompress the file.  I'll let you do the arithmetic yourself.

The other reason why JPEG will gradually replace GIF as a standard Usenet
posting format is that JPEG can store full color information: 24 bits/pixel
(16 million colors) instead of 8 or less (256 or fewer colors).  If you have
only 8-bit display hardware then this may not seem like much of an advantage
to you.  Within a couple of years, though, 8-bit GIF will look as obsolete as
black-and-white MacPaint format does today.  Furthermore, for reasons detailed
in section 7, JPEG is far more useful than GIF for exchanging images among
people with widely varying color display hardware.  Hence JPEG is considerably
more appropriate than GIF for use as a Usenet posting standard.


[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?

JPEG is *not* going to displace GIF entirely; for some types of images,
GIF is superior in image quality, file size, or both.  One of the first
things to learn about JPEG is which kinds of images to apply it to.

As a rule of thumb, JPEG is superior to GIF for storing full-color or
gray-scale images of "realistic" scenes; that means scanned photographs and
similar material.  JPEG is superior even if you don't have 24-bit display
hardware, and it is a LOT superior if you do.  (See section 7 for details.)

GIF does significantly better on images with only a few distinct colors,
such as cartoons and line drawings.  In particular, large areas of pixels
that are all *exactly* the same color are compressed very efficiently indeed
by GIF.  JPEG can't squeeze these files as much as GIF does without
introducing visible defects.  This sort of image is best kept in GIF form.
(In particular, single-color borders are quite cheap in GIF files, but they
should be avoided in JPEG files.)

JPEG also has a hard time with very sharp edges: a row of pure-black pixels
adjacent to a row of pure-white pixels, for example.  Sharp edges tend to
come out blurred unless you use a very high quality setting.  Again, this
sort of thing is not found in scanned photographs, but it shows up fairly
often in GIF files: borders, overlaid text, etc.  The blurriness is
particularly objectionable with text that's only a few pixels high.
If you have a GIF with a lot of small-size overlaid text, don't JPEG it.

Computer-drawn images (ray-traced scenes, for instance) usually fall between
scanned images and cartoons in terms of complexity.  The more complex and
subtly rendered the image, the more likely that JPEG will do well on it.
The same goes for semi-realistic artwork (fantasy drawings and such).

Plain black-and-white (two level) images should never be converted to JPEG.
You need at least about 16 gray levels before JPEG is useful for gray-scale
images.  It should also be noted that GIF is lossless for gray-scale images
of up to 256 levels, while JPEG is not.

If you have an existing library of GIF images, you may wonder whether you
should convert them to JPEG.  You will lose a little image quality if you do.
(Section 7, which argues that JPEG image quality is superior to GIF, only
applies if both formats start from a full-color original.  If you start from
a GIF, you've already irretrievably lost a great deal of information; JPEG
can only make things worse.)  However, the disk space savings may justify
converting anyway.  This is a decision you'll have to make for yourself.
If you do convert a GIF library to JPEG, see section 14 for hints.  Be
prepared to leave some images in GIF format, since some GIFs will not
convert well.


[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?

Pretty darn well.  Here are some sample file sizes for an image I have
handy, a 727x525 full-color image of a ship in a harbor.  The first three
files are for comparison purposes; the rest were created with the free JPEG
software described in section 6B.

File	   Size in bytes		Comments

ship.ppm	1145040  Original file in PPM format (no compression; 24 bits
			 or 3 bytes per pixel, plus a few bytes overhead)
ship.ppm.Z	 963829  PPM file passed through Unix compress
			 compress doesn't accomplish a lot, you'll note.
			 Other text-oriented compressors give similar results.
ship.gif	 240438  Converted to GIF with ppmquant -fs 256 | ppmtogif
			 Most of the savings is the result of losing color
			 info: GIF saves 8 bits/pixel, not 24.  (See sec. 7.)

ship.jpg95	 155622  cjpeg -Q 95    (highest useful quality setting)
			 This is indistinguishable from the 24-bit original,
			 at least to my nonprofessional eyeballs.
ship.jpg75	  58009  cjpeg -Q 75    (default setting)
			 You have to look mighty darn close to distinguish this
			 from the original, even with both on-screen at once.
ship.jpg50	  38406  cjpeg -Q 50
			 This has slight defects; if you know what to look
			 for, you could tell it's been JPEGed without seeing
			 the original.  Still as good image quality as many
			 recent postings in Usenet pictures groups.
ship.jpg25	  25192  cjpeg -Q 25
			 JPEG's characteristic "blockiness" becomes apparent
			 at this setting (djpeg -blocksmooth helps some).
			 Still, I've seen plenty of Usenet postings that were
			 of poorer image quality than this.
ship.jpg5o	   6587  cjpeg -Q 5 -optimize  (-optimize cuts table overhead)
			 Blocky, but perfectly satisfactory for preview or
			 indexing purposes.  Note that this file is TINY:
			 the compression ratio from the original is 173:1 !

In this case JPEG can make a file that's a factor of four or five smaller
than a GIF of comparable quality (the -Q 75 file is every bit as good as the
GIF, better if you have a full-color display).  This seems to be a typical
ratio for real-world scenes.


[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?

Most JPEG compressors let you pick a file size vs. image quality tradeoff by
selecting a quality setting.  There seems to be widespread confusion about
the meaning of these settings.  "Quality 95" does NOT mean "keep 95% of the
information", as some have claimed.  The quality scale is purely arbitrary;
it's not a percentage of anything.

The name of the game in using JPEG is to pick the lowest quality setting
(smallest file size) that decompresses into an image indistinguishable from
the original.  This setting will vary from one image to another and from one
observer to another, but here are some rules of thumb.

The default quality setting (-Q 75) is very often the best choice.  This
setting is about the lowest you can go without expecting to see defects in a
typical image.  Try -Q 75 first; if you see defects, then go up.  Except for
experimental purposes, never go above -Q 95; saying -Q 100 will produce a
file two or three times as large as -Q 95, but of hardly any better quality.

If the image was less than perfect quality to begin with, you might be able to
go down to -Q 50 without objectionable degradation.  On the other hand, you
might need to go to a HIGHER quality setting to avoid further degradation.
The second case seems to apply much of the time when converting GIFs to JPEG.
The default -Q 75 is about right for compressing 24-bit images, but -Q 85 to
95 is usually better for converting GIFs (see section 14 for more info).

If you want a very small file (say for preview or indexing purposes) and are
prepared to tolerate large defects, a -Q setting in the range of 5 to 10 is
about right.  -Q 2 or so may be amusing as "op art".

(Note: the quality settings discussed in this article apply to the free JPEG
software described in section 6B, and to many programs based on it.  Other
JPEG implementations, such as Image Alchemy, may use a completely different
quality scale.  Some programs don't even provide a numeric scale, just
"high"/"medium"/"low"-style choices.)


[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?

Most of the programs described in this section are available by FTP.
If you don't know how to use FTP, see the FAQ article "How to find sources".
(If you don't have direct access to FTP, read about ftpmail servers in the
same article.)  That article appears regularly in news.answers, or you can
get it by sending e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
"send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.  The "Anonymous FTP
List FAQ" may also be helpful --- it's usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq in
the news.answers archive.

NOTE: this list changes constantly.  If you have a copy more than a couple
months old, get the latest JPEG FAQ from the news.answers archive.


[6A]  If you are looking for "canned" software, viewers, etc:

The first part of this list is system-specific programs that only run on one
kind of system.  If you don't see what you want for your machine, check out
the portable JPEG software described at the end of the list.  Note that this
list concentrates on free and shareware programs that you can obtain over
Internet; but some commercial programs are listed too.

X Windows:

John Bradley's free XV (version 2.00 and up) is an excellent viewer for JPEG,
GIF, and other image formats.  It's available for FTP from export.lcs.mit.edu
or ftp.cis.upenn.edu.  The file is called 'xv-???.tar.Z' (where ??? is the
version number, currently 2.21); it is located in the 'contrib' directory on
export or the 'pub/xv' directory at upenn.  XV reduces all images to 8 bits
internally, which means it's not a real good choice if you have a 24-bit
display (you'll still get only 8-bit color).  Also, you shouldn't use XV to
convert full-color images to JPEG, because they'll get color-quantized first.
But XV is a fine tool for converting GIF and other 8-bit images to JPEG.
CAUTION: there is a glitch in versions 2.21 and earlier: be sure to check
the "save at normal size" checkbox when saving a JPEG file, or the file will
be blurry.

Another good choice for X Windows is John Cristy's free ImageMagick package,
also available from export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.
This package handles many image processing and conversion tasks.  The
ImageMagick viewer handles 24-bit displays correctly; for colormapped
displays, it does better (though slower) color quantization than XV or the
basic free JPEG software.

Both of the above are large, complex packages.  If you just want a simple
image viewer, try xloadimage or xli.  xloadimage supports JPEG in its latest
release, 3.03.  xloadimage is free and available from export.lcs.mit.edu,
file contrib/xloadimage.3.03.tar.Z.  xli is a variant version of xloadimage,
said by its fans to be somewhat faster and more robust than the original.
(The current xli is indeed faster and more robust than the current
xloadimage, at least with respect to JPEG files, because it has the IJG v4
decoder while xloadimage 3.03 is using a hacked-over v1.  The next
xloadimage release will fix this.)  xli is also free and available from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/xli.1.14.tar.Z.  Both programs are said
to do the right thing with 24-bit displays.


MS-DOS:

This covers plain DOS; for Windows or OS/2 programs, see the next headings.

One good choice is Eric Praetzel's free DVPEG, which views JPEG and GIF files.
The current version, 2.4a, is available by FTP from sunee.uwaterloo.ca
(129.97.50.50), file pub/jpeg/viewers/dvpeg24a.zip.  This is a good basic
viewer that works on either 286 or 386/486 machines.  The user interface is
not flashy, but it's functional.

Another freeware JPEG/GIF/TGA viewer is Mohammad Rezaei's Hiview.  The
current version, 1.2, is available from Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
below), file msdos/graphics/hv12.zip.  Hiview requires a 386 or better CPU
and a VCPI-compatible memory manager (QEMM386 and 386MAX work; Windows and
OS/2 do not).  Hiview is currently the fastest viewer for images that are no
bigger than your screen.  For larger images, it scales the image down to fit
on the screen (rather than using panning/scrolling as most viewers do).
You may or may not prefer this approach, but there's no denying that it
slows down loading of large images considerably.  Note: installation is a
bit tricky; read the directions carefully!

A shareware alternative is ColorView for DOS ($30).  This is easier to
install than either of the two freeware alternatives.  Its user interface is
also much spiffier-looking, although personally I find it harder to use ---
more keystrokes, inconsistent behavior.  It is faster than DVPEG but a
little slower than Hiview, at least on my hardware.  (For images larger than
screen size, DVPEG and ColorView seem to be about the same speed, and both
are faster than Hiview.)  The current version is 2.1, available from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/dcview21.zip.
Requires a VESA graphics driver; if you don't have one, look in vesadrv2.zip
or vesa-tsr.zip from the same directory.  (Many recent PCs have a built-in
VESA driver, so don't try to load a VESA driver unless ColorView complains
that the driver is missing.)

A second shareware alternative is Fullview, which has been kicking around
the net for a while, but I don't know any stable archive location for it.
The current (rather old) version is inferior to the above viewers anyway.
The author tells me that a new version of Fullview will be out shortly
and it will be submitted to the Simtel20 archives at that time.

The well-known GIF viewer CompuShow (CSHOW) supports JPEG in its latest
revision, 8.60a.  However, CSHOW's JPEG implementation isn't very good:
it's slow (about half the speed of the above viewers) and image quality is
poor except on hi-color displays.  Too bad ... it'd have been nice to see a
good JPEG capability in CSHOW.  Shareware, $25.  Available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/gif/cshw860a.zip.

Due to the remarkable variety of PC graphics hardware, any one of these
viewers might not work on your particular machine.  If you can't get *any*
of them to work, you'll need to use one of the following conversion programs
to convert JPEG to GIF, then view with your favorite GIF viewer.  (If you
have hi-color hardware, don't use GIF as the intermediate format; try to
find a TARGA-capable viewer instead.  VPIC5.0 is reputed to do the right
thing with hi-color displays.)

The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG converters are FTPable from Simtel20
and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/jpeg4.zip (or
jpeg4386.zip if you have a 386 and extended memory).  These files are DOS
compilations of the free source code described in section 6B; they will
convert JPEG to and from GIF, Targa, and PPM formats.

Handmade Software offers free JPEG<=>GIF conversion tools, GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF.
These are slow and are limited to conversion to and from GIF format; in
particular, you can't get 24-bit color output from a JPEG.  The major
advantage of these tools is that they will read and write HSI's proprietary
JPEG format as well as the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Since HSI-format
files are rather widespread on BBSes, this is a useful capability.  Version
2.0 of these tools is free (prior versions were shareware).  Get it from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/gif2jpg2.zip.
NOTE: do not use HSI format for files to be posted on Internet, since it is
not readable on non-PC platforms.

Handmade Software also has a shareware image conversion and manipulation
package, Image Alchemy.  This will translate JPEG files (both JFIF and HSI
formats) to and from many other image formats.  It can also display images.
A demo version of Image Alchemy version 1.6.1 is available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/alch161.zip.

NOTE ABOUT SIMTEL20: The Internet's key archive site for PC-related programs
is Simtel20, full name wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (192.88.110.20).  Simtel20
runs a non-Unix system with weird directory names; where this document
refers to directory (eg) "msdos/graphics" at Simtel20, that really means
"pd1:<msdos.graphics>".  If you are not physically on MILnet, you should
expect rather slow FTP transfer rates from Simtel20.  There are several
Internet sites that maintain copies (mirrors) of the Simtel20 archives;
most FTP users should go to one of the mirror sites instead.  A popular USA
mirror site is oak.oakland.edu (141.210.10.117), which keeps Simtel20 files
in (eg) "/pub/msdos/graphics".  If you have no FTP capability, you can
retrieve files from Simtel20 by e-mail; see informational postings in
comp.archives.msdos.announce to find out how.  If you are outside the USA,
consult the same newsgroup to learn where your nearest Simtel20 mirror is.

Microsoft Windows:

There are several Windows programs capable of displaying JPEG images.
(Windows viewers are generally slower than DOS viewers on the same hardware,
due to Windows' system overhead.  Note that you can run the DOS conversion
programs described above inside a Windows DOS window.)

The newest entry is WinECJ, which is free and EXTREMELY fast.  Version 1.0
is available from ftp.rahul.net, file /pub/bryanw/pc/jpeg/wecj.zip.
Requires Windows 3.1 and 256-or-more-colors mode.  This is a no-frills
viewer with the bad habit of hogging the machine completely while it
decodes; and the image quality is noticeably worse than other viewers.
But it's so fast you'll use it anyway, at least for previewing...

JView is freeware, fairly fast, has good on-line help, and can write out the
decompressed image in Windows BMP format; but it can't create new JPEG
files, and it doesn't view GIFs.  JView also lacks some other useful
features of the shareware viewers (such as brightness adjustment), but it's
an excellent basic viewer.  The current version, 0.9, is available from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84), file pub/pc/win3/desktop/jview090.zip.
(Mirrors of this archive can be found at some other Internet sites,
including wuarchive.wustl.edu.)

WinJPEG (shareware, $20) displays JPEG,GIF,Targa,TIFF, and BMP image files;
it can write all of these formats too, so it can be used as a converter.
It has some other nifty features including color-balance adjustment and
slideshow.  The current version is 2.1, available from Simtel20 and mirror
sites (see NOTE above), file msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip.  (This is a slow
286-compatible version; if you register, you'll get the 386-only version,
which is roughly 25% faster.)

ColorView is another shareware entry ($30).  This was an early and promising
contender, but it has not been updated in some time, and at this point it
has no real advantages over WinJPEG.  If you want to try it anyway, the
current version is 0.97, available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, file
pub/pc/win3/desktop/cview097.zip.  (I understand that a new version will
be appearing once the authors are finished with ColorView for DOS.)

DVPEG (see DOS heading) also works under Windows, but only in full-screen
mode, not in a window.

OS/2:

The following files are available from hobbes.nmsu.edu (128.123.35.151).
Note: check /pub/uploads for more recent versions --- the hobbes moderator
is not very fast about moving uploads into their permanent directories.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/jpegv4.zip
    32-bit version of free IJG conversion programs, version 4.
/pub/os2/all/graphics/jpeg4-16.zip
    16-bit version of same, for OS/2 1.x.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/imgarc11.zip
    Image Archiver 1.01: image conversion/viewing with PM graphical interface.
    Strong on conversion functions, viewing is a bit weaker.  Shareware, $15.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmjpeg11.zip
    PMJPEG 1.1: OS/2 2.x port of WinJPEG, a popular viewer for Windows
    (see description in Windows section).  Shareware, $20.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmview84.zip
    PMView 0.84: JPEG/GIF/BMP viewer.  GIF viewing very fast, JPEG viewing
    fast if you have huge amounts of RAM, otherwise about the same speed
    as the above programs.  Strong 24-bit display support.  Shareware, $20.

Macintosh:

Most Mac JPEG programs rely on Apple's JPEG implementation, which is part of
the QuickTime system extension; so you need to have QuickTime installed.
To use QuickTime, you need a 68020 or better CPU and you need to be running
System 6.0.7 or later.  (If you're running System 6, you must also install
the 32-bit QuickDraw extension; this is built-in on System 7.)  You can get
QuickTime by FTP from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/quicktime.hqx.
(As of 11/92, this file contains QuickTime 1.5, which is better than QT 1.0
in several ways.  With respect to JPEG, it is marginally faster and
considerably less prone to crash when fed a corrupt JPEG file.  However,
some applications seem to have compatibility problems with QT 1.5.)

Mac users should keep in mind that QuickTime's JPEG format, PICT/JPEG, is
not the same as the Usenet-standard JFIF JPEG format.  (See section 10 for
details.)  If you post images on Usenet, make sure they are in JFIF format.
Most of the programs mentioned below can generate either format.

The first choice is probably JPEGView, a free program for viewing images
that are in JFIF format, PICT/JPEG format, or GIF format.  It also can
convert between the two JPEG formats.  The current version, 2.0, is a big
improvement over prior versions.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
(36.44.0.6), file /info-mac/app/jpeg-view-20.hqx.  Requires System 7 and
QuickTime.  On 8-bit displays, JPEGView usually produces the best color
image quality of all the currently available Mac JPEG viewers.  JPEGView can
view large images in much less memory than other Mac viewers; in fact, it's
the only one that can deal with JPEG images much over 640x480 pixels on a
typical 4MB Mac.  Given a large image, JPEGView automatically scales it down
to fit on the screen, rather than presenting scroll bars like most other
viewers.  (You can zoom in on any desired portion, though.)  Some people
like this behavior, some don't.  Overall, JPEGView's user interface is very
well thought out.

GIFConverter, a shareware ($40) image viewer/converter, supports JFIF and
PICT/JPEG, as well as GIF and several other image formats.  The latest
version is 2.3.2.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/art/gif/gif-converter-232.hqx.  Requires System 6.0.5 or later.
GIFConverter is not better than JPEGView as a plain JPEG/GIF viewer, but
it has much more extensive image manipulation and format conversion
capabilities, so you may find it worth its shareware fee if you do a lot of
playing around with images.  Also, the newest version of GIFConverter can
load and save JFIF images *without* QuickTime, so it is your best bet if
your machine is too old to run QuickTime.  (But it's faster with QuickTime.)
Note: If GIFConverter runs out of memory trying to load a large JPEG, try
converting the file to GIF with JPEG Convert, then viewing the GIF version.

JPEG Convert, a Mac version of the free IJG JPEG conversion utilities, is
available from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file /info-mac/app/jpeg-convert-10.hqx.
This will run on any Mac, but it only does file conversion, not viewing.
You can use it in conjunction with any GIF viewer.

Previous versions of this FAQ recommended Imagery JPEG v0.6, a JPEG<=>GIF
converter based on an old version of the IJG code.  If you are using this
program, you definitely should replace it with JPEG Convert.

Apple's free program PictPixie can view images in JFIF, QuickTime JPEG, and
GIF format, and can convert between these formats.  You can get PictPixie
from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/qt.1.0.stuff/pictpixie.hqx.
Requires QuickTime.  PictPixie was intended as a developer's tool, and it's
really not the best choice unless you like to fool around with QuickTime.
Some of its drawbacks are that it requires lots of memory, it produces
relatively poor color image quality on anything less than a 24-bit display,
and it has a relatively unfriendly user interface.  Worse, PictPixie is an
unsupported program, meaning it has some minor bugs that Apple does not
intend to fix.  (There is an old version of PictPixie, called
PICTCompressor, floating around the net.  If you have this you should trash
it, as it's even buggier.  Also, the QuickTime Starter Kit includes a much
cleaned-up descendant of PictPixie called Picture Compressor.  Note that
Picture Compressor is NOT free and may not be distributed on the net.)

Storm Technology's Picture Decompress is a free JPEG viewer/converter.
This rather old program is inferior to the above programs in many ways, but
it will run without System 7 or QuickTime, so you may be forced to use it on
older systems.  (It does need 32-bit QuickDraw, so really old machines can't
use it.)  You can get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/app/picture-decompress-201.hqx.  You must set the file type of a
downloaded image file to 'JPEG' to allow Picture Decompress to open it.

If your machine is too old to run 32-bit QuickDraw (a Mac Plus for instance),
GIFConverter is your only choice for single-program JPEG viewing.  If you
don't want to pay for GIFConverter, use JPEG Convert and a free GIF viewer.

More and more commercial Mac applications are supporting JPEG, although not
all can deal with the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Adobe Photoshop, version
2.0.1 or later, can read and write JFIF-format JPEG files (use the JPEG
plug-in from the Acquire menu).  You must set the file type of a downloaded
JPEG file to 'JPEG' to allow Photoshop to recognize it.

Amiga:

(Most programs listed in this section are stored in the AmiNet archive at
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (130.60.80.80).  There are many mirror sites of this
archive and you should try to use the closest one.  In the USA, a good
choice is wuarchive.wustl.edu; look under /mirrors/amiga.physik.unizh.ch/...)

HamLab Plus is an excellent JPEG viewer/converter, as well as being a
general image manipulation tool.  It's cheap (shareware, $20) and can read
several formats besides JPEG.  The current version is 2.0.8.  A demo version
is available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/edit/hamlab208d.lha.  The demo version will crop images larger
than 512x512, but it is otherwise fully functional.

Rend24 (shareware, $30) is an image renderer that can display JPEG, ILBM,
and GIF images.  The program can be used to create animations, even
capturing frames on-the-fly from rendering packages like Lightwave.  The
current version is 1.05, available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror
sites), file amiga/os30/gfx/rend105.lha.  (Note: although this directory is
supposedly for AmigaDOS 3.0 programs, the program will also run under
AmigaDOS 1.3, 2.04 or 2.1.)

Viewtek is a free JPEG/ILBM/GIF/ANIM viewer.  The current version is 1.04,
available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/show/ViewTek104.lha.

If you're willing to spend real money, there are several commercial packages
that support JPEG.  Two are written by Thomas Krehbiel, the author of Rend24
and Viewtek.  These are CineMorph, a standalone image morphing package, and
ImageFX, an impressive 24-bit image capture, conversion, editing, painting,
effects and prepress package that also includes CineMorph.  Both are
distributed by Great Valley Products.  Art Department Professional (ADPro),
from ASDG Inc, is the most widely used commercial image manipulation
software for Amigas.  ImageMaster, from Black Belt Systems, is another
well-regarded commercial graphics package with JPEG support.

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Amigas from
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites) in directory amiga/gfx/conv, file
AmigaJPEGV4.lha.  These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM,GIF,Targa formats.

The Amiga world is heavily infested with quick-and-dirty JPEG programs, many
based on an ancient beta-test version of the free IJG JPEG software (thanks
to a certain magazine that published same on its disk-of-the-month, without
so much as notifying the authors).  Among these are "AugJPEG", "NewAmyJPEG",
"VJPEG", and probably others I have not even heard of.  In my opinion,
anything older than IJG version 3 (March 1992) is not worth the disk space
it's stored on; if you have such a program, trash it and get something newer.

Atari ST:

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Atari ST, TT, etc,
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/jpeg4bin.zoo.
These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM, GIF, Targa formats.

I have not heard of any free or shareware JPEG-capable viewer for Ataris,
but surely there must be one by now?  Pointers appreciated.

Acorn Archimedes:

!ChangeFSI, supplied with RISC OS 3 version 3.10, can convert from and view
JPEG JFIF format.  Provision is also made to convert images to JPEG,
although this must be done from the CLI rather than by double-clicking.

Recent versions (since 7.11) of the shareware program Translator can handle
JPEG, along with about 30 other image formats.  While older versions can be
found on some Archimedes bboards, the current version is only available by
registering with the author, John Kortink, Nutterbrink 31, 7544 WJ, Enschede,
The Netherlands.  Price 35 Dutch guilders (about $22 or 10 pounds).

There's also a commercial product called !JPEG which provides JPEG read/write
functionality and direct JPEG viewing, as well as a host of other image
format conversion and processing options.  This is more expensive but not
necessarily better than the above programs.  Contact: DT Software, FREEPOST,
Cambridge, UK.  Tel: 0223 841099.


Portable software for almost any system:

If none of the above fits your situation, you can obtain and compile the free
JPEG conversion software described in 6B.  You'll also need a viewer program.
If your display is 8 bits or less, any GIF viewer will do fine; if you have a
display with more color capability, try to find a viewer that can read Targa
or PPM 24-bit image files.

There are numerous commercial JPEG offerings, with more popping up every
day.  I recommend that you not spend money on one of these unless you find
the available free or shareware software vastly too slow.  In that case,
purchase a hardware-assisted product.  Ask pointed questions about whether
the product complies with the final JPEG standard and about whether it can
handle the JFIF file format; many of the earliest commercial releases are
not and never will be compatible with anyone else's files.


[6B]  If you are looking for source code to work with:

Free, portable C code for JPEG compression is available from the Independent
JPEG Group, which I lead.  A package containing our source code,
documentation, and some small test files is available from several places.
The "official" archive site for this source code is ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9
or 192.48.96.9).  Look under directory /graphics/jpeg; the current release
is jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z.  (This is a compressed TAR file; don't forget to
retrieve in binary mode.)  You can retrieve this file by FTP or UUCP.
If you are on a PC and don't know how to cope with .tar.Z format, you may
prefer ZIP format, which you can find at Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
above), file msdos/graphics/jpegsrc4.zip.  This file will also be available on
CompuServe, in the GRAPHSUPPORT forum (GO PICS), library 15, as jpsrc4.zip.
If you have no FTP access, you can retrieve the source from your nearest
comp.sources.misc archive; version 4 appeared as issues 55-72 of volume 34.
(If you don't know how to retrieve comp.sources.misc postings, see the FAQ
article "How to find sources", referred to at the top of section 6.)

The free JPEG code provides conversion between JPEG "JFIF" format and image
files in GIF, PBMPLUS PPM/PGM, Utah RLE, and Truevision Targa file formats.
The core compression and decompression modules can easily be reused in other
programs, such as image viewers.  The package is highly portable; we have
tested it on many machines ranging from PCs to Crays.

We have released this software for both noncommercial and commercial use.
Companies are welcome to use it as the basis for JPEG-related products.
We do not ask a royalty, although we do ask for an acknowledgement in
product literature (see the README file in the distribution for details).
We hope to make this software industrial-quality --- although, as with
anything that's free, we offer no warranty and accept no liability.

The Independent JPEG Group is a volunteer organization; if you'd like to
contribute to improving our software, you are welcome to join.


[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?

Most people don't have full-color (24 bit per pixel) display hardware.
Typical display hardware stores 8 or fewer bits per pixel, so it can display
256 or fewer distinct colors at a time.  To display a full-color image, the
computer must map the image into an appropriate set of representative
colors.  This process is called "color quantization".  (This is something
of a misnomer, "color selection" would be a better term.  We're stuck with
the standard usage though.)

Clearly, color quantization is a lossy process.  It turns out that for most
images, the details of the color quantization algorithm have MUCH more impact
on the final image quality than do any errors introduced by JPEG (except at
the very lowest JPEG quality settings).

Since JPEG is a full-color format, converting a color JPEG image for display
on 8-bit-or-less hardware requires color quantization.  This is true for
*all* color JPEGs: even if you feed a 256-or-less-color GIF into JPEG, what
comes out of the decompressor is *not* 256 colors, but thousands of colors.
This happens because JPEG's lossiness affects each pixel a little
differently, so two pixels that started with identical colors will probably
come out with slightly different colors.  Each original color gets "smeared"
into a group of nearby colors.  Therefore quantization is always required to
display a color JPEG on a colormapped display, regardless of the image
source.  The only way to avoid quantization is to ask for gray-scale output.

(Incidentally, because of this effect it's nearly meaningless to talk about
the number of colors used by a JPEG image.  Even if you attempted to count
the number of distinct pixel values, different JPEG decoders would give you
different results because of roundoff error differences.  I occasionally see
posted images described as "256-color JPEG".  This tells me that the poster
(a) hasn't read this FAQ and (b) probably converted the JPEG from a GIF.
JPEGs can be classified as color or gray-scale (just like photographs), but
number of colors just isn't a useful concept for JPEG.)

On the other hand, a GIF image by definition has already been quantized to
256 or fewer colors.  (A GIF *does* have a definite number of colors in its
palette, and the format doesn't allow more than 256 palette entries.)
For purposes of Usenet picture distribution, GIF has the advantage that the
sender precomputes the color quantization, so recipients don't have to.
This is also the *disadvantage* of GIF: you're stuck with the sender's
quantization.  If the sender quantized to a different number of colors than
what you can display, you have to re-quantize, resulting in much poorer
image quality than if you had quantized once from a full-color image.
Furthermore, if the sender didn't use a high-quality color quantization
algorithm, you're out of luck.

For this reason, JPEG offers the promise of significantly better image quality
for all users whose machines don't match the sender's display hardware.
JPEG's full color image can be quantized to precisely match the user's display
hardware.  Furthermore, you will be able to take advantage of future
improvements in quantization algorithms (there is a lot of active research in
this area), or purchase better display hardware, to get a better view of JPEG
images you already have.  With a GIF, you're stuck forevermore with what was
sent.

It's also worth mentioning that many GIF-viewing programs include rather
shoddy quantization routines.  If you view a 256-color GIF on a 16-color EGA
display, for example, you are probably getting a much worse image than you
need to.  This is partly an inevitable consequence of doing two color
quantizations (one to create the GIF, one to display it), but often it's
also due to sloppiness.  JPEG conversion programs will be forced to use
high quality quantizers in order to get acceptable results at all, and in
normal use they will quantize directly to the number of colors to be
displayed.  Thus, JPEG is likely to provide better results than the average
GIF program for low-color-resolution displays as well as high-resolution ones!

Finally, an ever-growing number of people have better-than-8-bit display
hardware already: 15-bit "hi-color" PC displays, true 24-bit displays on
workstations and Macintoshes, etc.  For these people, GIF is already
obsolete, as it cannot represent an image to the full capabilities of their
display.  JPEG images can drive these displays much more effectively.
Thus, JPEG is an all-around better choice than GIF for representing images
in a machine-independent fashion.


[8]  How does JPEG work?

The buzz-words to know are chrominance subsampling, discrete cosine
transforms, coefficient quantization, and Huffman or arithmetic entropy
coding.  This article's long enough already, so I'm not going to say more
than that here.  For technical information, see the comp.compression FAQ.
This is available from the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu, in files
/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq/part[1-3].  If you need help in
using the news.answers archive, see the top of this article.


[9]  What about lossless JPEG?

There's a great deal of confusion on this subject.  The JPEG committee did
define a truly lossless compression algorithm, i.e., one that guarantees the
final output is bit-for-bit identical to the original input.  However, this
lossless mode has almost nothing in common with the regular, lossy JPEG
algorithm, and it offers much less compression.  At present, very few
implementations of lossless JPEG exist, and all of them are commercial.

Saying "-Q 100" to the free JPEG software DOES NOT get you a lossless image.
What it does get rid of is deliberate information loss in the coefficient
quantization step.  There is still a good deal of information loss in the
color subsampling step.  (With the V4 free JPEG code, you can also say
"-sample 1x1" to turn off subsampling.  Keep in mind that many commercial
JPEG implementations cannot cope with the resulting file.)

Even with both quantization and subsampling turned off, the regular JPEG
algorithm is not lossless, because it is subject to roundoff errors in
various calculations.  The maximum error is a few counts in any one pixel
value; it's highly unlikely that this could be perceived by the human eye,
but it might be a concern if you are doing machine processing of an image.

At this minimum-loss setting, regular JPEG produces files that are perhaps
half the size of an uncompressed 24-bit-per-pixel image.  True lossless JPEG
provides roughly the same amount of compression, but it guarantees
bit-for-bit accuracy.

If you have an application requiring lossless storage of images with less
than 6 bits per pixel (per color component), you may want to look into the
JBIG bilevel image compression standard.  This performs better than JPEG
lossless on such images.  JPEG lossless is superior to JBIG on images with
6 or more bits per pixel; furthermore, JPEG is public domain (at least with a
Huffman back end), while the JBIG techniques are heavily covered by patents.


[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?

Strictly speaking, JPEG refers only to a family of compression algorithms;
it does *not* refer to a specific image file format.  The JPEG committee was
prevented from defining a file format by turf wars within the international
standards organizations.

Since we can't actually exchange images with anyone else unless we agree on
a common file format, this leaves us with a problem.  In the absence of
official standards, a number of JPEG program writers have just gone off to
"do their own thing", and as a result their programs aren't compatible with
anybody else's.

The closest thing we have to a de-facto standard JPEG format is some work
that's been coordinated by people at C-Cube Microsystems.  They have defined
two JPEG-based file formats:
  * JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), a "low-end" format that transports
    pixels and not much else.
  * TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, an extension of the Aldus TIFF format.  TIFF is
    a "high-end" format that will let you record just about everything you
    ever wanted to know about an image, and a lot more besides :-).  TIFF is
    a lot more complex than JFIF, and may well prove less transportable,
    because different vendors have historically implemented slightly different
    and incompatible subsets of TIFF.  It's not likely that adding JPEG to the
    mix will do anything to improve this situation.
Both of these formats were developed with input from all the major vendors
of JPEG-related products; it's reasonably likely that future commercial
products will adhere to one or both standards.

I believe that Usenet should adopt JFIF as the replacement for GIF in
picture postings.  JFIF is simpler than TIFF and is available now; the
TIFF 6.0 spec has only recently been officially adopted, and it is still
unusably vague on some crucial details.  Even when TIFF/JPEG is well
defined, the JFIF format is likely to be a widely supported "lowest common
denominator"; TIFF/JPEG files may never be as transportable.

A particular case that people may be interested in is Apple's QuickTime
software for the Macintosh.  QuickTime uses a JFIF-compatible format wrapped
inside the Mac-specific PICT structure.  Conversion between JFIF and
QuickTime JPEG is pretty straightforward, and several Mac programs are
available to do it (see Mac portion of section 6A).  If you have an editor
that handles binary files, you can strip a QuickTime JPEG PICT down to JFIF
by hand; see section 11 for details.

Another particular case is Handmade Software's programs (GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF and
Image Alchemy).  These programs are capable of reading and writing JFIF
format.  By default, though, they write a proprietary format developed by
HSI.  This format is NOT readable by any non-HSI programs and should not be
used for Usenet postings.  Use the -j switch to get JFIF output.  (This
applies to old versions of these programs; the current releases emit JFIF
format by default.  You still should be careful not to post HSI-format
files, unless you want to get flamed by people on non-PC platforms.)


[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?

If you have an alleged JPEG file that your software won't read, it's likely
to be HSI format or some other proprietary JPEG-based format.  You can tell
what you have by inspecting the first few bytes of the file:

1.  A JFIF-standard file will start with the characters (hex) FF D8 FF E0,
    followed by two variable bytes (often hex 00 10), followed by 'JFIF'.

2.  If you see FF D8 at the start, but not the rest of it, you may have a
    "raw JPEG" file.  This is probably decodable as-is by JFIF software ---
    it's worth a try, anyway.

3.  HSI files start with 'hsi1'.  You're out of luck unless you have HSI
    software.  Portions of the file may look like plain JPEG data, but they
    won't decompress properly with non-HSI programs.

4.  A Macintosh PICT file, if JPEG-compressed, will have a couple hundred
    bytes of header followed by a JFIF header (scan for 'JFIF').  Strip off
    everything before the FF D8 and you should be able to read it.

5.  Anything else: it's a proprietary format, or not JPEG at all.  If you are
    lucky, the file may consist of a header and a raw JPEG data stream.
    If you can identify the start of the JPEG data stream (look for FF D8),
    try stripping off everything before that.

In uuencoded Usenet postings, the characteristic JFIF pattern is

	"begin" line
	M_]C_X ...

whereas uuencoded HSI files will start with

	"begin" line
	M:'-I ...

If you learn to check for the former, you can save yourself the trouble of
downloading non-JFIF files.


[12]  What about arithmetic coding?

The JPEG spec defines two different "back end" modules for the final output
of compressed data: either Huffman coding or arithmetic coding is allowed.
The choice has no impact on image quality, but arithmetic coding usually
produces a smaller compressed file.  On typical images, arithmetic coding
produces a file 5 or 10 percent smaller than Huffman coding.  (All the
file-size numbers previously cited are for Huffman coding.)

Unfortunately, the particular variant of arithmetic coding specified by the
JPEG standard is subject to patents owned by IBM, AT&T, and Mitsubishi.
Thus *you cannot legally use arithmetic coding* unless you obtain licenses
from these companies.  (The "fair use" doctrine allows people to implement
and test the algorithm, but actually storing any images with it is dubious
at best.)

At least in the short run, I recommend that people not worry about
arithmetic coding; the space savings isn't great enough to justify the
potential legal hassles.  In particular, arithmetic coding *should not*
be used for any images to be exchanged on Usenet.

There is some small chance that the legal situation may change in the
future.  Stay tuned for further details.


[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?

It would be nice if, having compressed an image with JPEG, you could
decompress it, manipulate it (crop off a border, say), and recompress it
without any further image degradation beyond what you lost initially.
Unfortunately THIS IS NOT THE CASE.  In general, recompressing an altered
image loses more information, though usually not as much as was lost the
first time around.

The next best thing would be that if you decompress an image and recompress
it *without changing it* then there is no further loss, i.e., you get an
identical JPEG file.  Even this is not true; at least, not with the current
free JPEG software.  It's essentially a problem of accumulation of roundoff
error.  If you repeatedly compress and decompress, the image will eventually
degrade to where you can see visible changes from the first-generation
output.  (It usually takes many such cycles to get visible change.)
One of the things on our to-do list is to see if accumulation of error can
be avoided or limited, but I am not optimistic about it.

In any case, the most that could possibly be guaranteed would be that
compressing the unmodified full-color output of djpeg, at the original
quality setting, would introduce no further loss.  Even such simple changes
as cropping off a border could cause further roundoff-error degradation.
(If you're wondering why, it's because the pixel-block boundaries move.
If you cropped off only multiples of 16 pixels, you might be safe, but
that's a mighty limited capability!)

The bottom line is that JPEG is a useful format for archival storage and
transmission of images, but you don't want to use it as an intermediate
format for sequences of image manipulation steps.  Use a lossless format
(PPM, RLE, TIFF, etc) while working on the image, then JPEG it when you are
ready to file it away.  Aside from avoiding degradation, you will save a lot
of compression/decompression time this way :-).


[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

As stated earlier, you *will* lose some amount of image information if you
convert an existing GIF image to JPEG.  If you can obtain the original
full-color data the GIF was made from, it's far better to make a JPEG from
that.  But if you need to save space and have only the GIF to work from,
here are some suggestions for getting maximum space savings with minimum
loss of quality.

The first rule when converting a GIF library is to look at each JPEG, to
make sure you are happy with it, before throwing away the corresponding GIF;
that will give you a chance to re-do the conversion with a higher quality
setting if necessary.  Some GIFs may be better left as GIFs, as explained in
section 3; in particular, cartoon-type GIFs with sixteen or fewer colors
don't convert well.  You may find that a JPEG file of reasonable quality
will be *larger* than the GIF.  (So check the sizes too.)

Experience to date suggests that large, high-visual-quality GIFs are the best
candidates for conversion to JPEG.  They chew up the most storage so offer
the most potential savings, and they convert to JPEG with least degradation.
Don't waste your time converting any GIF much under 100 Kbytes.  Also, don't
expect JPEG files converted from GIFs to be as small as those created
directly from full-color originals.  To maintain image quality you may have
to let the converted files be as much as twice as big as straight-through
JPEG files would be (i.e., shoot for 1/2 or 1/3rd the size of the GIF file,
not 1/4th as suggested in earlier comparisons).

Many people have developed an odd habit of putting a large constant-color
border around a GIF image.  While useless, this was nearly free in terms of
storage cost in GIF files.  It is NOT free in JPEG files, and the sharp
border boundary can create visible artifacts ("ghost" edges).  Do yourself
a favor and crop off any border before JPEGing.  (If you are on an X Windows
system, XV's manual and automatic cropping functions are a very painless
way to do this.)

cjpeg's default Q setting of 75 is appropriate for full-color input, but
for GIF inputs, Q settings of 85 to 95 often seem to be necessary to avoid
image degradation.  (If you apply smoothing as suggested below, the higher
Q setting may not be necessary.)

Color GIFs of photographs or complex artwork are usually "dithered" to fool
your eye into seeing more than the 256 colors that GIF can actually store.
If you enlarge the image, you will see that adjacent pixels are often of
significantly different colors; at normal size the eye averages these pixels
together to produce the illusion of an intermediate color value.  The
trouble with dithering is that, to JPEG, it looks like high-spatial-frequency
color noise; and JPEG can't compress noise very well.  The resulting JPEG
file is both larger and of lower image quality than what you would have
gotten from JPEGing the original full color image (if you had it).
To get around this, you want to "smooth" the GIF image before compression.
Smoothing averages together nearby pixels, thus approximating the color that
you thought you saw anyway, and in the process getting rid of the rapid
color changes that give JPEG trouble.  Appropriate use of smoothing will
often let you avoid using a high Q factor, thus further reducing the size of
the compressed file, while still obtaining a better-looking output image
than you'd get without smoothing.

With the V4 free JPEG software (or products based on it), a simple smoothing
capability is built in.  Try "-smooth 10" or so when converting GIFs.
Values of 10 to 25 seem to work well for high-quality GIFs.  Heavy-handed
dithering may require larger smoothing factors.  (If you can see regular
fine-scale patterns on the GIF image even without enlargement, then strong
smoothing is definitely called for.)  Too large a smoothing factor will blur
the output image, which you don't want.  If you are an image processing
wizard, you can also do smoothing with a separate filtering program, such as
pnmconvol from the PBMPLUS package.  However, cjpeg's built-in smoother is
a LOT faster than pnmconvol...

The upshot of all this is that "cjpeg -quality 85 -smooth 10" is probably a
good starting point for converting GIFs.  But if you really care about the
image, you'll want to check the results and maybe try a few other settings.


---------------------

For more information about JPEG in general or the free JPEG software in
particular, contact the Independent JPEG Group at jpeg-info@uunet.uu.net.

-- 
			tom lane
			organizer, Independent JPEG Group
Internet: tgl@cs.cmu.edu	BITNET: tgl%cs.cmu.edu@carnegie

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38404
From: uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Well, the temp file thing creates an obvious problem: it is impossible to use
cview for viewing CD-ROM based picture collections. And it is the ONLY non-
windows viewer that works properly with my Cirrus-based 24 bit VGA.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38405
From: uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams)
Subject: Re: CView answers

re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
didrectory?


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38406
From: full_gl@pts.mot.com (Glen Fullmer)
Subject: Needed: Plotting package that does...

Looking for a graphics/CAD/or-whatever package on a X-Unix box that will
take a file with records like:

n  a  b  p

where n = a count  - integer 
      a = entity a - string
      b = entity b - string
      p = type     - string

and produce a networked graph with nodes represented with boxes or circles
and the vertices represented by lines and the width of the line determined by
n.  There would be a different line type for each type of vertice. The boxes
need to be identified with the entity's name.  The number of entities < 1000
and vertices < 100000.  It would be nice if the tool minimized line
cross-overs and did a good job of layout.  ;-)

  I have looked in the FAQ for comp.graphics and gnuplot without success. Any
ideas would be appreciated?

Thanks,
--
Glen Fullmer,          glen_fullmer@pts.mot.com,                  (407)364-3296
*******************************************************************************
*  "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence                 *
*   over public relations, for Nature cannot be fooled." - Richard P. Feynman *
*******************************************************************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38407
From: mscrap@halcyon.com (Marta Lyall)
Subject: Re: Video in/out

Organization: "A World of Information at your Fingertips"
Keywords: 

In article <628@toontown.columbiasc.ncr.com> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson) writes:
>
>I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
>advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
>I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
>What cards should I be looking into?
>
>Thanks,
>Craig
>
>-- 
>                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
>-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
> Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers


Craig,

You should still consider the Targa+. I run windows 3.1 on it all the
time at work and it works fine. I think all you need is the right
driver. 

Josh West  
email: mscrap@halcyon.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38408
Subject: .GL and .FLI specs
From: arthur@qedbbs.com (Arthur Choung)

Can somebody point out to me where I can find the specs for .GL and .FLI files
found on PC's?

------------------------------
arthur@qedbbs.com (Arthur Choung)  or  qed!arthur
The QED BBS -- (310)420-9327

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38409
From: DonH@cup.portal.com (Don - Hirschfeld)
Subject: Re: MS-Windows graphics viewer?

Check out Image Pals v1.2 from U-Lead (until May, special $99 intro price,
310-523-9393). It has the basic image processing tools for all major formats,
does screen grabbing, and allows all your image files to be calalogged into
a thumbnail database. It's great!


Don

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38410
From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: Re: MS-Windows Screen Grabber (summary)


Hi again,

Many thanks to all the people who responded to my request for a MS-
Windows screen grabber.  It proves to me AGAIN that the net is a 
wonderful thing.  :-)

So, in summary:

There are two choices:

1)	Various screen grabber packages (Corel Draw has one, there are
a couple on simtel and cica).

2)	Use the built-in PrintScreen and Alt-PrintScreen functionality
to paste the screen (or window) to the clipboard.  Then paste the 
clipboard to your application.  Cool!

Again, thanks for the info...

Grant (the MS-Windows newbie -- Unix and X are my bag ;-)

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
A woman's place is in the wrong.
		-- James Thurber

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38411
From: tychay@cco.caltech.edu (Terrence Y. Chay)
Subject: TIFF (NeXT Appsoft draw) -> GIF conversion?

Okay all my friends are bitching at me that the map I made in Appsoft Draw
can't be displayed in "xv"... I checked... It's true, at least with version
1.0.  My readers on the NeXT have very little trouble on it (Preview messes
up the .eps, but does fine with the TIFF and ImageViewer0.9a behaves with
flying colors except it doesn't convert worth *&^^% ;-) )

  Please is there any way I can convert this .drw from Appsoft 1.0 on the NeXT
to something more reasonable like .gif?  I have access to a sun4 and NeXTstep
3.0 systems.  any good reliable conversion programs would be helpful... please
email, I'll post responses if anyone wants me to... please email that to.

Yes I used alphachannel... (god i could choke steve jobs right now ;-) )

Yes i know how to archie, but tell me what to archie for ;-)

Also is there a way to convert to .ps plain format? ImageViiewer0.9 turns
out nothing recognizable....

     terrychay

---
small editorial

-rw-r--r--  1 tychay   2908404 Apr 18 08:03 Undernet.tiff
-rw-r--r--  1 tychay     73525 Apr 18 08:03 Undernet.tiff.Z

and not using gzip! is it me or is there something wrong with this format?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38412
From: disser@engin.umich.edu (David Disser)
Subject: 2D bitmap interpolation


Yesterday I wrote a program to do bilinear interpolation ala Numerical
Recipes, with the PBMPLUS libraries.  I'm pretty happy with the results,
but I'm looking for any already-coded non-linear interpolation schemes
before I go ahead an try to write one.  Any pointers?

--

) Dave Disser                 UM-CAEN User Services         Wealth is wasted
) disser@engin.umich.edu      229 Chrysler Center           on the old.
) (313) 763-3067              Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2092

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38413
From: pbenson@ecst.csuchico.edu (Paul A. Benson)
Subject: CD-ROM Indexes available

The file and contents listings for:

Knowledge Media Resource Library: Graphics 1
Knowledge Media Resource Library: Audio 1

are now available for anonymous FTP from cdrom.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38414
From: dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (Dr. Eldon Tyrell)
Subject: Re: So what is the fastest Windows video c

In article <1993Apr17.054600.24917@exu.ericsson.se> ebuhcb@ebu.ericsson.se writes:
>In article 16APR199309101156@trentu.ca, ayounes@trentu.ca (Amro Younes, Trent University, C.C. #314, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 7B8. (705) 749-0391) writes:
>>I have the ATI GRAPHICS ULTRA PRO EISA version.  I must admit it has 
>>received bad press but that was due to the faulty drivers it had.  
>
>PC Magazine seems to be impressed with the ATI card in their most recent
>reviews.  In the April 13th issue they rate the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro
>(EISA version) as their "Editor's Choice".  They noted that the drivers
>had improved since they tested the ISA version in January...
>                                                            ...Cuyler
Yeah - they also gave it their "Editor's Choice" in the run-down of
graphics accelerators they tested in the previous issue, which is why
I bought (and then returned) mine.  The only conclusion I can come up with
is that PC Magazine has wildly different ways on determining the worthiness
of a video card than I do.

-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38415
From: edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
Subject: HELP! Need JPEG / MPEG encod-decode 

I am involve in a Distant Learning project and am in need
of Jpeg and Mpeg encode/decode source and object code.
This is a NOT-FOR PROFIT project that once completed I
hope to release to other educational and institutional
learning centers.
This project requires that TRUE photographic images be sent
over plain telephone lines. In addition if there is a REAL Good
GUI lib with 3D objects and all types of menu classes that can
be use at both end of the transaction (Server and Terminal End)
I would like to hear about it.
 
We recently posted an RFD announcing the OTG (Open Telematic Group)
that will concern itself with the developement of such application
and that it would incorporate NAPLPS, JPEG, MPEG, Voice, IVR, FAX
Sprites, Animation(fli, flc, etc...).
At present only DOS and UNIX environment is being worked on and it
our hope that we can generate enough interest where all the major
platform can be accomodated via a plaform independent API/TOOLKIT/SDK
We are of the mind that it is about time that such project and group
be form to deal with these issues.
We want to setup a repository where these files may be access such as
Simte20 and start putting together a OTG FAQ.
If you have some or any information that in your opinion would be 
of interest to the OTG community and you like to see included in our
first FAQ please send it email to the address below.
 
Thanks in Advance
 
Ed
P.O. box 95901
Atlanta Ga. 30347-0901
(404)985-1198 zyxel 14.4
epimntl@world.std.com 
ed.pimentel@gisatl.fidonet.org


-- 
edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
gatech!kd4nc!vdbsan!willard!edimg
emory!uumind!willard!edimg
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38417
From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>
Subject: scanned grey to color equations?

A while back someone had several equations which could be used for changing 3 f
iltered grey scale images into one true color image.  This is possible because
it's the same theory used by most color scanners.  I am not looking for the obv
ious solution which is to buy a color scanner but what I do need is those equat
ions becasue I am starting to write software which will automate the conversion
 process.  I would really appreciate it if someone would repost the 3 equations
/3 unknowns.   Thanks for the help!!!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38418
From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: POV .TGA's and SpeedStar 24


I finally got a 24 bit viewer for my POVRAY generated .TGA files.

It was written in C by Sean Malloy and he kindly sent me a copy.  He
wrote it for the same purpose, to view .TGA files using his SpeedStar 24.

It ONLY works with the SpeedStar 24 and I cannot send copies since it is
not my program.  I believe the author may release a version at a future
time when the program is more developed.   He may or may not comment on
this, as he pleases.

Thanks to all who were helpful.

Regards,

Jim Nobles


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38420
From: agiacalo@nmsu.edu (Toni Giacalo)
Subject: need algorithm for reading and displaying bitmap files

I'm making a customized paint program in DOS and need an algorithm
for reading bitmap files like GIF, PCX, or BMP.  Does anyone have
such an algorithm?  I've tried copying one out of a book for reading
.PCX format but it doesn't work.  I will take an algorithm for any
format that can be created from Windows Paint.  
Thanks!
Toni

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38421
From: ken@cs.UAlberta.CA (Huisman Kenneth M)
Subject: images of earth

I am looking for some graphic images of earth shot from space. 
( Preferably 24-bit color, but 256 color .gif's will do ).

Anyways, if anyone knows an FTP site where I can find these, I'd greatly
appreciate it if you could pass the information on.  Thanks.


( please send email ).


Ken Huisman

ken@cs.ualberta.ca


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38422
From: watson@madvax.uwa.oz.au (David Watson)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu>, 
bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
 
|> Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
|> center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  

Finding the circumcenter of a tetrahedron is discussed on page 33 in

CONTOURING: A guide to the analysis and display of spatial data,
by Dave Watson, Pergamon Press,  1992, ISBN 0 08 040286 0, 321p.

Each pair of tetrahedral vertices define a plane which is a 
perpendicular bisector of the line between that pair.  Express each
plane in the form Ax + By + Cz = D
and solve the set of simultaneous equations from any three of those
planes that have a vertex in common (all vertices are used).  
The solution is the circumcenter.

-- 
Dave Watson                          Internet: watson@maths.uwa.edu.au
Department of Mathematics            
The University of Western Australia               Tel: (61 9) 380 3359
Nedlands, WA 6009  Australia.                     FAX: (61 9) 380 1028

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38423
From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: PaintProgram Wanted

Excuse the sheer newbieness of this post, but I am looking for a decent
PaintProgram which will save to various file formats (.BMP  .PCX  etc etc)
via ftp, freeware, or shareware.  I would like to check out the available
programs for little $$ before I check out the commercial market.

Thanks in advance for any help or direction you can give me.

Daemon

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38424
From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Subject: VESA as a graphics standard


In the UIBM PC world, how much of a "standard" has VESA become for
SVGA graphics?  I know there are lots of graphics-board companies out 
there, as well as several graphics chips manufacturers- are they adhering to
the VESA standard, and what effect is/will the VESA Local Bus have on all
of this?
Anyone?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38425
From: egerter@gaul.csd.uwo.ca (Barry Egerter)
Subject: Where's DMORF?

	Could anyone direct me to the FTP site where I can find the DOS-based
morphing package called DMORF12.ZIP?  I had downloaded this file last week,
but the new DOS 6 crashed my hard drive and I lost it. Now I can't find the
site where I got it from.......

Also, are there any other morphing packages out for DOS (freeware or shareware)


Thanks in advance,
Barry

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|       \\          //  _______   _______    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca |
|        \\        //  //            |                                      |
|         \\  /\  //  ||   ___       |       Author of WGT graphics         |
|          \\//\\//   ||     \\      |       toolkit for 320*200*256 VGA    |
|           \/  \/ .   \\____// .    |  .    Version 3.5 Now Available      |
|                                          (Turbo/Borland C++ 1.0 or better)|
|JOYSTICK  MOUSE  GRAPHICS PRIMITIVES  NON-BGI POWER  GIF/PCX  DATA STORAGE |
|SPRITES  MULTIWAY SCROLLING GAMES  BITMAP WARPING/RESIZING  SB SUPPORT  FLI|
\___________________________________________________________________________/
-- 

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|       \\          //  _______   _______    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca |
|        \\        //  //            |                                      |

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38426
From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

I plan to post a summary of responses to this as soon as I have working
code, which I will also include.  The intersection of 3 planes method
looks best, but my implementation based on a short article in 
Graphics Gems I doesn't work.  I may be misinterpreting, of course.

I had avoided the simultaneous solution of the plane equations in favor
of dot and cross products, but the former may actually be better.  In either
case a matrix determinant needs to be computed (implicitly in the solution
of linear equations).

To get the planes, I was taking the midpoint of the line from, say,
P1 to P2, and setting the normal as the "normalized" vector from P1 to P2.
These just plugged into the formula in Graphics Gems.  HOwever, the resulting
center point is only occasionally equidistant from all 4 of my test points
(for different tests).  My matrix/vector math is very rusty, but it looks like
I need to verify the formula, or use the simultaneous equation solution, which
will require bringing in another routine I don't have (but should be easy to
find).

Another method is to first find the center of the circle defined by 2 sets
of 3 points, and intersecting the normals from there.  This would also define
the circle center.  However, small numerical imprecisions would make the
lines not intersect.  Supposedly 3 planes HAVE to intersect in a unique
point if they are not parallel.

Ed

Thanks to all who answered so far.
-- 
Ed Bolson
University of Washington  Cardiovascular Research               (206)543-4535
bolson@u.washington.edu (preferred)
bolson@max.bitnet                bolson@milton.u.washington.edu (if you must)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38427
From: steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins)
Subject: Sphere from 4 points

>
>Another method is to first find the center of the circle defined by 2 sets
>of 3 points, and intersecting the normals from there.  This would also define
>the circle center.  However, small numerical imprecisions would make the
>lines not intersect.  Supposedly 3 planes HAVE to intersect in a unique
>point if they are not parallel.
>

Having thought about this, why don't you project the 2 lines onto the 2d
plane formed by the lines.  Do an intersection calculation in the plane in
2D, where you're guaranteed a unique solution (unless they're parallel which
won't happen in this case), and then use parametric distance along the lines
from the circle centres to determine the exact point of interest.  This
bypasses the messy error propogation required to do the calculation in 3d.

Hope I haven't put my foot in it again!

steve
---
-- 
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Steven Collins			| email: steve@crl.hitachi.co.jp |
| Visiting Computer Graphics Researcher	| phone: (0423)-23-1111 	 |
| Hitachi Central Research Lab. Tokyo.	| fax:   (0423)-27-7742		 |

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38428
From: ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com>, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado) writes:
> In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>
> |>
> |> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
> |> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
> |> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
> |> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
> |> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
> |> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
> |> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
> |> dynamic material.
>
>
>    Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
> but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
> claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
> those for c.s.m.a :-) )
>
>    I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had a
> booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
> using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
> quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
> (1.5).

That is in fact the current version (it only came out in December).

>    They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
> nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
> 3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
> wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
> increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps.
>
>    Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
> what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
> could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.
>
>    Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
> a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
> from memory!

My test movie was created at 320*240 resolution, it wasn't being scaled up.
Scaling was a very CPU-intensive operation with the original QuickTime (1.0);
the current version has optimizations for ratios like 4:1 (160*120 -> 320*240),
but even so, I'm prepared to believe that the performance isn't as good as
with playing back an actual 320*240 movie. I haven't done any numerical
measurements for scaled playback.

Lawrence D'Oliveiro                       fone: +64-7-856-2889
Computer Services Dept                     fax: +64-7-838-4066
University of Waikato            electric mail: ldo@waikato.ac.nz
Hamilton, New Zealand    37^ 47' 26" S, 175^ 19' 7" E, GMT+12:00

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38429
From: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu (Ed Stastny)
Subject: Chaos Editions: IDEA (Internation Directory of Electronic Arts)

I've borrowed the 1992-93 version of this book from a friend...holy
moley!  What a wealth of contacts.  Five-hundred pages of information
about electronic artists and organizations around the globe (many have
email addresses).  An up to the minute database of this information is
also available on Minitel (the book's based in France...are there any
Internet=>Minitel gates?).  The book is printed in French and English.
 
To have you or your organization listed in IDEA, just send your
information to:
 
Annick Bureaud
IDEA
57, rue Falguiere
75015 Paris
France
 
It's free to be listed in it, I'm not sure how widely distributed the
book is or how much it costs.  I'm not affiliated with them in any way,
I was just impressed by their collection of organizations and artists.
I highly encourage all involved in electronic media (video, music,
graphics, animation, etc.) to send in your entry and encourage them to
make their database available on Internet.
 
...e

--
Ed Stastny           | OTIS Project, END PROCESS, SOUND News and Arts 
PO BX 241113	     | FTP: sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS)
Omaha, NE 68124-1113 |      141.214.4.135 (projects/otis)
---------------------- EMail: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu, ed@sunsite.unc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38430
From: jhwitten@cs.ruu.nl (Jurriaan Wittenberg)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <1993Apr18.230732.27804@kakwa.ucs.ualberta.ca> ken@cs.UAlberta.CA (Huisman Kenneth M) writes:

>I am looking for some graphic images of earth shot from space. 
>( Preferably 24-bit color, but 256 color .gif's will do ).
>
>Anyways, if anyone knows an FTP site where I can find these, I'd greatly
>appreciate it if you could pass the information on.  Thanks.
>
>
Try FTP-ing at
 pub-info.jpl.nasa.gov  (128.149.6.2) (simple dir-structure)

and  ames.arc.nasa.gov
at /pub/SPACE/GIF and /pub/SPACE/JPEG
sorry only 8 bits gifs and jpegs :-( great piccy's though (try the *x.gif
files they're semi-huge gif89a files)
                           ^^-watch out gif89a dead ahead!!!
Good-luck (good software to be found out-there too)

Jurriaan

JHWITTEN@CS.RUU.NL 
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
|----=|=-<- - - - - - JHWITTEN@CS.RUU.NL- - - - - - - - - - - - ->-=|=----|
|----=|=-<-Jurriaan Wittenberg- - -Department of ComputerScience->-=|=----|
|____/|\_________Utrecht_________________The Netherlands___________/|\____|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38431
From: neideck@nestvx.enet.dec.com (Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <2BD07605.18974@news.service.uci.edu> rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris) writes:
>I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
>the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

Why would it have to be much faster (it probably is) ? Assuming an ARM
is about as efficient as a MIPS R3000 for integer calculations, doing
a Compact-Video-like digital video codec is an easy task. For Software
Motion Pictures (which is a lot like Compact Video, though it predates
it), we get 48 frames/sec. at 320x240 on a DECstation 5000/200. That
machine has a 25 Mhz MIPS R3000. 

		Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz

Distributed Multimedia Group, CEC Karlsruhe          EERP Portfolio Manager
Software Motion Pictures & BERKOM II Project         Multimedia Base Technology
Digital Equipment Corporation
neidecker@nestvx.enet.dec.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38432
From: alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

spworley@netcom.com (Steve Worley) writes:

>bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:

>>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

>>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

>It's not a bad question: I don't have any refs that list this algorithm
>either. But thinking about it a bit, it shouldn't be too hard.

>1) Take three of the points and find the plane they define as well as
>the circle that they lie on (you say you have this algorithm already)

>2) Find the center  of this circle. The line passing through this center
>perpendicular to the plane of the three points passes through the center of
>the sphere.

>3) Repeat with the unused point and two of the original points. This
>gives you two different lines that both pass through the sphere's
>origin. Their interection is the center of the sphere.

>4) the radius is easy to compute, it's just the distance from the center to
>any of the original points.

>I'll leave the math to you, but this is a workable algorithm. :-)

Good I had a bad feeling about this problem because of a special case
with no solution that worried me.

Four coplanar points in the shape of a square have no unique sphere 
that they are on the surface of.
Similarly 4 colinear point have no finite sized sphere that they are on the
surface of.

These algorithms being geometrical designed rather than algebraically design
meet these problems neatly.

When determining which plane the 3 points are on if they are colinear
the algorithm should afil or return infinite R.
When intersecting the two lines there are 2 possibilities
they are the same line  (the 4 points were on a planar circle)
they are different lines but parallel. There is a sphere of in radius.

This last case can be achieved with 3 colinier points and any 4th point
by taking the 4th point and pairs of the first 3 parallel lines will be produced

it can also be achieved by

If all 4 points are coplanar but are not on one circle. 

It seems to me that the algorithm only fails when the 4 points are coplanar.
The algorithm always fails when the points are coplanar.
(4 points being colinear => coplanar)

Testing if the 4th point is coplanar when the plane of the first 3 points
has been found is trivial.


>An alternate method would be to take pairs of points: the plane formed
>by the perpendicular bisector of each line segment pair also contains the
>center of the sphere. Three pairs will form three planes, intersecting
>at a point. This might be easier to implement.

>-Steve
>spworley@netcom.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38433
From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: images of earth

Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
the image subject.	

Rick

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38434
From: sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum)
Subject: Re: CView answers

renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: A very kind soul has mailed me this reply for the bugs in CView.
: Since he isn't in the position to post this himself, he asked me to post
: it for him, but to leave his name out. So here it comes:
: 
: CView has quite a number of bugs.  The one you mention is perhaps the most
:
A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
Thanks!
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38435
From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:

>A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
>am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
>Thanks!
> 

Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
doc, image viewers like xv, etc.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38436
From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1qlobb$p5a@tuegate.tue.nl> renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
[Most info regarding dangers of reading from Floppy disks omitted]
>unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
>program to do this.  On the other hand, when choosing files in the Open Files
>menu, CView insists on doing a few disk reads every time one moves the
>hi-lighter square.  Incredibly annoying when it could do them all at once
>when it gets the directory info.  And really, how much effort does it take to
>sort a directory listing?

In all fairness, how many people do you know personally who read images
from Floppy drives?  I haven't tried it with JPEGs, but I do realize how
agonizingly slow it is with GIF files.  

Nevertheless, it is an important bug that needs to be squashed.  I am
merely pointing out that it was probably overlooked.  While it is serious,
one must keep in mind that it will probably affect at most 5% of the
targeted users of CView.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38437
From: cb@wixer.bga.com (Cyberspace Buddha)
Subject: Re: CView answers

renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
>"current directory".

I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

just my $0.13,
cb
-- 
 Cyberspace Buddha { Why are you looking for more knowledge when you  } /(o\
 cb@wixer.bga.com   \ do not pay attention to what you already know? /  \o)/
 cb@wixer.cactus.org }   "get out of my chair!" -- Hillary to god   { peace...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38438
From: N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu
Subject: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

    Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
forms a rectangular grid.
   Please post your replies to the net so that others may benefit. IMHO, this
is a general interest question.
   Thank you!!!!!!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38439
From: d91-hes@tekn.hj.se (STEFAN HERMANSSON)
Subject: re: Vesa on the Speedstar 24



	Just posting to John Cormack.
I wanted to tell you that there is a "slight" difference between 
Speedstar 24 and Speedstar 24X


						/Stefan

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38440
From: sd345@city.ac.uk (Michael Collier)
Subject: Converting images to HP LaserJet III?

Does anyone know of a good way (standard PC application/PD utility) to
convert tif/img/tga files into LaserJet III format.  We would also like to
do the same, converting to HPGL (HP plotter) files.

Please email any response.

Is this the correct group?

Thanks in advance.  Michael.
-- 
Michael Collier (Programmer)                 The Computer Unit,
Email: M.P.Collier@uk.ac.city                The City University,
Tel: 071 477-8000 x3769                      London,
Fax: 071 477-8565                            EC1V 0HB.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38441
From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: comp.graphics.programmer

Hello netters

Sorry, I don't know if this is the right way of doing this kind of thing,
probably should be a CFV, but since I don't have tha ability to create a 
news group myself, I just want to start the discussion. 

I enjoy reading c.g very much, but I often find it difficult to sort out what
I'm interested in. Everything from screen-drivers, graphics cards, graphics
programming and graphics programs are discused here. What I'd like is a 
comp.graphics.programmer news group.
What do you other think.


Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38442
From: razor@swix.nvg.unit.no (Runar Jordahl)
Subject: Re: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu wrote:
:     Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
: a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
: the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
: forms a rectangular grid.
:    Please post your replies to the net so that others may benefit. IMHO, this
: is a general interest question.
:    Thank you!!!!!!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38443
From: sp1marse@lina (Marco Seirio)
Subject: Surface intersections


I have a problem with intersections between two surfaces.
Does anybody have a easy to understand algorithm for that or maybe
even C source??


      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.s

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38444
From: froument@lifl.lifl.fr (Froumentin Max)
Subject: WANTED: Atomic Energy Res. Establishment (UK) techreport

I'm looking for the following paper:

Marlow, S. and Powell, M.J.D.
A FORTRAN subroutine for plotting the part of a conic that is inside a given
triangle. Rep. R-8336, Atomic Energy Res. Establishment, Harwell, England
1976

Or anything related (including 3D cases)
 Max
--
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Max Froumentin                    |
Laboratoire d'Informatique        |  "Always better, never first."         
Fondamentale de Lille             |         - Tigran Petrossian
France                            |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38445
From: roell@informatik.tu-muenchen.de (Thomas Roell)
Subject: Re: 24 bit Graphics cards

>I am looking for EISA or VESA local bus graphic cards that support at least 
>1024x786x24 resolution.  I know Matrox has one, but it is very
>expensive. All the other cards I know of, that support that
>resoultion, are striaght ISA. 

What about the ELSA WINNER4000 (S3 928, Bt485, 4MB, EISA), or the
Metheus Premier-4VL (S3 928, Bt485, 4MB, ISA/VL) ?

>Also are there any X servers for a unix PC that support 24 bits?

As it just happens, SGCS has a Xserver (X386 1.4) that does
1024x768x24 on those cards. Please email to info@sgcs.com for more
details.

- Thomas
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Das Reh springt hoch, 				e-mail: roell@sgcs.com
das Reh springt weit,				#include <sys/pizza.h>
was soll es tun, es hat ja Zeit ...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38446
From: dwestner@cardhu.mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Dominik Westner)
Subject: need a viewer for gl files

Hi, 

the subject says it all. Is there a PD viewer for gl files (for X)?

Thanks


Dominik



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38447
From: hahm@fossi.hab-weimar.de (peter hahm)
Subject: Radiosity



RADIOSITY SOURCES WANTED !!!
============================

When I read the comp.graphics group, I never found something about 
radiosity. Is there anybody interested in out there? I would be glad 
to hear from somebody.
I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method. I have already
read common literature, e. g.Foley ... . I think little examples could 
help me to understand how radiosity works. Common languages ( C, C++, 
Pascal) prefered.
I hope you will help me!

Yours
Peter 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38448
From: ezzie@lucs2.lancs.ac.uk (One of those daze...)
Subject: Borland turbo C libraries for S3 graphics card

I've recently got hold of a PC with an S3 card in it, and I'd like to do some
C programming with it, are there any libraries out there that will let me
access the high resolution modes available via Borland Turbo C?

	Andy

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38449
From: amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann)
Subject: Re: Radiosity

In article 16598@rz.uni-jena.de, hahm@fossi.hab-weimar.de (peter hahm) writes:
>
>
>RADIOSITY SOURCES WANTED !!!
>============================
>
>When I read the comp.graphics group, I never found something about 
>radiosity. Is there anybody interested in out there? I would be glad 
>to hear from somebody.
>I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method. I have already
>read common literature, e. g.Foley ... . I think little examples could 
>help me to understand how radiosity works. Common languages ( C, C++, 
>Pascal) prefered.
>I hope you will help me!
>
>Yours
>Peter 
>


Peter,  there's a radiosity package ahead. The only problem is: there 
are a few miles to sail ... ;-^

Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
I finished it. 

That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least) 
to finish it. 

In the meantime you may have a look at the file
  Radiosity_code.tar.Z
located at
  compute1.cc.ncsu.edu

(there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)

Hope that'll help.

Yours

Stephan



----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Stephan Amann     SIG Computer Graphics, University of Berne, Switzerland
           amann@iam.unibe.ch
	   Tel +41 31 65 46 79	   Fax +41 31 65 39 65

 Projects: Radiosity, Raytracing, Computer Graphics

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38450
From: chris@zeus.alta-oh.com (Chris Murphy)
Subject: Re: Needed: Plotting package that does...

In article <FULL_GL.93Apr18005752@dolphin.pts.mot.com>, full_gl@pts.mot.com (Glen Fullmer) writes:
|> Looking for a graphics/CAD/or-whatever package on a X-Unix box that will
|> take a file with records like:
|> 
|> n  a  b  p
|> 
|> where n = a count  - integer 
|>       a = entity a - string
|>       b = entity b - string
|>       p = type     - string
|> 
|> and produce a networked graph with nodes represented with boxes or circles
|> and the vertices represented by lines and the width of the line determined by
|> n.  There would be a different line type for each type of vertice. The boxes
|> need to be identified with the entity's name.  The number of entities < 1000
|> and vertices < 100000.  It would be nice if the tool minimized line
|> cross-overs and did a good job of layout.  ;-)
|> 
|>   I have looked in the FAQ for comp.graphics and gnuplot without success. Any
|> ideas would be appreciated?
|> 
|> Thanks,
|> --
|> Glen Fullmer,          glen_fullmer@pts.mot.com,                  (407)364-3296
|> 

Hi,
  See Roger Grywalski's response to :

Re: Help on network visualization

in comp.graphics.visualization.

Amongst other things, it does exactly this!

-- 
Chris Murphy    -   chris@alta-oh.com
(614) 792-2222      Columbus. OH.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38452
From: Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu>
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

First off: Thanks to all who have filled me in on the existence of the
68070. I assumed rashly that the particular number would be reserved for
further enhancements to the Motorola line, rather than meted out to
another company. Ah, well, I guess that's what I get when I assume the
computer industry will operate in a logical manner! ;-)

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>   Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
>but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
>claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
>those for c.s.m.a :-) )
>
>   I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had
a
>booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
>using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the
spot
>quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
>(1.5).

Version 1.5 of Quicktime is, as has been stated, the current version of
the software. The older version is 1.0, and 1.6 is on the horizon in the
not too distant future.

>   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played
back quite
>nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to
25x by
>3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice
that it
>wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then
he
>increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 

Quicktime does a much better job of playing back movies at size than it
does playing back resized movies. Apparently the process of expanding
each frame's image and dithering the resultant bitmap to the appropriate
bit depth is pretty processor-intensive. There are optimizers that work
pretty well for showing movies at double size, but if you drop to 1.9x
size or increase to 2.1x size, performance suffers dramatically.

>   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra
(don't know
>what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the
Quicktime
>could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.

He lied. :-) Quicktime is very CPU dependent. He was probably confused by
the fact that QT is locked to an internal timecode, and will play in the
same amount of time on any machine. However, an LC will drop frames in
order to keep the sound and video synced up.

The Centris and Quadras have similar CPUs and will thus boast similar
performance, though the Quadras will be a bit faster due to marginally
faster clock speeds and somewhat different architecture.

>   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was
having
>a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This
was
>from memory!
>
>   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
>hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
>animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?

I expect that the version of the Quicktime software you saw was 1.0 -- I
was using was 1.5. One of the new codecs in v1.5 allows video at nearly
twice the size and the same frame rate as what version 1.0 could handle.
The Centris 650 I saw was a plain-vanilla, with the exception of the nice
speakers that were playing the sound, and the software was Movie Player,
the QT player Apple includes with the software.

>   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.

No problem -- it still surprises me that Quicktime is able to do the
things it does as well as it can.
========================================================================
Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38453
From: clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <C5q0HK.KoD@hawnews.watson.ibm.com> ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner) writes:

>Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
>of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
>things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
>the image subject.	
>
For those of you who don't need 24 bit, I got a 32 colour Amiga IFF
of a cloudless Earth (scanned). Looks okay when mapped on a sphere.
E-mail me and I'll send it you...

Louis

-- 
I'm hanging on your words, Living on your breath, Feeling with your skin,
Will I always be here?  -- In Your Room [ DM ]


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38454
From: boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert)
Subject: Removing Distortion From Bitmapped Drawings?

Let's say you have a scanned image of a line drawing; in this case a
boat, but it could be anything.  On the drawing you have a set of
reference points whose true x,y positions are known.  

Now you digitize the drawing manually (in this case, using Yaron
Danon's excellent Digitize program).  That is, you use a program which
converts cursor positions to x,y and saves those values when you click
the mouse.

Upon digitizing you notice that the reference point values that come
out of the digitizing process differ in small but significant ways
from the known true values.  This is understandable because the
scanned drawing is a reproduction of the original and there are
successive sources of distortion such as differential expansion and
contraction of paper, errors introduced in the printing process,
scanner errors and what have you.

The errors are not uniform over the entire drawing, so "global"
adjustments such as stretching/contracting uniformly over x or y, or
rotating the whole drawing, are not satisfactory.

So the question is: does any kind soul know of an algorithm for
removing such distortion?  In particular, if I have three sets of
points 

Reference(x,y) (the known true values)

DistortedReference(x,y) (the same points, with known errors)

DistortedData(x,y) (other points, with unknown errors)

what function of Reference and Distorted could I apply to
DistortedData to remove the errors.

I suspect the problem could be solved by treating the distorted
reference points as resulting from the projection of a "bumpy" 3d
surface, solving for the surface and then "flattening" it to remove
the errors in the other data points.

Any kind and informed soul out there have any ideas, or better yet,
pointers to treatments of the same or similar problems?

Thanks,

Earl



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38455
From: havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a)
Subject: HELP!!! GRASP

Hi!

Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
picture formats.

(I've got some animations that I'd like to transfer to my Amiga)
 
I really hope that someone can help me.

Cheers

Haavard Nesse - Trondheim College of Engineering, Trondheim, Norway

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38456
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Re: comp.graphics.programmer

In article <andreasa.157.735211806@dhhalden.no>, andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF) writes:
|>Hello netters
|>
|>Sorry, I don't know if this is the right way of doing this kind of thing,
|>probably should be a CFV, but since I don't have tha ability to create a 
|>news group myself, I just want to start the discussion. 
|>
|>I enjoy reading c.g very much, but I often find it difficult to sort out what
|>I'm interested in. Everything from screen-drivers, graphics cards, graphics
|>programming and graphics programs are discused here. What I'd like is a 
|>comp.graphics.programmer news group.
|>What do you other think.

This sounds wonderful, but it seems no one either wants to spend time doing
this, or they don't have the power to do so.  For example, I would like
to see a comp.graphics architecture like this:

comp.graphics.algorithms.2d
comp.graphics.algorithms.3d
comp.graphics.algorithms.misc
comp.graphics.hardware
comp.graphics.misc
comp.graphics.software/apps

However, that is almost overkill.  Something more like this would probably
make EVERYONE a lot happier:

comp.graphics.programmer
comp.graphics.hardware
comp.graphics.apps
comp.graphics.misc

It would be nice to see specialized groups devote to 2d, 3d, morphing,
raytracing, image processing, interactive graphics, toolkits, languages,
object systems, etc. but these could be posted to a relevant group or
have a mailing list organized.

That way when someone reads news they don't have to see these subject
headings, which are rather disparate:

System specific stuff ( should be under comp.sys or comp.os.???.programmer ):

	"Need help programming GL"
	"ModeX programming information?"
	"Fast sprites on PC"

Hardware technical stuff:

	"Speed of Weitek P9000"
	"Drivers for SpeedStar 24X"

Applications oriented stuff:

	"VistaPro 3.0 help"
	"How good is 3dStudio?"
	"Best image processing program for Amiga"

Programming oriented stuff:

	"Fast polygon routine needed"
	"Good morphing alogirhtm wanted"
	"Best depth sort for triangles?"
	"Which C++ library to get?"

I wish someone with the power would get a CFD and then a CFV going on
this stuff....this newsgroup needs it.

Brian

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38457
From: sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum)
Subject: Re: CView answers

bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
: In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:
: 
: >A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
: >am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
: >Thanks!
: > 
: 
: Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
: any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
: so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
: graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
: X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
: doc, image viewers like xv, etc.
:
Ummm, I beg to differ. A kind soul sent me a program called DPG-VIEW that
will do exactly what I want, view GIF images under Linux without X-Windows.
And, it does support all the way up to 1024x768. The biggest complaint I
have is it is painfully SLOW. It takes about 1 minute to display an image.
I am use to CSHOW under DOS which takes a split second. Any idea why it
is so slow under Linux? Anybody have anything better? Plus, anybody have
the docs to DPG-View? Thanks!
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38458
From: N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu
Subject: Re: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

In article <1993Apr19.101747.22169@ugle.unit.no>
razor@swix.nvg.unit.no (Runar Jordahl) writes:
>
>N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu wrote:
>:     Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
>: a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
>: the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
>: forms a rectangular grid.
>: is a general interest question.
>:    Thank you!!!!!!
 
      I'm afraid your reply didn't get thru. I do appreciate you trying to
reply, however. Please try again.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38459
From: rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog

In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
|> 				Nishantha
I think you are too optimistic! PostScript is a very big language and
so the fig format can not be able to be an interpreter of ANY arbitrary
ps code. The only program I know to manipulate PostScript files is
IslandDraw.
I for myself use xfig and include the PostScript files (converted to
epsi format). Small changes then are possible (erasing some letters,
adding text and so on).
Reinhard

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38460
From: arp@cooper!osd (Andrew Pinkowitz)
Subject: SIGGRAPH -- Conference on Understanding Images

======================================================================
             NYC ACM/SIGGRAPH: UNDERSTANDING IMAGES
======================================================================

  SUBJECT:

    Pace University/SIGGRAPH Conference on UNDERSTANDING IMAGES
    ===========================================================

    The purpose of this conference is to bring together a breadth of
    disciplines, including the physical, biological and computational
    sciences, technology, art, psychology, philosophy, and education,
    in order to define and discuss the issues essential to image
    understanding within the computer graphics context.

    FEATURED TOPICS INCLUDE:

                Psychology/Perception
                Image Analysis
                Design
                Text
                Sound
                Philosophy

     DATE:  Friday & Saturday, 21-22 May 1993

     TIME:  9:00 am - 6:00 pm

    PLACE:  The Pace Downtown Theater
            One Pace Plaza
                (on Spruce Street between Park Row & Gold Street)
            NY, NY 10038

     FEES:

        PRE-REGISTRATION (Prior to 1 May 1993):
            Members         $55.00
            Non-Members     $75.00
            Students        $40.00 (Proof of F/T Status Required)

        REGISTRATION (After 1 May 1993 or On-Site):
            All Attendees   $95.00

        (Registration Fee Includes Brakfast, Breaks & Lunch)


    SEND REGISTRATION INFORMATION & FEES TO:

        Dr. Francis T. Marchese
        Computer Science Department
        NYC/ACM SIGGRAPH Conference
        Pace University
        1 Pace Plaza (Room T-1704)
        New York NY 10036

        voice: (212) 346-1803   fax: (212) 346-1933
        email: MARCHESF@PACEVM.bitnet

======================================================================
REGISTRATION INFORMATION:

Name _________________________________________________________________

Title ________________________________________________________________

Company ______________________________________________________________

Street Address _______________________________________________________

City ________________________________State____________Zip_____________

Day Phone (___) ___-____    Evening Phone (___) ___-____

FAX Phone (___) ___-____    Email_____________________________________
======================================================================

DETAILED DESCRIPTION:
=====================

    Artists, designers, scientists, engineers and educators share the
    problem of moving information from one mind to another.
    Traditionally, they have used pictures, words, demonstrations,
    music and dance to communicate imagery.  However, expressing
    complex notions such as God and infinity or a seemingly well
    defined concept such as a flower can present challenges which far
    exceed their technical skills.

    The explosive use of computers as visualization and expression
    tools has compounded this problem.  In hypermedia, multimedia and
    virtual reality systems vast amounts of information confront the
    observer or participant.  Wading through a multitude of
    simultaneous images and sounds in possibly unfamiliar
    representions, a confounded user asks: "What does it all mean?"

    Since image construction, transmission, reception, decipherment and
    ultimate understanding are complex tasks, strongly influenced by
    physiology, education and culture; and, since electronic media
    radically amplify each processing step, then we, as electronic
    communicators, must determine the fundamental paradigms for
    composing imagery for understanding.

    Therefore, the purpose of this conference is to bring together a
    breadth of disciplines, including, but not limited to, the
    physical, biological and computational sciences, technology, art,
    psychology, philosophy, and education, in order to define and
    discuss the issues essential to image understanding within the
    computer graphics context.


    FEATURED SPEAKERS INCLUDE:

        Psychology/Perception:
            Marc De May, University of Ghent
            Beverly J. Jones, University of Oregon
            Barbara Tversky, Standfor University
            Michael J. Shiffer, MIT
            Tom Hubbard, Ohio State University
        Image Analysis:
            A. Ravishankar Rao, IBM Watson Research Center
            Nalini Bhusan, Smith College
            Xiaopin Hu, University of Illinois
            Narenda Ahuja, University of Illinois
            Les M. Sztander, University of Toledo
        Design:
            Mark Bajuk, University of Illinois
            Alyce Kaprow, MIT
        Text:
            Xia Lin, Pace University
            John Loustau, Hunter College
            Jong-Ding Wang, Hunter College
            Judson Rosebush, Judson Rosebush Co.
        Sound:
            Matthew Witten, University of Texas
            Robert Wyatt, Center for High Performance Computing
            Robert S. Williams, Pace University
            Rory Stuart, NYNEX
        Philosophy
            Michael Heim, Education Foundation of DPMA

======================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38461
From: sgoldste@aludra.usc.edu (Fogbound Child)
Subject: Re: "Fake" virtual reality

Mike_Peredo@mindlink.bc.ca (Mike Peredo) writes:

>The most ridiculous example of VR-exploitation I've seen so far is the
>"Virtual Reality Clothing Company" which recently opened up in Vancouver. As
>far as I can tell it's just another "chic" clothes spot. Although it would be
>interesting if they were selling "virtual clothing"....

>E-mail me if you want me to dig up their phone # and you can probably get
>some promotional lit.

I understand there have been a couple of raves in LA billing themselves as
"Virtual Reality" parties. What I hear they do is project .GIF images around
on the walls, as well as run animations through a Newtek Toaster.

Seems like we need to adopt the term Really Virtual Reality or something, except
for the non-immersive stuff which is Virtually Really Virtual Reality.


etc.



>MP
>(8^)-

___Samuel___
-- 
_________Pratice Safe .Signature! Prevent Dangerous Signature Virii!_______
Guildenstern: Our names shouted in a certain dawn ... a message ... a
              summons ... There must have been a moment, at the beginning,
              where we could have said -- no. But somehow we missed it.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38462
From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Removing Distortion From Bitmapped Drawings?

In article <1993Apr19.141034.24731@sctc.com> boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert) writes:
>Let's say you have a scanned image of a line drawing; in this case a
>boat, but it could be anything.  On the drawing you have a set of
>reference points whose true x,y positions are known.  
>
>Now you digitize the drawing manually (in this case, using Yaron
>Danon's excellent Digitize program).  That is, you use a program which
>converts cursor positions to x,y and saves those values when you click
>the mouse.
>
>Upon digitizing you notice that the reference point values that come
>out of the digitizing process differ in small but significant ways
>from the known true values.  This is understandable because the
>scanned drawing is a reproduction of the original and there are
>successive sources of distortion such as differential expansion and
>contraction of paper, errors introduced in the printing process,
>scanner errors and what have you.
>
>The errors are not uniform over the entire drawing, so "global"
>adjustments such as stretching/contracting uniformly over x or y, or
>rotating the whole drawing, are not satisfactory.
>
>So the question is: does any kind soul know of an algorithm for
>removing such distortion?  In particular, if I have three sets of
>points 
>
>Reference(x,y) (the known true values)
>
>DistortedReference(x,y) (the same points, with known errors)
>
>DistortedData(x,y) (other points, with unknown errors)
>
>what function of Reference and Distorted could I apply to
>DistortedData to remove the errors.
>
>I suspect the problem could be solved by treating the distorted
>reference points as resulting from the projection of a "bumpy" 3d
>surface, solving for the surface and then "flattening" it to remove
>the errors in the other data points.

It helps to have some idea of the source of the distortion - or at least
a reasonable model of the class of distortion.  Below is a very short
description of the process which we use; if you have further questions,
feel free to poke me via e-mail.

================================================================
*ASSUME: locally smooth distortion

0) Compute the Delaunay Triangulation of your (x,y) points.  This
   defines the set of neighbors for each point.  If your data are
   not naturally convex, you may have very long edges on the convex hull.
   Consider deleting these edges.

1) Now, there are two goals:

    a) move the DistortedData(x,y) to the Reference(x,y)
    b) keep the Length(e) (as measured from the current (x,y)'s)
       as close as possible to the DigitizedLength(e) (as measured 
       using the digitized (x,y)'s).

2) For every point, compute a displacement based on a) and b).  For
   example:

    a) For (x,y) points for which you know the Reference(x,y), you
       can move alpha0*(Reference(x,y) - Current(x,y)).   This will
       slowly move the DistortedReference(x,y) towards the
       Reference(x,y). 
    b) For all other points, examine the current length of each edge.
       For each edge, compute a displacement which would make that edge
       the correct length (where "correct" is the DigitizedLength). 
       Take the vector sum of these edge displacements, and move the
       point alpha1*SumOfEdgeDisplacements.  This will keep the
       triangulated mesh consistent with your Digitized mesh.

3) Iterate 2) until you are happy (for example, no point moves very much).

alpha0 and alpha1 need to be determined by experimentation.   Consider
how much you believe the Reference(x,y) - i.e., do you absolutely insist
on the final points exactly matching the References, or do you want to
balance some error in matching the Reference against changes in length
of the edges.

WARNING: there are a couple of geometric invariants which must be
observed (essentially, you can't allow the convex hull to change, and
you can't allow triangles to "fold over" neighboring triangles.  Both of
these can be handled either by special case checks on the motion of
individual points, or by periodically re-triangulating the points (using 
the current positions - but still calculating DigitizedLength from the
original positions.  When we first did this, the triangulation time was
prohibitive, so we only did it once.  If I were motivated to try and
change code that has been working in production mode for 5 years, I
*might* go back and re-triangulate on every iteration.  If you have more
compute power than you know what to do with, you might consider having
every point interact with every other point....but first read up on
linear solutions to the n-body problem.

There are lots of papers in the last 10 years of SIGGRAPH proceedings on
springs, constraints,  and energy calculations which are relevant.  The
above method is described, in more or less detail in:

@inproceedings{Sloan86,
author="Sloan, Jr., Kenneth R. and David Meyers and Christine A.~Curcio",
title="Reconstruction and Display of the Retina",
booktitle="Proceedings: Graphics Interface '86 Vision Interface '86",
address="Vancouver, Canada",
pages="385--389",
month="May",
year=1986  }

@techreport{Curcio87b,
author="Christine A.~Curcio and Kenneth R.~Sloan and David Meyers",
title="Computer Methods for Sampling, Reconstruction, Display, and
Analysis of Retinal Whole Mounts",
number="TR 87-12-03",
institution="Department of Computer Science, University of Washington",
address="Seattle, WA",
month="December",
year=1987  }

@article{Curcio89,
author="Christine A.~Curcio and Kenneth R.~Sloan and David Meyers",
title="Computer Methods for Sampling, Reconstruction, Display, and
Analysis of Retinal Whole Mounts",
journal="Vision Research",
volume=29,
number=5,
pages="529--540",
year=1989  }
 

-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38463
From: rws@cs.arizona.edu (Ronald W. Schmidt)
Subject: outlining of spline surface


	About a year ago I started work on a problem that appeared to
be very simple and turned out to be quite difficult.  I am wondering if
anyone on the net has seen this problem and (hopefully) some published 
solutions to it.

	The problem is to draw an outline of a surface defined by two
roughly parallel cubic splines.  For inputs the problem essentially
starts with two sets of points where each set of points is on the 
edge of an object which we treat as two dimensional, i.e. only extant
between the edges, but which exists in three dimensional space.  To draw 
the object we 

1) fit a cubic spline through the points.  Each spline is effectively
	computed as a sequence of line segments approximating the
        curve.  Each spline has an equal number of segments.  We assume
	that the nth segment along each spline is roughly, but not
	exactly, the same distance along each spline by any reasonable
	measure.
2) Take each segment (n) along each spline and match it to the nth segment
	of the opposing spline.  Use the pair of segments to form two
	triangles which will be filled in to color the surface.
3) Depth sort the triangles
4) Take each triangle in sorted order, project onto a 2D pixmap, draw
	and color the triangle.  Take the edge of the triangle that is
	along the edge of the surface and draw a line along that edge
	colored with a special "edge color"

	It is the edge coloring in step 4 that is at the heart of the
problem.  The idea is to effectively outline the edge of the surface.
The net result however generally has lots of breaks and gaps in
the edge of the surface.  The reasons for this are fairly complicated.
They involve both rasterization problems and problems resulting
from the projecting the splines.  If anything about this problem
sounds familiar we would appreciate knowing about other work in this
area.

-Thanks

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38464
From: sp1marse@kristin (Marco Seirio)
Subject: Flat globe


Does anybody have an algorithm for "flattening" out a globe, or any other
parametric surface, that is definied parametrically. 
That is, I would like to take a sheet of paper and a knife and to be
able to calculate how I must cut in the paper so I can fold it to a
globe (or any other object).


      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.se

 

 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38465
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr19.144533.6779@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:
>In <C5q0HK.KoD@hawnews.watson.ibm.com> ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner) writes:
>
>>Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
>>of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
>>things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
>>the image subject.	
>>
>For those of you who don't need 24 bit, I got a 32 colour Amiga IFF
>of a cloudless Earth (scanned). Looks okay when mapped on a sphere.
>E-mail me and I'll send it you...

Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38466
From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Newsgroup Split

Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
Just curious.


Daemon


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38467
From: thinman@netcom.com (Technically Sweet)
Subject: Re: Surface intersections

sp1marse@lina (Marco Seirio) writes:

>I have a problem with intersections between two surfaces.
>Does anybody have a easy to understand algorithm for that or maybe
>even C source??


>      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.s

You also have a severe problem with news headers.

FTP to cs.purdue.edu:pub/vanecek and pull proxima.tar.Z
and proxima.ps.Z.  Tres spif.

-- 

Lance Norskog
thinman@netcom.com
Data is not information is not knowledge is not wisdom.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38468
From: ARowatt@massey.ac.nz (A.J. Rowatt)
Subject: Page flipping in VGA 320x200x256 mode.

Help!
How do you write to the second bank/page of memory when in VGA
320x200x256 colour mode?. ie: to perform page flipping animation
and buffering of the screen.
     I have tried using the Map Mask Registers, but this does not
perform the required task (Although it does do something).

Note: It *must* be able to work on a standard VGA (ie: not
necessarily a SVGA card).

Many thanx in advance...
Andrew

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38469
From: sasst11+@pitt.edu (Scott A Snowiss)
Subject: IMAGINE

Hello again netters,
	I finally received the information about Imagine for the PC.  They are presently shipping Version 2.0 of the software and will release Version 3.0 in the first quarter of 1993 (or so they say).  The upgrade from 2.0 to 3.0 is $100.00.  To purchase Imagine 2.0, it costs $495.00 or if you are upgrading from another eligible (call them for info) modeler, it is only $200.00 plus shipping & handling.   It requires a PC with 4 Megs a Math Coprocessor, and Dos 5.0 or up and a Microsoft Mouse and SVGA card.
	Thanks for all your replies about the product.  I have received many contrasting replies, but once I scrounge the money together, I think I will take the plunge.  Thanks again.
	Here is the info for Impulse if you want to find out more or get the sheet they sent.
	Impulse Inc.
	8416 Xerxes Avenue North
	Minneapolis, MN 55444
	1-800-328-0184

Thanks again for all your replies.
Scott
-- 
Scott Snowiss
sasst11+@.pitt.edu

--Turn on...Jack in...Jack out...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38470
From: dave.mikelson@almac.co.uk (Dave Mikelson) 
Subject: Re: PCX

To: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca

JW> 1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
JW> to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?

JW> 2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
JW> so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
JW> 800x600x256

JW> 3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?

Here are some that I have that are very good:

  Graphics File Formats, Kay and Levine, ISBN 0-8306-3059-7
  Supercharged Bitmapped Graphics, Rimmer, ISBN 0-8306-3788-5
  Programmer's Guide to the EGA and VGA Cards, Ferraro,
     ISBN 0-201-57025-4 (has a whole chapter on Paradise SVGA)

Dave
---
 . DeLuxe./386 1.12 #8993 . 
                                                                                       

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38471
From: 235wardell@gw.wmich.edu
Subject: VGA Passthrough Cables!


	Does anyone know the phone number to a place where i can get
a VGA passthrough?

	I want to hook up my VGA card to my XGA card (whcih you can can).
All I need is the cable that connects them.  It is the same type of
cable that you would connect from your VGA card to say a Video Blaster
or something.

	Thanks.
						-Brad




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38472
From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: detecting double points in bezier curves

I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.

An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,

Ferdinand.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38473
From: apd2c@Virginia.EDU ("Andrew Paul Dickens")
Subject: Re: computer graphics to vcr?


	Getting an image from a computer monitor to a videotape
is harder than it looks.  The standard VGA and EGA outputs are 
very different than the NTSC format used by televisions.  While
there is equipment that will do the conversion, it is hard to
get your hands on and costs quite a bit.

	If you have access to an Amiga computer, that has an
NTSC output, you can transfer certain types of graphic files by
modem and tape them from the NTSC output.  Unfortunately, this
would be frame-by-frame and would lead to unbelievably scratchy
animation unless you had a good Amiga animation program.

	Otherwise, see if your local public access cable
station has equipment that you can use.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38474
From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|> doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|> this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|> different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|> a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|> for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|> Just curious.
|> 
|> 
|> Daemon
|> 

   I agree with you.

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38475
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Ellipse Again


Hi! Everyone,

Because no one has touched the problem I posted last week, I guess
my question was not so clear. Now I'd like to describe it in detail:

The offset of an ellipse is the locus of the center of a circle which
rolls on the ellipse. In other words, the distance between the ellipse
and its offset is same everywhere.

This problem comes from the geometric measurement when a probe is used.
The tip of the probe is a ball and the computer just outputs the
positions of the ball's center. Is the offset of an ellipse still
an ellipse? The answer is no! Ironically, DMIS - an American Indutrial
Standard says it is ellipse. So almost all the software which was
implemented on the base of DMIS was wrong. The software was also sold
internationaly. Imagine, how many people have or will suffer from this bug!!!
How many qualified parts with ellipse were/will be discarded? And most
importantly, how many defective parts with ellipse are/will be used?

I was employed as a consultant by a company in Los Angeles last year
to specially solve this problem. I spent two months on analysis of this
problem and six months on programming. Now my solution (nonlinear)
is not ideal because I can only reconstruct an ellipse from its entire
or half offset. It is very difficult to find the original ellipse from
a quarter or a segment of its offset because the method I used is not
analytical. I am now wondering if I didn't touch the base and make things
complicated. Please give me a hint.

I know you may argue this is not a CG problem. You are right, it is not.
However, so many people involved in the problem "sphere from 4 poits".
Why not an ellipse? And why not its offset?

Please post here and let the others share our interests 
(I got several emails from our netters, they said they need the
summary of the answers).

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38476
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split


In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|> doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|> this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|> different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|> a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|> for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|> Just curious.
|> 
|> 
|> Daemon
|> 

I agree with you. Of cause I'll try to be a daemon :-)

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38477
From: jmuller@ic.sunysb.edu (John S Muller)
Subject: WAYNE RIGBY


Sorry to clog up the news group with this message.

Wayne Rigby, I have the info you requested, but for some
reason I can not mail it to you.  Please contact me!
Send email address.
j
-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"No Real Programmer can function without caffeine" - Zen + Art of Internet

     _/_/_/_/_/  _/_/_/_/_/  _/_/  _/_/        John S. Muller
        _/      _/          _/  _/  _/         muller@diego.llnl.gov
       _/      _/_/_/_/_/  _/  _/  _/          muller@sisal.llnl.gov
 _/   _/              _/  _/      _/           jmuller@libserv1.ic.sunysb.edu 
 _/_/_/      _/_/_/_/_/  _/      _/            

"You are not drunk until you have to grab the grass,
 to keep the grass from falling off the earth" - Some Stupid Comedian
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38478
From: rknight@stiatl.salestech.com (Ray Knight)
Subject: Re: CView answers

uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams) writes:

>re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
>Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
>CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
>the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
>didrectory?


  Actually the most flexible way to create temp files is to check for a TEMP or
TMP environment variable and create the files on the drive and directory pointedto by the variable.  This is pretty much a standard for DOS, Windows and OS/2
applications.


-- 
What I have to say is my own opinion and has no bearing on any other person or
organization including my employer.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
rknight@salestech.com        (404) 841-5316           Sales Technologies, Inc.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38479
From: ani@ms.uky.edu (Aniruddha B. Deglurkar)
Subject: help: Splitting a trimming region along a mesh 



	Hi,

	I have a problem, I hope some of the 'gurus' can help me solve.

	Background of the problem:
	I have a rectangular mesh in the uv domain, i.e  the mesh is a 
	mapping of a 3d Bezier patch into 2d. The area in this domain
	which is inside a trimming loop had to be rendered. The trimming
	loop is a set of 2d Bezier curve segments.
	For the sake of notation: the mesh is made up of cells.

	My problem is this :
	The trimming area has to be split up into individual smaller
	cells bounded by the trimming curve segments. If a cell
	is wholly inside the area...then it is output as a whole ,
	else it is trivially rejected. 

	Does any body know how thiss can be done, or is there any algo. 
	somewhere for doing this.

	Any help would be appreciated.

	Thanks, 
	Ani.
-- 
To get irritated is human, to stay cool, divine.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38480
From: jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl>, ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck) writes:
|> I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
|> point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
|> 
|> An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,

There was a very useful article in one of the 1989 issues of
Transactions On Graphics. I believe Maureen Stone was one of
the authors. Sorry not to be more specific. I don't have the
reference here with me.

The article actually was more general than this, giving a way to decide
whether a given (cubic) Bezier curve contains cusps, intersection points
or whatever wierdness. The same treatment is also available in SIGGRAPH 89
course notes for the course called "Math for Siggraph" or something like
that.

-- 
	dr memory
	jbulf@kpc.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38481
Subject: Re: Video in/out
From: djlewis@ualr.edu

In article <1993Apr18.080719.4773@nwnexus.WA.COM>, mscrap@halcyon.com (Marta Lyall) writes:
> Organization: "A World of Information at your Fingertips"
> Keywords: 
> 
> In article <628@toontown.columbiasc.ncr.com> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson) writes:
>>
>>I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
>>advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
>>I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
>>What cards should I be looking into?
>>
>>Thanks,
>>Craig
>>
>>-- 
>>                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
>>-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
>> Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
>> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers
> 
> 
> Craig,
> 
> You should still consider the Targa+. I run windows 3.1 on it all the
> time at work and it works fine. I think all you need is the right
> driver. 
> 
> Josh West  
> email: mscrap@halcyon.com
> 
AT&T also puts out two new products for windows, Model numbers elude me now,
a 15 bit video board with framegrabber and a 16bit with same. Yesterday I
was looking at a product at a local Software ETC store. Media Vision makes
a 15bit (32,768 color) frame capture board that is stand alone and doesnot
use the feature connector on your existing video card. It claims upto 30 fps
live capture as well as single frame from either composite NTSC or s-video
in and out.

Don Lewis
<djlewis@ualr.edu>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38482
From: eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler)
Subject: stand alone editing suite.

I need some help.  We are upgrading our animation/video editing stand. We
are looking into the different type of setups for A/B roll and a cuts only
station.  We would like this to be controlled by a computer ( brand doesnt matter but maybe MAC, or AMIGA).  Low end to high end system setups would be very
helpful. If you have a system or use a system that might be of use, could you
mail me your system requirements, what it is used for, and all the hardware and
software that will be necessary to set the system up.  If you need more 
info, you  can mail me at   eylerken@u.washington.edu

thanks in advance.

:ken
:eylerken@u.washington.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38483
From: CBW790S@vma.smsu.edu.Ext (Corey Webb)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

In article <1993Apr19.160944.20236W@baron.edb.tih.no>
havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a) writes:
>
>Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
>of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
>picture formats.
>
 
     If you have the GRASP animation system, then yes, it's quite easy.
You simply use GLIB to extract the image (each "frame" in a .GL is
actually a complete .PCX or .CLP file), then use one of MANY available
utilities to convert it.  If you don't have the GRASP package, I'm afraid
I can't help you.  Sorry.
     By the way, before you ask, GRASP (GRaphics Animation System for
Professionals) is a commercial product that sells for just over US$300
from most mail-order companies I've seen.  And no, I don't have it.  :)
 
 
                                               Corey Webb
 
 
    ____________________________________________________________________
   |        Corey Webb       | "For in much wisdom is much grief, and   |
   |   cbw790s@vma.smsu.edu  |  he that increaseth knowledge increaseth |
   |  Bitnet: CBW790S@SMSVMA |  sorrow."           -- Ecclesiastes 1:18 |
   |-------------------------|------------------------------------------|
   | The "S" means I am only |    "But first, are you experienced?"     |
   | speaking for myself.    |                  -- Jimi Hendrix         |
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38484
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <1993Apr17.092051.19814@kth.se> d88-jwa@hemul.nada.kth.se (Jon Wtte) writes:
>In <Z2442B4w164w@cellar.org> tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>
>>> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>>> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>>> 
>>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I think APDA has something called MacWireFrame which is a full
>wire-frame (and supposedly hidden-line removal) library.
>I think it weighs in at $99 (but I've been wrong on an order
>of magnitude before)
>

 I spoke with the author of MacWireFrame earlier today. The cost is $299, but there
 are no license royalties. His name is Eric Johnson in Sacramento, CA phone
 916/737-1550. He doesn't have email. Very nice guy... very knowledgeable about
 graphics. Seems like he may have a decent package. It's an Object Pascal Framework
 that supposedly has a fairly complete set of geometry creation classes. 
 I'm going to check it out and see if it's got what I need for my CAD package.

 I also found another package: 3D Graphic Tools by Micro System Options in Seattle.
 The number is: 206/868-5418, also no email. The package is strong at ray tracing,
 I'm not too sure about its geometry creation tools. I also need to look into this
 package some more. I also spoke with the author, Mark Owens, another nice
 guy that seems to know his business. The price is $249, no royalties.

BobC



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38485
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <1qnm6fINN8tr@tamsun.tamu.edu> brentb@tamsun.tamu.edu (Brent) writes:
>tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>>rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>>
>>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>>
>>It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
>>everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
>>hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
>>he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.
>
>I think he wanted to avoid reinventing the wheel.

 Yes, I want to concentrate on other development issues - I've created graphics
 libraries before, it's too time consuming... life's too short!

>>	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
>>can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
>>find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
>>choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
>>fast.
>
>Just to clarify, the 3D routines that are mentioned in various places
>on the mac are in a libray, not the ROM of the mac.  A few years ago before
>I knew anything about implementing graphics, I came across a demo of the
>Apple GrafSys3D library and it actually did a lot.  However, it is quite
>limited in the sense that it's a low-level 3D library; your code still has
>to plot individual points, draw each line, etc ad nauseum.  It has nothing
>on GL, for example, where you can handle objects.

 Thanks for the clarification... Before posting my original request I had looked
 into the Mac's 3D capabilities and dismissed them as low grade.

BobC


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38486
From: jejones@microware.com (James Jones)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
>Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
>
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

Don't get too excited; Signetics, not Motorola, gave the 68070 its number.
The 68070, if I understand rightly, uses the 68000 instruction set, and has
an on-chip serial port and DMA.  (It will run at up to 15 MHz--I'm typing
at a computer using a 68070 running at that rate, so I know that it can
do so--so I seriously doubt the clock rate that ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com
claims.)

	James Jones

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38487
From: stjohn@math1.kaist.ac.kr (Ryou Seong Joon)
Subject: WANTED: Multi-page GIF!!

Hi!... 

I am searching for packages that could handle Multi-page GIF
files...    

Are there any on some ftp servers?

I'll appreciate one which works on PC (either on DOS or Windows 3.0/3.1).
But any package works on Unix will be OK..

Thanks in advance...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38488
From: eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu (John Peter Kondis)
Subject: Physics lab LOSES a number!!!!

Please , I need the starting address (pointer) for the beginning 
of the color information (RGB) on VGA mode 68h (that's 68 hex, gee, 
duh!)...

Thanks SOOOO much (hugs and kisses) in advance.....

.....John (at UCI)
e-mail--->  eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38489
From: "james kewageshig" <james.kewageshig@canrem.com>
Subject: articles on flocking?

HI All,
Can someone point me towards some articles on 'boids' or
flocking algorithms... ?

Also, articles on particle animation formulas would be nice...
 ________________________________________________________________________
|0 ___ ___  ____  ____  ____                                            0|\
|   \ \//    ||    ||    ||                James Kewageshig              |\|
|   _\//_   _||_  _||_  _||_      UUCP: james.kewageshig@canrem.com      |\|
|   N E T W O R K    V I I I    FIDONET:   James Kewageshig - 1:229/15   |\|
|0______________________________________________________________________0|\|
 \________________________________________________________________________\|
---
  DeLuxe 1.25 #8086  Head of Co*& XV$# Hi This is a signature virus. Co
--
Canada Remote Systems - Toronto, Ontario
416-629-7000/629-7044

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38490
Subject: XV under MS-DOS ?!?
From: NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch

Hi ... Recently I found XV for MS-DOS in a subdirectory of GNU-CC (GNUISH). I 
use frequently XV on a Sun Spark Station 1 and I never had problems, but when I
start it on my computer with -h option, it display the help menu and when I
start it with a GIF-File my Hard disk turns 2 or 3 seconds and the prompt come
back.

My computer is a little 386/25 with copro, 4 Mega rams, Tseng 4000 (1M) running
MS-DOS 5.0 with HIMEM.SYS and no EMM386.SYS. I had the GO32.EXE too... but no
driver who run with it.

Do somenone know the solution to run XV ??? any help would be apprecied..
		
	Thanx in advance !!!! 
             
-- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------
*								    *
*  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *
*  Ecole d'ingnieur ETS	|	(Not Available at this time)*
*  2400 Le LOCLE		|				    *
*  Suisse 							    *
*		     !!!! Enjoy COMPUTER !!!!			    *
*								    *
---------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38491
From: g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)
Subject: Need polygon splitting algo...


The idea is to clip one polygon using another polygon (not
necessarily rectangular) as a window.  My problem then is in
finding out all the new vertices of the resulting "subpolygons"
from the first one.  Is this simply a matter of extending the
usual algorithm whereby each of the edges of one polygon is checked
against another polygon???  Is there a simpler way??

Comments welcome.

Noel.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38492
From: myless@vaxc.cc.monash.edu.au (Myles Strous)
Subject: J.C.Jensen's bitmap code

Greetings all.
	According to a FAQ I read, on 30 July 1992, Joshua C. Jensen posted an 
article on bitmap manipulation (specifically, scaling and perspective) to the 
newsgroup rec.games.programmer. (article 7716)
	The article included source code in Turbo Pascal with inline assembly 
language.

	I have been unable to find an archive for this newsgroup, or a current 
email address for Joshua C. Jensen.
	If anyone has the above details, or a copy of the code, could they 
please let me know.	Many thanks.
					Yours gratefully, etc.  Myles.

-- 
Myles Strous	|	Email: myles.strous@lib.monash.edu.au
raytracing fan	|	Phone: +61.51.226536
"Got the same urgent grasp of reality as a cardboard cut-out. Proud to have him 
on the team." Archchancellor Mustrum Ridcully, in Reaper Man by Terry Pratchett

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38493
From: markus@octavia.anu.edu.au (Markus Buchhorn)
Subject: Re: HDF readers/viewers


I wrote...
> 
> G'day all,
> 
> Can anybody point me at a utility which will read/convert/crop/whatnot/
> display HDF image files ? I've had a look at the HDF stuff under NCSA 
> and it must take an award for odd directory structure, strange storage
> approaches and minimalist documentation :-)

and it has since turned out that all the mirror sites I looked at were 
fooled by a restructuring at the original site - zaphod.ncsa.uiuc.edu - 
and hence were in a mess. That and a pointer to 'imconv' should get
me started. Ta muchly.

Cheers
	Markus
-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38494
From: un034214@wvnvms.wvnet.edu
Subject: M-MOTION VIDEO CARD: YUV to RGB ?

I am trying to convert an m-motion (IBM) video file format YUV to RGB 
data...

THE Y portion is a byte from 0-255
THE V is a byte -127-127
THe color is U and V
and the intensity is Y

DOes anyone have any ideas for algorhtyms or programs ?

Can someone tell me where to get info on the U and V of a television signal ?

IF you need more info reply at the e-mail address...
Basically what I am doing is converting a digital NTSC format to RGB (VGA)
for displaying captured video pictures.

Thanks.


THE U is a byte -127-127


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38495
From: zemcik@ls (Pavel Zemcik)
Subject: Tseng ET4000 pixel clock

I would like to program Tseng ET4000 to nonstandard 1024x768 mode by
switching to standard 1024x768 mode using BIOS and than changing some
timing details (0x3D4 registers 0x00-0x1F) but I don't know how to
select 36 MHz pixel clock I need. The BIOS function selects 40 MHz.

Is there anybody who knows where to obtain technical info about this.
I am also interested in any other technical information about Tseng ET4000
and Trident 8900 and 9000 chipsets.

			thanks very much

						Pavel Zemcik
						Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.
						Technical University of Brno
						Bozetechova 2
				      CS-612 66 Brno
						Czech Republic
						e-mail: zemcik@dcse.fee.vutbr.cs


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38496
From: scott@osi.com (Scott Fleming)
Subject: Sun IPX root window display - background picture


Hello netters!
 
I have a fairly weak question to ask everybody in netland.  I've looked though
the last FAQ for comp.graphics but I didn't find my answer.  Thus the post.
 
I'll keep it short.
 
QUESTION:  How do I display any raster files, gif files, iff or tiff images
that I have on my "root window" or background?  I have a sun ipc, openwindows
3.0, Sun OS 4.1.3 if that helps any.
 
I've compiled POV for the sun and would like to display some of the work I have
done as a background/tile.  Thanks for any help or information that you
provide.  Have a good day.
 
Scott Fleming
OSI
 
P.S.
Kudo's to the people who provided POV, its great!


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38497
From: markus@octavia.anu.edu.au (Markus Buchhorn)
Subject: HDF readers/viewers



G'day all,

Can anybody point me at a utility which will read/convert/crop/whatnot/
display HDF image files ? I've had a look at the HDF stuff under NCSA 
and it must take an award for odd directory structure, strange storage
approaches and minimalist documentation :-)

Part of the problem is that I want to look at large (5MB+) HDF files and
crop out a section. Ideally I would like a hdftoppm type of utility, from
which I can then use the PBMplus stuff quite merrily. I can convert the cropped
part into another format for viewing/animation.

Otherwise, can someone please explain how to set up the NCSA Visualisation S/W
for HDF (3.2.r5 or 3.3beta) and do the above cropping/etc. This is for
Suns with SunOS 4.1.2.

Any help GREATLY appreciated. Ta muchly !

Cheers,
	Markus

-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]
-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38498
From: se92psh@brunel.ac.uk (Peter Hauke)
Subject: Re: Grayscale Printer

Jian Lu (jian@coos.dartmouth.edu) wrote:
: We are interested in purchasing a grayscale printer that offers a good
: resoltuion for grayscale medical images.  Can anybody give me some
: recommendations on these products in the market, in particular, those
: under $5000?

: Thank for the advice.
-- 
***********************************
* Peter Hauke @ Brunel University *
*---------------------------------*
*      se92psh@brunel.ac.uk       *
***********************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38499
From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:

> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
> significance".

> When I first read this, I rotfl. Finally some philosphy in a technical
> spec. But still I wondered what makes 42 so significant.

> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy, and rotfl the
> second time. (After millions of years of calculation, the second-best
> computer of all time reveals that 42 is the answer to the question
> about life, the universe and everything)

> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

Yes.

> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

I don't know where Douglas Adams took it from, but I'm pretty sure he's
the one who launched it (in the Guide). Since then it's been showing up 
all over the place.

    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38500
From: oved3b@kih.no (Ove Petter Tro)
Subject: Re: need a viewer for gl files

In article <1qu36i$kh7@dux.dundee.ac.uk>, dwestner@cardhu.mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Dominik Westner) writes:
|> the subject says it all. Is there a PD viewer for gl files (for X)?

Try xviewgl.
(filename xviewgl_v1.1.tar.Z on lots of bases)

- Ove
-- 
- ----------==========###########==========-------- -
    //                     | "What do you think
  \X/ (Yep, me too...)     |  this is?  Real life?"
Ove Petter Tro,            |    - Ford Fairlane.
Kongsberg College          |
of Engineering, Norway     | email: ovep@kih.no
- ----------==========###########==========-------- -


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38501
From: max@slinky.NYU.EDU (David Max)
Subject: 24bit mode on Speedstar 24X


   I have a Diamond Speedstar 24X board that I want to program
for 24 bit 640x480 graphics, or possibly 800x600 16 bit color.
Does anybody have any libraries supporting these modes on this
board? Even somes simple routines to set the graphics mode and
plot individual pixels would be a great help. I plan to use the
routines with djgp.

   Thanks in advance. Please respond also via e-mail.

   David Max
   max@slinky.cs.nyu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38502
From: koolish@bbn.com (Dick Koolish)
Subject: Re: Flat globe

sp1marse@kristin (Marco Seirio) writes:


>Does anybody have an algorithm for "flattening" out a globe, or any other
>parametric surface, that is definied parametrically. 
>That is, I would like to take a sheet of paper and a knife and to be
>able to calculate how I must cut in the paper so I can fold it to a
>globe (or any other object).


There is a library of map projections in:

    charon.er.usgs.gov

in

    /pub/PROJ.4.1.3.tar.Z

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38503
From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: M-MOTION VIDEO CARD: YUV to RGB ?

I'll contact you offline about this.

Rick

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38504
From: wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael)
Subject: Re: XV under MS-DOS ?!?

NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch writes:

>Hi ... Recently I found XV for MS-DOS in a subdirectory of GNU-CC (GNUISH). I 

please tell me where you where you FTP'd this from? I would like to have
a copy of it. (I would have mailed you, but your post indicates you have no mail
address...)

>             
-- 
Wayne Michael
wdm@world.std.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38505
From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr19.121925.14451@microware.com>, jejones@microware.com (James Jones) writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
|> >In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
|> >Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
|> >>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
|> >>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
|> >>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
|> >
|> >Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
|> >especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
|> >68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D
|> 
|> Don't get too excited; Signetics, not Motorola, gave the 68070 its number.
|> The 68070, if I understand rightly, uses the 68000 instruction set, and has
|> an on-chip serial port and DMA.  (It will run at up to 15 MHz--I'm typing
|> at a computer using a 68070 running at that rate, so I know that it can
|> do so--so I seriously doubt the clock rate that ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com
|> claims.)
|> 
|> 	James Jones

   Just because the 68070 can run upto 15Mhz doesn't mean the CD-I
is running at that speed.  I said -> I understand it is a 68070 running
at something like 7Mhz.  I am not sure, but I think I read this a long
time ago.

   Anyway, still with 15Mhz, you need sprites for a lot of tricks for
making cool awesome games (read psygnosis).

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38507
From: nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:

  CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
  CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
  CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
  CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
  CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
  CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
  CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
  CH> Just curious.

I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
into one of these categories.

Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
environment.

--
   /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
  /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
 /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
/nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38508
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <1993Apr14.191415.10553@samba.oit.unc.edu> cptully@med.unc.edu  
(Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699) writes:
> Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
> about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
> help define or critique the spec.

I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
infinitely easier to write than to read, which I think hurts your
acceptance by anything that will need to read those images (e.g.,
paint programs).

In a nutshell, I don't think TIFF is salvageable unless the fat is
trimmed significantly- and then it wouldn't be TIFF anymore.  They
keep trying to cut it back, but it's late now.  Maybe they >will< fix it,
and change that magic number to signify the lack of compatibility. 
That would probably make me happy.

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38509
From: cgcad@bart.inescn.pt (Comp. Graphics/CAD)
Subject: Re: Fonts in POV??

Hi.

The RTrace ray tracer supports 3D text as a primitive, not collections of
spheres, cylinders and so on...
The 3D chars are made of lines and splines that are extruded...

Please have a look at asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory
pub/RTrace.
In pub/RTrace/tmp there are some demo images with high quality text.
All of them are called Text?.jpg (JPEG encoded). See them first and then
tell me what you think.

Regards,
Antonio.
.........................................................................
     O     O
    /     /                        I N E S C
   | O   |        Antonio Costa        | E-Mail   acc@asterix.inescn.pt
   | |\  |   O                         |          acosta@porto.inescn.pt
   | | \ |  /  O  Comp. Graphics & CAD | DECnet   porto::a_costa
   | |  \| /  /                        |
   | |  /  | |    Largo Mompilher 22   | UUCP     {mcvax,...}!...
   O | |-O | |    4100 Porto PORTUGAL  | Bell     +351+02+321006
    /   \ /   \
   O     O     O          "Let the good times roll..."



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38510
From: cgcad@bart.inescn.pt (Comp. Graphics/CAD)
Subject: RTrace 8.2.0

There is a new version of the RTrace ray-tracing package (8.2.0) at
asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory pub/RTrace.
Check the README file.

RTrace now can use the SUIT toolkit to have a nice user interface.
Compile it with -DSUIT or modify the Makefile.
SUIT is available at suit@uvacs.cs.virginia.edu
I have binaries of RTrace with SUIT for SUN Sparc, SGI Indigo
and DOS/GO32.
Please contact me if interested.

****************************************

The MAC RTrace 1.0 port is in directory pub/RTrace/Macintosh
Thanks to Reid Judd (reid.judd@east.sun.com) and
Greg Ferrar (gregt@function.mps.ohio-state.edu).

****************************************

Small changes were done since version 8.1.0, mainly:

1. Now it is possible to discard backface polygons and triangles
   for fast preview...

2. The support program scn2sff has been reworked to use temp files.

****************************************

Here goes a short description of current converters from
CAD/molecular/chemistry packages to the SCN format.

The package programs are related as below (those marked with * have been
modified)

	       irit2scn
     IRIT ----------------|
                          |               NFF (nffclean, nffp2pp)
	        sol2scn   |                |
    ACAD11 ---------------|                | nff2sff
                          |                |
	        mol2scn	  v    scn2sff*    v	rtrace*
   ALCHEMY  -----------> SCN -----------> SFF ----------> PIC or PPM
			  ^      cpp                           |
	        pdb2scn   |                                 picmix
     PDB -----------------|                                 picblend
			  |                                 ppmmix*
	       chem2scn   |                                 ppmblend*
   CHEMICAL --------------|
                          |
                3ds2scn*  |
  3D STUDIO --------------|
                          |
                iv2scn*   |
 IRIS Inventor -----------|

****************************************

The DOS port of RTrace is in pub/RTrace/PC-386 (rtrac820.arj,
utils820.arj and image820.arj). See the README file there.
Requires DJGPP GO32 DOS extender (version 1.09 included), which can be
found in directory pub/PC/djgpp (and in many sites around netland).
There are also demo scenes, manuals and all the source code...

****************************************

Please feel free to get it and use it.
Hope you like it.

Regards,
Antonio Costa.
.........................................................................
     O     O
    /     /                        I N E S C
   | O   |        Antonio Costa        | E-Mail   acc@asterix.inescn.pt
   | |\  |   O                         |
   | | \ |  /  O  Comp. Graphics & CAD | DECnet   porto::acosta
   | |  \| /  /                        |
   | |  /  | |    Largo Mompilher 22   | UUCP     {mcvax,...}!...
   O | |-O | |    4100 Porto PORTUGAL  | Bell     +351+02+321006
    /   \ /   \
   O     O     O          "Let the good times roll..."



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38511
From: clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <1993Apr19.193758.12091@unocal.com> stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:

>Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
>that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
>hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
>so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.

So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

Louis

-- 
I'm hanging on your words, Living on your breath, Feeling with your skin,
Will I always be here?  -- In Your Room [ DM ]


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38512
From: bosch@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de (Gerhard Bosch)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <NERONE.93Apr20085951@sylvester.cc.utexas.edu>, nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone) writes:
|> In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> 
|>   CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
|>   CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
|>   CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
|>   CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
|>   CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
|>   CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
|>   CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|>   CH> Just curious.
|> 
|> I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
|> already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
|> into one of these categories.
|> 
|> Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
|> groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
|> would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
|> environment.
|> 
|> --
|>    /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
|>   /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
|>  /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
|> /nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\

Hi,
It might be nice to know, what's possible on different hard ware platforms.
But usually the hard ware is fixed ( in my case either Unix or DOS- PC ).
So I'm not much interested in Amiga news. 

In the case of Software, I won't get any comercial software mentioned in this
newgroup to run on a Unix- platform, so I'm not interested in this information.

I would suggest to split the group. I don't see the problem of cross-posting.
Then you need to read just 2 newgroups with half the size. 

BUT WHAT WOULD BE MORE IMPORTANT IS TO HAVE A FAQ. THIS WOULD REDUCE THE
TRAFFIC A LOT.

Sincerely, Gerhard
-- 
I'm writing this as a privat person, not reflecting any opinions of the Inst.
of Hydromechanics,  the University of Karlsruhe, the Land Baden-Wuerttemberg,
the Federal Republic of Germany and  the European Community.  The address and
phone number below  are just to get in touch with me.  Everything I'm saying, 
writing and typing is always wrong ! (Statement necessary to avoid law suits)
=============================================================================
-    Dipl.-Ing. Gerhard Bosch M.Sc.             voice:(0721) - 608 3118     -
-    Institute for Hydromechanic                  FAX:(0721) - 608 4290     -
-    University of Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, 7500-Karlsruhe, Germany     -
-    Internet: bosch@ifh-hp2.bau-verm.uni-karlsruhe.de                      -
-      Bitnet: nd07@DKAUNI2.BITNET                                          -
=============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38513
From: mini@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Padmini Srivathsa)
Subject: WANTED : Info on Image Databases

  Guess the subject says it all.
  I would like references to any introductory material on Image
  Databases.
  Please send any pointers to mini@point.cs.uwm.edu

  Thanx in advance!
   



-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-< MINI >-           mini@point.cs.uwm.edu | mini@csd4.csd.uwm.edu 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38514
From: glp@phillson.cray.com (Gordon Phillips)
Subject: Lyon lamb minivas-2 control of abekas A66


We have a minivas-2 and we want to record to an Abekas A66.
We have most of the functions working but when we go to
set up a record the minivas hangs. We are sending the
abekas SMPTE time code. Does anyone have code we can
compare to what we have done and is there and ftp site
for minivas and abekas code.

Gordon Phillips
glp@cray.com
-- 
Gordon Phillips - glp@cray.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38515
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: Stay Away from MAG Innovision!!!

In <16BB58B33.D1SAR@VM1.CC.UAKRON.EDU> D1SAR@VM1.CC.UAKRON.EDU (Steve Rimar) writes:
>My Mag MX15F works fine....................

Mine was beautiful for a year and a half.  Then it went <foomp>.  I bought
a ViewSonic 6FS instead.  Another great monitor, IMHO.

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38516
From: capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Capelli)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.

See:
   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.
_______________________________________________________________________

...Ron Capelli                 IBM Corp.  Dept. C13,  MS. P230
   capelli@vnet.ibm.com        PO Box 950
   (914) 435-1673              Poughkeepsie, NY  12602
_______________________________________________________________________

"There are no answers, only cross references."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38517
From: oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it (Jacques Oberto)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

CBW790S@vma.smsu.edu.Ext (Corey Webb) writes:

>In article <1993Apr19.160944.20236W@baron.edb.tih.no>
>havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a) writes:
>>
>>Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
>>of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
>>picture formats.
>>
> 
>     If you have the GRASP animation system, then yes, it's quite easy.
>You simply use GLIB to extract the image (each "frame" in a .GL is
>actually a complete .PCX or .CLP file), then use one of MANY available
>utilities to convert it.  If you don't have the GRASP package, I'm afraid
>I can't help you.  Sorry.
>     By the way, before you ask, GRASP (GRaphics Animation System for
>Professionals) is a commercial product that sells for just over US$300
>from most mail-order companies I've seen.  And no, I don't have it.  :)
> 
> 
>                                               Corey Webb
> 

There are several public domain utilities available at your usual
archive site that allow 'extraction' of single frames from a .gl
file, check in the 'graphics' directories under *grasp.  The problem 
is that the .clp files you generate cannot be decoded by any of 
the many pd format converters I have used. Any hint welcome!
Let me know if you have problems locating the utilities.
Hope it helps.

-- 
Jacques Oberto  <oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38518
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In <1r0ms5$k65@ratatosk.uninett.no> joachim@kih.no (joachim lous) writes:
>> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?
>I don't know where Douglas Adams took it from, but I'm pretty sure he's
>the one who launched it (in the Guide). Since then it's been showing up 
>all over the place.

Douglas Adams once said (paraphrased from memory): "I just picked it.  It
seemed like the sort of number you wouldn't be afraid to take home to meet
your parents.  Nice and even, perfectly normal."

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38519
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: XV under MS-DOS ?!?

In <1993Apr20.083731.260@eicn.etna.ch> NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch writes:
>Do somenone know the solution to run XV ??? any help would be apprecied..

I would guess that it requires X, almost certainly DV/X, which commonly
uses the GO32 (DJGPP) setup for its programs.  If you don't have DV/X
running, you can't get anything which requires interfacing with X.

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38520
From: ktt3@unix.brighton.ac.uk (Koon Tang)
Subject: PostScript driver for GINO

Does anybody know where I can get, via anonymous ftp or otherwise, a PostScript
driver for the graphics libraries GINO verison 3.0A ?

We are runnining on a VAX/VMS and are looking for a way outputing our plots to a
PostScript file...


Thanks in advance...
-- 
Koon Tang,                                internet: ktt3@unix.bton.ac.uk
Department of Mathematical Sciences,          uucp: uknet!itri!ktt3
University of Brighton,
Brighton,
BN2 4GJ,
U.K.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38521
From: jfreund@taquito.engr.ucdavis.edu (Jason Freund)
Subject: Info on Medical Imaging systems


	Hi, 

	Is anyone into medical imaging?  I have a good ray tracing background,
and I'm interested in that field.  Could you point me to some sources?  Or
better yet, if you have any experience, do you want to talk about what's
going on or what you're working on?

Thanks,
Jason Freund

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38522
From: tristant@syma.sussex.ac.uk (Tristan Tarrant)
Subject: Paradise VGA

I have a Paradise SVGA with 1Mb, the 90c030 chip (1D). The docs say that
I can display the following modes : 640x480x32k colours and 800x600x32k cols
if I have the RAMDAC HiColor Chip. I have checked the board and I do have
such a chip. Now, the problem is that I can't get this mode to work !
Graphics Workshop 6.1 claims that it can display 24 bit images dithered
down to 15 bit colour with my board, but it doesn't work. I have tried
writing some assembler code to get the modes working and I have found out
that each pixel is addressed by a word ( 16 bit ), but only the lower 8 bits
are considered ( this happens in 800x600 mode, the 640x480 mode refuses to
work i.e. remains in text mode ).
Could someone please help me.

Tristan

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38523
From: dotzlaw@ccu.umanitoba.ca (Helmut Dotzlaw)
Subject: Anti-aliasing utility wanted

I am currently using POVRay on Mac and was wondering if anyone in netland
knows of public domain anti-aliasing utilities so that I can skip this step
in POV, very slow on this machine.  Any suggestions, opinions about
post-trace anti-aliasing would be greatly appreciated.

             Helmut Dotzlaw
Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
         University of Manitoba
            Winnipeg, Canada
        dotzlaw@ccu.umanitoba.ca

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38524
From: lmp8913@rigel.tamu.edu (PRESTON, LISA M)
Subject: Another CVIEW question (was CView answers)


	Has anybody gotten CVIEW to work in 32k or 64k color mode on a Trident
8900c hi-color card? At best the colors come out screwed up, and at worst the 
program hangs. I loaded the VESA driver, and the same thing happens on 2 
different machines.

	If it doesn't work on the Trident, does anybody know of a viewer that 
does?

Thanx!
LISA 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38525
From: tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Re: Sun IPX root window display - background picture


I'm not sure if you got the information you were looking for, so I'll
post it anyway for the general public.  To load an image on your root
window add this line to the end of your .xsession file:

 xloadimage -onroot -fullscreen <gif_file_name> &

This is assuming of course you have the xloadimage client, and as
for the switches, I think they pretty much explain what is going on.
If you leave out the <&>, the terminal locks till you kill it.
(You already knew that though...)

Hope this helps.

Daemon

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38526
From: lasse@mits.mdata.fi (Lasse Reinikainen)
Subject: Re: WANTED: Multi-page GIF!!

In article <1993Apr20.053250.24854@worak.kaist.ac.kr> stjohn@math1.kaist.ac.kr (Ryou Seong Joon) writes:
>Hi!... 
>
>I am searching for packages that could handle Multi-page GIF
>files...    

If you are looking for viewer try VPIC60

    __________________           __
    \_________________|)____.---'--`---.____
                  ||    \----.________.----/
                  ||     / /    `--'                  lasse@mits.mdata.fi
                __||____/ /_
               |___         \
                   `--------'


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38527
From: tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Ray tracer for ms-dos?


Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)

Thanks in advance

Daemon


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38528
From: madler@cco.caltech.edu (Mark Adler)
Subject: Re: images of earth


>> So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>> The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

I'm sure the whole newspaper is copyrighted.  They could have gotten
permission to use the image under their own copyright.

mark

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38529
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr20.143434.5069@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:
>In <1993Apr19.193758.12091@unocal.com> stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:
>
>>Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
>>that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
>>hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
>>so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.
>
>So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

(1) No explicit (c) is necessary.  If it the image is attributed to the
Geosphere Company, then there is a likelihood permission is has been
given to reprint.

(2) Unlikely that the owner can or will go after individuals.
However, "interesting" images do make their way into ads and
computer demos. That is when a pirate might get some flak.
This image is considered so "interesting" that many people would
like to use it whenever some global map is needed, so there
is lots of temptation.

(3) One mail person said since the source data- satellite imagery-
is not copyrighted, then the derived image can't be.  Not true.
A new, distinctive, creative expression of the data can be protected.
This image is certainly fits such, since NO ONE ELSE has taken the
tremendous effort to re-create it themselves.  Precedent is a recent
telephone book court case.  Ma Bell tried to copyright the data in
their books and prevent competitors from copying it (there are
trick entries in the book).  But the court only permitted copyright
of the expression of the data, and not the data themselves. (You cant
xerox and sell the telephone book.)

(4) There will be more attention to digital copyrights in the future
and computer becomes a mass product and moguls such as Bill Gates
are currently hoarding the digital copyrights.

(5) I'd prefer that Geosphere put this data in the public domain because
it is very interesting to me and others, but that's the way things are.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38530
From: dingebre@imp.sim.es.com (David Ingebretsen)
Subject: Re: images of earth

I downloaded an image of the earth re-constructed from elevation data taken
at 1/2 degree increments. The author (not me) wrote some c-code (included)
that read in the data file and generated b&w and pseudo color images. They
work very well and are not incumbered by copyright. They are at an aminet
site near you called earth.lha in the amiga/pix/misc area...

I refer you to the included docs for the details on how the author (sorry, I
forget his name) created these images. The raw data is not included.

-- 
	David

	David M. Ingebretsen
	Evans & Sutherland Computer Corp.
	dingebre@thunder.sim.es.com

	Disclaimer: The content of this message in no way reflects the
	            opinions of my employer, nor are my actions
		    encouraged, supported, or acknowledged by my
		    employer.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38531
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Need polygon splitting algo...


In article <1qvq4b$r4t@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au>, g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad) writes:
|> 
|> The idea is to clip one polygon using another polygon (not
|> necessarily rectangular) as a window.  My problem then is in
|> finding out all the new vertices of the resulting "subpolygons"
|> from the first one.  Is this simply a matter of extending the
|> usual algorithm whereby each of the edges of one polygon is checked
|> against another polygon???  Is there a simpler way??
|> 
|> Comments welcome.
|> 
|> Noel.

	It depends on what kind of the polygons. 
	Convex - simple, concave - trouble, concave with loop(s)
	inside - big trouble.

	Of cause, you can use the box test to avoid checking
	each edges. According to my experience, there is not
	a simple way to go. The headache stuff is to deal with
	the special cases, for example, the overlapped lines.

	Yeh
	USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38532
From: johnh@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu (John J Humpal)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr20.143434.5069@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:

>So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

	The newspaper itself is almost certainly copyrighted in its
entirety.  Newspapers generally employ legal staffs which make sure
they get permission to use a copyrighted image or text.  Did you
do the same?
-- 
-John

John J. Humpal -- johnh@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu -- short .sig, std. disclaimer


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38533
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: comp.graphics.programmer

In article <1qukk7INNd4l@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu> lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu  
writes:
> However, that is almost overkill.  Something more like this would probably
> make EVERYONE a lot happier:
> 
> comp.graphics.programmer
> comp.graphics.hardware
> comp.graphics.apps
> comp.graphics.misc

That's closer, but I dislike "apps".  "software" (vs. "hardware")
would be better.  Would that engulf alt.graphics.pixutils?  Or would
that be "programmer"?

I don't know if traffic is really heavy enough to warrant a newsgroup
split.  Look how busy comp.graphics.research is (not).

It's true that a lot of the traffic here is rehashing FAQs and
discussing things that would probably be better diverted to
system-specific groups, but I don't know whether a split would help
or hurt that cause.

Maybe we need a comp.graphics.RTFB for all those people who can't be
bothered to read the fine books out there.  Right, Dr. Rogers? :-)

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38534
From: daniel@lclark.edu (Daniel Snodgrass)
Subject: Re: stand alone editing suite.

In article <1qvkaeINNgat@shelley.u.washington.edu> eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler) writes:
>I need some help.  We are upgrading our animation/video editing stand. We
>are looking into the different type of setups for A/B roll and a cuts only
>station.  We would like this to be controlled by a computer ( brand doesnt matter but maybe MAC, or AMIGA).  Low end to high end system setups would be very
>helpful. If you have a system or use a system that might be of use, could you
>mail me your system requirements, what it is used for, and all the hardware and
>software that will be necessary to set the system up.  If you need more 
>info, you  can mail me at   eylerken@u.washington.edu
>
>thanks in advance.
>
>:ken
>:eylerken@u.washington.edu


Here at Lewis and Clark College we have recently installed a Digital Film
system (based on the Mac Quadra) that does non-linear, full digital editing.

If you're considering such a system, here are the pros and cons:

For the educational environment, this system is excellent.  We use it to
produce a variety of educational materials for disemination on our local
network.  Because this programming is going to be viewed on other Macs, the
image quality is not as important as the ability to directly export the
video to the Net.

We also use it to produce orientiation and promotional video programs for
use by the Lewis & Clark community.  Since these programs are not meant for
commercial or broadcast use, image quality is not critical.

The Digital Film system, for those of you who are uninitiated, is an A/B roll
digitizing system on one $5000 JPEG compression card.  It was promoted as
an inexpensive online editing system with SVHS quality.  SuperMac, the maker
of the card, is trying to achieve this quality level, but as yet, has been
unable to deliver.  Our system produces "near VHS" quality at 30 fields per
second (640x480 overscan).  The card repeats every other field to get 60
fields per second.  This results in a kind of Super 8 film look that some
find distracting.

If you can get past this problem, you'll find the Adobe Premier editing 
software quite enjoyable with which to work.  It produces thousands of
different effects from crystalize filters to DVE transitions to color matting.

Because of its non-linear nature, editing is fast and easy.  If you've ever
used (or seen used) an AVID or Montage system, you'll recognize the methodology
and the user interface.

The total system with Quadra 950 (40Megs of RAM), 1 gig drive, 21" Apple mon-
itor, Panasonic SVHS 1960 edit deck, audio gear (cassette, CD, EQ, mixer, etc),
Composite monitor, Digital Film card will set you back about $20,000.

For you video cowboys and girls, this system will not output at a quality
that will satisfy most of your clients.  Even though you can perform more
effects than a toasterhead can imagine, an Amiga based off-line based system
will look better.

We use both Macs and Amigas for our video work.  Each for what each does best!


Dan Snodgrass
Media Services
Lewis & Clark College
Portland

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38535
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: XV problems

[Please, note the Newsgroups.]

Recent discussion about XV's problems were held in some newsgroup.
Here is some text users of XV might find interesting.
I have added more to text to this collection article, so read on, even
you so my articles a while ago.

I hope author of XV corrects those problems as best he can, so fine
program XV is that it is worth of improving.
(I have also minor ideas for 24bit XV, e-mail me for them.)

Any misundertanding of mine is understandable.


Juhana Kouhia


==clip==

[ ..deleted..]

Note that 'xv' saves only 8bit/rasterized images; that means that
the saved jpegs are just like jpeg-to-gif-to-jpeg quality.
Also, there's three kind of 8bit quantizers; your final image quality
depends on them too.
 
This were the situation when I read jpeg FAQ a while ago.
 
IMHO, it is design error of 'xv'; there should not be such confusing
errors in programs.
There's two errors:
  -xv allows the saving of 8bit/rasterized image as jpeg even the
   original is 24bit -- saving 8bit/rasterized image instead of
   original 24bit should be a special case
  -xv allows saving the 8bit/rasterized image made with any quantizer
   -- the main case should be that 'xv' quantizes the image with the
   best quantizer available before saving the image to a file; lousier
   quantizers should be just for viewing purposes (and a special cases
   in saving the image, if at all)
 
==clip==

==clip==

[ ..deleted..]

It is limit of *XV*, but not limit of design.
It is error in design.
It is error that 8bit/quantized/rasterized images are stored as jpegs;
jpeg is not designed to that.

As matter of fact, I'm sure when XV were designed 24bit displays were
known. It is not bad error to program a program for 8bit images only
at that time, but when 24bit image formats are included to program the
whole design should be changed to support 24bit images.
That were not done and now we have
 -the program violate jpeg design (and any 24bit image format)
 -the program has human interface errors.

Otherway is to drop saving images as jpegs or any 24bit format without
clearly saying that it is special case and not expected in normal use.

[ ..deleted.. ]

==clip==

Some new items follows.

==clip==

I have seen that XV quantizes the image sometimes poorly with -best24
option than with default option we have.
The reason surely is the quantizer used as -best24; it is (surprise)
the same than used in ppmquant.

If you remember, I have tested some quantizers. In that test I found
that rlequant (with default) is best, then comes djpeg, fbmquant, xv
(our default) in that order. In my test ppmquant suggeeded very poorly
-- it actually gave image with bad artifacts.

I don't know is ppmquant improved any, but I expect no.
So, use of XV's -best24 option is not very good idea.

I suggest that author of XV changes the quantizer to the one used in
rlequant -- I'm sure rle-people gives permission.
(Another could be one used in ImageMagick; I have not tested it, so I
can say nothing about it.)

==clip==

==clip==

Some minor bugs in human interface are:

Key pressings and cursor clicks goes to a buffer; Often it happens
that I make click errors or press keyboard when cursor is in the wrong
place. It is very annoying when you have waited image to come about
five minutes and then it is gone away immediately.
The buffer should be cleaned when the image is complete.

Also, good idea is to wait few seconds before activating keyboard
and mouse for XV after the image is completed.
Often it happens that image pops to the screen quickly, just when
I'm writing something with editor or such. Those key pressings
then go to XV and image has gone or something weird.

In the color editor, when I turn a color meter and release it, XV
updates the images. It is impossible to change all RGB values first
and then get the updated image. It is annoying wait image to be
updated when the setting are not ready yet.
I suggest of adding an 'apply' button to update the exchanges done.

==clip==

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38536
From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu> tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
>Subject: Newsgroup Split
>Date: 19 Apr 1993 19:43:52 GMT
>Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
>doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
>this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
>different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
>a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
>for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
>Just curious.
>
>
>Daemon
>

Actuallay I don't, but on the other hand I don't support the idea of having
one newsgroup for every aspect of graphics programming as proposed by Brian,
in his reply to my original posting.
I would suggest a looser structure more like a comp.graphics.programmer,
comp.graphics.hw_and_sw
The reason for making as few groups as possible is for the same reason you
say we shouldn't spilt up, not to get to few postings every day.
I takes to much time to browse through all postings just to find two or 
three I'm interested in.

I understand and agree when you say you want all aspects of graphics in one
meeting. I agree to some extension. I see news as a forum to exchange ideas,
help others or to be helped. I think this is difficult to achive if there
are so many different things in one meeting.

Good evening netters|-)

Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38537
From: jbrandt@NeoSoft.com (J Brandt)
Subject: Beta Testers Wanted for Graphics Libraries


  Visual Numerics Inc. (formerly IMSL and Precision Visuals) is in the
process of securing sites for beta testing X Exponent Graphics 1.0 
and C Exponent Graphics 2.0.  (Both X Exponent Graphics and C Exponent
Graphics are 3GL products).  The beta period is from April 26 through 
June 18.  The platform is HP9000/700 running under OS 8.07 with 
ansi C 8.71 compiler.  The media will be sent on 4mm DAT cartridge 
tape.  Here are some of the key facts about the two products.
 
X Exponent Graphics 1.0 key facts:
 
1. Complete collection of high-level 2D and 3D application plot types
   available through a large collection of X resources.
2. Cstom widget for OSF/Motif developers.
3. Built-in interactive GUI for plot customization.
4. Easily-implemented callbacks for customized application feedback.
5. XEG 1.0, being built on the Xt Toolkit provides the user a widget 
   library that conforms to the expected syntax and standards familar 
   to X programmers.
6. XEG will also be sold as a bundle with Visual Edge's UIM/X product.
   This will enable user to use a GUI builder to create the graphical
   layout of an application.
 
C Exponent Graphics 2.0 key facts:
 
1. Written in C for C application programmers/developers.  The library
   is 100% written in C, and the programming interface conforms to C
   standards, taking advantage fo the most desirable features of C.
2. Build-in GUI for interactive plot customization.  Through mouse 
   interaction, the user has complete interactive graph output control
   with over 200 graphics attributes for plot customization.
3. Large collection of high-level application functions for "two-call"
   graph creation.  A wide variety of 2D and 3D plot types are available
   with minimal programming effort.
4. User ability to interrupt and control the X event.  By controlling
   the X event loop, when the user use the mouse to manipulate the  plot
   the user can allow CEG to control the event loop or the user can 
   control the event loop.
 
If anyone is interested in beta testing either of the products, please
contact Wendy Hou at Visual Numerics via email at hou@imsl.com or call
713-279-1066.
 
 
-- 
Jaclyn Brandt
jbrandt@NeoSoft.com
--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38538
From: "danny hawrysio" <danny.hawrysio@canrem.com>
Subject: radiosity


-> I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method.

 I don't know what kind of machine you want it for, but the program
Radiance comes with 'C' source code - I don't have ftp access so I
couldn't tell you where to get it via that way.
--
Canada Remote Systems - Toronto, Ontario
416-629-7000/629-7044

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38539
From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <NERONE.93Apr20085951@sylvester.cc.utexas.edu> nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone) writes:
>From: nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone)
>Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split
>Date: 20 Apr 93 08:59:51
>In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>
>  CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
>  CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
>  CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
>  CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
>  CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
>  CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
>  CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
>  CH> Just curious.
>
>I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
>already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
>into one of these categories.
>
>Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
>groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
>would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
>environment.
>
>--
>   /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
>  /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
> /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
>/nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\


Maybe I should point out that we are not talking about c.s.amiga.*.
Only comp.graphics.

Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38540
From: srlnjal@grace.cri.nz
Subject: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL


Does anyone know of software that will allow
you to convert CorelDraw (.CDR) files
containing bitmaps to SCODAL, as this is the
only format our bureau's filmrecorder recognises.

Jeff Lyall
Inst.Geo.Nuc.Sci.Ltd
Lower Hutt New Zealand


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38541
From: idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <C5nF8t.Gsq@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>>	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, done in C and
>ASM.  I need a faster way to draw concave polygons that the method I have right
>now, which is very slow.

What kind of polygons?  Shaded?  Texturemapped?  Hm?  More comes into play with
fast routines than just "polygons".  It would be nice to know exaclty what
system (VGA is a start, but what processor?) and a few of the specifics of the
implementation.  You need to give  more info if you want to get any answers! :P

                                  - Ian Romanick
                                    Dancing Fool of Epsilon

[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]
 | Were the contained thoughts 'opinions',     EPN.NTSC.quality = Best|
 | PSU would probably not agree with them.                            |
 |                                                                    |
 | "Look, I don't know anything about                                 |
 | douche, but I do know Anti-Freeze                                  |
 | when I see it!" - The Dead Milkmen                                 |
[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38542
From: xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao)
Subject: more on radiosity



In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
|>
|>
|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
|> I finished it.
|>
|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
|> to finish it.


 Are you using the traditional radiosity method, progressive refinement, or
  something else in your package?

 If you need to project patches on the hemi-cube surfaces, what technique are
  you using?  Do you have hardware to facilitate the projection?


|>
|> In the meantime you may have a look at the file
|>   Radiosity_code.tar.Z
|> located at
|>   compute1.cc.ncsu.edu


  What are the guest username and password for this ftp site?


|>
|> (there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)
|>
|> Hope that'll help.
|>
|> Yours
|>
|> Stephan
|>


   Thanks, Stephan.


    Josephine

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38545
From: kaufman@Xenon.Stanford.EDU (Marc T. Kaufman)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

joachim@kih.no (joachim lous) writes:

>ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:
-> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
-> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
-> significance".

-> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy, and rotfl the
-> second time. (After millions of years of calculation, the second-best
-> computer of all time reveals that 42 is the answer to the question
-> about life, the universe and everything)

-> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

>Yes.

-> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

   At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in
his note-book, called out "Silence!" and read out from his book
"Rule Forty-two. All persons more than a mile high to leave the court."
   Everybody looked at Alice.
   "I'm not a mile high," said Alice.
   "You are," said the King.
   "Nearly two miles high," added the queen.
   "Well, I sha'n't go, at any rate," said Alice; "besides, that's not
a regular rule: you invented it just now."
   "It's the oldest rule in the book," said the King.
   "Then it ought to be Number One," said Alice.

-- 
Marc Kaufman (kaufman@CS.Stanford.EDU)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38546
From: ddeciacco@cix.compulink.co.uk (David Deciacco)
Subject: Re: Another CVIEW question (wa


In-Reply-To: <20APR199312262902@rigel.tamu.edu> lmp8913@rigel.tamu.edu (PRESTON, LISA M)

I have a trident card and fullview works real gif jpg try it#
dave

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38547
From: seth@north13.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: univesa driver


	I got the univesa driver available over the net. I thought that finally
my 1-meg oak board would be able to show 680x1024 256 colors. Unfortunately a
program still says that I can't do this. Is it the fault of the program (fractint)
or is there something wrong with my card.
	univesa- a free driver available over the net that makes many boards
vesa compatible. 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38548
From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: windows imagine??!!


I sent off for my copy today...   Snail Mail.   Hope to get it back in
about ten days.  (Impulse said "a week".)

I hope it's as good as they claim...

Jim Nobles

(Hope I have what it takes to use it...  :>)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38549
From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <7306@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
>What kind of polygons?  Shaded?  Texturemapped?  Hm?  More comes into play with
>fast routines than just "polygons".  It would be nice to know exaclty what
>system (VGA is a start, but what processor?) and a few of the specifics of the
>implementation.  You need to give  more info if you want to get any answers! :P

I don't want texture mapped, cause if I did I'd asked for them. :)  Just
a simple and fast routine to do filled polygons.  As for the processor, it'd
be for a minimum of a 286... maybe 386 if I can't find a good one for 286s.
Ideally, I want a polyn function that can clip to a user-defined viewport,
and write to an arbitrary location in memory.  Of course the chances of
finding something like that are pretty remote, so I guess I'd need the source
with it.  Oh, and I guess it would need to be in ASM otherwise it'd be too
slow.  I've seen some polygon routines in C, and they've all been waaay too
slow.  Its for a 3D vector graphics program.  I've been hunting high and low
for a polyn function in ASM, and I can't find one anywhere that I can use.
I've found one or two polyn functions, but my ASM is pretty bad, so I won't
even try to rewrite them. :)
		//Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38550
From: yoo@engr.ucf.edu (Hoi Yoo)
Subject: Ribbon Information ?



Does anyone out there have or know of, any kind of utility program for

Ribbons?


Ribbons are a popular representation for 2D shape.  I am trying to
find symmetry axis in a given any 2D shape using ribbons.


Any suggestions will be greatly appreciated how to start program. 


Thanks very much in advance,
Hoi


yoo@engr.ucf.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38551
Subject: Need rgb data from saved images
From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>

  Could someone please help me find a program or figure out how to extract a li
st of R G B values for each pixel in an image.  I can convert between tga and s
everal other popular formats but I need the R G B values for use in a program I
 am writing.  Thanks for the help

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38552
From: quan@sol.surv.utas.edu.au (Stephen Quan)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:

>In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>>In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>>>[...], but I'm looking for a fast polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>>A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, [...]

Hi, I've come across a fast triangle fill-draw routine for mode 13h.  By
calling this routine enough times, you have a fast polygon drawing routine.

I think I ftp'ed from wuarchive.wustl.edu:/pub/MSDOS_UPLOADS/programming.
I have a copy of it so I reupload it there.  The triangle.txt file has this
to say :

>  C and inline assembly source for a VGA mode 13h triangle drawer.

--
Stephen Quan (quan@sol.surv.utas.edu.au)      Tel : 002 202844 (local)
Research Fellow, Computer Scientist,          Fax : 002 240282 (local)
Centre for Spatial Information Systems,       Tel : 61 02 202844
University of Tasmania, Australia.            Fax : 61 02 240282

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38553
From: ykim@cs.columbia.edu (Yong Su Kim)
Subject: Fast wireframe graphics


I am working on a program to display 3d wireframe models with the user
being able to arbitrarily change any of the viewing parameters.  Also,
the wireframe objects are also going to have dynamic attributes so
that they can move around while the user is "exploring" the wireframe
world.

To do this, I am thinking of using the SRGP package described in the
Van Dam, Foley and Feiner book, but I was wondering if there was
another PD graphics package out there which was faster.  I would like
to make the program as fast as possible so that it provides
satisfactory real time performance on a Sun IPX.

Ideally, I'm looking for a PD graphics package which will allow me to
open a new window under X, and allow me to draw lines within the
window.  Also, it would also need to have some sort of event driven
interaction handling since the user is going to move around the
wireframe models using the keyboard.

If you know or wrote such a package, I would be grateful if you could
direct me to a ftp site which contains the package.

Thank you.

-- 
===============================================================================
Yong Su Kim, Class of 1993		|  Internet: yk4@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu
Columbia College, Columbia University   |        or  ykim@cs.columbia.edu
			

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38554
From: olson@anchor.esd.sgi.com (Dave Olson)
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

In <1qjrec$qem@network.ucsd.edu> spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont) writes:
| What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
| we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
| Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

It should have been made fairly clear that the *most* Crimson would
ever get was a 150 (75 old style) MHz CPU upgrade.  Certainly this
was mentioned on comp.sys.sgi on more than one occasion as being
likely.  If our sales folks were saying otherwise, they were either
confused, or less than honest/ethical, or somebody further up the
chain inside SGI was misleading them.

| I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
| previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
| for a while, rather than being flushed.

There were 4 versions (20, 25, 30, 35), although admittedly the 30 came
out at the same time as the 35, over a period of 2 1/2 years.  The
chassis simply couldn't be pushed any further.  I'd say 4 years was
a pretty good lifespan, myself, for a system design in this day and
age.  Getting the 35 to work caused a lot of gray hairs in both the
hardware and product design groups; we would have been out of our
minds to push it further, and I *know* that was made clear, almost
from the day the 35 started shipping.  We had one last kicker in
the form of the Elan graphics, which made 3 graphics versions over
its lifespan, which I also think is pretty good.

| Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
| keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
| pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
| just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
| getting boned in the process.

Please, by all means send a complaint letter through SGI support
or sales on your concerns.  There should be no reason for sales folks
to misrepresent future upgrades to customers (sure, sometimes there
will be confusion for a while, over whether an upgrade will be available,
but that shouldn't last too long, and doesn't seem to be what you
are referring to).

Yes, the sales folks *do* get bonus's at the end of some (all?) quarters,
but that is pretty common industry wide, and sometimes that can result
in good deals for customers (sometimes it probably pushes folks into
systems that aren't what they need, I'm sure, but nobody is *forcing*
you to buy at end of quarter, after all...)

| Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
| aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
| for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs

They don't get all that long a lead time either; although certainly
they get presentations on possible new products, and their opinions
may well influence the end product, but that also is life in the
industry.  We can't design systems that meet just their needs, or we
won't sell too many systems, after all (which is not to say that we
don't have some niche products, like Reality Engine).

| and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
| every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.
| The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
| entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond.  That
| means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
| have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
| previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
| vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
| And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
| could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
| supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).

But surely you don't expect a system you buy now for a five year
period to be constantly upgradable over that entire five year
period?  That's a rather unreasonable expectation, in my experience
(with workstations/microcomputers).  Supported, and parts available,
yes, but certainly not upgradable to the latest and greatest!

| Now you'll have to pardon me while I go off and hiss and fume in a
| corner somewhere and think dark, libelous thoughts.

I missed your first posting, but as I say, by all means share your
frustation with somebody at a level inside SGI where it might
have an effect (not immediate, I'm sure, but complaints aren't
going to be ignored, and *may* affect future plans, if we 
hear similar things from more than one person/site).

All of the above is, as usual, my personal opinion, not SGI's.
--
Let no one tell me that silence gives consent,  |   Dave Olson
because whoever is silent dissents.             |   Silicon Graphics, Inc.
    Maria Isabel Barreno                        |   olson@sgi.com
PS: I start my sabbatical 29 May, ask those questions now ;)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38555
From: jr0930@eve.albany.edu (REGAN JAMES P)
Subject: Pascal-Fractals

-- 
 |||||||||||   		 	   ||||||||||| 
_|||||||||||_______________________|||||||||||_      jr0930@eve.albany.edu
-|||||||||||-----------------------|||||||||||-     jr0930@Albnyvms.bitnet
 |||||||||||  GO HEAVY OR GO HOME  |||||||||||

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38556
From: pes@hutcs.cs.hut.fi (Pekka Siltanen)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <1993Apr19.234409.18303@kpc.com> jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf) writes:
>In article <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl>, ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck) writes:
>|> I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>|> point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
>|> 
>|> An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,
>
>There was a very useful article in one of the 1989 issues of
>Transactions On Graphics. I believe Maureen Stone was one of
>the authors. Sorry not to be more specific. I don't have the
>reference here with me.


Stone, DeRose: Geometric characterization of parametric cubic curves.
ACM Trans. Graphics 8 (3) (1989) 147 - 163.


Manocha, Canny: Detecting cusps and inflection points in curves.
Computer aided geometric design 9 (1992) 1-24.

Pekka Siltanen






Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38557
From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL

My CorelDRAW 3.0.whatever write SCODL files directly. Look under File|Export
on the main menu. 

Rick

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38558
From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

Marc T. Kaufman (kaufman@Xenon.Stanford.EDU) wrote:

> -> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

>    At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in
> his note-book, called out "Silence!" and read out from his book
> "Rule Forty-two. All persons more than a mile high to leave the court."
>    Everybody looked at Alice.
>    "I'm not a mile high," said Alice.
>    "You are," said the King.
>    "Nearly two miles high," added the queen.
>    "Well, I sha'n't go, at any rate," said Alice; "besides, that's not
> a regular rule: you invented it just now."
>    "It's the oldest rule in the book," said the King.
>    "Then it ought to be Number One," said Alice.

Does anybody have a collection of occurances of 42? (before and after
The Guide). If not, I would like to receive any odd bits you might know.
postings to alt.fan.douglas.adams.


--
    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38559
From: se92psh@brunel.ac.uk (Peter Hauke)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

joachim lous (joachim@kih.no) wrote:
: ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:

: > Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

Yep, here's a theory that I once heard bandied around.  Rather than thinking
of the number think of the sound. For Tea Two. A sort of anagram on Tea For Two,
Two for Tea, For Tea Two.

:-)

Peter


-- 
***********************************
* Peter Hauke @ Brunel University *
*---------------------------------*
*      se92psh@brunel.ac.uk       *
***********************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38560
From: jr0930@eve.albany.edu (REGAN JAMES P)
Subject: Re: Pascal-Fractals

Apparently, my editor didn't do what I wanted it to do, so I'll try again.

i'm looking for any programs or code to do simple animation and/or
drawing using fractals in TurboPascal for an IBM
              Thanks in advance
-- 
 |||||||||||   		 	   ||||||||||| 
_|||||||||||_______________________|||||||||||_      jr0930@eve.albany.edu
-|||||||||||-----------------------|||||||||||-     jr0930@Albnyvms.bitnet
 |||||||||||  GO HEAVY OR GO HOME  |||||||||||

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38561
From: schmidt@PrakInf.TH-Ilmenau.DE (Schmidt)
Subject: irit to pov ?

Has anybody made a converter from irit's .irt or .dat format to
 .pov format ?

Thanks!

-- 
Sebastian Schmidt			
TU Ilmenau Institut f. praktische Informatik 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38562
From: cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk (Sunil Gupta)
Subject: Re: RTrace 8.2.0

Comp. Graphics/CAD (cgcad@bart.inescn.pt) wrote:
: There is a new version of the RTrace ray-tracing package (8.2.0) at
: asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory pub/RTrace.
: Check the README file.

cant seem to reach the site from over here:

>#ping 192.35.246.17
>ICMP Net Unreachable from gateway nsn-FIX-pe.sura.net (192.80.214.253)
>for icmp from ccws-24.brunel.ac.uk (134.83.176.30) to 192.35.246.17

Is it possible for you to upload to a more mainstream ftp place?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38563
From: jbickers@templar.actrix.gen.nz (John Bickers)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

Quoted from <1993Apr20.125147.10665@genes.icgeb.trieste.it> by oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it (Jacques Oberto):

> file, check in the 'graphics' directories under *grasp.  The problem 
> is that the .clp files you generate cannot be decoded by any of 
> the many pd format converters I have used. Any hint welcome!

    The gl2p1.lzh stuff under gfx/show on the Aminet sites includes a
    utility called pic2hl, that is a filter for HamLab that can handle
    the most commonly used kinds of .PIC and .CLP files.

    The biggest problem is that the .CLP files don't usually contain a
    palette, so you need to convert a .PIC with the right palette
    first (which creates a "ram:picpal" file), and then convert the
    .CLP files.

> Jacques Oberto  <oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it>
--
*** John Bickers, TAP.                   jbickers@templar.actrix.gen.nz ***
***    "Radioactivity - It's in the air, for you and me" - Kraftwerk    ***

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38564
From: borst@cs.utwente.nl (Pim Borst)
Subject: PBM-PLUS sources, where?

Hi everybody,

Can anyone name an anonymous ftp-site where I can find the sources
of the PBM-PLUS package (portable bit/gray/pixel map).
I would like to compile and run it on a Sun Sparcstation.

Thanks!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38565
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? What good are they ?

In article <mdpyssc.2@fs1.mcc.ac.uk> mdpyssc@fs1.mcc.ac.uk (Sue Cunningham)  
writes:
> We have been using Iterated Systems compression board to compress 
> pathology images and are getting ratios of 40:1 to 70:1 without too
> much loss in quality. It is taking about 4 mins per image to compress,
> on a 25Mhz 486 but decompression is almost real time on a 386 in software 
> alone.

How does that compare with JPEG on the same images and hardware as far
as size, speed, and image quality are concerned?

Despite my skeptical and sometimes nearly rabid postings
criticizing Barnsley and company, I am very interested in the
technique.  If I weren't I probably wouldn't be so critical. :-)

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38566
Subject: Re: univesa driver
From: djlewis@ualr.edu

In article <13622@news.duke.edu>, seth@north13.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman) writes:
> 
> 	I got the univesa driver available over the net. I thought that finally
> my 1-meg oak board would be able to show 680x1024 256 colors. Unfortunately a
> program still says that I can't do this. Is it the fault of the program (fractint)
> or is there something wrong with my card.
> 	univesa- a free driver available over the net that makes many boards
> vesa compatible. 
WHATS THIS  680x1024 256 color mode? Asking a lot of your hardware ?

Don Lewis
<djlewis@ualr.edu>


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38567
From: amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann)
Subject: Re: more on radiosity

In article 66319@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU, xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao) writes:
>
>
>In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
>|>
>|>
>|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
>|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
>|> I finished it.
>|>
>|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
>|> to finish it.
>
>
> Are you using the traditional radiosity method, progressive refinement, or
>  something else in your package?
>

My package is based on several articles about non-standard radiosity and
some unpublished methods.

The main articles are:

-  Cohen, Chen, Wallace, Greenberg : 
    A Progressive Refinement Approach to fast Radiosity Image Generation
     Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH), V. 22(No. 4), pp 75-84, August 1988

-  Silion, Puech
    A General Two-Pass Method Integrating Specular and Diffuse Reflection
    Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH), V23(No. 3), pp335-344, July 1989 

> If you need to project patches on the hemi-cube surfaces, what technique are
>  you using?  Do you have hardware to facilitate the projection?
>

I do not use hemi-cubes. I have no special hardware (SUN SPARCstation).

>
>|>
>|> In the meantime you may have a look at the file
>|>   Radiosity_code.tar.Z
>|> located at
>|>   compute1.cc.ncsu.edu
>
>
>  What are the guest username and password for this ftp site?
>

Use anonymous as username and your e-mail address as password.

>
>|>
>|> (there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)
>|>
>|> Hope that'll help.
>|>
>|> Yours
>|>
>|> Stephan
>|>
>
>
>   Thanks, Stephan.
>
>
>    Josephine


Stephan.


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Stephan Amann     SIG Computer Graphics, University of Berne, Switzerland
           amann@iam.unibe.ch
	   Tel +41 31 65 46 79	   Fax +41 31 65 39 65

 Projects: Radiosity, Raytracing, Computer Graphics

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38568
Subject: XV for MS-DOS !!!
From: NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch

Hi !!! This is the response for Wayne Michael...and certainly for other-one :-)


I'm sorry for...

    1)  The late of the answer but I couldn't find xv221 for msdos 'cause 
	I forgot the address...but I've retrieve it..

    2)  Posting this answer here in comp.graphics 'cause I can't use e-mail,
	not yet....

   2) My bad english 'cause I'm a Swiss and my language is french....


After a long time I retrieve the address where you can find XV for Dos...

	Site	: omnigate.clarkson.edu
	Aliases	: grape.ecs.clarkson.edu
	Number	: 128.153.4.2

	/pub/msdos/djgpp/pub

	it's xv221.zip (?) I think...


Certainly you read the other answer from Kevin Martin... He write about DV/X 
(?). 

    What is it ?????? Could Someone answer ????
	
	Thanx in advance.... 

-- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------
*								    *
*  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *
*  Ecole d'ingnieur ETS	|	(Not Available at this time)*
*  2400 Le LOCLE		|				    *
*  Suisse 							    *
*		     !!!! Enjoy COMPUTER !!!!			    *
*								    *
---------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38569
From: fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr (FOMBARON marc)
Subject: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
Thank you for helping

Marc.
-- 
      _/_/  _/_/   e-mail : Marc.Fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr
     _/ _/_/ _/
    _/  _/  _/  _/     _/    _/_/_/   _/_/_/_/   _/  _/_/_/_/  Marc Fombaron.
   _/      _/  _/     _/  _/      _/ _/     _/  _/  _/     _/  Grenoble.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38570
From: freemant@dcs.glasgow.ac.uk (Toby Freeman,TJF,G151,3344813,OCT95, )
Subject: Re: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL

>Does anyone know of software that will allow
>you to convert CorelDraw (.CDR) files
>containing bitmaps to SCODAL, as this is the
>only format our bureau's filmrecorder recognises.
>
>Jeff Lyall

I used this combination for a while - A QCR-Z recorder,
I think - and as far as I remember Corel can EXPORT in
SCODAL (.scd) format.  Just select 'EXPORT' on the main
file menu.  This may not be implemented in earlier versions,
of course, in which case you're on your own!!!

Also, I seem to think that the s/w for the QCR-Z (at the time)
did strange (and very undesirable) things if ANY part of the
pic was outside the screen area on Corel.  I once spent an
afternoon painfully discovering that ONE pixel had somehow
strayed off-screen, causing my whole slide to be blank!!!

The QCR-Z also couldn't handle grad-fill over grad-fill -
so if you use a graduated colour background, if you then
grad-fill an object on top of this, the fill appears on the
final slide as a circle (I think) and TOTALLY IGNORES the
shape of the object being filled!!!

Of course, if the recorder isn't a QCR, you can ignore all
this and feel suitably :-)

Cheers, Toby.
____________________________________._.____._.__________._.__________._.______
____________________________________!  \__/  !__________!_!__________! !______
___!                            !___! . \/ . !___.__.___._.___.___._.! !__.___
___! Toby Freeman               !___! !\  /! !__/ __ \__! !__/ .__!_!. .__!___
___! Glasgow University         !___! !_\/_! !_! !__! !_! !_! <__.___! !______
___! freemant@uk.ac.glasgow.dcs !___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !__\___ \__! !______
___!____________________________!___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !_.____> !_! !__.___
____________________________________!_!____!_!__\____/__!_!_!_____/___\___!___


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38571
From: lulagos@cipres.cec.uchile.cl (admirador)
Subject: OAK VGA 1Mb. Please, I needd VESA TSR!!! 8^)


	Hi there!...
		Well, i have a 386/40 with SVGA 1Mb. (OAK chip 077) and i don't
		have VESA TSR program for this card. I need it . 
			Please... if anybody can help me, mail me at:
			lulagos@araucaria.cec.uchile.cl

												Thanks.
													Mackk. 
   _   /| 
   \'o.O' 
   =(___)=
      U   
     Ack!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38572
From: luis.nobrega@filebank.cts.com (Luis Nobrega) 
Subject: PC PAINTBRUSH IV+

I am trying to configure Zsoft's PC Paintbrush IV+ for use with my
Logitech Scanman 32 (hand scanner), but I can't get Paintbrush to
acknowledge the scanner. Is there anybody out there using Paintbrush
with a scanner, if so, can you help me out?
                                Thanks Luis Nobrega
                                                                                      
----
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*
| The File Bank BBS - 619-728-4318 - PCBoard v.14.5a/E10 - USR HST & DS    |
| 8 nodes / RIME / Internet / Largest Clipper file collection in the world |
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38573
From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: XV for MS-DOS !!!

NOE-MAILADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch wrote:
> I'm sorry for...

>     1)  The late of the answer but I couldn't find xv221 for msdos 'cause 
> 	I forgot the address...but I've retrieve it..

>     2)  Posting this answer here in comp.graphics 'cause I can't use e-mail,
>    ^^^  not yet....

>    2) My bad english 'cause I'm a Swiss and my language is french....
    ^^^
If french is your language, try counting in french in stead, maybe
it will work better.... :-)

    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38574
From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
: >"current directory".

: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

I posted this as well before the cview "expert".  Apparently, he thought he
knew better.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38575
From: emarciniak@email.bony.com
Subject: Image of pictures...

Hi there,
  I am looking for advice on software/hardware package for making, 
storing and processing of pictures. The ideal software would allow me to
cahnge size of the picture, edit it ( it means add text below, above...) 
and the most important is it would have DOS command interface...
Thank you in advance...
emanuel marciniak
the bank of new york.. 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38576
From: raynor@cs.scarolina.edu (Harold Brian Raynor)
Subject: Help needed on hidden line removal


I am looking for some information of hidden line removal using Roberts
algorithm.  Something with code, or pseudo code would be especially
helpful.

I am required to do this for a class, due Monday (we have very little
time to implement these changes, it is a VERY FAST paced class).  The
notes given in class leave a LOT to be desired, so I would vastly
appreciate any help.

Actually any algorithm would be nice (Roberts or no).  The main problem
is two objects intersecting in x and y dimensions, need to know which
lines to clip off so that one object will appear in front of another.

If you can give me an ftp address and filename, or even the name of a
good book, I'd REALLY appreciate it.

Thanks,
Brian Raynor


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38577
From: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu (Ed Stastny)
Subject: The OTIS Project (FTP sites for original art and images)


	-------------------------------------
	+ ............The OTIS Project '93  +      
	+ "The Operative Term Is STIMULATE" + 
	-------------------------------------
	---this file last updated..4-21-93---


WHAT IS OTIS?

OTIS is here for the purpose of distributing original artwork
and photographs over the network for public perusal, scrutiny,    
and distribution.  Digital immortality.

The basic idea behind "digital immortality" is that computer networks   
are here to stay and that anything interesting you deposit on them
will be around near-forever.  The GIFs and JPGs of today will be the
artifacts of a digital future.  Perhaps they'll be put in different
formats, perhaps only surviving on backup tapes....but they'll be
there...and someone will dig them up.  
 
If that doesn't interest you... OTIS also offers a forum for critique
and exhibition of your works....a virtual art gallery that never closes
and exists in an information dimension where your submissions will hang
as wallpaper on thousands of glowing monitors.  Suddenly, life is 
breathed into your work...and by merit of it's stimulus, it will 
travel the globe on pulses of light and electrons.
 
Spectators are welcome also, feel free to browse the gallery and 
let the artists know what you think of their efforts.  Keep your own
copies of the images to look at when you've got the gumption...
that's what they're here for.

---------------------------------------------------------------

WHERE?             

OTIS currently (as of 4/21/93) has two FTP sites.  
 
 	141.214.4.135 (projects/otis), the UWI site
		
	sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS), the SUNsite 
	(you can also GOPHER to this site for OTIS as well)

Merely "anonymous FTP" to either site on Internet and change to the
appropriate directory.  Don't forget to get busy and use the "bin"
command to make sure you're in binary.

OTIS has also been spreading to some dial-up BBS systems around North
America....the following systems have a substancial supply of
OTIStuff...
	Underground Cafe (Omaha) (402.339.0179) 2 lines
	CyberDen (SanFran?) (415.472.5527)  Usenet Waffle-iron

--------------------------------------------------------------
 
HOW DO YOU CONTRIBUTE?
              
What happens is...you draw a pretty picture or take a lovely   
photo, get it scanned into an image file, then either FTP-put
it in the CONTRIB/Incoming directory or use UUENCODE to send it to me
(email addresses at eof) in email.  After the image is received,
it will be put into the correct directory.  Computer originated works
are also welcome.

OTIS' directories house two types of image files, GIF and JPG.  
GIF and JPG files require, oddly enough, a GIF or JPG viewer to 
see.  These viewers are available for all types of computers at 
most large FTP sites around Internet.  JPG viewers are a bit
tougher to find.  If you can't find one, but do have a GIF viewer,  
you can obtain a JPG-to-GIF conversion program which will change    
JPG files to a standard GIF format. 

OTIS also accepts animation files.      

When you submit image files, please send me email at the same time
stating information about what you uploaded and whether it is to be
used (in publications or other projects) or if it is merely for people
to view.  Also, include some biographical information on yourself, we'll
be having info-files on each contributing artist and their works.  You 
can also just upload a text-file of info about yourself (instead of 
emailing).

If you have pictures, but no scanner, there is hope.  Merely send
copies to:

The OTIS Project
c/o Ed Stastny
PO BX 241113
Omaha, NE 68124-1113

I will either scan them myself or get them to someone who will  
scan them.  Include an ample SASE if you want your stuff back.  
Also include information on each image, preferably a 1-3 line 
description of the image that we can include in the infofile in the
directory where it's finally put.  If you have preferences as to what
the images are to be named, include those as well.  
 
Conversely, if you have a scanner and would like to help out, please
contact me and we'll arrange things.

If you want to submit your works by disk, peachy.  Merely send a 3.5"
disk to the above address (Omaha) and a SASE if you want your disk back.
This is good for people who don't have direct access to encoders or FTP,
but do have access to a scanner.  We accept disks in either Mac or IBM
compatible format.  If possible, please submit image files as GIF or
JPG.  If you can't...we can convert from most formats...we'd just rather
not have to.

At senders request, we can also fill disks with as much OTIS as they
can stand.  Even if you don't have stuff to contribute, you can send
a blank disk and an SASE (or $2.50 for disk, postage and packing) to 
get a slab-o-OTIS.

As of 04/21/93, we're at about 18 megabytes of files, and growing.  
Email me for current archive size and directory.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

DISTRIBUTION?

The images distributed by the OTIS project may be distributed freely   
on the condition that the original filename is kept and that it is
not altered in any way (save to convert from one image format to
another).  In fact, we encourage files to be distributed to local 
bulletin boards and such.  If you could, please transport the
appropriate text files along with the images.  
 
It would also be nice if you'd send me a note when you did post images
from OTIS to your local bbs.  I just want to keep track of them so
participants can have some idea how widespread their stuff is.

It's the purpose of OTIS to get these images spread out as much as
possible.  If you have the time, please upload a few to your favorite
BBS system....or even just post this "info-file" there.  It would be
keen of you.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

USE?

If you want to use any of the works you find on the OTIS directory,
you'll have to check to see if permission has been granted and the 
stipulations of the permission (such as free copy of publication, or
full address credit).  You will either find this in the ".rm" file for    
the image or series of images...or in the "Artists" directory under the 
Artists name.  If permission isn't explicitly given, then you'll have 
to contact the artist to ask for it.  If no info is available, email
me (ed@cwis.unomaha.edu), and I'll get in contact with the artist for 
you, or give you their contact information.
 
When you DO use permitted work, it's always courteous to let the artist
know about it, perhaps even send them a free copy or some such
compensation for their files.

---------------------------------------------------------------------

NAMING IMAGES?

Please keep the names of your files in "dos" format.  That means, keep
the filename (before .jpg or .gif) to eight characters or less.  The way
I usually do it is to use the initials of the artist, plus a three or
four digit "code" for the series of images, plus the series number.
Thus, Leonardo DeVinci's fifth mechanical drawing would be something
like:
 
	ldmek5.gif     OR    ldmek5.jpg    OR    ldmech5.gif   ETC

Keeping the names under 8 characters assures that the filename will
remain intact on all systems.  


---------------------------------------------------------------------- 

CREATING IMAGE FILES?

When creating image files, be sure to at least include your name
somewhere on or below the picture.  This gives people a reference in
case they'd like to contact you.  You may also want to include a title,
address or other information you'd like people to know.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

HMMM?!

That's about it for now.  More "guidelines" will be added as needed.
Your input is expected.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DISCLAIMER:  The OTIS Project has no connection to the Church of OTIS  
 	     (a sumerian deity) or it's followers, be they pope, priest,
	     or ezine administrator.  We do take sacrifices and donations
	     however.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DISCLAIMER:  The OTIS Project is here for the distribution of original 
 	     image files.  The files will go to the public at large.  
	     It's possible, as with any form of mass-media, that someone
	     could unscrupulously use your images for financial gain.  
    	     Unless you've given permission for that, it's illegal.  OTIS
	     takes no responsibility for this.  In simple terms, all rights
	     revert to the author/artist.  To leave an image on OTIS is to 
	     give permission for it to be viewed, copied and distributed 
	     electronically.  If you don't want your images distributed     
	     all-over, don't upload them.  To leave an image on OTIS is
	     NOT giving permission to have it used in any publication or
	     broadcast that incurs profit (this includes, but is not 
	     limited to, magazines, newsletters, clip-art software,        
	     screen-printed clothing, etc).  You must give specific
	     permission for this sort of usage.  

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Remember, the operative term is "stimulate".  If you know of people
that'd be interested in this sort of thing...get them involved...kick'm
in the booty....offer them free food...whatever...

....e  (ed@cwis.unomaha.edu)
       (ed@sunsite.unc.edu)

--
Ed Stastny           | OTIS Project, END PROCESS, SOUND News and Arts 
PO BX 241113	     | FTP: sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS)
Omaha, NE 68124-1113 |      141.214.4.135 (projects/otis)
---------------------- EMail: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu, ed@sunsite.unc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38578
From: KINDER@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu (JIM COBB)
Subject: ET 4000 /W32 VL-Bus Cards

Does anyone know of a VL-Bus video card based on the ET4000 /W32 card?
If so: how much will it cost, where can I get one, does it come with more
than 1MB of ram, and what is the windows performance like?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38579
From: mart4678@mach1.wlu.ca (Phil Martin u)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
: Just curious.
: 
: 
: Daemon
: 

Yes. I also like knowing where to go to ask a question without getting
hell for putting it in the wrong newsgroup.

Phil Martin.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38580
From: S_BRAUN@IRAV19.ira.uka.de (Thomas Braun)
Subject: sources for shading wanted

I'm looking for shading methods and algorithms.
Please let me know if you know where to get source codes for that.

Thanks a lot!

Thomas


+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                   Thomas Braun, Universitaet Karlsruhe                      |
|                    E-Mail : S_BRAUN@iravcl.ira.uka.de                       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_     Thomas Braun                                        |
|       \_     \_   \_    University Karlsruhe, Germany                      |
|        \_     \_\_\_     email:                                            |
|         \_     \_   \_    - S_Braun@iravcl.ira.uka.de                      |
|          \_     \_\_\_     - UKAY@dkauni2.bitnet                           |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
                         

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38581
From: dstampe@psych.toronto.edu (Dave Stampe)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

sol.surv.utas.edu.au (Stephen Quan) writes:

>>>>[...], but I'm looking for a fast polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>>>A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, [...]
>
>Hi, I've come across a fast triangle fill-draw routine for mode 13h.  By
>calling this routine enough times, you have a fast polygon drawing routine.
>
>I think I ftp'ed from wuarchive.wustl.edu:/pub/MSDOS_UPLOADS/programming.
>I have a copy of it so I reupload it there.  The triangle.txt file has this
>to say :
>
>>  C and inline assembly source for a VGA mode 13h triangle drawer.
>
Another source:  There's a poly blitter for mode y (mode x in 320x200)
at sunee.uwaterloo.ca.  Also there is REND386, an even faster 3D
renderer with VR extensions.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| My life is Hardware,                    |         Dave Stampe          | 
| my destiny is Software,                 | dstampe@psych.toronto.edu    |
| my CPU is Wetware...                    | dstampe@sunee.uwaterloo.ca   | 
| Am I a techno-psychologist, or just a psycho-engineer ??               |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38582
From: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov (Chris Johnston)
Subject: One day graphics/composites seminar

SAMPE, NCGA, The University of Akron, and NASA Lewis Research Center
is sponsoring:

                      COMPUTERS AND COMPOSITES

	A one-day seminar devoted to practical applications of
	computer workstations for efficient processing, design, and
			Manufacture of composites

May 18, 1993
at
 The University of Akron
  Akron, Ohio

Speakers on:
 Advancement in Graphics Visualization   Dr. Jay Horowitz, NASA
 Integrated Product Development with     Mr. Michael R. Cowen
  Network Workstations		          Sikorski Aircraft
 Structural Analysis			 Mr. Brian Fite, NASA
 Stereolithography			 Mr. Jason Williams, Penn State-Erie
 Molecular and Physical Modeling	 Dr. Vassilios Galiatsato,
  of Polymer Curing                       University of Akron
 Process Modeling of Polymer
  Matrix Composites			 Dr Ram Upadhyay, GE Corporate R&D

Registration Fees: $75.00 Advance, $100.00 on site (Includes box lunch)

Contact Gary Roberts, NASA Lewis Research Center (216) 433-344
or write:
	SAMPE Regional Seminar
	c/o Gary Roberts
	NASA Lewis Research Center
	21000 Brookpark Rd MS 49-1
	Cleveland, Ohio 44135

Or Email to me, | and I'll get it to Gary.
		|
	        \/
-- 
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chris Johnston                  (216) 433-5029                            |
| Materials Engineer		  (216) 433-5033                            |
| NASA Lewis Research Center   Internet: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov          |
| 21000 Brookpark Rd MS 105-1		 				    |
| Cleveland, OH 4413 USA	Resistance is futile!			    |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38583
From: haberj@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Haber Joerg)
Subject: ray tracing spline surfaces


Hi net!
Due to further investigation I would like to study the following article:
	Peterson, "Ray tracing general B-Splines",
	Proc. ACM Mountain Regional Conference, April 1986
Unfortunately I didn't find it in any library's register.
If there is anyone having access to this paper or knowing about a
library containing those proceedings (preferrably in Germany), please 
let me know! Any help would be appreciated! 

Thanks a lot, 
Joerg Haber

--
  Joerg Haber                	haberj@mathematik.tu-muenchen.de
  Mathematisches Institut
  TU Muenchen

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38584
From: nahess@mir.gatech.edu (Nicholas A. Hess)
Subject: Hitatchi Raster Format (HRF)?

 Our shop uses a package called CADCore - very good - to scan and
subsequently vectorize original maps into digital maps. The problem is that
once the raster file is loaded into the CADCore package, a header is added
to the .HRF file which makes it unreadable by the supplied converter. We
would like to be able to ship some of the already-altered raster images for
further use on our workstations. So, here are my questions:

 (1) What is the Hitachi format? - I need this format so I can recognize
precisely what to strip out. I strongly suspect that it's a compressed
format - if so, then t might not be possible for me to strip out the
offending header.

 (2) Are there any UNIX packages that read and recognize HRF? It would be
really nice to find some sort of "hrftopbm" converter out there. ;)

 I've already searched some of the more well-known ftp sites which contain
graphics formats documentation, with no luck. So, if you know, or knwo
someone who knows - please email! Thanks.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38585
From: echen@burn.ee.washington.edu (Ed Chen)
Subject: Windows BMP to Sun raster or others?

Hi,


Anyone has a converter from BMP to any format that xview or xv can

handle?  This converter must run Unix..  I looked at the FAQ and downloaded
several packages but had no luck...  thanks in advance.

ed

echen@burn.ee.washington.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38586
From: thester@nyx.cs.du.edu (Uncle Fester)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <5103@moscom.com> mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar) writes:
>Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
>: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
>: >"current directory".
>
>: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
>: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
>: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
>: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.
>
>I posted this as well before the cview "expert".  Apparently, he thought
he
>knew better.
>
>Matthew Zenkar
>mz@moscom.com


     Are we talking about ColorView for DOS here?  
     I have version 2.0 and it writes the temp files to its own
     current directory.
     What later versions do, I admit that I don't know.
     Assuming your "expert" referenced above is talking about
     the version that I have, then I'd say he is correct.
     Is the ColorView for unix what is being discussed?
     Just mixed up, confused, befuddled, but genuinely and
     entirely curious....

     Uncle Fester

--
           :     What God Wants      :  God wants gigolos          :
           :        God gets         :  God wants giraffes         :
           :     God help us all     :  God wants politics         :
           : *thester@nyx.cs.du.edu* :  God wants a good laugh     :

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38587
From: beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert)
Subject: Photoshop for Windows



I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?

Any comments would be greatly appreciated..

Thank you.

Andre Boisvert
beaver@rot.qc.ca


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38588
From: ch41@prism.gatech.EDU (claye hart)
Subject: graphics libraries

I am interested in a 2d/3d graphics library which will allow our design
team to write graphics software for Unix workstations and be as portable as 
possible.  Eventually this software will have to be moved to Microsoft
Windows.  It is my opinion that a good API with hooks to PEX underneath
would prove most portable.

Does anyone out there have any experience with Figaro+ form TGS or
HOOPS from Ithaca Software?  I would appreciate any comments.

- Claye Hart

-- 
Claye K. Hart 404-894-9729
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!prism!ch41
Internet: claye.hart@gtri.gatech.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38590
From: tlc@cx5.com
Subject: .SCF files, help needed



I've got an old demo disk that I need to view. It was made using RIX Softworks.  
The files on the two diskette set end with: .scf

The demo was VGA resolution (256 colors), but I don't know the spatial  
resolution.

First problem: When I try to run the demo, the screen has two black bars that  
cut across (horizontally) the screen, in the top third and bottom third of the  
screen. The bars are about 1-inch wide. Other than this, the demo (the  
animation part) seems to be running fine.

Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display  
these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf  
files.

The system I am using: 486clone, Diamond Speedstar 24, Sony monitor.

Any suggestions?

Thank You,
T. Castro
tlc@cx5.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38591
From: u122743@twncu865.ncu.edu.tw
Subject: QUESTION: Video Projector

I am setting up a video-aid for a computer room for the teacher to share his
display with the class.

I have seen people using video projector, TV sets and large monitor to do
presentations before. I am told that there are three ways to connect video
projector: composite, Y/C & RGB.

Can anyone explain to me the difference and their likely costs?

Please reply to my INETNET E-mail account as well as posting in bulletin:
u129008@sparc20.nuc.edu.tw

I also like to know if there are TELNET or KERMIT for windows.

Tim Chen

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38592
From: Mark A. Cartwright <markc@emx.utexas.edu>
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Well,

42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.

Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...

--
Mark A. Cartwright, N5SNP
University of Texas @ Austin
Computation Center, Graphics Facility
markc@emx.utexas.edu
markc@sirius.cc.utexas.edu
markc@hermes.chpc.utexas.edu
(512)-471-3241 x 362

PP-ASEL 9-92

a.) "Often in error, never in doubt."
b.) "This situation has no gravity, I would like a refund please."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38593
From: buck@HQ.Ileaf.COM (David Buchholz x3252)
Subject: Looking for WMF Converter


I'm looking for any leads to the source of a good Windows
Meta File converter or interpreter. I need this for use
outside the Windows environment. PD sources preferred, but
not a requirement. Please reply to the address below.


David Buchholz               Internet: buck@ileaf.com
Product Manager                  uucp: uunet!leafusa!buck
Interleaf, Inc.                 voice: 617.290.4990 x-3252




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38594
From: kimd@rs6401.ecs.rpi.edu (Daniel Chungwan Kim)
Subject: WANTED: Super 8mm Projector with SOUNDS

	I am looking for Super 8mm Projector with SOUNDS.
If anybody out there has one for sale, send email with
the name of brand, condition of the projector, and price
for sale to kimd@rpi.edu
(IT MUST HAVE SOUND CAPABILITY)

Danny
kimd@rpi.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38595
From: srlnjal@grace.cri.nz
Subject: CorelDraw BITMAP to SCODAL (2)


Yes I am aware CorelDraw exports in SCODAL.
Version 2 did it quite well, apart from a
few hassles with radial fills. Version 3 RevB
is better but if you try to export in SCODAL
with a bitmap image included in the drawing
it will say something like "cannot export
SCODAL with bitmap"- at least it does on my
version.
 If anyone out there knows a way around this
I am all ears.
 Temporal images make a product called Filmpak
which converts Autocad plots to SCODAL, postscript
to SCODAL and now GIF to SCODAL but it costs $650
and I was just wondering if there was anything out
there that just did the bitmap to SCODAL part a tad
cheaper.

Jeff Lyall
Inst.Geo.&.Nuc.Sci.Ltd
Lower Hutt New Zealand


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38596
From: billj@b11.b11.ingr.com (Bill Jones)
Subject: Re: Need specs/info on Apple QuickTime

add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray) writes:

>I need to get the specs, or at least a very verbose interpretation of the
>specs, for QuickTime.  Technical articles from magazines and references to
>books would be nice too.

>I also need the specs in a format usable on a Unix or MS-DOS system.  I can't
>do much with the QuickTime stuff they have on ftp.apple.com in its present
>format.

Apple just released the Quicktime volume of the new Inside Macintosh series.
Any bookstore with reasonable technical stock should have it.

Bill Jones
billj@beowulf.b11.ingr.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38597
From: bio1@navi.up.ac.za (Fourie Joubert)
Subject: Image Analysis for PC

Hi

I am looking for Image Analysis software running in DOS or Windows. I'd like 
to be able to analyze TIFF or similar files to generate histograms of 
patterns, etc. 

Any help would be appreciated!

__________________________________________________________________________

     _/_/_/_/  _/_/_/_/_/ Fourie Joubert           
    _/            _/    Department of Biochemistry
   _/            _/    University of Pretoria
  _/_/_/_/      _/    bio1@navi.up.ac.za
 _/            _/
_/      _/_/_/_/
__________________________________________________________________________


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38598
From: s127@ii.uib.no (Torgeir Veimo)
Subject: Re: sources for shading wanted

In article <1r3ih5INNldi@irau40.ira.uka.de>, S_BRAUN@IRAV19.ira.uka.de 
(Thomas Braun) writes:
|> I'm looking for shading methods and algorithms.
|> Please let me know if you know where to get source codes for that.

'Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery' by Roy Hall contains c
source for several famous illumination models, including Bouknight, Phong,
Blinn, Whitted, and Hall illumination models. If you want an introduction to
shading you might look through the book 'Writing a Raytracer' edited by
Glassner. Also, the book 'Procedural elements for Computer Graphics' by Rogers
is a good reference. Source for code in these book are available on the net i 
believe, you might check out nic.funet.fi or some site closer to you carrying 
graphics related stuff. 

Hope this is what you were asking for.
-- 
Torgeir Veimo

Studying at the University of Bergen

"...I'm gona wave my freak flag high!" (Jimi Hendrix)

"...and it would be okay on any other day!" (The Police)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38599
From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
: >"current directory".

: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

This is what I posted that cview uses the root directory of the drive
cview is on.  However, since It has so much trouble reading large files
from floppy, I suspect that it uses the root directory of the drive the
image files are on.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38600
From: kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA (Kardan Kaveh)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

I haven't been following this thread, so appologies if this has already been
mentioned, but how about

	comp.graphics.3d

-- 
Kaveh Kardan
kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38601
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Fast wireframe graphics


In article <C5tK4u.C6t@cs.columbia.edu>, ykim@cs.columbia.edu (Yong Su Kim) writes:
|> 
|> I am working on a program to display 3d wireframe models with the user
|> being able to arbitrarily change any of the viewing parameters.  Also,
|> the wireframe objects are also going to have dynamic attributes so
|> that they can move around while the user is "exploring" the wireframe
|> world.

	Why don't you consider PHIGS in X or PEX lib?

	Yeh
	USC


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38602
From: renner@adobe.com (John Renner)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <19930420.090030.915@almaden.ibm.com> capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Capelli) writes:
>In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
>>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
>
>See:
>   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
>   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
>   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.

I've used that reference, and found that I needed to go to their
original tech report:

	Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
	"Characterizing Cubic Bezier Curves"
	Xerox  EDL-88-8, December 1988

This report can be obtained for free from:
Xerox Corporation
Palo Alto Research Center
3333 Coyote Hill Road
Palo Alto, California 94303
+1-415-494-4440

The TOG paper was good, but this tech report had more interesting details ;-)

-john

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38603
From: prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk (Martin Preston)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In <C5sCGu.1LL@mentor.cc.purdue.edu> ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:

>I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
>My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
>infinitely easier to write than to read,...

Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.

Martin

--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Martin Preston,      (m.preston@manchester.ac.uk)    | Computer Graphics |
|Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, |    is just        |
|University of Manchester,                            |  a load of balls. |
|Manchester, U.K., M13 9PL     Phone : 061 275 6095   |                   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38604
From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Subject: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?


I am in the market for a 24-bit graphics card for a PC (ISA bus), and
was wondering if anyone had any comments (good? bad? otherwise?) regarding
the Diamond Stealth 24?  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38605
Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....
From: dane@nermal.santarosa.edu (Dane Jasper)

Edward d Nobles (ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU) wrote:

: I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
: SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
: jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
..
: Just want to see the darn things in real color...

I have an ATI ultra pro card, and have found that the easiest way to view
true color images is using their windows drivers and something like winjpeg
or photofinish.  

If anyone has a non-windows solution, I'd love to hear it!

Dane

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38606
From: jroberts@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Robertson)
Subject: ATI GUP and Graphics Wkshop/Win

I have an ATI Graph. Ultra Pro VLB w/2 megs, and have a small question
about Graphics Workshop for Windows.  When I exit from it it says my
current driver can handle on 32768 colors when I am actually in 
1024x768x65000 color mode.  Is this a driver problem, a GWS error, or
what?  I am using the 1.5(59) driver under Win 3.1.  It correctly
states that I can display 16M colors when I switch to 800x600x24bit,
though.
Another question- Anybody know of any Viewers that support this card
other than Windows viewers?
Any help would be appreciated.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38607
From: dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
>
>
>I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
>for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
>a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
>
>Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
>
>Thank you.
>
>Andre Boisvert
>beaver@rot.qc.ca
>
An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
and PhotoShop for Windows.  David


-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38608
From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>
Subject: Targa format-->text file

  Does anyone know how to convert a targa or similar 24 bit picture into a list
 of R G B values and then convert back to targa after doing operations on the p
ixels R G B codes.
ex.  Targa ---->000100255pixel 1
001200201pixel 2etc....
If no one can help me with this could someone explain how the 24 bit data is st
ored in the targa file and also how its stored in the 8 bit targas.   Thanks

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38609
From: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Robert Lipman)
Subject: Call for presentations: Navy SciViz/VR seminar

**********************************************************************

		      2ND CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS
	
      NAVY SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION AND VIRTUAL REALITY SEMINAR

			Tuesday, June 22, 1993

	    Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center
	      (formerly the David Taylor Research Center)

			  Bethesda, Maryland

**********************************************************************

SPONSOR: NESS (Navy Engineering Software System) is sponsoring a 
one-day Navy Scientific Visualization and Virtual Reality Seminar.  
The purpose of the seminar is to present and exchange information for
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality programs, 
research, developments, and applications.

PRESENTATIONS: Presentations are solicited on all aspects of 
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality.  All 
current work, works-in-progress, and proposed work by Navy 
organizations will be considered.  Four types of presentations are 
available.

     1. Regular presentation: 20-30 minutes in length
     2. Short presentation: 10 minutes in length
     3. Video presentation: a stand-alone videotape (author need not 
	attend the seminar)
     4. Scientific visualization or virtual reality demonstration (BYOH)

Accepted presentations will not be published in any proceedings, 
however, viewgraphs and other materials will be reproduced for 
seminar attendees.

ABSTRACTS: Authors should submit a one page abstract and/or videotape to:

     Robert Lipman
     Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division
     Code 2042
     Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000

     VOICE (301) 227-3618;  FAX (301) 227-5753  
     E-MAIL  lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil

Authors should include the type of presentation, their affiliations, 
addresses, telephone and FAX numbers, and addresses.  Multi-author 
papers should designate one point of contact.

**********************************************************************
DEADLINES: The abstact submission deadline is April 30, 1993.  
Notification of acceptance will be sent by May 14, 1993.  
Materials for reproduction must be received by June 1, 1993.
**********************************************************************

For further information, contact Robert Lipman at the above address.

**********************************************************************

	  PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS WIDELY AS POSSIBLE, THANKS.

**********************************************************************


Robert Lipman                     | Internet: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil
David Taylor Model Basin - CDNSWC |       or: lip@ocean.dt.navy.mil
Computational Signatures and      | Voicenet: (301) 227-3618
   Structures Group, Code 2042    | Factsnet: (301) 227-5753
Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000    | Phishnet: stockings@long.legs
				   
The sixth sick shiek's sixth sheep's sick.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38610
From: fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu (David Fox)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

   Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
   doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
   this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
   different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
   a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
   for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
   Just curious.

I disagree.  You could learn the same amount by reading all the
split groups, and it would make things easier for those of us
who are less omnivorous.  There is no "waste" in creating news
groups -- its just a bit of shuffling about.  I have no problem
with only a few posts per week per group - I spend too much time
on this as it is.

-david

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38611
From: peterbak@microsoft.com (Peter Bako)
Subject: JPEG file format?


Where could I find a description of the JPG file format?  Specifically
I need to know where in a JPG file I can find the height and width of 
the image, and perhaps even the number of colors being used.

Any suggestions?

Peter

-- 
(*)-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-\/-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+(*)
(   UUCP:         peterbak@microsoft  ||   Is this all that I am?  Is there   )
(   CompuServe:   71170,1426          ||   nothing more?    - V'ger           )
(*)-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-/\-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+(*)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38612
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <John_Shepardson.esh-210493100336@moose.slac.stanford.edu> John_Shepardson.esh@qmail.slac.stanford.edu (John Shepardson) writes:
>> Can you please offer some recommendations? (3d graphics)
>
>
>There has been a fantastic 3d programmers package for some years that has
>been little advertised, and apparently nobody knows about, called 3d
>Graphic Tools written by Mark Owen of Micro System Options in Seattle WA. 
>I reviewed it a year or so ago and was really awed by it's capabilities. 
>It also includes tons of code for many aspects of Mac programming
>(including offscreen graphics).  It does Zbuffering, 24 bit graphics, has a
>database for representing graphical objects, and more.
>It is very well written (MPW C, Think C, and HyperCard) and the code is
>highly reusable.  Last time I checked the price was around $150 - WELL
>worth it.
>
>Their # is (206) 868-5418.

  I've talked with Mark and he faxed some literature, though it wasn't very helpful-
  just a list of routine names: _BSplineSurface, _DrawString3D... 241 names.
  There was a Product Info sheet that explained some of the package capabilities.
  I also found a review in April/May '92 MacTutor.

  It does look like a good package. The current price is $295 US.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38613
From: lusardi@cs.buffalo.edu (Christopher Lusardi)
Subject: Looking for Mr. radon

Does anyone have a radon transform in C that they could 
send me?

				Any help accepted,
-- 
|  .-,                ###|For a lot of .au music: ftp sounds.sdsu.edu
| /   /   __  ,  _    ###|then cat file.au > /dev/audio
| \_>/ >_/ (_/\_/<>_     |UB library catalog:telnet bison.acsu.buffalo.edu
|_                14261 _|(When in doubt ask: xarchie, xgopher, or xwais.)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38614
From: markl@hunan.rastek.com (Mark Larsen)
Subject: Re: Ray tracer for ms-dos?

In article <1r1cqiINNje8@srvr1.engin.umich.edu> tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>
>Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
>free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
>them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)
>
>Thanks in advance
>
>Daemon

There are 2 books published by M&T BOOKS that come with C source code on
floppies.  They are:

Programming In 3 Dimensions, 3-D Graphics, Ray Traycing, and Animation
by: Christopher D. Watkins and Larry Sharp.

Photorealism and Ray Tracing in C
by: Christopher D. Watkins, Stephen B. Coy, and Mark Finlay.

I have the first book and it is a great intro to 3-D, Ray Tracing and
Animation.  Most of the programs are on the disk compiled and ready to run.

I have only glanced at the second book but it also appears to be good.

Hope this helps!
Mark Larsen

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
markl@hunan.rastek.com

"This R2 unit has a bad motivator!"
   - Luke, Star Wars

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38615
From: phew@gu.uwa.edu.au (Patrick Hew)
Subject: Re: Color pict of spinning Earth

ESTOP07@CONRAD.APPSTATE.EDU (*ACS) writes:

>Sorry if this is the wrong place to post this

>	I was crusing the net earlier this year and came upon something called 
>Color pict of spinning earth.  I am assuming it is a animation sequence of the 
>earth's rotation (or revolution I always get those mixed up).  At the time I 
>found it my sysem would not even support color graphics so I didn't bother to 
>get the pict.  Now I have a fairly nice system and cant find the pict again!
>If anyone can help please post here or E-mail me 
>Thanks in advance
>Eric (Estop07@conrad.appstate.edu)

Likewise for me please. First time I've hear of it, but I've beem looking
for something like this for the past few months.

Patrick Hew
2nd Year Science/ Engineering
University of Western Australia
phew@tartarus.uwa.edu.au
phew@mackerel.gu.uwa.edu.au


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38616
Subject: Cornerstone DualPage driver wanted
From: tkelder@ebc.ee (Tonis Kelder)



I am looking for a WINDOW 3.1 driver  for 
     Cornerstone  DualPage (Cornerstone Technology, Inc) 
video card. Does  anybody know, that has these?  Is there one?

Thanks for any info,

To~nis
-- 
To~nis Kelder    Estonian Biocentre     (tkelder@kask.ebc.ee)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38617
From: jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu (Mitch)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split


In article <FOX.93Apr22002043@graphics.nyu.edu>, fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu (David Fox) writes:
|>
|>   Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|>   doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|>   this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|>   different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|>   a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|>   for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|>   Just curious.
|>
|>I disagree.  You could learn the same amount by reading all the
|>split groups, and it would make things easier for those of us
|>who are less omnivorous.  There is no "waste" in creating news
|>groups -- its just a bit of shuffling about.  I have no problem
|>with only a few posts per week per group - I spend too much time
|>on this as it is.
|>

Yes, but... shouldn't size of newsgroup be an issue?  Sorry if this
has been covered before, but comp.grahpics.animation get how much 
traffic per day?  50 articles?  Maybe 70 on an extremely heavy day?
I've been following this group for about four months now, and I don't
recall ever seeing such a flood of posts that a split would be warranted.

Just my 2 cents,

Mitch------------------------------------>jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu
"Who doth render with 386sx-20 knoweth frustration."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38618
From: rued@daimi.aau.dk (Thomas Rued J|rgensen)
Subject: Re: .SCF files, help needed

tlc@cx5.com writes:

>Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display  
>these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf  
>files.

RIX's files with the extension  .sci and .scf are just a RAW file with
a 256 color palette.
The first 10 bytes is a kind of header, with the name RIX among 7bytes unknown stuff. The you have 768 bytes of palette info (3*256 for the colors RGB)
and then you have the picture in raw format.
If you dont know how to make a viewer of of this description you can get VPIC
it is able to read the files!

regards
Thomas 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38619
From: hans@cs.kuleuven.ac.be (Hans Baele)
Subject: conversion of pic format files to HPGL files

Hello,

Can anybody help me with the conversion of pic format files
to HPGL files. The question is as follows:

Is it possible to convert files that have been generated in the
pic preprocessor format into HPGL format, suitable for sending
to a plotter. The hardware involved is IBM RISC/6000 running AIX
3.2.3. How should this be done and what software is involved,
where is it available, what does it cost, what are the problems?

Regards,

Dani

--------------------------------
Cimad Consultants
Antwerp, Belgium
dani@cimad.be
--------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38620
From: haston@utkvx.utk.edu (Haston, Donald Wayne)
Subject: Hijaak

I have heard some impressive things about Hijakk (for Windows).
Currently, I use a shareware program called Graphics Workshop.
What kinds of things will Hijaak do that these shareware programs
will not do?

What has been your experience with Hijaak? Are there other programs
that are better? Please email me, if you can help:

Wayne Haston
HASTON@UTKVX.UTK.EDU

Thanks!



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38621
From: wlm@wisdom.attmail.com (Bill Myers)
Subject: Re: graphics libraries


> Does anyone out there have any experience with Figaro+ form TGS or
> HOOPS from Ithaca Software?  I would appreciate any comments.

Yes, I do.  A couple of years ago, I did a comparison of the two
products.  Some of this may have changed, but here goes.

As far as a PHIGS+ implementation, Figaro+ is fine.  But, its PHIGS!
Personally, I hate PHIGS because I find it is too low level.  I also
dislike structure editing, which I find impossible, but enough about
PHIGS.

I have found HOOPS to be a system that is full-featured and easy to
use.  They support all of their rendering methods in software when
there is no hardware support, their documentation is good, and they
are easily portable to other systems.

I would be happy to elaborate further if you have more specific
questions. 
--
|------------------------------------------------------|
    ~~~       Here's lookin' at ya.
  ~~_ _~~
  |`O-@'|     Bill  |  wlm@wisdom.attmail.com
 @|  >  |@    Phone: (216) 831-2880 x2002
  |\___/|
  |_____|
|______________________________________________________|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38622
From: scott@fcs280s.ncifcrf.gov (Michael Scott)
Subject: Canon copier-printer/postscript questions.


Printer model and specification:

Canon CLC 500 (Color Laser Copier)
ps-ipu unit (postscript intelligent processing unit)


Hello,

We have recently purchased a very expensive and nice color copier/printer. 
We want to be able to print to it from our SGI iris network.  The 
copier/printer has both a parallel and SCSI interface.  I have configured the
printer with the "lp" system using the parallel interface and can print 
postscript files to the printer.  I can also print rgb files, but these are in 
turn converted to postscript by an internal filter.  The Canon CLC 500 is a 
publication quality printer but the quality of our postscript printouts 
are less than acceptable.  We create the postscript files with a variaty of 
programs, such as showcase, xv, and tops.  When we convert to postscript 
with tops and use the -l option to specify the halftone screen density of 98 
rather than the default 40 the output is better, but still much less that 
acceptable.  Note, that we are starting with a screen image in rgb image format
and translating the image into postscript.

We suspect that if we could use the SCSI interface we would get higher quality 
pictures.  We have not purchased the software that drives the printer from the 
SCSI port.  To my knowledge this software is $5000 and does not come with a 
warranty.  The management here does not want to spend this much money without 
some assurance that the product will work.


Here my questions:

If anybody on the net uses this printer are you using the SCSI or 
parallel port?  What is the quality of the printouts?

Is there a way to create high quality postscript printouts?  What is the
limiting component, the postscript language or the postscript interpretor on 
the printer?
 
The Big question:

Where can I get some software to drive the SCSI port for this printer?



Please email directly to me, I don't not read news on a regular basis. 
I will post a summary.

Thanks in advance.

-- 
	E-mail:		scott@ncifcrf.gov ,Phone #:	(301) 846-5798
        Title:  	Sr. Systems Manager/Analyst

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38623
From: cgschot@cs.ruu.nl (Gerco Schot)
Subject: Ray Tracing Pictures


For those who are interested in Ray Traced pictures, there is a nice example
on alt.binaries.pictures.misc. The file is called Poolball.gif. It shows a
pooltable with... YES! ... poolballs!
Resolution: 1024x768,  colours: 256 (only).
The TGA (24 bit) version is also available, but a bit big (2.4Mb) to post.
The picture is created with POV-ray.




Enjoy!


_Gerco_
__cgschot@cs.ruu.nl__


-- 
 ___________________________________
/                                   \
\___________________________________/
/_ Gerco Schot (cgschot@cs.ruu.nl) _\

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38624
From: td@alice.att.com (Tom Duff)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:
> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?
Forty-two is six times nine.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38625
From: ds@aris.nswc.navy.mil (Demetrios Sapounas)
Subject: 3D display software



   I have the need for displaying 2 1/2 D surfaces under X, using only
Xlib, Xt and Xm.  Does anyone know of a package, available on internet,
which will be able to do the work?

   I am looking for a STAND-ALONE package providing similar functions
to "xprism3" available with Khoros, but without the numerous libraries
required for it.  I want to be able to recompile it and run it on
various platforms, from SGIs to i486s (UNIX).

   Any help will be appreciated.


=======================================================================
Demetrios Sapounas                         Tel        +1 (703) 663.8332
L 115, NSWC                                Fax        +1 (703) 663.1939
Dahlgren, VA 22448-5000, USA               email  ds@aris.nswc.navy.mil
=======================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38626
From: e-sink@uiuc.edu (Eric W. Sink)
Subject: Re: Looking for WMF Converter

buck@HQ.Ileaf.COM (David Buchholz x3252) writes:

>I'm looking for any leads to the source of a good Windows
>Meta File converter or interpreter. I need this for use
>outside the Windows environment. PD sources preferred, but
>not a requirement. Please reply to the address below.

On a related topic, I have been searching (with no success)
for a specification of the Enhanced Metafile format.  I have
the original WMF format (Graphics File Formats, Levine et al),
but no info on the 32 bit version.

Any pointers ?

-- 
Eric W. Sink, Spyglass        | "In all the earth, only humans have the ability
1800 Woodfield Drive          |    to be content in bad situations...
Savoy, IL  61826              |    and vice-versa."
---- e-sink@uiuc.edu ---------|---------- 217-355-6000 -----------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38627
From: mark@ocsmd.ocs.com (Mark Wilson)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Mark A. Cartwright (markc@emx.utexas.edu) wrote:
: Well,
: 
: 42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
: answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
: That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.
: 
: Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
But it WAS discovered (sort of).  The question was "What is 7 times 8?"
When Arthur Dent objected that this was, unfortunately, factually
inaccurate, the effort to discover the question was begun all over.
This last effort was, I believe, likely to take far longer than
the lifespan of the universe, in fact several lifespans of same!
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Wilson, Online Computer Systems.  1-800-922-9204 or 1-301-601-2215
(Try email address mark@ocsmd.ocs.com....)
This file .disclaims everything signed with my .signature, I .mean it!
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38628
From: bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Florian Bockamp)
Subject: WANTED: Matrox PG-1281 CV driver





Hi!

I need a Windows 3.1 driver for the Matrox PG-1281 CV
SVGA card. 
At the moment Windows runs only in the 640x480 mode.
If you have a driver for this card, please send it 
with the OEMSETUP.INF to 

bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE

Thanks!

-- 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Florian Bockamp                                  '''            |
| bockamp@informatik.tu-muenchen.de               (o o)           |
+---------------------------------------------oOO--( )--OOo-------+
|                                                   -             |
|         "It's not a bug, it's an undocumented feature!"         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38629
From: jack@robotics.jpl.nasa.gov (Jack Morrison)
Subject: Fixed-point math library

Has anyone written or seen a C library or C++ class for fixed-point math,
or good articles about same?

I pretty much know how to do this, but I have a few other wheels to invent
at the moment...

Thanks!
---
"How am I typing? Call 1-818-354-7782"               jack@robotics.jpl.nasa.gov
Jack Morrison/Jet Propulsion Lab/MS107-102 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena CA 91109


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38630
From: ch381@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (James K. Black)
Subject: NEEDED: algorithms for 2-d & 3-d object recognition


Hi,
         I have a friend who is working on 2-d and 3-d object recognition. He is looking
for references describing algorithms on the following subject areas:

Thresholding
Edge Segmentation
Marr-Hildreth
Sobel Operator
Chain Codes
Thinning - Skeletonising

If anybody is willing to post an algorithm that they have implemented which demonstrates
any of the above topics, it would be much appreciated.

Please post all replies to my e-mail address. If requested I will post a summary to the
newsgroup in a couple of weeks.


Thanks in advance for all replies

James
eb192@city.ac.uk

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38631
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Hijaak

Haston, Donald Wayne (haston@utkvx.utk.edu) wrote:
: Currently, I use a shareware program called Graphics Workshop.
: What kinds of things will Hijaak do that these shareware programs
: will not do?

I also use Graphic Workshop and the only differences that I know of are that
Hijaak has screen capture capabilities and acn convert to/from a couple of
more file formats (don't know specifically which one).  In the April 13
issue of PC Magazine they test the twelve best selling image capture/convert
utilities, including Hijaak.

TMC.
(tmc@spartan.ac.brocku.ca)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38632
From: wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael)
Subject: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

Hello,

    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac.

    I have not been able to find any, and would appreciate any
    information about such products you could provide.

    I would be particularly interested in software that runs on HP or
    Sun workstations, and does not require special add-in hardware, but
    would also be interested in other solutions.


Thank You.
Wayne
-- 
Wayne Michael
wdm@world.std.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38633
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <prestonm.735400848@cs.man.ac.uk> prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk (Martin  
Preston) writes:
> Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
> good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.

I certainly do use it whenever I have to do TIFF, and it usually works
very well.  That's not my point.  I'm >philosophically< opposed to it
because of its complexity.

This complexity has led to some programs' poor TIFF writers making
some very bizarre files, other programs' inability to load TIFF
images (though they'll save them, of course), and a general
inability to interchange images between different environments
despite the fact they all think they understand TIFF.

As the saying goes, "It's not me I'm worried about- it's all the
>other<  assholes out there!"  I've had big trouble with misuse and
abuse of TIFF over the years, and I chalk it all up to the immense (and
unnecessary) complexity of the format.

In the words of the TIFF 5.0 spec, Appendix G, page G-1 (capitalized
emphasis mine):

"The only problem with this sort of success is that TIFF was designed
to be powerful and flexible, at the expense of simplicity.  It takes a
fair amount of effort to handle all the options currently defined in
this specification (PROBABLY NO APPLICATION DOES A COMPLETE JOB),
and that is currently the only way you can be >sure< that you will be
able to import any TIFF image, since there are so many
image-generating applications out there now."


If a program (or worse all applications) can't read >every< TIFF
image, that means there are some it won't- some that I might have to
deal with.  Why would I want my images to be trapped in that format?  I
don't and neither should anyone who agrees with my reasoning- not
that anyone does, of course! :-)

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38634
Subject: Marching Cubs
From: abild@bert.cs.byu.edu

 Hello,

Hello,

     I was wondering if anyone knew of a PC or MAC
implementation of the marching cubes algorithm that will output
the individual faces.  If there is no such application, might there
be some C source code that I could modify to implement the
algorithm and get to the individual faces.

Thanks in advance
Sincerly

Tracy

+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Tracy J. Abildskov                 | Phone:  (801) 378-3407        |
|                                    | FAX:    (801) 378-7862        |
| Address : Brigham Young University |                               |
|           Department of Psychology | E-mail: abild@bert.cs.byu.edu |
|           Provo, UT 84602          |                               |
|           USA                      |                               |
+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38635
From: chert@dungeon.cirr.com (Chert Pellett)
Subject: Epson (HPGL) 4 pen plotter W/340 Pens $500 / B.O.

Greetings,
    I have an Epson HI-80 4 pen plotter forsale.  It emulates an HP 7570
or 7574 - I'm not sure which.  It has an option board on it that does
the emulation.  It has a serial interface with Hardware handshake. I
also have 340 Pens for it as follows:  10 packs of 4 Black Oil based, 16
packs of 4 Red,Green, Blue, and Black pens, 22 packs of 4 Aqueous Black,
7 packs of 4 Aqueous R,G,Blue,Black,  1 pack of 6 Aqueous Multi color
pens,  and 114 assorted non-packaged pens mostly colored.

    The plotter is used.  I have tested it using the Windows drivers for
HP 7570 and HP 7574 and both worked fine.  It accepts either A or B
sized paper. (8.5 x 11 or 11x17).

    I figure that the plotter is worth about $300 and the pens are worth at
least another $200 more..  One thing is certain, you won't need to
purchase any pens for quite a while...  All of the packaged pens were
sealed so they are all still fresh.  The rest were capped and seem to
function as well.

    I'd be willing to sell the pens seperate if anyone is interested in
just them.

    I'm selling it because I got a HP LaserJet and I don't need color.

    I'd like $350 or best offer...

    -Chert
-- 
Chert Pellett - chert@dungeon.cirr.com || chert@dungeon.lonestar.org
PANIC: The cat is nibbling on the power cord!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38636
From: crussell@netcom.com (Chris Russell)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Mark Wilson (mark@ocsmd.ocs.com) wrote:
: Mark A. Cartwright (markc@emx.utexas.edu) wrote:
: : 42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
: : answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
: : Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...
: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
: But it WAS discovered (sort of).  The question was "What is 7 times 8?"

[ Read on and there's a special prize at the bottom.  Amaze your friends
and gain respect from your peers that you can carry on so long about the
number 42. ]

The original question was "What is the meaning of Life, the Universe, and
and Everything."  The answer generated by Deep Thought (the 2nd largest
computer ever created) was 42.  Deep Thought realized that to understand
the answer, one must really know what the question is.  Unfortunately, he
didn't.  But he was able to help build the largest computer (named Earth)
which could figure out the real question.  (I know this is background
knowledge for everyone here... just bear with me a sec... :)

When Arthur pulled the scrabble tiles out of the bag, he spelled out
"What is nine times six?" (or the like).  However, it is not clear that
the monkey-man had the right question in his brain, especially since it
was that lady in the diner (which was vaporized moments later) that came
up with the answer to how everyone could get along.  On the other hand,
Marvin said he saw the answer in Dent's brain, so lets presume it's 
correct.

Well, NINE TIMES SIX ***IS*** FORTY-TWO!!!  ...in base 13.

Chew on that for awhile... :)

--
Chris Russell            Custom software, networks, CASE tools, and consulting
Adaptive Solutions       Sun SPARC, SGI IRIS, HP Apollo, Macintosh, & PC

Internet:  crussell@netcom.com
GTE:       909/861-4048
U.S. Mail: P.O. Box 5424
           Diamond Bar, CA 91675-7424

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38637
From: rytg7@fel.tno.nl (Q. van Rijt)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

There is another useful method based on Least Sqyares Estimation of the sphere equation parameters.

The points (x,y,z) on a spherical surface with radius R and center (a,b,c) can be written as 

   (x-a)^2 + (y-b)^2 + (z-c)^2 = R^2

This equation can be rewritten into the following form:  

   2ax + 2by + 2cz + R^2 - a^2 - b^2 -c^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2

Approximate the left hand part by   F(x,y,z) = p1.x + p2.x + p3.z + p4.1

For all datapoints, i.c. 4, determine the 4 parameters p1..p4 which minimise the average error |F(x,y,z) - x^2 - y^2 - z^2|^2.

In 'Numerical Recipes in C' can be found algorithms to solve these parameters.

The best fitting sphere will have 
- center (a,b,c) = (p1/2, p2/2, p3/2)
- radius R = sqrt(p4 + a.a + b.b + c.c).

So, at last, will this solve you sphere estination problem, at least for the most situations I think ?.

Quick van Rijt, rytg7@fel.tno.nl




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38638
From: cs60805@basin04.cacs.usl.edu (Rao Koganti Srinivasa)
Subject: POLYGON FILL routine needed ....



    Hi ,


	I am looking for a polygon fill routine to fill 
	simple 4 sided polygons .

	Can some one who has this routine in C help me in 
	saving my "REINVENTING" time.

	Thanx in advance .....




	Rao.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38639
From: mikec@sail.LABS.TEK.COM (Micheal Cranford)
Subject: Disney Animation

------------------------------------

  Can anyone tell me anything about the Disney Animation software package?
Note the followup line (this is not for me but for a colleague).


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38640
From: kmembry@viamar.UUCP (Kirk Membry)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

Read Issue #2 of Wired Magazine.  It has a long article on the "hype" of
3DO.  I've noticed that every article talks with the designers and how
"great" it is, but never show any pictures of the output (or at least
pictures that one can understand)


-- 
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Kirk Membry                                    "Our Age is the Age of Industry"
rutgers!viamar!kmembry                         - Alexander Rodchenko
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38641
From: doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons)
Subject: Re: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

FOMBARON marc (fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr) wrote:
: Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
: Thank you for helping


No.  As I recall, the only differences are in the 3ds.set parameters - some
of the defaults have changed slightly.  I'll look when I get home and let
you know, but there isn't enough to actually warrant upgrading.

douginoz

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38642
From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Ray Knight (rknight@stiatl.salestech.com) wrote:
:uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams) writes:

:>re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
:>Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
:>CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
:>the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
:>didrectory?


:  Actually the most flexible way to create temp files is to check for a TEMP or
: TMP environment variable and create the files on the drive and directory pointedto by the variable.  This is pretty much a standard for DOS, Windows and OS/2
: applications.

Unfortunately, cview does not pay attention to the temp environment variable.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38643
From: davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com (David J. Ray)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

Martin Preston (prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk) wrote:
: In <C5sCGu.1LL@mentor.cc.purdue.edu> ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
: 
: >I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
: >My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
: >infinitely easier to write than to read,...
: 
: Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
: good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.
: 
: Martin
: 
What is the name of this PD C library for TIFF.  I'd like to get a copy of it,
but I can't Archie for something I don't have the filename for.

Thanks.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38644
From: tonyo@pendragon.CNA.TEK.COM (Tony Ozrelic)
Subject: Need info on cc:Mail file format

I need the file format for cc:Mail file formats - it seems to be PCX-based,
but with a twist: only the first page of a multi-page fax will come out
readable. The other pages disappear. The format seems to be 'proprietary'.

Anybody got any clues? I have to give my email FAXes to my secretary in
order to get 'em unscrambled. I want a filter from cc:Mail to .p[nb]m.

Come to think of it, p[nb]m to cc:Mail would be nice too.

tonyo@master.CNA.TEK.COM




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38645
From: morley@suncad.camosun.bc.ca (Mark Morley)
Subject: Medical Images via Gopher?

A few days back someone posted info on a gopher site where you could
search for medical graphics, etc.  Could someone please repost or mail me
a copy?  I'd greatly appreciate it.  Thanks!

Mark

===================================================================
 Mark Morley, UNIX/SUN Manager           NET: morley@camosun.bc.ca
 Camosun College - Interurban Campus     TEL: (604) 370-4601
 4461 Interurban Road  Room 143-Tech     FAX: (604) 370-3660
 Victoria, B.C.  Canada   V8X 3X1

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38646
From: seth@north6.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: morphing


Keywords: 

I am looking for some morphing programs for DEC's or pc's. I looked for a program
called dmorph using archie but could not find it. I found a progrmam call
morpho but it only did grayscale images. Does anyone know where I should look?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38647
From: raymaker@bcm.tmc.edu (Mark Raymaker)
Subject: graphics driver standards

I have a researcher who collecting electical impulses from
the human heart through a complex Analog to Digital system
he has designed and inputting this information into his EISA
bus HP Vectra Computer running DOS and the Phar Lap DOS extender. 

He want to purchase a very high-performance video card for
3-D modeling. He is aware of a company called Matrox but
he is concerned about getting married to a company and their
video routine library. He would hope some more flexibility:
to choose between several card manufacturers with a standard
video driver. He would like to write more generic code- 
code that could be easily moved to other cards or computer operating
systems in the future. Is there any hope?
Any information would be greatly appreciated-
Please, if possible, respond directly to internet mail 
to raymaker@bcm.tmc.edu

Thanks




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38648
From: xrcjd@mudpuppy.gsfc.nasa.gov (Charles J. Divine)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

In article <1r3lf9$fu0@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu> Mark A. Cartwright <markc@emx.utexas.edu> writes:
>Well,
>
>42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
>answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
>That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.
>
>Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...

But the Question was later revealed to be:  What is 9 x 6?  (In the
base 13 system, of course.)


-- 
Chuck Divine

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38649
From: eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler)
Subject: 3D Animation Station


	I am looking for some information about 3D animation stations that
are currently on the market.  The price of the station can be from 5K-20K, 
but no more than $20,000.00.  Type of workstation doesnt matter (PC, MAC, 
SGI etc..) .  If you use or have bought/looked at one or can suggest your
dream machine, then please mail me your configurations.  I need the following.

	1. Type of station (PC, MAC etc.. )
	2. Expandibilty of the machine.
	3. Software that can run on it
	4. VTR Controller and/or VTR deck model/name.
	5. Vendors names and numbers.

Thanks in advance.

					Ken Eyler
					eylerken@u.washington.edu
					The Evergreen State College

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38650
Subject: XLib and 24 Bit Displays [Info Needed]	
From: sl0pr@riverdale.enet.dec.com (869883 Thakkar Rahul Chandrakant)

Hi,

My name is rahul and I am doing MS at USU, Logan
My query is:
	I have a HP workstation: HP Series 400 with X running on it.
I have a true color - 24bit color monitor connected to this machine.
Normally I have the capability to display 256 colors from a max of
16.7 million. Since the monitor is True Color I can see 16.7
million at a time. 
Que: do we have a facility in X(c-function call) that will enable me
to specify any RGB combination and see it on screen? I am using
XStoreColor to set the pallette of a max of 256 colors.
Que: If not. Is there any way I can display a true color image
on a true color monitor using XLib function calls?

We are generating ray traced images and 256 colors are indeed a
painful limit. besides I need the facility to display the true color images 
i will be generating on a true color system WITHOUT color 
quantification.
Please, if anyone can help i'd be obliged

Rahul
sl0pr@cc.usu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38651
From: joshuaf@yang.earlham.edu
Subject: TIFF -> Anything?!

Are there any TIFF to anything programs out there for the IBM?
Our scanner works into TIFF, and I can view it on CSHOW 8.1, but 
all of my other programs read errors.  Are there any basic Tiff to 
JPEG, GIF, PCX, BMP, etc...?

Thanks for the time...Email or post acceptable.
Joshuaf

"That Geiger scan looks like dookie!"
"I know it's a TIFF!!!!"

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38652
From: kruzifix@netcom.com (Living On The Edge......)
Subject: IMAGINE for PC??

Is Impulse shipping IMAGINE for the PC386/486?  How close is it to the
Amiga's IMAGINE 2.0, in terms of features?

=============================================================================
  Roland Chia                   |    >>> Air-Cooled >>>                     
  EMAIL:kruzifix@netcom.com     |             >>> Free-Falling >>>           
  VOICE:(209)447-9403           |                      >>> Carbon Unit >>>  
=============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38653
From: shmuel@mapsut.einstein.com (Shmuel Einstein)
Subject: Screen capture -> CYMK converter

I have a small program to extract a 640x480 image from a vga 16 color screen,
and store that image in a TIFF file.  I need to insert the image into a
sales brochure, which I then need printed in 4 color.  On a mac, I would
use Photoshop to separate the image into 5 EPS files, and then pull it into
quark express, then get it printed to film on a lintronix at a service bureau.

However, I don't have a mac, but I do have windows.  What would I need to 
do this type of operation in the windows 3.1 environment?  Are there any
separation programs available on the net?  Is there a good page layout program
that I should look into?

Thanks in advance.


-- 
Shmuel Einstein, shmuel@einstein.com
Shmuel Einstein & Associates, Inc.
9100 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 235 E
Beverly Hills, CA  90212
310/273-8971 FAX 310/273-8872

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38654
From: hwstock@snll-arpagw.llnl.gov (stockman harlan w)
Subject: hp2xx for DOS


Is there a precompiled version of hp2xx for DOS out there - prefereably
for 386/486?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38655
From: ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
|> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
|> 
|> I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.
|> 
|> There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
|> (After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
|> setting to static - else the client core-dumped)
|> 
|> Steve
|> -- 
|> 
|>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
|> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
|> | Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
|> | Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
|> | Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
|> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
|>          (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer
I built it on a rs6000 (my only Motif machine) works fine.  I added some objects
into dogfight so I could get used to flying.  This was very easy. 
All in all Cool!.  
Brian

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38656
From: gmt@beach.cis.ufl.edu (Gary McTaggart)
Subject: 3d Animation Studio file format??

Is the ".3ds" file format for Autodesk's 3D Animation Studio available?

Thanks,
Gary

(Please respond by email.  I have a hell of a time keeping up with news!!
:-) )

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38657
From: kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au (Kai Howells)
Subject: Re: Ray tracer for ms-dos?

In article <1r1cqiINNje8@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>,
tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) wrote:
> 
> 
> Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
> free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
> them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)
> 
> Thanks in advance
> 
> Daemon

PPPPP    OOOOO  V     V  Persistance Of Vision Raytracer.
P    P  O     O V     V
P    P  O     O V     V
PPPPP   O     O V     V
P       O     O  V   V
P       O     O   V V
P        OOOOO     V

Available on archie and wuarchive in graphics type directories.

PS It's freeware.

--

      _/_/_/                         
    _/                                        Kai Howells.
   _/         _/_/_/   _/ _/_/   _/  _/_/_/  kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au
    _/_/    _/     _/ _/_/   _/ _/ _/       35 Mortimer Ave
       _/  _/     _/ _/     _/ _/ _/       New Town TAS 7008
      _/  _/     _/ _/     _/ _/ _/       Ph. Within Australia 002 286 110
_/_/_/     _/_/_/  _/     _/ _/   _/_/_/  Elsewhere:        +61 02 286 110

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38658
From: schwartz@ils.nwu.edu (diane schwartz)
Subject: SIGKids Research Showcase Call

		SIGKIDS CALL FOR PARTICIPATION
SIGKids Research Showcase is where learning is hip.  Pushing the edge in
education, computer graphics, and new technologies, the SIGKids Research
Showcase will provide SIGGRAPH's attendees with the latest in applying
computer technology to form state of the art educational experiences.  So
hop to it!  Submit any works which converge the disciplines of education
and computer technology.

Possible categories and domains include but are NOT LIMITED to:

-Interactive/stand-alone applications
-Self-Run demonstrations and tutorials
-Museum Installations
-Groupware/Collaborative systems
-Hypermedia
-Virtual Reality
-Scientific Visualization
-Interactive Art
-Microworlds

Deadlines:

May 21, 1993 submissions due  


Submit to:

Diane Schwartz
SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKids Committee
c/o The Institute for the Learning Sciences
1890 Maple Avenue, Suite 150
Evanston, Illinois 60201
Fax:	708.491.5258
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

Electronic Submission Form:
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

How to Submit:
1. Fill out the 'Permission to Use' form (see page 19 of the SIGGRAPH '93
Call for Participation or send email to schwartz@ils.nwu.edu to have one
faxed to you.)

2. Fill out the SIGKids '93 Research Showcase Submission Form (below).

3. Send an abstract/description of the submission (approximately 100 words)
in one of the following ways:

    A. Send 3 hard copies to Diane Schwartz (via surface mail) at the above
       address
							                    OR
    B. Fax 1 copy to Diane Schwartz at (708)491-5258
                           OR
    C. Email 1 copy to Diane Schwartz at schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

4. If it is necessary to explain the project, additional support material
such as videotapes and slides that will assist the selection committee in
reaching a decision are highly reccommended. 

Fax and email submissions are acceptable.

PLEASE SEND ALL OF YOUR SUBMISSION MATERIAL IN THE SAME FORM (either
surface mail, email, or fax. The only exception to this should be the
additional support material which should only be sent via surface mail). 

NOTE: Due to our very limited budget, if the submitter chooses to have a
dedicated machine for their work, they will have to pay rental fees
for the hardware personally.

NOTE: Contributors outside for the United States should be aware of customs
and carrier delays and send submissions early.

______________________________________cut
here__________________________________

         ACM SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKIDS RESEARCH SHOWCASE ENTRY FORM


A copy of this form must accompany each proposal you submit.  Send SIGKids
Research Showcase Entries to:

Diane Schwartz
SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKids Committee
c/o The Institute for the Learning Sciences
1890 Maple Avenue, Suite 150
Evanston, Illinois 60201
Fax:	708.491.5258
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

Please print legibly.

Contact Information: 
Name________________________________________________

Company______________________________________________

Address______________________________________________

City_________________________________________________

State_____________Postal code______________Country_________________ 

Daytime phone_____________________Evening phone____________________

Fax_____________________________Email______________________________

Additional Information:

Title or Theme of Piece__________________________________ 

Participant(s') name(s)___________________________________

Collaborator(s') name(s)__________________________________ 

Hardware (platform and periferals):

1. What is
needed:_____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2. Supplied by Participant:

		___ Yes  ___ No

	3. Dedicated machine?

		___ Yes  ___ No

NOTE:  Due to our very limited budget the participant must pay the rental
fees for any dedicated hardware.

___Need assistance
(specify)____________________________________________________ 

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________


Software________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Statement - Please tell us the significance of the work.
(less than 50 words)
________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Medium:

___Other (describe - i.e. virtual reality, virtual sculpture, interactive
multimedia installation,
etc.)__________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________


Special Requirements:

Physical
description____________________________________________________________ 

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Power___________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Dimensions______________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Other__________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Authorization

Permission to use visual and audio:  In the event that materials used in my
ACM SIGGRAPH'93 SIGKids Research Showcase Entry contain the work of other
individuals or organizations (including any copyrighted musical
compositions or excerpts thereof), I understand that it is my
responsibility to secure any necessary permissions and/or liscenses.  

	___Yes ___No  My piece contains images, audio, or video components.
               If yes:
	              ___Yes ___No  I have the necessary rights and/or permissions
to
                             use the images, audio, or video components in
my
                             piece.

Conference presentation release:  By signing this form, I grant SIGGRAPH'93
permission to consider my piece for the SIGKids Research Showcase.  I
maintain the copyright to my work and will receive full credit wherever
this work is used.

Conference promotional material:  I grant ACM SIGGRAPH the right to use my
slides for conference and organization publicity, both now and in the
future.  This includes usage on posters, brochures, catalogs, promotional
items, or media broadcast. In exchange, SIGGRAPH provides full
author/artist credit information on all promotional material.

___Yes ___No  I grant ACM SIGGRAPH permission to use slides of my work
              for conference and organization publicity.

Signature______________________________________Date_________

ACM SIGGRAPH makes every attempt to respect and protect intellectual 
property rights of people and organizations preparing material for 
SIGGRAPH conferences. This entry form explains the uses SIGGRAPH will 
make of the material and requires you to acknowledge that you have 
permission to use this material.  This may involve seeking clearance from 
your employer or from others who have loaned you material, such as 
videotapes and slides.  This form helps prevent situations whereby 
SIGGRAPH'93 presentations include material without permission that 
might lead to complaints or even legal action.

This form also asks you to grant SIGGRAPH the right to distribute your
work, while you maintain the copyright.  Slide sets and catalogs are
publications for which you grant SIGGRAPH nonexclusive worldwide
distribution rights.  SIGGRAPH marks each item in these publications with a
proper copyright notice, which informs viewers that these items may not be
copied, reproduced, broadcast, or used for commercial purposes without the
explicit permission of the indivicual copyright owners.  In addition, this
form asks if  ACM SIGGRAPH may  use the your materials for conference and
organizational promotional material in exchange for full author/artist
credit information.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38659
From: omar@godzilla.osf.org (Mark Marino)
Subject: WANTED: Playmation Info

Hi Folks,

   Does anyone have a copy of Playmation they'd be willing to sell me.  I'd 
love to try it out, but not for the retail $$$.  If you have moved onto 
something bigger (3DS) or better (Imagine), I'd love to buy your table scraps.

   If noone is selling, can anyone recommend a place to buy Playmation 
mail-order for cheap?  

   Thanks in advance,

   Mark



-- 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
|                                                                             |
| Mark Marino              | omar@osf.org           |  uunet!osf!omar         |
| Open Software Foundation | 11 Cambridge Center    |  Cambridge, MA 02142    |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38660
From: fsmarc@tristero.lerc.nasa.gov (Marc Cooper)
Subject: Re: Marching Cubs


I saw this subject and all I could think of was a parade at Wrigley Field
in Chicago.

Or maybe it's just me. 

:)


-- 
Marc Cooper - Graphics Programmer - Sverdrup Tech.| "As a child, I WAS an 
fsmarc@lerc.nasa.gov                              |       imaginary playmate."
NASA Lewis Research Center  MS 5-11               |                        
21000 Brookpark Dr.                               | Tom Robbins
Cleveland, OH  44135               (216) 433-8898 | Even Cowgirls Get the Blues
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Disclaimer:  "It's mine! All mine!"  -D. Duck

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38661
Subject: POV file constructor for Unix/X11
From: Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (chumphre)


Hi, I'm just getting into PoVRay and I was wondering if there is a graphic
package that outputs .POV files.  Any help would be appreciated.
Thanks.

Later'ish
Craig

-- 
    |\/\/\/\/\/| 
    | ___  ___ |         "I didn't do it, nobody saw me do it, 
    |/   \/   \|             you can't prove anything."
_ccc_c_#_|__#_ccc_c_____chumphre@comp.vuw.ac.nz_______________________________

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38662
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: Re: more on radiosity

amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann) writes:

>In article 66319@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU, xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao) writes:
>>
>>
>>In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
>>|>
>>|>
>>|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
>>|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
>>|> I finished it.
>>|>
>>|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
>>|> to finish it.

Please note that there are some radiosity packages in my Resource Listing
(under the Subject 3: FTP list)

Greetings,
Nick.
--
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

USENET Editor of comp.graphics Resource Listing and soc.culture.greece FAQ
NTUA/UA ACM Student Chapter Chair - we're organizing a small conference
        in Comp. Graphics, call if you're interested to participate.
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38663
From: deweeset@ptolemy2.rdrc.rpi.edu (Thomas E. DeWeese)
Subject: Finding equally spaced points on a sphere.


  Hello, I know that this has been discussed before.  But at the time
I didn't need to teselate a sphere.  So if any kind soul has the code
or the alg, that was finally decided upon as the best (as I recall it
was a nice, iterative subdivision meathod), I would be very 
appreciative.
							Thomas DeWeese
deweeset@rdrc.rpi.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38664
From: Gordon_Sumerling@itd.dsto.gov.au (Gordon Sumerling)
Subject: Re: Grayscale Printer

Have you considered the Apple Laserwriter IIg. We use it for all our B&W
image printing.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38665
From: newmme@helios.tn.cornell.edu (Mark E. J. Newman)
Subject: HELP: advice on what video system to buy

If this question is covered elsewhere, I apologize, but I need information
fast.

My department has been given a large sum of money to install a video system
on our network of IBM RS6000 workstations.  This is not an area in which I
have any expertise, so I wonder if anyone out there can offer advice.  We
would like a system, based either on VHS or 8mm video which will allow one 
write video, frame by frame on tape for play-back in real time.  It's for
visualization of physics problems.  Can anyone tell me what hardware is
available which would work for our system?  Some support software is
obviously needed too, but nothing particularly sophisticated, since the
software we actually use for the visualization is all already written.

Please email with replies, as I don't read this group.  Many thanks for your
help.

Dr. M. E. J. Newman.
Department of Physics,
Cornell University.
newmme@helios.tn.cornell.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38666
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

There is a program called Graphic Workshop you can FTP from
wuarchive.  The file is in the msdos/graphics directory and
is called "grfwk61t.zip."  This program should od everthing
you need.

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38667
From: weilej@cary115.its.rpi.edu (Jason Lee Weiler)
Subject: Re: Sun IPX root window display - background picture

In article <1993Apr19.220817.22480@osi.com>, scott@osi.com (Scott Fleming) writes:
|> 
|> Hello netters!
|>  
|> I have a fairly weak question to ask everybody in netland.  I've looked though
|> the last FAQ for comp.graphics but I didn't find my answer.  Thus the post.
|>  
|> I'll keep it short.
|>  
|> QUESTION:  How do I display any raster files, gif files, iff or tiff images
|> that I have on my "root window" or background?  I have a sun ipc, openwindows
|> 3.0, Sun OS 4.1.3 if that helps any.
|>  
|> I've compiled POV for the sun and would like to display some of the work I have
|> done as a background/tile.  Thanks for any help or information that you
|> provide.  Have a good day.
|>  
|> Scott Fleming
|> OSI
|>  
|> P.S.
|> Kudo's to the people who provided POV, its great!
|> 

Scott,
	I'm not so sure if this is helpful, but I usually use XV v2.21.  I use Sun IPCs and IPXs, and it works fine.  It can display in a good number of ways.(root being one of them)  It's also possible to have XV put up a background automatically at login.  Hope this helps.

Jason Weiler
<weilej@rpi.edu>

BTW  XV v2.21 is on anonymous FTP somewhere. (archie fer it!)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38668
From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

renner@adobe.com (John Renner) writes:

> In article <19930420.090030.915@almaden.ibm.com> capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Ca
> >In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
> >>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
> >>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
> >
> >See:
> >   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
> >   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
> >   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.
> 
> I've used that reference, and found that I needed to go to their
> original tech report:
> 
> 	Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
> 	"Characterizing Cubic Bezier Curves"
> 	Xerox  EDL-88-8, December 1988
> 

First, thanks to all who replied to my original question.

I've implemented the ideas from the article above and I'm very satisfied
with the results. I needed it for my bezier curve approximation routine.
In some cases (generating offset curves) loops can occur. I now have a
fast method of detecting the generation of a curve with a loop. Although
I did not follow the article above strictly. The check if the fourth control
point lies in the the loop area, which is bounded by two parabolas and
one ellips is too complicated. Instead I enlarged the loop-area and
surrounded it by for straight lines. The check is now simple and fast and
my approximation routine never ever outputs self-intersecting bezier curves
again!
Ferdinand.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38669
From: ryanph@mrl.dsto.gov.au
Subject: DREGISTERe: XV for MS-DOS

Pascal Perret, in article <1993Apr21.125750.263@eicn.etna.ch>, wrote
> 
> 	Site	: omnigate.clarkson.edu
> 	Aliases	: grape.ecs.clarkson.edu
> 	Number	: 128.153.4.2
> 
> 	/pub/msdos/djgpp/pub
> 
> 	it's xv221.zip (?) I think...
> Certainly you read the other answer from Kevin Martin... He write about DV/X 
> (?). 
> 
>     What is it ?????? Could Someone answer ????

Funny thing, the InterNet: I have no idea what xv221 might be - except that it
might be something to do with X-windows on PCs (? If you know, and have used
it, and think that it is good, email me. [ryanph@mrl.dsto.gov.au]).

DV/X is a common abbreviation for QuarterDeck corporation's Desqview/X
software.

I have not used DV/X yet, but reading the blurbs that Quarterdeck sent me, it
sounds pretty great:
	* allows multiple DOS machines - the way that OS/2 does, but without
requiring 10 MB of RAM to get OS/2 going
	* pre-emptive multi-tasking
	* network computing - a proper X-windows client/server application -
this means that DOS program can be used on other X-windows computers on your
network, and that X-windows programs can be used on your DV/X computer
	* although it is NOT a version of Unix, it effectively has many of
Unix's features, and mostly you will be able to compile unix-type programs
using the djgpp or gnu c compilers

They advertise regularly in all of the major computing and programming
magazines. They also have InterNet support online (support@qdeck.com).

> *  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *

Hope that this helps anyone wanting to know.

Phil Ryan
Melbourne, australia


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38670
Subject: Re: Looking for Tseng VESA drivers
From: t890449@patan.fi.upm.es ()

Hi, this is my first msg to the Net (actually the 3rd copy of it, dam*ed VI!!).

  Look for the new VPIC6.0, it comes with updated VESA 1.2 drivers for almost every known card. The VESA level is 1.2, and my Tseng4000 24-bit has a nice affair with the driver. 

  Hope it is useful!!


							Bye



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38671
From: eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu (John Peter Kondis)
Subject: I need to make my VGA do shades.

I have a routine that changes the color (RGB) attributes on my
VGA adapter, but it doesn't work in the mode that I need.  
Specifically 68 hex.  An obscure mode, of course, but I need to
change the zillions of colors to 64 shade greyscale, but I do
not have the correct memory address for the pointer I need.

PLEASE, someone, I need the starting address, or maybe somewhere 
I can find it.  Thank you.

John Kondis
eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38672
From: aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <1993Apr22.011720.28958@midway.uchicago.edu>, dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley) writes:
|> In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
|> >
|> >
|> >I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
|> >for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
|> >a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
|> >
|> >Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
|> >
|> >Thank you.
|> >
|> >Andre Boisvert
|> >beaver@rot.qc.ca
|> >
|> An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
|> World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
|> than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
|> and PhotoShop for Windows.  David
|> 

I don't know about that...I've used Photoshop 2.5 on both a 486dx-50 and a Quadra
950...I'd say they are roughly equal.  If anything the 486 was faster.

Both systems were running in 24 bit color and had the same amount of RAM (16 megs)
I also believe the quadra had one of those photoshop accelerators.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38673
From: aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar)
Subject: Re: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

In article <1993Apr22.021708.13381@hparc0.aus.hp.com>, doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons) writes:
|> FOMBARON marc (fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr) wrote:
|> : Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
|> : Thank you for helping
|> 
|> 
|> No.  As I recall, the only differences are in the 3ds.set parameters - some
|> of the defaults have changed slightly.  I'll look when I get home and let
|> you know, but there isn't enough to actually warrant upgrading.
|> 
|> douginoz

Wrong...the major improvements for 2.01 and 2.01a are in the use of IPAS routines
for 3d studio.  They have increased in speed anywhere from 30-200% depending
on which ones you use.

All the Yost group IPAS routines that you can buy separate from the 3d studio
package require the use of 2.01 or 2.01a.  They are too slow with 2.00.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38674
From: richter@fossi.hab-weimar.de (Axel Richter)
Subject: True Color Display in POV


Hallo POV-Renderers !
I've got a BocaX3 Card. Now I try to get POV displaying True Colors
while rendering. I've tried most of the options and UNIVESA-Driver
but what happens isn't correct.
Can anybody help me ?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38675
From: inu530n@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au (I Rachmat)
Subject: Fractal compression

Hi... can anybody give me book or reference title to give me a start at 
fractal image compression technique. Helps will be appreciated... thanx

inu530n@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au
inu530n@aurora.cc.monash.edu.au


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38676
From: h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk (Abel)
Subject: Developable Surface

Hi netters,

	I am currently doing some investigations on "Developable Surface".
Can anyone familiar with this topic give me some information or sources
which can allow me to find some infomation of developable surface?
	Thanks for your help!

Abel
h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38677
From: sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543))
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

In article <1r6v3a$rj2@fg1.plk.af.mil>, ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout) writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
|> |> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
|> |> 
|> |> I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.
|> |> 
|> |> There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
|> |> (After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
|> |> setting to static - else the client core-dumped)
|> |> 
|> |> Steve
|> |> -- 
|> |> 
|> |>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
|> |> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
|> |> | Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
|> |> | Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
|> |> | Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
|> |> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
|> |>          (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer
|> I built it on a rs6000 (my only Motif machine) works fine.  I added some objects
|> into dogfight so I could get used to flying.  This was very easy. 
|> All in all Cool!.  
|> Brian

The RS6000 compiler is so forgiving, I think that if you mixed COBOL & pascal
the C compiler still wouldn't complain. :-)

Steve
-- 

         Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
| Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
| Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
| Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
         (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38678
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Alias phone number wanted

What is the phone number for Alias?
A toll-free number is preferred, if available.

Thanks

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38679
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog


In article <1993Apr19.171704.2147@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE> (comp.graphics.gnuplot,comp.graphics), rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube) writes:
>In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
>|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
>|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
>|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
>|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
>|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
>|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
>|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
>|> 				Nishantha
Have you checked out Adobe Illustrator? There are a few Unix versions
for it available, depending on your platform. I know of two Unix versions:
One for Mach (NeXT) and for Irix (SGI). There may be others, such
as for Sun SparcStation, but I don't know for sure.

ttyl,

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38680
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

I've been trying to figure out a way to get Adobe Illustrator
to auto-trace >exactly< what I see on my screen. But it misses
the edges of templates by as many as 6 pixels or more - resulting in images
that are useless  - I need exact tracing, not approximate.

I've tried adjusting the freehand tolerances as well as autotrace
tolerances but it doesn't help. Any suggestions?

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38681
From: lm001@rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE (Erwin H. Keeve)
Subject: Marchin Cubes



Hi there,

is there anybody who know a polygon_reduction algorithm for
marching cube surfaces. e.g. the algirithm of Schroeder,
Siggraph'92.

For any hints, hugs and kisses.

- Erwin

                                                 ,,,
                                                (o o)
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|                               |                                     |
| Erwin Keeve                   | adress:  Peter-Welter-Platz 2       |
|                               |          W-5000 Cologne 1, Germany  |
|                               |                                     |
| Dept. of Computergraphics &   | phone:   +49-221-20189-132 (-192)   |
|          Computeranimation    | FAX:     +49-221-20189-17           |
|                               |                                     |
| Academy of Media Arts Cologne | Email:   keeve@khm.uni-koeln.de     |
|_______________________________|_____________________________________|


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38682
From: u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (jih-shin ho)
Subject: disp135 [0/7]



I have posted disp135.zip to alt.binaries.pictures.utilities


******   You may distribute this program freely for non-commercial use
         if no fee is gained.
******   There is no warranty. The author is not responsible for any
         damage caused by this program.


Important changes since version 1.30:
    Fix bugs in file management system (file displaying).
    Improve file management system (more user-friendly).
    Fix bug in XPM version 3 reading.
    Fix bugs in TARGA reading/writng.
    Fix bug in GEM/IMG reading.
    Add support for PCX and GEM/IMG writing.
    Auto-skip macbinary header.


(1) Introduction:
  This program can let you READ, WRITE and DISPLAY images with different
  formats. It also let you do some special effects(ROTATION, DITHERING ....)
  on image. Its main purpose is to let you convert image among different
  formts.
  Include simple file management system.
  Support 'slide show'.
  There is NO LIMIT on image size.
  Currently this program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.
  If you want to use HiColor or TrueColor, you must have VESA driver.
  If you want to modify video driver, please read section (8).


(2) Hardware Requirement:
  PC 386 or better. MSDOS 3.3 or higher.
  min amount of ram is 4M bytes(Maybe less memory will also work).
  (I recommend min 8M bytes for better performance).
  Hard disk for swapping(virtual memory).

  The following description is borrowed from DJGPP.

  Supported Wares:

  * Up to 128M of extended memory (expanded under VCPI)
  * Up to 128M of disk space used for swapping
  * SuperVGA 256-color mode up to 1024x768
  * 80387
  * XMS & VDISK memory allocation strategies
  * VCPI programs, such as QEMM, DESQview, and 386MAX

  Unsupported:

  * DPMI
  * Microsoft Windows

  Features: 80387 emulator, 32-bit unix-ish environment, flat memory
  model, SVGA graphics.


(3) Installation:
  Video drivers, emu387 and go32.exe are borrowed from DJGPP.
  (If you use Western Digital VGA chips, read readme.wd)
  (This GO32.EXE is a modified version for vesa and is COMPLETELY compatible
   with original version)
+  *** But some people report that this go32.exe is not compatible with
+      other DJGPP programs in their system. If you encounter this problem,
+      DON'T put go32.exe within search path.

  *** Please read runme.bat for how to run this program.

  If you choose xxxxx.grn as video driver, add 'nc 256' to environment
    GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grn nc 256

  If you don't have 80x87, add 'emu x:/xxxxx/emu387' to environment GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grd emu x:/xxxxx/emu387

  **** Notes: 1. I only test tr8900.grn, et4000.grn and vesa.grn.
                 Other drivers are not tested.
              2. I have modified et4000.grn to support 8, 15, 16, 24 bits
                 display. You don't need to use vesa driver.
                 If et4000.grn doesn't work, please try vesa.grn.
              3. For those who want to use HiColor or TrueColor display,
                 please use vesa.grn(except et4000 users).
                 You can find vesa BIOS driver from :
                   wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/graphics
                   godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au: /kjb/MGL


(4) Command Line Switch:

+   Usage : display [-d|--display initial_display_type]
+                   [-s|--sort sort_method]
+                   [-h|-?]

    Display type: 8(SVGA,default), 15, 16(HiColor), 24(TrueColor)
+   Sort method: 'name', 'ext'


(5) Function Key:

    F2 : Change disk drive

+   CTRL-A -- CTRL-Z : change disk drive.

    F3 : Change filename mask (See match.doc)

    F4 : Change parameters

    F5 : Some effects on picture, eg. flip, rotate ....

    F7 : Make Directory

    t : Tag file

    + : Tag group files (See match.doc)

    T : Tag all files

    u : Untag file

    - : Untag group files (See match.doc)

    U : Untag all files

    Ins : Change display type (8,15,16,24) in 'read' & 'screen' menu.

    F6,m,M : Move file(s)

    F8,d,D : Delete file(s)

    r,R : Rename file

    c,C : Copy File(s)

    z,Z : Display first 10 bytes in Ascii, Hex and Dec modes.

+   f,F : Display disk free space.

    Page Up/Down : Move one page

    TAB : Change processing target.

    Arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down: Scroll image.
      Home: Left Most.
      End: Right Most.
      Page Up: Top Most.
      Page Down: Bottom Most.
      in 'screen' & 'effect' menu :
        Left,Right arrow: Change display type(8, 15, 16, 24 bits)

    s,S : Slide Show. ESCAPE to terminate.

    ALT-X : Quit program without prompting.

+   ALT-A : Reread directory.

    Escape : Abort function and return.


(6) Support Format:

  Read: GIF(.gif), Japan MAG(.mag), Japan PIC(.pic), Sun Raster(.ras),
        Jpeg(.jpg), XBM(.xbm), Utah RLE(.rle), PBM(.pbm), PGM(.pgm),
        PPM(.ppm), PM(.pm), PCX(.pcx), Japan MKI(.mki), Tiff(.tif),
        Targa(.tga), XPM(.xpm), Mac Paint(.mac), GEM/IMG(.img),
        IFF/ILBM(.lbm), Window BMP(.bmp), QRT ray tracing(.qrt),
        Mac PICT(.pct), VIS(.vis), PDS(.pds), VIKING(.vik), VICAR(.vic),
        FITS(.fit), Usenix FACE(.fac).

        the extensions in () are standard extensions.

  Write: GIF, Sun Raster, Jpeg, XBM, PBM, PGM, PPM, PM, Tiff, Targa,
         XPM, Mac Paint, Ascii, Laser Jet, IFF/ILBM, Window BMP,
+        Mac PICT, VIS, FITS, FACE, PCX, GEM/IMG.

  All Read/Write support full color(8 bits), grey scale, b/w dither,
      and 24 bits image, if allowed for that format.


(7) Detail:

   Initialization:
      Set default display type to highest display type.
      Find allowable screen resolution(for .grn video driver only).

   1. When you run this program, you will enter 'read' menu. Whthin this
      menu you can press any function key except F5. If you move or copy
      files, you will enter 'write' menu. the 'write' menu is much like
      'read' menu, but only allow you to change directory.
+       The header line in 'read' menu includes "(d:xx,f:xx,t:xx)".
+         d : display type. f: number of files. t: number of tagged files.
      pressing SPACE in 'read' menu will let you select which format to use
        for reading current file.
      pressing RETURN in 'read' menu will let you reading current file. This
        program will automatically determine which format this file is.
        The procedure is: First, check magic number. If fail, check
        standard extension. Still fail, report error.
      pressing s or S in 'read' menu will do 'Slide Show'.
        If delay time is 0, program will wait until you hit a key
          (except ESCAPE).
        If any error occurs, program will make a beep.
        ESCAPE to terminate.
      pressing Ins in 'read' menu will change display type.
      pressing ALT-X in 'read' menu will quit program without prompting.

   2. Once image file is successfully read, you will enter 'screen' menu.
      Within this menu F5 is turn on. You can do special effect on image.
      pressing RETURN: show image.
        in graphic mode, press RETURN, SPACE or ESCAPE to return to text
        mode.
      pressing TAB: change processing target. This program allows you to do
        special effects on 8-bit or 24-bit image.
      pressing Left,Right arrow: change display type. 8, 15, 16, 24 bits.
      pressing SPACE: save current image to file.
        B/W Dither: save as black/white image(1 bit).
        Grey Scale: save as grey image(8 bits).
        Full Color: save as color image(8 bits).
        True Color: save as 24-bit image.

        This program will ask you some questions if you want to write image
        to file. Some questions are format-dependent. Finally This program
        will prompt you a filename. If you want to save file under another
        directory other than current directory, please press SPACE. after
        pressing SPACE, you will enter 'write2' menu. You can change
        directory to what you want. Then,

        pressing SPACE: this program will prompt you 'original' filename.
        pressing RETURN: this program will prompt you 'selected' filename
                      (filename under bar).


  3. This program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.

  4. This Program is MEMORY GREEDY. If you don't have enough memory,
     the performance is poor.

  5. If you want to save 8 bits image :
       try GIF then TIFF(LZW) then TARGA then Sun Raster then BMP then ...

     If you want to save 24 bits image (lossless):
       try TIFF(LZW) or TARGA or ILBM or Sun Raster
       (No one is better for true 24bits image)

  6. I recommend Jpeg for storing 24 bits images, even 8 bits images.

  7. Not all subroutines are fully tested

  8. This document is not well written. If you have any PROBLEM, SUGGESTION,
     COMMENT about this program,
     Please send to u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (140.113.11.13).
     I need your suggestion to improve this program.
     (There is NO anonymous ftp on this site)


(8) Tech. information:
  Program (user interface and some subroutines) written by Jih-Shin Ho.
  Some subroutines are borrowed from XV(2.21) and PBMPLUS(dec 91).
  Tiff(V3.2) and Jpeg(V4) reading/writing are through public domain
    libraries.
  Compiled with DJGPP.
  You can get whole DJGPP package from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
    For example, wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/djgpp


(9) For Thoese who want to modify video driver:
   1. get GRX source code from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
   2. For HiColor and TrueColor:
        15 bits : # of colors is set to 32768.
        16 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc010.
        24 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc018.


Acknowledgment:
  I would like to thank the authors of XV and PBMPLUS for their permission
    to let me use their subroutines.
  Also I will thank the authors who write Tiff and Jpeg libraries.
  Thank DJ. Without DJGPP I can't do any thing on PC.


                                            Jih-Shin Ho
                                   u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38683
From: schmidt@PrakInf.TH-Ilmenau.DE (Schmidt)
Subject: Re: POV file constructor for Unix/X11

In article <1r7hl1$csc@st-james.comp.vuw.ac.nz>, Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (chumphre) writes:
|> 
|> Hi, I'm just getting into PoVRay and I was wondering if there is a graphic
|> package that outputs .POV files.  Any help would be appreciated.
|> Thanks.
|> 

A very good modeling package I found is `irit' (look for irit.tar.Z).
However there is no converter from it's format to POV format. I postet 
a request for such a converter in this group but got no response,
so I'm considering to write such a program myself.


-- 
Sebastian Schmidt			
TU Ilmenau Institut f. praktische Informatik 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38684
From: tp892275@vine.canberra.edu.au (C. Mierzanowski)
Subject: Which Video Card? (Please HELP)


I've got a 386 20Hz computer which is under warranty and my Trident
8900C video card is starting to play-up (surprise, surprise). Therefore
I'm going to try to exchange it for a better card.

The BIG Question is:

Which video card is high quality and with an
acceptable price tag (on student budget) ???

	Thank you in advance.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38685
From: bernard@cs.su.oz.au (Bernard Gardner)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

For some reason I never saw the original post on this thread, but if you are
looking for fast polygon routines on vga on a PC, you really can't go past
the mode X stuff from Dr Dobbs. This code is all p.domain (as far as I know),
and in the original articles, the routines were all presented as dumb vga
routines, and then optimised to modeX with some interesting discussion along
the way.
If you are interested, I could find out more details of the issues in question,
(I have them at home).

Bernard.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38686
From: ger@cv.ruu.nl (Ger Timmens)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog

In <0010580B.vma7o9@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:


>In article <1993Apr19.171704.2147@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE> (comp.graphics.gnuplot,comp.graphics), rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube) writes:
>>In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
>>|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
>>|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
>>|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
>>|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
>>|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
>>|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
>>|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
>>|> 				Nishantha
>Have you checked out Adobe Illustrator? There are a few Unix versions
>for it available, depending on your platform. I know of two Unix versions:
>One for Mach (NeXT) and for Irix (SGI). There may be others, such
>as for Sun SparcStation, but I don't know for sure.

You can include postscript epsi files in xfig (encapsulated postscript
info files). You can't actually edit the postscript file, but you're able
to draw over the postscript file.

There a eps to epsi converter: eps2epsi (perl program),

Succes,
-- 
Ger Timmens (ger@cv.ruu.nl) 3DCV Research Group, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Tel.: +31 -30 50 67 11;      Room: F.01.7.03;      Fax.: +31 -30 51 33 99
  Unquestionably, there is progress.  The average American now pays out
  twice as much in taxes as he formerly got in wages. --- H. L. Mencken

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38687
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: Any good Morphing Anims...

==============================================================================
Has anyone created any interesting animations using Dmorph
I seem to be unable to create anything that looks remotely
realistic although this is probably due to the crappy GIF's
at I am using (One of Captain Kirk and One of Spock), i'm a
bit of a 'Trekker'.  What are the best type of pictures to use.
thanks........
            A.Situnayake

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38688
From: MCAVALCANTI%VORTEX.UFRGS.BR@UICVM.UIC.EDU
Subject: DTP

Please Ineed information about desk top publishe- post graduate courses
and if possible email address or normal mail.
thanks in advance

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38689
From: hintmatt@cwis.isu.edu (HINTZE_MATTHEW)
Subject: Re: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?

    I bought the diamond stealth 24 a few months ago.  it seems to be a
great card especially with my multimedia presentations.  It runs graphics
and animation as well as some near full motion video very well.  The only
thing I can tell that it lacks is speed above 256 colors.  Its qualit in
between 256 and 16.7 million collors un unreal but you definitly
compromise speed.  It seems to be a great card for graphics and it comes
with some great software, but Im not so sure about the excelerator
part.  I used to own a paridise and it doesnt seem to be much faster
than that.  One thing I do like is that it loads its own vesa driver
from ROM at startup, (I think) because I have never had to load it for
links386 or any other programs that require special VESA drivers at
startup. 



gromi a16pd


                                       HINTMATT@BA.BA.ISU.EDU



-- 




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38690
From: ldawes@uahcs2.cs.uah.edu (Lisa Dawes)
Subject: gif aerial maps?

Is there an ftp site for maps of the US.  Preferably aerial
photographs?

Thanks


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38691
From: jbalgley@bbn.com (Jon Balgley)
Subject: Hidden-line removal program

I'm posting this for a friend:

  I have an immediate need for a polygon-based hidden-line removal  
  program.  I can deal with any input/output format, but I need to be able  
  to do perspective views in any orientation and range.

  Is there a public-domain hidden-line program around?  It seems like  
  there should be, but I have not been able to locate one.

Email replies and I will summarize.
Thanks

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38692
From: louis@loa.citilille.fr (Louis Gonzalez 20-43-41-19)
Subject: SPHINX: Satellite Image Processing under X11


****************************   SPHINX   ***************************

	Sphinx is a user-friendly, state-of-the-art image processing
and analysis package that runs across a spectrum of high performance 
computer platforms operating UNIX and the X-Window System.

	It was created to meet to the daily research needs of scientists 
conducting climate investigations using satellite data and remote
sensing techniques. 

		   Intuitive Graphic Interface

	Sphinx features an interactive interface with pop-up menus and 
point-and-click dialog boxes which makes image processing and
analysis simple and fast.
	This accessible menuing enables you to build attractive image 
layouts quickly while also providing you the flexibility of returning
to the main menu to conduct other image analysis and processing operations.

		    Image Format Compatibility

	Using smart read/write functions, Sphinx allows you to easily open
and save image files in a variety of formats using bit, integer or real
data values.  Sphinx also reads and writes the common TIFF and GIF formats
as well as compresses and decompresses image formats to save disk space.

		    Image Analysis & Processing

	For image and pixel analysis, the Sphinx package includes an
assortment of processing tools that perform useful statistical and 
mathematical filtering operations, such as Fourier transforms, convolution 
product or principal component analyses.
An interactive interpreter for both algebraic equations and images allows
the user to manipulate and combine individual data channels interactively.
Standard FORTRAN notation is used for formula entry and for trig
onometric and transcendental functions.

		    Satellite Spectra & Orbit Analysis

	Sphinx possesses functions to simulate satellite signal sensitivity
for various meteorological satellites (e.g., GOES, METEOSAT, NOAA, Spot etc.).
The simulations are conducted for a selection of standard atmospheric and
surface conditions and instrument spectral bands.
A geometry model computes the solar zenith angles, warping, orbit simulation,
and 3-D image projection.

		    Easy External Program Interfacing

	Sphinx allows users the flexibility to integrate externally
developed software algorithms for processing and converting satellite
observations.  Sphinx exports and imports image files and image parameters
to external programs using special interface functions.

		    Quick Quality Presentation

	Sphinx rapidly displays, manipulates, and enhances high-resolution
multispectral images and color tables.  Using six 8-bit 1024x1024 image
planes and one graphics plane, the package conveniently combines color images,
graphics and text to generate sharp digital images for articles and reports.
Sphinx's 2-D and 3-D graphics editor provides complete flexibility for modifying
and integrating vector graphics and analysis plots with images, such as 
histograms and radial graphs.  The package supplies color and gray scale
output for standard inkjet and laser printers.
	Other Capabilities Sphinx also performs image animation, external 
graphics importing, mosaic fitting... what else?

		    Software Support & Development

	 Sphinx was developed at the Laboratoire d'Optique Atmospherique (LOA)
 of the Universite de Lille, France.
The package has received critical feedback and support from scientists at
the French national laboratory, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS),
and the French space agency, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES).
At LOA, Sphinx undergoes continued refinement and development to meet changing
research needs and advances in computer technology.  The package, which features
on-line help, is supported by an Internet address

 sphinx@loasil.citilille.fr through which questions can be answered and
 version updates provided without delay.

		    Performance Tested

 	CNES has selected Sphinx to analyze and process the satellite data 
collected during the upcoming ADEOS/POLDER satellite mission.  Today,
the Sphinx package is in use at the NASA - Goddard Space Flight Center
and is widely used in many French laboratories, including
the Centre de Recherche en Physique de l'Environnement, Ecole Normale Superieure ,
Laboratoire d' Etudes et de Recherches en Teledetection Spatiale,  Laboratoire 
de Meteorologie Dynamique.


   A TEST VERSION OF SPHINX IS AVAILABLE AT loasil.citilille.fr
   (134.206.50.4) anonymous (bin : cd SPHINX : get ALL_SPHINX.tar.Z)

   IN THE TEST VERSION THE OUTPUT FILES ARE DISABLE. HOWEVER THE
   VISUALISATION AND GRAPHIC FUNCTIONS ARE AVAILABLE. THIS IS
   SUFFICIENT TO WORK WITH.

   IF YOU ARE INTERESTED IN KEEPING "SPHINX", SEND US YOUR EMAIL
   AND YOU WILL RECEIVE NEWS ABOUT THE PACKAGE EVOLUTION.

   THE SOFTWARE IS CHANGING WITH USER SUGGESTIONS WE WILL
   APPRECIATE YOUR COMMENTS.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38693
From: patrick@Erc.MsState.Edu (Patrick Bridges)
Subject: Re: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?

The real problem w/ the Stealth from what I've heard is that Diamond won't
tell anyone how to program their proprietary clock stuff, so X under Linux
and 386BSD won't run....


					Patrick Bridges
					patrick@erc.msstate.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38694
From: dgf1@ellis.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <1r85m2$k66@agate.berkeley.edu> aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar) writes:
>In article <1993Apr22.011720.28958@midway.uchicago.edu>, dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley) writes:
>|> In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
>|> >
>|> >
>|> >I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
>|> >for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
>|> >a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
>|> >
>|> >Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
>|> >
>|> >Thank you.
>|> >
>|> >Andre Boisvert
>|> >beaver@rot.qc.ca
>|> >
>|> An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
>|> World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
>|> than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
>|> and PhotoShop for Windows.  David
>|> 
>
>I don't know about that...I've used Photoshop 2.5 on both a 486dx-50 and a Quadra
>950...I'd say they are roughly equal.  If anything the 486 was faster.
>
>Both systems were running in 24 bit color and had the same amount of RAM (16 megs)
>I also believe the quadra had one of those photoshop accelerators.

I went back and looked at the review again.  They claim there were
significant differences in manipulating a 27 meg test file, but with
smaller files, the two platforms were the about the same.  David

-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38695
From: dgf1@ellis.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:
>I've been trying to figure out a way to get Adobe Illustrator
>to auto-trace >exactly< what I see on my screen. But it misses
>the edges of templates by as many as 6 pixels or more - resulting in images
>that are useless  - I need exact tracing, not approximate.
>
>I've tried adjusting the freehand tolerances as well as autotrace
>tolerances but it doesn't help. Any suggestions?
>
>--
>charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
>cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
>+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

I've had exactly the same problems in Aldus Freehand.  I think autotracing
is one of those "features" that barely works, but everybody feels compelled
to throw it in because the other guys are doing it.  :)



-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38696
From: 8910782@sunvax.sun.ac.za
Subject: Rayshade query

Hi there

I am very interested in Rayshade 4.00. I have managed to make a chessboard
for Rayshade. Unfortunately I still have to do the knight (horse). Any ideas?
I am also looking for a surface for the chesspieces. The board is marble.
Unfortunately black won't work very well for the one side. Anybody with ideas
for nice surfaces?

I would also like to use the image command of rayshade and the heightfield
command. Unfortunately the manual is very vague about this, and I don't have
Craig Kolb's email address. Anybody with ideas, because this is essential
for my next venture into raytracing.

Where should I post the finished chessboard?

Is there anybody else using rayshade on non-Unix systems?

How fast does Unix render?

Thanks

Rayshade is the best program for people who loves graphics, but have no
artistic talent.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38697
From: renes@ecpdsharmony.cern.ch (Rene S. Dutch student)
Subject: InterViews graphics package


Hello,

I'm trying out the C++ graphics package InterViews. Besides the man pages
on the classes, I haven't got any documentation. Is there anything else
around? Furthermore, can anyone send me a (small!) example program
which shows how to use these classes together ? I would be very gratefull...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38698
From: leyfre@McRCIM.McGill.EDU (Frederic Leymarie)
Subject: Re: Developable Surface


In article <C5x9xs.KHE@hkuxb.hku.hk>, h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk (Abel) writes:
|> Hi netters,

|> 	I am currently doing some investigations on "Developable Surface".
|> Can anyone familiar with this topic give me some information or sources
|> which can allow me to find some infomation of developable surface?
|> 	Thanks for your help!

|> Abel
|> h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk

A developable surface is s.t. you can lay it (or roll it) flat on the
plane (it may require you to give it a "cut" though...)

E.g., a cylinder, a cone, a plane (of course!) or any surface or patch
having vanishing Gaussian (intrinsic) curvature (i.e., with singular
Hessian, the matrix of 2nd derivatives for an adequate coordinate patch)
are "developable". In more technical words, a developable surface is
"locally isometric to a plane" at all points.


Think also of the sphere (or the earth) which in a non-developable:
whatever way(s) you cut it, you will not be able to lay flat any pieces
of it... (its intrinsic curvature is nowhere vanishing).

For more details on this look at any book on differential geometry
which treats surfaces (2D manifolds); e.g., M. do Carmo's book:

@Book{Carmo76Differential,
  author =      {do Carmo, Manfredo P.},
  title =       {Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces},
  year =        1976,
  publisher =   {Prentice-Hall},
  note =        {503 pages.}}

Enjoy!
-- 
Frederic Leymarie -- leyfre@mcrcim.mcgill.edu
McGill University, Electrical Eng. Dept., McRCIM,    |	Tel.: (514) 398-8236
3480 University St., Montreal, QC, CANADA, H3A 2A7.  |	FAX:  (514) 398-7348

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38699
From: pinky@tamu.edu (The Man behind The Curtain)
Subject: Views on isomorphic perspectives?

                             
I'm working upon a game using an isometric perspective, similar to
that used in Populous.  Basically, you look into a room that looks
similar to the following:

                             xxxx
                         xxxxx   xxxx
                     xxxx    x       xxxx
                 xxxx        x           xxxx
             xxxx     2      xxxx     1      xxxx
             x           xxxx    xxxx           x
             x       xxxx            xxxx       x
             x   xxxx             o      xxxx   x
             xxxx              3 /|\         xxxx
                 xxxx            /~\     xxxx
                     xxxx            xxxx
                         xxxx    xxxx
                             xxxx

The good thing about this perspective is that you can look and move
around in three dimensions and still maintain your peripheral vision. [*]

Since your viewpoint is always the same, the routines can be hard-coded
for a particular vantage.  In my case, wall two's rising edge has a slope
of 1/4. (I'm also using Mode X, 320x240).

I've run into two problems; I'm sure that other readers have tried this
before, and have perhaps formulated their own opinions:

1) The routines for drawing walls 1 & 2 were trivial, but when I ran a
packed->planar image through them, I was dismayed by the "jaggies."  I'm
now considered some anti-aliasing routines (speed is not really necessary).
Is it worth the effort to have the artist draw the wall already skewed,
thus being assured of nice image, or is this too much of a burden?

2) Wall 3 presents a problem; the algorithm I used tends to overly distort
the original.  I tried to decide on paper what pixels go where, and failed.
Has anyone come up with method for mapping a planar to crosswise sheared
shape?

Currently I take:

  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64

and produce:
            
             1  2  3  4
33 34 35 36 17 18 19 20  5  6  7  8
49 50 51 52 37 38 39 40 21 22 23 24  9 10 11 12
            53 54 55 56 41 42 43 44 25 26 27 28 13 14 15 16
                        57 58 59 60 45 46 47 48 29 30 31 32
                                    61 62 63 64

Line 1 follows the slope.  Line 2 is directly under line 1.
Line 3 moves up a line and left 4 pixels.  Line 4 is under line 3.
This fills the shape exactly without any unfilled pixels.  But
it causes distortions.  Has anyone come up with a better way?
Perhaps it is necessary to simply draw the original bitmap
already skewed?

Are there any other particularly sticky problems with this perspective?
I was planning on having hidden plane removal by using z-buffering.
Locations are stored in (x,y,z) form.

[*] For those of you who noticed, the top lines of wall 2 (and wall 1)
*are* parallel with its bottom lines.  This is why there appears to
be an optical illusion (ie. it appears to be either the inside or outside
of a cube, depending on your mood).  There are no vanishing points.
This simplifies the drawing code for objects (which don't have to
change size as they move about in the room).  I've decided that this
approximation is alright, since small displacements at a large enough
distance cause very little change in the apparent size of an object in
a real perspective drawing.

Hopefully the "context" of the picture (ie. chairs on the floor, torches
hanging on the walls) will dispell any visual ambiguity.

Thanks in advance for any help.

-- 
Till next time,                \o/   \o/
                                V \o/ V     email:pinky@tamu.edu
<>  Sam  Inala  <>                 V


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38700
From: besmith@uncc.edu (Brian E Smith)
Subject: Re: Rayshade query

In article 5742@sunvax.sun.ac.za, 8910782@sunvax.sun.ac.za () writes:
>I am also looking for a surface for the chesspieces. The board is marble.
>Unfortunately black won't work very well for the one side. Anybody with ideas
>for nice surfaces?

How about brass or silver?  I've seen real chessboards that use that material.

>
>Where should I post the finished chessboard?
>

Right here is as good a place as any.  Can't wait to see it.  I use the POV
raytracer - is it compatible enough for your chessboard?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     "I don't know if you've got the whole picture or not, but it doesn't 
      seem like he's running on all thrusters!" -- Leonard McCoy

     "A guess?  You, Spock?  That's extraordinary!" -- James T. Kirk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Brian Smith  (besmith@mosaic.uncc.edu)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38701
From: spl@dim.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: Finding equally spaced points on a sphere.

In article <4615trd@rpi.edu> deweeset@ptolemy2.rdrc.rpi.edu (Thomas E. DeWeese) writes:
>  Hello, I know that this has been discussed before.  But at the time
>I didn't need to teselate a sphere.  So if any kind soul has the code
>or the alg, that was finally decided upon as the best (as I recall it
>was a nice, iterative subdivision meathod), I would be very 
>appreciative.

Here is one by Andrew "Graphics Gems" Glassner that I got from a
collegue of mine.  I think I fiddled with it a little bit to make it
deal with whatever bizarre problem I was working on at the time but it
is known to work.

							spl
			       - - - -
/* spheres
    ASG     9 Feb 85
    spl Thu Mar  8 17:17:40 EST 1990
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

#define PI 3.141592654

struct Point_struct {
        double x, y, z;
};

static double radius;
static double xorg;
static double yorg;
static double zorg;

do_sphere( r, freq, x, y, z )

  double r;
  int freq;
  double x;
  double y;
  double z;

  {

    int pole;
    double northy, southy, poley;
    double rtheta, rtheta2, ntheta, ntheta2, magicangle;
    double theta, thetastart, thisy, den, t;
    struct Point_node *pnp;
    struct Point_struct p1, p2, p3, p4, n1, n2, n3, n4, pt;

    radius = r;
    xorg = x;
    yorg = y;
    zorg = z;

/* north pole */

    magicangle = 30.0*PI/180.0;
    northy = radius*sin(magicangle);
    southy = -radius*sin(magicangle);
    for (pole=0; pole<2; pole++) {

      if (pole==0) {

        poley=radius;   
        thisy=northy; 
        thetastart=0.0; 

      }
      else { 

        poley= -radius; 
        thisy=southy; 
        thetastart=36.0; 

      }
      for ( theta = thetastart; theta < 360.0; theta += 60.0 ) {

        rtheta = theta*PI/180.0;
        rtheta2 = (theta+60.0)*PI/180.0;
        p1.x = 0.0;  
        p1.y = poley;  
        p1.z = 0.0;  
        p2.x = radius*cos(rtheta);
        p2.y = thisy;
        p2.z = radius*sin(rtheta);
        p3.x = radius*cos(rtheta2);
        p3.y = thisy;
        p3.z = radius*sin(rtheta2);

        if (pole==0) {

/* make ring go the other way so normals are right */

          pt.x = p3.x;  
          pt.y = p3.y;  
          pt.z = p3.z;  
          p3.x = p2.x;  
          p3.y = p2.y;  
          p3.z = p2.z;  
          p2.x = pt.x;  
          p2.y = pt.y;  
          p2.z = pt.z;  

        }

        den = (p1.x*p1.x)+(p1.y*p1.y)+(p1.z*p1.z);  
        den = sqrt(den);

        if (den != 0.0) {

          t = radius / den; 
          p1.x *= t;  
          p1.y *= t;  
          p1.z *= t;

        }

        den = (p2.x*p2.x)+(p2.y*p2.y)+(p2.z*p2.z);  
        den = sqrt(den);

        if (den != 0.0) {

          t = radius / den; 
          p2.x *= t;  
          p2.y *= t;  
          p2.z *= t;

        }

        den = (p3.x*p3.x)+(p3.y*p3.y)+(p3.z*p3.z);  
        den = sqrt(den);

        if (den != 0.0) {

          t = radius / den; 
          p3.x *= t;  
          p3.y *= t;  
          p3.z *= t;

        }

        subdivide_tri(&p1,&p2,&p3,freq);

      }

    }

/* now the body */

    for (theta=0.0; theta<360.0; theta += 60.0) {

      rtheta = theta*PI/180.0;  
      rtheta2 = (theta+60.0)*PI/180.0;
      ntheta = (theta+36.0)*PI/180.0; 
      ntheta2 = (theta+96.0)*PI/180.0;
      p1.x = radius*cos(rtheta);   
      p1.y = northy;  
      p1.z = radius*sin(rtheta);
      p2.x = radius*cos(rtheta2);  
      p2.y = northy;  
      p2.z = radius*sin(rtheta2);
      p3.x = radius*cos(ntheta);   
      p3.y = southy;  
      p3.z = radius*sin(ntheta);
      p4.x = radius*cos(ntheta2);  
      p4.y = southy;  
      p4.z = radius*sin(ntheta2);

      den = (p1.x*p1.x)+(p1.y*p1.y)+(p1.z*p1.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);

      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den; 
        p1.x *= t;  
        p1.y *= t;  
        p1.z *= t;

      }

      den = (p2.x*p2.x)+(p2.y*p2.y)+(p2.z*p2.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);

      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den; 
        p2.x *= t;  
        p2.y *= t;  
        p2.z *= t;

      }
      den = (p3.x*p3.x)+(p3.y*p3.y)+(p3.z*p3.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den; 
        p3.x *= t;  
        p3.y *= t;  
        p3.z *= t;

      }
      den = (p4.x*p4.x)+(p4.y*p4.y)+(p4.z*p4.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den; 
        p4.x *= t;  
        p4.y *= t;  
        p4.z *= t;

      }

      subdivide_tri(&p1,&p2,&p3,freq);
      subdivide_tri(&p3,&p2,&p4,freq);

    }

    return;

  }

#define norm_pt(v) { register double r = sqrt( ( ( v )->x * ( v )->x ) + \
                                               ( ( v )->y * ( v )->y ) + \
                                               ( ( v )->z * ( v )->z ) ); \
                     ( v )->x /= r; \
                     ( v )->y /= r; \
                     ( v )->z /= r; \
                    }

subdivide_tri(p1,p2,p3,a)

  struct Point_struct *p1, *p2, *p3;
  int a;

  {

    struct Point_struct n1, n2, n3;
    struct Point_struct p12, p13, p23;
    double den, t;

    if (a>0) {

      p12.x = (p1->x+p2->x)/2.0;
      p12.y = (p1->y+p2->y)/2.0;
      p12.z = (p1->z+p2->z)/2.0;
      den = (p12.x*p12.x)+(p12.y*p12.y)+(p12.z*p12.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den;
        p12.x *= t;  
        p12.y *= t;  
        p12.z *= t;

      }
      p13.x = (p1->x+p3->x)/2.0;
      p13.y = (p1->y+p3->y)/2.0;
      p13.z = (p1->z+p3->z)/2.0;
      den = (p13.x*p13.x)+(p13.y*p13.y)+(p13.z*p13.z); 
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den;
        p13.x *= t;  
        p13.y *= t;  
        p13.z *= t;

      }
      p23.x = (p2->x+p3->x)/2.0;
      p23.y = (p2->y+p3->y)/2.0;
      p23.z = (p2->z+p3->z)/2.0;
      den = (p23.x*p23.x)+(p23.y*p23.y)+(p23.z*p23.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den;
        p23.x *= t;  
        p23.y *= t;  
        p23.z *= t;

      }
      subdivide_tri(p1,  &p12,&p13,a-1);
      subdivide_tri(&p12, p2, &p23,a-1);
      subdivide_tri(&p13,&p23, p3, a-1);
      subdivide_tri(&p12,&p23,&p13,a-1);

    } else {

      n1.x = p1->x;  
      n1.y = p1->y;  
      n1.z = p1->z;  
      norm_pt(&n1);
      n2.x = p2->x;  
      n2.y = p2->y;  
      n2.z = p2->z;  
      norm_pt(&n2);
      n3.x = p3->x;  
      n3.y = p3->y;  
      n3.z = p3->z;  
      norm_pt(&n3);

/* nothing special about this poly */

      printf( "%f %f %f  %f %f %f\n", p1->x + xorg,
                                      p1->y + yorg,
                                      p1->z + zorg,
                                      n1.x, n1.y, n1.z );
      printf( "%f %f %f  %f %f %f\n", p2->x + xorg,
                                      p2->y + yorg,
                                      p2->z + zorg,
                                      n2.x, n2.y, n2.z );
      printf( "%f %f %f  %f %f %f\n", p3->x + xorg,
                                      p3->y + yorg,
                                      p3->z + zorg,
                                      n3.x, n3.y, n3.z );

    }

    return;

  }
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"My other car is a car, too."
                 - Bumper strip seen on I-805

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38702
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: Fonts in POV??


In article <1qg9fc$et9@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au>, g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad) writes:
|> 
|> 
|> 	I have seen several ray-traced scenes (from MTV or was it 
|> RayShade??) with stroked fonts appearing as objects in the image.
|> The fonts/chars had color, depth and even textures associated with
|> them.  Now I was wondering, is it possible to do the same in POV??
|> 

Hi Noel,

I've made some attempts to write a converter that reads Adobe Type 1 fonts,
triangulates them, bevelizes them and extrudes them to result in a generic
3d object which could be used with PoV f.i.

The problem I'm currently stuck on is that theres no algorithm which
triangulates any arbitrary polygonal shape. Delaunay seems to be limited
to convex hulls. Constrained delaunay may be okay, but I have no code
example of how to do it.

Another way to do the bartman may be

- TGA2POV
- A selfmade variation of this, using heightfields.

  Create a b/w picture (BIG) of the text you need, f.i. using a PostScript
  previewer. Then, use this as a heightfield. If it is white on black,
  the heightfield is exactly the images white parts (it's still open
  on the backside). To close it, mirror it and compound it with the original.

Example:

object {
   union {
      height_field { gif "abp2.gif" }
      height_field { gif "abp2.gif" scale <1 -1 1>}
   }
   texture {
      Glass
   }
   translate <-0.5 0 -0.5>      //center
   rotate <-90 0 0>             // rotate upwards
   scale  <10 5 100>            // scale bigger and thicker
   translate <0 2 0>            // final placement
}


abp2.gif is a GIF of arbitrary size containing "ABP" black on white in
Times-Roman 256 points.

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38703
From: samson@prlhp1.prl.philips.co.uk (Mark Samson)
Subject: Psygnosis CD-I titles (was Re: Rumours about 3DO ???)

In article <1993Apr20.130854.27039@rchland.ibm.com> ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado) writes:
>
>   Anyway, still with 15Mhz, you need sprites for a lot of tricks for
>making cool awesome games (read psygnosis).

Speaking of Psygnosis, they have licensed games to Philips Interative
Media International for CD-I.

The following was recently posted in a message in the CD-I section of
the Multimedia Forum.

"Seventh Guest has been licensed by Virgin Games to Philips Interactive
Media International for worldwide CD-I rights. Were also licensed to
P.I.M.I. Litil Divil from Gremlin Graphics (UK) and Microcosm from
Psygnosis (UK). Those three titles will be adapted on CD-I using the full
potential of the FMV cartridge, meaning, using the additional memory as
well as the motion video capabilities. Those titles have been negociated
in Europe but will be available worldwide.

Also, Lemmings 1 & 2 have been licensed from Psygnosis, as well as Striker
Soccer from Rage (UK)."

I don't know when these titles will be available or when work on them even
started (so don't expect your CD-I retailer to have them yet).

There was also some mention of future Nintendo CD-I games in an issue of the
UK magazine ERT - Mario Hotel was mentioned as having 75 levels.

Mark

[Although I work for Philips, I don't work on CD-I or multimedia. The above
info is just provided in good faith from what I've read and does not
represent any statement from Philips]

******************************************************************************
Mark Samson: Information Technology Group, Philips Research Laboratories,       
Cross Oak Lane, Redhill, Surrey RH1 5HA                                         
Tel(my Ext): 0293 815387 Tel(labs): 0293 785544 Telex: 877261 Fax: 0293 776495
Email:- SERI: samson@prlhp0  UNIX: samson@prl.philips.co.uk                  
Binary files: packages@prlhp0
******************************************************************************


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38704
From: sherry@a.cs.okstate.edu (SHERRY ROBERT MICH)
Subject: Re: .SCF files, help needed

From article <1993Apr21.013846.1374@cx5.com>, by tlc@cx5.com:
> 
> 
> I've got an old demo disk that I need to view. It was made using RIX Softworks.  
> The files on the two diskette set end with: .scf
> 
> The demo was VGA resolution (256 colors), but I don't know the spatial  
> resolution.
> 

According to my ColoRIX manual .SCF files are 640x480x256

> First problem: When I try to run the demo, the screen has two black bars that  
> cut across (horizontally) the screen, in the top third and bottom third of the  
> screen. The bars are about 1-inch wide. Other than this, the demo (the  
> animation part) seems to be running fine.
> 
> Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display  
> these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf  
> files.
> 

You may try VPIC, I think it handles the 256 color RIX files OK..


Rob Sherry
sherry@a.cs.okstate.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38705
From: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov (Chris Johnston)
Subject: Re: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

As I understand it, THe difference between 3D Studio 2.00 and 2.01 is mainly
in the IPAS interface, along with a few small bug fixes. The IPAS code runs
a lot faster in the newest version.

-- 
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chris Johnston                  (216) 433-5029                            |
| Materials Engineer		  (216) 433-5033                            |
| NASA Lewis Research Center   Internet: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov          |
| 21000 Brookpark Rd MS 105-1		 				    |
| Cleveland, OH 4413 USA	Resistance is futile!			    |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38706
From: aleahy@cch.coventry.ac.uk (ODD FROG)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
>
>
>I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
>for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
>a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
>

Also photoshopII is out soon, has anyone got a date and any cofmments?
Andy

        _______________________________________________________
        | Andrew Leahy | aleahy@cch.coventry.ac.uk | Odd FROG |
        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
"What a piece of work is man! how noble in reason! how infinite in faculties! 
 in form and moving, how express and admirable! in action how like an angel!
   in apprehension how like a god! the beauty of the world, the paragon of
        animals! And yet to me what is the quintessence if dust? 
                      Man delights not me....... "
                                                  Shakespeare, Hamlet

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38707
From: brian@porky.contex.com (Brian Love)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <25335@alice.att.com> td@alice.att.com (Tom Duff) writes:
>ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:
>> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?
>Forty-two is six times nine.

...for very small values of six and nine.

(Sorry, Tom, I couldn't resist...)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38708
From: erikb@idt.unit.no (Erik Brenn)
Subject: graphics formats

I'm currently looking for information about different graphics
formats, especially PPM, PCX BMP and perhaps GIF.
Does anyone know if there exist any files at some site
that describes these formats ???

Thanks !


-- 
          ~~~                       
         (o o)           | Erik Brenn ,email: erikb@idt.unit.no
        (  O  )   oOOO   | Faculty of Computer Science & Telematics
         \\_//    / /    | The Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim
-oOOO--------------------| Not to make sense, just cents ! 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38709
From: IMAGING.CLUB@OFFICE.WANG.COM ("Imaging Club")
Subject: Re: WANTED: Info on Image Databases

Padmini Srivathsa in Wisconsin writes:

>I would like references to any introductory material on image
>databases.

I'd be happy to US (international) Snail mail technical information on
imaging databases to anyone who needs it, if you can provide me with your
address for hard copy (not Email).  We're focusing mostly on Open PACE,
Oracle, Ingres, Adabas, Sybase, and Gupta, regarding our imaging
databases installed.  (We have over 1,000 installed and in production now;
most of the new ones going in are on Novell LANs, the RS/6000, and now HP
Unix workstations.)  We work with Visual Basic too.

Michael.Willett@OFFICE.Wang.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38710
From: prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk (Martin Preston)
Subject: Problems grabbing a block of a Starbase screen.

At the moment i'm trying to grab a portion of a Starbase screen, and store it
in an area of memory. The data needs to be in a 24-bit format (which
shouldn't be a problem as the app is running on a 24 bit screen), though
i'm not too fussy about the exact format.

(I actually intend to write the data out as a TIFF but that bits not the
problem)

Does anyone out there know how to grab a portion of the screen? The
block_read call seems to grab the screen, but not in 24 bit colour,
whatever the screen/window type i get 1 byte per pixel. 

thanks in advance,

Martin




--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Martin Preston,      (m.preston@manchester.ac.uk)    | Computer Graphics |
|Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, |    is just        |
|University of Manchester,                            |  a load of balls. |
|Manchester, U.K., M13 9PL     Phone : 061 275 6095   |                   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38711
From: tom@inferno.UUCP (Tom Sherwin)
Subject: Re: XV under MS-DOS ?!?

|> Hi ... Recently I found XV for MS-DOS in a subdirectory of GNU-CC (GNUISH). I 
|> use frequently XV on a Sun Spark Station 1 and I never had problems, but when I
|> start it on my computer with -h option, it display the help menu and when I
|> start it with a GIF-File my Hard disk turns 2 or 3 seconds and the prompt come
|> back.
|> 
|> My computer is a little 386/25 with copro, 4 Mega rams, Tseng 4000 (1M) running
|> MS-DOS 5.0 with HIMEM.SYS and no EMM386.SYS. I had the GO32.EXE too... but no
|> driver who run with it.
|> 
|> Do somenone know the solution to run XV ??? any help would be apprecied..
|> 		

You probably need an X server running on top of MS DOS.  I use Desqview/X
but any MS-DOS X server should do.

-- 

       XX           X  Technical documentation is writing 90% of the words
        XX         X  for 10% of the features that only 1% of the customers
         XX       X  actually use.
          XX     X  -------------------------------------------------------
  A PC to  XX   X  I don't have opinions, I have factual interpretations...
 the power  XX X                                 -Me
    of      X XX  ---------------------------------------------------------
           X   XX  ...uunet!rutgers!mcdhup!inferno!tom can be found at
          X     XX               Periphonics Corporation
         X       XX  4000 Veterans Memorial Highway  Bohemia, NY 11716
        X         XX  ----------------------------------------------------
       X           XX  They pay me to write, not express their opinions...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38712
From: zeno@phylo.genetics.washington.edu (Sean Lamont)
Subject: Closed-curve intersection

I would like a reference to an algorithm that can detect whether 
one closed curve bounded by some number of bezier curves lies completely
within another closed curve bounded by bezier curves.

Thanks.
-- 
Sean T. Lamont                           |   Ask me about the WSI-Fonts
zeno@genetics.washington.edu             |   Professional collection for NeXT 
lamont@abstractsoft.com                  |____________________________________
Abstract Software                                                         

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38713
From: thomas@ramsey.cs.laurentian.ca (F. Thomas)
Subject: print graph on printer

This seems to be a simple problem but I just cannot solve it.
I wrote a C program to draw some polygons on the screen, and I want to 
print it on my printer. So, I press "print-screen" on the keyboard.
The problem is the printer just print out some ASCII characters.
Is there any other way to print the screen without using "print-screen"????
Please help!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38714
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain data

Is there an FTP archive for United States Geological Services (USGS)
terrain data? If so, where?

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38715
From: squeegee@world.std.com (Stephen C. Gilardi)
Subject: Need PostScript strokeadjust info

I need information on the Display PostScript strokeadjust feature.
This feature adjusts the endpoints of lines so that the displayed line
looks better on low resolution devices.

The PostScript literature explains the process to some extent.  They
also give an example of how to "emulate" strokeadjust in PostScript
environments where it is absent.

The suggested emulation is to modify the coordinates of the endpoints
of a line using the following formula for each coordinate:

	new_coord = (round (old_coord - 0.25)) + 0.25
	
Doing this we end up with all coordinates ending in ".25".  From
reading I thought that what they might actually do is:

	new_coord = ((trunc (old_coord * 2)) / 2) + 0.25
	
This results in all the coordinates ending in either "0.25" or "0.75" 
whichever is closer.

By doing some actual comparisons with Display PostScript, I find that
neither of these is what DPS really uses.  Since I like how the DPS
result looks better than how my stuff looks, I'd like to know if
anyone who knows how DPS does it is willing/able to tell me.

Thanks,

--Steve
squeegee@world.std.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38716
From: news@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu
Subject: Package for Fashion Designer?

This article was probably generated by a buggy news reader.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38717
From: gwang@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Ge Wang)
Subject: Packages for Fashion Designers?

Hello, I am looking for commercial software packages for professional
fashion designers.  Any recommendation and pointers are greatly appreciated.
Please e-mail me, if you may.  Thanks a million.  -- Ge

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38718
From: ajackson@cch.coventry.ac.uk (Alan Jackson)
Subject: MPEG Location


Can anyone tell me where to find a MPEG viewer (either DOS or
Windows).

Thanks in advance.

-- 
Alan M. Jackson      Mail : ajackson@cch.cov.ac.uk

     Liverpool Football Club - Simply The Best
              "You'll Never Walk Alone"

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38719
From: eeerik@cc.newcastle.edu.au
Subject: Color palette for 256 color VGA rainbow

Does anybody out there have or know how to calculate the RGB values 
required to set the 256 color VGA palette so that the colors from 
0..255 will give 256 colors  of the rainbow ie red, orange, 
yellow, etc.

Any help would be appreciated. Please email to eeerik@cc.newcastle.edu.au

Erik de Castro Lopo,
Dept. Electrical & Computer Eng.,
Uni. of Newcastle,
Australia.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38720
From:  Valentin E. Vulihman <vulih@ipmce.su>
Subject: Attractive drawing on the sphere


	   S P H E R I C A L   D E S I G N I N G

 I have made an attractive program on AT-computer  for  drawing
 on the sphere and pasting it of paper.  For children,  artists
 and education.  I can send an example to alt.source.wanted, on
 which  you  can  see  the  rotation of the sphere,  if you are
 interested.  Children can  design  tesselations  of  the  many
 famous  regular  polyhedra  without  serious difficaltis,  and
 print patterns to paste their spherical models.  Moscow,  tel.
 280-53-53, after 21 o'clock, or E-mail, Valentin Vulihman.













Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38721
From:  Valentin E. Vulihman <vulih@ipmce.su>
Subject: Attractive drawing on the sphere

subscribe comp.graphics
quit

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38722
From: holler@holli.augs1.adsp.sub.org (Jan Holler)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <NERONE.93Apr20085951@sylvester.cc.utexas.edu> nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone) writes:
> In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
> 
>   CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in

> Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
> groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
> would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
> environment.

Am I glad you write that. I got flamed all along because I begged NOT to
crosspost some nonsense articles.

The problem with crossposting is on the first poster. I am aware that this
posting is a crossposting too, but what else should one do. You never know
where the interested people stay in.

To split up newsgroups brings even more crossposting.

-- 

Jan Holler, Bern, Switzerland         Good is not good enough, make it better!
holli!holler@augs1.adsp.sub.org      ((Second chance: holler@iamexwi.unibe.ch))
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (( fast mail: cbmehq!cbmswi!augs1!holli!holler@cbmvax.commodore.com ))     

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38723
From: merlin@neuro.usc.edu (merlin)
Subject: Tom Gaskins Pexlib vs Phigs Programming Manuals (O'Reilly)

Could someone explain the difference between Tom Gaskins' two books:

  o  PEXLIB Programming Manual
  o  PHIGS Programming Manual

Why would I want to buy one book vs the other book?  I have an 80386
running SCO UNIX (X11R4) on my desktop, a SUN IV/360 in my lab, and 
access to a variety of other systems (Alliant FX/2800, Cray Y/MP) on
the network.  Mostly, we would like to do 3D modeling/visualization
of rat, rabbit, monkey, and human brain structure.

Thanks, AJ

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alexander-James Annala
Principal Investigator
Neuroscience Image Analysis Network
HEDCO Neuroscience Building, Fifth Floor
University of Southern California
University Park
Los Angeles, CA 90089-2520
------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38724
From: alex@falcon.demon.co.uk (Alex Kiernan)
Subject: Re: .SCF files, help needed 

In article <1993Apr22.123832.23894@daimi.aau.dk> rued@daimi.aau.dk writes:

>RIX's files with the extension  .sci and .scf are just a RAW file with
>a 256 color palette.
>...stuff deleted...
>regards
>Thomas 
>

Do you happen to know what a .SCO RIX file is?

-- 
Alex Kiernan
akiernan@falcon.demon.co.uk

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38725
From: kohut1@urz.unibas.ch
Subject: Help ! Miro Crystal or ATI GUP ?



I'm planning to buy a new VLB/EISA system with a good graphic performance.
So far I looked at the ATI GUP VLB as my favorite graphics-card. But 
recently I heard something about a new card from  Miro. It was the Miro
Crystal 24s with 3 MB and True Color support up to 1024x768. It costs just a
little more than the ATI. So, can't decide which one matches better my needs.
Any technical references and performance comparisons (especially from the
Miro card) would be greatly appreciated.

-Peter-

E-Mail : kohut1@urz.unibas.ch

                     ******************************
                    **** Universitas Basiliensis *****
                    ****      Switzerland        *****
                     ********************************




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38726
From:  Club@spektr.msk.su (Koltovoy Nikolay Alexeevich)
Subject: [NEWS]Re:List or image processing systems?


       Moscow Scientific Inductrial Association "Spectrum" offer
       VIDEOSCAN vision system for PC/AT,wich include software and set of
       controllers.

                     SOFTWARE

            For support VIDEOSCAN family program kit was developed. Kit
       includes more then 200 different functions for image processing.
            Kit works in the interactive regime, and has include Help for
       non professional users.
            There are next possibility:
       - input frame by any board of VIDEOSCAN family;
       - read - white image to - from disk;
       - print image on the printer;
       - makes arithmetic with 2 frames;
       - filter image;
       - work with gistogramme;
       - edit image.
       - include users exe modules.

                     CONTROLLER VS9

       The function of VS-9 controller is to load TV-images into  PC/AT.
       VS-9 controller allows one to load a fragment of the TV-frame from
       a field of 724x600 pixels.
       The clock rate is 14,7 MHz when loading an image with 512 pixel in
       the line and 7,4 MHz when loading a 256 pixels image. This
       provides the equal pixel size of input image in both horizontal
       and vertical directions.
       The number of gray levels in any input modes is 256.
       Video signal capture time - 2.5s.

                     CONTROLLER VS52

       The purpose of the controller is to enter the TV images into a IBM
       PC AT or any other machine of that type. The controller was
       created on the base of modern elements, including user
       programmable gate arrays.
       The controller allows to digitize a input signal with different
       resolutions. Its flexible architecture makes possible to change
       technical parameters. Instead of TV signal one can process any
       other analog signal (including signals from slow-speed scanning
       devices).
       The controller has the following technical characteristics:
       - memory volume - from 256 K to 2 Mb ;
       - resolution when working with standard video signal - from 64x64
       to 1024x512 pixels ;
       - resolution when working in slow input regime - up to 2048x1024
       pixels;
       - video signal capture time - 40 ms.
       - maximum size of a screen when memory volume is 2Mb - 2048x1024
       pixels ;
       - number of gray level - 256 ;
       - clock rate for input - up to 30 MHz ;
       - 4 input video multiplexer ;
       - input/output lookup table (LUT);
       - possibility to realize "scroll" and "zoom";













       - 8 lines for external synchronization (an input using external
       controlling signal) ;
       - electronic adjustment of black and white reference for analog -
       digital converter;
       - possibility output image to the color RGB monitor.
       One can change all listed above functions and parameters of the
       controller by reprogramming it.


              IMAGE PROCESSOR VS100


            Image processor VS100 allows to digitize and process TV
       signal in real time. It is possible digitize TV signal with
       512*512*8 resolution and realize arithmetic and logic operation
       with two images.
            Processor was created on the base of modern elements
       including user programmable gate arrays and designed as a board
       for PC.
            Memory volume allows write to the 256 frames with 512*512*8
       format. It is possible to accumulate until 16 images.
            The processor has the following technical characteristics:
       - memory volume to 64 Mb;
       - number of the gray level - 256;
       - 4 input video multiplexer;
       - input/output lookup table;
       - electronic adjustment for black and white ADC reference;
       - image size from 256*256 to 8192*8192;
       - possibility color and black / white output;
       - possibility input from slow-scan video sources.





































Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38727
From: bates@spica.ucsb.edu (Andrew M. Bates)
Subject: Renderman Shaders/Discussion?


    Does anyone know of a site where I could ftp some RenderMan shaders?
Or of a newsgroup which has discussion or information about RenderMan?  I'm
new to the RenderMan (Mac) family, and I'd like to get as much info I can
lay my hands on.  Thanks!

        Andy Bates.


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Andy Bates.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38729
From: freemant@dcs.glasgow.ac.uk (Toby Freeman,TJF,G151,3344813,OCT95, )
Subject: Re: CorelDraw BITMAP to SCODAL (2)

In article 1r4gmgINN8fm@zephyr.grace.cri.nz, srlnjal@grace.cri.nz () writes:
>
>Yes I am aware CorelDraw exports in SCODAL...
>... but if you try to export in SCODAL with a bitmap
>it will say something like "cannot export...
>...If anyone out there knows a way around this
>I am all ears.

I think one (not ideal) solution is to use the
tracing utility (can't remember the name, sorry!)
included in the Corel Draw s/w pack.  It can convert
bitmaps to Corel art format.  These can then be
imported into a drawing rather than the bitmap.
Result - the file is completely in Corel format and
can be SCODAL'ed no problem!

BUT the slight problem with this, which makes the
solution less than idea, is that the trace utility
spits out many more points than are necessary to
define the shapes being traced.  Straight lines and
curves are both traced as many short segments.

So... the SCODAL taking *much* longer to
image.

The obvious solution is time-consuming - stripping
out the extra points by hand using Corel.

OUCH!
I've done it a few times :-]

>...I was just wondering if there was anything out there
>that just did the bitmap to SCODAL part a tad cheaper.
                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>Jeff Lyall

As I say, if you don't mind the problems, go via the route...
BITMAP -> COREL (VIA TRACE) ->
HAND TRIMMING (USING COREL)!!! ->
COMBINE WITH MAIN COREL PIC (VIA IMPORT) -> SCODAL

Cheers,
   Toby
____________________________________._.____._.__________._.__________._.______
____________________________________!  \__/  !__________!_!__________! !______
___!                            !___! . \/ . !___.__.___._.___.___._.! !__.___
___! Toby Freeman               !___! !\  /! !__/ __ \__! !__/ .__!_!. .__!___
___! Glasgow University         !___! !_\/_! !_! !__! !_! !_! <__.___! !______
___! freemant@uk.ac.glasgow.dcs !___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !__\___ \__! !______
___!____________________________!___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !_.____> !_! !__.___
____________________________________!_!____!_!__\____/__!_!_!_____/___\___!___


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38730
From: edb9140@tamsun.tamu.edu (E.B.)
Subject: POV problems with tga outputs

I can't fiqure this out.  I have properly compiled pov on a unix machine
running SunOS 4.1.3  The problem is that when I run the sample .pov files and
use the EXACT same parameters when compiling different .tga outputs.  Some
of the .tga's are okay, and other's are unrecognizable by any software.

Help!
ed
edb9140@tamsun.tamu.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38731
From: oehler@yar.cs.wisc.edu (Wonko the Sane)
Subject: 48-bit graphics...


	I was recently talking to a possible employer ( mine! :-) ) and he made a reference to a
48-bit graphics computer/image processing system.  I seem to remember it being called IMAGE or
something akin to that.  Anyway, he claimed it had 48-bit color + a 12-bit alpha channel.  That's
60 bits of info--what could that possibly be for?  Specifically the 48-bit color?  That's 280
trillion colors, many more than the human eye can resolve.  Is this an anti-aliasing thing?  Or
is this just some magic number to make it work better with a certain processor.

	Also, to settle a bet with my roommate, what are SGI's flagship products?  I know of
Iris, Indigo, and Crimson, but what are the other ones, and which is their top-of-the-line?
(sadly, I have access to none of them.  Just a DEC 5000/25.  Sigh.)

Eric Oehler
oehler@picard.cs.wisc.edu
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38732
From: ib@ivan.asd.sgi.com (Ivan Bach)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

We have been shipping for over one year the Adobe Display PostScript (DPS)
on Silicon Graphics workstations, file servers, and supercomputers.
The Adobe Illustrator 3.5 for Silicon Graphics machines was released
last February.  Adobe and SGI announced last October that Photoshop
will be available on SGI systems in 1993.  Initial release will support 
24-bit color graphics.

Ivan Bach, ib@sgi.com
Disclaimer: I do not speak for my employer.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38733
From: danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson)
Subject: Re: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain data


diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:

>Is there an FTP archive for United States Geological Services (USGS)
>terrain data? If so, where?

Point your gopher client at merlot.welch.jhu.edu

and select the following directories:

 -->  13. Search and Retrieve Software/

   -->  8.  Search and Retrieve Graphics Software and Data/


And you'll see -




 -->  1.  Graphics Online Bibliography (ACM SIGGRAPH)/
      2.  Graphics Software and Data Archives (ftp sites)/
      3.  Search All Graphics Information <?>
      4.  Search Comp.graphics FAQ <?>
      5.  Search Graphics Resources (Software and Data) <?>
      6.  Search Pictures Utilities FAQ <?>


          1.  Graphics Online Bibliography (ACM SIGGRAPH)/

              Searches and archives of bibliographic database that covers
              graphics literature for over a hundred years (served
              by a gopher hole in Austria).


          2.  Graphics Software and Data Archives (ftp sites)/ 

              Has links to over 70 sites around the world which
              have software and/or data for computer graphics.
              This can be used on its own or as a companion to the
              searches found in this directory which will point you
              toward software and data at various places.  
              

          3.  Search All Graphics Information <?>
          4.  Search Comp.graphics FAQ <?>
          5.  Search Graphics Resources (Software and Data) <?>
          6.  Search Pictures Utilities FAQ <?>
           

              These searches contain a wealth of information about
              computer graphics, data, software, techniques etc...

              3.  Search All Graphics Information <?> 

                  Will simply search all of the information contained
                  in searches 4, 5, and 6.

              4.  Search Comp.graphics FAQ <?>

                  Lets you search the FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
                  from the Comp.graphics newsgroup compiled by John
                  Grieggs at the JPL.

              5.  Search Graphics Resources (Software and Data) <?>

                  Lets you search the Grpahics Resource Listing of
                  software and data provided by Nick Fotis at the
                  National Technical Univ. of Athens.

              6.  Search Pictures Utilities FAQ <?>

                  Lets you search the FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
                  from the Alt.binaries.pixutils newsgroup compiled by
                  Jim Howard at Cadence.


Select:

 -->  3.  Search All Graphics Information <?>

And search for:

usgs


And you'll find out some information about USGS data availability.

Now select:

   -->  2.  Graphics Software and Data Archives (ftp sites)/

and you might find the following interesting:

   -->  12. Cartographic data - USGS data (Xerox)/

   -->  42. Mapgen/Plotgen and more (USGS)/

   -->  68. USGS Weekly Seismicity Reports (including maps - GIF)/

   -->  68. USGS Earth Science Data Directory/
             (This actually is a database of available data - search
              it for terrain - could prove quite useful.)

One other place to look is only available by anonymous ftp at
the moment - 

US Geological Survey Maps  -  isdres.er.usgs.gov (130.11.48.2).


If you've never heard of gopher don't worry it's free and on the net,
write me a note if you'd like information on how to get started.


Best of luck,

Dan Jacobson

danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu

Johns Hopkins University



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38734
From: lansd@dgp.toronto.edu (Robert Lansdale)
Subject: Advice sought: Turning font outlines into renderable polygons


I am seeking some alternate solutions on how to turn a Postscript Type 1 or
TrueType font outline into polygons that can be subsequently scan converted
by a 3D scanline renderer. 

I have been studying the problem of font conversion for a few years but
have never had the need to implement such a system. Well, I now have the
opportunity to write some font rendering software so I would like to have
some of my questions answered before I jump into the deep end.

The main problem I face is how to use the even/odd or non-winding rules to
turn the outlines into a single outline polygon (my renderer can handle
complex polygons so there is no need to reduce the polygons to simple
polygons). For example, in the letter "O" there are two outlines:

	1) The outside outline which is clockwise (TrueType font)
	2) The inside outline which is counterclockwise.

One common solution used by a number of rendering packages is to simply 
connect the inner outline to the outer outline at the point where the
two outlines are closest. This is equivalent to descibing a "polygon with
holes". The renderer will then make the appropriate hole since the interior
polygon edges are in the opposite direction to the outside edges.

I do not want to use this simplistic system since:

	1) It will not handle all outline fonts properly (it is not a simple
		matter to connect the outer outline to the inner outline for
		some fancy fonts).
	2) It does not properly handle the even/odd or non-winding rules.

From my research over the years the proper solution is to use a trapezoid
decomposition algorithm to scan convert the outlines into trapezoids (as
is done by the Postscript and TrueType font rasterizers). These trapezoidal
polygons can then be easily and properly rendered by the 3D scanline renderer.

My question is: are there any better solutions to turning the outlines into
polgyons other than the trapezoid decomposer? I am not fond of this solution
since it creates excess number of polygons.

Another question, for those in the know: what is the best algorithm to create
bevelled and/or offset curves for font outlines? I have a dozen papers on these
subjects but I can't tell which method is the best to implement.

Thanks for any pointers.

--> Rob Lansdale

-- 
Robert Lansdale - (416) 978-6619       Dynamic Graphics Project	
Internet: lansd@dgp.toronto.edu        Computer Systems Research Institute
UUCP:   ..!uunet!dgp.toronto.edu!lansd University of Toronto
Bitnet:	  lansd@dgp.utoronto           Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, CANADA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38735
From: yoo@engr.ucf.edu (Hoi Yoo)
Subject: looking for USA map



Does anyone out there have or know of,  line drawing USA map?


Thanks very much in advance,
Hoi


yoo@engr.ucf.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38736
From: doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons)
Subject: 3D2 files - what are they?

I was chaining around in the anonymous ftp world looking for 3D Studio
meshes and other interesting graphical stuff for the program, and found
a few files with the extension 3D2.  My 3DS v2.01 doesn't know this type
of file, so what are they?

And of course, the perennial... Where are some meshes, fli files, etc.
out there?   I would have thought that someone would have collected a few
and put them somewhere, but alas I am without this knowledge.

mucho appreciato

douginoz.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38737
From: jamie@genesis.MCS.COM (James R Groves)
Subject: FTP for Targa+

I am looking for software to run on my brand new Targa+ 16/32. If anyone knows
of any sites which have useful stuff, or if you have any yourself you want to
give, let me know via mail. Thanks a LOT! Yayayay!
                                     jamie@ddsw1.mcs.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38738
From: ernie@woody.apana.org.au (Ernie Elu)
Subject: MGR NAPLPS & GUI BBS Frontends



Hi all,
I am looking into methods I can use to turn my Linux based BBS into a full color
Graphical BBS that supports PC, Mac, Linux, and Amiga callers. 
Originally I was inspired by the NAPLPS graphics standard (a summary of 
which hit this group about 2 weeks ago). 
Following up on software availability of NAPLPS supporting software I find
that most terminal programs are commercial the only resonable shareware one being
PP3 which runs soley on MSDOS machines leaving Mac and Amiga users to buy full
commercial software if they want to try out the BBS (I know I wouldn't)

Next most interesting possibility is to port MGR to PC, Mac, Amiga. I know there
is an old version of a Mac port on bellcore.com that doesn't work under System 7
But I can't seem to find the source anywhere to see if I can patch it.

Is there a color version of MGR for Linux? 
I know there was an alpha version of the libs out last year but I misplaced it.

Does anyone on this group know if MGR as been ported to PC or Amiga ?
I can't seem to send a message to the MGR channel without it bouncing.

Does anyone have any other suggestions for a Linux based GUI BBS ?

Thanks in advan

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38739
From: baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov (Ron Baalke)
Subject: Gaspra Animation (QuickTime)


                       ==============================
                              GASPRA ANIMATION
                                March 12, 1993
                       ==============================

     The Gaspra animation is now available at the Ames Space Archives in 
QuickTime format.  The animation was formed from 11 images taken by the 
Galileo spaecraft shortly before its closest approach to the asteroid in 
October 1991.  The animation is available using anonymous ftp to:

        ftp:      ames.arc.nasa.gov (128.102.18.3)
        user:     anonymous
        cd:       pub/SPACE/ANIMATION
        files:
                  gaspra.qt 
     ___    _____     ___
    /_ /|  /____/ \  /_ /|     Ron Baalke         | baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov
    | | | |  __ \ /| | | |     Jet Propulsion Lab |
 ___| | | | |__) |/  | | |__   M/S 525-3684 Telos | It's kind of fun to do
/___| | | |  ___/    | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | the impossible. 
|_____|/  |_|/       |_____|/                     | Walt Disney

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38740
From: dr_bobo@ponton.hanse.de (Boris Pruessmann)
Subject: RE: VGA-Scrolling ?

Hi !

If you want to have Soft-Scrolling on your VGA, you have to change some 
intern registers of the CRTC. But it is a little bit difficult to explain, 
so I would suggest, you take a look at "The Programming of the 
EGA/VGA-Adapter" by Addison-Wesley. You will find all useful descriptions 
for every available VGA-Register.

-Boris

---
dr_bobo@ponton.hanse.de                 ---> Boris Pruessmann

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38741
From: tw2@irz.inf.tu-dresden.de (Thomas Wolf)
Subject: Q: TIFF description

Sorry for wasting your time with a probably simple question, but I'm not
an computer graphic expert. I want to read TIFF-Files with a PASCAL-program.
The problem is, that the files I want to read are in compressed form 
( code 1, e.g. Huffman ). All books & articles I found describe only the
plain (uncompressed) format. I don't know where to get the original
TIFF specification, furthermore I haven't any access to a realy complete
library. Can anybody direct me to a good book or (even better) to an 
specification available via ftp ?

Thanks in advance - Thomas Wolf

ps: direct mail would be prefered


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38742
From: mac@utkvx.bitnet (Richard J. McDougald)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:

Yeah, Corel Draw and WordPerfect Presentations pretty limited here, too.
	Since there's no (not really) such thing as a decent raster to
vector conversion program, this "tracing" technique is about it.  Simple
stuff, like b&w logos, etc. do pretty well, while more complicated stuff
goes haywire.  I suspect (even though I don't write code) that a good
bitmapped to vector conversion program would probably be as big as most
of these application softwares we're using -- but even so, how come one
hasn't been written? (to my knowledge).  I mean, even Hijaak, one of the
commercial industry standards of file conversion, hasn't attempted it yet.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 Mac McDougald                   *   Any opinions expressed herein 
 The Photography Center          *   are not necessarily (actually,
 Univ. of Tenn. Knoxville 37996  *   are almost CERTAINLY NOT) those
 mac@utkvx.utk.edu               *   of The University of Tennessee. 
 mac@utkvx.bitnet                *      
 (615-974-3449)                  *   "Things are more like they are now     
 (615-974-6435) FAX              *    than they've ever been before."
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
            

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38743
From: mor@expo.lcs.mit.edu (Ralph Mor)
Subject: Re: Tom Gaskins Pexlib vs Phigs Programming Manuals (O'Reilly)

merlin@neuro.usc.edu (merlin) writes:

>Could someone explain the difference between Tom Gaskins' two books:

>  o  PEXLIB Programming Manual
>  o  PHIGS Programming Manual

>Why would I want to buy one book vs the other book?  I have an 80386
>running SCO UNIX (X11R4) on my desktop, a SUN IV/360 in my lab, and 
>access to a variety of other systems (Alliant FX/2800, Cray Y/MP) on
>the network.  Mostly, we would like to do 3D modeling/visualization
>of rat, rabbit, monkey, and human brain structure.

Rather than decide which book you want to buy, you need to decide which
programming interface you want to use, then buy the appropriate book.

I wrote an article for the X Resource which discusses the differences
between PHIGS and PEXlib (it will appear in Issue 6 which should be out
pretty soon).  But here's a brief summary...

PHIGS is a graphics API which was designed to be portable to many
devices.  Most implementations support the X Window System and take
advantage of a 3D extension to X called "PEX".  PEXlib is a slightly
"lower" level API which was designed to efficiently support the PEX
extension to X.

Some advantages of using PEXlib...
- Integrates with Xlib,Xt,Motif,etc. better than PHIGS
- Provides immediate mode capabilities
- Is free of "policy"
- PEX supports PHIGS, but is currently being extended to support
  features not found in PHIGS (like texture mapping, anti-aliasing).
  PEXlib will give you access to all of these features.

Some advantages of using PHIGS...
- Support for multiple devices, not just X based ones
- Support for archiving, metafiles, hardcopy output
- PHIGS has predefined input devices to make input easier
- PHIGS can handle exposure events and resizing for you
- PHIGS can help you with colormap selection/creation.

If you're working strictly in X and don't care about things like
archiving, I would go with PEXlib.  Either way, you will find that
both API's have a lot in common.

Ralph Mor
MIT X Consortium



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38744
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: MPEG Location

Alan Jackson (ajackson@cch.coventry.ac.uk) wrote:

: Can anyone tell me where to find a MPEG viewer (either DOS or
: Windows).

: Thanks in advance.

: -- 
: Alan M. Jackson      Mail : ajackson@cch.cov.ac.uk

:      Liverpool Football Club - Simply The Best
:               "You'll Never Walk Alone"

You can find a Windows MPEG viewer at wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
mirrors/msdos/windows3 directory.

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38745
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
: Just curious.


: Daemon

What he said...

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38746
From: johnm@spudge.lonestar.org (John Munsch)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <loT1rAPNBh107h@viamar.UUCP> rutgers!viamar!kmembry writes:
>Read Issue #2 of Wired Magazine.  It has a long article on the "hype" of
>3DO.  I've noticed that every article talks with the designers and how
>"great" it is, but never show any pictures of the output (or at least
>pictures that one can understand)

Gamepro magazine published pictures a few months ago and Computer Chronicles
(a program that is syndicated to public tv stations around the nation) spent
several minutes on it when it was shown at CES.  It was very impressive what
it can do in real time.

John Munsch

P.S.  Don't take that to mean that I believe that the system is going to take
over the world or something.  Just that it clearly has a lot more horsepower
than any of the VIS, CD-I, Sega CD, or Turbo Duo crowd.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38747
From: joshuaf@yang.earlham.edu
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

In article <1993Apr23.033843.26854@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA>, tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran) writes:
> There is a program called Graphic Workshop you can FTP from
> wuarchive.  The file is in the msdos/graphics directory and
> is called "grfwk61t.zip."  This program should od everthing
> you need.
> 
> -- 
> 
> TMC
> (tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


THANKS!  It did work, and it is just what I needed thanks...

Joshuaf

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38748
From: noble@possum.den.mmc.com (Joe A Noble)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran) writes:

>Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
>: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
>: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
>: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
>: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
>: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
>: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
>: Just curious.


>: Daemon

>What he said...

>-- 
Ditto here too...

>TMC
>(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)

-- 
    __/    /       _     __   Joe noble@pogo.den.mmc.com
  /_     /      /__ /  /__    /__ /  ... all the beauty of a dying vulture...
_/    ____/  _/   _/  ___/  _/  _/     ...the smile of the truly stupid...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38749
From: csc3phx@vaxa.hofstra.edu
Subject: Loosing color.

Hi guys.

I am scanning in a color image and it looks fine on the screen.  When I 
converted it into PCX,BMP,GIF files so as to get it into MS Windows the colors
got much lighter.  For example the yellows became white.  Any ideas?

thanks
Dan
csc3phx@vaxc.hofstra.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38750
From: csc3phx@vaxa.hofstra.edu
Subject: Color problem.


I am scanning in a color image and it looks fine on the screen.  When I 
converted it into PCX,BMP,GIF files so as to get it into MS Windows the colors
got much lighter.  For example the yellows became white.  Any ideas?

thanks
Dan
csc3phx@vaxc.hofstra.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38751
From: rah13@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Robert A Holak)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

A shareware graphics program called Pman has a filter that makes a picture
look like a hand drawing.  This picture could probably be converted into
vector format much easier because it is all lines. (With Corel Trace, etc..)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38752
From: lineber@lonestar.utsa.edu (Jerry M. Lineberry)
Subject: Pov-ray problem / Please Help...

Hello,
    I've recently had Povray draw about 10 sample files. The problem is that
I accidently erased the command in my povray.def that made the image a targas
file. So now the files are the dump format. How do I fix these files with out
having to re-trace them? By fix I mean, turn them into targas. Thanks in
advance.
                                                -Jerry
-- 
#################################################################
Jerry M. Lineberry
InterNet : lineber@lonestar.utsa.edu  or  CompuServe : 71221,3015
#################################################################

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38753
From: ianf@random.se (Ian Feldman, The Other Internet Worm[tm])
Subject: SciP+Fi: fiction set in Comp-Science\ programming environs


 ================ ------------------------------------------------------------
 |||||||| SciP+Fi  ction set in C-Sci\programming environs list by Ian Feldman
 ..........:::::: ---------------------------------------- ---- --------------
 Written by:_____ _Book Title_; publisher'year, pp         v2.7           ISBN
 -----------       =============================== ------- ==== ##############
     John Brunner _Shockwave Rider_; Ray/Ballantine'84 $5_______ 0-345-32431-5
                   "cracking the net to free information for the common good"
      Pat Cadigan _Mindplayers_; ("an absolute must-have" --Bruce Sterling)
      Pat Cadigan _Synners_; Bantam $5; (virtual reality)_______ 0-553-28254-9
 Orson Scott Card _Lost Boys_; Harper Collins'92; (programmer and family     \
                   encounters strange events in North Carolina)
     Denise Danks _Frame Grabber_; St.Martin's, hrdb [GBP]17____ 0-312-08786-1
                   computer-illiterate journalix tracks down murderer via BBS
    Toni Dwiggins _Interrupt_; ("a techno-mystery set in Silicon Valley")
    Michael Frayn _The Tin Men_; Fontana, ("inspired lunacy" but out of print)
    David Gerrold _When HARLIE was One Release 2.0_; Bantam'88__ 0-553-26465-6
   William Gibson _Count Zero_; (computers as gods, part of a trilogy)
   William Gibson _Mona Lisa Overdrive_; (virtual reality)______ 0-553-28174-7
   William Gibson _Burning Chrome_; (cyberpunk short stories)___ 0-441-08934-8
   William Gibson _Neuromancer_; (industrial espionage)_________ 0-441-56959-5
                   (author guilty of inventing the cyberpunk genre)
      James Hogan _The Genesis Machine_; Del Ray'87 $3__________ 0-345-34756-0
      James Hogan _Thrice Upon A Time_; ("time travel for information")
      James Hogan _The Two Faces of Tomorrow_; Del Ray'79_______ 0-345-27517-9
                   ultimate test of AI-OS by letting it run a spacelab -> amok
    Stanislaw Lem _His Master's Voice_; (failed attempt to decode ET-message)
       Tom Maddox _HALO_ ("remarkable SF of robots & artificial intelligence")
 George RR Martin _Nightflyers_; Tor Books'87___________________ 0-8125-4564-8
      R A MacAvoy _Tea with the Black Dragon_; ("mystery around a computer   \
                   fraud situation; computing bits ring true.")
 Vonda N McIntyre _Steelcollar Worker_; in Analog Nov'92; (blue-collar VR)
     Marge Piercy _Body of Glass_; Penguin'92, 584pp; (data piracy++) review \
                   finger "books=Body_of_Glass%danny"@orthanc.cs.su.oz.au
 ---> David Pogue _Hard-Drive_; Diamond'93 $5, 304pp____________ 1-55773-884-X
                   (*programmer dies in accident, leaves no documentation    \
                   behind; software firms fight for market share with virii; \
                   "right out of the pages of MacWorld" --Steve Brock)
   Richard Powers _The Gold Bug Variations_; Morrow '91, (famous molecular   \
                   scientist ponders on the ?why? of love, life in EDP dept.)
      Paul Preuss _Human Error_; (nanotech computer infects brain-damaged kid)
    Thomas J Ryan _The Adolescence of P1_; ACE'79_______________ 0-671-55970-2
                   (runaway AI experiment takes over mainframes, wrecks havoc)
   Bruce Sterling _The Difference Engine_; (with W Gibson) Bantam'91; finger \
                   "books=The_Difference_Engine%danny"@orthanc.cs.su.oz.au
      Cliff Stoll _The Cuckoo's Egg_; (non-fiction but reads like one); review
                   FTP <garbo.uwasa.fi>; /mac/tidbits/1991/tb048_18-Mar-91.etx
     Tom T Thomas _ME_; ("smart computers")
     Vernor Vinge _Across Realtime_; Baen Books_____________ [several titles \
     Vernor Vinge _Tatja Grimm's World_; Baen Books__________ soon available \
     Vernor Vinge _The Witling_; Baen Books___________________ as Millennium \
     Vernor Vinge _Threats and Other Promises_; Baen Books_____ Books in UK]
     Vernor Vinge _True Names & Other Dangers_; Baen Books'87___ 0-671-65363-6
     Vernor Vinge _A Fire Upon The Deep_; Tor Books, 640p, $6___ 0-8125-1528-5
                   ("essentially about the future of the Internet")
      John Varley _Press Enter_; ("Short story, gruesome, but good")
       Ed Yourdon _Silent Witness_; ("Computer crime caper story; gumshoe    \
                   has to explain intricacies of computer OS to girlfriend")
 Herbert W Franke _Das Zentrum der Milchstrasse_; ("the center of the galaxy")
 Herbert W Franke _Letzte Programmierer_; ("'the last programmer';           \
                   I do NOT mean Frank Herbert!")
       Emil Zopfi _Computer Fuer 1001 Nacht_; Limmat Verlag, Switzerland
       Emil Zopfi _Jede Minute Kostet 33 Franken_; (last 4 in German; last 2 \
                   "set in the commercial computing world of the early 70's")
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 current version of this list via `finger "scip+fi%danny"@orthanc.cs.su.oz.au'
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 compiled 930424; % mail -s "additions/ comments/ updates --->" ianf@random.se
 ================ ============================================= ==============



     Statistical breakdown
--------------------------
 +-- --------------------- SciP+Fiction -----+------------+------------------+
 | # nominations /title    ~~~~~~~~~~~~         /author    # books nominated |
 +-- =========== ----------------------------+ =========== ================= +
 | 5 _The Adolescence of P-1_; Ryan          |    Vinge 10          6 titles |
 | 5 _Neuromancer_; Gibson                   |   Gibson 10          5 titles |
 | 4 _True Names and Other Dangers_; Vinge   |     Ryan  5 _The Adolescence..|
 | 4 _Shockwave Rider_; Brunner              |  Brunner  4 _Shockwave Rider_ |
 | 4 _When H.A.R.L.I.E was One_; Gerrold     |  Gerrold  4 _When H.A.R.L.I.E.|
 | 4 _A Fire Upon The Deep_; Vinge           |    Hogan  3          3 titles |
 | 2 _Threats and Other Promises_; Vinge     |      Lem  3 _Fiasco_HMV_Solar.|
 +-- ----------------------------------------+ ----------- ----------------- +
 | # total nominations: 85; authors: 27; female: 5?6; sent in by: 42 readers |
 +======== ================ ============ ============ =======================+


       Contributions by [unsorted FIFO]:
----------------------------------------
 From: sbrock@teal.csn.org (Steve Brock)
 From: "John Lacey" <johnl@cs.indiana.edu>
 From: malloy@nprdc.navy.mil (Sean Malloy)
 From: thom kevin gillespie <thom@silver.ucs.indiana.edu>
 From: Paul Christopher Workman <pw0l+@andrew.cmu.edu>
 From: kellys@code3.code3.com (Kelly Sorensen)
 From: whughes@lonestar.utsa.edu (William W. Hughes)
 From: North_TJ@cc.curtin.edu.au (Tim North)
 From: LORETI@FNAL.FNAL.GOV (Maurizio Loreti)
 From: Stephen Hart <stephenh@cs.mun.ca>
 From: Duane F Marble <dmarble@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
 From: Matthias Neeracher <neeri@iis.ee.ethz.ch>
 From: Wolfram Wagner <ww@mpi-sb.mpg.de>
 From: webb@tsavo.HKS.COM (Peter Webb)
 From: setzer@ssd.comm.mot.com (Thomas Setzer)
 From: kevles@acf3.NYU.EDU (Beth Kevles)
 From: dp@world.std.com (Jeff DelPapa)
 From: rsquires@cyclops.eece.unm.edu (Roger Squires)
 From: hartman@uLogic.com (Richard Hartman)
 From: Vernor Vinge <vinge%saturn@sdsu.edu>
 From: Paul Lebeau <plebeau@cix.compulink.co.uk>
 From: "Lawrence Rounds" <ljr@beach.cis.ufl.edu>
 From: phydeaux@cumc.cornell.edu (David Weingart)
 From: chgs02@vaxa.strath.ac.uk (By learning+courtesy)
 From: Rowan Fairgrove <rowanf@cache.crc.ricoh.com>
 From: peterc@suite.sw.oz.au.sw.oz.au (Peter Chubb,x114,6982322,3982735)
 From: Gara Pruesse <gara@cs.toronto.edu>
 From: russell@alpha3.ersys.edmonton.ab.ca (Russell Schulz)
 From: ahm@spatula.rent.com (Andreas Meyer)
 From: jon@cs.washington.edu (Jon Jacky)
 From: eugene@nas.nasa.gov (Eugene N. Miya)
 From: "A.M.MAIR" <CHGS02@VAXB.STRATHCLYDE.AC.UK>
 From: mengel@dcdmwm.fnal.gov (Marc Mengel)
 From: Roger Scowen <rss@seg.npl.co.uk>
 From: kevino@clbooks.com (Kevin Oster -- System Administrator)
 From: chavey@cs.wisc.edu (Darrah Chavey)
 From: Vonda McIntyre <mcintyre@cpac.washington.edu>
 From: Bruce Sterling <bruces@well.sf.ca.us>
 From: "Scott Thomas Yabiku" <yabi@midway.uchicago.edu>
 From: Thomas Adshead <uad1212@dircon.co.uk>
 From: Paul Andrews <76050.161@CompuServe.COM>
 ===== ======================================= ---------> MUCHO thanks to all!


__Ian "The Other internet Worm[tm]" Feldman <ianf@random.se>


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38754
From: scornd7@technet.sg (Tang Chang Thai)
Subject: Re: InterViews graphics package

Rene S. Dutch student (renes@ecpdsharmony.cern.ch) wrote:

: I'm trying out the C++ graphics package InterViews. Besides the man pages
: on the classes, I haven't got any documentation. Is there anything else
: around? Furthermore, can anyone send me a (small!) example program
: which shows how to use these classes together ? I would be very gratefull...

You might want to try comp.windows.interviews.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38755
From: jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf)
Subject: Re: Fractal compression

In article <inu530n.735550992@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au>, inu530n@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au (I Rachmat) writes:
|> Hi... can anybody give me book or reference title to give me a start at 
|> fractal image compression technique. Helps will be appreciated... thanx

For better worse, the source on this on is Michael Barnsley. His article
in The Science of Fractal Images (Peitgen et al) is a fair-to-middling
intro. Barnsley's book Fractals Everywhere is a more thorough treatment.
The book covers Iterated Function Systems in general, and their application
to image compression is clear from the text.
--- 
	dr memory
	jbulf@kpc.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38756
From: ajs8@kimbark.uchicago.edu (adam jeremy schorr)
Subject: Graphics Needed

	I'm looking for graphics (clipart, bmp, gif...) of anything relating to ophthalmology (I know it's a weird request). Anything such as eyeglasses, 
contact lenses, eyes...would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38757
From: r0506048@cml3 (Chun-Hung Lin)
Subject: Re: JPEG file format?

peterbak@microsoft.com (Peter Bako) writes:
: 
: Where could I find a description of the JPG file format?  Specifically
: I need to know where in a JPG file I can find the height and width of 
: the image, and perhaps even the number of colors being used.
: 
: Any suggestions?
: 
: Peter

Try ftp.uu.net, in /graphics/jpeg.
--
--------------------------------
=================================================================
Chun-Hung Lin ( LT )                     
r0506048@csie.ntu.edu.tw    
Communication & Multimedia Lab.
Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Info. Eng.
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
=================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38758
From: ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University)
Subject: QuickTime performance (was Re: Rumours about 3DO ???)

OK, with all the discussion about observed playback speeds with QuickTime,
the effects of scaling and so on, I thought I'd do some more tests.

First of all, I felt that my original speed test was perhaps less than
realistic. The movie I had been using only had 18 frames in it (it was a
version of the very first movie I created with the Compact Video compressor).
I decided something a little longer would give closer to real-world results
(for better or for worse).

I pulled out a copy of "2001: A Space Odyssey" that I had recorded off TV
a while back. About fifteen minutes into the movie, there's a sequence where
the Earth shuttle is approaching the space station. Specifically, I digitized
a portion of about 30 seconds' duration, zooming in on the rotating space
station. I figured this would give a reasonable amount of movement between
frames. To increase the differences between frames, I digitized it at only
5 frames per second, to give a total of 171 frames.

I captured the raw footage at a resolution of 384*288 pixels with the Spigot
card in my Centris 650 (quarter-size resolution from a PAL source). I then
imported it into Premiere and put it through the Compact Video compressor,
keeping the 5 fps frame rate. I created two versions of the movie: one scaled
to 320*240 resolution, the other at 160*120 resolution. I used the default
"2.00" quality setting in Premiere 2.0.1, and specified a key frame every ten
frames.

I then ran the 320*240 movie through the same "Raw Speed Test" program I used
for the results I'd been reporting earlier.

Result: a playback rate of over 45 frames per second.

That's right, I was getting a much higher result than with that first short
test movie. Just for fun, I copied the 320*240 movie to my external hard
disk (a Quantum LP105S), and ran it from there. This time the playback rate
was only about 35 frames per second. Obviously the 230MB internal hard disk
(also a Quantum) is a significant contributor to the speed of playback.

I modified my speed test program to allow the specification of optional
scaling factors, and tried playing back the 160*120 movie scaled to 320*240
size. This time the playback speed was over 60 fps. Clearly, the poster who
observed poor performance on scaled playback was seeing QuickTime 1.0 in
action, not 1.5. I'd try my tests with QuickTime 1.0, but I don't think it's
entirely compatible with my Centris and System 7.1...

Unscaled, the playback rate for the 160*120 movie was over 100 fps.

The other thing I tried was saving versions of the 320*240 movie with
"preferred" playback rates greater than 1.0, and seeing how well they played
from within MoviePlayer (ie with QuickTime's normal synchronized playback).
A preferred rate of 9.0 (=> 45 fps) didn't work too well: the playback was
very jerky. Compare this with the raw speed test, which achieved 45 fps with
ease. I can't believe that QuickTime's synchronization code would add this
much overhead: I think the slowdown was coming from the Mac system's task
switching.

A preferred rate of 7.0 (=> 35 fps) seemed to work fine: I couldn't see
any evidence of stutter. At 8.0 (=> 40 fps) I *think* I could see slight
stutter, but with four key frames every second, it was hard to tell.

I guess I could try recreating the movies with a longer interval between the
key frames, to make the stutter more noticeable. Of course, this will also
improve the compression slightly, which should speed up the playback performance
even more...

Lawrence D'Oliveiro                       fone: +64-7-856-2889
Computer Services Dept                     fax: +64-7-838-4066
University of Waikato            electric mail: ldo@waikato.ac.nz
Hamilton, New Zealand    37^ 47' 26" S, 175^ 19' 7" E, GMT+12:00

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38759
From: stusoft@hardy.u.washington.edu (Stuart Denman)
Subject: Easy to translate JPEG code...

Does anyone out there have any JPEG decompression code in pretty much any
language that I can read and understand?  I have trouble understanding the
JPEG Group's code that I got from an FTP site.  If any one can send me
some good code, I will appreciate it a lot!  Thanks!

Stuart Denman
stusoft@u.washington.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38760
From: stusoft@hardy.u.washington.edu (Stuart Denman)
Subject: Re: 3D2 files - what are they?

doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons) writes:

>I was chaining around in the anonymous ftp world looking for 3D Studio
>meshes and other interesting graphical stuff for the program, and found
>a few files with the extension 3D2.  My 3DS v2.01 doesn't know this type
>of file, so what are they?

They are 3D object files for CAD 3D 2.0, a program written by Tom Hudson
for the Atari ST computers.  Don't know much more about them except that
they are stored with the points first, then the surfaces are next, and are
made by listing 3 point numbers that make up the triangle surface. Then
there's a header that describes coloring, lighting, etc.  Don't know much
more than this, hope this helps.

Stuart Denman
stusoft@u.washington.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38761
From: kiwi@iis.ethz.ch (Rene Mueller)
Subject: ICN (MSDOS) -> PBM/PGM/PPM format?

I have many icons in IconEdit and PBIcon format and I would like to 
convert them to PBM, PGM or PPM format. Do you know the formats of
IconEdit or PBIcon?

Thank's for your help.
   ,
Rene (kiwi@iis.ethz.ch)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38762
From: stolk@fwi.uva.nl (Bram)
Subject: Re: 48-bit graphics...

Howdy all,

oehler@yar.cs.wisc.edu (Wonko the Sane) writes:

>	I was recently talking to a possible employer ( mine! :-) ) and he made a reference to a
>48-bit graphics computer/image processing system.  I seem to remember it being called IMAGE or
>something akin to that.  Anyway, he claimed it had 48-bit color + a 12-bit alpha channel.  That's
>60 bits of info--what could that possibly be for?  Specifically the 48-bit color?  That's 280
>trillion colors, many more than the human eye can resolve.  Is this an anti-aliasing thing?  Or
>is this just some magic number to make it work better with a certain processor.

Hmm... 48 bit aye?
Well, it beats a 32-bit design for thee sake of ellegance.
48 bit means 16 bits per primary colour.
The 2^48 nr of colours is a bit misleading. It makes more sense to see it
as 65536 possible shades of pure red.
This might actually make some sense, since 256 shades of red (24 bit colours) 
may produce visible 'jumps' in intensity.
Then again, a byte per primary colour for each pixel is the most elegant way 
of doing colour graphics, because it leaves ya such a tidy (and fast) program
code.

	Take care,

		Bram

+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------+
| "Flying is a nack... the trick is   |  Bram Stolk (stolk@fwi.uva.nl)     |
|  to throw yourself at the ground,   |  Dept. of maths. & computer science|
|  and miss..."  - Douglas Adams      |  University of Amsterdam           |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------+
                                  No, I dont use ms-winDOZE, I prefer Linux!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38763
From: deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud)
Subject: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer

Hi,

I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
graphics board running X11.

Thanks in advance.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38764
From: rfbohan@unix1.tcd.ie (Bones)
Subject: Human Body data sets needed urgently

Hi all.  I'm looking for datasets of a human body or head  in any
of the popular formats.  I'm doing a presentation tomorrow which
could be greatly enhanced by bringing in this 'human' factor.  I've
looked around the net with no sucess so far.  Anyone got any ideas?
I'd also appreciate info on the location of datasets for the
USS Enterprise (any model)
Thanks in advance,
Ronan

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38765
From: n8844264@henson.cc.wwu.edu (Cummins Charles)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

mac@utkvx.bitnet (Richard J. McDougald) writes:

>In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:

>of these application softwares we're using -- but even so, how come one
>hasn't been written? (to my knowledge).  I mean, even Hijaak, one of the
>commercial industry standards of file conversion, hasn't attempted it yet

Adobe Streamline has been out four a couple of years. It does a much better
job than the autotracing functions which are built into illustration
programs. Of course, a higher resolution bitmap will produce a more
accurate trace. The problem that I've run into though, is that when it
creates a detailed trace, it produces WAY more points than are necessary.
If I trace something manually, I use many less es points. The problem
with this is it produces BIG files which slow everything down, especially
printing.

Chuck

y

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38766
From: d91tm@efd.lth.se (Tomas Moeller)
Subject: WANTED : Scott  Leatham @ Microsoft

Hello there!
A few days ago I got a mail concerning bitmap-stretching
from SCOTT LEATHAM @ Microsoft Redmond WA, USA.
I really would like to answer back to him, but I have 
lost his email-address.
So if Scott or anybody that knows his email-address
reads this, please mail me his address so I can
answer his mail.

Please mail to : d91tm@efd.lth.se

	Thanks
	  /Tomas

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38767
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: POV problems with tga outputs


Remember that the UNIX versions of PoV don't create TGA but QRT file
format output by default. +ft is needed to make TGA.

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38768
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: Pov-ray problem / Please Help...


what about

qrttoppm < file.dis | ppmtotga > file.tga

??

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38769
From: roy@mchip00.med.nyu.edu (Roy Smith)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

mac@utkvx.bitnet (Richard J. McDougald) writes:
> Since there's no (not really) such thing as a decent raster to vector
> conversion program, this "tracing" technique is about it.  Simple stuff,
> like b&w logos, etc. do pretty well, while more complicated stuff goes
> haywire.

	The first and only thing I've ever tried to auto-trace was a piece
of a USCG nautical chart using Adobe Illustrator 3.2.  I wanted to get the
outline of the coast for Western Long Island Sound.  I was simultaneously
suprised at how good a job it did and disappointed at how poorly it did.  I
suspect what I gave it was a very difficult thing; not only is the coastline
very irregular, but overlaid on the chart are numerous sets of gridlines
(not only lattitude and longitude, but loran grids as well).  The most
common mistake it make was whenever the coastline was roughly parallel and
tangent to a grid line, it would take off following the gridline instead of
the coast.  I think the best improvement would be some sort of interactive
algorithm that would let you step in and say "no, dummy, you're going the
wrong way".

	Steve Reisberg, a friend of mine a few years back(*), did his
doctoral work analysing electron micrographs of filimentous phage (virii).
A good chunk of the work was writing a program to take a digitized
micrograph and automatically trace the centerline of the virus particles.
This is essentially the same problem that Illustrator tries to solve with
its auto-trace tool.

	In some respects the problem Steve worked on was harder, since he
was trying to do quantitative analysis of the virus structure and finding a
good centerline was only the first step, but a step on which all future
analysis depended.  However, in other respects, it was an easier problem
since the program could be written with a lot of knowledge about what the
virus particles were supposed to look like, and the analysis could be
restricted to those particles which happend to be relatively straight,
clean, and well imaged; you don't always have that freedom auto-tracing real
life images.  In any case, it gave me some insight into just how difficult
this problem is to solve in the general case.

	(*) Steve is no longer with us.  He and his wife disappeared while
on vacation in Hawaii a couple of years after they graduated.  Their last
known location was hiking in a densely wooded in a mountainous area.  While no
bodies were ever found, they are presumed to have been the victim of some
sort of fall or accident in the woods.
-- 
Roy Smith <roy@nyu.edu>
Hippocrates Project, Department of Microbiology, Coles 202
NYU School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
"This never happened to Bart Simpson."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38770
From: dks@world.std.com (David K Shute)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

johnm@spudge.lonestar.org (John Munsch) writes:

>In article <loT1rAPNBh107h@viamar.UUCP> rutgers!viamar!kmembry writes:
>>Read Issue #2 of Wired Magazine.  It has a long article on the "hype" of
>>3DO.  I've noticed that every article talks with the designers and how
>>"great" it is, but never show any pictures of the output (or at least
>>pictures that one can understand)

>Gamepro magazine published pictures a few months ago and Computer Chronicles
>(a program that is syndicated to public tv stations around the nation) spent
>several minutes on it when it was shown at CES.  It was very impressive what
>it can do in real time.

>John Munsch

The April 1993 edition of MIX Magazine carries a story on 3DO which
includes pictures of the unit, a schematic of what's inside and some
indication from the people at 3DO as to where they intend to go and in
what stages. (MIX is a trade rag aimed at the professional sound
engineering community.)

The schematic shows a central DMA Engine connecting and mediating between
two Graphics Animation processors (32 bit bus), a 32-bit RISC processor
with math co-processor, Video Decomp module, a control port, an expansion
port (where 3DO hangs its double-fast CD player), 1Mb DRAM, an optional
video port (for editing video) and on the outbound side 1MB VRAM to Video
Processor to TV chain parallel with a DSP to sound chain. 

They promise Red Book CD-quality audio, full 30 fps video and a future
connection path to your PC via a PC expansion card.

I am not informed enough to have an opinion about the various means and
methods discussed here. The article, written by Philip De Lancie, does
cover the other machines mentioned in this thread.  I come from the PC
TCP/IP world and see a tremendous potential for bringing connectedness to
the educated consumer; 3DO seems to have the right business partners to
make this happen. 

Hope this helps.

David Shute
EMAIL: dks@world.std.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38771
From: raunoh@otol.fi (Rauno Haapaniemi)
Subject: REAL-3D

Earlier today I read an ad for REAL-3D animation & ray-tracing software and
it looked very convincing to me. However, I don't own an Amiga and so I began 
to wonder, if there's a PC version of it.

So, has anyone seen/used REAl-3D for DOS??

---
Rauno 'Rene' Haapaniemi  I Every word of it are true,
Haapanatie 2D 409        I   except for those that are lies...
90150 OULU               I
reneh@otol.fi            I       Douglas Adams


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38772
From: sean@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Sean Murphy)
Subject: Hallusion info??

Has anyone seen hallusions?  You can buy a poster of them and it looks like a simple dot pattern
when you first look at it but if you focus behind it you see a 3d picture.  I'm looking for
a program that generates these pictures.  There's a company in Texas that makes them but I 
doubt if they're giving the program away.  Any help would be appreciated. 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38773
From: d0np@elara.sun.csd.unb.ca (Necros)
Subject: CGM -> something (preferably PCX)


Does anybody know about a converter from CGM to PCX or anything else more
common.  I've spent some time searching the archives with no luck.
Could you email me your responses.



                 Thx in advance,
                         Mike G.


d0np@jupiter.sun.csd.unb.ca


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38774
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Kubota Kenai/Denali ?


Does anyone have any real experience with the Kubota Kenai/Denali
series of graphics workstations?  They pretty much blow the pants
off SGI machines and Sun machines in the same price point, which
is about 50,000 bucks.  Real nice stuff, but I've only seen the
stuff on paper.  I'm wondering, is there anything NOT to like?  The
specs are too massive to get into here, but if a summary is desired
I could be coaxed into uploading the spec sheet.

Brian


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38775
From: dlunt@segovia.ct_exploit (Danny Lunt)
Subject: Re: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain dat

Try spectrum.xerox.com [192.70.225.78] in /pub/map/dem.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38776
From: matt-dah@dsv.su.se (Mattias Dahlberg)
Subject: Re: REAL-3D

Rauno Haapaniemi (raunoh@otol.fi) wrote:

> Earlier today I read an ad for REAL-3D animation & ray-tracing software
> and it looked very convincing to me.

Yes, it looks like very good indeed.

> However, I don't own an Amiga and so I began to wonder, if there's a PC
> version of it.

Nope.

--
=========================================================
=  Regards  =  email:              =  1280x512x262000+  = 
=  Mattias  =  matt-dah@dsv.su.se  =  I love it.        =
=========================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38777
From: alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:

>In article <7306@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
>>What kind of polygons?  Shaded?  Texturemapped?  Hm?  More comes into play with
>>fast routines than just "polygons".  It would be nice to know exaclty what
>>system (VGA is a start, but what processor?) and a few of the specifics of the
>>implementation.  You need to give  more info if you want to get any answers! :P

>I don't want texture mapped, cause if I did I'd asked for them. :)  Just
>a simple and fast routine to do filled polygons.  As for the processor, it'd
>be for a minimum of a 286... maybe 386 if I can't find a good one for 286s.
>Ideally, I want a polyn function that can clip to a user-defined viewport,
>and write to an arbitrary location in memory.  Of course the chances of

Ok It is for a game that is 3d and you have listed the characteristics 
that you are looking for. I think you may have left out a few 
important parameters. 
The polygons are all convex. 
They have less than N sides. (you are drawing meshes walls doors etc.)

I believe that the algorithms you can get that will only draw convex
polygons can be much more efficient than those that can draw
concave / self intersecting polygons. 
This efficiency can largely be attributed to the fact that 
simple convex polygons only have a left and a right edge on each scan line.
Complex (figure 8 type polygons) can be a bit trickier.

The less than N sides specification especially if it is a very small 
number like 3 or 4 allow othe optimisations to be made.

Thus for a high speed game application I think you are looking for
code that exploits and is hence limited to drawing simple convex
polygons.  

>finding something like that are pretty remote, so I guess I'd need the source
>with it.  Oh, and I guess it would need to be in ASM otherwise it'd be too
>slow.  I've seen some polygon routines in C, and they've all been waaay too
>slow.  Its for a 3D vector graphics program.  I've been hunting high and low

It may have been that they were very general purpose algorithms.
If you limit yourself to 3 or four sided simple convex polygons
I think you might be suprised how fast a c algorithm with a 
asm block move to fill each scan line might actually be.


>for a polyn function in ASM, and I can't find one anywhere that I can use.
>I've found one or two polyn functions, but my ASM is pretty bad, so I won't
>even try to rewrite them. :)
>		//Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38778
From: grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov (John T. Grieggs)
Subject: (26Apr93) comp.graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Archive-name: graphics/faq

This message is automatically posted once a week or so in an effort to
cut down on the repetitive junk in comp.graphics.  It was last changed
on 26Apr93.  If you have answers to other frequently asked questions that
you would like included in this posting, please send me mail.  If you
don't want to see this posting every week, please add the subject line
to your kill file.  Thank you.

If your copy of the FAQ is more than a couple of weeks old, you may want to
seek out the most recent version.  The latest version of this FAQ is always
available on the archive site pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) as
pub/usenet/news.answers/graphics/faq.

---
_john

	John Grieggs grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov JohnG@portal.com
---
Last update: 26Apr93

Sorry I haven't posted this for a couple of weeks, but I was called out of
town due to a death in the family.  This is reality, folks.

What's new?

SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project (spencer@cgrg.ohio-state.edu).

		grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov



Contents:

    1) General references for graphics questions.
    2) Drawing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional screen.
    3) Quantizing 24 bit images down to 8 bits.
    4) Converting color into grayscale.
    5) Quantizing grayscale to black&white.
    6) Rotating a raster image by an arbitrary angle.
    7) Free image manipulation software.
    8) Format documents for TIFF, IFF, BIFF, NFF, OFF, FITS, etc.
    9) Converting between vector formats.
    10) How to get Pixar films.
    11) How do I draw a circle as a Bezier (or B-spline) curve?
    12) How to order standards documents.
    13) How to FTP by email.
    14) How to tell whether a point is within a planar polygon.
    15) How to tessellate a sphere.
    16) Specific references on ray-tracing and global illumination.
    17) SIGGRAPH information online
    18) SIGGRAPH Panels Proceedings available
    19) Graphics mailing lists
    20) Specific references on file formats
    21) What about GIF?
    22) What is morphing?
    23) How to ray-trace height fields
    24) How to find the area of a 3D polygon
    25) How to join ACM/SIGGRAPH
    26) Where can I find MRI and CT scan volume data?
    27) Specific references on spatial data structures including quadtrees
	and octrees
    28) Where can I get a program to plot XY(Z) data or f(x) data?
    29) Specific references on PEX and PHIGS
    30) SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project


1) General references for graphics questions:

    Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice (2nd Ed.), J.D. Foley,
	A. van Dam, S.K. Feiner, J.F. Hughes, Addison-Wesley 1990, ISBN
	0-201-12110-7
    Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics, David F. Rogers, McGraw
	Hill 1985, ISBN 0-07-053534-5
    Mathematical Elements for Computer Graphics 2nd Ed., David F. Rogers
	and J. Alan Adams, McGraw Hill 1990, ISBN 0-07-053530-2
    Three Dimensional Computer Graphics, Alan Watt, Addison-Wesley 1990, ISBN
	0-201-15442-0
    An Introduction to Ray Tracing, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press
	1989, ISBN 0-12-286160-4
    Graphics Gems, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press 1990, ISBN
	0-12-286165-5
    Graphics Gems II, James Arvo (ed.), Academic Press 1991, ISBN
	0-12-64480-0
    Graphics Gems III, David Kirk (ed.), Academic Press 1992, ISBN
	0-12-409670-0 (with IBM disk) or 0-12-409671-9 (with Mac disk)
    Digital Image Warping, George Wolberg, IEEE Computer Society Press
	Monograph 1990, ISBN 0-8186-8944-7
    Digital Image Processing (2nd Ed.), Rafael C. Gonzalez, Paul Wintz,
	Addison-Wesley 1987, ISBN 0-201-11026-1
    A Programmer's Geometry, Adrian Bowyer, John Woodwark, Butterworths 1983,
	ISBN 0-408-01242-0 Pbk

An automatic mail handler at Brown University allows users of "Computer
Graphics: Principles and Practice," by Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and
Hughes, to obtain text errata and information on distribution of the
software packages described in the book.  Also, users can send the
authors feedback, to report text errors and software bugs, make
suggestions, and submit exercises.  To receive information describing
how you can use the mail handler, simply mail graphtext@cs.brown.edu
and put the word "Help" in the Subject line.  Use the Subject line
"Software-Distribution" to receive information specifically concerning
the software packages SRGP and SPHIGS.

Errata for "An Introduction to Ray Tracing" is available on
wuarchive.wustl.edu in graphics/graphics/books/IntroToRT.errata.

Errata for "Digital Image Warping" is in the same directory as
"Digital-Image-Warping.errata".

All C code from the "Graphics Gems" series is available via anonymous ftp
from princeton.edu.  Look in the directory pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems for
the various volumes (Gems, GemsII, GemsIII), and get the README file first.

Errata to _Graphics Gems_ and _Graphics Gems II is available on
wuarchive.wustl.edu in graphics/graphics/books.

A list of computer graphics, computational geometry and image processing
journals is available from Juhana Kouhia, jk87377@cs.tut.fi.


2) Drawing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional screen.

The simple answer is, you divide by the depth.  For a more verbose
explanation, see any of the above references, starting with:

The Foley & Van Dam & Feiner & Hughes "Computer Graphics" book is certainly
a good start.  Chapter 6 is "Viewing in 3D", then read chapter 15,
"Visible-Surface Determination".  For more information go to chapter 16 for
shading, chapter 19 for clipping, and branch out from there.


3) Quantizing 24 bit images down to 8 bits.

Find a copy of "Color Image Quantization for Frame Buffer Display" by
Paul Heckbert, SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings, page 297.  There are other
algorithms, but this one works well and is fairly simple.  Implementations
are included in most raster toolkits (see item 7 below).

A variant method is described in "Graphics Gems", p. 287-293.  Note that
the code from the "Graphics Gems" series is all available from an FTP site,
as described above.

Check out John Bradley's "Diversity Algorithm", which is incorporated into
the xv package and described in the back of the manual.

The ImageMagick package (see section 7 for where it is) contains another
quantizing algorithm which is presented as "doing a better job than the
other algorithms, but slower".

There's also an implementation of:

Wan, Wong, and Prusinkiewicz, _An Algorithm for Multidimensional Data
Clustering_, Transactions on Mathematical Software, Vol. 14 #2 (June, 1988),
pp. 153-162.

avialable as princeton.edu:pub/Graphics/colorquant.shar.  This code,
in modified form, appears in the Utah Raster Toolkit as well.


4) Converting color into grayscale.

The NTSC formula is:

    luminosity = .299 red + .587 green + .114 blue


5) Quantizing grayscale to black&white.

The only reference you need for this stuff is:

    Digital Halftoning, Robert Ulichney, MIT Press 1987, ISBN 0-262-21009-6

But before you go off and start coding, check out the image manipulation
software mentioned in item 7 below.  All of the packages mentioned can do
some form of gray to b&w conversion.


6) Rotating a raster image by an arbitrary angle.

The obvious but wrong method is to loop over the pixels in the source
image, transform each coordinate, and copy the pixel to the destination.
This is wrong because it leaves holes in the destination.  Instead,
loop over the pixels in the destination image, apply the *reverse*
transformation to the coordinates, and copy that pixel from the source.
This method is quite general, and can be used for any one-to-one
2-D mapping, not just rotation.  You can add anti-aliasing by doing
sub-pixel sampling.

However, there is a much faster method, with antialising included,
which involves doing three shear operations.  The method was originally
created for the IM Raster Toolkit (see below); an implementation is
also present in PBMPLUS.  Reference: "A Fast Algorithm for Raster
Rotation", by Alan Paeth (awpaeth@watcgl.waterloo.edu) Graphics
Interface '86 (Vancouver).  An article on the IM toolkit appears in
the same journal.  An updated version of the rotation paper appears
in "Graphics Gems" (see section [1]) under the original title.


7) Free image manipulation software.

There are a number of toolkits for converting from one image format to
another, doing simple image manipulations such as size scaling, plus
the above-mentioned 24 -> 8, color -> gray, gray -> b&w conversions.
Here are pointers to some of them:

    xv by John Bradley.  X-based image display, manipulation, and format
    conversion package.  XV displays many image formats and permits editing
    of GIF files, among others. The program was updated 5/92; see the file
    contrib/xv-2.21.tar.Z on export.lcs.mit.edu.

    PBMPLUS, by Jef Poskanzer.  Comprehensive format conversion and image
    manipulation package.  The latest version is always available via
    anonymous FTP as ftp.ee.lbl.gov:pbmplus*.tar.Z,
    wuarchive.wustl.edu:graphics/graphics/packages/pbmplus/pbmplus*.tar.Z,
    and export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/pbmplus*.tar.Z.

    IM Raster Toolkit, by Alan Paeth (awpaeth@watcgl.uwaterloo.ca).
    Provides a portable and efficient format and related toolkit.  The
    format is versatile in supporting pixels of arbitrary channels,
    components, and bit precisions while allowing compression and machine
    byte-order independence.  The kit contains more than 50 tools with
    extensive support of image manipulation, digital halftoning and format
    conversion.  Previously distributed on tape c/o the University of
    Waterloo, an FTP version will appear someday.

    Utah RLE Toolkit.  Conversion and manipulation package, similar to
    PBMPLUS.  Available via FTP as cs.utah.edu:pub/urt-*,
    princeton.edu:pub/Graphics/urt-*, and freebie.engin.umich.edu:pub/urt-*.

    Fuzzy Pixmap Manipulation, by Michael Mauldin <mlm@nl.cs.cmu.edu>.
    Conversion and manipulation package, similar to PBMPLUS.  Version 1.0
    available via FTP as nl.cs.cmu.edu:/usr/mlm/ftp/fbm.tar.Z,
    ftp.uu.net:pub/fbm.tar.Z, and ucsd.edu:graphics/fbm.tar.Z.

    Img Software Set, by Paul Raveling <raveling@venera.isi.edu>.  Reads and
    writes its own image format, displays on an X11 screen, and does some
    image manipulations.  Version 1.3 is available via FTP as
    export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/img_1.3.tar.Z, and
    venera.isi.edu:pub/img_1.3.tar.Z along with a large collection of color
    images.

    Xim, X Image Manipulator, by Philip R. Thompson.  It does essential
    interactive image manipulations and uses x11r4 and the OSF/Motif toolkit
    for the interface.  It supports images in 1, 8, 24 and 32 bit formats.
    Reads/writes and converts to/from GIF, xwd, xbm, tiff, rle, xim, and
    other formats.  Writes level 2 postscript.  Other utilities and image
    application library are included.  Not a paint package.  Available via
    ftp from gis.mit.edu.

    xloadimage, by Jim Frost <madd@std.com>.  Reads in images in various
    formats and displays them on an X11 screen.  Available via FTP as
    export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/xloadimage*, and in your nearest comp.sources.x
    archive.

    xli, by Grame Gill, is an updated xloadimage with numerous improvements
    in both speed and in the number of formats supported.  Available in the
    same places as xloadimage (contrib tape, comp.sources.x archives).

    TIFF Software, by Sam Leffler <sam@okeeffe.berkeley.edu>.  Nice
    portable library for reading and writing TIFF files, plus a few tools
    for manipulating them and reading other formats.  Available via FTP as
    ucbvax.berkeley.edu:pub/tiff/*.tar.Z or ftp.uu.net:graphics/tiff.tar.Z

    xtiff, an X11 tool for viewing a TIFF file.  It was written to handle
    as many different kinds of TIFF files as possible while remaining
    simple, portable and efficient.  xtiff illustrates some common problems
    with building pixmaps and using different visual classes.  It is
    distributed as part of Sam Leffler's libtiff package and it is also
    available on export.lcs.mit.edu, ftp.uu.net and comp.sources.x.
    xtiff 2.0 was announced in 4/91; it includes Xlib and Xt versions.

    ALV, a Sun-specific image toolkit.  Version 2.0.6 posted to
    comp.sources.sun on 11dec89.  Also available via email to
    alv-users-request@cs.bris.ac.uk.

    popi, an image manipulation language.  Version 2.1 posted to
    comp.sources.misc on 12dec89.

    ImageMagick, an X11 package for display and interactive manipulation
    of images.  Includes tools for image conversion, annotation, compositing,
    animation, and creating montages.  ImageMagick can read and write many of
    the more popular image formats.  Available via FTP as
    export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.

    Khoros, a huge (~100 meg) graphical development environment based on
    X11R4.  Khoros components include a visual programming language, code
    generators for extending the visual language and adding new application
    packages to the system, an interactive user interface editor, an
    interactive image display package, an extensive library of image and
    signal processing routines, and 2D/3D plotting packages.  Available via
    FTP as pprg.eece.unm.edu:pub/khoros/*.

    LaboImage, a SunView-based image processing and analysis package.  It
    includes more than 200 image manipulation, processing and measurement
    routines, on-line help, plus tools such as an image editor, a color
    table editor and several biomedical utilities.  Available via anonymous
    FTP as ads.com:pub/VISION-LIST-ARCHIVE/SHAREWARE/LaboImage_3.1.tar.Z

    The San Diego Supercomputer Center Image Tools, software tools for
    reading, writing, and manipulating raster images.  Binaries for some
    machines available via anonymous FTP in sdsc.edu:sdscpub.

    The Independent JPEG Group has written a package for reading and
    writing JPEG files.  FTP to ftp.uu.net:graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v?.tar.Z

Don't forget to set binary mode when you FTP tar files.  For you MILNET
folks who still don't have name servers, the IP addresses are:

    ads.com			128.229.30.16
    cs.utah.edu			128.110.4.21
    coral.cs.jcu.edu.au		137.219.17.4
    export.lcs.mit.edu		18.24.0.12
    freebie.engin.umich.edu	141.212.103.21
    ftp.ee.lbl.gov		128.3.112.20
    ftp.uu.net			137.39.1.9 or 192.48.96.9
    gis.mit.edu			18.80.1.118
    gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au	128.250.70.62
    karazm.math.uh.edu		129.7.7.6
    marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au	134.7.1.1
    nic.funet.fir		128.214.6.100
    ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu		141.142.20.50
    nl.cs.cmu.edu		128.2.222.56
    pit-manager.mit.edu		18.172.1.27
    pprg.eece.unm.edu		129.24.24.10
    princeton.edu		128.112.128.1
    sdsc.edu			132.249.20.22
    ucbvax.berkeley.edu		128.32.133.1
    venera.isi.edu		128.9.0.32
    weedeater.math.yale.edu	128.36.23.17
    wuarchive.wustl.edu		128.252.135.4
    zamenhof.cs.rice.edu	128.42.1.75

Please do *not* post or mail messages saying "I can't FTP, could someone
mail this to me?"  There are a number of automated mail servers that will
send you things like this in response to a message.  See item 13 below for
details on some.

Also, the newsgroup alt.graphics.pixutils is specifically for discussion
of software like this.  You may find useful information there.


8) Format documents for TIFF, IFF, BIFF, NFF, OFF, FITS, etc.

You almost certainly don't need these.  Read the above item 7 on free
image manipulation software.  Get one or more of these packages and
look through them.  Chances are excellent that the image converter you
were going to write is already there.  But if you still want one of the
format documents, many such files are available by anonymous ftp from
zamenhof.cs.rice.edu in directory pub/graphics.formats.

These files were collected off the net and are believed to be correct.
This archive includes pixel formats, and two- and three-dimensional object
formats.  The future of this archive is uncertain at the moment, as Mark
Hall <foo@cs.rice.edu> will apparently no longer be maintaining it.

A second graphics file format archive is now being actively maintained
by Quincey Koziol (koziol@ncsa.uiuc.edu).  The latest version exists at
ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in /misc/file.formats/graphics.formats.  Apparently,
neither of these is complete, you might want to check both.

FITS stands for Flexible Image Transport System. It's a file format most
often used in astronomy.  Despite the name, it can contain not only images
but other things as well.  There is a regular monthly FITS basics and
information posting on sci.astro.fits - read it if you want to know more.



9) Converting between vector formats.

A lot of people ask about converting from HPGL to PostScript, or MacDraw
to CGM, or whatever.  It is important to understand that this is a very
different problem from the image format conversions in item 7.  Converting
one image format to another is a fairly easy problem, since once you
get past all the file header junk, a pixel is a pixel -- the basic objects
are the same for all image formats.  This is not so for vector formats.
The basic objects -- circles, ellipses, drop-shadowed pattern-filled
round-cornered rectangles, etc. -- vary from one format to another.
Except in extremely restricted cases, it is simply not possible to do
a one-to-one conversion between vector formats.

There is software for converting to and from CGM files on ftp.psc.edu.  The
contributor states that it runs on Unix, MS-Windows, and possibly the Mac.
A better, more specific blurb would be most welcome.

On the other hand, it is quite possible to do a close approximation,
rendering an image from one format using the primitives from another.
As far as I know, no one has put together a general toolkit of such
converters, but two different HPGL to PostScript converters have been
posted to comp.sources.misc.  Check the index on your nearest archive
site.

A related frequent question is how to convert from some vector format
to a bitmapped image - from PostScript to Sun raster format, or HPGL to
X11 bitmap.  For example, some of the commercial PostScript clones for
PC's allow you to render to a disk file as well as a printer.  Also,
the PostScript interpreters in the NeXT box and in Sun's X11/NeWs can
be used to render to a file if you're clever.  But in general, the
answer is no.  However, if someone were to put together a vector to
vector conversion toolkit, adding a vector to raster converter would be
trivial.

GNU ghostscript (from the FSF - current version 2.5.2) includes
drivers for both ppm and gif format files, thus it can be used as
a PostScript to ppm  or a PostScript to GIF filter.  (It implements
essentially all of PostScript level 1 and alot of Display PostScript
and level 2).


10) How to get Pixar films.

The various John Lasseter / Pixar computer animated shorts are available
on video tape.  You can order them from Direct Cinema Limited:

    Film                           Individual Price      Institutional Price
    Luxo, Jr.				$14.95			$50.00
    Red's Dream				$19.95			$75.00
    Tin Toy				$24.95			$75.00
    Knickknack				$24.95			$75.00
    Luxo, Jr./Red's Dream/Tin Toy	$39.95			$100.00

All tapes are on 1/2" VHS NTSC.  Add $10/tape for PAL format.  Also
available:

    Tin Toy T-shirt			$15.00
    Knickknack 3D T-shirt		$15.00 (includes glasses)

For individual orders, add $5 S&H for the first tape or shirt, $2 for
each additional tape or shirt.  For institutional orders, add $5 S&H
for the first tape, $3 for each additional tape.  Foreign shipping, add
$3/tape or shirt.  Call 800-525-0000 (213-396-4774 international,
213-396-3233 FAX) to charge to your credit card.  Call first to verify
prices and availability.  Or, just write to:

    Direct Cinema Limited
    1749 14th Street
    Santa Monica, CA 90404-4342

Allan Braunsdorf has this to say:

At SIGGRAPH they were selling a tape with all four shorts
for $25.  That was a sale price.  You can get it for slightly
more than that normally.  ($35 maybe.)  I believe it's
available from RenderMan Retail (at Pixar's address).

    Pixar
    1001 West Cutting Blvd.
    Richmond, CA. 94804
    (510) 236-4000 
    (510) 236-0388 (FAX)

You can obtain a video directly from Pixar which contains "Luxo, Jr.", "Red's
Dream", "Tin Toy" and "Knicknack" for $25.00, plus $2.50 for shipping. They
will take your order over the phone or via FAX with a major credit card. I 
ordered mine just last week and received it several days later. Don't expect 
to be able to rent a copy from your local video store. According to the license
agreement printed on the back cover of the case, it cannot be rented.


11) How do I draw a circle as a Bezier (or B-spline) curve?

The short answer is, "You can't."  Unless you use a rational spline you
can only approximate a circle.  The approximation may look acceptable,
but it is sensitive to scale.  Magnify the scale and the error of
approximation magnifies.  Deviations from circularity that were not
visible in the small can become glaring in the large.  If you want to
do the job right, consult the article:

  "A Menagerie of Rational B-Spline Circles"
  by Leslie Piegl and Wayne Tiller
  in IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, volume 9, number 9,
  September, 1989, pages 48-56.

For rough, non-rational approximations, consult the book:

  Computational Geometry for Design and Manufacture
  by I. D. Faux and M. J. Pratt,
  Ellis Horwood Publishers, Halsted Press, John Wiley 1980.

For the best known non-rational approximations, consult the article:

  "Good Approximation of Circles by Curvature-continuous Bezier Curves"
  by Tor Dokken, Morten Daehlen, Tom Lyche, and Knut Morken
  in Computer Aided Geometric Design, volume 7, numbers 1-4 (combined),
  June, 1990, pages 33-41 [Elsevier Science Publishers (North-Holland)]


12) How to order standards documents.

The American National Standards Institute sells ANSI standards, and also
ISO (international) standards.  Their sales office is at 1-212-642-4900,
mailing address is 1430 Broadway, NY NY 10018.  It helps if you have the
complete name and number.

Some useful numbers to know:

CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile) is ISO 8632-4 (1987).  GKS (Graphical
Kernel System) is ANSI X3.124-1985.  PHIGS (Programmer's Hierarchical
Interactive Graphics System) is ANSI X3.144-1988.  IGES is ASME/ANSI
Y14.26M-1987.  Language bindings are often separate but related numbers;
for example, the GKS FORTRAN binding is X3.124.1-1985.

Standards-in-progress are made available at key milestones to solicit
comments from the graphical public (this includes you!).  ANSI can let
you know where to order them; most are available from Global Engineering
at 1-800-854-7179.


13) How to FTP by email.

There are a number of sites that archive the Usenet sources newsgroups
and make them available via an email query system.  You send a message
to an automated server saying something like "send comp.sources.unix/fbm",
and a few hours or days later you get the file in the mail.

In addition, there is at least one FTP-by-mail server.  Send mail to
ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com saying "help" and it will tell you how to use
it.  Note that this service has at times been turned off due to abuse.


14) How to tell whether a point is within a planar polygon.

Consider a ray originating at the point of interest and continuing to
infinity.  If it crosses an odd number of polygon edges along the way,
the point is within the polygon.  If the ray crosses an even number of
edges, the point is either outside the polygon, or within an interior
hole formed from intersecting polygon edges.  This idea is known in
the trade as the Jordan curve theorem; see Eric Haines' article in
Glassner's ray tracing book (above) for more information, including
treatment of special cases.

Another method is to sum the absolute angles from the point to all
the vertices on the polygon.  If the sum is 2 pi, the point is inside,
if the sum is 0 the point is outside.  However, this method is about an
order of magnitude slower than the previous method because evaluating the
trigonometric functions is usually quite costly.

Code for both methods (plus barycentric triangle testing) can be found in
the Ray Tracing News, Vol. 5, No. 3, available from princeton.edu:
pub/Graphics/RTNews/RTNv5n3.Z.


15) How to tessellate a sphere.

One simple way is to do recursive subdivision into triangles.  The
base of the recursion is an octahedron, and then each level divides
each triangle into four smaller ones.  Jon Leech <leech@cs.unc.edu>
has posted a nice routine called sphere.c that generates the coordinates.
It's available for FTP on ftp.ee.lbl.gov and princeton.edu.

16) Specific references on ray-tracing and global illumination.

Rick Speer maintains a cross-indexed ray-tracing bibliography:

Highlights of this edition-

    i) more than 500 citations spanning the period from 1968 through
       November '91;
    ii) papers from all Siggraph, Graphics Interface, Eurographics, CG
        International and Ausgraph proceedings through December, '91;
    iii) all citations keyworded for easy lookup;
    iv) cross-indices by keyword and author;
    v)  glossary of the 119 keywords used.

The bib is in the form of a PostScript file.  The printout is 41 pages long.
Below is a list of ftp sites and the dirs that contain the file. It's named
"speer.raytrace.bib.ps.Z" and is compressed at most sites-

             Site                             Dir
	wuarchive.wustl.edu	graphics/graphics/bib/RT.BIB.Speer/
	karazm.math.uh.edu	pub/Graphics/
	gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au	pub/papers/
	nic.funet.fi		pub/sci/papers/graphics
	coral.cs.jcu.edu.au     graphics/papers/

Eric Haines (erich@eye.com) maintains ray tracing and radiosity/global
illumination bibliographies.  These are in "refer" format, and so can be
searched electronically (a simple awk script to search for keywords is
included with each).  The bibliographies are available at most of the
sites listed above, and the most current versions are maintained at
princeton.edu: pub/Graphics/Papers as "RayBib.*" and "RadBib.*".

Tom Wilson (wilson@cs.ucf.edu) has collected over 300 abstracts from ray
tracing related research papers and books.  The information is essentially
in plaintext, and Latex and troff formatting programs are included.  This
collection is available at most of the sites above as "rtabs.*".

17) SIGGRAPH information online

[from Steve Cunningham and Ralph Orlick]

ACM-SIGGRAPH announces its online information site at  siggraph.org
(128.248.245.250).  This site now provides SIGGRAPH information via both
anonymous ftp and an electronic mail archive server.

The anonymous ftp service is very standard, and the ftp directory includes
both conference and publications subdirectories.

To retrieve information by electronic mail, send mail to
     archive-server@siggraph.org
and in the subject or the body of the message include the message  send
followed by the topic and subtopic you wish.  A good place to start is with
the command
     send index
which will give you an up-to-date list of available information.


18) SIGGRAPH Panels Proceedings available

[from Steve Cunningham and Bob Judd]

ACM SIGGRAPH announces the availability of the SIGGRAPH '91 Panels Proceedings
at the  siggraph.org  site (128.248.245.250).  The proceedings are available
in three formats:
     text   (ASCII)
     rtf    (rich text format, suitable for many word processors)
     word   (MS Word for the Macintosh)
They may be retrieved from siggraph.org in two ways:

(1) by anonymous ftp
    change to one of the directories
       publications/s91/panels_proceedings/[text|rtf|word]
    The text and rtf files may be downloaded in ASCII mode, while the word
    files are stored in MacBinary format and must be downloaded in binary 
    mode.

    Each directory contains a Table of Contents file (TOC) that describes the
    contents of each panel file.

(2) by electronic mail
    send mail to
       archive-server@siggraph.org
    You can retrieve either the  text  or  rtf  files.  We suggest that you
    first retrieve the index files by putting one of the messages
       send panel91-txt index
       send panel91-rtf index
    in the subject or body of the message.  You will get the necessary
    information to retrieve the actual transcript files.


19) Graphics mailing lists

There are a variety of graphics-related mailing list out there, each
covering either a single product or a single topic.  I have been an
active participant in one of these for some time now, and find the
focus and expertise which can be brought to bear on an isolated topic
to be nothing short of amazing.

Please send me the appropriate information if you have any others you
would like to see added.

Name:		Imagine mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for users of the Imagine 3D Rendering and
		Animation package by Impulse, Inc.
Platforms:	Amiga, IBM
Subscription:	imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com
Posting:	imagine@email.sp.paramax.com

Name:		DCTV mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for users of the Digital Creations DCTV
		box, software, and file formats
Platforms:	Amiga
Subscription:	DCTV-request@nova.cc.purdue.edu
Posting:	DCTV@nova.cc.purdue.edu

Name:		Rayshade Users mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for users of the Rayshade raytracer
Platforms:	Most UNIX boxes, Amiga, Mac, IBM
Subscription:	rayshade-request@cs.princeton.edu
Posting:	rayshade-users@cs.princeton.edu

Name:		Lightwave 3D software for Toaster mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for users of Lightwave, the Video
		Toaster modelling and rendering package
Platforms:	Amiga
Subscription:	lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com
		with "subscribe lightwave-l" in your message
Posting:	lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com

Name:		POV mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for DKBTrace and POV renderers
Platforms:	Unix
Subscription:	listserv@trearn.bitnet
Posting:	dkb-l@trearn.bitnet

Name:		Mailing List For Massive Parallel Rendering
Description:	same?
Platforms:	Unix
Subscription:	mp-render-request@icase.edu
Posting:	mp-render@icase.edu

20) Specific references on file formats

    Graphics File Formats, David Kay and John Levine, Windcrest/McGraw-Hill
      1992, ISBN 0-8306-3059-7 paper, ISBN 0-8306-3060-0 $36.95 hardcover,
      ISBN 0-8306-3059-7 $24.95 paper.  Comments - 26 formats, no software
      (this is good, IMHO - I prefer books which are non-platform-dependent).
      Questions about this book may be sent to gbook@iecc.cambridge.ma.us.


21) What about GIF?

GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format.  It is portable and usable upon
a wide variety of platforms.  It is quite limited in some ways (yes, the
keeper of the FAQ has some opinions after all), and in fact, I don't like
it much.  However, it looks to me like the most-Frequently Asked Question
which was not previously covered in this list.  The following is a list
of newsgroups and the like where one could go to find out about GIF.

Subject: alt.binaries.pictures FAQ - General info
Subject: alt.binaries.pictures FAQ - OS specific info
Newsgroups: alt.binaries.pictures.d,alt.binaries.pictures.misc,
	alt.binaries.pictures.utilities,alt.binaries.pictures.fractals,
	alt.binaries.pictures.fine-art.d,news.answers

Available in the indicated USENET newsgroup(s), or via anonymous ftp from
pit-manager.mit.edu in the files:

/pub/usenet/news.answers/pictures-faq/part1
/pub/usenet/news.answers/pictures-faq/part2

Also available from mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu by sending a mail
message containing any or all of:

send usenet/news.answers/pictures-faq/part1
send usenet/news.answers/pictures-faq/part2

Send a message containing "help" to get general information about the
mail server.

Also, you could check out the resources described in sections 7, 8, and
20 above for more information.


22) What is morphing?

Warping is the deformation of an image by mapping each pixel to a new
location. Morphing is blending from one image or object to another one.
Valerie Hall has written an excellent introduction to warping and
morphing. This is available for anonymous ftp from marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au
in the directory pub/graphics/bibliography/Morph. There are three files:

        morph_intro.ps.Z     (PostScript version, many pictures - 1.5M)
        morph_intro.txt.Z    (text version)
        m_responses.Z        (Responses to morphing questions)

The files are compressed, so you must use binary transfer and
uncompress them afterwards.


23) How to ray-trace height fields

Height fields are a special case in ray-tracing.  They have a number of uses,
such as terrain rendering, and some optimization is possible.  Thus, they
get their own FAQ section.  Note that further references can no doubt be
located via the ray-tracing bibs in section 16 above.

The following paper seems to be the definitive reference:

F. Kenton Musgrave
Grid Tracing: Fast Ray Tracing For Height Fields
July, 1988
<musg88.ps.Z>

This is available as "Research Report YALEU/DCS/RR-639" from Yale University,
it's also in the SIGGRAPH '91 Fractal Modeling in 3D Computer Graphics and
Imaging course notes, and (best of all) it's available on the net:

    nic.funet.fi		pub/sci/papers/musg88.ps.Z
    weedeater.math.yale.edu	pub/Papers/musg88.ms.Z
    princeton.edu		pub/Graphics/Papers/musg88.ms.Z
    coral.cs.jcu.edu.au		graphics/papers/musg88.ps.Z
    gondwana.ecr.mu.OZ.AU	pub/papers/musg88.ms.Z and musg88.ps.Z

An implementation of this paper may be found in Rayshade.

Another paper exists:

%A David W. Paglieroni
%A Sidney M. Petersen
%T Parametric Height Field Ray Tracing
%J Proceedings of Graphics Interface '92
%I Canadian Information Processing Society
%C Toronto, Ontario
%D May 1992
%P 192-200

And still one more:

Musgrave, Kolb, and Mace
"The Synthesis and Rendering of Eroded Fractal Terrains",
Computer Graphics Vol 23, No. 3 (SIGGRAPH '89 procedings) p. 41-50



24) How to find the area of a 3D polygon

	The area of a triangle is given by (in C notation),

     area = 0.5 * ( ( x[0] * y[1] ) + ( x[1] * y[2] ) + ( x[2] * y[0] ) -
	            ( x[1] * y[0] ) - ( x[2] * y[1] ) - ( x[0] * y[2] ) );

and the area of a planar polygon is given by

     area = 0.0;

     for ( i = 0; i < n - 1; i++ )
         area += ( x[i] * y[i + 1] ) - ( x[i + 1] * y[i] );
     area += ( x[n - 1] * y[0] ) - ( x[0] * y[n - 1] );
     area /= 2.0;

If the area is a negative number, the polygon or triangle is
clockwise, if positive, it is counterclockwise.

>From Ronald Golman's Gem (in Graphics Gems II - see section 1 above), "Area
 of Planar Polygons and Volume of Polyhedra:"

The area of a polygon P0, P1, P2, ... Pn, not in the x-y plane, is
given by

     Area(Polygon) = 1/2 * | N . Sigma { Pk x Pk+1 } |

where N is the unit vector normal to the plane and P is a polygonal
vertex.  The . represents the dot product operator and the x
represents the cross product operator.  Sigma represents the summation
operator.  | | represents the absolute value operator.  Pn+1 is equal
to P0.


25) How to join ACM/SIGGRAPH

Probably the easiest way to join ACM/SIGGRAPH is to trot over to your
local technical library and find a copy of Communications of the ACM.
Somewhere within the first few pages will be an application blank.
Fill it out and mail it in.  ACM membership for students costs $23.00,
Voting or Associate Membership $77.00 (yearly)

SIGGRAPH student membership costs an additional $16.00, $26.00 for
Voting or Associate Members (also yearly).  To get TOG (Transactions
on Graphics) it's another $26.00 for students and $31.00 for Voting or
Associate Members.

If you just want to join SIGGRAPH without joining ACM, it'll cost you
$59.00 (no student discount).

There are surcharges for overseas airmailing of publications.

ACM Member services may be contacted via email at acmhelp@acmvm.bitnet. 
Their phone number is (212) 626-0500.  FAX number (212) 944-1318.
Snailmail address:

                ACM
                PO Box 12114
                Church Street Station
                New York, New York 10257

SIGGRAPH `93 will be held in Anaheim, California, at the Anaheim
Convention Center (just up the street from Disneyland) on August 1-6, 1993.

26) Where can I find MRI and CT scan volume data?

Volume data sets are available from the University of North Carolina at
omicron.cs.unc.edu (152.2.128.159) in /pub/softlab/CHVRTD.  (Commerical
use is prohibited.)

Head data - A 109-slice MRI data set of a human head.

Knee data - A 127-slice MRI data set of a human knee.

HIPIP data - The result of a quantum mechanical calculation of a SOD data
of a one-electron orbital of HIPIP, an iron protein.

SOD data - An electron density map of the active site of SOD (superoxide
dismutase). 

CT Cadaver Head data - A 113-slice MRI data set of a CT study of a cadaver
head. 

MR Brain data -  A 109-slice MRI data set of a head with skull partially
removed to reveal brain.

RNA data - An electron density map for Staphylococcus Aureus Ribonuclease.


27) Specific references on spatial data structures including quadtrees
	and octrees

H. Samet,
The Design and Analysis of Spatial Data Structures,
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990.
ISBN 0-201-50255-0.

H. Samet,
Applications of Spatial Data Structures:  Computer Graphics, Image Processing, a
nd GIS,
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990.
ISBN 0-201-50300-0.


28) Where can I get a program to plot XY(Z) data or f(x) data?

Gnuplot is a command-driven interactive data/function  plotting program.  It
runs on just about any machine, and is very flexible in terms of supported
output devices.  The official North American distribution site for the latest
version is dartmouth.edu in /pub/gnuplot.  More information is available from
the USENET newsgroup comp.graphics.gnuplot and its FAQ, graphics/gnuplot-faq.

ACE/gr (xmgr - Motif/xvgr - XView) is a data/function plotting tool for 
workstations or X-terminals using X.  Available from ftp.ccalmr.ogi.edu
in /CCALMR/pub/acegr.

robotx (Robot) is a general purpose plotting and data analysis program.
Requires XView, X-terminal or workstation.  Available from sunsite.unc.edu
in /pub/academic/data_analysis.

Xgraph is a popular two-dimensional plotting program that accepts data in a
form similar to the unix program graph and displays line graphs, scatter plots,
or bar charts on an X11 display.  Available from ic.berkeley.edu in /pub.

Drawplot is a program for drawing 2D plots on X10/X11 windows, SUNVIEW
displays, or HP2648 terminals. Available from xcf.berkeley.edu in /src/local.

29) Specific references on PEX and PHIGS

    PEXlib Programming Manual, Tom Gaskins, 1154 pages, O'Reilly & Associates,
	ISBN 1-56592-028-7

    PEXlib Reference Manual, edited by Steve Talbott, 577 pages, O'Reilly &
	Associates, ISBN 1-56592-029-5

    PHIGS Programming Manual, Tom Gaskins, 908 pages, O'Reilly & Associates,
	ISBN 0-93775-85-4 (softcover), ISBN 0-937175-92-7 (casebound)

    PHIGS Reference Manual, edited by Linda Kosko, 1099 pages, O'Reilly &
	Associates, ISBN 0-937175-91-9


30) SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project

The ACM SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project is a database of over 15,000
unique computer graphics and computational geometry references in BibTeX
format, available to the computer graphics community as a research and
educational resource.

The database is located at "siggraph.org".  Users may download the BibTeX
files via FTP and peruse them offline, or telnet to "siggraph.org" and log
in as "biblio" and interactively search the database for entries of interest,
by keyword.

Additions/corrections/suggestions may be directed to the admin,
"bibadmin@siggraph.org".
-- 
John T. Grieggs (Telos @ Jet Propulsion Laboratory)
4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, Ca. 91109 M/S 525-3660    (818) 306-6506
Uucp: {cit-vax,elroy,chas2}!jpl-devvax!grieggs
Arpa: ...jpl-devvax!grieggs@cit-vax.ARPA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38779
From: donc@cognos.com (Don Campbell)
Subject: AVI to FLC converter

I am looking for a small utility that will convert a Microsoft Video (AVI)
file to an Autodesk Animator Pro (FLC) file. Since AVIs also contain sound,
it would be nice if this utility also stored the sound track as a WAV or VOC
file. Currently I'm accomplishing this by saving the AVI as multiple DIBs
using Video for Windows, then converting each DIB to a GIF, then loading the
GIFs into Animator. For the sound, I load the original AVI into WavEdit and
save it as a seperate WAV file. This requires too many steps to be productive.

Any help will be GREATLY appreciated.

          Thanks
             Don

-- 
Don Campbell       internet:  donc@cognos.COM
                       uucp:  cognos!donc  
Cognos Inc.            mail: P.O. Box 9707, 3755 Riverside Drive, 
(613) 738-1440               Ottawa Ontario, Canada. K1G 3Z4

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38780
From: hawks@seq.uncwil.edu (David Hawks)
Subject: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

    I do not know if I am hitting the right news groups or not, any help in
the right direction is more than welcome.  I need help finding a company
that will take photographic images scanned in and modified by Adobe Photoshop
and turn them into thermal prints or negatives.  I am looking for a place
as close to North Carolina as possible.  The images will be created on
a Macintosh Quadra 800 running Adobe Photoshop and will then be stored in
whatever format the vendor requires, perhaps 88M cartridges?

    The images will be black and white photographs scanned in with a 1200 dpi
scanner then modified/corrected by Adobe Photoshop.  If anyone could help me
or even give me phone numbers to people who could I would be very grateful.

    Also if anyone else is doing what I am planning I would be happy to hear
from you with any advice you might provide as to the computer system you
use and/or any peripherals or software.  It seemed the Quadra 800 would be
my best bet to modify photographic images.  I am planning on buying a Quadra
800 with 32Megs of RAM, a 510Meg Hard Drive, a 1200 dpi scanner, 17" Sony 
monitor and a 88Meg cartridge drive and perhaps a CD ROM.  I am new to
computers and any advice would be great.

-- David at hawks@seq.uncwil.edu or hawks_dw@wl.corning.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38781
From: "Changyaw Wang" <wangc@cs.indiana.edu>
Subject: Need help to find out the address of several companies doing graphics.


1) Lucas film
2) Pixar
3) 3D/Eye Inc.
4) Light & Magic

Thanks,
-Changyaw
wangc@cs.indiana.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38782
From: dsg@ecrc.de (Douglas S. Greer)
Subject: Research Positions in 3D Graphics, Munich, Germany


EUROPEAN COMPUTER RESEARCH CENTRE

Research Positions in 3D Graphics

ECRC is currently expanding its research staff in three-dimensional
graphics. We are looking for highly qualified researchers with a PhD in
computer science and a proven ability to conduct highly innovative
research. Preference will be given to candidates who have strong
experience in developing and implementing algorithms for
three-dimensional graphics, visualization and user interaction. We
presently have positions available for both experienced researchers and
recent graduates.  Candidates with especially strong backgrounds may be
considered for positions as visiting scientists or for Ph.D. student
research positions.

The European Computer-Industry Research Centre is located in Munich,
Germany with English as the working language. The centre is funded by a
consortium of major computer companies, with a mission to pursue
research in fundamental areas of computer science. Active areas of
research include visualization and user interfaces, distributed
computing, parallelism, deductive systems and databases. The center
employs 45 researchers of 21 different nationalities.

The small but rapidly growing graphics group is currently investigating
new methods for three-dimensional human-computer interaction and the
integration of computer vision and computer graphics technology. The
center has extensive computing facilities which includes Sun
workstations, Apple Macintoshes, a well equipped graphics laboratory and
network access to super-computer facilities.

ECRC offers competitive salaries and excellent benefits. For immediate
consideration, send a written application with curriculum vitae,
telephone number, e-mail address, and references to: Douglas Greer, ECRC
GmbH, Arabellastrasse 17, D--8000 Munich 81, Germany


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38783
From: baer@qiclab.scn.rain.com (Ken Baer)
Subject: Re: WANTED: Playmation Info

In article <1993Apr22.205418.27411@osf.org> omar@godzilla.osf.org (Mark Marino) writes:
>Hi Folks,
>
>   Does anyone have a copy of Playmation they'd be willing to sell me.  I'd 
>love to try it out, but not for the retail $$$.

Playmation is available direct from Anjon & Associates for $299.  It's hard
to beat that price.  Also, you'd be better off with a newer version than
an older version that had bugs that have long since been clobbered.  

>
>   Thanks in advance,
>| Mark Marino              | omar@osf.org           |  uunet!osf!omar         |


-- 
 \_       -Ken Baer.  Programmer/Animator, Hash Enterprises
<[_]   Usenet: baer@qiclab.UUCP / AppleLink: KENBAER / Office: (206)573-9427
 =# \,  "We're not hitchhiking anymore, we're RIDING!" - Ren Hoak.   

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38784
From: kiki@PROBLEM_WITH_INEWS_GATEWAY_FILE (Keith Baccki)
Subject: Re: 48-bit graphics...

Wonko the Sane (oehler@yar.cs.wisc.edu) wrote:

: 	I was recently talking to a possible employer ( mine! :-) ) and he made a reference to a
: 48-bit graphics computer/image processing system.  I seem to remember it being called IMAGE or
: something akin to that.  Anyway, he claimed it had 48-bit color + a 12-bit alpha channel.  That's
: 60 bits of info--what could that possibly be for?  Specifically the 48-bit color?  That's 280
: trillion colors, many more than the human eye can resolve.  Is this an anti-aliasing thing?  Or
: is this just some magic number to make it work better with a certain processor.


	I'm pretty sure most industry strength image processing specific 
systems (i.e. photo processing gear) use as much as 96 bits of color info.
Why? Why not, oversampling is never a bad idea especially if the
hardware's only task is image manipulation, and profressional photographers
demand professional results.

: 	Also, to settle a bet with my roommate, what are SGI's flagship products?  I know of
: Iris, Indigo, and Crimson, but what are the other ones, and which is their top-of-the-line?
: (sadly, I have access to none of them.  Just a DEC 5000/25.  Sigh.)

	Strange question, but anyway, there's the VGX line, the newer
Indigo^2, and the Onyx systems are the new big boys on the block (you
can get a 24 processor system with twice the graphics performance of
a reality engine). There's more, but I don't have my handy "periodic 
table of sgi's" on me...


			Keith


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38785
From: davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com (David J. Ray)
Subject: Re: Hallusion info??

Sean Murphy (sean@aries.scs.uiuc.edu) wrote:
: Has anyone seen hallusions?  You can buy a poster of them and it looks like a simple dot pattern
: when you first look at it but if you focus behind it you see a 3d picture.  I'm looking for
: a program that generates these pictures.  There's a company in Texas that makes them but I 
: doubt if they're giving the program away.  Any help would be appreciated. 
: 
There is a program included with the book "Virtual Reality Playhouse" which
will let you generate these pictures.  It's not a very powerful program but
it does an acceptable job for experimentation purposes.

davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38786
From: cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk (Sunil Gupta)
Subject: MESSAGE: for cgcad@bart.inescn.pt

I cant get through to the author of rtrace. His site is inaccessible
can he upload the new version somewhere else please?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38787
From: edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
Subject: 2nd RFD for Open Telematic Group for RealTime Multimedia Online apps

                                 
                                
                                  RFD 
                          Request For Discussion                   
                                for the
                          OPEN  TELEMATIC GROUP
 
                                  OTG
 
 
 
 
I have proposed the forming of a consortium/task force for the promotion
of NAPLPS/JPEG, FIF to openly discuss ways, method, 
procedures,algorythms,
applications, implementation, extensions of NAPLPS/JPEG standards.
These standards should facilitate the creation of REAL_TIME Online
applications that make use of Voice, Video, Telecommuting, HiRes 
graphics,
Conferencing, Distant Learning, Online order entry, Fax,in addition
these dicussion would assist all to better understand how SGML,CALS,
ODA,MIME,OODBMS,JPEG,MPEG,FRACTALS,SQL,CDrom,cdromXA,Kodak PhotoCD,TCL,
V.FAST,EIA/TIA562,can best be incorporated and implemented to
develop TELEMATIC/Multimedia applications....
 
We want to be able to support DOS, UNIX, MAC, WINDOWS, NT, OS/2 
platforms.
It is our hope that individuals,developers, corporations, Universities,
R & D labs would join in in supporting such an endeavor.
 
This would be a NOT_FOR_PROFIT group with bylaws and charter. Already 
many
corporation have decided to support OTG (Open TELEMATIC Group) so do not 
delay joining if you are a developer
 
An RFD has been posted to form a usenet newsgroup and a FAQ will soon be 
be compose to start promulgating what is known on the subject.
If you would like to be added to the mailist send email or mail to
the address below. 
 
This group would publish an electronic quarterly NAPLPS/JPEG newsletter
as well as a hardcopy version.
We urge all who wants to see CMCs HiRes based applications
& the NAPLPS/JPEG G R O W,  decide to join and mutually benefit from 
this NOT-FOR_PROFIT endeavor.
 
NOTE: Telematic has been defined by Mr. James Martin as the marriage
      of Voice, Video, Hi-res Graphics, Fax, IVR, Music over telephone
      lines/LAN.
 
 
 
If you would like to get involve write to me at:
 
  
 
  IMG Inter-Multimedia Group| Internet:  epimntl@world.std.com 
  P.O. Box 95901            |            ed.pimentel@gisatl.fidonet.org 
  Atlanta, Georgia, US      | CIS     :  70611,3703           
                            | FidoNet :  1:133/407          
                            | BBS     :  +1-404-985-1198 zyxel 14.4k
  
To all that have responded we are trying to acknowledge as soon as
possible. We have really been inundated with org, corp, edu willing
to get involve.
It would be nice if upon responded you can state in what capacity
you are willing to get involve.


-- 
edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
gatech!kd4nc!vdbsan!willard!edimg
emory!uumind!willard!edimg
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38788
From: craig@hpuplca.nsr.hp.com (Craig Lamparter)
Subject: 3DS INV NORMAL ARRAY ???



Does anyone truely understand the "INVALID NORMAL ARRAY" error 3ds gives
you while rendering?  It seems to present itself while rendering
complicated images.  I have circumvented this problem by rendering at
the command line, however it would be nice to render inside the editor.
Is this a memory problem???  

Craig....




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38789
From: davidla@ecs.comm.mot.com (David Lau)
Subject: Format of GIF files?

Could anyone tell me the format of GIF files.  I would like to know how I 
could determine the size of the picture.  Also, are gif files in compressed
format?  How many bits store pixel color information?  

(This is probally a simple question, but I couldn't find it in the FAQ.)

email responses would be perferred

----------
David Lau
davidla@ecs.comm.mot.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38790
From: thssstb@iitmax.iit.edu (Stephen T Bacon)
Subject: RE: 48 bit graphics...


A good reason (which is why many companies use it) for 48 bits / pixel
is so you can use double buffering (for animating scenes) - i.e. you have
2 * 24-bit planes. You write to the one in the background, and then FLIP! 
-- the entire screen updates to the second image-plane. The screen updates 
in one refresh and you don't see different objects appearing in the order 
that they're drawn (as in the CAD/MacDraw effect). Now your ready to update 
the image that used to be in the foreground.

Steve. (thssstb@iitmax.iit.edu / iris.iit.edu)

About the SG product line: who can even keep track nowadays? Every co. seems
to (as their ads / press releases claim) redefine computing (etc. etc.) as
we know it with each new product. Progress and competition are great, but who
wants to invest in a system that's obsolete by the time it reaches your desk?
:-)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38791
From: rmalayte@moliere.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:
>I've been trying to figure out a way to get Adobe Illustrator
>to auto-trace >exactly< what I see on my screen. But it misses
>the edges of templates by as many as 6 pixels or more - resulting in images
>that are useless  - I need exact tracing, not approximate.
>
>I've tried adjusting the freehand tolerances as well as autotrace
>tolerances but it doesn't help. Any suggestions?
>

Buy Adobe Streamline.  Problem solved.


||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
||"College men get smashed and break something,           ||   --     ---   ||
|| College women get smashed and get broken."             ||    |\     |    ||
||       -Robin Wilson              ======================|| ------------\  ||
||        President,                ||Ryan P. Malayter    ||  | |   \  |  | ||
||        Chico State University    ||332 Stanford Hall   || ------------/  ||
||==================================||Notre Dame, IN 46556||    |     \|    ||
|| N.D. Dept. of Physics/Comp. Sci. ||>>>malayter@nd.edu<<||   ---     --   ||
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38792
From: tpehrson@slack.sim.es.com (tim clinkenpeel)
Subject: [PC] oak77 vga driver available via ftp?

a user on my bbs "accidentally" deleted his vga driver for his oak77 card and
has no backup.  i was wondering if someone knew of an ftp site (and path,
please!) where such a thing might be obtained.  thanks.

-- 
	       there is no religion when a man has  good curry
  call the Lizard's Den bbs (801) IT'S-YODA - usenet, nethack, XiX, pc/amiga
      tim clinkenpeel: aberrant analytical skeptical agnostic idealist.
		     -- i exclusively represent myself --

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38793
From: jesse@eye.com (Jesse Lackey)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <1rguqoINNrc@edna.cc.swin.edu.au> alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen) writes:
>I believe that the algorithms you can get that will only draw convex
>polygons can be much more efficient than those that can draw
>concave / self intersecting polygons. 
>This efficiency can largely be attributed to the fact that 
>simple convex polygons only have a left and a right edge on each scan line.
>Complex (figure 8 type polygons) can be a bit trickier.

It is true the convex algorithm is faster than a general concave/multi outline
algorithm, but not tremendously faster.  I spent awhile implementing and
optimizing both flavors, and the convex turned out about 10% faster.  This is
all C (on HP PA-RISC the compiler got the inner loop [shooting the span] as
fast as possible, as far as I could tell).  For any sort of game the database
to render is known ahead of time, and can be made all convex.  Definitely the
way to go.

p.s. sorry but my code CANNOT be made public domain....
	jesse
-- 
Jesse Lackey  **  3D/Eye, Inc., Ithaca NY  **  jesse@eye.com  **  (607) 257-1381

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38794
From: dgodden@st.nepean.uws.edu.au (Daniel Godden)
Subject: Fast Polygon Routines needed.

I am looking for some fast polygon routines (Shaded or Texture
Mapped) in ASM (compile with MASM) or in Turbo Pascal (compile with
TP6). It has to be able to run on a 286, but does not have to look
super fast on a 286, but must look good on a 386.  

If anyone has any such code could you please mail it to me. Or tell
me where it can be got. 

Thanks in advance.


--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Daniel Godden                                  #Genius is only one step away
University of Western Sydney,Nepean            #from InSaNiTy! 
AARNet/Internet:dgodden@st.nepean.usw.edu.au   #But me, I am already there!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38795
From: eric.vitiello@tfd.coplex.com (Eric Vitiello)
Subject: .GIF to .BMP

TO: saz@hook.corp.mot.com


SZ>Does anybody know of a program that converts .GIF files to .BMP files
SZ>and if so, where can I ftp it from?  Any help would be greatly
SZ>appreciated.

  Sure... A GREAT shareware  program is Graphic Workshop (the newest
  version is 6.1).  Although I don't know where you can ftp it from.  It
  also converts to about 15 other formats, and does MANY other things.

....r.c V.t.ell. .r...
---
 . DeLuxe./386 1.25 #959sa . My Address: eric.vitiello@tfd.coplex.com
                                                                                                                           

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38796
From: peter@gort.trl.OZ.AU (Peter K. Campbell)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout) writes:

>In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
>|> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
>|> 
>|> I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.
>|> 
>|> There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
>|> (After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
>|> setting to static - else the client core-dumped)
>|> 
>|> Steve
>|> -- 
>|> 
>|>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts

I've tried compiling it on several SPARCstations with gcc 2.22.  After
fixing up a few bugs (3 missing constant definitions plus a couple of
other things) I got it to compile & link, but after starting client
& server I just get a black window; sometimes the client core dumps,
sometimes the server, sometimes I get a broken pipe, sometimes it
just sits there doing nothing although I occassionally get the
cursor to become a cross-hair in dog-fight, but that's it.  I've
sent word to the author plus what I did to fix it last week, but
no reply as yet.

Peter K. Campbell
p.campbell@trl.oz.au

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38797
From: kshin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Kevin Shin)
Subject: Graph Traversal Algorithms

Hi, Everyone.
I am  currently planning to write a program that traverses the
image of handwritten characters in ascii format and produces
circle and line representation of handwritten characters.
Did anybody out there has any experiences on this problem?
If you have would you post or e-mail to please
kevin

Does anyone has program that traverse the digital image and produces
circle and line
-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
KEVIN SHIN   kshin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38798
From: dfr@usna.navy.mil (PROF D. Rogers (EAS FAC))
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <C5r9BM.2LH@mach1.wlu.ca> mart4678@mach1.wlu.ca (Phil Martin u) writes:
!Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
!: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
!: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
!: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
!: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
!: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
!: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
!: Just curious.
!
!Yes. I also like knowing where to go to ask a question without getting
!hell for putting it in the wrong newsgroup.

I am also against splitting the group. The traffic will decrease
on any given subject but the required net bandwidth will INCREASE
because of multiply cross-postings.

I just went through this with another group I continuously read.
It is now almost at the point where it is no longer worth reading.

Strongly suggest NOT doing this.

Dave Rogers

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38799
From: exjob-17@dali.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Niclas Mattsson)
Subject: WANTED: Grayscale dithering routine

I have some color gifs which I would like to archive in a much smaller
size using a grayscale palette of 16 shades. The quantization to 16 grays
introduces some ugly bands in the pictures, which can be nicely eliminated
by dithering. Up to now I have used XV to process the images, but now I
would like to automate the procedure.

The problem is that XV can't (I think) convert images automatically, and the
obvious alternative PNMPLUS (PPMQUANT and PNMDITHER) don't even get close to
XV's quality. PNMDITHER apparently dithers in RGB, even though the images
are in grayscale. The dithering routine in XV seems to use the natural image
colors for the dither. Is this or any similar routine available in the
public domain? If so, where?  
-- 
Niclas Mattsson
exjob-17@math.chalmers.se

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38800
From: daruwala@slinky.ims (Raoul-Sam Daruwala)
Subject: VRrend386, where is it kept?

I'm told that VRrend386 is available on the internet. I wanted to know where it is.

Thanks in advance.

Raoul

daruwala@cs.nyu.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38801
From: gord@jericho.uucp (Gord Wait S-MOS Systems Vancouver Design Center)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

The 68070 is made by someone other than Motorola (Signetics perhaps),
and was (if memory serves me correctly) a 68000 compatible single chip
micro type chip. IE built in extra toys like serial ports, ram
interfaces etc. So, laugh all you want, but there is such a critter!
-- 
Gord Wait 	SMOS Systems Vancouver Design Centre
uunet!jericho!gord
gord%jericho@uunet.uu.net
or even some days

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38803
From: mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon)
Subject: Re: MGR NAPLPS & GUI BBS Frontends

>Hi all,
>I am looking into methods I can use to turn my Linux based BBS into a full color
>Graphical BBS that supports PC, Mac, Linux, and Amiga callers. 
>Originally I was inspired by the NAPLPS graphics standard (a summary of 
>which hit this group about 2 weeks ago). 

I posted that document (forgot part 1/6 etc) but it was more than a summary,
it was a complete technical description of the protocol. It can be ftped
from simtel or from wuarchive.wustl.edu in mirrors/msdos/naplps

>Following up on software availability of NAPLPS supporting software I find
>that most terminal programs are commercial the only resonable shareware one being
>PP3 which runs soley on MSDOS machines leaving Mac and Amiga users to buy full
>commercial software if they want to try out the BBS (I know I wouldn't)
>
>Next most interesting possibility is to port MGR to PC, Mac, Amiga. I

Why not write a NAPLPS decoder for your choice of platform and release the
code to the net? Then other willing souls can help port it to other platforms.
NAPLPS was designed for this type of online interactive graphics much the
same as X, but while X is intended for high-bandwidth network connections,
NAPLPS was optimized for low bandwidth modem connections.
>
>Is there a color version of MGR for Linux? 
>
>Does anyone have any other suggestions for a Linux based GUI BBS ?

I'm sure you will receive other suggestions but look at it this way. If you
wanted to provide a full network connection to Linux over a modem would you
use SLIP/PPP or would you invent some new way? Most people would say that
SLIP/PPP exist and are reasonably well designed protocols, so lets just
implement them. I see it the same way with NAPLPS. It is an existing, well
thought out, extensible protocol for online graphics, so why not implement
it.

If you need any advice on implementation, just e-mail me. I am currently
getting a beta version of my CorelDraw to NAPLPS converter working well
enough to release it by May 15. If you or someone else does not get going
on a freely available NAPLPS decoder, then I intend to do it after I get
a my conversion program out of beta, and get a couple of other things done.

-- 
Michael Dillon                 Internet: mpdillon@halcyon.halcyon.com
C-4 Powerhouse                  Fidonet: 1:353/350
RR #2 Armstrong, BC  V0E 1B0      Voice: +1-604-546-8022
Canada                              BBS: +1-604-546-2705

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38804
From: cesws@cc.newcastle.edu.au
Subject: patches for SUNGKS4.1 ?




Due to a number of bugs in GKS4.1 under SUNOS 4.1.3, I installed
patches 100533-15 and 100755-01. Patch 100533-15 appears to
work fine and has fixed a number of problems. Patch 100755-01,
however, which is required to fix a number of other annoying
bugs, breaks with our applications.

Is there a more recent revision of patch 10075?

Any other ideas?

Scott Sloan                      email   cesws@cc.newcastle.edu.au
University of Newcastle          fax     +61 49 216991
NSW
Australia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38805
From: weilej@cary115.its.rpi.edu (Jason Lee Weiler)
Subject: Re: need a viewer for gl files

In article <1qu36i$kh7@dux.dundee.ac.uk>, dwestner@cardhu.mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Dominik Westner) writes:
|> Hi, 
|> 
|> the subject says it all. Is there a PD viewer for gl files (for X)?
|> 
|> Thanks
|> 
|> 
|> Dominik
|> 

Dominik,

	Have you tried xgrasp?  It's out there on several ftp sites.(not sure which, but archie can find it, I'm sure.)  It works ok but it lacks an interface.

-Jason Weiler
<weilej@rpi.edu>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38806
From: matt-dah@dsv.su.se (Mattias Dahlberg)
Subject: Re: Psygnosis CD-I titles (was Re: Rumours about 3DO ???)

Mark Samson (samson@prlhp1.prl.philips.co.uk) wrote:

> Speaking of Psygnosis, they have licensed games to Philips Interative
> Media International for CD-I.

And for the Commodore CDTV.

--
=========================================================
=  Regards  =  email:              =  1280x512x262000+  = 
=  Mattias  =  matt-dah@dsv.su.se  =  I love it.        =
=========================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38807
Subject: Front end for POVRay
From: Tomasz.Piatek@comp.vuw.ac.nz (Tomasz Piatek)

G'day all!

Does anyone know anything about front end for POVRay (X11 version)?
I mean are there things like user friendly modeller for POVRay, or any
modellers which will let me design a scene and produce a file which POVRay
can then read?
Cheers,
Tomek

+------------------------------------------------------+
|  /\      tm                                          |
| /--\TOMEK     tpiatek@comp.vuw.ac.nz <-- New Zealand |
+------------------------------------------------------+

-- 
+------------------------------------------------------+
|  /\      tm                                          |
| /--\TOMEK     tpiatek@comp.vuw.ac.nz <-- New Zealand |
+------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38808
From: ing1023@ee.up.ac.za (ING1023)
Subject: Vatican library



 The Vatican library recently made a tour of the US.
 Can anyone help me in finding a FTP site where this collection is 
 available.

 Thanx in advance
 J. Watson

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38809
From: malek@pi.titech.ac.jp (Zidouri Abdelmalek 03/95)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

>>>>> On Wed, 21 Apr 1993 08:29:03 GMT, se92psh@brunel.ac.uk (Peter Hauke) said:

Peter> joachim lous (joachim@kih.no) wrote:

Peter> : > Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

Peter> Yep, here's a theory that I once heard bandied around.  Rather than thinking
Peter> of the number think of the sound. For Tea Two. A sort of anagram on Tea For Two,
Peter> Two for Tea, For Tea Two.
                    ~~~~~~~~~~~ 
Un other suggestion is there is no Tea above! It just 
And For Two many things are possible; think binary, + -, Y/N,
L/R, T/F  No wonder there was Eve for Adam! 

Peter> :-)
 
Malek :-) :-)

--
 Malek.
 
 "We cooperate in what we agree on, and forgive each other for that
  in which we disagree." Hassan El Banna.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38810
From: asecchia@cs.uct.ac.za (Adrian Secchia)
Subject: Raytracing Colours?

I have a question about recursive, backward raytracing.

When an incident ray (I) strikes an object at point P, first
the normal (N) is calculated. Light rays are calculated (L1 to Ln 
where n is the number of light sources) - these being the light
rays that do not intersect with anything. The reflected ray (R) and
the transmitted ray (T) is calculated from the formulae.

Calling the routine recursively on R and T will return the colours 
along the rays (R and T) as rCol and tCol. Each object has its own
colour oCol and each light source has liCol (1 <= i <= n).

The question is: 
  How do you combine rCol, tCol, oCol and all the liCol's to get
  the correct resulting colour to return along the I ray?

All colours are defined as strucures (records) having r, g, b components
between 0 and 1.

If anyone has done this before could you give me a few hints?

--
Adrian Secchia

asecchia@cs.uct.ac.za

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38811
From: doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons)
Subject: Re: 48-bit graphics...


Apollo (now HP) have a graphics board that does 80-bit graphics.  When I 
heard that, I jumped.  The answer isn't that it can do 100 trillion-trillion-
trillion colors.  It actually does 10 planes of 8-bits (or 5 planes of 16
bits, etc.)  for very fast graphics.

douginoz.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38812
From: jussi@tor.abo.fi (Jussi Laaksonen DC)
Subject: Lasergraphics Language ?

Hi!

We have an old Montage FR-1 35mm film recorder. When connected to a PC with
its processor card it can directly take HPGL, Targa and Lasergraphics Language
files. 24 bit Targa is quite OK for raster images, but conversion from 
whatever one happens to have can be quite slow. This Lasergraphics Language
seems to be (got the source file for one test image) a vector-based language
that can handle one million colors. It does some polygons too, and perhaps
something else ?

The question is, where can I find some information about this language ?
A FTP site, a book, a company address,.... ?

(OK, it would be nice to have a Windows driver for it, but I'm not THAT
optimistic...)

Thanks in advance for any help!

	jussi


--
	Jussi Laaksonen
        Computing Centre / ]bo Akademi University,  Finland


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38813
From: bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Florian Bockamp)
Subject: Matrox PG-1281 CV Windows driver



Hi!

I need a Windows 3.1 driver for the Matrox PG-1281 CV
SVGA card. 
At the moment Windows runs only in the 640x480 mode.
If you have a driver for this card, please send it 
with the OEMSETUP.INF to 

bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE

Thanks!

-- 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Florian Bockamp                                  '''            |
| bockamp@informatik.tu-muenchen.de               (o o)           |
+---------------------------------------------oOO--( )--OOo-------+
|                                                   -             |
|         "It's not a bug, it's an undocumented feature!"         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38814
From: dfr@usna.navy.mil (PROF D. Rogers (EAS FAC))
Subject: Re: Help needed on hidden line removal

In article <raynor.735415408@beech.cs.scarolina.edu> raynor@cs.scarolina.edu (Harold Brian Raynor) writes:
>
>I am looking for some information of hidden line removal using Roberts
>algorithm.  Something with code, or pseudo code would be especially
>helpful.
>
>I am required to do this for a class, due Monday (we have very little
>time to implement these changes, it is a VERY FAST paced class).  The
>notes given in class leave a LOT to be desired, so I would vastly
>appreciate any help.
>
>Actually any algorithm would be nice (Roberts or no).  The main problem
>is two objects intersecting in x and y dimensions, need to know which
>lines to clip off so that one object will appear in front of another.
>
>If you can give me an ftp address and filename, or even the name of a
>good book, I'd REALLY appreciate it.

G'day Brian,

I'll be blunt about this. The ONLY reasonable explanation of Roberts
algorithm is in

Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics
Rogers
McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1985

Go to the library and look at this.

There is also a somewhat muddled explanation in the first edition
of Newman and Sproull.

The algorithm described in PECG runs in near linear time.

Luck,

Dave Rogers

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38815
From: rickt@sapphire.zed.com (Rickey Thomas Tom)
Subject: wanted, how to do a screen dump of a VGA screen

	How can one dump to the printer, the content of a VGA screen. If it were
a text screen, we can execute a shift printscr. but with graphics, we have
to do a pixed by pixel print. It would be greatly appreciated if someone can
supply source code for this. Alternately, are there commercial or shareware
programs that are available to do this. I must be able to shell out of my 
program to execute this print screen.  Therefore, it would be prefferable to have source code.

Thank you in advance

-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rickey Tom                       | Internet Style: aruba!rickt@uu2.psi.com
Programmer/Analyst Project ZE    | UUCP          : ...!uunet!uupsi2!aruba!rickt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38816
From: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk (R Hawkes)
Subject: 3DS: Where did all the texture rules go?

Hi,

I've noticed that if you only save a model (with all your mapping planes
positioned carefully) to a .3DS file that when you reload it after restarting
3DS, they are given a default position and orientation.  But if you save
to a .PRJ file their positions/orientation are preserved.  Does anyone
know why this information is not stored in the .3DS file?  Nothing is
explicitly said in the manual about saving texture rules in the .PRJ file. 
I'd like to be able to read the texture rule information, does anyone have 
the format for the .PRJ file?

Is the .CEL file format available from somewhere?

Rych

======================================================================
Rycharde Hawkes				email: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk
Virtual Environment Laboratory
Dept. of Psychology			Tel  : +44 31 650 3426
Univ. of Edinburgh			Fax  : +44 31 667 0150
======================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38817
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL


In article <1r1rsiINNld@zephyr.grace.cri.nz>, srlnjal@grace.cri.nz writes:

>Does anyone know of software that will allow
>you to convert CorelDraw (.CDR) files
>containing bitmaps to SCODAL, as this is the
>only format our bureau's filmrecorder recognises.

Corel Draw will do it; version 2 onwards. If you have version 1 perhaps an
upgrade is in order.

Another alternative would be to use a different bureau that can take PostScript.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38818
From: raj@phys.ksu.edu (S. Raj Chaudhury)
Subject: Re: Needed: Plotting package that does...

In <C5qGF5.K2I@alta-oh.com> chris@zeus.alta-oh.com (Chris Murphy) writes:

>In article <FULL_GL.93Apr18005752@dolphin.pts.mot.com>, full_gl@pts.mot.com (Glen Fullmer) writes:
>|> Looking for a graphics/CAD/or-whatever package on a X-Unix box that will
>|> take a file with records like:

>Hi,
>  See Roger Grywalski's response to :

>Re: Help on network visualization

>in comp.graphics.visualization.

Could someone please post Roger Grywalski's response?  Or point me to where
I could find it?

Thanks a lot,


S. Raj Chaudhury			|
Dept. of Physics    			|  raj@phys.ksu.edu
Kansas State University			|
Manhattan, KS 66506			|
--
S. Raj Chaudhury			|
Dept. of Physics    			|  raj@phys.ksu.edu
Kansas State University			|
Manhattan, KS 66506			|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38819
From: s127@ii.uib.no (Torgeir Veimo)
Subject: C++ classes for graphics

I'm planning on writing several classes to build a raytracing/radiosity library
on top of, and i'm wondering if anythink like this is freely available on the
net before i go to it. What i need is classes like rays, vectors, colors,
shaders, surfaces, media, primitives, worlds (containing primitives) and
views/images.

Please post or mail.
-- 
Torgeir Veimo

Studying at the University of Bergen

"...I'm gona wave my freak flag high!" (Jimi Hendrix)

"...and it would be okay on any other day!" (The Police)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38820
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: XV problems


In article <1r1iv3$cba@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana) writes:

>Recent discussion about XV's problems were held in some newsgroup.
>Here is some text users of XV might find interesting.

>(I have also minor ideas for 24bit XV, e-mail me for them.)

[Deleted for space; basically complaints that xv is an 8 bit program and that
making several modifications to the RGB sliders is slow because of screen updates.]

In reverse order:

1) Try clicking in the auto-apply box to switch it off. Then make your mods. Then
click on apply. There is no problem as stated; it has already been solved if you
look carefully.

2) Yes XV is an 8 bit program. This is not a bug. You can edit individual pallette
entries or do global colour changes; crop, scale etc. Clearly the program must
save out the *altered* image else all your work would be thrown away. So yes it
saves out 8 bit images - of course!

XV can import 24 bit images and quantises them down to 8 bits. This is a handy
facility, not a bug.

How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How would you group
'related' colours to edit them together? Only global changes could be done
unless the software were very different and much more complicated.

If you want to do colour editing on a 24 bit image, you need much more powerfull
software - which is readily available commercially.

And lastly, JPEG is a compression algorithm. It can be applied to any image of
arbitrary bit depth. Again, this is not a bug. It is a way of saving disk space
;-)

Later,

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38821
From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: Re: Vatican library

Reposted by request ... these images are great, but they are also LARGE
(1500x1500 pixels is a typical size).  Be warned.

			regards, tom lane

-------------
From: rsquires@cyclops.eece.unm.edu (Roger Squires)
Newsgroups: comp.archives
Subject: [rec.arts.books] Vatican Library Exhibit at Library of Congress ONLINE
Date: 14 Feb 1993 22:02:59 GMT
X-Original-Newsgroups: rec.arts.books
X-Original-Date: 1 Feb 1993 03:09:17 GMT

Archive-name: auto/rec.arts.books/Vatican-Library-Exhibit-at-Library-of-Congress-ONLINE


This is from another newsgroup; looks quite interesting...
rms


                           ANNOUNCING
                              a new
                         ONLINE EXHIBIT
                              from
                     THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS



     ROME REBORN: THE VATICAN LIBRARY & RENAISSANCE CULTURE

                        an Exhibit at the
                       Library of Congress
                      Washington, DC  20540

                 Available by anonymous FTP from
                          seq1.loc.gov
                         (140.147.3.12)

                      /pub/vatican.exhibit



ROME REBORN:  THE VATICAN LIBRARY AND RENAISSANCE CULTURE
presents some 200 of the Vatican Library's most precious
manuscripts, books, and maps--many of which played a key role in
the humanist recovery of the classical heritage of Greece and
Rome.  The exhibition presents the untold story of the Vatican
Library as the intellectual driving force behind the emergence of
Rome as a political and scholarly superpower during the
Renaissance.  The exhibit will be on display in the Jefferson
Building of the Library of Congress from January 8, 1993 through
April 30, 1993.  The online exhibit will be available by
anonymous FTP indefinitely.

     The exhibit is divided into nine (9) sections:  The Vatican
Library, Archaeology, Humanism, Mathematics, Music, Medicine &
Biology, Nature Described, A Wider World I: How the Orient Came
to Rome, and A Wider World II: How Rome Went to China.  Each
section consists of its own sub-directory within the /exhibit
directory and contains the exhibit text for that section and
separate JPEG image files for each object.  This online exhibit
includes not only objects from the Library of Congress exhibit,
but also the alternate objects (brought from Rome to be used if
there were a problem with one of the primary objects) and items
omitted later in the planning process.

     This exhibit will be of interest to Medieval and Renaissance
scholars in particular, but also to art historians, historians of
science or medicine, early music scholars, students of the
humanist movement, students of printing and the printed word,
theologians, scholars of both Far and Near Eastern studies, and
to librarians and information professionals.  Please get the
README file for details on what files this exhibit contains.  If
you have questions about how to use FTP, speak to your local
computer support person.  If you have questions or comments about
the CONTENT of the exhibit, please write to vatican@kell.loc.gov
while if you have any questions or comments on the SYSTEM please
contact me.

-- K.D. Ellis

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
   K.D. Ellis
   Special Projects Office
   Library of Congress
   Washington, DC  20540-9100
   Internet:  kell@seq1.loc.gov

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38822
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: CorelDraw BITMAP to SCODAL (2)


In article <1r4gmgINN8fm@zephyr.grace.cri.nz>, srlnjal@grace.cri.nz writes:

>Yes I am aware CorelDraw exports in SCODAL.
>Version 2 did it quite well, apart from a
>few hassles with radial fills. Version 3 RevB
>is better but if you try to export in SCODAL
>with a bitmap image included in the drawing
>it will say something like "cannot export
>SCODAL with bitmap"- at least it does on my
>version.

Oh. OK then, sorry for misunderstanding.

> If anyone out there knows a way around this
>I am all ears.
> Temporal images make a product called Filmpak
>which converts Autocad plots to SCODAL, postscript
>to SCODAL and now GIF to SCODAL but it costs $650
>and I was just wondering if there was anything out
>there that just did the bitmap to SCODAL part a tad
>cheaper.

Maybee you should persuade your burea that for only $650 they can become much
more competitive, taking input from Autocad, PostScript andGif as well as
SCODL... 

Seriously, this sounds like something the bureau should have. Or find another
bureau. You should not be the one buting this software.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38823
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?


In article <C5w8xB.Iv6@world.std.com>, wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael) writes:

>    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
>    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
>    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac.

Corel Draw 4 will be able to do this as it will include the Photopaint stuff that 
the PC version got with version 3. Don't hold your breath though.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk  
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38824
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: 48-bit graphics...


In article <1993Apr24.201117.26232@cs.wisc.edu>, oehler@yar.cs.wisc.edu (Wonko
the Sane) writes:

>	I was recently talking to a possible employer ( mine! :-) ) and he made a
>reference to a 48-bit graphics computer/image processing system.  I seem to
>remember it being called IMAGE or something akin to that.  Anyway, he claimed
>it had 48-bit color + a 12-bit alpha channel.  That's 60 bits of info--what
>could that possibly be for?  Specifically the 48-bit color?  That's 280
>trillion colors, many more than the human eye can resolve.  Is this an
>anti-aliasing thing?  Or is this just some magic number to make it work better
>with a certain processor.

Well 48 bit colour *could* be for improved resolution but 16 bits per channel
seems like a bit excessive. I have seen a paper that quoted 10 bits per channel
of 12 bits for computational precision. More than that would seem to be wasted.

Perhaps the frame buffer uses another colourspace which needs more bits to
represent the full range - RGB is a cube so it is a compact encoding.

Most likely however is that there are two separate 24 bit (8 bits per component)
frame buffers. This set up, called double buffering, allows a complex 3d picture
to be built up on one buffer while the other buffer (containing the previous
frame) is displayed. This makes for smoother animation.

>(sadly, I have access to none of them.  Just a DEC 5000/25.  Sigh.)

Well hey if you want to brag about numbers, the 5000 range can take a PXG Turbo+
card with 96 bits per pixel. Full double buffering (Two 24 bit buffers), a 24
bit Z buffer and an extra 24 bit buffer for off screen image storage.

Mind you the card costs more than your workstation.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38826
From: Jennifer Lynn Urso <ju23+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

>    Also if anyone else is doing what I am planning I would be happy to hear
>from you with any advice you might provide as to the computer system you
>use and/or any peripherals or software.  It seemed the Quadra 800 would be
>my best bet to modify photographic images.  I am planning on buying a Quadra
>800 with 32Megs of RAM, a 510Meg Hard Drive, a 1200 dpi scanner, 17" Sony 
>monitor and a 88Meg cartridge drive and perhaps a CD ROM.  I am new to
>computers and any advice would be great.
 
well, i have lots of experience with scanning in images and altering
them.  as for changing them back into negatives, is that really possible?
scanning and altering is no big deal. i don't know what types of
features you have in your version of photoshop.  but the one i use
(which, incidentally is on a quadra) has gallery effects and all types
of other neato stuff.
i'm just wondering why you would want to put your images back into
negatives, because once you print the image out-that's your print.
do you know what exactly your aim is in all of this?  like, are you
doing this just for fun, for a business, to gain more computer
knowledge, for a project you're working on....
otherwise, i guess i don't know if i'd be helping or not by posting info
on scanning and stuff.
ok?  cool.
seeya

jennifer urso:  the oh-so bitter woman of utter blahness(but cheerful
undertones)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38827
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer


In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:

>I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
>images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
>graphics board running X11.

Utah raster toolkit using getx11. Convert your sun raster files (presumably) to 
ppm with the pbm+ toolkit then convert ppm to utah rle format with ppmtorle which
is provided in the toolkit.

I seem to remember that Xloadimage can do 24 bit servers too.

Possibly xwud the x window un-dump program can display 24 bit images; certainly
xwd can grab them.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk  
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38829
From: jhpark@cs.utexas.edu (Jihun Park)
Subject: POVray : tga -> rle

Hello,
I have some problem in converting tga file(generated by POVray) to
rle file. When I convert, I do not get any warning message. But
if I use xloadimage/getx11, something is wrong.

Error messages are,
% targatorle -o o.rle data.tga
% xloadimage o.rle
o.rle is a 0x0 24 bit RLE image with no map (will dither to 8 bits), with gamma of 1.00
  Dithering image...done
  Building XImage...done
xloadimage: X Error: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation) on 0x0
xloadimage: X Error: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) on 0xb00003
......

I know that I need to install ppmtorle and tgatoppm, but I do not spend
time to install them. Even I do not want to generate .rgb from POVray
and then convert them to rle, if possible.(.rgb to rle works, but
it will mess up my directory with so many files, and it needs 2 more
steps to finally convert to rle file. say cat | rawtorle | rleflip )
Does any body out there have same experience/problems ?

Thanks in advance,
---
J. Park

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38830
From: baer@qiclab.scn.rain.com (Ken Baer)
Subject: Re: WANTED: Playmation Info

In article <1993Apr26.173254.12871@qiclab.scn.rain.com> baer@qiclab.scn.rain.com (Ken Baer) writes:
>In article <1993Apr22.205418.27411@osf.org> omar@godzilla.osf.org (Mark Marino) writes:
>>Hi Folks,
>>
>>   Does anyone have a copy of Playmation they'd be willing to sell me.  I'd 
>>love to try it out, but not for the retail $$$.
>
>Playmation is available direct from Anjon & Associates for $299.  

Oops, forgot the phone number.  It's 1-800-377-8287.




-- 
 \_       -Ken Baer.  Programmer/Animator, Hash Enterprises
<[_]   Usenet: baer@qiclab.UUCP / AppleLink: KENBAER / Office: (206)573-9427
 =# \,  "We're not hitchhiking anymore, we're RIDING!" - Ren Hoak.   

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38831
From: <JIANGY@QUCDN.QueensU.CA>
Subject: Please Help: Point in concave Polyhedra

Dear Netters:


I am looking for C source code to test if a 3D point lies within a

concave polyhadra. I have read a few articles about this and know

that two solutions exist: parity counting and angle sumation. Both


ideas are pretty simple but coding is not. So I wonder if there exists

public domain source code for this.

    Another 'rough' solition (don't care special cases) is ray-casting

which is reported to be more or less independent of number of faces

consisting the polyhedra if a special space indexing is used
(M. Tamminen, et. al., 1984. "Ray-casting and block model conversion
using a spatial index". Computer-Aided-Designs. 4, 1984, 60-65).
But the prerequirement is that all the facets of polyhedra have their
normal pointing outside of polyhedra. How this could be done in practice ?
I have a set of trangles consisting the polyhedra. How could I ensure their
normals pointing outside the polyhedra ? The paper mentioned above assumed
this is already the case.


   I have also read some standard computer graphics textbook about hidden
line removal. It says "if we make the rule that the normal of a facet pointing

toward viewer standing far away from the polyhedra...". Again how to make
sure ?


   Any pointers are welcome ?


   Yaohong Jiang
   Queen's University
   Kingston, Ont.

   Jiangy@qucdn.queensu.ca

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38832
From: "kwansik kim" <kkim@cs.indiana.edu>
Subject: Triangulized Data Wanted : with texture to be mapped.

I need triangulized data of some nice looking model with some
texture mapping. It would be better if the parametric values
of each vertex( for the surface before triangulized ) are
avaliable along with the Euclidean points so that we
could use them for texture mapping.

Thanks, Kwansik




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38833
From: "kwansik kim" <kkim@cs.indiana.edu>
Subject: Where is FAQ ?

Where can I find it ?

Thanks, Kwansik


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38834
From: zlg1409@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Zhenhai Li )
Subject: What is the difference between Raytracing and rendering?


Hello, I've raytraced and rendered and the only difference I've found 
is that raytracing takes a hell of a lot longer. Am I missing
something?

Later,
Z.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38835
From: mek@hydrox.enet.dec.com (Mark Klamerus)
Subject: re: TIFF complexity


	Anyone who thinks that TIFF is too complex hasn't dealt with
	CGM, ASN.1, CDA, DCA, SGML, or any one of a number of other
	very successful file format.  People seem perfectly capable
	dealing with these others.  Dealing with the format of TIFF
	is frankly less difficult than dealing with the DCT, LZW, and
	FAX encoding of the image data.  The majority of the libraries
	which deal with TIFF are dedicated to these other issues rather
	than with simply decoding the tags and parameters.

	Perhaps people are overwhelmed in comparison with some rather
	simpleminded formats such as GIF, PCX, and BMP, but to suggest
	that TIFF is so complex as to be doomed to failure is ludicrous.

	That doesn't mean that GIF isn't fine, but don't even thing about
	using it in many instances.  GIF is very nice for use in low-end
	photos applications and for screen grabs and such, but it would
	never do for high-volume or high-resolution systems.  FAX is nice,
	but it doesn't do color (and GIF doesn't do B&W all that well).
	JPEG is nice for high-resolution color, but is slow for low-end.

	The advantage TIFF brings to the table is its ability to handle
	all these situations (and then some).  Naturally it's more complex.
	But I'ld rather propose TIFF imaging solutions over imaging
	systems based on having to deal with 3-4 file formats anyday.

	You may find that TIFF is too complicated for your personal tastes
	but please don't wrail against it's complexity.  The complexity
	it contains is required to provide the functionality it does and
	doesn't come close to the complexity found in most commercially
	viable file formats.


	If we're in philosophical arguments against complexity, let's all
	go program in scheme and forth and do imaging with run length
	encoding.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38836
Subject: DXF to PCX,GIF,TIF or TGA?
From: murashiea@mail.beckman.com (Ed Murashie)

Does anyone know of a program for the PC that
will take AutoCad DXF format files and convert
them to a raster format, like PCX, GIF, etc?
Thanks in advance....
				ED

------------------
Ed Murashie                     US Mail :  Beckman Instruments Inc.
phone: (714) 993-8895                      Diagnostic System Group 
fax:   (714) 961-3759                      200 S. Kraemer Blvd  W-361
Internet: murashiea@mail.beckman.com       Brea, Ca 92621  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38837
From: matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu (Eliza Strickler)
Subject: I donwloaded a .bin file from a unix machine - now what?

I just donwloaded a *.bin file from a unix machine which is
supposed to be converted to a MAC format. Does anyone know 
what I need to do to this file to get it into any Dos, Mac
or Unix readable format. Someone mentioned fetch on the unix
machine - is this correct? Could someone explain the .bin
format a little?

Thanks,

Elizabeth
-- 


\|/--_   -_-      ----           ###         _- ----------------------
-0    -_-   --       -__ %~- ____#0        _-   Elizabeth Strickler
|\     ^                 0\~     /\   /\  -     
|_(___/ \_    ||_________/     _/  |_/  \_      matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38838
From: push@world.std.com (Warren Liu)
Subject: Help 3D Studio IPAS.



Hi. Can anyone please give me some ftp sites to get IPAS processes for
3D Studio 2.0?
Thanks.
+Warren =8^)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38839
From: gotsman@csa.technion.ac.il (Craig Gotsman)
Subject: Computer Graphics studies at the Technion

     Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
         Department of Computer Science

       GRADUATE STUDIES IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS

Applications are invited for graduate students wishing
to specialize in computer graphics and related fields.
Active research is being conducted in the fields of
image rendering, geometric modelling and computer animation.
State of the art graphics workstations (Sun, Silicon Graphics)
and video equipment are available.
The Technion offers full scholarship support (tuition and 
assistantships) for suitable candidates.

For more information contact

Dr. Craig Gotsman
Computer Science Deptartment 
Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
Haifa 32000, Israel
gotsman@cs.technion.ac.il



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38840
From: boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert)
Subject: .DWG/.GCD/3DD Formats Reference Needed

Can some kind soul point me to references for the above formats?

Thanks,

Earl


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38841
From: boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert)
Subject: Any Autodesk 3D Concepts Users Out There?

If you are a user of Autodesk 3D Concepts, and are willing to answer
a small number of short questions, then please send me Email.

Earl (boebert@sctc.com)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38842
From: hollasch@kpc.com (Steve Hollasch)
Subject: Re: Raytracing Colours?

asecchia@cs.uct.ac.za (Adrian Secchia) writes:
| When an incident ray (I) strikes an object at point P ...  The reflected
| ray (R) and the transmitted ray (T) is calculated from the formulae.
| 
| Calling the routine recursively on R and T will return the colours 
| along the rays (R and T) as rCol and tCol. Each object has its own
| colour oCol and each light source has liCol (1 <= i <= n).
| 
| The question is: 
|   How do you combine rCol, tCol, oCol and all the liCol's to get
|   the correct resulting colour to return along the I ray?

    First of all (this is NOT a snide response), if you're confused about
this issue, you will stumble over a lot of other things as well.  I suggest
that the weakness is your reference material.  Get "An Introduction to Ray
Tracing" by Andrew Glassner for very good coverage of the raytracing
algorithm.  You could also refer to the 2nd edition of Foley & Van Dam.

    On to the question.  The simple answer is that you just keep adding up
all the contributions and then clamping at the maximum intensity.  For
example, if your intensity values range from 0.0 to 1.0, then keep adding up
and clamp the resultant values to 1.0 (you might have to clamp the lower
bound to 0.0 if you have dark bulbs, but that's another issue =^).  So, you
get some illumination equation like this:

        I = Lambient + Ldiffuse(light[n]) + Lreflected + Ltransparent

    The contribution due to reflection is just summed with the light
intensity, as is the light due to transparency.  Now, a slightly less
hand-waving illumination equation is this:

        I = KaLa + KdLd(light[n]) + KrLr + KtLt

    That is, each component of the illumination equation is governed by the
material constants Ka, Kd, Kr and Kt.  So the maximum you can get from
transparency for a given object, for example, might be [0.4, 0.1, 0.5] for a
purple-colored glass object.

    Hopefully this answers your question.  I'll forward my "illumination
equation sermon" to you also.

______________________________________________________________________________
Steve Hollasch                                   Kubota Pacific Computer, Inc.
hollasch@kpc.com                                 Santa Clara, California

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38843
From: hollasch@kpc.com (Steve Hollasch)
Subject: Re: What is the difference between Raytracing and rendering?

zlg1409@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Zhenhai Li ) writes:
| Hello, I've raytraced and rendered and the only difference I've found 
| is that raytracing takes a hell of a lot longer. Am I missing something?

    Yes.  There are many methods of rendering, raytracing is one of them.
You didn't say what you mean by rendering, so I won't guess.  Methods of
rendering include:

        o  Pencil and graph paper, doing the math by hand

        o  Wireframe rendering of the 2D projection

        o  Hidden line rendering

        o  Scanline rendering using:
            - Painter's algorithm.
            - BSP trees.
            - Z buffer
            - Other

        o  Raytracing

        o  Radiosity

        o  Holographic projection to film

        o  Combination of any of the above

______________________________________________________________________________
Steve Hollasch                                   Kubota Pacific Computer, Inc.
hollasch@kpc.com                                 Santa Clara, California

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38844
Subject: DNA Helix
From: tlynch@nermal.santarosa.edu (Tim Lynch)

Looking for a TIFF/EPS of a DNA Helix.  E-mail any auggestions, please.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38845
From: niko@iastate.edu (Nikolaus E Schuessler)
Subject: Re: I donwloaded a .bin file from a unix machine - now what?

In article <matess.735934793@gsusgi1.gsu.edu> matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu (Eliza Strickler) writes:
>I just donwloaded a *.bin file from a unix machine which is
>supposed to be converted to a MAC format. Does anyone know 
>what I need to do to this file to get it into any Dos, Mac
>or Unix readable format. Someone mentioned fetch on the unix
>machine - is this correct? Could someone explain the .bin
>format a little?
>

This is almost certainly a MacBinary file which is an encoded version
of a mac file so the Resource fork and Data fork get preserved.
You need a program that converts this to a regular file. If this is a
macbinary file, you may have downloaded it in Text mode and is probably
corrupt (if you did). If you're using FTP to transfer it at any point make sure
you type "binary" first.

If you can open the file with a text editor and find
(This file must be converted with Bin....
at the top, it is a BinHex file and can be decoded with
BinHex 4.0 (among other programs).

-- 
Niko Schuessler               
Project Vincent Systems Manager              email: niko@iastate.edu
Iowa State University Computation Center     voice: (515) 294-1672
Ames IA 50011                                snail: 291 Durham 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38846
From: edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed Pimentel)
Subject: RFD: comp.multimedia.open-telematic

                                  RFD
                          Request For Discussion
                                for the
                          OPEN  TELEMATIC GROUP

                                  OTG

I have proposed the forming of a consortium/task force for the
promotion of NAPLPS/JPEG, FIF to openly discuss ways, method,
procedures,algorythms, applications, implementation, extensions of
NAPLPS/JPEG standards.  These standards should facilitate the creation
of REAL_TIME Online applications that make use of Voice, Video,
Telecommuting, HiRes graphics, Conferencing, Distant Learning, Online
order entry, Fax,in addition these dicussion would assist all to
better understand how SGML, CALS, ODA, MIME, OODBMS, JPEG, MPEG,
FRACTALS, SQL, CDrom, cdromXA, Kodak PhotoCD, TCL, V.FAST, and
EIA/TIA562, can best be incorporated and implemented to develop
TELEMATIC/Multimedia applications.

We want to be able to support DOS, UNIX, MAC, WINDOWS, NT, OS/2
platforms.  It is our hope that individuals, developers, corporations,
Universities, R & D labs would join in in supporting such an endeavor.

This would be a NOT_FOR_PROFIT group with bylaws and charter. Already
many corporations have decided to support OTG (Open TELEMATIC Group) so
do not delay joining if you are a developer

An RFD has been posted to form a usenet newsgroup and a FAQ will soon
be be composed to start promulgating what is known on the subject.  If
you would like to be added to the maillist send email or mail to the
address below.

This group would publish an electronic quarterly NAPLPS/JPEG
newsletter as well as a hardcopy version.  We urge all who wants to
see CMCs HiRes based applications & the NAPLPS/JPEG G R O W, decide to
join and mutually benefit from this NOT-FOR_PROFIT endeavor.

NOTE: Telematic has been defined by Mr. James Martin as the marriage
      of Voice, Video, Hi-res Graphics, Fax, IVR, Music over telephone
      lines/LAN.

If you would like to get involve write to me at:

  IMG Inter-Multimedia Group| Internet:  epimntl@world.std.com
  P.O. Box 95901            |            ed.pimentel@gisatl.fidonet.org
  Atlanta, Georgia, US      | CIS     :  70611,3703
                            | FidoNet :  1:133/407
                            | BBS     :  +1-404-985-1198 zyxel 14.4k
-- 
edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
gatech!kd4nc!vdbsan!willard!edimg
emory!uumind!willard!edimg
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38847
From: deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud)
Subject: WANTED: 24 bit viewer

Hello,

Thanks to the people who helped me with the problem of
displaying 24 bit images. All the viewers like xli,
xloadimage and display are converting the 24 bit images
to 8 bit before display them on the screen.

What I really want is a viewer with make use of the 24 bit
frame/screen buffer (in our case, the Parallax one).

Thanks in advance.

Gilles

PS:  We are using a Sun Sparc running X11.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38848
From: stein@watson.ibm.com (Arthur Stein)
Subject: Scientific Visualization of Chemical Systems

molecules has evolved from an esoteric academic subject into
a  international  industry. Computer  graphics has played  a
decisive role in this transformation by allowing chemists to
build, visualize and interact with complex geometrical objects.
 
While computer scientists are conversant in the language of their
own discipline, they are often unfamiliar with the terminology,
simulation techniques and practical needs of research chemists.
Similarly, chemists are often unfamiliar with the latest paradigms
and technological advances in graphical computing.
 
This interdisciplinary course is intended to bridge the gap
between computer science and chemistry and to equip chemistry
researchers who wish to be more than just casual users of
prepackaged graphics software. Although this is not intended to
be a course in computational chemistry or drug design, data sets
from chemical research problems will be used in lab and students
will be encouraged to bring data sets of their own. Lab exercises
and projects will be carried out using data-flow programming
(IBM Visualization Data Explorer software) and students will have
access to Cornell Theory Center computing resources, including video
recording equipment.
 
Audience:  researchers and students in the chemical and biological
           sciences interested in integrating state-of-the-art
           computer graphics into their research; computer scientists
           wishing to gain familiarity with a major application of
           scientific visualization.
 
           The class size will be limited to 25 participants on a
           first-come first-served basis.
 
Level:     Graduate/advanced undergraduate, 1 or 2 Credits. May be taken
           without credit as a workshop. Calculus, linear algebra
           and introductory chemistry required. Familiarity with Unix,
           X-windows and C is useful but not required.
 
Date:   June 14-25, 1993  (2 Credits)
        June 14-18, 1993  (1 or 0 credits)
 
Time:   Mon-Fri 9:00 am to 12:00 pm and 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm
 
Cost:   0 or 1 credit       $410
        2 credits           $820
 
Format
 
The course will be held in the Theory Center training facility
where computer workstations will be available.  Daily lectures will be
interspersed with laboratory exercises and ample time will be provided
for project enablement and familiarization with the new computing
environment. Students enrolled for one credit will be graded on the basis
of their laboratory exercises and short final project. Those enrolled
for a second credit will receive more advanced lectures, be given
more time for project development and meet daily to share experience
and discuss problems encountered.
 
Content (may vary)
 
    Elements of computer graphics
         polygonal rendering, lighting models, ray tracing, volumetric
         rendering, stereo graphics, animation, introduction to data-flow
         programming (DX), interactivity.
 
    Representing the atom
         size, time and energy scales
         basic classical and quantum mechanics
 
    Important categories of molecules
         small molecules, biopolymers, surfaces and catalysts,
         miscellaneous current applications
 
    Data formats and conversions
 
    Advanced molecular graphics techniques
 
    Types of simulation and experiment
         electronic structure, molecular dynamics/mechanics
         electrostatics, X-ray crystallography, NMR, quantum
         dynamics and spectroscopy.
 
Instructors
 
The course will be taught by two instructors. Topics related to computer
graphics will be handled by Dr. Bruce Land, Project Leader of Visualization,
Cornell National Supercomputing Facility. Chemistry-specific aspects
of the course will be handled by Dr. Richard E. Gillilan, Visualization
Specialist and Research Scientist, Cornell National Supercomputing Facility
 
TO REGISTER:  mail completed form to
 
              Cornell University
              School of Continuing Education
              and Summer Sessions
              B20 Day Hall
              Ithaca, NY 14853-2801
 
Questions:  Richard Gillilan (607) 254-8757
            richard@tc.cornell.edu
 
IMPORTANT: Acceptance will be first-come, first-served and based
           on a target class size of 15 full-credit and 10 single
           or non-credit participants.
 
DEADLINE:   May 20, 1993
 
 
----------------------- Application Form ----------------------
 
         Scientific Visualization of Chemical Systems
 
            Chemistry 782    Computer Science 718
 
U.S. Social Security number (if available) _____ - ___ - _______
 
Cornell ID number (if available) ________________
 
Name: _______________________________________________________________
         Last            First         Middle        Suffix (Jr, etc)
 
Address: _____________________________________________________________
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
 
Home Address (where grades will be mailed):
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
Local Phone ________________   Home Phone _______________
 
 
Academic Discipline _____________________________
 
 
Course number (check one):   __ Chemistry  __ Computer Science
 
Credits:       __.__
 
Status:     __ Undergraduate Student   __ Smart Node Consultant
            __ Graduate Student        __ Smart Node Advisor
            __ Post-Doctoral
            __ Faculty                 __ Other (explain) _______________
 
Corporate Commercial
 
            __ Research Staff          __ Other (explain) ______________
 
Name of Firm ___________________________________________________________
 
Indicate which of the following best describes you (optional):
 
  __ African American  __ Alaskan Native     __ Asian American
  __ Caucasian         __ Hispanic American  __ Native American
 
List special needs (e.g. mobility impaired): ____________________________
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Accommodations:
 
Blocks of rooms are available at the Sheraton. Reservations
must be made no later than May 17. Be sure to tell them you
are here for the "Cornell Theory Center Visualization Workshop".
 
    Sheraton Inn
         One Sheraton Drive, Ithaca
         (607) 257-2000
         FAX: 607-257-398
         Rates starting at $64.00
 
Other local motels (Make your reservation early! Our
workshop coincides with other Cornell events)
 
Econo Lodge
        Cayuga Mall 2303 N. Triphammer Rd. Ithaca
        (607) 257-1400
        (800) 466-6900
        FAX: (607) 257-6359
        Rates from $35.10 (ask for the Cornell Rate)
 
 
Dorm rooms have also been reserved participants
(both credit and non-credit). Participants who
are interested in dorm rooms should call (below)
for registration information:
 
Jeanne Miller (607) 254-8813 or Donna Smith (607) 254-8614
email: jeanne@tc.cornell.edu or donna@tc.cornell.edu
 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38849
From: Andrey V. Shorin <tolsty@nsk.uucp.free.msk.su>
Subject: Analysis on text readins utils (OCR) wanted (IBM PC)

	From tolsty Thu Apr 23 21:32:35 1992
	To: newsserv@newcom.kiae.su
	Newsgroups: comp.periphs,comp.graphics.digest,comp.graphics,comp.binaries.ibm.pc.wanted,alt.graphics.pixutils,bit.listserv.omrscan
	Message-Id: <KAJ3nzfm0W@nsk.uucp.free.msk.su>
	Organization: NSK RAN
	From: Andrey V. Shorin <tolsty@nsk.uucp.free.msk.su>
	Date: Thu, 23 Apr 1992 21:32:35 +0200
	Subject: Analysis on text reading utils needed (IBM PC)
	Distribution: msk
	
	Hi!
	Does anybody know any reliable utils to read english texts with scanner?
	I want some analysis on quality of recognition, because I want to read
	texts which I get by fax ( you know -- quality on faxes is rather bad ).
	The scanner I have is B&W and 300dpi. But if there exist any good software
	that needs other specifications, that will be OK.
	
	Please, send messages to my E-mail or on conference server, I'll summarize
	them and consider your recomendations.
	
	THANK YOU!!!
	--
	   Andrey V. Shorin
	 
	   Scientific Council on Complex Problem "Cybernetics",
	   Russian Academy of Sciences
	 
	   E-mail:       tolsty@nsk.uucp.free.msk.su
	   Tel/fax:      (095) 129-0797
	


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38850
From: pdenize@waikato.ac.nz
Subject: Cross, Sobel & Roberts Filters ?


I saw an imaging program some time ago on an Amiga that had
Cross, Sobel and Roberts filters for edge detection. 

Can anybody direct me to these algorithms.

Paul Denize

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paul Denize                                Internet: PDenize@Waikato.ac.nz
Department of Computer Science
University of Waikato                         phone: ++64 7 8562-889
Hamilton                                                          Ext 8743
NEW ZEALAND                                   fax  : ++64 7 8560-135
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38851
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (27 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 1/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part1
Last-modified: 1993/04/27


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 1/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 27 April 1993

Many FAQs, including this Listing, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing the keyword "help" (without
quotes!) in the message body.

You can see in many other places for this Listing. See the item:

0. Places to find the Resource Listing

for more information.

Items Changed:
--------------

RE-ARRANGED the subjects, in order to fir better in the 63K/article limit.
I PLAN ON CHANGING HEADERS SOON, SO BE CAREFUL! ONLY THE "Resource Listing"
keys are sure to remain in the Subject: line!

3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
9. Plotting packages

[ I'm thinking of making this post bi-weekly. What do you think??? ]

--------------

Lines which got changed, have the `#' character in front of them.
Added lines are prepended with a `+'
Removed lines are just removed. Use 'diff' to locate these changes.

========================================================================

This text is (C)Copyright 1992, 1993 of Nikolaos C. Fotis. You can copy
freely this file, provided you keep this copyright notice intact.

Compiled by Nikolaos (Nick) C. Fotis, e-mail: nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Please contact me for updates,corrections, etc.

Disclaimer: I do not guarantee the accuracy of this document.
Use it at your own risk.

========================================================================

This is mainly a guide for computer graphics software.
I would suggest reading the Comp. Graphics FAQ for image analysis stuff.

It's entitled: 
 (date) comp.graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

 John T. Grieggs <grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov> is the poster of the
 official comp.graphics FAQ

I have included my comments within braces '[' and ']'.

Nikolaos Fotis

========================================================================

Contents of the Resource Listing
================================

PART1:
------
0. Places to find the Resource Listing
1. ARCHIE
2. Notes
3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists.
6.  3D graphics editors
   a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
   b. Commercial systems
7. Scene description languages
8. Solids description formats

PART2:
------

9. Plotting packages
10. Image analysis software - Image processing and display

PART3:
------
11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data.
13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
   a. Ray tracing
   b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
   c. Others
15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
   a. Teapot ?
   b. Space Shuttle ?
16. Image annotation software
17. Scientific visualization stuff
18. Molecular visualization stuff
19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)

Future additions:
[Please send me updates/info!]

========================================================================

0. Places to find the Resource Listing
======================================

This file is crossposted to comp.graphics, comp.answers and news.answers,
so if you can't locate it in comp.graphics, you're advised to search in
comp.answers or news.answers
(The latter groups usually are archived in your site. Contact your sysadmin
for more info).

These 3 articles are posted to comp.graphics 3-4 times a month and are kept in
many places (see below)

--

Many FAQs, including this one, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing: help in the Subject: field

--

The inria-graphlib mail server mirrors this posting (see under the
Subject 4: Mail servers )

--

The Resource Listing is accesible through WAIS in the machine
enuxva.eas.asu.edu (port 8000) under the name graphics-resources-list.
It's got a digest-type line before every numbered item for purposes of
indexing.

--

Another place that monitors the Listing is the MaasInfo files.
For more info contact Robert E. Maas <rem@btr.com>

--

Yet another place to search for FAQs in general is the SWITCH
(Swiss Academic and Research Network) system in Switzerland:

interactive:
  telnet nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40], login as "info". Move to the
  info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings directory. Search in the
  00index file by typing "/" and the word to look for.
  You may then just read the FAQ in the "faqs" directory, or decide
  to fetch it by one of the following methods.

ftp:
  login to nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40] as user anonymous and
  enter your internet-style address after being prompted for a
  password.

	cd info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings

mail:
  send e-mail to

RFC-822:
   archive-server@nic.switch.ch
X.400:
  /S=archive-server/OU=nic/O=switch/PRMD=switch/ADMD=arcom/C=ch/

Enter 'help' in the bodypart to receive instructions. No information
is required in the subject header line.


1. ARCHIE
=========

The Archie is a service system to locate FTP places for
requested files. It's appreciated that you will use Archie
before asking help in the newsgroups.

Archie servers:
  archie.au or 139.130.4.6             (Aussie/NZ)
  archie.funet.fi or 128.214.6.100  (Finland/Eur.)
  archie.th-darmstadt.de or 130.83.128.111  (GER.)
  cs.huji.ac.il or 132.65.6.5             (Israel)
  archie.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp or 130.54.20.1 (JAPAN)
  archie.sogang.ac.kr or 163.239.1.11      (Korea)
  archie.ncu.edu.tw or telnet 140.115.19.24  (TWN)
  archie.doc.ic.ac.uk or 146.169.3.7  (UK/Ireland)
  archie.sura.net or 128.167.254.179    (USA [MD])
  archie.unl.edu (password: archie1)    (USA [NE])
  archie.ans.net or 147.225.1.2         (USA [NY])
  archie.rutgers.edu or 128.6.18.15     (USA [NJ])
  archie.nz or 130.195.9.4           (New Zealand)

Connect to Archie server with telnet and type "archie" as username.
To get help type 'help'.
You can get 'xarchie' or 'archie', which are clients that call Archie
without the burden of a telnet session.
'Xarchie' is on the X11.R5 contrib tape, and 'archie' on comp.sources.misc,
vol. 27.

To get information on how to use Archie via e-mail, send mail with
subject "help" to "archie" account at any of above sites.

(Note to Janet/PSS users -- the United Kingdom archie site is
accessible on the Janet host doc.ic.ac.uk [000005102000].
Connect to it and specify "archie" as the host name and "archie" as
the username.)

==========================================================================

2. Notes
========
(Excerpted from the FAQ article)

Please do *not* post or mail messages saying "I can't FTP, could
someone mail this to me?"  There are a number of automated mail servers
that will send you things like this in response to a message.

There are a number of sites that archive the Usenet sources newsgroups
and make them available via an email query system.  You send a message
to an automated server saying something like "send comp.sources.unix/fbm",
and a few hours or days later you get the file in the mail.

==========================================================================

3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
==================================================

Computer graphics related FTP sites (and maintainers), 22/04/93
	compiled by Eric Haines, erich@eye.com
	and Nick Fotis, nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Ray-tracers:
------------

RayShade - a great ray tracer for workstations on up, also for PC, Mac & Amiga.
PoV - son and successor to DKB trace, written by Compuservers.
	(For more questions call Drew Wells --
	73767.1244@compuserve.com or Dave Buck -- david_buck@carleton.ca)
ART - ray tracer with a good range of surface types, part of VORT package.
DKBtrace - another good ray tracer, from all reports; PCs, Mac II,
	Amiga, UNIX, VMS (last two with X11 previewer), etc.
RTrace - Portugese ray tracer, does bicubic patches, CSG, 3D text, etc. etc.
	An MS-DOS version for use with DJGPP DOS extender (GO32) exists also,
	as a Mac port.
VIVID2 - A shareware raytracer for PCs - binary only (286/287).  Author:
	Stephen Coy (coy@ssc-vax.boeing.com).  The 386/387 (no source) version
	is available to registered users (US$50) direct from the author.
RAY4 - Steve Hollasch's 4-dimensional ray tracer - renders hyperspheres,
	hypertetrahedra, hyperplanes, and hyperparallelepipeds (there's
	a separate real-time wireframe viewer written in GL called WIRE4 ) .
MTV,QRT,DBW - yet more ray tracers, some with interesting features.

Distributed/Parallel Raytracers:
--------------------------------

XDART - A distributed ray-tracer that runs under X11. There are server binaries
	which work only on DECstations, SPARCs, HP Snakes (7x0 series) and NeXT.
	The clients are distributed as binaries and C source.
Inetray - A network version of Rayshade 4.0.  Needs Sun RPC 4.0 or newer.
	Contact Andreas Thurnherr (ant@ips.id.ethz.ch)
prt, VM_pRAY - parallel ray tracers.

Volume renderers:
-----------------

VREND - Cornell's Volume Renderer, from Kartch/Devine/Caffey/Warren (FORTRAN).

Radiosity (and diffuse lighting) renderers:
-------------------------------------------

Radiance - a ray tracer w/radiosity effects, by Greg Ward.  Excellent shading
	models and physically based lighting simulation.  Unix/X based, though
	has been ported to the Amiga and the PC (386).
INDIA - An Indian radiosity package based on Radiance.
SGI_RAD - An interactive radiosity package that runs on SGI machines with a
	Spaceball. It includes a house database.
	Author: Guy Moreillon <moreillo@ligsg1.epfl.ch>
RAD - a simple public-domain radiosity package in C. The solution can be run
	stand-alone on any Unix box, but the walk-through requires a SGI 4D.
	Author: Bernard Kwok <g-kwok@cs.yorku.ca>

Renderers which are not raytracers, and graphics libraries:
-----------------------------------------------------------

SIPP - Scan line z-buffer and Phong shading renderer.
	Now uses the shadow buffer algorithm.
Tcl-SIPP - a Tcl command interface to the SIPP rendering
	program. Tcl-SIPP is a set of Tcl commands used to programmed
	SIPP without having to write and compile C code.
	Commands are used to specify surfaces, objects,
	scenes and rendering options.
	It renders either in PPM format or in Utah Raster Toolkit RLE format
	or to the photo widget in the Tk-based X11 applications.

VOGLE - graphics learning environment (device portable).
VOGL - an SGI GL-like library based on VOGLE.
REND386 - A *fast* polygon renderer for Intel 386s and up. Version 2 on up.
	[ It's not photorealistic, but rather a real-time renderer]
XSHARP21 - Dr. Dobb's Journal PC renderer source code, with budget texture
	mapping.

Modellers, wireframe viewers:
-----------------------------

VISION-3D - Mac modeler, can output Radiance & Rayshade files.
IRIT - A CSG solid modeler, with support for freeform surfaces.
X3D - A wireframe viewer for X11.
3DV - 3-D wireframe graphics toolkit, with C source, 3dv objects, other stuff
	Look at major PC archives like wuarchive. One such file is 3DKIT1.ZIP
PV3D - a shareware front end modeler for POVRAY, still in beta test.
  French docs for now, price for registering 250 French Francs. Save disabled.
  Some extra utilities, DXF files for the registered version.

Geometric viewers:
------------------

SALEM - A GL-based package from Dobkin et al. for exploring mathematical
	structures.
GEOMVIEW - A GL-based package for looking and interactively manipulating
3D objects, from Geometry Center at Minnesota.
XYZ GeoBench -(eXperimental geometrY Zurich) is a workbench for geometric
	computation for Macintosh computers.
WIRE4 - GL wireframe previewer for Steve Hollasch's RAY4 (see above)

Data Formats and Data Sets for Ray Tracing:
-------------------------------------------

SPD - a set of procedural databases for testing ray tracers.
NFF - simplistic file format used by SPD.
OFF - another file format.
P3D - a lispy file format.
TDDD - Imagine (3D modeler) format, has converters for RayShade, NFF, OFF, etc.
	Also includes a nice postscript object displayer.  Some GREAT models.
TTDDDLIB - converts to/from TDDD/TTDDD, OFF, NFF, Rayshade 4.0, Imagine,
	and vort 3d objects. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric
	views in Postscript. Registered users get a TeX PK font converter and
	a superquadric surfaces generator.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>
	[Note : TTDDDLIB is also known as T3DLIB]
CHVRTD - Chapel Hill Volume Rendering Test Datasets, includes volume sets for
	two heads, a brain, a knee, electron density maps for RNA and others.

Written Material on Rendering:
------------------------------

RT News - collections of articles on ray tracing.
RT bib - references to articles on ray tracing in "refer" format.
Rad bib - references to articles on radiosity (global illumination).
Speer RT bib - Rick Speer's cross-referenced RT bib, in postscript.
RT abstracts - collection by Tom Wilson of abstracts of many RT articles.
Paper bank project - various technical papers in electronic form.  Contact
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>
Online Bibliography Project :
        The ACM SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project is a database of 
        over 15,000 unique computer graphics and computational geometry
        references in BibTeX format, available to the computer graphics
        community as a research and educational resource.

        The database is located at "siggraph.org".  Users may download 
        the BibTeX files via FTP and peruse them offline, or telnet to
        "siggraph.org" and log in as "biblio" and interactively search
        the database for entries of interest, by keyword.
        For the people without Internet access, there's also an e-mail
        server. Send mail to

        archive-server@siggraph.org

        and in the subject or the body of the message include the message  send
        followed by the topic and subtopic you wish. A good place to start is
        with the command
             send index
        which will give you an up-to-date list of available information.

        Additions/corrections/suggestions may be directed to the admin,
        "bibadmin@siggraph.org".

Image Manipulation Libraries:
-----------------------------

Utah Raster Toolkit - nice image manipulation tools.
PBMPLUS - a great package for image conversion and manipulation.
LIBTIFF - library for reading/writing TIFF images.
ImageMagick - X11 package for display and interactive manipulation
	of images.  Uses its own format (MIFF), and includes some converters.
xv - X-based image display, manipulation, and format converter.
xloadimage, xli - displays various formats on an X11 screen.
Khoros - a huge, excellent system for image processing, with a visual
	programming interface and much much more.  Uses X windows.
FBM - another set of image manipulation tools, somewhat old now.
Img - image manipulation, displays on X11 screen, a bit old now.
xflick - Plays .FLI animation under X11
XAnim - plays any resolution FLI along with GIF's(including GIF89a animation
	extensions), DL's and Amiga IFF animations(3,5,J,l) and IFF
	pictures(including HAM,EHB and color cycling)
SDSC - SDSC Image Tools package (San Diego Supercomputing Center)
	for image manipulation and conversion
CLRpaint - A 24-bit paint program for SGI 24bit workstations and 8bit Indigos.

Libraries with code for graphics:
---------------------------------

Graphics Gems I,II,III - code from the ever so useful books.
spline-patch.tar.Z - spline patch ray intersection routines by Sean Graves
kaleido - Computation and 3D Display of Uniform Polyhedra. Mirrored in
	wuarchive. This package computes (and displays) the metrical
	properties of 75 polyhedra. Author: Dr. Zvi Har'El,
	e-mail: rl@gauss.technion.ac.il

(*) means site is an "official" distributor, so is most up to date.


NORTH AMERICA (please look for things on your own continent first...):
-------------

wuarchive.wustl.edu [128.252.135.4]:  /graphics/graphics - get CONTENTS file
	for a roadmap.  /graphics/graphics/objects/TDDD - *the TTDDD objects
	and converters*, /mirrors/unix-c/graphics - Rayshade ray tracer, MTV
	ray tracer, Vort ray tracer, FBM, PBMPLUS, popi, Utah raster toolkit.
	/mirrors/msdos/graphics - DKB ray tracer, FLI RayTracker demos.
	/pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*, /graphics/graphics/radiosity - Radiance
	and Indian radiosity package.  /msdos/ddjmag/ddj9209.zip - version 21
	of Xsharp, with fast texture mapping.  There's lots more, including
	bibs, Graphics Gems I & II code, OFF, RTN, Radiance, NFF, SIPP, spline
	patch intersection routines, textbook errata, source code from Roy
	Hall's book "Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery", etc
	graphics/graphics/packages/kaleido - *kaleido*
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

princeton.edu [128.112.128.1]:  /pub/Graphics (note capital "G") - *Rayshade
	4.0 ray tracer (and separate 387 executable)*, *color quantization
	code*, *SPD*, *RT News*, *Wilson's RT abstracts*, "RT bib*, *Utah
	Raster Toolkit*, newer FBM, *Graphics Gems I, II & III code*.
	/pub/graphics directory - *SALEM* and other stuff.
	Craig Kolb <cek@princeton.edu>
	[replaces weedeater.math.yale.edu - note the capital "G" in
	pub/Graphics] Because there's a trouble with princeton's incoming
	area, you can upload Rayshade-specific stuff to
	weedeater.math.yale.edu [128.36.23.17]

alfred.ccs.carleton.ca [134.117.1.1]:  /pub/dkbtrace - *DKB ray tracer*,
	/pub/pov-ray/POV-Ray1.0 - *PVRay Compuserve group ray tracer (or PoV)*.
	David Buck <david_buck@carleton.ca>

avalon.chinalake.navy.mil [129.131.31.11]:  3D objects (multiple formats),
	utilities, file format documents.
	This site was created to be a 3D object "repository" for the net.
	Francisco X DeJesus <dejesus@archimedes.chinalake.navy.mil>

omicron.cs.unc.edu [152.2.128.159]:  pub/softlab/CHVRTD - Chapel Hill
	Volume Rendering Test Datasets.

ftp.mv.com [192.80.84.1]: - Official DDJ FTP repository.
	*XSHARP*

peipa.essex.ac.uk [155.245.115.161]: the Pilot European Image Processing
	Archive; in a directory ipa/synth or something like that, there are
	image synthesis packages.
	Adrian Clarke <alien@essex.ac.uk>

barkley.berkeley.edu [128.32.142.237] : tcl/extensions/tsipp3.0b.tar.Z -
	*Tcl-SIPP*
	Mark Diekhans <markd@grizzly.com or markd@NeoSoft.com>

acs.cps.msu.edu [35.8.56.90]: pub/sass - *X window fonts converter into
	Rayshade 3.0 polygons*, Rayshade animation tool(s).
	Ron Sass <sass@cps.msu.edu>

hobbes.lbl.gov [128.3.12.38]: *Radiance* ray trace/radiosity package.
	Greg Ward <gjward@lbl.gov>

geom.umn.edu [128.101.25.31] : pub/geomview - *GEOMVIEW*
	Contact (for GEOMVIEW): software@geom.umn.edu

ftp.arc.umn.edu [137.66.130.11] : pub/gvl.tar.Z - the latest version of Bob,
	Icol and Raz.  Source, a manual, man pages, and binaries for
	IRIX 4.0.5 are included (Bob is a real time volume renderer)
	pub/  contains also many volume datasets.
	Ken Chin-Purcell <ken@ahpcrc.umn.edu>

ftp.kpc.com [144.52.120.9] : /pub/graphics/holl91 - Steve Hollasch's
	Thesis, /pub/graphics/ray4 - *RAY4*, /pub/graphics/wire4 - *WIRE4*.
	/pub/mirror/avalon - mirror of avalon's 3D objects repository.
	Steve Hollasch <hollasch@kpc.com>

swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] : programs/hollasch-4d - RAY4,
	SGI Explorer modules and Postscript manual, etc.

zamenhof.cs.rice.edu [128.42.1.75] : pub/graphics.formats - Various electronic
	documents about many object and image formats.
	Mark Hall <foo@cs.rice.edu>
	will apparently no longer be maintaining it, see ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

rascal.ics.utexas.edu [128.83.144.1]:  /misc/mac/inqueue - VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade and Radiance files.

ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50] :  misc/file.formats/graphics.formats -
	contains various image- and object-format descriptions.  Many SciVi
	tools in various directories, e.g.  SGI/Alpha-shape/Alvis-1.0.tar.Z -
	3D alpha-shape visualizer (SGI machines only),
	SGI/Polyview3.0/polyview.Z - interactive visualization and analysis of
	3D geometrical structures.
	Quincey Koziol <koziol@ncsa.uiuc.edu>

tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1] : /iraf - the IRAF astronomy package

ftp.ipl.rpi.edu [128.113.14.50]:  sigma/erich - SPD images and Haines thesis
	images.  pub/images - various 24 and 8 bit image stills and sequences.
	Kevin Martin <sigma@ipl.rpi.edu>

ftp.psc.edu [128.182.66.148]:  pub/p3d - p3d_2_0.tar P3D lispy scene
	language & renderers.  Joel Welling <welling@seurat.psc.edu>

ftp.ee.lbl.gov [128.3.254.68]: *pbmplus.tar.Z*, RayShade data files.
	Jef Poskanzer <jef@ace.ee.lbl.gov>

george.lbl.gov [128.3.196.93]: pub/ccs-lib/ccs.tar.Z - *CCS (Complex
	Conversion System), a standard software interface for image processing*

hanauma.stanford.edu [36.51.0.16]: /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics - best of
	comp.graphics (very extensive), ray-tracers - DBW, MTV, QRT, and more.
	Joe Dellinger <joe@hanauma.stanford.edu>

ftp.uu.net [192.48.96.2]:  /graphics - *IRIT*, RT News back issues (not
	complete), NURBS models, other graphics related material.
	/graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v?.tar.Z - Independent JPEG Group package for
	reading and writing JPEG files.

freebie.engin.umich.edu [141.212.68.23]:  *Utah Raster Toolkit*,
	Spencer Thomas <thomas@eecs.umich.edu>

export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] : /contrib - pbmplus, Image Magick, xloadimage,
	xli, xv, Img, lots more.  /pub/R5untarred/mit/demos/gpc - NCGA Graphics
	Performance Characterization (GPC) Suite.

life.pawl.rpi.edu [128.113.10.2]: /pub/ray - *Kyriazis stochastic Ray Tracer*.
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

cs.utah.edu [128.110.4.21]: /pub - Utah raster toolkit, *NURBS databases*.
	Jamie Painter <jamie@cs.utah.edu>

gatekeeper.dec.com [16.1.0.2]:  /pub/DEC/off.tar.Z - *OFF models*,
	Also GPC Benchmark files (planned, but not checked).
	Randi Rost <rost@kpc.com>

hubcap.clemson.edu [130.127.8.1]:  /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine - stuff for the
	Amiga Imagine & Turbo Silver ray tracers.  /pub/amiga/TTDDDLIB -
	*TTDDDLIB* /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine/objects - MANY objects.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>

pprg.eece.unm.edu [129.24.24.10]:  /pub/khoros - *Khoros image processing
	package (huge, but great)*.
	Danielle Argiro <danielle@bullwinkle.unm.edu>

expo.lcs.mit.edu [18.30.0.212]:  contrib - *PBMPLUS portable bitmap package*,
	*poskbitmaptars bitmap collection*, *Raveling Img*, xloadimage.  Jef
	Poskanzer <jef@well.sf.ca.us>

venera.isi.edu [128.9.0.32]:  */pub/Img.tar.z and img.tar.z - some image
	manipulation*, /pub/images - RGB separation photos.
	Paul Raveling <raveling@venera.isi.edu>

ucsd.edu [128.54.16.1]:  /graphics - utah rle toolkit, pbmplus, fbm,
	databases, MTV, DBW and other ray tracers, world map, other stuff.
	Not updated much recently.

castlab.engr.wisc.edu [128.104.52.10]:  /pub/x3d.2.2.tar.Z - *X3D*
	/pub/xdart.1.1.* - *XDART*
	Mark Spychalla <spy@castlab.engr.wisc.edu>

sgi.com [192.48.153.1]:  /graphics/tiff - TIFF 6.0 spec & *LIBTIFF* software
	and pics.  Also much SGI- and GL-related stuff (e.g. OpenGL manuals)
	Sam Leffler <sam@sgi.com>
	[supercedes okeeffe.berkeley.edu for the LIBTIFF stuff]

surya.waterloo.edu [129.97.129.72]: /graphics - FBM, ray tracers

ftp.sdsc.edu [132.249.20.22]: /sdscpub - *SDSC*

ftp.brl.mil [128.63.16.158]: /brl-cad - information on how to get the
	BRL CAD package & ray tracer.  /images - various test images.
	A texture library has also begun here.
	Lee A. Butler <butler@BRL.MIL>

cicero.cs.umass.edu [128.119.40.189]:  /texture_temp - 512x512 grayscale
	Brodatz textures,
	from Julien Flack <julien@scs.leeds.ac.uk>.

karazm.math.uh.edu [129.7.7.6]:  pub/Graphics/rtabs.shar.12.90.Z - *Wilson's
	RT abstracts*, VM_pRAY.
	J. Eric Townsend <jet@karazm.math.uh.edu or jet@nas.nasa.gov>

ftp.pitt.edu [130.49.253.1]:  /users/qralston/images - 24 bit image archive
	(small).  James Ralston Crawford <qralston@gl.pitt.edu>

ftp.tc.cornell.edu [128.84.201.1]: /pub/vis - *VREND*

sunee.waterloo.edu [129.97.50.50]: /pub/raytracers - vivid, *REND386*
	[or sunee.uwaterloo.ca]

archive.umich.edu [141.211.164.153]: /msdos/graphics - PC graphics stuff.
	/msdos/graphics/raytrace - VIVID2.

apple.apple.com [130.43.2.2?]:  /pub/ArchiveVol2/prt.

research.att.com [192.20.225.2]: /netlib/graphics - *SPD package*, ~/polyhedra -
	*polyhedra databases*.  (If you don't have FTP, use the netlib
	automatic mail replier:  UUCP - research!netlib, Internet -
	netlib@ornl.gov.  Send one line message "send index" for more info,
	"send haines from graphics" to get the SPD)

siggraph.org [128.248.245.250]: SIGGRAPH archive site.
	publications - *Online Bibliography Project*, Conference proceedings
	in various electronic formats (papers, panels), SIGGRAPH Video Review
	information and order forms.
	Other stuff in various directories.
	Automatic mailer is archive-server@siggraph.org ("send index").

ftp.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159]: pub/reaction_diffusion - Greg Turk's work on
	reaction-diffusion textures, X windows code (SIGGRAPH '91)

avs.ncsc.org [128.109.178.23]:  ~ftp/VolVis92 - Volume datasets from the
	Boston Workshop on Volume Visualization '92.  This site is also the
	International AVS Center.
	Terry Myerson <tvv@ncsc.org>

uvacs.cs.virginia.edu [128.143.8.100]:  pub/suit/demo/{sparc,dec,etc} - SUIT
	(Simple User Interface Toolkit).  "finger suit@uvacs.cs.virginia.edu"
	to get detailed instructions.

nexus.yorku.ca [130.63.9.66]: /pub/reports/Radiosity_code.tar.Z - *RAD*
	/pub/reports/Radiosity_thesis.ps.Z - *RAD MSc. Thesis*
	[This site will be changed to ftp.yorku.ca in the near future]

milton.u.washington.edu [128.95.136.1] - ~ftp/public/veos - VEOS Virtual
	Reality and distributed applications prototyping environment
	for Unix. Veos Software Support : veos-support@hitl.washington.edu
        oldpublic/fly - FLY! 3D Visualization Software demo.
        That package is built for "fly-throughs" from various datasets in
        near real-time. There are binaries for many platforms.
	Also, much other Virtual Reality stuff.

zug.csmil.umich.edu [141.211.184.2]: X-Xpecs 3D files (an LCD glass shutter
	for Amiga computers - great for VR stuff!)

sugrfx.acs.syr.edu [128.230.24.1]: Various stereo-pair images.
[ Has closed down :-( ]

sunsite.unc.edu [152.2.22.81]: /pub/academic/computer-science/virtual-reality -
	Final copy of the sugrfx.acs.syr.edu archive that ceased to exist.
	It contains Powerglove code, VR papers, 3D images and IRC research
	material.
	Jonathan Magid <jem@sunSITE.unc.edu>

archive.cis.ohio-state.edu [128.146.8.52]: pub/siggraph92 - Code for
	Siggraph '92 Course 23 (Procedural Modeling and Rendering Techniques)
	Dr. David S. Ebert <ebert@cis.ohio-state.edu>

lyapunov.ucsd.edu [132.239.86.10]: This machine is considered the
	repository for preprints and programs for nonlinear dynamics,
	signal processing, and related subjects  (and fractals, of course!)
	Matt Kennel <mbk@inls1.ucsd.edu>

cod.nosc.mil [128.49.16.5]: /pub/grid.{ps,tex,ascii} - a short survey of
	methods to interpolate and contour bivariate data

ics.uci.edu [128.195.1.1]: /honig --- Various stereo-pair images,
	movie.c - animates a movie on an X display (8-bit and mono) with
	digital subtraction.

taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil [131.120.1.13]: pub/dabro/cyberware_demo.tar.Z - Human
	head data

pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217]:  pub/texture_maps - Hans du Buf's grayscale
	test textures (aerial swatches, Brodatz textures, synthetic swatches).
	Space & planetary image repository.  Provides access to >150 CD-ROMS
	with data/images (3 on-line at a time).
        pub/info/beginner-info - here you should start browsing.
        Colby Kraybill <opus@pioneer.unm.edu>.

cs.brown.edu [128.148.33.66] : *SRGP/SPHIGS* . For more info on SRGP/SPHIGS:
         mail -s 'software-distribution' graphtext@cs.brown.edu

pdb.pdb.bnl.gov [130.199.144.1] has data about various organic molecules,
       bonds between the different atoms, etc.
       Atomic coordinates (and a load of other stuff) are contained in the
       "*.ent" files, but the actual atomic dimemsions seem to be missing.
       You could convert these data to PoV, rayshade, etc.

biome.bio.ns.ca [142.2.20.2] : /pub/art - some Renoir paintings,
        Escher's pictures, etc.

ic16.ee.umanitoba.ca [] : /specmark - sample set of images from the
        `Images from the Edge' CD-ROM (images of atomic landscapes, advanced
        semiconductors, superconductors and experimental surface
        chemistry among others). Contact ruskin@ee.umanitoba.ca

explorer.dgp.toronto.edu [128.100.1.129] : pub/sgi/clrpaint - *CLRpaint*
        pub/sgi/clrview.* - CLRview, a tool that aids in visualization
        of GIS datasets in may formats like DXF, DEM, Arc/Info, etc.

ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM - images from Magellan
        and Viking missions etc. Get pub/SPACE/Index first.
        pub/SPACELINK has most of the SpaceLink service data (see below)
        e-mail server available: send mail to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov
        (or ames!archive-server) with subject:"help"
        or "send SPACE Index" (without the quotes!)
        Peter Yee <yee@ames.arc.nasa.gov>

pubinfo.jpl.nasa.gov [128.149.6.2]: images, other data, etc. from JPL
        missions. Modem access at (818)-354-1333 (no parity, 8 data bits, 1
        stop bit).
        newsdesk@jplpost.jpl.nasa.gov or phone (818)-354-7170

spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov [128.158.13.250] (passwd:guest) : space graphics
        and GIF images from NASA's planetary probes and the Hubble Telescope.
        Main function is support for teachers (you can telnet also to this
        site). Dial up access: (205)-895-0028 (300/1200/2400/9600(V.32) baud,
        8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit).

stsci.edu [130.167.1.2] : Hubble Space Telescope stuff (images and other
        data). Read the README first!
        Pete Reppert <reppert@stsci.edu> or Chris O'Dea <odea@stsci.edu>

pit-manager.mit.edu [18.172.1.27]:  /pub/usenet/news.answers - the land of
	FAQs.  graphics and pictures directories of particular interest.
	[Also available from mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu by sending a mail
	message containing: help]

UUCP archive: avatar - RT News back issues.  For details, write Kory Hamzeh
	<kory@avatar.avatar.com>


EUROPE:
-------

nic.funet.fi [128.214.6.100]:  *pub/sci/papers - *Paper bank project,
	including Pete Shirley's entire thesis (with pics)*, *Wilson's RT
	abstracts*, pub/misc/CIA_WorldMap - CIA world data bank,
	comp.graphics.research archive, *India*, and much, much more.
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>

dasun2.epfl.ch [128.178.62.2]:  Radiance. Good for European sites, but
	doesn't carry the add-ons that are available for Radiance.

isy.liu.se [130.236.1.3]:  pub/sipp/sipp-3.0.tar.Z - *SIPP* scan line z-buffer
	and Phong shading renderer.  Jonas Yngvesson <jonas-y@isy.liu.se>

irisa.fr [131.254.2.3]:  */iPSC2/VM_pRAY ray tracer*, SPD, /NFF - many non-SPD
	NFF format scenes, RayShade data files.  Didier Badouel
	<badouel@irisa.irisa.fr> [may have disappeared]

phoenix.oulu.fi [130.231.240.17]:  *FLI RayTracker animation files (PC VGA) -
	also big .FLIs (640*480)* *RayScene demos* [Americans:  check wuarchive
	first].  More animations to come.  Jari Kahkonen
	<hole@phoenix.oulu.fi>

jyu.fi [128.214.7.5]: /pub/graphics/ray-traces - many ray tracers, including
	VM_pRAY, DBW, DKB, MTV, QRT, RayShade, some RT News, NFF files.  Jari
	Toivanen <toivanen@jyu.fi>

garbo.uwasa.fi [128.214.87.1]:  Much PC stuff, etc., /pc/source/contour.f -
	FORTRAN program to contour scattered data using linear triangle-based
	interpolation

asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17]:  pub/RTrace - *RTrace* nffutils.tar.Z (NFF
	utilities for RTrace), medical data (CAT, etc.)  converters to NFF,
	Autocad to NFF Autolisp code, AUTOCAD 11 to SCN (RTrace's language)
	converter and other goodies.  Antonio Costa (acc@asterix.inescn.pt)

vega.hut.fi [128.214.3.82]: /graphics - RTN archive, ray tracers (MTV, QRT,
	others), NFF, some models.
[ It was shut down months ago , check under nic.funet.fi -- nfotis ]

sun4nl.nluug.nl [192.16.202.2]: /pub/graphics/raytrace - DBW.microray, MTV, etc

unix.hensa.ac.uk [] : misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z - CGM viewer and
        converter.
        There's an e-mail server also - mail to archive@unix.hensa.ac.uk
        with the message body "send misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z"

maeglin.mt.luth.se [130.240.0.25]:  graphics/raytracing - prt, others, ~/Doc -
	*Wilson's RT abstracts*, Vivid.

ftp.fu-berlin.de [130.20.225.2]:  /pub/unix/graphics/rayshade4.0/inputs -
	aq.tar.Z is RayShade aquarium [Americans:  check princeton.edu first).
	Heiko Schlichting <heiko@math.fu-berlin.de>

maggia.ethz.ch [129.132.17.1]: pub/inetray - *Inetray* and Sun RPC 4.0 code
	Andreas Thurnherr <ant@ips.id.ethz.ch>

osgiliath.id.dth.dk [129.142.65.24]:  /pub/amiga/graphics/Radiance - *Amiga
	port of Radiance 2.0*.  Per Bojsen <bojsen@ithil.id.dth.dk>

ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.1.9] : *PoV raytracer*
        Mirrored in wuarchive, has many goods for PoV.
	pub/dkbtrace/incoming/polyray - Polyray raytracer
        pub/dkbtrace/incoming/pv3d* - *PV3D*

ftp.uni-kl.de [131.246.9.95]: /pub/amiga/raytracing/imagine - mirror of
	the hubcap Imagine files.

neptune.inf.ethz.ch [129.132.101.33]: XYZ - *XYZ GeoBench*
	Peter Schorn <schorn@inf.ethz.ch>

iamsun.unibe.ch [130.92.64.10]: /Graphics/graphtal* - a L-system interpreter.
	Christoph Streit <streit@iam.unibe.ch>

amiga.physik.unizh.ch [130.60.80.80]: /amiga/gfx - Graphics stuff
	for the Amiga computer.

stesis.hq.eso.org [134.171.8.100]: on-line access to a huge astronomical
        database. (login:starcat;no passwd)
        DECnet:STESIS (It's the Space Telescope European Coordination Facility)
        Benoit Pirenne <bpirenne@eso.org>, phone +49 89 320 06 433


MIDDLE EAST
-----------

gauss.technion.ac.il [132.68.112.60]: *kaleida*


AUSTRALIA:
----------

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au [128.250.70.62]: pub - *VORT(ART) ray tracer*, *VOGLE*,
	Wilson's ray tracing abstracts, /pub/contrib/artscenes (ART scenes from
	Italy), pub/images/haines - Haines thesis images, Graphics Gems code,
	SPD, NFF & OFF databases, NFF and OFF previewers, plus some 8- and
	24bit images and lots of other stuff.  pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*
	Bernie Kirby <bernie@ecr.mu.oz.au>

munnari.oz.au [128.250.1.21]:  pub/graphics/vort.tar.Z - *VORT (ART) 2.1 CSG and
	algebraic surface ray tracer*, *VOGLE*, /pub - DBW, pbmplus.  /graphics
	- room.tar.Z (ART scenes from Italy).
	David Hook <dgh@munnari.oz.au>

marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au [134.7.1.1]: pub/graphics/bibliography/Facial_Animation,
	pub/graphics/bibliography/Morph, pub/graphics/bibliography/UI -
	stuff about Facial animation, Morphing and User Interfaces.
	pub/fascia - Fred Parke's fascia program.
	Valerie Hall <val@lillee.cs.curtin.edu.au>


OCEANIA - ASIA:
---------------

#ccu1.auckland.ac.nz [130.216.3.1]:  ftp/mac/architec - *VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade files*.  Many other neat things
#	for Macs.  Paul Bourke <pdbourke@ccu1.auckland.ac.nz>
+[ For users outside NZ - go to wuarchive.wustl.edu, directory
+  /mirrors/architec ]

scslwide.sony.co.jp [133.138.199.1]:  ftp2/SGI/Facial-Animation - Steve Franks
	site for facial animation.
 	Steve Franks <stevef@csl.sony.co.jp OR stevef@cs.umr.edu>


4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
===========================================

Please check first with the FTP places above, with archie's help.
Don't overuse mail servers.

There are some troubles with wrong return addresses. Many of these
mail servers have a command like
   path a_valid_return_e-mail_address
to get a hint for sending back to you stuff.

DEC's FTPMAIL
-------------
  Send a one-line message to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com WITHOUT a Subject: field,
  and having a line containing the word 'help'.
  You should get back a message detailing the relevant procedures you
  must follow in order to get the files you want.

  Note that the "reply" or "answer" command in your mailer will not work
  for this message or any other mail you receive from FTPMAIL.  To send
  requests to FTPMAIL, send an original mail message, not a reply.
  Complaints should be sent to the ftpmail-request@uucp-gw-2.pa.dec.com
  address rather than to postmaster, since DECWRL's postmaster is not
  responsible for fixing ftpmail problems.

BITFTP
------
  For BITNET sites ONLY, there's BITFTP@PUCC.
  Send a one-line 'help' message to this address for more info.


+RED
+---
+  RED - Listserv Redirector is essentially a mail server.
+  The Server Sites that are available are:
+
+  Location        EARN/BITNET          Internet
+  --------------  ----------------     -------------------
+  In Turkey:      TRICKLE@TREARN       TRICKLE@EGE.EDU.TR
+  In Denmark:     TRICKLE@DKTC11
+  In Italy:       TRICKLE@IMIPOLI
+  In Belgium:     TRICKLE@BANUFS11     TRICKLE@UFSIA.AC.BE
+  In Austria:     TRICKLE@AWIWUW11
+  In Germany:     TRICKLE@DS0RUS1I     TRICKLE@RUSVM1.RUS.UNI-STUTTGART.DE
+  In Israel:      TRICKLE@TAUNIVM      TRICKLE@VM.TAU.AC.IL
+  In Netherlands: TRICKLE@HEARN        TRICKLE@HEARN.NIC.SURFNET.NL
+  In France:      TRICKLE@FRMOP11      TRICKLE@FRMOP11.CNUSC.FR
+  In Colombia:    TRICKLE@UNALCOL      TRICKLE@UNALCOL.UNAL.EDU.CO
+  In Taiwan:      TRICKLE@TWNMOE10     TRICKLE@TWNMOE10.EDU.TW
+
+  You are  urged to use the  one that is closer  to your location.
+  Send a message to one of these containing the body
+
+  /HELP
+
+  and you'll get more instructions.


Lightwave 3D mail based file-server
-----------------------------------
  A mail based file server for 3D objects, 24bit JPEG images, GIF images
  and image maps is now online for all those with Internet mail access.
  The server is the official archive site for the Lightwave 3D mail-list
  and contains many PD and Shareware graphics utilities for
  several computer platforms including Amiga, Atari, IBM and Macintosh.

  The server resides on a BBS called "The Graphics BBS".  The BBS is
  operational 24 hours a day 7 days a week at the phone number of +1
  908/469-0049.  It has upgraded its modem to a Hayes Ultra 144
  V.32bis/V.42bis, which has speeds from 300bps up to 38,400bps.

  If you would like to submit objects, scenes or images to the server,
  please pack, uuencode and then mail the files to the address:
  server@bobsbox.rent.com.

  For information on obtaining files from the server send a mail message
  to the address file-server@graphics.rent.com with the following in
  the body of the message:
    HELP
    /DIR
  And a help file describing how to use the server and a complete
  directory listing will be sent to you via mail.

[ Now it includes the Cyberware head and shouders in TTDDD format! Check it
 out, only if you can't use FTP! -- nfotis ]

INRIA-GRAPHLIB
--------------
  Pierre Jancene and Sabine Coquillart launched the inria-graphlib mail
  server a few months ago.

    echo help | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will give you a quick summary of what inria-graphlib contains and 
  how to browse among its files.

    echo send contents | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the extended summary.

  As an other example :

    echo send cgrl from Misc | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the Computer Graphics Resource Listing mirrored from
  comp.graphics.

BBSes
-----
  There are many BBSes that store datafiles, etc.etc., but a guide to these
  is beyond the scope of this Listing (and the resources of the author!)
  If you can point to me Internet- or mail- accessible BBSes that carry
  interesting stuff, send me info!


  Studio Amiga is a 3D modelling and ray tracing specific BBS, (817) 467-3658.
  24 hours, 105 Meg online.
--
From Jeff Walkup <pwappy@well.sf.ca.us>:
  "The Castle" 415/355-2396 (14.4K/v.32bis/v.42/v.42bis/MNP)
  (In Pacifica, dang close to San Francisco, California, USA)
  The new-user password is: "TAO".
  
  [J]oin base #2; The Castle G/FX, Anim, Video, 3D S.I.G., of which
  I am the SIG-Op, "Lazerus".
--
  Bob Lindabury operates a BBS (see above the entry for "The Graphics BBS")
--
'You Can Call Me Ray' ray tracing related BBS in Chicago suburbs (708-358-5611)
 or (708-358-8721)
--
  Digital Pixel (Sysop: Mark Ng <mcng@descartes.waterloo.edu>) is based at
  Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
 
  Phone : (416) 298 1487
  Storage space: 330 megs
  Modem type:  14.4k baud,16.8k (Zyxel) , v32bis ,v32, mnp 5

  Access Fee: none.. (free)
  System supported : DOS, OS/2, Amiga, Mac.  
  Netmail:     Currently no echo mail.
  Topics:      Raytracing, Fractals, Graphics programming, CAD, Any Comp.
               Graphics related  

--
From: David Tiberio <dtiberio@ic.sunysb.edu>

  Amiga Graphics BBS (516) 473-6351 in Long Island, New York,
  running 24 hours at 14.4k v.32bis, with 157 megs on line.
  We also subscribe to 9 mailing lists, of which 5 originate
  from our BBS, with 3 more to be added soon. These include:

  Lightwave, Imagine, Real 3D (ray tracing)

  Database files include:
  Imagine 3D objects, 3D renderings, scalable fonts, music
  modules, sound samples, demos, animations, utilities,
  text databases, and pending Lightwave 3D objects.
--
The Graphics Alternative

 The Graphics Alternative is in El Cerrito, CA., running 24 hours a
 day at 14.4k HST/v.32bis, with 642MB online and a 1300+ user base.
 TGA runs two nodes, node 1 (510) 524-2780 is for public access and
 includes a free 90 day trial subscription.  TGA is the West Coast
 Host for PCGnet, The Profesional CAD and Graphics Network, supporting
 nodes across the Continental U.S., Alaska, New Zealand, Australia,
 France and the UK.
 
 TGA's file database includes MS-DOS executables for POV, Vivid,
 RTrace, Rayshade, Polyray, and others.  TGA also has numerous
 graphics utilities, viewers, and conversion utilities.  Registered
 Vivid users can also download the latest Vivid aeta code from a
 special Vivid conference.

--
From: Scott Bethke <sbathkey@access.digex.com>

The Intersection BBS, 410-250-7149.

  This BBS Is dedicated to supporting 3D Animators.The system is provided
  FREE OF CHARGE, and is NOT Commercialized in ANYWAY.
  Users are given FULL Access on the first call.

Features: Usenet NEWS & Internet Mail, Fidonet Echo's & Netmail,
	200 Megs online, V.32bis/V.42bis Modem.

Platforms of interest: Amiga & The VideoToaster, Macintosh, Ms-Dos,
	Unix Workstations (Sun, SGI, etc), Atari-ST.
--
From: Alfonso Hermida <afanh@robots.gsfc.nasa.gov>:

 Pi Square BBS (301)725-9080 in Maryland. It supports raytracers such as POV
 and VIVID. The BBS runs off a 486/33Mhz, 100Megs hard drive and CD ROM.
 Now it runs on 1200-2400bps (this will change soon)

 Topics: graphics programming, animation,raytracing,programming (general)
--
From: Lynn Falkow <ROXXIE@delphi.com>:

  Vertech Design's GRAPHIC CONNECTION. (503) 591-8412 in Portland, Oregon.
  V.32/V.42bis.

  The BBS, aside from carrying typical BBS services like message bases
  ( all topic specific ) and files ( CAD and graphics related -- hundreds
  of megabytes ), also offers material texture files that are full color,
  seamlessly tiling, photo-realistic images.  There are samples available
  to first time callers.  The BBS is a subscription system although callers
  have 2 hours before they must subscribe, and there are several subscription
  rates available.   People interested in materials can subscribe to the
  library in addition to a basic subscription rate, and can use their
  purchased time to download whichever materials they wish.

==========================================================================

5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists
=============================================

Imagine
-------
  Modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  send subscription requests to Imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com
  send material to Imagine@email.sp.paramax.com
  (Dave Wickard has substituted Steve Worley in the maintenance of
  the mailing list) - PLEASE note that the unisys.com address is
  NO longer valid!!!

Lightwave
---------
  (for the Amiga. It's part of Newtek's Video Toaster):
  send subscription requests to lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com
  send material to lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com
  (Bob Lindabury)

Toaster
-------
  send subscription requests to listserv@karazm.math.uh.edu with a *body* of:
     subscribe toaster-list

Real 3D
-------
  Another modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe real3d-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@gu.uwa.edu.au

Rayshade
--------
  send subscription requests to rayshade-request@cs.princeton.edu
  send material to rayshade-users@cs.princeton.edu
  (Craig Kolb)

Alladin 4D for the Amiga
----------
  send subscription requests to subscribe@xamiga.linet.org

  and in the body of the message write

  #Alladin 4D username@domain

Radiance
--------
  Greg Ward, the author, sends to registered (via e-mail) users digests of
  his correspodence with them, notes about fixes, updates, etc.
  His address is: gjward@lbl.gov

REND386
-------
  send subscription requests to rend386-request@sunee.waterloo.edu
  send material to rend386@sunee.waterloo.edu

PoV ray / DKB raytracers
------------------------
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe dkb-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@trearn.bitnet

  send material to dkb-l@trearn.bitnet

Mailing List for Massively Parallel Rendering
---------------------------------------------
  send subscription requests to mp-render-request@icase.edu
  send material to mp-render@icase.edu

==========================================================================

6. 3D graphics editors
======================

a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
============================================

VISION-3D
---------
  Mac-based program written by Paul D. Bourke (pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz).
  The program can be used to generate models directly in the RayShade
  and Radiance file formats (polygons only).
  It's shareware and listed on the FTP list.

BRL
---
  A solid modeling system for most environments -- including SGI and X11.
  It has CSG and NURBS, plus support for Non-Manifold Geometry
  [Whatever it is].

  You can get it *free* via FTP by signing and returning the relevant license,
  found on ftp.brl.mil. Uses ray-tracing for engineering analyses.

  Contact:

  Ms. Carla Moyer
  (410)-273-7794 tel.
  (410)-272-6763 FAX
  cad-dist@brl.mil E-mail

  Snail mail:

  BRL-CAD Distribution
  SURVIAC Aberdeen Satellite Office 1003
  Old Philadelphia Road,
  Suite 103 Aberdeen
  MD  21001  USA

IRIT
----
  A constructive solid geometry (CSG) modeling program for PC and X11.
  Includes freeform surface support. Free - see FTP list for where to
  find it.

SurfModel
---------
  A solid modeling program for PC written in Turbo Pascal 6.0 by
  Ken Van Camp. Available from SIMTEL, pd1:<msdos.srfmodl> directory.

NOODLES
-------
   From CMU, namely Fritz Printz and Levent Gursoz (elg@styx.edrc.cmu.edu).
   It's based on Non Manifold Topology.
   Ask them for more info, I don't know if they give it away.

XYZ2
----
  XYZ2 is an interactive 3-D editor/builder written by Dale P. Stocker to
  create objects for the SurfaceModel, Automove, and DKB raytracer packages.
  XYZ2 is free and can be found, for example, in SIMTEL20 as
  <MSDOS.SURFMODL>XYZ21.ZIP (DOS only??)

3DMOD
-----
  It's an MSDOS program. Check at barnacle.erc.clarkson.edu [128.153.28.12],
  /pub/msdos/graphics/3dmod.* . Undocumented file format :-(
  3DMOD is (C) 1991 by Micah Silverman, 25 Pierrepoint Ave., Postdam,
  New York 13676, tel. 315-265-7140

NORTHCAD
--------
  Shareware, <MSDOS.CAD>NCAD3D42.ZIP in SIMTEL20. Undocumented file format :-(

Vertex
------
  (Amiga)
  Shareware, send $40 US (check or money order) to:

  The Art Machine, 4189 Nickolas
  Sterling Heights, MI  48310
  USA

  In addition to the now standard file formats, including Lightwave,
  Imagine, Sculpt, Turbo Silver, GEO and Wavefront, this release offers
  3D Professional and RayShade support. (Rayshade is supported only by
  the primitive "triangle", but you can easily include this output in
  your RayShade scripts)

  The latest demo, version 1.62, is available on Fred Fish #727.

  For more information, contact the author, Alex Deburie, at:

  ad99s461@sycom.mi.org, Phone: (313) 939-2513
  

ICoons
------
  (Amiga)
  It's a spline based object modeller ("ICoons" = Interactive 
  COONS path editor) in amiga.physik.unizh.ch (gfx/3d/ICoons1.0.lzh).
  It's free (under the GNU Licence) and requires FPU.

  The program has a look&feel which is a cross between Journeyman and
  Imagine, and it generates objects in TTDDD format.

  It is possible to load Journeyman objects into ICoons, so the program
  can be used to convert JMan objects to Imagine format.

  Author: Helge E. Rasmussen <her@compel.dk>
  PHONE + 45 36 72 33 00, FAX   + 45 36 72 43 00

[ It's also on Fred Fish disk series n.775 - nfotis ]


ProtoCAD 3D
-----------
 Ver 1.1 from Trius (shareware?)

 It's at wsmr-simtel20.army.mil and oak.oakland.edu as PCAD3D.ZIP (for PCs)

 It has this menu layout:

         FILE       File handling (Load, Save, Import, Xport...)
         DRAW       Draw 2D objects (Line, Circle, Box...)
         3D         Draw 3D objects (Mesh, Sphere, Block...)
         EDIT       Editing features (Copy, Move ...)
         SURFACE    Modify objects (Revolve, Xtrude, Sweep...)
         IMAGE      Image zooming features (Update, Window, Half...)
         OPTION     Global defaults (Grid, Toggles, Axis...)
         PLOT       Print drawing/picture (Go, Image...)
         RENDER     Shade objects (Frame, Lighting, Tune...)
         LAYER      Layer options (Select active layer, set Colors...)

Sculptura
---------
  Runs under Windows 3.1, and outputs PoV files. A demo can be found
  on wuarchive.wustl.edu in mirrors/win3/demo/demo3d.zip

  Author: Michael Gibson <gibsonm@stein.u.washington.edu>


b. Commercial systems
=====================

Alpha_1
-------
  A spline-based modeling program written in University of Utah.
  Features: splines up to trimmed NURBS; support for boolean operations;
    sweeps, bending, warping, flattening etc.; groups of objects, and
    transformations; extensible object types.
  Applications include: NC machining, Animation utilities,
    Dimensioning, FEM analysis, etc.
  Rendering subsystem, with support for animations.
  Support the following platforms: HP 300 and 800's (X11R4, HP-UX 6.5),
    SGI 4D or PI machines (X11R4 and GL, IRIX 3.3.1), Sun SparcStation
    (X11R4, SunOS 4.1.1).
 
  Licensing and distribution is handled by EGS:
    Glenn McMinn, President
    Engineering Geometry Systems
    275 East South Temple, Suite 305
    Salt Lake City, UT  84111
    (801) 575-6021
    mcminn@cs.utah.edu

 [ Educational pricing ]
  The charge is $675 per platform.  You may run the system on as many
  different workstations of that type as you wish.  For each platform
  there is also a $250 licensing fee for Portable Standard Lisp (PSL)
  which is bundled with the system.  You need to obtain an additional
  license from the University of Utah for PSL from the following address:
    Professor Robert Kessler
    Computer Science Department
    University of Utah
    Salt Lake City, Utah 84112

  [ EGS can handle the licensing of PSL for U.S. institutions for a
    300 $USD nominal fee -- nfotis ]

VERTIGO
-------

  They have an Educational Institution Program. The package is used in
  the industrial design, architectural, scientific visualization,
  educational, broadcast, imaging and post production fields.

  They'll [quoting from a letter sent to me -- nfotis ] "donate fully
  configured Vertigo 3D Graphics Software worth over $29,000USD per
  package to qualified educational institutions for licencing on any
  number of Silicon Graphics Personal IRIS or POWER Series Workstations.
  If you use an IRIS Indigo station, we will also licence our Vertigo
  Revolution Software (worth $12,000USD).

  If you are interested in participating in this program please send a
  letter by mail or fax (604/684-2108) on your institution's letterhead
  briefly outlining your potential uses for Vertigo together with the
  following information: 1. UNIX version 2. Model and number of SGI
  systems 3. Peripheral devices 4. Third Party Software.

  Participants will be asked to contribute $750USD per institution to cover
  costs of the manual, administration, and shipping.

  We recommend that Vertigo users subscribe to our technical support
  services. For an annual fee you will receive: technical assistance
  on our support hotline, bug fixes, software upgrades and manual updates.
  For educational institution we will waive the $750 administration fee
  if support is purchased.

  The annual support fee is $2,500 plus the following cost for additional
  machines:

  Number of machines:		2-20		20+
  Additional cost per machine:	$700		$600 "

[ There's also a 5-day training program - nfotis]

Contact:
  Vertigo Technology INC
  Suite 1010
  1030 West Georgia St.
  VANCOUVER, BC
  CANADA, V6E 2Y3

  Phone: 604/684-2113
  Fax:   604/684-2108

[ Does anyone know of such offers from TDI, Alias, Softimage, Wavefront,
  etc.??? this would be a VERY interesting part!!  -- nfotis ]

PADL-2
------
[ Basically, it's a Solid Modeling Kernel in top of which you build your
  application(s)]

  Available by license from
    Cornell Programmable Automation
    Cornell University
    106 Engineering and Theory Center
    Ithaca, NY 14853

  License fees are very low for educational institutions and gov't agencies.
  Internal commercial licenses and re-dissemination licenses are available.
  For an information packet, write to the above address, or send your
  address to:   marisa@cpa.tn.cornell.edu (Richard Marisa)

ACIS
----
  From Spatial Technology. It's a Solid Modelling kernel callable from C.
  Heard that many universities got free copies from the company.
  The person to contact regarding ACIS in academic institutions is

    Scott Owens, e-mail: sdo@spatial.com

  And their address is:

  Spatial Technology, Inc.
  2425 55th St., Bldg. A
  Boulder, CO 80301-5704
  Phone: (303) 449-0649, Fax: (303) 449-0926

MOVIE-BYU / CQUEL.BYU
---------------------
  Basically [in my understanding], this is a FEM pre- and post-proccessor
  system. It's fairly old today, but it still serves some people in
  Mech. Eng. Depts.
  Now it's superseded from CQUEL.BYU (pronounced "sequel"). That's a
  complete modelling, animation and visualization package. Runs in the usual
  workstation environments (SUN, DEC, HP, SGI, IBM RS6000, and others)
  You can get a demo version (30-days trial period) either by sending $20
  USD in their address or a blank tape. It costs 1,500 for a full run-time
  licence.

  Contact:

  Engineering Computer Graphics Lab
  368 Clyde Building, Brigham Young Univ.
  Provo, UT 84602
  Phone: 801-378-2812
  E-mail: cquel@byu.edu


twixt
-----
  Soon to add stuff about it... If I get a reply to my FAX

VOXBLAST
--------
  It's a volume renderer marketed by:
  Vaytek Inc. (Fairfield, Iowa phone: 515-472-2227) , running on PCs
  with 386+FPU at least.  Call Vaytek for more info.

VoxelBox
--------
  A 3D Volume renderer for Windows. Features include direct
  ray-traced volume rendering, color and alpha mapping,
  gradient lighting, animation, reflections and shadows.

  Runs on a PC(386 or higher) with at least an 8 bit video card(SVGA is fine)
  under Windows 3.x. It costs $495.

  Contact:

  Jaguar Software Inc.
  573 Main St., Suite 9B
  Winchester, MA 01890
  (617) 729-3659
  jwp@world.std.com (john w poduska)

==========================================================================

7. Scene description languages
==============================

NFF
---
  Neutral file format , by Eric Haines. Very simple, there are some
  procedural database generators in the SPD package, and many objects
  floating in various FTP sites. There's also a previewer written in
  HP Starbase from E.Haines. Also there's one written in VOGLE, so you can
  use any of the devices VOGLE can output on.
  (Check in sites carrying VOGLE, like gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au)

OFF
---
  Object file format, from DEC's Randy Rost (rost@kpc.com).
[ The object archive server seems to be mothballed. In a future version,
 I'll remove the ref. to it -- nfotis ]

  Available also through their mail server. To obtain help about using this
  service, send a message with a "Subject:" line containing only the word
  "help" and a null message body to: object-archive-server@decwrl.dec.com.
  [For FTP places to get it, see in the relevant place]. There's an OFF
  previewer for SGI 4D machines, called off-preview in
  godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au . There are previewers for xview and sunview,
  also on gondwana.

TDDD
----
It's a library of 3D objects with translators to/from OFF, NFF,
Rayshade, Imagine or vort objects.
Edited copy of the announcement follows (from Raytracing News, V4,#3):

  New Library of 3D Objects Available via FTP, by Steve Worley
  (worley@cup.portal.com)

  I have assembled a set of over 150 3D objects in a binary format
  called TDDD. These objects range from human figures to airplanes,
  from semi-trucks to lampposts.  These objects are all freely
  distributable, and most have READMEs that describe them.

  In order to convert these objects to a human-readable format, a file
  with the specification of TDDD is included in the directory with the
  objects. There is also a shareware system called TTDDDLIB (officially
  on hubcap.clemson.edu) that will convert (ala PBM+) to/from various
  object formats : Imagine TTDDD (extension of TDDD?), OFF, NFF,
  Rayshade 4.0, or vort. Source included for Amiga/Unix as executables
  for the Amiga. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric views
  in Postscript.

P3D
---
  From Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center. The P3D uses lisp with slight
  extensions to store three-dimensional models. A simple lisp
  interpreter is included with the P3D release, so there is no need to
  have access to any vendor's lisp to run this software.

  The mouse-driven user interfaces for Motif, Open Look, and Silicon
  Graphics GL, and the DrawP3D subroutine library for generating P3D
  without ever looking at the underlying Lisp.

  The P3D software currently supports nine renderers.  They are:
  Painter - Painter's Algorithm, Dore, Silicon Graphics Inc. GL language,
  Generic Phigs, Sun Phigs+, DEC Phigs+, Rayshade, ART ray tracer (from
  VORT package) and Pixar RenderMan.

  The code is available via anonymous FTP from the machines
  ftp.psc.edu, directory pub/p3d, and nic.funet.fi, directory
  pub/graphics/programs/p3d.

RenderMan
---------
  Pixar's RenderMan is not free - call Pixar for details.

==========================================================================

8. Solids description formats
=============================

a. EEC's ESPRIT project 322 CAD*I (CAD Interfaces) has developed a
  neutral file format for transfer of CAD data (curves, surfaces, and
  solid models between CAD systems and from CAD to CAA (Computer Aided
  Analysis) an CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)

b. IGES [v. 5.1 now] tries to define a standard to tranfer solid
  models - Brep and CSG. The current standard number is ANSI Y14.26M-1987
  For documentation, you might want to contact Nancy Flower at
  NCGA Technical Services and Standards, 1-800-225-6242 ext. 325
  and the cost is $100.
  This standard is not available in electronic format.

c. PDES/STEP : This slowly emerging standard tries to encompass not only
  the geometrical information, but also for things like FEM, etc.
  The main bodies besides this standard are NIST and DARPA. You can get
  more information about PDES by sending mail to nptserver@cme.nist.gov
  and putting the line
	send index
  in the body (NOT the Subject:) area of the message.

  The people at Rutherford Appleton Lab.  are also working
  on STEP tools: they have an EXPRESS compiler and an Exchange file parser,
  both available in source form (and for free) for research purposes.
  Soon they will also have an EXPRESS-based database system.

  For the tools contact Mike Mead, Phone: +44 (0235) 44 6710 (FAX: x 5893),
  e-mail: mm@inf.rl.ac.uk or {...!}mcsun!uknet!rlinf!mm or
          mm%inf.rl.ac.uk@NSFnet-relay.ac.uk

==========================================================================

End of Part 1 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38852
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (27 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 2/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part2
Last-modified: 1993/04/27


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 2/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 27 April 1993


14. Plotting packages
=====================

Gnuplot 3.2
-----------
  It is one of the best 2- and 3-D plotting packages, with
  online help.It's a command-line driven interactive function plotting utility
  for UNIX, MSDOS, Amiga, Archimedes, and VMS platforms (at least!).
  Freely distributed, it supports many terminals, plotters, and printers
  and is easily extensible to include new devices.
  It was posted to comp.sources.misc in version 3.0, plus 2 patches.
  You can practically find it everywhere (use Archie to find a site near you!).
  The comp.graphics.gnuplot newsgroup is devoted to discussion of Gnuplot.

Xvgr and Xmgr (ACE/gr)
-----------------------
  Xmgr is an XY-plotting tool for UNIX workstations using
  X or OpenWindows. There is an XView version called xvgr for
  Suns. Collectively, these 2 tools are known as ACE/gr.
  Compiling xmgr requires the Motif toolkit version 1.1
  and X11R4 - xmgr will not compile under X11R3/Motif 1.0x.

  Check at ftp.ccalmr.ogi.edu [129.95.72.34} in
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xmgr-2.09.tar.Z (Motif version)
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xvgr-2.09.tar.Z (XView version)

  Comments, suggestions, bug reports to Paul J Turner
  <pturner@amb4.ese.ogi.edu> (if mail fails, try pturner@ese.ogi.edu).
  Due to time constraints, replies will be few and far between.

Robot
-----
  Release 0.45 : 2-D and limited 3-D. Based on XView 3, written
  in C / Fortran (so you need a Fortran compiler or the f2c translator).
  Mainly tested on Sun4, less on DECstations. Check at
  ftp.astro.psu.edu (128.118.147.28),  pub/astrod.

VG plotting library
-------------------
  This is a library of Fortran callable routines at sunspot.ceee.nist.gov
  [129.6.64.151]

Xgobi
-----
  It's being developed at Bellcore, and its speciality are
  multidimensional data sets analysis and exploration. You can call it
  from the S language also, and it works as an X11 client using the Athena
  widget set (or with an ASCII terminal). It's distributed free of charge
  from STATLIB at CMU.
  To get it via e-mail, send email to statlib@temper.stat.cmu.edu and
  in the body area of the message, put the line

  send xgobi from general

  If you want to pick it via ftp, connect to lib.stat.cmu.edu. Log in as
  "statlib" and use your e-mail address as your password. Then type

  cd general
  mget xgobi.*

  Warning: It's about 2 MB sources + large Postscript manual. Read the
  relevant README to decide whether you need it or not.

PGPLOT
------
  Runs on VAX/VMS and supposedly on UNIX. It's a set of fortran routines freely
  available (though copyrighted and requiring a nominal fee of $50 or so)
  that includes contour plots and support for various devices, including ps.
  Contact tjp@deimos.caltech.edu

GGRAPH
------
  Host shorty.cs.wisc.edu [128.105.2.8] : /pub/ggraph.tar.Z
  Unknown more details.

epiGRAPH
--------
  For PCs. Call dvj@lab2.phys.lgu.spb.su (Vladimir J. Dmitriev) for details.
  You can get the program demo or (and) play version, if sent 10 $ to

        1251 Budapest posta fiok 60
        Hungary
        ph/fax 1753696  Budapest
        ph     2017760

Multiplot XLN
-------------
  For Amigas, shareware ($30 USD, #20 UK or $40 Aust.). Advanced 2D package
  that has a big list of features. Contact:

  Dr. Alan Baxter <agb16@mbuc.bio.cam.ac.uk>,
  Cambridge University
  Department of Pathology,
  Tennis Court Road,
  Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK


Athena Plotter Widget set
-------------------------
  
  This version V6.0 is based on Gregory Bond's version V5-beta. Added
  some stuff for scientific graphs, i.e. log axes, free scalable axes,
  XY-lineplots and some more, and re-added plotter callbacks from V4, e.g.
  to request the current pointer position, or to cut off a rectangle from the
  plotting area for zooming-in. Version V6.0 has a log of bugs fixed and a
  log of improvements against V6-beta. Additionally I did some other
  changes/extensions, besides 
  
  -     Origin and frame lines for axes.
  -     Subgrid lines on subtic positions.
  -     Line plots in different line types (lines, points, lines+points,
   impulses, lines+impulses, steps, bars), line styles (solid, dotted,
   dashed, dot-dashed) and marker types for data points.
  -     Legend at the right or left hand side of the plot.
  -     Optional drawing to a pixmap instead of a window.
  -     Layout callback for aligning axis positions when using
   multiple plotters in one application.
  
  Available at export.lcs.mit.edu, directory contrib/plotter

SciPlot
-------
  SciPlot is a scientific 2D plotting and manipulation program. 
  For the NeXT (requires NeXTStep 3.0), and it's shareware.

  Features:
  ASCII import and export;  EPS export; copy, cut, paste with data buffer;
  free number of data points, data buffer, and document window;
  selective open and save ; plotting in many styles; automatic legend;
  subviews; linear and logarithmic axes; two different axes; text and graphic;
  color support; zoom; normalizing and moving; axis conversions;
  free hand data manipulations (cut, edit, move, etc.); data editor; sorting
  of data; absolute,relative, and free defined error bars;
  calculating with buffers (+, -, *, / ); background subtractions
  (linear,shirley,tougaard, bezier); integration and relative integration;
  fitting of one or more free defined functions; linear regression;
  calculations (+, -, *, /, sin, cos, log, etc.); function generator;
  spline interpolation; least square smooth and FFT smooth; differentiation;
  FFT; ESCA calculations and database; .. and something more 

  You can find it on:
  ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de [130.149.17.7] : /pub/NeXT/science/SciPlot3.1.tar.Z

  Author:
  Michael Wesemann
  Scillerstr. 73,1000 Berlin 12, Germany   
  mike@fiasko.rz-berlin.mpg.de

PLPLOT
------
  PLPLOT is a scientific plotting package for many systems, small (micro)
  and large (super) alike.  Despite its small size and quickness,
  it has enough power to satisfy most users, including:
  standard x-y plots, semilog plots, log-log plots, contour plots, 3D plots,
  mesh plots, bar charts and pie charts.  Multiple graphs (of the same or
  different sizes) may be placed on a single page with multiple lines in each
  graph.  Different line styles, widths and colors are supported.  A virtually
  infinite number of distinct area fill patterns may be used.  There are
  almost 1000 characters in the extended character set.  This includes four
  different fonts, the Greek alphabet and a host of mathematical, musical, and
  other symbols.  The fonts can be scaled to any size for various effects.
  Many different output device drivers are available (system dependent),
  including a portable metafile format and renderer.
  
  Freely available (but copyrighted) via anonymous FTP on
  hagar.ph.utexas.edu, directory pub/plplot
  
  At present (v. 4.13), PLPLOT is known to work on the following systems:
  
  Unix:   SunOS, A/IX, HP-UX, Unicos, DG/UX, Ultrix
  Other platforms: VMS, Amiga/Exec, MS-DOS, OS/2, NeXT
  
  Authors: Many. The main supporters are:
  
  Maurice LeBrun <mjl@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: PLPLOT kernel and the metafile,
     xterm, xwindow, tektronix, and Amiga drivers.
  Geoff Furnish <furnish@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: MS-DOS and OS/2 drivers
  Tony Richardson <amr@egr.duke.edu>: PLPLOT on the NeXT

SuperMongo
----------
  2-D plotting package at CMU, filename ~re00/tmp/SM.2.1.0.tar.Z
  (probably under the ftp.cmu.edu or andrew.cmu.edu machines?)

GLE
---
  GLE is a high quality graphics package for scientists.  It runs on a
  variety of platforms (PCs, VAXes, and Unix) with drivers for XWindows,
  REGIS, TEK4010, PC graphics cards, VT100s, HP plotters, Postscript
  printers, Epson-compatible printers and Laserjet/Paintjet printers.  It
  provides LaTEX quality fonts, as well as full support for Postscript
  fonts.  The graphing module provides full control over all features of
  graphs.  The graphics primitives include user-defined subroutines for
  complex pictures and diagrams.

  Accompanying utilities include Surface (for hidden line surface
  plotting), Contour (for contour plots), Manip (for manipulation of
  columnar data files), and Fitls (for fitting arbitrary equations to
  data).

+ Available via anon. FTP at these places:
+
+ PC gle: SIMTEL, wuarchive.wustl.edu, and other mirrors, msdos/graphics/gle*.*
+ UNIX gle: zephyr.grace.cri.nz (131.203.1.5), pub/gle/unix
+ VMS gle: zephyr.grace.cri.nz (131.203.1.5), pub/gle/vms

  Mailing list: GLEList. Send a message to

  listserver@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu, with a message boyd containing

  sub glelist "Your Name"
  
  maintainer: Dean Pentcheff <dean2@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu>

==========================================================================

15. Image analysis software - Image processing and display
==========================================================

PC and Mac-based tools (multi-platform software)
======================

IMDISP
------
  IMDISP Written at JPL and other NASA sites. Can do simple display,
  enhancing, smoothing and so on. Works with the FITS and VICAR/PDS
  data formats of NASA. Can read TIFF images, if you know their dimensions
  [PC and Macs]

LabVIEW 2
---------
  LabVIEW is used as a framework for image processing tools. It provides a
  graphical programming environment using block diagram sketch is the
  "program" with graphical elements representing the programming elements.
  Hundreds of functions are already available and are connected using a
  wiring tool to create the block diagram (program).  Functions that the
  block diagrams represent include digital signal processing and
  filtering, numerical analysis, statistics, etc.  The tool allows any
  Virtual Instrument (VI, a software file that looks and acts like a real
  laboratory instrument) to be used as a part of any other virtual
  instrument.

  National Instruments markets plug-in digital signal processing (DSP)
  boards for Macintoshs and PC compatables that allow real-time
  acquisition and analysis at a personal computer.  New software tools for
  DSP are allowing engineers to harness the power of this technology. The
  tools range from low-level debugging software to high-level block
  diagram development software.  There are three levels of DSP programming
  associated with the NB-DSP2300 board and LabVIEW:
  Use of the NB-DSP2300 Analysis Library: FFTs, power spectra, filters
  routines callable from THINK C and Macintosh Programers Workshop (MPW) C
  that execute on the NB-DSP2300 board. There is an analysis Virtual
  Interface Library of ready-to-use VIs optimized for the NB-DSP2300.

  Use of the National Instruments Developers Toolkit that includes an
  optimizing C compiler, an assembler and a linker for low-level
  programming of the DSP hardware.  This approach offers the highest level
  of performance but is the must difficult in terms of ease of use.

  Use of the National Instruments Interface Kit software package which has
  utility functions for memory management data communications and
  downloading code to the NB-DSP2300 board. (This is the easiest route for
  the development of custom code.)

Ultimage Concept VI
-------------------
  Concept VI  by Graftek-France is a family of image processing Virtual
  Instruments (VIs) that give LabVIEW 2 (described above) users high-end
  tools for designing, integrating and monitoring imaging control systems.
  A VI is a software file that looks and acts like a real laboratory
  instrument. Typical applications for Concept VI include thermography,
  surveillance, machine vision, production testing, biomedical imaging,
  electronic microscopy and remote sensing.

  Ultimage Concept VI addresses applications which require further
  qualitative and quantitative analysis.  It includes a complete set of
  functions for image enhancement, histogram equalization, spatial and
  frequency filtering, isolation of features, thresholding, mathematical
  morphology analysis, density measurement, object counting, sizing and
  characterization.

  The program loads images with a minimum resolution of 64 by 64, a pixel
  depth of 8, 16, or 32 bits, and one image plane.  Standard input and
  output formats include PICT, TIFF, SATIE, and AIPD.  Other formats can
  be imported.

  Image enhancement features include lookup table transformations, spatial
  linear and non-linear filters, frequency filtering, arithmetic and logic
  operations, and geometric transformations, among others.  Morphological
  transformations include erosion, dilation, opening, closing, hole
  removal, object separation, and extraction of skeletons, among others.
  Quantitative analysis provides for objects' detection, measurement, and
  morphological distribution.  Measures include area, perimeter, center of
  gravity, moment of inertia, orientation, length of relevant chords, and
  shape factors and equivalence.  Measures are saved in ASCII format.  The
  program also provides for macro scripting and integration of custom
  modules.

  A 3-D view command plots a perspective data graph where image intensity
  is depicted as mountains or valleys in the plot.  The histogram tool can
  be plotted with either a linear or logarithmic scale. The twenty-eight
  arithmetic and logical operations provide for: masking and averaging
  sections of images, noise removal, making comparisons, etc.  There are
  13 spatial filters that alter pixel intensities based on local
  intensity.  These include high-pass filters for contrast and outlines.
  The frequency data resulting from FFT analysis can be displayed as
  either the (real , imaginary ) components or the (phase, magnitude)
  data.  The morphological transformations are useful for data sharpening
  and defining objects or for removing artifacts.

  The transformations include: thresholding, eroding, dilating and even
  hole filling.

  The program's quantitative analysis measurements include: area,
  perimeter, center of mass, object counts, and angle between points.

  GTFS, Inc. 2455 Bennett Valley Road #100C Santa Rosa, CA 95494
  707-579-1733

IPLab Spectrum
--------------
  IPLAB Spectrum supports image processing and analysis but lacks the
  morphology and quantitative analysis features provided by
  Graftek-FranceUs Ultimage Concept VI.  Using scripting tools, the user
  tells the system the operations to be performed. The problem is that far
  too many basic operations require manual intervention. The tool
  supports: FFTs, 16 arithmetic operations for pixel alteration, and a
  movie command for cycling through windows.


Macintosh-based tools
=====================

NCSA Image, NCSA PalEdit and more
---------------------------------
  NCSA provides a whole suite of public-domain visualization tools for the
  Macintosh, primarily aimed at researchers wanting to visualize results
  from numerical modelling calculations.  These applications,
  documentation, and source code are available for anonymous ftp from
  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu. Commercial versions of the NCSA programs have been
  developed by Spyglass.

  Spyglass, Inc. 701 Devonshire Drive Champaign, IL  61820 (217) 355-6000
  fax: 217 355 8925

NIH IMAGE
---------
  Available at alw.nih.gov (128.231.128.7) or (preferably)
  zippy.nimh.nih.gov [128.231.98.32], directory:/pub/image.
  It has painting and image manipulation tools, a macro language,
  tools for measuring areas, distances and angles, and for counting
  things. Using a frame grabber card, it can record sequences of
  images to be played back as a movie. It can invoke user-defined
  convolution matrix filters, such as Gaussian. It can import raw
  data in tab-delimited ASCII, or as 1 or 2-byte quantities. It also
  does histograms and even 3-D plots. It is limited to 8-bits/pixel,
  though the 8 bits map into a color lookup table. It runs on any Mac
  that has a 256-color screen and a FPU (or get the NonFPU version
  from zippy.nimh.nih.gov)

PhotoMac
--------
  Data Translation, Inc. 100 Locke Dr. Marlboro, MA 01752 508-481-3700

PhotoPress
----------
  Blue Solutions 3039 Marigold Place Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 805-492-9973

PixelTools and TCL-Image
------------------------
  "Complete family of PixelTools (hardware accelerator and applications
  software) for scientific image processing and analysis.  Video-rate
  capture, display, processing, and analysis of high-resolution
  monochromatic and color images.  Includes C source code."

TCL-Image:
  "Software package for scientific, quantitative image processing and
  analysis. It provides a complete language for the capture, enhancement,
  and extraction of quantitative information from gray-scale images.
  TCL_Image has over 200 functions for image processing, and contains the
  other elements needed in a full programming language for algorithm
  development -- variables and control structures.  It is easily
  extensible through "script" (or indirect command) files. These script
  files are simply text files that contain TCL-Image commands.  They are
  executed as normal commands and include the ability to pass parameters.
  The direct capture of video images is supported via popular frame
  grabber boards.  TCL-Image comes with the I-View utility that provides
  conversion between common image file types, such as PICT2 and TIFF."

  Perceptics 725 Pellissippi Parkway Knoxville, TN 37933 615-966-9200

Satellite Image Workshop
------------------------
  It comes with a number of satellite pictures (raw data) and does all
  sorts of image enhancing on it. You'll need at least a Mac II with co-
  processor; a 256 color display and a large harddisk. The program doesn't
  run under system 7.x.ATE1 V1

  In the documentation the contact address is given as:  Liz Smith, Jet
  Propulsion Laboratory, MS 300-323, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,.Pasadena, CA 91109
  (818) 354-6980

Visualization Workbench
-----------------------
  "An electronic imaging software system that performs interactive image
  analysis and scientific 2D and 3D plotting."

  Paragon Imagine 171 Lincoln St. Lowell, MA 01852 508-441-2112

Adobe Photoshop
---------------

  The tool supports Rtrue colorS with 24-bit images or 256 levels of grey
  scale.  Once an image has been imported it can be Rre-touchedS with
  various editing tools typical of those used in Macintosh-based RpaintS
  applications.  These include an eraser, pencil, brush and air brush.
  Advanced RpasteS tools that control the interaction between a pasted
  selection and the receiving site have also been incorporated.  For
  example, all red pixels in a selection can easily be preventing from
  being pasted. Photoshop has transparencies ranging from 0 to 100%,
  allowing you to create ghost overlays.  RPhoto-editingS tools include
  control of the brightness and contrast, color balancing, hue/saturation
  modification and spectrum equalization.  Images can be subjected to
  various signal processing algorithms to smooth or sharpen the image,
  blur edges, or locate edges.  Image scaling is also supported.

  For storage savings, the images can be compressed using standard
  algorithms, including externally supplied compression such as JPEG,
  availlable from Storm Technologies. The latest version of Adobe
  Photoshop supports the import of numerous image formats including: EPSF,
  EPSF, TIFF, PICT resource, Amiga IFF/ILBM, CompuServe GIF, MacPaint,
  PIXAR, PixelPaint, Scitex CT, TGA and ThunderScan..

  Adobe Systems, Inc. 1585 Charlestown Road PO Box 7900 Mountain View, CA
  94039-7900 415-961-4400

ColorStudio and ImageStudio
---------------------------
  ColorStudio is an image-editing and paint package from Letraset that has
  more features than Adobe Photoshop but is decidedly more complex and
  therefore more difficult to use.  Several steps are often required to
  accomplish that which can be done in a single step using Photoshop.  The
  application requires a great deal of available disk space as one can
  easily end up with images in the 30 MB range.  The program provides a
  variety of powerful selection tools including the "auto selection tool"
  which lets the user choose image areas on the basis of color, close
  hues, color range and mask.

ImageStudio: Don't know...

  Letraset USA 40 Eisenhower Drive Paramus, NJ 07653 201-845-6100

Dapple Systems
--------------
  "High resolution image analysis software provides processing tools to
  work with multiple images, enhance and edit, and measure a variety of
  global or feature parameters, and interpret the data."

  Dapple Systems, 355 W. Olive Ave, #100 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-733-3283

Digital Darkroom
----------------
  The latest release of Digital Darkroom has five new selection and
  editing tools for enhancing images. One such feature allows the user to
  select part of an image simply by "painting" it. A new polyline
  selection tool creates a selection tool for single pixel wide
  selections.  A brush lets the operator "paint" with a selected portion
  of the image. Note that this is not a true color image enhancement tool.
  This tool should be used when the user intends to operate in grey-scale
  images only.  It should be noted that Digital Darkroom is not as
  powerful as either Adobe Photoshop or ColorStudio.

  Silicon Beach Software 9770 Carroll Ctr. Rd., Suite J San Diego, CA
  92126 619-695-6956

Dimple
------
  It  is compatible with system 6.05 and system 7.0 , requires Mac LC or
  II series with 256 colours, with a recommended min of 6Mb of ram. It has
  the capability of reading Erdas files. Functions include; image
  enhancement, 3D and contour plots, image statistics, supervised and
  unsupervised classification, PCA and other image transformations. There
  is also a means (Image Operation Language or IOL) by which you can write
  your own transformations. There is no image rectification, however
  Dimple is compatable with MAPII. The latest version is 1.4 and it is in
  the beta stage of testing. Dimple was initially developed as a teaching
  tool and it is very good for this purpose."

  "Dimple  runs on a colour Macintosh.  It is a product still in its
  development phase.. i.e. it doesn't have all the inbuilt features of
  other packages, but is coming along nicely.  It has its own inbuilt
  language for writing "programs" for processing an image, defining
  convolution filters etc. Dimple is a full mac application with pull down
  menus etc... It is unprotected software."

  Process Software Solutions, PO Box 2110, Wollongong, New South Wales,
  Australia. 2500. Phone 61 42 261757  Fax 61 42 264190.

Enhance
-------
  Enhance has a RrulerS tool that supports measurements and additionally
  provides angle data. The tool has over 80 mathematical filter
  variations: "Laplacian, medium noise filter", etc.  Files can be saved
  as either TIFF, PICT, EPSF or text (however EPSF files can't be imported).

  MicroFrontier 7650 Hickman Road Des Moines, IA  50322 515-270-8109

Image Analyst
-------------
  An image processing product for users who need to extract quantitative
  data from video images.  Image Analyst lets users configure
  sophisticated image processing and measurement routines without the
  necessity of knowing a programming language.  It is designed for such
  tasks at computing number and size of cells in images projected by video
  cameras attached to microscopes, or enhancing and measuring distances in
  radiographs.

  Image Analyst provides users with an array of field-proven video
  analysis techniques that enable them to easily assemble a sequence of
  instructions to enhance feature appearance; count objects; determine
  density, shape, size, position, or movement; perform object feature
  extraction; and conduct textural analysis automatically.  Image Analyst
  works with either a framegrabber board and any standard video camera, or
  a disk-stored image.

  Within minutes, without the need for programming, the Image Analyst user
  can set up a process to identify and analyze any element of a image.
  Measurements and statistics can be automatically or semi-automatically
  generated from TIFF or PICT files or from captured video tape images.
  Image Analyst recognizes items in images based on their size, shape and
  position.  The tool provides direct support for the Data Translation and
  Scion frame grabbers. A menu command allows for image capture from a VCR
  video camera or other NTSC or PAL devices.

  There are 2 types of files, the image itself and the related Sequence
  file that holds the processing, measurements and analysis that the user
  defines.  Automated sequences are set up in Regions Of Interest (ROI)
  represented by movable, sizable boxes atop the image.  Inside a ROI, the
  program can find the distance between two edges, the area of a shape,
  the thickness of a wall, etc.  Image Analyst finds the center, edge and
  other positions automatically. The application also provides tools so
  that the user can work interactively to find the edge of object. It also
  supports histograms and a color look-up table (CLUT) tool.

  Automatix, Inc. 775 Middlesex Turnpike Billerica, MA 01821 508-667-7900

IPLab
-----
  Signal Analytics Corp. 374 Maple Ave. E Vienna, VA  22180 703-281-3277
  FAX 703-281-2509

  "Menu-driven image processing software that supports 24-bit color or
  pseudocolor/grayscale image display and manipulation."

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II distributed by John Wiley has
  integrated image analysis.

IMAGE
-----
  from Stanford : Try anonymous ftp from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
  It has pd source for image v2, and ready to run code for a mac under
  image v3.



Windows/DOS PC-based tools
==========================

CCD
---
  Richard Berry's CCD imaging book for Willamon-Bell contains (optional?)
  disks with image manipulating software.  Source code is included.

ERDAS
-----
  "ERDAS will do all of the things you want:  rectification,
  classification, transformations (canned & user-defined), overlays,
  filters, contrast enhancement, etc. ... I was using it on my thesis &
  then changed the topic a bit & that work became secondary."

  ERDAS, Inc. 2801 Buford Highway Suite 300 Atlanta, GA 30329 404-248-9000
  FAX   404-248-9400

RSVGA
-----
  "I have been getting up to speed on a program called RSVGA available from
  Eidetic Digital Image Ltd. in British Columbia.  Its for IBM PC's or
  clones, cheap (about $400) and does all the stuff Erdas does but is not
  as fast or as powerful, though I have had only limited experience with
  Erdas.  I have used RSVGA with 6 of 7 Landsat bands and it is a good
  starter program except for the obtuse manual"

IMAGINE-32
----------
  It's a 32 bit package [I suppose for PCs] called "Imagine32"
  or "Image32" The program does a modest amount of image processing --add,
  subtract, multiply, divide, display, and plot an x or y cut across the image.
  It can also display a number of images simultaneously.
  The company is CompuScope, in Santa Barbara, CA. 

PC Vista
--------
  It was announced in the 1989 August edition of PASP.  It is known to
  be available from Mike Richmond, whose email addresses have been

	richmond@bllac.berkeley.edu
	richmond@bkyast.berkeley.edu

  and his s-mail address is:

  Michael Richmond,Astronomy Department, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720

  The latest version of PC-Vista, version 1.7, includes not only the source
  code and help files, but also a complete set of executable programs and
  a number of sample FITS images. If you do wish to use the source code,
  you will need Microsoft C, version 5.0 or later; other compilers may work,
  but will require substantial modifications.

  To receive the documentation and nine double-density (360K) floppies
  (or three quad-density 3-1/2 inch floppies (1.44M) with everything on them,
  just send a request for PC-Vista, together with your name and a US-Mail
  address, to 

	Office of Technology Licensing
	2150 Shattuck Ave., Suite 510
	Berkeley, Ca. 94704

  Include a check (Traveller's Checks are fine) or purchase order for $150.00
  in U.S. dollars, if your address is inside the continental U.S., or $165.00
  otherwise, made out to Regents of the University of California
  to cover duplication and mailing costs.


SOFTWARE TOOLS
--------------
  It's a set of software "tools" put out by Canyon State
  Systems and Software. They are not free, but rather cheap at about $30 I
  heard. It will handle most all of the formats used by frame grabber
  software. 

MIRAGE
------
  It's image processing software written by Jim Gunn at the
  Astrophysics Dept at Princeton. It will run on a PC among other platforms.
  It is a Forth based system - i.e. a Forth language with many image
  processing displaying functions built in. 

DATA TRANSLATION SOURCE BOOK
----------------------------
  The Data Translation company in Massachusetts publishes a free book
  containing vendors of data analysis hardware and software which is
  compatible with Data Translation and other frame grabbers.
  Surely you can find much more PC-related stuff in it.

MAXEN386
--------
  A couple of Canadians have written a program named MAXEN386 which does
  maximum entropy image deconvolution. Their company is named Digital
  Signal Processing Software, or something like that, and the software is
  mentioned in an article in Astronomy Magazine, either Jan or Feb 92
  (an article on CCD's vs film). 

JANDEL SCIENTIFIC (JAVA)
------------------------
  Another software package (JAVA) is put out by Jandel Scientific. 
  Jandel Scientific, 65 Koch Road, Corte Madera, CA 94925, (415) 924-8640,
  (800) 874-1888.

Microbrian
----------
  Runs on an MS dos platform and uses a 32 bit graphics card
  (Vista), or an about to be released version will support a number of
  super VGA cards.  Its a full blown remote sensed data processing
  system.. It is menu driven (character based screen), but is does not use
  a windowed user interface. Its is hardware protected with a dongle.
  Mbrian = micro Barrier reef Image Anaysis System. It was developed by
  CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Organization) and is
  marketed/ supported by:

  MPA Australia (51 Lusher Road, Croydon, Victoria
  tel + 61 3 724 4488     fax  +61 3 724 4455)

  There are educational and commercial prices, but be prepared to set
  aside $A10k for the first educational licence.  Subsequent ones come
  cheaper (they need to!) It has installed sites worldwide.  It is widely
  used at ANU.

MicroImage
----------
  The remote sensing lab here at Dartmouth currently uses Terra-Mar's
  MicroImage, on 486 PCs with some fancy display hardware.

  Terra-Mar Resource Information Services, Inc.

  1937 Landings Drive Mountain View, CA  94043 415-964-6900   FAX
  415-964-5430

Unix-based tools
================

IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility)
--------------------------------------------
  Developed in the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Kitt Peak AZ
  It is free, you can ftp it from tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1]
  and complement it with STSDAS from stsci.edu [130.167.1.2].
  Email to iraf@noao.edu for more details.
  Apparently this is one of the _de facto_ standards in the astronomical
  image community. They issue a newsletter also.
  They seem to support very well their users. Works with VMS also last
  I heard, and practically has its own shell on top of the VMS/Unix shells.

  It's suggested that you get a copy of saoimage for display under X windows.
  Very flexible/extendable  -- tons (literally 3 linear feet) of
  documentation for the general user, skilled user, and programmer.

ALV
---
  A Sun-specific image toolkit.  Version 2.0.6 posted to
  comp.sources.sun on 11dec89.  Also available via email to
  alv-users-request@cs.bris.ac.uk.

AIPS
----
  Astronomical Image Processing System.  Contact: aipsmail@nrao.edu
  (also see the UseNet Newsgroups alt.sci.astro.aips and sci.astro.fits)
  Built by NRAO (National Radio Astronomy Observatory, HQ in Charlottesville,
  VA, sites in NM, AZ, WV).  Software distributed by 9-track, Exabyte, DAT,
  or (non-anonymous) internet ftp.  Documentation (PostScript mostly)
  available via anonymous ftp to baboon.cv.nrao.edu (192.33.115.103),
  directory pub/aips and pub/aips/TEXT/PUBL.  Installation requires building
  the system and thus a Fortran and C compiler.
     This package can read and write FITS data (see sci.astro.fits), and is
  primarily for reduction, analysis, and image enhancement of Radio Astronomy
  data from radio telescopes, particularly the Very Large Array (VLA), a
  synthesis instrument.  It consists of almost 300 programs that do everything
  from copying data to sophisticated deconvolution, e.g. via maximum entropy.
  There is an X11-based Image tool (XAS) and a tek-compatible xterm-based
  graphics tool built into AIPS.  The XAS tool is modelled after the hardware
  functionality of the International Imaging Systems model 70 display unit and
  can do image arithmetic, etc.
    The code is mostly Fortran 77 with some system C language modules, and is
  available for Suns, IBM RS/6000, Dec/Ultrix, Convex, Cray (Unicos), and
  Alliant with support planned for HP-9000/7xx, Solaris 2.1, and maybe SGI.
     There is currently a project - "AIPS++" - underway to rewrite the
  algorithmic functionality of AIPS in a modern setting, using C++ and an
  object oriented approach.  Whereas AIPS is proprietary code (licensed for
  free to non-profit institutions) owner by NRAO and the NSF, AIPS++ will be
  in the public domain at some level, as it is an international effort with
  contributions from the US, Canada, England, the Netherlands, India, and
  Australia to name a few. 

LABOimage
---------
  (version 4.0 is out for X11) It's written in C, and currently
  runs on Sun 3/xxx, Sun 4/xxx (OS3.5, 4.0 and 4.0.3) under SunView.
  The expert system for image segmentation is written in Allegro Common Lisp.
  It was used on the following domains: computer science (image analysis), 
  medicine, biology, physics. It is distributed free of charge (source code).
  Available via anonymous FTP at ftp.ads.com (128.229.30.16), in
  pub/VISION-LIST-ARCHIVE/SHAREWARE/LaboImage_*

  Contact: Prof. Thierry Pun, Computer Vision Group Computing Science Center,
  U-Geneva 12, rue du Lac, CH-1207 Geneva SWITZERLAND
  Phone : +41(22) 787 65 82; fax: +41(22) 735 39 05
  E-mail: pun@cui.unige.ch  or pun@cgeuge51.bitnet


Figaro
------
  It was originally made for VMS, and can be obtained from
  Keith Shortridge in Australia (ks@aaoepp.aao.gov.au)
  and for Unix from Sam Southard at Caltech (sns@deimos.caltech.edu).
  It's about 110Mbytes on a Sun.

KHOROS
------
  Moved to the Scientific  Visualization category below

Vista
-----
  The "real thing" is available via anonymous ftp from lowell.edu. Email to
  vista@lowell.edu for more details. Total size less than 20Mbytes.

DISIMP
------
  (Device Independent Software for Image Processing) is a powerful
  system providing both user friendliness and high functionality in
  interactive times.

  Feature Description

  DISIMP incorporates a rich library of image processing utilities and
  spatial data options. All functions can be easily accessed via the
  DISIMP executive. This menu is modular in design and groups image
  processes by their function. Such a logical structure means that
  complicated processes are simply a progression through a series of
  modules.

  Processes include image rectification, classification (unsupervised and
  supervised), intensity transformations, three dimensional display and
  Principal Component Analysis. DISIMP also supports the more simple and
  effective enhancement techniques of filtering, band subtraction and
  ratioing.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Running on UNIX workstations, DISIMP is capable of processing the more
  computational intensive techniques in interactive processing times.
  DISIMP is available in both Runtime and Programmer's environments. Using
  the Programmers environment, utilities can be developed for specific
  applications programs.

  Graphics are governed by an icon-based Display Panel which allows quick
  enhancments of a displayed image. Manipulations of Look Up Tables,
  colour stretches, changes to histograms, zooming and panning can be
  interactively driven through this control.

  A range of geographic projections enables DISIMP to integrate data of
  image, graphic and textual types. Images can be rectified by a number of
  coordinate systems, providing the true geographic knowledge essential
  for ground truthing. Overlays of grids, text and vector data can be
  added to further enhance referenced imagery.

  The system is a flexible package allowing users of various skill levels
  to determine their own working environment, including the amount of help
  required. DISIMP comes fully configured with no optional extras. The
  purchase price includes all functionality required for professional
  processing of remote sensed data.

  For further information, please contact:

  The Business Manager, CLOUGH Engineering Group Systems Division, 627
  Chapel Street, South Yarra, Australia 3141. Telephone:  +61 3 825 5555
  Fax:  +61 3 826 6463

Global Imaging Software
-----------------------
  "We use Global Imaging Software to process AVHRR data, from the dish to
  the final display. Select a chunk of five band data from a pass,
  automatic navigation, calibrate it to Albedo and Temp, convert that to
  byte, register it to predesigned window, all relatively automatically
  and carefree.

  It has no classification routines to speak of, but it isn't that
  difficult to write your own with their programmer's module.

  Very small operation: one designs, one codes, one sells. Been around for
  a number of years, sold to Weather Service and Navy.  Runs on HP9000
  with HP-UX.  Supports 24-bit display"

HIPS
----
(Human   Information   Processing Laboratory's Image Processing System)

  Michael Landy co-wrote and sell a general-purpose package for image
  processing which has been used for basically all the usual image
  processing applications (robotics, medical, satellite, engineering, oil
  exploration, etc.).  It is called HIPS, and deals with sequences of
  multiband images in the same way it deals with single images.  It has
  been growing since we first wrote it, both by additions from us as well
  as a huge user-contributed library.

  Feature description

  HIPS  is  a  set  of  image  processing  modules  which together provide
  a  powerful  suite  of  tools  for  those interested in research,
  system  development  and  teaching. It  handles  sequences  of  images
  (movies)  in precisely the same manner as single frames.

  Programs and subroutines have been developed  for simple image
  transformations, filtering, convolution, Fourier and other transform
  processing, edge detection  and line  drawing   manipulation, digital
  image compression and transmission  methods, noise generation, and image
  statistics computation. Over 150 such  image transformation programs
  have been developed.  As a result, almost any image processing  task
  can be performed quickly and conveniently. Additionally, HIPS allows
  users to easily integrate  their  own custom  routines.   New users
  become effective using HIPS on their first day.

  HIPS features images that are  self-documenting.   Each image stored  in
  the  system  contains  a  history  of the transformations that have been
  applied to that image.   HIPS includes  a  small  set of subroutines
  which primarily deals with a standardized  image sequence  header,  and
  a  large library  of  image  transformation tools in the form of UNIX
  ``filters''.  It comes complete with source  code,  on-line manual
  pages, and on-line documentation.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Originally  developed at  New  York  University,  HIPS  now represents
  one of the most extensive and flexible vision and image  processing
  environments currently available.  It runs under the UNIX operating
  system.  It is modular  and  flexible, provides automatic documentation
  of its actions, and is almost entirely independent of special equipment.
  HIPS is now in use on a variety of computers including Vax and
  Microvax, Sun, Apollo,  Masscomp,  NCR Tower, Iris, IBM AT, etc.
  For image display and input, drivers are supplied for the Grinnell and
  Adage (Ikonas) image processors, and the Sun-2, Sun-3, Sun- 4, and
  Sun-386i consoles.  We also  supply  user-contributed drivers  for  a
  number of  other framestores and windowing packages (Sun gfx, Sun
  console, Matrox VIP-1024, ITI IP-512, Lexidata,  Macintosh II, X
  windowing system, and Iris).  The Hipsaddon package includes an
  interface  for the  CRS-4000. It  is  a  simple matter to interface HIPS
  with other frame- stores, and we can put interested users in touch with
  users who  have interfaced HIPS with the Arlunya and Datacube Max-
  Video. HIPS can be easily adapted for other  image  display devices
  because 98% of HIPS is machine independent.

  Availability

  HIPS has proven itself a highly flexible  system,  both as  an
  interactive  research tool, and for more production- oriented tasks. It
  is both easy to use, and quickly adapted and extended to new uses. HIPS
  is supplied on magnetic tape in UNIX tar format (either reel- to-reel or
  Sun  cartridge), and comes with source code, libraries, a library of
  convolu- tion masks, and on-line documentation and manual pages.

  Michael Landy SharpImage Software P.O. Box 373, Prince Street Station
  New York, NY   10012-0007 Voice:  (212) 998-7857 Fax: (212) 995-4011
  msl@cns.nyu.edu


MIRA
----
[ Please DON'T confuse that with the Thalmanns animation system from
  Montreal. These are altogether different beasts! - nfotis ]

  MIRA stands for Microcomputer Image Reduction and Analysis.  MIRA gives
  workstation level performance on 386/486 DOS computers using SVGA cards in
  256 color modes up to 1024x768. MIRA contains a very handsome/functional
  GUI which is mouse and keystroke operated. MIRA reads/writes TIFF and FITS
  formats, native formats of a number of CCD cameras, and uncompressed binary
  images in byte, short integer, and 4-byte real pixel format in 1- or 2-
  dimensions. The result of an image processing operation can be short integer
  or real pixels, or the same as that of the input image. MIRA does the
  operation using short or floating point arithmetic to maintain the precision
  and accuracy of the pixel format. Over 100 functions are hand-coded in
  assembly language for maximum speed on the Intel hardware.  The entire
  graphical interface is also written in assembly language to maximize
  the speed of windowing operations.  Windows for 2-d image and 1-d image/data
  display and analysis have dedicated cursors which read position and value
  value in real time as you move the mouse.  There are also smooth, real time
  contrast and brightness stretch and panning of a magnified portion of
  the displayed image(s), all operated by the mouse. A wide selection of
  grayscale, pseudocolor, and random palettes is provided, and other 
  palettes can be generated.


Supported functions include such niceties as the following:

o  image & image: + - / * interpolation
o  image & constant: + - / *
o  unary operations: abs value, polynomial of pixel value, chs, 1/x, log,
   byteswap, clip values at upper/lower limits, short->real or real->short.
o  combine images by mean, median, mode, or sum of pixel values, with or
   without autoscaling to mean, median, or mode of an image section.
o  convolutions/filters: Laplacian, Sobel edge operator, directional gradient,
   line, Gaussian, elliptical and rectangular equal weight filters, unsharp
   masking, median filters, user defined filter kernel.  Ellipse, rectangle,
   line, gradient, Gaussian, and user defined filters can be rotated to
   any specified angle.
o  CCD data reduction: flat fielding, dark subtraction, column over/underscan
   bias removal, remove bad pixels and column defects, normalize to
   region target mean, median, or modal value.
o  create subimage, mosaic m x n 1-d or 2-d images to get larger image,
   collapse 2-d image into 1-d image.
o  plot 1-d section or collapsed section of 2-d image, plot histogram of
   region of an image.
o  review/change image information/header data, rename keywords, plot
   keyword values for a set of images.
o  luminance/photometry: elliptical or circular aperture photometry,
   brightness profile, isophotal photometry between set of upper & lower
   luminances, area and luminance inside traced polygon. Interactive
   background fitting and removal from part or all of image, fit elliptical
   aperture shape to image isophotes. 
o  interactive with 2-d image: contrast/brightness, x- y- or diagonal plot
   of pixel values, distance between two points, compute region stats,`
   centroid, pan to x,y location or image center, zoom 1/16 to 10 times,
   change cursor to rectangle crosshair, full image crosshair, or off, and
   adjust cursor size on image. Select linear, log or gamma transfer function
   or histogram equalization.
o  interactive or specified image offset computation and re-sampling for
   registration.
o  interactive with 1-d image: zoom in x- y- or both in steps of 1/2 or
   2 times current, re-center plot, or enlarge a framed area. 4 plot buffers
   can be cycled through. Interactive data analysis: polynomial fitting,
   point deletion, undelete, change value, point weighting, linear and
   quadratic loess and binomial smoothing, revert to unit point weights
   or original data buffer, substitute results into data buffer for pass
   back to calling function. Dump data buffer (+ overlays and error bars)
   to file or printer.  Change to user specified coordinate system.
o  Tricolor image combination and display, hardcopy halftone printout to
   HP-PCL compatible printers (Laserjet, deskjet, etc.)
o  Documentation is over 300 pages in custom vinyl binder.

  Cost: 995 $USD/copy

  Available from:

  Axiom Research, Inc.
  Box 44162
  Tucson, AZ  85733
  (602) 791-2864  phone/fax.

  international marketing rep: Saguaro Scientific Corporation, Tucson, Arizona.

==========================================================================

End of Part 2 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38853
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (27 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 3/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part3
Last-modified: 1993/04/27


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 3/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 27 April 1993


11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
======================================================

DEMs (Digital Elevation Models)
-------------------------------
  DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) as well as other cartographic data
  [huge] is available from spectrum.xerox.com [192.70.225.78], /pub/map.

  Contact:
  Lee Moore -- Webster Research Center, Xerox Corp. --
  Voice: +1 (716) 422 2496
  Arpa, Internet:  Moore.Wbst128@Xerox.Com
[ Check also on ncgia.ucsb.edu (128.111.254.105), /pub/dems -- nfotis ]

  Many of these files are also available on CD-ROM selled by USGS:
  "1:2,000,000 scale  Digital Line Graph (DLG) Data". Contains datas
  for all 50 states. Price is about $28, call to or visit in offices
  in Menlo Park, in Reston, Virginia (800-USA-MAPS).

  The Data User Services Division of the Bureau of the Census also has
  data on CD-ROM (TSO standard format) that is derived from USGS
  1:100,000 map data. Call (301) 763-4100 for more info or they have
  a BBS at (301) 763-1568.

[ From Dr.Dobbs #198 March 1993: ]

      "The U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, in cooperation with their counterpart
agencies in CANADA, the U.K., and Australia, have released the Digital Chart
of the World (DCW). This chart consists of over 1.5 gigabytes of reasonable
quality vector data distributed on four CD-ROMS. .... includes coastlines,
rivers, roads, railrays, airports,cities, towns, spot elevations, and depths,
and over 100,000 place names."

It is ISO9660 compatible and only $200.00 available from:

U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 25286
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225

Digital Distribution Services
Energy, Mines, and Resources Canada
615 Booth Street
Ottawa, ON
K1A 0E9 Canada

Director General of Military Survey
(Survey 3)
Elmwood Avenue
Feltham, Middlesex
TW13 7AH United Kingdom

Director of Survey, Australian Army
Department of Defense
Campbell Park Offices (CP2-4-24)
Campbell ACT 2601 Australia


Fractal Landscape Generators
----------------------------

Public Domain:

  Many people have written fractal landscape generators. for example
  for the Mac some of these generators were written by
  pdbourke@ccu1.aukuni.ac.nz (Paul D. Bourke).
  Many of the programs are available from the FTP sites and mail
  archive servers. Check with Archie.

Commercial:

  Vista Pro 3.0 for the Amiga from Virtual Reality Labs -- list price
  is about $100. Their address is:
	VRL
	2341 Ganador court
	San Luis Obispo,
	CA 93401
	Telephone or FAX (805) 545-8515

  Scenery Animator (also for the Amiga) is of the same caliber with Vista Pro 2.
  Check with:
	Natural Graphics
	P.O. Box 1963
	Raklin, CA 95677
	Phone (916) 624-1436

  Don't forget to ask about companion programs and data disks/tapes.

  Vista Pro 3 has been ported to the PCs.


CIA World Map II
----------------
[  NOTE: this database is quite out of date, and not topologically structured.
  If you need a standard for world cartographic data, wait for the
  Digital Chart of the World. This 1:1M database has been produced from
  the Defense Mapping Agency's ONCs and will be available, together with
  searching and viewing software, on a number of CD-ROMs later this summer. ]

  Check into HANAUMA.STANFORD.EDU and UCSD.EDU (see ftp list above)
  The CIA database consists of coastlines, rivers and political boundaries
  in the form of line strokes. Also on hanauma.stanford.edu is a 720x360
  array of elevation data, containing one ieee floating point number for
  every half degree longitude and latitude.
 
  A program for decoding the database, mfil, can be found on the machine
  pi1.arc.umn.edu (137.66.130.11).
  There's another program, which reads a compressed CIA Data Bank file and
  builds a PHIGS hierachical structure. It uses a PHIGS extension known as
  polyline sets for performance, but you can use regular polylines. Ask
  Joe Stewart <joes@lpi.liant.com>.
  The raw data at Stanford require the vplot package to be able to view it.
  (was posted in comp.sources.unix). To be more exact, you'll have to
  compile just the libvplot routines, not the whole package.

NCAR data
---------
  NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) has many types of
  terrain  data, ranging from elevation datasets at
  various resolutions, to information about soil types, vegetation, etc.
  This data is not free -- they charge from $40 to $90 or more, depending
  on the data volume and media (exabyte tape, 3480 cartridge, 9-track tape,
  IBM PC floppy, and FTP transfer are all available).  Their data archive
  is mostly research oriented, not hobbyist oriented.  For more information,
  email to ilana@ncar.ucar.edu.

UNC data tapes with voxel data
--------------
  There are 2 "public domain" tapes with data for the comparison and
  testing of various volume rendering algorithms (mainly MRI and CT
  scans). These tapes are distributed by the SoftLab of UNC @ Chapel Hill.
  (softlab@cs.unc.edu)

  The data sets (volume I and II) are also available via anonymous FTP from
  omicron.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159] in pub/softlab/CHVRTD

NASA
----
  Many US agencies such as NASA publish CD-ROMs with many altimetry data
  from various space missions, eg. Viking for Mars, Magellan for Venus,
  etc. Especially for NASA, I would suggest to call the following
  address for more info:

     National Space Science Date Center
     Goddard Space Flight Center
     Greenbelt, Maryland 20771
     Telephone: (301) 286-6695
     Email address:  request@nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov

  The data catalog (*not* the data itself) is available online.
  Internet users can telnet to nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov (128.183.10.4) and log
  in as 'NODIS' (no password).

  You can also dial in at (301)-286-9000 (300, 1200, or 2400 baud, 8 bits,
  no parity, one stop). At the "Enter Number:" prompt, enter MD and
  carriage return. When the system responds "Call Complete," enter a few
  more carriage returns to get the "Username:" and log in as 'NODIS' (no
  password).

  NSSDCA is also an anonymous FTP site, but no comprehensive list of
  what's there is available at present.

Earth Sciences Data
-------------------

  There's a listing of anonymous FTP sites for earth science data, including
  imagery. This listing is called "Earth Sciences Resources on Internet",
  and you can get it via anonymous FTP from csn.org [128.138.213.21]
  in the directory COGS under the name "internet.resources.earth.sci"

  Some sites include:
  aurelie.soest.hawaii.edu [128.171.151.121]: pub/avhrr/images - AVHRR images
  ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM  - images from
        Magellan and Viking missions etc.
        pub/SPACE/Index contains a listing of files available in the whole
        archive (the index is about 200K by itself). There's also an
        e-mail server for the people without Internet access: send a letter
        to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov (or ames!archive-server). In the
        subject of your letter (or in the body), use commands like:

        send SPACE Index
        send SPACE SHUTTLE/ss01.23.91

        (Capitalization is important! Only text files are handled by the
        email server at present)

  vab02.larc.nasa.gov [128.155.23.47]: pub/gifs/misc/landsat -
	Landsat photos in GIF and JPEG format
[ It was shut down - nfotis; anyone has a copy of this archive?? ]

Others
------
  Daily values of river discharge, streamflow, and daily weather data is
  available from EarthInfo, 5541 Central Ave., Boulder CO  80301.  These
  disks are expensive, around $500, but there are quantity discounts.
  (303) 938-1788.

  Check vmd.cso.uiuc.edu [128.174.5.98], the wx directory carries
  data regarding surface analysis, weather radar, and sat view pics in
  GIF format (updated hourly)

  pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217] is the Space and Planetary Image Facility
  (located on the University of New Mexico campus) FTP server. It provides
  Anonymous FTP access to >150 CD-ROMS  with data/images.

  A disk with earthquake data, topography, gravity, geopolitical info
  is available from NGDC (National Geophysical Data Center), 325 Broadway,
  Boulder, CO  80303.  (303) 497-6958.

  EOSAT (at least in the US) now sells Landsat MSS data older than two years
  old for $200 per scene, and they have been talking about a similar deal
  for Landsat TM data. The MSS data are 4 bands, 80 meter resolution.

  Check out anonymous FTP to ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in
  UNIX/PolyView/alpha-shape for a tool that creates convex hulls
  alpha-shapes (a generalization of the convex hull) from 3D point sets.

  The GRIPS II (Gov. Raster Image Processing Software) CD-ROM
  is available from CD-ROM Inc. at 1-800-821-5245 for $49.
  Code for viewing ADRG (Arc Digitised Raster Graphics) files is
  available on the GRIPS II CD-ROM. The U.S. Army Engineer 
  Topographic Labs (Juan Perez) code is also available via FTP
  ( adrg.zip archive in  spectrum.xerox.com )

NRCC range data
---------------
  Rioux M., Cournoyer L. "The NRCC Three-Dimensional Image Data Files",
  Tech. Report, CNRC 29077, National Research Council Canada,
  Ottawa, Canada, 1988
  [ From what I understand, these data are from a laser range finder,
   and you can a copy for research purposes ]

==========================================================================

12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data
===================================

a. Cyberware Labs, Monterey, CA, manufactures a 3D color laser digitizer
  which can be used to model parts of, or a complete, human body.
  They run a service bureau also, so they can digitize models for you.

  Address:
    Cyberware Labs, Inc
    8 Harris Ct, Suite 3D
    Monterey, CA 93940
  Phone: (408)373-1441, Fax: (408)373-3582

b. Polhemus makes a 6D input device (actually a couple of models)
  that senses position (3D) and *orientation* (+3D) based on electromagnetic
  field interference.  This equipment is also incorporated in the
  VPL Dataglove.
  This hardware is also called ISOTRACK, from Keiser Aerospace.

Ascension Technology makes a similar 3D input device.
There is a company, Applied Sciences(?), that makes a 3D input
device (position only) based on speed of sound triangulation.

c. A company that specializes in digitizing is Viewpoint. You can ask
   for Viewpoint's _free_ 100 page catalog full of ready to 
   ship datasets from categories such as cars, anatomy, aircraft,sports,
   boats, trains, animals and others. Though these objects are
   quite expensive, the cataloge is nevertheless of interest for it
   has pictures of all the available objects in wireframe , polygon mesh.

  Contact:

  Viewpoint,
  870 West Center,
  Orem, Utah 84057
  ph# 801-224-2222
  fax# 801-224-2272
  1-800-DATASET

------

  Some addresses for companies that make digitizers:

  Ascension Technology
  Bird, Flock of Birds, Big Bird: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 527,
  Burlington, VT 05402
  Phone: (802) 655-7879, Fax: (802) 655-5904

  Polhemus Incorporated
  Digitizer: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 560, Hercules Dr.
  Colchester, Vt. 05446
  Tel: (802) 655-3159

  Logitech Inc.
  Red Baron, ultrasonic 6D mouse
  6506 Kaiser Dr.
  Freemont, CA 94555
  Tel: (415) 795-8500w

  Shooting Star Technology
  Mechanical Headtracker
  1921 Holdom Ave.
  Burnaby, B.C. Canada V5B 3W4
  Tel: (604) 298-8574
  Fax: (604) 298-8580

  Spaceball Technologies, Inc.
  Spaceball: 6d stationary input device
  600 Suffolk Street
  Lowell, MA, 01854
  Tel: (508) 970-0330 
  Fax: (508) 970-0199
  Tel in Mountain View: (415) 966-8123 

  Transfinite Systems 
  Gold Brick: PowerGlove for Macintosh
  P.O. Box N
  MIT Branch Post Office
  Cambridge, MA 02139-0903
  Tel: (617) 969-9570
  email: D2002@AppleLink.Apple.com

  VPL Research, Inc.
  EyePhone: head-mounted display
  DataGlove: glove/hand input device
  VPL Research Inc.
  950 Tower Lane
  14th Floor
  Foster City, CA 94404
  Tel: (415) 312-0200
  Fax: (415) 312-9356

  SimGraphics Engineering
  Flying Mouse: 6d input device
  1137 Huntington Rd. Suite A-1
  South Pasadena, CA 91030-4563
  (213) 255-0900

========================================================================

13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
=========================================

 First, check in the FTP places that are mentioned in the FAQ or in the FTP
list above.

24-bit scanning:
----------------
  Get a good 24-bit scanner, like Epson's. Suggested is an SCSI port for
  speed. Eric Haines had a suggestion in RT News, Volume 4, #3 :
  scan textures for wallpapers and floor coverings, etc. from doll
  house supplies.
  So you have a rather cheap way to scan patterns that don't have
  scaling troubles associated with real materials and scanning area.

Books with textures:
--------------------
  Find some houses/books/magazines that carry photographic material.
  Educorp, 1-619-536-9999, sells CD-ROMS with various imagery - also
  a wide variety of stock art is available.
  Stock art from big-name stock art houses, such as Comstock,
  UNIPHOTO, and Metro Image Base, is available.

  In Italy, there's a company called Belvedere that makes such books
  for the purpose of clipping their pages for inclusion in your
  graphics work. Their address is:
	Edition Belvedere Co. Ltd.,
	00196 Rome Italy,
	Piazzale Flaminio, 19
	Tel. (06) 360-44-88, Fax (06)  360-29-60

Texture Libraries:
------------------
a. Mannikin Sceptre Graphics announced TexTiles, a set of 256x256 24-bit
   textures. Initial shipments in 24-bit IFF (for Amigas), soon in 24-bit
   TIFF format. Algorithmically built for tiled surfaces. SRP is $40 / volume
   (each volume = 40 images @ 10 disks). Demo disks for $5 are available.

   Contact:
   Mannikin Sceptre Graphics
   1600 Indiana Ave.
   Winter Park, FL 32789
   Phone: (407) 384-9484
   FAX: (407) 647-7242

b. ESSENCE is a library of 65 (sixty-five) new algoritmic textures for Imagine
   by Impulse, Inc. These textures are FULLY compatible with the floating point
   versions of Imagine 2.0, Imagine 1.1, and even Turbo Silver.
   Written by Steve Worley.

   For more info contact:
   Essence Info
   Apex Software Publishing
   405 El Camino Real Suite 121
   Menlo Park CA 94025 USA

[ What about Texture City ?? ]

==========================================================================

14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
========================================

a. Ray-Tracing:
---------------

  I assume you have a general understanding of Computer Graphics. No? Then read
  some of the books that the FAQ contains. For Ray-Tracing, I would
  suggest:
   An Introduction to Ray Tracing, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press
     1989, ISBN 0-12-286160-4
  Note that I have not read the book, but I feel that you can't be wrong
  using his book. An errata list was posted in comp.graphics by Eric Haines
  (erich@eye.com)

There's a more concise reference also:

  Roman Kuchkuda , UNC @ Chapel Hill: "An Introduction to Ray Tracing", in
  "Theoretical Foundations for Computer Graphics and CAD", ed. R.A.E.Earnshaw,
  NATO AS, Vol. F-40., pp. 1039-1060. Printed by Springer-Verlag, 1988.

It contains code for a small, but fundamentally complete ray-tracer.

b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
--------------------------

A good reference is:

        _Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics_, David F. Rogers,
        McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985, pages 265-272 and 280-284.

c. Others:
----------
???
[ More info is needed -- nfotis ]

========================================================================

15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
================================================

a. Teapot ?
-----------

"Displays on Display" column of IEEE CG&A Jan '87 has the whole
story about origin of the Martin Newell's teapot. The article also has
the bezier patch model and a Pascal program to display the wireframe
model of the teapot.

IEEE CG&A Sep '87 in Jim Blinn's column "Jim Blinn's Corner" describes
an another way to model the teapot; Bezier curves with rotations for
example are used.

The OFF and SPD packages have these objects, so you're advised to get
them to avoid typing the data yourself.  The OFF data is triangles at
a specific resolution (around 8x8[x4 triangles] meshing per patch).
The SPD package provides the spline patch descriptions and performs a
tessellation at any specified resolution.

b. Space Shuttle ?
------------------

Tolis Lerios <tolis@nova.stanford.edu> has built a list of Space Shuttle
datafiles. Here's a summary (From his sci.space list):

model1:
A modified version of the newsgroup model (model2)

406 vertices (296 useful, i.e. referred to in the polygon descriptions.)
389 polygons (233 3-vertex, 146 4-vertex, 7 5-vertex, 3 6-vertex).
Payload doors non-existent.
Units: unknown.

Simon Marshall (S.Marshall@sequent.cc.hull.ac.uk) has a copy. He
said there is no proprietary information associated with it.

model2:
The newsgroup model, in OFF format. You can find it in

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au , file pub/off/objects/shuttle.geo
hanauma.stanford.edu ,  /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics/objects/shuttle.data

model3:
The triangles' model.

This model is stored in several files, each defining portions of the model.

Greg Henderson (henders@infonode.ingr.com) has a copy.  He did
not mention any restriction on the model's distribution.

model4:
The NASA model.

The file starts off with a header line containing three real numbers,
defining the offsets used by Lockheed in their simulations:

<x offset> <y offset> <z offset>

From then on, the file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions

3473 vertices.
2748 polygons (407 3-vertex, 2268 4-vertex, 33 5-vertex, 14 6-vertex,
 10 7-vertex, 8 8-vertex, 8 12-vertex, 2 13-vertex, 2 15-vertex,
 17 16-vertex, 2 17-vertex, 2 18-vertex, 3 19-vertex, 8 24-vertex).
Payload doors closed.
Units: inches.

Jon Berndt (jon@l14h11.jsc.nasa.gov) seems to be responsible for the model
Proprietary info: unknown

model5:
The old shuttle model.

The file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions.

104 vertices.
452 polygons (11 3-vertex, 41 4-vertex).
Payload doors open.
Units: meters.

We have been using this model at STAR Labs, Stanford University, for
some years now. Contact me (tolis@nova.stanford.edu) or my supervisor
Scott Williams (scott@star5.stanford.edu) if you want a copy.

========================================================================

16. Image annotation software
=============================

a. Touchup runs in Sunview and is pretty good.  It reads in
  rasterfiles, but even if your image isn't normally stored
  in rasterfile format you could use screendump to make it a
  rasterfile.

b. Idraw (part of Stanford's InterViews distribution) can handle some
  image formats in addition to being a MacDraw like tool.  I'm not
  sure exactly what they are.
  You can ftp the idraw's binary from interviews.stanford.edu.

c. Tgif is another MacDraw like tool that can handle X11 bitmap (xbm)
  and X11 pixmap (xpm) formats.  If the image you have is in formats
  other than xbm or xpm, you can get the pbmplus toolkit to convert
  things like gif or even some Macintosh formats to xpm.
  Tgif's sources are available in the pub directory on cs.ucla.edu
  (Version 2.12 of tgif at patchlevel 7 plus patch8 and patch9)

d. Use the editimage facility of KHOROS (see below).
  This is just one utility in the overall system- you can essentially do all
  your image processing and macdraw-type graphics using this package.

e. You might be able to get by with PBMPlus.  pbmtext gives you text output
  bitmaps which can be overlaid on top of your image.

f. 'ice' requires Sun hardware running OpenWindows 3.It's a PostScript-based
  graphical editor,and it's available for anonymous ftp from Internet host
  eo.soest.hawaii.edu (128.171.151.12). Requires Sun C++ 2.0 and
  two other locally developed packages, the LXT library (an Xlib-based
  toolkit) and a small C++ class library. All files (pub/ice.tar.Z,
  pub/lxt.tar.Z and pub/ldgoc++.tar.Z) are available in compressed
  tar format. pub/ice.tar.Z contains a README that gives installation
  instructions, as well as an extensive man page (ice.1).
  A statically-linked compressed executable pub/ice-sun4.Z for
  SPARC systems is also available for ftp.

  All software is the property of Columbia University and may not
  be redistributed without permission.

  ice means Image Composition Environment and it's an imaging tool that
  allows raster images to be combined with a wide variety of
  PostScript annotations in WYSIWYG fashion via X11 imaging
  routines and NeWS PostScript rasterizing.

g. Use ImageMagick to annotate an image from your X server.  Pick the 
  position of your text with the cursor and choose your font and pen 
  color from a pull-down menu.  ImageMagick can read and write many
  of the more popular image formats.  ImageMagick is available as
  export.lcs.mit.edu: contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z or at your nearest
  X11 archive.

========================================================================

17. Scientific visualization stuff
==================================

X Data Slice (xds)
-------------------
  Bundled with the X11 distribution from MIT,
  in the contrib directory. Available at ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50]
  (either as a source or binaries for various platforms).

National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Tool Suite
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Platforms: Unix Workstations (DEC, IBM, SGI, Sun)
           Apple MacIntosh
           Cray supercomputers

Availability: Now available.  Source code in the public domain.
              FTP from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

Contact: National Center for Supercomputing Applications
         Computing Applications Building
         605 E. Springfield Ave.
         Champaign, IL 61820

Cost: Free (zero dollars).

The suite includes tools for 2D image and 3D scene analysis and visualization.
The code is actively maintained and updated.

Spyglass
--------
  They sell commercial versions of the NCSA tools. Examples are:

	Spyglass Dicer (3D volumetric data analysis package)
		Platform: Mac

	Spyglass Transform (2D data analysis package)
		Platforms: Mac, SGI, Sun, DEC, HP, IBM

  Contact:
  Spyglass, Inc.
  P.O. Box 6388
  Champaign, IL  61826
  (217) 355-6000

KHOROS 1.0 Patch 5
------------------
  Available via anonymous ftp at pprg.eece.unm.edu (129.24.24.10).
  cd to /pub/khoros to see what is available. It is HUGE (> 100 MB), but good.
  Needs Unix and X11R4. Freely copied (NOT PD), complete with sources
  and docs. Very extensive and at its heart is visual programming.
  Khoros components include a visual programming language, code
  generators for extending the visual language and adding new application
  packages to the system, an interactive user interface editor, an
  interactive image display package, an extensive library of image and
  signal processing routines, and 2D/3D plotting packages.

  See comp.soft-sys.khoros on Usenet and the relative FAQ for more info....

  Contact:

  The Khoros Group
  Room 110 EECE Dept.
  University of New Mexico
  Albuquerque, NM 87131

  Email: khoros-request@chama.eece.unm.edu


MacPhase
--------
  Analysis & Visualization Application for the Macintosh.
  Operates on 1D and 2D data arrays. Import/Export several different file
  formats.  Several different plotting options such as gray scale,
  color raster, 3D Wire frame, 3D surface, contour, vector, line, and
  combinations.  FFTs, filtering, and other math functions, color look up
  editor, array calculator, etc. Shareware, available via anonymous ftp from
  sumex-aim.stanford.edu in the info-mac/app directory.
  For other information contact Doug Norton (e-mail: 74017.461@@compuserve.com)


IRIS Explorer
-------------
  It's an application creation system developed by Silicon
  Graphics that provides visualisation and analysis functionality for
  computational scientists, engineers and other scientists. The Explorer
  GUI allows users to build custom applications without having to write
  any, or a minimal amount of, traditonal code. Also, existing code can
  be easily integrated into the Explorer environment. Explorer currently
  is available now on SGI and Cray machines, but will become available on
  other platforms in time. [ Bundled with every new SGI machine, as far as
  I know]

  See comp.graphics.explorer or comp.sys.sgi for discussion of the package.

  There are also two FTP servers for related stuff, modules etc.:

  ftp.epcc.ed.ac.uk [129.215.56.29]
  swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] - mirror of the UK site

apE
---
  Back in the 'old good days', you could get apE for nearly free.
  Now has gone commercial and the following vendor supplies it:

  TaraVisual Corporation
  929 Harrison Avenue
  Columbus, Ohio 43215
  Tel: 1-800-458-8731 and (614) 291-2912
  Fax: (614) 291-2867

        Cost:
  $895 (plus tax); runtime version with a site-license for a single user
  (at a time), no limit on the number of machines in a cluster.
  $895 includes support/maintenance and upgrades.
  Source code more.  Additional user licenses $360.

  The name of the package has become apE III (TM).
  Khoros is very similar to apE on philosophy, as are AVS and Explorer.

AVS
---
See also:
        comp.graphics.avs

Platforms: CONVEX, CRAY, DEC, Evans & Sutherland, HP, IBM, Kubota,
Set Technologies, SGI, Stardent, SUN, Wavetracer
Availability: AVS4 available on all the above:
  For all UNIX workstations.

Contact:
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc.
  300 Fifth Ave.
  Waltham, MA    02154

  (617)-890-4300   Telephone
  (617)-890-8287   Fax
  avs@avs.com      Email

  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. for: CRAY, HP, IBM, SGI, Stardent, SUN
  CONVEX for CONVEX
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or CRAY for CRAY
  DEC for DEC
  Evans & Sutherland for Evans & Sutherland
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or IBM for IBM
  Kubota Pacific Inc. for Kubota
  Set Technologies for Set Technologies
  Wavetracer for Wavetracer

  FTP Site: for modules, data sets, other info:
	avs.ncsc.org (128.109.178.23)

WIT
---
  In a nutshell it's a package of the same genre as AVS,Explorer,etc.
  It seems more a image processing system than a generic SciVi system (IMHO)
  Major elements are:

  - a visual programming language, which automatically exploits the inherent
        parallelism
  - a code generator which converts the graph to a standalone program

  Iconified libraries present a rich set of point, filter, io, transform,
  morphological, segmentation, and measurement operations.
  A flow library allows graphs to employ broadcast, merge,
  synchronization, conditional, and sequencing control strategies.

  WIT delivers an object-oriented, distributed, visual programming
  environment which allows users to rapidly design solutions to their
  imaging problems. Users can consolidate both software and hardware
  developments within a complete CAD-like workspace by adding their
  own operators (C functions), objects (data structures), and servers
  (specialized hardware). WIT runs on Sun, HP9000/7xx, SGI and supports
  Datacube MV-20/200 hardware allowing you to run your graphs in real-time.

  For a free WIT demo disk, call, FAX, or e-mail (poon@ee.ubc.ca)
  us stating your complete name, address, voice, FAX, e-mail info.
  and desired platform.

  Pricing: WIT for Sparc, one yr. free upgrades, 30 days
  technical support....................$5000 US

  Academic institutions: discounts available


  Contact:
  Logical Vision Ltd.
  Suite 108-3700 Gilmore Way
  Burnaby, B.C., CANADA
  V5G 4M1
  Tel: 604-435-2587
  Fax: 604-435-8840

  Terry Arden <poon@ee.ubc.ca>

VIS-5D
------
  A system for visually exploring the output of 5-D gridded data sets
  such as those made by weather models. Platforms:

    SGI IRIS with VGX, GTX, TG, or G graphics,
    SGI Crimson or Indigo (R4000, Elan graphics suggested), IRIX 4.0.x
    IBM RS/6000 with GL graphics, AIX version 3 or later;
    Stardent GS-1000 and GS-2000 (with TrueColor display)

  In any case, 32 (or more) MB of RAM are suggested.

  You can get it freely (thanks to NASA support) via anonymous ftp:

 ftp iris.ssec.wisc.edu  (or ftp 144.92.108.63), then

  ftp> cd pub/vis5d
  ftp> ascii
  ftp> get README
  ftp> bye

 NOTE: You can find the package also on wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
 graphics/graphics/packages directory.

  Read section 2 of the README file for full instructions
  on how to get and install VIS-5D.

  Contact:
  Bill Hibbard (whibbard@vms.macc.wisc.edu)
  Brian Paul (bpaul@vms.macc.wisc.edu)

DATAexplorer (IBM)
------------------
  Platforms : IBM Risc System 6000, IBM POWER Visualization Server
        (SIMD mesh 32 i860s, 40 MHz)

  Working on (announced) : SGI, HP, Sun

  Contact:
  Your local IBM Rep.  For a trial package ask your rep to contact :

  David Kilgore
  Data Explorer Product Marketing
  YKTVMH(KILCORE), (708) 981-4510

Wavefront
---------
  Data Visualizer, Personal Visualizer, Advanced Visualizer.
  Platforms: SGI, SUN, IBM RS6000, HP, DEC

  Availability:
    Available on all the above platforms from Wavefront
    Technologies.  Educational programs and site licenses are
    available.

  Contacts:
    Mike Wilson (mike@wti.com)

    Wavefront Technologies, Inc.
    530 East Montecito Street
    Santa Barbara, CA 93103
    805-962-8117
    FAX: 805-963-0410

    Wavefront Europe
    Guldenspoorstraat 21-23
    B-9000 Gent, Belgium
    32-91-25-45-55
    FAX: 32-91-23-44-56

    Wavefront Technologies Japan
    17F Shinjuku-sumitomo Bldg
    2-6-1  Nishi-shinjuku, Shunjuku-Ku
    Tokyo 168 Japan
    81-3-3342-7330
   FAX 81-3-3342-7353


PLOT3D and FAST from NASA Ames
------------------------------
  These packages are distributed from COSMIC at least
  (for FAST ask Pat Elson <pelson@nas.nasa.gov> for
  distribution information). In general, these codes are for US
  citizens only :-(

XGRAPH
------
  On the contrib tape of X11R5. Its specialty is display of up
  to 64 data sets (2D).

NCAR
----
  National Center for Atmospheric Research. One of the original graphics
  packages. Runs on Sun, RS6000, SGI, VAX, Cray Y-MP, DecStations, and more.

  Contact:
	Graphics Information
	NCAR Scientific Computing Division
	P.O. Box 3000
	Boulder, CO   80307-3000
	(303)-497-1201
	scdinfo@ncar.ucar.edu

  Cost:
	.edu
	$750 Unlimited users

	.gov
	$750 1 user
	$1500 5 users
	$3000 25 users

	.com users multiply .gov * 2.0

IDL
---
  An environment for scientific computing and visualization.
  Based on an array oriented language, IDL includes 2D and 3D
  graphics, matrix manupulation, signal and image processing,
  basic statistics, gridding, mapping, and a widget based system
  for building GUI for IDL applications (Open Look, Motif, or
  MS-Windows).

  Environments:  DEC (VMS and Ultrix), HP, IBM RS6000, SGI, Sun,
          Microsoft Windows.  (Mac version in progress)
  Cost:  $1500 to $3750, Educational and quantity discounts
          available.
  See also:   comp.lang.idl-pvwave (the IDL-PVWAVE bundle)
  Contact:    Research Systems Inc.
              777 29th Street, Suite 302
              Boulder, CO  80303
              Phone:  303-786-9900
              FAX:    303-786-9909
              E-mail: info@rsinc.com
  Demo available via FTP.  Call or E-mail for details.

IDL/SIPS
--------
  "A lot of people are using IDL with a package called SIPS. This was
  developed at the University of Colorado (Boulder) by some people working
  for Alex Goetz.  You might try contacting them if you already have IDL
  or would be willing to buy it.  It's a few thousand dollars (American) I
  expect for IDL and the other should be free.  Those are the general
  purpose packages I've heard of, besides what TerraMar has.
  SIPS _was_ written for AVIRIS imagery.  I'm not sure how general purpose
  it is.  You would have to contact Goetz or one of his people and ask.  I
  have another piece of software (PCW) that does PC and Walsh
  transformations with pseudocoloring and clustering and limited image
  modification (you can compute an image using selected components).  I've
  used it on 70 megabyte AVIRIS images without problems, but for the best
  speed you need an external DSP card.  It will work without it, but large
  images take quite a while (50-70 times as long) to process.  That's a
  freebie if you want it"

  "My  favorite is IDL (Interactive Data Language) from Research Systems,
  Inc.  IDL is in my opinion, much better and infinitely easier. Its
  programming language is very strong and easy -- very Pascal-like. It
  handles the number-crunching very well, also. Personally, I like doing
  the number-crunching with IDL on the VAX (or Mathematica, Igor, or even
  Excel on the Mac if it's not too hairy), then bringing it over to NIH
  Image for the imaging part. I have yet to encounter any situation which
  that combination couldn't handle, and the speed and ease of use
  (compared to IRAF) was incredible. By the way, it's mostly astronomical
  image processing which I've been doing. This means image enhancement,
  cleaning up bad lines/pixels, and some other traditional image
  processing routines. Then, for example, taking a graph of intensity
  versus position along a line I choose with the mouse, then doing a curve
  fit to that line (which I might do like in KaleidaGraph.) "

[ For IDL call Research Systems , for PV-WAVE call Precision Visuals and
 for SIPS call University of Colorado @ Boulder . From what I can
 understand, you can get packaged programs from Research Systems, though
 -- nfotis ]

Visual3
-------
  contact Robert Haimes, MIT

FieldView
---------
 An interactive program designed to assist an engineer in
 investigating fluid dynamics data sets.          

 Platforms:  SGI, IBM, HP, SUN, X-terminals

 Availability:  Currently available on all of the above
       platforms.  Educational programs and volume 
       discounts are available.

 Contact:

 Intelligent Light 
 P.O. Box 65
 Fair Lawn, NJ 07410
 (201)794-7550
        
 Steve Kramer (kramer@ilight.com)


SciAn
------
  SciAn is primarily intended to do 3-D visualizations of data in an 
  interactive environment with the ability to generate animations using
  frame-accurate video recording devices.  A user manual, on-line help, and
  technical notes will help you use the program.

  Cost : 0 (Free), source code provided via ftp.
  Platforms : SGI 4D machines and IBM RS/6000 with the GL card + Z-buffer

  Where to find it:
  ftp.scri.fsu.edu [144.174.128.34] : /pub/SciAn
	A mirror is monu1.cc.monash.edu.au [130.194.1.101] : /pub/SciAn

SCRY
----
[ From the README : ]

      Scry is a distributed image handling system  that  pro-
 vides image transport and compression on local and wide area
 networks, image viewing on workstations, recording on  video
 equipment,  and  storage on disk.  The system can be distri-
 buted among workstations, between supercomputers and  works-
 tations,  and between supercomputers, workstations and video
 animation controllers.  The system is most commonly used  to
 produce  video based movie displays of images resulting from
 visualization of time dependent data, complex 3D data  sets,
 and  image  processing  operations.   Both  the  clients and
 servers run on a variety of systems that provide UNIX-like C
 run-time environments, and 4BSD sockets.
 
 The source is available for anonymous ftp:
 
 csam.lbl.gov [128.3.254.6] : pub/scry.tar.Z
 
 Contact:
 
 Bill Johnston, (wejohnston@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!johnston)

       or

 David Robertson (dwrobertson@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!davidr)
 
 Imaging Technologies Group
 MS 50B/2239
 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
 1 Cyclotron Road
 Berkeley, CA  94720


SVLIB / FVS
-----------
  SVLIB is an X-Windows widget set based on the OSF (Open Software 
  Foundation) Motif widget set. SVLIB widgets are macro-widgets 
  comprising lower level Motif widgets such as buttons, scrollbars, 
  menus, and drawing areas. It is designed to address the reusability 
  of 2D visualization routines and each widget in the library is an 
  encapsulation of a specific visualization technique such as colormap 
  manipulation, image display, and contour plotting. It is targetted
  to run on UNIX workstations supporting OSF/Motif. Currently, only 
  color monitors are supported. Since SVLIB is a collection of widgets 
  developed in the same spirit as the OSF/Motif user interface widget 
  set, it integrates seamlessly with the Motif widgets. Programmers 
  using SVLIB widgets see the same interface and design as other 
  Motif widgets.

  FVS is a visualization software for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 
  simulations.  FVS is designed to accept data generated from these
  simulations and apply various visualization techniques to present these
  data graphically. 
  FVS accepts three-dimensional multi-block data recorded in NCSA HDF format.

 iti.gov.sg [192.122.132.130] : /pub/svlib (Scientific Visualization)
      /pu/fvs; These directories contain demo binaries for Sun4/SGI

  Cost : US$200 for academic and US$300 for non-academic institutions.
  (For each of the above items). You're getting the source for the licence.

  Contact
  -------
  Miss Quek Lee Hian
  Member of Technical Staff
  Information Technology Institute
  National Computer Board
  NCB Building
  71, Sicence Park Drive
  Singapore 0511
  Republic of Singapore
  Tel : (65)7720435
  Fax : (65)7795966
  Email : leehian@iti.gov.sg


---------------------------------------------------------
GVLware Distribution:
        Bob  - An interactive volume renderer for the SGI
        Raz  - A disk based movie player for the SGI
        Icol - Motif color editor
---------------------------------------------------------

The Army High Performance Computing Research Center (AHPCRC) has been
developing a set of tools to work with large time dependent 2D and 3D
data sets.  In the Graphics and Visualization Lab (GVL) we are using
these tools along side standard packages, such as SGI Explorer and the
Utah Raster Toolkit, to render 3D volumes and create digital movies.
A couple of the more general purpose programs have been bundled into a
package called "GVLware".

GVLware, currently consisting of Bob, Raz and Icol, is now available
via ftp.  The most interesting program is probably Bob, an interactive
volume renderer for the SGI.  Raz streams raster images from disk to
an SGI screen, enabling movies larger than memory to be played.  Icol
is a color map editor that works with Bob and Raz.  Source and
pre-built binaries for IRIX 4.0.5 are included.

To acquire GVLware, anonymous ftp to:
        machine - ftp.arc.umn.edu
        file    - /pub/gvl.tar.Z

To use GVLware:
        mkdir gvl ; cd gvl
        zcat gvl.tar.Z | tar xvf -
        more README

Some Bob features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Renders 64 cubed data set in 0.1 to 1.0 seconds on a VGX
        Alpha Compositing and Maximum Value rendering, in perspective
            (only Maximum Value rendering on Personal Iris)
        Data must be a "Brick of Bytes", on a regularly spaced grid
        Animation, subvolumes, subsampling, stereo

Some Raz features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Loads files to a raw disk partition, then streams to screen
            (requires an empty disk partition to be set aside)
        Script interface available for movie sequences
        Can stream from memory, like NCSA XImage
        
Some Icol features:
        Motif interface
        Easy to create interpolated color maps between key points
        RGB, HSV and YUV color spaces, multiple file formats
        Communicates changes automatically to Bob and Raz
        Has been tested on SGI, Sun, DEC and Cray systems

BTW:    Bob  == Brick of Bytes
        Icol == Interpolated Color
        Raz  == ? (just a name)

Please send any comments to
        gvlware@ahpcrc.umn.edu

This software collection is supported by the Army Research Office
contract number DAALO3-89-C-0038 with the University of Minnesota Army
High Performance Computing Research Center.


IAP
---
  Imaging Applications Platform is a commercial package for medical and
  scientific visualization. It does volume rendering, binary surface
  rendering, multiplanar reformating, image manipulation, cine sequencing,
  intermixes geometry and text with images and provides measurement and
  coordinate transform abilities.

  It can provide hardcopy on most medical film printers, image database
  functionality and interconnection to most medical (CT/MRI/etc) scanners.

  It is client/server based and provides an object oriented interface. It
  runs on most high performance workstations and takes full advantage of
  parallelism where it is available. It is robust, efficient and
  will be submitted for FDA approval for use in medical applications.

  Cost: $20K for OEM developer, $10K for educational developer
  and run times starting at $8900 and going down based on quantity.

  The developer packages include two days training for two people in Toronto.

  Available from:

  ISG Technologies
  6509 Airport Road
  Mississauga, Ontario,
  Canada, L4V-1S7

  (416) 672-2100
  e-mail: Rod Gilchrist <rod@isgtec.com>

========================================================================

18. Molecular visualization stuff
=================================

[ Based on a list from cristy@dupont.com < Cristy > , which asked for
 systems for displaying Molecular Dynamics, MD for short ]

Flex
----
  It is a public domain package written by Michael Pique, at The Scripps
  Research Institute, La Jolla, CA. Flex is stored as a compressed,
  tar'ed archive (about 3.4MB) at perutz.scripps.edu [137.131.152.27], in
  pub/flex. It displays molecular models and MD trajectories.

MacMolecule
-----------
  (for Macintosh). I searched with Archie, and the most
  promising place is sumex-aim.stanford.edu (info-mac/app, and
  info-mac/art/qt for a demo)

MD-DISPLAY
----------
  Runs on SGI machines. Call Terry Lybrand (lybrand@milton.u.washington.edu).

XtalView
--------
  It is a crystallography package that does visualize molecules and much more.
  It uses the XView toolkit.
  Call Duncan McRee <dem@scripps.edu>

landman@hal.physics.wayne.edu:
-----------------------------
  I am writing my own visualization code right now.  I look at MD output
  (a specific format, easy to alter for the subroutine) on PC's.  My
  program has hooks into GKS.  If your friend has access to Phigs for X
  (PEX) and fortran bindings, I would be happy to share my evolving code
  (free of charge).  Right now it can display supercells of up to 65
  atoms (easy to change), and up to 100 time steps, drawing nearest
  neighbor bonds between 2 defining nn radii.  It works acceptably fast
  on a 10Mhz 286.

icsg0001@caesar.cs.montana.edu:
------------------------------
  I did a project on Molecular Visualization for my Master's Thesis, using
  UNIX/X11/Motif which generates a simple point and space-filling model.

KGNGRAF
-------

KGNGRAF is part of MOTECC-91. Look on malena.crs4.it (156.148.7.12),
in pub/motecc.

motecc.info.txt          Information about MOTECC-91 in plain ascii format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.troff        Information about MOTECC-91 in troff format.
motecc.form.troff        MOTECC-91 order form in troff format.
motecc.license.troff     MOTECC-91 license agreement in troff format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.ps           Information about MOTECC-91 in PostScript format.
motecc.form.ps           MOTECC-91 order form in PostScript format.
motecc.license.ps        MOTECC-91 license agreement in PostScript format.


ditolla@itnsg1.cineca.it:
------------------------
  I'm working on molecular dynamic too.  A friend of mine and I have

  developed a program to display an MD run dynamically on Silicon
  Graphics.  We are working to improve it, but it doesn't work under X,
  we are using the graphi. lib. of the Silicon Gr. because they are much
  faster then X.  When we'll end it we'll post on the news info about
  where to get it with ftp. (Will be free software).

XBall V2.0
----------
  Written by David Nedde. Call daven@maxine.wpi.edu.

XMol
----
  An X Window System program that uses OSF/Motif  for  the
  display and  analysis  of  molecular  model data.  Data from several
  common file formats can be read and written; current formats include:
  Alchemy, CHEMLAB-II, Gaussian, MOLSIM, MOPAC, PDB, and MSCI's XYZ
  format (which has been designed  for  simplicity  in  translating to
  and from other formats). XMol also allows for conversion between
  several of these formats.
  Xmol is available at ftp.msc.edu. Read pub/xmol/README for
  further details.

INSIGHT II
----------
  from BIOSYM Technologies Inc.

SCARECROW
---------
  The program has been published in J. Molecular Graphics 10
  (1992) 33. The program can analyze and display CHARMM, DISCOVER, YASP
  and MUMOD trajectories. The program package contains also software for
  the generation of probe surfaces, proton affinity
  surfaces and molecular orbitals from an extended Huckel program.
  It works on Silicon Graphics machines.
  Contact Leif Laaksonen <Leif.Laaksonen@csc.fi or laaksone@csc.fi>

MULTI
-----
ns.niehs.nih.gov [157.98.8.8] : /pub - MULTI 3.0 (Multi-Process
		Molecular Modeling Suite)

MindTool
--------
  It runs under SunView, and requires a fortran compiler and Sun's CGI
  libraries. MindTool is a tool  provided  for  the  interactive  graphic
  manipulation  of  molecules  and  atoms. Currently, up to 10,000
  atoms may be input.
  Available via anonymous FTP, at rani.chem.yale.edu, directory
  /pub/MindTool ( Check with Archie for other  sites if that's too far )

[ I would also suggest looking at least in SGI's Applications Directory.
 It contains many more packages - nfotis ]

===========================================================================

19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)
===================================================

GRASS
-----
  (Geographic Resource Analysis Support System) of the US Army
  Construction Engineering Research Lab (CERL). It is a popular geographic and
  remote sensing image processing package. Many may think of GRASS as a
  Geographic Information System rather than an Image Processing package,
  although it is reported to have significant image processing
  capabilities.

  Feature Descriptions

  I use GRASS  because it's public domain and can be obtained through the
  internet for free.  GRASS runs in Unix and is written in C.  The source
  code can be obtained through an anonymous ftp from the Office of Grass
  Integration.  You then compile the source code for your machine, using
  scripts provided with GRASS.  I would recommend GRASS for someone who
  already has a workstation and is on a limited budget. GRASS is not very
  user-friendly, compared to Macintosh software." A first review  of
  overview documentation indicates that it looks useful and has some pixel
  resampling functions not in other packages plus good general purpose
  image enhancement routines (fft). Kelly Maurice at Vexcel Corp. in
  Boulder, CO is a primary user of GRASS .  This gentleman has used the
  GRASS software and developed multi-spectral (238 bands ??) volumetric
  rendering, full color, on Suns and Stardents. It was a really effective
  interface.  Vexcel Corp. currently has a contract to map part of Venus
  and convert the Magellan radar data into contour maps. You can call them
  at (303) 444-0094 or email care of greg@vexcel.com 192.92.90.68

  Host Configuration Requirements

  If you are willing to run A/UX you could install GRASS   on a Macintosh
  which has significant image analysis and import capabilities for
  satellite data. GRASS  is public-domain, and can run on a high-end PC
  under UNIX. It is raster-based, has some image-processing capability,
  and can display vector data (but analysis must be done in the raster
  environment). I have used GRASS V.3 on a SUN workstation and found it
  easy to use. It is best, of course, for data that are well represented
  in raster (grid-cell) form.

  Availability

  CERL's Office of Grass Integration (OGI)  maintains an ftp server:
  moon.cecer.army.mil (129.229.20.254).

  Mail regarding this site should be addressed to
  grass-ftp-admin@moon.cecer.army.mil.

  This location will be the new "canonical" source for GRASS software, as
  well as bug fixes, contributed sources, documentation, and other files.
  This FTP server also supports dynamic compression and uncompression and
  "tar" archiving of files.  A feature attraction of the server is John
  Parks' GRASS tutorial.  Because the manual is still in beta-test stage,
  John requests that people only acquire it if they are willing to review
  it and mail him comments/corrections. The OGI is not currently
  maintaining this document, so all correspondence about it should be
  directed to grassx@tang.uark.edu

  Support

  Listserv mailing lists:

  grassu-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS users; application-level
  questions, support concerns, miscellaneous questions, etc) Send
  subscribe commands to grassu-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  grassp-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS programmers; system-level
  questions and tips, tricks, and techniques of design and implementation
  of GRASS applications) Send subscribe commands to
  grassp-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  Both lists are maintained by the Office of Grass Integration (subset of
  the Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Lab in
  Champaign, IL). The OGI is providing the lists as a service to the
  community; while OGI and CERL employees will participate in the lists,
  we can make no claim as to content or veracity of messages that pass
  through the list.  If you have questions, problems, or comments, send
  E-mail to lists-owner@amber.cecer.army.mil and a human will respond.

Microstation Imager
-------------------
  Intergraph (based in Huntsville Alabama) sells a wide range of GIS
  software/hardware. Microstation is a base  graphics package that Imager
  sits on top of. Imager is basically an  image processing package with a
  heavy GIS/remote sensing flavor.

  Feature Description

  Basic geometry manipulations: flip, mirror, rotate, generalized affine.
  Rectification: Affine, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th order models as well as a
  projective model (warp an image to a vector map or to another image).
  RGB to IHS and IHS to RGB conversion.  Principal component analysis.
  Classification: K-means and isodata.  Fourier Xforms: Forward, filtering
  and reverse.  Filters: High pass, low pass, edge enhancing, median,
  generic.  Complex Histogram/Contrast control.  Layer Controller: manages
  up to 64 images at a time -- user can extract single bands from a 3 band
  image or create color images by combining various individual bands, etc.

  The package is designed for a remote sensing application (it can handle
  VERY LARGE images) and there is all kinds of other software available
  for GIS applications.
  Host Configuration Requirements

  It runs on Intergraph Workstations (a Unix machine similar to a Sun)
  though there  were rumors (there are always rumors) that the software
  would be  ported to PC and possibly a Sun environment.

PCI
---
  A company called PCI, Inc., out of Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada, makes
  an array of software utilities for processing, manipulation, and use of
  remote sensing data in eight or ten different "industry standard"
  formats: LGSOWG, BSQ, LANDSAT, and a couple of others whose titles I
  forget.  The software is available in versions for MS-DOS, Unix
  workstations (among them HP, Sun, and IBM), and VMS, and quite possibly
  other platforms by now.  I use the VMS version.

  The "PCI software" consists of several classes/groups/packages of
  utilities, grouped by function but all operating on a common "PCI
  database" disk file.  The "Tape I/O" package is a set of utility
  programs which read from the various remote-sensing industry tape
  formats INTO, or write those formats out FROM, the "PCI database" file;
  this is the only package I use or know much about.  Other packages can
  display data from the PCI database to one or another of several
  PCI-supported third-party color displays, output numeric or bitmap
  representation of image data to an attached printer, e.g. an Epson-type
  dot-matrix graphics printer.  You might be more spe- cifically
  interested in the mathematical operations package: histo- gram and
  Fourier analysis, equalization, user-specified operations (e.g.
  "multiply channel 1 by 3, add channel 2, and store as channel 5"), and
  God only knows what all else -- there's a LOT.  I don't have and don't
  use these, so can't say much about them; you only buy the packages your
  particular application/interest calls for.

  Each utility is controlled by from one to eight "parameters," read from
  a common "parameter file" which must be (in VMS anyway) in your "default
  directory."  Some utilities will share parameters and use the same
  parameter for a different purpose, so it can get a bit confusing setting
  up a series of operations.  The standard PCI environment contains a
  scripting language very similar to IBM-PC BASIC, but which allows you to
  automate the process of setting up parameters for a common, complicated,
  lengthy or difficult series of utility executions.  (In VMS I can also
  invoke utilities independently from a DCL command procedure.)  There's
  also an optional programming library which allows you to write compiled
  language programs which can interface with (read from/write to) the PCI
  data structures (database file, parameter file).

  The PCI software is designed specifically for remote-sensing images, but
  requires such a level of operator expertise that, once you reach the
  level where you can handle r-s images, you can figure out ways to handle
  a few other things as well.  For instance, the Tape I/O package offers a
  utility for reading headerless multi-band (what Adobe PhotoShop on the
  Macintosh calls "raw") data from tape, in a number of different
  "interleave" orders. This turns out to be ideal for manipulating the
  graphic-arts industry's "CT2T" format, would probably (I haven't tried)
  handle Targa, and so on. Above all, however, you HAVE TO KNOW WHAT
  YOU'RE DOING or you can screw up to the Nth degree and have to start
  over.  It's worth noting that the PCI "database" file is designed to
  contain not only "raster" (image) data, but vectors (for overlaying map
  information entered via digitizing table), land-use, and all manner of
  other information (I observe that a remote-sensing image tape often
  contains all manner of information about the spectral bands, latitude,
  longitude, time, date, etc. of the original satellite pass; all of this
  can go into the PCI "database").

  I _believe_ that on workstations the built-in display is used.  On VAX
  systems OTHER than workstations PCI supports only a couple of specific
  third-party display systems (the name Gould/Deanza seems to come to
  mind).  One of MY personal workarounds was a display program which would
  display directly from a PCI "database" file to a Peritek VCT-Q (Q-bus
  24-bit DirectColor) display subsystem.  PCI software COULD be "overkill"
  in your case; it seems designed for the very "high end"
  applications/users, i.e. those for whom a Mac/PC largely doesn't suffice
  (although as you know the gap is getting smaller all the time).  It's
  probably no coincidence that PCI is located in Canada, a country which
  does a LOT of its land/resource management via remote sensing; I believe
  the Canadian government uses PCI software for some of its work in these
  areas.

SPAM (Spectral Analysis Manager)
--------------------------------
  Back in 1985 JPL developed something called SPAM (Spectral Analysis
  Manager) which got a fair amount of use at the time.  That was designed
  for Airborne Imaging Spectrometer imagery (byte data, <= 256 pixels
  across by <= 512 lines by <= 256 bands); a modified version has since
  been developed for AVIRIS (Airborne VIsual and InfraRed Imaging
  Spectrometer) which uses much larger images.

  Spam does none of these things (rectification, classification, PC and
  IHS transformations, filtering, contrast enhancement, overlays).
  Actually, it does limited filtering and contrast enhancement
  (stretching).  Spam is aimed at spectral identification and clustering.

  The original Spam uses X or SunView to display.  The AVIRIS version may
  require VICAR, an executive based on TAE, and may also require a frame
  buffer.  I can refer you to people if you're interested.  PCW requires X
  for display.

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II is distributed by John Wiley.

CLRview
-------
  CLRview is a 3-dimensional visualization program designed to exploit
  the real-time capabilities of Silicon Graphics IRIS computers.

  This program is designed to provide a core set of tools to aid in the
  visualization of information from CAD and GIS sources.  It supports
  the integration of many common but disperate data sources such as DXF,
  TIN, DEM, Lattices, and Arc/Info Coverages among others.

  CLRview can be obtained from explorer.dgp.utoronto.ca (128.100.1.129) 
  in the directory pub/sgi/clrview.

  Contact:
  Rodney Hoinkes
  Head of Design Applications
  Centre for Landscape Research
  University of Toronto
  Tel:   (416) 978-7197
  Email: rodney@dgp.utoronto.ca

==========================================================================

End of Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38854
From: dts@buoy.cis.ufl.edu (Dave Small)
Subject: WANTED: references on parallel algorithms

element analysis, radiosity, distributed processing

Hi,

	I'm looking for references to parallel algorithms on:

		octrees
		adaptive subdivision
		adaptive meshing
		finite element meshing/analysis
		radiosity

	Any help will be greatly appreciated.  E-mail replies to

			Dave Small
			dts@cis.ufl.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38856
From: gorgen@ann-arbor.applicon.slb.com (David Gorgen)
Subject: Need help: Z-buffering lines & areas together

I'm asking for help on a sticky problem involving unreasonably low
apparent precision in Z-buffering, that I've encountered in 2 different
PEX implementations.  I can't find any discussion of this problem in any
resources I can lay hands on (e.g. the comp.windows.x.pex FAQ, Gaskins's
_PEXlib_Programming_Manual_, vendors' documentation).

I'm posting this article by itself on comp.graphics, and virtually the
same article with a test program demonstrating the problem on
comp.windows.x.pex.  The problem is hard to describe without pictures,
hence this article is longish.  If you can run PEXlib 5.x programs and
are interested, I encourage you to build and run the test program in
comp.windows.x.pex to see the effect yourself and play with my approach
to dealing with it.  (It depends on the utility code from the above
Gaskins book; instructions for fetching it via anonymous FTP are given.)

The problem to be solved is to eliminate or minimize "stitching"
artifacts resulting from the use of Z-buffering with polylines that are
coplanar with filled areas.  The interpolated Z values along a line will
differ slightly, due to roundoff error, from the interpolated Z values
across an area, even when the endpoints of the line are coincident with
vertices of the area.  Because of this, it's a tossup whether the
Z-buffer will allow the line pixels or the area pixels to be displayed.
Visually, the result tends to be a dashed-line effect even though the
line is supposed to be solid.

Using the PEXlib API, my approach to a solution is to use two slightly
different PEX view mapping transforms, in two view table entries, one
for the areas and one for the lines.  The PEX structures or immediate-
mode output must be organized so that one view table index is always in
effect for areas, and the other is always in effect for lines.  The
result is a slight shift in NPC Z coordinates for the lines, so as to
attempt to bias the tossup situations in favor of the lines.

This shift is effected by moving the front and back clipping planes used
in the PEXlib view table entry for lines just a hair "backwards" (i.e.
smaller VRC Z coordinates), compared to their positions in the view
table entry used for areas.  This means that when a point is transformed
to NPC, its Z value will be slightly bigger if it comes from a line than
if it comes from an area, thus accomplishing the desired bias.

I would expect the Z roundoff errors which cause the problem to amount
to a few units at most, out of the entire dynamic range of the Z-buffer,
typically from 0 to 65535 if not 16777215 (i.e. 16 or 24 bit Z-buffers).
Therefore, it seems that a tiny fraction of the range of Z in VRC
between the front and back clip planes ought to suffice to reliably fix
the stitching.

But in fact, experience shows that the shift has to be as much as 0.003
to 0.006 of the range.  (Empirically, it's worst when the NPC Z
component of the slope of the surface is high, i.e. when it appears more
or less edge-on to the viewer.)  It's as if only 8 or 9 bits of the
Z-buffer have any dependable meaning!  This amount is so great that one
problem is replaced by another: sometimes the polylines "show through"
areas which they are supposed to lie behind.

I've observed the problem on both Hewlett-Packard and Digital
workstation PEX servers, to approximately the same degree.  The test
program demonstrates the problem on an MIT PEXlib 5.x implementation;
this version is known to compile and run on an HP-UX system with PEX
5.1.

Open questions:
    (1) Why does this happen?
        --  Am I configuring the PEX view table wrongly?
        --  Is there a systematic difference in Z interpolation for lines
            as opposed to areas (e.g. pixel centers versus corners) which
            could be corrected for?
        --  Are PEX implementors wantonly discarding Z precision in their
            interpolators?
        --  Something else?
    (2) What to do about it?
        --  Can I fix my use of the view table to allow better precision
            in Z-buffered HLHSR?
        --  Is there another approach I can take to remove the stitching
            artifacts?
        --  Am I just out of luck?

Any help would be immensely appreciated!

-- 
===============================================================================
Dave Gorgen                         Internet: gorgen@ann-arbor.applicon.slb.com
Applicon Inc.                                 gorgen@aaaca1.sinet.slb.com
Ann Arbor, Michigan (USA)               UUCP: ...!uunet!sharkey!applga!gorgen

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38857
From: ewinterr@cwis.isu.edu (EWING_TERRY)
Subject: Raytriacing and animation


Now I have a couple raytracing questions.
Just so you know I'm using PovRay 1.0 (both MS-dos and Unix) and I'm generating Targa files of varying size.

1) ok, so I can view these wonderful pictures on my screen.  What's the best way  to get them on to paper?  Would it be possible to take it to Kinko's and have   them make an actual picture on paper from it?

2) I was thinking about making a small animation bit with different raytraced 
frames.  Is this a bad idea?  Any tricks to it?

3

)
 How would I get a sequence of targa files made into an animation 
that I could put on a videotape?  Is there a cheap way?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38858
From: rtaraz@bigwpi.WPI.EDU (Ramin Taraz)
Subject: Need gif/iff file format


Could somebody please _email_ me some info on either what gif or iff
file formats are, or where I can get such info?


thanx

rtaraz@wpi.wpi.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38859
From: holmes7000@iscsvax.uni.edu
Subject: Archiving GIF

What's the best way to archive GIF's?  I zip them and they only shrink 1%.  I
have most compression programs except stacker which I heard was good for GIF's.


Thanx
-Brando

PS please E-mail me, I don't get down this far on the news usually


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38860
Subject: Re: POVray : tga -> rle
From: Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (Craig Andrew Humphrey)


In article <ltqp28INNpa7@pageboy.cs.utexas.edu>, jhpark@cs.utexas.edu (Jihun Park) writes:
>Hello,
>I have some problem in converting tga file(generated by POVray) to
>rle file. When I convert, I do not get any warning message. But
>if I use xloadimage/getx11, something is wrong.

[edited]

>I know that I need to install ppmtorle and tgatoppm, but I do not spend
>time to install them. Even I do not want to generate .rgb from POVray
>and then convert them to rle, if possible.(.rgb to rle works, but
>it will mess up my directory with so many files, and it needs 2 more
>steps to finally convert to rle file. say cat | rawtorle | rleflip )
>Does any body out there have same experience/problems ?


Well for starters, why use rle files?  You might have a specific program that
needs them, OK, but I tend to convert straight to jpeg format, thus a 2.4meg
24bit targa file becomes a ~80k or less 24bit jpeg.

The latest versions of XV (2.2.1 ?) and xloadimage (3.03) both handle jpeg files.
And the best way to convert to jpeg is with the c/djpeg suit.  Even at 90%
quality (you can't see the difference) the jpeg is way smaller than anything
else even an 8bit gif!

Later'ish
Craig
-- 
    |\/\/\/\/\/| "I didn't do it, nobody saw me do it, 
    | ___  ___ |  you can't prove anything."          
    |/   \/   \|   craig.humphrey@stargate.actrix.gen.nz
__ccc_c_#_|__#_ccc_c____chumphre@comp.vuw.ac.nz______________________________

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38861
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Kubota Kenai/Denali specs


Okay, I got enough replies about the Kubota Kenai/Denali systems that I
will post a summary of their capabilities.  I haven't actually used one
or seen one, so take the specs with a grain of salt.  I'd like to see
an independent review of one against, say, an SGI Indigo Extreme or
something.

Basically, the Kenai workstations are DEC Alpha AXP based workstations that
run OSF/1 ( DEC's ) and will likely run Windows NT in the future.  They are
binary compatible with Digital's OSF/1 Alpha AXP implementation.  Denali
is their graphics subsystem, which is upgradable in the field by
simply adding "transformation engines".

The two main Kenai machines are the 3400 Imaging and 3D Graphics Workstation
and the 3500 Imaging and 3D Graphics Workstation.


			3400			3500

CPU			DEC Alpha AXP 133MHz	DEC Alpha AXP 150MHz
On-chip cache		8k/8k			8k/8k
Onboard cache		512K			512K
Word Size		64-bit			64-bit
Memory ( initial )	32-128MB		32-256MB
Memory ( future )	512MB			1GB
SPECMARK89		111			126
SPECINT92		75			84
SPECFP92		112			128

GRAPHICS

Transform Modules	1-6			1-6
Frame Buffer Modules	5,10,20			5,10,20
Frame Buffer		1280x1024x24bit		1280x1024x24bit
			double buffered		double buffered
Z-buffer		24-bit			24-bit
Alpha/stencil		8-bit			8-bit
Stereo support		yes			yes
Other:				both machines will double buffer or do
				stereo output per window.  Both have an
				auxiliary video output that is RS-170A,
				NTSC, and PAL

STORAGE

Internal-fixed		2 3.5"			4 3.5"
Internal-removable	1 5.25"			2 5.25"
Max capacity		9.5GB			11.6 GB

IO

Both have TurboChannel 100MB/sec, SCSI-2, Ethernet, and FDDI

APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACES

Both have libraries for Xlib, Motif, MIT PEXlib, DEC-PEXlib DEC-PHIGS, and GL

Okay, now the real stuff.  The Kenai stations work with a graphics architecture
known as Denali.  The Denali comes in three models, the E, P, and V.  They
use a DECchip 21064 superscalar RISC processor at 150MHz.  Their
capabilities are as follows:

			E		P		V

2D Vectors		800-200K	2000-3800K	4000-4800K
3D Vectors #1		350-1100K	1100-1800K	1800-2100K
3D Vectors #2		300-1000K	1000-1600K	1600-1900K
3D Vectors #3		300-500K	800-1000K	1300-1400K
3D Triangles, #4	200-500K	600-1000K	1000-1200K
3D Triangles, #5	100-200K	300-400K	500-600K

#1: 10 pixel, flat shaded, connected
#2: 10 pixel, Gouraud shaded, connected
#3: 10 pixel, 2-pixel wide, anti-aliased, connected
#4: 50-pixel, Gouraud shaded, Z-buffered, strip
#5: 50-pixel, texture mapped, persp., point sampled

IMAGE PROCESSING

Cine loop - 8-bit	15-36Mp/s	37-58 Mp/s	60-68 Mp/s
Cine loop - 16-bit	14 Mp/s		25 Mp/s		38 Mp/s
Cine loop - 24-bit	12-21 Mp/s	21 Mp/s		21 Mp/s
Contrast stretching #1	14 Mp/s		25 Mp/s		20 Mp/s
Bilinear zoom		6 Mp/s		11 Mp/s		20 Mp/s
Trilinear interp#2	--		6 Mvoxels/s	11 Mvoxels/s

#1: Lookup table -- 12-,16-bit to 8
#2: Trilinear interpolation, 8-bit voxels

CONFIGURATIONS
Frame Buffer Modules	5		10		20
Transform Engine Mod.	1-3		3-5		5-6


As you can see, these are pretty powerful workstations, and the best part
is the pricing.  I would recommend that you call Kubota for more information.
Their number is 408-727-8100.  I'm sure they'll send you an information you
may want.  Oh, some prices:

Low-end

Kenai 3400, E Series w/ 1 TEM and 5 FBM --- 27,795 dollars U.S.
Kenai 3500, E Series w/ 1 TEM and 5 FBM --- 45,345 dollars U.S.

High-end

Kenai 3400, V Series w/ 6 TEM and 20 FBM -- 61,795 dollars U.S.
Kenai 3500, V Series w/ 6 TEM and 20 FBM -- 79,345 dollars U.S.

If someone could post a relative comparision with an Indigo Extreme or
something I would appreciate it.

Hope this helps someone out there,

Brian

PS I am not affiliated with Kubota in any way.  Hell, I thought they made
tractors or something. :-)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38862
From: vax839@tid.es (Juan Carlos Cuesta Cuesta)
Subject: AUTOCAD GRAPHICS CONVERTER


  Could anybody tell me if exists any program to convert AUTOCAD graphics to
another format (GIF, TIFF, BMP, PCX ...) and where to get it?

	Thanks in advance

	J. C. Cuesta Cuesta
	TIDSA - Madrid (Spain)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38863
From: xepo@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Scott R Violet)
Subject: Looking for code to brake image into sub-bands


Hi all,
	I am working on a project in which I need to brake an image
into sub-bands and then work with them.  Since I have never done
anything like this, don't even understand the concept of sub-bands, I
was wondering if there is some software out there that would allow me
to do this.  Any hints?
Thanks,
-- 

		-Scott Violet (xepo@csd4.csd.uwm.edu)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38864
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!
From: tpot@ironbark (Tim Potter)

peter@gort.trl.OZ.AU (Peter K. Campbell) writes:
: ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout) writes:
: 
: >In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
: >|> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
: >|>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
: 
: I've tried compiling it on several SPARCstations with gcc 2.22.  After
: fixing up a few bugs (3 missing constant definitions plus a couple of
: other things) I got it to compile & link, but after starting client
: & server I just get a black window; sometimes the client core dumps,
: sometimes the server, sometimes I get a broken pipe, sometimes it
: just sits there doing nothing although I occassionally get the
: cursor to become a cross-hair in dog-fight, but that's it.  I've
: sent word to the author plus what I did to fix it last week, but
: no reply as yet.
: 
: Peter K. Campbell
: p.campbell@trl.oz.au

I've discovered a bug in the libraries/parser/parser.c loadcolour function where it was generating a segmentation fault.  It appears the colourList[] is geting corrupted somehow.  I had it return random colours instead and everything worked great (except for a few colour problems) so I know its the only thing wrong.

The colour table somehow gets a couple of nulls placed in it so when the "name" of the colours are compared it crashes.  I haven't found the problem yet maybe someone else can.
--
Adrian Turner
University College of Northern Victoria
turner@ironbark.ucnv.edu.au

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38865
From: Scott_Rindfleisch@vos.stratus.com
Subject: LOOKING FOR GRAIG@TOONTOWN


I noticed you post in comp.graphics and know a person with your name.  I was
wondering if you used to live in Paxton Mass.  If so, I have a friend that
would like to say HI.


Sorry for the inconvience if this isn't who I think it is.


SR

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38866
From: aron@taos.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar)
Subject: Re: GIF to Targa

In article <1993Apr28.143057.8335@fuw.edu.pl>, muchor@fuw.edu.pl (Krzysztof Muchorowski) writes:
|> Hello,
|>    Subject says it all. I need a GIF to Targa converter, so that my
|> dta15 could make a .FLI of them.
|>       Krzysztof
|> 

DTA will make a .FLI from GIFs as well as Targas. You don't need a converter.
Also..get the latest version of DTA from wuarchive.wustl.edu in pub/msdos_uploads.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38867
From: rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham)
Subject: Re: ACM SIGGRAPH Registration Problem

zyda@cs.nps.navy.mil (Michael Zyda) notes:

> A word of warning for those of you registering for SIGGRAPH '93.
> I just received my registration form back in the mail with the
> envelope marked "Return to sender. Moved - Left No Address.
> Closed PO Box". The address I used to register for SIGGRAPH '93
> is the one printed on the registration form:
> 
>      ACM SIGGRAPH '93
>      PO Box 95316,
>      Chicago, IL 60694-5316
> 
> I printed the envelope in my best printing, honest but evidently
> SIGGRAPH '93 has skipped town or moved?
> 
> I ended up faxing my registration to: 312-321-6876. I hope that
> number is real!
> 
>      Michael Zyda

I had the same problem and called the people who handle the box; the
problem happened some time ago and was caught almost instantly.  All
registrations going to that address are now fixed.  See what trouble
you get into when you don't procrastinate, Mike?

And no, SIGGRAPH 93 has not skipped town -- we're preparing the best
SIGGRAPH conference yet!

-- Steve Cunningham 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38868
From: "Gaetan Lord, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal" <DG03@music.mus.polymtl.ca>
Subject: HPGL viewer and utilities

Hi

I would like to know if there is any software, PD or not, who
could produce X11 output of HPGL file on RS/6000. And same kind of
software who could produce hardcopy on postscript and lasetjet.

Thank You

+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                      |
| Gaetan Lord                      | VOICE:    (514) 340-4352          |
! analyste                         | FAX:      (514) 340-4189          |
| Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal  |                                   |
| P.O. Box 6079  Station A         |                                   |
| Montreal, Quebec                 |                                   |
| Canada                           | THERE'S NO FUTURE IN TIME TRAVEL. |
| J0T-2C0                          | ********************************* |
|                                                                      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38869
From: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca (Jim Powlesland)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?


I've had pretty good success autotracing line art with Adobe
Streamline 2.0. The key to controlling excessive points, etc. is
to take some time and do some test conversions using various
Tolerance settings.


-- 
/  Jim Powlesland                   / INTERNET: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca
/  Academic Computing Services      / VOICE:    (403)220-7937
/  University of Calgary            / MESSAGE:  (403)220-6201
/  Calgary, Alberta CANADA  T2N 1N4 / FAX:      (403)282-9199

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38870
From: rigby@echo.unr.edu (Wayne Rigby)
Subject: Re: Cross, Sobel & Roberts Filters ?

In article <1993Apr28.090635.15878@waikato.ac.nz> pdenize@waikato.ac.nz writes:

>I saw an imaging program some time ago on an Amiga that had
>Cross, Sobel and Roberts filters for edge detection. 
>
>Can anybody direct me to these algorithms.

OK, never heard of Cross filters, but Roberts, Prewitt and Sobel filters
are standard spatial masks for edge detection.  Highpass filtering does a
good job of detecting edges, too.  A good reference for all sorts of general
digital image processing is the book _Digital Image Processing_ by
Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods.  Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. 1992.
ISBN 0-201-50803-6

I've used this source to do the above filters and many other things as a
grad project.  Not too dificult to do.  The worst part is loading in the
images from TIFF/GIF/IFF-ILBM/whatever!  :)

Wayne Rigby
rigby@cs.unr.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38871
Subject: Source code/help on IP packages(Please)!
From: ashlin@ironbark.ucnv.edu.au (Vance Ashlin)

Greetings this is a general call for information regarding Image
Processing. I am looking for any material related to the field, and am
also trying to get my hands on some easy to use packages related to the
field. In particular source code for general use packages.

I already have several texts on the subject, but would appreciate more
input from people more knowledgable in the field than myself. I'm not
mathematically literate (ie. I don't have a degree in mathematics), so
any material that is suggested I would prefer that it was not
mathematically intensive.

The best book I have found on the subject at the moment is:

"Practical Digital Image Processing"
by Rhys Lewis
ISBN: 0-13-683525-2
Published by Ellis Horwood (c)1990.

Likewise I am trying to get a fair sample of programs that demonstrate
Image Processing techniques. So far I have 'xv', and 'khoros' for Unix.
'Dcview 2.1' for the IBM PC, and various related smatterings of C code
to help describe topics like, contrasting, dithering, image enhancement
via convolution etc.

If anyone could kindly supply me with some public domain software
pertinent to this area, or better still if they could tell me where I am
most likely to find it on the AARNET (Internet). If I can I would prefer
source code in C or Turbo Pascal that includes some Image Processing
code/algorithms, that I can readily alter/manipulate for the purposes of
demonstration it would be most helpful.

All the above information will contribute to my post-graduate studies,
and will be liberally used in my paper, and seminar on the subject.


          Thanks in advance Vance Ashlin
          Diploma Advanced Computing

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Thinking is dangerous, subversive, mindnumbing and leads you astray

ashlin@ironbark.ucnv.edu.au
i880429@redgum.ucnv.edu.au
-------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38873
From: lee@hobbes.cs.umass.edu (Peter Lee)
Subject: Re: QuickTime performance (was Re: Rumours about 3DO ???)

In article <1993Apr26.170915.15833@waikato.ac.nz> ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University) writes:

   Path: dime!ymir.cs.umass.edu!nic.umass.edu!noc.near.net!howland.reston.ans.net!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!decwrl!waikato.ac.nz!ldo
   From: ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University)
   Newsgroups: comp.multimedia,comp.graphics
   Date: 26 Apr 93 05:09:15 GMT
   References: <1993Mar31.074502.3590@aragorn.unibe.ch>  <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com>
   Organization: University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
   Lines: 67
   Xref: dime comp.multimedia:6358 comp.graphics:32606

   OK, with all the discussion about observed playback speeds with QuickTime,
   the effects of scaling and so on, I thought I'd do some more tests.

   First of all, I felt that my original speed test was perhaps less than
   realistic. The movie I had been using only had 18 frames in it (it was a
   version of the very first movie I created with the Compact Video compressor).
   I decided something a little longer would give closer to real-world results
   (for better or for worse).

   I pulled out a copy of "2001: A Space Odyssey" that I had recorded off TV
   a while back. About fifteen minutes into the movie, there's a sequence where
   the Earth shuttle is approaching the space station. Specifically, I digitized
   a portion of about 30 seconds' duration, zooming in on the rotating space
   station. I figured this would give a reasonable amount of movement between
   frames. To increase the differences between frames, I digitized it at only
   5 frames per second, to give a total of 171 frames.

   I captured the raw footage at a resolution of 384*288 pixels with the Spigot
   card in my Centris 650 (quarter-size resolution from a PAL source). I then
   imported it into Premiere and put it through the Compact Video compressor,
   keeping the 5 fps frame rate. I created two versions of the movie: one scaled
   to 320*240 resolution, the other at 160*120 resolution. I used the default
   "2.00" quality setting in Premiere 2.0.1, and specified a key frame every ten
   frames.

   I then ran the 320*240 movie through the same "Raw Speed Test" program I used
   for the results I'd been reporting earlier.

   Result: a playback rate of over 45 frames per second.

   That's right, I was getting a much higher result than with that first short
   test movie. Just for fun, I copied the 320*240 movie to my external hard
   disk (a Quantum LP105S), and ran it from there. This time the playback rate
   was only about 35 frames per second. Obviously the 230MB internal hard disk
   (also a Quantum) is a significant contributor to the speed of playback.

   I modified my speed test program to allow the specification of optional
   scaling factors, and tried playing back the 160*120 movie scaled to 320*240
   size. This time the playback speed was over 60 fps. Clearly, the poster who
   observed poor performance on scaled playback was seeing QuickTime 1.0 in
   action, not 1.5. I'd try my tests with QuickTime 1.0, but I don't think it's
   entirely compatible with my Centris and System 7.1...

   Unscaled, the playback rate for the 160*120 movie was over 100 fps.

   The other thing I tried was saving versions of the 320*240 movie with
   "preferred" playback rates greater than 1.0, and seeing how well they played
   from within MoviePlayer (ie with QuickTime's normal synchronized playback).
   A preferred rate of 9.0 (=> 45 fps) didn't work too well: the playback was
   very jerky. Compare this with the raw speed test, which achieved 45 fps with
   ease. I can't believe that QuickTime's synchronization code would add this
   much overhead: I think the slowdown was coming from the Mac system's task
   switching.

   A preferred rate of 7.0 (=> 35 fps) seemed to work fine: I couldn't see
   any evidence of stutter. At 8.0 (=> 40 fps) I *think* I could see slight
   stutter, but with four key frames every second, it was hard to tell.

   I guess I could try recreating the movies with a longer interval between the
   key frames, to make the stutter more noticeable. Of course, this will also
   improve the compression slightly, which should speed up the playback performance
   even more...

   Lawrence D'Oliveiro                       fone: +64-7-856-2889
   Computer Services Dept                     fax: +64-7-838-4066
   University of Waikato            electric mail: ldo@waikato.ac.nz
   Hamilton, New Zealand    37^ 47' 26" S, 175^ 19' 7" E, GMT+12:00


I'm afraid I missed the start of this thread, but there are three factors that
can significantly affect QuickTime's playback speed that you may want to take
into account:

(1) playback bit depth (things are fastest when you play a
movie back at the bit depth it was compressed for, this is usually 8 or 16
bit, but other depths are (of course) possible).

(2) type of scaling (QT is optimized for "double size" scaling, other scaling
factors hit peformance much harder).

(3) playback window position (MoviePlayer limits your window placement choices
to advantagous pixel boundaries by default, I'm not sure about Premiere).

Any combination of those can radically alter playback performance.  Image size
is, of course, another biggie.  Giving the movie player lots of RAM can also
make a real difference.

Forgive me if these were mentioned earlier in the thread...

-Peter Lee

 
--
/-------------------- Peter E. Lee, Software Conductor ----------------------\
|                       Specular International, Inc.                         |
|       lee@cs.umass.edu or (413) 256-1329 (H) or (413) 549-7600 (W)         |
\-------- Beauty is 24 bits deep, plus eight bits of alpha channel ----------/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38874
From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer

In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
> Hi,
> 
> I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
> images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
> graphics board running X11.

	xli, xloadimage or ImageMagick - export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] /contrib

	Graeme Gill

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38875
From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: POVray : tga -> rle

In article <ltqp28INNpa7@pageboy.cs.utexas.edu>, jhpark@cs.utexas.edu (Jihun Park) writes:
> Hello,
> I have some problem in converting tga file(generated by POVray) to
> rle file. When I convert, I do not get any warning message. But
> if I use xloadimage/getx11, something is wrong.
> 
> Error messages are,
> % targatorle -o o.rle data.tga
> % xloadimage o.rle
> o.rle is a 0x0 24 bit RLE image with no map (will dither to 8 bits), with gamma of 1.00
>   Dithering image...done
>   Building XImage...done
> xloadimage: X Error: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation) on 0x0
> xloadimage: X Error: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) on 0xb00003
> ......

	This happens when your X server has run out of memory. You need
more memory or you need to quit any un-neccessary running clients.

	Graeme Gill.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38876
From: sherman@unx.sas.com (Chris Sherman)
Subject: Re: POVray : tga -> rle

In <1rkkb6$gec@st-james.comp.vuw.ac.nz> Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (Craig Andrew Humphrey) writes:


>In article <ltqp28INNpa7@pageboy.cs.utexas.edu>, jhpark@cs.utexas.edu (Jihun Park) writes:
>>Hello,
>>I have some problem in converting tga file(generated by POVray) to
>>rle file. When I convert, I do not get any warning message. But
>>if I use xloadimage/getx11, something is wrong.

>[edited]

>>I know that I need to install ppmtorle and tgatoppm, but I do not spend
>>time to install them. Even I do not want to generate .rgb from POVray
>>and then convert them to rle, if possible.(.rgb to rle works, but
>>it will mess up my directory with so many files, and it needs 2 more
>>steps to finally convert to rle file. say cat | rawtorle | rleflip )
>>Does any body out there have same experience/problems ?


>Well for starters, why use rle files?  

Exactly...

I didn't want to mess with tga or rle.  So I wrote the following script. 
All you need is the very standard set of pbm utilities. 

This script is a .pov to .jpg converter.  Just run it like this:

  pov2jpg 1280 1024 fred.pov 

You will need to modify the path's in the script to reflect where you put
povray and its include files.  If you have a problem with disk space, you
can use named pipes instead of temporary files.

I hope you find it useful...

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#!/bin/sh

if [ $# -lt 3 ] ; then
  echo "usage:  $0 width height sourcefile.pov other_options"
  exit
fi

width=$1
height=$2
datafile=$3
shift 3

#basedatafile=`echo $datafile | sed -e "s/\(.*\)\.pov/\1/"`

thedatafile=`basename $datafile` 
basedatafile=`basename $datafile .pov` 
dirdatafile=`dirname $datafile` 

cd $dirdatafile
/afs/rnd.sas.com/u/sherman/pov/povsrc/build/povray \
  +l/afs/rnd.sas.com/u/sherman/pov/povscn/include \
  +o/tmp/data$$ +w${width} +h${height} +fr +i${thedatafile} $*

echo " "
rawtopgm $width $height < /tmp/data$$.grn > /tmp/green$$
rawtopgm $width $height < /tmp/data$$.red > /tmp/red$$
rawtopgm $width $height < /tmp/data$$.blu > /tmp/blue$$
rgb3toppm /tmp/red$$ /tmp/green$$ /tmp/blue$$ | cjpeg > ${basedatafile}.jpg 
rm /tmp/red$$ /tmp/green$$ /tmp/blue$$ /tmp/data$$.grn /tmp/data$$.red \
   /tmp/data$$.blu
echo "Wrote output to ${basedatafile}.jpg"

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

--
     ____/     /     /     __  /    _  _/    ____/
    /         /     /     /   /      /     /          Chris Sherman
   /         ___   /        _/      /          /
 _____/   __/   __/   __/ _\    _____/   _____/           sherman@unx.sas.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38877
From: wier@merlin.etsu.edu (Bob Wier)
Subject: Adobe Photoshop Mailing List

I've done a bit of looking, and havn't been able to 
come up with a mailing list or newsgroup for users
of Adobe Photoshop.  Assuming I've just not missed
it, I'll go ahead and see if there is enough interest
to start a mailing list (and/or alt. newsgroup).

Drop me a note if  you might be interested in subscribing.

THANKS!

--Bob Wier (NOT of the Grateful Dead :-)

======== insert usual disclaimers here ============
  Bob Wier, East Texas State U., Commerce, Texas
          Historic Image Processing Project
  wier@merlin.etsu.edu (watch for address change) 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38878
From: wilmshurst@reg.triumf.ca (WILMSHURST, PETER)
Subject: Re: morphing

In article <13742@news.duke.edu>, seth@north6.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman) writes...
> 
>Keywords: 
> 
>I am looking for some morphing programs for DEC's or pc's. I looked for a program
>called dmorph using archie but could not find it. I found a progrmam call
>morpho but it only did grayscale images. Does anyone know where I should look?

Try searching for DMORF, I think it's located on wuarchive.wustl.edu in a
mirror directory... I've used it before, & it was pretty good!

Pete Wilmshurst
email:	wilmshurst@reg.triumf.ca


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38879
From: eric.vitiello@tfd.coplex.com (Eric Vitiello) 
Subject: 3DS: Where did all the te

TO: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk (R Hawkes)

RH>I've noticed that if you only save a model (with all your mapping planes
RH>positioned carefully) to a .3DS file that when you reload it after restarting
RH>3DS, they are given a default position and orientation.  But if you save
RH>to a .PRJ file their positions/orientation are preserved.  Does anyone
RH>know why this information is not stored in the .3DS file?  Nothing is

    This is because the PRJ (Project) format saves all of your settings,
    right down to the last render file's name.

RH>I'd like to be able to read the texture rule information, does anyone have
RH>the format for the .PRJ file?

    Sorry... Don't have anything on that or the CEL format.

....r.c V.t.ell. .r...
---
 . DeLuxe./386 1.25 #959sa . .....Stupid ..... Line ...}. Noise!!
                                                                                         

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38880
From: walter@uni-koblenz.de (Walter Hower)
Subject: Re: PARAMETRIC/VARIATIONAL DESIGN

Here now some initial references; best regards - Walter.
@InProceedings{Keirouz:et:al:90,
  author = 	"Walid Keirouz and Jahir Pabon and Robert Young",
  title = 	"{Integrating parametric geometry, features, and
		 variational modeling for conceptual design}",
  booktitle = 	"International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology",
  year = 	"1990",
  editor = 	"{J.\ R.}\ Rinderle",
  pages = 	"1--9",
  organization = 	"American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)",
  OPTpublisher = 	"",
  OPTaddress = 	"",
  OPTmonth = 	"",
  note = 	"Proceedings"
}


@InProceedings{Yamaguchi:Kimura:90,
  author = 	"Yasushi Yamaguchi and Fumihiko Kimura",
  title = 	"{A constraint modeling system for variational geometry}",
  booktitle = 	"{Geometric modeling for product engineering}",
  year = 	"1990",
  editor = 	"{Michael J.}\ Wozny and {J.\ U.}\ Turner and {K.}\ Preiss",
  pages = 	"221--233",
  organization = 	"IFIP",
  publisher = 	"Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.\ (North-Holland),
		 Amsterdam, The Netherlands",
  OPTaddress = 	"",
  OPTmonth = 	"",
  note = 	"Selected and Expanded Papers form the IFIP WG 5.2/NSF
		 Working Conference on Geometric Modeling, Rensselaerville, NY, U.S.A.,
		 18--22 September 1988"
}

@InProceedings{Chung:et:al:88,
  author = 	"{Jack C.\ H.}\ Chung and {Joseph W.}\ Klahs
		 and {Robert L.}\ Cook and Thijs Sluiter",
  title = 	"{Implementation issues in variational geometry and
		 constraint management}",
  booktitle = 	"Third International Conference on
       CAD/CAM, Robotics and Factories of the Future (CARS and FOF'88)",
  year = 	"1988",
  OPTeditor = 	"",
  OPTpages = 	"",
  OPTorganization = 	"",
  OPTpublisher = 	"",
  address = 	"Detroit, Michigan, USA",
  month = 	" August 14--17,",
  note = 	"Proceedings, probably: Springer-Verlag,
		 Berlin/Heidelberg, 1989"
}

@Article{Kimura:et:al:86,
  author = 	"Fumihiko Kimura and Hiromasa Suzuki and Toshio Sata",
  title = 	"{Variational Product Design by Constraint Propagation
		 and Satisfaction in Product Modelling}",
  journal = 	"Annals of the CIRP",
  year = 	"1986",
  volume = 	"35",
  number = 	"1",
  pages = 	"75--78",
  OPTmonth = 	"",
  note = 	"(probably) International Institution for Production Engineering Research"
}

@Article{Kimura:et:al:87,
  author = 	"{F.}\ Kimura and {H.}\ Suzuki and {H.}\ Ando and {T.}\ Sato and
		 {A.}\ Kinosada",
  title = 	"{Variational Geometry Based on Logical Constraints
		 and its Applications to Product Modelling}",
  journal = 	"Annals of the CIRP",
  year = 	"1987",
  volume = 	"36",
  number = 	"1",
  pages = 	"65--68",

@InProceedings{Chung:Schussel:89,
  author = 	"{Jack C.H.}\ Chung and {Martin D.}\ Schussel",
  title = 	"{Comparison of Variational and Parametric Design}",
  booktitle = 	"Autofact '89",
  year = 	"1989",
  OPTeditor = 	"",
  pages = 	"5-27 -- 5-44",
  OPTorganization = 	"",
  OPTpublisher = 	"",
  address = 	"Detroit, Michigan, USA",
  month = 	"October 30 -- November 2,",
  note = 	"Conference Proceedings"
}


@Article{Pabon:et:al:92,
  author = 	"Jahir Pabon and Robert Young and Walid Keirouz",
  title = 	"{Integrating Parametric Geometry, Features, and
		 Variational Modeling for Conceptual Design}",
  journal = 	"International Journal of Systems Automation: Research
		 and Applications (SARA)",
  year = 	"1992",
  volume = 	"2",
  OPTnumber = 	"",
  pages = 	"17--36",
  OPTmonth = 	"",
  OPTnote = 	""
}

@Article{Kondo:90,
  author = 	"Koichi Kondo",
  title = 	"{PIGMOD: parametric and interactive geometric
		 modeller for mechanical design}",
  journal = 	"CAD, computer-aided design",
  year = 	"1990",
  volume = 	"22",
  number = 	"10",
  pages = 	"633--644",
  month = 	"december",
  note = 	"Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd"
}


@InProceedings{Zalik:et:al:92a,
  author = 	"Borut {\v{Z}}alik and Nikola Guid and Aleksander Vesel",
  title = 	"{Parametric Design Using Constraint Description Graph}", 
  booktitle = 	"CAD '92, Neue Konzepte zur Realisierung
		 anwendungsorientierter CAD-Systeme",
  year = 	"1992",
  editor = 	"{Frank-Lothar} Krause and Detlev Ruland and Helmut Jansen",
  pages = 	"329--344",
  OPTorganization = 	"",
  publisher = 	"Informatik aktuell, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg",
  OPTaddress = 	"",
  month = 	"14./15.\ Mai",
  note = 	"GI-Fachtagung, Berlin"
}


@InProceedings{Murtagh:Shimura:90,
  author = 	"Niall Murtagh and Masamichi Shimura",
  title = 	"{Parametric Engineering Design Using Constraint-Based Reasoning}",
  booktitle = 	"AAAI-90, Eighth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  year = 	"1990",
  OPTeditor = 	"",
  pages = 	"505--510",
  organization = 	"American Association for Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher = 	"Proceedings, Volume One, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, U.S.A.",
  address = 	"Boston, MA",
  month = 	"July 29 -- August 3,",
  OPTnote = 	""
}


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38881
From: rigby@echo.unr.edu (Wayne Rigby)
Subject: Re: Need gif/iff file format

In article <1rkjm5$i2q@bigboote.WPI.EDU> rtaraz@bigwpi.WPI.EDU (Ramin Taraz) writes:
>Could somebody please _email_ me some info on either what gif or iff
>file formats are, or where I can get such info?

Well, GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format and was put forth by
Compuserve back in 1987(?) or so.  It was to create a format that could be
read and displayed by any system.  GIF is limited to 8 bit color but has
a built in compression scheme (LZW?).

IFF is not really a graphics format, but rather a standard way to package
images, sounds, animations, text, or whatever into one file.  IFF was
created by Electronic Arts, I do believe (I could be wrong), for the Amiga.
It was quickly adopted as pretty much the standard file format for the Amiga.
The most common image format for the IFF package is an ILBM (InterLeaved
BitMap?) but many others exist.  This format supports 24 bit color images.

Information on both of these and many more are available via anonymous ftp at
zamenhof.cs.rice.edu in the directory /pub/graphics.formats
(Taken from the FAQ for this news group.)  :)

Wayne Rigby
rigby@cs.unr.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38883
From: bkidd@esk.compserv.utas.edu.au ( Byron John Kidd)
Subject: POV 286 ?? Where??

Sorry if this is a FAQ but :

    "Where can I get a 286 (16 bit) version of POV-Ray ? "

Any help would be greatly appreciated.

I need the 286 version since Turbo Pascal won't let me run a 32 bit
program from within my program.  Any info on this would also be a
great help.

                                Thanks,

                                    Byron.

bkidd@esk.compserv.utas.edu.au
B.Kidd@cam.compserv.utas.edu.au
-- 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Byron Kidd                       |  E-Mail :
    Computing Services               |

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38884
From: rmalayte@grumpy.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter)
Subject: GeoSphere Image

Article 31 of alt.graphics:
Newsgroups: alt.graphics
Path: news.nd.edu!moliere!rmalayte
From: rmalayte@moliere.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter)
Subject: GeoSphere images via ftp?
Message-ID: <1993Apr26.213648.26856@news.nd.edu>
Sender: news@news.nd.edu (USENET News System)
Organization: University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame
Date: Mon, 26 Apr 1993 21:36:48 GMT

Does anyone know if a digitized version of the GeoSphere image is
available via ftp?  For those of you who don't know, it is a composite
photograph of the entire earth, with cloudcover removed.  I just think
it's really cool.  It was created with government funds and sattelites
as a research project, so I would assume it's in the public domain.

Thanks for any info,
	Ryan


||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
||"College men get smashed and break something,           ||   --     ---   ||
|| College women get smashed and get broken."             ||    |\     |    ||
||       -Robin Wilson              ======================|| ------------\  ||
||        President,                ||Ryan P. Malayter    ||  | |   \  |  | ||
||        Chico State University    ||332 Stanford Hall   || ------------/  ||
||==================================||Notre Dame, IN 46556||    |     \|    ||
|| N.D. Dept. of Physics/Comp. Sci. ||>>>malayter@nd.edu<<||   ---     --   ||
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38885
From: 9130037@golum.riv.csu.edu.au (CHAN Yin Mei)
Subject: help! colour display restriction/limitation

hi netters,

	I'm doing a project which is about image analysis.  Firstly, I
have to find out any restrictions or limitations on the colour display
on various kind of workstations, they are DECstation, HP, Amiga, Apollo.

	Secondly, I read from some graphic texts that image is displayed
in 24 bites(please point out to me if I got it wrong).  But, the images
which I will deal with are displayed in 16 bites by the software they
are using currently.  So, will there be any problems to display them
under X-windows in the future? Because we are thinking to implement the
GUI by X-windows for our project


	Is there any person here can help me to solve the problem or
query above?  Or, give me some advice or suggestion where I can find
them out. 

	Please send me an e-mail if there are any.  Thanks in advance.



						Yours
			
						Christine Chan


my address : 9130037@golum.riv.csu.edu.au
						

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38886
From: kenyee@sneakers (Ken Yee)
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

In article <1993Apr21.170403.22855@yang.earlham.edu>  
joshuaf@yang.earlham.edu writes:
> Are there any TIFF to anything programs out there for the IBM?
> Our scanner works into TIFF, and I can view it on CSHOW 8.1, but 
> all of my other programs read errors.  Are there any basic Tiff to 
> JPEG, GIF, PCX, BMP, etc...?
  Try WinJPEG on oak.oakland.edu:pub/msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip
  It has more TIFF support than graphics workshop.  It also converts to
  all the above formats...

 ken

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38887
From: pat@nick.csh.rit.edu (Pat Fleckenstein (A jedi in training))
Subject: Re: 3-D widget wish list?


What I'd like to see is the more generic N-dimensional widget set.
I realize, that there wouldn't be a whole shitload of people
who'd want more than 3, but why stop?

All I need is a Widget with up to N viewports showing me different
3-D or 2-D slices of my stuff.

alter,
pat

-- 
  pat@ritcsh.csh.rit.edu*paf3580@ritvax.rit.edu*paflecke@spectrum.xerox.com
*****************************************************************************
    "All Objects are Macroscopic, Invisible, Non-Physical, or otherwise
     Non-Heisenbergish.  Fuck the Cat!"  -- me

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38888
From: bultman@dgw.rws.nl (G.W.Bultman)
Subject: RGB/HLS/HSV conversion routines wanted

Hi,

I'm looking for RGB (cube) --> HLS (double hexcone) --> HSV (cylinder) 
conversion routines. I have RGB <--> HSV, but miss the HLS <--> RGB/HSV.

PLEASE E-MAIL ME DIRECTLY, AS I DO NOT GET THIS NEWSGROUP AT MY SITE
--------------------------------------------------------------------

Any and all help wil be greatly appreciated.
Gert.

--

    o      Gert Bultman <bultman@dgw.rws.nl> Phone (..31) 70 3744956     o
  / | \    SNAIL   Rijkswaterstaat, Dienst Getijdewateren, Afd. AOCT   / | \  
 o--o--o   MAIL:   POSTBUS 20907, 2500 EX The Hague, The Netherlands  o--o--o 
  \ | /                                                                \ | / 
    o      ( ---  Please mark all personal mail "PERSOONLIJK"  --- )     o    


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38889
From: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk (R Hawkes)
Subject: Re: 3DS: Where did all the texture rules go?

eric.vitiello@tfd.coplex.com (Eric Vitiello) writes:

>TO: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk (R Hawkes)

>RH>I've noticed that if you only save a model (with all your mapping planes
>RH>positioned carefully) to a .3DS file that when you reload it after restarting
>RH>3DS, they are given a default position and orientation.  But if you save
>RH>to a .PRJ file their positions/orientation are preserved.  Does anyone
>RH>know why this information is not stored in the .3DS file?  Nothing is

>    This is because the PRJ (Project) format saves all of your settings,
>    right down to the last render file's name.

>RH>I'd like to be able to read the texture rule information, does anyone have
>RH>the format for the .PRJ file?

>    Sorry... Don't have anything on that or the CEL format.

Well, I dived in feet first and reverse engineered the .PRJ file as much
as I needed to - extracted the mapping icon information - which is
when it dawned on me that 3D Studio is useless for my needs. I need
a mapping icon per applied texture.  I want to use a special purpose
graphics computer for rendering the 3DS models and it requires a texture
rule/plane to be specified in 3Space, i.e. position/orientation of the
mapping rule.  Since only one mapping icon is used in 3DS to apply
textures to ALL objects/faces, it renders (no pun intended) 3DS totally
unsuitable for my needs.

Anyone got a contact for Alias Upfront or any other good modeller for a
PC?  I must be able to specify texture rules (one per texture) and this
must be saved in a file which I can read.  I haven't found any info on Alias
in the copy of the faq that I have.

Rych

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38890
From: peng@cipserv1.physik.uni-ulm.de (WEIGUO PENG)
Subject: SW convert plot to ASCII file

I am looking for software that reads a plot in PCX or other format and 
converts it into x,y coordinate.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38891
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: Best FTP Viewer please.

==============================================================================
Could someone please tell me the Best FTP'able viewer available for MSDOS
I am running a 486 33mhz with SVGA monitor.
I need to look at gifs mainly and it would be advantageous if it ran
under windows...........thanks

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38892
From: remcoha@htsa.aha.nl (Remco Hartog)
Subject: RGB to HVS, and back

I have a little question:

I need to convert RGB-coded (Red-Green-Blue) colors into HVS-coded
(Hue-Value-Saturnation) colors. Does anyone know which formulas to
use?

Thanks!

R.W.Hartog  remcoha@solist.htsa.aha.nl

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38893
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: WANTED: 24 bit viewer


In article <5731@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
|> 
|> Thanks to the people who helped me with the problem of
|> displaying 24 bit images. All the viewers like xli,
|> xloadimage and display are converting the 24 bit images
|> to 8 bit before display them on the screen.
|> 
|> What I really want is a viewer with make use of the 24 bit
|> frame/screen buffer (in our case, the Parallax one).
|> 

Try ImageMagick. I cannot test it but one told me it does 24bit.
Anyway, are you SURE your Xserver supports 24bit TrueColor visuals ?
Check with xdpyinfo !

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38894
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: comp.graphics.research??


I have not seen articles in comp.graphics.research for a long time.
Does it/he work anymore?

I have seen many conference related postings in comp.graphics,
and it is hard to believe that people have not tried to post them to
c.g.research.

If somebody has not got his article to comp.graphics.research, then
write to me or post here.


Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38895
From: etllnfr@magrathea.ericsson.se (Lyndon Fletcher)
Subject: Polaroid Palette system?????????????????????


Does anyone have any information on the Polaroid Palette system. It appears to
be a gadget for transfering graphics images to film. Does anyone have any detail
about it like the maximum supported resolution or types of video input????

What did Polaroid market them as?????



Fletch
--
"All irregularities will be handled by the forces controlling each dimension.
 Trans-uranic heavy elements may not be used where there is Life. Medium atomic
 weights are available -- Gold, Lead, Copper, Jet, Diamond, Radium, Sapphire,
 Silver, and Steel. --- Sapphire and Steel have been assigned......."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38896
From: z_nixsp@ccsvax.sfasu.edu
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

> There is a program called Graphic Workshop you can FTP from
> wuarchive.  The file is in the msdos/graphics directory and
> is called "grfwk61t.zip."  This program should od everthing
> you need.
> 
> TMC
> (tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)
> 

Could you be more specific?  I need that file too but couldn't find it 
amongst ALL the directories at wuarchive.

-Page
Z_NIXSP@CCSVAX.SFASU.EDU

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38897
From: lightwave-admin@bobsbox.rent.com (LightWave 3D Mail List Administrator)
Subject: Monthly LightWave mailing list FAQ


----------------------   LightWave3D Mail-List   ----------------------

-- WHAT IS LightWave? --

LightWave3D is part of a suite of programs that come bundled with a
device called the "Toaster" (from NewTek, Inc.) that operates on an
Amiga platform.  The LightWave software (LightWave=LightWave3D and
LightWave Modeler) allows and artist to create three dimensional
photo-realistic images for a variety of purposes.

-- WHY ARE WE DOING THIS? --

This mailing list is for those interested in the LightWave software, how
it operates and in ideas on how to obtain the best quality images
available to them.  The list is for those who own the Toaster and
LightWave as well as those just interested in what can be done with the
package.  We hope to share information, tips, procedures and to bond as
a group.

-- WHAT ARE THE RULES? --

Since LightWave/Modeler are just a part of the Newtek Video Toaster
software, I'm sure we will discuss a few items related to the operation
of the Toaster.  However, we will strive to keep the subject revolving
specifically around the 3D software, related tools and products.

You do NOT have to own a Toaster to join this list!

-- OK! HOW DO I JOIN? --

To become a member of the LightWave3D mailing list you must send a mail
message to the address:

        lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com

In the body of the message enter:

subscribe lightwave-l your.name@your.site.domain

Or just ask to be signed up and I will sign you up to the list.  At this
point in time the process is manual but I hope to get an automated
script based system in place soon.  There shouldn't be too much of a
delay in joining.  Expect a "welcome" message within 5 days after you
send your request.  Then, expect the mail to start flowing in!

-- HOW DO I POST TO THE LIST? --

Contributing to the list is simple.  Just mail your articles to the
following address:

        lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com

Your article will be processed by the system and distributed to all
others joined to the list.  Your articles will also be sent to you so
you know that your article has made it to the list.  However, those
addresses that are either no good or no longer active will bounce back
to you.  So, if you post an article and another members address is no
longer valid, your original article will be returned to you.  This
doesn't mean it hasn't been posted to the list.  In fact, just the
opposite is true. It means that your article WAS posted and that it
couldn't be sent to one or more of the members of the list due to a bad
address.

NOTE: I hope to have a fix for this behavior soon.

-- HOW DO I QUIT THE LIST? --

Simply mail a request to be removed from the list to the same address
you used to sign up:

        lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com

In the body of the message enter:

unsubscribe LightWave-l your.name@your.site.domain

I will remove your name from the list of members.  PLEASE, if you join
the list and your account is going to be closed or if you will not be
able to receive mail for a while, send a request to be removed from the
list!  If you are just going to lose access for a short while still send
a request for a suspension of your membership and I will suspend
forwarding of the articles to you.


-- WHAT ABOUT OLD ARTICLES? --

I am currently archiving all the articles posted to the list at the
originating site (bobsbox).  However, I can not continue to do this due
to lack of disk space.  What we need is a volunteer that will maintain a
compendium of articles sent to the list.  They can compress and store
them in archives on their system.  They can then periodically post an
index of the contents of the compendium and any other information that
relates.

If there are no volunteers then maybe someone can donate a large SCSI
hard drive to me for archival purposes. <grin>

I have setup a mail-based file server so that anyone interested in the
list can obtain information as well as the entire archive of past
articles, the membership listing and other information pertaining to
the LightWave3D mailing list. For information on this service, please
send a mail message to:

        fileserver@bobsbox.rent.com

The first command to the server must be "HELP" or "USER name <passwd>".

Use HELP to request a current copy of the helpfile.
Use USER name [passwd] to connect to the service.
Use ?    to get a short listing of all available commands.



-- NOW WHAT DO I DO? --

Well, sit back and enjoy the pouring out of information.  If you have
something to offer, please feel free to contribute that information to
the list.  Every little bit helps.  Questions are welcomed!  It makes
some of us feel important when we can answer them. <grin>

If you have any questions or comments regarding the list, please contact
me at the address:

        lightwave-admin@bobsbox.rent.com

Cheers,


Bob Lindabury

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38898
From: Ad-Robot@bobsbox.rent.com (Robotic Posting Menace!)
Subject: Your one stop GRAPHICS shop!



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         "It's better than a sharp stick in the eye!" - Andy Meyer


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Featuring:

   o    A graphics specific system for those of you interested in
        such things as 3D graphics, image processing, animation,
        clip-art and the latest in public domain graphics programs!

   o    Graphics specific mailing lists such as Imagine 3D, DCTV
        and Lightwave 3D mailing lists aliased to easy to read
        forums which you can join and read.  Many more to come!

   o    FREE UseNet access and free netmail to sites all over the
        world!  The ability to contact software/hardware developers
        right at their mainframes just by sending them netmail from
        The Graphics BBS!  Not to mention your kids at college or your
        parents FROM college.

        With our quick connections and reliable links, you can have
        your mail sent around the world in a matter of minutes!

   o    A unique conference (Bulletin) section.  The abilty to join
        and keep track of only the conferences that you enjoy.

        The ability to read in files from your own personal file area
        for use in messages.  Also, with proper access, you can create
        your own conference and moderate it.

   o    Newsfeeds from USENET that include topics such as graphics,
        Mac, Amiga, IBM, science, erotica, ham radio, Star Trek,
        scuba diving, programmers forums, game designers forums, and
        cyberspace forums.

   o    The most sophisticated, but easy to learn and use mail system
        ever created for a PC!  You can easily read your mail, delete
        it or move it to your personal directory for storage and reply
        to it.  You can attach files to your mail and send it to
        another member.  A smart sendmail feature ensures accurate
        addressing of netmail.

   o    Ability to send mail and messages to ArpaNet, USENET, Internet,
        BITNET and any of the networks that interface with them around the     
        world such as Fidonet, PeopleNet and the UUCP network of university
        and research facility systems.

   o    A file library containing downloads for most popular computers
        featuring an easy to learn and use system.  The library features
        master directory listing, newscan and search capabilities as
        well as complete Archived file listings.

        The file library supports most popular transfer protocols
        such as X,Y,Z modem as well as advance protocols such as
        HS-Link and Bi-Modem.

        The file library also doubles as a file-server for users from
        other sites all around the world!

   o    Complete control over your environment.  You select whether
        you want hot-key control, menus, -more- prompting etc.  You
        can define your cancel key and choose your terminal emulation.

        You can also edit your personal login script to do what you
        want it to do.

   o    Online Games (Global War, Jet Combat Simulator, etc.).  New
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   System Administator - Bob Lindabury - bobl@graphics.rent.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38899
From: rrpolder@cs.ruu.nl (Roderick Polder)
Subject: Re: DXF to PCX,GIF,TIF or TGA?

In <murashiea.16@mail.beckman.com> murashiea@mail.beckman.com (Ed Murashie) writes:

>Does anyone know of a program for the PC that
>will take AutoCad DXF format files and convert
>them to a raster format, like PCX, GIF, etc?
>Thanks in advance....
>				ED

I'm also interested in such a program. But most of all I'd like to know 
wich program is able to convert GIF or PCX to DXF !!! When I have this 
program, I can scan pictures and frase (or something like that !) them.
This will be beyond the limit !!!

		****** Roderick ******


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38900
From: un034214@wvnvms.wvnet.edu
Subject: NTSC data to RGB ?  For Video Capture.

Does anyone know how to decode the color information of a NTSC signal ?

I need to convert this data to RGB for a Video Capture Utility I am 
writing for use with an IBM M-MOTION Video adapter card...

I need to know the how the V and U signals work in the color process.

Thanks in advance for any information or algorythms etc.

Later-
Hammonck Net

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38901
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Best FTP Viewer please.

SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK wrote:
: ==============================================================================
: Could someone please tell me the Best FTP'able viewer available for MSDOS
: I am running a 486 33mhz with SVGA monitor.
: I need to look at gifs mainly and it would be advantageous if it ran
: under windows...........thanks

FTP to wuarchive.wustl.edu,
change into mirrors/msdos/graphics
get "grfwk61t.zip"
This is the DOS version of Graphic Workshop.  There is a Windows version which
you could probably find in the mirrors/msdos/windows3 directory but I don't 
know what the file name is. 

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38902
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

Jennifer Lynn Urso (ju23+@andrew.cmu.edu) wrote:
:  
: well, i have lots of experience with scanning in images and altering
: them.  as for changing them back into negatives, is that really possible?

: (stuff deleted)

: jennifer urso:  the oh-so bitter woman of utter blahness(but cheerful
: undertones)

I use Aldus Photostyler on the PC and I can turn a colour or black and white
image into a negative or turn a negative into a colour or black and white
image.  I don't know how it does it but it works well.  To test it I scanned
a negative and used Aldus to create a positive.  It looked better than the
print that the film developers gave me.


-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38903
From: dma7@po.CWRU.Edu (Daniel M. Alt)
Subject: Interesting conversion Problem


	I have a very large (3x5 feet) file in Macintosh Canvas v2.something
which I need to import into AutoCad 12 in the least disk-space intensive
way possible.  (i.e. EPS is a big problem, since it took 1.3 MEG to encode
one page of the document)  The file is entirely lines and words.  I have
access to networked Macs & PC's, and ftp.  Can anyone suggest how this might
be accomplished?  Email replies, if you would, I don't read this group much.
Thanks in advance.
-- 
Daniel Alt  	Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH (Help me!)
I don't HAVE ulcers. I'm a carrier. |   I can't see you, so don't pretend to be
I don't like spreading rumors, but what else can you do with them? |      there
I don't practice what I preach because I'm not the kind of person I preach to.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38904
From: kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA (Kardan Kaveh)
Subject: Re: Human head modeling software

In article <C65wBp.6K4@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil> adaptive@cs.nps.navy.mil (zyda res acct) writes:
>>Hi, there!
>>I am interested in facial animation and want to implement some program about this area.
>>But I don't have any 3-D information for the face.
>>I am looking for some 3D images of face.
>
>Try getting the Cyberware_demo via ftp which contains 3D images of the
>face.
>

What is the copyright status of this data?  Are there restrictions regarding the
uses they can be put to?

Kaveh


-- 
Kaveh Kardan
kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38905
From: stern@brahms.udel.edu (Garland Stern)
Subject: looking for hot Mac 3D anim software

I am interested in finding 3D animation programs for the Mac.
I am especially interested in any programs that don't exist
in a PC port and are so good that they would make me go buy
a Mac.  Do any such exist?

Thanks in advance

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38906
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

In <C5wD3w.Bqs@skates.gsfc.nasa.gov> xrcjd@mudpuppy.gsfc.nasa.gov (Charles J. Divine) writes:
>In article <1r3lf9$fu0@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu> Mark A. Cartwright <markc@emx.utexas.edu> writes:
>>Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...
>But the Question was later revealed to be:  What is 9 x 6?  (In the
>base 13 system, of course.)

If you read the last couple of books in the series closely (well, #3 and #4
at least), there are at least two points at which the real Question is
implied.  Conversations proceed much like:

Zaphod: What *is* the ultimate Question, I wonder?
Arthur (not paying much attention to Zaphod, but needing a random seed for
  the Infinite Improbability Drive): Think of a number, any number.

Actually, it may be Marvin who uses this phrase a few times as well, and
everytime it's arranged such that "Think of a number, any number" could be
an answer to someone's question about the Question.

I kind of like it.  Very mystifying.  It's not even "pick a number" or
"tell me a number", just "think of one".


-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"Use the flipper!"

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38907
From: ttrusk@its.mcw.edu (Thomas Trusk)
Subject: re: GeoSphere Image


In article <1993Apr27.231613.27558@news.nd.edu> rmalayte@grumpy.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter) writes:
>
>Does anyone know if a digitized version of the GeoSphere image is
>available via ftp?  For those of you who don't know, it is a composite
>photograph of the entire earth, with cloudcover removed.  I just think
>it's really cool.  It was created with government funds and sattelites
>as a research project, so I would assume it's in the public domain.
>
>Thanks for any info,
>	Ryan
>

 I have a copy of 'The Earth-From Space' on my wall that I purchased
from Space Shots, Inc. (LA, CA  (800) 272-2779).  As printed on the
poster, the image was created by Tom Van Sant and the GeoSphere Project.
The image IS copyrighted, so I doubt that you'll find it legally in
the public domain.  Part of the proceeds from the sale of the image go to the 
GeoSphere Project (an environmental education thing), and the cost is
nominal, so crack a 20 and buy one!  Also, I don't think it's always
safe to assume that just because the government 'funded' a project, any
products will be provided for free.  Many government agencies (NASA, NOAA)
and some private groups (National Geographic) provided assistance to the
GeoSphere Project.  This collaboration seems to be mostly oriented to
educating the public, rather than pure research.

*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
*Dr. Thomas Trusk                    *                              *
*Dept. of Cellular Biology & Anatomy * Email to ttrusk@its.mcw.edu  *
*Medical College of Wisconsin        *                              *
*Milwaukee, WI  53226                *                              *
*(414) 257-8504                      *                              *
*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
DISCLAIMER: I have no affiliation with any of the above mentioned groups.
This is just my opinion, not a flame or advertisement. Where am I?
Who turned off the lights?  What's that funny noise? I feel strange...
AAAUUUGGGGHHHHH.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38908
From: matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu (Eliza Strickler)
Subject: Re: I donwloaded a .bin file from a unix machine - now what?

niko@iastate.edu (Nikolaus E Schuessler) writes:

>In article <matess.735934793@gsusgi1.gsu.edu> matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu (Eliza Strickler) writes:
>>I just donwloaded a *.bin file from a unix machine which is
>>supposed to be converted to a MAC format. Does anyone know 
>>what I need to do to this file to get it into any Dos, Mac
>>or Unix readable format. Someone mentioned fetch on the unix
>>machine - is this correct? Could someone explain the .bin
>>format a little?
>>

>This is almost certainly a MacBinary file which is an encoded version
>of a mac file so the Resource fork and Data fork get preserved.
>You need a program that converts this to a regular file. If this is a
>macbinary file, you may have downloaded it in Text mode and is probably
>corrupt (if you did). If you're using FTP to transfer it at any point make sure
>you type "binary" first.

>If you can open the file with a text editor and find
>(This file must be converted with Bin....
>at the top, it is a BinHex file and can be decoded with
>BinHex 4.0 (among other programs).

I opened the file with a text editor and it looks like:

^Vnetwork storyboardpictPICT8BIM^E^......

I have already tried BinHex which does not seem to work. 
Any other ideas?

>-- 
>Niko Schuessler               
>Project Vincent Systems Manager              email: niko@iastate.edu
>Iowa State University Computation Center     voice: (515) 294-1672
>Ames IA 50011                                snail: 291 Durham 
-- 


\|/--_   -_-      ----           ###         _- ----------------------
-0    -_-   --       -__ %~- ____#0        _-   Elizabeth Strickler
|\     ^                 0\~     /\   /\  -     
|_(___/ \_    ||_________/     _/  |_/  \_      matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38909
From: wpwood@darkwing.austin.ibm.com
Subject: Re: HPGL viewer and utilities


In article <27APR93.23959946.0053@music.mus.polymtl.ca> "Gaetan Lord, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal" <DG03@music.mus.polymtl.ca> writes:

   Hi

   I would like to know if there is any software, PD or not, who
   could produce X11 output of HPGL file on RS/6000. And same kind of
   software who could produce hardcopy on postscript and lasetjet.

Try export.lcs.mit.edu.  I think that there is a viewer there called
xviewgl.  Check the README in /contrib.



--
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Bill Woodward        | wpwood@austin.ibm.com   <-- Try this first
AIX Software Support | billw@aixwiz.austin.ibm.com  
Graphics Group       | 512-838-2834
I am the terror that flaps in the night.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38910
From: muchor@fuw.edu.pl (Krzysztof Muchorowski)
Subject: GIF to Targa

Hello,
   Subject says it all. I need a GIF to Targa converter, so that my
dta15 could make a .FLI of them.
      Krzysztof




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38911
From: gvanvugh@cs.uct.ac.za (Gerhard van Vught)
Subject: Re: Viewing JPEG files

In <1993Apr28.202500.3384@ucbeh.san.uc.edu> lwilson@ucbeh.san.uc.edu writes:

>Can I view JPEG files without special hardware?
>  
>    Lucy Wilson, Access Services Librarian
>    College of Engineering, University of Cincinnati

Yup.

Most JPEG viewers seem to require specific video drivers since they support
only specific video cards. Some have the standard IBM BIOS video support for
the VGA 320x200 256 colour mode, but they leave out the other cards such as
the Hercules monochrome card (which by the way can give very good picture
quality if your dithering works right).

I can't remember the name of a JPEG viewer since I usually convert JPEG's to
GIF's before viewing them. But some require VESA driver for the video cards.
You don't need any special hardware to view JPEG's except perhaps for a VGA
card and maybe a 286+ processor. Most people these days program for 286+
computers and neglect the rest of the 86 processors (8086, 8088). I have a
8088 clone (a NEC V20 processor) and a Hercules card, I have had to write
some programs so that they will view GIF's and animations for the VGA and other
colour graphics boards on my monochrome Hercules card. I use Floyd-Steinberg
dithers and have found that if one does something neat with the colour palette
the resulting dithered image gives much greater detail than it normally would
when viewed on other monochrome systems. CompuShow 8.50 has FS dithering but
it does the standard thing with the image palette before dithering, my way
gives a brighter more detailed image.

Anyway, enough of my rambling in the wrong direction. The final point is, as
far as I know, you don't need extra hardware to view JPEG's other than the
VGA (and perhaps a 286 or better)

Have a day!

Gerry.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38912
From: larry@ducktales.med.ge.com (Larry Landwehr)
Subject: Corel Draw or Harvard Draw?

My wife wants to publish a newsletter. She's no artist, so she intends to
use comercial clipart and customise it a bit by drawing a circle or a box
around it etc. 
 
We have MSPublisher for manipulating text, but it is not suitable for doing
much with graphics, so she needs a more specialised tool. Right now she's
looking at Corel Draw and Harvard Draw. There seem to be more books in the
stores on Corel than on Harvard, so she's inclined to go with Corel on the
basis of popularity. Can anyone give us an informed opinion on which 
package would be more suitable or if there is an even better alternative
available? If this is a FAQ, please withhold the flames and just send the
location of the FAQ document. Thanks.
 
Three PS's:
 
1) Is it ok to use clip art from Harvard Draw or whatever for commercial
   purposes?
 
2) We have a 600 dpi Laser Jet 4 printer. What would be a good scanner for
   reading in paper clipart?
 
3) How about someone starting up a newsgroup on desktop publishing if one
   doesn't exist?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38913
From: ket01@rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE (Dr. Reinhard Moeller)
Subject: Real Time Visualization

Hello,

I am interested to hear from people working in the field of visual
simulation, ie driving simulation, flight simulation etc.
Would be very pleased to see, what is going on in the field of research
and industrial development.

For those of you interested as well: There is a workshop (preferedly 
held in German), situated in Wuppertal, November 18/19 1993, specially
related to the above topic.
The title:

"Sichtsysteme - Visualisierung in der Simulationstechnik"

Complete details are available. Please contact me.

R. Moeller
rmoe@welfag.elektro.uni-wuppertal.de 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38914
From: prevost@eos.arc.nasa.gov (Michael Prevost)
Subject: Re: GeoSphere Image

rmalayte@grumpy.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter) writes:

>Article 31 of alt.graphics:
>Newsgroups: alt.graphics
>Path: news.nd.edu!moliere!rmalayte
>From: rmalayte@moliere.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter)
>Subject: GeoSphere images via ftp?
>Message-ID: <1993Apr26.213648.26856@news.nd.edu>
>Sender: news@news.nd.edu (USENET News System)
>Organization: University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame
>Date: Mon, 26 Apr 1993 21:36:48 GMT

>Does anyone know if a digitized version of the GeoSphere image is
>available via ftp?  For those of you who don't know, it is a composite
>photograph of the entire earth, with cloudcover removed.  I just think
>it's really cool.  It was created with government funds and sattelites
>as a research project, so I would assume it's in the public domain.

This image is copyrighted. Early in another news group it was being
used as a texture map in a planet orbiting simulation. That program
was being freely distributed but the texture map picture for the 
earth had to be pulled because of copyright infringement issues. 

mp....

-- 
Michael Prevost
Sterling Software
moffett Field Ca.
prevost@eos.arc.nasa.gov

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38915
From: pmartz@dsd.es.com (Paul Martz)
Subject: Re: Kubota Kenai/Denali specs

In article <1rkntjINNd00@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu>, lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu writes:
> Okay, I got enough replies about the Kubota Kenai/Denali systems that I
> will post a summary of their capabilities.  [ ... ]
> 
> GRAPHICS
> 
> Transform Modules	1-6			1-6
> Frame Buffer Modules	5,10,20			5,10,20
> Frame Buffer		1280x1024x24bit		1280x1024x24bit
> 			double buffered		double buffered
> Z-buffer		24-bit			24-bit
> Alpha/stencil		8-bit			8-bit
  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Does this mean they can either do alpha or stenciling, but not both
simultaneously?

> Stereo support	yes			yes
> Other:			both machines will double buffer or do
                                                                 ^^
> 				stereo output per window.  Both have an
> 				auxiliary video output that is RS-170A,
> 				NTSC, and PAL

Same question again, does this mean they can either do double
buffering or stereo, but not both simultaneously?
-- 

   -paul	pmartz@dsd.es.com
		Evans & Sutherland

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38916
From: wes@uf.msc.edu (Wes Barris)
Subject: Re: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer

In article <1993Apr27.152315.12305@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>, lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley) writes:
|> 
|> In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
|> 
|> >I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
|> >images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
|> >graphics board running X11.
|> 
|> Utah raster toolkit using getx11. Convert your sun raster files (presumably) to 
|> ppm with the pbm+ toolkit then convert ppm to utah rle format with ppmtorle which
|> is provided in the toolkit.

Or just use the URT tool: rastorle.

|> 
|> I seem to remember that Xloadimage can do 24 bit servers too.

Yes, both it and the newer xli can.

===============================================================================
Wes Barris                                                   PH: (612) 626-8090
Minnesota Supercomputer Center, Inc.                         Email: wes@msc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38917
From: wes@uf.msc.edu (Wes Barris)
Subject: Re: WANTED: 24 bit viewer

In article <5731@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
|> Hello,
|> 
|> Thanks to the people who helped me with the problem of
|> displaying 24 bit images. All the viewers like xli,
|> xloadimage and display are converting the 24 bit images
|> to 8 bit before display them on the screen.
|> 
|> What I really want is a viewer with make use of the 24 bit
|> frame/screen buffer (in our case, the Parallax one).

Both xli and xloadimage will display in 24 bit color if a 24 bit visual
is available.  Check the output of xdpyinfo to see if one is.

===============================================================================
Wes Barris                                                   PH: (612) 626-8090
Minnesota Supercomputer Center, Inc.                         Email: wes@msc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38918
From: guest@rkw-lan.cs.up.ac.za (Guest user)
Subject: CGA help wanted

Hi there,

I'm looking for help on hi-rez CGA modes (hey, i know it sounds crazy but at
the moment it's got to do). My card's manual says it does something like
640 by 400 2 colour and 640 by 200 4 colour (the card has 64k memory). Could 
anyone give me some help on how to implement these modes (Assembly language 
is fine). Any other usefull tips on the CGA regs will also help.

Thanx in advance...

Frans.


My eMail is

leander@up.ac.za

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38919
From: UC512052@mizzou1.missouri.edu (David K. Drum)
Subject: What has happened to DKB-L@TREARN???

Hello,
 
I've been on the DKBtrace/PoVray mailing list out of trearn.bitnet
for some time now, but when I tried to post the other day the
listserv told me that the list doesn't exist!  So I got a global
list of groups from the listserv and - - NOTHING!  I grepped every
string I could think of.  If Frank, Ville Saari, Andre Beck, or anyone
else who's a regular on DKB-L can tell me what is going on, please do!
 
Regards,
 
David K. Drum uc512052@mizzou1.missouri.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38920
From: iharkest@Lise.Unit.NO (Inge Harkestad)
Subject: Tangent vectors of Kochanek-Bartels splines

I'm working on a system which uses a given set of 3D key frame
positions (x,y,z) to control an imaginary camera movement.  I'm
using Kochanek-Bartels splines (as described in the SIGGRAPH '84
proceedings) to create a variable number of inbetweens between
the key frames.  I want the inbetweens to be given in the form
(x,y,z,dx,dy,dz) where the last three argumentsa are the x, y and
z component of the viewing direction vector of the camera when
positioned at (x,y,z).

The method presented by Kochanek and Bartels only deals with the
positions of the inbetween view points to be generated.  I've
tried to set the viewing direction at a view point equal to the
chord between the two adjacent view points (which in general are
not key frames), but this causes a sligt discontinuity of the
viewing direction vector at the key frame positions (although
the spatial movement seems to work fine; and I'm quite certain
- I think :) - that I've not simply made an implementation
error...)

Now I wonder if anyone out there has used this spline form for
similar purposes and how they decided the viewing vectors.
I'd appreciate replies to be emailed to me at
  iharkest@lise.unit.no
Anyone else interested in the answer will be sent a summary of
the replies if they contact me.

-- 
 _________     __________________
\\        \\  \\
 \\ N G E  \\==\\ A R K E S T A D     iharkest@lise.unit.no         Comp. Sc.
  \\________\\  \\_______________     NTH (Norwegian Institute of Technology)

          "Some people play hard to get, I play hard to want" (Ford Fairlane)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38921
From: einkauf@austin.ibm.com (Mark Einkauf)
Subject: Re: Need help: Z-buffering lines & areas together


  David Gorgen writes:

> I'm asking for help on a sticky problem involving unreasonably low
> apparent precision in Z-buffering, that I've encountered in 2 different
> PEX implementations.  I can't find any discussion of this problem in any
> resources I can lay hands on (e.g. the comp.windows.x.pex FAQ, Gaskins's
> _PEXlib_Programming_Manual_, vendors' documentation).
>
> ....
>
> The problem to be solved is to eliminate or minimize "stitching"
> artifacts resulting from the use of Z-buffering with polylines that are
> coplanar with filled areas.  The interpolated Z values along a line will
> differ slightly, due to roundoff error, from the interpolated Z values
> across an area, even when the endpoints of the line are coincident with
> vertices of the area.  Because of this, it's a tossup whether the
> Z-buffer will allow the line pixels or the area pixels to be displayed.
> Visually, the result tends to be a dashed-line effect even though the
> line is supposed to be solid.
>
> Using the PEXlib API, my approach to a solution is to use two slightly
> different PEX view mapping transforms, in two view table entries, one
> for the areas and one for the lines.  The PEX structures or immediate-
> mode output must be organized so that one view table index is always in
> effect for areas, and the other is always in effect for lines.  The
> result is a slight shift in NPC Z coordinates for the lines, so as to
> attempt to bias the tossup situations in favor of the lines.
>
> This shift is effected by moving the front and back clipping planes used
> in the PEXlib view table entry for lines just a hair "backwards" (i.e.
> smaller VRC Z coordinates), compared to their positions in the view
> table entry used for areas.  This means that when a point is transformed
> to NPC, its Z value will be slightly bigger if it comes from a line than
> if it comes from an area, thus accomplishing the desired bias.
>
> I would expect the Z roundoff errors which cause the problem to amount
> to a few units at most, out of the entire dynamic range of the Z-buffer,
> typically from 0 to 65535 if not 16777215 (i.e. 16 or 24 bit Z-buffers).
> Therefore, it seems that a tiny fraction of the range of Z in VRC
> between the front and back clip planes ought to suffice to reliably fix
> the stitching.
>
> But in fact, experience shows that the shift has to be as much as 0.003
> to 0.006 of the range.  (Empirically, it's worst when the NPC Z
> component of the slope of the surface is high, i.e. when it appears more
> or less edge-on to the viewer.)  It's as if only 8 or 9 bits of the
> Z-buffer have any dependable meaning!  This amount is so great that one
> problem is replaced by another: sometimes the polylines "show through"
> areas which they are supposed to lie behind.
>
> I've observed the problem on both Hewlett-Packard and Digital
> workstation PEX servers, to approximately the same degree.  The test
> program demonstrates the problem on an MIT PEXlib 5.x implementation;
> this version is known to compile and run on an HP-UX system with PEX
> 5.1.
>
> Open questions:
>     (1) Why does this happen?
>         --  Am I configuring the PEX view table wrongly?
>         --  Is there a systematic difference in Z interpolation for lines
>             as opposed to areas (e.g. pixel centers versus corners) which
>             could be corrected for?
>         --  Are PEX implementors wantonly discarding Z precision in their
>             interpolators?
>         --  Something else?
>     (2) What to do about it?
>         --  Can I fix my use of the view table to allow better precision
>             in Z-buffered HLHSR?
>         --  Is there another approach I can take to remove the stitching
>             artifacts?
>         --  Am I just out of luck?
>

We here at IBM have the same problem with our workstations.  I was also
shocked when I first realized that you have to offset lines from fills by
about 16 bits (assuming 24 bit z buffer).  This seems huge, but is only
1/256 of the dynamic range.  In those terms it doesn't seem so bad.  What
is happening is that the interpolation in z is not totally linear, due
mainly to roundoff, I believe.  So the polygon is not planar in z, but is
more like a Ruffles potato chip.  Ditto with lines.  When you start/end at
different x/y values, the "ridges" are out of phase, resulting in the
stitch effect.  You have the same problem if you try to draw 1 polygon
right on top of another, but with different vertices.  You will likely see
a smeared effect where they overlap.
  Example:
  Try Polygon 1: (100,100,100) (100,200,100) (200,200,100) (200,100,100)
      Polygon 2: (125,125,100) (125,175,100) (175,175,100) (175,125,100)

Your implementation is correct.  In fact, we do a similar trick when
rendering primitives that have lines and polygons - such as NURBS surfaces
with isoparametric lines.  Without the trick, the lines appear stitched, as
you say.  When the application draws lines/polygons independently, the
system does not have the smarts to automatically do the z shifting, so the
application must do it.  This is what you have discovered and are doing.
Bravo!

(Note to IBM'ers:  The information given here has been previously disclosed
through proper channels so I'm not giving away any new unpublished info.)

-- 
  Mark Einkauf     [ einkauf@austin.ibm.com ]
  IBM - Advanced Workstations and Systems - Graphics Systems
  Austin TX
 * Views and opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of IBM Corp. *

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38922
From: s127@ii.uib.no (Torgeir Veimo)
Subject: virtual sound

I'm looking for algorithms or articles on virtual sound. What i want to do is
the following;

From a fast source, eg. a CDROM, several sound sources are read, each having
it's own defined position and other attributes, eg. direction etc.  Given the
listeners position and direction, the sum of sound played back in each of the
listeners earphones will be a function of this position and direction.  This
means that some simulation of the ears coloring of sound relative to it's
incoming direction have to be done for each sound source.  (I think this is
possible to do with a lookup table of impulse responses for several angles
relative to each ear, and interpolate an impulse function from this for a given
angle.  This impulse function could then be convoluted with the sound from the
source.  This impulse function must be changed every time some sound source
changes position or the listener changes orientation.)  Additionally some
reflection, diffusion and absorbtion due to the environment wich is defined
could be simulated, but this requires some sort of sound propagandation
simulation, kinda like some radiosity algorithm.  

Have someone done this and/or written articles on implementing such a system? 

Please post or mail any answers or comments.

-- 
Torgeir Veimo

Studying at the University of Bergen

"...I'm gona wave my freak flag high!" (Jimi Hendrix)

"...and it would be okay on any other day!" (The Police)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38923
From: hawks@seq.uncwil.edu (David Hawks)
Subject: Re: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

Jennifer Lynn Urso <ju23+@andrew.cmu.edu> writes:

>>    Also if anyone else is doing what I am planning I would be happy to hear
>>from you with any advice you might provide as to the computer system you
>>use and/or any peripherals or software.  It seemed the Quadra 800 would be
>>my best bet to modify photographic images.  I am planning on buying a Quadra
>>800 with 32Megs of RAM, a 510Meg Hard Drive, a 1200 dpi scanner, 17" Sony 
>>monitor and a 88Meg cartridge drive and perhaps a CD ROM.  I am new to
>>computers and any advice would be great.
> 
>well, i have lots of experience with scanning in images and altering
>them.  as for changing them back into negatives, is that really possible?
>scanning and altering is no big deal. i don't know what types of
>features you have in your version of photoshop.  but the one i use
>(which, incidentally is on a quadra) has gallery effects and all types
>of other neato stuff.
>i'm just wondering why you would want to put your images back into
>negatives, because once you print the image out-that's your print.
>do you know what exactly your aim is in all of this?  like, are you
>doing this just for fun, for a business, to gain more computer
>knowledge, for a project you're working on....
>otherwise, i guess i don't know if i'd be helping or not by posting info
>on scanning and stuff.
>ok?  cool.
>seeya

>jennifer urso:  the oh-so bitter woman of utter blahness(but cheerful
>undertones)

It is for a business and the end product has to be a photograph.
I take damaged black and whites, usually old, some very, and repair them
by hand at present.  I would like to do this by using a computer.
I am just trying to find a vendor who can convert my computer stored
images to negatives or thermal print.  The customer will want his/her
copy as much as possible like a brand new original photgraph.


-- David

ps. Thanks to all of you who have sent me information it was very
    helpful in my learning about computers combined with photography.
    If anyone else has any information I would be grateful.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38924
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Re: Kubota Kenai/Denali specs

In article <1993Apr28.151652.23080@dsd.es.com>, pmartz@dsd.es.com (Paul Martz) writes:
|>Does this mean they can either do alpha or stenciling, but not both
|>simultaneously?

I don't know the answer the to this one, although with 8-bits I would assume
that it was one or the other.

|>
|>> Stereo support	yes			yes
|>> Other:			both machines will double buffer or do
|>                                                                 ^^
|>> 				stereo output per window.  Both have an
|>> 				auxiliary video output that is RS-170A,
|>> 				NTSC, and PAL
|>Same question again, does this mean they can either do double
|>buffering or stereo, but not both simultaneously?

According to the literature, it will do quadruple buffering so that you
can have double buffered stereo output.

Brian

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38925
From: alford@novavax.UUCP (Steven Alford)
Subject: .gif to .wpg or .tiff converter

I am looking for an available program that would convert gif
files to other formats usable on DOS-based software such
as WordPerfect Presentations (which will handle .wpg and .tiff,
among others).  

Any suggestions would be appreciated.  Thank you very much for
your time and help.

Steve
alford@novavax.nova.edu
  
-- 
Steve Alford, Nova University 
3301 College Avenue, Ft. Lauderdale, Fl. 33314	
UUCP:	...{gatech!uflorida,ucf-cs}!novavax!alford
Internet: alford@novavax.nova.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38926
From: rak@crosfield.co.uk (Richard Kirk)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

It's the number of legs on a centipede.
So, now you know.




-- 
Richard Kirk         Image Processing Group    Crosfield Electronics Ltd. U.K.
rak@crosfield.co.uk  0442-230000 x3361/3591    Hemel Hempstead, Herts, HP2 7RH

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38927
From: stefanh@rahul.net (Stefan Hartmann)
Subject: Genoa's WindowsVGA24 true color board


                                        FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Editorial Contact:
Single Source Marketing:  Myra Manahan    (714) 545-1338
Genoa Systems:            Joseph Brunoli  (408) 432-9090
                          Neil Roehm      (408) 432-9090/Technical


                      Genoa Presents High Performance 
                        Video Graphics Accelerator

        SAN JOSE, Calif USA -- Genoa Systems Corporation announces 
WINDOWSVGA 24,  a True Color 24-bit graphics accelerator card that 
delivers up to 16.8 million colors at speeds faster than the 
competition.  Plus it offers a full range of resolutions, high 
refresh rates as well as unique proprietary performance features.  
The card is available in both 16-bit ISA bus and 32-bit VESA Local 
bus versions (models 8500 AND 8500VL).
        With 1MB DRAM on board, the WINDOWSVGA 24 card offers 
maximum resolution up to 1,280 x 1,024 and supports a refresh rate 
of 72Hz at 800 x 600 and resolution up to 1,024 x 768 
non-interlaced. Both models provide performance many times greater 
than standard SVGA boards, yet conform to all current video 
standards.
        WINDOWSVGA 24 features Genoa's FlickerFree(tm) technology, 
which eliminates screen flash and flicker to make viewing much more 
comfortable.  the cards also come with Safescan(tm), a utility 
developed by Genoa to eliminate the black border around the screen 
and thereby provide 100-percent screen use for overscanning monitors.
        WINDOWSVGA model 8500VL takes full advantage of the speed 
offered by the new VESA Local bus technology.  Most VL bus cards 
will only handle data transfers up to 33MHz, but the 8500VL will 
transfer data at the full speed of the CPU, up to 50MHz.  Genoa is 
also offering this card in the "TurboBahn" combination packaged 
with their TURBOEXPRESS 486VL motherboard.
        Built around the Cirrus Logic GD-5426 GUI accelerator, 
WINDOWSVGA 24 offers the user an exceptional price/performance 
value.  Genoa's advanced proprietary drivers act to "turbocharge" 
the chip, thereby providing an affordable accelerator card with 
power and performance that surpass many of the more highly priced 
chip cards.  The Genoa user will enjoy optimal speed and 
reliability for such programs as Windows, AutoCAD, AutoShade, 3D 
Studio, OS/2, OrCAD and more.  Driver updates and product bulletins 
are available on Genoa's BBS at (408) 943-1231.
        Genoa Systems manufactures and markets an extensive line of 
graphics adapters, motherboards, audio and multimedia cards for 
IBM-compatible personal computers.  All products come with a two 
year limited warranty on parts and labor.  Genoa products are 
currently distributed worldwide through authorized distributors, 
resellers, VARs and systems integrators.
        For more information contact Joe Brunoli, Marketing 
Manager, Genoa Systems at 75 E. Trimble Road, San Jose, Calif. 
95131; Tel: (408) 432-9090 or (800) 934-3662; Fax: (408) 434-0997.

        
-- 
Stefan Hartmann <stefanh@rahul.net>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38928
From: lwv26@cas.org (Larry W. Virden)
Subject: Looking for patches to xv to better support TIFF output


Recently we have found TIFF manipulation packages which do not recognize
TIFF files output by xv.  This is due to a missing XRESOLUTION and YRESOLUTION
tag which apparently is required (or at least believed to be required) for
valid TIFF.  I have checked both xv 2.x and xv 3.x and neither of these
do indeed copy these tags.

Has anyone out there hacked in the fixes for xv to support these tags?
I have been told that I could find some code in tiff/tools/tiffcp.c, but
that directory is one of many of the tiff group not distributed with xv.  I
hope to obtain the original tiff src and look at it, but would prefer
to find code already known to work in xv.
-- 
:s 
:s Larry W. Virden                 INET: lvirden@cas.org
:s Personal: 674 Falls Place,   Reynoldsburg, OH 43068-1614

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38929
From: 92brown@gw.wmich.edu
Subject: PC paint program (NeoPaint v1.1?)--Help

I am looking for a shareware graphics package called NeoPaint v1.1.  I 
saw it in a shareware catalog and was hoping that I could FTP it from 
the net but have been unable to locate it.  I have tried Archie and I 
have gone through the entire comp.graphics newsgroup looking for some 
reference to it and have found none.  I have  also looked through the 
FAQ and also no reference.  The program is called NeoPaint v1.1 and if 
anyone has heard of it or knows where I can get it I would appreciate 
it.

Suggestions for other PC based shareware paint programs would also be 
appreciated. Email me your responses.

Much thanks,
Sean

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38930
From: schwartz@ils.nwu.edu (diane schwartz)
Subject: re: SIGKids Research Showcase Call

It was brought to my attention that there was an oversight in the SIGKids
Research Showcase Call for Participation and Entry Form.

Please note that the SIGKids Research Showcase is part of 
SIGGRAPH '93, August 1-6, 1993 Anaheim, California.

Thank you,

Diane Schwartz
SIGKids Committee Member
Institute for the Learning Sciences
1890 Maple Avenue, Suite 150
Evanston, Illinois 60201

schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38931
From: tlau@cs.ubc.ca (Tony Lau)
Subject: 3-D widget wish list?

I am very interested in hearing from all of you who are using or implementing
3-D interactive applications what types of 3-D widgets you would
like to have in your applications.  

A 3-D widget is usually located in the same scene as other 3-D objects of the 
application.  It may let you

- manipulate application data, the camera,
  3-D objects in the scene and so on, or
- view the status of the application or 3-D objects
  via the widget's shape, color, position, orientation and so on, or
- do whatever I missed but you think is possible.

For example, a manipulative widget can be virtual trackball (shown as a
partially transparent sphere) super-imposed on the object to be rotated.
A feedback widget can be a ruler with ends anchored to 2 objects.  The length
of the ruler changes as the objects move and a numeric value is shown on the
ruler indicating the distance.  A widget can provide both manipulation and
feedback.  For example, the ruler can be used to change the distance between
the objects along its own axis.


Please e-mail me or post your opinions on 3-D interaction.  The information
I gathered will help me design a 3-D UI construction tool.
Your help is very much appreciated.

Tony Lau
<tlau@cs.ubc.ca>
M.Sc. Student
Dept. of Computer Science


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38932
From: hollasch@kpc.com (Steve Hollasch)
Subject: Re: Kubota Kenai/Denali specs

lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu:
> Okay, I got enough replies about the Kubota Kenai/Denali systems that I
> will post a summary of their capabilities.  [ ... ]
> 
> GRAPHICS
> 
> Transform Modules           1-6                     1-6
> Frame Buffer Modules        5,10,20                 5,10,20
> Frame Buffer                1280x1024x24bit         1280x1024x24bit
>                             double buffered         double buffered
> Z-buffer                    24-bit                  24-bit
> Alpha/stencil               8-bit                   8-bit

pmartz@dsd.es.com (Paul Martz):
| Does this mean they can either do alpha or stenciling, but not both
| simultaneously?

lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu:
> Stereo support              yes                     yes
> Other:                      both machines will double buffer or do
>                             stereo output per window.  Both have an
>                             auxiliary video output that is RS-170A,
>                             NTSC, and PAL

pmartz@dsd.es.com (Paul Martz):
| Same question again, does this mean they can either do double
| buffering or stereo, but not both simultaneously?

    For both these questions, it's an inclusive or.  Alpha plus stencil is
supported (they're separate), as is double-buffered stereo.

______________________________________________________________________________
Steve Hollasch                                   Kubota Pacific Computer, Inc.
hollasch@kpc.com                                 Santa Clara, California
            --- Barbie had it right; math IS hard. ---

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38933
Subject: PHIGS User Group Conference
From: hamlin@ug.eds.com (Griff Hamlin)



                FIRST ANNUAL PHIGS USER GROUP CONFERENCE

          The First Annual PHIGS User Group Conference was held March 21-24
          in Orlando, Florida.  The conference was organized by the Rensse-
          laer Design Research Center in co-operation with  IEEE  and  SIG-
          GRAPH.   Attendees  came  from five countries spanning three con-
          tinents.   A  good  cross-section  of  the  PHIGS  community  was
          represented  at this conference with participants including PHIGS
          users, workstation vendors, third-party PHIGS implementors, stan-
          dards  committee  members,  and  researchers  from  industry  and
          academia.  The opening speaker, Dr. Richard Puk, challenged PHIGS
          users  to  "take  charge of your PHIGS" by participating in PHIGS
          standardization activities and communicating their needs to PHIGS
          implementors.    The   closing  speaker,  Dr.  Andries  Van  Dam,
          described his vision of the future of graphics standards  "beyond
          PHIGS".

          Technical paper sessions in the conference covered the  following
          topics:  PHIGS  and  X, Application Toolkits, Application Issues,
          Texture Mapping, NURBS,  PHIGS  Extensions,  and  Object-Oriented
          Libraries and Frameworks.  Panel sessions on PHIGS and PEX, PHIGS
          Non-Retained Data, Real-World CAD Applications Using  PHIGS,  and
          Portability  Issues generated enthusiastic discussions and formed
          a good forum for exchange of ideas, needs, and experiences.   The
          conference  also included a day full of tutorials on topics rang-
          ing from mathematics for 3D  graphics  to  object-oriented  tools
          based on PHIGS.

          Next year's conference is planned for March, 1994.

          PHIGS EVERYWHERE

          At the conference, PHIGS  vendors   described   and  demonstrated
          PHIGS  products  that  run on all types of computers, from PCs to
          mainframes.

          Megatek Corporation demonstrated their PHIGS extensions including
          conditional traversal, composite logical input devices, texturing
          and translucency.

          Template Graphics  Software  launched  FIGARO+  PRO,  the  Photo-
          Realistic  Option  for  PHIGS+.  FIGARO+  PRO  is designed to add
          advanced rendering to the existing PHIGS+ API, with features like
          ray   tracing,  materials,  anti-aliasing  and  texture  mapping.
          Radiosity support is also planned.

          FIGARO+ is an example of how TGS continues to add newly  emerging
          graphics  features to their products.  FIGARO+ supports immediate
          mode extensions to PHIGS and also supports SUN XGL,  HP  Starbase
          and SGI GL/OpenGL. FIGARO+ for NT will be released this summer.

          TGS also demonstrated the latest versions of FIGraph, a  powerful
          "2-call"  charting  system  based on PHIGS+, and FIGt, an object-
          oriented utility library for PHIGS/PEX developers.

          G5G and Gallium Software demonstrated a new version of GPHIGS  on
          Silicon  Graphics  workstations. Scheduled for summer, 1993, Ver-
          sion 3.0 of GPHIGS, the company's  PHIGS+  library  for  worksta-
          tions,  will include an advanced PHIGS debugger that allows PHIGS
          developers to display and browse PHIGS structures and other PHIGS
          internal  state.  G5G  also  described  their Non-Duplicated Data
          Store that stores pointers to application data in the GPHIGS  CSS
          for  more  efficient  use  of  memory. In addition, G5G described
          their application GSE that allows application callback  functions
          during  GPHIGS traversal.  GPHIGS and PHIGURE, G5G's data visual-
          izer and application development toolkit, are currently available
          on  all  major  workstations  that support GL, X Windows, PEX, or
          Starbase.

          Wise Software presented a slide show of  Z-PHIGS  for  MS-Windows
          and ARENA, a PHIGS based modeller/render. Z-PHIGS implements most
          of the PHIGS+ primitives.  In addition Z-PHIGS has built in  many
          advanced  rendering features like texture mapping, shadow genera-
          tion, area quick updates and ray tracing. A demo disk of  Z-PHIGS
          or ARENA is available on request.

          ATC exhibited GRAFPAK-PHIGS, their full-featured PHIGS  implemen-
          tation  based  on  DEC  PHIGS. GRAFPAK-PHIGS is available on most
          workstation platforms with C, FORTRAN and Ada bindings and incor-
          porates PEX support.

          Within the booth sponsored by Advanced Technology Center, Digital
          Equipment  Corporation demonstrated DEC PHIGS V2.4 running on the
          DEC 3000/400 AXP PXG. ATCs' GRAFPAK-PHIGS is a port of DEC PHIGS.
          DEC  PHIGS  V2.4 contains most PHIGS and PHIGS PLUS features with
          support for PEX V5.1  protocol.  DEC  PHIGS  also  contains  most
          GM/EDS   PHIGS  extensions  including  post-to-view  as  well  as
          proprietary extensions to support immediate  mode  rendering  and
          the use of PHIGS in an X11 environment.

          AXP, DEC, and DEC PHIGS are trademarks of Digital Equipment  Cor-
          poration.  GRAFPAK-PHIGS and ATC are trademarks of Advanced Tech-
          nology Center. PEX and X11 are trademarks of Massachusetts Insti-
          tute of Technology.

          The IBM exhibit featured a GTO accelerator attached to an IBM 340
          workstation running graPHIGS and PEX.

          Hewlett Packard and SHOgraphics demonstrated at the conference. A
          Hewlett  Packard  machine was coupled to display on a SHOgraphics
          PEX terminal. HP showcased their latest  PHIGS  product  enhance-
          ments.


          PHIGS USER GROUP

          The PHIGS Users Group was formed to aid the development of  PHIGS
          applications  and provide user feedback to PHIGS implementors and
          PHIGS standards bodies.  For more  information  about  the  PHIGS
          Users Group, send e-mail to:

                    phigsug@cadrt10.me.vt.edu

          or write to:

                    Sankar Jayaram
                    Virginia Polytechnic Institute
                    114 Randolph Hall
                    Blacksburg, Va. 24061-0238
                    FAX: 703-231-9100


          VENDOR CONTACTS

          Megatek Corporation
          TEL (619) 455-5590
          FAX (619) 453-7603

          Template Graphics Software
          TEL (800) 544-4847
          FAX (619) 452-2547

          WISE software GmbH
          TEL +49-451-3909-413
          FAX +49-451-3909-499

          G5G - North American Sales
          TEL (800) 267-2626
          FAX (613) 592-1278

          Advanced Technology Center
          TEL (800) 999-5711
          FAX (714) 583-9213

          Digital Equipment Corporation
          TEL (603) 884-5111

          International Business Machines Corporation
          TEL (800) 426-3333

          Hewlett Packard Company
          TEL (303) 229-3800

          COPIES OF THE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

          Copies of the conference proceedings may be obtained by  contact-
          ing Mary Johnson at:

                    Johnson, Mary
                    Design and Manufacturing Institute
                    Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
                    110 Eighth Street
                    Building CII, Room 7015
                    Troy, NY  12180-3590
                    Tel:  (518)276-6754
                    Fax:  (518)276-2702
                    Email:  mjohnson@rdrc.rpi.edu


          The cost is $75.00 per binder.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38934
From: patel@enuxha.eas.asu.edu (Jayesh A. Patel)
Subject: PARAMETRIC/VARIATIONAL DESIGN



	Hi Everyone,

	I am looking for papers/articels/books or any other
	source of information about Parametric/Variational
	Design in CAD/Solid Modeling.

	Any suggetions/references would be greatly appreaciated.

	Thanks in advance.

	Jayesh

	patel@enuxha.eas.asu.edu ( IP No: 129.219.30.6)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38935
From: an056@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Gregory Winer)
Subject: An very broad question


I am considering creating a "demo" for the IBM PC for my band.
I would like to combine interesting graphics and a sample of 
my music in the program.  I have seen things like this
done for other platforms, and even a few for the PC, but since
I'm completly new to this, I have no idea wher to start.
I'm pretty sure that I am not skilled enough to put this 
together, but I was hoping that you (collectivly) could
A. Let me know what issues I need to worry about, things I
   Should take into consideration when developing the 
   concept.
B. Perhaps someone knows of a programmer/artist who would be interested
   in this type of a project.

I know these are rather broad questions, but any information
would be most helpful.  Thanks!!

-- 
Gregory Winer
an056@po.cwru.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38936
From: spl@pitstop.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back

In article <1993Apr28.094739.25200@htsa.aha.nl> remcoha@htsa.aha.nl (Remco Hartog) writes:
>I have a little question:
>
>I need to convert RGB-coded (Red-Green-Blue) colors into HVS-coded
>(Hue-Value-Saturnation) colors. Does anyone know which formulas to
>use?

I have a little answer:

See Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles
and Practice, Second Edition_.

[If people would *read* this book, 75 percent of the questions in this
froup would disappear overnight...]

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"My other car is a car, too."
                 - Bumper strip seen on I-805

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38937
From: davidla@ecs.comm.mot.com (David Lau)
Subject: GIF viewer source code for PC?

Does anyone know where I could get some source code for a GIF viewer on a PC.
It doesn't have to be fancy, it would be best if it were written in C to 
display gif pictures on a VGA screen.  I was hoping to get it for free
from an FTP site, but I haven't been able to find it yet.



--------
David Lau
davidla@ecs.comm.mot.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38938
From: sull@focus.csl.uiuc.edu (Sanghoon Sull)
Subject: Final call for papers






                             CALL FOR PAPERS
                             ===============


                        Progress In Neural Networks
                     Special Volume on Shape Analysis


                Omid M. Omidvar         Minsoo Suk
                 Series Editor        Volume Editor



Significant progress has been made recently in shape analysis using
neural networks and the energy minimization concept. Ablex Publishing
Corporation is planning a special volume on "Shape Analysis", scheduled
for this year.

This volume will be a part of "Progress in Neural Networks," an annual
book series reviewing research in modelling, analysis, design and
application of neural networks. The primary aim of this volume is to
present, in a single volume, the most important achievements made on
this important topic, which are otherwise scattered in diverse literature.

Authors are invited to submit original manuscripts detailing recent
progress. Suggested topics include, but are not limited to: shape modelling,
shape estimation, shape recovery, shape representation, shape matching,
surface reconstruction and surface decomposition. Research work utilizing
neural networks directly or based on energy minimization techniques such as
Markov random field, mean field annealing, simulated annealing, graduated
non-convexity algorithms and resistive networks are most welcome.

The paper should be tutorial in nature, self contained and preferably,
but not necessarily, about fifty double spaced pages in length. Please send
electronically (if you prefer, you can send a hardcopy to the address below)
an  abstract and an outline to
msuk@ima.enst.fr
by May 30, 1993. The full paper must be submitted by July 31, 1993 to:



Europe                                  USA

Professor Minsoo Suk                    Professor Omid M. Omidvar
Department IMAGES                       Computer Science Department
Ecole Nationale Superieure              University of District of Columbia
des Telecommunications                  4200 Connecticut Ave. N.W.
46, rue Barrault                        Washington D.C. 20008
75634 PARIS CEDEX 13                    Phone: (202)282-7345
FRANCE                                  Fax: (202)282-3677
Fax:33-1-45-81-37-94                    email: oomidvar@udcvax.bitnet
email:msuk@ima.enst.fr






Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38939
From: zyda@cs.nps.navy.mil (Michael Zyda)
Subject: ACM SIGGRAPH Registration Problem

A word of warning for those of you registering for SIGGRAPH '93.
I just received my registration form back in the mail with the
envelope marked "Return to sender. Moved - Left No Address.
Closed PO Box". The address I used to register for SIGGRAPH '93
is the one printed on the registration form:

     ACM SIGGRAPH '93
     PO Box 95316,
     Chicago, IL 60694-5316

I printed the envelope in my best printing, honest but evidently
SIGGRAPH '93 has skipped town or moved?

I ended up faxing my registration to: 312-321-6876. I hope that
number is real!

     Michael Zyda

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38940
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: NTSC data to RGB ?  For Video Capture.



Usually, you apply

[R]    [ 1     0        1.402   ][Y]
[G] =  [ 1  -0.34414   -0.71414 ][U]
[B]    [ 1    1.772     0       ][V]


after unlevelshifting U and V (subtracting 128 from them).

This matrix multiplication may give results out of RGB space, so you
have to clamp the resulting bytes to [0..255].
The conversion should be done with arbitrary big integers, not floats :)

This applies to YUV data whereas NTSC may have YIQ where a 33 degree
rotation to U/V is buid in.


--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38941
From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <1993Apr26.195313.4581@eye.com> jesse@eye.com (Jesse Lackey) writes:
>In article <1rguqoINNrc@edna.cc.swin.edu.au> alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen) writes:
>>I believe that the algorithms you can get that will only draw convex
>>polygons can be much more efficient than those that can draw
>>concave / self intersecting polygons. 
>>This efficiency can largely be attributed to the fact that 
>>simple convex polygons only have a left and a right edge on each scan line.
>>Complex (figure 8 type polygons) can be a bit trickier.
>
>It is true the convex algorithm is faster than a general concave/multi outline
>algorithm, but not tremendously faster.  I spent awhile implementing and
>optimizing both flavors, and the convex turned out about 10% faster.  This is
>all C (on HP PA-RISC the compiler got the inner loop [shooting the span] as
>fast as possible, as far as I could tell).  For any sort of game the database
>to render is known ahead of time, and can be made all convex.  Definitely the
>way to go.
>

Ok, thanks for help everyone! I still haven't found quite what I'm looking for,
but I've got finals coming up soon so I have to put all this on hold.
		Thanx,
		  //Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38942
From: amit@virgo.math.tau.ac.il (Amit Shaked)
Subject: Digital Terrain Data for Visualization Needed


We need terrain data for a visualization research currently taking place
in Tel-Aviv university. We have two databases that we are currently working
on, but we would like to work on more databases, possibly more complicated 
and ones that will give prettier images.

Before I describe what kind of data we need, let me mention that we are 
going to present a paper titled "Photo-Realistic Imaging of Digital Terrains"
which describes the research and the results, in the EUROGRAPHICS'93 
conference in Barcelona, this september. We are going to show a video-tape 
with some of our results, so any good data that we will receive will be 
presented in the tape, with a mention of the donator.

We are working on databases consisting of aerial or satelite photographs, 
and terrain elevation maps (DTM). 
Each database consists of a 2D array of height values (any data format can
be used for each value), and a corresponding 2D array of color values (can
be gray-level, 256-color value or full 24-bit R/G/B values. Other format can
also be used). We work on 512X512 and 1024x1024 resolution databases.

If anybody has access to this kind of data, or knows where we can get such
data files, please respond in this news group, or - better - email us
directly :

amit@math.tau.ac.il    (Amit Shaked), or
danny@indigo.bgu.ac.il (Daniel Cohen)

Of course, the names of the people who will help us get the data will be
cited in our paper, and in further publications.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38943
From: mharring@cch.coventry.ac.uk (MARTIN)
Subject: Ftp Site(s) with GIFS

I have been looking around some Ftp sites and cannot find one with any good
GIF files. Could someone please tell me of some Ftp sites which do posses
goods GIFS and a wide range.

Please EMAIL me at the address above.

Thanks

Martin



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38944
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Kubota vs. E&S Freedome


More people have been asking for information on the Kubota graphics
workstations, so here is some more info on the Kenai/Denali vs. the
E&S Freedom.


Here is the text of a Denali vs. E&S Freedom done by D.H. Brown Associates.

------

Denali bears a strong resemblance to Evans and Sutherlands Freedom graphics
subsystem in several aspects of its high-level design.  Both products use
a parallel array of 29050 processors for geometric computations.  Both
have a pixel router to connect this front end to a second array of
pixel processors.  As a result, Denali and Freedome overlap significantly
in performance and functionality.  Both design teams also appear to have 
similar philosophies with respect to modularity, scalability, and market
penetration.

There remain, however, several important differences between the KPC and
E&S products.  Evans and Sutherland designed Freedom as a high-end
developer's dream system with plenty of performance potential and
flexibility.  In its favor, Freedom has configurations from two to
sixteen floating point units, a border range that starts and ends at
a higher price and performance levels than Denali.  All Freedom
systems include a large, fixed number of pixel processors that
support a broader variety of color blending functions.  The Freedom
design treats its entire image memory as general-purpose memory, allowing
developers to allocate it on a flexible basis to a number of special-purpose
applications.  Finally, E&S provided Freedom with very flexible otput and
video integration features for multimedia and simulation applications.  Note
that KPC is working an auxiliary board for NTSC and PAL output that will not
require an external video encoder.  E&S programmable output features,
however, will remain much more flexible.

The KPC design team, in contrast, made Denali more of an end-user's system.
Entry version have better performance range and flexibility than low-end
Freedom configurations, and come in at more realistic mainstream price
points.  Denali does not need as many 29050 modules as Freedome because
it uses a deeper scan-conversion pipeline to support each one, resulting
in better cost/performance characteristics.  Although both products provide
strong support for 3D, imaging, and volume rendering, KPC recognized that
not all users will want an even mix of these capabilities.  Denali's
configuration flexibility allows customers in effect to purchase
geometric and pixel processing capabilities separately, and to upgrade
them separately as needed.

Both companies have implemented hardware texture mapping at
workstation price levels as a way to attack SGI's more expensive
VGXT and RealityEngine systems -- the only other products to provide
this capability.  KPC supports point sampling and bilinear interpolation
of textures in hardware, but provides only software support for the higher
qualtiy tri-linear interpolated mipmapping method.  On balance, however, Denali
provideds bettern overall texturing capabilities than E&S for most applications.
Aside from being much more affordable, KPC solutions deliver more parallelism
for texture processing and more off-screen memory for general graphics
data storage.  By implementing texture mapping on its transformation
modules, E&S foces customers to move very quickly to higher price levels
to obtain better texturing performance.  Kubota avoids this problem by linking
texturing to its Frame Buffer Modules, providing a lower-cost, more scalable
solution.

Hope this helps,

Brian

PS This was reprinted without permission.  For the full text, please contact
Kubota 408-727-8100.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38945
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: XV problems

In article <1993Apr27.143603.9351@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:
>
>2) Yes XV is an 8 bit program. This is not a bug.

Never claimed it is a bug.


>XV can import 24 bit images and quantises them down to 8 bits. This is a handy
>facility, not a bug.

Never claimed it is a bug.


>How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How
>would you group 'related' colours to edit them together? Only global
>changes could be done unless the software were very different and
>much more complicated.
>If you want to do colour editing on a 24 bit image, you need much
>more powerfull software - which is readily available commercially.

I guess I edited my note on this away from the article I posted to
many newsgroups.

I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.
This makes sense, because the main use of XV is only viewing images.

Doing many changes to image, we should keep all modifications
in a buffer; and then before making the operations to 24bit image,
we should simplify the operation list for unnecessary operations.


>And lastly, JPEG is a compression algorithm. It can be applied to any
>image of arbitrary bit depth. Again, this is not a bug.

Never claimed it is a bug.
I tried kept sure I don't claim that JPEG is noting else than
a compression algorithm, because I know what the JPEG is.
(You propably misunderstood what I wrote as you have done in many
places so far.)

You also missed what is (were) wrong with XV. However, I did wrote it.


Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38946
From: senderow@diva.Berkeley.EDU (Dan Senderowicz)
Subject: convertion program to gremlin

I was wondering if somebody knows of a PD program for converting
any graphic formats such as fig, pic, unixplot, tek, etc. to
gremlin. Thanks,

Dan.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38947
From: adaptive@cs.nps.navy.mil (zyda res acct)
Subject: Re: Human head modeling software

>In article <C65wBp.6K4@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil> adaptive@cs.nps.navy.mil (zyda res acct) writes:
>>>Hi, there!
>>>I am interested in facial animation and want to implement some program about this area.
>>>But I don't have any 3-D information for the face.
>>>I am looking for some 3D images of face.
>>
>>Try getting the Cyberware_demo via ftp which contains 3D images of the
>>face.
>>
>
>What is the copyright status of this data?  Are there restrictions regarding the
>uses they can be put to?
>
>Kaveh
>
>
>-- 
>Kaveh Kardan
>kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA

Kaveh,

all of the data included with in the Cyberware_demo is
non-proprietary, use it as you like. I just ask that you give us
credit if you use it in a research paper/project and send us the
results.

thanks,

geo
Cyberware
-- 
george dabrowski
Cyberware Labs

dabro@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38948
From: geoffw@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU (Geoffrey Warren Hicks)
Subject: Colour Transform for Red/Green Colour Blindness


Posted on behalf of Craig Southeren who does not have access to
a net account:
-------------------------------------------------------------------

Can anyone provide me with a colour space transform that would
emulate the effects of red/green colour blindness? I have had
a quick look in the computer graphics literature with no results.
Perhaps someone who has access to medical information could help?

I would like to write a program (probably a PPM filter) to allow
previewing of images to check for sufficient contract for colour
blind users. Not being colour blind myself, this is a bit difficult!

Please email replies - I will summarise and repost if there is
sufficient interest

    Craig


---------------------------------------------------------------------
Craig Southeren                      |  "You can have it good, cheap,
Chief Engineer,                      |   or fast. Any two."
Picture Start Productions            |      Arthur C. Clarke
email: c/- geoffw@ucc.su.OZ.AU       | 
phone: +61 2 959 5550                |  "Educate - don't legislate"
---------------------------------------------------------------------



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38949
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: RGB/HLS/HSV conversion routines wanted


In article <9304280923.AA26702@sun4nl.nluug.nl>, bultman@dgw.rws.nl (G.W.Bultman) writes:
|> Hi,
|> 
|> I'm looking for RGB (cube) --> HLS (double hexcone) --> HSV (cylinder) 
|> conversion routines. I have RGB <--> HSV, but miss the HLS <--> RGB/HSV.
|> 
	Have you checked Foley's book? The solutions are in chapter 13.

	Yeh
	USC


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38950
From: spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back

In article <ltu4buINNe7j@caspian.usc.edu> zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:
>|> See Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles
>|> and Practice, Second Edition_.
>|> 
>|> [If people would *read* this book, 75 percent of the questions in this
>|> froup would disappear overnight...]
>|> 
>	Not really. I think it is less than 10%.

Nah... I figure most people would be so busy reading that they wouldn't
have *time* to post. :-) :-) :-)

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"Until I meet you, then, in Upper Hell
Convulsed, foaming immortal blood: farewell" - J. Berryman, "A Professor's Song"

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38951
From: menchett@dws012.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?


I use Arts & Letters on a PC and if you make use of the Tracing Preferences
it traces beautifully. BUT - there's a trick to tracing. I've traced entire
cartoon images into custom clip art, but you can't expect to just point to
the image and get it just like that, it takes a little work (in some cases
a lot of work). You need to trace a drawing piece by piece, and then put it 
together... it's kinda hard to explain in type, but if you're ever in Reno
I can give you a little demonstration!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38952
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back


|> 
|> I have a little answer:
|> 
|> See Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles
|> and Practice, Second Edition_.
|> 
|> [If people would *read* this book, 75 percent of the questions in this
|> froup would disappear overnight...]
|> 
	Not really. I think it is less than 10%.

	Yeh
	USC


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38953
From: menchett@dws012.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti)
Subject: A graphic design newsgroup???

Which newsgroup discusses graphic design on PCs and macs?

Y'know like with Corel Draw??

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38954
From: hwstock@snll-arpagw.llnl.gov (stockman harlan w)
Subject: screen capture

Is there a DOS screen capture utility -- PD or shareware -- that will
work reliably with VESA 6a 800x600 screens?

Thanks, H.W. Stockman, hwstock@sandia.llnl.gov

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38955
From: menchett@dws012.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti)
Subject: Arts&Letters Graphics Editor


Does anyone on this group use this program? It stacks up pretty well to 
Corel Draw, and since I don't have a CDROM, it was the best buy...

Maybe someone would be interested in trading tips and tricks?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38956
From: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu (Ed Stastny)
Subject: Re: Ftp Site(s) with GIFS

mharring@cch.coventry.ac.uk (MARTIN) writes:

>I have been looking around some Ftp sites and cannot find one with any good
>GIF files. Could someone please tell me of some Ftp sites which do posses
>goods GIFS and a wide range.

Whatever you do, don't FTP to the sites listed in my sig...
 
You won't like what you find...really.  I beg you NOT to GO there!
PLEASE!

...e

--
Ed Stastny           | OTIS Project, END PROCESS, SOUND News and Arts 
PO BX 241113	     | FTP: sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS)
Omaha, NE 68124-1113 |      141.214.4.135 (projects/otis)
---------------------- EMail: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu, ed@sunsite.unc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38957
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: Colour Transform for Red/Green Colour Blindness


In article <geoffw.736035868@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU>, geoffw@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU
(Geoffrey Warren Hicks) writes:

>Posted on behalf of Craig Southeren who does not have access to
>a net account:
>-------------------------------------------------------------------

>Can anyone provide me with a colour space transform that would
>emulate the effects of red/green colour blindness? I have had
>a quick look in the computer graphics literature with no results.
>Perhaps someone who has access to medical information could help?
 
Certainly. Reference follows. 

Bear in mind that there are at least two conditions which may be called
red/green colour blind. One, protanopia, is caused by a lack or major
dysfunction of the L cones, those that respond best to long
wavelengths. This gives much reduced red/green and red/violet discrimination and
also means that reds look dimmer than than they do to people with normal vision.

The other, deuteranopia, is due to missing or dysfunctional M cones although it
can also be caused by a lack of the L-M cone difference signals in the retina.
It also gives reduced red/green discrimination but red/violet is unaffected. 
Unlike protanopia, reds are not dimmer than  normal.

On a uniform chromaticity diagram - the horseshoe shaped one you see in computer
graphics books - there is a single confusion point for each type of colour
deficiency. Colours which are confused lie on straight lines radiating from this
point. For protanopia the point is at u'=0.61,v'=0.51, very close to the far red
corner. For deuteranopia, the point is at u'=-4.75, v'=1.31

Note that different experimental investigations in the literature give slightly
different values for these depending on the precise details of the experimental
setup, random errors, and so on. The values quoted are typical.

So if all colours on a line are seen as the same, which colour is actually seen?

This problem has now been solved. Tests on people with one normal eye and one
affected eye have shown that there is an axis for each type of disorder onto
which all the colours collapse. For protanopes this joins up 473nm and 574nm on
the spectral locus (the edge of the horseshoe); for deuteranopes the line is
very similar,  joining 477nm and 579nm.

*So* to convert colours from normal vision to a simulated protanopia or
duuteranopia:

1) Plot the colour on a uniform chromaticity diagram
2) Construct a line from this point to the appropriate confusion point
3) Find the intersection of this line with the appropriate axis line
4) This is the new chromaticity. 

The best reference for this is Meyer, G.W. & Greenberg, D.P. (1988) 'Colour
defective vision and computer graphics displays', IEEE Computer Graphics and
Applications 8(5) 28-40.

You will also need a decent reference on basic colour science if you are not
familiar with the CIE XYZ colour model and the uniform chromaticity scale diagram.

>I would like to write a program (probably a PPM filter) to allow
>previewing of images to check for sufficient contract for colour
>blind users. Not being colour blind myself, this is a bit difficult!

Yes this is certainly possible. You will need the chromaticities of the red
green and blue phosphors of the monitor you intend to display the images on, and
the chromaticity of the white point. This information can be measured, or
obtained from the manufacturer. I posted a list of some monitor chromaticities a
couple of weeks ago.

The procedure, for each pixel (!) is as follows. (Some lookup tables might be a
help here.)

A) convert RGB to CIE XYZ. This is a simple 3*3 matrix multiplication once you
have the monitor data.
B) retaining the Y component for later, convert XYZ to chromaticity coordinates u'v'
using u' = 4X/(X+15Y+3Z), v' = 9Y/(X+15Y+3Z)
C) find the equation of the line as in step 2 above
D) find the intersection as in step 3
E) convert back from u'v' to XYZ, using the Y value from step A
F) Ensure that this new colour can be displayed on your monitor; if not, move it
along a line in XYZ space towards neutral grey (ie half way between black and
white) until it is displayable.

>Please email replies - I will summarise and repost if there is
>sufficient interest

Done; also posted for the rest of us.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk  
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38958
From: c557652@mizzou1.missouri.edu (Robert Woodward)
Subject: gif viewer

I am having trouble viewing GIF files on my system.  Large sections
don't show up.  I have tried VPIC and PICEM - both do the same.  I am
running a Gateway 486/33C with a Speedstar Plus VGA card and an
NEC Multisync 4Ds 16 inch monitor.  Any suggestions?  I don't know if 
Robert Woodward
Department of Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO  65212
e-mail:  c557652@mizzou1.missouri.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38959
From: eschbach@abc.wrc.xerox.com (Reiner Eschbach)
Subject: Re: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

In article <1993Apr28.162343.14513@seq.uncwil.edu> hawks@seq.uncwil.edu (David Hawks) writes:

>It is for a business and the end product has to be a photograph.
>I take damaged black and whites, usually old, some very, and repair them
>by hand at present.  I would like to do this by using a computer.
>I am just trying to find a vendor who can convert my computer stored
>images to negatives or thermal print.  The customer will want his/her
>copy as much as possible like a brand new original photgraph.

There are several CRT-to-film writers around. Agfa has some, they also might
be called Matrix?, and I am pretty sure other companies sell the same
equipment. You might want to talk to any company in your area that does
presentation slides or offers graphics services. They should have those
machines and they might point you to a local vendor. From there on it's all
a question of money. They units are essentially high res CRTs plus a filter
wheel plus a 35mm camera and a computer hook-up.

>-- David

Reiner

p.s. I am currently shooting my slides for my next talk on one of the Agfa
machines.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38960
From: lwilson@ucbeh.san.uc.edu
Subject: Viewing JPEG files

Can I view JPEG files without special hardware?
  
    Lucy Wilson, Access Services Librarian
    College of Engineering, University of Cincinnati


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38961
From: ecampbel@metz.une.edu.au (Ed Campbell)
Subject: libraries for text+math+graphics display?

Does anyone know of any c or c++ libraries for preparing
and displaying quickly pages of mixed text, mathematical equations,
and graphics (circles,ellipses,etc) on the vdu? The maths wouldnt
need to be up to TeX quality, but it would be useful to be scaleable.
The main thing would be to be able to generate the display quickly
from a minimum set of formatting code.
Thanks,
Ed Campbell

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38962
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back


In article <ltu4buINNe7j@caspian.usc.edu>, zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
writes:

>|> See Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles
>|> and Practice, Second Edition_.
>|> 
>|> [If people would *read* this book, 75 percent of the questions in this
>|> froup would disappear overnight...]
>|> 
>	Not really. I think it is less than 10%.

Or alternatively, 75% of the questions cover 10% of the topics in this group -
making them frequently asked.

So the other 25% cover 90% of the topics, making them rarely asked and thus in
sore need of answering ...

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38963
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: XV problems


In article <1rohjc$avt@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana) writes:

>In article <1993Apr27.143603.9351@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
>C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:

>> [moved on a bit]

>I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
>with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
>process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.
>This makes sense, because the main use of XV is only viewing images.
>
>Doing many changes to image, we should keep all modifications
>in a buffer; and then before making the operations to 24bit image,
>we should simplify the operation list for unnecessary operations.
>
Think about what you are saying here. The 24 bit image is quantised down to 8
bits so many 'similar' colours are mapped onto a single palette colour. This
colour gets modified in fairly arbitrary ways. You then want to apply these
modifications back to the 24 bit file, so you have to find which colours mapped
to this one palette colour. Ok you could do this by copying the 24 bit file to a
32 bit file and using the extra 8 bits to hold the index entry. 
Having done this, you need to do something to them ... what, exactly?

Apply the difference in RGB between the original and modified palette entry to
each colour in the group? This could generate colours with RGB outside the range
0...255. It would also lead to discontinuities when different parts of a smooth
colour gradient mapped to several different palette entries.

You could interpolate from full modification to no modification depending how
far each colour was from the palette entry. However I suspect this would look
rather odd.

So in summary, what I said in my previous posting still holds:

>>How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How
>>would you group 'related' colours to edit them together? Only global
>>changes could be done unless the software were very different and
>>much more complicated.

>>If you want to do colour editing on a 24 bit image, you need much
>>more powerfull software - which is readily available commercially.

In other words, to edit a 24 bit file you need software built for the job.
Tacking mods onto xv is going to create more problems than it solves.

As to the other bits - you seemed to be claiming that there were bugs in XV. If
that was not what you meant, then:

>(You propably misunderstood what I wrote as you have done in many
>places so far.)

Yes, I probably did. I found that the collected digest format of your posting
made it a little difficult to understand precisely what your point was. Sorry
if I misunderstood.

>You also missed what is (were) wrong with XV. However, I did wrote it.

Yes again. What *is* (was?) wrong with xv?

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38964
From: ip001b@uhura.cc.rochester.edu (Ivan Pulleyn)
Subject: PC Question - 256 modes?


Hi,
  I need to know if there is a 256 color graphics mode that allows multiple
pages.  I want something like mode 0x10 (640x350x16 2 pages).  I have been
experimenting with graphics by calling the BIOS with borland turbo c.  I
feel like I am flying blind in this area, and could use all the help that
you can give.

  Thanks,
	Ivan......


-- 
	+----------------------------------------+
	| Ivan Pulleyn - University of Rochester |
	| E-mail - ip001b@uhura.cc.rochester.edu |
	+----------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38965
From: mne@ing.puc.cl (Marcelo Neira Eid)
Subject: raw2gif ?

	Hello:
	can anybody help me to find a program that converts a format named
	"raw" (also known as "img") to the "gif" format or "jpeg" one.
	It's desirable to be for a unix machine than for a PC.

	(
	"Raw" format of a N*N image is a file that contain a tail of 
	N*N characters, each one referencing to the k*N+j pixel of the 
	monocrome image, where k and j lies between 0 and N-1.
	).
		
	
	Thanxs			mne@ing.puc.cL


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38966
Subject: PBM+ 10dec91 when's'the'new'version?
From: j3gum@vax1.mankato.msus.edu

Does anyone know if the fabled /new/ version of PBM+ will be out soon.  As
far as I know the /current/ version is 10dec91.
Jeff P. are you out there ? ?? ?

Jeffrey E. Hundstad

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38967
From: curdm@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu (Richard Mancuso)
Subject: * * * ASCII OR ANSI PICS..WHERE * * *

can someone tell me where i could find ansi or ascii pics?

I already found the gopher ascii pics.


thanks

Richard Mancsuo

curdm@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38968
From: wbrand@krishna.shearson.com (Willy Brandsdorfer)
Subject: digital cameras


	I'm interested in obtaining the highest possible image capture in a 
MS-Windows application. The resulting image must go to print and high resolution
is the name of the game. I'm familiar with (and unhappy with) composite video
capture technology. What kind of resolution can I get out of an SVHS signal? 
What about RGB (and who makes RGB cameras)? Does anyone have any experience
with digital cameras? 

Any help at all would be greatly appreciated.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
William Brandsdorfer            | UUCP:    !uunet!lehman.com!wbrand
Lehman Brothers                 | INET:    wbrand@lehman.com
388 Greenwich St.               | Voice:   (212) 464-3835
New York, N.Y. 10013            | 
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38969
From: steve@keystone.arch.unsw.edu.au (Stephen Peter)
Subject: Windows BMP -> something wanted

G'Day All,

I'm looking for a program to convert BMP images to GIF, TGA or even PPM.

I'd prefer a unix program, but Dos is fine also.

I've seen Alchemy (for DOS) and some windows image viewers which can save
an image in other formats, but what I'm after is a converter not a viewer...

Any help would be apprieciated!

cheers
Stephen.
---
 _--_|\                                                  S.Peter@unsw.EDU.AU
/      \    Stephen Peter                or  steve@keystone.arch.unsw.EDU.AU
\_.--._/<-------------------------------------------------------------------
      v     School of Architecture, University of New South Wales, Australia
            Phone +61 2 6974816   Fax +61 2 6621378   Messages +61 2 6974799


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38970
From: eball12@ursa.calvin.edu (Edward Ball)
Subject: IBM: Writing to screen memory (graphics)

Can anyone give me information or lead me to electronic information (not
books; I'm too poor...) regarding programming the standard graphics modes?
320x200x4 and 640x200x2 are easy enough, but I'm not so sure about the
rest.  Something about planes or something, and writing to ports and the
like, but I don't know the numbers or anything -- for the 16 color modes, I
think.  If I'm wrong, let me know.  Also, 320x200x256 is just one byte/pixel;
that's easy enough, but are there any other ways to write to the screen,
perhaps bytes at a time, or something like that?

Of course, I'd appreciate any information about any mode....  which reminds
me of another question -- do the SuperVGA modes work the same, generally,
as the normal 16 and 256 color modes, or is not only the mode numbers
for various cards different, but the methods for writing to the screen
different as well?

Thanks for any help you can give me...  I'm developing a screen class for
C++ and find myself searching for information.  Oh, I do have Ralf Brown's
Interrupt List, which has given me tons of invaluable information already.
It just doesn't go into the screen programming details (except for the
read/write pixel BIOS calls...

Thanks again.

--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Edward Ball, .sigless Knight                       eball12@calvin.edu //
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38971
From: mad-celt@cwis.unomaha.edu (Andy Booth)
Subject: SYNERGY: Revolt - an OTIS colaberation project

The OTIS Project presents...

       SYNERGY: Revolt 
	...the first in a continuing series of collaborative
	art initiatives designed to exploit the binarity
	of the infosphere.  This series of diversely 
	structured art-manipulation projects will attempt
	to stretch across network boundries encouraging
	use of electronic mail, fax, video, photography,
	scanned "conventional" art and even sound to 
	create multi-artist "still" visuals in GIF and 
	JPG formats.  Visualists from all technical levels
	are welcome.  

	REVOLT will be structured simply.  There will be 
	three stages of production.  The first stage will
	consist of all participants creating one still 
	work as a "starter" piece that two other partici-
	pants will, in turn, manipulate.  All first stage
	"base" images are due by Sunday, May 23rd, 1993, 
	midnight Central Daylight Time. 

	Stage two will begin on May 24th.  All images will 
	be sent to another (arbitrarily chosen) participant
	for them to do manipulations on in anyway they see 
	fit.  For purely digital artists, this may consist
	of filtering the image through their favorite paint
	program.  For "analog" artists, this may well be
	printing a hardcopy of the image and adding their
	own part with pen, pencil or white-out then scan-
	ning in the image again to be transferred on to 
	the third-stage artist.  All second-stage works
	are due by midnight on Sunday, May 30th.

	Stage three is the finishing stage and will begin
	on May 31st.  All artists will do what they think 
	it takes to finish up the image they've been given
	using whatever technique they see as worthy.  
	These images will be due on June 6th, midnight.

	All involved will participate in each stage of
	creation.

	-----------------------------------------------------------
	To join, send email/mail with the following info:

	Name:
	email address:
	mail address:
	scanner access?  (color/grey/none)
	printer access?  (laser/postscript/inkjet/color/dot)
	computer access? (mac/ibm-pc/sun/amiga/atari/NeXT/other)
	output format?	 (tiff/targa/gif/jpeg/pict/postscript/fax
		         /photocopy/pcx/windows bitmap)
	graphics level?  (8bit/16bit/24bit/?)
	ftp access?
	time limitations?

	Address the information to:

	email: mad-celt@cwis.unomaha.edu (Andrew Booth, project manager)
	       (include "REVOLT" in the subject line)
	mail:  The OTIS Project
	       SYNERGY: Revolt
	       PO BX 241113
	       Omaha, NE 68124-1113	

	---------------------------------------------------------	
	Remember, all STARTER images are due on Sunday, May 23rd. 
	Deposit them at either of these FTP sites:

	sunsite.unc.edu  (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS/Incoming)
	or
	141.214.4.135  (projects/otis/incoming)
		OR
	...send uuencoded images to us via email...
		OR
	...send hardcopies to address above...
		OR
	...arrange FAX exchange.

	If you don't get your STARTER image in, you won't be
	able to participate until SYNERGY Phase II (in mid-June).
	---------------------------------------------------------

	We will do our best to accomodate/facilitate image exchange
	for the "technologically impaired".  If you don't have 
	access to a scanner, but need one, we'll try to help.
	If you need an image printed out and sent to you, let
	us know (send an SASE if you anticipate this).

	ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AVAILABLE ON THE FOLLOWING:
	- suggestions for use of "uncommon" mediums
	  (such as video stills, electronic imaging and sound)
	- FAX availability times
	- "copyright" considerations (appropriation)
	- image conversion
	- the OTIS Project in general

--
Andy Booth               Were you ever abducted by aliens?  Ever see Elvis 
PO Bx 241113             at the local 7-11?  I would like to hear from you 
Omaha, NE 68124-1113     about any paranormal experiences you have had.    

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38972
From: bill@solaria (Bill Neisius)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back

Remco Hartog (remcoha@htsa.aha.nl) wrote:
: I have a little question:
: 
: I need to convert RGB-coded (Red-Green-Blue) colors into HVS-coded
: (Hue-Value-Saturnation) colors. Does anyone know which formulas to
: use?

Lets see if I have this right... HSV == HSB == HSL ... and none of those
are the same as HLS.  Hopefully, HVS is just a transposition of HSV, and
not yet another color model... 

The following code should do the HSV (HSL) coding (I haven't tried it yet)
(Thanks to bultman@dgw.rws.nl)

Another possibility is /mirrors/msdos/graphics/graphgem.zip on
wuarchive.wustl.edu.

Bill Neisius
bill@solaria.hac.com

----------------

The following code is from the starbase (HP) manual:
(all coordinates noralised at 0-1 interval)

     hsl_to_rgb(hue, saturation, luminosity, red, green, blue)
     float   hue, saturation, luminosity;    /* input in HSL */
     float   *red, *green, *blue;            /* output in RGB */
     {
         float       frac, lx, ly, lz;       /* temporaries */

         hue = 6 * hue;
         frac = hue - (int) hue;
         lx = luminosity * (1 - saturation);
         ly = luminosity * (1 - saturation * frac);
         lz = luminosity * (1 - saturation * (1 - frac));
 
         switch ((int) hue) {
             case 0: case 6:
                 *red = luminosity; *green = lz; *blue = lx; break;
             case 1:
                 *red = ly; *green = luminosity; *blue = lx; break;
             case 2:
                 *red = lx; *green = luminosity; *blue = lz; break;
             case 3:
                 *red = lx; *green = ly; *blue = luminosity; break;
             case 4:
                 *red = lz; *green = lx; *blue = luminosity; break;
             case 5:
                 *red = luminosity; *green = lx; *blue = ly; break;
         }
     }
     /******************************************************************************/
     rgb_to_hsl(red, green, blue, hue, saturation, luminosity)
     #define max(a, b, c)    ((a>b?a:b)>c?(a>b?a:b):c)
     #define min(a, b, c)    ((a<b?a:b)<c?(a<b?a:b):c)
     float   red, green, blue;               /* input in RGB */
     float   *hue, *saturation, *luminosity; /* output in HSL */
     {
         float       x, tempr, tempg, tempb; /* temporary values */

         *hue = 0.0;
         *saturation = 1.0;
         *luminosity = max(red, green, blue);
         x = min(red, green, blue);
         if (*luminosity != 0.0) {           /* calculate only if necessary */
             *saturation = (*luminosity - x) / *luminosity;
             if (*saturation != 0.0) {       /* calculate only if necessary */
                 tempr = (*luminosity - red  ) / (*luminosity - x);
                 tempg = (*luminosity - green) / (*luminosity - x);
                 tempb = (*luminosity - blue ) / (*luminosity - x);
                 if (red == *luminosity)
                     *hue = (green == x ? 5 + tempb : 1 - tempg);
                 else if (green == *luminosity)
                     *hue = (blue == x ? 1 + tempr : 3 - tempb);
                 else
                     *hue = (red == x ? 3 + tempg : 5 - tempr);
                 *hue /= 6;
             }
         }
     }



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38973
From: ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Pei Hsieh)
Subject: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

Hi -- sorry if this is a FAQ, but are there any conversion utilities
available for Autodesk *.DXF to Amiga *.IFF format?  I
checked the comp.graphics FAQ and a number of sites, but so far
no banana.  Please e-mail.

Thanks.

     _______   Pei Hsieh
    (_)===(_)  e-mail: ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu
      |||||    "There's no such thing as a small job; just small fees."
      |||||                         - anon., on being an architect

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38975
From: sahr@piglet.uccs.edu (Kevin Sahr)
Subject: Looking for polygon "convexifier"

Does anyone know where I can find a code which would take concave
polygons and break them up into a set of convex polygons?

Thanks,

Kevin
sahr@piglet.uccs.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38976
From: rajsnr@IASTATE.EDU (S N Rajesh)
Subject: Looking for a job as a Software Engineer

I am not sure that I am supposed to post this mail here. However
during the last year, while I was involved in developing graphical user
interface (GUI) applications, I have enjoyed being personally part of this
news group wherin I got some interesting information which helped me in my
work. I am posting my resuming hoping that people working in my area would
make time to look at it.
________________________________________________________________________________
_
						304A WestGate Hall,
						ISU, Ames, IA 50011.
						(515) 294 1525
						April 29, 1992.

Dear Prospective Employer:

I am seeking employment as a software engineer with interests in software
design and development, in which I can utilize my experience in hardware, 
C & C++ programming, graphical user interface (GUI), operating systems and
computer networking.

I received my Bachelors of Engineering (BE) degree in Electronics
Engineering in 1990 and a M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering in Dec 1992 
from Iowa State University. Currently I am enrolled in a M.S. in Computer
Engineering at Iowa State University.

During my Masters program, as a research assistant since Jan 1991, I have
published three papers including one in the IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.
These papers are a reflection of the quality of my research and my ability
to learn new concepts quickly.

I have been involved in many projects involving software developments and
have extensive experience programming in C, C++, Fortran and Assembly Level. 
I am also familiar with operating systems like Unix, Ultrix and MS-DOS.
I am familiar with Motif/X programming and currently, as a research assistant,
am involved in graphical user interface (GUI) design using the multiplatform 
GUI toolkit XVT++. My experiences also include areas such as operating systems
and computer networks, through course work and projects. I was involved in the
study of the design and development of the internals of the XINU operating
system. I have also been involved in many TCP/IP programming projects in
computer networking.

While in college I learnt the importance of clear and concise communication.
I have also learned a lot about time management. In my M.S. program I
have maintained a 3.70 grade average, worked 20 hours per week and
have enjoyed being involved in many other extra curricular activities.

My software experiences along with my hardware background (Electronics
Engineering) would be very helpful in my career goals as a software engineer.
I request that my qualifications may kindly be reviewed. I would like to
have an interview to discuss your employment needs and my career goals. 
I am eager to hear from you soon.


Sincerely

S.N. Rajesh (rajsnr@iastate.edu)

...........................................................................
				RESUME
...........................................................................

			     S. N. RAJESH
		          __________________

    Work		                             Residence
305 Coover ISU,					304A WestGate hall, ISU
Ames, IA 50011    				Ames, IA 50011
               					(515) 294-1525

        	      E-mail: rajsnr@iastate.edu

OBJECTIVE	To obtain a challenging position as a Software Engineer 
		involving software design and development, in which I can
		utilize my experience in hardware, C & C++ programming, 
		graphical user interface (GUI), operating systems and 
		computer networking.

EDUCATION	Currently enrolled in a M.S. in Computer Engineering, Iowa state
		University, Ames, Iowa 50011.	

		M.S. in Electrical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, 
		Iowa 50011 (Dec 1992)   	GPA	Major: 3.8/4.0
							Overall: 3.7/4.0.	
		Thesis: Probability of Detection (POD) Models for Eddy Current
		Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods. 
		(Project Funded by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA))

		B.E. in Electronics Engineering, Bangalore University,
 		Bangalore, India (Jan 1990).

PUBLICATIONS	S. N. Rajesh, L. Udpa and S. S. Udpa, "Numerical Model Based
		Approach for Estimating Probability of Detection in NDE 
		applications", IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 29,
		No. 2, March 1993. 

		S. N. Rajesh, L. Udpa and S. S. Udpa, "Estimation of 
                Eddy Current Probability  of Detection using 3D Finite Element
		Model", presented at the 19th Annual review of Progress in
		Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conferance, San Diego,
		California (Jul 1992)

		S. N. Rajesh, L. Udpa, S. S. Udpa and N. Nakagawa, "Probability
                of Detection Models for Eddy Current NDE Methods", Presented at
                the 18th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative
                Nondestructive Evaluation Conferance, Brunswick, ME (Jul 1991)

RELEVANT * Implemention of Operating Systems * Electronic Devices and Circuits
COURSE     * Computer Network Architecture     * Pulse and Digital Circuits
WORK       * Advanced Computer Communications  * Artificial Neural Networks
           * Introduction to Supercomputing    * Pattern Recognition
           * Microprocessors and Computer      * Digital Image Processing
	     Organization                      * Digital Signal Processing
           * Computer Technology and           * Integrated Circuits and Design
	     Programming

PROJECTS	* Implementation of the fork system call on the Xinu operating
		  system. Also involved in the implementation of a CPU
		  scheduling algorithm taking into consideration the aging
		  of processes. This project involved the study of the design
		  and development of the internals of the Xinu operating system.
		* Design and development of an interrupt driven keyboard driver.
		  This project involved a thorough understanding of device 
		  drivers.
		* Design and development of a Unix like tree structured 
		  directory which allows the creation of subdirectories and
		  organization of files accordingly. This project included the
		  implementation of routines such as mkdir, rmdir, cd, ls and
		  rm to support the directory structure.
		* Analysis of methods of congestion control in computer
                  networks.
                * Implementation of the Bellman-Ford routing algorithm for a
                  distributed network. The communication between network nodes
                  was based on UDP. This project involved programming in C++.
		* Simulation of the various digital logic functional units 
		  starting from the basic gates to registers, counters, adders,
		  multipliers, arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and so on. The
		  project involved extensive C programming in an Unix
		  environment.

WORK		Research Assistant, Center for NDE, Iowa State University, Ames,
EXPERIENCE	IA 50011 (Aug 1992-Present)
                * Work involves development of applications using graphical
                  user interface (GUI) toolkits. Familiar with programming in
                  a Motif/X environment. More recent work involves development
                  of multiplatform GUI applications, in C++, using the portable
		  GUI toolkit XVT++.
                  (This project is supported by NIST (National Institute of
                   Standards and Technology)).

		Research Assistant, Center for NDE, Iowa State University, Ames,
		IA 50011 (Jan 1991-Aug 1992)
		* Work involved developing software for modeling electromagnetic
		  NDE techniques such as the eddy current method. It also
		  involved optimization of the code on the parallel computer
		  Cray YMP.
		  (This project was supported by FAA and involved working in
		   close contact with the aircraft industry (Boeing)).

		Trainee Engineer, Indian Telephone Industries, Bangalore India.
		* Work involved design and development of a microprocessor
		  (8085) based programmable telephone dialler used in cordless 
		  telephones. Involved programming of a 8085 microprocessor 
		  to control the pulsing actions of the relays in a telephone 
		  circuit (Jan-Nov 1989).

COMPUTER	Languages: C, C++, Fortran, Assembly Level.
SKILLS		Software: Motif/X, XVT, Computer Graphics (Hoops), TCP/IP 
			  programming, Image Processing Utilities, SDRC-Ideas, 		  		  Autocad.
		Operating Systems: Unix, Stellix, Ultrix, MS-DOS.
		Systems: DEC Series, HP and Sun Workstations, Macintosh, 
			 Stellar.
		Parallel Systems: Cray YMP, IBM 3090J, MasPar, N-Cube.

HONOURS AND 	* Iowa State University Graduate College Scholarship 
ACTIVITIES     	  (Jan 1991-Present)
		* Ranked 42 out of over 20,000 students in Bachelors of
		  Engineering Entrance Examination ensuring full
		  scholarship, from the state, to pursue my Bachelors's degree.
		* Current member of IEEE

REFERENCES	Available upon request.
	


		






 



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38977
From: ez019654@othello.ucdavis.edu (Victoria Milliron)
Subject: Intel's PCI standard???

       I read a mesg. somewhere on GENIE about Intel coming out with a 
graphics standard called PCI, which would supplant VESA standards.  Is
this a rumor, or is there some substance to it. If any of y'all have
heard of this "standard" please e-mail me on how I might obtain more info

Thanks in Advance
vamilliron@othello.ucd.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38978
From: rkummer@phillip.edu.au
Subject: POV-Ray for VAX computer?????????

Hi there,
        I'm using POv-Ray on my IBM compatible at home, but I would like to 
run some things at work on our VAX computer. I believe there is a version 
of the source code for POV-ray that is VAX specific, but I'm not sure where 
to find it (I've looked at the several sites where the IBMPC version of it 
can be found). Can anyone help me?

Thanks in advance,

Ross Kummer
RMIT,Melbourne,  Australia
Internet address, RKUMMER@PHILLIP.EDU.AU
(no clever signoff yet, too busy playing with POV-ray)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38979
From: brad@utkvx.utk.edu (Lemings, Eric Bradley)
Subject: GWS

Anybody know where I can get Graphics Work Shop?

brad@utkvx.utk.edu 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38980
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: XV problems

In article <1993Apr29.201420.19271@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:
>
>In article <1rohjc$avt@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia
>Juhana) writes:
>
>>I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
>>with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
>>process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.
>>This makes sense, because the main use of XV is only viewing images.
>>
>>Doing many changes to image, we should keep all modifications
>>in a buffer; and then before making the operations to 24bit image,
>>we should simplify the operation list for unnecessary operations.
>>
>Think about what you are saying here. The 24 bit image is quantised down to 8
>bits so many 'similar' colours are mapped onto a single palette colour. This
>colour gets modified in fairly arbitrary ways. You then want to apply these
>modifications back to the 24 bit file, so you have to find which
>colours mapped to this one palette colour.

I suppose you don't know what about we have discussed.
We discussed about error(s) in XV 2.21 which shows images only as 8bit,
and my suggestion above works perfectly with it.

So far I have seen a colormap editing window in XV -- that is, there
must be a colormap anyway. The problems you present are exist anyway,
and I didn't tried to solve them at all, because I would not make such
problems to my programs in the first place.

Gamma and color corrections are easily done to 24bit image
as I presented. There's no need make tricks from 8bit/quantized image
back to 24 bit image.


>>>How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How
>>>would you group 'related' colours to edit them together? Only global
>>>changes could be done unless the software were very different and
>>>much more complicated.

Ok, you're writing about situation that user want edit images as 24bit
and user want edit individual colors -- your questions, by the way,
jumps off the discussion a bit.

My solution doesn't work, because there's no colormap withing real 24bit
image -- you see, user see 24bit image; going back to 8bit is silly.


About changing individual colors in 8bit/quantized/rasterized image:
changing individual colors in colormap is useless in most
cases if the image is quantized and rasterized -- small change may
make serious errors to anywhere in the image.
XV allows this feature, but I don't recommend to use it with the
mentioned type images.

Moreover, XV is not a paint program; you can only make those global
changes. In full 24bit XV, changing individual colors sounds like
paint program job.
If person have 8bit screen, there's need for tricks to get the
original 24bit image modified. Because user don't see full 24bit
image, there's need to make approximations and it is not possible to
modify individual colors but individual pixels or pixel groups (if
image is rasterized). To select indiavidual color, there could be 7x7
cursor window which shows true color image in cursor window area --
selecting individual color is possible from that.

Ok, I don't have thought very much 24bit painting programs, never seen
such in good view and are not planned to make such. Not to mention
24bit painting program in 8bit screen...


>Yes again. What *is* (was?) wrong with xv?

It saved 8bit/quantized/rasterized images as 24bit jpegs; jpeg is not
designed for that.
Also, human expect that 24bit will be saved as 24bit image; say,
person would like to crop part of the image and save it, then it is
expected that the image still is the same. So, XV were designed
without thinking about human interface and how human expect the
program work -- design error.

I have heard XV were designed first for 8bit images/files, but
it were not good idea to take full 24bit images without making
major change to the original design.

So, even all screen images are 8bit, the processed images and saved
images could have been 24bit very easily, instead of 8bit.

Before anybody will make a note: yes, I may as well make a lift where
'up' means that the lift goes down and 'down' means that the lift goes
up, and put a note on this design solution to the manuals -- however,
even the manuals tells the correct situation, it doesn't solve the problem.
(Americans: the lift is just an example :)


Well, my text may be a bit hard reading, hopefully you suggeeded to
read it.


Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38981
From: ricky@vnet.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: raw2gif ?

You can use PBM's 'rawtopgm' to convert three raw (r, g, b) files to pgm format. Then you can use pgm3toppm to convert the pgm files to a composite ppm file,
and feed this to cjpeg for compression. Slow, and circuitous, but it will
work.

Rick

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38982
From: finn@bsc.no (Finn Chr. Lundbo)
Subject: Re: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

In article <1993Apr30.011157.12995@news.columbia.edu> ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Pei Hsieh) writes:
>Hi -- sorry if this is a FAQ, but are there any conversion utilities
>available for Autodesk *.DXF to Amiga *.IFF format?  I
>checked the comp.graphics FAQ and a number of sites, but so far
>no banana.  Please e-mail.
>
>Thanks.
>
>     _______   Pei Hsieh
>    (_)===(_)  e-mail: ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu
>      |||||    "There's no such thing as a small job; just small fees."
>      |||||                         - anon., on being an architect

Hei Pei.

I can not help you directly width you problem, but there may be
intermediate roads to take to get to the IFF. I am using a converter
that can take IGES, IIF, DXF -> IGES, MILESPEC I IGES, MILESPEC II IGES, 
IIF, MILESPEC I IIF, MILESPEC II IIF  and DXF.

IIF is IBM IGES FORMAT. There may be converters out there that can handle
IGES to IFF. Hope this was to any help. By the way the converter is part
of the IGES Processor/6000 package from IBM and it runs on RS/6000 AIX.

Best regard
Finn Chr. Lundbo
IBM Bergen Environmental Sciences
& Solutions Centre.
E-mail: finn@bsc.no


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38983
From: wolfram@rbg.informatik.th-darmstadt.de (Wolfram Kresse)
Subject: XV for DOS: what's the problem?

I downloaded the file xv221exe.zip from the site someone posted here.
It contained the files:
  CJPEG.EXE
  DJPEG.EXE
  XV.EXE

When I tried to run it, it just said 
"Couldn't run go32.exe"
and halts.

What's the matter with this? 
Are there some files missing in the .zip?
What is go32.exe?

any help appreciated.

bye,

Wolfram

--

+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
|       |Wolfram Kresse * E-Mail: wolfram@rbg.informatik.th-darmstadt.de|
|  ~ ~  +--------------------------+---------------+--------------------+
|  + +  |"Meeneemeeneemeenee"      |CU l8r, LE g8r!|
|   I   |"Yes,that's right,Tweeky."+---------------+
| _____ +-----+----+---------------+
|     U | 8^) | =) |
+-------+-----+----+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38984
From: fechter@enzian.gris.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de (Juergen Fechter)
Subject: Alpha Kubota Graphic vs. SGI


Who has experience with porting a GL-program to an Alpha APX  
workstation with Kubota's Denali 3D-Graphic.
Is there any problems?
Is the real graphic-performance like a SGI R4000 Indigo XS24Z?


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Juergen Fechter                       | Universitaet Tuebingen, WSI/GRIS  |
| Office: [+49/0] (7071) 29-5464        | Auf der Morgenstelle 10, C9       |
| Fax:    [+49/0] (7071) 29-5466        | W-7400 Tuebingen, Germany         |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| email:  fechter@gris.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de                          |
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38985
Subject: Re: TIFF complexity
From: johnl@iecc.cambridge.ma.us (John R. Levine)

In article <9304271755.AA23355@enet-gw.pa.dec.com> you write:
>Anyone who thinks that TIFF is too complex hasn't dealt with
>CGM, ASN.1, CDA, DCA, SGML, or any one of a number of other
>very successful file format.  People seem perfectly capable
>dealing with these others.

Well, yeah, but unlike TIFF they all do substantially more than encode
rectangular bitmaps.  And the others are hardly trouble free.  I hear that
it is quite common for CGM implementations not to interoperate.

The annoying thing about TIFF is that is that along with the 50 useful
options, there are 100 stupid options.  The most egregious example is that
rather than picking a byte order and bit order and using it consistently
in all TIFF files, byte and bit order are options and all TIFF readers on
all machines, no matter what their natural byte order, have to be prepared
to do byte swapping.  There are four slightly different FAX formats --
again, any one of them would have been adequate.  RGB images can be stored
by pixel or by component, complexity without function, etc, etc.  I also
note that the TIFF doc says that Aldus' experiments show that LZW reliably
compresses as well or better than any of the FAX formats, suggesting that
none of the FAX formats are really useful.

What's worse, a lot of the formats aren't even implemented very well,
e.g., LZW limits code words to 12 bits, while 14 or 16 bits would have
provided substantially better compression.  And the LZW method compresses
bytes rather than pixels.

But the absolute worst thing about TIFF is that any vendor can register
proprietary TIFF codes and formats without even publicly documenting them.
This means that there is NO WAY to write a TIFF reader that can reliably
read all incoming TIFF files.  Some standard.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@iecc.cambridge.ma.us, {spdcc|ima|world}!iecc!johnl

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38986
From: jliddle@rs6000.cmp.ilstu.edu (Jean Liddle)
Subject: Re: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer

In article <1993Apr29.041601.8884@labtam.labtam.oz.au> graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.a
u (Graeme Gill) writes:
>In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writ
es:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
>> images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
>> graphics board running X11.
>
>    xli, xloadimage or ImageMagick - export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] /contrib
>

xv 3.0 (shareware) supports 24-bit displays, and has lots of other
improvements over earlier versions.  Definitely worth checking out
(also at export)

Jean.
-- 
Jean Liddle                                 
Computer Science, Illinois State University  
e-mail:  jliddle@ilstu.edu                  
--------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38987
From: mabusj@nason110.its.rpi.edu (Jasen M. Mabus)
Subject: Looking for Brain in CAD

Jasen Mabus
RPI student

	I am looking for a hman brain in any CAD (.dxf,.cad,.iges,.cgm,etc.) or picture (.gif,.jpg,.ras,etc.) format for an animation demonstration. If any has or knows of a location please reply by e-mail to mabusj@rpi.edu.

Thank you in advance,
Jasen Mabus  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38988
From: rued@daimi.aau.dk (Thomas Rued J|rgensen)
Subject: .SCI files and .SCO files

Hello there!

A week ago a guy asked what a .SCO file was - well I researched a bit and foundout that it is just another RIX file. .SCI files are 320x200 files and .SCO files are 1024x768 files! alle the other formats (800x600, 640x480...) are also called something like .SC(character).

regards 
rued


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38989
From: gzc@mserv1.dl.ac.uk (G. Coulter,office,extension,homephone)
Subject: Re: REAL-3D

In article 2965@vall.dsv.su.se, matt-dah@dsv.su.se (Mattias Dahlberg) writes:
>Rauno Haapaniemi (raunoh@otol.fi) wrote:
>
>> Earlier today I read an ad for REAL-3D animation & ray-tracing software
>> and it looked very convincing to me.
>
>Yes, it looks like very good indeed.
>
>> However, I don't own an Amiga and so I began to wonder, if there's a PC
>> version of it.
>
>Nope.


	Did I not hear that there maybe some ports of Real3D Version2
   	in the pipeline somewhere, Possibly Unix. Not too sure though
        please put me straight.

        -Gary- WORK    : SERC Daresbury Lab.
               INTERNET: G.Coulter@Daresbury.AC.UK
               UNI     : Staffordshire University
               HARDWARE: A2000/000/20 & A4000/040/120
>
>--
>=========================================================
>=  Regards  =  email:              =  1280x512x262000+  = 
>=  Mattias  =  matt-dah@dsv.su.se  =  I love it.        =
>=========================================================





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38990
From: holzapfe@jocki.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Roland Holzapfel)
Subject: Re: Tom Gaskins Pexlib vs Phigs Programming Manuals (O'Reilly)


In article <1rb22k$l7v@neuro.usc.edu>, merlin@neuro.usc.edu (merlin) writes:
|> Could someone explain the difference between Tom Gaskins' two books:
|> 
|>   o  PEXLIB Programming Manual
|>   o  PHIGS Programming Manual
|> 
|> Why would I want to buy one book vs the other book?  I have an 80386

PEXLIB and PHIGS (as it comes from MIT with PEX and as is explained in the
PHIGS Programming Manual) are just different API's for the PEX protocol,
which is an extension to the X protocol.

So it depends on You, what you go to use.

Advantage of Phigs is the protability to other platforms (IBM GraPhigs, 
SunPhigs) and the standardized structuring of the 3D objects.

Advantage of PEXlib is the sometimes faster and easier programming for
immediate mode graphics, because PEX is not an exactly mapping of Phigs
to a Prortocol.

-- 
       \|/
      (o o)
 -oOO--(_)--OOo--------------------------------------------------------
  \\    Roland Holzapfel       Computer     email:                   //
   \\   Wilhelminenstrasse 7   Graphics       holzapfe@igd.fhg.de   //
   //   6100 Darmstadt          Center      phone:                  \\
  //    Germany                 (ZGDV)        ++49 6151 155150       \\
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  >>             This space intentionally left blank                 <<
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38991
From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Subject: Re: Intel's PCI standard???


vamilliron:  Yes, Intel's PCI is (another) Local Bus standard, which
can be used for graphics, although I believe Local Buses can be used
for other things, too.  As far as I know, though, PCI Local Bus 
would compete with VESA Local Bus, not the VESA graphics standard, but
others more enlightened might be able to shed more light on this
matter.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38992
From: kknudsen@vyasa.helios.nd.edu (keith knudsen)
Subject: Wanted: Shareware graphics display program for DOS.


I need a graphics display program that can take as a parameter the name of
the file to be displayed, then just display that image and then quit.

All of the other graphics display programs come up with a menu first or some
other silliness.

This program is going to be run from within another program.  I have lots of
memory and VGA color.  Any graphics format will do.  Has anyone heard of such
a beast?

					Keith

--
Keith Knudsen
Notre Dame, IN

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38993
From: torb@mack.uit.no (Tor Berger)
Subject: 8th SCIA

               Invitation to the 8th SCIA

The 8th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis will be
arranged by the Norwegian Society for Image Processing and
Pattern Recognition (NOBIM) and sponsored by the International
Association for Pattern Recognition (IAPR). The conference
will be held in Tromsoe from 25th-28th May 1993. Tromsoe,
located at latitude 69 degrees N, is Northern Norway's centre
for administration and education.

About the Programme
The scientific programme runs over four days and includes
6 invited speakers, 29 sessions in three parallel tracks
with 127 contributed papers and 4 poster sessions with 44
contributions. The conference covers the following topics:
  - Image Processing and Analysis
  - Pattern Recognition
  - Computer Vision
  - Parallel Algorithms and Architectures
  - Neural Nets
  - Matching Methods
  - Image Compression
  - Remote Sensing
  - Medical and Biological Applications
  - Industrial Applications

Conference Language
The official language of the conference is English.

Invited Talks and Speakers

Segmentation of Range Images Via Data
Fusion and Morphological Watersheds.
Professor Ralph Gonzalez
University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Object Recognition Using Range Images.
Professor Anil K. Jain
Michigan State University

Experiments in Mobile Robot Navigation and Range Imaging.
Dr. Judd Jones
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Image Compression.
Professor Tor Ramstad
University of Trondheim

Combining Evidence in Dictionary
Based Probabilistic Relaxation.
Professor J. Kittler
University of Surrey

Matching Methods.
Professor A. Sanfeliu
Polytechnic University of Catalonia

Workshop
In connection with the conference, a workshop on contextual
methods in pattern recognition will be arranged on monday
24th by IAPR TC1. For further information concerning the
workshop contact
Torfinn Taxt, Chairman TC1,
Univ. of Bergen,
N-5000 Bergen,
Norway.
Phone: +47 5 20 63 34
Fax: +47 5 20 63 60
E-mail: Torfinn.Taxt@cc.uib.no

Registration Information
The registration fee is 4000 NOK. The fee covers proceedings, entrance
to all oral and poster sessions, exhibition, lunches and coffee
breaks, get-together party, reception and banquet. Fees for
accompanying persons are presented in the registration form.
All payments must be made payable in Norwegian Kroner (NOK)
by SWIFT to "XIANNOKKTRM" or Bank Giro Service at Bank Account:
6420 05 13353, "SAS Conference FORUT", Christiania Bank og
Kreditkasse (Private cheques will not be accepted.) or by the
following credit cards: VISA,  Mastercard, Eurocard, Diners,
Access, American Express. 
Please note: For payment with SWIFT and Bank Giro Service made
             from abroad, please add banking fee of NOK 60,-.
Please remember to state 8SCIA and your name on all money
transfers!

Registration and Information
The Conference Secretariat will be available all four days of
the conference for registration and information
May 24th, 1600:2000, in the SAS Hotel.
May 25th-28th,       at the University.

Exhibition
An exhibition of relevant literature will be arranged.
Publishers are invited to exhibit their products. A visit
to local companies and institutions involved in the field
(mostly remote sensing) will be arranged.

Accommodation
Reservation for hotel accommodation can be made on the
registration form. The 8SCIA Conference Secretariat at
SAS Luftreisebyraa, att. Bodil Lauritsen, will provide
hotel accommodation for the participants.

Social Events
Monday, May 24th:
Get-together party. (included in the conference fee for
delegates, NOK 150,- for accompanying persons)

Tuesday, May 25th
Fishing trip. The tour will last for 5-6 hours and hopefully
the midnight sun will visit us. On board the boat there will
be music, food and drink by choice. We bring fishing rods and
it will be possible to have our own fish prepared on board.
(NOK 400,-)
Spouse programme: Visit by cable car to Storsteinen 420 meters
above sea level, visit to the Arctic Cathedral, and visit to
Tromsoe Museum. (NOK 205,-) 

Wednesday, May 26th
Due to the cancellation of the Svalbard flight we will arrange
a visit to the "Beerhall". (NOK 350,- including beer and food.)
Spouse programme: Visit to a fishfarm in the surroundings of
Tromsoe. (NOK 170,-)

Thursday, May 27th
Banquet. (Included in the conference fee for delegates,
accompanying persons NOK 500,- )
Spouse programme: Visit to the Northern Lights Planetarium and
the Polar Museum. (NOK 180,-)
The spouse programs need a minimum of 15 participants to be
arranged.

Post conference tours with visit to Lyngen or Finnmark and
Norh Cape will also be arranged. For more information about
the social program and the post conference tours see the
registration form and information included with the
registration form.

Weather and Dress
The weather in Tromsoe in late May can be everything from
24 hour sunshine with a maximum temperature of 20 degrees Celsius
to snowstorms with temperatures below freezing. It is
therefore recommended to bring some warmer clothes.

Local Information
The population is approximately 50 000. In Tromsoe you can take
part in many activities from mountaineering in the midnight
sun to late night fun in international restaurants and bars.
An afternoon local beer in the Beerhall of the world's
northernmost brewery is also recommended.

The 8th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis (8SCIA) will
be held at the university campus at the world's northernmost
university. There will be conference buses going to the campus
from within walking distances of all the hotels. More detailed
information about the locations and transport will be available
at the conference hotels.

Travel Information
Tromsoe Airport at Langnes is only 7-8 minutes drive from the
centre of Tromsoe. The travelling distance from Oslo is 1 hr
40 minutes. SAS Conference Support Tromsoe offers airticket
services for the conference. In addition to all standard terms
full and reduced fare tickets from Europe and overseas,
(reduced fares require that you stay in Scandinavia the night
between Saturday and Sunday), we can offer additional conference
fares for SAS flights from SAS destinations within Scandinavia,
and reduced fares on Norwegian domestic flights. If you want to
make use of this service please contact Bodil Lauritsen at the
Conference Secretariat.

Conference Secretariat
   SAS Luftreisebyraa Tromsoe
   Att.: Bodil Lauritsen
   P. O Box 437
   N-9001 Tromsoe
   Norway
   Phone: +47 83 10 700
   Fax: +47 83 10 701

Note that reduced airticket fares can not be obtained on flights to 
Scandinavia if you don't stay the night between Saturday and Sunday 
(in front of or after the conference). On the other hand you don't have
to stay that night in Tromso to obtain reduced fares within Scandinavia
(SAS flights).

<------------------------------- cut here ------------------------------>

                           REGISTRATION FORM
          The 8'th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis
                Tromso, Norway, May 25th-28th 1993

Please use block letters or type, and fill in one form for each parti-
cipant. Completed registration form for accompanying person is to be
attached to the registration form of the delegate.
                                                              Mr  <>
                                                              Mrs <>

First name and surname:.............................................

Company/Institution:................................................

Title:..................

Mailing address:...................................................

Postal code/Country:...............................................

Telephone:....................Telefax:.............................

Delegate: <>  Accompanying person: <>  (please tick for right category)
     
Workshop on contextual methods in pattern recognition,
                                     Monday, May 24th: <>

Conference fee, delegates:                          NOK 4000,-  ->

Social events  (please tick for participating!)
<> Get-together Party, Monday 24th
   (Included in the conference fee for delegates)
   Accompanying person                              NOK  150,-  -> 
<> Spouse Programme, Tuesday, May 25th  *           NOK  205,-  ->
<> Spouse Programme, Wednesday, May 26th  *         NOK  170,-  ->
<> Spouse Programme, Thursday, May 27th  *          NOK  180,-  ->
<> Boat-trip, Tuesday, May 25th                     NOK  400,-  ->
<> Banquet, Thursday, May 27th 
   (Included in the conference fee for delegates)
   Accompanying person                              NOK  500,-  ->
<> Visit to the Beerhall, Wednesday, May 26th *     NOK  350,-  ->
<> Post Conference Tour, Lyngen *                   NOK  895,-  ->
<> Post Conference Tour, Finnmark/North Cape *      NOK 4250,-  ->
(* we need a minimum number of participants to 
   accomplish these tours)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total amount for my participation:                          NOK ____________

PAYMENT:
Payment can be made by: SWIFT to "XIANNOKKTRM" or 
Bank Giro Service at Bank Account: 6420 05 13353, "SAS Conference FORUT",
Christiania Bank og Kreditkasse, Gronnegt. 80, N-9000 Tromso, Norway.
(Private cheques will not be accepted.) or by credit card:
 VISA <>  Mastercard <> Eurocard <>  Diners <> Access <> American Express <>

Account Number:___________________________ Expiration Date:________________

Signature:____________________________________________

Please note: For payment with SWIFT and Bank Giro Service made from abroad,
             please add banking fee of NOK 60,-.
Please remember to state 8SCIA and your name on all money transfers!

ACCOMODATION:
  (Payment to be made upon arrival)
(Weekend=  Friday-Sunday). 
Deadline for cancellation of the hotel room: 24 hours before arrival.

If you would like us to book your accomodation in Tromso, please fill in:

Date of arrival:____________________  Date of departure:____________________
SAS Royal Hotel      <> Single a 1190,-     <> Double a 1390,-
                         (weekend 750,-)        (weekend 900,-)
Grand Nordic Hotel   <> Single a 1015,-     <> Double a 1175,-
                         (weekend 760,-)        (weekend 880,-)
With Home Hotel      <> Single a  975,-     <> Double a 1085,-
SAGA Hotel           <> Single a  870,-     <> Double a 1045,-
Polar Hotel          <> Single a  680,-     <> Double a  800,-
                         (weekend 450,-)        (weekend 550,-)
Tromso Hotel         <> Single a  680,-     <> Double a  800,-
                         (weekend 450,-)        (weekend 550,-)
Skipperhuset Pension <> Single a  330,-     <> Double a  410,-
                                            <> Triple a  480,-
Hotel Nord           <> Single a  300,-     <> Double a  400,-
                                            <> Triple a  500,-
Private Accomodation <> Single a  150,-     <> Double a  200,-

I will arrange accomodation on my own: <>
If my first choice is not available, I wish to stay at:_____________________

Airtickets: SAS Conference Support Tromso offers airticket services for the
conference. In addition to all standard terms full and reduced fare tickets
from Europe and overseas, (reduced fares require that you stay in Scandinavia
the night between Saturday and Sunday), we can offer additional conference
fares for SAS flights from SAS destinations within Scandinavia, and reduced
fares on norwegian domestic flights. If you want to make use of this service
please fill in the following:

Point of departure and return:______________________________________________

Date of departure:___________________  Date of return: _____________________
I will arrange airtickets on my own: <> (Please tick!)

              For further information, please contact:
                Kjell Arild Hogda, 8SCIA Local Chair,
       FORUT Information technology Ltd, N-9005 Tromso, Norway.
           Telephone: +47 83 58622. Telefax: +47 83 82420
                   e-mail: scia@conan.uit.no

             Please forward this registration form to:
          SAS Luftreisebyra Tromso, Att: Bodil Lauritsen
               P.O. Box 437, N-9001 Tromso, Norway,
          Telephone: +47 83 10700. Telefax: +47 83 10701


Date and signature:_________________________________________________________


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38994
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: POV-Ray for VAX computer?????????



Get the generic version (for Unix and VMS) and build it. IMHO a
VMS .com file to build it is supplied.
As the distribution comes as .tar.Z you should either have uncompress
and tar on VMS or a UNIX flavoured machine handy.
Usually you won't find this on IBM-PC specific archives, but on the better
ones :)

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38995
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: XV problems


Oops, what the hell a crosspost is this ?!

Have a look onto XV-3.00 before saying anything more about it's power.

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38996
From: ddunlavy@casbah.acns.nwu.edu (Daniel Dunlavy)
Subject: Picture -> Ascii Conversion?

I was wondering if anyone has ever seen/heard of a utility that converts
any type of image format (gif,tiff,pcx,bmp,jpeg,etc.) to an ascii
representation.  I have seen some very sophiticated art in ascii format, but
never was I able to find the author or any program that may have converted
the data from a picture format.

Any help or leads would be great. Thanks in advance.
Danny Dunlavy

ddunlavy@casbah.acns.nwu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38997
From: harvey@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Betty Harvey)
Subject: Re: Arts&Letters Graphics Editor

In comp.graphics, menchett@dws012.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti) writes:
>Does anyone on this group use this program? It stacks up pretty well to
>Corel Draw, and since I don't have a CDROM, it was the best buy...
>
>Maybe someone would be interested in trading tips and tricks?

Yes, I have both Arts & Letters and CorelDraw.  I personally like
Arts & Letters better but there are things I like about Arts & Letters
that CorelDraw doesn't do an vice-versa.  I haven't found the perfect
graphics program that does everything yet.  

My favorite feature from CorelDraw is that it imports alot of different
formats.  Arts & Letters does not.  I like the thousands of clipart
available with Arts & Letters.  However, I do find looking them up
in a book and referencing them by number to be annoying.

One of my major problems is that there isn't any programs available on
the market for the artistically deprived :-).  

/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/
Betty Harvey  <harvey@oasys.dt.navy.mil>     | David Taylor Model Basin
ADP, Networking and Communication Assessment | Carderock Division
     Branch                                  | Naval Surface Warfare
Code 1221                                    |   Center
Bethesda, Md.  20084-5000                    | DTMB,CD,NSWC   
                                             |   
(301)227-3379   FAX (301)227-3343            |          
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\\/\/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38998
From: jdryburn@smt_6.b21.ingr.com (Joe Ryburn)
Subject: Software Development Libs for Old TARGA-16 Boards

I am revamping some computer-aided visual inspection systems which
use the old AT&T Targa-16 Board Set (2 cards) to display images from
a color CCD camera to a color monitor, providing the option to overlay
text or a crosshair. No image capture or manipulation is performed, 
just display. I would like to know if there is still a source for 
development libraries which would allow me to embed commands in my
own software to enable the camera, draw crosshairs, print text, etc.
I'll be glad to pay if they are commercially available. E-Mail if
possible.

-- 


----------------------------------------------------------------
Joe Ryburn |  CIM Manager               | Intergraph Corporation
           |  Manufacturing Integration | Huntsville, AL 35894
----------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 38999
From: roy@mchip00.med.nyu.edu (Roy Smith)
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

olson@anchor.esd.sgi.com (Dave Olson) writes:
> But surely you don't expect a system you buy now for a five year
> period to be constantly upgradable over that entire five year period?

	What's sort of interesting about this whole thread is just how much
it has in common with similar threads in groups dealing with other vendor's
hardware.  I currently deal basically with hardware from 3 vendors - Apple,
DEC, and SGI - and thus tend to monitor the groups about those vendor's
hardware.  Currently, it seems like SGI customers are pissed at SGI about
dropping support for the Personal Iris, DEC customers are pissed at DEC for
dropping MIPS support in favor of the new Alpha boxes, and Apple customers
seem to get pissed every time a new Mac is introduced that's faster and
cheaper than the one they just bought.  When I used to be a Sun customer
years ago, I remember people being pissed at Sun for leaving their 386
and 680x0 customers out in the cold when Sparc came along.

	What's really interesting is that from what I can tell, the MIS
folks in the basement with their ES/9000 don't seem to be pissed at IBM.
Why?  I have no idea.  Either IBM really does take care of their customers
better, or they just have their customers brainwashed better than the
smaller vendors do.
-- 
Roy Smith <roy@nyu.edu>
Hippocrates Project, Department of Microbiology, Coles 202
NYU School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
"This never happened to Bart Simpson."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39000
From: mike@nx03.mik.uky.edu (Mike Mattone)
Subject: LCD VGA display

Please help.

I have an IBM-compatible notebook computer with an LCD VGA screen.  While I
was working with it this morning, the screen started to flicker a little,
which I thought was odd since I do use a surge-protector for my computer and
all peripherals.  It only did this for a second and then stopped.

I left the room for several minutes and, when I returned, the screen was
completely dim, not blank, but very very dim.  The contrast slider still
worked so that I could adjust it to where I could *faintly* make out what
was on the screen but the brightness slider had absolutely *no* effect.

I was plugged-in at the time (i.e., not using the battery) but I still
tried switching the battery, changing the power-saver features, etc., etc.,
all to no avail.

Has anyone else experienced anything like this?  If this just means that I
need to replace the screen then I guess I'll have to but I thought that the
"death" of my LCD screen would be a little less dramatic when it eventually
happened.  I didn't want to take it in to be repaired before I asked on the
net about this because I already know what they'll say: "Yep, you gotta have
this replaced and it's gonna cost you $???."

I've only had the computer for about 21 months.  Is that a reasonable life
cycle for a LCD display?  Oh, I guess I ought to give specifics here: the
brand is Compudyne (Is this a reputable company?), it's a 386SX @ 20 MHz.
I forget the model number exactly and I was too ticked off to write it down
before coming in to work today.

If anyone can help me, PLEASE give me any advice you might have.  I'm not
opposed to having it replaced, but I'd rather not if it's not absolutely
necessary.  If you wouldn't mind, please e-mail me at mike@mik.uky.edu
but if you'd rather post I'll be checking back here in a couple of days.

BTW, if the answer to this question is already in a FAQ somewhere, feel
free to flame away but I would ask that you also include the location and
name of the FAQ if you don't mind.

Thanks in advance for any help...

-Mike Mattone
(mike@mik.uky.edu) 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39001
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

In article <1rr6c3$9u3@calvin.NYU.EDU>, roy@mchip00.med.nyu.edu (Roy Smith) writes:
|>	What's really interesting is that from what I can tell, the MIS
|>folks in the basement with their ES/9000 don't seem to be pissed at IBM.
|>Why?  I have no idea.  Either IBM really does take care of their customers
|>better, or they just have their customers brainwashed better than the
|>smaller vendors do.

No, MIS folks have infinite budgets of death, and they also get parts
of their budget allocated "upgrades", "maintenance", and "new purchases",
and a lot of IBM mainframe purchases are actually "leases" and so
is the software.

Basically, the engineers who have tight budgets, i.e. the coders and
designers of a company, bitch and moan when they drop 15,000 on a 
Sparc 1 only to see a faster machine appear a year later.  MIS types
upgrade once every 5-10 years, and their costs are amortized and
depreciated over a longer period, and the budget office justifies
the expense because they actually use the machines for accounting,
payroll, etc.

Now, if the budget office was dependant on the engineers for some
reason like payroll and accounts, you'd sure as hell see every
engineer with a new Cray on his desktop every year. :-)

Brian


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39002
From: quartz@tunica.eel.ufl.edu (Bill Devore)
Subject: fractel trees

I'm working on my senior project here at UF (florida). The project requires fractel trees. I'm interested in either psuedo or real code; just about anything will help.

Perhaps some good books on the subject could help too.

	mail will reach at: quartz@iriquois.eel.ufl.edu

	Thanks Bill Devore

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39003
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Oh make up your mind!! (was: Re: XV problems)


In article <1rqisi$rhj@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana) writes:

>In article <1993Apr29.201420.19271@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
>C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:

>>In article <1rohjc$avt@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia
>>Juhana) writes:

>>>I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
>>>with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
>>>process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.
>>>This makes sense, because the main use of XV is only viewing images.

>>>Doing many changes to image, we should keep all modifications
>>>in a buffer; and then before making the operations to 24bit image,
>>>we should simplify the operation list for unnecessary operations.

>>Think about what you are saying here. The 24 bit image is quantised down to 8
>>bits so many 'similar' colours are mapped onto a single palette colour. This
>>colour gets modified in fairly arbitrary ways. You then want to apply these
>>modifications back to the 24 bit file, so you have to find which
>>colours mapped to this one palette colour.

>I suppose you don't know what about we have discussed.
>We discussed about error(s) in XV 2.21 which shows images only as 8bit,
>and my suggestion above works perfectly with it.

Look be consistent. First you post something that seems to suggest that you see
xv being an 8 bit program as some sort of error. 
So I post and asy it is not a bug, it is meant to be like that. 
So you post and say it is not a bug, you never said it was, I have misunderstood
etc.
Now you are saying:

>We discussed about error(s) in XV 2.21 which shows images only as 8bit,

If you would make up your mind what you are claiming it would make the
discussion a *lot* easier.

----------------

>So far I have seen a colormap editing window in XV -- that is, there
>must be a colormap anyway. The problems you present are exist anyway,
>and I didn't tried to solve them at all, because I would not make such
>problems to my programs in the first place.

Eh? Sorry, I don't understand what you are saying here. I am aware that English is
not your native language and have tried hard to fathom your meaning, but this
paragraph defeats me.

>Gamma and color corrections are easily done to 24bit image
>as I presented. There's no need make tricks from 8bit/quantized image
>back to 24 bit image.

Yes *as I originally said*, global changes are easily possible.

But this statement contradicts what you said earlier: 

>>>I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
>>>with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
>>>process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.

---------------

>>>>How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How
>>>>would you group 'related' colours to edit them together? Only global
>>>>changes could be done unless the software were very different and
>>>>much more complicated.

>Ok, you're writing about situation that user want edit images as 24bit
>and user want edit individual colors -- your questions, by the way,
>jumps off the discussion a bit.

No I don't think so actually. 

You were talking about loading a 24 bit image into xv (by quantising),
manipulating the colours in the colour editor, then somewhow applying these
changes to the 24 bit file when you exit xv. Xv lets you edit individual
colours. Where is this sudden jumping off the topic?

>My solution doesn't work, because there's no colormap withing real 24bit
>image 

Yes I am aware there is no colourmap in a 24 bit file!!

>-- you see, user see 24bit image; going back to 8bit is silly.

I do not understand what this statement is supposed to mean.

>About changing individual colors in 8bit/quantized/rasterized image:
>changing individual colors in colormap is useless in most
>cases if the image is quantized and rasterized -- small change may
>make serious errors to anywhere in the image.

???
What are you saying
???

>XV allows this feature, but I don't recommend to use it with the
>mentioned type images.

Ah! now we see thew problem! First you want to extend xv to allow editing of 8
bit previews of 24 bit images. Then I point out problems with this. Now you are
saying there is no problem because you, personally, happen not to use those
parts of the program that cause the problem!!


>Moreover, XV is not a paint program; you can only make those global
>changes. 

Not sure what you are saying here. Certainly one can make local changes.

>In full 24bit XV, changing individual colors sounds like
>paint program job.
>If person have 8bit screen, there's need for tricks to get the
>original 24bit image modified. Because user don't see full 24bit
>image, there's need to make approximations and it is not possible to
>modify individual colors but individual pixels or pixel groups (if
>image is rasterized). To select indiavidual color, there could be 7x7
>cursor window which shows true color image in cursor window area --
>selecting individual color is possible from that.

Yes that is one possible approach. I would find a program that took such an
approach clumsy, however.

>Ok, I don't have thought very much 24bit painting programs, never seen
>such in good view and are not planned to make such. Not to mention
>24bit painting program in 8bit screen...

Well here we agree - you have not thought it through very much. You don't seem
to have a consistent point to make and contradict yourself from one post to the
next. OK, we all have off days - perhaps you should step back and think this one
through.

>>Yes again. What *is* (was?) wrong with xv?

>It saved 8bit/quantized/rasterized images as 24bit jpegs; jpeg is not
>designed for that.

As I said in the last post, JPEG is a compression algorithm. It is a way of
saving disk space by trading off quality against compression. I fail to see what
the problem is. You have not proposed any workable alternatives.

>Also, human expect that 24bit will be saved as 24bit image; 

Speak for yourself. You are the *only* person I have met or spoken to who,
having quantised a 24 bit image down to 8 bits, expects this process to somehow
reverse when the file is saved; keeping all modificvations that heve been made
to the 8 bit image palette.

Perhaps that is why you yused the singular?

>say,
>person would like to crop part of the image and save it, then it is
>expected that the image still is the same. 

Look, next time you import a 24 bit image into xv look carefully at the main
control panel - it tells you how many colours have been allocated to the 8 bit
image. XV makes it abundantly clear that you are not editing the original 24 bit
file. You are the *only* person who claims this is confusing.

>So, XV were designed
>without thinking about human interface and how human expect the
>program work -- design error.

Is a design error the same as a bug? ;-)

Read my lips. XV is a program for viewing and modifying 8 bit images. It lets
you import other images. It shows, I would say, a good deal of thought about the
human interface. And everyone else seems to use it happily for the purpose it
was designed for. It makes no false claims.

>I have heard XV were designed first for 8bit images/files, but
>it were not good idea to take full 24bit images without making
>major change to the original design.

If you would come up with a solid, logical, well argued and lucid description of
precisely how these proposed extensions would work, feel free to post them. So 
far, you have not done so.

>So, even all screen images are 8bit, the processed images and saved
>images could have been 24bit very easily, instead of 8bit.

Argh!! After all this, a comment like that. `Very easily'. OK, go ahead and code it
if it is so easy.

Or alternatively, look up the terms `import' and 'non-reversible transformation'.

>Before anybody will make a note: yes, I may as well make a lift where
>'up' means that the lift goes down and 'down' means that the lift goes
>up, and put a note on this design solution to the manuals -- however,
>even the manuals tells the correct situation, it doesn't solve the problem.
>(Americans: the lift is just an example :)

I think this is a bit of an exageration.

What you are actually saying is, you got into a lift (elevator, if you are in
the states ;-) ) and mistakenly pressed the down button to go up. Everyone else
had no problem. Now you are trying to sue the manufacturer...

>Well, my text may be a bit hard reading, 

you bet

>hopefully you suggeeded to
>read it.

Mostly. Leaving aside the language issue however, it betrays some very wooly
thinking (as you yourself admit) which is the same in any language. Go think
some more.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39004
From: hotopp@ami1.bwi.wec.com (Daniel T. Hotopp)
Subject: Drivers for Diamond Viper Card

I've been away for a couple of weeks and have become out of touch with the 
latest information on the Diamond Viper Card.  Does anyone know if Diamond 
has come out with any Vesa Driver updates lately?  Also, I was wondering 
what the latest Windows Driver version is up to now.

				Thanks in advance,
					Dan

 +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | Daniel T. Hotopp               | INTERNET:  hotopp@ami1.bwi.wec.com |
 | Antenna/Microwave/Integration  | (W) Vax :  tron::"hotopp@ami1"     |
 | Westinghouse Electric Corp.    | Voice # :  (410)765-2931           |
 +---------------------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39005
From: edmoore@vcd.hp.com (Ed Moore)
Subject: Re: LCD VGA display

: I've only had the computer for about 21 months.  Is that a reasonable life
: cycle for a LCD display?

My Toshiba T1100+ LCD (CGA, 1986) died in 11 months.  Replaced under the 12
month warranty, fortunately.  When it died, it died instantly and completely.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39006
From: rol@athena.mit.edu (Roland Carel)
Subject: surface/contour plot

ULTRIX/X11R4 to plot surfaces and contour plots from a set of {x,y,z}.
I would really appreciate any hint on the name of such a plotting program
and where to find it.
   Thanks for your help.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39007
From: svec5@menudo.uh.edu (T.C. Zhao)
Subject: Full Color Image Editor for SGI Workstations


   I am happy to announce the first public release of the bit program,
   an INTERACTIVE, FULL COLOR image viewer and editor based on SGI GL.
   Besides typical touchup tasks, such as crop, rotate, smooth, etc,
   bit offers some unique features not available in similar programs,
   such as text and vector support and the separation of text and image.

   The following is the relevant sections from the man page. 
   -----------------------------------------------------------------

Pre-Release of May, 1993                                       BIT(1L)

NAME
   bit - Bitmap Image Touchup for SGI Workstations

DESCRIPTION
  bit is an interactive full color image viewer and editor based on
  Silicon Graphics GL. As a full color program, bit handles images of both
  24bits and color index in a natural and efficient manner.

  As an image viewer, bit allows list of images to be displayed in their
  original type (24bits or color index) in any order and in any of the
  many built-in styles of display. You can walk up and down the list using
  mouse and keyboard, or you can let bit do the walk for you (The
  SlideShow).  With the pan and zoom features, large images can be viewed
  in full without being limited by the window or screen size.

  As an image editor, bit performs a large number of image editing and
  processing tasks accurately and efficiently. It keeps information loss
  at any stage of the editing process at an absolute minimum by performing
  subpixel sampling automatically while conserving the input image type
  whenever possible to avoid unnecessary promotion and/or quantization of
  input images. You can also cut a piece of an image and paste it into
  another.  In addition, arbitrarily colored and sized text and simple
  geometric figures can be rendered on top of an image for annotation with
  the option to make them part of the bitmap or output separately to take
  advantage of the higher printer resolutions (e.g. PostScript).

  Bit can also be used as a graphical user interface to many existing
  image processing programs by defining external bindings which in essence
  turn command line oriented programs into bit subfunctions and can be
  accessed by a press of a button, and best of all, the processed image
  will be read back and displayed immediately. Convolution using exter-
  nally defined matrices of arbitrary order can be performed dynamically
  giving great flexibility in processing an image.

FEATURES

  Bit performs all of its image manipulations interactively with a
  continuous progress report, and once the processing is complete, 
  the processed image will be displayed.

  Current features include

  o Rotates an image by an arbitrary angle with the option of anti-aliasing
    and filling the "rotated out" region with an arbitrary color.

  o Scales an image by arbitrary factors in x- and/or y-directions with
    the option of subpixel sampling.

  o Renders text of arbitrary color, size or orientation on top of an
    image with the option of rendering directly into the raster or saving
    the text and raster separately, such as into a PostScript file, to
    take advantage of a higher printer resolution. Besides normal text
    strings, many predefined special symbols can be input conveniently as
    in TeX(1), e.g., $\alpha$\small$\beta$ produces Greek alphabet alpha
    followed by a slightly smaller Greek alphabet beta.

  o Presents graphically the histogram of an image.

  o Performs arbitrary 1-to-1 pixel transformation.  The transformation
    function can be specified interactively and can be of arbitrary
    forms. Further, the transformation can be applied to RGB channels
    separately or simultaneously and to the entire image or a portion of
    it. Many difficult tasks, such as thresholding, can be accomplished
    rather easily by 1-to-1 transformation in combination with the avai-
    lability of graphical histograms of the image.

  o Places simple geometric figures (SGFs), e.g., arrows, circles, trian-
    gles etc., of arbitrary color, size and orientation into an image at
    arbitrary locations addressed either in absolute pixels or in some
    user definable coordinate system units, with the option of rendering
    directly into the raster or save the sgfs and raster separately (e.g,
    PostScript file). All SGFs can be scaled in x- and y-directions
    independently or simultaneously (this is how to get an ellipse from a
    circle).

  o Performs edge detection. In combination with image histograms and 1-
    to-1 transformation, very accurate result can be obtained.

  o Performs histogram equalization.

  o Performs convolution with externally defined (square) matrices of
    arbitrary order.

  o Crops a rectangular portion of an image.

  o Cuts and pastes across images.

  o Magnifies any portion of an image by any amount.

  o Displays a list of images in sequence with a user specifiable pause
    interval between images. (SlideShow)

  o Measures RGB intensities of a pixel at any location or all pixels
    along an arbitrary line with the result presented as RGB intensities
    or as an intensity vs. distance plot.

  o Performs image type conversions.

  o Converts image formats.

  o Smoothes an image (Special convolution).

  o Filters an image by external programs and read the filtered image
    back and display it.

  o Modify an individual pixel's RGB values.

  o Performs FFT on the entire image or a portion of it and display the
    resulting power spectra.

  o Spray and brush paint in full color (unavailable in this pre-release).

 SUPPORTED FORMATS
      o  IRIS RGB, native to SGI IRIS
      o  JPEG(JFIF) format
      o  CompuServ GIF
      o  PNM(Portable Any Map), including PPM, PGM and PBM.
      o  XBM (X Window Bitmap)
      o  TIFF
      o  PostScript(Write only)

Hardware requirements:
---------------------------------------------------------------
   Any SGI workstation that supports RGBmode(), including indigoes.

Where to get it:
---------------------------------------------------------------
   anonymous ftp to monte.svec.uh.edu   /pub/bit/bitxxx.tar.Z
   where xxx is the version number. Current version is 0.73

   Read src/01Readme for installation instructions after unpacking

Acknowledgement:
---------------------------------------------------------------
   JPEG support is based on the Independent JPEG groups's library Version 4.
   FORMS library, developed by Mark Overmars, is used for GUI.
   Both JPEG and FORMS library are included in this release.

---------------------------------------------------------------
  Bit is the program you will ever need to view and annotate
  images; The built-in editing features will satisfy most of
  your editing needs. In addition, the external filter and dynamical
  kernel will utilize any program you already have. So try it
  (and you will like it).
  
  As always, any comments/bug reports are welcome.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39008
From: ressler@cougar.jpl.nasa.gov   (Mike Ressler)
Subject: STOP THIS ARGUMENT! XV-3.00 is 24-bit! (was Re: Oh make up your...)

STOP! STOP! STOP! STOP! This argument is getting silly! XV-3.00 now handles
24-bit images without quantizing them. All these arguments are moot, null, 
and void. Please stop quibbling about a now obsolete version of the program.

Besides, you can now generate tons of verbiage about the new shareware
licensing it uses instead ...

Mike
--
     Mike Ressler - Infrared Photon Jockey     ressler@cougar.jpl.nasa.gov
		       ... less science by dead guys ...
  MS-DOS 4.01 -> MS-DOS 4.01 + Windoze -> DR-DOS 6.0 -> OS/2 2.0 -> Linux + X
	 ... finally getting something useful done with my pet 386 ...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39009
From: pbenson@ecst.csuchico.edu (Paul A. Benson)
Subject: GIANT SOFTWARE YARDSALE

SOFTWARE 	RETAIL / SALE  Price

//////GRAPHICS///////// 		 

COREL DRAW 2.0 	300 / 	25 

ALDUS PHOTO STYLER 1.1 	800 / 	100 

IMAGE IN COLOR (2 ) 	800 / 	100 

PHOTO FINISH (3 OF THESE) 	295 /	75 

IMAGE IN SCAN & PAINT 	150 /	20 

IMAGE IN FULL PACK 	300 / 	45 

PICTURE PUBLISHER 	800 / 	100 

IMAGE PREP 	200 / 	50 

SNAP PRO 	70 /	20 

IMAGES INC. 	200 / 	50 

PUBLISHER'S PAINTBRUSH 	495 /	50 

DELUXE PAINT 2 ENCHANCE 	129 /	25 

SOFTTYPE ( FONT WORKSHOP) 	300 / 	25 

VISTA PRO  	100 / 	20 

optibase-wORKSHOP 	149 /	35 

GFA CAD 	100 / 	25 

////////UTILITIES //////////		 

X TREE GOLD FOR WIN 	99 /	25 

TNT (anti virus) 	100 / 	15 

salvation 	100 / 	15 


AMISH UTILITIES 	79 /	15 




////////MULTIMEDIA 	///////	

SMART TEXT 	200 / 	10 

MUSIC CLIPS 	149 /	25 

AUDIO TRACKS  	79 /	15 

SPINnAKER PLUS (MAC) 	495 /	35 

SPINnAKER PLUS (PC) 	495 /	35 

ASK ME 2000 	500 / 	35 

MULTI MEDIA MAKE YOUR POINT  	79 /	20 

MADISON AVE 	75 /	25 

INTERFACE (MAC) 	300 / 	10 


MR. SOUND EFFECTS 	50 /	10 

MUSIC BYTES 	50 /	10 

TEMPRA SHOW 	495 /	50 

STORYBOARD PLUS 	400 / 	50 

/////////PROGRAMMING 		/////// 

M S WINDOWS 3.1 DEV. KIT (FULL) 	500 / 	75 


WINDOWS MAKER PRO 	995 /	50 

MS C 5.1 	500 / 	10 

TOP SPEED MODULA 	300 / 	10 

///////// BUSINESS ////////	 

THE ART OF NEGOTIATING 	150 	10 

TELEMAGIC 	150 /	10 


FULL IMPACT(MAC) 	500 / 	10 

APPROACH DATABASE 400 / 50

ASCEND 	300 / 	35 

/////// GAMES 	///////	 


NFL PRO LEAGUE FOOTBALL 	49 /	15 

ECO-SAURUS 	40 /	10 

/////// hardware //////// 		

modem 2400 baud 	200 / 	50 

assorted joysticks 	35 /	9 

WIllows VGA TV  300 / 50

Amiga Trac Ball 75 / 20


////// misc. /////// 		

the wedding planner 	49 /	10 

SOFTWARE YARD SALE FRI  4/30 ,SAT. 5/1, & SUN 5/2   8:30 TO 4:00   

e-mail -- pbenson@cscihp.ecst.csuchico.edu

LOCATION:

436 NUNNELEY RD., PARADISE
CA 95969    

Phone 916 872-7905      

TERMS: CASH, CHECK, CHARGE (VISA OR  MC ACCEPTED) 




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39010
From: fishkin@parc.xerox.com (Ken Fishkin)
Subject: Re: Oh make up your mind!! (was: Re: XV problems)

In article <1993Apr30.182605.5999@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>, lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley) writes:
    [re a true 24 bit XV]

> If you would come up with a solid, logical, well argued and lucid description of
> precisely how these proposed extensions would work, feel free to post them

Don't mind if I do.
As someone who would _love_ to see XV go to 24 bit, this
would be plenty for me.

    a) XV can Load a 24 bit image, and display it in all it's
24 bit glory on 24 bit X displays.
    b) All other operations (Crop, Dither, Smooth, etc.) are not
supported on 24 bit images.

how hard would this be?


-- 
Ken Fishkin	fishkin@xerox.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39011
From: donn@carson.u.washington.edu (Donn Cave)
Subject: Re: Anyone know use "rayshade" out there?

fineman@stein2.u.washington.edu (Twixt your toes) writes:

| I'm using "rayshade" on the u.w. computers here, and i'd like input
| from other users, and perhaps swap some ideas.  I could post
| uuencoded .gifs here, or .ray code, if anyone's interested.  I'm having
| trouble coming up with colors that are metallic (i.e. brass, steel)
| from the RGB values.

Sorry, I'm not a rayshade user - but hey, it looks like this group could
use some traffic.  My guess is that "metallic" isn't a color, in the RGB
sense.  Rather, it's a matter of how the surface reflects light.  I'm not
sure what property metallic materials have, that makes them recognizable
as such, but I'm pretty sure any color material can look metallic.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39012
From: craig@regulus.cognet.ucla.edu (Craig Morioka)
Subject: 2-D spline fit


Does anyone out there know of a site that might have
a 2-D spline fit routine useful for interpolation?

thanks for any help,
Craig Morioka

craig@cognet.ucla.edu 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39013
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: What is 3dO?


Someone please fill me in on what 3do.

Thanks,

BH

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39014
From: alex@falcon.demon.co.uk (Alex Kiernan)
Subject: Re: .SCI files and .SCO files 

In article <1993Apr30.094937.14281@daimi.aau.dk> rued@daimi.aau.dk writes:

>Hello there!
>
>A week ago a guy asked what a .SCO file was.SC(character).
>
>regards 
>rued
>
>

Yes me, why?

-- 
Alex Kiernan
akiernan@falcon.demon.co.uk

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39015
From: dbushong@wang.com (Dave Bushong)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

rak@crosfield.co.uk (Richard Kirk) writes:

>It's the number of legs on a centipede.
>So, now you know.

Is that the number of "left" legs, or both left and right?
-- 
Dave Bushong, Wang Laboratories, Inc.   Amateur Radio Callsign KZ1O
Project Leader, Recognition products    kz1o@n0ary.#noca.ca.na
Internet: dbushong@wang.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39016
From: kseethar@cs.ulowell.edu (Krishnan Seetharaman)
Subject: Looking for Info on Quadratic Spline to Bezier Conversion ...

Hi

I am looking for an algorithm or pointers to any papers on how to convert
Quadratic Splines to Cubic Splines or Beizeirs. If source is available
in the public domain, please let me know.

Thanks very much

-ks

-- 
Krishnan Seetharaman	
E-mail     : kseethar@cs.ulowell.edu	           Phone : 508-934-3628 (W)
Snail-mail : Department of Computer Science, UMass/Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39017
From: corvus@cats.ucsc.edu (Scott Corbin Crow)
Subject: mode 13h


Does anyone know how to access and/or display multiple pages in mode 13h
while still maintaining the 1 byte per pixel memory organization?
Examples in C or Assembly would be appreciated...
Thanks
Scott


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39018
From: psgwe01@sdc.boeing.com (Gerald Edgar)
Subject: Re: Viewing JPEG files

There are JPEG viewers that are windows based and therefore need no hardware
specific drivers beyond those provided in windows. I got mine from the Library
of Congress in connection with their online exhibit of books from the Vatican
library. See a previous message in this newgroup about that.

Gerald Edgar
gwe3409@atc.boeing.com
"The opinions expressed in this not may not represent those of his employer"


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39019
From: umduddr0@ccu.umanitoba.ca (Brendan Duddridge)
Subject: Re: looking for hot Mac 3D anim software

In <C68zD9.Mxp@news.udel.edu> stern@brahms.udel.edu (Garland Stern) writes:

>I am interested in finding 3D animation programs for the Mac.
>I am especially interested in any programs that don't exist
>in a PC port and are so good that they would make me go buy
>a Mac.  Do any such exist?

>Thanks in advance

Howdy...  I think you would be interested in Infini-D 2.5 for the Mac.  There
is no DOS or Windows version.  It's quite an amazing program.

"Some" of the features:

*  Bevel Text
*  Timeline based animation sequencer
*  Realtime bounding box preview
*  Object linking
*  Phong Shading
*  Ray Tracing
*  Bounding Box shading
*  Wireframe shading
*  Ghourad shading
*  Flat shading
*  Anti-aliasing (none, low, medium, high)
*  Environment maps
*  Quicktime support (wrap a QT movie around an object)
*  Procedural surfaces
*  Composed surfaces (for layering surfaces)
*  Alpha channel support
*  Import EPS, DXF, and Swivel 3D files
*  Export DXF and Swivel 3D files
*  Spline based animation
*  Animation assistant (for creating smooth movements and other stuff)
*  Object morphing (surfaces and bevels morph too)

... And lots more that I can't remember right now...

Anyway, it's not as expensive as some of the other animation/rendering
packages.  I think you can get it for around $699 from MacWarehouse.
They also have educational discounts...

Well, hope that helps a bit.

See ya...
-- 
Brendan Duddridge
InterNet        : umduddr0@ccu.umanitoba.ca
America Online  : BrendanD1

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39020
From: robert@slipknot.rain.com (Robert Reed)
Subject: Re: ACM SIGGRAPH (and ACM in general)

In article <1993Apr29.023508.11556@koko.csustan.edu> rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham) writes:
|
|And no, SIGGRAPH 93 has not skipped town -- we're preparing the best
|SIGGRAPH conference yet!

Speaking of SIGGRAPH, I just went through the ordeal of my annual registration
for SIGGRAPH and re-upping of membership in the ACM last night, and was I ever
grossed out!  The new prices for membership are almost highway robbery!

For example:

	SIGGRAPH basic fee went from $26 last year to $59 this year for the same
	thing, a 127% increase.  Those facile enough to arrange a trip to the
	annual conference could reduce this to $27 by selecting SIGGRAPH Lite,
	which means SIGGRAPH is charging an additional $32 (or so) for the
	proceedings and the art show catalog, essentially.

	TOPLAS went up 40% in cost, way outstripping the current inflation rate.

	Basic SIGCHI fees remainded the same, but whereas before SIGCHI
	membership included UIST and Human Factors conferences proceedings,
	these are now an extra cost option.  Bundling that back into the basic
	rate, equivalent services have gone up 100% in cost.

	SIGOIS membership cost has up 33%, but they've also split out the
	Computer Supported Cooperative Work conference proceedings that used to
	be included with membership.  Adding that cost back in means this SIG
	also has doubled its membership fee.

What really galls me is that the ACM sent out brochures a couple months ago
touting their new approach to providing member services, and tried to make it
sound like they were offering NEW services.  But with the exception of a couple,
like SIGGRAPH, all the "plus" services appear to be just splitting the costs
into smaller piles so that they don't look so big.  But their recommended
changes to my membership would have me paying 90% more than last year for a 31%
increase in services (measured by cost, not by value), and, curiously, a 31%
inflation rate on the publications I got last year.

Is anyone out there as galled by this extortion as I am?
________________________________________________________________________________
Robert Reed			Home Animation Ltd.		503-656-8414
robert@slipknot.rain.com	5686 First Court, West Linn, OR 97068

SHOOTING YOURSELF IN THE FOOT IN VARIOUS LANGUAGES AND SYSTEMS

Motif:  You spend days writing a UIL description of your foot, the
  trajectory, the bullet, and the intricate scrollwork on the ivory handles
  of the gun. When you finally get around to pulling the trigger, the gun
  jams.
________________________________________________________________________________

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39021
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Corel Draw or Harvard Draw?

Larry Landwehr (larry@ducktales.med.ge.com) wrote:
: My wife wants to publish a newsletter. She's no artist, so she intends to
: use comercial clipart and customise it a bit by drawing a circle or a box
: around it etc. 
:  
: We have MSPublisher for manipulating text, but it is not suitable for doing
: much with graphics, so she needs a more specialised tool. Right now she's
: looking at Corel Draw and Harvard Draw. There seem to be more books in the
: stores on Corel than on Harvard, so she's inclined to go with Corel on the
: basis of popularity. Can anyone give us an informed opinion on which 
: package would be more suitable or if there is an even better alternative
: available? If this is a FAQ, please withhold the flames and just send the
: location of the FAQ document. Thanks.
:  

Go with CorelDraw.  PCMag just did a review a couple of issues ago and Adobe
Illustrator and CorelDraw were picked as the best.

: Three PS's:
:  
: 1) Is it ok to use clip art from Harvard Draw or whatever for commercial
:    purposes?

(other two deleted...)
As far as I know it's okay.  You'd have to read the licence agreement that
comes with the package to be sure.

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39022
From: Brandon.Vanevery@launchpad.unc.edu (Brandon Vanevery)
Subject: Company info for graphics software

Within the next several months I'll be looking for a job in computer
graphics software.  I'm in need of info on graphics software companies. 
I've checked the FAQ, the resource list, and siggraph.org, haven't found
anything.  The last Computer Graphics Career Handbook that I'm aware of,
was published in 1991.  It has a list of 40 companies in it, but no
tremendously specific information on any of them.

Can people please steer me towards more current and in-depth informational
resources?  Thanks.  I'll post a summary if there's interest.

Brandon



--
   The opinions expressed are not necessarily those of the University of
     North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the Campus Office for Information
        Technology, or the Experimental Bulletin Board Service.
           internet:  laUNChpad.unc.edu or 152.2.22.80

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39023
Subject: GIF TO TARGA
From: david.mason@channel1.com (David Mason)

Krzysztof Muchorowski was asking about GIF-to-TGA conversion so that he
could use DTA 1.5 to convert the TGA files to FLI animation files.

Krzysztof, update your copy of DTA to a more recent release (the current
is 1.8g).  Later versions of DTA can read GIF files.
--dkm

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39024
From: kintur@scorch.apana.org.au (Kingsley Turner)
Subject: Universal VESA Driver

        Some time ago (about 1 month) there was a bit of discussion
        about a universal VESA driver for > 8bit cards.  It was in
        the file uvesa32.zip.  Well i can't find it, does anyone know
        where it is (gorilla.something.something.au), and what sort
        of cards it works for ?

        Also would it be pushing my luck to ask for someone to post
        it to some appropriate group.

                                                        Kingsley Turner
                                                        NSW Australia


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39025
From: cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk (Sunil Gupta)
Subject: Re: MESSAGE: for cgcad@bart.inescn.pt


Sunil Gupta (cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk) wrote:
: I cant get through to the author of rtrace. His site is inaccessible
: can he upload the new version somewhere else please?

Problem solved, its on wuarchive graphics/graphics/ray/RTrace/...
Why does it seg fault so often?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39026
From: cs173sbw@sdcc5.ucsd.edu (cs173sbw)
Subject: Re: REAL-3D

I heard a friend who just return from NAB from Las Vegas confirm
that RealSoft will be releasing a Windows version of REAL-3D 2.0
this summer.  He was told that the rendering speed on the DX50 isn't
as fast as A4000.  However, he was also told that they are switching
from Microsoft C++ to Watcom to gain more speed.  For people who is
looking for a powerful 3D animation software for PC.  The wait
shouldn't be too long.  Real 3D 2.0 is absolutely the most powerful and
flexible 3D package out there that sells for less than $1000.

p.s. I heard a Indigo version is also under development.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39027
From: abh@genesis.nred.ma.us (Andrew Hudson)
Subject: Source to create FLI or FLC ?


Does anyone know if the source is available to create FLI
or FLC animations? I would ideally like DLL's for Windows
but would settle for C source.  I've heard they might be 
available on Amiga forums somewhere.  The libraries
currently distributed by Autodesk, AAWIN, AAPLAY, do NOT
have FLI creation capability, only playback.

Any pointers would be appreciated, thanks!

- Andrew  Hudson
abh@genesis.nred.ma.us

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39028
From: trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell)
Subject: VIDEO SPEED

I am using an ibm dx-50 with EISA and local bus....and I need to get a
local bus video card....

The only hitch is that I need one that will allow me to do the fastest
anims (or flics) from ram. I have 64-megs of ram in 16-meg simms

I am using 3D-Studio from Autodesk and Imagine from Impulse...
They both write out in the .FLC format....

So does anyone know what would be the best card for showing fast anims
from ram.... ie. like the orchid, Diamond Stealth Viper, ATI....etc

any help would be appreciated.... ( I am trying to circumvent the single-
frame route)

email me at trb3@ra.msstate.edu
or just post back up here...thanks


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39029
From: Frank.Neumann@arbi.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de (Frank Neumann)
Subject: Re: What has happened to DKB-L@TREARN???

Hi,
David K. Drum writes:

>listserv told me that the list doesn't exist!  So I got a global
>list of groups from the listserv and - - NOTHING!  I grepped every
>string I could think of.  If Frank, Ville Saari, Andre Beck, or anyone
>else who's a regular on DKB-L can tell me what is going on, please do!

I just sent a mail to Turgut Kalfaoglu (sp?), the maintainer of the list,
and asked him what's going on. If the list is (for whatever reason) really
dead, we might have to put up a list ourselves. But for now, I want to wait
for his answer.

Frank

PS: ...and I just thought this would be just another period of silence...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39030
From: deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Daniel E. Bradley)
Subject: Help! Quicktime 1.5/System 7.1 Problem

	I am unable to run Quicktime 1.5 on my IIvx running System 7.1, and
	I don't know why. (If there is a better group to post this to, please
	let me know.) Quicktime 1.0 works fine, but when I try to run a movie
	in any application that supports it, Like Simple Player, Canvas or
	Word, I get the message "sorry a system error occurred '<Application>'
	unimplemented trap <continue> <restart>", I press <continue> and get
	"The application 'unknown' has unexpectedly quit, because an error of
	type 12 occurred." Substitute Simple Player or Canvas or Word for
	'<Application>, and the messages are always the same. If I restart with
	Quicktime 1.0, I have no problems. Any suggestions? I am at a loss.
		Thanks in advance. Oh yah, please email me as I don't check
		the newsgroups very often.
			Dan Bradley deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39031
From: deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Daniel E. Bradley)
Subject: Fractal terrain generator?

	Does anyone know of a fractal terrain generator for Mac, something
	I could hopefully import into a 3D program like Swivel or Stratavision?
	I know Infini-D has built in capabilities, but I don't have access to
	Infini-D. I downloaded two programs from Umich, in graphics/fractals,
	but both were from 1990-91 and crashed under System 7. I think they
	were Black and white anyway. Please, email me if you know of anything,
	as I don't check the newsgroups very often.
		Thanks in advance.
			Dan Bradley deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39032
From: pstlb@aurora.alaska.edu
Subject: Where did the hacker ethic go?


  A great many computer programmers read "Dr. Dobb's Journal".  In a recent
issue, there was a paragraph in an article that pained me greatly to read.  It
said:

  "There's nothing wrong if Microsoft setting the standards for the computer
industry.  The industry NEEDS an IBM for the 90's."

  Where has the hacker ethic gone?  Not the "cracker" ethic, which is something
entirely different and bad, but the hacker ethic, which tells us to value the
free distribution of information and yield to the hands-on imperative?  Why is
it that people and corporations like Bill Gates, IBM, and Intel are able to
have a virtual dead lock on the computer industry?  Why is it that, if a person
like myself posts messages to Usenet on how to get into the little nooks,
crannies, and idiosyncrasies of a computer system, they are not given any
useful information by those who know, just a badmouthing? (or are completely
ignored)  Why is it that people like Steve Jobs have to abandon their efforts to
make truly innovative products?  I ask those of you who call yourselves
hackers, why is this?  And further, how can you let it go on?  It is a fact
that the computer industry has changed the world, and shall continue to do so
for a long time to come.  It has allowed the propagation of information in a
volume unheard of even twenty years ago, and has made this world even smaller
than it was before.  I shudder to think what that world will be like if the
corporations are allowed to have their way, perpetuating more drivel like the
286, Windows, and the IBM product line on the computer-using public.  

  That is not to say I am against business per se; people who profit off of
innovative, intelligent, creative designs do not bother me.  In fact, I applaud
it; that is the American way.  But those who manage to sell kludgy, uncreative
systems to the public, and profit off of them, are the ones who are the
problem.  And, unfortunately, because they have enough money to make up for
blunt stupidity, they can keep doing it for a very long time.

  I put it to you thus:  Where HAS the hacker ethic gone?  If it still exists,
where?  And, if it DOES exist, why are those who call themselves "hackers"
allowing this to perpetuate itself?  Why are they not creating new, innovative,
interesting ideas to stop the SOS from maintaining its choke hold on the
computer industry?

  I await with interest what will probably be a resounding silence.

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  pstlb@acad3.alaska.edu     |  "Revenge is a dish best served cold."       |
|  "Szechuan Death"           |          - Khan Singh                        |
|                             |            "Star Trek II:  The Wrath of Khan"|
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39033
From: trevor@netcom.com (Sandy Santra)
Subject: Re: LCD VGA display

Mike Mattone (mike@nx03.mik.uky.edu) wrote:
: Has anyone else experienced anything like this?  If this just means that I
: need to replace the screen then I guess I'll have to but I thought that the
: "death" of my LCD screen would be a little less dramatic when it eventually
: happened.  I didn't want to take it in to be repaired before I asked on the
: net about this because I already know what they'll say: "Yep, you gotta have
: this replaced and it's gonna cost you $???."

: I've only had the computer for about 21 months.

"Only"?!?  That's a long time! (echoing above posting)  The way the market
is going nowadays, your machine's obsolete two weeks before you buy it. 
Sounds like you'll have to sink *some* money into it for repair, but
that's sometimes necessary for equipment.

: Is that a reasonable life
: cycle for a LCD display?

I think 21 months with nothing wrong until now is quite reasonable.  If
you had bought a Compaq or Toshiba, you might have reasonably expected the
machine to last longer before something went wrong; but that's a moot
point, perhaps.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
sandy santra                     _\/_              trevor@netcom.com
berkeley, california              /\               trevor@well.sf.ca.us
-----------------------------------------------------------------------


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39034
From: cstxqbe@dcs.warwick.ac.uk (Kate Kingman)
Subject: Re: LCD VGA display

In article <C6BAB1.LLt@vcd.hp.com> edmoore@vcd.hp.com (Ed Moore) writes:
>: I've only had the computer for about 21 months.  Is that a reasonable life
>: cycle for a LCD display?
>
>My Toshiba T1100+ LCD (CGA, 1986) died in 11 months.  Replaced under the 12
>month warranty, fortunately.  When it died, it died instantly and completely.

I worked in support for a while at a company and we had problems with several
Toshiba 1600's in a short space of time. They were all around 2 years old.
Some screens went completely (as above), others were just "dodgy".

This happened to about 5 or 6 out of, maybe 100. They were fairly reliable up
to then and I don't think it was a special problem with Tosh's (no link to the
company). So I would think that 21 months may not be unreasonable - just
unlucky!

Regards,

Kate.  :)|
-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~ Kate Kingman        \ cstxqbe@dcs.warwick.ac.uk \ I leave the typos to   ~
~ ** The Tall BlondE **\ esudb@csv.warwick.ac.uk   \ occupy all the bored  ~
~	:)|		\ 	:)|		    \ people out there. :) ~

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39035
From: abh@genesis.nred.ma.us
Subject: Creating FLI/FLC Animation Files?


I am looking for a means to add FLI and FLC animation creation
to a Windows application.  I was hoping for something along the lines
of AAWIN or AAPLAY by Autodesk but for the creation of these delta 
compressed animations.  I have FLILIB but this seems to be coded for 
the Large memory model of DOS with Turbo C. Ideally I would
like a DLL or Medium model object library, but would settle
for anything, really.  I've seen other Windows apps with
FLI/FLC creation, did they hack the FLILIB code into submission?

Any pointers would be appreciated, please send mail directly
to me and I will summarize the results if there is interest.

- Andrew Hudson
abh@genesis.nred.ma.us

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39036
From: pdudey@willamette.edu (The Lisp SubGuru)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In article <1993May1.092058.1@aurora.alaska.edu> pstlb@aurora.alaska.edu writes:
>
>  I put it to you thus:  Where HAS the hacker ethic gone?  If it still exists,
>where?  And, if it DOES exist, why are those who call themselves "hackers"
>allowing this to perpetuate itself?  Why are they not creating new, innovative,
>interesting ideas to stop the SOS from maintaining its choke hold on the
>computer industry?

How about the GNU people, handing out very good, free software?  I've also
distributed two decent-sized programs myself, the Go player Fumiko (at
ftp.u.washington.edu) and the Genetic Neural Network Programmer CEREBRUM
(somewhere out there).

I've only had time to write these programs because of scholarships and
grants.  The intended benefit to society, or a loophole in the system? 

-- 
! Peter Dudey, 11 kyu, Lisp SubGuru, Order of the Golden Parentheses \FINGER !
! Reformed Church of James "Eric" the Half-a-Bee, Dipped in Curry        \ME !
! "A shadowy flight into the dangerous world of a man who does not exist."   !
! Please mail me plastic spaceships:  900 State St. C-210, Salem, OR  97301  !

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39037
From: grady@netcom.com (1016/2EF221)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

Where did the hacker ethic go?

We hackers of the 70's and 80' are now comfortably employed
and supporting families.  The next generation takes
the radical lead now.  Don't look for radicalism among us
old ones; we're gone...

-- 
grady@netcom.com  2EF221 / 15 E2 AD D3 D1 C6 F3 FC  58 AC F7 3D 4F 01 1E 2F


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39038
From: edwest@gpu.utcc.utoronto.ca (Dr. Edmund West)
Subject: AVS presentation

                      University of Toronto
              Instructional and Research Computing

             is sponsoring a technical presentation
                    on Visualization Software


             _A_d_v_a_n_c_e_d _V_i_s_u_a_l _S_y_s_t_e_m_s (_A_V_S) _S_o_f_t_w_a_r_e


                        2:10 PM - 4:00 PM
                      Thursday, May 6, 1993
                    Sandford Fleming Building
                            Room 1105


"Advanced Visual Systems will present this technical seminar on
AVS, the world's leading visualization software package.  AVS is
a point and click, module driven, easy-to-use product that
produces full color, two or three dimensional rendered scenes for
interactive observation.  It is supported on all current Unix
RISC platforms from Sun, SGI, IBM, H-P, DG, and DEC.  It also
runs under DEC VMS.

"AVS is in its fourth year on the street and is very mature.  All
fields of science, engineering, medicine, and even business
applications now use AVS.  This seminar will focus on its many
features in technical detail during a half hour slide
presentation.  Following a question period there will be a live
demonstration using a Sun SPARCstation.  In addition, a new AVS
program called CAMPUS will be introduced at this meeting.

"Also discussed will be the International AVS Center, which
provides an on-line repository of over 1000 graphics modules at
the North Carolina Supercomputer Center in Raliegh, NC.  AVS has
imbedded tools to write one's own customized modules should these
not be available with AVS or from AVS International."


                            _S_p_e_a_k_e_r_s

     The scheduled speaker for this presentation is Mr. Paul
Ecklund of Ecklund Associates, the distributor of AVS in
Canada.

          _T_h_i_s _p_r_e_s_e_n_t_a_t_i_o_n _i_s _o_p_e_n _t_o _t_h_e _p_u_b_l_i_c

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39039
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?


In article <C5w8xB.Iv6@world.std.com> (sci.image.processing,comp.graphics), wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael) writes:
>    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
>    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
>    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac. [stuff deleted]

I understand that Adobe is working on making Photoshop available for
the SGI Indigo, but that is just "rumor" and I wouldn't bet on it
until I see it. But they >are< going to release Illustrator for the SGI
"real soon now."

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.687.3119(work)            |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39040
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: Oh make up your mind!! (was: Re: XV problems)

In article <1993Apr30.182605.5999@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:
>
>>XV allows this feature, but I don't recommend to use it with the
>>mentioned type images.
>
>Ah! now we see thew problem! First you want to extend xv to allow
>editing of 8 bit previews of 24 bit images. Then I point out problems
>with this. Now you are saying there is no problem because you,
>personally, happen not to use those parts of the program that cause
>the problem!!
[ ..see previous article on this debate for the rests.. ]

I can see XV-3.00 agree with my view in cases you don't -- even I say
my personal opinion (as above), it doesn't mean that it is not most
obvious thing.
Please, if you use my previous writings as contradicting argument,
please do read them -- you have not saw them at all; you just
refered to text from which I wrote 'something' -- and you make
hard decisions from that, without reading what exactly I have written.

It is really hard read when one writes a reply line by line method
and don't understand include previously written material with the new
sentences to give them meaning. You seem to be one such.

You also start replying to my articles, even you don't understand what
is going on; you ask me repeatedly to decsribe my views what were
wrong with XV 2.21 even I posted them within the article you did reply
to. Believe me, it is not nice to get flamed specially when I know
that you have not read my article carefully in the first place.

XV-3.00 and JPEG FAQ and users I have written to agree me with the
places you didn't; I'm sure you just didn't undertand what about I
wrote. We can blame my writing skills (in English?) for that, or?

Better stop the discussion and check what new ideas XV-3.00 gives;
I allready mailed one to Bradley...


Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39041
Subject: Re: Fractal terrain generator?
From: pdbourke@ccu1.aukuni.ac.nz (Paul David Bourke)

deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Daniel E. Bradley) writes:

>	Does anyone know of a fractal terrain generator for Mac, something
>	I could hopefully import into a 3D program like Swivel or Stratavision?
>	I know Infini-D has built in capabilities, but I don't have access to
>	Infini-D. I downloaded two programs from Umich, in graphics/fractals,
>	but both were from 1990-91 and crashed under System 7. I think they
>	were Black and white anyway. Please, email me if you know of anything,
>	as I don't check the newsgroups very often.
>		Thanks in advance.
>			Dan Bradley deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu

Yes I have written something that creates meshed fractal terrain
surfaces for exactly the purpose you require, importing into 3D
modelling packages. Be warned, the data content is high and brings
many packages to their knees. We use it primarily for MicroStation
but it exports DXF, as well as other formats, so you should be OK.
You can get it from my FTP mirror site in the US.
It is
   wuarchive.wustl.edu
my stuff is located in the
   mirrors/architec
directory. Please FTP the README file first.

-- 
Paul D Bourke                       School of Architecture, Property, Planning
pdbourke@ccu1.auckland.ac.nz        The University of Auckland
Ph:   +64 -9 373 7999 x7367         Private Bag 92019
Fax:  +64 -9 373 7410               Auckland, New Zealand
-- 
Paul D Bourke                       School of Architecture, Property, Planning
pdbourke@ccu1.auckland.ac.nz        The University of Auckland
Ph:   +64 -9 373 7999 x7367         Private Bag 92019
Fax:  +64 -9 373 7410               Auckland, New Zealand

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39042
From: <GNR100@psuvm.psu.edu>
Subject: Direct Acess to Video memory

      Hi.  I'm  looking for information on how to directly manipulate
 video memory.  I have an application that I would like to use this for,
 because it is much faster than going through the BIOS.  I know that
 video memory ispart of the system area above the first 640K, so I guess
 I am looking to find out exactly what section of memory it is, and how it
 is layed out.     Thanks.

           Regards,       Gordon Rogers
                          gnr100@psuvm.psu.edu
/*********************************************************************/
void signature(void){
                    }

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39043
From: olasov@cs.columbia.edu (Benjamin Olasov)
Subject: Re: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain data

In article <1993Apr24.220701.26139@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu> danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson) writes:

[A lot of interesting stuff about gopher - deleted]

>If you've never heard of gopher don't worry it's free and on the net,
>write me a note if you'd like information on how to get started.
>
>
>Best of luck,
>
>Dan Jacobson
>
>danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu


I've heard of it but lost the intro posting that came out a while back -
could you post it again?  I think it's of general interest.


Ben
-- 
Ben Olasov		olasov@cs.columbia.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39044
From: thinman@netcom.com (Technically Sweet)
Subject: Re: Universal VESA Driver

kintur@scorch.apana.org.au (Kingsley Turner) writes:

>        Some time ago (about 1 month) there was a bit of discussion
>        about a universal VESA driver for > 8bit cards.  It was in
>        the file uvesa32.zip.  Well i can't find it, does anyone know
>        where it is (gorilla.something.something.au), and what sort
>        of cards it works for ?

>        Also would it be pushing my luck to ask for someone to post
>        it to some appropriate group.

>                                                        Kingsley Turner
>                                                        NSW Australia


Host swdsrv.edvz.univie.ac.at

    Location: /pc/dos/graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar  7 18:00  uvesa31.zip

Host plaza.aarnet.edu.au

    Location: /micros/pc/garbo/pc/screen
           FILE -r--r--r--      21795  Apr  4 00:00  uvesa31.zip
    Location: /micros/pc/oak/graphics
           FILE -r--r--r--      21525  Mar  7 19:00  uvesa31.zip

Host godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au

    Location: /kjb/MGL
           FILE -rw-r--r--      22887  Mar 29 15:03  uvesa32.zip

Host nic.switch.ch

    Location: /mirror/msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  7 20:00  uvesa31.zip
    Location: /software/pc/simtel20/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  7 20:00  uvesa31.zip

Host ipc1.rvs.uni-hannover.de

    Location: /pub/msdos-koeln/graphics/egavga
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Apr  4 17:08  uvesa31.zip

Host sun0.urz.uni-heidelberg.de

    Location: /pub/msdos/simtel/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  7 19:00  uvesa31.zip

Host athene.uni-paderborn.de

    Location: /pcsoft/msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar  7 18:00  uvesa31.zip

Host compute1.cc.ncsu.edu

    Location: /mirrors/wustl/mirrors/msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar  7 19:00  uvesa31.zip

Host rigel.acs.oakland.edu

    Location: /pub/msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar  7 19:00  uvesa31.zip

Host pc.usl.edu

    Location: /pub/msdos/video.and.graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar 11 10:41  uvesa31.zip

Host isfs.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp

    Location: /mirrors/simtel20.msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      11425  Mar 13 16:41  uvesa10.zip
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  8 12:00  uvesa31.zip

Host ftp.uu.net

    Location: /systems/ibmpc/msdos/simtel20/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  7 14:00  uvesa31.zip
-- 

Lance Norskog
thinman@netcom.com
Data is not information is not knowledge is not wisdom.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39045
From: Brandon.Vanevery@launchpad.unc.edu (Brandon Vanevery)
Subject: 3d graphics software company info?

Within a few months, I'll be looking for a job in 3d computer graphics
software.  I'm in need of info on companies that do it.  There's nothing
in any of the FAQ's for this group, and nothing at siggraph.org (at least
I couldn't find anything.)  The last Computer Graphics Career Handbook was
dated 1991, had info on 40 companies, but nothing specific on any of them.

Can people please direct me towards more current and detailed sources of
information?  I'll post a summary of sources if there's interest.

Also, could you please e-mail me, our news server is on the fritz. :(

Thanks,
Brandon

--
   The opinions expressed are not necessarily those of the University of
     North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the Campus Office for Information
        Technology, or the Experimental Bulletin Board Service.
           internet:  laUNChpad.unc.edu or 152.2.22.80

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39046
From: "Changyaw Wang" <wangc@cs.indiana.edu>
Subject: Re: 3d graphics software company info?

I believe many people will be happy to have this information.   So, 
please post it to the comp.graphics.

Thanks,
-Changyaw


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39047
From: dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

In article <0010580B.0b6r49@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:
>
>In article <C5w8xB.Iv6@world.std.com> (sci.image.processing,comp.graphics), wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael) writes:
>>    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
>>    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
>>    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac. [stuff deleted]
>
>I understand that Adobe is working on making Photoshop available for
>the SGI Indigo, but that is just "rumor" and I wouldn't bet on it
>until I see it. But they >are< going to release Illustrator for the SGI
>"real soon now."
>
>--
>charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
>cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
>+1.510.687.3119(work)            |  What else, Congress.

I was at an Adobe seminar/conference/propaganda forum/whatever-you-want-to-
call-it a couple months ago where they announced that Display Postscript was
going to be included in the next release of Sun's OS, (presumably Solaris.)
Sun was going to drop their development of Newsprint, and, in return for this,
Adobe was going to port Illustrator and Photoshop to Sun.  Other than the
articles that appeared in the trade journals immediately after, I haven't
heard a peep about it.  I hope it's still in the works.

-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39048
From: car@trux.mi.org (Chris Rende)
Subject: Need recommendations on imaging workstations


I need recommendations on imaging workstations. As a minimum, I have the
following requirements:

- High resolution graphics (Black and white) for display of Fax images.
- Support the display of multiple simulataneous windows:
     Fax image, 3270 emulation window to IBM host, etc...
- High speed network interface for 3270, image data, etc...
     (16Mb Token ring, EtherNet, etc...)
- Mouse


Any information/experience would be appreciated.

Thanks,


car.
-- 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39049
From: mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon)
Subject: Re: Looking for polygon "convexifier"

>Does anyone know where I can find a code which would take concave
>polygons and break them up into a set of convex polygons?
O

I also would like code or algorithms to do this.

In fact, I am interested in sources for code and/or algorithms that
convert 2D graphical objects into other 2D graphical objects that
will render into the same image. i.e. Bezier curves to B splines,
or splines to circular arc segments, or B splines to polgons, etc...


-- 
Michael Dillon                 Internet: mpdillon@halcyon.halcyon.com
C-4 Powerhouse                  Fidonet: 1:353/350
RR #2 Armstrong, BC  V0E 1B0      Voice: +1-604-546-8022
Canada                              BBS: +1-604-546-2705

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39050
From: imagesyz@aol.com
Subject: WANNA SCAN 24-BIT COLR PICTURE?

My 24-bit color 600 dpi fladbed scanner can do the job for you. GIF, TIFF,
PCX, BMP. Interested? Please write to me: imagesyz@aol.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39051
From: add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
Subject: Need specs for MPEG (.mpg) file format

I am looking for the specs for the .mpg files that are floating around
the alt.binaries.pictures.* groups on the net.  Please lemme know where
I can obtain the spec or email it to me.

Thanks much.

--
James D. Murray
add@sciences.sdsu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39052
From: dclunie@pax.tpa.com.au (David Clunie)
Subject: Re: Easy to translate JPEG code...

In article 1rfsqbINNc2p@shelley.u.washington.edu, stusoft@hardy.u.washington.edu (Stuart Denman) writes:

>Does anyone out there have any JPEG decompression code in pretty much any
>language that I can read and understand?  I have trouble understanding the
>JPEG Group's code that I got from an FTP site.  If any one can send me
>some good code, I will appreciate it a lot!  Thanks!

The problem is that the process is inherently complicated ! The IJG's code is
pretty good if you ask me, and I have watched it go through many many cycles of
revision.

Try getting a good book on the subject, that will explain the algorithms.

Specifically "JPEG Still Image Compression Standard" by Pennebaker & Mitchell,
VNR 1993, ISBN 0-442-01272-1.

BTW. I presume your comment about "good" code wasn't meant to sound as offensive
as it does.

---
David A. Clunie (dclunie@pax.tpa.com.au)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39053
From: jtheinon@klaava.Helsinki.FI (Jarkko Tapio Heinonen)
Subject: FTP site for .pov files?

I know this has been asked a million time, but..

What was the ftp site carrying 30-40 .ZIPs of full POV "source" files,
including JACK.ZIP and KETTLE.ZIP? I've once been there but
unfortunately lost the address.
I'm in a little hurry with it, so please e-mail me at
jtheinon@kruuna.helsinki.fi. Thanks..

Jarkko

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39054
From: xyzzy@hal.gnu.ai.mit.edu (Daniel Drucker)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In article <gradyC6D7Ep.AwE@netcom.com> grady@netcom.com (1016/2EF221) writes:
>Where did the hacker ethic go?
>
>We hackers of the 70's and 80' are now comfortably employed
>and supporting families.  The next generation takes
>the radical lead now.  Don't look for radicalism among us
>old ones; we're gone...

And guess who's here in your place.

Please finger xyzzy@gnu.ai.mit.edu for information, or if you are
a mail/news only site, mail xyzzy@gnu.ai.mit.edu with the subject line
"SEND FINGER".


-- 
Daniel Drucker   N2SXX          | xyzzy@gnu.ai.mit.edu
Forever, forever, my Coda.      | und2dzd@vaxc.hofstra.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39055
From: lars@cs.sun.ac.za (Lars Michael)
Subject: jpeg fif specification



I recently got a document describing the JPEG FIF (JFIF) file
format. I was looking thru it, but I didn't get the idea how
to determine the size of a pic in pixel without decoding the
whole image.

How do you get the height and width of a JPEG in a JFIF?

How do you determine wether it is a color or a greyscale
picture?

I wrote a small tool (lsgif) for GIF that returns the
filesize, picture size and color resolution by analizing
the header chunks. The output looks like this:

  157605  bla.gif                                  640x 480  248C24

I use this lsgif to create index files of my archive and since
JPEG are getting more and more popular I would like to have a
similar tool for JFIF, with an output like this:

   57605  bla.jpg                                  640x 480     C24

Please respond by email, because I don't read this news
group very often. I'll post a summary if it is useful.

Thanx in advance,
								Larry

+-------------------------------------+------------------------------+
|    Lars "Larry" Michael (Mr. GIF)   | "If Murphy's Law             |
|          lars@itu.sun.ac.za         |      can go wrong, it will." |
| lsmichae@informatik.uni-erlangen.de +--------------+---------------+
| Spec. Stud. at Univ. of Stellenbosch  South Afrika | HAM: ZR/DB3BW |
| Grad. Stud. at Univ. of Erlangen/Nuremberg Germany | IRC: Pit      |
+----------------------------------------------------+---------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39056
From: af774@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Chad Cipiti)
Subject: Fractint on a Speedstar 24X


I'm still looking for Fractint drivers or a new release which supports the
 24bit color mode of the Diamond Speedstar 24X.  There are some 2, 4 and 26
 million colros drivers, but none work with the 24X.  

Any help would be appreciated!

Thanks!

Chad


-- 
      ....                 New in 1993                                
 ~  ~~ :::::.~~~ ~ ~    Sea World of Ohio           Chad Cipiti         
~ ~~  ::SHARK:. ~  ~                         cipiti@bobcat.ent.ohiou.edu
 ~~ .:ENCOUNTER:. ~~     "Make Contact."     af774@cleveland.freenet.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39058
From: add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

Perhaphs what Bill Gates and Steve Jobs are now is the result of the
natural evolution of a "successful" hacker.  Either you make money, go
to jail (Lee Feldenstein [sp?]), or just fade away as "Oh, that's uncle
so-and-so who *really* likes computers...".

What a "computer hacker" is and does will change as long as the definition
of the word "computer" continues to change.

--
James D. Murray
add@sciences.sdsu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39059
From: danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson)
Subject: Re: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain data

In article <C6DJ25.6wL@cs.columbia.edu> olasov@cs.columbia.edu (Benjamin Olasov) writes:
>In article <1993Apr24.220701.26139@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu> danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson) writes:
>
>[A lot of interesting stuff about gopher - deleted]
>
>>If you've never heard of gopher don't worry it's free and on the net,
>>write me a note if you'd like information on how to get started.
>>
>>
>>Best of luck,
>>
>>Dan Jacobson
>>
>>danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu
>
>
>I've heard of it but lost the intro posting that came out a while back -
>could you post it again?  I think it's of general interest.
>
>
>Ben
>-- 
>Ben Olasov		olasov@cs.columbia.edu



This is a heavily edited/modified version of the Gopher FAQ intended to
give people just starting with gopher enough information to get a
client and jump into Gopher-space - a complete version can be obtained
as described below.  Once you have a gopher client point it at 
merlot.welch.jhu.edu and welcome to gopher-space!


Dan Jacobson

danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu

-----

Common Questions and Answers about the Internet Gopher, a
client/server protocol for making a world wide information service,
with many implementations.  Posted to comp.infosystems.gopher, 
comp.answers, and news.answers every two weeks.

The most recent version of this FAQ can be gotten through gopher, or
via anonymous ftp:

rtfm.mit.edu:/pub/usenet/news.answers/gopher-faq

Those without FTP access should send e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu
with "send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body to find out
how to do FTP by e-mail.

------------------------------------------------------------------- 
List of questions in the Gopher FAQ:

Q0:  What is Gopher?
Q1:  Where can I get Gopher software?
Q2:  What do I need to access Gopher?
Q3:  Where are there publicly available logins for Gopher?
Q4:  Who Develops Gopher Software?
Q5: What is the relationship between Gopher and (WAIS, WWW, ftp)?
Q6: Are papers or articles describing Gopher available?
Q7: What is veronica?
Q8: What is Available for Biology?
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q0:  What is Gopher?

A0:  The Internet Gopher client/server provides a distributed
     information delivery system around which a world/campus-wide
     information system (CWIS) can readily be constructed.   While
     providing a delivery vehicle for local information,  Gopher
     facilitates access to other Gopher and information servers
     throughout the world. 

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q1:  Where can I get Gopher software?

A1:  via anonymous ftp to boombox.micro.umn.edu.  Look in the directory
     /pub/gopher

--------------------------------------------------------------------
Q2:  What do I need to access Gopher?

A2:  You will need a gopher "client" program that runs on your local PC
     or workstation

     There are clients for the following systems.  The directory
     following the name is the location of the client on the anonymous
     ftp site boombox.micro.umn.edu (134.84.132.2) in the directory
     /pub/gopher.

      Unix Curses & Emacs   :  /pub/gopher/Unix/gopher1.12.tar.Z
      Xwindows (athena)     :  /pub/gopher/Unix/xgopher1.2.tar.Z
      Xwindows (Motif)      :  /pub/gopher/Unix/moog
      Xwindows (Xview)      :  /pub/gopher/Unix/xvgopher
      Macintosh Hypercard   :  /pub/gopher/Macintosh-TurboGopher/old-versions *
      Macintosh Application :  /pub/gopher/Macintosh-TurboGopher *
      DOS w/Clarkson Driver :  /pub/gopher/PC_client/
      NeXTstep              :  /pub/gopher/NeXT/
      VM/CMS                :  /pub/gopher/Rice_CMS/ or /pub/gopher/VieGOPHER/
      VMS                   :  /pub/gopher/VMS/
      OS/2 2.0	            :  /pub/gopher/os2/
      MVS/XA                :  /pub/gopher/mvs/

     Many other clients and servers have been developed by others, the
     following is an attempt at a comprehensive list.  

      A Microsoft Windows Winsock client "The Gopher Book"
        sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/micro/pc-stuff/ms-windows/winsock/goph_tbk.zip

      A Macintosh Application, "MacGopher".
        ftp.cc.utah.edu:/pub/gopher/Macintosh *

      Another Macintosh application, "GopherApp".
        ftp.bio.indiana.edu:/util/gopher/gopherapp *

      A port of the UNIX curses client for DOS with PC/TCP
        oac.hsc.uth.tmc.edu:/public/dos/misc/dosgopher.exe

      A port of the UNIX curses client for PC-NFS
     	 bcm.tmc.edu:/nfs/gopher.exe

      A beta version of the PC Gopher client for Novell's LAN Workplace
      for DOS
         lennon.itn.med.umich.edu:/dos/gopher

      A VMS DECwindows client for use with Wollongong or UCX
         job.acs.ohio-state.edu:XGOPHER_CLIENT.SHARE


     * Note: these Macintosh clients require MacTCP.

     Most of the above clients can also be fetched via a gopher client
     itself.  Put the following on a gopher server:

       Type=1
       Host=boombox.micro.umn.edu
       Port=70
       Path=
       Name=Gopher Software Distribution.

 
     Or point your gopher client at boombox.micro.umn.edu, port 70 and
     look in the gopher directory.


     There are also a number of public telnet login sites available.
     The University of Minnesota operates one on the machine
     "consultant.micro.umn.edu" (134.84.132.4) See Q3 for more
     information about this.  It is recommended that you run the client
     software instead of logging into the public telnet login sites.  A
     client uses the custom features of the local machine (mouse,
     scroll bars, etc.)  A local client is also faster.

---------------------------------------------------------------------
Q3:  Where are there publicly available logins (ie places to telnet to
     in order to get a taste of gopher) for Gopher?

A3:  Here is a short list, use the site closest to you to minimize
     network lag.

     Telnet Public Logins:

     Hostname                  IP#              Login   Area
     ------------------------- ---------------  ------  -------------
     consultant.micro.umn.edu  134.84.132.4	gopher  North America
     gopher.uiuc.edu           128.174.33.160   gopher  North America
     panda.uiowa.edu           128.255.40.201	panda   North America
     gopher.sunet.se           192.36.125.2     gopher  Europe
     info.anu.edu.au           150.203.84.20    info    Australia
     gopher.chalmers.se        129.16.221.40    gopher  Sweden
     tolten.puc.cl             146.155.1.16     gopher  South America
     ecnet.ec		           157.100.45.2     gopher  Ecuador
     gan.ncc.go.jp             160.190.10.1     gopher  Japan


     It is recommended that you run the client software instead of
     logging into the public login sites.  A client uses the
     custom features of the local machine (mouse, scroll bars, etc.)
     and gives faster response.  Furthermore many of the basic features
     of clients - saving a file to your hard drive, printing a file
     to a local printer, viewing images, retrieving files from ftp
     sites etc.... are not available by the telnet logins.



---------------------------------------------------------------------
Q4:  Who Develops Gopher Software?

A4:  Gopher was originally developed in April 1991 by the University
     of Minnesota Microcomputer, Workstation, Networks Center to help
     our campus find answers to their computer questions.  

     It has since grown into a full-fledged World Wide Information
     System used by a large number of sites in the world.

     Many people have contributed to the project, too numerous to
     count. 

     The people behind the much of the gopher software can be reached
     via e-mail at gopher@boombox.micro.umn.edu, or via paper mail:
   
      Internet Gopher Developers
      100 Union St. SE #190
      Minneapolis, MN 55455  USA

     Or via FAX at:
 
      +1 (612) 625-6817

---------------------------------------------------------------------
Q5: What is the relationship between Gopher and (WAIS, WWW, ftp)?

A5: Gopher is intimately intertwined with these two other systems.
     As shipped the Unix gopher server has the capability to: 
     
       - Search local WAIS indices.
       - Query remote WAIS servers and funnel the results to gopher
         clients.
       - Query remote ftp sites and funnel the results to gopher
         clients.
       - Be queried by WWW (World Wide Web) clients (either using
         built in gopher querying or using native http querying.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q6: Are papers or articles describing Gopher available?

A6: Gopher has a whole chapter devoted to it in :

     _The_Whole_Internet_, Ed Kroll, O'Reilly, 1992 (Editors note:
                             ..Great book, go out and buy a bunch!)

     _The_Internet_Passport: NorthWestNet's Guide to Our World Online"
     By Jonathan Kochmer and NorthWestNet. Published by NorthWestNet,
     Bellevue, WA. 1993. 516 pp. ISBN 0-9635281-0-6. 
     Contact info: passport@nwnet.net, or (206) 562-3000

     _A_Students_Guide_to_UNIX by Harley Hahn. (publisher McGraw Hill,
     Inc.; 1993 ISBN 0-07-025511-3)


     Other references include:

     _The_Internet_Gopher_, "ConneXions", July 1992, Interop.

     _Exploring_Internet_GopherSpace_ "The Internet Society News", v1n2 1992, 

     (You can subscribe to the Internet Society News by sending e-mail to
      isoc@nri.reston.va.us)

     _The_Internet_Gopher_Protocol_, Proceedings of the Twenty-Third
          IETF, CNRI, Section 5.3

     _Internet_Gopher_, Proceedings of Canadian Networking '92

     _The_Internet_Gopher_, INTERNET: Getting Started, SRI
          International, Section 10.5.5

     _Tools_help_Internet_users_discover_on-line_treasures, Computerworld,
          July 20, 1992

     _TCP/IP_Network_Administration_, O'Reilly.

      Balakrishan, B. (Oct 1992)
        "SPIGopher: Making SPIRES databases accessible through the
      Gopher protocol".  SPIRES Fall '92 Workshop, Chapel Hill, North
      Carolina.

      Tomer, C.  Information Technology Standards for Libraries,
      _Journal of the American Society for Information Science_,
      43(8):566-570, Sept 1992.


-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q7: What is veronica?

A7: veronica:  Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-wide Index to 
     Computerized Archives.

     veronica offers a keyword search of most gopher-server menu titles
     in the entire gopher web.  As archie is to ftp archives, veronica 
     is to gopherspace.  A veronica search produces a menu of gopher
     items, each of which is a direct pointer to a gopher data source.
     Because veronica is accessed through a gopher client, it is easy
     to use, and gives access to all types of data supported by the
     gopher protocol.

     To try veronica, select it from the "Other Gophers" menu on 
     Minnesota's gopher server, or point your gopher at:

     Name=veronica (search menu items in most of GopherSpace) 
     Type=1 
     Port=70 
     Path=1/veronica 
     Host=futique.scs.unr.edu

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q8: What is Available for Biology?

A8: There is an incredible amount of software, data and information
    availble to biologists now by gopher.

Here is a brief list of the Biological Databases that you can search 
via gopher:

      2.  BDT Tropical Data Base Searches/
      3.  Biotechnet Buyers Guide - Online Catalogues for Biology <TEL>
      4.  Search Protein Data Bank Headers <?>
      5.  Chlamydomonas Genetics Center /
      6.  Crystallization database/
      7.  HGMP Databases - Probes and Primers /
      8.  Museum of Paleontology TYPE Specimen Index <?>
      9.  MycDB - Mycobacterium DataBase <?>
      10. Search (Drosophila) Flybase (Indiana)/
      11. Search (GenBank + SWISS-PROT + PIR + PDB)  <?>
      12. Search AAtDB -  An Arabidopsis thaliana Database <?>
      13. Search ACEDB - A Caenorhabditis elegans Database <?>
      14. Search CompoundKB - A Metabolic Compound Database <?>
      15. Search Databases at Welchlab (Vectors, Promoters, NRL-3D, EST, OMI../
      16. Search EMBL <?>
      17. Search GenBank <?>
      18. Search Genbank - 2 <?>
      19. Search Genbank Updates <?>
      20. Search LiMB <?>
      21. Search PIR  <?>
      22. Search PIR (keyword,species...) <?>
      23. Search PROSITE <?>
      24. Search Rebase - Restriction Enzyme Database <?>
      25. Search SWISS-PROT <?>
      26. Search TFD <?>
      27. Search the C. elegans Strain List  <?>
      28. Search the DNA Database of Japan <?>
      29. Search the EC Enzyme Database  <?>
      30. Search the GrainGenes database  <?>
      31. Search the Maize Database /
      32.  Cloning Vectors: plasmids, phage, etc. <?>
      33.  EPD - Eukaryotic Promoter Database <?>
      34.  EST - Expressed Sequence Tag Database - Human <?>
      35.  wEST - Expressed Sequence Tag Database - C. elegans <?>
      36.  Kabat Database of Proteins of Immunological Interest <?>
      37.  NRL_3D Protein Sequence-Structure Database <?>
      38.  OMIM - Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man <?>
      39.  Seqanalref - Sequence Analysis Bibliographic Reference Data Ban.. <?>
      40. Search Rebase - Restriction Enzyme Database <?>
      41. Search the EC Enzyme Database <?>
      42. Search The Rodent Section of Genbank <?>
      43. Database Taxonomy (Genbank, Swiss-Prot ...)/
      44. Retrieve Full PDB Entries by Accession Number <?>
      45. Search for All Researchers funded by NIH <?>
      46. Search for Genome Researchers funded by DOE <?>
      47. Search for Researchers funded by NSF <?>
      48. Search for Researchers funded by the USDA <?>
      49. E-mail Addresses of Crystallographers/
      50. E-mail Addresses of Yeast Reasearchers/
      51. Phonebooks Around the World/
      52.  Search and Retrieve Software for All Computers/
      53.  Search and Retrieve Macintosh Software/
      54.  Search and Retrieve DOS Software/
      55.  Search and Retrieve GNU Software/
      56.  Search and Retrieve Software for Biology/
      57.  Search for Agricultural Software/
      58.  Search and Retrieve Graphics Software and Data/
      59.  Search and Retrieve all Online Perl Scripts/
      60.  FTP Sites For Biology (56 archives for software and data)/


And the list goes on - this is just the beginning


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39060
From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Looking for polygon "convexifier"

In article <1rvpmc$3dd@nwfocus.wa.com> mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon) writes:
>>Does anyone know where I can find a code which would take concave
>>polygons and break them up into a set of convex polygons?
>
>I also would like code or algorithms to do this.

	Although I am not offering code, I would like to point out that
any polygon triangulation code satisfies the task as stated.  If you
want code to partition a polygon into the *minimum* number of convex
pieces, I doubt very much if it exists, although an algorithm is known.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39061
From: justin@sydney.DIALix.oz.au (Justin Sullivan)
Subject: Re: LCD VGA display

In <trevorC6Cz03.x2@netcom.com> trevor@netcom.com (Sandy Santra) writes:

>Mike Mattone (mike@nx03.mik.uky.edu) wrote:

>: I've only had the computer for about 21 months.

>"Only"?!?  That's a long time!

>: Is that a reasonable life
>: cycle for a LCD display?

>I think 21 months with nothing wrong until now is quite reasonable.  If
>you had bought a Compaq or Toshiba, you might have reasonably expected the
>machine to last longer before something went wrong; but that's a moot
>point, perhaps.

Maybe. I've had an Epson portable with backlit LCD since 1988 which is
still used daily and the screen on that is fine. The only problem it
has (and ever has had) is the "arm" of the screen is sorta lose and if
you bend it fairly harshly the screen goes off until you wiggle it
round a bit. But other than that, it's been perfect! So what's that,
about um, 60 months???!

*-----------------------------------------+-------------------------*
| Justin Sullivan (System Administrator)  |  DIALix Services Sydney |
+-----------------------------------------+  Modem    (02) 948 6918 |
|       justin@sydney.dialix.oz.au        |  Ph Perth (09) 244 2433 |
*-----------------------------------------+-------------------------*



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39062
From: jliddle@rs6000.cmp.ilstu.edu (Jean Liddle)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In article <1s0p7n$m3o@pandora.sdsu.edu> add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
 writes:
>Perhaphs what Bill Gates and Steve Jobs are now is the result of the
>natural evolution of a "successful" hacker.  Either you make money, go
>to jail (Lee Feldenstein [sp?]), or just fade away as "Oh, that's uncle
>so-and-so who *really* likes computers...".
>
>What a "computer hacker" is and does will change as long as the definition
>of the word "computer" continues to change.
>

Or perhaps you write a freely available, GPLed unix for commonly
available computer platforms (i386/i486 machines) and become a catalyst
for a major netwide project which produces a better unix-like os than
many commercial counterparts (see comp.os.linux for details).  Or maybe
you found a Legue for Programming Freedom to fight restrictive litigation
and software patenting practices, thereby protecting the creative freedom
so vital to continuing progress in our field.  Or maybe you start up
a gnu project, and produce by far and away the best c/c++ compiler
for unix there is, not to mention other valuable utilities.

Some hackers make significant contributions without selling out their
ideals.  As for Bill Gates, after pawning of grossly inferior software
onto the PC market for ten years, if he ever was a hacker, he deserves
to have his name eradicated from the Annals of Computer Hackery.

As for me, I like running linux+X+countless other packages, without
paying a dime.  On the other hand, I have no problem purchasing motif
or other good software, as long as Microsoft hasn't fouled it with their
inept input.

My 2 cents worth, flames will be patiently ignored. :-)

Jean.
-- 
Jean Liddle                                 
Computer Science, Illinois State University  
e-mail:  jliddle@ilstu.edu                  
--------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39063
From: egret@wet.UUCP (thomas helke)
Subject: How Can I Download Files/Graphics?

How can I find these files and graphics that people
are downloading from their Unix systems? Then, how
do I download them? I am a complete beginner in
this (obviously), so please baby-step me through
the process. First of all, I don't see amongst
these newsgroups where there is anything remotely
like a GIF, TIF, or compiled shareware program?

Thanks in advance for any information you can
give me. (I know there is a Unix command, "ftp,"
that will allow me to do this, but first I
need to know where to go to find the file
I want download via ftp, etc.

Thomas Helke
egret@wet.UUCP 

//
::wq!
/


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39064
From: dmd2@Isis.MsState.Edu (David Dumas)
Subject: Where can I find someone who can digitize Currier & Ives????


Does anyone know if any of Currier and Ives etchings have been digitized for 
use in desktop publishing?  I am particularly interested in their riverboat
scenes.  Does anyone know who can get me (for a fee) a good, digitized river-
boat image?

Thank you,

David Dumas
--
David Dumas
dmd2@Isis.MsState.Edu

--
David Dumas
dmd2@Isis.MsState.Edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39065
From: Blue-Knight@bknight.jpr.com (Yury German)
Subject: Re: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

In article <1993Apr30.011157.12995@news.columbia.edu> ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Pei Hsieh) writes:
> Hi -- sorry if this is a FAQ, but are there any conversion utilities
> available for Autodesk *.DXF to Amiga *.IFF format?  I
> checked the comp.graphics FAQ and a number of sites, but so far
> no banana.  Please e-mail.
> 

	.DXF can not be changed over to .IFF format what it can be changed
to is an object format used by one of the 3D programs on the Amiga. The
only tools around are comercial for that conversion.


-- 
    _____________________________________________________________________
   |                                                                     |
   | Yury German                  Blue-Knight@bknight.jpr.com            |
   | Blue-Knight Productions      GENIE: Blue-Knight                     |
   | (718)321-0998            ** Graphic Design and Video Productions ** |
   |_____________________________________________________________________|


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39066
From: jackson@sandman.ece.clarkson.edu (Peter Jackson,CH237A,,)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

From article <1993May1.092058.1@aurora.alaska.edu>, by pstlb@aurora.alaska.edu:
> 

>   I put it to you thus:  Where HAS the hacker ethic gone?  If it still exists,
> where?  And, if it DOES exist, why are those who call themselves "hackers"
> allowing this to perpetuate itself?  Why are they not creating new, innovative,
> interesting ideas to stop the SOS from maintaining its choke hold on the
> computer industry?

Since this was posted on comp.ai, I assume there is an AI angle to this.  Hacking is
what AI students do when they're really supposed to be doing something else, e.g.
thesis research & write up, getting their supervisors' pet programs to run properly,
etc.  No-one gets much glory for hacking, and no-one gets any money out of it.
Producing good free software requires an enormous investment of time & resources that
not many people can, or want to, afford - particularly during a recession.

In addition, over the last 10 years, I think there has been a de-emphasis on producing
running programs in AI research, and a greater emphasis on more formal approaches to
problem-solving.  Students have been proving theorems instead of writing programs.
At a conference a year or two ago, Johann de Kleer suggested that everyone should
'Get back to the keyboard' and write more programs that demonstrate their ideas -
and I have to say I'm inclined to agree.

(I don't claim to be a superhacker, but I don't think that invalidates my remarks.
And I'm sure this isn't the whole story.)


--
Peter Jackson, Dept of Electrical & Computer Eng, Clarkson University
"Opinions expressed are not those of my employer or any other organization"
Second Violin, Fiddling Firefighters Ensemble (Rome Branch)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39067
From: mac@utkvx.bitnet (Richard J. McDougald)
Subject: Re: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

In article <Blue-Knight.01tj@bknight.jpr.com> Blue-Knight@bknight.jpr.com (Yury German) writes:

>In article <1993Apr30.011157.12995@news.columbia.edu> ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Pei Hsieh) writes:
>> Hi -- sorry if this is a FAQ, but are there any conversion utilities
>> available for Autodesk *.DXF to Amiga *.IFF format?  I
>> checked the comp.graphics FAQ and a number of sites, but so far
>> no banana.  Please e-mail.
>> 

>       .DXF can not be changed over to .IFF format what it can be changed
>to is an object format used by one of the 3D programs on the Amiga. The
>only tools around are comercial for that conversion.

Hijaak claims to convert .dxf to .iff, although Hijaak claims some stuff
that I have never gotten to work (for example, not long ago I tried to
convert some .iff files from an Amiga video toaster (using CrossDos, so my
PC could read the disks) int Targa files.  Hijaak made some gorgeous 1.5
megabyte Targa files from the .iffs -- all totally black!


+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 Mac McDougald                   *   Any opinions expressed herein 
 The Photography Center          *   are not necessarily (actually,
 Univ. of Tenn. Knoxville 37996  *   are almost CERTAINLY NOT) those
 mac@utkvx.utk.edu               *   of The University of Tennessee. 
 mac@utkvx.bitnet                *      
 (615-974-3449)                  *   "Things are more like they are now     
 (615-974-6435) FAX              *    than they've ever been before."
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
            

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39068
From: R5321GAB@vm.univie.ac.at
Subject: Tel.# for 3D scanners needed!

Hello all,
   I need to make  some torso 3D scans and would like the phone numbers of
companies in the midwest that make scans, and the numbers of companies that
make the sanners (ie Cyberware). Does anyone have an idea of how much a
single scan costs and the best format to save it in? I am not sure on what
software platform I will be using it in, probably either Softimage or
Wavefront. So I think a spline based format would be best. Please forward the
numbers to me personally as I am having problems accessing USENET lately.
Thanks in advance!
 
Patrick Maun
r5321gab@awiuni11.edvz.univie.ac.at
St. Paul MN

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39069
From: aad@scr.siemens.com (Anthony A. Datri)
Subject: Re: Oh make up your mind!! (was: Re: XV problems)

>    a) XV can Load a 24 bit image, and display it in all it's
>24 bit glory on 24 bit X displays.
>    b) All other operations (Crop, Dither, Smooth, etc.) are not
>supported on 24 bit images.

>how hard would this be?

Not very -- you just type "xloadimage" or "getx11" instead of "xv".
-- 

======================================================================8--<

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39070
From: rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU (Richard Stoakley)
Subject: 3D modelers for UNIX

Could someone please post a list of good three-D modelers that will
run on SPARC stations; preferably cheap.  Thanks

Richard
rws2v@virginia.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39071
From: krsear02@ulkyvx.louisville.edu (Kendall 'Opusii' Sears)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

>Where did the hacker ethic go?
>
>We hackers of the 70's and 80' are now comfortably employed
>and supporting families.  The next generation takes
>the radical lead now.  Don't look for radicalism among us
>old ones; we're gone...

Perhaps all of us hackers have become (ICK) PROFESSIONALS?  I have noticed
my and my associates progression from hackers to computer professionals.
It is rather distasteful.  It occurs when a series of things happen:

   1) one's ego outgrows one's talent/knowledge
   2) one's financial situation takes precedence
   3) A change in priorities (esp. family) possibly leading to 2)
   4) the hacker's attitude makes the shift from "fun" to "work"
   5) one's vocation burns away the creativity needed for "the hobby"

or the biggest killer (IMO)

   6) one's dreams are (sadly) shattered on the hard rocks of society's
      version of reality.  Without the dream the motivation dies, without
      the motivation the effort seems useless.

Another set of problems stems from our children.  While most of us remember
when there were several completely different computer systems, our children
are growing up with just a few choices (MSDOS/Mac/Amiga) and do not enjoy
the diversity we did.  I remember the great computer fallout of the early
eighties vividly as I was forced to stop using skills developed for systems
that were now dead.  The diversity of systems before then allowed for widely
divergent paradigms.  That period forced hackers to continually learn new
systems in the attempt to keep up.  Not to mention that if a program was
needed we were forced (in most situations) to write it ourselves as a
commercial offering was just not available.  Now our children are being
taught the "user" mentality.  As the number of us "old-timers" dwindle we are
not being replaced by the next generation.

Kendall.
-- 
   Kendall Sears                           krsear02@ulkyvx.louisville.edu
   Programmer                             ///
   Child Development Unit                /// Amiga
   Department of Pediatrics          \\\/// Currently running AmigaOS 3.0
   University of Louisville           \XX/ And Supporting Unix Sys V Rev 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Life is a game you play once.  In order to win you must make a difference.
             Remember:  This is not a practice session.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39072
From: pbenson@ecst.csuchico.edu (Paul A. Benson)
Subject: "What is Smithsonian Institution ftp address ?"

Does antone know the ftp address for the Smithsonian Institution
where one can get digitized photographs, etc ?
Please reply by email to 
pbenson@cscihp.ecst.csuchico.edu

Thanks

Paul Benson


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39073
From: krs@allegra.att.com (K. R. Subramanian)
Subject: Companies involved with Scientific Visualization...

If anyone has a list of companies doing data visualization (software
or hardware) I would like to hear from them.  Thanks.

	-- krs
-- 

K.R.Subramanian                               Ph:     (908) 582-6346
AT&T Bell Laboratories, Rm. 2A240             email : krs@research.att.com
600 Mountain Av.
Murray Hill, NJ 07974

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39074
From: cfury@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (Chris Fury)
Subject: Re: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

Blue-Knight@bknight.jpr.com (Yury German) writes:

>	.DXF can not be changed over to .IFF format what it can be changed
>to is an object format used by one of the 3D programs on the Amiga. The
>only tools around are comercial for that conversion.

Actually, IFF is a *format standard*.  It is not a picture file format, sound
file format, but there exist several formats that use the IFF standard.  The
IFF picture standard used by mostly everybody is a FORM ILBM (or just ILBM).
The only 3D IFF specification I know of is TDDD, which is used by Imagine and
it's predecessor, Turbo Silver.   It is possible that some of the other Amiga
packages use another *IFF* spec, but I don't know of any.  Lightwave will load
TDDD FORM's I believe.

--
Christopher B. Fury        |  This space for rent. 
cfury@csugrad.cs.vt.edu    |  Call 1-900-QUOTEME for more information.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39075
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Definition of Occlusion


Hi! Everyone,

I don't clearly understand 'occlusion' in computer graphics.
Would you please give me an explanation?

BTW, what's the difference between 'occluded surface' and opaque surface?

Thanks in advance.

Yeh
USC



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39076
From: aaronh@mksol.dseg.ti.com (Aaron Hightower)
Subject: Re: What is 3dO?

In <1rs6giINN6hk@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu> lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu writes:

>Someone please fill me in on what 3do.
>Thanks,
>BH

There is a review of 3DO in the latest "wired" magazine.  You may just want
to take a trip to the local bookstore and check it out (there's some cool pics
too).

(I haven't read it yet, or I'd tell you more.. :-)

- Aaron Hightower

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39077
From: prxfalken@email.teaser.com ( Pascal  Guillaumet)
Subject: Re: OAK VGA 1Mb. Please, I needd VESA TSR!!! 8^)

  Simple !!  Look for VESA drivers in VPIC 6.0e package !!
Many SVGA card supported. Look for it on your favorite BBS.

--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Not tonight honey, i just received my Nuvotel :-]


prxfalken@email.teaser.com
Pascal GUILLAUMET
3614 TEASER
ISSY LES MOULINEAUX
FRANCE

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39078
From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: JPEG image compression: Frequently Asked Questions

Archive-name: jpeg-faq
Last-modified: 2 May 1993

This FAQ article discusses JPEG image compression.  Suggestions for
additions and clarifications are welcome.

New since version of 18 April 1993:
  * New version of XV supports 24-bit viewing for X Windows.
  * New versions of DVPEG & Image Alchemy for DOS.
  * New versions of Image Archiver & PMView for OS/2.
  * New listing: MGIF for monochrome-display Ataris.


This article includes the following sections:

[1]  What is JPEG?
[2]  Why use JPEG?
[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?
[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?
    [6A] "canned" software, viewers, etc.
    [6B] source code
[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
[8]  How does JPEG work?
[9]  What about lossless JPEG?
[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?
[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
[12]  What about arithmetic coding?
[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

Sections 1-6 are basic info that every JPEG user needs to know;
sections 7-14 are advanced info for the curious.

This article is posted every 2 weeks.  You can always find the latest version
in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu (18.70.0.226).  By FTP, fetch
/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq; or if you don't have FTP, send e-mail to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with body "send usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq".
Many other FAQ articles are also stored in this archive.  For more
instructions on use of the archive, send e-mail to the same address with the
words "help" and "index" (no quotes) on separate lines.  If you don't get a
reply, the server may be misreading your return address; add a line such as
"path myname@mysite" to specify your correct e-mail address to reply to.


----------


[1]  What is JPEG?

JPEG (pronounced "jay-peg") is a standardized image compression mechanism.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the
committee that wrote the standard.  JPEG is designed for compressing either
full-color or gray-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes.
It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line
drawings.

JPEG does not handle black-and-white (1-bit-per-pixel) images, nor does it
handle motion picture compression.  Standards for compressing those types
of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG
respectively.

JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in.  The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitations of the human eye, notably
the fact that small color details aren't perceived as well as small details
of light-and-dark.  Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images that will
be looked at by humans.  If you plan to machine-analyze your images, the
small errors introduced by JPEG may be a problem for you, even if they are
invisible to the eye.

A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by
adjusting compression parameters.  This means that the image maker can trade
off file size against output image quality.  You can make *extremely* small
files if you don't mind poor quality; this is useful for indexing image
archives, making thumbnail views or icons, etc. etc.  Conversely, if you
aren't happy with the output quality at the default compression setting, you
can jack up the quality until you are satisfied, and accept lesser compression.


[2]  Why use JPEG?

There are two good reasons: to make your image files smaller, and to store
24-bit-per-pixel color data instead of 8-bit-per-pixel data.

Making image files smaller is a big win for transmitting files across
networks and for archiving libraries of images.  Being able to compress a
2 Mbyte full-color file down to 100 Kbytes or so makes a big difference in
disk space and transmission time!  (If you are comparing GIF and JPEG, the
size ratio is more like four to one.  More details below.)

If your viewing software doesn't support JPEG directly, you'll have to
convert JPEG to some other format for viewing or manipulating images.  Even
with a JPEG-capable viewer, it takes longer to decode and view a JPEG image
than to view an image of a simpler format (GIF, for instance).  Thus, using
JPEG is essentially a time/space tradeoff: you give up some time in order to
store or transmit an image more cheaply.

It's worth noting that when network or phone transmission is involved, the
time savings from transferring a shorter file can be much greater than the
extra time to decompress the file.  I'll let you do the arithmetic yourself.

The other reason why JPEG will gradually replace GIF as a standard Usenet
posting format is that JPEG can store full color information: 24 bits/pixel
(16 million colors) instead of 8 or less (256 or fewer colors).  If you have
only 8-bit display hardware then this may not seem like much of an advantage
to you.  Within a couple of years, though, 8-bit GIF will look as obsolete as
black-and-white MacPaint format does today.  Furthermore, for reasons detailed
in section 7, JPEG is far more useful than GIF for exchanging images among
people with widely varying color display hardware.  Hence JPEG is considerably
more appropriate than GIF for use as a Usenet posting standard.


[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?

JPEG is *not* going to displace GIF entirely; for some types of images,
GIF is superior in image quality, file size, or both.  One of the first
things to learn about JPEG is which kinds of images to apply it to.

As a rule of thumb, JPEG is superior to GIF for storing full-color or
gray-scale images of "realistic" scenes; that means scanned photographs and
similar material.  JPEG is superior even if you don't have 24-bit display
hardware, and it is a LOT superior if you do.  (See section 7 for details.)

GIF does significantly better on images with only a few distinct colors,
such as cartoons and line drawings.  In particular, large areas of pixels
that are all *exactly* the same color are compressed very efficiently indeed
by GIF.  JPEG can't squeeze these files as much as GIF does without
introducing visible defects.  This sort of image is best kept in GIF form.
(In particular, single-color borders are quite cheap in GIF files, but they
should be avoided in JPEG files.)

JPEG also has a hard time with very sharp edges: a row of pure-black pixels
adjacent to a row of pure-white pixels, for example.  Sharp edges tend to
come out blurred unless you use a very high quality setting.  Again, this
sort of thing is not found in scanned photographs, but it shows up fairly
often in GIF files: borders, overlaid text, etc.  The blurriness is
particularly objectionable with text that's only a few pixels high.
If you have a GIF with a lot of small-size overlaid text, don't JPEG it.

Computer-drawn images (ray-traced scenes, for instance) usually fall between
scanned images and cartoons in terms of complexity.  The more complex and
subtly rendered the image, the more likely that JPEG will do well on it.
The same goes for semi-realistic artwork (fantasy drawings and such).

Plain black-and-white (two level) images should never be converted to JPEG.
You need at least about 16 gray levels before JPEG is useful for gray-scale
images.  It should also be noted that GIF is lossless for gray-scale images
of up to 256 levels, while JPEG is not.

If you have an existing library of GIF images, you may wonder whether you
should convert them to JPEG.  You will lose a little image quality if you do.
(Section 7, which argues that JPEG image quality is superior to GIF, only
applies if both formats start from a full-color original.  If you start from
a GIF, you've already irretrievably lost a great deal of information; JPEG
can only make things worse.)  However, the disk space savings may justify
converting anyway.  This is a decision you'll have to make for yourself.
If you do convert a GIF library to JPEG, see section 14 for hints.  Be
prepared to leave some images in GIF format, since some GIFs will not
convert well.


[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?

Pretty darn well.  Here are some sample file sizes for an image I have
handy, a 727x525 full-color image of a ship in a harbor.  The first three
files are for comparison purposes; the rest were created with the free JPEG
software described in section 6B.

File	   Size in bytes		Comments

ship.ppm	1145040  Original file in PPM format (no compression; 24 bits
			 or 3 bytes per pixel, plus a few bytes overhead)
ship.ppm.Z	 963829  PPM file passed through Unix compress
			 compress doesn't accomplish a lot, you'll note.
			 Other text-oriented compressors give similar results.
ship.gif	 240438  Converted to GIF with ppmquant -fs 256 | ppmtogif
			 Most of the savings is the result of losing color
			 info: GIF saves 8 bits/pixel, not 24.  (See sec. 7.)

ship.jpg95	 155622  cjpeg -Q 95    (highest useful quality setting)
			 This is indistinguishable from the 24-bit original,
			 at least to my nonprofessional eyeballs.
ship.jpg75	  58009  cjpeg -Q 75    (default setting)
			 You have to look mighty darn close to distinguish this
			 from the original, even with both on-screen at once.
ship.jpg50	  38406  cjpeg -Q 50
			 This has slight defects; if you know what to look
			 for, you could tell it's been JPEGed without seeing
			 the original.  Still as good image quality as many
			 recent postings in Usenet pictures groups.
ship.jpg25	  25192  cjpeg -Q 25
			 JPEG's characteristic "blockiness" becomes apparent
			 at this setting (djpeg -blocksmooth helps some).
			 Still, I've seen plenty of Usenet postings that were
			 of poorer image quality than this.
ship.jpg5o	   6587  cjpeg -Q 5 -optimize  (-optimize cuts table overhead)
			 Blocky, but perfectly satisfactory for preview or
			 indexing purposes.  Note that this file is TINY:
			 the compression ratio from the original is 173:1 !

In this case JPEG can make a file that's a factor of four or five smaller
than a GIF of comparable quality (the -Q 75 file is every bit as good as the
GIF, better if you have a full-color display).  This seems to be a typical
ratio for real-world scenes.


[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?

Most JPEG compressors let you pick a file size vs. image quality tradeoff by
selecting a quality setting.  There seems to be widespread confusion about
the meaning of these settings.  "Quality 95" does NOT mean "keep 95% of the
information", as some have claimed.  The quality scale is purely arbitrary;
it's not a percentage of anything.

The name of the game in using JPEG is to pick the lowest quality setting
(smallest file size) that decompresses into an image indistinguishable from
the original.  This setting will vary from one image to another and from one
observer to another, but here are some rules of thumb.

The default quality setting (-Q 75) is very often the best choice.  This
setting is about the lowest you can go without expecting to see defects in a
typical image.  Try -Q 75 first; if you see defects, then go up.  Except for
experimental purposes, never go above -Q 95; saying -Q 100 will produce a
file two or three times as large as -Q 95, but of hardly any better quality.

If the image was less than perfect quality to begin with, you might be able to
go down to -Q 50 without objectionable degradation.  On the other hand, you
might need to go to a HIGHER quality setting to avoid further degradation.
The second case seems to apply much of the time when converting GIFs to JPEG.
The default -Q 75 is about right for compressing 24-bit images, but -Q 85 to
95 is usually better for converting GIFs (see section 14 for more info).

If you want a very small file (say for preview or indexing purposes) and are
prepared to tolerate large defects, a -Q setting in the range of 5 to 10 is
about right.  -Q 2 or so may be amusing as "op art".

(Note: the quality settings discussed in this article apply to the free JPEG
software described in section 6B, and to many programs based on it.  Other
JPEG implementations, such as Image Alchemy, may use a completely different
quality scale.  Some programs don't even provide a numeric scale, just
"high"/"medium"/"low"-style choices.)


[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?

Most of the programs described in this section are available by FTP.
If you don't know how to use FTP, see the FAQ article "How to find sources".
(If you don't have direct access to FTP, read about ftpmail servers in the
same article.)  That article appears regularly in news.answers, or you can
get it by sending e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
"send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.  The "Anonymous FTP
List FAQ" may also be helpful --- it's usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq in
the news.answers archive.

NOTE: this list changes constantly.  If you have a copy more than a couple
months old, get the latest JPEG FAQ from the news.answers archive.


[6A]  If you are looking for "canned" software, viewers, etc:

The first part of this list is system-specific programs that only run on one
kind of system.  If you don't see what you want for your machine, check out
the portable JPEG software described at the end of the list.  Note that this
list concentrates on free and shareware programs that you can obtain over
Internet; but some commercial programs are listed too.

X Windows:

XV (shareware, $25) is an excellent viewer for JPEG, GIF, and many other
image formats.  It can also do format conversion and some simple image
manipulations.  It's available for FTP from export.lcs.mit.edu (18.24.0.12),
file contrib/xv-3.00.tar.Z.  Version 3.00 is a major upgrade with support
for 24-bit displays and many other improvements; however, it is brand new
and still has some bugs lurking.  If you prefer not to be on the bleeding
edge, stick with version 2.21, also available from export.  Note that
version 2.21 is not a good choice if you have a 24-bit display (you'll get
only 8-bit color), nor for converting 24-bit images to JPEG.  But 2.21 works
fine for converting GIF and other 8-bit images to JPEG.  CAUTION: there is a
glitch in version 2.21: be sure to check the "save at normal size" checkbox
when saving a JPEG file, or the file will be blurry.

Another good choice for X Windows is John Cristy's free ImageMagick package,
also available from export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.
This package handles many image processing and conversion tasks.  The
ImageMagick viewer handles 24-bit displays correctly; for colormapped
displays, it does better (though slower) color quantization than XV or the
basic free JPEG software.

Both of the above are large, complex packages.  If you just want a simple
image viewer, try xloadimage or xli.  xloadimage supports JPEG in its latest
release, 3.03.  xloadimage is free and available from export.lcs.mit.edu,
file contrib/xloadimage-3.03.tar.Z.  xli is a variant version of xloadimage,
said by its fans to be somewhat faster and more robust than the original.
(The current xli is indeed faster and more robust than the current
xloadimage, at least with respect to JPEG files, because it has the IJG v4
decoder while xloadimage 3.03 is using a hacked-over v1.  The next
xloadimage release will fix this.)  xli is also free and available from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/xli.1.14.tar.Z.  Both programs are said
to do the right thing with 24-bit displays.


MS-DOS:

This covers plain DOS; for Windows or OS/2 programs, see the next headings.

One good choice is Eric Praetzel's free DVPEG, which views JPEG and GIF files.
The current version, 2.5, is available by FTP from sunee.uwaterloo.ca
(129.97.50.50), file pub/jpeg/viewers/dvpeg25.zip.  This is a good basic
viewer that works on either 286 or 386/486 machines.  The user interface is
not flashy, but it's functional.

Another freeware JPEG/GIF/TGA viewer is Mohammad Rezaei's Hiview.  The
current version, 1.2, is available from Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
below), file msdos/graphics/hv12.zip.  Hiview requires a 386 or better CPU
and a VCPI-compatible memory manager (QEMM386 and 386MAX work; Windows and
OS/2 do not).  Hiview is currently the fastest viewer for images that are no
bigger than your screen.  For larger images, it scales the image down to fit
on the screen (rather than using panning/scrolling as most viewers do).
You may or may not prefer this approach, but there's no denying that it
slows down loading of large images considerably.  Note: installation is a
bit tricky; read the directions carefully!

A shareware alternative is ColorView for DOS ($30).  This is easier to
install than either of the two freeware alternatives.  Its user interface is
also much spiffier-looking, although personally I find it harder to use ---
more keystrokes, inconsistent behavior.  It is faster than DVPEG but a
little slower than Hiview, at least on my hardware.  (For images larger than
screen size, DVPEG and ColorView seem to be about the same speed, and both
are faster than Hiview.)  The current version is 2.1, available from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/dcview21.zip.
Requires a VESA graphics driver; if you don't have one, look in vesadrv2.zip
or vesa-tsr.zip from the same directory.  (Many recent PCs have a built-in
VESA driver, so don't try to load a VESA driver unless ColorView complains
that the driver is missing.)

A second shareware alternative is Fullview, which has been kicking around
the net for a while, but I don't know any stable archive location for it.
The current (rather old) version is inferior to the above viewers anyway.
The author tells me that a new version of Fullview will be out shortly
and it will be submitted to the Simtel20 archives at that time.

The well-known GIF viewer CompuShow (CSHOW) supports JPEG in its latest
revision, 8.60a.  However, CSHOW's JPEG implementation isn't very good:
it's slow (about half the speed of the above viewers) and image quality is
poor except on hi-color displays.  Too bad ... it'd have been nice to see a
good JPEG capability in CSHOW.  Shareware, $25.  Available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/gif/cshw860a.zip.

Due to the remarkable variety of PC graphics hardware, any one of these
viewers might not work on your particular machine.  If you can't get *any*
of them to work, you'll need to use one of the following conversion programs
to convert JPEG to GIF, then view with your favorite GIF viewer.  (If you
have hi-color hardware, don't use GIF as the intermediate format; try to
find a TARGA-capable viewer instead.  VPIC5.0 is reputed to do the right
thing with hi-color displays.)

The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG converters are FTPable from Simtel20
and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/jpeg4.zip (or
jpeg4386.zip if you have a 386 and extended memory).  These files are DOS
compilations of the free source code described in section 6B; they will
convert JPEG to and from GIF, Targa, and PPM formats.

Handmade Software offers free JPEG<=>GIF conversion tools, GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF.
These are slow and are limited to conversion to and from GIF format; in
particular, you can't get 24-bit color output from a JPEG.  The major
advantage of these tools is that they will read and write HSI's proprietary
JPEG format as well as the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Since HSI-format
files are rather widespread on BBSes, this is a useful capability.  Version
2.0 of these tools is free (prior versions were shareware).  Get it from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/gif2jpg2.zip.
NOTE: do not use HSI format for files to be posted on Internet, since it is
not readable on non-PC platforms.

Handmade Software also has a shareware image conversion and manipulation
package, Image Alchemy.  This will translate JPEG files (both JFIF and HSI
formats) to and from many other image formats.  It can also display images.
A demo version of Image Alchemy version 1.6.2 is available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/alch162.zip.

NOTE ABOUT SIMTEL20: The Internet's key archive site for PC-related programs
is Simtel20, full name wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (192.88.110.20).  Simtel20
runs a non-Unix system with weird directory names; where this document
refers to directory (eg) "msdos/graphics" at Simtel20, that really means
"pd1:<msdos.graphics>".  If you are not physically on MILnet, you should
expect rather slow FTP transfer rates from Simtel20.  There are several
Internet sites that maintain copies (mirrors) of the Simtel20 archives;
most FTP users should go to one of the mirror sites instead.  A popular USA
mirror site is oak.oakland.edu (141.210.10.117), which keeps Simtel20 files
in (eg) "/pub/msdos/graphics".  If you have no FTP capability, you can
retrieve files from Simtel20 by e-mail; see informational postings in
comp.archives.msdos.announce to find out how.  If you are outside the USA,
consult the same newsgroup to learn where your nearest Simtel20 mirror is.

Microsoft Windows:

There are several Windows programs capable of displaying JPEG images.
(Windows viewers are generally slower than DOS viewers on the same hardware,
due to Windows' system overhead.  Note that you can run the DOS conversion
programs described above inside a Windows DOS window.)

The newest entry is WinECJ, which is free and EXTREMELY fast.  Version 1.0
is available from ftp.rahul.net, file /pub/bryanw/pc/jpeg/wecj.zip.
Requires Windows 3.1 and 256-or-more-colors mode.  This is a no-frills
viewer with the bad habit of hogging the machine completely while it
decodes; and the image quality is noticeably worse than other viewers.
But it's so fast you'll use it anyway, at least for previewing...

JView is freeware, fairly fast, has good on-line help, and can write out the
decompressed image in Windows BMP format; but it can't create new JPEG
files, and it doesn't view GIFs.  JView also lacks some other useful
features of the shareware viewers (such as brightness adjustment), but it's
an excellent basic viewer.  The current version, 0.9, is available from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84), file pub/pc/win3/desktop/jview090.zip.
(Mirrors of this archive can be found at some other Internet sites,
including wuarchive.wustl.edu.)

WinJPEG (shareware, $20) displays JPEG,GIF,Targa,TIFF, and BMP image files;
it can write all of these formats too, so it can be used as a converter.
It has some other nifty features including color-balance adjustment and
slideshow.  The current version is 2.1, available from Simtel20 and mirror
sites (see NOTE above), file msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip.  (This is a slow
286-compatible version; if you register, you'll get the 386-only version,
which is roughly 25% faster.)

ColorView is another shareware entry ($30).  This was an early and promising
contender, but it has not been updated in some time, and at this point it
has no real advantages over WinJPEG.  If you want to try it anyway, the
current version is 0.97, available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, file
pub/pc/win3/desktop/cview097.zip.  (I understand that a new version will
be appearing once the authors are finished with ColorView for DOS.)

DVPEG (see DOS heading) also works under Windows, but only in full-screen
mode, not in a window.

OS/2:

The following files are available from hobbes.nmsu.edu (128.123.35.151).
Note: check /pub/uploads for more recent versions --- the hobbes moderator
is not very fast about moving uploads into their permanent directories.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/jpegv4.zip
    32-bit version of free IJG conversion programs, version 4.
/pub/os2/all/graphics/jpeg4-16.zip
    16-bit version of same, for OS/2 1.x.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/imgarc12.zip
    Image Archiver 1.02: image conversion/viewing with PM graphical interface.
    Strong on conversion functions, viewing is a bit weaker.  Shareware, $15.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmjpeg11.zip
    PMJPEG 1.1: OS/2 2.x port of WinJPEG, a popular viewer for Windows
    (see description in Windows section).  Shareware, $20.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmview85.zip
    PMView 0.85: JPEG/GIF/BMP viewer.  GIF viewing very fast, JPEG viewing
    fast if you have huge amounts of RAM, otherwise about the same speed
    as the above programs.  Strong 24-bit display support.  Shareware, $20.

Macintosh:

Most Mac JPEG programs rely on Apple's JPEG implementation, which is part of
the QuickTime system extension; so you need to have QuickTime installed.
To use QuickTime, you need a 68020 or better CPU and you need to be running
System 6.0.7 or later.  (If you're running System 6, you must also install
the 32-bit QuickDraw extension; this is built-in on System 7.)  You can get
QuickTime by FTP from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/quicktime.hqx.
(As of 11/92, this file contains QuickTime 1.5, which is better than QT 1.0
in several ways.  With respect to JPEG, it is marginally faster and
considerably less prone to crash when fed a corrupt JPEG file.  However,
some applications seem to have compatibility problems with QT 1.5.)

Mac users should keep in mind that QuickTime's JPEG format, PICT/JPEG, is
not the same as the Usenet-standard JFIF JPEG format.  (See section 10 for
details.)  If you post images on Usenet, make sure they are in JFIF format.
Most of the programs mentioned below can generate either format.

The first choice is probably JPEGView, a free program for viewing images
that are in JFIF format, PICT/JPEG format, or GIF format.  It also can
convert between the two JPEG formats.  The current version, 2.0, is a big
improvement over prior versions.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
(36.44.0.6), file /info-mac/app/jpeg-view-20.hqx.  Requires System 7 and
QuickTime.  On 8-bit displays, JPEGView usually produces the best color
image quality of all the currently available Mac JPEG viewers.  JPEGView can
view large images in much less memory than other Mac viewers; in fact, it's
the only one that can deal with JPEG images much over 640x480 pixels on a
typical 4MB Mac.  Given a large image, JPEGView automatically scales it down
to fit on the screen, rather than presenting scroll bars like most other
viewers.  (You can zoom in on any desired portion, though.)  Some people
like this behavior, some don't.  Overall, JPEGView's user interface is very
well thought out.

GIFConverter, a shareware ($40) image viewer/converter, supports JFIF and
PICT/JPEG, as well as GIF and several other image formats.  The latest
version is 2.3.2.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/art/gif/gif-converter-232.hqx.  Requires System 6.0.5 or later.
GIFConverter is not better than JPEGView as a plain JPEG/GIF viewer, but
it has much more extensive image manipulation and format conversion
capabilities, so you may find it worth its shareware fee if you do a lot of
playing around with images.  Also, the newest version of GIFConverter can
load and save JFIF images *without* QuickTime, so it is your best bet if
your machine is too old to run QuickTime.  (But it's faster with QuickTime.)
Note: If GIFConverter runs out of memory trying to load a large JPEG, try
converting the file to GIF with JPEG Convert, then viewing the GIF version.

JPEG Convert, a Mac version of the free IJG JPEG conversion utilities, is
available from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file /info-mac/app/jpeg-convert-10.hqx.
This will run on any Mac, but it only does file conversion, not viewing.
You can use it in conjunction with any GIF viewer.

Previous versions of this FAQ recommended Imagery JPEG v0.6, a JPEG<=>GIF
converter based on an old version of the IJG code.  If you are using this
program, you definitely should replace it with JPEG Convert.

Apple's free program PictPixie can view images in JFIF, QuickTime JPEG, and
GIF format, and can convert between these formats.  You can get PictPixie
from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/qt.1.0.stuff/pictpixie.hqx.
Requires QuickTime.  PictPixie was intended as a developer's tool, and it's
really not the best choice unless you like to fool around with QuickTime.
Some of its drawbacks are that it requires lots of memory, it produces
relatively poor color image quality on anything less than a 24-bit display,
and it has a relatively unfriendly user interface.  Worse, PictPixie is an
unsupported program, meaning it has some minor bugs that Apple does not
intend to fix.  (There is an old version of PictPixie, called
PICTCompressor, floating around the net.  If you have this you should trash
it, as it's even buggier.  Also, the QuickTime Starter Kit includes a much
cleaned-up descendant of PictPixie called Picture Compressor.  Note that
Picture Compressor is NOT free and may not be distributed on the net.)

Storm Technology's Picture Decompress is a free JPEG viewer/converter.
This rather old program is inferior to the above programs in many ways, but
it will run without System 7 or QuickTime, so you may be forced to use it on
older systems.  (It does need 32-bit QuickDraw, so really old machines can't
use it.)  You can get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/app/picture-decompress-201.hqx.  You must set the file type of a
downloaded image file to 'JPEG' to allow Picture Decompress to open it.

If your machine is too old to run 32-bit QuickDraw (a Mac Plus for instance),
GIFConverter is your only choice for single-program JPEG viewing.  If you
don't want to pay for GIFConverter, use JPEG Convert and a free GIF viewer.

More and more commercial Mac applications are supporting JPEG, although not
all can deal with the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Adobe Photoshop, version
2.0.1 or later, can read and write JFIF-format JPEG files (use the JPEG
plug-in from the Acquire menu).  You must set the file type of a downloaded
JPEG file to 'JPEG' to allow Photoshop to recognize it.

Amiga:

(Most programs listed in this section are stored in the AmiNet archive at
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (130.60.80.80).  There are many mirror sites of this
archive and you should try to use the closest one.  In the USA, a good
choice is wuarchive.wustl.edu; look under /mirrors/amiga.physik.unizh.ch/...)

HamLab Plus is an excellent JPEG viewer/converter, as well as being a
general image manipulation tool.  It's cheap (shareware, $20) and can read
several formats besides JPEG.  The current version is 2.0.8.  A demo version
is available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/edit/hamlab208d.lha.  The demo version will crop images larger
than 512x512, but it is otherwise fully functional.

Rend24 (shareware, $30) is an image renderer that can display JPEG, ILBM,
and GIF images.  The program can be used to create animations, even
capturing frames on-the-fly from rendering packages like Lightwave.  The
current version is 1.05, available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror
sites), file amiga/os30/gfx/rend105.lha.  (Note: although this directory is
supposedly for AmigaDOS 3.0 programs, the program will also run under
AmigaDOS 1.3, 2.04 or 2.1.)

Viewtek is a free JPEG/ILBM/GIF/ANIM viewer.  The current version is 1.04,
available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/show/ViewTek104.lha.

If you're willing to spend real money, there are several commercial packages
that support JPEG.  Two are written by Thomas Krehbiel, the author of Rend24
and Viewtek.  These are CineMorph, a standalone image morphing package, and
ImageFX, an impressive 24-bit image capture, conversion, editing, painting,
effects and prepress package that also includes CineMorph.  Both are
distributed by Great Valley Products.  Art Department Professional (ADPro),
from ASDG Inc, is the most widely used commercial image manipulation
software for Amigas.  ImageMaster, from Black Belt Systems, is another
well-regarded commercial graphics package with JPEG support.

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Amigas from
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites) in directory amiga/gfx/conv, file
AmigaJPEGV4.lha.  These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM,GIF,Targa formats.

The Amiga world is heavily infested with quick-and-dirty JPEG programs, many
based on an ancient beta-test version of the free IJG JPEG software (thanks
to a certain magazine that published same on its disk-of-the-month, without
so much as notifying the authors).  Among these are "AugJPEG", "NewAmyJPEG",
"VJPEG", and probably others I have not even heard of.  In my opinion,
anything older than IJG version 3 (March 1992) is not worth the disk space
it's stored on; if you have such a program, trash it and get something newer.

Atari ST:

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Atari ST, TT, etc,
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/jpeg4bin.zoo.
These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM, GIF, Targa formats.

For monochrome ST monitors, try MGIF, which manages to achieve four-level
grayscale effect by flickering.  Version 4.1 reads JPEG files.  Available
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/mgif41b.zoo.

I have not heard of any other free or shareware JPEG-capable viewers for
Ataris, but surely there must be some by now?  Pointers appreciated.

Acorn Archimedes:

!ChangeFSI, supplied with RISC OS 3 version 3.10, can convert from and view
JPEG JFIF format.  Provision is also made to convert images to JPEG,
although this must be done from the CLI rather than by double-clicking.

Recent versions (since 7.11) of the shareware program Translator can handle
JPEG, along with about 30 other image formats.  While older versions can be
found on some Archimedes bboards, the current version is only available by
registering with the author, John Kortink, Nutterbrink 31, 7544 WJ, Enschede,
The Netherlands.  Price 35 Dutch guilders (about $22 or 10 pounds).

There's also a commercial product called !JPEG which provides JPEG read/write
functionality and direct JPEG viewing, as well as a host of other image
format conversion and processing options.  This is more expensive but not
necessarily better than the above programs.  Contact: DT Software, FREEPOST,
Cambridge, UK.  Tel: 0223 841099.


Portable software for almost any system:

If none of the above fits your situation, you can obtain and compile the free
JPEG conversion software described in 6B.  You'll also need a viewer program.
If your display is 8 bits or less, any GIF viewer will do fine; if you have a
display with more color capability, try to find a viewer that can read Targa
or PPM 24-bit image files.

There are numerous commercial JPEG offerings, with more popping up every
day.  I recommend that you not spend money on one of these unless you find
the available free or shareware software vastly too slow.  In that case,
purchase a hardware-assisted product.  Ask pointed questions about whether
the product complies with the final JPEG standard and about whether it can
handle the JFIF file format; many of the earliest commercial releases are
not and never will be compatible with anyone else's files.


[6B]  If you are looking for source code to work with:

Free, portable C code for JPEG compression is available from the Independent
JPEG Group, which I lead.  A package containing our source code,
documentation, and some small test files is available from several places.
The "official" archive site for this source code is ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9
or 192.48.96.9).  Look under directory /graphics/jpeg; the current release
is jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z.  (This is a compressed TAR file; don't forget to
retrieve in binary mode.)  You can retrieve this file by FTP or UUCP.
If you are on a PC and don't know how to cope with .tar.Z format, you may
prefer ZIP format, which you can find at Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
above), file msdos/graphics/jpegsrc4.zip.  This file will also be available on
CompuServe, in the GRAPHSUPPORT forum (GO PICS), library 15, as jpsrc4.zip.
If you have no FTP access, you can retrieve the source from your nearest
comp.sources.misc archive; version 4 appeared as issues 55-72 of volume 34.
(If you don't know how to retrieve comp.sources.misc postings, see the FAQ
article "How to find sources", referred to at the top of section 6.)

The free JPEG code provides conversion between JPEG "JFIF" format and image
files in GIF, PBMPLUS PPM/PGM, Utah RLE, and Truevision Targa file formats.
The core compression and decompression modules can easily be reused in other
programs, such as image viewers.  The package is highly portable; we have
tested it on many machines ranging from PCs to Crays.

We have released this software for both noncommercial and commercial use.
Companies are welcome to use it as the basis for JPEG-related products.
We do not ask a royalty, although we do ask for an acknowledgement in
product literature (see the README file in the distribution for details).
We hope to make this software industrial-quality --- although, as with
anything that's free, we offer no warranty and accept no liability.

The Independent JPEG Group is a volunteer organization; if you'd like to
contribute to improving our software, you are welcome to join.


[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?

Most people don't have full-color (24 bit per pixel) display hardware.
Typical display hardware stores 8 or fewer bits per pixel, so it can display
256 or fewer distinct colors at a time.  To display a full-color image, the
computer must map the image into an appropriate set of representative
colors.  This process is called "color quantization".  (This is something
of a misnomer, "color selection" would be a better term.  We're stuck with
the standard usage though.)

Clearly, color quantization is a lossy process.  It turns out that for most
images, the details of the color quantization algorithm have MUCH more impact
on the final image quality than do any errors introduced by JPEG (except at
the very lowest JPEG quality settings).

Since JPEG is a full-color format, converting a color JPEG image for display
on 8-bit-or-less hardware requires color quantization.  This is true for
*all* color JPEGs: even if you feed a 256-or-less-color GIF into JPEG, what
comes out of the decompressor is *not* 256 colors, but thousands of colors.
This happens because JPEG's lossiness affects each pixel a little
differently, so two pixels that started with identical colors will probably
come out with slightly different colors.  Each original color gets "smeared"
into a group of nearby colors.  Therefore quantization is always required to
display a color JPEG on a colormapped display, regardless of the image
source.  The only way to avoid quantization is to ask for gray-scale output.

(Incidentally, because of this effect it's nearly meaningless to talk about
the number of colors used by a JPEG image.  Even if you attempted to count
the number of distinct pixel values, different JPEG decoders would give you
different results because of roundoff error differences.  I occasionally see
posted images described as "256-color JPEG".  This tells me that the poster
(a) hasn't read this FAQ and (b) probably converted the JPEG from a GIF.
JPEGs can be classified as color or gray-scale (just like photographs), but
number of colors just isn't a useful concept for JPEG.)

On the other hand, a GIF image by definition has already been quantized to
256 or fewer colors.  (A GIF *does* have a definite number of colors in its
palette, and the format doesn't allow more than 256 palette entries.)
For purposes of Usenet picture distribution, GIF has the advantage that the
sender precomputes the color quantization, so recipients don't have to.
This is also the *disadvantage* of GIF: you're stuck with the sender's
quantization.  If the sender quantized to a different number of colors than
what you can display, you have to re-quantize, resulting in much poorer
image quality than if you had quantized once from a full-color image.
Furthermore, if the sender didn't use a high-quality color quantization
algorithm, you're out of luck.

For this reason, JPEG offers the promise of significantly better image quality
for all users whose machines don't match the sender's display hardware.
JPEG's full color image can be quantized to precisely match the user's display
hardware.  Furthermore, you will be able to take advantage of future
improvements in quantization algorithms (there is a lot of active research in
this area), or purchase better display hardware, to get a better view of JPEG
images you already have.  With a GIF, you're stuck forevermore with what was
sent.

It's also worth mentioning that many GIF-viewing programs include rather
shoddy quantization routines.  If you view a 256-color GIF on a 16-color EGA
display, for example, you are probably getting a much worse image than you
need to.  This is partly an inevitable consequence of doing two color
quantizations (one to create the GIF, one to display it), but often it's
also due to sloppiness.  JPEG conversion programs will be forced to use
high quality quantizers in order to get acceptable results at all, and in
normal use they will quantize directly to the number of colors to be
displayed.  Thus, JPEG is likely to provide better results than the average
GIF program for low-color-resolution displays as well as high-resolution ones!

Finally, an ever-growing number of people have better-than-8-bit display
hardware already: 15-bit "hi-color" PC displays, true 24-bit displays on
workstations and Macintoshes, etc.  For these people, GIF is already
obsolete, as it cannot represent an image to the full capabilities of their
display.  JPEG images can drive these displays much more effectively.
Thus, JPEG is an all-around better choice than GIF for representing images
in a machine-independent fashion.


[8]  How does JPEG work?

The buzz-words to know are chrominance subsampling, discrete cosine
transforms, coefficient quantization, and Huffman or arithmetic entropy
coding.  This article's long enough already, so I'm not going to say more
than that here.  For technical information, see the comp.compression FAQ.
This is available from the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu, in files
/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq/part[1-3].  If you need help in
using the news.answers archive, see the top of this article.


[9]  What about lossless JPEG?

There's a great deal of confusion on this subject.  The JPEG committee did
define a truly lossless compression algorithm, i.e., one that guarantees the
final output is bit-for-bit identical to the original input.  However, this
lossless mode has almost nothing in common with the regular, lossy JPEG
algorithm, and it offers much less compression.  At present, very few
implementations of lossless JPEG exist, and all of them are commercial.

Saying "-Q 100" to the free JPEG software DOES NOT get you a lossless image.
What it does get rid of is deliberate information loss in the coefficient
quantization step.  There is still a good deal of information loss in the
color subsampling step.  (With the V4 free JPEG code, you can also say
"-sample 1x1" to turn off subsampling.  Keep in mind that many commercial
JPEG implementations cannot cope with the resulting file.)

Even with both quantization and subsampling turned off, the regular JPEG
algorithm is not lossless, because it is subject to roundoff errors in
various calculations.  The maximum error is a few counts in any one pixel
value; it's highly unlikely that this could be perceived by the human eye,
but it might be a concern if you are doing machine processing of an image.

At this minimum-loss setting, regular JPEG produces files that are perhaps
half the size of an uncompressed 24-bit-per-pixel image.  True lossless JPEG
provides roughly the same amount of compression, but it guarantees
bit-for-bit accuracy.

If you have an application requiring lossless storage of images with less
than 6 bits per pixel (per color component), you may want to look into the
JBIG bilevel image compression standard.  This performs better than JPEG
lossless on such images.  JPEG lossless is superior to JBIG on images with
6 or more bits per pixel; furthermore, JPEG is public domain (at least with a
Huffman back end), while the JBIG techniques are heavily covered by patents.


[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?

Strictly speaking, JPEG refers only to a family of compression algorithms;
it does *not* refer to a specific image file format.  The JPEG committee was
prevented from defining a file format by turf wars within the international
standards organizations.

Since we can't actually exchange images with anyone else unless we agree on
a common file format, this leaves us with a problem.  In the absence of
official standards, a number of JPEG program writers have just gone off to
"do their own thing", and as a result their programs aren't compatible with
anybody else's.

The closest thing we have to a de-facto standard JPEG format is some work
that's been coordinated by people at C-Cube Microsystems.  They have defined
two JPEG-based file formats:
  * JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), a "low-end" format that transports
    pixels and not much else.
  * TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, an extension of the Aldus TIFF format.  TIFF is
    a "high-end" format that will let you record just about everything you
    ever wanted to know about an image, and a lot more besides :-).  TIFF is
    a lot more complex than JFIF, and may well prove less transportable,
    because different vendors have historically implemented slightly different
    and incompatible subsets of TIFF.  It's not likely that adding JPEG to the
    mix will do anything to improve this situation.
Both of these formats were developed with input from all the major vendors
of JPEG-related products; it's reasonably likely that future commercial
products will adhere to one or both standards.

I believe that Usenet should adopt JFIF as the replacement for GIF in
picture postings.  JFIF is simpler than TIFF and is available now; the
TIFF 6.0 spec has only recently been officially adopted, and it is still
unusably vague on some crucial details.  Even when TIFF/JPEG is well
defined, the JFIF format is likely to be a widely supported "lowest common
denominator"; TIFF/JPEG files may never be as transportable.

A particular case that people may be interested in is Apple's QuickTime
software for the Macintosh.  QuickTime uses a JFIF-compatible format wrapped
inside the Mac-specific PICT structure.  Conversion between JFIF and
QuickTime JPEG is pretty straightforward, and several Mac programs are
available to do it (see Mac portion of section 6A).  If you have an editor
that handles binary files, you can strip a QuickTime JPEG PICT down to JFIF
by hand; see section 11 for details.

Another particular case is Handmade Software's programs (GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF and
Image Alchemy).  These programs are capable of reading and writing JFIF
format.  By default, though, they write a proprietary format developed by
HSI.  This format is NOT readable by any non-HSI programs and should not be
used for Usenet postings.  Use the -j switch to get JFIF output.  (This
applies to old versions of these programs; the current releases emit JFIF
format by default.  You still should be careful not to post HSI-format
files, unless you want to get flamed by people on non-PC platforms.)


[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?

If you have an alleged JPEG file that your software won't read, it's likely
to be HSI format or some other proprietary JPEG-based format.  You can tell
what you have by inspecting the first few bytes of the file:

1.  A JFIF-standard file will start with the characters (hex) FF D8 FF E0,
    followed by two variable bytes (often hex 00 10), followed by 'JFIF'.

2.  If you see FF D8 at the start, but not the rest of it, you may have a
    "raw JPEG" file.  This is probably decodable as-is by JFIF software ---
    it's worth a try, anyway.

3.  HSI files start with 'hsi1'.  You're out of luck unless you have HSI
    software.  Portions of the file may look like plain JPEG data, but they
    won't decompress properly with non-HSI programs.

4.  A Macintosh PICT file, if JPEG-compressed, will have a couple hundred
    bytes of header followed by a JFIF header (scan for 'JFIF').  Strip off
    everything before the FF D8 and you should be able to read it.

5.  Anything else: it's a proprietary format, or not JPEG at all.  If you are
    lucky, the file may consist of a header and a raw JPEG data stream.
    If you can identify the start of the JPEG data stream (look for FF D8),
    try stripping off everything before that.

In uuencoded Usenet postings, the characteristic JFIF pattern is

	"begin" line
	M_]C_X ...

whereas uuencoded HSI files will start with

	"begin" line
	M:'-I ...

If you learn to check for the former, you can save yourself the trouble of
downloading non-JFIF files.


[12]  What about arithmetic coding?

The JPEG spec defines two different "back end" modules for the final output
of compressed data: either Huffman coding or arithmetic coding is allowed.
The choice has no impact on image quality, but arithmetic coding usually
produces a smaller compressed file.  On typical images, arithmetic coding
produces a file 5 or 10 percent smaller than Huffman coding.  (All the
file-size numbers previously cited are for Huffman coding.)

Unfortunately, the particular variant of arithmetic coding specified by the
JPEG standard is subject to patents owned by IBM, AT&T, and Mitsubishi.
Thus *you cannot legally use arithmetic coding* unless you obtain licenses
from these companies.  (The "fair use" doctrine allows people to implement
and test the algorithm, but actually storing any images with it is dubious
at best.)

At least in the short run, I recommend that people not worry about
arithmetic coding; the space savings isn't great enough to justify the
potential legal hassles.  In particular, arithmetic coding *should not*
be used for any images to be exchanged on Usenet.

There is some small chance that the legal situation may change in the
future.  Stay tuned for further details.


[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?

It would be nice if, having compressed an image with JPEG, you could
decompress it, manipulate it (crop off a border, say), and recompress it
without any further image degradation beyond what you lost initially.
Unfortunately THIS IS NOT THE CASE.  In general, recompressing an altered
image loses more information, though usually not as much as was lost the
first time around.

The next best thing would be that if you decompress an image and recompress
it *without changing it* then there is no further loss, i.e., you get an
identical JPEG file.  Even this is not true; at least, not with the current
free JPEG software.  It's essentially a problem of accumulation of roundoff
error.  If you repeatedly compress and decompress, the image will eventually
degrade to where you can see visible changes from the first-generation
output.  (It usually takes many such cycles to get visible change.)
One of the things on our to-do list is to see if accumulation of error can
be avoided or limited, but I am not optimistic about it.

In any case, the most that could possibly be guaranteed would be that
compressing the unmodified full-color output of djpeg, at the original
quality setting, would introduce no further loss.  Even such simple changes
as cropping off a border could cause further roundoff-error degradation.
(If you're wondering why, it's because the pixel-block boundaries move.
If you cropped off only multiples of 16 pixels, you might be safe, but
that's a mighty limited capability!)

The bottom line is that JPEG is a useful format for archival storage and
transmission of images, but you don't want to use it as an intermediate
format for sequences of image manipulation steps.  Use a lossless format
(PPM, RLE, TIFF, etc) while working on the image, then JPEG it when you are
ready to file it away.  Aside from avoiding degradation, you will save a lot
of compression/decompression time this way :-).


[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

As stated earlier, you *will* lose some amount of image information if you
convert an existing GIF image to JPEG.  If you can obtain the original
full-color data the GIF was made from, it's far better to make a JPEG from
that.  But if you need to save space and have only the GIF to work from,
here are some suggestions for getting maximum space savings with minimum
loss of quality.

The first rule when converting a GIF library is to look at each JPEG, to
make sure you are happy with it, before throwing away the corresponding GIF;
that will give you a chance to re-do the conversion with a higher quality
setting if necessary.  Some GIFs may be better left as GIFs, as explained in
section 3; in particular, cartoon-type GIFs with sixteen or fewer colors
don't convert well.  You may find that a JPEG file of reasonable quality
will be *larger* than the GIF.  (So check the sizes too.)

Experience to date suggests that large, high-visual-quality GIFs are the best
candidates for conversion to JPEG.  They chew up the most storage so offer
the most potential savings, and they convert to JPEG with least degradation.
Don't waste your time converting any GIF much under 100 Kbytes.  Also, don't
expect JPEG files converted from GIFs to be as small as those created
directly from full-color originals.  To maintain image quality you may have
to let the converted files be as much as twice as big as straight-through
JPEG files would be (i.e., shoot for 1/2 or 1/3rd the size of the GIF file,
not 1/4th as suggested in earlier comparisons).

Many people have developed an odd habit of putting a large constant-color
border around a GIF image.  While useless, this was nearly free in terms of
storage cost in GIF files.  It is NOT free in JPEG files, and the sharp
border boundary can create visible artifacts ("ghost" edges).  Do yourself
a favor and crop off any border before JPEGing.  (If you are on an X Windows
system, XV's manual and automatic cropping functions are a very painless
way to do this.)

cjpeg's default Q setting of 75 is appropriate for full-color input, but
for GIF inputs, Q settings of 85 to 95 often seem to be necessary to avoid
image degradation.  (If you apply smoothing as suggested below, the higher
Q setting may not be necessary.)

Color GIFs of photographs or complex artwork are usually "dithered" to fool
your eye into seeing more than the 256 colors that GIF can actually store.
If you enlarge the image, you will see that adjacent pixels are often of
significantly different colors; at normal size the eye averages these pixels
together to produce the illusion of an intermediate color value.  The
trouble with dithering is that, to JPEG, it looks like high-spatial-frequency
color noise; and JPEG can't compress noise very well.  The resulting JPEG
file is both larger and of lower image quality than what you would have
gotten from JPEGing the original full color image (if you had it).
To get around this, you want to "smooth" the GIF image before compression.
Smoothing averages together nearby pixels, thus approximating the color that
you thought you saw anyway, and in the process getting rid of the rapid
color changes that give JPEG trouble.  Appropriate use of smoothing will
often let you avoid using a high Q factor, thus further reducing the size of
the compressed file, while still obtaining a better-looking output image
than you'd get without smoothing.

With the V4 free JPEG software (or products based on it), a simple smoothing
capability is built in.  Try "-smooth 10" or so when converting GIFs.
Values of 10 to 25 seem to work well for high-quality GIFs.  Heavy-handed
dithering may require larger smoothing factors.  (If you can see regular
fine-scale patterns on the GIF image even without enlargement, then strong
smoothing is definitely called for.)  Too large a smoothing factor will blur
the output image, which you don't want.  If you are an image processing
wizard, you can also do smoothing with a separate filtering program, such as
pnmconvol from the PBMPLUS package.  However, cjpeg's built-in smoother is
a LOT faster than pnmconvol...

The upshot of all this is that "cjpeg -quality 85 -smooth 10" is probably a
good starting point for converting GIFs.  But if you really care about the
image, you'll want to check the results and maybe try a few other settings.


---------------------

For more information about JPEG in general or the free JPEG software in
particular, contact the Independent JPEG Group at jpeg-info@uunet.uu.net.

-- 
			tom lane
			organizer, Independent JPEG Group
Internet: tgl@cs.cmu.edu	BITNET: tgl%cs.cmu.edu@carnegie

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39079
From: grady@netcom.com (1016/2EF221)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

Kendall 'Opusii' Sears (krsear02@ulkyvx.louisville.edu) wrote:
: 
: or the biggest killer (IMO)
: 
:    6) one's dreams are (sadly) shattered on the hard rocks of society's
:       version of reality.  Without the dream the motivation dies, without
:       the motivation the effort seems useless.
: 

Actually there are more possibilities -- one is that with practice the
hacker has become so good and powerful in manipulating data streams
that s/he goes simply underground...

Possessing true power perhaps there is no need to impress anyone with it.

-- 
grady@netcom.com  2EF221 / 15 E2 AD D3 D1 C6 F3 FC  58 AC F7 3D 4F 01 1E 2F


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39080
From: rhc52134@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Richard)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

Appsoft Image is available for NeXTStep. It is a image processing program
similar to Adobe Photoshop. It is reviewed in the April '93 issue of
Publish! Magazine.


Richardt

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39081
From: zstern@adobe.com (Zalman Stern)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

Charles Boesel writes
> 
> In article <C5w8xB.Iv6@world.std.com>  
(sci.image.processing,comp.graphics), wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael)  
writes:
> >    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
> >    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
> >    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac. [stuff deleted]
> 
> I understand that Adobe is working on making Photoshop available for
> the SGI Indigo, but that is just "rumor" and I wouldn't bet on it
> until I see it. But they >are< going to release Illustrator for the SGI
> "real soon now."
> 

Illustrator for SGI is a shipping product. Adobe and SGI have announced that  
Photoshop is being ported to SGI machines. A simillar announcement has been  
made by Adobe and Sun for Sun platforms. No dates have been announced to the  
best of my knowledge.
--
Zalman Stern		   zalman@adobe.com		    (415) 962 3824
Adobe Systems, 1585 Charleston Rd., POB 7900, Mountain View, CA 94039-7900
  "We're just a couple of joyful little pervo-goats." -- Akbar (Jeff?)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39082
From: roddi@cs.monash.edu.au (Roddi Walker)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?


On a more cheerful note, perhaps hackerism/hacking isn't completely dead.

As someone else said, take the GNU offerings for example - free, redistributable and 
often better than the commercial stuff.  Take also the number of papers published
every year in all the fields of computer science - the vast majority of these papers
detail original work of real, often exceptional merit - and the authors are sharing
this knowledge.

Have Fun,
Roddi

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39083
From: christen@astro.ocis.temple.edu (Carl Christensen)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

I think the main reason is that in the good old hacker days of the young(er)
Gates' and Jobs' of the world, the computer was not as widespread a
phenomenom as it is now.  With the increased popularity of the PC
come a plethora of mundane business uses which required more practical
minded and narrower-focused programmers.

Why be a hacker when you can get a good job programming databases or
programs for accountants?  Basically, the yuppies caught up and
disciplined the hackers, and molded them in their own image.

--
Carl Christensen                /~~\_/~\        ,,,  Dept. of Computer Science
christen@astro.ocis.temple.edu |  #=#==========#   | Temple University        
"Curiouser and curiouser!" - LC \__/~\_/        ```  Philadelphia, PA  USA   

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39084
From: jchinnic@mach1.wlu.ca (john chinnick 8335 a)
Subject: Wanted: 3d rendering lib for PC

Does any one know of a decent quality library of routines for
performing 3D graphics modelling on the PC?

Ideally the routines would be embeded in our application program.

Requirements (wish list):
- flat surface modelling (simple phong shading optional)
- ability to plot hidden-line drawings
- Texture mapping -- both procedural and bit map
- modeling light sources (local, distant, and spot lights)
- Ray-tracing
- Radiosity (optional)

Any comments would be appreciated.

John Chinnick -- jchinnic@mach1.wlu.ca
phone : (519) 888-9666
-- 
John Chinnick -- jchinnic@mach1.wlu.ca

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39487
From: walsh@mari.acc-admin.stolaf.edu (Brian L Walsh)
Subject: VESA driver for XGA-2

	I heard that there is a VESA driver for the XGA-2 card available on 
compuserve. I just got this card, and I am wondering if this driver is 
available on a FTP site anywhere. My news service has beeen erratic lately so
please E-Mail me at:
				walsh@stolaf.edu
	Thanks in advance. 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39488
From: rob@rjck.uucp (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Help with World-to-screen 4x4 transfomation matrix

I need help in creating my 4x4 perspective matrix.  I'd like to use this for
transforming x, y, z, w in some texture mapping code I got from Graphics Gems
I.  I have many books which talk about this, but none of them in simple plain
english.  If you have Graphics Gems I, I'm talking about page 678.

I'd like to have a perspective matrix that handles different field-of-views
and aspect of course.  Thank's for your help.

-- 
Yes, of course everything I say is my personal opinion!

      Robert J.C. Kyanko     (rob@rjck.oau.org or rob@rjck.UUCP)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39489
From: abig@netcom.com (Access Bus Industry Gp)
Subject: ACCESS.bus (Re: ACCESS.bus Software Creator's Contest)

	Intro to ACCESS.bus (RE: the ACCESS.bus Software Creator's 
	Contest Announcement)

WHAT IS ACCESS.bus?

ACCESS.bus is a new open industry standard for computer 
peripheral connectivity.  ACCESS.bus is a serial protocol that 
uses simple, low-cost I2C technology to link multiple devices to 
a single PC port.  Peripheral devices such as keyboards or 
keypads, locators (Mice, Trackballs, Joysticks), printers, VR 
gloves, digitizers, sensors, actuators or data transmitters and 
others can be easily daisy chained to the host PC.  Applications 
such as CAD/CAM, Data Acquisition, Simulation, Virtual Reality, 
Multiple-Player/Single PC Games, Education and many, many more 
can now take advantage of ACCESS.bus, the technology that puts 
Plug and Play on every PC.

The ACCESS.bus offers advantages to end-users and developers of 
systems and peripherals.  Multiple devices connect to the host 
computer with only one port.  Common communication methods for a 
number of device types lead to simplified hardware and software 
development.  As an open standard, ACCESS.bus enables cross-
platform use of the same device.

ACCESS.bus TECHNOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:
=====================================

ACCESS.bus technology is an open specification, enabling anyone 
to implement it on host systems or in peripheral devices without 
fee or royalty.
ACCESS.bus has a bus topology architecture.  That is, a single 
host can accommodate up to 125 peripheral devices.  ACCESS.bus 
data rate is 100 Kbits/sec.

ACCESS.bus Physical Layer
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ACCESS.bus is a serial bus architecture, based on I2C hardware 
protocol, with one data line and one clock line.
Standard low-cost I2C microcontrollers handle bit-level 
handshaking, including automatic arbitration and clock 
synchronization.  

ACCESS.bus Software Protocols
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The ACCESS.bus communication protocol is composed of three 
levels: I2C Protocol, Base Protocol, and Application Protocol.

I2C PROTOCOL: This simple and efficient protocol defines 
arbitration among contending masters without losing data.  I2C 
provides for cooperative synchronization of bus partners with 
different clock rates.  Bus transactions include addressing, 
framing of bits into bytes, and byte acknowledgment by the 
receiver.  

BASE PROTOCOL: Establishes the asymmetrical interconnect between 
a host computer and multiple peripherals.  The host becomes the 
ACCESS.bus manager.  The Base Protocol defines the format of an 
ACCESS.bus message envelope, which is an I2C bus transaction with 
additional semantics, including checksum.
Unique features of the Base Protocol are auto-addressing and hot 
plugging.  Auto-addressing assigns devices with unique bus 
addresses, without the need for setting jumpers or switches.  Hot 
plugging is the ability to attach and detach devices while the 
system is running, without rebooting.

APPLICATION PROTOCOL: This is the highest level of the ACCESS.bus 
protocol which defines message semantics specific to particular 
types of devices.  Each type requires a different Application 
Protocol.  Three broad device types have been identified: 
keyboards, locators, and text devices.

ACCESS.bus support on the PC
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
All three levels of the ACCESS.bus protocol are supported on the 
PC.  An add-on card implements the physical layer and uses the 
base protocol to communicate with physical ACCESS.bus devices.  
An ACCESS.bus Manager - TSR under DOS and a DLL under Windows 3.1 
- controls the operation of the physical layer and interacts with 
the ACCESS.bus device drivers.  Drivers are available for 
multiple ACCESS.bus keyboards, locators and printers for DOS and 
Windows 3.1.  Also available are C language source code examples 
of the interface from applications to the device drivers.


To Contact ABIG (the ACCESS.bus Industry Group):
------------------------------------------------
Postal Address:
370 Altair Way, Suite 215, Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Internet Email:  abig@netcom.com
Fax: (408) 991-3773
Voice: (408) 991-3517


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39490
From: Matjaz.Gams@IJS.si
Subject: ``Call for Papers for INFORMATIKA'' Vol. 17 No. 2

This is an invitation to send articles to the Informatica magazine.
The first fully international issue has been published and echoes 
are quite favourable. For any information, contact (matjaz.gams@ijs.si). 

Dear Colleague,                                        April 25, 1993

Number 1 of volume 17 of Informatica is now out of print and some of you 
will receive it in a week or so. As you will see, the journal is structured
in the following way: the editorial (first page); profiles (second page
-- biography of an editor, in this issue, Terry Winograd); the edited
part of papers (pp. 3-80); mission and research reports (A plan for
knowledge archives project in Japan and CSLI in Stanford, pp. 81-100);
and news and announcements (pp. 101-108). This structure is mentioned to
give you a suggestion how could you help to make the contents of the
journal significant, diverse, and interesting, bringing your own views
into the discourse.
   A great emphasis is given to the so-called editorial page. This page
expresses an opinion (belief) of the writing editor to some problems
within the scope of computing and informatics, extending into other
concerning disciplines, e.g. cybernetics, advanced AI, cognitive sciences,
mind, informationally concerned neural sciences, advanced technology 
(e.g. photonics), etc. I asked professor Terry Winograd to write this
page for Number 2. I certainly would appreciate very much to get
suggestions or possible offers from other editors, who like to express
their strong (directed) beliefs concerning a future development of the
area in question.
   On the second page of each Number an editor's profile is published.
The aim of the profile is twofold: to show his/her professional 
achievements, interests, scientific, and philosophical orientation on
one side; to narrate his/her life story in the environments in which
editors has lived and live on the other side. This kind of story should
be instructive, adequately factically faced, contributing to the 
understanding of circumstances in which editors have to act and live.
   The edited part (edited papers) is still critical. I would like to have
a stock of accepted papers in advance, so the issuing dates of a particular
number can be fixed (e.g. January, April, July, and October). In situation
right now, I ask you to help me with contributions of yours or your
colleagues, collaborators, students, etc. Some critical views to the
contemporary development of computing and informatics are appreciated.
A special emphasis should be given also to originality by which fresh
ideas are coming into the circulation of different professional communities.
   Reports of different occasions (symposia, conferences, meetings, etc.)
and particularly on new books, papers, and interesting events are welcome.
You can send these news immediately (also by your secretary) by e-mail.
On the other hand, you can send books and other publications (annual
reports, journals, calls for papers, etc.) for reviewing and publishing
in Informatica. We in the editorial staff will manage the rest.
   E-mail is functioning satisfactorily, so please use it in every respect.
You can submit editorial notes, profiles, reports, news and even complete
papers written in standard LaTex format (especially formulas). We received
several final (corrected) texts in Number 1 from different sites (US,
Russia, etc.). In this way, you can compose reports from already typed
texts, using your own choice and editing, and submit them to the contact
person (matjaz.gams@ijs.si), who is always being on your disposal. So,
you will receive a prompt confirmation and any information concerning
our common interest and job.

At the end, please do not forget: we need your cooperation and help in
every mentioned respect. The aim of Informatica is to open various
possibilities of communication concerning strong scientific and 
philosophical orientations as well as those coming up, still unrevealed,
and on the way to become significant. Please, do not apprehend to give
proposals, suggestions, and, certainly, contributions via the e-mail
and by other means.

Sincerely yours,

Anton P. "Zeleznikar
Editor-in-chief

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39495
From: s8719667@cse.unsw.edu.au (D W Austin)
Subject: Re: Anti-aliasing & Raytracing Question:

In article <1slb46$lbu@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> g.coulter@daresbury.ac.uk writes:
>Hi Everyone :-
>
>I was woundering if someone could answer a simple
>query for me on RayTracing and anti-aliasing ....
>
[stuff deleted]
>
I have a similiar question relating to anti-alaising that my friend has asked
to have posted to the more knowledgable in this group. I'm sorry if this is
an FAQ.

   "What anti-alaising methods do Persistance Of Vision & Polyray use?"

Thank you in advance. You can either email me or reply (or flame me if it is
an FAQ :-) )

DWA



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39496
From: wnkretz@ikesg1.energietechnik.uni-stuttgart.de (Oliver Kretzschmar)
Subject: Need C-algorithm, which decide whether a 3D-point is inside a space, defined by 6 planes




   Hey,

   I am looking for C-algorithm, which decide,whether a 3D-Point is
   inside a space which was defined by 8 x 3D-points.
   With a space defined by 8 x 3D-points, I mean a space defined by
   6 closed 3D meshes defined by 8 points. Like this :

              _____
             /    /|
            /____/ |
            |    | |
            |    | /
            |____|/


   But in this simple example, the sides are parallel, but my problem,
   the sides can be non parallel and the opposite sides must not have
   the same size etc. Please mail me your informations !

   Thanks for your great efforts

      Oliver

-- 
 NAME : O.Kretzschmar                      Inst.IKE / University Stuttgart
 PHONE: +49 711 685 2130                           Pfaffenwaldring 31
 FAX  : +49 711 685 2010                            7000 Stuttgart 80
 EMAIL: wnkretz@ikesg1.energietechnik.uni-stuttgart.de

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39497
From: gas@vm.ffi.no (Geir Atle Storhaug)
Subject: Re: Help with World-to-screen 4x4 transfomation matrix

In article <C6vnMv.9G6@rjck.uucp> rob@rjck.uucp (Robert J.C. Kyanko) writes:

   I need help in creating my 4x4 perspective matrix.  I'd like to use this for
   transforming x, y, z, w in some texture mapping code I got from Graphics Gems
   I.  I have many books which talk about this, but none of them in simple plain
   english.  If you have Graphics Gems I, I'm talking about page 678.

   I'd like to have a perspective matrix that handles different field-of-views
   and aspect of course.  Thank's for your help.

ca2 = cos(alpha / 2) Horizontal
sa2 = sin(alpha / 2)
cb2 = cos(beta / 2) Vertical
sb2 = sin(beta 7 2)
Zf = Far clipping value
Zn = Near clipping value

Matrix:
[[ca2/sa2 0 0 0]
[0 cb2/sb2 0 0]
[0 0 Zf/(Zf-Zn) 1]
[0 0 -Zn*Zf/(Zf-Zn) 0]]
--
 ____     ___   Geir Atle Storhaug
/ ____/\ (__    Geir.A.Storhaug@vm.ffi.no
\___//  \___)   Phone: +47 63 807658 (office)     +47 63 838987 (home)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39498
From: chandra@bpa50.sbi.com (Chandra Prathuri @ Salomon Brothers Inc., NY )
Subject: Graphics Library (GL) for HP and Sun

We are looking for GL source code, which was developed by Silicon Graphics (SGI).
We would like to compile it on Sun and HP 9000/700s. If there is anyone already
supporting GL on HP and Sun, please respond.
Also please respond if anyone knows where the source code is available.


Thank you

chandra@sbi.com
jon@sbi.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39499
From: ps@rzu.unizh.ch (Sezgey Pachkovsky)
Subject: Re: SVGA -> Hicolor?

Johan Conroy (572391) (jconroy@babel.ee.up.ac.za) wrote:
: I have a question about SVGA cards.  I have a Tseng 4000 SVGA with 1MB
: memory and 3x 6-bit DACs as far as I know.  To display a 640x480x32768, 
: Now:  Can I display 640x480, 15bit/pixel bit-maps on this card?

You can. At the least, your _hardware_ is capable of supporting this mode.
I do know nothing about your video BIOS, though...

: If so, how?

Silly (but fool-proof ;) way: Install Windows with 640x480x32K colors
wideo driver and display your pictures under windows...

Cheese,

/Serge.P

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39500
From: brian@ccnext.ucsf.edu (Brian Huddleston)
Subject: 3d IMages

Can anyone around here point me to information regarding STEREOSCOPIC images?
I believe I saw some at a show room in Texas (Lone Star Illusions)  and 
they were amazing.  I've now heard that they were created with a simple 
graphic program.  Does anyone have any of these images digitized??  
I really want to find a out as much as I can..

					Thanks..	
					brian@ccnext.ucsf.edu
					(please reply to this address)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39615
From: chu@TorreyPinesCA.ncr.com (Patrick Chu 3605)
Subject: Compositing pictures on PC?


I was wondering if anyone knows of a graphics package for the PC that
will do compositing of a series of pictures?

What I mean by "compositing" is, say I have a live video clip
(digitized) panning around a living room, and a computer-generated
bird flying around the screen.  I want to combine these two series of
pictures so that everywhere where the bird frames are black, I want
the living room picture to show through.  Yes, I realize I can do this
with a genlock, and I do own a genlock, but I want to be able to do
manual compositing also.  It's ok if I have to composite one frame at
a time; I assumed I'd have to do that anyway.  But being able to
composite a series of frames would be even better.

I've looked around and I haven't found a PC package that will perform
this.  Help, please!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39617
From: gloster@Inference.COM (Vance M. Gloster)
Subject: Re: Compositing pictures on PC?

In article <1993May15.001631.7051@TorreyPinesCA.ncr.com> chu@TorreyPinesCA.ncr.com (Patrick Chu 3605) writes:

   I was wondering if anyone knows of a graphics package for the PC that
   will do compositing of a series of pictures?

   What I mean by "compositing" is, say I have a live video clip
   (digitized) panning around a living room, and a computer-generated
   bird flying around the screen.  I want to combine these two series of
   pictures so that everywhere where the bird frames are black, I want
   the living room picture to show through.  Yes, I realize I can do this
   with a genlock, and I do own a genlock, but I want to be able to do
   manual compositing also.  It's ok if I have to composite one frame at
   a time; I assumed I'd have to do that anyway.  But being able to
   composite a series of frames would be even better.

   I've looked around and I haven't found a PC package that will perform
   this.  Help, please!

If you can get the live animation and the computer-generated animation
into AutoDesk Animator .FLI or .FLC format, AutoDesk Animator will do
this for you.  It can take one animation, make a certain color
"clear", and overlay it over another animation.  I do not have a way
right now to convert .AVI or .MPG files to animator files.  Animator
will also import a series of .GIF files to create an animation, so if
your video capture stuff can create this is might work.

-Vance Gloster
 gloster@inference.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39618
From: fm24@rummelplatz.uni-mannheim.de (Klimek)
Subject: TGA Viewer for ATI Ultra +

Hello,

the subject line says it all: I'm looking for a TGA file viewer for the ATI
Ultra + card. It should support the true color modes, of course.

If someone knows where to find one via FTP, please let me know.

thanx

Oliver Klimek

 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39619
From: madler@cco.caltech.edu (Mark Adler)
Subject: gamma correction


Can someone who knows what they're talking about add a FAQ entry
on gamma correction?  Thanks.

mark

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39620
From: carlos@carlos.jpr.com (Carlos Dominguez)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In <1sp4qj$243@dorsai.dorsai.org> crawls@dorsai.dorsai.org (Charles Rawls) writes:

>The hacker ethic is ALIVE and WELL here.  I know of what you speak, and my
>only answer is "SCREW 'EM".  You have to do what make you feel right.

amen.. I too have learned by example, specifically yours. :)

>What can I say but keep the faith, there are others who do likewise.

.. but dorsai leads the way.. Unlike other services that are commercial
in nature, dorsai is a community based service. While others charge
monthly fees for access, dorsai accepts donations from those who can
afford to contribute.

   While other systems don't respond to user input, dorsai thrives on it.
Other systems sell hardware for a profit, dorsai donates hardware to
community service groups, and to individuals who couldn't afford to
normally.

   Dorsai lives due to the "hacker" ethic of Charles, Jack, Skip, Cara,
Ira, Mark, David etc etc etc..  sleepless nights and days working on
equipment thats been assembled at the embassy, ( and modifying what
ever else available to work the first time..) in order to keep the
slip line up...

   Heres to you bud... I'm one of the few that decided to
stay, and am damn glad that I did..... :)






-- 
           """           | Carlos Dominguez - Sys-admin, owner, kibbitzer
         -(o o)-         | ----------------------------------------------
 -----oOO--(_)--OOo----- | root@carlos.UUCP or uupsi!jpradley!carlos!carlos
 ask me about HELLDIVER. | carlos@carlos.jpr.com    ( guaranteed address )

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39621
From: ortmann@plains.NoDak.edu (Daniel Ortmann)
Subject: Re: VGA Graphics Library

In article <2054@mwca.UUCP> bill@mwca.UUCP (Bill Sheppard) writes:
)Many high-end graphics cards come with C source code for doing basic graphics
)sorts of things (change colors, draw points/lines/polygons/fills, etc.).  Does
)such a library exist for generic VGA graphics cards/chips, hopefully in the
)public domain?  This would be for the purpose of compiling under a non-DOS
)operating system running on a standard PC.

Check the server code for X11R5.  (or "XFree86")
-- 
Daniel "un?X" Ortmann    (talmidim)  NDSU Electrical Engineering
ortmann@plains.nodak.edu   shalom    Fargo, North Dakota

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39622
From: kkt@philabs.philips.com (Kim-Kiat Tan)
Subject: Autodesk BBS ?

	Does Autodesk has a BBS ?

-- 





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39623
From: cscrjn@hawk.depaul.edu (Rosalie Nerheim)
Subject: Re: SIGGRAPH online experimental publication available

try  cd'ing to

	publications/May_93_online

on siggraph.org

It's there!

Rosalee






Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39624
From: ttknock@SantaFe.edu (Boss Hogg)
Subject: POV animating


  In an attempt to do animation with POV I have created two little
programs. One is a C program that will perform a "morph" between
any two points given the amount of frames for the morph. And then
it will write the points, and the function (translate, rotate, etc.) out
to a file. Then I have a Perl script that will read the list of functions
and insert them into a .pov file at a given line. I had hoped this would
let me do simple animation. However, I have discovered that simply
performing incremental rotations on an object will not spin a stationary
object but will actually rotate the object about the axis. Now I know
an easy way around this would be to first translate the object to the
origin perform the rotation and then move it back but I know there 
must be another way around this. I had thought perhaps it was because
I had created objects at the origin and then translated them to a new
point and then done the rotation, which could cause this behavior. However
this occurs on objects that are not translated at all. Any help is 
appreciated.

ttknock@bbs.santafe.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39625
From: brennan@hal.hahnemann.edu
Subject: .GIFs on a Tek401x ??


      I was skimming through a few gophers and bumped into one at NIH
   with a database that included images in .GIF format.  While I have
   not yet worked out the kinks of getting the gopher client to call
   an X viewer, I figure that the majority of the users here are not
   in an X11 environment - instead using DOS and MS-Kermit.

      With Kermit supporting Tek4010 emulation for graphics display,
   does anyone know of a package that would allow a Tek to display a
   .GIF image?  It would be of more use to the local population to
   plug something of this sort in as the 'picture' command instead of
   XView or XLoadImage ...

      andrew.  (brennan@hal.hahnemann.edu)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39626
From: dwilmot@zen.holonet.net (Dick Wilmot)
Subject: Re: Products to handle HDTV moving pircture (180MB/sec)

kazsato@twics.co.jp writes:


>Hi,

>I'd like to know if there is any system (CPU + HD array + framebuffer)
>which can play and record HDTV quality moving picture in realtime.

>HDTV has about 6MB/frame, so recording/playing moving picture will need
>about 180MB/sec bandwidth. I'm thinking to treat the raw data.. not
>compressed. 

Finding a disk array that can do 180MB/sec. will be difficult. The fastest
ones I know about are from Maximum Strategy (IBM also sells these). They
can attach HiPPI at up to 144 MB/sec. (64 bit). For these kinds of data
rates you need more than SCSI for connections. Their latest model, the
RAID 5 model Gen 4 only does 90 MB/sec. but I think this may be a
limitation only of the HiPPI channel and that customer needs have not
exceeded that speed since their older model was faster. They are also not
idle (must be working on newer products that might be faster) and are a
small company so you might be able to ask about custom interfaces. They
still marketed the older, faster model as of a few mongths ago.

Maximum Strategy, Inc.
801 Buckeye Court
Milpitas, CA 95035-7408
sales@maxstrat.com

You might still want to look into compression as it will be very difficult
to keep the HiPPI bus fully working at all times - sustained throughput
might come close to maximum burst rate.

Interesting problem. Tell us more if you can?

>If anyone can advise me what kind of product I should look into, please
>e-mail me. I will appriciate it. The vendor's e-mail address, price of
>the products, actual performance data of the products, any info will 
>help me.

>Thanks in advance,

>Kaz Sato, Tokyo, Japan
>e-mail: kazsato@twics.co.jp
-- 
          Dick Wilmot
          Editor, Independent RAID Report
          (510) 938-7425


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39627
From:  Vereskova Elena <Vereskova_Elena@p0.f0.n23.z22.zenonet.org>
Subject: Wanted:MPEG description or sources:encoders+decoders.

Please help with MPEG description or sources:decoders &
encoders. Great thanks in advance.


--- Maximus 2.01wb
 * Origin: Mister Postman BBS (22:23/0)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39628
From: zippy@cyberden.sf.ca.us
Subject: re: Gif to 3dstudio

as far as simply mapping your logo or whatever onto a cube or sphere, 
it's quite easy. Just either copy the GIF you want mapped into the map 
directory or add a map path to the directory where it currently is. Then 
go into the materials editor and make a new material with that as the bit 
map, voila.. 

__________________________________________________________________________
   |       /         |\
   | H E   \ Y B E R |/ E N            [ zippy@cyberden.sf.ca.us ]

   The CyberDen - Public Access Waffle Usenet System - 415/472-5527

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39629
From: kyle@wam.umd.edu (Kyle Xavier Hourihan)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In article <12MAY199322394641@vxcrna.cern.ch> filipe@vxcrna.cern.ch (VINCI) writes:
    .. blah blah .. talking about hackers.. you know ..


Wow!  A new proof for an NP-Complete problem, you guys in Eurpoe
really got your stuff together!


Base Step:  [deleted too bad]

Inductive Step:
>
> But anyway, poor golfers, bad carpenters or bad surgeons are not
> thieves, so your assertion that hacker==thief is unsupported by
> your argument, IMHO. The narrower view that a hacker, when
> associated with the computing environment, is a dishonest
> expert is not so widespread ...

Inductive Hypothesis:
> Therefore I conclude that if you call yourself a hacker, and somebody
> perceives you as a thief, then this person belongs to a very very
> small group that has some computer knowledge, but not enough to know
> the wider (and original) meaning of the word. Of course, one can
> always know this and disregard it nonetheless, then 
> equate hacker to thief, giving substance to Mr. Humpty's assertion,
> even though in a kind of reverse way.

Fodder Step:
> Finally, a true hacker does not name himself/herself one, for this is
> a title that is bestowed by the befuddled sysadmins and users at large.
>To me, a sign of a truly great hacker is to be introduced to someone who
>says "Nahh, I just know a thing or two, people always exagerate..." :-)

>Filipe Santos (english is not my first language, so plse be forgetful of my mistakes!)
Like my mother always said, if you can't say something nice...
  or was that can't say something right?


					- kxh
-- 
This is the signature file what do you think

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39630
From: qwert@hardy.u.washington.edu (The QwertMeister)
Subject: POV/TGA

I'm having a slight problem with the POV raytracer.  I'm not sure if
this is the correct group to post to or not.  I create .tga files on
a unix machine using pov.  Then when i download them to display on my pc,
they're listed as bad files.  But when I create the file on my pc, it displays
fine.  Are unix .tga's incompatible with the pc?  An easy solution to this
problem would be a unix targa->gif converter.  Anyone know where I could
find one?  Any help on this subject is appreciated.  

- Kevin


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39631
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Tex texture map format?


I was at avalon today and found texture maps in some "tex" and "txc"
format, something I've never encountered before.  These are obviously
not tex or  LaTeX files.

IF you have a clue how I can convert these to something
reasonable, please let me know.

Brian

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39632
From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: gamma correction

In article <1t31meINNrc8@gap.caltech.edu>, madler@cco.caltech.edu (Mark Adler) writes:
> 
> Can someone who knows what they're talking about add a FAQ entry
> on gamma correction?  Thanks.

I get regular questions about gamma correction since I go to great pains to
deal with it properly in xli (the image loader program I maintain).

Here is an explanation I often use to answer these questions.

This might be suitable for inclusion in the FAQ.

	Graeme Gill.

###########################################################################
"A note on gamma correction and images"

Author: Graeme W. Gill
        graeme@labtam.oz.au

Date: 93/5/16


"What is all this gamma stuff anyway ?"
--------------------------------------

Although it would be nice to think that "an image is an image",
there are a lot of complications. Not only are there a whole bunch of
different image formats (gif, jpeg, tiff etc etc), there is a whole
lot of other technical stuff that makes dealing with images a bit
complicated. Gamma is one of those things. If you've ever downloaded
images from BBS or the net, you've probably noticed (with most image
viewing programs) that some images look ok, some look too dark, and some
look too light. "Why is this ?" you may ask. This, is gamma correction
(or the lack of it).

Why do we need gamma correction at all ?
--------------------------------------

Gamma correction is needed because of the nature of CRTs (cathode
ray tubes - the monitors usually used for viewing images). If you
have some sort of real live scene and turn it into a computer
image by measuring the amount of light coming from each point of
the scene, then you have created a "linear" or un-gamma-corrected
image. This is a good thing in many ways because you can manipulate
the image as if the values in the image file were light (ie. adding
and multiplying will work just like real light in the real world).
Now if you take the image file and turn each pixel value into a voltage
and feed it into a CRT, you find that the CRT _doesn't_ give you
an amount of light proportional to the voltage. The amount of light
coming from the phosphor in the screen depends on the the voltage
something like this:

Light_out = voltage ^ crt_gamma

So if you just dump your nice linear image out to a CRT, the image
will look much too dark. To fix this up you have to "gamma correct"
the image first. You need to do the opposite of what the CRT
will do to the image, so that things cancel out, and you get
what you want. So you have to do this to your image:

gamma_corrected_image = image ^ (1/crt_gamma)

For most CRTs, the crt_gamma is somewhere between 1.0 and 3.0.

If that is all it is, why does it seem so complicated ?
-----------------------------------------------------

The problem is that not all display programs do gamma correction.
Also not all sources of images give you linear images (Video cameras
or video signals in general). Because of this, a lot of images
already have some gamma correction done to them, and you are 
rarely sure how much. If you try and display one of those images
with a program that does gamma correction for you, the image gets
corrected twice and looks way to light. If you display one of those
images with a program that doesn't do gamma correction, then it will
look vaguely right, but not perfect, because the gamma correction is
not exactly right for you particular CRT.

Whose fault is all this ?
-----------------------

It is really three things. One is all those display programs
out there that don't do gamma correction properly. Another is
that most image formats don't specify a standard gamma, or
don't have some way or recording what their gamma correction is.
The third thing is that not many people understand what gamma
correction is all about, and create a lot of images with varying
gamma's.

At least two file formats do the right thing.
The Utah Graphics Toolkit .rle format has a semi-standard way of recording
the gamma of an image. The JFIF file standard (that uses JPEG compression)
specifies that the image to be encoded must have a gamma of 1.0 (ie. a
linear image - but not everyone obeys the rules).

Some image loaders (for instance xli - an X11 image utility)
allow you to specify not only the gamma of the monitor you
are using, but the individual gamma values of image you are trying to
view. Other image viewers (eg. xv another X11 image program) and
utilities (eg. the pbm toolkit) provide ways of changing the gamma
of an image, but you have to figure out the overall gamma correction
yourself, allowing for undoing any gamma correction the image has,
and then the gamma correction you need to suite your CRT monitor.

[ Note that xv 2.21 doesn't provide an easy way of modifying the
gamma of an image. You need to adjust the R, G and B curves to the
appropriate gamma in the ColEdit controls. Altering the Intensity
in the HSV controls doesn't do the right thing, as it fails to
take account of the effect gamma has on H and S. This tends
to give a tint to the image. ]

How can I figure out what my viewer does, or what gamma my screen has ?
---------------------------------------------------------------------

The simplest way to do that is to try loading the file chkgamma.jpg
(provided with xli distribution), which is a JFIF jpeg format file
containing two grayscale ramps. The ramps are chosen to look linear
to the human eye, one using continuous tones, and the other using
dithering.  If your viewer does the right thing and gamma corrects
images, then the two ramps should look symmetrical, and the point
at which they look equally bright should be almost exactly half
way from the top to the bottom. (To find this point it helps if
you move away a little from the screen, and de-focus your eyes a
bit.)

If your viewer doesn't do gamma correction, then left hand ramp will have
a long dark part and a short white part, and the point of equal brightness
will be above the center.

If your viewer does have a way of setting the right amount of gamma correction
for a display, then if the equal brightness point is above center increase the
gamma, and decrease it if it is below the center. The value will usually be
around 2.2 

[with xli for instance, you can adjust the display gamma with the
-dispgamma flag, and once you've got it right, you can set the DISPLAY_GAMMA
environment variable in your .profile]

How do I figure out what the gamma of an image is ?
-------------------------------------------------

This is the most tricky bit. As a general rule it seems that a lot of
true color (ie. 24 bit, .ppm .jpg) images have a gamma of
1.0 (linear), although there are many about that have some gamma
correction. It seems that the majority of pseudo color images
(ie. 8 bit images with color maps - .gif etc.) are gamma corrected
to some degree or other.

If your viewer does gamma correction then linear images will
look good, and gamma corrected images will look too light.

If your viewer doesn't do gamma correction, then linear images will
look too dark, and gamma corrected images will ok.

Why Linear images are sometimes not such a good thing
-----------------------------------------------------

One of the reason that many high quality formats (such as
Video) use gamma correction is that it actually makes better
use of the storage medium. This is because the human
eye has a logarithmic response to light, and gamma correction
has a similar compression characteristic. This means images 
could make better use of 8 bits per color (for instance),
if they used gamma correction. The implication though, is that
every time you want to do any image processing you should
convert the 8 bit image to 12 or so linear bits to retain
the same accuracy. Since little popular software does this, and
none of the popular image formats can agree on a standard
gamma correction factor, it is difficult to justify gamma corrected
images at the popular level.

If some image formats can standardize on a particular gamma,
and if image manipulation software takes care to use
extra precision when dealing with linearized internal data,
then gamma corrected distribution of images would be a good thing.

(I am told that the Kodak PhotoCD format for instance, has a
standard gamma correction factor that enables it to get the
highest quality out of the bits used to hold the image).

###########################################################################



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39633
From: D.J.Nettleton@newcastle.ac.uk (D J Nettleton)
Subject: HELP: A rectangle and parallelogram

I hope someone can help me with the following problem - I'm sure there
must be a known solution.

Given a rectangle defined by

-X <= x <= X  and -Y <= y <= Y  where X and Y are constant

and a parallelogram defined by

-C1 <= a*x + b*y <= C1  and -C2 <= c*x + d*y <= C2

where C1, C2, a, b, c, d are constants and b/a != d/c (i.e. not
parallel lines)                                ^^
                                          not equal to

what is the area of their intersection?

   What I'm after is some general algorithm suitable for ALL rectangles
and parallelograms that can be described by the above equations.  At the 
moment it looks like I'm going to have to look at all possible cases 
and examine each seperately e.g.

1) rectangle encloses parallelogram. 

2) parallelogram encloses rectangle.

3) two corners of parallelogram inside rectangle

                          ^
                         / \
                        /   \
                       /     \
           Y -------------------------------  Y
             |       /         \           |
             |       \          \          |
             |        \     .    \         |       . origin
             |         \          \        |
             |          \         /        |
          -Y ------------------------------- -Y
            -X            \     /           X
                           \   /
                            \ /
                             "

4) two corners of parallelogram outside rectangle

   I hope someone can help.

Many thanks in advance,

Dave Nettleton.

e-mail:  D.J.Nettleton@durham.ac.uk

PS can you please cc me any replies by e-mail.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39634
From: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca (Jim Powlesland)
Subject: Re: PICT, EPSF, etc map of Italy

In article <93132.025641CHUNTER@UMAB.BITNET> <CHUNTER@UMAB.BITNET> writes:
>Does anybody know where I can get a graphic (Mac PICT, EPSF, TIFF, GIF,
>whatever) of Italy?  I'm looking for a picture of a map of Italy (even just the

A map of Italy showing the states/provinces(?) is in the FreeHand
3.1 for Windows clip art collection. Corel Draw 3.0 clip art has
an outline map of Italy.




-- 
/  Jim Powlesland                   / INTERNET: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca
/  Academic Computing Services      / VOICE:    (403)220-7937
/  University of Calgary            / MESSAGE:  (403)220-6201
/  Calgary, Alberta CANADA  T2N 1N4 / FAX:      (403)282-9199

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39635
From: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca (Jim Powlesland)
Subject: comp.graphics FAQ


Is there a comp.graphics FAQ and if so, where?

-- 
/  Jim Powlesland                   / INTERNET: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca
/  Academic Computing Services      / VOICE:    (403)220-7937
/  University of Calgary            / MESSAGE:  (403)220-6201
/  Calgary, Alberta CANADA  T2N 1N4 / FAX:      (403)282-9199

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39636
From: engp2008@nusunix1.nus.sg (Leong Wai Ming)
Subject: Help : animation for pcx, gif files

Hi, I 've a series of images in sun raster formats. I've converted them
to PCX formats (I can do the conversion to others like gif as well). I
would like to know of any software that is able to do animation for
these formats, and to record the animation onto a video tape.

Thank you.


+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+

  Leong, Wai-Ming                         internet : engp2008@nusunix.nus.sg
  National University of Singapore          bitnet : engp2008@nusvm.nus.sg




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39637
From: beyer@alkymi.unit.no (Paal Beyer)
Subject: Re: Information on BMP files ?

In article <gnbich.17@med.uovs.ac.za>, gnbich@med.uovs.ac.za (Charles Herbst - Biofisika) writes:
|> 
|> Is there anybody who can help me with information on the BMP file format ?
|> Please mail directly to
|> 
|> 	gnbich@med.uovs.ac.za
|> 
|> Help will be appreciated
|> 
|> 
|> Charles Herbst
|> 
|> 
I have also been looking for this, but I have come up with nothing.
I have looked in ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu which is supposed to have a lot
of image-specs.

Email is preferred. If there is enough interest, I will post a 
summary.

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_/_/_/    _/_/_/    _/    _/_/_/  _/    _/ @lise.unit.no

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39638
From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: JPEG image compression: Frequently Asked Questions

Archive-name: jpeg-faq
Last-modified: 16 May 1993

This FAQ article discusses JPEG image compression.  Suggestions for
additions and clarifications are welcome.

New since version of 2 May 1993:
  * Added info on ImageViewer for NeXT.


This article includes the following sections:

[1]  What is JPEG?
[2]  Why use JPEG?
[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?
[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?
    [6A] "canned" software, viewers, etc.
    [6B] source code
[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
[8]  How does JPEG work?
[9]  What about lossless JPEG?
[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?
[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
[12]  What about arithmetic coding?
[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

Sections 1-6 are basic info that every JPEG user needs to know;
sections 7-14 are advanced info for the curious.

This article is posted every 2 weeks.  You can always find the latest version
in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu (18.70.0.226).  By FTP, fetch
/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq; or if you don't have FTP, send e-mail to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with body "send usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq".
Many other FAQ articles are also stored in this archive.  For more
instructions on use of the archive, send e-mail to the same address with the
words "help" and "index" (no quotes) on separate lines.  If you don't get a
reply, the server may be misreading your return address; add a line such as
"path myname@mysite" to specify your correct e-mail address to reply to.


----------


[1]  What is JPEG?

JPEG (pronounced "jay-peg") is a standardized image compression mechanism.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the
committee that wrote the standard.  JPEG is designed for compressing either
full-color or gray-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes.
It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line
drawings.

JPEG does not handle black-and-white (1-bit-per-pixel) images, nor does it
handle motion picture compression.  Standards for compressing those types
of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG
respectively.

JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in.  The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitations of the human eye, notably
the fact that small color details aren't perceived as well as small details
of light-and-dark.  Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images that will
be looked at by humans.  If you plan to machine-analyze your images, the
small errors introduced by JPEG may be a problem for you, even if they are
invisible to the eye.

A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by
adjusting compression parameters.  This means that the image maker can trade
off file size against output image quality.  You can make *extremely* small
files if you don't mind poor quality; this is useful for indexing image
archives, making thumbnail views or icons, etc. etc.  Conversely, if you
aren't happy with the output quality at the default compression setting, you
can jack up the quality until you are satisfied, and accept lesser compression.


[2]  Why use JPEG?

There are two good reasons: to make your image files smaller, and to store
24-bit-per-pixel color data instead of 8-bit-per-pixel data.

Making image files smaller is a big win for transmitting files across
networks and for archiving libraries of images.  Being able to compress a
2 Mbyte full-color file down to 100 Kbytes or so makes a big difference in
disk space and transmission time!  (If you are comparing GIF and JPEG, the
size ratio is more like four to one.  More details below.)

If your viewing software doesn't support JPEG directly, you'll have to
convert JPEG to some other format for viewing or manipulating images.  Even
with a JPEG-capable viewer, it takes longer to decode and view a JPEG image
than to view an image of a simpler format (GIF, for instance).  Thus, using
JPEG is essentially a time/space tradeoff: you give up some time in order to
store or transmit an image more cheaply.

It's worth noting that when network or phone transmission is involved, the
time savings from transferring a shorter file can be much greater than the
extra time to decompress the file.  I'll let you do the arithmetic yourself.

The other reason why JPEG will gradually replace GIF as a standard Usenet
posting format is that JPEG can store full color information: 24 bits/pixel
(16 million colors) instead of 8 or less (256 or fewer colors).  If you have
only 8-bit display hardware then this may not seem like much of an advantage
to you.  Within a couple of years, though, 8-bit GIF will look as obsolete as
black-and-white MacPaint format does today.  Furthermore, for reasons detailed
in section 7, JPEG is far more useful than GIF for exchanging images among
people with widely varying color display hardware.  Hence JPEG is considerably
more appropriate than GIF for use as a Usenet posting standard.


[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?

JPEG is *not* going to displace GIF entirely; for some types of images,
GIF is superior in image quality, file size, or both.  One of the first
things to learn about JPEG is which kinds of images to apply it to.

As a rule of thumb, JPEG is superior to GIF for storing full-color or
gray-scale images of "realistic" scenes; that means scanned photographs and
similar material.  JPEG is superior even if you don't have 24-bit display
hardware, and it is a LOT superior if you do.  (See section 7 for details.)

GIF does significantly better on images with only a few distinct colors,
such as cartoons and line drawings.  In particular, large areas of pixels
that are all *exactly* the same color are compressed very efficiently indeed
by GIF.  JPEG can't squeeze these files as much as GIF does without
introducing visible defects.  This sort of image is best kept in GIF form.
(In particular, single-color borders are quite cheap in GIF files, but they
should be avoided in JPEG files.)

JPEG also has a hard time with very sharp edges: a row of pure-black pixels
adjacent to a row of pure-white pixels, for example.  Sharp edges tend to
come out blurred unless you use a very high quality setting.  Again, this
sort of thing is not found in scanned photographs, but it shows up fairly
often in GIF files: borders, overlaid text, etc.  The blurriness is
particularly objectionable with text that's only a few pixels high.
If you have a GIF with a lot of small-size overlaid text, don't JPEG it.

Computer-drawn images (ray-traced scenes, for instance) usually fall between
scanned images and cartoons in terms of complexity.  The more complex and
subtly rendered the image, the more likely that JPEG will do well on it.
The same goes for semi-realistic artwork (fantasy drawings and such).

Plain black-and-white (two level) images should never be converted to JPEG.
You need at least about 16 gray levels before JPEG is useful for gray-scale
images.  It should also be noted that GIF is lossless for gray-scale images
of up to 256 levels, while JPEG is not.

If you have an existing library of GIF images, you may wonder whether you
should convert them to JPEG.  You will lose a little image quality if you do.
(Section 7, which argues that JPEG image quality is superior to GIF, only
applies if both formats start from a full-color original.  If you start from
a GIF, you've already irretrievably lost a great deal of information; JPEG
can only make things worse.)  However, the disk space savings may justify
converting anyway.  This is a decision you'll have to make for yourself.
If you do convert a GIF library to JPEG, see section 14 for hints.  Be
prepared to leave some images in GIF format, since some GIFs will not
convert well.


[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?

Pretty darn well.  Here are some sample file sizes for an image I have
handy, a 727x525 full-color image of a ship in a harbor.  The first three
files are for comparison purposes; the rest were created with the free JPEG
software described in section 6B.

File	   Size in bytes		Comments

ship.ppm	1145040  Original file in PPM format (no compression; 24 bits
			 or 3 bytes per pixel, plus a few bytes overhead)
ship.ppm.Z	 963829  PPM file passed through Unix compress
			 compress doesn't accomplish a lot, you'll note.
			 Other text-oriented compressors give similar results.
ship.gif	 240438  Converted to GIF with ppmquant -fs 256 | ppmtogif
			 Most of the savings is the result of losing color
			 info: GIF saves 8 bits/pixel, not 24.  (See sec. 7.)

ship.jpg95	 155622  cjpeg -Q 95    (highest useful quality setting)
			 This is indistinguishable from the 24-bit original,
			 at least to my nonprofessional eyeballs.
ship.jpg75	  58009  cjpeg -Q 75    (default setting)
			 You have to look mighty darn close to distinguish this
			 from the original, even with both on-screen at once.
ship.jpg50	  38406  cjpeg -Q 50
			 This has slight defects; if you know what to look
			 for, you could tell it's been JPEGed without seeing
			 the original.  Still as good image quality as many
			 recent postings in Usenet pictures groups.
ship.jpg25	  25192  cjpeg -Q 25
			 JPEG's characteristic "blockiness" becomes apparent
			 at this setting (djpeg -blocksmooth helps some).
			 Still, I've seen plenty of Usenet postings that were
			 of poorer image quality than this.
ship.jpg5o	   6587  cjpeg -Q 5 -optimize  (-optimize cuts table overhead)
			 Blocky, but perfectly satisfactory for preview or
			 indexing purposes.  Note that this file is TINY:
			 the compression ratio from the original is 173:1 !

In this case JPEG can make a file that's a factor of four or five smaller
than a GIF of comparable quality (the -Q 75 file is every bit as good as the
GIF, better if you have a full-color display).  This seems to be a typical
ratio for real-world scenes.


[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?

Most JPEG compressors let you pick a file size vs. image quality tradeoff by
selecting a quality setting.  There seems to be widespread confusion about
the meaning of these settings.  "Quality 95" does NOT mean "keep 95% of the
information", as some have claimed.  The quality scale is purely arbitrary;
it's not a percentage of anything.

The name of the game in using JPEG is to pick the lowest quality setting
(smallest file size) that decompresses into an image indistinguishable from
the original.  This setting will vary from one image to another and from one
observer to another, but here are some rules of thumb.

The default quality setting (-Q 75) is very often the best choice.  This
setting is about the lowest you can go without expecting to see defects in a
typical image.  Try -Q 75 first; if you see defects, then go up.  Except for
experimental purposes, never go above -Q 95; saying -Q 100 will produce a
file two or three times as large as -Q 95, but of hardly any better quality.

If the image was less than perfect quality to begin with, you might be able to
go down to -Q 50 without objectionable degradation.  On the other hand, you
might need to go to a HIGHER quality setting to avoid further degradation.
The second case seems to apply much of the time when converting GIFs to JPEG.
The default -Q 75 is about right for compressing 24-bit images, but -Q 85 to
95 is usually better for converting GIFs (see section 14 for more info).

If you want a very small file (say for preview or indexing purposes) and are
prepared to tolerate large defects, a -Q setting in the range of 5 to 10 is
about right.  -Q 2 or so may be amusing as "op art".

(Note: the quality settings discussed in this article apply to the free JPEG
software described in section 6B, and to many programs based on it.  Other
JPEG implementations, such as Image Alchemy, may use a completely different
quality scale.  Some programs don't even provide a numeric scale, just
"high"/"medium"/"low"-style choices.)


[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?

Most of the programs described in this section are available by FTP.
If you don't know how to use FTP, see the FAQ article "How to find sources".
(If you don't have direct access to FTP, read about ftpmail servers in the
same article.)  That article appears regularly in news.answers, or you can
get it by sending e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
"send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.  The "Anonymous FTP
List FAQ" may also be helpful --- it's usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq in
the news.answers archive.

NOTE: this list changes constantly.  If you have a copy more than a couple
months old, get the latest JPEG FAQ from the news.answers archive.


[6A]  If you are looking for "canned" software, viewers, etc:

The first part of this list is system-specific programs that only run on one
kind of system.  If you don't see what you want for your machine, check out
the portable JPEG software described at the end of the list.  Note that this
list concentrates on free and shareware programs that you can obtain over
Internet; but some commercial programs are listed too.

X Windows:

XV (shareware, $25) is an excellent viewer for JPEG, GIF, and many other
image formats.  It can also do format conversion and some simple image
manipulations.  It's available for FTP from export.lcs.mit.edu (18.24.0.12),
file contrib/xv-3.00.tar.Z.  Version 3.00 is a major upgrade with support
for 24-bit displays and many other improvements; however, it is brand new
and still has some bugs lurking.  If you prefer not to be on the bleeding
edge, stick with version 2.21, also available from export.  Note that
version 2.21 is not a good choice if you have a 24-bit display (you'll get
only 8-bit color), nor for converting 24-bit images to JPEG.  But 2.21 works
fine for converting GIF and other 8-bit images to JPEG.  CAUTION: there is a
glitch in version 2.21: be sure to check the "save at normal size" checkbox
when saving a JPEG file, or the file will be blurry.

Another good choice for X Windows is John Cristy's free ImageMagick package,
also available from export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.
This package handles many image processing and conversion tasks.  The
ImageMagick viewer handles 24-bit displays correctly; for colormapped
displays, it does better (though slower) color quantization than XV or the
basic free JPEG software.

Both of the above are large, complex packages.  If you just want a simple
image viewer, try xloadimage or xli.  xloadimage supports JPEG in its latest
release, 3.03.  xloadimage is free and available from export.lcs.mit.edu,
file contrib/xloadimage-3.03.tar.Z.  xli is a variant version of xloadimage,
said by its fans to be somewhat faster and more robust than the original.
(The current xli is indeed faster and more robust than the current
xloadimage, at least with respect to JPEG files, because it has the IJG v4
decoder while xloadimage 3.03 is using a hacked-over v1.  The next
xloadimage release will fix this.)  xli is also free and available from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/xli.1.14.tar.Z.  Both programs are said
to do the right thing with 24-bit displays.


MS-DOS:

This covers plain DOS; for Windows or OS/2 programs, see the next headings.

One good choice is Eric Praetzel's free DVPEG, which views JPEG and GIF files.
The current version, 2.5, is available by FTP from sunee.uwaterloo.ca
(129.97.50.50), file pub/jpeg/viewers/dvpeg25.zip.  This is a good basic
viewer that works on either 286 or 386/486 machines.  The user interface is
not flashy, but it's functional.

Another freeware JPEG/GIF/TGA viewer is Mohammad Rezaei's Hiview.  The
current version, 1.2, is available from Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
below), file msdos/graphics/hv12.zip.  Hiview requires a 386 or better CPU
and a VCPI-compatible memory manager (QEMM386 and 386MAX work; Windows and
OS/2 do not).  Hiview is currently the fastest viewer for images that are no
bigger than your screen.  For larger images, it scales the image down to fit
on the screen (rather than using panning/scrolling as most viewers do).
You may or may not prefer this approach, but there's no denying that it
slows down loading of large images considerably.  Note: installation is a
bit tricky; read the directions carefully!

A shareware alternative is ColorView for DOS ($30).  This is easier to
install than either of the two freeware alternatives.  Its user interface is
also much spiffier-looking, although personally I find it harder to use ---
more keystrokes, inconsistent behavior.  It is faster than DVPEG but a
little slower than Hiview, at least on my hardware.  (For images larger than
screen size, DVPEG and ColorView seem to be about the same speed, and both
are faster than Hiview.)  The current version is 2.1, available from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/dcview21.zip.
Requires a VESA graphics driver; if you don't have one, look in vesadrv2.zip
or vesa-tsr.zip from the same directory.  (Many recent PCs have a built-in
VESA driver, so don't try to load a VESA driver unless ColorView complains
that the driver is missing.)

A second shareware alternative is Fullview, which has been kicking around
the net for a while, but I don't know any stable archive location for it.
The current (rather old) version is inferior to the above viewers anyway.
The author tells me that a new version of Fullview will be out shortly
and it will be submitted to the Simtel20 archives at that time.

The well-known GIF viewer CompuShow (CSHOW) supports JPEG in its latest
revision, 8.60a.  However, CSHOW's JPEG implementation isn't very good:
it's slow (about half the speed of the above viewers) and image quality is
poor except on hi-color displays.  Too bad ... it'd have been nice to see a
good JPEG capability in CSHOW.  Shareware, $25.  Available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/gif/cshw860a.zip.

Due to the remarkable variety of PC graphics hardware, any one of these
viewers might not work on your particular machine.  If you can't get *any*
of them to work, you'll need to use one of the following conversion programs
to convert JPEG to GIF, then view with your favorite GIF viewer.  (If you
have hi-color hardware, don't use GIF as the intermediate format; try to
find a TARGA-capable viewer instead.  VPIC5.0 is reputed to do the right
thing with hi-color displays.)

The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG converters are FTPable from Simtel20
and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/jpeg4.zip (or
jpeg4386.zip if you have a 386 and extended memory).  These files are DOS
compilations of the free source code described in section 6B; they will
convert JPEG to and from GIF, Targa, and PPM formats.

Handmade Software offers free JPEG<=>GIF conversion tools, GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF.
These are slow and are limited to conversion to and from GIF format; in
particular, you can't get 24-bit color output from a JPEG.  The major
advantage of these tools is that they will read and write HSI's proprietary
JPEG format as well as the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Since HSI-format
files are rather widespread on BBSes, this is a useful capability.  Version
2.0 of these tools is free (prior versions were shareware).  Get it from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/gif2jpg2.zip.
NOTE: do not use HSI format for files to be posted on Internet, since it is
not readable on non-PC platforms.

Handmade Software also has a shareware image conversion and manipulation
package, Image Alchemy.  This will translate JPEG files (both JFIF and HSI
formats) to and from many other image formats.  It can also display images.
A demo version of Image Alchemy version 1.6.2 is available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/alch162.zip.

NOTE ABOUT SIMTEL20: The Internet's key archive site for PC-related programs
is Simtel20, full name wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (192.88.110.20).  Simtel20
runs a non-Unix system with weird directory names; where this document
refers to directory (eg) "msdos/graphics" at Simtel20, that really means
"pd1:<msdos.graphics>".  If you are not physically on MILnet, you should
expect rather slow FTP transfer rates from Simtel20.  There are several
Internet sites that maintain copies (mirrors) of the Simtel20 archives;
most FTP users should go to one of the mirror sites instead.  A popular USA
mirror site is oak.oakland.edu (141.210.10.117), which keeps Simtel20 files
in (eg) "/pub/msdos/graphics".  If you have no FTP capability, you can
retrieve files from Simtel20 by e-mail; see informational postings in
comp.archives.msdos.announce to find out how.  If you are outside the USA,
consult the same newsgroup to learn where your nearest Simtel20 mirror is.

Microsoft Windows:

There are several Windows programs capable of displaying JPEG images.
(Windows viewers are generally slower than DOS viewers on the same hardware,
due to Windows' system overhead.  Note that you can run the DOS conversion
programs described above inside a Windows DOS window.)

The newest entry is WinECJ, which is free and EXTREMELY fast.  Version 1.0
is available from ftp.rahul.net, file /pub/bryanw/pc/jpeg/wecj.zip.
Requires Windows 3.1 and 256-or-more-colors mode.  This is a no-frills
viewer with the bad habit of hogging the machine completely while it
decodes; and the image quality is noticeably worse than other viewers.
But it's so fast you'll use it anyway, at least for previewing...

JView is freeware, fairly fast, has good on-line help, and can write out the
decompressed image in Windows BMP format; but it can't create new JPEG
files, and it doesn't view GIFs.  JView also lacks some other useful
features of the shareware viewers (such as brightness adjustment), but it's
an excellent basic viewer.  The current version, 0.9, is available from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84), file pub/pc/win3/desktop/jview090.zip.
(Mirrors of this archive can be found at some other Internet sites,
including wuarchive.wustl.edu.)

WinJPEG (shareware, $20) displays JPEG,GIF,Targa,TIFF, and BMP image files;
it can write all of these formats too, so it can be used as a converter.
It has some other nifty features including color-balance adjustment and
slideshow.  The current version is 2.1, available from Simtel20 and mirror
sites (see NOTE above), file msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip.  (This is a slow
286-compatible version; if you register, you'll get the 386-only version,
which is roughly 25% faster.)

ColorView is another shareware entry ($30).  This was an early and promising
contender, but it has not been updated in some time, and at this point it
has no real advantages over WinJPEG.  If you want to try it anyway, the
current version is 0.97, available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, file
pub/pc/win3/desktop/cview097.zip.  (I understand that a new version will
be appearing once the authors are finished with ColorView for DOS.)

DVPEG (see DOS heading) also works under Windows, but only in full-screen
mode, not in a window.

OS/2:

The following files are available from hobbes.nmsu.edu (128.123.35.151).
Note: check /pub/uploads for more recent versions --- the hobbes moderator
is not very fast about moving uploads into their permanent directories.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/jpegv4.zip
    32-bit version of free IJG conversion programs, version 4.
/pub/os2/all/graphics/jpeg4-16.zip
    16-bit version of same, for OS/2 1.x.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/imgarc12.zip
    Image Archiver 1.02: image conversion/viewing with PM graphical interface.
    Strong on conversion functions, viewing is a bit weaker.  Shareware, $15.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmjpeg11.zip
    PMJPEG 1.1: OS/2 2.x port of WinJPEG, a popular viewer for Windows
    (see description in Windows section).  Shareware, $20.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmview85.zip
    PMView 0.85: JPEG/GIF/BMP/Targa/PCX viewer.  GIF viewing very fast,
    JPEG viewing roughly the same speed as the above two programs.  Has
    image manipulation & slideshow functions.  Shareware, $20.

Macintosh:

Most Mac JPEG programs rely on Apple's JPEG implementation, which is part of
the QuickTime system extension; so you need to have QuickTime installed.
To use QuickTime, you need a 68020 or better CPU and you need to be running
System 6.0.7 or later.  (If you're running System 6, you must also install
the 32-bit QuickDraw extension; this is built-in on System 7.)  You can get
QuickTime by FTP from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/quicktime.hqx.
(As of 11/92, this file contains QuickTime 1.5, which is better than QT 1.0
in several ways.  With respect to JPEG, it is marginally faster and
considerably less prone to crash when fed a corrupt JPEG file.  However,
some applications seem to have compatibility problems with QT 1.5.)

Mac users should keep in mind that QuickTime's JPEG format, PICT/JPEG, is
not the same as the Usenet-standard JFIF JPEG format.  (See section 10 for
details.)  If you post images on Usenet, make sure they are in JFIF format.
Most of the programs mentioned below can generate either format.

The first choice is probably JPEGView, a free program for viewing images
that are in JFIF format, PICT/JPEG format, or GIF format.  It also can
convert between the two JPEG formats.  The current version, 2.0, is a big
improvement over prior versions.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
(36.44.0.6), file /info-mac/app/jpeg-view-20.hqx.  Requires System 7 and
QuickTime.  On 8-bit displays, JPEGView usually produces the best color
image quality of all the currently available Mac JPEG viewers.  JPEGView can
view large images in much less memory than other Mac viewers; in fact, it's
the only one that can deal with JPEG images much over 640x480 pixels on a
typical 4MB Mac.  Given a large image, JPEGView automatically scales it down
to fit on the screen, rather than presenting scroll bars like most other
viewers.  (You can zoom in on any desired portion, though.)  Some people
like this behavior, some don't.  Overall, JPEGView's user interface is very
well thought out.

GIFConverter, a shareware ($40) image viewer/converter, supports JFIF and
PICT/JPEG, as well as GIF and several other image formats.  The latest
version is 2.3.2.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/art/gif/gif-converter-232.hqx.  Requires System 6.0.5 or later.
GIFConverter is not better than JPEGView as a plain JPEG/GIF viewer, but
it has much more extensive image manipulation and format conversion
capabilities, so you may find it worth its shareware fee if you do a lot of
playing around with images.  Also, the newest version of GIFConverter can
load and save JFIF images *without* QuickTime, so it is your best bet if
your machine is too old to run QuickTime.  (But it's faster with QuickTime.)
Note: If GIFConverter runs out of memory trying to load a large JPEG, try
converting the file to GIF with JPEG Convert, then viewing the GIF version.

JPEG Convert, a Mac version of the free IJG JPEG conversion utilities, is
available from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file /info-mac/app/jpeg-convert-10.hqx.
This will run on any Mac, but it only does file conversion, not viewing.
You can use it in conjunction with any GIF viewer.

Previous versions of this FAQ recommended Imagery JPEG v0.6, a JPEG<=>GIF
converter based on an old version of the IJG code.  If you are using this
program, you definitely should replace it with JPEG Convert.

Apple's free program PictPixie can view images in JFIF, QuickTime JPEG, and
GIF format, and can convert between these formats.  You can get PictPixie
from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/qt.1.0.stuff/pictpixie.hqx.
Requires QuickTime.  PictPixie was intended as a developer's tool, and it's
really not the best choice unless you like to fool around with QuickTime.
Some of its drawbacks are that it requires lots of memory, it produces
relatively poor color image quality on anything less than a 24-bit display,
and it has a relatively unfriendly user interface.  Worse, PictPixie is an
unsupported program, meaning it has some minor bugs that Apple does not
intend to fix.  (There is an old version of PictPixie, called
PICTCompressor, floating around the net.  If you have this you should trash
it, as it's even buggier.  Also, the QuickTime Starter Kit includes a much
cleaned-up descendant of PictPixie called Picture Compressor.  Note that
Picture Compressor is NOT free and may not be distributed on the net.)

Storm Technology's Picture Decompress is a free JPEG viewer/converter.
This rather old program is inferior to the above programs in many ways, but
it will run without System 7 or QuickTime, so you may be forced to use it on
older systems.  (It does need 32-bit QuickDraw, so really old machines can't
use it.)  You can get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/app/picture-decompress-201.hqx.  You must set the file type of a
downloaded image file to 'JPEG' to allow Picture Decompress to open it.

If your machine is too old to run 32-bit QuickDraw (a Mac Plus for instance),
GIFConverter is your only choice for single-program JPEG viewing.  If you
don't want to pay for GIFConverter, use JPEG Convert and a free GIF viewer.

More and more commercial Mac applications are supporting JPEG, although not
all can deal with the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Adobe Photoshop, version
2.0.1 or later, can read and write JFIF-format JPEG files (use the JPEG
plug-in from the Acquire menu).  You must set the file type of a downloaded
JPEG file to 'JPEG' to allow Photoshop to recognize it.

Amiga:

(Most programs listed in this section are stored in the AmiNet archive at
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (130.60.80.80).  There are many mirror sites of this
archive and you should try to use the closest one.  In the USA, a good
choice is wuarchive.wustl.edu; look under /mirrors/amiga.physik.unizh.ch/...)

HamLab Plus is an excellent JPEG viewer/converter, as well as being a
general image manipulation tool.  It's cheap (shareware, $20) and can read
several formats besides JPEG.  The current version is 2.0.8.  A demo version
is available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/edit/hamlab208d.lha.  The demo version will crop images larger
than 512x512, but it is otherwise fully functional.

Rend24 (shareware, $30) is an image renderer that can display JPEG, ILBM,
and GIF images.  The program can be used to create animations, even
capturing frames on-the-fly from rendering packages like Lightwave.  The
current version is 1.05, available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror
sites), file amiga/os30/gfx/rend105.lha.  (Note: although this directory is
supposedly for AmigaDOS 3.0 programs, the program will also run under
AmigaDOS 1.3, 2.04 or 2.1.)

Viewtek is a free JPEG/ILBM/GIF/ANIM viewer.  The current version is 1.04,
available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/show/ViewTek104.lha.

If you're willing to spend real money, there are several commercial packages
that support JPEG.  Two are written by Thomas Krehbiel, the author of Rend24
and Viewtek.  These are CineMorph, a standalone image morphing package, and
ImageFX, an impressive 24-bit image capture, conversion, editing, painting,
effects and prepress package that also includes CineMorph.  Both are
distributed by Great Valley Products.  Art Department Professional (ADPro),
from ASDG Inc, is the most widely used commercial image manipulation
software for Amigas.  ImageMaster, from Black Belt Systems, is another
well-regarded commercial graphics package with JPEG support.

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Amigas from
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites) in directory amiga/gfx/conv, file
AmigaJPEGV4.lha.  These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM,GIF,Targa formats.

The Amiga world is heavily infested with quick-and-dirty JPEG programs, many
based on an ancient beta-test version of the free IJG JPEG software (thanks
to a certain magazine that published same on its disk-of-the-month, without
so much as notifying the authors).  Among these are "AugJPEG", "NewAmyJPEG",
"VJPEG", and probably others I have not even heard of.  In my opinion,
anything older than IJG version 3 (March 1992) is not worth the disk space
it's stored on; if you have such a program, trash it and get something newer.

Atari ST:

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Atari ST, TT, etc,
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/jpeg4bin.zoo.
These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM, GIF, Targa formats.

For monochrome ST monitors, try MGIF, which manages to achieve four-level
grayscale effect by flickering.  Version 4.1 reads JPEG files.  Available
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/mgif41b.zoo.

I have not heard of any other free or shareware JPEG-capable viewers for
Ataris, but surely there must be some by now?  Pointers appreciated.

Acorn Archimedes:

!ChangeFSI, supplied with RISC OS 3 version 3.10, can convert from and view
JPEG JFIF format.  Provision is also made to convert images to JPEG,
although this must be done from the CLI rather than by double-clicking.

Recent versions (since 7.11) of the shareware program Translator can handle
JPEG, along with about 30 other image formats.  While older versions can be
found on some Archimedes bboards, the current version is only available by
registering with the author, John Kortink, Nutterbrink 31, 7544 WJ, Enschede,
The Netherlands.  Price 35 Dutch guilders (about $22 or 10 pounds).

There's also a commercial product called !JPEG which provides JPEG read/write
functionality and direct JPEG viewing, as well as a host of other image
format conversion and processing options.  This is more expensive but not
necessarily better than the above programs.  Contact: DT Software, FREEPOST,
Cambridge, UK.  Tel: 0223 841099.

NeXT:

ImageViewer is a PD utility that displays images and can do some format
conversions.  The current version reads JPEG but does not write it.
ImageViewer is available from the standard NeXT archives at
sonata.cc.purdue.edu and cs.orst.edu, somewhere in /pub/next (both are
currently being re-organized, so it's hard to point to specific
sub-directories).  Note that there is an older version floating around that
does not support JPEG.


Portable software for almost any system:

If none of the above fits your situation, you can obtain and compile the free
JPEG conversion software described in 6B.  You'll also need a viewer program.
If your display is 8 bits or less, any GIF viewer will do fine; if you have a
display with more color capability, try to find a viewer that can read Targa
or PPM 24-bit image files.

There are numerous commercial JPEG offerings, with more popping up every
day.  I recommend that you not spend money on one of these unless you find
the available free or shareware software vastly too slow.  In that case,
purchase a hardware-assisted product.  Ask pointed questions about whether
the product complies with the final JPEG standard and about whether it can
handle the JFIF file format; many of the earliest commercial releases are
not and never will be compatible with anyone else's files.


[6B]  If you are looking for source code to work with:

Free, portable C code for JPEG compression is available from the Independent
JPEG Group, which I lead.  A package containing our source code,
documentation, and some small test files is available from several places.
The "official" archive site for this source code is ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9
or 192.48.96.9).  Look under directory /graphics/jpeg; the current release
is jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z.  (This is a compressed TAR file; don't forget to
retrieve in binary mode.)  You can retrieve this file by FTP or UUCP.
If you are on a PC and don't know how to cope with .tar.Z format, you may
prefer ZIP format, which you can find at Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
above), file msdos/graphics/jpegsrc4.zip.  This file will also be available on
CompuServe, in the GRAPHSUPPORT forum (GO PICS), library 15, as jpsrc4.zip.
If you have no FTP access, you can retrieve the source from your nearest
comp.sources.misc archive; version 4 appeared as issues 55-72 of volume 34.
(If you don't know how to retrieve comp.sources.misc postings, see the FAQ
article "How to find sources", referred to at the top of section 6.)

The free JPEG code provides conversion between JPEG "JFIF" format and image
files in GIF, PBMPLUS PPM/PGM, Utah RLE, and Truevision Targa file formats.
The core compression and decompression modules can easily be reused in other
programs, such as image viewers.  The package is highly portable; we have
tested it on many machines ranging from PCs to Crays.

We have released this software for both noncommercial and commercial use.
Companies are welcome to use it as the basis for JPEG-related products.
We do not ask a royalty, although we do ask for an acknowledgement in
product literature (see the README file in the distribution for details).
We hope to make this software industrial-quality --- although, as with
anything that's free, we offer no warranty and accept no liability.

The Independent JPEG Group is a volunteer organization; if you'd like to
contribute to improving our software, you are welcome to join.


[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?

Most people don't have full-color (24 bit per pixel) display hardware.
Typical display hardware stores 8 or fewer bits per pixel, so it can display
256 or fewer distinct colors at a time.  To display a full-color image, the
computer must map the image into an appropriate set of representative
colors.  This process is called "color quantization".  (This is something
of a misnomer, "color selection" would be a better term.  We're stuck with
the standard usage though.)

Clearly, color quantization is a lossy process.  It turns out that for most
images, the details of the color quantization algorithm have MUCH more impact
on the final image quality than do any errors introduced by JPEG (except at
the very lowest JPEG quality settings).

Since JPEG is a full-color format, converting a color JPEG image for display
on 8-bit-or-less hardware requires color quantization.  This is true for
*all* color JPEGs: even if you feed a 256-or-less-color GIF into JPEG, what
comes out of the decompressor is *not* 256 colors, but thousands of colors.
This happens because JPEG's lossiness affects each pixel a little
differently, so two pixels that started with identical colors will probably
come out with slightly different colors.  Each original color gets "smeared"
into a group of nearby colors.  Therefore quantization is always required to
display a color JPEG on a colormapped display, regardless of the image
source.  The only way to avoid quantization is to ask for gray-scale output.

(Incidentally, because of this effect it's nearly meaningless to talk about
the number of colors used by a JPEG image.  Even if you attempted to count
the number of distinct pixel values, different JPEG decoders would give you
different results because of roundoff error differences.  I occasionally see
posted images described as "256-color JPEG".  This tells me that the poster
(a) hasn't read this FAQ and (b) probably converted the JPEG from a GIF.
JPEGs can be classified as color or gray-scale (just like photographs), but
number of colors just isn't a useful concept for JPEG.)

On the other hand, a GIF image by definition has already been quantized to
256 or fewer colors.  (A GIF *does* have a definite number of colors in its
palette, and the format doesn't allow more than 256 palette entries.)
For purposes of Usenet picture distribution, GIF has the advantage that the
sender precomputes the color quantization, so recipients don't have to.
This is also the *disadvantage* of GIF: you're stuck with the sender's
quantization.  If the sender quantized to a different number of colors than
what you can display, you have to re-quantize, resulting in much poorer
image quality than if you had quantized once from a full-color image.
Furthermore, if the sender didn't use a high-quality color quantization
algorithm, you're out of luck.

For this reason, JPEG offers the promise of significantly better image quality
for all users whose machines don't match the sender's display hardware.
JPEG's full color image can be quantized to precisely match the user's display
hardware.  Furthermore, you will be able to take advantage of future
improvements in quantization algorithms (there is a lot of active research in
this area), or purchase better display hardware, to get a better view of JPEG
images you already have.  With a GIF, you're stuck forevermore with what was
sent.

It's also worth mentioning that many GIF-viewing programs include rather
shoddy quantization routines.  If you view a 256-color GIF on a 16-color EGA
display, for example, you are probably getting a much worse image than you
need to.  This is partly an inevitable consequence of doing two color
quantizations (one to create the GIF, one to display it), but often it's
also due to sloppiness.  JPEG conversion programs will be forced to use
high quality quantizers in order to get acceptable results at all, and in
normal use they will quantize directly to the number of colors to be
displayed.  Thus, JPEG is likely to provide better results than the average
GIF program for low-color-resolution displays as well as high-resolution ones!

Finally, an ever-growing number of people have better-than-8-bit display
hardware already: 15-bit "hi-color" PC displays, true 24-bit displays on
workstations and Macintoshes, etc.  For these people, GIF is already
obsolete, as it cannot represent an image to the full capabilities of their
display.  JPEG images can drive these displays much more effectively.
Thus, JPEG is an all-around better choice than GIF for representing images
in a machine-independent fashion.


[8]  How does JPEG work?

The buzz-words to know are chrominance subsampling, discrete cosine
transforms, coefficient quantization, and Huffman or arithmetic entropy
coding.  This article's long enough already, so I'm not going to say more
than that here.  For technical information, see the comp.compression FAQ.
This is available from the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu, in files
/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq/part[1-3].  If you need help in
using the news.answers archive, see the top of this article.


[9]  What about lossless JPEG?

There's a great deal of confusion on this subject.  The JPEG committee did
define a truly lossless compression algorithm, i.e., one that guarantees the
final output is bit-for-bit identical to the original input.  However, this
lossless mode has almost nothing in common with the regular, lossy JPEG
algorithm, and it offers much less compression.  At present, very few
implementations of lossless JPEG exist, and all of them are commercial.

Saying "-Q 100" to the free JPEG software DOES NOT get you a lossless image.
What it does get rid of is deliberate information loss in the coefficient
quantization step.  There is still a good deal of information loss in the
color subsampling step.  (With the V4 free JPEG code, you can also say
"-sample 1x1" to turn off subsampling.  Keep in mind that many commercial
JPEG implementations cannot cope with the resulting file.)

Even with both quantization and subsampling turned off, the regular JPEG
algorithm is not lossless, because it is subject to roundoff errors in
various calculations.  The maximum error is a few counts in any one pixel
value; it's highly unlikely that this could be perceived by the human eye,
but it might be a concern if you are doing machine processing of an image.

At this minimum-loss setting, regular JPEG produces files that are perhaps
half the size of an uncompressed 24-bit-per-pixel image.  True lossless JPEG
provides roughly the same amount of compression, but it guarantees
bit-for-bit accuracy.

If you have an application requiring lossless storage of images with less
than 6 bits per pixel (per color component), you may want to look into the
JBIG bilevel image compression standard.  This performs better than JPEG
lossless on such images.  JPEG lossless is superior to JBIG on images with
6 or more bits per pixel; furthermore, JPEG is public domain (at least with a
Huffman back end), while the JBIG techniques are heavily covered by patents.


[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?

Strictly speaking, JPEG refers only to a family of compression algorithms;
it does *not* refer to a specific image file format.  The JPEG committee was
prevented from defining a file format by turf wars within the international
standards organizations.

Since we can't actually exchange images with anyone else unless we agree on
a common file format, this leaves us with a problem.  In the absence of
official standards, a number of JPEG program writers have just gone off to
"do their own thing", and as a result their programs aren't compatible with
anybody else's.

The closest thing we have to a de-facto standard JPEG format is some work
that's been coordinated by people at C-Cube Microsystems.  They have defined
two JPEG-based file formats:
  * JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), a "low-end" format that transports
    pixels and not much else.
  * TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, an extension of the Aldus TIFF format.  TIFF is
    a "high-end" format that will let you record just about everything you
    ever wanted to know about an image, and a lot more besides :-).  TIFF is
    a lot more complex than JFIF, and may well prove less transportable,
    because different vendors have historically implemented slightly different
    and incompatible subsets of TIFF.  It's not likely that adding JPEG to the
    mix will do anything to improve this situation.
Both of these formats were developed with input from all the major vendors
of JPEG-related products; it's reasonably likely that future commercial
products will adhere to one or both standards.

I believe that Usenet should adopt JFIF as the replacement for GIF in
picture postings.  JFIF is simpler than TIFF and is available now; the
TIFF 6.0 spec has only recently been officially adopted, and it is still
unusably vague on some crucial details.  Even when TIFF/JPEG is well
defined, the JFIF format is likely to be a widely supported "lowest common
denominator"; TIFF/JPEG files may never be as transportable.

A particular case that people may be interested in is Apple's QuickTime
software for the Macintosh.  QuickTime uses a JFIF-compatible format wrapped
inside the Mac-specific PICT structure.  Conversion between JFIF and
QuickTime JPEG is pretty straightforward, and several Mac programs are
available to do it (see Mac portion of section 6A).  If you have an editor
that handles binary files, you can strip a QuickTime JPEG PICT down to JFIF
by hand; see section 11 for details.

Another particular case is Handmade Software's programs (GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF and
Image Alchemy).  These programs are capable of reading and writing JFIF
format.  By default, though, they write a proprietary format developed by
HSI.  This format is NOT readable by any non-HSI programs and should not be
used for Usenet postings.  Use the -j switch to get JFIF output.  (This
applies to old versions of these programs; the current releases emit JFIF
format by default.  You still should be careful not to post HSI-format
files, unless you want to get flamed by people on non-PC platforms.)


[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?

If you have an alleged JPEG file that your software won't read, it's likely
to be HSI format or some other proprietary JPEG-based format.  You can tell
what you have by inspecting the first few bytes of the file:

1.  A JFIF-standard file will start with the characters (hex) FF D8 FF E0,
    followed by two variable bytes (often hex 00 10), followed by 'JFIF'.

2.  If you see FF D8 at the start, but not the rest of it, you may have a
    "raw JPEG" file.  This is probably decodable as-is by JFIF software ---
    it's worth a try, anyway.

3.  HSI files start with 'hsi1'.  You're out of luck unless you have HSI
    software.  Portions of the file may look like plain JPEG data, but they
    won't decompress properly with non-HSI programs.

4.  A Macintosh PICT file, if JPEG-compressed, will have a couple hundred
    bytes of header followed by a JFIF header (scan for 'JFIF').  Strip off
    everything before the FF D8 and you should be able to read it.

5.  Anything else: it's a proprietary format, or not JPEG at all.  If you are
    lucky, the file may consist of a header and a raw JPEG data stream.
    If you can identify the start of the JPEG data stream (look for FF D8),
    try stripping off everything before that.

In uuencoded Usenet postings, the characteristic JFIF pattern is

	"begin" line
	M_]C_X ...

whereas uuencoded HSI files will start with

	"begin" line
	M:'-I ...

If you learn to check for the former, you can save yourself the trouble of
downloading non-JFIF files.


[12]  What about arithmetic coding?

The JPEG spec defines two different "back end" modules for the final output
of compressed data: either Huffman coding or arithmetic coding is allowed.
The choice has no impact on image quality, but arithmetic coding usually
produces a smaller compressed file.  On typical images, arithmetic coding
produces a file 5 or 10 percent smaller than Huffman coding.  (All the
file-size numbers previously cited are for Huffman coding.)

Unfortunately, the particular variant of arithmetic coding specified by the
JPEG standard is subject to patents owned by IBM, AT&T, and Mitsubishi.
Thus *you cannot legally use arithmetic coding* unless you obtain licenses
from these companies.  (The "fair use" doctrine allows people to implement
and test the algorithm, but actually storing any images with it is dubious
at best.)

At least in the short run, I recommend that people not worry about
arithmetic coding; the space savings isn't great enough to justify the
potential legal hassles.  In particular, arithmetic coding *should not*
be used for any images to be exchanged on Usenet.

There is some small chance that the legal situation may change in the
future.  Stay tuned for further details.


[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?

It would be nice if, having compressed an image with JPEG, you could
decompress it, manipulate it (crop off a border, say), and recompress it
without any further image degradation beyond what you lost initially.
Unfortunately THIS IS NOT THE CASE.  In general, recompressing an altered
image loses more information, though usually not as much as was lost the
first time around.

The next best thing would be that if you decompress an image and recompress
it *without changing it* then there is no further loss, i.e., you get an
identical JPEG file.  Even this is not true; at least, not with the current
free JPEG software.  It's essentially a problem of accumulation of roundoff
error.  If you repeatedly compress and decompress, the image will eventually
degrade to where you can see visible changes from the first-generation
output.  (It usually takes many such cycles to get visible change.)
One of the things on our to-do list is to see if accumulation of error can
be avoided or limited, but I am not optimistic about it.

In any case, the most that could possibly be guaranteed would be that
compressing the unmodified full-color output of djpeg, at the original
quality setting, would introduce no further loss.  Even such simple changes
as cropping off a border could cause further roundoff-error degradation.
(If you're wondering why, it's because the pixel-block boundaries move.
If you cropped off only multiples of 16 pixels, you might be safe, but
that's a mighty limited capability!)

The bottom line is that JPEG is a useful format for archival storage and
transmission of images, but you don't want to use it as an intermediate
format for sequences of image manipulation steps.  Use a lossless format
(PPM, RLE, TIFF, etc) while working on the image, then JPEG it when you are
ready to file it away.  Aside from avoiding degradation, you will save a lot
of compression/decompression time this way :-).


[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

As stated earlier, you *will* lose some amount of image information if you
convert an existing GIF image to JPEG.  If you can obtain the original
full-color data the GIF was made from, it's far better to make a JPEG from
that.  But if you need to save space and have only the GIF to work from,
here are some suggestions for getting maximum space savings with minimum
loss of quality.

The first rule when converting a GIF library is to look at each JPEG, to
make sure you are happy with it, before throwing away the corresponding GIF;
that will give you a chance to re-do the conversion with a higher quality
setting if necessary.  Some GIFs may be better left as GIFs, as explained in
section 3; in particular, cartoon-type GIFs with sixteen or fewer colors
don't convert well.  You may find that a JPEG file of reasonable quality
will be *larger* than the GIF.  (So check the sizes too.)

Experience to date suggests that large, high-visual-quality GIFs are the best
candidates for conversion to JPEG.  They chew up the most storage so offer
the most potential savings, and they convert to JPEG with least degradation.
Don't waste your time converting any GIF much under 100 Kbytes.  Also, don't
expect JPEG files converted from GIFs to be as small as those created
directly from full-color originals.  To maintain image quality you may have
to let the converted files be as much as twice as big as straight-through
JPEG files would be (i.e., shoot for 1/2 or 1/3rd the size of the GIF file,
not 1/4th as suggested in earlier comparisons).

Many people have developed an odd habit of putting a large constant-color
border around a GIF image.  While useless, this was nearly free in terms of
storage cost in GIF files.  It is NOT free in JPEG files, and the sharp
border boundary can create visible artifacts ("ghost" edges).  Do yourself
a favor and crop off any border before JPEGing.  (If you are on an X Windows
system, XV's manual and automatic cropping functions are a very painless
way to do this.)

cjpeg's default Q setting of 75 is appropriate for full-color input, but
for GIF inputs, Q settings of 85 to 95 often seem to be necessary to avoid
image degradation.  (If you apply smoothing as suggested below, the higher
Q setting may not be necessary.)

Color GIFs of photographs or complex artwork are usually "dithered" to fool
your eye into seeing more than the 256 colors that GIF can actually store.
If you enlarge the image, you will see that adjacent pixels are often of
significantly different colors; at normal size the eye averages these pixels
together to produce the illusion of an intermediate color value.  The
trouble with dithering is that, to JPEG, it looks like high-spatial-frequency
color noise; and JPEG can't compress noise very well.  The resulting JPEG
file is both larger and of lower image quality than what you would have
gotten from JPEGing the original full color image (if you had it).
To get around this, you want to "smooth" the GIF image before compression.
Smoothing averages together nearby pixels, thus approximating the color that
you thought you saw anyway, and in the process getting rid of the rapid
color changes that give JPEG trouble.  Appropriate use of smoothing will
often let you avoid using a high Q factor, thus further reducing the size of
the compressed file, while still obtaining a better-looking output image
than you'd get without smoothing.

With the V4 free JPEG software (or products based on it), a simple smoothing
capability is built in.  Try "-smooth 10" or so when converting GIFs.
Values of 10 to 25 seem to work well for high-quality GIFs.  Heavy-handed
dithering may require larger smoothing factors.  (If you can see regular
fine-scale patterns on the GIF image even without enlargement, then strong
smoothing is definitely called for.)  Too large a smoothing factor will blur
the output image, which you don't want.  If you are an image processing
wizard, you can also do smoothing with a separate filtering program, such as
pnmconvol from the PBMPLUS package.  However, cjpeg's built-in smoother is
a LOT faster than pnmconvol...

The upshot of all this is that "cjpeg -quality 85 -smooth 10" is probably a
good starting point for converting GIFs.  But if you really care about the
image, you'll want to check the results and maybe try a few other settings.


---------------------

For more information about JPEG in general or the free JPEG software in
particular, contact the Independent JPEG Group at jpeg-info@uunet.uu.net.

-- 
			tom lane
			organizer, Independent JPEG Group
Internet: tgl@cs.cmu.edu	BITNET: tgl%cs.cmu.edu@carnegie

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39639
From: broehl@sunee.uwaterloo.ca (Bernie Roehl)
Subject: Re: Optimizing projections

In article <1sua3tINNqs2@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu> LIONESS@ufcc.ufl.edu writes:
>My three-d library does a lot of projections ( duh ), but currently it
>is projecting an object's vertices on a _per triangle basis_.  This is
>grossly inefficient for 99% of the objects displayed ( which can
>be optimized by doing projections ONE time, once for each vertex ), but
>objects whose Z-extents intersect the hither plane can't benefit from
>this because new vertices must be created during Z-clipping.

>Anyone have any better ideas?

Yes.  Here's what you should do.

Keep the vertices in an array, and have the polygons (triangles are okay,
but n-sided polygons are slightly more efficient) store the indices into
the array of the vertices that comprise them.  You set a flag for each
vertex when you transform it, so you don't have to transform any vertex
more than once; you also do backface elimination before processing the
polygon, so that vertices that belong only to bacfacing polys don't have
to be transformed at all.

Whenever you transform a vertex, check if it's on the far side of the hither
plane; if it is, you can project it right away and store the result.

Then do your Z clip; any vertices that get produced will have to have their
projection done at that stage.

-- 
	Bernie Roehl
        University of Waterloo Dept of Electrical and Computer Engineering
	Mail: broehl@sunee.UWaterloo.ca
	Voice:  (519) 885-1211 x 2607 [work]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39640
From: da1-lst@hemul.nada.kth.se (Lars-Erik Stenholm)
Subject: Parametric Drafting


Hello networld!

I'm looking for documentation/books on parametric drafting.

Does anyone know of such material, electronic on a Gopher/ftp-site
or books/authors.

Im not looking for commercial software rather info on implementation 
and theory of the subject. Im planning to make a parametric
generator for autocad and i would need some referance.

Everything you know is of interest!

Thanks in advace!!

//Lasse




-- 
---
Lars-Erik Stenholm, Student at the University Of Stockholm, Sweden.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39641
From: af774@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Chad Cipiti)
Subject: 3D Shark?


Hi.  I'm looking for a 3D shark for use in a ray tracing rountine I'm doing.
 I'll be using Vivid or POV, but it can be in any format.  Are there any
 FTP sites with 3D objects or does anyone have a good 3D shark?

Thanks alot!

Chad


-- 
      ....                 New in 1993                                
 ~  ~~ :::::.~~~ ~ ~    Sea World of Ohio           Chad Cipiti         
~ ~~  ::SHARK:. ~  ~                         cipiti@bobcat.ent.ohiou.edu
 ~~ .:ENCOUNTER:. ~~     "Make Contact."     af774@cleveland.freenet.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39642
From: u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (jih-shin ho)
Subject: disp140 [0/7]


I have posted DISP140.ZIP to alt.binaries.pictures.utilities.
I will upload this package to SIMTEL20 later.

******   You may distribute this program freely for non-commercial use
         if no fee is gained.
******   There is no warranty. The author is not responsible for any
         damage caused by this program.

Important changes since Version 1.35:
  Added support for IRIS.
  Support Mix/Concat. two images.
  Added support for 'batch conversion'.
  Added support for 'load/save palette table'.
  Added support for 'edge enhance'.
  Added support for 'crop one line'.
  Added support for 'negate image'.
  New color quantization option.
  Fix some minor bugs.

(1) Introduction:
  This program can let you READ, WRITE and DISPLAY images with different
  formats. It also let you do some special effects(ROTATION, DITHERING ....)
  on image. Its main purpose is to let you convert image among different
  formts.
  Include simple file management system.
  Support 'slide show'.
+ Support 'batch conversion'.
  There is NO LIMIT on image size.
  Currently this program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.
  If you want to use HiColor or TrueColor, you must have VESA driver.
  If you want to modify video driver, please read section (8).


(2) Hardware Requirement:
  PC 386 or better. MSDOS 3.3 or higher.
  min amount of ram is 4M bytes(Maybe less memory will also work).
  (I recommend min 8M bytes for better performance).
  Hard disk for swapping(virtual memory).

  The following description is borrowed from DJGPP.

  Supported Wares:

  * Up to 128M of extended memory (expanded under VCPI)
  * Up to 128M of disk space used for swapping
  * SuperVGA 256-color mode up to 1024x768
  * 80387
  * XMS & VDISK memory allocation strategies
  * VCPI programs, such as QEMM, DESQview, and 386MAX

  Unsupported:

  * DPMI
  * Microsoft Windows

  Features: 80387 emulator, 32-bit unix-ish environment, flat memory
  model, SVGA graphics.


(3) Installation:
  Video drivers, emu387 and go32.exe are borrowed from DJGPP.
  (If you use Western Digital VGA chips, read readme.wd)
  (This GO32.EXE is a modified version for vesa and is COMPLETELY compatible
   with original version)
  *** But some people report that this go32.exe is not compatible with
      other DJGPP programs in their system. If you encounter this problem,
      DON'T put go32.exe within search path.

  *** Please read runme.bat for how to run this program.

  If you choose xxxxx.grn as video driver, add 'nc 256' to environment
    GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grn nc 256

  If you don't have 80x87, add 'emu x:/xxxxx/emu387' to environment GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grd emu x:/xxxxx/emu387

  **** Notes: 1. I only test tr8900.grn, et4000.grn and vesa.grn.
                 Other drivers are not tested.
              2. I have modified et4000.grn to support 8, 15, 16, 24 bits
                 display. You don't need to use vesa driver.
                 If et4000.grn doesn't work, please try vesa.grn.
              3. For those who want to use HiColor or TrueColor display,
                 please use vesa.grn(except et4000 users).
                 You can find vesa BIOS driver from :
                   wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/graphics
                   godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au: /kjb/MGL


(4) Command Line Switch:

    Usage : display [-d|--display initial_display_type]
                    [-s|--sort sort_method]
                    [-h|-?]

    Display type: 8(SVGA,default), 15, 16(HiColor), 24(TrueColor)
    Sort method: 'name', 'ext'


(5) Function Key:

    F2 : Change disk drive.

    CTRL-A -- CTRL-Z : change disk drive.

    F3 : Change filename mask. (See match.doc)

    F4 : Change parameters.

    F5 : Some effects on picture, eg. flip, rotate ....

    F7 : Make Directory.

    t : Tag file.

    + : Tag group files. (See match.doc)

    T : Tag all files.

    u : Untag file.

    - : Untag group files. (See match.doc)

    U : Untag all files.

    Ins : Change display type (8,15,16,24) in 'read' & 'screen' menu.

    F6,m,M : Move file(s).

+   ALT-M : Move single file(ignore tag).

    F8,d,D : Delete file(s).

+   ALT-D : Delete single file(ignore tag).

    r,R : Rename file.

    c,C : Copy File(s).

+   ALT-C : Copy single file(ignore tag).

    z,Z : Display first 10 bytes in Ascii, Hex and Dec modes.

    f,F : Display disk free space.

    Page Up/Down : Move one page.

    TAB : Change processing target.

    Arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down: Scroll image.
      Home: Left Most.
      End: Right Most.
      Page Up: Top Most.
      Page Down: Bottom Most.
      in 'screen' & 'effect' menu :
        Left,Right arrow: Change display type(8, 15, 16, 24 bits).

+   CTRL-Arrow keys : Crop image by one line(in graphics mode).

    s,S : Slide Show(show tagged files). ESCAPE to terminate.

+   b,B : Batch conversion(convert tagged files to single format).

+   w,W : Wait/Pause in slide show.

    ALT-X : Quit program without prompting.

    ALT-A : Reread directory.

    Escape : Abort function and return.


(6) Support Format:

  Read: GIF(.gif), Japan MAG(.mag), Japan PIC(.pic), Sun Raster(.ras),
        Jpeg(.jpg), XBM(.xbm), Utah RLE(.rle), PBM(.pbm), PGM(.pgm),
        PPM(.ppm), PM(.pm), PCX(.pcx), Japan MKI(.mki), Tiff(.tif),
        Targa(.tga), XPM(.xpm), Mac Paint(.mac), GEM/IMG(.img),
        IFF/ILBM(.lbm), Window BMP(.bmp), QRT ray tracing(.qrt),
        Mac PICT(.pct), VIS(.vis), PDS(.pds), VIKING(.vik), VICAR(.vic),
+       FITS(.fit), Usenix FACE(.fac), IRIS(.sgi).

        the extensions in () are standard extensions.

  Write: GIF, Sun Raster, Jpeg, XBM, PBM, PGM, PPM, PM, Tiff, Targa,
         XPM, Mac Paint, Ascii, Laser Jet, IFF/ILBM, Window BMP,
+        Mac PICT, VIS, FITS, FACE, PCX, GEM/IMG, IRIS.

  All Read/Write support full color(8 bits), grey scale, b/w dither,
      and 24 bits image, if allowed for that format.


(7) Detail:

   Initialization:
      Set default display type to highest display type.
      Find allowable screen resolution(for .grn video driver only).

   1. When you run this program, you will enter 'read' menu. Whthin this
      menu you can press any function key. If you move or copy
      files, you will enter 'write' menu. the 'write' menu is much like
      'read' menu, but only allow you to change directory.
      The header line in 'read' menu includes "(d:xx,f:xx,t:xx)".
        d : display type. f: number of files. t: number of tagged files.
      pressing SPACE in 'read' menu will let you select which format to use
        for reading current file.
      pressing RETURN in 'read' menu will let you reading current file. This
        program will automatically determine which format this file is.
        The procedure is: First, check magic number. If fail, check
        standard extension. Still fail, report error.
      pressing s or S in 'read' menu will do 'Slide Show'.
        If delay time is 0, program will wait until you hit a key
          (except ESCAPE).
        If any error occurs, program will make a beep.
+       'w' or 'W' to pause, any key to continue.
        ESCAPE to terminate.
      pressing Ins in 'read' menu will change display type.
      pressing ALT-X in 'read' menu will quit program without prompting.
+     pressing F5 will turn on 'effect' menu.

   2. Once image file is successfully read, you will enter 'screen' menu.
      You can do special effect on image.
      pressing RETURN: show image.
        in graphic mode, press RETURN, SPACE or ESCAPE to return to text
        mode.
      pressing TAB: change processing target. This program allows you to do
        special effects on 8-bit or 24-bit image.
      pressing Left,Right arrow: change display type. 8, 15, 16, 24 bits.
      pressing SPACE: save current image to file.
        B/W Dither: save as black/white image(1 bit).
        Grey Scale: save as grey image(8 bits).
        Full Color: save as color image(8 bits).
        True Color: save as 24-bit image.

        This program will ask you some questions if you want to write image
        to file. Some questions are format-dependent. Finally This program
        will prompt you a filename. If you want to save file under another
        directory other than current directory, please press SPACE. after
        pressing SPACE, you will enter 'write2' menu. You can change
        directory to what you want. Then,

        pressing SPACE: this program will prompt you 'original' filename.
        pressing RETURN: this program will prompt you 'selected' filename
                      (filename under bar).


  3. This program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.

  4. This Program is MEMORY GREEDY. If you don't have enough memory,
     the performance is poor.

  5. If you want to save 8 bits image :
       try GIF then TIFF(LZW) then TARGA then Sun Raster then BMP then ...

     If you want to save 24 bits image (lossless):
       try TIFF(LZW) or TARGA or ILBM or Sun Raster
       (No one is better for true 24bits image)

  6. I recommend Jpeg for storing 24 bits images, even 8 bits images.

  7. Not all subroutines are fully tested

  8. This document is not well written. If you have any PROBLEM, SUGGESTION,
     COMMENT about this program,
     Please send to u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (140.113.11.13).
     I need your suggestion to improve this program.
     (There is NO anonymous ftp on this site)


(8) Tech. information:
  Program (user interface and some subroutines) written by Jih-Shin Ho.
  Some subroutines are borrowed from XV(2.21) and PBMPLUS(dec 91).
  Tiff(V3.2) and Jpeg(V4) reading/writing are through public domain
    libraries.
  Compiled with DJGPP.
  You can get whole DJGPP package from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
    For example, wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/djgpp


(9) For Thoese who want to modify video driver:
   1. get GRX source code from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
   2. For HiColor and TrueColor:
        15 bits : # of colors is set to 32768.
        16 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc010.
        24 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc018.


Acknowledgment:
  I would like to thank the authors of XV and PBMPLUS for their permission
    to let me use their subroutines.
  Also I will thank the authors who write Tiff and Jpeg libraries.
  Thank DJ. Without DJGPP I can't do any thing on PC.


                                            Jih-Shin Ho
                                   u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39643
From: dconway@hpldsla.sid.hp.com (Dan Conway)
Subject: Re: Calculating regular polyhedra vertices

I'd be interested in a copy of this code if you run across it.
(Mail to the author bounced)
 > / hpldsla:comp.graphics / ricky@vnet.ibm.com (Rick Turner) / 12:53 am  May 13,
 1993 /
 > I fooled around with this problem a few years ago, and implemented a
 > simple method that ran on a PC.
 > was very simple - about 40 or 50 lines of code.
 . . .
 > Somewhere I still have it
 > and could dig it out if there was interest.
 >
 > Rick

 Dan Conway
 dconway@hpsid.sid.hp.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39644
From: rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham)
Subject: Re: SIGGRAPH online experimental publication available

Rich Brandwein writes:

+In article <1993May7.211312.10403@bert.eecs.uic.edu>, rsc@siggraph.org
+(Steve Cunningham) writes:
+|>           Computer Graphics experimental special online issue
+|>                                May 1993
+|> 
+|> The May 1993 experimental special issue of Computer Graphics is online 
+|> as a set of files on the  siggraph.org  system in the directory 
+|>      ~ftp/publications/May_93_online 
+|> This is made available to the computer graphics community by ACM 
+|> SIGGRAPH.  The general theme of this issue is electronic documents, and 
+|> the Table of Contents in the AboutThisIssue files will tell you more 
+|> about this publication and its contents.
+
+        I ftp'd here, but found nothing.  Has this been removed?

Nope, it's still there:

ftp siggraph.org
Connected to siggraph.org.
220 siggraph.org FTP server (Version 6.12 Tue Apr 13 09:53:56 CDT 1993) ready.
Name (siggraph.org:rsc): anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send e-mail address as password.
Password:
230--------------------------------------------------------------
230-    Welcome to Siggraph.Org, a machine maintained for ACM 
230-    SIGGRAPH by volunteers as a service to the active
230-    computer graphics community.
230-    ...
ftp> cd publications/May_93_online
250 CWD command successful.
ftp> ls
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for file list.
AboutThisIssue
Kappe.Maurer
Skip.Tappan.Russell
Gonzalez
Rosenblum
Bossomaier.Green
Announcements
Calendar
Contacts
index
READ_ME
226 Transfer complete.
141 bytes received in 0.04 seconds (3.4 Kbytes/s)
ftp>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39645
From: jorna@kub.nl (AEGEE-Tilburg, Remco Jorna)
Subject: CGM garphics viewer wanted

I'm currently looking for a viewer for Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM)
pictures. Please inform me about a SHAREWARE or FREEWARE version.

Thnx,
Remco

JORNA@KUB.NL

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39646
From: wlieftin@cs.vu.nl (Liefting W)
Subject: Re: PoV Ray Related Group NEEDED

hed@cats.ucsc.edu (Magic Fingers) writes:


>In article <1993May13.011926.4728@exucom.com> cyberman@exucom.com (Stephen R. Phillips) writes:

>If it takes making it an alt group, then why not?  I've been following
>this thread for, what has it been, two months now?

The alt.* hierarchie is created for 2 purposes:
1. For groups which do not fit under the comp.* or other 'official'
  hierarchies
2. For the fast creation of hot new newsgroups like alt.gulf.war

Because there is no voting process or any other control facilities,
sites are free to decide not to carry (some of) the alt groups.

Therefore, it is (I think) desirable to try to create comp.graphics.
{raytrace, rendering or whatever} and not an alt-group

Wouter

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39647
From: crgruen@sony1.sdrc.com (robert gruen)
Subject: Bit Planes

Could anyone please explain what Bit Planes are?  We have an SGI here at work 
that says it has 64 Bit Planes - what does this mean?  How does this relate to 
PC graphics?  What do they usually have?  Please reply via Email as most of 
this group is over my head.  

Thanks in advance!!! 

Bob Gruen 
---------
Structural Dynamics Research Corp.
Cincinnati, Ohio 
513/576-5635 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39648
From: Eric Davis <ICEND@ASUACAD.BITNET>
Subject: Re: HELP - 3DS

In article <C70zv4.9Hq@ddtopper.Dundee.NCR.COM>, stephenc says:
>
>In 3D Studio, is there any way to create refraction, diffraction etc ?
>
>I want to simulate such things as glass lenses, bottles etc.

There might be an IPAS routine that does that,but I can'r be sure.  Another
way to do it is to render the scene without the glass object and save the
image.  Then assign that image to your glass object as a reflection.  It will
take a lot of adjusting for position and size of the reflection, but that's
the only thing I can think of.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39649
From: brendan@gu.uwa.edu.au (Brendan Langoulant)
Subject: 3D input devices

Greetings all,
   Does anyone use some form of 3D input device?  I would like to hear any
information on any systems that people are currently using...

Please email responses. I will summarise if I get some feedback.

--
Brendan Langoulant
brendan@gu.uwa.edu.au

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39651
From: Mert Sungur <ISCIS@TRMETU.BITNET>
Subject: CFP: 8th Int'l Symp. on Computer and Information Sciences

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

                               CALL FOR PAPERS


   The Eighth International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences

                                ISCIS VIII
                  November 3 - 5, 1993, Antalya, Turkey


                               Organized by

                                   EHEI
            Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Informatique, Paris, France

                                   METU
              Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey


                            in cooperation with
                  IEEE Computer Society Turkey Chapter,
                            IEEE Turkey Section
                       and the following universities:
             Bogazici, Ege, Hacettepe, Istanbul Teknik, Yildiz.

                            ISCIS Advisory Board:
             E.Arkun, E.Gelenbe, U.Halici, E.Harmanci, K.Inan,
          Y.Karsligil, S.Kuru, N.Yalabik, U. Yarimagan, S.Yilmaz


 Conference Chair        Program Co-Chairs           Publicity Chair
 --------------------    ------------------------    ----------------------
 Erol Gelenbe,           L. Gun, IBM, USA            Ugur Halici, METU
 Duke University, USA    R. Onvural,IBM, USA         halici@vm.cc.metu.edu.tr
 erol@egr.duke.edu       P. Quinton,IRISA, France    halici@trmetu.bitnet


                            Program Committee
                            -----------------
V. Akman, Turkey, E. Alpaydin, Turkey, E. Arkun, Turkey, I. Aybay, Turkey,
S. Bilgen, Turkey, A. Dogac, Turkey, A. Dogramaci, Turkey, S. Fdida, France,
J.M. Fourneau, France, E. Gelenbe, USA,  G. Gonenc, Turkey, U. Halici, Turkey,
E. Harmanci, Turkey, K. Inan, Turkey, S. Jaehnischen,Germany, S. Kuru, Turkey,
M. Nivat, France, V. Paschos, France, N.Pekergin, France, J.F. Perrot, France,
M. Raynal,France, A. Stafylopatis, Greece, G. Stamon,France, G. Ucoluk, Turkey,
N. Yalabik, Turkey


                            Publicity Committee
                            -------------------
    Isik Aybay, Osman Basbugoglu, Semih Bilgen, Emin Germen, Mert Sungur


ISCIS VIII is the eighth of a series of meetings which have brought together
computer scientists and engineers from about twenty countries. This year's
conference will be held in the beautiful Mediterranean resort city of
Antalya, in a region rich in natural as well as historical sites.


           RESEARCH PAPERS ARE SOUGHT IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS:
           --------------------------------------------------
        Theory of Computer Science   -   Computer Architecture & Systems
           Artificial Intelligence   -   Neural Networks
     Graphics and Image Processing   -   Computational Mathematics
  Operations Research Applications   -   Databases
            Performance Evaluation   -   Software Engineering
                 Computer Networks   -   Parallelism

Paper Submission:  Full papers are limited to 8 pages and short
communications are limited  to 4 pages. Submit five camera ready copies
(one original and four copies) of the paper and an accompanying letter by
postal mail only, so as to arrive by  June 30, 1993 to:

            ISCIS VIII, Attn Drs Levent Gun and Raif Onvural,
   IBM E95/B 673, P.O. Box 12195, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA

Selected papers from ISCIS VIII will be published in the journal Information
Sciences (Elsevier - North Holland).

Poster Submission: Submit five camera ready copies of 1 page extended
abstract with an accompanying letter by July 30, 1993 to the address given
above.

Information: For required writing format, further information and
announcements, contact:

                    ISCIS  VIII,  Ugur Halici,
   Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Eng., METU, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
         Tel: (90 4) 210 10 00 Ext: 2301   Fax:(90 4) 210 12 61
         Email: iscis@vm.cc.metu.edu.tr  or  iscis@trmetu.bitnet

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39652
From: spedhead@athena.mit.edu (Pankaj Oberoi)
Subject: Help 3D-reconstruction

Hi I'm new to imaging, and my advisor and I would like to 
do some 3D reconstructions.

We take slides (biological), and image them on a 486.  Then
the software allows us to trace the outline of the objects 
we want to save.  The outlines are stored as a TIFF file.

We would like to convert a group of these outlines into a 
3D image.  We are unsure as to where to begin.  Someone mentioned
that if we could convert the TIFF into a vector format then 
we could view them in Autocad.

Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Pankaj Oberoi
spedhead@athena.mit.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39654
From: pfine@mitre.org (Paul Fine)
Subject: TIFF 6.0

I recently read in a book that the TIFF version 6.0 specification was due
to be released in the spring of 1992.  I am interested in finding out about
the new features of the TIFF spec (and if it is out).  Specifically, I need
to know if TIFF 6.0 supports VQ decompression and/or image
tiling.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39655
From: rlafolle@apssgi.nswc.navy.mil (Robert D. LaFollette)
Subject: Image format conversion tool 

Hello,

	Does anyone know of an image format conversion tool that will convert a 
raw (8 bit grey scale) image to Gif or Tif format.  It would be great if the tool
ran on a PC, was a Windows application, and supported other formats, but I'll be 
happy with anything that works.


		Attn: Code L10MP   Robert LaFollette 
		Dahlgren Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center
		Dahlgren, VA 22448-5000

		(703)663-4749   autovon 249-4749
		FAX (703)663-4749
		Email   rlafoll@duchamp.nswc.navy.mil
			rlafoll@128.38.158.43


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39656
From: stephens@rd1.interlan.com (Jack Stephenson)
Subject: Re: What is this .GL file?

From article <1suntv$3km@watson.mtsu.edu>, by csjohn@watson.mtsu.edu (John Wallace):
> I've got this animation file with a .GL extension.
> What is this?  Are there anu MS-DOS or OS/2 programs
> which will run this file?  Thanks.
> 

The GL file is an archive containing individual frames or pieces of
frames (usually stored as .PIC or .CLP files), fonts, and a .TXT file
that tells the GRASP animation system how to display it.  GL stands
for Grasp Library.  There is probably a detailed discussion of this subject
in the alt.binaries.pictures FAQ.

There are freely distributable viewers for GL files, and they are usually
named GRASPRT?.EXE (replace the ? with a version digit or letter).  Most
GL files contain frames that are hardware-specific to particular modes
of the CGA, EGA, or VGA adapters on PCs.  I think that there are some
copies of GRASPRT available by anonymous ftp (I know that I got one there
a long time ago).

		Good Luck
		Jack

-- 
== Jack Stephenson          main e-mail: j_stephenson@isuv1.interlan.com  ==
|| Racal-Datacom            alternate e-mail: stephens@souv1.interlan.com ||
|| P.O. Box 407044                                                        ||
== Ft. Lauderdale, FL  33340  USA     Phone: (+1) 305-846-6137            ==

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39657
From: fitz@cse.ogi.edu (Bob Fitzsimmons)
Subject: Re: VGA Graphics Library

In article <2054@mwca.UUCP> bill@mwca.UUCP (Bill Sheppard) writes:
>Many high-end graphics cards come with C source code for doing basic graphics
>sorts of things (change colors, draw points/lines/polygons/fills, etc.).  Does
>such a library exist for generic VGA graphics cards/chips, hopefully in the
>public domain?  This would be for the purpose of compiling under a non-DOS
>operating system running on a standard PC.
>

I'm also interested in info both public domain and commercial graphics library 
package to do PC VGA graphics.  

I'm currently working on a realtime application running on a PCC with a 
non-DOS kernel that needs to do some simple graphics.  I'm not sure if 
reentrancy of the graphics library is going to be an issue or not.  
I suspect I'll implement the display controller as a server process that 
handles graphics requests, queued on a mailbox, one at a time.  If this 
provides sufficiently frequent display updates then I believe that I can 
restrict all graphics operations to be performed by the server and thus 
constrain access to the library to a this single process and avoid the need
for a reentrant graphics library.  

Being fairly new to the realtime systems world I may be overlooking something,
what do you think?

Cheers,
Bob Fitzsimmons		fitz@cse.ogi.edu		(503)297-3165

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39658
From: rboykin@cscsparc.larc.nasa.gov (Rick Boykin)
Subject: Lookin Form 3-D model of Loom

    Hi folks,

I'm doing an animated film on new methodes in loom
research (You know, the thing they make cloth with.)
and need a model of a loom. The format should be 
in ascii faceted geometry and fairly straight
forward to figure out. Any help or pointers would be
greatly appreciated.

-Thanks

Rick Boykin

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    Rick Boykin (rboykin@cscsparc.larc.nasa.gov)
    Computer Sciences Corporation, Hampton, VA.

    "So maybe I could be a fly
     and feed arachnid as I die"     -Tom Marshall

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39659
From: vicente@cenaath.cena.dgac.fr (Martin VICENTE (CENA/SID))
Subject: Re: 3D input devices


Hello,
i'm interested in those devices too.
Could also send me your suggestions.
Thank in advance.
Regards.
-- 

 Martin VICENTE  (E-mail: vicente@cenaath.cena.dgac.fr - Tph: 69 84 56 88)
  Centre d'Etudes de la Navigation Aerienne   _/_/_/ _/_/       / o \ / o \
  Div. Support Informatique & Developpement      _/ _/  _/      \___/ \___/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39660
From: nagle@netcom.com (John Nagle)
Subject: Oriented bounding box generation?

       I'm looking for code that will generate a minimum-volume oriented
bounding box for an arbitrary polyhedron.  Anyone know of such code?

       Why?  I'm converting objects from
one modelling system into another, and the destination system is object
oriented.  So I want to represent each object in its own coordinate system,
that of its bounding box, with the objects then translated and rotated
appropriately, this being the representation used in the destination
system.

					John Nagle


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39661
From: mckinley@fed3005.ne1300.ingr.com (Chuck McKinley)
Subject: Ray-Bezier Intersection Problem


If some kind person has access to a mathematical package such as Mathematica,
Maple,... I would like to ask you for the solution to the following problem.
I sometimes have algebra problems like this where I would like a simplified
symbolic solution. Is there a FTP-able package out there that can handle such
beasts?

    I would like to solve the following ray - Bezier patch intersection
    for the scalar constant t in:

        P                    + t * V                =  Q(u,w)
         (origin point in 3D)       (dir vector 3D)

    in terms of only:
       
          P            V            P                     and various scalars
           (origin) ,   (dir 3D) ,   (i,j) 0 <= i,j <= 3

    where:

                            T
    Q(u,w) = [U] [N] [B] [M]  [W]



               n  n-1  n-2   n-3
      [U] = [ u  u    u     u ....     u  1 ]      ( 0.0 <= u <= 1.0 )
               3  2
          = [ u  u  u 1 ]    ( in my particular case )


               n  n-1  n-2   n-3             T
      [W] = [ w  w    w     w ....     w  1 ]      ( 0.0 <= w <= 1.0 )

               3  2      T
          = [ w  w  w 1 ]    ( in my particular case )


                   T
      [ N ] = [ M ]   =  | -1  3 -3  1 |     ( for my particular case )
                         |  3 -6  3  0 |
                         | -3  3  0  0 |
                         |  1  0  0  0 |


      [ B ] =  | P       P       P       P      | (control points in 3D space)
               |  (0,0)   (0,1)   (0,2)   (0,3) |
               |                                |
               | P       P       P       P      |
               |  (1,0)   (1,1)   (1,2)   (1,3) |
               |                                |
               | P       P       P       P      |
               |  (2,0)   (2,1)   (2,2)   (2,3) |
               |                                |
               | P       P       P       P      |
               |  (3,0)   (3,1)   (3,2)   (3,3) |



                                        Thanx,

                                    chuck@elwood.reston.ingr.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39662
From: robertw@tekig1.PEN.TEK.COM (Robert J Woolridge)
Subject: anonymous ftp sites for graphics

Can someone please give me a couple names of anonymous
ftp sites that cater to graphics.  I am looking for info/
sources/images for building a ray tracer.  


Thanks,

Robert Woolridge
robertw@clovis.pen.tek.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39663
From: nagle@netcom.com (John Nagle)
Subject: Re: Point in Polygon routine needed

Andrew Lewis Tepper <at15+@andrew.cmu.edu> writes:
>I don't know if this routine is "standard", I just came up with it recently:
>For a polygon of points p1...pn, and a point P, make a table as follows:
>T(1)= angle from p1 to P to p2
>T(2)= angle from p2 to P to p3
>...
>T(n)= angle from pn to P to p1
>express all angles as: -PI < angle < PI.
>Add all entries in the table. If the sum = 0, the point is outside. If
>the sum is +/- PI, the point is inside. If the point is +/- xPI, you
>have a strange polygon. If ANY angle was = +/-PI, the point is on the
>border.

     I think it's known, but it's neat.

     Can it be extended to 3D?

						John Nagle

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39664
From: hed@cats.ucsc.edu (Magic Fingers)
Subject: Re: PoV Ray Related Group NEEDED


>hed@cats.ucsc.edu (Magic Fingers) writes:
>>In article <1993May13.011926.4728@exucom.com> cyberman@exucom.com (Stephen R. Phillips) writes:
>>If it takes making it an alt group, then why not?  I've been following
>>this thread for, what has it been, two months now?
>The alt.* hierarchie is created for 2 purposes:
>1. For groups which do not fit under the comp.* or other 'official'
>  hierarchies
>2. For the fast creation of hot new newsgroups like alt.gulf.war
>Because there is no voting process or any other control facilities,
>sites are free to decide not to carry (some of) the alt groups.
>Therefore, it is (I think) desirable to try to create comp.graphics.
>{raytrace, rendering or whatever} and not an alt-group
>
>Wouter

Very good point.  Is there someone out there that is working on this?
I'd offer my time to help manage/do it all myself but yaw'll are not
going to hear from me over the summer.  I'm not trying to be pushy,
and there is being progress made (re: pov mailing list).

-hed

-- 
^^^^^^^^^^^^advertisement^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^advertisement^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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	from our usual price of $8000 dollars...
BUY ONE NOW! DON'T WAIT, SALE ENDS SUNDAY!
^^^^^^^^^^^^advertisement^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^adveritisement^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39665
From: shayla@shannon.jpl.nasa.gov (Shayla L. Fahey)
Subject: Raw byte grayscale -> GIF

I currently have some grayscale image files that are not in any
standard format.  They simply contain the 8-bit pixel values.  I would
like to display these images on a PC.  The conversion to a GIF format
would be helpful.  This conversion can take place either on a PC
or on a UNIX system and I could then download it to the PC.
Can anyone suggest where I can find software to do this?  Alternatively, I
may have to write my own conversion program.  In this case, could someone
tell me where I can find the GIF format specification?

Please e-mail me directly at: shayla@shannon.jpl.nasa.gov

Thanks.




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39666
From: d34863@puff.pnl.gov (Annette Koontz)
Subject: Graphics software needed


Hello,

We are looking for a graphics package (preferably complete
with source code) that will run on our UNIX operating system
(a Sequent running DYNIX 3.2).  This graphics package must 
support a wide variety of character based graphics devices 
(PC's running a terminal emulator, primarily).  
At this point, X11 graphics is not an option.

This graphics program should, if possible, support these
sorts of graphics operations (minimum requirements):

   1) Complicated axes (log, linear, etc.) with fairly
      precise axis labels (multi-line labels, etc.)
      Major and minor tickmarks on axes, etc.	
  
   2) It would be nice if some limited amount of color
      plotting were available, if the output device
      supported it.

We have a copy of gnuplot and are currently using it, but
gnuplot has some limitations.  We are looking for something
more robust than gnuplot.

At this point, I'm looking for information about packages that
might solve our problems.  If you have any information, please
contact me at the above email address.  If the product you know
about is a commercial software package, please send a phone number
or email address so that I can contact them about pricing, etc.

Annette Koontz
Battelle Pacific Northwest
Richland, WA 99352 USA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39667
From: Kent.Dalton@FtCollinsCO.NCR.COM (Kent.Dalton)
Subject: Re: PoV Ray Related Group NEEDED

>>>>> On 17 May 93 09:42:18 GMT, wlieftin@cs.vu.nl (Liefting W) said:

	Liefting> hed@cats.ucsc.edu (Magic Fingers) writes:


>In article <1993May13.011926.4728@exucom.com> cyberman@exucom.com (Stephen R.
>Phillips) writes:

>If it takes making it an alt group, then why not?  I've been following this
>thread for, what has it been, two months now?

Liefting> The alt.* hierarchie is created for 2 purposes: 1. For
Liefting> groups which do not fit under the comp.* or other 'official'
Liefting> hierarchies 2. For the fast creation of hot new newsgroups
Liefting> like alt.gulf.war

Liefting> Because there is no voting process or any other control
Liefting> facilities, sites are free to decide not to carry (some of)
Liefting> the alt groups.

Liefting> Therefore, it is (I think) desirable to try to create
Liefting> comp.graphics.  {raytrace, rendering or whatever} and not an
Liefting> alt-group

Plus, *many* sites, (especially many .com sites) do not carry any alt
newsgroups. (We don't for example.) A comp.* group will get a much broader
distribution and would be useful to many more people. Plus the topic is
important/popular enough to warrant its own group, IMHO.
--
/**************************************************************************/
/* Kent Dalton                   * EMail: Kent.Dalton@FtCollinsCO.NCR.COM */
/* NCR Microelectronics          * Phone: (303) 223-5100 X-319            */  
/* 2001 Danfield Ct. MS470A      *   FAX: (303) 226-9556                  */
/* Fort Collins, Colorado 80525  *                                        */
/**************************************************************************/
Does someone from PEORIA have a SHORTER ATTENTION span than me?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39669
From: menchett@dws015.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti)
Subject: Adobe Type Manager - what good is it??

The subject says it all. I bought Adobe Type Manager and find it completely
useless. I ftped some atm fonts and couldn't install them. What's the use?
Are you supposed to be able to convert ATM fonts to Truetype?

If there's anyone out there who has this program and actually finds it 
useful, enlighten me!

Pete


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39670
From: jesup@cbmvax.cbm.commodore.com (Randell Jesup)
Subject: Re: Products to handle HDTV moving pircture (180MB/sec)

kazsato@twics.co.jp writes:
>I'd like to know if there is any system (CPU + HD array + framebuffer)
>which can play and record HDTV quality moving picture in realtime.
>
>HDTV has about 6MB/frame, so recording/playing moving picture will need
>about 180MB/sec bandwidth. I'm thinking to treat the raw data.. not
>compressed. 

	Actually, for digital HDTV systems that's far higher bandwidth than
you need, unless there's some reason you must work in fully-uncompressed
HDTV.  Also, my calculations is that each frame should be well under 6MB,
even using 24 bits/pixel (which is more bits than you actually need - 15 or
18 should be enough for a moving picture).  1600x1100x16bits is 3.5MB (I'm
guessing at HDTV resolution - it may be a bit wider than 1600, I'm fairly
sure of the 1100 number for most of the digital proposals).

	I hope you have a very fast memory system as well - 180MB/s while
displaying will require a heavily interleaved VRAM system.

	Unless you have a _very_ compelling reason, I'd advise trying to use
at least somewhat compressed data.  You don't have to go to full compression
to get to a level where the data IO requirements are much cheaper and easier
to deal with.

-- 
GNU Emacs is a LISP operating system disguised as a word processor.
 - Doug Mohney, in comp.arch

Randell Jesup, Jack-of-quite-a-few-trades, Commodore Engineering.
jesup@cbmvax.commodore.com or rutgers!cbmvax!jesup	BIX: rjesup  
Disclaimer: Nothing I say is anything other than my personal opinion.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39671
From: ae604@Freenet.carleton.ca (Michael Clark)
Subject: video memory


Hello
	I have posted to this newsgroup once before and recieved a
moderately helpful response on a couple of issues. This I appreciated very
much . I would however like to know why it is that ther is simply NO 
information out there on some subjects for the relativly novice graphics
programmer. The subjects are

	1) How do you access the extra video memory on a video board. I
know somwhere there aresome standard video bios calls that allow you to
dothis. I have 1meg of memory on my board and according to all the books
and info I have read I am only (at maximum) using 256k of it. There is a
way to do this in standard VGA cause I have seen vidoe paging (written in
assembly, which I don't know) written into apps hat use mode 13h. To get
any speed at all you have to do this. How do I do it?

	2) The vesa standard. What gives here. I have read most of what
the net has to offer on VESA and as far as coding for VESA goes most of
the advice is cryptic at best. Where do I get public domain info that will
tell me in "mostly plain" english how the vesa calls work.

	My biggest gripe is about number 1. I have bought graphics books,
I have asked graphics professors, I have hunted the net through both
gopher, and archie, I ahave asked apps programmers and it is like there is
some lock on this information. Graphics programming books tell alot of
programmiing algorithm information, but they always fall short of telling
you how to really control the video bios. What are all the calls folks, I
know there are people out there that know how to doall tis stuff. Where
are you, and why haven't you written a book yet? 

Please help

Thanks in advance

Stephen palm
palm@snycanva.bitnet
(please send all personal replies to the above address, thanks)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39672
From: povlphp@uts.uni-c.dk (Povl H. Pedersen)
Subject: Re: Products to handle HDTV moving pircture (180MB/sec)

How does the 16 bit color of HDTV work ? It can not be 5 bit Red Green and
Blue like on the Macintosh. This gives only 64 gray levels.

Apple also has developed a point-point network that is around 200MB (not
sure if it is bits or bytes) per sec.
-- 
Povl H. Pedersen   -   Macintosh specialist. Knows some DOS and UNIX too.
pope@imv.aau.dk    -   povlphp@uts.uni-c.dk
--- Finger me at pope@imv.aau.dk for PGP Public Key ---

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39673
From: val@fcom.cc.utah.edu (Val Kartchner)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

VINCI (filipe@vxcrna.cern.ch) wrote:
: In article <1993May12.193454.29823@hal.com>, bobp@hal.com (Bob Pendleton) writes...
: >From article <1993May7.235404.22590@pony.Ingres.COM>, by mwmeyer@Ingres.COM (Mike (wading through the muck and) Meyer):
: >> In article <1993May7.165432.16935@hal.com> bobp@hal.com (Bob Pendleton) writes:
: >>    This is getting pretty silly. First off, "Hacker" is an obsolete term.
: >>    Doesn't matter what it used to mean, today it means "thief."
: >> 
: >> It only means "thief" if you want it to mean that.  To me, it means

:   [Lots of context wickedly omitted by myself :-) ]
: > 
: >Anyway, if I say "Joe is a hacker" to most english speaking people who
: >know the word they'll probably think he is either a poor golfer or a
: >bad carpenter. But there are very very few people who will think he is
: >a good and clever programmer. :-)
: > 
: >If you chose to call yourself by a term that means "thief" don't be
: >surprised when people think you are a thief. Even if you don't agree
: >with that definition of the word.
:       ^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^ 
:  [....] The narrower view that a hacker, when
:  associated with the computing environment, is a dishonest
:  expert is not so widespread, I'm my opinion, at least with the
:  people involved with the field. IMHO the wider meaning is not
:  obsolete at all, no matter how much the lay press would like it to
:  be!  [....]

:  Therefore I conclude that if you call yourself a hacker, and somebody
:  perceives you as a thief, then this person belongs to a very very
:  small group that has some computer knowledge, but not enough to know
:  the wider (and original) meaning of the word.  [....]

Unfortunately, the general public has a very narrow view of the deep, dark
recesses of the art of computing.  What little they do see is from the view
given to them by the media.  From what I have seen from the media, 'hacker'
is not a proper way by which to refer to a respected person.

I, on the other hand, know what 'hacker' means from those who consider
themselves such.  Following is the definition from "Jargon File 2.9.10".
(This is also known as the "Hackers Dictionary".)  The definitions are
arranged in order of decreasing frequency of usage:

   :hacker: [originally, someone who makes furniture with an axe] n.
     1. A person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable
     systems and how to stretch their capabilities, as opposed to most
     users, who prefer to learn only the minimum necessary.  2. One who
     programs enthusiastically (even obsessively) or who enjoys
     programming rather than just theorizing about programming.  3. A
     person capable of appreciating {hack value}.  4. A person who is
     good at programming quickly.  5. An expert at a particular program,
     or one who frequently does work using it or on it; as in 'a UNIX
     hacker'.  (Definitions 1 through 5 are correlated, and people who
     fit them congregate.)  6. An expert or enthusiast of any kind.  One
     might be an astronomy hacker, for example.  7. One who enjoys the
     intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming or circumventing
     limitations.  8. [deprecated] A malicious meddler who tries to
     discover sensitive information by poking around.  Hence 'password
     hacker', 'network hacker'.  See {cracker}.

     The term 'hacker' also tends to connote membership in the global
     community defined by the net (see {network, the} and
     {Internet address}).  It also implies that the person described
     is seen to subscribe to some version of the hacker ehic (see
     {hacker ethic, the}).

     It is better to be described as a hacker by others than to describe
     oneself that way.  Hackers consider themselves something of an
     elite (a meritocracy based on ability), though one to which new
     members are gladly welcome.  There is thus a certain ego
     satisfaction to be had in identifying yourself as a hacker (but if
     you claim to be one and are not, you'll quickly be labeled
     {bogus}).  See also {wannabee}.

   :hacker ethic, the: n.  1. The belief that information-sharing
     is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of
     hackers to share their expertise by writing free software and
     facilitating access to information and to computing resources
     wherever possible.  2. The belief that system-cracking for fun
     and exploration is ethically OK as long as the cracker commits
     no theft, vandalism, or breach of confidentiality.

     Both of these normative ethical principles are widely, but by no
     means universally) accepted among hackers. Most hackers subscribe
     to the hacker ethic in sense 1, and many act on it by writing and
     giving away free software.  A few go further and assert that
     *all* information should be free and *any* proprietary
     control of it is bad; this is the philosophy behind the {GNU}
     project.

     Sense 2 is more controversial: some people consider the act of
     cracking itself to be unethical, like breaking and entering.
     But this principle at least moderates the behavior of people who
     see themselves as `benign' crackers (see also {samurai}).  On
     this view, it is one of the highest forms of hackerly courtesy
     to (a) break into a system, and then (b) explain to the sysop,
     preferably by email from a {superuser} account, exactly how it
     was done and how the hole can be plugged --- acting as an
     unpaid (an unsolicited) {tiger team}.

     The most reliable manifestation of either version of the hacker
     ethic is that almost all hackers are actively willing to share
     technical tricks, software, and (where possible) computing
     resources with other hackers.  Huge cooperative networks such as
     {USENET}, {Fidonet} and Internet (see {Internet address})
     can function without central control because of this trait; they
     both rely on and reinforce a sense of community that may be
     hackerdom's most valuable intangible asset.

:  Finally, a true hacker does not name himself/herself one, for this is
:  a title that is bestowed by the befuddled sysadmins and users at large.
: To me, a sign of a truly great hacker is to be introduced to someone who
: says "Nahh, I just know a thing or two, people always exagerate..." :-)

Note that the above definition does not preclude a hacker from describing
limself (meaning: himself/herself) one, but simply says that it is better
not to do so.  There are many who do not know the meaning of 'hacker'.  So,
in order to defend the true meaning of the word, it is sometimes necessary
to borrow on the reputation of a known (respected) hacker around the
workplace.  (This means that 'hacker' is defined in terms of some well-known
and respected person.)  Sometimes, there may only be one such person.

: >No matter what Mr. Dumpty says, language doesn't work that way.
:  Actually it does, you just have to get adequate press coverage... :-)

Language works anyway that we want it to work.  The purpose of language is
to communicate.  To oversimplify: As long as communication is taking place,
then language is working.

--
|================= #include <stddisclaimer.h> ================///=============|
| "AMIGA: The computer for the creative mind" (tm) Commodore /// Weber State  |
| "Macintosh: The computer for the rest of us"(tm) Apple \\\///   University  |
|== "I think, therefore I AMiga" -- val@csulx.weber.edu ==\///= Ogden UT USA =|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39674
From: mike@leah.prc.utexas.edu (Michael Kline)
Subject: IGES and e00 formats

I am trying to find out anything I can about available documentation
for IGES and e00(Arc/Info) formats.  If you know anything about these
formats (or just one) PLEASE send me a note.  I don't read this group,
so please send responses to:

mike@prc.utexas.edu

Thank You

Mike Kline

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39675
From: ddennis@nyx.cs.du.edu (Dave Dennis)
Subject: Re: Adobe Type Manager - what good is it??

menchett@dws015.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti) writes:

>The subject says it all. I bought Adobe Type Manager and find it completely
>useless. I ftped some atm fonts and couldn't install them. What's the use?
>Are you supposed to be able to convert ATM fonts to Truetype?

>If there's anyone out there who has this program and actually finds it 
>useful, enlighten me!

>Pete

There are some tricks to installing ATM to windows... install them first
to dos, then run the ATM control panel to get them into windows.

The best reason for ATM is that Adobe IS the standard.  Truetype is a
failed MS venture to undercut Adobe when Adobe was being nasty about
keeping their formats proprietary.  Just about any service bureau or print
shop will smirk and send you on your way if you bring a TrueType document
to them for high resolution printing or ripping.

Although there are lots of pretty TT fonts floating around, they are really
for dot matrix or your own lazer printer.
However, you can convert your TT fonts with Fontmonger or some similar program
to ATM fonts for high end stuff.

If you are using dot matrix for all your printing, you may have wasted
your money!

Dave

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39676
From: ball@stdank.as.ntu.edu.tw (Chin Hsu)
Subject: How to print out NCAR3.0's cgm file



I have a lots of .cgm files produced by NCAR Graph Utility V3.00.

They are all color graphs, and I want to print them out. 

The printers I own are Postscript, and HP 7475a. Anyone who have 

experiences in this please tell me, e-mail me will be very nice.

Or if someone knows how to convert those .cgm  files into .gif

pcx, .bmp .... , it will helps a lot. 

--



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39677
From: max@slinky.NYU.EDU (David Max)
Subject: NEEDED: non-interactive GIF cropper for PC


   I have a group of GIF images that each contain 6 small images in 
the same place on all the images. I need a program to crop out the
small images to a new GIF file. All the programs I can find make me
use the mouse or keyboard to define the cropping coordinates. Is there
a program out there for a PC that can take the crop coordinates on
the command line?

reply to: max@slinky.cs.nyu.edu (David Max)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39736
From: simonson@bert.eecs.uic.edu (Shai Simonson)
Subject: DEC or PC Graphics Tools

I am applying for an NSF grant to buy equipment for a laboratory...

The lab will need to support C (or Pascal) with graphics tools...


We can run the lab either on PC's or  DEC equipment --- 



If you are familiar with appropriate products (software/hardware) and precise
prices. Please contact


shai@lcc.stonehill.edu


We are interested in any available acadmic discounts....


Also, if anyone runs a lab using similar software/hardware, I would be very
interested in hearing your opinions of its success

Thanks

Shai SImonson
Stonehill College
N easton Ma 02357
e

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39737
From: eric@ithaca.com (Eric Wagner)
Subject: Re: Email address of ITHACA(HOOPS) ?

Ithaca technical support can be reached at:

     tech_support@ithaca.com

or by phone at:
 
     510-523-5900

-- 
Eric Wagner               PP-ASEL-IA
Ithaca Software           Skylane N613WD
eric@ithaca.com           Oakland Flyers

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 39738
From: adaptive@cs.nps.navy.mil (zyda res acct)
Subject: Re: 3d Head model ... (not again, groan)

>O.K., sorry to post a question which seems to crop up
>quite regularly in this group however I have yet
>to get a specific and usefull (in my context) answer   
>to where I can get hold of 3d data for a head.
>
>WHAT I AM LOOKING FOR :
>
>Simple polyon description of head / face which can be EASILY
>converted for, or used with, POV (raytracer). 
>(i.e. <1500 polygons)

Well, I am placing a file at my ftp today that contains several
polygonal descriptions of a head, face, skull, vase, etc. The format
of the files is a list of vertices, normals, and triangles. There are
various resolutions and the name of the data file includes the number
of polygons, eg. phred.1.3k.vbl contains 1300 polygons.


In order to get the data via ftp do the following:

	1) ftp taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil
	2) login as anonymous, guest as the password
	3) cd pub/dabro
	4) binary
	5) get cyber.tar.Z

Once you get the data onto your workstation:

	1) uncompress data.tar.Z
	2) tar xvof data.tar

If you have any questions, please let me know.

george dabro
dabro@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil
-- 
george dabrowski
Cyberware Labs

dabro@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 40008
From: gcdcrgm@state.systems.sa.gov.au
Subject: PICLAB processing half a GIF

I've been playing with a program called PICLAB to modify some .gif files. The
problem is it keeps displaying only 50% of the image. Starting from the top, it
displays20%, leaves 20% blank, then down another 20% etc. ANyone know what I'm
doing wrong, or is there another piece of software I should use instead?

Thanks for your tolerance!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 40027
From: spl@pitstop.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: CGM Files

In article <MEYER.93May28133222@ibsen.geomatic.no> meyer@geomatic.no (Harald Martens Meyer) writes:
>The only book I've found on the CGM format, is "CGM and CGI" by D.B.Arnold
>& P.R.Bono from Springer-Verlag, ISBN 3-540-18950-5. It's not the best
>book I've read though....

Well, there *is* the standards document.  From the FAQ:

12) How to order standards documents.

The American National Standards Institute sells ANSI standards, and also
ISO (international) standards.  Their sales office is at 1-212-642-4900,
mailing address is 1430 Broadway, NY NY 10018.  It helps if you have the
complete name and number.

Some useful numbers to know:

CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile) is ISO 8632-4 (1987).  GKS (Graphical
Kernel System) is ANSI X3.124-1985. ...

>If you want a viewer, try downloading ralcgm from unix.hensa.ac.uk,
>/misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z

You might also want to look at gplot from the folks at the Pittsburgh
Supercomputer Center.  Fish around at calpe.psc.edu.  It is pretty
nifty.

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"A naked lunch is natural to us,/we eat reality sandwiches.
But allegories are so much lettuce./Don't hide the madness." -Allen Ginsberg

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
document_id: 40062
From: Zheng Wang <zw10+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Subject: help

Hi there,

I am here looking for some help.

My friend is a interior decor designer. He is from Thailand. He is
trying to find some graphics software on PC. Any suggestion on which
software to buy,where to buy and how much it costs ? He likes the most
sophisticated 
software(the more features it has,the better)

Thanks in advance


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37261
From: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Robert Lipman)
Subject: CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS: Navy SciViz/VR Seminar


			CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS
	
      NAVY SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION AND VIRTUAL REALITY SEMINAR

			Tuesday, June 22, 1993

	    Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center
	      (formerly the David Taylor Research Center)
			  Bethesda, Maryland

SPONSOR: NESS (Navy Engineering Software System) is sponsoring a 
one-day Navy Scientific Visualization and Virtual Reality Seminar.  
The purpose of the seminar is to present and exchange information for
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality programs, 
research, developments, and applications.

PRESENTATIONS: Presentations are solicited on all aspects of 
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality.  All 
current work, works-in-progress, and proposed work by Navy 
organizations will be considered.  Four types of presentations are 
available.

     1. Regular presentation: 20-30 minutes in length
     2. Short presentation: 10 minutes in length
     3. Video presentation: a stand-alone videotape (author need not 
	attend the seminar)
     4. Scientific visualization or virtual reality demonstration (BYOH)

Accepted presentations will not be published in any proceedings, 
however, viewgraphs and other materials will be reproduced for 
seminar attendees.

ABSTRACTS: Authors should submit a one page abstract and/or videotape to:

     Robert Lipman
     Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division
     Code 2042
     Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000

     VOICE (301) 227-3618;  FAX (301) 227-5753  
     E-MAIL  lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil

Authors should include the type of presentation, their affiliations, 
addresses, telephone and FAX numbers, and addresses.  Multi-author 
papers should designate one point of contact.

DEADLINES: The abstact submission deadline is April 30, 1993.  
Notification of acceptance will be sent by May 14, 1993.  
Materials for reproduction must be received by June 1, 1993.

For further information, contact Robert Lipman at the above address.

	  PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS WIDELY AS POSSIBLE, THANKS.




Robert Lipman                     | Internet: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil
David Taylor Model Basin - CDNSWC |       or: lip@ocean.dt.navy.mil
Computational Signatures and      | Voicenet: (301) 227-3618
   Structures Group, Code 2042    | Factsnet: (301) 227-5753
Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000    | Phishnet: stockings@long.legs
				   
The sixth sick shiek's sixth sheep's sick.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37913
From: weston@ucssun1.sdsu.edu (weston t)
Subject: graphical representation of vector-valued functions

gnuplot, etc. make it easy to plot real valued functions of 2 variables
but I want to plot functions whose values are 2-vectors. I have been 
doing this by plotting arrays of arrows (complete with arrowheads) but
before going further, I thought I would ask whether someone has already
done the work. Any pointers??

thanx in advance


Tom Weston                    | USENET: weston@ucssun1.sdsu.edu
Department of Philosophy      | (619) 594-6218 (office)
San Diego State Univ.         | (619) 575-7477 (home)
San Diego, CA 92182-0303      | 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37914
From: rap@coconut.cis.ufl.edu (Ryan Porter)
Subject: Re: DMORPH

In article <1993Apr3.183303.6442@usl.edu> jna8182@ucs.usl.edu (Armstrong Jay N) writes:
>Can someone please tell me where I can ftp DTA or DMORPH?

DMorf (Dave's Morph, I think is what it means) and DTax (Dave's 
TGA Assembler) are available in the MSDOS_UPLOADS directory
on the wuarchive.

They are arjed and bundled with their respective xmemory versions,
dmorfx.exe and dtax.exe, you can also find a version of aaplay.exe
there, with which you can view files you create with dta.exe or
dtax.exe.

I downloaded the whole bunch last week and have been morphing 
away the afternoons since.  The programmes are all a bit buggy and
definitely not-ready-to-spread-to-the-masses, but they are very
well written. 

The interface is frustrating at first, but it gets easy once you
figure out the tricks.

I have noticed that dmorfx will crash horribly if you try to morph
without using the splines option.  Not sure why, since I don't have
the source.  I think it was written for TP 6.0.

If anyone else comes up with any other hints on getting the thing 
to work right, tell me; it took me several hours the first time
just to figure out that if I just used the durned splines then 
it would work...

>JNA
>jna8182@usl.edu

-Ryan
rap@cis.ufl.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37915
From: kph2q@onyx.cs.Virginia.EDU (Kenneth Hinckley)
Subject:   VOICE INPUT -- vendor information needed


Hello,
     I am looking to add voice input capability to a user interface I am
developing on an HP730 (UNIX) workstation.  I would greatly appreciate 
information anyone would care to offer about voice input systems that are 
easily accessible from the UNIX environment. 

     The names or adresses of applicable vendors, as well as any 
experiences you have had with specific systems, would be very helpful.

     Please respond via email; I will post a summary if there is 
sufficient interest.


Thanks,
Ken


P.S.  I have found several impressive systems for IBM PC's, but I would 
like to avoid the hassle of purchasing and maintaining a separate PC if 
at all possible.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ken Hinckley (kph2q@virginia.edu)
University of Virginia 
Neurosurgical Visualization Laboratory
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37916
From: joth@ersys.edmonton.ab.ca (Joe Tham)
Subject: Where can I find SIPP?

        I recently got a file describing a library of rendering routines 
called SIPP (SImple Polygon Processor).  Could anyone tell me where I can 
FTP the source code and which is the newest version around?
        Also, I've never used Renderman so I was wondering if Renderman 
is like SIPP?  ie. a library of rendering routines which one uses to make 
a program that creates the image...

                                        Thanks,  Joe Tham

--
Joe Tham              joth@ersys.edmonton.ab.ca 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37917
From: andrey@cco.caltech.edu (Andre T. Yew)
Subject: Re: 16 million vs 65 thousand colors

d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen) writes:

>1-4 bits per R/G/B gives horrible machbanding visible in almost any picture.

>5 bits per R/G/B (32768, 65000 colors) gives visible machbanding

>color-gradient picture has _almost_ no machbanding. This color-resolution is 

>see some small machbanding on the smooth color-gradient picture, but all in all,
>There _ARE_ situiations where you get visible mach-banding even in
>a 24 bit card. If
>you create a very smooth color gradient of dark-green-white-yellow
>or something and turn
>up the contrast on the monitor, you will probably see some mach-banding.

    While I don't mean to damn Henrik's attempt to be helpful here,
he's using a common misconception that should be corrected.

    Mach banding will occur for any image.  It is not the color
quantization you see when you don't have enough bits.  It is the
human eye's response to transitions or edges between intensities.
The result is that colors near the transistion look brighter on
the brighter side and darker on the darker side.

--Andre

-- 
             Andre Yew andrey@cco.caltech.edu (131.215.139.2)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37918
From: oehler@picard.cs.wisc.edu (Eric Oehler)
Subject: Translating TTTDDD to DXF or Swiv3D.

I am a Mac-user when it comes to graphics (that's what I own software and hardware for) and
I've recently come across a large number of TTTDDD format modeling databases.  Is there any
software, mac or unix, for translating those to something I could use, like DXF?  Please
reply via email.

Thanx.
Eric Oehler
oehler@picard.cs.wisc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37921
From: alex@talus.msk.su (Alex Kolesov)
Subject: Help on RenderMan language wanted!

Hello everybody !

If you are using PIXAR'S RenderMan 3D scene description language for creating 3D worlds, please, help me. 

I'm using RenderMan library on my NeXT but there is no documentation about NeXTSTEP version of RenderMan available. I can create very complicated scenes and render them using surface shaders, 
but I can not bring them to life by applying shadows and reflections.

As far as I understand I have to define environmental and shadows maps to produce reflections and shadows, but I do not know how to use them.

Any advises or simple RIB or C examples will be appreciated.
Thanks in advance...

---
Alex Kolesov                             Moscow, Russia.
Talus Imaging & Communications Corporation
e-mail: <alex@talus.msk.su> 		(NeXT mail accepted)  			   
.   

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37922
From: rowlands@pocomoco.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Jon Rowlands)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <1pp991$t63@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
writes:
>In article <1993Apr5.040819.14943@kpc.com> hollasch@kpc.com (Steve
>Hollasch) writes:
>>
>>    I think you're proposal would work to get an extra one, maybe two extra
>>bits of color resolution.  However, if you had a display that chould do only
>>zero or full intensity for each primary, I don't think you'd get great
>>equivalent 24-bit photographs.
>
>I have not suggested to do so; I wrote about problems, and the problem
>were clearly visible with 7 bit b&w images; not to mention 24 bit images.

[ description of experiment deleted ]

>If the 1 bit images are viewed quickly and in sync with screen,
>then 100 intensities could be better than we have -- I dunno.

[ more deleted ]

>In any case, getting black color with slow machines is problem.
>I could try it on our 8 bit screens but I don't know how to
>render pixels with X in constant time. I recall our double buffer
>has other image color and one b&w -- that doesn't help either.
>Maybe I should dump photos to screen with low level code; how?

A few years ago a friend and I took some 256 grey-level photos from
a 1 bit Mac Plus screen using this method. Displaying all 256 levels
synchronized to the 60Hz display took about 10 seconds. After
experimenting with different aperture settings and screen
brightnesses we found a range that worked well, giving respectable
contrast. The quality of the images was pretty good. There were no
visible contrast bands.

To minimize the exposure time the display program built 255
different 1 bit frames. The first contained a dot only for pixels
that had value 255, the second only for pixels that had value 254,
etc. These frames were stored using a sparse data structure that was
very fast to 'or' onto the screen in sequence. Creating these
frames sometimes took 5-10 minutes on that old Mac, but the camera
shutter was closed during that time anyway. And yes, we wrote
directly to the screen memory. Mea culpa.

Our biggest problem was that small images were displayed in the
top left corner of the screen instead of the center. It took
an extra week to have the film developed and printed, because the
processors took the trouble to manually move the all images into
the center of the print. Who'd have guessed?

regards,
Jon Rowlands

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37923
From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <C51C4r.BtG@csc.ti.com> rowlands@hc.ti.com (Jon Rowlands) writes:
>
>A few years ago a friend and I took some 256 grey-level photos from
>a 1 bit Mac Plus screen using this method. Displaying all 256 levels
>synchronized to the 60Hz display took about 10 seconds.

Why didn't you create 8 grey-level images, and display them for
1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128... time slices?

This requires the same total exposure time, and the same precision in
timing, but drastically reduces the image-preparation time, no?






-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37924
From: lex@optimla.aimla.com (Lex van Sonderen)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <h1p4s4g@zola.esd.sgi.com> erik@westworld.esd.sgi.com (Erik Fortune) writes:
>> better than CDI
>*Much* better than CDI.
Of course, I do not agree.  It does have more horsepower.  Horsepower is not
the only measurement for 'better'.  It does not have full motion, full screen
video yet.  Does it have CD-ROM XA?

>> starting in the 4 quarter of 1993
>The first 3DO "multiplayer" will be manufactured by panasonic and will be 
>available late this year.   A number of other manufacturers are reported to 
>have 3DO compatible boxes in the works.
Which other manufacturers?
We shall see about the date.

>All this information is third hand or so and worth what you paid for it:-).
This is second hand, but it still hard to look to the future ;-).

Lex van Sonderen
lex@aimla.com
Philips Interactive Media

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37925
From: teckjoo@iti.gov.sg (Chua Teck Joo)
Subject: Visuallib (3D graphics for Windows)


I am currently looking for a 3D graphics library that runs on MS
Windows 3.1.  Are there any such libraries out there other than
Visuallib?  (It must run on VGA and should not require any other
add-on graphics cards).

For Visuallib, will it run with Metaware High C compiler v3.0?  Any
email contact for the author of Visuallib?

Any help would be much appreciated.  Thanks.


-- 
* Chua, Teck Joo	    | Information Technology Institute *
* Email: teckjoo@iti.gov.sg | 71 Science Park Drive	       *
* Phone: (65) 772-0237 	    | Singapore (0511)		       *
* Fax:   (65) 779-1827      |			   	       *

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37926
From: cst@garfield.catt.ncsu.edu (Caroline Tsang)
Subject: Graphics Library Package

Hi all,

  I am looking for a recommandation on a good royalty free graphics
library package for C and C++ program.  This is mainly use to write
children games and education software.  I heard someone mentioned Genus
and also GFX ?  Are they any good?

Please pardon me if my question sounds a little strange, I am asking
this question for a friend.

Thanks in advance!

Caroline Tsang
<cst@garfield.catt.ncsu.edu>
  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37927
From: bprofane@netcom.com (Gert Niewahr)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <C51Eyz.4Ix@optimla.aimla.com> lex@optimla.aimla.com (Lex van Sonderen) writes:
>In article <h1p4s4g@zola.esd.sgi.com> erik@westworld.esd.sgi.com (Erik Fortune) writes:
>>> better than CDI
>>*Much* better than CDI.
>Of course, I do not agree.  It does have more horsepower.  Horsepower is not
>the only measurement for 'better'.  It does not have full motion, full screen
>video yet.  Does it have CD-ROM XA?
>
>>> starting in the 4 quarter of 1993
>>The first 3DO "multiplayer" will be manufactured by panasonic and will be 
>>available late this year.   A number of other manufacturers are reported to 
>>have 3DO compatible boxes in the works.
>Which other manufacturers?
>We shall see about the date.

A 3DO marketing rep. recently offered a Phillips marketing rep. a $100
bet that 3DO would have boxes on the market on schedule.  The Phillips
rep. declined the bet, probably because he knew that 3DO players are
already in pre-production manufacturing runs, 6 months before the
commercial release date.

By the time of commercial release, there will be other manufacturers of
3DO players announced and possibly already tooling up production.  Chip
sets will be in full production.  The number of software companies
designing titles for the box will be over 300.

How do I know this?  I was at a bar down the road from 3DO headquarters
last week.  Some folks were bullshitting a little too loudly about
company business.

>>All this information is third hand or so and worth what you paid for it:-).
>This is second hand, but it still hard to look to the future ;-).
>
>Lex van Sonderen
>lex@aimla.com
>Philips Interactive Media
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

 What an impartial source!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37928
From: hl7204@eehp22 (H L)
Subject: Re: Graphics Library Package

  


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37929
From: steveq@DIALix.oz.au (Steve Quartly)
Subject: WANTED: SIRD Alogorythmn

Hi,

I'm interested in writing a program to generate a SIRD picture, you know
the stereogram where you cross your eyes and the picture becomes 3D.

Does anyone have one or know where I can get one?

Please e-mail to steveq@sndcrft.DIALix.oz.au with any replies.

Many thanks for your help.

Steve Q.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37930
From: ari@tahko.lpr.carel.fi (Ari Suutari)
Subject: Any graphics packages available for AIX ?


	Does anybody know if there are any good 2d-graphics packages
	available for IBM RS/6000 & AIX ? I'm looking for something
	like DEC's GKS or Hewlett-Packards Starbase, both of which
	have reasonably good support for different output devices
	like plotters, terminals, X etc.

	I have tried also xgks from X11 distribution and IBM's implementation
	of Phigs. Both of them work but we require more output devices
	than just X-windows.

	Our salesman at IBM was not very familiar with graphics and
	I am not expecting for any good solutions from there.


		Ari

---

	Ari Suutari			ari@carel.fi
	Carelcomp Oy
	Lappeenranta
	FINLAND


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37931
From: wijkstra@fwi.uva.nl (Marcel Wijkstra (AIO))
Subject: Re: BW hardcopy of colored window?

mars@ixos.de (Martin Stein) writes:

#I use xwd/xpr (from the X11R5 dist.) and various programs of the
#ppm-tools to print hardcopies of colored X windows. My problem is,

I don't like xpr. It gives (at least, the X11R4 version does) louzy
output: the hardcopy looks very grainy to me.
Instead, I use pnmtops. This takes full advantage PostScript, and
lets the printer do the dirty job of dithering a (graylevel)
image to black and white dots.

So: if you have a PostScript printer, try:
	xwdtopnm <xwdfile> |	# convert to PPM
	[ppmtopgm |]		# .. to graylevel for smaller file to print
	pnmtops -noturn |	# .. to PostScript
	lpr			# print

pnmtops Has several neat options, but use them with care:
If you want your image to be 4" wide, use:
	pnmtops -noturn -scale 100 -width 4
-noturn Prevents the image from being rotated (if it is wider than it
	is high)
-width 4 Specifies the PAPER width (not the image width - see below)
-scale 100 Is used because if the image is small, it may fit within a
	width less than 4", and will thus be printed smaller than 4" wide.
	If you first scale it up a lot, it will certainly not fit in 4", and
	will be scaled down by pnmtops automatically to fit the specified
	paper width. 
	In short: pnmtops will scale an image down to fit the paper size,
	but it will not blow it up automatically.

Hope this helps.
Marcel.
-- 
 X	   Marcel Wijkstra   AIO   (wijkstra@fwi.uva.nl)
|X|	     Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science	
 X	       University of Amsterdam   The Netherlands
======Life stinks. Fortunately, I've got a cold.========

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37932
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: More gray levels out of the screen

In article <1993Apr6.011605.909@cis.uab.edu> sloan@cis.uab.edu
(Kenneth Sloan) writes:
>
>Why didn't you create 8 grey-level images, and display them for
>1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128... time slices?

By '8 grey level images' you mean 8 items of 1bit images?
It does work(!), but it doesn't work if you have more than 1bit
in your screen and if the screen intensity is non-linear.

With 2 bit per pixel; there could be 1*c_1 + 4*c_2 timing,
this gives 16 levels, but they are linear if screen intensity is
linear.
With 1*c_1 + 2*c_2 it works, but we have to find the best
compinations -- there's 10 levels, but 16 choises; best 10 must be
chosen. Different compinations for the same level, varies a bit, but
the levels keeps their order.

Readers should verify what I wrote... :-)

Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37933
From: renouar@amertume.ufr-info-p7.ibp.fr (Renouard Olivier)
Subject: LOOKING for CTDS !

I can't find CTDS (Connect The Dots Smoother) in France. If it is a commercial
program I'll happily pay whatever it may cost (do not take it litterally).
Please help!
I have *LOTS* of PoV sources, texture images and animations though, if you
are looking for something, just tell.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37934
From: renouar@amertume.ufr-info-p7.ibp.fr (Renouard Olivier)
Subject: Re: POV previewer

Actually I am trying to write something like this but I encounter some
problems, amongst them:

- drawing a 3d wireframe view of a quadric/quartic requires that you have
the explicit equation of the quadric/quartic (x, y, z functions of some
parameters). How to convert the implicit equation used by PoV to an
explicit one? Is it mathematically always possible?

I don't have enough math to find out by myself, has anybody heard about
useful books on the subject?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37935
From: dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil
Subject: Re: Real Time Graphics??

In article <C4vA9r.KK7@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil>, stockel@oahu.oc.nps.navy.mil (Jim Stockel) writes:
> Hi,
> 
> I will be writing a data acquisition program to collect data from a
> variety of sources including RS232, and external A/D's, and I would
> like to be able to display the data in near realtime.  I've done this
> type of thing on PC's and other machines, but I am unaware of any graphics
> package that could help me with this on a UNIX machine.
> 
> .......
> 
> Does anyone have any ideas on commercial or "free" packages that might
> suit my needs?  I would really appreciate any input.  I'm sure this has
> been done many times before.
> 

  For a commerical package try WAVE from  Precision Visuals
                                           505-530-6563

  For a free package try KHOROS from University of New Mexico
                                      508-277-6563
                                   ftp from
                              ptrg.eece.unm.edu

    Login in anonyomus or ftp  with a valid email address as the password
               cd /pub/khoros/release

   That will get you to the right place.

                                                         David

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37936
From: scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe)
Subject: BGI Drivers for SVGA

I require BGI drivers for Super VGA Displays and Super XVGA Displays. Does 
anyone know where I could obtain the relevant drivers ? (FTP sites ??)

	Regards


		Simon Crowe





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37937
From: d91-fad@tekn.hj.se (DANIEL FALK)
Subject: RE: VESA on the Speedstar 24

>>>kjb/MGL/uvesa32.zip
>>>
>>>This is a universal VESA driver.  It supports most video
>>>boards/chipsets (include the Speedstar-24 and -24X) up to
>>>24 bit color.
>>>
>>>Terry
>>>
>>>P.S.  I've tried it on a Speedstar-24 and -24X and it works. :)

>>Not with all software. :( For instance it doesn't work at all with
>>Animator Pro from Autodesk. It can't detect ANY SVGA modes when 
>>running UniVESA. This is really a problem as we need a VESA driver
>>for both AA Pro and some hi-color stuff. :(

>Just out of curiosity... Are you using the latest version (3.2)?  Versions
>previous to this did not fill in all of the capabilities bits and other
>information correctly.  I had problems with a lot of software until I got
>this version.  (I don't think the author got around to posting an 
>announcementof it (or at least I missed it), but 3.2 was available in the 
>directory indicated as of 3/29.)

I sure did use version 3.2. It works fine with most software but NOT
with Animator Pro and that one is quite important to me. Pretty
useless program without that thing working IMHO.
So I hope the author can fix that.

/Daniel...




=============================================================================
!!      Daniel Falk          \\  " Don't quote me! No comments! "          !! 
!!      ^^^^^^ ^^^^           \\               Ebenezum the Great Wizard   !! 
!!      d91-fad@tekn.hj.se     \\                                          !!
!!      d91fad@hjds90.hj.se    //  Also known as the mega-famous musician  !!
!!      Jkpg, Sweeeeeden...    \\         Leinad of The Yellow Ones        !!
=============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37938
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: (None set)

==============================================================================
Bear with me i'm new at this game, but could anyone explain exactly what DMORF
does, does it simply fade one bitmap into another or does it re shape one bitma
p into another. Please excuse my ignorance, i' not even sure if i've posted thi
s message correctly.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37939
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: HELP WANTED FOR DMORF.......!

==============================================================================
Please bear with me as i am new at this game, i apologize unreservedly if i hav
e posted another message earlier by mistake. but i digress, could anyone out th
ere please explain exactly what DMORF does (dtax.exe). Does it simply fade one
bitmap into another or does it reshape one bitmap into another. Excuse my ignor
ance.....

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37940
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: test....(sorry)

==============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37941
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

They need a hit software product to encourage software sales of the product,
i.e. the Pong, Pacman, VisiCalc, dBase, or Pagemaker of multi-media.
There are some multi-media and digital television products out there already,
albeit, not as capable as 3DO's.  But are there compelling reasons to buy
such yet?  Perhaps someone in this news group will write that hit software :-)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37942
Subject: Technical Help Sought
From: jiu1@husc11.harvard.edu (Haibin Jiu)

Hi!  I am in immediate need for details of various graphics compression
techniques.  So if you know where I could obtain descriptions of algo-
rithms or public-domain source codes for such formats as JPEG, GIF, and
fractals, I would be immensely grateful if you could share the info with
me.  This is for a project I am contemplating of doing.

Thanks in advance.  Please reply via e-mail if possible.

--hBJ

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37943
From: srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz)
Subject: Surface normal orientations

Some rendering programs require that all surface normals point in the same
direction.  (ie: On a closed cube, all normals point outwards).  You can use
the points on the faces to determine the direction of the normal, by making
sure that all points are either in clockwise or counter-clockwise order.

How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
set of points, edges and faces?   Say that you had a cube with all faces that 
have their normals facing outwards, except for one face.  What's the
best way to realize that face is "flipped", and should have it's points
re-ordered?   I thought I had a good way of telling this, but then realized
that the algorithm I had would only tell you if you had points in clockwise
order for a 2d polygon.  I'd like something for 3d data.

Any hints, tips, references would be appreciated.

Steve
-- 
Where humor is concerned there are no standards -- no one can say what is good 
or bad, although you can be sure that everyone will.  -- John Kenneth Galbraith
------- These opinions are my own.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37944
From: egerter@gaul.csd.uwo.ca (Barry Egerter)
Subject: Re: Graphics Library Package


	WGT is the WordUp Graphics Toolkit, designed by yours truly and my
co-programmer (and brother) Chris Egerter. It is a Turbo/Borland C++ graphics
library for programming in 320*200*256 VGA. We are currently producing it as
shareware, but in a few years it may be a commercial product (excuse typos,
there's no backspace on this terminal). Features include:

- loading and saving bit-images (called blocks from herein)
- flipping, resizing and warping blocks
- loading and saving palette, fading, several in memory at once
- graphics primitives such as line, circle, bar, rectangle
- region fill (not the usually useless floodfill)
- sprites (animated bitmaps), up to 200 onscreen at once
- joystick/mouse support
- SB support (VOC and CMF)
- tile-based game creation using 16*16 pixel tiles to create
  a 320*200 tile map (or game world) like in Duke Nuke 'Em
- number of sprites increased to 1000
- Professional Sprite Creator utility and Map Maker
-  routines to simplify scrolling games using maps, etc
- FLI playing routines, sprites can be animated over the FLI while playing
- PCX support, soon GIF
- EMS/XMS coming soon as well

Leave E-mail to Barry Egerter at    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca

Files available on:      (use  mget wgt*.zip)

SIMTEL20 and mirrors                pd1:<msdos.turbo-c>

nic.funet.fi                        pub/msdos/games/programming

Some sites may not have recent files, contact me for info regarding the up-to-
date information.










Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37945
From: IMAGING.CLUB@OFFICE.WANG.COM ("Imaging Club")
Subject: Re: Signature Image Database

Contact Signaware Corp
800-4583820
800 6376564

-------------------------------- Original Memo --------------------------------
BCC:     Vincent Wall                   From:      Imaging Club
Subject: Signature verification  ?      Date Sent: 05/04/93

sci.image.processing
From: yyqi@ece.arizona.edu (Yingyong Qi)
Subject: Signature Image Database
Organization: U of Arizona Electrical and Computer Engineering

Hi, All:

Could someone tell me if there is a database of handwriting signature
images available for evaluating signature verification systems.

Thanks.

YY

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37946
From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In article <1993Apr6.175117.1848@cis.uab.edu> sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan) writes:

A brilliant algorithm.  *NOT*

Seriously - it's correct, up to a sign change.  The flaw is obvious, and
will therefore not be shown.

sorry about that.



-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37947
From: pallis@server.uwindsor.ca (PALLIS  DIMITRIOS        )
Subject: Re: Genoa Blitz 24 hits 1600x1200x256 NI !

i am sorry, but this genoa card does nothing that the ATI ultra plus 2mb
can't do, PLUS the ATI costs 330$US street price ....


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37948
From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In article <1pscti$aqe@travis.csd.harris.com> srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz) writes:
>...
>How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
>set of points, edges and faces? 

Look for edge inconsistencies.  Consider two vertices, p and q, which
are connected by at least one edge.

If (p,q) is an edge, then (q,p) should *not* appear.  

If *both* (p,q) and (q,p) appear as edges, then the surface "flips" when
you travel across that edge.  This is bad.  

Assuming (warning...warning...warning) that you have an otherwise
acceptable surface - you can pick an edge, any edge, and traverse the
surface enforcing consistency with that edge.  

    0) pick an edge (p,q), and mark it as "OK"
    1) for each face, F, containing this edge (if more than 2, oops)
       make sure that all edges in F are consistent (i.e., the Face
       should be [(p,q),(q,r),(r,s),(s,t),(t,p)]).  Flip those which
       are wrong. Mark all of the edges in F as "OK",
       and add them to a queue (check for duplicates, and especially
       inconsistencies - don't let the queue have both (p,q) and (q,p)). 
    2) remove an edge from the queue, and go to 1).

If a *marked* edge is discovered to be inconsistent, then you lose.

If step 1) finds more than one face sharing a particular edge, then you
lose. 
    
Otherwise, when done, all of the edges will be consistent.  Which means
that all of the surface normals will either point IN or OUT.  Deciding
which way is OUT is left as an exercise...



-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37949
From: gavin@krypton.asd.sgi.com (Gavin Bell)
Subject: Re: Surface normal orientations

In <1pscti$aqe@travis.csd.harris.com> srp@travis.csd.harris.com (Stephen Pietrowicz) writes:
>How do you go about orienting all normals in the same direction, given a 
>set of points, edges and faces?

This algorithm works well for me:

Algorithm to attempt to find outward-facing normals:
---------------------------------------------------
First, mark all faces as UNKNOWN.

Then create an edge dictionary that allows you to find all of the
faces sharing a given edge (where an edge is two integers representing
the two shared vertices).

Pick an arbitrary face and mark it COUNTER_CLOCKWISE.  Using the edge
dictionary, orient all surrounding faces based on the orientation of
this face.  And recurse for all surrounding faces, consistently
orienting the entire surface.

Find the average of the vertices in this surface.  Using that point,
calculate a volume measurement, taking into account the face's
orientation.  If the volume turns out to be positive, assume the faces
are oriented correctly.  If it is negative, reverse their orientations
(mark them CLOCKWISE).

If any faces are still UNKNOWN after this, choose another face
and go through the algorithm again.

At the end, faces marked CLOCKWISE must have their indices reversed
before facet normals are found.

(Note: if you are running on Silicon Graphics machines and buy the
IRIS Inventor 3D toolkit developers package you have the source to
this algorithm-- see /usr/src/Inventor/tools/ivnorm/.  If you're
not... sorry, I can't give out the source, and even if I could it
relies heavily on Inventor).
--
--gavin     (gavin@sgi.com,  (415)390-1024)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37950
From: d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen)
Subject: Re: 16 million vs 65 thousand colors

andrey@cco.caltech.edu (Andre T. Yew) writes:

>d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se (Henrik Harmsen) writes:

>>1-4 bits per R/G/B gives horrible machbanding visible in almost any picture.

>>5 bits per R/G/B (32768, 65000 colors) gives visible machbanding

>>color-gradient picture has _almost_ no machbanding. This color-resolution is 

>>see some small machbanding on the smooth color-gradient picture, but all in all,
>>There _ARE_ situiations where you get visible mach-banding even in
>>a 24 bit card. If
>>you create a very smooth color gradient of dark-green-white-yellow
>>or something and turn
>>up the contrast on the monitor, you will probably see some mach-banding.

>    While I don't mean to damn Henrik's attempt to be helpful here,
>he's using a common misconception that should be corrected.

>    Mach banding will occur for any image.  It is not the color
>quantization you see when you don't have enough bits.  It is the
>human eye's response to transitions or edges between intensities.
>The result is that colors near the transistion look brighter on
>the brighter side and darker on the darker side.

>--Andre

Yeah, of course... The term 'mach banding' was not the correct one, it should've
been 'color quantization effect'. Although a bad color quantization effect could
result in some visible mach-bands on a picture that was smooth before it was
quantizised.

--
Henrik Harmsen     Internet:  d9hh@dtek.chalmers.se
               Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. 
      "I haven't lost my mind -- it's backed up on tape somewhere."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37951
From: dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil
Subject: Re: Real Time Graphics??

In article <1993Apr5.114428.2061@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil>, dsnyder@falcon.aamrl.wpafb.af.mil writes:
> In article <C4vA9r.KK7@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil>, stockel@oahu.oc.nps.navy.mil (Jim Stockel) writes:
>> Hi,
>> 
>> 


 Opps!  typed in the phone numbers wrong.  Here are the correct numbers.

> 
>   For a commerical package try WAVE from  Precision Visuals


                                            303-530-9000

> 
>   For a free package try KHOROS from University of New Mexico


                                       505-277-6563


>                                    ftp from
>                               ptrg.eece.unm.edu
> 
>     Login in anonyomus or ftp  with a valid email address as the password
>                cd /pub/khoros/release

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37952
From: bsaffo01@cad.gmeds.com (Brian H. Safford)
Subject: IGES Viewer for DOS/Windows

Anybody know of an IGES Viewer for DOS/Windows? I need to be able to display 
ComputerVision IGES files on a PC running Windows 3.1. Thanks in advance.

+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Brian H. Safford           EMAIL: bsaffo01@cad.gmeds.com  |
| Electronic Data Systems    PHONE: (313) 696-6302          |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| NOTE: The views and opinions expressed herein are mine,   |
| and DO NOT reflect those of Electronic Data Systems Corp. |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37953
From: brr1@ns1.cc.lehigh.edu (BRANT RICHARD RITTER)
Subject: computer graphics to vcr?


    HELP   MY FRIEND AND I HAVE A CLASS PROJECT IN WHICH WE ARE TRYING TO MAKE
    A COMPUTER ANIMATED MOVIE OF SORTS WITH THE DISNEY ANIMATION AND WOULD
    LIKE TO PUT WHAT WE HAVE ON A VCR IS THIS POSSIBLE?  IS IT EASY AND
    RELATIVELY CHEAP? IF SO HOW? WE BOTH HAVE 386 IBM COMPATIBLES BUT ARE
    RELATIVELY CLUELESS WITH COMPUTERS IF YOU COULD HELP PLEASE DO.

                                THANX.
-- 
BRANT RITTER
-----------------------------------------------------
moshing--   "a cosmic cesspool of physical delight."
                                  -A. Kiedas
                                     RHCP
-----------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37954
From: mbh2@engr.engr.uark.edu (M. Barton Hodges)
Subject: Stereoscopic imaging

I am interested in any information on stereoscopic imaging on a sun
workstation.  For the most part, I need to know if there is any hardware
available to interface the system and whether the refresh rates are
sufficient to produce quality image representations.  Any information
about the subject would be greatly appreciated.

    Thanks!


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37955
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In article <7155@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
> One thing:  a small change in initial conditions can cause a huge
> change in final conditions.  There are certain things about the way
> the plate tektoniks and volcanic activity effect a land scape that
> is, while not entirely random, unpredictable.  This is also true with
> fractals, so one could also conclude that you could model this
> fractally. 

Yeah, and it's also true most long complicated sequences of events,
calculations, or big computer programs in general.  I don't argue
that you can get similar and maybe useful results from fractals, I
just question whether you >should<.

The fractal fiends seem to be saying that any part of a system that we
can't model should be replaced with a random number generator.  That
has been useful, for instance, in making data more palatable to human
perception or for torture testing the rest of the system, but I don't
think it has much to do with fractals, and I certainly would rather
that the model be improved in a more explicable manner.

I guess I just haven't seen all these earth-shaking fractal models
that explain and correlate to the universe as it actually exists.  I
really hope I do, but I'm not holding my self-similar breath.

> There is one other thing that fractals are good for:  fractal
> image compression.

Uh huh.  I'll believe it when I see it.  I've been chasing fractal
compression for a few years, and I still don't believe in it.  If it's so
great, how come we don't see it competing with JPEG?  'Cause it can't,
I'll wager.

Actually, I have wagered, I quit trying to make fractal compression
work- and I was trying- because I don't think it's a reasonable
alternative to other techniques.  It is neat, though. :-)

I'll reiterate my disbelief that everything is fractal.  That's why I
don't think fractal compression as it is widely explained is
practical.  I know Barnsley and Sloan have some tricks up their
sleeves that make their demos work, but I don't see anyone using it in a
real product.  It's been six years since Iterated Systems was formed,
right?

	"There are always going to be questions until there's a product
	out there," Sloan replies.  The company plans to ship its first
	encoding devices in the summer, he says.  In March, Iterated
	Systems will have the other half of the system: the decoders.

		- Scientific American, March 1990, page 77

Allen B (Don't even get me started :-) )

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37956
From: ranjan@cs.ubc.ca (Vishwa Ranjan)
Subject: Complex (i.e. with real and imaginary parts) bio-medical images..

Are  complex  bio-medical  images  available  anywhere on the net for 
experimentation?  By complex I mean that every sampled data point has 
a magnitude and phase information both. 

Thanks for any pointers,
--Vishwa


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37957
From: sas58295@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Lord Soth       )
Subject: MPEG for MS-DOS

Does anyone know where I can FTP MPEG for DOS from?  Thanks for any
help in advance.  Email is preferred but posting is fine.

				Scott


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Lord Soth, Knight |||| email to --> LordSoth@uiuc                ||||||||
| of the Black Rose |||| NeXT to ---> sas58295@sumter.cso.uiuc.edu ||||||||
|   @}--'-,--}--    |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|    I have no clue what I want to say in here so I won't say anything.   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37958
From: jack@shograf.com (Jack Ritter)
Subject: Help!!

I need a complete list of all the polygons
that there are, in order.

I'll summarize to the net.


--------------------------------------------------------
   "If only I had been compiled with the '-g' option."
---------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37959
From: geoffrey@cosc.canterbury.ac.nz (Geoff Thomas)
Subject: Re: Help! 256 colors display in C.


You'll probably have to set the palette up before you try drawing
in the new colours.

Use the bios interrupt calls to set the r g & b values (in the range
from 0-63 for most cards) for a particular palette colour (in the
range from 0-255 for 256 colour modes).

Then you should be able to draw pixels in those palette values and
the result should be ok.

You might have to do a bit of colourmap compressing if you have
more than 256 unique rgb triplets, for a 256 colour mode.


Geoff Thomas			geoffrey@cosc.canterbury.ac.nz
Computer Science Dept.
University of Canterbury
Private Bag				+-------+
Christchurch				| Oook! |
New Zealand				+-------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37960
From: tessmann@cs.ubc.ca (Markus Tessmann)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:

>They need a hit software product to encourage software sales of the product,
>i.e. the Pong, Pacman, VisiCalc, dBase, or Pagemaker of multi-media.
>There are some multi-media and digital television products out there already,
>albeit, not as capable as 3DO's.  But are there compelling reasons to buy
>such yet?  Perhaps someone in this news group will write that hit software :-)

I've just had the good fortune to be hired by Electronic Arts as Senior
Computer Graphics Artist at the Vancouver, Canada office.  :^)

The timing has a lot to do with the 3DO which EA is putting a lot of resources
into.  I do not know of any titles to be developed as yet but will be happy to
post as things develop.  I start there May 3.

	Markus Tessmann

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37961
From: johnsh@rpi.edu (Hugh Johnson)
Subject: Re: QuickTime movie available

In article <johnsh-040493161915@mustang.stu.rpi.edu>, I wrote:
> 
> I've used the recently-released Macintosh application MPEG to QuickTime to
> convert the excellent MPEG "canyon.mpg" into a QuickTime movie.  While
> anyone who would want this movie is perfectly able to convert it
> themselves, I thought I'd let the net know that I'd be glad to mail copies
> of mine out.  The movie conversion took close to SIX HOURS on my poor
> little IIcx; in other words, unless you've got a Quadra, you might not want
> to tie up your machine in converting this file.
> 
> The movie is a fast fly-through of a fractal-generated canyon landscape. 
> The movie is 58 seconds long, and uses the compact video compressor (i.e.,
> QuickTime v1.5).  The movie looks okay on 8-bit displays, and looks
> absolutely awesome on 16- and 24-bit displays.
> 
> I'd be happy to mail this movie to the first 20 or so people who ask for
> it.  The only caveat is you need to be able to receive a nine-megabyte mail
> message (the movie was stuff-it'ed down to seven megs, but binhex ruined
> that party).  If more then 20 people want this movie, then it's just more
> evidence that the net needs a dedicated QuickTime FTP archive site.  C'mon,
> someone's gotta have a spare 1.2GB drive out there...

Okay, I've received a whole lot of requests for the movie, so for
simplicity's sake I can't mail out any more than I've already received (as
of 16:30 EDT, Tuesday).  Maybe it'll pop up on a site sooner or later.

==============================================================================
Hugh Johnson (johnsh@rpi.edu)    | 
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute |            Welcome to Macintosh.
Troy, New York, USA              |
==============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37962
From: george@ccmail.larc.nasa.gov (George M. Brown)
Subject: QC/MSC code to view/save images

Dear Binary Newsers,

I am looking for Quick C or Microsoft C code for image decoding from file for
VGA viewing and saving images from/to GIF, TIFF, PCX, or JPEG format. I have
scoured the Internet, but its like trying to find a Dr. Seuss spell checker 
TSR. It must be out there, and there's no need to reinvent the wheel.

Thanx in advance.

//////////////

 The Internet is like a Black Hole....

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 37963
Subject: AutoCAD -> TIFF Can it be done????
From: cvadrmaz@vmsb.is.csupomona.edu

Hello, I realize that this might be a FAQ but I have to ask since I don't get a
change to read this newsgroup very often.  Anyways for my senior project I need
to convert an AutoCad file to a TIFF file.  Please I don't need anyone telling
me that the AutoCAD file is a vector file and the TIFF is a bit map since I
have heard that about 100 times already I would just like to know if anyone
knows how to do this or at least point me to the right direction.

Any help greatly appreciated,
Matt Georgy

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38099
From: amjad@eng.umd.edu (Amjad A Soomro)
Subject: Gamma-Law Correction

Hi:

I am digitizing a NTSC signal and displaying on a PC video monitor.
It is known that the display response of tubes is non-linear and is
sometimes said to follow Gamma-Law. I am not certain if these
non-linearities are "Gamma-corrected" before encoding NTSC signals
or if the TV display is supposed to correct this.
 
Also, if  256 grey levels, for example, are coded in a C program do
these intensity levels appear with linear brightness on a PC
monitor? In other words does PC monitor display circuitry
correct for "gamma errrors"?
 
Your response is much appreciated.
 
Amjad.

Amjad Soomro
CCS, Computer Science Center
U. of Maryland at College Park
email: amjad@wam.umd.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38214
From: mlee@eng.sdsu.edu (Mike Lee)
Subject: MPEG for x-windows MONO needed.

Hello, and thank you for reading this request.  I have a Mpeg viewer for x-windows and it did not run because I was running it on a monochrome monitor.  I need the mono-driver for mpeg_play.   

Please post the location of the file or better yet, e-mail me at mlee@eng.sdsu.edu.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38215
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: thining algorithm

In article <1q7615INNmi@shelley.u.washington.edu> kshin@stein.u.washington.edu  
(Kevin Shin) writes:
> I am trying obtain program to preprocess handwriting characters.
> Like thining algorithm, graph alogrithm.
> Do anyone know where I can obtain those?

I usually use "Algorithms for graphics and image processing" by
Theodosios Pavlidis, but other people here got them same idea and now
3 of 4 copies in the libraries have been stolen!

Another reference is "Digital Image Processing" by Gonzalez and
Wintz/Wood, which is widely available but a little expensive ($55
here- I just checked today).

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38216
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <1993Apr10.160929.696@galki.toppoint.de> ulrich@galki.toppoint.de  
writes:
> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
> significance".
> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy,
> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

I'm sure it is, and I am not amused.  Every time I read that part of the
TIFF spec, it infuriates me- and I'm none too happy about the
complexity of the spec anyway- because I think their "arbitrary but
carefully chosen number" is neither.  Additionally, I find their
choice of 4 bytes to begin a file with meaningless of themselves- why
not just use the letters "TIFF"?

(And no, I don't think they should have bothered to support both word
orders either- and I've found that many TIFF readers actually
don't.)

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38217
From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

gchen@essex.ecn.uoknor.edu writes in article <C55DoH.2AI@constellation.ecn.uoknor.edu>:
> 
> Greetings!
> 
> Does anybody know if it is possible to set VGA graphics mode to 640x400
> instead of 640x480?  Any info is appreciated!

Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38218
From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

abraxis@iastate.edu writes in article <abraxis.734340159@class1.iastate.edu>:
> 
> Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?
> Micron is selling it with their systems They rank them at 50 winmarks...
> Any info would help...
> thanks.

It's supposedly a high-performance chip based upon workstation graphics
accelerators.  It's quite fast (I have 7), but as usual with new boards/chips
the drivers are buggy for Windows.  As far as Winmarks go, it depends upon
the version.  I think I got 42M winmarks with version 3.11.  2.5 yielded the
50+ number.  I've also benchmarked this with Wintach at over 65 (from memory
as well).

As far as the low-level stuff goes, it looks pretty nice.  It's got this
quadrilateral fill command that requires just the four points.

It's very fast, but beware of buggy drivers, and otherwise no non-windows
support.

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38219
From: lewism@aix.rpi.edu (Michael C. Lewis)
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

In article <lsk1v9INN93c@caspian.usc.edu> zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:
>
>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 
>Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

It is used to create a TIN (triangulated irregular network), which is
basically a bunch of triangles which form a surface over a group of
points.  What is special about it is that the triangles formed are the 
most equalateral possible.  Check out "Proceedings of AutoCarto N" where
N is 8..10.  Sorry, I don't have a specific reference describing the
process.
-Michael




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38220
From: rubery@saturn.aitc.rest.tasc.com. (Dan Rubery)
Subject: Graphic Formats

I am writing some utilies to convert Regis and Tektonic esacpe sequences  
into some useful formats. I would rather not have to goto a bitmap format.  
I can convert them to Window Meta FIles easily enough, but I would rather  
convert them to Corel Draw, .CDR, or MS Power Point, .PPT, files.  
Microsoft would not give me the format. I was wondering if anybody out  
there knows the formats for these two applications.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38221
From: aad@scr.siemens.com (Anthony A. Datri)
Subject: Re: Nice gif code

>There is a thing called xgif

xgif is the grandfather of XV.

-- 

======================================================================8--<

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38222
From: fischer@iesd.auc.dk (Lars Peter Fischer)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???


>>>>> "Archer" == Archer (Bad Cop) Surly (archer@elysium.esd.sgi.com)

Archer> How about "Interactive Sex with Madonna"?

or "Sexium" for short.

/Lars
--
Lars Fischer, fischer@iesd.auc.dk | It takes an uncommon mind to think of
CS Dept., Aalborg Univ., DENMARK. | these things.  -- Calvin

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38223
From: crash@ckctpa.UUCP (Frank "Crash" Edwards)
Subject: Re: forms for curses

Note the Followup-To: header ...

steelem@rintintin.Colorado.EDU (STEELE MARK A) writes:
>Is there a collection of forms routines that can be used with curses?
>If so where is it located?

On my SVR4 Amiga Unix box, I've got -lform, -lmenu, and -lpanel for
use with the curses library.  Guess what they provide? :-)

Unix Press, ie. Prentice-Hall, has a programmer's guide for these
tools, referred to as the FMLI (Forms Mgmt Language Interface) and
ETI (Extended Terminal Interface), now in it's 2nd edition.  It is
ISBN 0-13-020637-7.

Paraphrased from the outside back cover:

    FMLI is a high-level programming tool for creating menus, forms,
    and text frames.  ETI is a set of screen management library
    subroutines that promote fast development of application programs
    for window, panel, menu, and form manipulation.

The FMLI is a shell package which reads ascii text files and produces
screen displays for data entry and presentation.  It consists of a
"shell-like" environment of the "fmli" program and it's database
files.  It is section 1F in the Unix Press manual.

The ETI are subroutines, part of the 3X manual section, provide
support for a multi-window capability on an ordinary ascii terminal
with controls built on top of the curses library.

>Thanks
>-Mark Steele
>steelem@rintintin.colorado.edu

-- 
Frank "Crash" Edwards          Edwards & Edwards Consulting
Voice: 813/786-3675            crash%ckctpa@myrddin.sybus.com, but please
Data:  813/787-3675            don't ask UUNET to route it -- it's sloooow.
    There will be times in life when everyone you meet smiles and pats you on
    the back and tells you how great you are ... so hold on to your wallet.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38224
From: millernw@craft.camp.clarkson.edu (Neal Miller)
Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....

merkelbd@sage.cc.purdue.edu (Brian Merkel) writes:

>In article <1993Apr11.132604.13400@ornl.gov> ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles) writes:
>>
>>I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
>>SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
>>jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
>>
>>I'm looking for some way to convert and/or view them in 24 bit.
>>
>>I have UNIVESA (uvesa31.zip) and the DVPEG viewer but I don't get anything.
>>Perhaps I am not setting up UNIVESA properly?  If anyone has ideas about this
>>please feel free to enlighten me...
>>
>>Just want to see the darn things in real color...

>Image Alchemy (aka alchemy) will view the TGA files that POV outputs
> and just about any other format you can think of. It will also convert
> between all these. It's shareware, so it's probably available by FTP
> somwhere out there in netland...

        Yep... Alchemy works fine on my Tseng400+DAC, but I think I remember
reading that it only displays in 15-bit or so.  Of course, that's still 32K
colors which is nothing to sneeze at.  Use the --v flag.


--
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Neal Miller         | "Why not go mad?"  | millernw@craft.camp.clarkson.edu
 Clarkson University |     - Ford Prefect |     dark@craft.camp.clarkson.edu
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38225
From: trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell)
Subject: HOT NEW 3D Software

There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
3rd version....(1st) for the IBM.... it can do morphing, your standard key-framming animation, it is a raytracer (reflections & shadows), and can do/apply special FX to objects... (like ripple, explode, bounce) things of that nature.  Also it has algorithmic texture maps....and your standard brushmapping also...

you can have animated brushmaps...(ie. live video mapped on the objs)...
also animated backdrops (ie. live video backgrounds)
also animted reflections maps....

you get the idea.... it will run for about 500$ retail (I think)...

dont let the low price fool you.... this product can do it all when it
comes to 3D-animation and Renderering...!

also....does anyone here know how to get in the Imagine mailing list??
please e-mail me if you do or post up here....

oh...the number for IMPULSE is --->1 800 328 0184

trb3@ra.msstate.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38226
From: mbc@po.CWRU.Edu (Michael B. Comet)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software


In a previous article, trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell) says:

>There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
>IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
>
	Well....I don't know about its competing with 3D studio, but
it's pretty powerful allright.

>
>also....does anyone here know how to get in the Imagine mailing list??
>please e-mail me if you do or post up here....
>

	Yes, send e-mail to:

	imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com

	With a header of something like subscribe.


	I actually work on the FAQ (frequently asked questions).  We
should have the new version out of it by next week, but if you want, I
could e-mail you the previous one.  It details what the list is etc...
as well as answering basic questions about Imagine.

	Hope this helps!


-- 
+======================================================================+
|  Michael B. Comet -   Software Engineer / Graphics Artist  - CWRU    |
|  mbc@po.CWRU.Edu  - "Silence those who oppose the freedom of speech" |
+======================================================================+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38227
From: dutc0006@student.tc.umn.edu (David J Dutcher-1)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

In article <734553308snx@rjck.UUCP> rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko) writes:
>gchen@essex.ecn.uoknor.edu writes in article <C55DoH.2AI@constellation.ecn.uoknor.edu>:
>> 
>> Greetings!
>> 
>> Does anybody know if it is possible to set VGA graphics mode to 640x400
>> instead of 640x480?  Any info is appreciated!
>
>Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
>support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
>My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
>due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)
>
>--
>I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
>             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

	Ahh no.  Possibly you punched in the wrong numbers on your
calculator.  256 color modes take a byte per pixel so 640 time 480 is
307,200 which is 300k to be exact.  640x400x256 only takes 250k but I
don't think it is a BIOS mode.  I wouldn't bet that all VGA cards can do
that either.  If a VGA card has 512k I bet it can do both 640x400 and
640x480.  That by definition is SVGA, though not very high SVGA.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38228
From: pvconway@cudnvr.denver.colorado.edu
Subject: TIN files & coutours


Hi!
	I am working on a project that needs to create contour lines
from random data points.  The work that I have done so far tells me that I
need to look into Triangulated Irregular Networks (TIN), the Delauney
criiterion, and the Krige method.  Does anyone have any suggestions for
references, programs and hopefully source code for creating contours.  Any
help with this or any surface modeling would be greatly appreciated.
I can be reached at the addresses below:


			-- Paul Conway

PVCONWAY@COPPER.DENVER.COLORADO.EDU
PVCONWAY@CUDNVR.DENVER.COLORADO.EDU

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38229
From: mccool@dgp.toronto.edu (Michael McCool)
Subject: Apr 20 Toronto Siggraph Event


Toronto Siggraph 
================

What: ``Chance's Art'': 2D Graphics and Animation on the Indigo.

By:    Ken Evans, Imagicians Artware, Inc. 

When:  Tuesday 20 April 1993 7:00pm-9:00pm 

Where: The McLuhan Centre for Culture and Technology
       University of Toronto
       39A Queen's Park Crescent
       Toronto

Who:   Members and non-members alike 
       (non-members encouraged to become members...)

Abstract:

Imagicians Artware, Inc. is entering into early beta site testing on Silicon 
Graphics workstations of a new 2D abstract artwork and animation package called 
Chance's Art.  The package will be described and demonstrated, and some of the 
technical issues will be discussed.  Marketing plans will be outlined.  The 
talk will also present some of the technical and business problems increasingly 
confronting small startup software companies today, and some of the 
opportunities this situation presents.

Time after the event will be allocated for hands-on demonstrations to 
interested parties.  Silicon Graphics is graciously providing an Indigo for 
this event.  Myck Kupka will also be demonstrating his computerized interactive 
reflective stereoscope, which is installed upstairs in the McLuhan Centre, so 
feel free to drop by for a demonstration before or after the event. BTW, be 
sure to sing "Happy Birthday, Myck"...

The names of nominees for our Siggraph executive offices will be announced at 
this meeting.  Nominations will still be open until the election at our 
May 18th event; call Myck Kupka at 465-0943 or fax to 465-0729.  

Directions: The McLuhan Coachhouse is on the east side of Queen's Park 
Crescent, just NORTH of Wellesley, SOUTH of St. Joseph St., BEHIND (EAST of) 
39 Queen's Park Crescent, which is the centre for Mediaeval Studies.  

For information on Toronto Siggraph membership, contact Michael McCool via:
	Internet: mccool@dgp.utoronto.ca; 
	Voice: 652-8072/978-6619/978-6027; 
	Fax: 653-1654


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38230
From: Dave Watson <watson@maths.uwa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:

>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 

The Delaunay triangulation is the geometrical dual of the 
Voronoi tessellation and both constructions are derived from
natural neighbor order.

Aurenhammer, F., 1991, Voronoi Diagrams - A Survey of a 
Fundamental Geometric Data Structure:
ACM Computing Surveys, 23(3), p. 345-405. 

Okabe, A., Boots, B., and Sugihara, K., 1992, Spatial 
tessellations : concepts and applications of Voronoi diagrams: 
Wiley & Sons, New York, ISBN 0 471 93430 5, 532p.

Watson, D.F., 1981, Computing the n-dimensional Delaunay 
tessellation with application to Voronoi polytopes: 
The Computer J., 24(2), p. 167-172.}

Watson, D.F., 1985, Natural neighbour sorting: The Australian 
Computer J., 17(4), p. 189-193. 

--
Dave Watson                          Internet: watson@maths.uwa.edu.au
Department of Mathematics            
The University of Western Australia               Tel: (61 9) 380 3359
Nedlands, WA 6009  Australia.                     FAX: (61 9) 380 1028

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38231
From: hrs1@cbnewsi.cb.att.com (herman.r.silbiger)
Subject: ANSI/AIIM MS-53 Standard Image File Format


wing the suggestion of Stu Lynne, I have posted the Image File Format executable and source code to alt.sources.

Herman Silbiger
.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38232
From: ccraig@nmt.edu (Catherine Craig)
Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....

In article <1993Apr11.132604.13400@ornl.gov> ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles) writes:
>
>I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
>SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
>jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
>
>I'm looking for some way to convert and/or view them in 24 bit.
>
>
>Just want to see the darn things in real color...
>
>Thanks,
>
>Jim Nobles
>

The best program I've seen for viewing such files is VPIC.  You'll want version 5.9 or later.  (6.0x is current.)  It allows you to view in 15 and 24 bit modes.  It really is QUITE nice.

Now, for a return question:  Do you run Windows?  If so, what are the dates on your drivers?  The newest ones *I* can find are from around 4-??-92!!  My problem is they conflict with Star Trek: After Dark, and other things as well.  I'm willing to bet that it's the drivers, and NOT the programs.  Anyone out there have info on newer SS24 (NOT X) drivers for windows or OS/2?

Thanks,
	Justin


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38233
From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: looking for circle algorithm faster than Bresenhams

In article <1993Apr13.025240.8884@nwnexus.WA.COM>, mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon) writes:
> I have an algorithm similar to Bresenhams line drawing algorithm, that
> draws a line by stepping along the minor axis and drawing slices like
> AAAA, BBBB, CCCC in the following diagram.
> 
>      AAAA
>          BBBB
>              CCCC
> 

	Yes, that's known as "Bresenhams Run Length Slice Algorithm for
Incremental lines". See Fundamental Algorithms for Computer Graphics,
Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 1985.

> I have tried to extrapolate this to circles but I can't figure out
> how to determine the length of the slices. Any ideas?

	Hmm. I don't think I can help you with this, but you might
take a look at the following:

	"Double-Step Incremental Generation of Lines and Circles",
X. Wu and J. G. Rokne, Computer Graphics and Image processing,
Vol 37, No. 4, Mar. 1987, pp. 331-334

	"Double-Step Generation of Ellipses", X. Wu and J. G. Rokne,
IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, May 1989, pp. 56-69

	Graeme Gill.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38234
Subject: E-mail of Michael Abrash?
From: gmontem@eis.calstate.edu (George A. Montemayor)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38235
From: g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)
Subject: Fonts in POV??



	I have seen several ray-traced scenes (from MTV or was it 
RayShade??) with stroked fonts appearing as objects in the image.
The fonts/chars had color, depth and even textures associated with
them.  Now I was wondering, is it possible to do the same in POV??


Thanks,

Noel

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38236
From: lm001@rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE (Erwin H. Keeve)
Subject: Polygon Reduction for Marching Cubes


Dear Reader,


I'am searching for an implementation of a polygon reduction algorithm
for marching cubes surfaces. I think the best one is the reduction algorithm
from Schroeder et al., SIGGRAPH '92. So, is there any implementation of this 
algorithm, it would be very nice if you could leave it to me.

Also I'am looking for a fast !!! connectivity
test for marching cubes surfaces.

Any help or hints will be very useful.
Thanks a lot


                                                 ,,,
                                                (o o)
 ___________________________________________oOO__(-)__OOo_____________
|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|_|
|_|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|
|                               |                                     |
| Erwin Keeve                   | adress:  Peter-Welter-Platz 2       |
|                               |          W-5000 Cologne 1, Germany  |
|                               |                                     |
| Dept. of Computergraphics &   | phone:   +49-221-20189-132 (-192)   |
|          Computeranimation    | FAX:     +49-221-20189-17           |
|                               |                                     |
| Academy of Media Arts Cologne | Email:   keeve@khm.uni-koeln.de     |
|_______________________________|_____________________________________|







Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38237
From: stefan@lis.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de (Stefan Eckart)
Subject: dmpeg10.zip info: Another DOS MPEG decoder/player posted


I have posted a DOS MPEG decoder/player to alt.binaries.pictures.utilities.

Here is a short description and some technical information, taken from the
accompanying documentation:


                              DMPEG V1.0

                       Public Domain MPEG decoder

                           by Stefan Eckart


0. Features
===========

DMPEG/DMPLAY is another MPEG decoder/player for the PC:


 - decodes (nearly) the full MPEG video standard
   (I,P,B frames, frame size up to at least 352x240 supported)

 - saves decoded sequence in 8 or 24bit raw file for later display

 - optional on-screen display during decoding (requires VGA)

 - several dithering options: ordered dither, Floyd-Steinberg, grayscale

 - color-space selection

 - runs under DOS, 640KB RAM, no MS-Windows required

 - very compact (small code / small data models, 16 bit arithmetic)

 - real time display of the raw file by a separate player for
   VGA and many Super-VGAs

...

4. Technical information
========================

The player is a rather straightforward implementation of the MPEG spec [1].
The IDCT is based on the Chen-Wang 13 multiplication algorithm [2]
(not quite the optimum, I know). Blocks with not more than eight non-zero
coefficients use a non-separated direct multiply-accumulate 2D-IDCT
(sounds great, doesn't it?), which turned out to be faster than a 'fast'
algorithm in this (quite common) case. Dithering is pretty standard. Main
difference to the Berkeley decoder (except for the fewer number of supported
algorithms) is the use of 256 instead of 128 colors, the (default) option to
use a restricted color-space and the implementation of a color saturation
dominant ordered dither. This leads to a significantly superior quality of
the dithered image (I claim, judge yourself).

Restricted color-space means that the U and V components are clipped to
+/-0.25 (instead of +/-0.5) and the display color-space points are distributed
over this restricted space. Since the distance between color-space points
is thus reduced by a factor of two, the color resolution is doubled at the
expense of not being able to represent fully saturated colors.

Saturation dominant ordered dither is a method by which a color, lying
somewhere between the points of the display color space, is approximated
by primarily alternating between two points of constant hue instead of
constant saturation. This yields subjectivly better quality due to the
lower sensitivity of the human viewing system to saturation changes than
to hue changes (the same reasoning as used by the PAL TV standard to improve
on NTSC). The improvement is particularly visible in dark brown or redish
areas.

...

--
Stefan Eckart, stefan@lis.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38238
From: scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe)
Subject: Point within a polygon

I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
information on the subject ?

		Regards

			Simon

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38239
From: john@goshawk.mcc.ac.uk (John Heaton)
Subject: POV reboots PC after memory upgrade

Up until last week, I have been running POVray v1.0 on my 486/33 under DOS5
without any major problems.  Over Easter I increased the memory from 4Meg to
8Meg, and found that POVray reboots the system every time under DOS5.  I had
a go at running POVray in a DOS window when running Win3.1 on the same system
and it now works fine, even if a lot slower.  I would like to go back to 
using POVray directly under DOS, anyone any ideas???

John
-- 
                 John Heaton   -   NRS Central Administrator
      MCC Network Unit, The University, Oxford Road, Manchester,  M13-9PL
            Phone: (+44) 61 275 6011   -   FAX: (+44) 61 275 6040
                   Packet: G1YYH @ G1YYH.GB7PWY.#16.GBR.EU

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38240
From: af774@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Chad Cipiti)
Subject: Good shareware paint and/or animation software for SGI?


Does anyone know of any good shareware animation or paint software for an SGI
 machine?  I've exhausted everyplace on the net I can find and still don't hava
 a nice piece of software.

Thanks alot!

Chad


-- 
Knock, knock.                                         Chad Cipiti
Who's there?                                    af774@cleveland.freenet.edu
                                               cipiti@bobcat.ent.ohiou.edu
It might be Heisenberg.                          chad@voxel.zool.ohiou.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38241
From: hendrix@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Dane Hendrix)
Subject: Processing of stereo images

I'm interested in find out what is involved in processing pairs of 
stereo photographs.  I have black-and-white photos and would like 
to obtain surface contours.

I'd prefer to do the processing on an SGI, but would be interested
in hearing what software/hardware is used for this type of
image processing.

Please email and/or post to comp.sys.sgi.graphics your responses.

Thanks,

Dane Hendrix                              | email: dane@wizard.dt.navy.mil 
DTMB (a.k.a. Headquarters, Carderock Div.,|  or hendrix@oasys.dt.navy.mil
Naval Surface Warfare Center)             |  or hendrix@nas.nasa.gov 
Code 1542, Bethesda, MD 20084-5000        | phone: (301)227-1340

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38242
From: jgreen@amber (Joe Green)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP) wrote:
> abraxis@iastate.edu writes in article <abraxis.734340159@class1.iastate.edu>:
> > Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?
> As far as the low-level stuff goes, it looks pretty nice.  It's got this
> quadrilateral fill command that requires just the four points.

Do you have Weitek's address/phone number?  I'd like to get some information
about this chip.

--
Joe Green				Harris Corporation
jgreen@csd.harris.com			Computer Systems Division
"The only thing that really scares me is a person with no sense of humor."
						-- Jonathan Winters

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38243
From: kreyling@lds.loral.com (Ed Kreyling 6966)
Subject: Sun-os and 8bit ASCII graphics

I would like to know if anyone has had any luck using the upper 128 ASCII
characters on a Sun station.  I am trying to convert a fortran program to run
on a Sun.  When we write character buffers to the Sun which contain char(218)
or char(196) or char(197) etc.  We get characters on the screen but they are
not the characters in the standard ASCII tables.

Any ideas or help will be appreciated.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38244
From: clipper@mccarthy.csd.uwo.ca (Khun Yee Fung)
Subject: Re: looking for circle algorithm faster than Bresenhams

>>>>> On Wed, 14 Apr 1993 04:49:46 GMT, graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill) said:

Graeme> 	Yes, that's known as "Bresenhams Run Length Slice Algorithm for
Graeme> Incremental lines". See Fundamental Algorithms for Computer Graphics,
Graeme> Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 1985.

> I have tried to extrapolate this to circles but I can't figure out
> how to determine the length of the slices. Any ideas?

Graeme> 	Hmm. I don't think I can help you with this, but you might
Graeme> take a look at the following:

Graeme> 	"Double-Step Incremental Generation of Lines and Circles",
Graeme> X. Wu and J. G. Rokne, Computer Graphics and Image processing,
Graeme> Vol 37, No. 4, Mar. 1987, pp. 331-334

Graeme> 	"Double-Step Generation of Ellipses", X. Wu and J. G. Rokne,
Graeme> IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, May 1989, pp. 56-69

Another paper you might want to consider is:

@article{fungdraw,
  title="A Run-Length Slice Line Drawing Algorithm without Division Operations",
  author="Khun Yee Fung and Tina M. Nicholl and A. K. Dewdney",
  journal="Computer Graphics Forum",
  year=1992,
  volume=11,
  number=3,
  pages="C-267--C-277"
}

Khun Yee
--
Khun Yee Fung    clipper@csd.uwo.ca
Department of Computer Science
Middlesex College
University of Western Ontario
London, Ontario
Canada N6A 5B7
Tel: (519) 661-6889
Fax: (519) 661-3515

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38245
From: msc_wdqn@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu (Daniel Q Naiman)
Subject: Geometry package

I am looking for a package which takes as inputs a set
of geometric objects defined by unions of convex polytopes
specified in some manner, say by inequalities and equalities,
and determines in some reasonable form things like
intersections, unions, etc. etc..

Does anyone know where I can find such a thing?

Dan Naiman
Department of Mathematical Sciences
Johns Hopkins University

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38246
From: spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk> scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:
>I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
>polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
>information on the subject ?

See the article "An Efficient Ray-Polygon Intersection," p. 390 in
Graphics Gems (ISBN 0-12-286165-5).  The second step, intersecting the
polygon, does what you want.  There is sample code in the book.

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"They are not Bolsheviks,
        just bullshitviks."  - Yevgeny Yevtechenko, "Again a meeting..."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38247
From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: Re: Distance between two Bezier curves

pes@hutcs.cs.hut.fi (Pekka Siltanen) writes:

> Suppose two cubic Bezier curves (control points V1,..,V4 and W1,..,W4)
> which have equal first and last control points (V1 = W1, V4 = W4). How do I 
> get upper bound for distance between these curves. 

Which distance? The distance between one point (t = ti) on the first curve
and a point on the other curve with same parameter (u = ti)?

> 
> Any references appreciated. Thanks in anvance.
> 
> Pekka Siltanen


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38248
From: jonas-y@isy.liu.se (Jonas Yngvesson)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:

>I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
>polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
>information on the subject ?

Well, it's been a while since this was discussed so i take the liberty of
reprinting (without permission, so sue me) Eric Haines reprint of the very
interesting discussion of this topic...

                /Jonas

                         O /         \ O
------------------------- X snip snip X ------------------------------
                         O \         / O

"Give a man a fish, and he'll eat one day.
Give a man a fishing rod, and he'll laze around fishing and never do anything."

With that in mind, I reprint (without permission, so sue me) relevant
information posted some years ago on this very problem.  Note the early use of
PostScript technology, predating many of this year's papers listed in the
April 1st SIGGRAPH Program Announcement posted here a few days ago.

-- Eric


Intersection Between a Line and a Polygon (UNDECIDABLE??),
	by Dave Baraff, Tom Duff

	From: deb@charisma.graphics.cornell.edu
	Newsgroups: comp.graphics
	Keywords: P, NP, Jordan curve separation, Ursyhon Metrization Theorem
	Organization: Program of Computer Graphics

In article [...] ncsmith@ndsuvax.UUCP (Timothy Lyle Smith) writes:
>
>  I need to find a formula/algorithm to determine if a line intersects
>  a polygon.  I would prefer a method that would do this in as little
>  time as possible.  I need this for use in a forward raytracing
>  program.

I think that this is a very difficult problem.  To start with, lines and
polygons are semi-algebraic sets which both contain uncountable number of
points.  Here are a few off-the-cuff ideas.

First, we need to check if the line and the polygon are separated.  Now, the
Jordan curve separation theorem says that the polygon divides the plane into
exactly two open (and thus non-compact) regions.  Thus, the line lies
completely inside the polygon, the line lies completely outside the polygon,
or possibly (but this will rarely happen) the line intersects the polyon.

Now, the phrasing of this question says "if a line intersects a polygon", so
this is a decision problem.  One possibility (the decision model approach) is
to reduce the question to some other (well known) problem Q, and then try to
solve Q.  An answer to Q gives an answer to the original decision problem.

In recent years, many geometric problems have been successfully modeled in a
new language called PostScript.  (See "PostScript Language", by Adobe Systems
Incorporated, ISBN # 0-201-10179-3, co. 1985).

So, given a line L and a polygon P, we can write a PostScript program that
draws the line L and the polygon P, and then "outputs" the answer.  By
"output", we mean the program executes a command called "showpage", which
actually prints a page of paper containing the line and the polygon.  A quick
examination of the paper provides an answer to the reduced problem Q, and thus
the original problem.

There are two small problems with this approach. 

	(1) There is an infinite number of ways to encode L and P into the
	reduced problem Q.  So, we will be forced to invoke the Axiom of
	Choice (or equivalently, Zorn's Lemma).  But the use of the Axiom of
	Choice is not regarded in a very serious light these days.

	(2) More importantly, the question arises as to whether or not the
	PostScript program Q will actually output a piece of paper; or in
	other words, will it halt?

	Now, PostScript is expressive enough to encode everything that a
	Turing Machine might do; thus the halting problem (for PostScript) is
	undecidable.  It is quite possible that the original problem will turn
	out to be undecidable.


I won't even begin to go into other difficulties, such as aliasing, finite
precision and running out of ink, paper or both.

A couple of references might be:

1. Principia Mathematica.  Newton, I.  Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
   England.  (Sorry, I don't have an ISBN# for this).

2. An Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation.  Hopcroft, J
   and Ulman, J.

3. The C Programming Language. Kernighan, B and Ritchie, D.

4. A Tale of Two Cities. Dickens, C.

--------

From: td@alice.UUCP (Tom Duff)
Summary: Overkill.
Organization: AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill NJ

The situation is not nearly as bleak as Baraff suggests (he should know
better, he's hung around The Labs for long enough).  By the well known
Dobbin-Dullman reduction (see J. Dullman & D. Dobbin, J. Comp. Obfusc.
37,ii:  pp. 33-947, lemma 17(a)) line-polygon intersection can be reduced to
Hamiltonian Circuit, without(!) the use of Grobner bases, so LPI (to coin an
acronym) is probably only NP-complete.  Besides, Turing-completeness will no
longer be a problem once our Cray-3 is delivered, since it will be able to
complete an infinite loop in 4 milliseconds (with scatter-gather.)

--------

From: deb@svax.cs.cornell.edu (David Baraff)

Well, sure its no worse than NP-complete, but that's ONLY if you restrict
yourself to the case where the line satisfies a Lipschitz condition on its
second derivative.  (I think there's an '89 SIGGRAPH paper from Caltech that
deals with this).

--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 J o n a s   Y n g v e s s o n          email: jonas-y@isy.liu.se
Dept. of Electrical Engineering	        voice:  +46-(0)13-282162          
University of Linkoping, Sweden         fax  :  +46-(0)13-139282

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38249
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon


In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk>, scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk (Simon Crowe) writes:
|> I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
|> polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
|> information on the subject ?
|> 
|> 		Regards
|> 
|> 			Simon

Basically, there are two algorithms determining whether a point is inside,
outside or on the polygon. The first one is Ray (or half line) method. In
this method, you can draw any ray, if the number of the intersection point
of the ray and the polygon is even, then it is outside. If the number is odd,
then it is inside. Of cause, you have to deal with the special cases which
may make you headache.

The second method is PI algorithm. Draw the lines between the point and
all the vertices on the polygon. Calculate and sum the angles of the
successive lines. If the result is 2*PI, then it is inside. If PI, then
it is on the polygon. Otherwise it is outside.

My experience tells the second method is relible.

Hope this helps.

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38250
From: channui@austin.ibm.com (Christopher Chan-Nui)
Subject: Re: Two pointing devices in one COM-port?

Bob Davis (sonny@trantor.harris-atd.com) wrote:
: In article <C4tKGM.1v6@unix.portal.com>, wil@shell.portal.com (Ville V Walveranta) writes:
: |> 
: |>         Is there any way to connect two pointing devices to one serial
: |>         port? I haven't tried this but I believe they would interfere
: |>         with each other (?) even if only one at a time would be used.

: 	Just get an A-B switch for RS232. Look in Computer Shopper.
: They are available fairly cheap. They allow switching between two
: serial devices on a single port.

Unfortunately the poster wants to use an internal and an external modem so a
switch isn't going to help them.  If you aren't using your com ports for
anything else, just define them on different com ports.  Define your internal
modem to be say, com1, and your external modem to be com3.  You really
shouldn't have to worry about interrupt conflicts since you won't be using
both modems at the same time :).

---
Christopher Chan-Nui    | Investment in reliability will increase until it
channui@austin.ibm.com  | exceeds the probable cost of errors, or until someone
#include <disclaimer.h> | insists on getting some useful work done.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38251
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In article <7208@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
> They talked about another routine that could yield up to 150 to 1
> compress with no image loss that *I* could notice.  The draw back is that it
> takes a hell of a long time to compress something.  I'll have to see if I can
> find the book so that I can give more exact numbers.  TTYL.

That's a typical claim, though they say they've improved
compression speed considerably.  Did you find out anything else
about the book?  I'd be interested in looking at it if you could give me
any pointers.

Reportedly, early fractal compression times of 24-100 hours used
that marvelous piece of hardware called "grad students" to do the
work.  Supposedly it's been automated since about 1988, but I'm still
waiting to be impressed.

Allen B (Sign me "Cynical")

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38252
From: clump@acaps.cs.mcgill.ca (Clark VERBRUGGE)
Subject: Re: BGI Drivers for SVGA

Dominic Lai (cs_cylai@cs.ust.hk) wrote:
: Simon Crowe (scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk) wrote:
: 8~> I require BGI drivers for Super VGA Displays and Super XVGA Displays. Does 
: 8~> anyone know where I could obtain the relevant drivers ? (FTP sites ??)

: 	I would like to know too!

: Regards,
: Dominic

garbo.uwasa.fi (or one of its many mirrors) has a file
called "svgabg40" in the programming subdirectory.
These are svga bgi drivers for a variety of cards.

[from the README]:
"Card types supported: (SuperVGA drivers)
  Ahead, ATI, Chips & Tech, Everex, Genoa, Paradise, Oak, Trident (both 8800 
  and 8900, 9000), Tseng (both 3000 and 4000 chipsets) and Video7.
  These drivers will also work on video cards with VESA capability.
  The tweaked drivers will work on any register-compatible VGA card."

enjoy,
Clark Verbrugge
clump@cs.mcgill.ca

--

 HONK HONK BLAT WAK WAK WAK WAK WAK UNGOW!


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38255
From: cptully@med.unc.edu (Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article 8HC@mentor.cc.purdue.edu, ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
>In article <1993Apr10.160929.696@galki.toppoint.de> ulrich@galki.toppoint.de  
>writes:
>> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
>> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
>> significance".
>> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy,
>> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?
>
>I'm sure it is, and I am not amused.  Every time I read that part of the
>TIFF spec, it infuriates me- and I'm none too happy about the
>complexity of the spec anyway- because I think their "arbitrary but
>carefully chosen number" is neither.  Additionally, I find their
>choice of 4 bytes to begin a file with meaningless of themselves- why
>not just use the letters "TIFF"?
>
>(And no, I don't think they should have bothered to support both word
>orders either- and I've found that many TIFF readers actually
>don't.)
>
>ab

Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
help define or critique the spec.

Finally, a little numerology:  42 is 24 backwards, and TIFF is a 24 bit
image format...

Chris
---
*********************************************************************
Christopher P. Tully				cptully@med.unc.edu
Univ. of North Carolina - Chapel Hill
CB# 7525					(919) 966-2699
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
*********************************************************************
I get paid for my opinions, but that doesn't mean that UNC or anybody
                     else agrees with them.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38256
From: emm@tamarack202.cray.com (Mike McConnell)
Subject: Interleaf to CGM


Has anyone successfully converted Interleaf graphics to CGM, or even heard
of it being done????


We'd love to hear about it.

-Mike McConnell

emm@cray.com




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38257
From: mogal@deadhead.asd.sgi.com (Joshua Mogal)
Subject: Re: Hollywood Hits, Virtual Reality

Sorry I missed you Raymond, I was just out in Dahlgren last month...

I'm the Virtual Reality market manager for Silicon Graphics, so perhaps I
can help a little.

In article <1993Mar17.185725.13487@relay.nswc.navy.mil>,
rchui@nswc-wo.nswc.navy.mil (Raymond Chui) writes:
|> Hello, the real reality. Our agency started to express interest in
|> virtual reality(VR).  So far, we do not know much about VR.  All we
|> know about are the Hollywood movies "The Terminater 2" and "Lawnmover
|> Man".  We also know something about VR from ABC news magazine and
|> Computer Graphics World magazine.


Unfortunately, while SGI systems were used to create the special effects
for both Terminator 2 and Lawnmower Man, those are film-quality computer
graphics, rendered in software and written to film a frame at a time.  Each
frame of computer animation for those films took hours to render on
high-end parallel processing computer systems. Thus, that level of graphics
would be difficult, if not impossible, to acheive in real time (30 frames
per second).


|> 
|> We certainly want to know more about VR.  Who are the leading
|> companies,
|> agencies, universities?  What machines support VR (i.e. SGI, Sun4,
|> HP-9000, BIM-6000, etc.)?


It depends upon how serious you are and how advanced your application is.
True immersive visualization (VR), requires the rendering of complex visual
databases at anywhere from 20 to 60 newly rendered frames per second.  This
is a similar requirement to that of traditional flight simulators for pilot
training. If the frame rate is too low, the user notices the stepping of
the frames as they move their head rapidly around the scene, so the motion
of the graphics is not smooth and contiguous.  Thus the graphics system
must be powerful enough to sustain high frame rates while rendering complex
data representations.

Additionally, the frame rate must be constant.  If the system renders 15
frames per second at one point, then 60 frames per second the next (perhaps
due to the scene in the new viewing direction being simpler than what was
visible before), the user can get heavily distracted by the medium (the
graphics computer) rather than focusing on the data. To maintain a constant
frame rate, the system must be able to run in real-time.  UNIX in general
does not support real-time operation, but Silicon Graphics has modified the
UNIX kernel for its multi-processor systems to be able to support real-time
operation, bypassing the usual UNIX process priority-management schemes. 
Uniprocessor systems running UNIX cannot fundamentally support real-time
operation (not Sun SPARC10, not HP 700 Series systems, not IBM RS-6000, not
even SGI's uniprocessor systems like Indigo or Crimson). Only our
multiprocessor Onyx and Challenge systems support real-time operation due
to their Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP) shared-memory architecture.

From a graphics perspective, rendering complex virtual environments
requires advanced rendering techniques like texture mapping and real-time
multi-sample anti-aliasing.  Of all of the general purpose graphics systems
on the market today, only Crimson RealityEngine and Onyx RealityEngine2
systems fully support these capabilities. The anti-aliasing is particularly
important, as the crawling jagged edges of aliased polygons is an
unfortunate distraction when immersed in a virtual environment.


|>  What kind of graphics languages are used with VR
|> (GL, opengl, Phigs, PEX, GKS, etc.)?

You can use the general purpose graphics libraries listed above to develop
VR applications, but that is starting at a pretty low level. There are
off-the- shelf software packages available to get you going much faster,
being targeted directly at the VR application developer. Some of the most
popular are (in no particular order):

	- Division Inc.		    (Redwood City, CA) - dVS
	- Sens8 Inc.		    (Sausalito, CA)    - WorldToolKit
	- Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, CA)     - NPSnet (FREE!)
	- Gemini Technology Corp    (Irvine, CA)       - GVS Simation Series
	- Paradigm Simulation Inc.  (Dallas, TX)       - VisionWorks, AudioWorks
	- Silicon Graphics Inc.	    (Mountain View,CA) - IRIS Performer

There are some others, but not off the top of my head...

	
|> What companies are making
|> interface devices for VR (goggles or BOOM (Binocular Omni-Orientational
|> Monitor), hamlets, gloves, arms, etc.)?

There are too many to list here, but here is a smattering:

	- Fake Space Labs	    (Menlo Park,CA)    - BOOM
	- Virtual Technologies Inc. (Stanford, CA)     - CyberGlove
	- Digital Image Design	    (New York, NY)     - The Cricket (3D input)
	- Kaiser Electro Optics	    (Carlsbad, CA)     - Sim Eye Helmet Displays
	- Virtual Research	    (Sunnyvale, CA)    - Flight Helmet display
	- Virtual Reality Inc.	    (Pleasantville,NY) - Head Mtd Displays, s/w
	- Software Systems	    (San Jose, CA)     - 3D Modeling software
	- etc., etc., etc.


|> What are those company's
|> addresses and phone numbers?  Where we can get a list name of VR
|> experts
|> and their phone numbers and Email addresses?


Read some of the VR books on the market:

	- Virtual Reality - Ken Pimental and Ken Texiera (sp?)
	- Virtual Mirage
	- Artificial Reality - Myron Kreuger
	- etc.

Or check out the newsgroup sci.virtual_worlds

Feel free to contact me for more info.

Regards,

Josh

-- 


**************************************************************************
**				     **					**
**	Joshua Mogal		     **	Product Manager			**
**	Advanced Graphics Division   **	  Advanced Graphics Systems	**
**	Silicon Graphics Inc.	     **	Market Manager			**
**	2011 North Shoreline Blvd.   **	  Virtual Reality		**
**	Mountain View, CA 94039-7311 **	  Interactive Entertainment	**
**	M/S 9L-580		     **					**
**				     *************************************
**	Tel:	(415) 390-1460						**
**	Fax:	(415) 964-8671						**
**	E-mail:	mogal@sgi.com						**
**									**
**************************************************************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38258
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Point within a polygon

In article <jonas-y.734802983@gouraud> jonas-y@isy.liu.se (Jonas Yngvesson)  
writes:
> Intersection Between a Line and a Polygon (UNDECIDABLE??),
> 	by Dave Baraff, Tom Duff
> 
> 	From: deb@charisma.graphics.cornell.edu
> In recent years, many geometric problems have been successfully modeled in a
> new language called PostScript.  (See "PostScript Language", by Adobe Systems
> Incorporated, ISBN # 0-201-10179-3, co. 1985).
> 
> So, given a line L and a polygon P, we can write a PostScript program that
> draws the line L and the polygon P, and then "outputs" the answer.  By
> "output", we mean the program executes a command called "showpage", which
> actually prints a page of paper containing the line and the polygon.  A quick
> examination of the paper provides an answer to the reduced problem Q, and  
thus
> the original problem.

Curiously, in modern PostScript, the point in a polygon problem can
be solved even more easily.  To wit:

%!
%%Title: Point in Polygon
%%Creator: Allen B (ab@cc.purdue.edu)
%%For: the amusement of comp.graphics regulars
%%LanguageLevel: 2
%%DocumentNeededResource: humor sense thereof
%%EndComments

% This program will test whether a point is inside a given polygon.
% Currently it uses the even-odd rule, but that can be changed by
% replacing ineofill with infill.  These are Level 2 operators,
% so if you've only got Level 1 you're out of luck.
%
% The result will be printed on the output stream.
%
% Caution: only accurate to device pixels!
% Put a huge scale in first if you aren't sure.

% Point to test
% PUT X AND Y COORDINATES HERE

50 75

% Vertices of polygon in counter-clockwise order
% PUT ARRAY OF PAIRS OF COORDINATES HERE
[
[   0   0 ]
[ 100   0 ]
[ 100 100 ]
[  67 100 ]
[  67  50 ]
[  33  50 ]
[  33 100 ]
[   0 100 ]
]

dup 0 get aload pop moveto dup length 1 dup 3 1 roll
sub getinterval { aload pop lineto } forall closepath
ineofill { (Yes!) } { (No!) } ifelse =

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38259
From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Hi everyone,

I thought that some people may be interested in my VR
software on these groups:

*******Announcing the release of Multiverse-1.0.2*******

Multiverse is a multi-user, non-immersive, X-Windows based Virtual Reality
system, primarily focused on entertainment/research.

Features:

   Client-Server based model, using Berkeley Sockets.
   No limit to the number of users (apart from performance).
   Generic clients.
   Customizable servers.
   Hierachical Objects (allowing attachment of cameras and light sources).
   Multiple light sources (ambient, point and spot).
   Objects can have extension code, to handle unique functionality, easily
        attached.

Functionality:

  Client:
   The client is built around a 'fast' render loop. Basically it changes things
   when told to by the server and then renders an image from the user's
   viewpoint. It also provides the server with information about the user's
   actions - which can then be communicated to other clients and therefore to
   other users.

   The client is designed to be generic - in other words you don't need to
   develop a new client when you want to enter a new world. This means that
   resources can be spent on enhancing the client software rather than adapting
   it. The adaptations, as will be explained in a moment, occur in the servers.

   This release of the client software supports the following functionality:

    o Hierarchical Objects (with associated addressing)

    o Multiple Light Sources and Types (Ambient, Point and Spot)

    o User Interface Panels

    o Colour Polygonal Rendering with Phong Shading (optional wireframe for
	faster frame rates)

    o Mouse and Keyboard Input

   (Some people may be disappointed that this software doesn't support the
   PowerGlove as an input device - this is not because it can't, but because
   I don't have one! This will, however, be one of the first enhancements!)

  Server(s):
   This is where customization can take place. The following basic support is
   provided in this release for potential world server developers:

    o Transparent Client Management

    o Client Message Handling

   This may not sound like much, but it takes away the headache of
accepting and
   terminating clients and receiving messages from them - the
application writer
   can work with the assumption that things are happening locally.

   Things get more interesting in the object extension functionality. This is
   what is provided to allow you to animate your objects:

    o Server Selectable Extension Installation:
        What this means is that you can decide which objects have extended
        functionality in your world. Basically you call the extension
        initialisers you want.

    o Event Handler Registration:
        When you develop extensions for an object you basically write callback
        functions for the events that you want the object to respond to.
        (Current events supported: INIT, MOVE, CHANGE, COLLIDE & TERMINATE)

    o Collision Detection Registration:
        If you want your object to respond to collision events just provide
        some basic information to the collision detection management software.
        Your callback will be activated when a collision occurs.

    This software is kept separate from the worldServer applications because
    the application developer wants to build a library of extended objects
    from which to choose.

    The following is all you need to make a World Server application:

    o Provide an initWorld function:
        This is where you choose what object extensions will be supported, plus
        any initialization you want to do.

    o Provide a positionObject function:
        This is where you determine where to place a new client.

    o Provide an installWorldObjects function:
        This is where you load the world (.wld) file for a new client.

    o Provide a getWorldType function:
        This is where you tell a new client what persona they should have.

    o Provide an animateWorld function:
        This is where you can go wild! At a minimum you should let the objects
        move (by calling a move function) and let the server sleep for a bit
        (to avoid outrunning the clients).

    That's all there is to it! And to prove it here are the line counts for the
    three world servers I've provided:

        generic - 81 lines
        dactyl - 270 lines (more complicated collision detection due to the
                           stairs! Will probably be improved with future
                           versions)
        dogfight - 72 lines

Location:

   This software is located at the following site:
   ftp.u.washington.edu

   Directory:
   pub/virtual-worlds

   File:
   multiverse-1.0.2.tar.Z

Futures:

   Client:

    o Texture mapping.

    o More realistic rendering: i.e. Z-Buffering (or similar), Gouraud shading

    o HMD support.

    o Etc, etc....

   Server:

    o Physical Modelling (gravity, friction etc).

    o Enhanced Object Management/Interaction

    o Etc, etc....

   Both:

    o Improved Comms!!!

I hope this provides people with a good understanding of the Multiverse
software,
unfortunately it comes with practically zero documentation, and I'm not sure
whether that will ever be able to be rectified! :-(

I hope people enjoy this software and that it is useful in our explorations of
the Virtual Universe - I've certainly found fascinating developing it, and I
would *LOVE* to add support for the PowerGlove...and an HMD :-)!!

Finally one major disclaimer:

This is totally amateur code. By that I mean there is no support for this code
other than what I, out the kindness of my heart, or you, out of pure
desperation, provide. I cannot be held responsible for anything good or bad
that may happen through the use of this code - USE IT AT YOUR OWN RISK!

Disclaimer over!

Of course if you love it, I would like to here from you. And anyone with
POSITIVE contributions/criticisms is also encouraged to contact me. Anyone who
hates it: > /dev/null!

************************************************************************
*********
And if anyone wants to let me do this for a living: you know where to
write :-)!
************************************************************************
*********

Thanks,

Robert.

robert@acsc.com
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38260
From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Update on location!!

Directory should be:
public/virtual-worlds!!
^^^^^^

Sorry! :-)

Robert.
robert@acsc.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38261
From: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle)
Subject: PCX


Hello
	HELP!!! please
		I am a student of turbo c++ and graphics programming
	and I am having some problems finding algorithms and code
	to teach me how to do some stuff..

	1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
	to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?

	2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
	so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
	800x600x256
	3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?

Thanks very much !

send reply's to : Palm@snycanva.bitnet

Peace be
Blessed be
Stephen Palm

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38262
From: cywang@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (Crying Freeman)
Subject: What's a good assembly VGA programming book?

Can someone give me the title of a good VGA graphics programming book?
Please respond by email. Thanks!

			--Yuan

-- 
Che-Yuan Wang
cw21219@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu
cywang@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38263
From: davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com (David J. Ray)
Subject: Re: Fractals? what good are they?

In regards to fractal commpression, I have seen 2 fractal compressed "movies".
They were both fairly impressive.  The first one was a 64 gray scale "movie" of
Casablanca, it was 1.3MB and had 11 minutes of 13 fps video.  It was a little
grainy but not bad at all.  The second one I saw was only 3 minutes but it
had 8 bit color with 10fps and measured in at 1.2MB.

I consider the fractal movies a practical thing to explore.  But unlike many 
other formats out there, you do end up losing resolution.  I don't know what
kind of software/hardware was used for creating the "movies" I saw but the guy
that showed them to me said it took 5-15 minutes per frame to generate.  But as
I said above playback was 10 or more frames per second.  And how else could you
put 11 minutes on one floppy disk?

davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com
My opinions are my own except where they are shared by others in which case I 
will probably change my mind.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38264
From: Ivanov Sergey <serge@argus.msk.su>
Subject: Re: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

> My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this

 Can You report CRT and other register state in this mode ?
 Thank's.

        Serge Ivanov (serge@argus.msk.su)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38265
From: boylan@pi.eai.iastate.edu (Terran Boylan)
Subject: Reaction-Diffusion techniques

This past week I've been playing with some of the R-D (Reaction-
Diffusion, not to be confused with RDS or R&D) techniques
from SIGGRAPH '91.

I was wondering what material is available to explain the control
mechanism a little more.  It seems to me very much like a matter of
picking random magic numbers and sitting back and waiting.  Although
both of the papers (Turk and Witkin & Kass) were very well organized
and extremely helpful, I guess what I need is a more basic description
of the technique, especially wrt the control mechanisms.  The tests
that I did had a tendency to either turn into blurry mud or become
unstable.

Is there any info available online?  Source code would be great but
not necessary.

Thanks!


-- 
---
Terran J. Boylan, Sr. Artist/Programmer | "It's better to have loved
Engineering Animation, Inc.,  Ames, IA  | and lost than just to have
(515) 296-9908 / (515) 296-7892 (> 5PM) | lost." -- Dorky Dog

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38266
From: rjs002c@parsec.paradyne.com (Robert Synoski)
Subject: 24 bit Graphics cards

I am looking for EISA or VESA local bus graphic cards that support at least 
1024x786x24 resolution.  I know Matrox has one, but it is very expensive.  All the
other cards I know of, that support that resoultion, are striaght ISA. 

Also are there any X servers for a unix PC that support 24 bits?

thanks




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38267
From: dls@aeg.dsto.gov.au (David Silver)
Subject: Re: Fractal Generation of Clouds

haabn@nye.nscee.edu (Frederick J. Haab) writes:


>I need to implement an algorithm to fractally generate clouds
>as sort of a benchmark for some algorithms I'm working on.

Just as a matter of interest, a self-promo computer graphics sequence 
that one of the local TV stations used to play quite a lot a couple of
years ago showed a 3D flyover of Australia from the West coast to the
East.  The clouds were quite recognisable as fuzzy, flat, white
Mandlebrot sets!!

David Silver


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38268
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

Hi Netters,

I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.

Can you please offer some recommendations?

I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.

Thanks

(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)

Bob Carpenter


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38269
From: kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au (Kai Howells)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software

In article <1qflpk$re1@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>, mbc@po.CWRU.Edu (Michael B.
Comet) wrote:
> 
> 
> In a previous article, trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell) says:
> 
> >There is a new product for the (IBM'ers) out there... it is called
> >IMAGINE and it just started shipping yesterday... I can personally attest that it will blow the doors off of 3D-Studio.  It is made by IMPUlSE, and is in its
> >
> 	Well....I don't know about its competing with 3D studio, but
> it's pretty powerful allright.

Yes but a key issue is _SPEED_ how fast is Imagine? And is it as easy to
use
as 3D Studio? Can it just do a render as fast as 3DS if you don't want
things like IOR etc.. 3DS can do fine shadows, animated reflection maps,
animated bump maps, animated anything maps, and with the IPAS routines 
(Not that I've ever seen them) It can do explosions, top quality
morphing, fire, rain, lens flares etc..
I'm not knocking imagine, I just want to know how it compares with 3DS

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38270
From: u895027@franklin.cc.utas.edu.au (Mark Mackey)
Subject: Raytracers: which is best?

Hi all!
	I've just recently become seriously hooked on POV, but there are a few
thing that I want to do that POV won't do (penumbral shadows, dispersion
etc.). I was just wondering: what other shareware/freeware raytracers are
out there, and what can they do? I've heard of Vivid and Polyray and 
Rayshade and so on, but I'd rather no wade through several hundred pages of 
manual for each trying to work out what their capabilities are. Can anyone
help? A comparison of tracing speed between each program would also be 
mucho useful.
											Mark.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Mackey                 | Life is a terminal disease and oxygen is         
mmackey@aqueous.ml.csiro.au | addictive. Are _you_ hooked?                  
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38271
From: petro@server.uwindsor.ca (PETRO DAVID              )
Subject: Shareware


 Recently I saw the latest Computer Shopper and in it there was an article
on nice shareware graphics programs. They looked pretty good and of the 6
listed in the article, one I had (Graphics Workshop), one I found via
archie (Draft Choice - old version though) and the rest I couldn't find.
So if there is anyone that knows where I can get the following programs
via anonymous ftp, please let me know.

Adkins Graphics :AG1.ZIP, AG2.ZIP
Draft Choice (latest VGA version) : DRAFTC.ZIP
Envision Publisher: ENVIS1.ZIP, ENVIS2.ZIP
Neopaint: NEOPNT.ZIP

Thanx in advance.
D.PETRO 
-- 
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
>     DAVID PETRO           KWYJIBO-- A big, dumb, balding       <
>     Dept. of Physics                North American ape.        <
>     University of Windsor petro@server.uwindsor.ca             <

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38272
From: mmadsen@bonnie.ics.uci.edu (Matt Madsen)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

Robert G. Carpenter writes:

>Hi Netters,
>
>I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>
>Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
>
>Thanks
>
>(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
>
>Bob Carpenter
>

I too would like a 3D graphics library!  How much do C libraries cost
anyway?  Can you get the tools used by, say, RenderMan, and can you get
them at a reasonable cost?

Sorry that I don't have any answers, just questions...

Matt Madsen
mmadsen@ics.uci.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38273
From: kshin@stein.u.washington.edu (Kevin Shin)
Subject: thinning algorithm

Hi, netters

I am looking for source code that can reads the ascii file
or bitmap file and produced the thinned image.
For example, to preprocess the character image I want to
apply thinning algorithm.

thanks
kevin
.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38274
From: geigel@seas.gwu.edu (Joseph Geigel)
Subject: Looking for AUTOCAD .DXF file parser


  Hello...

    Does anyone know of any C or C++ function libraries in the public domain
 that assist in parsing an AUTOCAD .dxf file?  

    Please e-mail.


                                Thanks,

-- 

                            -- jogle
                               geigel@seas.gwu.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38275
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Delaunay Triangulation


Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
Is there any reference to it? 
Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

Thanks in advance.

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38276
From: katkere@krusty.eecs.umich.edu (Arun Katkere)
Subject: Re: cylinder and ray

In article <1qc1fgINNbv4@darkstar.UCSC.EDU>, koehler@secs.ucsc.edu writes:
|> I would be most thrilled if some kind person could help me with the following
|> Given a cylinder in 3D -defined as a line segment between two points and
|> a radius (e.g. Sx,Sy,Sz to Ex,Ey,Ez and r), what is the easiest (and not
|> too expensive) way to find if a ray -defined as another line through two
|> points -cuts through this cylinder and if so where? 

|> I think the test for touching is rather simple: if the closest approach
|> of the two lines is less than r, then the ray does penetrate the cylinder.

Nope, this won't work for a cylinder. You can have a line arbitrarily close
to the the cylinder backbone, and yet not intersect it. The test works for a
pillbox, though. (a cylinder with two hemispheres attached at the ends.)

|> Thanks,
|> 	Ryan 	(koehler@secs.ucsc.edu)

-arun
-- 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38277
From: lee@luke.rsg.hac.com (C. Lee)
Subject: Re: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?)

In article <115072@bu.edu> kiki@PROBLEM_WITH_INEWS_GATEWAY_FILE (Keith Baccki) writes:
>C. Lee (lee@obiwan.rsg.hac.com) wrote:
>:  Did you say DEC Alpha?  Upgrade path from [...]
>:  6xx0: replace.  Upgrade path from VAX 66x0 to Alpha: replace the system.

>	Not totally fair - you haven't mentioned the DECstation
>series. I think if SGI made CISC mainframes they wouldn't provide
>an upgrade path to an Onyx.

I agree with you about the upgrade path; but I think I was fair.

The original posting complained (1) about SGI coming out with newer (and
better) architectures and not having an upgrade path from the older ones,
and (2) that DEC did.

On statement (1), I merely attempted to point out that all computer
companies are constantly attempting to improve their product (& market
position/share).  In so doing, they eventually come to a point where they
have a new architecture, and the only upgrade path is to replace the
system.  And the particular system he was complaining about was (in
computer lifetimes) relatively old.

On statement (2), I felt DEC's history of providing upgrades was not far
superior than the industry "average", and that, in my opinion, SGI's
history is better than DEC's.

(And what is DEC doing with it's MIPS based DECstation line?  Are they
going to "abandon" it for their Alpha based line, or provide an upgrade
path to R4400's and TFP's and R5's?)
--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38278
From: williams4000@iscsvax.uni.edu
Subject: BOOK OF KELLS CORRECTION!!!

I aparantly mistyped the address for the ftp site which holds the images. The
correct address should be:

jupiter.csd.unb.ca
                ^^
rather than jupiter.csd.unb.edu.  They are in the directory:

\pub\library.info

Jon Williams
University of Northern Iowa

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38279
From: jxl9011@ultb.isc.rit.edu (J.X. Lee)
Subject: JOB

		
	              JOB OPPORTUNITY
		      ---------------


SERI(Systems Engineering Research Institute), of KIST(Korea
Institute of Science and Technology) is looking for the resumes
for the following position and need them by the end of June (6/30). 
If you are interested, send resumes to:

	CAD/CAE lab (6th floor)
	Systems Engineering Research Institute
	Korea Institute of Science and Technology 
	Yousung-Gu, Eoeun-Dong,
	Daejon. Korea
	305-600


	COMPANY: Systems Engineering Research Institute

	TITLE  : Senior Research Scientist

	JOB DESCRIPTION : In depth knowledge of C.
	Working knowledge of Computer Aided Design.
	Working knowledge of Computer Graphics.
	Working knowledge of Virtual Reality.
	Skills not required but desirable : knowledge of
	data modeling, virtual reality experience,
	understanding of client/server architecture.

	REQUIREMENT : Ph.D

	JOB LOCATION : Daejon, Korea

	Contact Info : Chul-Ho, Lim
		       CAD/CAE lab (6th floor)
		       Systems Engineering Research Institute
		       Korea Institute of Science and Technology 
	       	       Yousung-Gu, Eoeun-Dong,
		       Daejon. Korea
		       305-600

		       Phone) 82-42-869-1681
		       Fax)   82-42-861-1999 
		       E-mail) jxl9011@129.21.200.201

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38280
From: egg@dstos3.dsto.gov.au
Subject: Chosing optimal colors for colormap ?

Hi,

  I'm looking for an algorithm that would generate a good cross-section of
RGB colours given a limited colour map size. 

The problem: I'm writing an application for the PC that may have at most 256
colors. I want to use one colormap (palette) for the application but I'd like
it to contain an even spread of colours of the visible spectrum. I could use 
a 6x6x6 RGB cube but the problem is that a lot of those colours are almost
identical to the human eye. 

Does anyone know how I can optimize my choice of colors ?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38281
From: rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham)
Subject: Re: SIGGRAPH

srnelson@speedsail.Eng.Sun.COM (Scott R. Nelson) writes:

> dave.mikelson@almac.co.uk (Dave Mikelson) writes:
> ...
> >Does anyone know if there is an 'open day' for the public at any time?
> >That is, not to attend conferences, but just browse around the 
> >exhibits.  Or are the exhibits etc just for fully registered attendees?
> was free as long as you got it to Siggraph on or before July 7.
> For 1991, it was similar: $20.00 or free before July 9.  It is safe
> to assume that the same kind of deal will be available this year.

	I just got my advance program and the "card in the back" is for the
	Exhibits Plus program -- the exhibits plus admission to a number of
	conference venues, including a special general session, "Behind the
	Scenes: Computer Graphics in Film."  Admission is not free, but is a
	nominal $30 (exhibits are open August 3 -- 5).

	To get a copy of the advance program, you can call 312-321-6830; the
	advance program itself is a good indication of the excitement of the
	conference!

> 
> Register early and get in for free.

	Sorry -- doesn't work this year!

-- Steve Cunningham

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38282
From: rosa@ghost.dsi.unimi.it (massimo rossi)
Subject: 3d studio works changes!!!!

 hi guys
 like all people in this group i'm a fans of fractal and render sw
 my favourite are fractint pov & 3dstudio 2.0 
 now listen my ideas
 i'have just starting now to be able to use 3dstudio quite well
 so i'm simulating a full animation of a f1 grand prix
 unfortanatly just some lap(10?)
 i' m very interested about all kind of .prj .3ds and so on
 concerning about cars or parts of its (motors wheel ...)
 (dxf are good enough)
 does anyone have object to give me to complete my hard animation


 anyway any exchanges about object material project will
 be VERY APRECIATE!!!!!

 is there a ftp site where I can find its?

 i' m looking for .pov files too
 (i 'm interested about cpu time comparision rendering images on
 pov & 3dstusio)

 thank to all


 email me at rosa@ghost.sm.dsi.unimi.it



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38283
From: djmst19@unixd2.cis.pitt.edu (David J Madura)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

dave@optimla.aimla.com (Dave Ziedman) writes:

: 3DO is still a concept.
: The software is what sells and what will determine its
: success.


Apparantly you dont keep up on the news.  3DO was shown
at CES to developers and others at private showings.  Over
300 software licensees currently developing software for it.

I would say that it is a *LOT* more than just a concept.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38284
From: esuoc@csv.warwick.ac.uk (Ajay Soni)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For M




In article 2G1@bcstec.ca.boeing.com, rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>Hi Netters,
>
>I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>
>Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
>
>Thanks
>
>(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
>
>Bob Carpenter
>

I've been given the sites of some excellent 3D objects on all sorts of file formats ...
Here's where they are:


Host plaza.aarnet.edu.au

    Location: /graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Apr  4 14:32  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil

Host compute1.cc.ncsu.edu

    Location: /mirrors/wustl/graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Mar 14 09:15  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil

Host wuarchive.wustl.edu

    Location: /graphics/graphics/mirrors
      DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x        512  Jan  3 06:29  avalon.chinalake.navy.mil


See ya!
					Ajay 8*)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38285
From: joerg@sax.sax.de (Joerg Wunsch)
Subject: About the various DXF format questions

Archie told me the following sites holding documentation about DXF:

Host nic.funet.fi   (128.214.6.100)
Last updated 15:11  7 Apr 1993

    Location: /pub/csc/graphics/format
      FILE      rwxrwxr--     95442  Dec  4  1991   dxf.doc

Host rainbow.cse.nau.edu   (134.114.64.24)
Last updated 17:09  1 Jun 1992

    Location: /graphics/formats
      FILE      rw-r--r--     95442  Mar 23 23:31   dxf.doc

Host ftp.waseda.ac.jp   (133.9.1.32)
Last updated 00:47  5 Apr 1993

    Location: /pub/data/graphic
      FILE      rw-r--r--     39753  Nov 18  1991   dxf.doc.Z

-- 
J"org Wunsch, ham: dl8dtl    : joerg_wunsch@uriah.sax.de
If anything can go wrong...  :   ...or:
     .o .o                   : joerg@sax.de,wutcd@hadrian.hrz.tu-chemnitz.de,
       <_      ... IT WILL!  : joerg_wunsch@tcd-dresden.de

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38286
From: lcd@umcc.umcc.umich.edu (Leon Dent)
Subject: Re: MPEG for x-windows MONO needed.

On sunsite.unc.edu in pub/multimedia/utilities/unix find 
 mpeg_play-2.0.tar.Z.

I find for mono it works best as mpeg_play -dither threshold 
   though you can use            mpeg_play -dither mono

Face it, this is not be the best viewing situation.

Also someone has made a patch for mpeg_play that gives two more mono
modes  (mono2 and halftone).

They are by jan@pandonia.canberra.edu.au (Jan Newmarch).
And the patch can be found on csc.canberra.edu.au (137.92.1.1) under
/pub/motif/mpeg2.0.mono.patch.


Leon Dent
lcd@umcc.umich.edu
 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38287
From: mtoivakk@abo.fi (Martti Toivakka PAP)
Subject: Compiled version of VOGL-library for PC?


Has anybody compiled VOGL-graphics library
for IBM-PC? I need to call it from MS-Fortran
but don't have MS-C to compile the sources.

Thanks for any help...


martti toivakka
mtoivakk@abo.fi


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38288
From: sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543))
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Has anyone got multiverse to work ?

I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.

There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
(After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
setting to static - else the client core-dumped)

Steve
-- 

         Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
| Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
| Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
| Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
         (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38289
From: ederveen@athena.research.ptt.nl (Ederveen D.)
Subject: Micro World Data Bank II ?

I'm looking for a database called "Micro World Data Bank II", a database
with digital map information containing 178,068 latitude, longitude points.
It is said to be in the public domain. If anyone knows a place where I can
get it (preferably FTP/gopher/mailserver etc.; otherwise snail mail) please
let me know. I you have it yourself and are willing to send me the file,
drop me a line.

I'll be using it with a program called VERSAMAP by Charles H. Culberson.
If anyone knows of another detailed database that can be used with this
program (preferably PD), I would be very interested.

Replies by e-mail please, directly to me, I don't read this group regularly.
If there's interest I'll post a summary, of course.
--
Derk Ederveen                        (FidoNet 2:283/323)  tel. +31-70-3323202
D.N.M.Ederveen@research.ptt.nl / ederveen@hlsdnl5.bitnet  fax. +31-70-3326477
  x400: /c=nl/admd=400net/prmd=ptt research/o=ptt research/s=ederveen/i=dnm
  ** "I wish I was a warrior, in every language that I speak" - Lou Reed **

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38290
From: young@is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp (YOUNG Shio Hong)
Subject: Looking for Dr. Bala R. Vatti's email address

Hi!

I am looking for the email address of the author to
"A Generic Solution to Polygon Clipping", 
Communication of the ACM, July 1992, Vol. 35, No. 7. 
I got information about the author as follows
	Mr. Bala R. Vatti
	LCEC, 65 River Road, Hudson, N.H. 03051
	email: vatti@waynar.lcec.lockheed
I want to get some related and detailed papers about the
same topic from the author. But I failed to send my email 
to the address. Any information is appreciated.

Thank you very much.

Best regards.

S. H. Young
Kunii Lab
Dept. of Information Science
Faculty of Science
University of Tokyo
Bunkyo-Ku, Hongo 7-3-1
113 Tokyo, Japan
email: young@is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38291
From: michael_maier@qmgate.anl.gov (Michael Maier)
Subject: Round VS Elliptical DOT Screens

When using Photoshop is there anyway to get an elliptical dot for the
halftone screen rather than a round dot ? My printer would prefer an
elliptical dot, but I'm not sure how to set it up. I'm sending from a Mac
IIci to a Linotronic L300 imagesetter and I am using Photoshop 2.0.1 to
make my separations.

Any help would be greatly appreshed. T.I.A. 

Michael (Unscene) 


Michael Maier, Computer Artist, ANL  |  [|]---*Z* Glued to the veiw.      
            
Email michael_maier@qmgate.anl.gov   | "TV is the milk of Amnesia."  
Phone 708 252 5298                   |  Michael Maier

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38292
From: spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

In article <30523@hacgate.SCG.HAC.COM> lee@luke.rsg.hac.com (C. Lee) writes:
>The original posting complained (1) about SGI coming out with newer (and
>better) architectures and not having an upgrade path from the older ones,
>and (2) that DEC did.

No.  That's *not* what I was complaining about, nor did I intend to
suggest that DEC was any better than SGI (let me tell you about the
Lynx some day, but be prepared with a large sedative if you do...).  My
comment regarding DEC was to indicate that I might be open to other vendors
that supported OpenGL, rather than deal further with SGI.

What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
for a while, rather than being flushed.

Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
getting boned in the process.

Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs
and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.
The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond.  That
means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).

Now you'll have to pardon me while I go off and hiss and fume in a
corner somewhere and think dark, libelous thoughts.

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"My other car is a car, too."
                 - Bumper strip seen on I-805

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38293
From: cheinan@access.digex.com (Cheinan Marks)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

: Robert G. Carpenter writes:

: >Hi Netters,
: >
: >I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
: >some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
: >
: >Can you please offer some recommendations?
: >
: >I'll also need contact info (name, address, email...) if you can find it.
: >
: >Thanks
: >
: >(Please Post Your Responses, in case others have same need)
: >
: >Bob Carpenter
: >

The following is extracted from sumex-aim.stanford.edu.  It should also be on
the mirrors.  I think there is source for some applications that may have some
bearing on your project.  Poke around the source directory.  I've never used
this package, nor do I know anyone who did, but the price is right :-)

Hope this helps.

					Cheinan

Abstracts of files as of Thu Apr  1 03:11:39 PST 1993
Directory: info-mac/source

#### BINHEX     3d-grafsys-121.hqx   ****

Date: Fri, 5 Mar 93 14:13:07 +0100
From: Christian Steffen Ove Franz <cfranz@iiic.ethz.ch>
To: questions@mac.archive.umich.edu
Subject: 3d GrafSys 1.21 in incoming directory
A 3d GrafSys short description follows:

Programmers 3D GrafSys Vers 1.21 now available. 

Version 1.21 is mainly a bugfix for THINK C users. THIS VERSION
NOW RUNS WITH THINK C, I PROMISE! The Docs now contain a chapter for
C programmers on how to use the GrafSys. If you have problems, feel free 
to contact me.
The other change is that I removed the FastPerfTrig calls from
the FPU version to make it run faster.

Those of you who don't know what all this is about, read on.

********

Programmers 3D GrafSys -- What it is:
-------------------------------------

Didn't you always have this great game in mind where you needed some way of 
drawing three-dimensional scenes? 

Didn't you always want to write this program that visualized the structure 
of three-dimensional molecules?

And didn't the task of writing your 3D conversions routines keep you from 
actually doing it?

Well if the answer to any of the above questions is 'Yes, but what has it to 
do with this package???' , read on.

GrafSys is a THINK Pascal/C library that provides you with simple routines 
for building, saving, loading (as resources), and manipulating 
(independent rotating around arbitrary achses, translating and scaling) 
three dimensional objects. Objects, not just simple single-line drawings.

GrafSys supports full 3D clipping, animation and some (primitive) hidden-
line/hidden-surface drawing with simple commands from within YOUR PROGRAM.

GrafSys also supports full eye control with both perspective and parallel
projections (If you can't understand a word, don't worry, this is just showing
off for those who know about it. The docs that come with it will try to explain
what it all means later on). 

GrafSys provides a powerful interface to supply your own drawing routines with
data so you can use GrafSys to do the 3D transformations and your own routines
to do the actual drawing. (Note that GrafSys also provides drawing routines so
you don't have to worry about that if you don't want to)

GrafSys 1.11 comes in two versions. One for the 881 and 020 or above 
processors. The other version uses fixed-point arithmetic and runs on any Mac.
Both versions are *100% source compatibel*. 

GrafSys comes with an extensive manual that teaches you the fundamentals of 3D
graphics and how to use the package.

If demand is big enough I will convert the GrafSys to an object-class library. 
However, I feelt that the way it is implemented now makes it easier to use for
a lot more people than the select 'OOP-Guild'.

GrafSys is free for any non-commercial usage. Read the documentation enclosed.


Enjoy,
Christian Franz

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38294
From: Peter.vanderveen@visser.el.wau.nl  (Peter van der Veen)
Subject: Re: Fonts in POV??

In Article <1qg9fc$et9@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au> "g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)" says:
> 
> 
> 	I have seen several ray-traced scenes (from MTV or was it 
> RayShade??) with stroked fonts appearing as objects in the image.
> The fonts/chars had color, depth and even textures associated with
> them.  Now I was wondering, is it possible to do the same in POV??
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Noel
> 
Yes, there are serveral programs which can convert font files (eq the Borland
fonts) to objects consisting of spheres, cones etc. 
I've used a program (forgot its name/place, but i can look for it) which
converted these Borland fonts to three different raytracers. Vivid, POV and
Polyray (which i like more (more flexibel/faster/use of expressions etc).
The program has a lot nice features.
So if interested give me a mail.

 /*---------*\*/*-------------------------------------------*\
 *|  ____/|  *|*    PETER.VANDERVEEN@VISSER.EL.WAU.NL       |*
 *|  \ o.O|  *|*    Department of Genetics                  |*
 *|   =(_)=  *|*    Agricultural University                 |*
 *|     U    *|*    Wageningen, The Netherlands             |*
 \*---------*/*\*-------------------------------------------*/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38295
From: Geoffrey_Hansen@mindlink.bc.ca (Geoffrey Hansen)
Subject: Re: VESA on the Speedstar 24

Using the VMODE command, all you need to do is type VMODE VESA at the dos
prompt. VMODE is included with the Speedstar 24.  I have used the VESA mode
for autodesk animator pro.

--
   <=================================================|
             |     geoffrey_hansen@mindlink.bc.ca    |
             |=================================================>
 "Inumerable confusions and a feeling of despair invariably emerge
  in periods of great technological and cultural transition."
                                                     Marshall McLuhan


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38296
From: ruocco@ghost.dsi.unimi.it (sergio ruocco)
Subject: Re: HOT NEW 3D Software


I don't have nor Imagine nor Real 3d, but as old
Amiga user I think you should take a look also to 
Real 3d 2.0 for the Amiga. I saw Imagine 2.0 on the
Amiga for a long time at my friend's home, and
I've seen R3D 2.0 in action at Bit.Movie 93 in Riccione,
Italy (an Italian Computer Graphics Contest).
Many professionals using 3d Studio on PC, SoftImage
for Silicon Graphics and Imagine on the Amiga were 
*VERY IMPRESSED* by the power of this programs.
Sorry, I've lost the posting with full description 
of features of this great program.

For more informations give a look in comp.sys.amiga.graphics.

Representative of Activa International told me that
it will be out in 2 weeks for the Amiga and that
PC MS-Windows, Silicon Indigo and Unix version are 
under development.

Ciao,
	Sergio




-- 
Sergio Ruocco - ruocco@ghost.sm.dsi.unimi.it
Via Di Vittorio, 4
I-20019 Settimo Milanese Milano
Phone: 0039-2-3283896

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38297
From: george@ccmail.larc.nasa.gov (George M. Brown)
Subject: Re: PCX

In article <1993Apr14.220100.17867@freenet.carleton.ca> ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle) writes:
>From: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca (Jason Wiggle)
>Subject: PCX
>Date: Wed, 14 Apr 1993 22:01:00 GMT
>
>Hello
>	HELP!!! please
>		I am a student of turbo c++ and graphics programming
>	and I am having some problems finding algorithms and code
>	to teach me how to do some stuff..
>
>	1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
>	to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?
>
>	2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
>	so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
>	800x600x256
>	3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?
>
>Thanks very much !
>
>send reply's to : Palm@snycanva.bitnet
>
>Peace be
>Blessed be
>Stephen Palm

A book that I can somewhat recommend is :
                     
                     Pratical Image Processing in C
                     by Craig A. Lindley
                     published by Wiley

It addresses reading/writing to/from PCX/TIFF files; image acquisition, 
manipulation and storage; and has source code in the book. The source is 
primarily written in Turbo C and naturally has conversion possibilities. I 
have converted some of it to Quick C. Naturally, the code has some problems 
in the book - as usuall. Typos, syntax, etc. are problems. It can be a good 
learning experience for someone who is studying C. There is also a companion 
disk with source available for order and $50.00. Overall, the book is not 
bad. I acquired the book at WaldenSoftware.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38298
From: rschmitt@shearson.com (Robert Schmitt)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library F

What hardware do plan to run on?  Workstation or PC?  Cost level?
Run-time licensing needs?

Bob
------------------------------------------------------------------
Robert A. Schmitt | Applied Derivatives Technology | Lehman Brothers
rschmitt@shearson.com



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38299
From: weber@sipi.usc.edu (Allan G. Weber)
Subject: Need help with Mitsubishi P78U image printer

Our group recently bought a Mitsubishi P78U video printer and I could use some
help with it.  We bought this thing because it (1) has a parallel data input in
addition to the usual video signal inputs and (2) claimed to print 256 gray
level images.  However, the manual that came with it only describes how to
format the parallel data to print 1 and 4 bit/pixel images.  After some initial
problems with the parallel interface I now have this thing running from a
parallel port of an Hewlett-Packard workstation and I can print 1 and 4
bit/pixel images just fine.  I called the Mitsubishi people and asked about the
256 level claim and they said that was only available when used with the video
signal inputs.  This was not mentioned in the sales literature.  However they
did say the P78U can do 6 bit/pixel (64 level) images in parallel mode, but
they didn't have any information about how to program it to do so, and they
would call Japan, etc.

Frankly, I find it hard to believe that if this thing can do 8 bit/pixel images
from the video source, it can't store 8 bits/pixel in the memory.  It's not
like memory is that expensive any more.  If anybody has any information on
getting 6 bit/pixel (or even 8 bit/pixel) images out of this thing, I would
greatly appreciate your sending it to me.

Thanks.

Allan Weber
Signal & Image Processing Institute
University of Southern California
weber@sipi.usc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38300
From: renggli@masg1.epfl.ch (loris renggli)
Subject: Need graph display/edit

I am looking for a program that is capable of displaying a graph
with nodes and links and with the possibility to edit interactively
the graph : add one node, change one link etc...

Actually, a very _simple_ X11 program would be ok; all I need is to
put some "boxes" (i.e. the nodes ) on a pane and be able to
manipulate them with the mouse (move, add or delete boxes).

Does anyone know if such program is available ?
Thanks for any help !!

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Loris RENGGLI                          phone  : +41-21-6934230
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology  fax    : +41-21-6934303
Math. Dept
CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)         e-mail : renggli@masg1.epfl.ch


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38301
From: Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu>
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.

Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
dynamic material.
========================================================================
Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38302
Subject: XGA-2 info?
From: rleberle@sparc2.cstp.umkc.edu (Rainer Leberle)

Hi,
has anyone more info about the XGA-2 chipset?
HW-funcs, TrueColor, Resolutions,...
Any boards with XGA-2 out yet?

thanks
Rainer

-- 
Rainer Leberle	                           rleberle@sparc2.cstp.umkc.edu
University of Kansas City, MO  

>> New mail from clinton@whitehouse.dc.gov - (No Subject Specified)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38303
From: highlndr@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu (The Highlander)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

cptully@med.unc.edu (Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699) writes:

>Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
>about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
>help define or critique the spec.

HEAR HEAR!!!

>Finally, a little numerology:  42 is 24 backwards, and TIFF is a 24 bit
>image format...

REALLY? i thought that the reason it was 42 was that it is REALLY 24, but
written as 42 so that on Intel chips you could get the proper value :)

-pete

help stomp out the endian wars... break some eggs on their sides!

-- 
Peter Mueller (TheBishop)          | When a person commits a violation and sins
highlndr@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu          | unintentionally in regard to any of the
pmueller@mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu      | Lord's holy things, he is to bring to the
                                   | Lord as a penalty, a ram from the flock...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38304
From: mogal@deadhead.asd.sgi.com (Joshua Mogal)
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

|> My
|> comment regarding DEC was to indicate that I might be open to other
|> vendors
|> that supported OpenGL, rather than deal further with SGI.

OpenGL is a graphics programming library and as such is a great, portable
interface for the development of interactive 3D graphics applications. It
is not, however, an indicator of performance, as that will vary strongly
from machine to machine and vendor to vendor.  SGI is committed to high
performance interactive graphics systems and software tools, so OpenGL
means that you can port easily from SGI to other platforms, there is no
guarantee that your performance would be comparable.

|> 
|> What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
|> we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
|> Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

If your sales representative truly mislead you, then you should have a
valid grievance against us which you should carry up to your local SGI
sales management team. Feel free to contact the local branch manager...we
understand that repeat sales come from satisfied customers, so give it a
shot.

|> 
|> I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
|> previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
|> for a while, rather than being flushed.

As one of the previous posts stated, the Personal IRIS was introduced in
1988 and grew to include the 4D/20, 4D/25, 4D/30 and 4D/35 as clock rates
sped up over time. As a rule of thumb, SGI platforms live for about 4-5
years. This was true of the motorola-based 3000 series ('85-'89), the PI
('88-'93), the Professional Series (the early 4D's - '86-'90), the Power
Series parallel systems ('88-'93). Individual CPU subsystems running at a
particular clock rate usually live for about 2 years. New graphics
architectures at the high end (GT, VGX, RealityEngine) are released every
18 months to 2 years.

These are the facts of life.  If we look at these machines, they become
almost archaic after four years, and we have to come out with a new
platform (like Indigo, Onyx, Challenge) which has higher bus bandwidths,
faster CPUs, faster graphics and I/O, and larger disk capacities. If we
don't, we become uncompetitive.

From the user perspective, you have to buy a machine that meets your
current needs and makes economic sense today.  You can't wait to buy, but
if you need a guaranteed upgrade path for the machine, ask the Sales Rep
for one in writing. If it's feasible, they should be able to do that. Some
of our upgrade paths have specific programs associated with them, such as
the Performance Protection Program for older R3000-based Power Series
multiprocessing systems which allowed purchasers of those systems to obtain
a guaranteed upgrade price for moving to the new Onyx or Challenge
R4400-based 64-bit multiprocessor systems.

|> 
|> Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
|> keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
|> pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
|> just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
|> getting boned in the process.
|> 

If that's happening, it's becausing of misunderstandings or
mis-communication, not because SGI is directly attempting to annoy our
customer base.

|> Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
|> aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
|> for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs
|> and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
|> every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.

Most SGI customers are onesy-twosey types, but regardless, we rarely give a
great deal of notice when we are about to introduce a new system because
again, like a previous post stated, if we pre-announced and the schedule
slipped, we would mess up our potential customers schedules (when they were
counting on the availability of the new systems on a particular date) and
would also look awfully bad to both our investors and the financial
analysts who watch us most carefully to see if we are meeting our
commitments.

|> The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
|> entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond. That
|> means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
|> have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
|> previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
|> vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
|> And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
|> could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
|> supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).
|> 

Five years is an awfully long time in computer years. New processor
technologies are arriving every 1-2 years, making a 5 year old computer at
least 2 and probably 3 generations behind the times. The competitive nature
of the market is demanding that rate of development, so if your timing is
really 5 years between purchases, you have to accept the limited viability
of whatever architecture you buy into from any vendor.

There are some realities about the computer biz that we all have to live
with, but keeping customers happy is the most important, so don't give up,
we know it.

Josh   |:-)

-- 


**************************************************************************
**				     **					**
**	Joshua Mogal		     **	Product Manager			**
**	Advanced Graphics Division   **	  Advanced Graphics Systems	**
**	Silicon Graphics Inc.	     **	Market Manager			**
**	2011 North Shoreline Blvd.   **	  Virtual Reality		**
**	Mountain View, CA 94039-7311 **	  Interactive Entertainment	**
**	M/S 9L-580		     **					**
**				     *************************************
**	Tel:	(415) 390-1460						**
**	Fax:	(415) 964-8671						**
**	E-mail:	mogal@sgi.com						**
**									**
**************************************************************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38305
Subject: Rendering Software for Multi-processor Computer S
From: wcarter@trident.datasys.swri.edu (William Carter)


Hello,

    I am searching for rendering software which has been developed
to specifically take advantage of multi-processor computer systems.
Any pointers to such software would be greatly appreciated.
    
Thanks.

-- 
Billy Carter, Software Engineering Section
Southwest Research Institute
wcarter@swri.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38306
From: lvandyke@balboa.eng.uci.edu (Lee Van Dyke)
Subject: Wanted: map of the world type gifs

Hi, can anyone direct me to map type gifs? 

I am interesting in cartography and would find
these gifs useful.

tia,

--
Lee Van Dyke
      lvandyke@balboa.eng.uci.edu,
UUCP: infotec!Infotec.COM!lee@sunkist.West.Sun.COM

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38307
From: dkennett@fraser.sfu.ca (Daniel Kennett)
Subject: [POV] Having trouble bump mapping a gif to a sphere


Hello,
  I've been trying to bump map a gif onto a sphere for a while and I
can't seem to get it to work.  Image mapping works, but not bump
mapping.  Here's a simple file I was working with, could some kind
soul tell me whats wrong with this.....

#include "colors.inc"
#include "shapes.inc"
#include "textures.inc"
 
camera {
  location  <0 1 -3>
  direction <0 0 1.5>
  up        <0 1 0>
  right     <1.33 0 0>
  look_at   <0 1 2>
}
 
object { light_source { <2 4 -3> color White }
       }
 
object {
  sphere { <0 1 2> 1 }
   texture {
     bump_map { 1 <0 1 2> gif "surf.gif"}
   }
}

NOTE: surf.gif is a plasma fractal from Fractint that is using the
landscape palette map.

  
	Thanks in advance
	   -Daniel-

*======================================================================* 
| Daniel Kennett	 		                               |
| dkennett@sfu.ca          		   			       |
| "Our minds are finite, and yet even in those circumstances of        |
|  finitude, we are surrounded by possibilities that are infinite, and |
|  the purpose of human life is to grasp as much as we can out of that |
|  infinitude." - Alfred North Whitehead                               |  
*======================================================================*

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38308
From: talluri@osage.csc.ti.com (Raj Talluri)
Subject: Point of intersection of n lines

Hi,

Can anybody suggest robust algorithms/code for computing the point of intersection
on n, 2-d lines in a plane. The data has outliers and hence a simple least squares
technique does not seem to provide satifactory results.

Please respond by e-mail and I will post the summary to the newsgroups
if there is sufficient interest.

Thanks,

Raj Talluri
Member Technical Staff
Image Understanding Branch
Texas Instruments
Central Research Labs
Dallas, Texas 75248

talluri@csc.ti.com



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38309
From: lusardi@cs.buffalo.edu (Christopher Lusardi)
Subject: Program Included: 2 Edge Detection Algorithms!

/*

This program doesn't detect edges with compass operators and a laplacian
operator. It should output 2 raw grey-scale images with edges. The output
doesn't look like edges at all.

In novicee terms, how do I correct the errors? Any improvements are welcome.
(I'll even accept your corrected code.)

(If I convolve the INPUT.IMAGE with a digital gaussian [7 by 7] to remove
noise, will I get an improvement with the laplacian.)

--------------------------2 types of edge detection-------------------------*/
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <math.h> 

#define IMAGEWIDTH 300
#define IMAGEHEIGHT 300

unsigned char Input_Image [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];

unsigned char Angles_Wanted [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];
unsigned char Magnitude_Image [IMAGEHEIGHT][IMAGEWIDTH];

int Laplace_Op1 [3][3] = { 0,-1, 0, -1,4,-1,  0,-1, 0};

int Compass_Op1 [3][3] = { 1, 1, 1,  0,0, 0, -1,-1,-1};
int Compass_Op2 [3][3] = { 1, 1, 0,  1,0,-1,  0,-1,-1};
int Compass_Op3 [3][3] = { 1, 0,-1,  1,0,-1,  1, 0,-1};
int Compass_Op4 [3][3] = { 0,-1,-1,  1,0,-1,  1, 1, 0};
int Compass_Op5 [3][3] = {-1,-1,-1,  0,0, 0,  1, 1, 1};
int Compass_Op6 [3][3] = {-1,-1, 0, -1,0, 1,  0, 1, 1};
int Compass_Op7 [3][3] = {-1, 0, 1, -1,0, 1, -1, 0, 1};
int Compass_Op8 [3][3] = { 0, 1, 1, -1,0, 1, -1,-1, 0};

void Compass (row,col)
int row,col;
{
  int value;
  int op_rows, op_cols;
  int Compass1,Compass2,Compass3,Compass4;
  int Compass5,Compass6,Compass7,Compass8;
  
  Compass1 = Compass2 = Compass3 = Compass4 = 0;
  Compass5 = Compass6 = Compass7 = Compass8 = 0;
  
  for (op_rows = -1; op_rows < 2; op_rows++)
    for (op_cols = -1; op_cols < 2; op_cols++)
      {
	if (((row + op_rows) >= 0) && ((col + op_cols) >= 0))
	  {
	    
	    Compass1 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op1 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass2 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op2 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass3 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op3 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass4 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op4 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass5 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op5 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass6 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op6 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass7 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op7 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    Compass8 += ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols]) * 
	                       Compass_Op8 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1];
	    
	  }
      }
  if (Compass1 < Compass2)
    value = Compass2;
  else 
    value = Compass1;      
  if (value < Compass3)
    value = Compass3;
  if (value < Compass4)
    value = Compass4;
  if (value < Compass5)
    value = Compass5;
  if (value < Compass6)
    value = Compass6;
  if (value < Compass7)
    value = Compass7;
  if (value < Compass8)
    value = Compass8;

  Magnitude_Image [row][col] = (char) value;
}

void Laplace1 (row,col)
int row,col;
{
  int op_rows, op_cols;

  Magnitude_Image [row][col] = 0;
  for (op_rows = -1; op_rows < 2; op_rows++)
    for (op_cols = -1; op_cols < 2; op_cols++)
      if (((row + op_rows) >= 0) && ((col + op_cols) >= 0))
	Magnitude_Image [row][col] = 
	  (char) ((int)Magnitude_Image [row][col] +
		  ((int) Input_Image [row + op_rows][col + op_cols] * 
		   Laplace_Op1 [op_rows + 1][op_cols + 1]));
}

main  ()
{
  FILE *Original_Image_fp;
  FILE *Laplace1_mag_fp,*Laplace2_mag_fp,*Laplace3_mag_fp;
  FILE *Compass_mag_fp;

  int row, col, Algo_Count;

  Original_Image_fp = fopen ("INPUT.IMAGE","rb");

  Laplace1_mag_fp = fopen ("Laplace1_Magnitude","wb");
  Compass_mag_fp = fopen ("Compass_Magnitude","wb");

  fread ((unsigned char *) Input_Image,sizeof(unsigned char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Original_Image_fp);
  for (Algo_Count = 0; Algo_Count < 2;Algo_Count ++)
    {
      for (row = 0; row < IMAGEHEIGHT; row++) 
	for (col = 0; col < IMAGEWIDTH; col++) 
	  if (!Algo_Count)
	    Laplace1 (row,col);
	  else 
	    Compass (row,col);
      
      if (!Algo_Count)
	fwrite(Magnitude_Image,sizeof(char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Laplace1_mag_fp);
      else 
	fwrite(Magnitude_Image,sizeof(char),IMAGEHEIGHT * IMAGEWIDTH,Compass_mag_fp);
    }
}

  
-- 
|  .-,                ###|For a lot of .au music: ftp sounds.sdsu.edu
| /   /   __  ,  _    ###|then cat file.au > /dev/audio
| \_>/ >_/ (_/\_/<>_     |UB library catalog:telnet bison.acsu.buffalo.edu
|_                14261 _|(When in doubt ask: xarchie, xgopher, or xwais.)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38310
From: robert@cpuserver.acsc.com (Robert Grant)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

Hi Steve,

As the author of Multiverse, I feel I had better respond to your
mailnote questioning whether anyone had managed to compile this
software - the quick answer is yes! The long answer is yes - but a
few have had a few problems with their platforms - not all unix's are
the same, you know! As far as "many bugs" go, it would probably be more
useful to everyone (including you) if you were a bit more explicit! :-)

Platforms it has succesfully compiled and run on are: RS6000, Dec Ultrix
Sun Solaris so it is possible.

The main problem is that I don't have access to other platforms than the
RS6000, so if there are portability problems then the only way I hear
about them is by people letting me know and giving me a clue as to
how to fix it.

As far as the software not doing anything, do you really think I would
bother releasing it, if that was the case? Perhaps you didn't read the
few docs that ARE supplied. The dogfight world is made up of clients
only, so if you're in there on your own, then you're not going to see
anything! The dactyl world has quite a lot of scenary - so if you don't
see anything there, then this is definitely a problem!

One final word - if you're not interested, don't bother with it.
If you are interested, then please remember that I'm not asking for
any money! So why not try a little patience and constructive criticism,
maybe that will get results??

Robert.
robert@acsc.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38311
From: <NT3QC@CUNYVM.BITNET>
Subject: RE: Hot new 3D software

I don't think speed has been determined, since it has never run on Intel chips.
But on the Amiga's Motorola Chips, it was one of the fastest true 'Ray Tracers'

I don't think Impulse would port it over and not take speed into consideration.

In terms of features, and learning curve... ALL that you stated for 3DS is also
true for Imagine, and lots more... But I'll have to admit that after 3 years of
use on the Amiga, the learning curve is very steep. This is due ONLY to the
manual. It is realy BAD. However, there is a lot of after market support for
this product, including regular 'Tips' articles in many magazines such as "AVID
and a great book by Steve Worley called "Understanding Imagine 2.0" This book i
is not just recommened, IT IS A MUST!

I think an important consideration should be price......
$3000 for 3DS (Not including "tool" packages)
Under $500 for Imagine complete.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38312
From: spencer@med.umich.edu (Spencer W. Thomas)
Subject: Re: cylinder and ray


Sketch:  Rotate so cylinder axis is || Z axis.

Intersect X/Y projection of line with projected cylinder (similar to,
but easier than, sphere intersection).  Result: no intersection, one
intersection, or two intersections, parameterized along line by t0 and
t1.  Now look at Z, and compute intersections of line with top and
bottom planes of cylinder.  This gives t0' and t1'.  The interval of
intersection is then the bit of the line from [t0,t1] INTERSECT [t0',t1'].

Details left as an exercise for the reader.

=S
--
=Spencer W. Thomas 		|  Info Tech and Networking, B1911 CFOB, 0704
   "Genome Informatician"	|  Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Spencer.W.Thomas@med.umich.edu	|  313-764-8065, FAX 313-764-4133

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38313
From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)
Subject: Sphere from 4 points?

Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Thanks,
Ed


-- 
Ed Bolson
University of Washington  Cardiovascular Research               (206)543-4535
bolson@u.washington.edu (preferred)
bolson@max.bitnet                bolson@milton.u.washington.edu (if you must)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38314
Subject: [ANNOUNCE] Ivan Sutherland to speak at Harvard
From: eekim@husc11.harvard.edu (Eugene Kim)

The Harvard Computer Society is pleased to announce its third lecture of
the spring.  Ivan Sutherland, the father of computer graphics and an
innovator in microprocessing, will be speaking at Harvard University on
Tuesday, April 20, 1993, at 4:00 pm in Aiken Computations building, room
101.  The title of his talk is "Logical Effort and the Conflict over the
Control of Information."

Cookies and tea will be served at 3:30 pm in the Aiken Lobby.  Admissions
is free, and all are welcome.

Aiken is located north of the Science Center near the Law School.

For more information, send e-mail to eekim@husc.harvard.edu.

The lecture will be videotaped, and a tape will be made available.

Thanks.

-- 
Eugene Kim '96                     |   "Give me a place to stand, and I will
INTERNET: eekim@husc.harvard.edu   |    move the earth."        --Archimedes

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38315
From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: windows imagine??!!


Has ANYONE who has ordered the new PC version of Imagine ACTUALLY recieved
it yet?   I'm just about ready to order but reading posts about people still
awaiting delivery are making me a little paranoid.  Has anyone actually 
held this piece of software in their own hands?

Later,

Jim Nobles


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38316
From: morley@suncad.camosun.bc.ca (Mark Morley)
Subject: VGA Mode 13h Routines Available

Hi there,

I've made a VGA mode 13h graphics library available via FTP.  I originally
wrote the routines as a kind of exercise for myself, but perhaps someone
here will find them useful.  They are certainly useable as they are, but
are missing some higher-level functionality.  They're intended more as an
intro to mode 13h programming, a starting point.

*** The library assumes a 386 processor, but it is trivial to modify it
*** for a 286.  If enough people ask, I'll make the mods and re-post it as a
*** different version.

The routines are written in assembly (TASM) and are callable from C.  They
are fairly simple, but I've found them to be very fast (for my purposes,
anyway).  Routines are included to enter and exit mode 13h, define a
"virtual screen", put and get pixels, put a pixmap (rectangular image with
no transparent spots), put a sprite (image with see-thru areas), copy
areas of the virtual screen into video memory, etc.  I've also included a
simple C routine to draw a line, as well as a C routine to load a 256
color GIF image into a buffer.  I also wrote a quick'n'dirty(tm) demo program
that bounces a bunch of sprites around behind three "windows".

The whole package is available on spang.camosun.bc.ca in /pub/dos/vgl.zip 
It is zipped with pkzip 2.04g

It is completely in the public domain, as far as I'm concerned.  Do with
it whatever you like.  However, it'd be nice to get credit where it's due,
and maybe an e-mail telling me you like it (if you don't like it don't bother)

Mark
morley@camosun.bc.ca

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38317
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

I searched the U Mich archives fairly thoroughly for 3D graphics packages,
I always thought it to be a mirror of sumex-aim.stanford.edu... I was wrong.
I'll look into GrafSys... it does sound interesting!

Thanks Cheinan.

BobC



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38318
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library F

Sorry about not mentioning platform... my original post was to mac.programmer,
and then decided to post here to comp.graphics.

I'd like the 3D software to run on primarily Mac in either C, Object Pascal
(Think or MPW). But, I'll port to Windows later, so a package that runs on
Mac and has a Windows version would be ideal.

I'm looking for a package that has low upfront costs, and reasonable licensing
costs... of course :)

BobC



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38319
From: steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>
>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Wouldn't this require a hyper-sphere.  In 3-space, 4 points over specifies
a sphere as far as I can see.  Unless that is you can prove that a point
exists in 3-space that is equi-distant from the 4 points, and this may not
necessarily happen.

Correct me if I'm wrong (which I quite possibly am!)

steve
---



-- 
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Steven Collins			| email: steve@crl.hitachi.co.jp |
| Visiting Computer Graphics Researcher	| phone: (0423)-23-1111 	 |
| Hitachi Central Research Lab. Tokyo.	| fax:   (0423)-27-7742		 |

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38320
From: spworley@netcom.com (Steve Worley)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:

>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

It's not a bad question: I don't have any refs that list this algorithm
either. But thinking about it a bit, it shouldn't be too hard.

1) Take three of the points and find the plane they define as well as
the circle that they lie on (you say you have this algorithm already)

2) Find the center  of this circle. The line passing through this center
perpendicular to the plane of the three points passes through the center of
the sphere.

3) Repeat with the unused point and two of the original points. This
gives you two different lines that both pass through the sphere's
origin. Their interection is the center of the sphere.

4) the radius is easy to compute, it's just the distance from the center to
any of the original points.

I'll leave the math to you, but this is a workable algorithm. :-)


An alternate method would be to take pairs of points: the plane formed
by the perpendicular bisector of each line segment pair also contains the
center of the sphere. Three pairs will form three planes, intersecting
at a point. This might be easier to implement.

-Steve
spworley@netcom.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38321
From: HURH@FNAL.FNAL.GOV (Patrick Hurh)
Subject: Rayshade to DXF,RIB,etc.. (Strata)?

I'm a mac user who wants to use some of the rayshade models I've built
using macrayshade (rayshade-M) with Stratavision 3d.  Since Stratavision
can import many different model files I thought this would be a cinch...
but I haven't been able to find a simple translator that will work on the
mac.  Any ideas?

Stratavision 3d should be able to import:

DXF
MiniCAD
Super 3d
Swivel 3d professional

out of the box and:

RIB
IGS

with externals.

Also, if anyone knows of any other translator externals available for
Stratavision 3d (esp. Rayshade!) please e-mail me!

BTW, I'm going to send mail to the rayshade usrs mailing list tomorrow (I
misplaced the address) but since most users of rayshade do not seem to
operate with macs, I'm not getting my hopes up...

thanks in advance,

--patrick.                hurh@fnal.fnal.gov

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38323
From: dkusswur@falcon.depaul.edu (Daniel C. Kusswurm)
Subject: Siggraph 1987 Course Notes

I am looking for a copy of the following Siggraph publication: Gomez, J.E.
"Comments on Event Driven Annimation," Siggraph Course Notes, 10, 1987.

If anyone knows of a location where I can obtain a copy of these notes, I
would appreciate if they could let me know.  Thanks.

dkusswur@falcon.depaul.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38324
From: bbs.mirage@tsoft.net (Jerry Lee)
Subject: Cobra 2.0 1-b-1 Video card HELP ME!!!!

Does ANYONE out there in Net-land have any information on the Cobra 2.20 
card?  The sticker on the end of the card reads
        Model: Cobra 1-B-1
        Bios:  Cobra v2.20

I Havn't been able to find anything about it from anyone!  If you have 
any information on how to get a hold of the company which produces the 
card or know where any drivers are for it, PLEASE let me know!

As far as I can tell, it's a CGA card that is taking up 2 of my 16-bit 
ISA slots but when I enable the test patterns, it displays much more than 
the usualy 4 CGA colors... At least 16 from what I can count.. Thanks!

              .------------------------------------------.
              : Internet: jele@eis.calstate.edu          :
              :           bbs.mirage@gilligan.tsoft.net  :
              :           bbs.mirage@tsoft.sf-bay.org    :
              :           mirage@thetech.com             :
              : UUCP    : apple.com!tsoft!bbs.mirage     :
              `------------------------------------------'
 
                    Computer and Video Imaging Major

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38325
From: Lars.Jorgensen@p7.syntax.bbs.bad.se (Lars Jorgensen)
Subject: Externel processes for 3D Studio

To:All

Hi,

Does anybody have the source code to the externel processes that comes with 3D 
Studio, and mabe som kind of DOC for writing the processes your self.


/Lars

+++ Author: Lars_Jorgensen@p7.syntax.bbs.bad.se, Syntax BBS, Denmark

--- GoldED 2.41

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38326
From: valo@cvtstu.cvt.stuba.cs (Valo Roman)
Subject: Re: Text Recognition software availability

In article <C4IHqM.7v3@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
|> One more time: is there any >free< OCR software out there?
|>
|> I ask this question periodically and haven't found anything.  This is
|> the last time.  If I don't find anything, I'm going to write some
|> myself.
|> 
|> Post here or email me if you have any leads or suggestions, else just
|> sit back and wait for me. :)
|> 
|> ab

I'm not sure if this is free or shareware, but you can try to look to wsmrsimtel20.army.mil,
directory PD1:<MSDOS.DESKPUB>  file OCR104.ZIP .
From the file SIMIBM.LST :
OCR104.ZIP    B   93310  910424  Optical character recognition for scanners.

Hope this helps.

Roman Valo                                                          valo@cvt.stuba.cs
Slovak Technical University
Bratislava 
Slovakia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38327
From: johne@iti.gov.sg (Dr. John S. Eickemeyer)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

Off the top of my head, I might try:

Given: p_1, p_2, p_3, p_4

Find:  p_c (center of sphere determined by p_1, ..., p_4), 
       dist(p_c, p_i) (radius)

p_c is the same distance from our four points, so
dist(p_c,p_1) = dist(p_c,p_2) = dist(p_c,p_3) = dist(p_c,p_4) 

Of course, we can square the whole thing to get rid of square roots:
distsq(p_c,p_1) = distsq(p_c,p_2) = distsq(p_c,p_3) = distsq(p_c,p_4) 

Plug in the variables into the distance formula, simplify, and the 
x^2_c, y^2_c, and z^2_c terms cancel out, leaving you with three 
linearly independent equations and three unknowns (x_c, y_c, z_c).  
Solve using your favorite method.  :)


All the best,

- John :)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. John S. Eickemeyer                 ::     "The Lord God is subtle,
Information Technology Institute      ::::     but malicious He is not."
National Computer Board, Singapore     ::
Email: johne@iti.gov.sg                ::                     - Albert Einstein
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38328
From: neideck@nestvx.enet.dec.com (Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

The 68070 is a variation of the 68010 that was done a few years ago by
the European partners of Motorola. It has some integrated I/O controllers
and half a MMU, but otherwise it's a 68010. Think of it the same as
the 8086 and 80186 were.

		Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz

Distributed Multimedia Group, CEC Karlsruhe          EERP Portfolio Manager
Software Motion Pictures & BERKOM II Project         Multimedia Base Technology
Digital Equipment Corporation
neidecker@nestvx.enet.dec.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38329
From: rcomg@melomys.co.rmit.oz.AU (Mark Gregory)
Subject: AVI file format?


Hi,
	would someone please email the new AVI file
	format.  I'm sure that many people would 
like to know what it is exactly.

Thank you


Mark Gregory Lecturer m.gregory@rmit.edu.au PH(03)6603243 FAX(03)6621060
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology,
Department of Communication and Electronic Engineering,
P.O. Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001. AUSTRALIA.
--
Mark Gregory Lecturer m.gregory@rmit.edu.au PH(03)6603243 FAX(03)6621060
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology,
Department of Communication and Electronic Engineering,
P.O. Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001. AUSTRALIA.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38330
From: rob@rjck.UUCP (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Re: VGA 640x400 graphics mode

dutc0006@student.tc.umn.edu writes in article <C5G7qB.BMp@news2.cis.umn.edu>:
> >
> >Some VESA bios's support this mode (0x100).  And *any* VGA should be able to
> >support this (640x480 by 256 colors) since it only requires 256,000 bytes.
> >My 8514/a VESA TSR supports this; it's the only VESA mode by card can support
> >due to 8514/a restrictions. (A WD/Paradise)
> >
> >--
> >I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
> >             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)
> 
> 	Ahh no.  Possibly you punched in the wrong numbers on your
> calculator.  256 color modes take a byte per pixel so 640 time 480 is
> 307,200 which is 300k to be exact.  640x400x256 only takes 250k but I
> don't think it is a BIOS mode.  I wouldn't bet that all VGA cards can do
> that either.  If a VGA card has 512k I bet it can do both 640x400 and
> 640x480.  That by definition is SVGA, though not very high SVGA.
> 

Yes, I did punch in the wrong numbers (working too many late nites).  I
intended on stating 640x400 is 256,000 bytes.  It's not in the bios, just my
VESA TSR.

--
I am not responsible for anything I do or say -- I'm just an opinion.
             Robert J.C. Kyanko (rob@rjck.UUCP)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38331
From: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter)
Subject: CView answers

A very kind soul has mailed me this reply for the bugs in CView.
Since he isn't in the position to post this himself, he asked me to post
it for him, but to leave his name out. So here it comes:

CView has quite a number of bugs.  The one you mention is perhaps the most
annoying, but not the most dangerous.  As far as I can determine, it has to
do with the temp files that CView creates.  CView gives the user no control
over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
"current directory".  The problem you mention occurs (as far as I can tell)
when it runs out of disk space for its temp files. It seems as if CView
doesn't check properly for this situation.  As Cview decodes a jpeg, it seems 
to write out a temp file with all the pixel data with 24 bit colour
information. Then, for 8 bit displays, it does the "dithering", again writing
another file with the 8 bit colour information.  While it is writing this
second file, it also writes the data to your colour card. Then when it does
the last chunk of 8 bit data, it recopies all the data from the 8 bit file to
your screen again.  (It does this last "recopy" operation for its
"fit to screen" feature, even when this feature is not enabled.)

 The result of this process is the following:
  
     1) If it runs out of disk space when writing the first 24 bit file, all
        you ever see is as much data as it has room for, and the last bit of
        data is simply repeated over and over again because CView never
        realizes the disk has filled up and disk writes/reads aren't performed.

     2) If it has enough room for the 24 bit data, but runs out of room for
        the 8 bit data, you see almost all of the picture as it does the
        dithering and writes to the screen card.
        However, then when it finishes the dithering and recopies the data
        from the 8 bit file to screen (for whatever reason it does this)
        one again just gets a repetition of the last chunk of data for which
        there was room on the disk.

This is just a guess, but probably fairly accurate.  At least the general
idea is on track I think, although I have probably made errors in details
about file I/O etc.  The way around this is  of course to clear up sufficient
disk space.  The temp files for large JPEG's (1200x900 and bigger) can be
very large (3 Meg + 1 Meg ).  On some of the largest I have needed in excess
of 6 Meg free disk space.


CView has a much more serious bug: if you are trying to display a file from
a floppy, and you change floppies while CView has some temp file open on the
floppy, then CView in certain circumstances will write the directory (and FAT
table? I can't remember) for the removed floppy onto the newly inserted
floppy, thus corruptimg the new floppy in a very serious, possibly
unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
program to do this.  On the other hand, when choosing files in the Open Files
menu, CView insists on doing a few disk reads every time one moves the
hi-lighter square.  Incredibly annoying when it could do them all at once
when it gets the directory info.  And really, how much effort does it take to
sort a directory listing?


With much thanks to the originator of this article.
 +=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=+
 |        Rene Walter          |          renew@stack.urc.tue.nl           |
 +-----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
 | "Will I drown in tears of sorrow, Is there hope for tomorrow,           |
 |  Will this world ever get better, Can't we all just live together       |
 |  I don't wanna live in strife  , I just wanna live my life              |
 |  I deserve to have a future..."                                         |
 |                                     -The Good Girls    "Future"         |
 +=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38332
From: camter28@astro.ocis.temple.edu (Carter Ames)
Subject: Re: alt.raytrace (potential group)




    Yes, please create the group alt.raytrace soon!!
I'm hooked on pov.
geez. like I don't have anything better to do....
OH!! dave letterman is on...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38333
From: g.coulter@daresbury.ac.uk (G. Coulter)
Subject: SHADOW Optical Raytracing Package?

Hi Everyone ::

I am  looking for  some software  called SHADOW as 
far as  I know  its a   simple  raytracer  used in
the  visualization  of  synchrotron   beam  lines.
Now we have  an  old  version of the  program here
,but unfortunately we don't have any documentation
if anyone knows  where I  can  get  some  docs, or
maybe  a  newer  version  of  the program or  even 
another  program that does the same sort of  thing
I would love to hear from you.

PS I think SHADOW was written by a F Cerrina?

Anyone any ideas?

Thanks -Gary- SERC Daresbury Lab.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38334
From: erich@fi.gs.com (Erich Schlaikjer)
Subject: character recognition

  Is there any program available (free or otherwise) for taking a tiff or gif
or some other bitmapped file and turning it (or parts of it) into ascii
characters?

  DOS, OS/2 or platform independent programs if possible.

  Thanks.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38336
From: rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU (Richard Stoakley)
Subject: Need a good concave -> convex polygon algorithm

	We need a good concave ->convex polygon conversion routine.
I've tried a couple without much luck.  Please E-mail responses and I
will post a summary of any replies.  Thank you.

Richard Stoakley
rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38337
From: greg@cs.uct.ac.za (Gregory Torrance)
Subject: Automatic layout of state diagrams

Hi,

I'm hoping someone out there will be able to help our computer science
project group. We are doing computer science honours, and our project
is to do a 'graphical simulator for a finite state automata'.

Basically, the program must draw a diagram of a FSA from a textual grammar,
showing circles for states, and labeled arc's in-between.

The problem is working out the best way to layout the states, and draw the
arc's in-between so that as few arc's as possible cross each other.

If anyone has any suggestions/algorithms/bug-free ready to compile C code :) 
that might help us, it would be much appreciated.

Thanks in advance,

Gregory

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38338
From: ehgasm2@uts.mcc.ac.uk (Simon Marshall)
Subject: How do I compensate for photographic viewpoint and distortion?

Hi to all out there.  We have this problem, and I'm not certain I'm solving it
in the correct way.  I was wondering if anyone can shed light on this, or point
me in the right place to look...

We have an X-ray imaging camera and a metallic tube with a cylindrical hole
passing through it at a right angle to the tube's axis:

                                                          |
                                     ||                   [ image
                                                          |
  X-ray source ]                     ||                   | screen
                            metallic || tube              |
                                     ||                   |
                                                          |

We know source--screen centre distance, radius of the tube, radius of the hole.

We do some calculations based on the image of the hole on the screen.  However,
the calculations are mathematically highly complex, and must assume that the
object's hole projects an image (resembling an ellipse if the tube is not
parallel to the screen) in the centre of the screen.  However, it is unlikely
that the object is placed so conveniently.  

Firstly, we must transform the major and minor axis of the ellipse.  I cannot
know what the angle between the tube and screen is.  Do I have to assume that
they are parallel to do the transformation?  How do I do this transformation?

Secondly, there is a distortion of the image due to the screen being planar
(the source--screen distance increases as we move away from the centre of the
screen).  How can I compensate the ellipse's axis for this image distortion?

So, please can anyone give us a few pointers here?  How do we transform the
image so it appears as it would if it were in the centre of the screen, and how
do I deal with distortion due to the shape of the screen?

We'd appreciate any help, either posted or emailed.

Thanks in advance, Simon.
-- 
Simon Marshall, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
  "Football isn't about life and death.  It's more important than that." Bill
Email: S.Marshall@cs.hull.ac.uk   Phone: +44 482 465951  Fax: 466666   Shankley

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38339
From: bob@black.ox.ac.uk (Bob Douglas)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <2406@hcrlgw92.crl.hitachi.co.jp> steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins) writes:
>In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu> bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
>>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:
>>
>>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  
>
>Wouldn't this require a hyper-sphere.  In 3-space, 4 points over specifies
>a sphere as far as I can see.  Unless that is you can prove that a point
>exists in 3-space that is equi-distant from the 4 points, and this may not
>necessarily happen.
>
>Correct me if I'm wrong (which I quite possibly am!)
>
>steve

Sorry!! :-)

Call the four points A, B, C and D. Any three of them must be
non-collinear (otherwise all three could not lie on the surface
of a sphere) and all four must not be coplaner (otherwise either
they cannot all lie on a sphere or they define an infinity of them).

A, B and C define a circle. The perpendicular bisectors of AB, BC
and CA  meet in a point (P, say) which is the centre of this circle.
This circle must lie on the surface of the desired sphere.

Consider the normal to the plane ABC passing through P. All points
on this normal are equidistant from A, B and C and its circle (in
fact it is a diameter of the desired sphere). Take the plane
containing this normal and D (if D lies on the normal any
plane containing the normal will do); this plane is at right angles
to the ABC one.

Let E be the point (there are normally two of them) on the circumference
of the ABC circle which lies in this plane. We need a point Q on the
normal such that EQ = DQ. But the intersection of the perpendicular
bisector of ED and the normal is such a point (and it exists since D is
not in the plane ABC, and so ED is not at right angles to the normal).


Algorithm:

Is the sphere well defined?
    (1) Check that A and B are not coincident (=> failure).
    (2) Find the line AB and check that C does not lie on it (=> failure).
    (3) Find the plane ABC and check that D does not lie in it (=> failure).
Yes. Find its centre.
    (1) Find the perpendicular bisectors of AB and AC.
    (2) Find their point of intersection (P).
    (3) Find the normal to the plane ABC passing through P (line N).
    (4) Find the plane containing N and D; find the point E on the
	ABC circle in this plane (if D lies on N, take E as A).
    (4) Find the perpendicular bisector of ED (line L)
    (5) Find the point of intersection of N and L (Q).
Q is the centre of the desired sphere


Pictures:

(1) In the plane ABC

			A


                                P
                 
                B                               C

(2) At right-angles to ABC, in the plane containing N and D

			E


                                                          D

    line N
    --------------------P-------------Q---------------------------


Numerically:

If ED << EP then Q will be very close to P (relative to the radius
of the ABC circle) and subject to error. It's best to choose D so
that the least of AD, BD and CD is larger than for any other choice.
-- 
Bob Douglas              Computing Services, University of Oxford
Internet:                bob@oxford.ac.uk
Address:                 13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN, UK
Telephone:               +44-865-273211

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38342
From: hugo@hydra.unm.edu (patrice cummings)
Subject: polygon orientation in DXF?


Hi.  I'm writing a program to convert .dxf files to a database
format used by a 3D graphics program I've written.  My program stores
the points of a polygon in CCW order.  I've used 3D Concepts a 
little and it seems that the points are stored in the order
they are drawn.

Does the DXF format have a way of indicating which order the 
points are stored in, CW or CCW?  Its easy enough to convert,
but if I don't know which way they are stored, I dont know 
which direction the polygon should be visible from.

If DXF doesn't handle this, can anyone recommend a workaround?
The best I can think of is to create two polygons for each one
in the DXF file, one stored CW and the other CCW.  But that
doubles the number of polygons and decreases speed...

Thanks in advance for any help,

Patrice
hugo@hydra.unm.edu 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38343
From: mdpyssc@fs1.mcc.ac.uk (Sue Cunningham)
Subject: Fractals? What good are they ?

We have been using Iterated Systems compression board to compress 
pathology images and are getting ratios of 40:1 to 70:1 without too
much loss in quality. It is taking about 4 mins per image to compress,
on a 25Mhz 486 but decompression is almost real time on a 386 in software 
alone.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38344
From: tiang@midway.ecn.uoknor.edu (Tiang)
Subject: Re: A Book I found... graphics

covlir@crockett1c.its.rpi.edu (Locks) writes:
Hello,

>I happened to spot an excellent book in a bookstore about 4 days ago,
>though!!!!!!  It is in C++ and assembly.  It teaches you the assembly
>as it goes along --so if you're like me and have no assembler experience,
>don't worry.  It has almost everything that I wanted to know and has
>-----WORKING----- code.

>--Rod Covlin--

	I just bought a copy.  I can't disagree that it is a very good
book.  But unfortunately I was looking for the same graphics feature
described in this book but _NOT_ in 640x480x16 or 320x200x256 mode. It
is easy to accomodate all the pixel "descriptor" (or color attributes)
in those modes into A0000-AFFFFF, but not in 640x480x256(which is what
I am interested in).  I haven't finish the book but I affraid the
author didn't talk much about this mode(or other SVGA modes).  If
anyone out there know any good book dealing with fast SVGA graphics
manupulation(scrolling, repainting, all other good stuff..) please
send me mail.  Programming guide to SVGA card is also welcome.

	Thanks in advance.


 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    
-- 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38346
From: pest@konech.UUCP (Wolfgang Pest)
Subject: Speedstar 24 - how to program the TrueColor mode ?

Hello,
I purchased my new 486 with a NoName graphics card installed which is obviously 
Speedstar 24 compatible. Its name is "VGA 4000 TrueColor".
It is accompanied with some drivers and the utilities VMODE, XMODE and
at least one more MODE, as well as some drivers for Lotus, Windows, etc.
Only one of the drivers is told to provide the TrueColor mode, namely
the Windows 3.1 driver.
Nowhere else, except in the ad, is any pointer to the TrueColor mode.
Some articles in this group about the Speedstar 24 and some other facts
made me believe that my card is compatible to that one.

Does anybody out there know how this mode can be adjusted? How can I write
a driver which allows me to have 16.7 millions of colors with a resolution
of 640 x 480 with 45 Hz interlaced ?

Greetings,
    Wolfgang

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38347
From: sab@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
Subject: Info needed: 2D contour plotting

Hi Everyone--

  It's spend-the-money-before-it-goes-away time here at U.Florida
and we need to find some PC-based software that will do contour
plotting with irregular boundaries,i.e., a 2-D profile of a soil
                                    system with a pond superimposed
                /-----------------  on it.  We've given SURFER a
    POND      /                  |  trial run but it interpolates
            /                    |  contours out into the pond and/or
----------/                      |  creates artifacts at the borders.
|              SOIL              |  If anyone out there knows of a
|                                |  product, I'ld appreciate hearing
|________________________________|  about it.  If there is enough of
a response, I'll post a summary.  Thanks -- (and now back to lurking).

   Steve Bloom, Soil & Water Science, U.Fl (SAB@GNV.IFAS.UFL.EDU)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38348
From: tiang@midway.ecn.uoknor.edu (Tiang)
Subject: VESA standard VGA/SVGA programming???

Hi,

	I have a few question about graphics programming in VGA/SVGA :

1. How VESA standard works?  Any documentation for VESA standard?

2. At a higher resolution than 320x200x256 or 640x480x16 VGA mode,
   where the video memory A0000-AFFFF is no longer sufficient to hold
   all info, what is the trick to do fast image manipulation?  I
   heard about memory mapping or video memory bank switching but know
   nothing on how it is implemented.   Any advice, anyone?  

3. My interest is in 640x480x256 mode.  Should this mode be called
   SVGA mode?  What is the technique for fast image scrolling for the
   above mode?  How to deal with different SVGA cards?


  Your guidance to books or any other sources to the above questions
would be greatly appreciated.  Please send me mail.


  Thanks in advance!



************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    
-- 
************************************************************************
*                         Tiang   T.    Foo                            *
*		      tiang@uokmax.ecn.uoknor.edu 		       *
************************************************************************    

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38350
From: <RCB@SLACVM.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU>
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?


> From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)

> Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
> cnter and radius, exactly fitting those points?

The equation of the sphere through the 4 points (x1,y1,z1),...,(x4,y4,z4) is
  | x^2+y^2+z^2  x1^2+y1^2+z1^2  ...  x4^2+y4^2+z4^2 |
  |      x             x1        ...        x4       |
  |      y             y1        ...        y4       | = 0
  |      z             z1        ...        z4       |
  |      1             1         ...        1        |
When this 5 by 5 determininant is expanded on its first column you get the
equation in the form
  A(x^2+y^2+z^2) + Bx + Cy + Dz + E = 0
If you need the center and radius, jyst divide through by A (it cannot be
zero if the 4 given points form a non-degenerate tetrahedron) and complete
the square on x, y, and z to obtain
  (x-xc)^2 + (y-yc)^2 + (z-zc)^2 = r^2

rcb@slacvm.slac.stanford.edu (Bob Beach)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38351
From: cormackj@access.digex.com (John Cormack)
Subject: Re: VESA on the Speedstar 24

I need a VESA driver for the Diamond Speedstar 24X that works. I've tried
several and none work for the hicolor modes.

John Cormack
Cormackj@access.digex.com




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38352
From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Delaunay Triangulation

In article <lsk1v9INN93c@caspian.usc.edu> zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:
>
>Does anybody know what Delaunay Triangulation is?
>Is there any reference to it? 
>Is it useful for creating 3-D objects? If yes, what's the advantage?

There is a vast literature on Delaunay triangulations, literally
hundreds of papers.  A program is even provided with every copy of 
Mathematica nowadays.  You might look at this if you are interested in 
using it for creating 3D objects:

@article{Boissonnat5,
  author = "J.D. Boissonnat",
  title = "Geometric Structures for Three-Dimensional Shape Representation",
  journal = "ACM Transactions on Graphics",
  month = "October",
  year = {1984},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {266-286}
}


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38353
From: ukrphil@prlhp1.prl.philips.co.uk (M.J.Phillips)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

The 68070 _does_ exist. It's number was licensed to Philips to make their
own variant. This chip includes extra featurfes such as more I/O ports, 
I2C bus... making it more microcontroller like.

Because of the confusion with numbering (!), Philips other products in the
[range with the 68??? core have been given differend numbers like PCF...
or PCD7.. or something.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38354
From: saz@hook.corp.mot.com (Scott Zabolotzky)
Subject: .GIF to .BMP

I'm not sure if this is the correct place to ask this question.  If not,
please forgive me and point me in the right direction.

Does anybody know of a program that converts .GIF files to .BMP files
and if so, where can I ftp it from?  Any help would be greatly 
appreciated.

Please respond via e-mail as I do not read this group very often.

Thanks...Scott


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38355
From: kewe@bskewe.atr.bso.nl (Cornelis Wessels)
Subject: Point within a polygon 


In article <1993Apr14.102007.20664@uk03.bull.co.uk> scrowe@hemel.bull.co.uk writes:

  > 
  > I am looking for an algorithm to determine if a given point is bound by a 
  > polygon. Does anyone have any such code or a reference to book containing
  > information on the subject ?
  > 
  >                 Regards
  > 
  >                         Simon
  > 
/* +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Function    : PuntBinnenPolygoon                                  |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Auteur      : Cornelis Wessels                                    |
   |                                                                   |
   | Datum       : 11-01-1993                                          |
   |                                                                   |
   | Omschrijving: Bepaalt of de aangeboden VECTOR2D p binnen of op de |
   |               rand van het polygoon P valt.                       |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                                   |
   | Wijzigingen : -                                                   |
   |                                                                   |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ */

CLIBSTATUS PuntBinnenPolygoon ( POLYGOON *P, VECTOR2D *p )
  {
  VECTOR2D o, v, w;
  INDEX    aantal_snijpunten, N, n;

  aantal_snijpunten = 0;
  N                 = GeefPolygoonLengte(P);
  GeefPolygoonRandpunt ( P, N, &o );

  for ( n=1; n<=N; n++ )
    {
    GeefPolygoonRandpunt ( P, n, &v );

    if ( o.x >= p->x && v.x <  p->x ||
	 o.x <  p->x && v.x >= p->x  )
      {
      w.x = p->x;
      InterpoleerLineair ( &o, &v, &w );

      if ( w.x == p->x && w.y == p->y )
	return(CLIBSUCCES);
      else if ( w.y > p->y )
	aantal_snijpunten++;
      }

    KopieerVector2d ( &v, &o );
    }

  if ( aantal_snijpunten%2 == 0 )
    return(CLIBERBUITEN);
  else
    return(CLIBSUCCES);
  }

Cornelis Wessels
Krommenoord 14
3079 ZT  ROTTERDAM
The Netherlands
+31 10 4826394
kewe@bskewe.atr.bso.nl

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38356
From: dfegan@lescsse.jsc.nasa.gov (Doug Egan)
Subject: Re: Any graphics packages available for AIX ?

In <1993Apr8.122037.19260@sun1x.res.utc.com> mark@sun1x.res.utc.com (MARK STUCKY) writes:

>In <1pr9qnINNiag@tahko.lpr.carel.fi>, 
>   Ari Suutari (ari@tahko.lpr.carel.fi) wrote:

>   > Does anybody know if there are any good 2d-graphics packages
>   > available for IBM RS/6000 & AIX ? I'm looking for something
>   > like DEC's GKS or Hewlett-Packards Starbase, both of which
>   > have reasonably good support for different output devices
>   > like plotters, terminals, X etc.

   Try graPHIGS from IBM... It is an excellent package! :^)

Doug
 
--
 Doug Egan                                  "It's not what you got -
 Lockheed Engineering and Sciences Co.       It's what you give."          
 Houston, TX                                                  -Tesla      
 ***** email:  egan@blkbox.com  *****                                    

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38357
From: schultz@schultz.kgn.ibm.com (Karl Schultz)
Subject: Re: VESA standard VGA/SVGA programming???

|> 1. How VESA standard works?  Any documentation for VESA standard?

	The VESA standard can be requested from VESA:
	VESA
	2150 North First Street, Suite 440
	San Jose, CA 95131-2029

	Ask for the VESA VBE and Super VGA Programming starndards.  VESA
	also defines local bus and other standards.

	The VESA standard only addresses ways in which an application
	can find out info and capabilities of a specific super VGA
	implementation and to control the video mode selection
	and video memory access.

	You still have to set your own pixels.

|> 2. At a higher resolution than 320x200x256 or 640x480x16 VGA mode,
|>    where the video memory A0000-AFFFF is no longer sufficient to hold
|>    all info, what is the trick to do fast image manipulation?  I
|>    heard about memory mapping or video memory bank switching but know
|>    nothing on how it is implemented.   Any advice, anyone?  

	VESA defines a "window" that is used to access video memory.
	This window is anchored at the spot where you want to write,
	and then you can write as far as the window takes you (usually
	64K).  Windows have granularities, so you can't just anchor 
	them anywhere.  Also, some implementations allow two windows.

|> 3. My interest is in 640x480x256 mode.  Should this mode be called
|>    SVGA mode?  What is the technique for fast image scrolling for the
|>    above mode?  How to deal with different SVGA cards?

	This is VESA mode 101h.  There is a Set Display Start function
	that might be useful for scrolling.

|>   Your guidance to books or any other sources to the above questions
|> would be greatly appreciated.  Please send me mail.

	Your best bet is to write VESA for the info.  There have also
	been announcements on this group of VESA software.

-- 
Karl Schultz                             schultz@vnet.ibm.com
These statements or opinions are not necessarily those of IBM

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38358
From: tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:

> Hi Netters,
> 
> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
> 
> Can you please offer some recommendations?

It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.
	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
fast.

Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I define myself--tsa@cellar.org

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38359
From: tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin)
Subject: Questions about Plane Eqn method of Hidden Surface removal

What are the main advantages of this method?  I have seen it described, and
the algiorithm seems a  little bit long.  I developed my own method, which
requires that the points be in a counter-clockwise order, and returns
whether you are looking at the back or the front, similar to the plane eqn
method.  It uses few calculations however, basically it is several
comparisons.  The only disadvantage I see is that it must be done after the
transformation from view coordinates to coordinates to display on the
screen, which means that a little more calculation isneeded beforehand.  My
method basically figures out whether the points that will appear on the
screen are clockwise or counterclockwise.  When looking at the back of
something, the points occur in an opposite direction from the front, so
merely by figuring out which way the points go, you can tell whether you are
looking at the back or front of a 2d polygon.  Has anyone heard of this
method before?  It is so simple, I doubt i am the first to think of it.

Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I define myself--tsa@cellar.org

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38360
From: cliff@watson.ibm.com (cliff)
Subject: Reprints

I have a few reprints left of chapters from my book "Visions of the             
Future".  These include reprints of 3 chapters probably of interest to          
readers of this forum, including:                                               
                                                                                
1. Current Techniques and Development of Computer Art, by Franz Szabo           
                                                                                
2. Forging a Career as a Sculptor from a Career as Computer Programmer,         
by Stewart Dickson                                                              
                                                                                
3. Fractals and Genetics in the Future by H. Joel Jeffrey                       
                                                                                
I'd be happy to send out free reprints to researchers for scholarly             
purposes, until the reprints run out.                                           
                                                                                
Just send me your name and address.                                             
                                                                                
Thanks, Cliff  cliff@watson.ibm.com                                             

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38361
From: haston@utkvx.utk.edu (Haston, Donald Wayne)
Subject: Church related graphics

I am looking for some good quality graphics files which are
suitable for use in church-related presentations. I prefer vector,
but anything would be helpful.

If you know of bulletin boards which have collections of this nature, or
commercial products, please inform me by email:

HASTON@UTKVX.UTK.EDU

Wayne Haston




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38362
From: lau@auriga.rose.brandeis.edu (frankie t. k. lau)
Subject: PC fastest line/circle drawing routines: HELP!

hi all,

IN SHORT: looking for very fast assembly code for line/circle drawing
	  on SVGA graphics.

COMPLETE:
	I am thinking of a simple but fast molecular
graphics program to write on PC or clones. (ball-and-stick type)

Reasons: programs that I've seen are far too slow for this purpose.

Platform: 386/486 class machine.
	  800x600-16 or 1024x728-16 VGA graphics
		(speed is important, 16-color for non-rendering
		 purpose is enough; may stay at 800x600 for
		 speed reason.)
         (hope the code would be generic enough for different SVGA
          cards.  My own card is based on Trident 8900c, not VESA?)

What I'm looking for?
1) fast, very fast routines to draw lines/circles/simple-shapes
   on above-mentioned SVGA resolutions.
   Presumably in assembly languagine.
	Yes, VERY FAST please.
2) related codes to help rotating/zooming/animating the drawings on screen.
   Drawings for beginning, would be lines, circles mainly, think of
   text, else later.
   (you know, the way molecular graphics rotates, zooms a molecule)
2) and any other codes (preferentially in C) that can help the 
   project.

Final remarks;-
non-profit.  expected to become share-, free-ware.

	Any help is appreciated.
	thanks

-Frankie
lau@tammy.harvard.edu

PS pls also email, I may miss reply-post.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38363
From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
|> Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
|> >   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
|> >a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
|> >like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
|> 
|> Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
|> especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
|> 68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

   Sean, the 68070 exists! :-)

|> 
|> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
|> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
|> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
|> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
|> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
|> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
|> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
|> dynamic material.
|> ========================================================================
|> Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
|> University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
|> P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
|> Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu


   Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
those for c.s.m.a :-) )

   I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had a
booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
(1.5).

   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 

   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.

   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
from memory!

   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?

   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.

   But for the sake of the posting about a computer doing it or not, I can
claim 320x200 (a tad more with overscan) being done in 256,000+ colors in 
my computer (not from the hardisk) at 30fps with Scala MM210.

   But I agree, if we consider MPEG stuff, I think a multimedia consumer
low-priced box has a lot of market... I just think 3DO would make it, 
no longer CD-I.

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38364
From: seth@north1.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: Oak Driver NEEDED (30d studio)


	Hi, I'm looking for the 3-D studio driver for the
	Oak card with 1 M of RAM.
	This would be GREATLY (and I mean that) appreciated

	Maybe I should have just gotten a more well know card.
thanks
seth@acpub.duke.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38365
From: khan0095@nova.gmi.edu (Mohammad Razi Khan)
Subject: manipulating a hexagonal grid

Ok, lets say youve got a grid of hexagons

that go in a        10
                     9
                    10
                     9
                    etc..

for a total of 15 rows down

that means there are 10 hexagons in the 1st line,
9 lined up underneath in the second line
10 lined up underneath in the third line
9 lined up under neath in the fourht...



the problem is  given the center of any arbritrary hexagon, and a line with
and arbritrary slope, Which hexagons does that line cross through 
(The line doesn't necessarily have to cross through the center of other hexagon,it can even be a tangent and count).  Any helpers, my friend was baffeled
when trying to figure this.
:w

--
Mohammad R. Khan                /    khan0095@nova.gmi.edu
After July '93, please send mail to  mkhan@nyx.cs.du.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38366
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: .GIF to .BMP

Scott Zabolotzky (saz@hook.corp.mot.com) wrote:
: I'm not sure if this is the correct place to ask this question.  If not,
: please forgive me and point me in the right direction.

: Does anybody know of a program that converts .GIF files to .BMP files
: and if so, where can I ftp it from?  Any help would be greatly 
: appreciated.

: Please respond via e-mail as I do not read this group very often.

: Thanks...Scott

Sorry Scott, if you post it here, you can read it here.  There is a shareware
program available via anonymous FTP that will suit your needs.  You'll find 
it at OAK.OAKLAND.EDU  in the subdirectory pub/msdos/graphics.  The file is
called "GRFWK61T.ZIP."

TMC.
(tmc@spartan.ac.brocku.ca)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38367
From: khan0095@nova.gmi.edu (Mohammad Razi Khan)
Subject: Looking for a good book for beginners

I wanted to know if any of you out there can recommend a good
book about graphics, still and animated, and in VGA/SVGA.

Thanks in advance

--
Mohammad R. Khan                /    khan0095@nova.gmi.edu
After July '93, please send mail to  mkhan@nyx.cs.du.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38368
From: berger@chaos.cs.brandeis.edu (David Berger)
Subject: Need some Graphics Help!

Help!  I'm trying to program my VGA!  I've got it working
with in pascal with the following routines for mode $13h
(320*200*256).  I've got a VESA compatable Trident 8900C w/1meg
and need to program in 1024*768 mode.  I don't care how many colors.
 
Could someone take this code and help me write 2 new procedures to
replace them so that it'll work in 1024*768*16 or 1024*768*256?
 
That'd be GREAT!  Thanks...
 
Here is the code I currently have for 320*200*256 mode:
 
  Procedure GraphMode;
 
    Begin { VideoMode }
      Asm
        Mov  AH,00
        Mov  AL,13h
        Int  10h
      End;
    End;  { VideoMode }
 
  Procedure PlotPoint (x, y, c : Integer);
 
    Begin
      Mem[$A000:x+y*320]:=c;
    End;
 

-- 

					David

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38369
From: thinman@netcom.com (Technically Sweet)
Subject: What is reverse or negative video?

I'm interested in simulating reverse (or negative) color video
mathematically.  What is the transform?  Is it a simple
reversal of the hue value in the HSV color space?  Is it
a manipulation in the YUV color space?  How is it related
to solarization?

If you want to see something truly wild, turn on the
reverse video effect on a camcorder so equipped,
and point it at the monitor.  This creates a chaotic
dynamical system whose phase space is continuous along
rotation, zoom, focus, etc.  Very very surprising and 
lovely.  I'd like to write a simulation of this effect
without analog grunge.  Thanks for any info you may have.

Please e-mail any info to me.  I'll post a summary.

Thanks,

-- 

Lance Norskog
thinman@netcom.com
Data is not information is not knowledge is not wisdom.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38370
From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Need a good concave -> convex polygon algorithm

In article <C5Juyz.ALy@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU (Richard Stoakley) writes:
>	We need a good concave ->convex polygon conversion routine.
>I've tried a couple without much luck.  Please E-mail responses and I
>will post a summary of any replies.  Thank you.
>
>Richard Stoakley
>rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU

The problem is not precisely defined above, but if you need to find
the smallest convex polygon that encloses a given polygon, then
you are seeking the convex hull of your original polygon.  There
are two ways to do this:  use a somewhat tricky but by-now well
examined linear-time algorithm that exploits the polygon boundary,
or just feed the vertices of the original polygon to a convex hull
routine and accept O(n log n).  Both methods are discussed in
Preparata and Shamos, for example.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38371
From: brentb@tamsun.tamu.edu (Brent)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>
>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
>everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
>hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
>he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.

I think he wanted to avoid reinventing the wheel.
I would suggest that you take your code, and submit it to
comp.sys.mac.binaries to be distributed (including to the ftp sites). 
Many folks, myself included, would enjoy the extra code.

>	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
>can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
>find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
>choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
>fast.

Just to clarify, the 3D routines that are mentioned in various places
on the mac are in a libray, not the ROM of the mac.  A few years ago before
I knew anything about implementing graphics, I came across a demo of the
Apple GrafSys3D library and it actually did a lot.  However, it is quite
limited in the sense that it's a low-level 3D library; your code still has
to plot individual points, draw each line, etc ad nauseum.  It has nothing
on GL, for example, where you can handle objects.

Other things to consider when talking about Apple's old 3D GrafSys library:

* Unsupported;  never was and no plans exist to do so in the future

* Undocumented; unless you call header files documentation...

If one knows something about graphics, you could probably figure it out,
but I'd assume there's better software available that gives better
output and is, at the same time, programmatically nicer (i.e. easier to
program).

Just my 2% tax

-Brent


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38372
From: jian@coos.dartmouth.edu (Jian Lu)
Subject: Grayscale Printer

We are interested in purchasing a grayscale printer that offers a good
resoltuion for grayscale medical images.  Can anybody give me some
recommendations on these products in the market, in particular, those
under $5000?

Thank for the advice.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38373
From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: WingCommanderII Graphics

   I was wondering if anyone knows where I can get more information about
the graphics in the WingCommander series, and the RealSpace system they use.
I think it's really awesome, and wouldn't mind being able to use similar
features in programs.  Thanks in advance.


Daemon


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38374
From: kuryakin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Rick Pavek)
Subject: VISION-3D site and email unavailable

I used the information provided in the recent resource listings and
tried to ftp to:

ccu1.aukland.ac.nz [130.216.1.5]:  ftp/mac/architec - *VISION-3D facet

and received an 'unknown host' message.

mail to Paul D. Bourke (pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz) bounces with basically
the same problem.

Where'd he go????

Rick

 

-- 
Rick Pavek                       | Never ask a droid to outdo its program.
kuryakin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com    |           
Seattle, WA                      |   It wastes your time
                                 |          and annoys the droid.  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38375
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 2/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part2
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 2/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993


14. Plotting packages
=====================

Gnuplot 3.2
-----------
  It is one of the best 2- and 3-D plotting packages, with
  online help.It's a command-line driven interactive function plotting utility
  for UNIX, MSDOS, Amiga, Archimedes, and VMS platforms (at least!).
  Freely distributed, it supports many terminals, plotters, and printers
  and is easily extensible to include new devices.
  It was posted to comp.sources.misc in version 3.0, plus 2 patches.
  You can practically find it everywhere (use Archie to find a site near you!).
  The comp.graphics.gnuplot newsgroup is devoted to discussion of Gnuplot.

Xvgr and Xmgr (ACE/gr)
-----------------------
  Xmgr is an XY-plotting tool for UNIX workstations using
  X or OpenWindows. There is an XView version called xvgr for
  Suns. Collectively, these 2 tools are known as ACE/gr.
  Compiling xmgr requires the Motif toolkit version 1.1
  and X11R4 - xmgr will not compile under X11R3/Motif 1.0x.

  Check at ftp.ccalmr.ogi.edu [129.95.72.34} in
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xmgr-2.09.tar.Z (Motif version)
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xvgr-2.09.tar.Z (XView version)

  Comments, suggestions, bug reports to Paul J Turner
  <pturner@amb4.ese.ogi.edu> (if mail fails, try pturner@ese.ogi.edu).
  Due to time constraints, replies will be few and far between.

Robot
-----
  Release 0.45 : 2-D and limited 3-D. Based on XView 3, written
  in C / Fortran (so you need a Fortran compiler or the f2c translator).
  Mainly tested on Sun4, less on DECstations. Check at
  ftp.astro.psu.edu (128.118.147.28),  pub/astrod.

VG plotting library
-------------------
  This is a library of Fortran callable routines at sunspot.ceee.nist.gov
  [129.6.64.151]

Xgobi
-----
  It's being developed at Bellcore, and its speciality are
  multidimensional data sets analysis and exploration. You can call it
  from the S language also, and it works as an X11 client using the Athena
  widget set (or with an ASCII terminal). It's distributed free of charge
  from STATLIB at CMU.
  To get it via e-mail, send email to statlib@temper.stat.cmu.edu and
  in the body area of the message, put the line

  send xgobi from general

  If you want to pick it via ftp, connect to lib.stat.cmu.edu. Log in as
  "statlib" and use your e-mail address as your password. Then type

  cd general
  mget xgobi.*

  Warning: It's about 2 MB sources + large Postscript manual. Read the
  relevant README to decide whether you need it or not.

PGPLOT
------
  Runs on VAX/VMS and supposedly on UNIX. It's a set of fortran routines freely
  available (though copyrighted and requiring a nominal fee of $50 or so)
  that includes contour plots and support for various devices, including ps.
  Contact tjp@deimos.caltech.edu

GGRAPH
------
  Host shorty.cs.wisc.edu [128.105.2.8] : /pub/ggraph.tar.Z
  Unknown more details.

epiGRAPH
--------
  For PCs. Call dvj@lab2.phys.lgu.spb.su (Vladimir J. Dmitriev) for details.
  You can get the program demo or (and) play version, if sent 10 $ to

        1251 Budapest posta fiok 60
        Hungary
        ph/fax 1753696  Budapest
        ph     2017760

Multiplot XLN
-------------
  For Amigas, shareware ($30 USD, #20 UK or $40 Aust.). Advanced 2D package
  that has a big list of features. Contact:

  Dr. Alan Baxter <agb16@mbuc.bio.cam.ac.uk>,
  Cambridge University
  Department of Pathology,
  Tennis Court Road,
  Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK


+Athena Plotter Widget set
+-------------------------
+  
+  This version V6.0 is based on Gregory Bond's version V5-beta. Added
+  some stuff for scientific graphs, i.e. log axes, free scalable axes,
+  XY-lineplots and some more, and re-added plotter callbacks from V4, e.g.
+  to request the current pointer position, or to cut off a rectangle from the
+  plotting area for zooming-in. Version V6.0 has a log of bugs fixed and a
+  log of improvements against V6-beta. Additionally I did some other
+  changes/extensions, besides 
+  
+      -     Origin and frame lines for axes.
+      -     Subgrid lines on subtic positions.
+      -     Line plots in different line types (lines, points, lines+points,
+       impulses, lines+impulses, steps, bars), line styles (solid, dotted,
+       dashed, dot-dashed) and marker types for data points.
+      -     Legend at the right or left hand side of the plot.
+      -     Optional drawing to a pixmap instead of a window.
+      -     Layout callback for aligning axis positions when using
+       multiple plotters in one application.
+  
+  Available at export.lcs.mit.edu, directory contrib/plotter
+
+SciPlot
+-------
+  SciPlot is a scientific 2D plotting and manipulation program. 
+  For the NeXT (requires NeXTStep 3.0), and it's shareware.
+
+  Features:
+  ASCII import and export;  EPS export; copy, cut, paste with data buffer;
+  free number of data points, data buffer, and document window;
+  selective open and save ; plotting in many styles; automatic legend;
+  subviews; linear and logarithmic axes; two different axes; text and graphic;
+  color support; zoom; normalizing and moving; axis conversions;
+  free hand data manipulations (cut, edit, move, etc.); data editor; sorting
+  of data; absolute,relative, and free defined error bars;
+  calculating with buffers (+, -, *, / ); background subtractions
+  (linear,shirley,tougaard, bezier); integration and relative integration;
+  fitting of one or more free defined functions; linear regression;
+  calculations (+, -, *, /, sin, cos, log, etc.); function generator;
+  spline interpolation; least square smooth and FFT smooth; differentiation;
+  FFT; ESCA calculations and database; .. and something more 
+
+  You can find it on:
+  ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de [130.149.17.7] : /pub/NeXT/science/SciPlot3.1.tar.Z
+
+  Author:
+  Michael Wesemann
+  Scillerstr. 73,1000 Berlin 12, Germany   
+  mike@fiasko.rz-berlin.mpg.de
+
+PLPLOT
+------
+  PLPLOT is a scientific plotting package for many systems, small (micro)
+  and large (super) alike.  Despite its small size and quickness,
+  it has enough power to satisfy most users, including:
+  standard x-y plots, semilog plots, log-log plots, contour plots, 3D plots,
+  mesh plots, bar charts and pie charts.  Multiple graphs (of the same or
+  different sizes) may be placed on a single page with multiple lines in each
+  graph.  Different line styles, widths and colors are supported.  A virtually
+  infinite number of distinct area fill patterns may be used.  There are
+  almost 1000 characters in the extended character set.  This includes four
+  different fonts, the Greek alphabet and a host of mathematical, musical, and
+  other symbols.  The fonts can be scaled to any size for various effects.
+  Many different output device drivers are available (system dependent),
+  including a portable metafile format and renderer.
+  
+  Freely available (but copyrighted) via anonymous FTP on
+  hagar.ph.utexas.edu, directory pub/plplot
+  
+  At present (v. 4.13), PLPLOT is known to work on the following systems:
+  
+  Unix:   SunOS, A/IX, HP-UX, Unicos, DG/UX, Ultrix
+  Other platforms: VMS, Amiga/Exec, MS-DOS, OS/2, NeXT
+  
+  Authors: Many. The main supporters are:
+  
+  Maurice LeBrun <mjl@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: PLPLOT kernel and the metafile,
+     xterm, xwindow, tektronix, and Amiga drivers.
+  Geoff Furnish <furnish@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: MS-DOS and OS/2 drivers
+  Tony Richardson <amr@egr.duke.edu>: PLPLOT on the NeXT
+
+SuperMongo
+----------
+  2-D plotting package at CMU, filename ~re00/tmp/SM.2.1.0.tar.Z
+  (probably under the ftp.cmu.edu or andrew.cmu.edu machines?)
+
+GLE
+---
+  GLE is a high quality graphics package for scientists.  It runs on a
+  variety of platforms (PCs, VAXes, and Unix) with drivers for XWindows,
+  REGIS, TEK4010, PC graphics cards, VT100s, HP plotters, Postscript
+  printers, Epson-compatible printers and Laserjet/Paintjet printers.  It
+  provides LaTEX quality fonts, as well as full support for Postscript
+  fonts.  The graphing module provides full control over all features of
+  graphs.  The graphics primitives include user-defined subroutines for
+  complex pictures and diagrams.
+
+  Accompanying utilities include Surface (for hidden line surface
+  plotting), Contour (for contour plots), Manip (for manipulation of
+  columnar data files), and Fitls (for fitting arbitrary equations to
+  data).
+
+  Mailing list: GLEList. Send a message to
+
+  listserver@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu, with a message boyd containing
+
+  sub glelist "Your Name"
+  
+ maintainer: Dean Pentcheff <dean2@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu>

==========================================================================

15. Image analysis software - Image processing and display
==========================================================

PC and Mac-based tools (multi-platform software)
======================

IMDISP
------
  IMDISP Written at JPL and other NASA sites. Can do simple display,
  enhancing, smoothing and so on. Works with the FITS and VICAR/PDS
  data formats of NASA. Can read TIFF images, if you know their dimensions
  [PC and Macs]

LabVIEW 2
---------
  LabVIEW is used as a framework for image processing tools. It provides a
  graphical programming environment using block diagram sketch is the
  "program" with graphical elements representing the programming elements.
  Hundreds of functions are already available and are connected using a
  wiring tool to create the block diagram (program).  Functions that the
  block diagrams represent include digital signal processing and
  filtering, numerical analysis, statistics, etc.  The tool allows any
  Virtual Instrument (VI, a software file that looks and acts like a real
  laboratory instrument) to be used as a part of any other virtual
  instrument.

  National Instruments markets plug-in digital signal processing (DSP)
  boards for Macintoshs and PC compatables that allow real-time
  acquisition and analysis at a personal computer.  New software tools for
  DSP are allowing engineers to harness the power of this technology. The
  tools range from low-level debugging software to high-level block
  diagram development software.  There are three levels of DSP programming
  associated with the NB-DSP2300 board and LabVIEW:
  Use of the NB-DSP2300 Analysis Library: FFTs, power spectra, filters
  routines callable from THINK C and Macintosh Programers Workshop (MPW) C
  that execute on the NB-DSP2300 board. There is an analysis Virtual
  Interface Library of ready-to-use VIs optimized for the NB-DSP2300.

  Use of the National Instruments Developers Toolkit that includes an
  optimizing C compiler, an assembler and a linker for low-level
  programming of the DSP hardware.  This approach offers the highest level
  of performance but is the must difficult in terms of ease of use.

  Use of the National Instruments Interface Kit software package which has
  utility functions for memory management data communications and
  downloading code to the NB-DSP2300 board. (This is the easiest route for
  the development of custom code.)

Ultimage Concept VI
-------------------
  Concept VI  by Graftek-France is a family of image processing Virtual
  Instruments (VIs) that give LabVIEW 2 (described above) users high-end
  tools for designing, integrating and monitoring imaging control systems.
  A VI is a software file that looks and acts like a real laboratory
  instrument. Typical applications for Concept VI include thermography,
  surveillance, machine vision, production testing, biomedical imaging,
  electronic microscopy and remote sensing.

  Ultimage Concept VI addresses applications which require further
  qualitative and quantitative analysis.  It includes a complete set of
  functions for image enhancement, histogram equalization, spatial and
  frequency filtering, isolation of features, thresholding, mathematical
  morphology analysis, density measurement, object counting, sizing and
  characterization.

  The program loads images with a minimum resolution of 64 by 64, a pixel
  depth of 8, 16, or 32 bits, and one image plane.  Standard input and
  output formats include PICT, TIFF, SATIE, and AIPD.  Other formats can
  be imported.

  Image enhancement features include lookup table transformations, spatial
  linear and non-linear filters, frequency filtering, arithmetic and logic
  operations, and geometric transformations, among others.  Morphological
  transformations include erosion, dilation, opening, closing, hole
  removal, object separation, and extraction of skeletons, among others.
  Quantitative analysis provides for objects' detection, measurement, and
  morphological distribution.  Measures include area, perimeter, center of
  gravity, moment of inertia, orientation, length of relevant chords, and
  shape factors and equivalence.  Measures are saved in ASCII format.  The
  program also provides for macro scripting and integration of custom
  modules.

  A 3-D view command plots a perspective data graph where image intensity
  is depicted as mountains or valleys in the plot.  The histogram tool can
  be plotted with either a linear or logarithmic scale. The twenty-eight
  arithmetic and logical operations provide for: masking and averaging
  sections of images, noise removal, making comparisons, etc.  There are
  13 spatial filters that alter pixel intensities based on local
  intensity.  These include high-pass filters for contrast and outlines.
  The frequency data resulting from FFT analysis can be displayed as
  either the (real , imaginary ) components or the (phase, magnitude)
  data.  The morphological transformations are useful for data sharpening
  and defining objects or for removing artifacts.

  The transformations include: thresholding, eroding, dilating and even
  hole filling.

  The program's quantitative analysis measurements include: area,
  perimeter, center of mass, object counts, and angle between points.

  GTFS, Inc. 2455 Bennett Valley Road #100C Santa Rosa, CA 95494
  707-579-1733

IPLab Spectrum
--------------
  IPLAB Spectrum supports image processing and analysis but lacks the
  morphology and quantitative analysis features provided by
  Graftek-FranceUs Ultimage Concept VI.  Using scripting tools, the user
  tells the system the operations to be performed. The problem is that far
  too many basic operations require manual intervention. The tool
  supports: FFTs, 16 arithmetic operations for pixel alteration, and a
  movie command for cycling through windows.


Macintosh-based tools
=====================

NCSA Image, NCSA PalEdit and more
---------------------------------
  NCSA provides a whole suite of public-domain visualization tools for the
  Macintosh, primarily aimed at researchers wanting to visualize results
  from numerical modelling calculations.  These applications,
  documentation, and source code are available for anonymous ftp from
  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu. Commercial versions of the NCSA programs have been
  developed by Spyglass.

  Spyglass, Inc. 701 Devonshire Drive Champaign, IL  61820 (217) 355-6000
  fax: 217 355 8925

NIH IMAGE
---------
  Available at alw.nih.gov (128.231.128.7) or (preferably)
  zippy.nimh.nih.gov [128.231.98.32], directory:/pub/image.
  It has painting and image manipulation tools, a macro language,
  tools for measuring areas, distances and angles, and for counting
  things. Using a frame grabber card, it can record sequences of
  images to be played back as a movie. It can invoke user-defined
  convolution matrix filters, such as Gaussian. It can import raw
  data in tab-delimited ASCII, or as 1 or 2-byte quantities. It also
  does histograms and even 3-D plots. It is limited to 8-bits/pixel,
  though the 8 bits map into a color lookup table. It runs on any Mac
  that has a 256-color screen and a FPU (or get the NonFPU version
  from zippy.nimh.nih.gov)

PhotoMac
--------
  Data Translation, Inc. 100 Locke Dr. Marlboro, MA 01752 508-481-3700

PhotoPress
----------
  Blue Solutions 3039 Marigold Place Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 805-492-9973

PixelTools and TCL-Image
------------------------
  "Complete family of PixelTools (hardware accelerator and applications
  software) for scientific image processing and analysis.  Video-rate
  capture, display, processing, and analysis of high-resolution
  monochromatic and color images.  Includes C source code."

TCL-Image:
  "Software package for scientific, quantitative image processing and
  analysis. It provides a complete language for the capture, enhancement,
  and extraction of quantitative information from gray-scale images.
  TCL_Image has over 200 functions for image processing, and contains the
  other elements needed in a full programming language for algorithm
  development -- variables and control structures.  It is easily
  extensible through "script" (or indirect command) files. These script
  files are simply text files that contain TCL-Image commands.  They are
  executed as normal commands and include the ability to pass parameters.
  The direct capture of video images is supported via popular frame
  grabber boards.  TCL-Image comes with the I-View utility that provides
  conversion between common image file types, such as PICT2 and TIFF."

  Perceptics 725 Pellissippi Parkway Knoxville, TN 37933 615-966-9200

Satellite Image Workshop
------------------------
  It comes with a number of satellite pictures (raw data) and does all
  sorts of image enhancing on it. You'll need at least a Mac II with co-
  processor; a 256 color display and a large harddisk. The program doesn't
  run under system 7.x.ATE1 V1

  In the documentation the contact address is given as:  Liz Smith, Jet
  Propulsion Laboratory, MS 300-323, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,.Pasadena, CA 91109
  (818) 354-6980

Visualization Workbench
-----------------------
  "An electronic imaging software system that performs interactive image
  analysis and scientific 2D and 3D plotting."

  Paragon Imagine 171 Lincoln St. Lowell, MA 01852 508-441-2112

Adobe Photoshop
---------------

  The tool supports Rtrue colorS with 24-bit images or 256 levels of grey
  scale.  Once an image has been imported it can be Rre-touchedS with
  various editing tools typical of those used in Macintosh-based RpaintS
  applications.  These include an eraser, pencil, brush and air brush.
  Advanced RpasteS tools that control the interaction between a pasted
  selection and the receiving site have also been incorporated.  For
  example, all red pixels in a selection can easily be preventing from
  being pasted. Photoshop has transparencies ranging from 0 to 100%,
  allowing you to create ghost overlays.  RPhoto-editingS tools include
  control of the brightness and contrast, color balancing, hue/saturation
  modification and spectrum equalization.  Images can be subjected to
  various signal processing algorithms to smooth or sharpen the image,
  blur edges, or locate edges.  Image scaling is also supported.

  For storage savings, the images can be compressed using standard
  algorithms, including externally supplied compression such as JPEG,
  availlable from Storm Technologies. The latest version of Adobe
  Photoshop supports the import of numerous image formats including: EPSF,
  EPSF, TIFF, PICT resource, Amiga IFF/ILBM, CompuServe GIF, MacPaint,
  PIXAR, PixelPaint, Scitex CT, TGA and ThunderScan..

  Adobe Systems, Inc. 1585 Charlestown Road PO Box 7900 Mountain View, CA
  94039-7900 415-961-4400

ColorStudio and ImageStudio
---------------------------
  ColorStudio is an image-editing and paint package from Letraset that has
  more features than Adobe Photoshop but is decidedly more complex and
  therefore more difficult to use.  Several steps are often required to
  accomplish that which can be done in a single step using Photoshop.  The
  application requires a great deal of available disk space as one can
  easily end up with images in the 30 MB range.  The program provides a
  variety of powerful selection tools including the "auto selection tool"
  which lets the user choose image areas on the basis of color, close
  hues, color range and mask.

ImageStudio: Don't know...

  Letraset USA 40 Eisenhower Drive Paramus, NJ 07653 201-845-6100

Dapple Systems
--------------
  "High resolution image analysis software provides processing tools to
  work with multiple images, enhance and edit, and measure a variety of
  global or feature parameters, and interpret the data."

  Dapple Systems, 355 W. Olive Ave, #100 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-733-3283

Digital Darkroom
----------------
  The latest release of Digital Darkroom has five new selection and
  editing tools for enhancing images. One such feature allows the user to
  select part of an image simply by "painting" it. A new polyline
  selection tool creates a selection tool for single pixel wide
  selections.  A brush lets the operator "paint" with a selected portion
  of the image. Note that this is not a true color image enhancement tool.
  This tool should be used when the user intends to operate in grey-scale
  images only.  It should be noted that Digital Darkroom is not as
  powerful as either Adobe Photoshop or ColorStudio.

  Silicon Beach Software 9770 Carroll Ctr. Rd., Suite J San Diego, CA
  92126 619-695-6956

Dimple
------
  It  is compatible with system 6.05 and system 7.0 , requires Mac LC or
  II series with 256 colours, with a recommended min of 6Mb of ram. It has
  the capability of reading Erdas files. Functions include; image
  enhancement, 3D and contour plots, image statistics, supervised and
  unsupervised classification, PCA and other image transformations. There
  is also a means (Image Operation Language or IOL) by which you can write
  your own transformations. There is no image rectification, however
  Dimple is compatable with MAPII. The latest version is 1.4 and it is in
  the beta stage of testing. Dimple was initially developed as a teaching
  tool and it is very good for this purpose."

  "Dimple  runs on a colour Macintosh.  It is a product still in its
  development phase.. i.e. it doesn't have all the inbuilt features of
  other packages, but is coming along nicely.  It has its own inbuilt
  language for writing "programs" for processing an image, defining
  convolution filters etc. Dimple is a full mac application with pull down
  menus etc... It is unprotected software."

  Process Software Solutions, PO Box 2110, Wollongong, New South Wales,
  Australia. 2500. Phone 61 42 261757  Fax 61 42 264190.

Enhance
-------
  Enhance has a RrulerS tool that supports measurements and additionally
  provides angle data. The tool has over 80 mathematical filter
  variations: "Laplacian, medium noise filter", etc.  Files can be saved
  as either TIFF, PICT, EPSF or text (however EPSF files can't be imported).

  MicroFrontier 7650 Hickman Road Des Moines, IA  50322 515-270-8109

Image Analyst
-------------
  An image processing product for users who need to extract quantitative
  data from video images.  Image Analyst lets users configure
  sophisticated image processing and measurement routines without the
  necessity of knowing a programming language.  It is designed for such
  tasks at computing number and size of cells in images projected by video
  cameras attached to microscopes, or enhancing and measuring distances in
  radiographs.

  Image Analyst provides users with an array of field-proven video
  analysis techniques that enable them to easily assemble a sequence of
  instructions to enhance feature appearance; count objects; determine
  density, shape, size, position, or movement; perform object feature
  extraction; and conduct textural analysis automatically.  Image Analyst
  works with either a framegrabber board and any standard video camera, or
  a disk-stored image.

  Within minutes, without the need for programming, the Image Analyst user
  can set up a process to identify and analyze any element of a image.
  Measurements and statistics can be automatically or semi-automatically
  generated from TIFF or PICT files or from captured video tape images.
  Image Analyst recognizes items in images based on their size, shape and
  position.  The tool provides direct support for the Data Translation and
  Scion frame grabbers. A menu command allows for image capture from a VCR
  video camera or other NTSC or PAL devices.

  There are 2 types of files, the image itself and the related Sequence
  file that holds the processing, measurements and analysis that the user
  defines.  Automated sequences are set up in Regions Of Interest (ROI)
  represented by movable, sizable boxes atop the image.  Inside a ROI, the
  program can find the distance between two edges, the area of a shape,
  the thickness of a wall, etc.  Image Analyst finds the center, edge and
  other positions automatically. The application also provides tools so
  that the user can work interactively to find the edge of object. It also
  supports histograms and a color look-up table (CLUT) tool.

  Automatix, Inc. 775 Middlesex Turnpike Billerica, MA 01821 508-667-7900

IPLab
-----
  Signal Analytics Corp. 374 Maple Ave. E Vienna, VA  22180 703-281-3277
  FAX 703-281-2509

  "Menu-driven image processing software that supports 24-bit color or
  pseudocolor/grayscale image display and manipulation."

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II distributed by John Wiley has
  integrated image analysis.

IMAGE
-----
  from Stanford : Try anonymous ftp from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
  It has pd source for image v2, and ready to run code for a mac under
  image v3.



Windows/DOS PC-based tools
==========================

CCD
---
  Richard Berry's CCD imaging book for Willamon-Bell contains (optional?)
  disks with image manipulating software.  Source code is included.

ERDAS
-----
  "ERDAS will do all of the things you want:  rectification,
  classification, transformations (canned & user-defined), overlays,
  filters, contrast enhancement, etc. ... I was using it on my thesis &
  then changed the topic a bit & that work became secondary."

  ERDAS, Inc. 2801 Buford Highway Suite 300 Atlanta, GA 30329 404-248-9000
  FAX   404-248-9400

RSVGA
-----
  "I have been getting up to speed on a program called RSVGA available from
  Eidetic Digital Image Ltd. in British Columbia.  Its for IBM PC's or
  clones, cheap (about $400) and does all the stuff Erdas does but is not
  as fast or as powerful, though I have had only limited experience with
  Erdas.  I have used RSVGA with 6 of 7 Landsat bands and it is a good
  starter program except for the obtuse manual"

IMAGINE-32
----------
  It's a 32 bit package [I suppose for PCs] called "Imagine32"
  or "Image32" The program does a modest amount of image processing --add,
  subtract, multiply, divide, display, and plot an x or y cut across the image.
  It can also display a number of images simultaneously.
  The company is CompuScope, in Santa Barbara, CA. 

PC Vista
--------
  It was announced in the 1989 August edition of PASP.  It is known to
  be available from Mike Richmond, whose email addresses have been

	richmond@bllac.berkeley.edu
	richmond@bkyast.berkeley.edu

  and his s-mail address is:

  Michael Richmond,Astronomy Department, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720

  The latest version of PC-Vista, version 1.7, includes not only the source
  code and help files, but also a complete set of executable programs and
  a number of sample FITS images. If you do wish to use the source code,
  you will need Microsoft C, version 5.0 or later; other compilers may work,
  but will require substantial modifications.

  To receive the documentation and nine double-density (360K) floppies
  (or three quad-density 3-1/2 inch floppies (1.44M) with everything on them,
  just send a request for PC-Vista, together with your name and a US-Mail
  address, to 

	Office of Technology Licensing
	2150 Shattuck Ave., Suite 510
	Berkeley, Ca. 94704

  Include a check (Traveller's Checks are fine) or purchase order for $150.00
  in U.S. dollars, if your address is inside the continental U.S., or $165.00
  otherwise, made out to Regents of the University of California
  to cover duplication and mailing costs.


SOFTWARE TOOLS
--------------
  It's a set of software "tools" put out by Canyon State
  Systems and Software. They are not free, but rather cheap at about $30 I
  heard. It will handle most all of the formats used by frame grabber
  software. 

MIRAGE
------
  It's image processing software written by Jim Gunn at the
  Astrophysics Dept at Princeton. It will run on a PC among other platforms.
  It is a Forth based system - i.e. a Forth language with many image
  processing displaying functions built in. 

DATA TRANSLATION SOURCE BOOK
----------------------------
  The Data Translation company in Massachusetts publishes a free book
  containing vendors of data analysis hardware and software which is
  compatible with Data Translation and other frame grabbers.
  Surely you can find much more PC-related stuff in it.

MAXEN386
--------
  A couple of Canadians have written a program named MAXEN386 which does
  maximum entropy image deconvolution. Their company is named Digital
  Signal Processing Software, or something like that, and the software is
  mentioned in an article in Astronomy Magazine, either Jan or Feb 92
  (an article on CCD's vs film). 

JANDEL SCIENTIFIC (JAVA)
------------------------
  Another software package (JAVA) is put out by Jandel Scientific. 
  Jandel Scientific, 65 Koch Road, Corte Madera, CA 94925, (415) 924-8640,
  (800) 874-1888.

Microbrian
----------
  Runs on an MS dos platform and uses a 32 bit graphics card
  (Vista), or an about to be released version will support a number of
  super VGA cards.  Its a full blown remote sensed data processing
  system.. It is menu driven (character based screen), but is does not use
  a windowed user interface. Its is hardware protected with a dongle.
  Mbrian = micro Barrier reef Image Anaysis System. It was developed by
  CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Organization) and is
  marketed/ supported by:

  MPA Australia (51 Lusher Road, Croydon, Victoria
  tel + 61 3 724 4488     fax  +61 3 724 4455)

  There are educational and commercial prices, but be prepared to set
  aside $A10k for the first educational licence.  Subsequent ones come
  cheaper (they need to!) It has installed sites worldwide.  It is widely
  used at ANU.

MicroImage
----------
  The remote sensing lab here at Dartmouth currently uses Terra-Mar's
  MicroImage, on 486 PCs with some fancy display hardware.

  Terra-Mar Resource Information Services, Inc.

  1937 Landings Drive Mountain View, CA  94043 415-964-6900   FAX
  415-964-5430

Unix-based tools
================

IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility)
--------------------------------------------
  Developed in the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Kitt Peak AZ
  It is free, you can ftp it from tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1]
  and complement it with STSDAS from stsci.edu [130.167.1.2].
  Email to iraf@noao.edu for more details.
  Apparently this is one of the _de facto_ standards in the astronomical
  image community. They issue a newsletter also.
  They seem to support very well their users. Works with VMS also last
  I heard, and practically has its own shell on top of the VMS/Unix shells.

  It's suggested that you get a copy of saoimage for display under X windows.
  Very flexible/extendable  -- tons (literally 3 linear feet) of
  documentation for the general user, skilled user, and programmer.

ALV
---
  A Sun-specific image toolkit.  Version 2.0.6 posted to
  comp.sources.sun on 11dec89.  Also available via email to
  alv-users-request@cs.bris.ac.uk.

AIPS
----
  Astronomical Image Processing System.  Contact: aipsmail@nrao.edu
  (also see the UseNet Newsgroups alt.sci.astro.aips and sci.astro.fits)
  Built by NRAO (National Radio Astronomy Observatory, HQ in Charlottesville,
  VA, sites in NM, AZ, WV).  Software distributed by 9-track, Exabyte, DAT,
  or (non-anonymous) internet ftp.  Documentation (PostScript mostly)
  available via anonymous ftp to baboon.cv.nrao.edu (192.33.115.103),
  directory pub/aips and pub/aips/TEXT/PUBL.  Installation requires building
  the system and thus a Fortran and C compiler.
     This package can read and write FITS data (see sci.astro.fits), and is
  primarily for reduction, analysis, and image enhancement of Radio Astronomy
  data from radio telescopes, particularly the Very Large Array (VLA), a
  synthesis instrument.  It consists of almost 300 programs that do everything
  from copying data to sophisticated deconvolution, e.g. via maximum entropy.
  There is an X11-based Image tool (XAS) and a tek-compatible xterm-based
  graphics tool built into AIPS.  The XAS tool is modelled after the hardware
  functionality of the International Imaging Systems model 70 display unit and
  can do image arithmetic, etc.
    The code is mostly Fortran 77 with some system C language modules, and is
  available for Suns, IBM RS/6000, Dec/Ultrix, Convex, Cray (Unicos), and
  Alliant with support planned for HP-9000/7xx, Solaris 2.1, and maybe SGI.
     There is currently a project - "AIPS++" - underway to rewrite the
  algorithmic functionality of AIPS in a modern setting, using C++ and an
  object oriented approach.  Whereas AIPS is proprietary code (licensed for
  free to non-profit institutions) owner by NRAO and the NSF, AIPS++ will be
  in the public domain at some level, as it is an international effort with
  contributions from the US, Canada, England, the Netherlands, India, and
  Australia to name a few. 

LABOimage
---------
  (version 4.0 is out for X11) It's written in C, and currently
  runs on Sun 3/xxx, Sun 4/xxx (OS3.5, 4.0 and 4.0.3) under SunView.
  The expert system for image segmentation is written in Allegro Common Lisp.
  It was used on the following domains: computer science (image analysis), 
  medicine, biology, physics. It is distributed free of charge (source code).
  Available via anonymous FTP at ftp.ads.com (128.229.30.16), in
  pub/VISION-LIST-ARCHIVE/SHAREWARE/LaboImage_*

  Contact: Prof. Thierry Pun, Computer Vision Group Computing Science Center,
  U-Geneva 12, rue du Lac, CH-1207 Geneva SWITZERLAND
  Phone : +41(22) 787 65 82; fax: +41(22) 735 39 05
  E-mail: pun@cui.unige.ch  or pun@cgeuge51.bitnet


Figaro
------
  It was originally made for VMS, and can be obtained from
  Keith Shortridge in Australia (ks@aaoepp.aao.gov.au)
  and for Unix from Sam Southard at Caltech (sns@deimos.caltech.edu).
  It's about 110Mbytes on a Sun.

KHOROS
------
  Moved to the Scientific  Visualization category below

Vista
-----
  The "real thing" is available via anonymous ftp from lowell.edu. Email to
  vista@lowell.edu for more details. Total size less than 20Mbytes.

DISIMP
------
  (Device Independent Software for Image Processing) is a powerful
  system providing both user friendliness and high functionality in
  interactive times.

  Feature Description

  DISIMP incorporates a rich library of image processing utilities and
  spatial data options. All functions can be easily accessed via the
  DISIMP executive. This menu is modular in design and groups image
  processes by their function. Such a logical structure means that
  complicated processes are simply a progression through a series of
  modules.

  Processes include image rectification, classification (unsupervised and
  supervised), intensity transformations, three dimensional display and
  Principal Component Analysis. DISIMP also supports the more simple and
  effective enhancement techniques of filtering, band subtraction and
  ratioing.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Running on UNIX workstations, DISIMP is capable of processing the more
  computational intensive techniques in interactive processing times.
  DISIMP is available in both Runtime and Programmer's environments. Using
  the Programmers environment, utilities can be developed for specific
  applications programs.

  Graphics are governed by an icon-based Display Panel which allows quick
  enhancments of a displayed image. Manipulations of Look Up Tables,
  colour stretches, changes to histograms, zooming and panning can be
  interactively driven through this control.

  A range of geographic projections enables DISIMP to integrate data of
  image, graphic and textual types. Images can be rectified by a number of
  coordinate systems, providing the true geographic knowledge essential
  for ground truthing. Overlays of grids, text and vector data can be
  added to further enhance referenced imagery.

  The system is a flexible package allowing users of various skill levels
  to determine their own working environment, including the amount of help
  required. DISIMP comes fully configured with no optional extras. The
  purchase price includes all functionality required for professional
  processing of remote sensed data.

  For further information, please contact:

  The Business Manager, CLOUGH Engineering Group Systems Division, 627
  Chapel Street, South Yarra, Australia 3141. Telephone:  +61 3 825 5555
  Fax:  +61 3 826 6463

Global Imaging Software
-----------------------
  "We use Global Imaging Software to process AVHRR data, from the dish to
  the final display. Select a chunk of five band data from a pass,
  automatic navigation, calibrate it to Albedo and Temp, convert that to
  byte, register it to predesigned window, all relatively automatically
  and carefree.

  It has no classification routines to speak of, but it isn't that
  difficult to write your own with their programmer's module.

  Very small operation: one designs, one codes, one sells. Been around for
  a number of years, sold to Weather Service and Navy.  Runs on HP9000
  with HP-UX.  Supports 24-bit display"

HIPS
----
(Human   Information   Processing Laboratory's Image Processing System)

  Michael Landy co-wrote and sell a general-purpose package for image
  processing which has been used for basically all the usual image
  processing applications (robotics, medical, satellite, engineering, oil
  exploration, etc.).  It is called HIPS, and deals with sequences of
  multiband images in the same way it deals with single images.  It has
  been growing since we first wrote it, both by additions from us as well
  as a huge user-contributed library.

  Feature description

  HIPS  is  a  set  of  image  processing  modules  which together provide
  a  powerful  suite  of  tools  for  those interested in research,
  system  development  and  teaching. It  handles  sequences  of  images
  (movies)  in precisely the same manner as single frames.

  Programs and subroutines have been developed  for simple image
  transformations, filtering, convolution, Fourier and other transform
  processing, edge detection  and line  drawing   manipulation, digital
  image compression and transmission  methods, noise generation, and image
  statistics computation. Over 150 such  image transformation programs
  have been developed.  As a result, almost any image processing  task
  can be performed quickly and conveniently. Additionally, HIPS allows
  users to easily integrate  their  own custom  routines.   New users
  become effective using HIPS on their first day.

  HIPS features images that are  self-documenting.   Each image stored  in
  the  system  contains  a  history  of the transformations that have been
  applied to that image.   HIPS includes  a  small  set of subroutines
  which primarily deals with a standardized  image sequence  header,  and
  a  large library  of  image  transformation tools in the form of UNIX
  ``filters''.  It comes complete with source  code,  on-line manual
  pages, and on-line documentation.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Originally  developed at  New  York  University,  HIPS  now represents
  one of the most extensive and flexible vision and image  processing
  environments currently available.  It runs under the UNIX operating
  system.  It is modular  and  flexible, provides automatic documentation
  of its actions, and is almost entirely independent of special equipment.
  HIPS is now in use on a variety of computers including Vax and
  Microvax, Sun, Apollo,  Masscomp,  NCR Tower, Iris, IBM AT, etc.
  For image display and input, drivers are supplied for the Grinnell and
  Adage (Ikonas) image processors, and the Sun-2, Sun-3, Sun- 4, and
  Sun-386i consoles.  We also  supply  user-contributed drivers  for  a
  number of  other framestores and windowing packages (Sun gfx, Sun
  console, Matrox VIP-1024, ITI IP-512, Lexidata,  Macintosh II, X
  windowing system, and Iris).  The Hipsaddon package includes an
  interface  for the  CRS-4000. It  is  a  simple matter to interface HIPS
  with other frame- stores, and we can put interested users in touch with
  users who  have interfaced HIPS with the Arlunya and Datacube Max-
  Video. HIPS can be easily adapted for other  image  display devices
  because 98% of HIPS is machine independent.

  Availability

  HIPS has proven itself a highly flexible  system,  both as  an
  interactive  research tool, and for more production- oriented tasks. It
  is both easy to use, and quickly adapted and extended to new uses. HIPS
  is supplied on magnetic tape in UNIX tar format (either reel- to-reel or
  Sun  cartridge), and comes with source code, libraries, a library of
  convolu- tion masks, and on-line documentation and manual pages.

  Michael Landy SharpImage Software P.O. Box 373, Prince Street Station
  New York, NY   10012-0007 Voice:  (212) 998-7857 Fax: (212) 995-4011
  msl@cns.nyu.edu


MIRA
----
[ Please DON'T confuse that with the Thalmanns animation system from
  Montreal. These are altogether different beasts! - nfotis ]

  MIRA stands for Microcomputer Image Reduction and Analysis.  MIRA gives
  workstation level performance on 386/486 DOS computers using SVGA cards in
  256 color modes up to 1024x768. MIRA contains a very handsome/functional
  GUI which is mouse and keystroke operated. MIRA reads/writes TIFF and FITS
  formats, native formats of a number of CCD cameras, and uncompressed binary
  images in byte, short integer, and 4-byte real pixel format in 1- or 2-
  dimensions. The result of an image processing operation can be short integer
  or real pixels, or the same as that of the input image. MIRA does the
  operation using short or floating point arithmetic to maintain the precision
  and accuracy of the pixel format. Over 100 functions are hand-coded in
  assembly language for maximum speed on the Intel hardware.  The entire
  graphical interface is also written in assembly language to maximize
  the speed of windowing operations.  Windows for 2-d image and 1-d image/data
  display and analysis have dedicated cursors which read position and value
  value in real time as you move the mouse.  There are also smooth, real time
  contrast and brightness stretch and panning of a magnified portion of
  the displayed image(s), all operated by the mouse. A wide selection of
  grayscale, pseudocolor, and random palettes is provided, and other 
  palettes can be generated.


Supported functions include such niceties as the following:

o  image & image: + - / * interpolation
o  image & constant: + - / *
o  unary operations: abs value, polynomial of pixel value, chs, 1/x, log,
   byteswap, clip values at upper/lower limits, short->real or real->short.
o  combine images by mean, median, mode, or sum of pixel values, with or
   without autoscaling to mean, median, or mode of an image section.
o  convolutions/filters: Laplacian, Sobel edge operator, directional gradient,
   line, Gaussian, elliptical and rectangular equal weight filters, unsharp
   masking, median filters, user defined filter kernel.  Ellipse, rectangle,
   line, gradient, Gaussian, and user defined filters can be rotated to
   any specified angle.
o  CCD data reduction: flat fielding, dark subtraction, column over/underscan
   bias removal, remove bad pixels and column defects, normalize to
   region target mean, median, or modal value.
o  create subimage, mosaic m x n 1-d or 2-d images to get larger image,
   collapse 2-d image into 1-d image.
o  plot 1-d section or collapsed section of 2-d image, plot histogram of
   region of an image.
o  review/change image information/header data, rename keywords, plot
   keyword values for a set of images.
o  luminance/photometry: elliptical or circular aperture photometry,
   brightness profile, isophotal photometry between set of upper & lower
   luminances, area and luminance inside traced polygon. Interactive
   background fitting and removal from part or all of image, fit elliptical
   aperture shape to image isophotes. 
o  interactive with 2-d image: contrast/brightness, x- y- or diagonal plot
   of pixel values, distance between two points, compute region stats,`
   centroid, pan to x,y location or image center, zoom 1/16 to 10 times,
   change cursor to rectangle crosshair, full image crosshair, or off, and
   adjust cursor size on image. Select linear, log or gamma transfer function
   or histogram equalization.
o  interactive or specified image offset computation and re-sampling for
   registration.
o  interactive with 1-d image: zoom in x- y- or both in steps of 1/2 or
   2 times current, re-center plot, or enlarge a framed area. 4 plot buffers
   can be cycled through. Interactive data analysis: polynomial fitting,
   point deletion, undelete, change value, point weighting, linear and
   quadratic loess and binomial smoothing, revert to unit point weights
   or original data buffer, substitute results into data buffer for pass
   back to calling function. Dump data buffer (+ overlays and error bars)
   to file or printer.  Change to user specified coordinate system.
o  Tricolor image combination and display, hardcopy halftone printout to
   HP-PCL compatible printers (Laserjet, deskjet, etc.)
o  Documentation is over 300 pages in custom vinyl binder.

  Cost: 995 $USD/copy

  Available from:

  Axiom Research, Inc.
  Box 44162
  Tucson, AZ  85733
  (602) 791-2864  phone/fax.

  international marketing rep: Saguaro Scientific Corporation, Tucson, Arizona.

==========================================================================

End of Part 2 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38376
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 3/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part3
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 3/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993


11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
======================================================

DEMs (Digital Elevation Models)
-------------------------------
  DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) as well as other cartographic data
  [huge] is available from spectrum.xerox.com [192.70.225.78], /pub/map.

  Contact:
  Lee Moore -- Webster Research Center, Xerox Corp. --
  Voice: +1 (716) 422 2496
  Arpa, Internet:  Moore.Wbst128@Xerox.Com
[ Check also on ncgia.ucsb.edu (128.111.254.105), /pub/dems -- nfotis ]

  Many of these files are also available on CD-ROM selled by USGS:
  "1:2,000,000 scale  Digital Line Graph (DLG) Data". Contains datas
  for all 50 states. Price is about $28, call to or visit in offices
  in Menlo Park, in Reston, Virginia (800-USA-MAPS).

  The Data User Services Division of the Bureau of the Census also has
  data on CD-ROM (TSO standard format) that is derived from USGS
  1:100,000 map data. Call (301) 763-4100 for more info or they have
  a BBS at (301) 763-1568.

[ From Dr.Dobbs #198 March 1993: ]

      "The U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, in cooperation with their counterpart
agencies in CANADA, the U.K., and Australia, have released the Digital Chart
of the World (DCW). This chart consists of over 1.5 gigabytes of reasonable
quality vector data distributed on four CD-ROMS. .... includes coastlines,
rivers, roads, railrays, airports,cities, towns, spot elevations, and depths,
and over 100,000 place names."

It is ISO9660 compatible and only $200.00 available from:

U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 25286
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225

Digital Distribution Services
Energy, Mines, and Resources Canada
615 Booth Street
Ottawa, ON
K1A 0E9 Canada

Director General of Military Survey
(Survey 3)
Elmwood Avenue
Feltham, Middlesex
TW13 7AH United Kingdom

Director of Survey, Australian Army
Department of Defense
Campbell Park Offices (CP2-4-24)
Campbell ACT 2601 Australia


Fractal Landscape Generators
----------------------------

Public Domain:

  Many people have written fractal landscape generators. for example
  for the Mac some of these generators were written by
  pdbourke@ccu1.aukuni.ac.nz (Paul D. Bourke).
  Many of the programs are available from the FTP sites and mail
  archive servers. Check with Archie.

Commercial:

  Vista Pro 3.0 for the Amiga from Virtual Reality Labs -- list price
  is about $100. Their address is:
	VRL
	2341 Ganador court
	San Luis Obispo,
	CA 93401
	Telephone or FAX (805) 545-8515

  Scenery Animator (also for the Amiga) is of the same caliber with Vista Pro 2.
  Check with:
	Natural Graphics
	P.O. Box 1963
	Raklin, CA 95677
	Phone (916) 624-1436

  Don't forget to ask about companion programs and data disks/tapes.

  Vista Pro 3 has been ported to the PCs.


CIA World Map II
----------------
[  NOTE: this database is quite out of date, and not topologically structured.
  If you need a standard for world cartographic data, wait for the
  Digital Chart of the World. This 1:1M database has been produced from
  the Defense Mapping Agency's ONCs and will be available, together with
  searching and viewing software, on a number of CD-ROMs later this summer. ]

  Check into HANAUMA.STANFORD.EDU and UCSD.EDU (see ftp list above)
  The CIA database consists of coastlines, rivers and political boundaries
  in the form of line strokes. Also on hanauma.stanford.edu is a 720x360
  array of elevation data, containing one ieee floating point number for
  every half degree longitude and latitude.
 
  A program for decoding the database, mfil, can be found on the machine
  pi1.arc.umn.edu (137.66.130.11).
  There's another program, which reads a compressed CIA Data Bank file and
  builds a PHIGS hierachical structure. It uses a PHIGS extension known as
  polyline sets for performance, but you can use regular polylines. Ask
  Joe Stewart <joes@lpi.liant.com>.
  The raw data at Stanford require the vplot package to be able to view it.
  (was posted in comp.sources.unix). To be more exact, you'll have to
  compile just the libvplot routines, not the whole package.

NCAR data
---------
  NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) has many types of
  terrain  data, ranging from elevation datasets at
  various resolutions, to information about soil types, vegetation, etc.
  This data is not free -- they charge from $40 to $90 or more, depending
  on the data volume and media (exabyte tape, 3480 cartridge, 9-track tape,
  IBM PC floppy, and FTP transfer are all available).  Their data archive
  is mostly research oriented, not hobbyist oriented.  For more information,
  email to ilana@ncar.ucar.edu.

UNC data tapes with voxel data
--------------
  There are 2 "public domain" tapes with data for the comparison and
  testing of various volume rendering algorithms (mainly MRI and CT
  scans). These tapes are distributed by the SoftLab of UNC @ Chapel Hill.
  (softlab@cs.unc.edu)

  The data sets (volume I and II) are also available via anonymous FTP from
  omicron.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159] in pub/softlab/CHVRTD

NASA
----
  Many US agencies such as NASA publish CD-ROMs with many altimetry data
  from various space missions, eg. Viking for Mars, Magellan for Venus,
  etc. Especially for NASA, I would suggest to call the following
  address for more info:

     National Space Science Date Center
     Goddard Space Flight Center
     Greenbelt, Maryland 20771
     Telephone: (301) 286-6695
     Email address:  request@nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov

  The data catalog (*not* the data itself) is available online.
  Internet users can telnet to nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov (128.183.10.4) and log
  in as 'NODIS' (no password).

  You can also dial in at (301)-286-9000 (300, 1200, or 2400 baud, 8 bits,
  no parity, one stop). At the "Enter Number:" prompt, enter MD and
  carriage return. When the system responds "Call Complete," enter a few
  more carriage returns to get the "Username:" and log in as 'NODIS' (no
  password).

  NSSDCA is also an anonymous FTP site, but no comprehensive list of
  what's there is available at present.

Earth Sciences Data
-------------------

  There's a listing of anonymous FTP sites for earth science data, including
  imagery. This listing is called "Earth Sciences Resources on Internet",
  and you can get it via anonymous FTP from csn.org [128.138.213.21]
  in the directory COGS under the name "internet.resources.earth.sci"

  Some sites include:
  aurelie.soest.hawaii.edu [128.171.151.121]: pub/avhrr/images - AVHRR images
  ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM  - images from
        Magellan and Viking missions etc.
        pub/SPACE/Index contains a listing of files available in the whole
        archive (the index is about 200K by itself). There's also an
        e-mail server for the people without Internet access: send a letter
        to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov (or ames!archive-server). In the
        subject of your letter (or in the body), use commands like:

        send SPACE Index
        send SPACE SHUTTLE/ss01.23.91

        (Capitalization is important! Only text files are handled by the
        email server at present)

  vab02.larc.nasa.gov [128.155.23.47]: pub/gifs/misc/landsat -
	Landsat photos in GIF and JPEG format
[ It was shut down - nfotis; anyone has a copy of this archive?? ]

Others
------
  Daily values of river discharge, streamflow, and daily weather data is
  available from EarthInfo, 5541 Central Ave., Boulder CO  80301.  These
  disks are expensive, around $500, but there are quantity discounts.
  (303) 938-1788.

  Check vmd.cso.uiuc.edu [128.174.5.98], the wx directory carries
  data regarding surface analysis, weather radar, and sat view pics in
  GIF format (updated hourly)

  pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217] is the Space and Planetary Image Facility
  (located on the University of New Mexico campus) FTP server. It provides
  Anonymous FTP access to >150 CD-ROMS  with data/images.

  A disk with earthquake data, topography, gravity, geopolitical info
  is available from NGDC (National Geophysical Data Center), 325 Broadway,
  Boulder, CO  80303.  (303) 497-6958.

  EOSAT (at least in the US) now sells Landsat MSS data older than two years
  old for $200 per scene, and they have been talking about a similar deal
  for Landsat TM data. The MSS data are 4 bands, 80 meter resolution.

  Check out anonymous FTP to ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in
  UNIX/PolyView/alpha-shape for a tool that creates convex hulls
  alpha-shapes (a generalization of the convex hull) from 3D point sets.

  The GRIPS II (Gov. Raster Image Processing Software) CD-ROM
  is available from CD-ROM Inc. at 1-800-821-5245 for $49.
  Code for viewing ADRG (Arc Digitised Raster Graphics) files is
  available on the GRIPS II CD-ROM. The U.S. Army Engineer 
  Topographic Labs (Juan Perez) code is also available via FTP
  ( adrg.zip archive in  spectrum.xerox.com )

NRCC range data
---------------
  Rioux M., Cournoyer L. "The NRCC Three-Dimensional Image Data Files",
  Tech. Report, CNRC 29077, National Research Council Canada,
  Ottawa, Canada, 1988
  [ From what I understand, these data are from a laser range finder,
   and you can a copy for research purposes ]

==========================================================================

12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data
===================================

a. Cyberware Labs, Monterey, CA, manufactures a 3D color laser digitizer
  which can be used to model parts of, or a complete, human body.
  They run a service bureau also, so they can digitize models for you.

  Address:
    Cyberware Labs, Inc
    8 Harris Ct, Suite 3D
    Monterey, CA 93940
  Phone: (408)373-1441, Fax: (408)373-3582

b. Polhemus makes a 6D input device (actually a couple of models)
  that senses position (3D) and *orientation* (+3D) based on electromagnetic
  field interference.  This equipment is also incorporated in the
  VPL Dataglove.
  This hardware is also called ISOTRACK, from Keiser Aerospace.

Ascension Technology makes a similar 3D input device.
There is a company, Applied Sciences(?), that makes a 3D input
device (position only) based on speed of sound triangulation.

c. A company that specializes in digitizing is Viewpoint. You can ask
   for Viewpoint's _free_ 100 page catalog full of ready to 
   ship datasets from categories such as cars, anatomy, aircraft,sports,
   boats, trains, animals and others. Though these objects are
   quite expensive, the cataloge is nevertheless of interest for it
   has pictures of all the available objects in wireframe , polygon mesh.

  Contact:

  Viewpoint,
  870 West Center,
  Orem, Utah 84057
  ph# 801-224-2222
  fax# 801-224-2272
  1-800-DATASET

------

  Some addresses for companies that make digitizers:

  Ascension Technology
  Bird, Flock of Birds, Big Bird: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 527,
  Burlington, VT 05402
  Phone: (802) 655-7879, Fax: (802) 655-5904

  Polhemus Incorporated
  Digitizer: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 560, Hercules Dr.
  Colchester, Vt. 05446
  Tel: (802) 655-3159

  Logitech Inc.
  Red Baron, ultrasonic 6D mouse
  6506 Kaiser Dr.
  Freemont, CA 94555
  Tel: (415) 795-8500w

  Shooting Star Technology
  Mechanical Headtracker
  1921 Holdom Ave.
  Burnaby, B.C. Canada V5B 3W4
  Tel: (604) 298-8574
  Fax: (604) 298-8580

  Spaceball Technologies, Inc.
  Spaceball: 6d stationary input device
  600 Suffolk Street
  Lowell, MA, 01854
  Tel: (508) 970-0330 
  Fax: (508) 970-0199
  Tel in Mountain View: (415) 966-8123 

  Transfinite Systems 
  Gold Brick: PowerGlove for Macintosh
  P.O. Box N
  MIT Branch Post Office
  Cambridge, MA 02139-0903
  Tel: (617) 969-9570
  email: D2002@AppleLink.Apple.com

  VPL Research, Inc.
  EyePhone: head-mounted display
  DataGlove: glove/hand input device
  VPL Research Inc.
  950 Tower Lane
  14th Floor
  Foster City, CA 94404
  Tel: (415) 312-0200
  Fax: (415) 312-9356

  SimGraphics Engineering
  Flying Mouse: 6d input device
  1137 Huntington Rd. Suite A-1
  South Pasadena, CA 91030-4563
  (213) 255-0900

========================================================================

13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
=========================================

 First, check in the FTP places that are mentioned in the FAQ or in the FTP
list above.

24-bit scanning:
----------------
  Get a good 24-bit scanner, like Epson's. Suggested is an SCSI port for
  speed. Eric Haines had a suggestion in RT News, Volume 4, #3 :
  scan textures for wallpapers and floor coverings, etc. from doll
  house supplies.
  So you have a rather cheap way to scan patterns that don't have
  scaling troubles associated with real materials and scanning area.

Books with textures:
--------------------
  Find some houses/books/magazines that carry photographic material.
  Educorp, 1-619-536-9999, sells CD-ROMS with various imagery - also
  a wide variety of stock art is available.
  Stock art from big-name stock art houses, such as Comstock,
  UNIPHOTO, and Metro Image Base, is available.

  In Italy, there's a company called Belvedere that makes such books
  for the purpose of clipping their pages for inclusion in your
  graphics work. Their address is:
	Edition Belvedere Co. Ltd.,
	00196 Rome Italy,
	Piazzale Flaminio, 19
	Tel. (06) 360-44-88, Fax (06)  360-29-60

Texture Libraries:
------------------
a. Mannikin Sceptre Graphics announced TexTiles, a set of 256x256 24-bit
   textures. Initial shipments in 24-bit IFF (for Amigas), soon in 24-bit
   TIFF format. Algorithmically built for tiled surfaces. SRP is $40 / volume
   (each volume = 40 images @ 10 disks). Demo disks for $5 are available.

   Contact:
   Mannikin Sceptre Graphics
   1600 Indiana Ave.
   Winter Park, FL 32789
   Phone: (407) 384-9484
   FAX: (407) 647-7242

b. ESSENCE is a library of 65 (sixty-five) new algoritmic textures for Imagine
   by Impulse, Inc. These textures are FULLY compatible with the floating point
   versions of Imagine 2.0, Imagine 1.1, and even Turbo Silver.
   Written by Steve Worley.

   For more info contact:
   Essence Info
   Apex Software Publishing
   405 El Camino Real Suite 121
   Menlo Park CA 94025 USA

[ What about Texture City ?? ]

==========================================================================

14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
========================================

a. Ray-Tracing:
---------------

  I assume you have a general understanding of Computer Graphics. No? Then read
  some of the books that the FAQ contains. For Ray-Tracing, I would
  suggest:
   An Introduction to Ray Tracing, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press
     1989, ISBN 0-12-286160-4
  Note that I have not read the book, but I feel that you can't be wrong
  using his book. An errata list was posted in comp.graphics by Eric Haines
  (erich@eye.com)

There's a more concise reference also:

  Roman Kuchkuda , UNC @ Chapel Hill: "An Introduction to Ray Tracing", in
  "Theoretical Foundations for Computer Graphics and CAD", ed. R.A.E.Earnshaw,
  NATO AS, Vol. F-40., pp. 1039-1060. Printed by Springer-Verlag, 1988.

It contains code for a small, but fundamentally complete ray-tracer.

b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
--------------------------

A good reference is:

        _Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics_, David F. Rogers,
        McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985, pages 265-272 and 280-284.

c. Others:
----------
???
[ More info is needed -- nfotis ]

========================================================================

15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
================================================

a. Teapot ?
-----------

"Displays on Display" column of IEEE CG&A Jan '87 has the whole
story about origin of the Martin Newell's teapot. The article also has
the bezier patch model and a Pascal program to display the wireframe
model of the teapot.

IEEE CG&A Sep '87 in Jim Blinn's column "Jim Blinn's Corner" describes
an another way to model the teapot; Bezier curves with rotations for
example are used.

The OFF and SPD packages have these objects, so you're advised to get
them to avoid typing the data yourself.  The OFF data is triangles at
a specific resolution (around 8x8[x4 triangles] meshing per patch).
The SPD package provides the spline patch descriptions and performs a
tessellation at any specified resolution.

b. Space Shuttle ?
------------------

Tolis Lerios <tolis@nova.stanford.edu> has built a list of Space Shuttle
datafiles. Here's a summary (From his sci.space list):

model1:
A modified version of the newsgroup model (model2)

406 vertices (296 useful, i.e. referred to in the polygon descriptions.)
389 polygons (233 3-vertex, 146 4-vertex, 7 5-vertex, 3 6-vertex).
Payload doors non-existent.
Units: unknown.

Simon Marshall (S.Marshall@sequent.cc.hull.ac.uk) has a copy. He
said there is no proprietary information associated with it.

model2:
The newsgroup model, in OFF format. You can find it in

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au , file pub/off/objects/shuttle.geo
hanauma.stanford.edu ,  /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics/objects/shuttle.data

model3:
The triangles' model.

This model is stored in several files, each defining portions of the model.

Greg Henderson (henders@infonode.ingr.com) has a copy.  He did
not mention any restriction on the model's distribution.

model4:
The NASA model.

The file starts off with a header line containing three real numbers,
defining the offsets used by Lockheed in their simulations:

<x offset> <y offset> <z offset>

From then on, the file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions

3473 vertices.
2748 polygons (407 3-vertex, 2268 4-vertex, 33 5-vertex, 14 6-vertex,
 10 7-vertex, 8 8-vertex, 8 12-vertex, 2 13-vertex, 2 15-vertex,
 17 16-vertex, 2 17-vertex, 2 18-vertex, 3 19-vertex, 8 24-vertex).
Payload doors closed.
Units: inches.

Jon Berndt (jon@l14h11.jsc.nasa.gov) seems to be responsible for the model
Proprietary info: unknown

model5:
The old shuttle model.

The file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions.

104 vertices.
452 polygons (11 3-vertex, 41 4-vertex).
Payload doors open.
Units: meters.

We have been using this model at STAR Labs, Stanford University, for
some years now. Contact me (tolis@nova.stanford.edu) or my supervisor
Scott Williams (scott@star5.stanford.edu) if you want a copy.

========================================================================

16. Image annotation software
=============================

a. Touchup runs in Sunview and is pretty good.  It reads in
  rasterfiles, but even if your image isn't normally stored
  in rasterfile format you could use screendump to make it a
  rasterfile.

b. Idraw (part of Stanford's InterViews distribution) can handle some
  image formats in addition to being a MacDraw like tool.  I'm not
  sure exactly what they are.
  You can ftp the idraw's binary from interviews.stanford.edu.

c. Tgif is another MacDraw like tool that can handle X11 bitmap (xbm)
  and X11 pixmap (xpm) formats.  If the image you have is in formats
  other than xbm or xpm, you can get the pbmplus toolkit to convert
  things like gif or even some Macintosh formats to xpm.
  Tgif's sources are available in the pub directory on cs.ucla.edu
  (Version 2.12 of tgif at patchlevel 7 plus patch8 and patch9)

d. Use the editimage facility of KHOROS (see below).
  This is just one utility in the overall system- you can essentially do all
  your image processing and macdraw-type graphics using this package.

e. You might be able to get by with PBMPlus.  pbmtext gives you text output
  bitmaps which can be overlaid on top of your image.

f. 'ice' requires Sun hardware running OpenWindows 3.It's a PostScript-based
  graphical editor,and it's available for anonymous ftp from Internet host
  eo.soest.hawaii.edu (128.171.151.12). Requires Sun C++ 2.0 and
  two other locally developed packages, the LXT library (an Xlib-based
  toolkit) and a small C++ class library. All files (pub/ice.tar.Z,
  pub/lxt.tar.Z and pub/ldgoc++.tar.Z) are available in compressed
  tar format. pub/ice.tar.Z contains a README that gives installation
  instructions, as well as an extensive man page (ice.1).
  A statically-linked compressed executable pub/ice-sun4.Z for
  SPARC systems is also available for ftp.

  All software is the property of Columbia University and may not
  be redistributed without permission.

  ice means Image Composition Environment and it's an imaging tool that
  allows raster images to be combined with a wide variety of
  PostScript annotations in WYSIWYG fashion via X11 imaging
  routines and NeWS PostScript rasterizing.

g. Use ImageMagick to annotate an image from your X server.  Pick the 
  position of your text with the cursor and choose your font and pen 
  color from a pull-down menu.  ImageMagick can read and write many
  of the more popular image formats.  ImageMagick is available as
  export.lcs.mit.edu: contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z or at your nearest
  X11 archive.

========================================================================

17. Scientific visualization stuff
==================================

X Data Slice (xds)
-------------------
  Bundled with the X11 distribution from MIT,
  in the contrib directory. Available at ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50]
  (either as a source or binaries for various platforms).

National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Tool Suite
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Platforms: Unix Workstations (DEC, IBM, SGI, Sun)
           Apple MacIntosh
           Cray supercomputers

Availability: Now available.  Source code in the public domain.
              FTP from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

Contact: National Center for Supercomputing Applications
         Computing Applications Building
         605 E. Springfield Ave.
         Champaign, IL 61820

Cost: Free (zero dollars).

The suite includes tools for 2D image and 3D scene analysis and visualization.
The code is actively maintained and updated.

Spyglass
--------
  They sell commercial versions of the NCSA tools. Examples are:

	Spyglass Dicer (3D volumetric data analysis package)
		Platform: Mac

	Spyglass Transform (2D data analysis package)
		Platforms: Mac, SGI, Sun, DEC, HP, IBM

  Contact:
  Spyglass, Inc.
  P.O. Box 6388
  Champaign, IL  61826
  (217) 355-6000

KHOROS 1.0 Patch 5
------------------
  Available via anonymous ftp at pprg.eece.unm.edu (129.24.24.10).
  cd to /pub/khoros to see what is available. It is HUGE (> 100 MB), but good.
  Needs Unix and X11R4. Freely copied (NOT PD), complete with sources
  and docs. Very extensive and at its heart is visual programming.
  Khoros components include a visual programming language, code
  generators for extending the visual language and adding new application
  packages to the system, an interactive user interface editor, an
  interactive image display package, an extensive library of image and
  signal processing routines, and 2D/3D plotting packages.

  See comp.soft-sys.khoros on Usenet and the relative FAQ for more info....

  Contact:

  The Khoros Group
  Room 110 EECE Dept.
  University of New Mexico
  Albuquerque, NM 87131

  Email: khoros-request@chama.eece.unm.edu


MacPhase
--------
  Analysis & Visualization Application for the Macintosh.
  Operates on 1D and 2D data arrays. Import/Export several different file
  formats.  Several different plotting options such as gray scale,
  color raster, 3D Wire frame, 3D surface, contour, vector, line, and
  combinations.  FFTs, filtering, and other math functions, color look up
  editor, array calculator, etc. Shareware, available via anonymous ftp from
  sumex-aim.stanford.edu in the info-mac/app directory.
  For other information contact Doug Norton (e-mail: 74017.461@@compuserve.com)


IRIS Explorer
-------------
  It's an application creation system developed by Silicon
  Graphics that provides visualisation and analysis functionality for
  computational scientists, engineers and other scientists. The Explorer
  GUI allows users to build custom applications without having to write
  any, or a minimal amount of, traditonal code. Also, existing code can
  be easily integrated into the Explorer environment. Explorer currently
  is available now on SGI and Cray machines, but will become available on
  other platforms in time. [ Bundled with every new SGI machine, as far as
  I know]

  See comp.graphics.explorer or comp.sys.sgi for discussion of the package.

  There are also two FTP servers for related stuff, modules etc.:

  ftp.epcc.ed.ac.uk [129.215.56.29]
  swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] - mirror of the UK site

apE
---
  Back in the 'old good days', you could get apE for nearly free.
  Now has gone commercial and the following vendor supplies it:

  TaraVisual Corporation
  929 Harrison Avenue
  Columbus, Ohio 43215
  Tel: 1-800-458-8731 and (614) 291-2912
  Fax: (614) 291-2867

        Cost:
  $895 (plus tax); runtime version with a site-license for a single user
  (at a time), no limit on the number of machines in a cluster.
  $895 includes support/maintenance and upgrades.
  Source code more.  Additional user licenses $360.

  The name of the package has become apE III (TM).
  Khoros is very similar to apE on philosophy, as are AVS and Explorer.

AVS
---
See also:
        comp.graphics.avs

Platforms: CONVEX, CRAY, DEC, Evans & Sutherland, HP, IBM, Kubota,
Set Technologies, SGI, Stardent, SUN, Wavetracer
Availability: AVS4 available on all the above:
  For all UNIX workstations.

Contact:
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc.
  300 Fifth Ave.
  Waltham, MA    02154

  (617)-890-4300   Telephone
  (617)-890-8287   Fax
  avs@avs.com      Email

  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. for: CRAY, HP, IBM, SGI, Stardent, SUN
  CONVEX for CONVEX
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or CRAY for CRAY
  DEC for DEC
  Evans & Sutherland for Evans & Sutherland
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or IBM for IBM
  Kubota Pacific Inc. for Kubota
  Set Technologies for Set Technologies
  Wavetracer for Wavetracer

  FTP Site: for modules, data sets, other info:
	avs.ncsc.org (128.109.178.23)

WIT
---
  In a nutshell it's a package of the same genre as AVS,Explorer,etc.
  It seems more a image processing system than a generic SciVi system (IMHO)
  Major elements are:

  - a visual programming language, which automatically exploits the inherent
        parallelism
  - a code generator which converts the graph to a standalone program

  Iconified libraries present a rich set of point, filter, io, transform,
  morphological, segmentation, and measurement operations.
  A flow library allows graphs to employ broadcast, merge,
  synchronization, conditional, and sequencing control strategies.

  WIT delivers an object-oriented, distributed, visual programming
  environment which allows users to rapidly design solutions to their
  imaging problems. Users can consolidate both software and hardware
  developments within a complete CAD-like workspace by adding their
  own operators (C functions), objects (data structures), and servers
  (specialized hardware). WIT runs on Sun, HP9000/7xx, SGI and supports
  Datacube MV-20/200 hardware allowing you to run your graphs in real-time.

  For a free WIT demo disk, call, FAX, or e-mail (poon@ee.ubc.ca)
  us stating your complete name, address, voice, FAX, e-mail info.
  and desired platform.

  Pricing: WIT for Sparc, one yr. free upgrades, 30 days
  technical support....................$5000 US

  Academic institutions: discounts available


  Contact:
  Logical Vision Ltd.
  Suite 108-3700 Gilmore Way
  Burnaby, B.C., CANADA
  V5G 4M1
  Tel: 604-435-2587
  Fax: 604-435-8840

  Terry Arden <poon@ee.ubc.ca>

VIS-5D
------
  A system for visually exploring the output of 5-D gridded data sets
  such as those made by weather models. Platforms:

    SGI IRIS with VGX, GTX, TG, or G graphics,
    SGI Crimson or Indigo (R4000, Elan graphics suggested), IRIX 4.0.x
    IBM RS/6000 with GL graphics, AIX version 3 or later;
    Stardent GS-1000 and GS-2000 (with TrueColor display)

  In any case, 32 (or more) MB of RAM are suggested.

  You can get it freely (thanks to NASA support) via anonymous ftp:

 ftp iris.ssec.wisc.edu  (or ftp 144.92.108.63), then

  ftp> cd pub/vis5d
  ftp> ascii
  ftp> get README
  ftp> bye

 NOTE: You can find the package also on wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
 graphics/graphics/packages directory.

  Read section 2 of the README file for full instructions
  on how to get and install VIS-5D.

  Contact:
  Bill Hibbard (whibbard@vms.macc.wisc.edu)
  Brian Paul (bpaul@vms.macc.wisc.edu)

DATAexplorer (IBM)
------------------
  Platforms : IBM Risc System 6000, IBM POWER Visualization Server
        (SIMD mesh 32 i860s, 40 MHz)

  Working on (announced) : SGI, HP, Sun

  Contact:
  Your local IBM Rep.  For a trial package ask your rep to contact :

  David Kilgore
  Data Explorer Product Marketing
  YKTVMH(KILCORE), (708) 981-4510

Wavefront
---------
  Data Visualizer, Personal Visualizer, Advanced Visualizer.
  Platforms: SGI, SUN, IBM RS6000, HP, DEC

  Availability:
    Available on all the above platforms from Wavefront
    Technologies.  Educational programs and site licenses are
    available.

  Contacts:
    Mike Wilson (mike@wti.com)

    Wavefront Technologies, Inc.
    530 East Montecito Street
    Santa Barbara, CA 93103
    805-962-8117
    FAX: 805-963-0410

    Wavefront Europe
    Guldenspoorstraat 21-23
    B-9000 Gent, Belgium
    32-91-25-45-55
    FAX: 32-91-23-44-56

    Wavefront Technologies Japan
    17F Shinjuku-sumitomo Bldg
    2-6-1  Nishi-shinjuku, Shunjuku-Ku
    Tokyo 168 Japan
    81-3-3342-7330
   FAX 81-3-3342-7353


PLOT3D and FAST from NASA Ames
------------------------------
  These packages are distributed from COSMIC at least
  (for FAST ask Pat Elson <pelson@nas.nasa.gov> for
  distribution information). In general, these codes are for US
  citizens only :-(

XGRAPH
------
  On the contrib tape of X11R5. Its specialty is display of up
  to 64 data sets (2D).

NCAR
----
  National Center for Atmospheric Research. One of the original graphics
  packages. Runs on Sun, RS6000, SGI, VAX, Cray Y-MP, DecStations, and more.

  Contact:
	Graphics Information
	NCAR Scientific Computing Division
	P.O. Box 3000
	Boulder, CO   80307-3000
	(303)-497-1201
	scdinfo@ncar.ucar.edu

  Cost:
	.edu
	$750 Unlimited users

	.gov
	$750 1 user
	$1500 5 users
	$3000 25 users

	.com users multiply .gov * 2.0

IDL
---
  An environment for scientific computing and visualization.
  Based on an array oriented language, IDL includes 2D and 3D
  graphics, matrix manupulation, signal and image processing,
  basic statistics, gridding, mapping, and a widget based system
  for building GUI for IDL applications (Open Look, Motif, or
  MS-Windows).

  Environments:  DEC (VMS and Ultrix), HP, IBM RS6000, SGI, Sun,
          Microsoft Windows.  (Mac version in progress)
  Cost:  $1500 to $3750, Educational and quantity discounts
          available.
  See also:   comp.lang.idl-pvwave (the IDL-PVWAVE bundle)
  Contact:    Research Systems Inc.
              777 29th Street, Suite 302
              Boulder, CO  80303
              Phone:  303-786-9900
              FAX:    303-786-9909
              E-mail: info@rsinc.com
  Demo available via FTP.  Call or E-mail for details.

IDL/SIPS
--------
  "A lot of people are using IDL with a package called SIPS. This was
  developed at the University of Colorado (Boulder) by some people working
  for Alex Goetz.  You might try contacting them if you already have IDL
  or would be willing to buy it.  It's a few thousand dollars (American) I
  expect for IDL and the other should be free.  Those are the general
  purpose packages I've heard of, besides what TerraMar has.
  SIPS _was_ written for AVIRIS imagery.  I'm not sure how general purpose
  it is.  You would have to contact Goetz or one of his people and ask.  I
  have another piece of software (PCW) that does PC and Walsh
  transformations with pseudocoloring and clustering and limited image
  modification (you can compute an image using selected components).  I've
  used it on 70 megabyte AVIRIS images without problems, but for the best
  speed you need an external DSP card.  It will work without it, but large
  images take quite a while (50-70 times as long) to process.  That's a
  freebie if you want it"

  "My  favorite is IDL (Interactive Data Language) from Research Systems,
  Inc.  IDL is in my opinion, much better and infinitely easier. Its
  programming language is very strong and easy -- very Pascal-like. It
  handles the number-crunching very well, also. Personally, I like doing
  the number-crunching with IDL on the VAX (or Mathematica, Igor, or even
  Excel on the Mac if it's not too hairy), then bringing it over to NIH
  Image for the imaging part. I have yet to encounter any situation which
  that combination couldn't handle, and the speed and ease of use
  (compared to IRAF) was incredible. By the way, it's mostly astronomical
  image processing which I've been doing. This means image enhancement,
  cleaning up bad lines/pixels, and some other traditional image
  processing routines. Then, for example, taking a graph of intensity
  versus position along a line I choose with the mouse, then doing a curve
  fit to that line (which I might do like in KaleidaGraph.) "

[ For IDL call Research Systems , for PV-WAVE call Precision Visuals and
 for SIPS call University of Colorado @ Boulder . From what I can
 understand, you can get packaged programs from Research Systems, though
 -- nfotis ]

Visual3
-------
  contact Robert Haimes, MIT

FieldView
---------
 An interactive program designed to assist an engineer in
 investigating fluid dynamics data sets.          

 Platforms:  SGI, IBM, HP, SUN, X-terminals

 Availability:  Currently available on all of the above
       platforms.  Educational programs and volume 
       discounts are available.

 Contact:

 Intelligent Light 
 P.O. Box 65
 Fair Lawn, NJ 07410
 (201)794-7550
        
 Steve Kramer (kramer@ilight.com)


SciAn
------
  SciAn is primarily intended to do 3-D visualizations of data in an 
  interactive environment with the ability to generate animations using
  frame-accurate video recording devices.  A user manual, on-line help, and
  technical notes will help you use the program.

  Cost : 0 (Free), source code provided via ftp.
  Platforms : SGI 4D machines and IBM RS/6000 with the GL card + Z-buffer

  Where to find it:
  ftp.scri.fsu.edu [144.174.128.34] : /pub/SciAn
	A mirror is monu1.cc.monash.edu.au [130.194.1.101] : /pub/SciAn

SCRY
----
[ From the README : ]

      Scry is a distributed image handling system  that  pro-
 vides image transport and compression on local and wide area
 networks, image viewing on workstations, recording on  video
 equipment,  and  storage on disk.  The system can be distri-
 buted among workstations, between supercomputers and  works-
 tations,  and between supercomputers, workstations and video
 animation controllers.  The system is most commonly used  to
 produce  video based movie displays of images resulting from
 visualization of time dependent data, complex 3D data  sets,
 and  image  processing  operations.   Both  the  clients and
 servers run on a variety of systems that provide UNIX-like C
 run-time environments, and 4BSD sockets.
 
 The source is available for anonymous ftp:
 
 csam.lbl.gov [128.3.254.6] : pub/scry.tar.Z
 
 Contact:
 
 Bill Johnston, (wejohnston@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!johnston)

       or

 David Robertson (dwrobertson@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!davidr)
 
 Imaging Technologies Group
 MS 50B/2239
 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
 1 Cyclotron Road
 Berkeley, CA  94720


SVLIB / FVS
-----------
  SVLIB is an X-Windows widget set based on the OSF (Open Software 
  Foundation) Motif widget set. SVLIB widgets are macro-widgets 
  comprising lower level Motif widgets such as buttons, scrollbars, 
  menus, and drawing areas. It is designed to address the reusability 
  of 2D visualization routines and each widget in the library is an 
  encapsulation of a specific visualization technique such as colormap 
  manipulation, image display, and contour plotting. It is targetted
  to run on UNIX workstations supporting OSF/Motif. Currently, only 
  color monitors are supported. Since SVLIB is a collection of widgets 
  developed in the same spirit as the OSF/Motif user interface widget 
  set, it integrates seamlessly with the Motif widgets. Programmers 
  using SVLIB widgets see the same interface and design as other 
  Motif widgets.

  FVS is a visualization software for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 
  simulations.  FVS is designed to accept data generated from these
  simulations and apply various visualization techniques to present these
  data graphically. 
  FVS accepts three-dimensional multi-block data recorded in NCSA HDF format.

 iti.gov.sg [192.122.132.130] : /pub/svlib (Scientific Visualization)
      /pu/fvs; These directories contain demo binaries for Sun4/SGI

  Cost : US$200 for academic and US$300 for non-academic institutions.
  (For each of the above items). You're getting the source for the licence.

  Contact
  -------
  Miss Quek Lee Hian
  Member of Technical Staff
  Information Technology Institute
  National Computer Board
  NCB Building
  71, Sicence Park Drive
  Singapore 0511
  Republic of Singapore
  Tel : (65)7720435
  Fax : (65)7795966
  Email : leehian@iti.gov.sg


---------------------------------------------------------
GVLware Distribution:
        Bob  - An interactive volume renderer for the SGI
        Raz  - A disk based movie player for the SGI
        Icol - Motif color editor
---------------------------------------------------------

The Army High Performance Computing Research Center (AHPCRC) has been
developing a set of tools to work with large time dependent 2D and 3D
data sets.  In the Graphics and Visualization Lab (GVL) we are using
these tools along side standard packages, such as SGI Explorer and the
Utah Raster Toolkit, to render 3D volumes and create digital movies.
A couple of the more general purpose programs have been bundled into a
package called "GVLware".

GVLware, currently consisting of Bob, Raz and Icol, is now available
via ftp.  The most interesting program is probably Bob, an interactive
volume renderer for the SGI.  Raz streams raster images from disk to
an SGI screen, enabling movies larger than memory to be played.  Icol
is a color map editor that works with Bob and Raz.  Source and
pre-built binaries for IRIX 4.0.5 are included.

To acquire GVLware, anonymous ftp to:
        machine - ftp.arc.umn.edu
        file    - /pub/gvl.tar.Z

To use GVLware:
        mkdir gvl ; cd gvl
        zcat gvl.tar.Z | tar xvf -
        more README

Some Bob features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Renders 64 cubed data set in 0.1 to 1.0 seconds on a VGX
        Alpha Compositing and Maximum Value rendering, in perspective
            (only Maximum Value rendering on Personal Iris)
        Data must be a "Brick of Bytes", on a regularly spaced grid
        Animation, subvolumes, subsampling, stereo

Some Raz features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Loads files to a raw disk partition, then streams to screen
            (requires an empty disk partition to be set aside)
        Script interface available for movie sequences
        Can stream from memory, like NCSA XImage
        
Some Icol features:
        Motif interface
        Easy to create interpolated color maps between key points
        RGB, HSV and YUV color spaces, multiple file formats
        Communicates changes automatically to Bob and Raz
        Has been tested on SGI, Sun, DEC and Cray systems

BTW:    Bob  == Brick of Bytes
        Icol == Interpolated Color
        Raz  == ? (just a name)

Please send any comments to
        gvlware@ahpcrc.umn.edu

This software collection is supported by the Army Research Office
contract number DAALO3-89-C-0038 with the University of Minnesota Army
High Performance Computing Research Center.


IAP
---
  Imaging Applications Platform is a commercial package for medical and
  scientific visualization. It does volume rendering, binary surface
  rendering, multiplanar reformating, image manipulation, cine sequencing,
  intermixes geometry and text with images and provides measurement and
  coordinate transform abilities.

  It can provide hardcopy on most medical film printers, image database
  functionality and interconnection to most medical (CT/MRI/etc) scanners.

  It is client/server based and provides an object oriented interface. It
  runs on most high performance workstations and takes full advantage of
  parallelism where it is available. It is robust, efficient and
  will be submitted for FDA approval for use in medical applications.

  Cost: $20K for OEM developer, $10K for educational developer
  and run times starting at $8900 and going down based on quantity.

  The developer packages include two days training for two people in Toronto.

  Available from:

  ISG Technologies
  6509 Airport Road
  Mississauga, Ontario,
  Canada, L4V-1S7

  (416) 672-2100
  e-mail: Rod Gilchrist <rod@isgtec.com>

========================================================================

18. Molecular visualization stuff
=================================

[ Based on a list from cristy@dupont.com < Cristy > , which asked for
 systems for displaying Molecular Dynamics, MD for short ]

Flex
----
  It is a public domain package written by Michael Pique, at The Scripps
  Research Institute, La Jolla, CA. Flex is stored as a compressed,
  tar'ed archive (about 3.4MB) at perutz.scripps.edu [137.131.152.27], in
  pub/flex. It displays molecular models and MD trajectories.

MacMolecule
-----------
  (for Macintosh). I searched with Archie, and the most
  promising place is sumex-aim.stanford.edu (info-mac/app, and
  info-mac/art/qt for a demo)

MD-DISPLAY
----------
  Runs on SGI machines. Call Terry Lybrand (lybrand@milton.u.washington.edu).

XtalView
--------
  It is a crystallography package that does visualize molecules and much more.
  It uses the XView toolkit.
  Call Duncan McRee <dem@scripps.edu>

landman@hal.physics.wayne.edu:
-----------------------------
  I am writing my own visualization code right now.  I look at MD output
  (a specific format, easy to alter for the subroutine) on PC's.  My
  program has hooks into GKS.  If your friend has access to Phigs for X
  (PEX) and fortran bindings, I would be happy to share my evolving code
  (free of charge).  Right now it can display supercells of up to 65
  atoms (easy to change), and up to 100 time steps, drawing nearest
  neighbor bonds between 2 defining nn radii.  It works acceptably fast
  on a 10Mhz 286.

icsg0001@caesar.cs.montana.edu:
------------------------------
  I did a project on Molecular Visualization for my Master's Thesis, using
  UNIX/X11/Motif which generates a simple point and space-filling model.

KGNGRAF
-------

KGNGRAF is part of MOTECC-91. Look on malena.crs4.it (156.148.7.12),
in pub/motecc.

motecc.info.txt          Information about MOTECC-91 in plain ascii format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.troff        Information about MOTECC-91 in troff format.
motecc.form.troff        MOTECC-91 order form in troff format.
motecc.license.troff     MOTECC-91 license agreement in troff format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.ps           Information about MOTECC-91 in PostScript format.
motecc.form.ps           MOTECC-91 order form in PostScript format.
motecc.license.ps        MOTECC-91 license agreement in PostScript format.


ditolla@itnsg1.cineca.it:
------------------------
  I'm working on molecular dynamic too.  A friend of mine and I have

  developed a program to display an MD run dynamically on Silicon
  Graphics.  We are working to improve it, but it doesn't work under X,
  we are using the graphi. lib. of the Silicon Gr. because they are much
  faster then X.  When we'll end it we'll post on the news info about
  where to get it with ftp. (Will be free software).

XBall V2.0
----------
  Written by David Nedde. Call daven@maxine.wpi.edu.

XMol
----
  An X Window System program that uses OSF/Motif  for  the
  display and  analysis  of  molecular  model data.  Data from several
  common file formats can be read and written; current formats include:
  Alchemy, CHEMLAB-II, Gaussian, MOLSIM, MOPAC, PDB, and MSCI's XYZ
  format (which has been designed  for  simplicity  in  translating to
  and from other formats). XMol also allows for conversion between
  several of these formats.
  Xmol is available at ftp.msc.edu. Read pub/xmol/README for
  further details.

INSIGHT II
----------
  from BIOSYM Technologies Inc.

SCARECROW
---------
  The program has been published in J. Molecular Graphics 10
  (1992) 33. The program can analyze and display CHARMM, DISCOVER, YASP
  and MUMOD trajectories. The program package contains also software for
  the generation of probe surfaces, proton affinity
  surfaces and molecular orbitals from an extended Huckel program.
  It works on Silicon Graphics machines.
  Contact Leif Laaksonen <Leif.Laaksonen@csc.fi or laaksone@csc.fi>

MULTI
-----
ns.niehs.nih.gov [157.98.8.8] : /pub - MULTI 3.0 (Multi-Process
		Molecular Modeling Suite)

+MindTool
+--------
+  It runs under SunView, and requires a fortran compiler and Sun's CGI
+  libraries. MindTool is a tool  provided  for  the  interactive  graphic
+  manipulation  of  molecules  and  atoms. Currently, up to 10,000
+  atoms may be input.
+  Available via anonymous FTP, at rani.chem.yale.edu, directory
+  /pub/MindTool ( Check with Archie for other  sites if that's too far )

[ I would also suggest looking at least in SGI's Applications Directory.
 It contains many more packages - nfotis ]

===========================================================================

19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)
===================================================

GRASS
-----
  (Geographic Resource Analysis Support System) of the US Army
  Construction Engineering Research Lab (CERL). It is a popular geographic and
  remote sensing image processing package. Many may think of GRASS as a
  Geographic Information System rather than an Image Processing package,
  although it is reported to have significant image processing
  capabilities.

  Feature Descriptions

  I use GRASS  because it's public domain and can be obtained through the
  internet for free.  GRASS runs in Unix and is written in C.  The source
  code can be obtained through an anonymous ftp from the Office of Grass
  Integration.  You then compile the source code for your machine, using
  scripts provided with GRASS.  I would recommend GRASS for someone who
  already has a workstation and is on a limited budget. GRASS is not very
  user-friendly, compared to Macintosh software." A first review  of
  overview documentation indicates that it looks useful and has some pixel
  resampling functions not in other packages plus good general purpose
  image enhancement routines (fft). Kelly Maurice at Vexcel Corp. in
  Boulder, CO is a primary user of GRASS .  This gentleman has used the
  GRASS software and developed multi-spectral (238 bands ??) volumetric
  rendering, full color, on Suns and Stardents. It was a really effective
  interface.  Vexcel Corp. currently has a contract to map part of Venus
  and convert the Magellan radar data into contour maps. You can call them
  at (303) 444-0094 or email care of greg@vexcel.com 192.92.90.68

  Host Configuration Requirements

  If you are willing to run A/UX you could install GRASS   on a Macintosh
  which has significant image analysis and import capabilities for
  satellite data. GRASS  is public-domain, and can run on a high-end PC
  under UNIX. It is raster-based, has some image-processing capability,
  and can display vector data (but analysis must be done in the raster
  environment). I have used GRASS V.3 on a SUN workstation and found it
  easy to use. It is best, of course, for data that are well represented
  in raster (grid-cell) form.

  Availability

  CERL's Office of Grass Integration (OGI)  maintains an ftp server:
  moon.cecer.army.mil (129.229.20.254).

  Mail regarding this site should be addressed to
  grass-ftp-admin@moon.cecer.army.mil.

  This location will be the new "canonical" source for GRASS software, as
  well as bug fixes, contributed sources, documentation, and other files.
  This FTP server also supports dynamic compression and uncompression and
  "tar" archiving of files.  A feature attraction of the server is John
  Parks' GRASS tutorial.  Because the manual is still in beta-test stage,
  John requests that people only acquire it if they are willing to review
  it and mail him comments/corrections. The OGI is not currently
  maintaining this document, so all correspondence about it should be
  directed to grassx@tang.uark.edu

  Support

  Listserv mailing lists:

  grassu-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS users; application-level
  questions, support concerns, miscellaneous questions, etc) Send
  subscribe commands to grassu-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  grassp-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS programmers; system-level
  questions and tips, tricks, and techniques of design and implementation
  of GRASS applications) Send subscribe commands to
  grassp-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  Both lists are maintained by the Office of Grass Integration (subset of
  the Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Lab in
  Champaign, IL). The OGI is providing the lists as a service to the
  community; while OGI and CERL employees will participate in the lists,
  we can make no claim as to content or veracity of messages that pass
  through the list.  If you have questions, problems, or comments, send
  E-mail to lists-owner@amber.cecer.army.mil and a human will respond.

Microstation Imager
-------------------
  Intergraph (based in Huntsville Alabama) sells a wide range of GIS
  software/hardware. Microstation is a base  graphics package that Imager
  sits on top of. Imager is basically an  image processing package with a
  heavy GIS/remote sensing flavor.

  Feature Description

  Basic geometry manipulations: flip, mirror, rotate, generalized affine.
  Rectification: Affine, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th order models as well as a
  projective model (warp an image to a vector map or to another image).
  RGB to IHS and IHS to RGB conversion.  Principal component analysis.
  Classification: K-means and isodata.  Fourier Xforms: Forward, filtering
  and reverse.  Filters: High pass, low pass, edge enhancing, median,
  generic.  Complex Histogram/Contrast control.  Layer Controller: manages
  up to 64 images at a time -- user can extract single bands from a 3 band
  image or create color images by combining various individual bands, etc.

  The package is designed for a remote sensing application (it can handle
  VERY LARGE images) and there is all kinds of other software available
  for GIS applications.
  Host Configuration Requirements

  It runs on Intergraph Workstations (a Unix machine similar to a Sun)
  though there  were rumors (there are always rumors) that the software
  would be  ported to PC and possibly a Sun environment.

PCI
---
  A company called PCI, Inc., out of Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada, makes
  an array of software utilities for processing, manipulation, and use of
  remote sensing data in eight or ten different "industry standard"
  formats: LGSOWG, BSQ, LANDSAT, and a couple of others whose titles I
  forget.  The software is available in versions for MS-DOS, Unix
  workstations (among them HP, Sun, and IBM), and VMS, and quite possibly
  other platforms by now.  I use the VMS version.

  The "PCI software" consists of several classes/groups/packages of
  utilities, grouped by function but all operating on a common "PCI
  database" disk file.  The "Tape I/O" package is a set of utility
  programs which read from the various remote-sensing industry tape
  formats INTO, or write those formats out FROM, the "PCI database" file;
  this is the only package I use or know much about.  Other packages can
  display data from the PCI database to one or another of several
  PCI-supported third-party color displays, output numeric or bitmap
  representation of image data to an attached printer, e.g. an Epson-type
  dot-matrix graphics printer.  You might be more spe- cifically
  interested in the mathematical operations package: histo- gram and
  Fourier analysis, equalization, user-specified operations (e.g.
  "multiply channel 1 by 3, add channel 2, and store as channel 5"), and
  God only knows what all else -- there's a LOT.  I don't have and don't
  use these, so can't say much about them; you only buy the packages your
  particular application/interest calls for.

  Each utility is controlled by from one to eight "parameters," read from
  a common "parameter file" which must be (in VMS anyway) in your "default
  directory."  Some utilities will share parameters and use the same
  parameter for a different purpose, so it can get a bit confusing setting
  up a series of operations.  The standard PCI environment contains a
  scripting language very similar to IBM-PC BASIC, but which allows you to
  automate the process of setting up parameters for a common, complicated,
  lengthy or difficult series of utility executions.  (In VMS I can also
  invoke utilities independently from a DCL command procedure.)  There's
  also an optional programming library which allows you to write compiled
  language programs which can interface with (read from/write to) the PCI
  data structures (database file, parameter file).

  The PCI software is designed specifically for remote-sensing images, but
  requires such a level of operator expertise that, once you reach the
  level where you can handle r-s images, you can figure out ways to handle
  a few other things as well.  For instance, the Tape I/O package offers a
  utility for reading headerless multi-band (what Adobe PhotoShop on the
  Macintosh calls "raw") data from tape, in a number of different
  "interleave" orders. This turns out to be ideal for manipulating the
  graphic-arts industry's "CT2T" format, would probably (I haven't tried)
  handle Targa, and so on. Above all, however, you HAVE TO KNOW WHAT
  YOU'RE DOING or you can screw up to the Nth degree and have to start
  over.  It's worth noting that the PCI "database" file is designed to
  contain not only "raster" (image) data, but vectors (for overlaying map
  information entered via digitizing table), land-use, and all manner of
  other information (I observe that a remote-sensing image tape often
  contains all manner of information about the spectral bands, latitude,
  longitude, time, date, etc. of the original satellite pass; all of this
  can go into the PCI "database").

  I _believe_ that on workstations the built-in display is used.  On VAX
  systems OTHER than workstations PCI supports only a couple of specific
  third-party display systems (the name Gould/Deanza seems to come to
  mind).  One of MY personal workarounds was a display program which would
  display directly from a PCI "database" file to a Peritek VCT-Q (Q-bus
  24-bit DirectColor) display subsystem.  PCI software COULD be "overkill"
  in your case; it seems designed for the very "high end"
  applications/users, i.e. those for whom a Mac/PC largely doesn't suffice
  (although as you know the gap is getting smaller all the time).  It's
  probably no coincidence that PCI is located in Canada, a country which
  does a LOT of its land/resource management via remote sensing; I believe
  the Canadian government uses PCI software for some of its work in these
  areas.

SPAM (Spectral Analysis Manager)
--------------------------------
  Back in 1985 JPL developed something called SPAM (Spectral Analysis
  Manager) which got a fair amount of use at the time.  That was designed
  for Airborne Imaging Spectrometer imagery (byte data, <= 256 pixels
  across by <= 512 lines by <= 256 bands); a modified version has since
  been developed for AVIRIS (Airborne VIsual and InfraRed Imaging
  Spectrometer) which uses much larger images.

  Spam does none of these things (rectification, classification, PC and
  IHS transformations, filtering, contrast enhancement, overlays).
  Actually, it does limited filtering and contrast enhancement
  (stretching).  Spam is aimed at spectral identification and clustering.

  The original Spam uses X or SunView to display.  The AVIRIS version may
  require VICAR, an executive based on TAE, and may also require a frame
  buffer.  I can refer you to people if you're interested.  PCW requires X
  for display.

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II is distributed by John Wiley.

CLRview
-------
  CLRview is a 3-dimensional visualization program designed to exploit
  the real-time capabilities of Silicon Graphics IRIS computers.

  This program is designed to provide a core set of tools to aid in the
  visualization of information from CAD and GIS sources.  It supports
  the integration of many common but disperate data sources such as DXF,
  TIN, DEM, Lattices, and Arc/Info Coverages among others.

  CLRview can be obtained from explorer.dgp.utoronto.ca (128.100.1.129) 
  in the directory pub/sgi/clrview.

  Contact:
  Rodney Hoinkes
  Head of Design Applications
  Centre for Landscape Research
  University of Toronto
  Tel:   (416) 978-7197
  Email: rodney@dgp.utoronto.ca

==========================================================================

End of Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38377
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (17 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 1/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part1
Last-modified: 1993/04/17


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 1/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 17 April 1993

Many FAQs, including this Listing, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing the keyword "help" (without
quotes!) in the message body.

You can see in many other places for this Listing. See the item:

0. Places to find the Resource Listing

for more information.

Items Changed:
--------------

RE-ARRANGED the subjects, in order to fir better in the 63K/article limit.
I PLAN ON CHANGING HEADERS SOON, SO BE CAREFUL! ONLY THE "Resource Listing"
keys are sure to remain in the Subject: line!

0. Places to find the Resource Listing
6.  3D graphics editors
   a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
9. Plotting packages
18. Molecular visualization stuff

[ I'm thinking of making this post bi-weekly. What do you think??? ]

--------------

Lines which got changed, have the `#' character in front of them.
Added lines are prepended with a `+'
Removed lines are just removed. Use 'diff' to locate these changes.

========================================================================

This text is (C)Copyright 1992, 1993 of Nikolaos C. Fotis. You can copy
freely this file, provided you keep this copyright notice intact.

Compiled by Nikolaos (Nick) C. Fotis, e-mail: nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Please contact me for updates,corrections, etc.

Disclaimer: I do not guarantee the accuracy of this document.
Use it at your own risk.

========================================================================

This is mainly a guide for computer graphics software.
I would suggest reading the Comp. Graphics FAQ for image analysis stuff.

It's entitled: 
 (date) comp.graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

 John T. Grieggs <grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov> is the poster of the
 official comp.graphics FAQ

I have included my comments within braces '[' and ']'.

Nikolaos Fotis

========================================================================

Contents of the Resource Listing
================================

PART1:
------
0. Places to find the Resource Listing
1. ARCHIE
2. Notes
3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists.
6.  3D graphics editors
   a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
   b. Commercial systems
7. Scene description languages
8. Solids description formats

PART2:
------

9. Plotting packages
10. Image analysis software - Image processing and display

PART3:
------
11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data.
13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
   a. Ray tracing
   b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
   c. Others
15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
   a. Teapot ?
   b. Space Shuttle ?
16. Image annotation software
17. Scientific visualization stuff
18. Molecular visualization stuff
19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)

Future additions:
[Please send me updates/info!]

========================================================================

0. Places to find the Resource Listing
======================================

#This file is crossposted to comp.graphics, comp.answers and news.answers,
so if you can't locate it in comp.graphics, you're advised to search in
#comp.answers or news.answers
(The latter groups usually are archived in your site. Contact your sysadmin
for more info).

These 3 articles are posted to comp.graphics 3-4 times a month and are kept in
many places (see below)

--

Many FAQs, including this one, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing: help in the Subject: field

--

The inria-graphlib mail server mirrors this posting (see under the
Subject 4: Mail servers )

--

The Resource Listing is accesible through WAIS in the machine
enuxva.eas.asu.edu (port 8000) under the name graphics-resources-list.
It's got a digest-type line before every numbered item for purposes of
indexing.

--

Another place that monitors the Listing is the MaasInfo files.
For more info contact Robert E. Maas <rem@btr.com>

--

Yet another place to search for FAQs in general is the SWITCH
(Swiss Academic and Research Network) system in Switzerland:

interactive:
  telnet nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40], login as "info". Move to the
  info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings directory. Search in the
  00index file by typing "/" and the word to look for.
  You may then just read the FAQ in the "faqs" directory, or decide
  to fetch it by one of the following methods.

ftp:
  login to nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40] as user anonymous and
  enter your internet-style address after being prompted for a
  password.

	cd info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings

mail:
  send e-mail to

RFC-822:
   archive-server@nic.switch.ch
X.400:
  /S=archive-server/OU=nic/O=switch/PRMD=switch/ADMD=arcom/C=ch/

Enter 'help' in the bodypart to receive instructions. No information
is required in the subject header line.


1. ARCHIE
=========

The Archie is a service system to locate FTP places for
requested files. It's appreciated that you will use Archie
before asking help in the newsgroups.

Archie servers:
  archie.au or 139.130.4.6             (Aussie/NZ)
  archie.funet.fi or 128.214.6.100  (Finland/Eur.)
  archie.th-darmstadt.de or 130.83.128.111  (GER.)
  cs.huji.ac.il or 132.65.6.5             (Israel)
  archie.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp or 130.54.20.1 (JAPAN)
  archie.sogang.ac.kr or 163.239.1.11      (Korea)
  archie.ncu.edu.tw or telnet 140.115.19.24  (TWN)
  archie.doc.ic.ac.uk or 146.169.3.7  (UK/Ireland)
  archie.sura.net or 128.167.254.179    (USA [MD])
  archie.unl.edu (password: archie1)    (USA [NE])
  archie.ans.net or 147.225.1.2         (USA [NY])
  archie.rutgers.edu or 128.6.18.15     (USA [NJ])
  archie.nz or 130.195.9.4           (New Zealand)

Connect to Archie server with telnet and type "archie" as username.
To get help type 'help'.
You can get 'xarchie' or 'archie', which are clients that call Archie
without the burden of a telnet session.
'Xarchie' is on the X11.R5 contrib tape, and 'archie' on comp.sources.misc,
vol. 27.

To get information on how to use Archie via e-mail, send mail with
subject "help" to "archie" account at any of above sites.

(Note to Janet/PSS users -- the United Kingdom archie site is
accessible on the Janet host doc.ic.ac.uk [000005102000].
Connect to it and specify "archie" as the host name and "archie" as
the username.)

==========================================================================

2. Notes
========
(Excerpted from the FAQ article)

Please do *not* post or mail messages saying "I can't FTP, could
someone mail this to me?"  There are a number of automated mail servers
that will send you things like this in response to a message.

There are a number of sites that archive the Usenet sources newsgroups
and make them available via an email query system.  You send a message
to an automated server saying something like "send comp.sources.unix/fbm",
and a few hours or days later you get the file in the mail.

==========================================================================

3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
==================================================

Computer graphics related FTP sites (and maintainers), 26/03/93
	compiled by Eric Haines, erich@eye.com
	and Nick Fotis, nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Ray-tracers:
------------

RayShade - a great ray tracer for workstations on up, also for PC, Mac & Amiga.
PoV - son and successor to DKB trace, written by Compuservers.
	(For more questions call Drew Wells --
	73767.1244@compuserve.com or Dave Buck -- david_buck@carleton.ca)
ART - ray tracer with a good range of surface types, part of VORT package.
DKBtrace - another good ray tracer, from all reports; PCs, Mac II,
	Amiga, UNIX, VMS (last two with X11 previewer), etc.
RTrace - Portugese ray tracer, does bicubic patches, CSG, 3D text, etc. etc.
	An MS-DOS version for use with DJGPP DOS extender (GO32) exists also,
	as a Mac port.
VIVID2 - A shareware raytracer for PCs - binary only (286/287).  Author:
	Stephen Coy (coy@ssc-vax.boeing.com).  The 386/387 (no source) version
	is available to registered users (US$50) direct from the author.
RAY4 - Steve Hollasch's 4-dimensional ray tracer - renders hyperspheres,
	hypertetrahedra, hyperplanes, and hyperparallelepipeds (there's
	a separate real-time wireframe viewer written in GL called WIRE4 ) .
MTV,QRT,DBW - yet more ray tracers, some with interesting features.

Distributed/Parallel Raytracers:
--------------------------------

XDART - A distributed ray-tracer that runs under X11. There are server binaries
	which work only on DECstations, SPARCs, HP Snakes (7x0 series) and NeXT.
	The clients are distributed as binaries and C source.
Inetray - A network version of Rayshade 4.0.  Needs Sun RPC 4.0 or newer.
	Contact Andreas Thurnherr (ant@ips.id.ethz.ch)
prt, VM_pRAY - parallel ray tracers.

Volume renderers:
-----------------

VREND - Cornell's Volume Renderer, from Kartch/Devine/Caffey/Warren (FORTRAN).

Radiosity (and diffuse lighting) renderers:
-------------------------------------------

Radiance - a ray tracer w/radiosity effects, by Greg Ward.  Excellent shading
	models and physically based lighting simulation.  Unix/X based, though
	has been ported to the Amiga and the PC (386).
INDIA - An Indian radiosity package based on Radiance.
SGI_RAD - An interactive radiosity package that runs on SGI machines with a
	Spaceball. It includes a house database.
	Author: Guy Moreillon <moreillo@ligsg1.epfl.ch>
RAD - a simple public-domain radiosity package in C. The solution can be run
	stand-alone on any Unix box, but the walk-through requires a SGI 4D.
	Author: Bernard Kwok <g-kwok@cs.yorku.ca>

Renderers which are not raytracers, and graphics libraries:
-----------------------------------------------------------

SIPP - Scan line z-buffer and Phong shading renderer.
	Now uses the shadow buffer algorithm.
Tcl-SIPP - a Tcl command interface to the SIPP rendering
	program. Tcl-SIPP is a set of Tcl commands used to programmed
	SIPP without having to write and compile C code.
	Commands are used to specify surfaces, objects,
	scenes and rendering options.
	It renders either in PPM format or in Utah Raster Toolkit RLE format
	or to the photo widget in the Tk-based X11 applications.

VOGLE - graphics learning environment (device portable).
VOGL - an SGI GL-like library based on VOGLE.
REND386 - A *fast* polygon renderer for Intel 386s and up. Version 2 on up.
	[ It's not photorealistic, but rather a real-time renderer]
XSHARP21 - Dr. Dobb's Journal PC renderer source code, with budget texture
	mapping.

Modellers, wireframe viewers:
-----------------------------

VISION-3D - Mac modeler, can output Radiance & Rayshade files.
IRIT - A CSG solid modeler, with support for freeform surfaces.
X3D - A wireframe viewer for X11.
3DV - 3-D wireframe graphics toolkit, with C source, 3dv objects, other stuff
	Look at major PC archives like wuarchive. One such file is 3DKIT1.ZIP
PV3D - a shareware front end modeler for POVRAY, still in beta test.
  French docs for now, price for registering 250 French Francs. Save disabled.
  Some extra utilities, DXF files for the registered version.

Geometric viewers:
------------------

SALEM - A GL-based package from Dobkin et al. for exploring mathematical
	structures.
GEOMVIEW - A GL-based package for looking and interactively manipulating
3D objects, from Geometry Center at Minnesota.
XYZ GeoBench -(eXperimental geometrY Zurich) is a workbench for geometric
	computation for Macintosh computers.
WIRE4 - GL wireframe previewer for Steve Hollasch's RAY4 (see above)

Data Formats and Data Sets for Ray Tracing:
-------------------------------------------

SPD - a set of procedural databases for testing ray tracers.
NFF - simplistic file format used by SPD.
OFF - another file format.
P3D - a lispy file format.
TDDD - Imagine (3D modeler) format, has converters for RayShade, NFF, OFF, etc.
	Also includes a nice postscript object displayer.  Some GREAT models.
TTDDDLIB - converts to/from TDDD/TTDDD, OFF, NFF, Rayshade 4.0, Imagine,
	and vort 3d objects. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric
	views in Postscript. Registered users get a TeX PK font converter and
	a superquadric surfaces generator.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>
	[Note : TTDDDLIB is also known as T3DLIB]
CHVRTD - Chapel Hill Volume Rendering Test Datasets, includes volume sets for
	two heads, a brain, a knee, electron density maps for RNA and others.

Written Material on Rendering:
------------------------------

RT News - collections of articles on ray tracing.
RT bib - references to articles on ray tracing in "refer" format.
Rad bib - references to articles on radiosity (global illumination).
Speer RT bib - Rick Speer's cross-referenced RT bib, in postscript.
RT abstracts - collection by Tom Wilson of abstracts of many RT articles.
Paper bank project - various technical papers in electronic form.  Contact
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>
Online Bibliography Project :
        The ACM SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project is a database of 
        over 15,000 unique computer graphics and computational geometry
        references in BibTeX format, available to the computer graphics
        community as a research and educational resource.

        The database is located at "siggraph.org".  Users may download 
        the BibTeX files via FTP and peruse them offline, or telnet to
        "siggraph.org" and log in as "biblio" and interactively search
        the database for entries of interest, by keyword.
        For the people without Internet access, there's also an e-mail
        server. Send mail to

        archive-server@siggraph.org

        and in the subject or the body of the message include the message  send
        followed by the topic and subtopic you wish. A good place to start is
        with the command
             send index
        which will give you an up-to-date list of available information.

        Additions/corrections/suggestions may be directed to the admin,
        "bibadmin@siggraph.org".

Image Manipulation Libraries:
-----------------------------

Utah Raster Toolkit - nice image manipulation tools.
PBMPLUS - a great package for image conversion and manipulation.
LIBTIFF - library for reading/writing TIFF images.
ImageMagick - X11 package for display and interactive manipulation
	of images.  Uses its own format (MIFF), and includes some converters.
xv - X-based image display, manipulation, and format converter.
xloadimage, xli - displays various formats on an X11 screen.
Khoros - a huge, excellent system for image processing, with a visual
	programming interface and much much more.  Uses X windows.
FBM - another set of image manipulation tools, somewhat old now.
Img - image manipulation, displays on X11 screen, a bit old now.
xflick - Plays .FLI animation under X11
XAnim - plays any resolution FLI along with GIF's(including GIF89a animation
	extensions), DL's and Amiga IFF animations(3,5,J,l) and IFF
	pictures(including HAM,EHB and color cycling)
SDSC - SDSC Image Tools package (San Diego Supercomputing Center)
	for image manipulation and conversion
CLRpaint - A 24-bit paint program for SGI 24bit workstations and 8bit Indigos.

Libraries with code for graphics:
---------------------------------

Graphics Gems I,II,III - code from the ever so useful books.
spline-patch.tar.Z - spline patch ray intersection routines by Sean Graves
kaleido - Computation and 3D Display of Uniform Polyhedra. Mirrored in
	wuarchive. This package computes (and displays) the metrical
	properties of 75 polyhedra. Author: Dr. Zvi Har'El,
	e-mail: rl@gauss.technion.ac.il

(*) means site is an "official" distributor, so is most up to date.


NORTH AMERICA (please look for things on your own continent first...):
-------------

wuarchive.wustl.edu [128.252.135.4]:  /graphics/graphics - get CONTENTS file
	for a roadmap.  /graphics/graphics/objects/TDDD - *the TTDDD objects
	and converters*, /mirrors/unix-c/graphics - Rayshade ray tracer, MTV
	ray tracer, Vort ray tracer, FBM, PBMPLUS, popi, Utah raster toolkit.
	/mirrors/msdos/graphics - DKB ray tracer, FLI RayTracker demos.
	/pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*, /graphics/graphics/radiosity - Radiance
	and Indian radiosity package.  /msdos/ddjmag/ddj9209.zip - version 21
	of Xsharp, with fast texture mapping.  There's lots more, including
	bibs, Graphics Gems I & II code, OFF, RTN, Radiance, NFF, SIPP, spline
	patch intersection routines, textbook errata, source code from Roy
	Hall's book "Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery", etc
	graphics/graphics/packages/kaleido - *kaleido*
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

princeton.edu [128.112.128.1]:  /pub/Graphics (note capital "G") - *Rayshade
	4.0 ray tracer (and separate 387 executable)*, *color quantization
	code*, *SPD*, *RT News*, *Wilson's RT abstracts*, "RT bib*, *Utah
	Raster Toolkit*, newer FBM, *Graphics Gems I, II & III code*.
	/pub/graphics directory - *SALEM* and other stuff.
	Craig Kolb <cek@princeton.edu>
	[replaces weedeater.math.yale.edu - note the capital "G" in
	pub/Graphics] Because there's a trouble with princeton's incoming
	area, you can upload Rayshade-specific stuff to
	weedeater.math.yale.edu [128.36.23.17]

alfred.ccs.carleton.ca [134.117.1.1]:  /pub/dkbtrace - *DKB ray tracer*,
	/pub/pov-ray/POV-Ray1.0 - *PVRay Compuserve group ray tracer (or PoV)*.
	David Buck <david_buck@carleton.ca>

avalon.chinalake.navy.mil [129.131.31.11]:  3D objects (multiple formats),
	utilities, file format documents.
	This site was created to be a 3D object "repository" for the net.
	Francisco X DeJesus <dejesus@archimedes.chinalake.navy.mil>

omicron.cs.unc.edu [152.2.128.159]:  pub/softlab/CHVRTD - Chapel Hill
	Volume Rendering Test Datasets.

ftp.mv.com [192.80.84.1]: - Official DDJ FTP repository.
	*XSHARP*

peipa.essex.ac.uk [155.245.115.161]: the Pilot European Image Processing
	Archive; in a directory ipa/synth or something like that, there are
	image synthesis packages.
	Adrian Clarke <alien@essex.ac.uk>

barkley.berkeley.edu [128.32.142.237] : tcl/extensions/tsipp3.0b.tar.Z -
	*Tcl-SIPP*
	Mark Diekhans <markd@grizzly.com or markd@NeoSoft.com>

acs.cps.msu.edu [35.8.56.90]: pub/sass - *X window fonts converter into
	Rayshade 3.0 polygons*, Rayshade animation tool(s).
	Ron Sass <sass@cps.msu.edu>

hobbes.lbl.gov [128.3.12.38]: *Radiance* ray trace/radiosity package.
	Greg Ward <gjward@lbl.gov>

geom.umn.edu [128.101.25.31] : pub/geomview - *GEOMVIEW*
	Contact (for GEOMVIEW): software@geom.umn.edu

ftp.arc.umn.edu [137.66.130.11] : pub/gvl.tar.Z - the latest version of Bob,
	Icol and Raz.  Source, a manual, man pages, and binaries for
	IRIX 4.0.5 are included (Bob is a real time volume renderer)
	pub/  contains also many volume datasets.
	Ken Chin-Purcell <ken@ahpcrc.umn.edu>

ftp.kpc.com [144.52.120.9] : /pub/graphics/holl91 - Steve Hollasch's
	Thesis, /pub/graphics/ray4 - *RAY4*, /pub/graphics/wire4 - *WIRE4*.
	/pub/mirror/avalon - mirror of avalon's 3D objects repository.
	Steve Hollasch <hollasch@kpc.com>

swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] : programs/hollasch-4d - RAY4,
	SGI Explorer modules and Postscript manual, etc.

zamenhof.cs.rice.edu [128.42.1.75] : pub/graphics.formats - Various electronic
	documents about many object and image formats.
	Mark Hall <foo@cs.rice.edu>
	will apparently no longer be maintaining it, see ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

rascal.ics.utexas.edu [128.83.144.1]:  /misc/mac/inqueue - VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade and Radiance files.

ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50] :  misc/file.formats/graphics.formats -
	contains various image- and object-format descriptions.  Many SciVi
	tools in various directories, e.g.  SGI/Alpha-shape/Alvis-1.0.tar.Z -
	3D alpha-shape visualizer (SGI machines only),
	SGI/Polyview3.0/polyview.Z - interactive visualization and analysis of
	3D geometrical structures.
	Quincey Koziol <koziol@ncsa.uiuc.edu>

tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1] : /iraf - the IRAF astronomy package

ftp.ipl.rpi.edu [128.113.14.50]:  sigma/erich - SPD images and Haines thesis
	images.  pub/images - various 24 and 8 bit image stills and sequences.
	Kevin Martin <sigma@ipl.rpi.edu>

ftp.psc.edu [128.182.66.148]:  pub/p3d - p3d_2_0.tar P3D lispy scene
	language & renderers.  Joel Welling <welling@seurat.psc.edu>

ftp.ee.lbl.gov [128.3.254.68]: *pbmplus.tar.Z*, RayShade data files.
	Jef Poskanzer <jef@ace.ee.lbl.gov>

george.lbl.gov [128.3.196.93]: pub/ccs-lib/ccs.tar.Z - *CCS (Complex
	Conversion System), a standard software interface for image processing*

hanauma.stanford.edu [36.51.0.16]: /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics - best of
	comp.graphics (very extensive), ray-tracers - DBW, MTV, QRT, and more.
	Joe Dellinger <joe@hanauma.stanford.edu>

ftp.uu.net [192.48.96.2]:  /graphics - *IRIT*, RT News back issues (not
	complete), NURBS models, other graphics related material.
	/graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v?.tar.Z - Independent JPEG Group package for
	reading and writing JPEG files.

freebie.engin.umich.edu [141.212.68.23]:  *Utah Raster Toolkit*,
	Spencer Thomas <thomas@eecs.umich.edu>

export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] : /contrib - pbmplus, Image Magick, xloadimage,
	xli, xv, Img, lots more.  /pub/R5untarred/mit/demos/gpc - NCGA Graphics
	Performance Characterization (GPC) Suite.

life.pawl.rpi.edu [128.113.10.2]: /pub/ray - *Kyriazis stochastic Ray Tracer*.
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

cs.utah.edu [128.110.4.21]: /pub - Utah raster toolkit, *NURBS databases*.
	Jamie Painter <jamie@cs.utah.edu>

gatekeeper.dec.com [16.1.0.2]:  /pub/DEC/off.tar.Z - *OFF models*,
	Also GPC Benchmark files (planned, but not checked).
	Randi Rost <rost@kpc.com>

hubcap.clemson.edu [130.127.8.1]:  /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine - stuff for the
	Amiga Imagine & Turbo Silver ray tracers.  /pub/amiga/TTDDDLIB -
	*TTDDDLIB* /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine/objects - MANY objects.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>

pprg.eece.unm.edu [129.24.24.10]:  /pub/khoros - *Khoros image processing
	package (huge, but great)*.
	Danielle Argiro <danielle@bullwinkle.unm.edu>

expo.lcs.mit.edu [18.30.0.212]:  contrib - *PBMPLUS portable bitmap package*,
	*poskbitmaptars bitmap collection*, *Raveling Img*, xloadimage.  Jef
	Poskanzer <jef@well.sf.ca.us>

venera.isi.edu [128.9.0.32]:  */pub/Img.tar.z and img.tar.z - some image
	manipulation*, /pub/images - RGB separation photos.
	Paul Raveling <raveling@venera.isi.edu>

ucsd.edu [128.54.16.1]:  /graphics - utah rle toolkit, pbmplus, fbm,
	databases, MTV, DBW and other ray tracers, world map, other stuff.
	Not updated much recently.

castlab.engr.wisc.edu [128.104.52.10]:  /pub/x3d.2.2.tar.Z - *X3D*
	/pub/xdart.1.1.* - *XDART*
	Mark Spychalla <spy@castlab.engr.wisc.edu>

sgi.com [192.48.153.1]:  /graphics/tiff - TIFF 6.0 spec & *LIBTIFF* software
	and pics.  Also much SGI- and GL-related stuff (e.g. OpenGL manuals)
	Sam Leffler <sam@sgi.com>
	[supercedes okeeffe.berkeley.edu for the LIBTIFF stuff]

surya.waterloo.edu [129.97.129.72]: /graphics - FBM, ray tracers

ftp.sdsc.edu [132.249.20.22]: /sdscpub - *SDSC*

ftp.brl.mil [128.63.16.158]: /brl-cad - information on how to get the
	BRL CAD package & ray tracer.  /images - various test images.
	A texture library has also begun here.
	Lee A. Butler <butler@BRL.MIL>

cicero.cs.umass.edu [128.119.40.189]:  /texture_temp - 512x512 grayscale
	Brodatz textures,
	from Julien Flack <julien@scs.leeds.ac.uk>.

karazm.math.uh.edu [129.7.7.6]:  pub/Graphics/rtabs.shar.12.90.Z - *Wilson's
	RT abstracts*, VM_pRAY.
	J. Eric Townsend <jet@karazm.math.uh.edu or jet@nas.nasa.gov>

ftp.pitt.edu [130.49.253.1]:  /users/qralston/images - 24 bit image archive
	(small).  James Ralston Crawford <qralston@gl.pitt.edu>

ftp.tc.cornell.edu [128.84.201.1]: /pub/vis - *VREND*

sunee.waterloo.edu [129.97.50.50]: /pub/raytracers - vivid, *REND386*
	[or sunee.uwaterloo.ca]

archive.umich.edu [141.211.164.153]: /msdos/graphics - PC graphics stuff.
	/msdos/graphics/raytrace - VIVID2.

apple.apple.com [130.43.2.2?]:  /pub/ArchiveVol2/prt.

research.att.com [192.20.225.2]: /netlib/graphics - *SPD package*, ~/polyhedra -
	*polyhedra databases*.  (If you don't have FTP, use the netlib
	automatic mail replier:  UUCP - research!netlib, Internet -
	netlib@ornl.gov.  Send one line message "send index" for more info,
	"send haines from graphics" to get the SPD)

siggraph.org [128.248.245.250]: SIGGRAPH archive site.
	publications - *Online Bibliography Project*, Conference proceedings
	in various electronic formats (papers, panels), SIGGRAPH Video Review
	information and order forms.
	Other stuff in various directories.
	Automatic mailer is archive-server@siggraph.org ("send index").

ftp.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159]: pub/reaction_diffusion - Greg Turk's work on
	reaction-diffusion textures, X windows code (SIGGRAPH '91)

avs.ncsc.org [128.109.178.23]:  ~ftp/VolVis92 - Volume datasets from the
	Boston Workshop on Volume Visualization '92.  This site is also the
	International AVS Center.
	Terry Myerson <tvv@ncsc.org>

uvacs.cs.virginia.edu [128.143.8.100]:  pub/suit/demo/{sparc,dec,etc} - SUIT
	(Simple User Interface Toolkit).  "finger suit@uvacs.cs.virginia.edu"
	to get detailed instructions.

nexus.yorku.ca [130.63.9.66]: /pub/reports/Radiosity_code.tar.Z - *RAD*
	/pub/reports/Radiosity_thesis.ps.Z - *RAD MSc. Thesis*
	[This site will be changed to ftp.yorku.ca in the near future]

milton.u.washington.edu [128.95.136.1] - ~ftp/public/veos - VEOS Virtual
	Reality and distributed applications prototyping environment
	for Unix. Veos Software Support : veos-support@hitl.washington.edu
        oldpublic/fly - FLY! 3D Visualization Software demo.
        That package is built for "fly-throughs" from various datasets in
        near real-time. There are binaries for many platforms.
	Also, much other Virtual Reality stuff.

zug.csmil.umich.edu [141.211.184.2]: X-Xpecs 3D files (an LCD glass shutter
	for Amiga computers - great for VR stuff!)

sugrfx.acs.syr.edu [128.230.24.1]: Various stereo-pair images.
[ Has closed down :-( ]

sunsite.unc.edu [152.2.22.81]: /pub/academic/computer-science/virtual-reality -
	Final copy of the sugrfx.acs.syr.edu archive that ceased to exist.
	It contains Powerglove code, VR papers, 3D images and IRC research
	material.
	Jonathan Magid <jem@sunSITE.unc.edu>

archive.cis.ohio-state.edu [128.146.8.52]: pub/siggraph92 - Code for
	Siggraph '92 Course 23 (Procedural Modeling and Rendering Techniques)
	Dr. David S. Ebert <ebert@cis.ohio-state.edu>

lyapunov.ucsd.edu [132.239.86.10]: This machine is considered the
	repository for preprints and programs for nonlinear dynamics,
	signal processing, and related subjects  (and fractals, of course!)
	Matt Kennel <mbk@inls1.ucsd.edu>

cod.nosc.mil [128.49.16.5]: /pub/grid.{ps,tex,ascii} - a short survey of
	methods to interpolate and contour bivariate data

ics.uci.edu [128.195.1.1]: /honig --- Various stereo-pair images,
	movie.c - animates a movie on an X display (8-bit and mono) with
	digital subtraction.

taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil [131.120.1.13]: pub/dabro/cyberware_demo.tar.Z - Human
	head data

pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217]:  pub/texture_maps - Hans du Buf's grayscale
	test textures (aerial swatches, Brodatz textures, synthetic swatches).
	Space & planetary image repository.  Provides access to >150 CD-ROMS
	with data/images (3 on-line at a time).
        pub/info/beginner-info - here you should start browsing.
        Colby Kraybill <opus@pioneer.unm.edu>.

cs.brown.edu [128.148.33.66] : *SRGP/SPHIGS* . For more info on SRGP/SPHIGS:
         mail -s 'software-distribution' graphtext@cs.brown.edu

pdb.pdb.bnl.gov [130.199.144.1] has data about various organic molecules,
       bonds between the different atoms, etc.
       Atomic coordinates (and a load of other stuff) are contained in the
       "*.ent" files, but the actual atomic dimemsions seem to be missing.
       You could convert these data to PoV, rayshade, etc.

biome.bio.ns.ca [142.2.20.2] : /pub/art - some Renoir paintings,
        Escher's pictures, etc.

ic16.ee.umanitoba.ca [] : /specmark - sample set of images from the
        `Images from the Edge' CD-ROM (images of atomic landscapes, advanced
        semiconductors, superconductors and experimental surface
        chemistry among others). Contact ruskin@ee.umanitoba.ca

explorer.dgp.toronto.edu [128.100.1.129] : pub/sgi/clrpaint - *CLRpaint*
        pub/sgi/clrview.* - CLRview, a tool that aids in visualization
        of GIS datasets in may formats like DXF, DEM, Arc/Info, etc.

ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM - images from Magellan
        and Viking missions etc. Get pub/SPACE/Index first.
        pub/SPACELINK has most of the SpaceLink service data (see below)
        e-mail server available: send mail to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov
        (or ames!archive-server) with subject:"help"
        or "send SPACE Index" (without the quotes!)
        Peter Yee <yee@ames.arc.nasa.gov>

pubinfo.jpl.nasa.gov [128.149.6.2]: images, other data, etc. from JPL
        missions. Modem access at (818)-354-1333 (no parity, 8 data bits, 1
        stop bit).
        newsdesk@jplpost.jpl.nasa.gov or phone (818)-354-7170

spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov [128.158.13.250] (passwd:guest) : space graphics
        and GIF images from NASA's planetary probes and the Hubble Telescope.
        Main function is support for teachers (you can telnet also to this
        site). Dial up access: (205)-895-0028 (300/1200/2400/9600(V.32) baud,
        8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit).

stsci.edu [130.167.1.2] : Hubble Space Telescope stuff (images and other
        data). Read the README first!
        Pete Reppert <reppert@stsci.edu> or Chris O'Dea <odea@stsci.edu>

pit-manager.mit.edu [18.172.1.27]:  /pub/usenet/news.answers - the land of
	FAQs.  graphics and pictures directories of particular interest.
	[Also available from mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu by sending a mail
	message containing: help]

UUCP archive: avatar - RT News back issues.  For details, write Kory Hamzeh
	<kory@avatar.avatar.com>


EUROPE:
-------

nic.funet.fi [128.214.6.100]:  *pub/sci/papers - *Paper bank project,
	including Pete Shirley's entire thesis (with pics)*, *Wilson's RT
	abstracts*, pub/misc/CIA_WorldMap - CIA world data bank,
	comp.graphics.research archive, *India*, and much, much more.
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>

dasun2.epfl.ch [128.178.62.2]:  Radiance. Good for European sites, but
	doesn't carry the add-ons that are available for Radiance.

isy.liu.se [130.236.1.3]:  pub/sipp/sipp-3.0.tar.Z - *SIPP* scan line z-buffer
	and Phong shading renderer.  Jonas Yngvesson <jonas-y@isy.liu.se>

irisa.fr [131.254.2.3]:  */iPSC2/VM_pRAY ray tracer*, SPD, /NFF - many non-SPD
	NFF format scenes, RayShade data files.  Didier Badouel
	<badouel@irisa.irisa.fr> [may have disappeared]

phoenix.oulu.fi [130.231.240.17]:  *FLI RayTracker animation files (PC VGA) -
	also big .FLIs (640*480)* *RayScene demos* [Americans:  check wuarchive
	first].  More animations to come.  Jari Kahkonen
	<hole@phoenix.oulu.fi>

jyu.fi [128.214.7.5]: /pub/graphics/ray-traces - many ray tracers, including
	VM_pRAY, DBW, DKB, MTV, QRT, RayShade, some RT News, NFF files.  Jari
	Toivanen <toivanen@jyu.fi>

garbo.uwasa.fi [128.214.87.1]:  Much PC stuff, etc., /pc/source/contour.f -
	FORTRAN program to contour scattered data using linear triangle-based
	interpolation

asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17]:  pub/RTrace - *RTrace* nffutils.tar.Z (NFF
	utilities for RTrace), medical data (CAT, etc.)  converters to NFF,
	Autocad to NFF Autolisp code, AUTOCAD 11 to SCN (RTrace's language)
	converter and other goodies.  Antonio Costa (acc@asterix.inescn.pt)

vega.hut.fi [128.214.3.82]: /graphics - RTN archive, ray tracers (MTV, QRT,
	others), NFF, some models.
[ It was shut down months ago , check under nic.funet.fi -- nfotis ]

sun4nl.nluug.nl [192.16.202.2]: /pub/graphics/raytrace - DBW.microray, MTV, etc

unix.hensa.ac.uk [] : misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z - CGM viewer and
        converter.
        There's an e-mail server also - mail to archive@unix.hensa.ac.uk
        with the message body "send misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z"

maeglin.mt.luth.se [130.240.0.25]:  graphics/raytracing - prt, others, ~/Doc -
	*Wilson's RT abstracts*, Vivid.

ftp.fu-berlin.de [130.20.225.2]:  /pub/unix/graphics/rayshade4.0/inputs -
	aq.tar.Z is RayShade aquarium [Americans:  check princeton.edu first).
	Heiko Schlichting <heiko@math.fu-berlin.de>

maggia.ethz.ch [129.132.17.1]: pub/inetray - *Inetray* and Sun RPC 4.0 code
	Andreas Thurnherr <ant@ips.id.ethz.ch>

osgiliath.id.dth.dk [129.142.65.24]:  /pub/amiga/graphics/Radiance - *Amiga
	port of Radiance 2.0*.  Per Bojsen <bojsen@ithil.id.dth.dk>

ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.1.9] : *PoV raytracer*
        Mirrored in wuarchive, has many goods for PoV.
	pub/dkbtrace/incoming/polyray - Polyray raytracer
        pub/dkbtrace/incoming/pv3d* - *PV3D*

ftp.uni-kl.de [131.246.9.95]: /pub/amiga/raytracing/imagine - mirror of
	the hubcap Imagine files.

neptune.inf.ethz.ch [129.132.101.33]: XYZ - *XYZ GeoBench*
	Peter Schorn <schorn@inf.ethz.ch>

iamsun.unibe.ch [130.92.64.10]: /Graphics/graphtal* - a L-system interpreter.
	Christoph Streit <streit@iam.unibe.ch>

amiga.physik.unizh.ch [130.60.80.80]: /amiga/gfx - Graphics stuff
	for the Amiga computer.

stesis.hq.eso.org [134.171.8.100]: on-line access to a huge astronomical
        database. (login:starcat;no passwd)
        DECnet:STESIS (It's the Space Telescope European Coordination Facility)
        Benoit Pirenne <bpirenne@eso.org>, phone +49 89 320 06 433


MIDDLE EAST
-----------

gauss.technion.ac.il [132.68.112.60]: *kaleida*


AUSTRALIA:
----------

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au [128.250.70.62]: pub - *VORT(ART) ray tracer*, *VOGLE*,
	Wilson's ray tracing abstracts, /pub/contrib/artscenes (ART scenes from
	Italy), pub/images/haines - Haines thesis images, Graphics Gems code,
	SPD, NFF & OFF databases, NFF and OFF previewers, plus some 8- and
	24bit images and lots of other stuff.  pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*
	Bernie Kirby <bernie@ecr.mu.oz.au>

munnari.oz.au [128.250.1.21]:  pub/graphics/vort.tar.Z - *VORT (ART) 2.1 CSG and
	algebraic surface ray tracer*, *VOGLE*, /pub - DBW, pbmplus.  /graphics
	- room.tar.Z (ART scenes from Italy).
	David Hook <dgh@munnari.oz.au>

marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au [134.7.1.1]: pub/graphics/bibliography/Facial_Animation,
	pub/graphics/bibliography/Morph, pub/graphics/bibliography/UI -
	stuff about Facial animation, Morphing and User Interfaces.
	pub/fascia - Fred Parke's fascia program.
	Valerie Hall <val@lillee.cs.curtin.edu.au>


OCEANIA - ASIA:
---------------

ccu1.aukland.ac.nz [130.216.1.5]:  ftp/mac/architec - *VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade files*.  Many other neat things
	for Macs.  Paul Bourke <pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz>

scslwide.sony.co.jp [133.138.199.1]:  ftp2/SGI/Facial-Animation - Steve Franks
	site for facial animation.
 	Steve Franks <stevef@csl.sony.co.jp OR stevef@cs.umr.edu>


4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
===========================================

Please check first with the FTP places above, with archie's help.
Don't overuse mail servers.

There are some troubles with wrong return addresses. Many of these
mail servers have a command like
   path a_valid_return_e-mail_address
to get a hint for sending back to you stuff.

DEC's FTPMAIL
-------------
  Send a one-line message to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com WITHOUT a Subject: field,
  and having a line containing the word 'help'.
  You should get back a message detailing the relevant procedures you
  must follow in order to get the files you want.

  Note that the "reply" or "answer" command in your mailer will not work
  for this message or any other mail you receive from FTPMAIL.  To send
  requests to FTPMAIL, send an original mail message, not a reply.
  Complaints should be sent to the ftpmail-request@uucp-gw-2.pa.dec.com
  address rather than to postmaster, since DECWRL's postmaster is not
  responsible for fixing ftpmail problems.

BITFTP
------
  For BITNET sites ONLY, there's BITFTP@PUCC.
  Send a one-line 'help' message to this address for more info.

Lightwave 3D mail based file-server
-----------------------------------
  A mail based file server for 3D objects, 24bit JPEG images, GIF images
  and image maps is now online for all those with Internet mail access.
  The server is the official archive site for the Lightwave 3D mail-list
  and contains many PD and Shareware graphics utilities for
  several computer platforms including Amiga, Atari, IBM and Macintosh.

  The server resides on a BBS called "The Graphics BBS".  The BBS is
  operational 24 hours a day 7 days a week at the phone number of +1
  908/469-0049.  It has upgraded its modem to a Hayes Ultra 144
  V.32bis/V.42bis, which has speeds from 300bps up to 38,400bps.

  If you would like to submit objects, scenes or images to the server,
  please pack, uuencode and then mail the files to the address:
  server@bobsbox.rent.com.

  For information on obtaining files from the server send a mail message
  to the address file-server@graphics.rent.com with the following in
  the body of the message:
    HELP
    /DIR
  And a help file describing how to use the server and a complete
  directory listing will be sent to you via mail.

[ Now it includes the Cyberware head and shouders in TTDDD format! Check it
 out, only if you can't use FTP! -- nfotis ]

INRIA-GRAPHLIB
--------------
  Pierre Jancene and Sabine Coquillart launched the inria-graphlib mail
  server a few months ago.

    echo help | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will give you a quick summary of what inria-graphlib contains and 
  how to browse among its files.

    echo send contents | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the extended summary.

  As an other example :

    echo send cgrl from Misc | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the Computer Graphics Resource Listing mirrored from
  comp.graphics.

BBSes
-----
  There are many BBSes that store datafiles, etc.etc., but a guide to these
  is beyond the scope of this Listing (and the resources of the author!)
  If you can point to me Internet- or mail- accessible BBSes that carry
  interesting stuff, send me info!


  Studio Amiga is a 3D modelling and ray tracing specific BBS, (817) 467-3658.
  24 hours, 105 Meg online.
--
From Jeff Walkup <pwappy@well.sf.ca.us>:
  "The Castle" 415/355-2396 (14.4K/v.32bis/v.42/v.42bis/MNP)
  (In Pacifica, dang close to San Francisco, California, USA)
  The new-user password is: "TAO".
  
  [J]oin base #2; The Castle G/FX, Anim, Video, 3D S.I.G., of which
  I am the SIG-Op, "Lazerus".
--
  Bob Lindabury operates a BBS (see above the entry for "The Graphics BBS")
--
'You Can Call Me Ray' ray tracing related BBS in Chicago suburbs (708-358-5611)
 or (708-358-8721)
--
  Digital Pixel (Sysop: Mark Ng <mcng@descartes.waterloo.edu>) is based at
  Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
 
  Phone : (416) 298 1487
  Storage space: 330 megs
  Modem type:  14.4k baud,16.8k (Zyxel) , v32bis ,v32, mnp 5

  Access Fee: none.. (free)
  System supported : DOS, OS/2, Amiga, Mac.  
  Netmail:     Currently no echo mail.
  Topics:      Raytracing, Fractals, Graphics programming, CAD, Any Comp.
               Graphics related  

--
From: David Tiberio <dtiberio@ic.sunysb.edu>

  Amiga Graphics BBS (516) 473-6351 in Long Island, New York,
  running 24 hours at 14.4k v.32bis, with 157 megs on line.
  We also subscribe to 9 mailing lists, of which 5 originate
  from our BBS, with 3 more to be added soon. These include:

  Lightwave, Imagine, Real 3D (ray tracing)

  Database files include:
  Imagine 3D objects, 3D renderings, scalable fonts, music
  modules, sound samples, demos, animations, utilities,
  text databases, and pending Lightwave 3D objects.
--
The Graphics Alternative

 The Graphics Alternative is in El Cerrito, CA., running 24 hours a
 day at 14.4k HST/v.32bis, with 642MB online and a 1300+ user base.
 TGA runs two nodes, node 1 (510) 524-2780 is for public access and
 includes a free 90 day trial subscription.  TGA is the West Coast
 Host for PCGnet, The Profesional CAD and Graphics Network, supporting
 nodes across the Continental U.S., Alaska, New Zealand, Australia,
 France and the UK.
 
 TGA's file database includes MS-DOS executables for POV, Vivid,
 RTrace, Rayshade, Polyray, and others.  TGA also has numerous
 graphics utilities, viewers, and conversion utilities.  Registered
 Vivid users can also download the latest Vivid aeta code from a
 special Vivid conference.

--
From: Scott Bethke <sbathkey@access.digex.com>

The Intersection BBS, 410-250-7149.

  This BBS Is dedicated to supporting 3D Animators.The system is provided
  FREE OF CHARGE, and is NOT Commercialized in ANYWAY.
  Users are given FULL Access on the first call.

Features: Usenet NEWS & Internet Mail, Fidonet Echo's & Netmail,
	200 Megs online, V.32bis/V.42bis Modem.

Platforms of interest: Amiga & The VideoToaster, Macintosh, Ms-Dos,
	Unix Workstations (Sun, SGI, etc), Atari-ST.
--
From: Alfonso Hermida <afanh@robots.gsfc.nasa.gov>:

 Pi Square BBS (301)725-9080 in Maryland. It supports raytracers such as POV
 and VIVID. The BBS runs off a 486/33Mhz, 100Megs hard drive and CD ROM.
 Now it runs on 1200-2400bps (this will change soon)

 Topics: graphics programming, animation,raytracing,programming (general)
--
From: Lynn Falkow <ROXXIE@delphi.com>:

  Vertech Design's GRAPHIC CONNECTION. (503) 591-8412 in Portland, Oregon.
  V.32/V.42bis.

  The BBS, aside from carrying typical BBS services like message bases
  ( all topic specific ) and files ( CAD and graphics related -- hundreds
  of megabytes ), also offers material texture files that are full color,
  seamlessly tiling, photo-realistic images.  There are samples available
  to first time callers.  The BBS is a subscription system although callers
  have 2 hours before they must subscribe, and there are several subscription
  rates available.   People interested in materials can subscribe to the
  library in addition to a basic subscription rate, and can use their
  purchased time to download whichever materials they wish.

==========================================================================

5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists
=============================================

Imagine
-------
  Modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  send subscription requests to Imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com
  send material to Imagine@email.sp.paramax.com
  (Dave Wickard has substituted Steve Worley in the maintenance of
  the mailing list) - PLEASE note that the unisys.com address is
  NO longer valid!!!

Lightwave
---------
  (for the Amiga. It's part of Newtek's Video Toaster):
  send subscription requests to lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com
  send material to lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com
  (Bob Lindabury)

Toaster
-------
  send subscription requests to listserv@karazm.math.uh.edu with a *body* of:
     subscribe toaster-list

Real 3D
-------
  Another modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe real3d-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@gu.uwa.edu.au

Rayshade
--------
  send subscription requests to rayshade-request@cs.princeton.edu
  send material to rayshade-users@cs.princeton.edu
  (Craig Kolb)

Alladin 4D for the Amiga
----------
  send subscription requests to subscribe@xamiga.linet.org

  and in the body of the message write

  #Alladin 4D username@domain

Radiance
--------
  Greg Ward, the author, sends to registered (via e-mail) users digests of
  his correspodence with them, notes about fixes, updates, etc.
  His address is: gjward@lbl.gov

REND386
-------
  send subscription requests to rend386-request@sunee.waterloo.edu
  send material to rend386@sunee.waterloo.edu

PoV ray / DKB raytracers
------------------------
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe dkb-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@trearn.bitnet

  send material to dkb-l@trearn.bitnet

Mailing List for Massively Parallel Rendering
---------------------------------------------
  send subscription requests to mp-render-request@icase.edu
  send material to mp-render@icase.edu

==========================================================================

6. 3D graphics editors
======================

a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
============================================

VISION-3D
---------
  Mac-based program written by Paul D. Bourke (pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz).
  The program can be used to generate models directly in the RayShade
  and Radiance file formats (polygons only).
  It's shareware and listed on the FTP list.

BRL
---
  A solid modeling system for most environments -- including SGI and X11.
  It has CSG and NURBS, plus support for Non-Manifold Geometry
  [Whatever it is].

  You can get it *free* via FTP by signing and returning the relevant license,
  found on ftp.brl.mil. Uses ray-tracing for engineering analyses.

  Contact:

  Ms. Carla Moyer
  (410)-273-7794 tel.
  (410)-272-6763 FAX
  cad-dist@brl.mil E-mail

  Snail mail:

  BRL-CAD Distribution
  SURVIAC Aberdeen Satellite Office 1003
  Old Philadelphia Road,
  Suite 103 Aberdeen
  MD  21001  USA

IRIT
----
  A constructive solid geometry (CSG) modeling program for PC and X11.
  Includes freeform surface support. Free - see FTP list for where to
  find it.

SurfModel
---------
  A solid modeling program for PC written in Turbo Pascal 6.0 by
  Ken Van Camp. Available from SIMTEL, pd1:<msdos.srfmodl> directory.

NOODLES
-------
   From CMU, namely Fritz Printz and Levent Gursoz (elg@styx.edrc.cmu.edu).
   It's based on Non Manifold Topology.
   Ask them for more info, I don't know if they give it away.

XYZ2
----
  XYZ2 is an interactive 3-D editor/builder written by Dale P. Stocker to
  create objects for the SurfaceModel, Automove, and DKB raytracer packages.
  XYZ2 is free and can be found, for example, in SIMTEL20 as
  <MSDOS.SURFMODL>XYZ21.ZIP (DOS only??)

3DMOD
-----
  It's an MSDOS program. Check at barnacle.erc.clarkson.edu [128.153.28.12],
  /pub/msdos/graphics/3dmod.* . Undocumented file format :-(
  3DMOD is (C) 1991 by Micah Silverman, 25 Pierrepoint Ave., Postdam,
  New York 13676, tel. 315-265-7140

NORTHCAD
--------
  Shareware, <MSDOS.CAD>NCAD3D42.ZIP in SIMTEL20. Undocumented file format :-(

Vertex
------
  (Amiga)
  Shareware, send $40 US (check or money order) to:

  The Art Machine, 4189 Nickolas
  Sterling Heights, MI  48310
  USA

  In addition to the now standard file formats, including Lightwave,
  Imagine, Sculpt, Turbo Silver, GEO and Wavefront, this release offers
  3D Professional and RayShade support. (Rayshade is supported only by
  the primitive "triangle", but you can easily include this output in
  your RayShade scripts)

  The latest demo, version 1.62, is available on Fred Fish #727.

  For more information, contact the author, Alex Deburie, at:

  ad99s461@sycom.mi.org, Phone: (313) 939-2513
  

ICoons
------
  (Amiga)
  It's a spline based object modeller ("ICoons" = Interactive 
  COONS path editor) in amiga.physik.unizh.ch (gfx/3d/ICoons1.0.lzh).
  It's free (under the GNU Licence) and requires FPU.

  The program has a look&feel which is a cross between Journeyman and
  Imagine, and it generates objects in TTDDD format.

  It is possible to load Journeyman objects into ICoons, so the program
  can be used to convert JMan objects to Imagine format.

  Author: Helge E. Rasmussen <her@compel.dk>
  PHONE + 45 36 72 33 00, FAX   + 45 36 72 43 00

[ It's also on Fred Fish disk series n.775 - nfotis ]


ProtoCAD 3D
-----------
 Ver 1.1 from Trius (shareware?)

 It's at wsmr-simtel20.army.mil and oak.oakland.edu as PCAD3D.ZIP (for PCs)

 It has this menu layout:

         FILE       File handling (Load, Save, Import, Xport...)
         DRAW       Draw 2D objects (Line, Circle, Box...)
         3D         Draw 3D objects (Mesh, Sphere, Block...)
         EDIT       Editing features (Copy, Move ...)
         SURFACE    Modify objects (Revolve, Xtrude, Sweep...)
         IMAGE      Image zooming features (Update, Window, Half...)
         OPTION     Global defaults (Grid, Toggles, Axis...)
         PLOT       Print drawing/picture (Go, Image...)
         RENDER     Shade objects (Frame, Lighting, Tune...)
         LAYER      Layer options (Select active layer, set Colors...)

+Sculptura
+---------
+  Runs under Windows 3.1, and outputs PoV files. A demo can be found
+  on wuarchive.wustl.edu in mirrors/win3/demo/demo3d.zip
+
+  Author: Michael Gibson <gibsonm@stein.u.washington.edu>


b. Commercial systems
=====================

Alpha_1
-------
  A spline-based modeling program written in University of Utah.
  Features: splines up to trimmed NURBS; support for boolean operations;
    sweeps, bending, warping, flattening etc.; groups of objects, and
    transformations; extensible object types.
  Applications include: NC machining, Animation utilities,
    Dimensioning, FEM analysis, etc.
  Rendering subsystem, with support for animations.
  Support the following platforms: HP 300 and 800's (X11R4, HP-UX 6.5),
    SGI 4D or PI machines (X11R4 and GL, IRIX 3.3.1), Sun SparcStation
    (X11R4, SunOS 4.1.1).
 
  Licensing and distribution is handled by EGS:
    Glenn McMinn, President
    Engineering Geometry Systems
    275 East South Temple, Suite 305
    Salt Lake City, UT  84111
    (801) 575-6021
    mcminn@cs.utah.edu

 [ Educational pricing ]
  The charge is $675 per platform.  You may run the system on as many
  different workstations of that type as you wish.  For each platform
  there is also a $250 licensing fee for Portable Standard Lisp (PSL)
  which is bundled with the system.  You need to obtain an additional
  license from the University of Utah for PSL from the following address:
    Professor Robert Kessler
    Computer Science Department
    University of Utah
    Salt Lake City, Utah 84112

  [ EGS can handle the licensing of PSL for U.S. institutions for a
    300 $USD nominal fee -- nfotis ]

VERTIGO
-------

  They have an Educational Institution Program. The package is used in
  the industrial design, architectural, scientific visualization,
  educational, broadcast, imaging and post production fields.

  They'll [quoting from a letter sent to me -- nfotis ] "donate fully
  configured Vertigo 3D Graphics Software worth over $29,000USD per
  package to qualified educational institutions for licencing on any
  number of Silicon Graphics Personal IRIS or POWER Series Workstations.
  If you use an IRIS Indigo station, we will also licence our Vertigo
  Revolution Software (worth $12,000USD).

  If you are interested in participating in this program please send a
  letter by mail or fax (604/684-2108) on your institution's letterhead
  briefly outlining your potential uses for Vertigo together with the
  following information: 1. UNIX version 2. Model and number of SGI
  systems 3. Peripheral devices 4. Third Party Software.

  Participants will be asked to contribute $750USD per institution to cover
  costs of the manual, administration, and shipping.

  We recommend that Vertigo users subscribe to our technical support
  services. For an annual fee you will receive: technical assistance
  on our support hotline, bug fixes, software upgrades and manual updates.
  For educational institution we will waive the $750 administration fee
  if support is purchased.

  The annual support fee is $2,500 plus the following cost for additional
  machines:

  Number of machines:		2-20		20+
  Additional cost per machine:	$700		$600 "

[ There's also a 5-day training program - nfotis]

Contact:
  Vertigo Technology INC
  Suite 1010
  1030 West Georgia St.
  VANCOUVER, BC
  CANADA, V6E 2Y3

  Phone: 604/684-2113
  Fax:   604/684-2108

[ Does anyone know of such offers from TDI, Alias, Softimage, Wavefront,
  etc.??? this would be a VERY interesting part!!  -- nfotis ]

PADL-2
------
[ Basically, it's a Solid Modeling Kernel in top of which you build your
  application(s)]

  Available by license from
    Cornell Programmable Automation
    Cornell University
    106 Engineering and Theory Center
    Ithaca, NY 14853

  License fees are very low for educational institutions and gov't agencies.
  Internal commercial licenses and re-dissemination licenses are available.
  For an information packet, write to the above address, or send your
  address to:   marisa@cpa.tn.cornell.edu (Richard Marisa)

ACIS
----
  From Spatial Technology. It's a Solid Modelling kernel callable from C.
  Heard that many universities got free copies from the company.
  The person to contact regarding ACIS in academic institutions is

    Scott Owens, e-mail: sdo@spatial.com

  And their address is:

  Spatial Technology, Inc.
  2425 55th St., Bldg. A
  Boulder, CO 80301-5704
  Phone: (303) 449-0649, Fax: (303) 449-0926

MOVIE-BYU / CQUEL.BYU
---------------------
  Basically [in my understanding], this is a FEM pre- and post-proccessor
  system. It's fairly old today, but it still serves some people in
  Mech. Eng. Depts.
  Now it's superseded from CQUEL.BYU (pronounced "sequel"). That's a
  complete modelling, animation and visualization package. Runs in the usual
  workstation environments (SUN, DEC, HP, SGI, IBM RS6000, and others)
  You can get a demo version (30-days trial period) either by sending $20
  USD in their address or a blank tape. It costs 1,500 for a full run-time
  licence.

  Contact:

  Engineering Computer Graphics Lab
  368 Clyde Building, Brigham Young Univ.
  Provo, UT 84602
  Phone: 801-378-2812
  E-mail: cquel@byu.edu


twixt
-----
  Soon to add stuff about it... If I get a reply to my FAX

VOXBLAST
--------
  It's a volume renderer marketed by:
  Vaytek Inc. (Fairfield, Iowa phone: 515-472-2227) , running on PCs
  with 386+FPU at least.  Call Vaytek for more info.

VoxelBox
--------
  A 3D Volume renderer for Windows. Features include direct
  ray-traced volume rendering, color and alpha mapping,
  gradient lighting, animation, reflections and shadows.

  Runs on a PC(386 or higher) with at least an 8 bit video card(SVGA is fine)
  under Windows 3.x. It costs $495.

  Contact:

  Jaguar Software Inc.
  573 Main St., Suite 9B
  Winchester, MA 01890
  (617) 729-3659
  jwp@world.std.com (john w poduska)

==========================================================================

7. Scene description languages
==============================

NFF
---
  Neutral file format , by Eric Haines. Very simple, there are some
  procedural database generators in the SPD package, and many objects
  floating in various FTP sites. There's also a previewer written in
  HP Starbase from E.Haines. Also there's one written in VOGLE, so you can
  use any of the devices VOGLE can output on.
  (Check in sites carrying VOGLE, like gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au)

OFF
---
  Object file format, from DEC's Randy Rost (rost@kpc.com).
[ The object archive server seems to be mothballed. In a future version,
 I'll remove the ref. to it -- nfotis ]

  Available also through their mail server. To obtain help about using this
  service, send a message with a "Subject:" line containing only the word
  "help" and a null message body to: object-archive-server@decwrl.dec.com.
  [For FTP places to get it, see in the relevant place]. There's an OFF
  previewer for SGI 4D machines, called off-preview in
  godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au . There are previewers for xview and sunview,
  also on gondwana.

TDDD
----
It's a library of 3D objects with translators to/from OFF, NFF,
Rayshade, Imagine or vort objects.
Edited copy of the announcement follows (from Raytracing News, V4,#3):

  New Library of 3D Objects Available via FTP, by Steve Worley
  (worley@cup.portal.com)

  I have assembled a set of over 150 3D objects in a binary format
  called TDDD. These objects range from human figures to airplanes,
  from semi-trucks to lampposts.  These objects are all freely
  distributable, and most have READMEs that describe them.

  In order to convert these objects to a human-readable format, a file
  with the specification of TDDD is included in the directory with the
  objects. There is also a shareware system called TTDDDLIB (officially
  on hubcap.clemson.edu) that will convert (ala PBM+) to/from various
  object formats : Imagine TTDDD (extension of TDDD?), OFF, NFF,
  Rayshade 4.0, or vort. Source included for Amiga/Unix as executables
  for the Amiga. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric views
  in Postscript.

P3D
---
  From Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center. The P3D uses lisp with slight
  extensions to store three-dimensional models. A simple lisp
  interpreter is included with the P3D release, so there is no need to
  have access to any vendor's lisp to run this software.

  The mouse-driven user interfaces for Motif, Open Look, and Silicon
  Graphics GL, and the DrawP3D subroutine library for generating P3D
  without ever looking at the underlying Lisp.

  The P3D software currently supports nine renderers.  They are:
  Painter - Painter's Algorithm, Dore, Silicon Graphics Inc. GL language,
  Generic Phigs, Sun Phigs+, DEC Phigs+, Rayshade, ART ray tracer (from
  VORT package) and Pixar RenderMan.

  The code is available via anonymous FTP from the machines
  ftp.psc.edu, directory pub/p3d, and nic.funet.fi, directory
  pub/graphics/programs/p3d.

RenderMan
---------
  Pixar's RenderMan is not free - call Pixar for details.

==========================================================================

8. Solids description formats
=============================

a. EEC's ESPRIT project 322 CAD*I (CAD Interfaces) has developed a
  neutral file format for transfer of CAD data (curves, surfaces, and
  solid models between CAD systems and from CAD to CAA (Computer Aided
  Analysis) an CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)

b. IGES [v. 5.1 now] tries to define a standard to tranfer solid
  models - Brep and CSG. The current standard number is ANSI Y14.26M-1987
  For documentation, you might want to contact Nancy Flower at
  NCGA Technical Services and Standards, 1-800-225-6242 ext. 325
  and the cost is $100.
  This standard is not available in electronic format.

c. PDES/STEP : This slowly emerging standard tries to encompass not only
  the geometrical information, but also for things like FEM, etc.
  The main bodies besides this standard are NIST and DARPA. You can get
  more information about PDES by sending mail to nptserver@cme.nist.gov
  and putting the line
	send index
  in the body (NOT the Subject:) area of the message.

  The people at Rutherford Appleton Lab.  are also working
  on STEP tools: they have an EXPRESS compiler and an Exchange file parser,
  both available in source form (and for free) for research purposes.
  Soon they will also have an EXPRESS-based database system.

  For the tools contact Mike Mead, Phone: +44 (0235) 44 6710 (FAX: x 5893),
  e-mail: mm@inf.rl.ac.uk or {...!}mcsun!uknet!rlinf!mm or
          mm%inf.rl.ac.uk@NSFnet-relay.ac.uk

==========================================================================

End of Part 1 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38378
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Ellipse from Its Offset


Hi! Everyone,

Since some people quickly solved the problem of determining a sphere from
4 points, I suddenly recalled a problem which is how to find the ellipse
from its offset. For example, given 5 points on the offset, can you find
the original ellipse analytically?

I spent two months solving this problem by using analytical method last year,
but I failed. Under the pressure, I had to use other method - nonlinear
programming technique to deal with this problem approximately.

Any ideas will be greatly appreciated. Please post here, let the others
share our interests.

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38379
From: d88-jwa@hemul.nada.kth.se (Jon Wtte)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In <Z2442B4w164w@cellar.org> tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:

>> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>> 
>> Can you please offer some recommendations?

I think APDA has something called MacWireFrame which is a full
wire-frame (and supposedly hidden-line removal) library.
I think it weighs in at $99 (but I've been wrong on an order
of magnitude before)

>Libertarian, atheist, semi-anarchal Techno-Rat.

I can relate to that

					/h+
-- 
 -- Jon W{tte, h+@nada.kth.se, Mac Hacker Deluxe --

  "On a clear disc, you can seek forever."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38380
From: Peter.vanderveen@visser.el.wau.nl  (Peter van der Veen)
Subject: To yhe one who wants fonts in POV/POLYRAY/VIVID

To everyone who wants fonts in Vivid/POV/Polyray.
The Borland BGI font converter is VVFONT18.ZIP.
This program can be found on FTP.INFORMATIK.UNI-OLDENBURG.DE directory
pub/dkbtrace/utils.
Also WUARCHIVE has mirrored this site (directory graphics/graphics/mirrors/
ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/dkbtrace/utils.
There are more nice utilities present in this directory.
A new version of Polyray 1.6 (for those asked for it) can be found on the 
same sites but in the directory INCOMING instead of UTILS (PLY16386).
Also in this directory POVSHELL and PV3DV060 could be found.
Have a nive raytrace time.
Peter

 /*---------*\*/*-------------------------------------------*\
 *|  ____/|  *|*    PETER.VANDERVEEN@VISSER.EL.WAU.NL       |*
 *|  \ o.O|  *|*    Department of Genetics                  |*
 *|   =(_)=  *|*    Agricultural University                 |*
 *|     U    *|*    Wageningen, The Netherlands             |*
 \*---------*/*\*-------------------------------------------*/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38381
Subject: newss
From: pollarda@physc1.byu.edu



I am working on a project where we are going to be including
both still and moving grapics within a database.  Of course
JPEG and MPEG come to mind as the formats of choice for the
various files.  However, from what I read on the Net, it seems
as if there are several different forms of each of these.

What I want to do, is settle on a file format which I can count
on as being a standard format 10 years from now.  I know Apple is going
to support Quicktime on the new Power PC's and, so this
may be the format of choice.

What format does Apple's Quicktime use for their products?  I guess
it is some kind of MPEG for their motion picture. Is it any different
than standard MPEG files?

Thanx for any info!

Art.
Pollarda@xray.byu.edu


  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38382
Subject: PD 3D Viewer wanted
From: qiaok@bones.et.byu.edu (Kun Qiao)

I am looking for a public domain 3d viewer.  It does not have to be very
fancy.  The features I want is simple wireframe display, flat shading, 
simple transformation.  It would be nice to have hidden line.    

Any information is appreciated.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38383
From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1993Apr17.113223.12092@imag.fr> schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer) writes:

>Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
>with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
>So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
>think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
>not very nice.

No, VGALIB?  Amazing..  I guess it was lost in all those subdirs :-)
Thanks for correcting me.  It doesn't sound very appealing though, only
320x200?  I'm glad it wasn't something major I missed.

Thanks,

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38384
From: schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <C5LErr.1J3@rahul.net>, bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
|> In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:
|> 
|> >A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
|> >am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
|> >Thanks!
|> > 
|> 
|> Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
|> any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
|> so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
|> graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
|> X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
|> doc, image viewers like xv, etc.
|> 

Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
not very nice.

Best Regards,

Arno

-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arno Schaefer				ENSIMAG, 2e Annee
Email: schaefer@silene.imag.fr
Tel.: (33) 76 51 79 95			:-)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38385
From: add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
Subject: Need specs/info on Apple QuickTime

I need to get the specs, or at least a very verbose interpretation of the
specs, for QuickTime.  Technical articles from magazines and references to
books would be nice too.

I also need the specs in a format usable on a Unix or MS-DOS system.  I can't
do much with the QuickTime stuff they have on ftp.apple.com in its present
format.

Thanks in advance.

James D. Murray
add@sciences.sdsu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38386
From: harti@mikro.ee.tu-berlin.de (Stefan Hartmann (Behse))
Subject: Genoa graphics board Drivers FTP site!

Hi,

well I have opened up a FTP site for getting the latest software drivers
for Genoa graphics cards.

Here is how to access it:

ftp 192.109.42.11
login:ftp
password:ftp
cd pub/genoa
ls -l
binary
prompt
hash

(now if you wanna have the latest drivers for the 7900 board)

cd 7000series
mget *

quit

This is the sequence to get the drivers.

If you have any further question, please email me.

Best regards, Stefan Hartmann
email to: harti@mikro.ee.tu-berlin.de

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38387
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <C5LEvt.1nJ@rahul.net> bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
>In <1qlobb$p5a@tuegate.tue.nl> renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>[Most info regarding dangers of reading from Floppy disks omitted]
>>unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
>>program to do this...
>Nevertheless, it is an important bug that needs to be squashed.  I am
>merely pointing out that it was probably overlooked.  While it is serious,
>one must keep in mind that it will probably affect at most 5% of the
>targeted users of CView.

OK, I don't use CView anymore, but I saw that no one had explaind this
"bug" in the thread, so here goes:

It is NOT the fault of CView.  It is DOS!  If you leave a file open on a
floppy drive, then change the disk and do something which updates or closes
that file, you have a good chance of getting part of the directory and FAT
from the other disk written to the new disk.  This has always been true,
and has destroyed data under other programs, not just CView.

The only thing CView can do to improve the situation is to try not to leave
files open unless it's actively using them (ie, reading and decoding).

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38388
From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Fast polygon routine needed

This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.  I have one that works right now, but
its very slow.  Could anyone point me to one, pref in ASM that is fairly well
documented and flexible?
	Thanx,
            //Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38389
From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
>polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.

	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38390
From: idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> mcmains@unt.edu (Sean McMains) writes:
>
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

A 68070 is just a 68010 with a built in MMU.  I don't even think that Moto.
manufactures them.

                                  - Ian Romanick
                                    Dancing Fool of Epsilon

[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]
 | Were the contained thoughts 'opinions',     EPN.NTSC.quality = Best|
 | PSU would probably not agree with them.                            |
 |                                                                    |
 | "Look, I don't know anything about                                 |
 | douche, but I do know Anti-Freeze                                  |
 | when I see it!" - The Dead Milkmen                                 |
[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38391
From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: MS-Windows graphics viewer?


Howdy all,

	I was wondering if people could e-mail me their opinions on
the various graphics viewers available for MS-Windows 3.x...  I'm
working on a project to set up our scanner and write documentation on
how to use it and it would be nice to have a snazzy image viewer 
to look at (and maybe even edit?) the image you just scanned.

The file formats I'm looking for:

GIF
JPEG
TIFF
PCX
whatever other 'major' file formats there are.

Thanks a lot for your help

Grant

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
In the days of old,
When Knights were bold,
	And women were too cautious;
Oh, those gallant days,
When women were women,
	And men were really obnoxious ...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38392
From: rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com> ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado) writes:
>In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>|> In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
>|> Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>|> >   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>|> >a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>|> >like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
[snip]
(the 3DO is not a 68000!!!)
>|> 
>|> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
>|> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
>|> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
>|> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
>|> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
>|> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
>|> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
>|> dynamic material.
[snip]
>booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
>using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
>quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
>(1.5).
>
>   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
>nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
>3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
>wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
>increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 
>
>   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
>what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
>could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.
>
>   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
>a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
>from memory!
>
>   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
>hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
>animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?
>
>   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.
>


The 3DO box is based on an ARM RISC processor, one or two custom graphics
chips, a DSP, a double-speed CDROM, and 2MB of RAM/VRAM. (I'm a little
fuzzy on the breakdown of the graphics chips and RAM/VRAM capacity).

It was demonstrated at a recent gathering at the Electronic Cafe in
Santa Monica, CA. From 3DO, RJ Mical (of Amiga/Lynx fame) and Hal
Josephson (sp?) were there to talk about the machine and their plan. We
got to see the unit displaying full-screen movies using the CompactVideo codec
(which was nice, very little blockiness showing clips from Jaws and Backdraft)
... and a very high frame rate to boot (like 30fps).

Note however that the 3DO's screen resolution is 320x240.

CompactVideo is pretty amazing... I also wanted to point out that QuickTime
does indeed slow down when one dynamically resizes material as was stated
above... I'm sure if the material had been compressed at the large size
then it would play back fine (I have a Q950 and do this quite a bit). The
price of generality... personally I don't use the dynamic sizing of movies
often, if ever. But playing back stuff at its original size is plenty quick
on the latest 040 machines.

I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

Rob Barris
Quicksilver Software Inc.
rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38393
From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>>This may be a fairly routine request on here, but I'm looking for a fast
>>polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>
>	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?

To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, done in C and
ASM.  I need a faster way to draw concave polygons that the method I have right
now, which is very slow.
	 //Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38394
From: kennu@mits.mdata.fi (Kenneth Falck)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <C5Mv2n.49t@rahul.net> bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
>In <1993Apr17.113223.12092@imag.fr> schaefer@imag.imag.fr (Arno Schaefer) writes:
>
>>Sorry, Bryan, this is not quite correct. Remember the VGALIB package that comes
>>with Linux/SLS? It will switch to VGA 320x200x256 mode *without* Xwindows.
>>So at least it is *possible* to write a GIF viewer under Linux. However I don't
>>think that there exists a similar SVGA package, and viewing GIFs in 320x200 is
>>not very nice.
>
>No, VGALIB?  Amazing..  I guess it was lost in all those subdirs :-)
>Thanks for correcting me.  It doesn't sound very appealing though, only
>320x200?  I'm glad it wasn't something major I missed.

Tommy Frandsen's VGAlib (which is probably what you're talking about)
will do the standard VGA modes, some tweaked modes and then the Tseng
ET4000 Super VGA modes. I have an ET4000 and I'm viewing GIF's at
640x480/256 (I have a lousy/small monitor) with dpg-view on Linux. I
think I had to change some constants in the dpg-view sources to make it
use the ET4k modes.

VGAlib's sources seem to be designed for easy addition of new Super VGA
support; each mode is an array of register values and there's a program
that dumps an array declaration of this kind describing the current
mode. Haven't tried it though...

(Btw, my version of VGAlib is 1.2.)

-- 
kennu@mits.mdata.fi
Try Linux, a free UNIX by Linus Torvalds for 386+'s. Read comp.os.linux
(or ask me by email if you like) for more information. You can run X11,
TeX, GNU EMACS and much more on top of a nice POSIX environment.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38395
From: fineman@stein2.u.washington.edu (Twixt your toes)
Subject: Anyone know use "rayshade" out there?

I'm using "rayshade" on the u.w. computers here, and i'd like input
from other users, and perhaps swap some ideas.  I could post
uuencoded .gifs here, or .ray code, if anyone's interested.  I'm having
trouble coming up with colors that are metallic (i.e. brass, steel)
from the RGB values.

If you're on the u.w. machines, check out "~fineman/rle.files/*.rle" on 
stein.u.washington.edu for some of what i've got.  

dan



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38396
From: Mike_Peredo@mindlink.bc.ca (Mike Peredo)
Subject: Re: "Fake" virtual reality

The most ridiculous example of VR-exploitation I've seen so far is the
"Virtual Reality Clothing Company" which recently opened up in Vancouver. As
far as I can tell it's just another "chic" clothes spot. Although it would be
interesting if they were selling "virtual clothing"....

E-mail me if you want me to dig up their phone # and you can probably get
some promotional lit.

MP
(8^)-


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38397
From: craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson)
Subject: Video in/out


I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
What cards should I be looking into?

Thanks,
Craig

-- 
                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
 Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
 craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38398
From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: MS-Windows screen grabber?


Howdy all,

Where could I find a screen-grabber program for MS-Windows?  I'm 
writing up some documentation and it would be VERY helpful to include
sample screens into the document.

Please e-mail as I don't usualy follow this group.

Thanks a lot,

Grant

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
"The human brain is like an enormous fish -- it is flat and slimy and
has gills through which it can see."
		-- Monty Python

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38399
From: mjw19@cl.cam.ac.uk (M.J. Williams)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <2BD07605.18974@news.service.uci.edu> rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris) writes:
>                                                                     We
>got to see the unit displaying full-screen movies using the CompactVideo codec
>(which was nice, very little blockiness showing clips from Jaws and Backdraft)
>... and a very high frame rate to boot (like 30fps).

Acorn Replay running on a 25MHz ARM 3 processor (the ARM 3 is about 20% slower
than the ARM 6) does this in software (off a standard CD-ROM). 16 bit colour at
about the same resolution (so what if the computer only has 8 bit colour
support, real-time dithering too...). The 3D0/O is supposed to have a couple of
DSPs - the ARM being used for housekeeping.

>I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
>the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

A 25MHz ARM 6xx should clock around 20 ARM MIPS, say 18 flat out. Depends
really on the surrounding system and whether you are talking ARM6x or ARM6xx
(the latter has a cache, and so is essential to run at this kind of speed with
slower memory).

I'll stop saying things there 'cos I'll hopefully be working for ARM after
graduation...

Mike

PS Don't pay heed to what reps from Philips say; if the 3D0/O doesn't beat the
   pants off 3DI then I'll eat this postscript.
--
____________________________________________________________________________
\  /  / Michael Williams                     Part II Computer Science Tripos
|\/|\/\ MJW19@phx.cam.ac.uk                          University of Cambridge
|  |(__)Cymdeithas Genedlaethol Traddodiad Troi Teigrod Mwythus Ben I Waered

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38400
From: edb@dmssyd.syd.dms.CSIRO.AU (Ed Breen)
Subject: DICTA-93


                Australian Pattern Recognition Society

                         2nd CALL FOR PAPERS

                               DICTA-93

                          2nd Conference on -

         DIGITAL IMAGING COMPUTING: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS


Location: Macquarie Theatre
          Macquarie University
          Sydney

Date: 8-10 December 1993.


   DICTA-93 is the second biennial national conference of the
Australian Pattern Recognition Society.

   This event will provide an opportunity for any persons with an
interest in computer vision, digital image processing/analysis and other
aspects of pattern recognition to become informed about contemporary
developments in the area, to exchange ideas, to establish contacts and
to share details of their own work with others.

        The Following invited speakers will provide specialised
presentations:

Prof Gabor T. Herman, University of Pennsylvania on Medical Imaging.

Prof. R.M. Hodgson, Massey University New Zealand on Computer Vision.

Prof. Dominique Juelin, Centre de Morphologie Mathematique, Paris on
Mathematical Morphology.

Prof. John Richards, Aust. Defence Force Academy, Canberra on Remote
Sensing.

Dr. Phillip K. Robertson, CSIRO Division of Information Technology,
Canberra on Interactive Visualisation.


   The conference will concentrate on (but is not limited to) the
following areas of image processing:-

                * Computer Vision and Object Recognition
                * Motion Analysis
                * Morphology
                * Medical Imaging
                * Fuzzy logic and Neural Networks
                * Image Coding
                * Machine Vision and Robotics
                * Enhancement and Restoration
                * Enhancement and Restoration
                * Visualisation
                * Industrial Applications
                * Software and Hardware Tools

   Papers are sought for presentation at the conference and publication
in the conference proceedings. Submission for peer review should consist
of an extended abstract of 750-1000 words of doubled spaced text, summarizing the
technical aspects of the paper and any results that will be quoted.
Final papers should be limited to no more than 8 pages of text and
illustrations in camera-ready form.


   Four (4) copies of the abstract should be sent to:


                               DICTA-93
                          C/- Tony Adriaansen
                  CSIRO - Division of Wool Technology
                                PO Box 7
                             Ryde NSW 2112
                               Australia



                            IMPORTANT DATES

                Abstract due            - 25th June 1993
                Acceptance notified     - 27th August 1993
                Final paper due         - 15th October 1993



SOCIAL PROGRAM:

The conference dinner will be held on the Thursday 9th of December 1993.
Other social activities are being arranged.

Situated on a beautiful harbour, Sydney has many and varied places of
interest. The Opera House and Harbour Bridge are just two of the well
known landmarks. Harbour cruises, city tours to the Blue Mountains run
daily. We can provide further information on request.


ACCOMMODATION:

Accommodation within 15 min walking distance is available, ranging from
college style to 5 star Hotel facilities. Information will be supplied
upon request.


CONFERENCE FEES:

                        before 30th Sep.        After 30th Sep.
APRS Members              A$220                   A$250
APRS Student Members      A$120                   A$150
Others                    A$250                   A$280

Conference Dinner         A$35
on Dec 9th 1993


-------------------------------------------------------------
                ADVANCED REGISTRATION

Name:
Organisation:
Address

Phone:
Fax:
email:

                - I am a current Member of APRS.

                - I am not a current member of APRS.

                - Please send me information on accommodation.


I enclose a cheque for

-------------------------------------------------------------

Please send the above form to

DICTA-93
C/- Tony Adriaansen
CSIRO - Division of Wool Technology
PO Box 7
Ryde NSW 2112
Australia

The cheques should be made payable to DICTA-93.

For further information contact:
* Tony Adriaansen (02) 809 9495
* Athula Ginigie  (02) 330 2393
* email: dicta93@ee.uts.edu.au

APRS is a member of IAPP the International Association for Pattern
Recognition, Inc. An affiliated member of the International Federation
for Information Processing.





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38401
From: ebuhcb@ebu.ericsson.se (Cuyler Buckwalter 66678)
Subject: Re: So what is the fastest Windows video c

In article 16APR199309101156@trentu.ca, ayounes@trentu.ca (Amro Younes, Trent University, C.C. #314, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 7B8. (705) 749-0391) writes:
>I have the ATI GRAPHICS ULTRA PRO EISA version.  I must admit it has 
>received bad press but that was due to the faulty drivers it had.  

PC Magazine seems to be impressed with the ATI card in their most recent
reviews.  In the April 13th issue they rate the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro
(EISA version) as their "Editor's Choice".  They noted that the drivers
had improved since they tested the ISA version in January...
                                                            ...Cuyler

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38402
From: cavalier@blkbox.COM (Bill Egan)
Subject: Re: Weitek P9000 ?

jgreen@amber (Joe Green) writes:
>> > Anyone know about the Weitek P9000 graphics chip?

>Do you have Weitek's address/phone number?  I'd like to get some information
>about this chip.

Yes, I am very interested in this chip.  Please follow up or email.

--
Bill Egan          
Cavalier Graphics
Houston, Texas
Email: cavalier@blkbox.com 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38403
From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: JPEG image compression: Frequently Asked Questions

Archive-name: jpeg-faq
Last-modified: 18 April 1993

This FAQ article discusses JPEG image compression.  Suggestions for
additions and clarifications are welcome.

New since version of 3 April 1993:
  * New versions of Image Archiver and PMJPEG for OS/2.


This article includes the following sections:

[1]  What is JPEG?
[2]  Why use JPEG?
[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?
[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?
    [6A] "canned" software, viewers, etc.
    [6B] source code
[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
[8]  How does JPEG work?
[9]  What about lossless JPEG?
[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?
[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
[12]  What about arithmetic coding?
[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

Sections 1-6 are basic info that every JPEG user needs to know;
sections 7-14 are advanced info for the curious.

This article is posted every 2 weeks.  You can always find the latest version
in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu (18.172.1.27).  By FTP, fetch
/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq; or if you don't have FTP, send e-mail to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with body "send usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq".
Many other FAQ articles are also stored in this archive.  For more
instructions on use of the archive, send e-mail to the same address with the
words "help" and "index" (no quotes) on separate lines.  If you don't get a
reply, the server may be misreading your return address; add a line such as
"path myname@mysite" to specify your correct e-mail address to reply to.


----------


[1]  What is JPEG?

JPEG (pronounced "jay-peg") is a standardized image compression mechanism.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the
committee that wrote the standard.  JPEG is designed for compressing either
full-color or gray-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes.
It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line
drawings.

JPEG does not handle black-and-white (1-bit-per-pixel) images, nor does it
handle motion picture compression.  Standards for compressing those types
of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG
respectively.

JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in.  The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitations of the human eye, notably
the fact that small color details aren't perceived as well as small details
of light-and-dark.  Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images that will
be looked at by humans.  If you plan to machine-analyze your images, the
small errors introduced by JPEG may be a problem for you, even if they are
invisible to the eye.

A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by
adjusting compression parameters.  This means that the image maker can trade
off file size against output image quality.  You can make *extremely* small
files if you don't mind poor quality; this is useful for indexing image
archives, making thumbnail views or icons, etc. etc.  Conversely, if you
aren't happy with the output quality at the default compression setting, you
can jack up the quality until you are satisfied, and accept lesser compression.


[2]  Why use JPEG?

There are two good reasons: to make your image files smaller, and to store
24-bit-per-pixel color data instead of 8-bit-per-pixel data.

Making image files smaller is a big win for transmitting files across
networks and for archiving libraries of images.  Being able to compress a
2 Mbyte full-color file down to 100 Kbytes or so makes a big difference in
disk space and transmission time!  (If you are comparing GIF and JPEG, the
size ratio is more like four to one.  More details below.)

If your viewing software doesn't support JPEG directly, you'll have to
convert JPEG to some other format for viewing or manipulating images.  Even
with a JPEG-capable viewer, it takes longer to decode and view a JPEG image
than to view an image of a simpler format (GIF, for instance).  Thus, using
JPEG is essentially a time/space tradeoff: you give up some time in order to
store or transmit an image more cheaply.

It's worth noting that when network or phone transmission is involved, the
time savings from transferring a shorter file can be much greater than the
extra time to decompress the file.  I'll let you do the arithmetic yourself.

The other reason why JPEG will gradually replace GIF as a standard Usenet
posting format is that JPEG can store full color information: 24 bits/pixel
(16 million colors) instead of 8 or less (256 or fewer colors).  If you have
only 8-bit display hardware then this may not seem like much of an advantage
to you.  Within a couple of years, though, 8-bit GIF will look as obsolete as
black-and-white MacPaint format does today.  Furthermore, for reasons detailed
in section 7, JPEG is far more useful than GIF for exchanging images among
people with widely varying color display hardware.  Hence JPEG is considerably
more appropriate than GIF for use as a Usenet posting standard.


[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?

JPEG is *not* going to displace GIF entirely; for some types of images,
GIF is superior in image quality, file size, or both.  One of the first
things to learn about JPEG is which kinds of images to apply it to.

As a rule of thumb, JPEG is superior to GIF for storing full-color or
gray-scale images of "realistic" scenes; that means scanned photographs and
similar material.  JPEG is superior even if you don't have 24-bit display
hardware, and it is a LOT superior if you do.  (See section 7 for details.)

GIF does significantly better on images with only a few distinct colors,
such as cartoons and line drawings.  In particular, large areas of pixels
that are all *exactly* the same color are compressed very efficiently indeed
by GIF.  JPEG can't squeeze these files as much as GIF does without
introducing visible defects.  This sort of image is best kept in GIF form.
(In particular, single-color borders are quite cheap in GIF files, but they
should be avoided in JPEG files.)

JPEG also has a hard time with very sharp edges: a row of pure-black pixels
adjacent to a row of pure-white pixels, for example.  Sharp edges tend to
come out blurred unless you use a very high quality setting.  Again, this
sort of thing is not found in scanned photographs, but it shows up fairly
often in GIF files: borders, overlaid text, etc.  The blurriness is
particularly objectionable with text that's only a few pixels high.
If you have a GIF with a lot of small-size overlaid text, don't JPEG it.

Computer-drawn images (ray-traced scenes, for instance) usually fall between
scanned images and cartoons in terms of complexity.  The more complex and
subtly rendered the image, the more likely that JPEG will do well on it.
The same goes for semi-realistic artwork (fantasy drawings and such).

Plain black-and-white (two level) images should never be converted to JPEG.
You need at least about 16 gray levels before JPEG is useful for gray-scale
images.  It should also be noted that GIF is lossless for gray-scale images
of up to 256 levels, while JPEG is not.

If you have an existing library of GIF images, you may wonder whether you
should convert them to JPEG.  You will lose a little image quality if you do.
(Section 7, which argues that JPEG image quality is superior to GIF, only
applies if both formats start from a full-color original.  If you start from
a GIF, you've already irretrievably lost a great deal of information; JPEG
can only make things worse.)  However, the disk space savings may justify
converting anyway.  This is a decision you'll have to make for yourself.
If you do convert a GIF library to JPEG, see section 14 for hints.  Be
prepared to leave some images in GIF format, since some GIFs will not
convert well.


[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?

Pretty darn well.  Here are some sample file sizes for an image I have
handy, a 727x525 full-color image of a ship in a harbor.  The first three
files are for comparison purposes; the rest were created with the free JPEG
software described in section 6B.

File	   Size in bytes		Comments

ship.ppm	1145040  Original file in PPM format (no compression; 24 bits
			 or 3 bytes per pixel, plus a few bytes overhead)
ship.ppm.Z	 963829  PPM file passed through Unix compress
			 compress doesn't accomplish a lot, you'll note.
			 Other text-oriented compressors give similar results.
ship.gif	 240438  Converted to GIF with ppmquant -fs 256 | ppmtogif
			 Most of the savings is the result of losing color
			 info: GIF saves 8 bits/pixel, not 24.  (See sec. 7.)

ship.jpg95	 155622  cjpeg -Q 95    (highest useful quality setting)
			 This is indistinguishable from the 24-bit original,
			 at least to my nonprofessional eyeballs.
ship.jpg75	  58009  cjpeg -Q 75    (default setting)
			 You have to look mighty darn close to distinguish this
			 from the original, even with both on-screen at once.
ship.jpg50	  38406  cjpeg -Q 50
			 This has slight defects; if you know what to look
			 for, you could tell it's been JPEGed without seeing
			 the original.  Still as good image quality as many
			 recent postings in Usenet pictures groups.
ship.jpg25	  25192  cjpeg -Q 25
			 JPEG's characteristic "blockiness" becomes apparent
			 at this setting (djpeg -blocksmooth helps some).
			 Still, I've seen plenty of Usenet postings that were
			 of poorer image quality than this.
ship.jpg5o	   6587  cjpeg -Q 5 -optimize  (-optimize cuts table overhead)
			 Blocky, but perfectly satisfactory for preview or
			 indexing purposes.  Note that this file is TINY:
			 the compression ratio from the original is 173:1 !

In this case JPEG can make a file that's a factor of four or five smaller
than a GIF of comparable quality (the -Q 75 file is every bit as good as the
GIF, better if you have a full-color display).  This seems to be a typical
ratio for real-world scenes.


[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?

Most JPEG compressors let you pick a file size vs. image quality tradeoff by
selecting a quality setting.  There seems to be widespread confusion about
the meaning of these settings.  "Quality 95" does NOT mean "keep 95% of the
information", as some have claimed.  The quality scale is purely arbitrary;
it's not a percentage of anything.

The name of the game in using JPEG is to pick the lowest quality setting
(smallest file size) that decompresses into an image indistinguishable from
the original.  This setting will vary from one image to another and from one
observer to another, but here are some rules of thumb.

The default quality setting (-Q 75) is very often the best choice.  This
setting is about the lowest you can go without expecting to see defects in a
typical image.  Try -Q 75 first; if you see defects, then go up.  Except for
experimental purposes, never go above -Q 95; saying -Q 100 will produce a
file two or three times as large as -Q 95, but of hardly any better quality.

If the image was less than perfect quality to begin with, you might be able to
go down to -Q 50 without objectionable degradation.  On the other hand, you
might need to go to a HIGHER quality setting to avoid further degradation.
The second case seems to apply much of the time when converting GIFs to JPEG.
The default -Q 75 is about right for compressing 24-bit images, but -Q 85 to
95 is usually better for converting GIFs (see section 14 for more info).

If you want a very small file (say for preview or indexing purposes) and are
prepared to tolerate large defects, a -Q setting in the range of 5 to 10 is
about right.  -Q 2 or so may be amusing as "op art".

(Note: the quality settings discussed in this article apply to the free JPEG
software described in section 6B, and to many programs based on it.  Other
JPEG implementations, such as Image Alchemy, may use a completely different
quality scale.  Some programs don't even provide a numeric scale, just
"high"/"medium"/"low"-style choices.)


[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?

Most of the programs described in this section are available by FTP.
If you don't know how to use FTP, see the FAQ article "How to find sources".
(If you don't have direct access to FTP, read about ftpmail servers in the
same article.)  That article appears regularly in news.answers, or you can
get it by sending e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
"send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.  The "Anonymous FTP
List FAQ" may also be helpful --- it's usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq in
the news.answers archive.

NOTE: this list changes constantly.  If you have a copy more than a couple
months old, get the latest JPEG FAQ from the news.answers archive.


[6A]  If you are looking for "canned" software, viewers, etc:

The first part of this list is system-specific programs that only run on one
kind of system.  If you don't see what you want for your machine, check out
the portable JPEG software described at the end of the list.  Note that this
list concentrates on free and shareware programs that you can obtain over
Internet; but some commercial programs are listed too.

X Windows:

John Bradley's free XV (version 2.00 and up) is an excellent viewer for JPEG,
GIF, and other image formats.  It's available for FTP from export.lcs.mit.edu
or ftp.cis.upenn.edu.  The file is called 'xv-???.tar.Z' (where ??? is the
version number, currently 2.21); it is located in the 'contrib' directory on
export or the 'pub/xv' directory at upenn.  XV reduces all images to 8 bits
internally, which means it's not a real good choice if you have a 24-bit
display (you'll still get only 8-bit color).  Also, you shouldn't use XV to
convert full-color images to JPEG, because they'll get color-quantized first.
But XV is a fine tool for converting GIF and other 8-bit images to JPEG.
CAUTION: there is a glitch in versions 2.21 and earlier: be sure to check
the "save at normal size" checkbox when saving a JPEG file, or the file will
be blurry.

Another good choice for X Windows is John Cristy's free ImageMagick package,
also available from export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.
This package handles many image processing and conversion tasks.  The
ImageMagick viewer handles 24-bit displays correctly; for colormapped
displays, it does better (though slower) color quantization than XV or the
basic free JPEG software.

Both of the above are large, complex packages.  If you just want a simple
image viewer, try xloadimage or xli.  xloadimage supports JPEG in its latest
release, 3.03.  xloadimage is free and available from export.lcs.mit.edu,
file contrib/xloadimage.3.03.tar.Z.  xli is a variant version of xloadimage,
said by its fans to be somewhat faster and more robust than the original.
(The current xli is indeed faster and more robust than the current
xloadimage, at least with respect to JPEG files, because it has the IJG v4
decoder while xloadimage 3.03 is using a hacked-over v1.  The next
xloadimage release will fix this.)  xli is also free and available from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/xli.1.14.tar.Z.  Both programs are said
to do the right thing with 24-bit displays.


MS-DOS:

This covers plain DOS; for Windows or OS/2 programs, see the next headings.

One good choice is Eric Praetzel's free DVPEG, which views JPEG and GIF files.
The current version, 2.4a, is available by FTP from sunee.uwaterloo.ca
(129.97.50.50), file pub/jpeg/viewers/dvpeg24a.zip.  This is a good basic
viewer that works on either 286 or 386/486 machines.  The user interface is
not flashy, but it's functional.

Another freeware JPEG/GIF/TGA viewer is Mohammad Rezaei's Hiview.  The
current version, 1.2, is available from Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
below), file msdos/graphics/hv12.zip.  Hiview requires a 386 or better CPU
and a VCPI-compatible memory manager (QEMM386 and 386MAX work; Windows and
OS/2 do not).  Hiview is currently the fastest viewer for images that are no
bigger than your screen.  For larger images, it scales the image down to fit
on the screen (rather than using panning/scrolling as most viewers do).
You may or may not prefer this approach, but there's no denying that it
slows down loading of large images considerably.  Note: installation is a
bit tricky; read the directions carefully!

A shareware alternative is ColorView for DOS ($30).  This is easier to
install than either of the two freeware alternatives.  Its user interface is
also much spiffier-looking, although personally I find it harder to use ---
more keystrokes, inconsistent behavior.  It is faster than DVPEG but a
little slower than Hiview, at least on my hardware.  (For images larger than
screen size, DVPEG and ColorView seem to be about the same speed, and both
are faster than Hiview.)  The current version is 2.1, available from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/dcview21.zip.
Requires a VESA graphics driver; if you don't have one, look in vesadrv2.zip
or vesa-tsr.zip from the same directory.  (Many recent PCs have a built-in
VESA driver, so don't try to load a VESA driver unless ColorView complains
that the driver is missing.)

A second shareware alternative is Fullview, which has been kicking around
the net for a while, but I don't know any stable archive location for it.
The current (rather old) version is inferior to the above viewers anyway.
The author tells me that a new version of Fullview will be out shortly
and it will be submitted to the Simtel20 archives at that time.

The well-known GIF viewer CompuShow (CSHOW) supports JPEG in its latest
revision, 8.60a.  However, CSHOW's JPEG implementation isn't very good:
it's slow (about half the speed of the above viewers) and image quality is
poor except on hi-color displays.  Too bad ... it'd have been nice to see a
good JPEG capability in CSHOW.  Shareware, $25.  Available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/gif/cshw860a.zip.

Due to the remarkable variety of PC graphics hardware, any one of these
viewers might not work on your particular machine.  If you can't get *any*
of them to work, you'll need to use one of the following conversion programs
to convert JPEG to GIF, then view with your favorite GIF viewer.  (If you
have hi-color hardware, don't use GIF as the intermediate format; try to
find a TARGA-capable viewer instead.  VPIC5.0 is reputed to do the right
thing with hi-color displays.)

The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG converters are FTPable from Simtel20
and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/jpeg4.zip (or
jpeg4386.zip if you have a 386 and extended memory).  These files are DOS
compilations of the free source code described in section 6B; they will
convert JPEG to and from GIF, Targa, and PPM formats.

Handmade Software offers free JPEG<=>GIF conversion tools, GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF.
These are slow and are limited to conversion to and from GIF format; in
particular, you can't get 24-bit color output from a JPEG.  The major
advantage of these tools is that they will read and write HSI's proprietary
JPEG format as well as the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Since HSI-format
files are rather widespread on BBSes, this is a useful capability.  Version
2.0 of these tools is free (prior versions were shareware).  Get it from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/gif2jpg2.zip.
NOTE: do not use HSI format for files to be posted on Internet, since it is
not readable on non-PC platforms.

Handmade Software also has a shareware image conversion and manipulation
package, Image Alchemy.  This will translate JPEG files (both JFIF and HSI
formats) to and from many other image formats.  It can also display images.
A demo version of Image Alchemy version 1.6.1 is available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/alch161.zip.

NOTE ABOUT SIMTEL20: The Internet's key archive site for PC-related programs
is Simtel20, full name wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (192.88.110.20).  Simtel20
runs a non-Unix system with weird directory names; where this document
refers to directory (eg) "msdos/graphics" at Simtel20, that really means
"pd1:<msdos.graphics>".  If you are not physically on MILnet, you should
expect rather slow FTP transfer rates from Simtel20.  There are several
Internet sites that maintain copies (mirrors) of the Simtel20 archives;
most FTP users should go to one of the mirror sites instead.  A popular USA
mirror site is oak.oakland.edu (141.210.10.117), which keeps Simtel20 files
in (eg) "/pub/msdos/graphics".  If you have no FTP capability, you can
retrieve files from Simtel20 by e-mail; see informational postings in
comp.archives.msdos.announce to find out how.  If you are outside the USA,
consult the same newsgroup to learn where your nearest Simtel20 mirror is.

Microsoft Windows:

There are several Windows programs capable of displaying JPEG images.
(Windows viewers are generally slower than DOS viewers on the same hardware,
due to Windows' system overhead.  Note that you can run the DOS conversion
programs described above inside a Windows DOS window.)

The newest entry is WinECJ, which is free and EXTREMELY fast.  Version 1.0
is available from ftp.rahul.net, file /pub/bryanw/pc/jpeg/wecj.zip.
Requires Windows 3.1 and 256-or-more-colors mode.  This is a no-frills
viewer with the bad habit of hogging the machine completely while it
decodes; and the image quality is noticeably worse than other viewers.
But it's so fast you'll use it anyway, at least for previewing...

JView is freeware, fairly fast, has good on-line help, and can write out the
decompressed image in Windows BMP format; but it can't create new JPEG
files, and it doesn't view GIFs.  JView also lacks some other useful
features of the shareware viewers (such as brightness adjustment), but it's
an excellent basic viewer.  The current version, 0.9, is available from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84), file pub/pc/win3/desktop/jview090.zip.
(Mirrors of this archive can be found at some other Internet sites,
including wuarchive.wustl.edu.)

WinJPEG (shareware, $20) displays JPEG,GIF,Targa,TIFF, and BMP image files;
it can write all of these formats too, so it can be used as a converter.
It has some other nifty features including color-balance adjustment and
slideshow.  The current version is 2.1, available from Simtel20 and mirror
sites (see NOTE above), file msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip.  (This is a slow
286-compatible version; if you register, you'll get the 386-only version,
which is roughly 25% faster.)

ColorView is another shareware entry ($30).  This was an early and promising
contender, but it has not been updated in some time, and at this point it
has no real advantages over WinJPEG.  If you want to try it anyway, the
current version is 0.97, available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, file
pub/pc/win3/desktop/cview097.zip.  (I understand that a new version will
be appearing once the authors are finished with ColorView for DOS.)

DVPEG (see DOS heading) also works under Windows, but only in full-screen
mode, not in a window.

OS/2:

The following files are available from hobbes.nmsu.edu (128.123.35.151).
Note: check /pub/uploads for more recent versions --- the hobbes moderator
is not very fast about moving uploads into their permanent directories.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/jpegv4.zip
    32-bit version of free IJG conversion programs, version 4.
/pub/os2/all/graphics/jpeg4-16.zip
    16-bit version of same, for OS/2 1.x.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/imgarc11.zip
    Image Archiver 1.01: image conversion/viewing with PM graphical interface.
    Strong on conversion functions, viewing is a bit weaker.  Shareware, $15.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmjpeg11.zip
    PMJPEG 1.1: OS/2 2.x port of WinJPEG, a popular viewer for Windows
    (see description in Windows section).  Shareware, $20.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmview84.zip
    PMView 0.84: JPEG/GIF/BMP viewer.  GIF viewing very fast, JPEG viewing
    fast if you have huge amounts of RAM, otherwise about the same speed
    as the above programs.  Strong 24-bit display support.  Shareware, $20.

Macintosh:

Most Mac JPEG programs rely on Apple's JPEG implementation, which is part of
the QuickTime system extension; so you need to have QuickTime installed.
To use QuickTime, you need a 68020 or better CPU and you need to be running
System 6.0.7 or later.  (If you're running System 6, you must also install
the 32-bit QuickDraw extension; this is built-in on System 7.)  You can get
QuickTime by FTP from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/quicktime.hqx.
(As of 11/92, this file contains QuickTime 1.5, which is better than QT 1.0
in several ways.  With respect to JPEG, it is marginally faster and
considerably less prone to crash when fed a corrupt JPEG file.  However,
some applications seem to have compatibility problems with QT 1.5.)

Mac users should keep in mind that QuickTime's JPEG format, PICT/JPEG, is
not the same as the Usenet-standard JFIF JPEG format.  (See section 10 for
details.)  If you post images on Usenet, make sure they are in JFIF format.
Most of the programs mentioned below can generate either format.

The first choice is probably JPEGView, a free program for viewing images
that are in JFIF format, PICT/JPEG format, or GIF format.  It also can
convert between the two JPEG formats.  The current version, 2.0, is a big
improvement over prior versions.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
(36.44.0.6), file /info-mac/app/jpeg-view-20.hqx.  Requires System 7 and
QuickTime.  On 8-bit displays, JPEGView usually produces the best color
image quality of all the currently available Mac JPEG viewers.  JPEGView can
view large images in much less memory than other Mac viewers; in fact, it's
the only one that can deal with JPEG images much over 640x480 pixels on a
typical 4MB Mac.  Given a large image, JPEGView automatically scales it down
to fit on the screen, rather than presenting scroll bars like most other
viewers.  (You can zoom in on any desired portion, though.)  Some people
like this behavior, some don't.  Overall, JPEGView's user interface is very
well thought out.

GIFConverter, a shareware ($40) image viewer/converter, supports JFIF and
PICT/JPEG, as well as GIF and several other image formats.  The latest
version is 2.3.2.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/art/gif/gif-converter-232.hqx.  Requires System 6.0.5 or later.
GIFConverter is not better than JPEGView as a plain JPEG/GIF viewer, but
it has much more extensive image manipulation and format conversion
capabilities, so you may find it worth its shareware fee if you do a lot of
playing around with images.  Also, the newest version of GIFConverter can
load and save JFIF images *without* QuickTime, so it is your best bet if
your machine is too old to run QuickTime.  (But it's faster with QuickTime.)
Note: If GIFConverter runs out of memory trying to load a large JPEG, try
converting the file to GIF with JPEG Convert, then viewing the GIF version.

JPEG Convert, a Mac version of the free IJG JPEG conversion utilities, is
available from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file /info-mac/app/jpeg-convert-10.hqx.
This will run on any Mac, but it only does file conversion, not viewing.
You can use it in conjunction with any GIF viewer.

Previous versions of this FAQ recommended Imagery JPEG v0.6, a JPEG<=>GIF
converter based on an old version of the IJG code.  If you are using this
program, you definitely should replace it with JPEG Convert.

Apple's free program PictPixie can view images in JFIF, QuickTime JPEG, and
GIF format, and can convert between these formats.  You can get PictPixie
from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/qt.1.0.stuff/pictpixie.hqx.
Requires QuickTime.  PictPixie was intended as a developer's tool, and it's
really not the best choice unless you like to fool around with QuickTime.
Some of its drawbacks are that it requires lots of memory, it produces
relatively poor color image quality on anything less than a 24-bit display,
and it has a relatively unfriendly user interface.  Worse, PictPixie is an
unsupported program, meaning it has some minor bugs that Apple does not
intend to fix.  (There is an old version of PictPixie, called
PICTCompressor, floating around the net.  If you have this you should trash
it, as it's even buggier.  Also, the QuickTime Starter Kit includes a much
cleaned-up descendant of PictPixie called Picture Compressor.  Note that
Picture Compressor is NOT free and may not be distributed on the net.)

Storm Technology's Picture Decompress is a free JPEG viewer/converter.
This rather old program is inferior to the above programs in many ways, but
it will run without System 7 or QuickTime, so you may be forced to use it on
older systems.  (It does need 32-bit QuickDraw, so really old machines can't
use it.)  You can get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/app/picture-decompress-201.hqx.  You must set the file type of a
downloaded image file to 'JPEG' to allow Picture Decompress to open it.

If your machine is too old to run 32-bit QuickDraw (a Mac Plus for instance),
GIFConverter is your only choice for single-program JPEG viewing.  If you
don't want to pay for GIFConverter, use JPEG Convert and a free GIF viewer.

More and more commercial Mac applications are supporting JPEG, although not
all can deal with the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Adobe Photoshop, version
2.0.1 or later, can read and write JFIF-format JPEG files (use the JPEG
plug-in from the Acquire menu).  You must set the file type of a downloaded
JPEG file to 'JPEG' to allow Photoshop to recognize it.

Amiga:

(Most programs listed in this section are stored in the AmiNet archive at
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (130.60.80.80).  There are many mirror sites of this
archive and you should try to use the closest one.  In the USA, a good
choice is wuarchive.wustl.edu; look under /mirrors/amiga.physik.unizh.ch/...)

HamLab Plus is an excellent JPEG viewer/converter, as well as being a
general image manipulation tool.  It's cheap (shareware, $20) and can read
several formats besides JPEG.  The current version is 2.0.8.  A demo version
is available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/edit/hamlab208d.lha.  The demo version will crop images larger
than 512x512, but it is otherwise fully functional.

Rend24 (shareware, $30) is an image renderer that can display JPEG, ILBM,
and GIF images.  The program can be used to create animations, even
capturing frames on-the-fly from rendering packages like Lightwave.  The
current version is 1.05, available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror
sites), file amiga/os30/gfx/rend105.lha.  (Note: although this directory is
supposedly for AmigaDOS 3.0 programs, the program will also run under
AmigaDOS 1.3, 2.04 or 2.1.)

Viewtek is a free JPEG/ILBM/GIF/ANIM viewer.  The current version is 1.04,
available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/show/ViewTek104.lha.

If you're willing to spend real money, there are several commercial packages
that support JPEG.  Two are written by Thomas Krehbiel, the author of Rend24
and Viewtek.  These are CineMorph, a standalone image morphing package, and
ImageFX, an impressive 24-bit image capture, conversion, editing, painting,
effects and prepress package that also includes CineMorph.  Both are
distributed by Great Valley Products.  Art Department Professional (ADPro),
from ASDG Inc, is the most widely used commercial image manipulation
software for Amigas.  ImageMaster, from Black Belt Systems, is another
well-regarded commercial graphics package with JPEG support.

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Amigas from
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites) in directory amiga/gfx/conv, file
AmigaJPEGV4.lha.  These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM,GIF,Targa formats.

The Amiga world is heavily infested with quick-and-dirty JPEG programs, many
based on an ancient beta-test version of the free IJG JPEG software (thanks
to a certain magazine that published same on its disk-of-the-month, without
so much as notifying the authors).  Among these are "AugJPEG", "NewAmyJPEG",
"VJPEG", and probably others I have not even heard of.  In my opinion,
anything older than IJG version 3 (March 1992) is not worth the disk space
it's stored on; if you have such a program, trash it and get something newer.

Atari ST:

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Atari ST, TT, etc,
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/jpeg4bin.zoo.
These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM, GIF, Targa formats.

I have not heard of any free or shareware JPEG-capable viewer for Ataris,
but surely there must be one by now?  Pointers appreciated.

Acorn Archimedes:

!ChangeFSI, supplied with RISC OS 3 version 3.10, can convert from and view
JPEG JFIF format.  Provision is also made to convert images to JPEG,
although this must be done from the CLI rather than by double-clicking.

Recent versions (since 7.11) of the shareware program Translator can handle
JPEG, along with about 30 other image formats.  While older versions can be
found on some Archimedes bboards, the current version is only available by
registering with the author, John Kortink, Nutterbrink 31, 7544 WJ, Enschede,
The Netherlands.  Price 35 Dutch guilders (about $22 or 10 pounds).

There's also a commercial product called !JPEG which provides JPEG read/write
functionality and direct JPEG viewing, as well as a host of other image
format conversion and processing options.  This is more expensive but not
necessarily better than the above programs.  Contact: DT Software, FREEPOST,
Cambridge, UK.  Tel: 0223 841099.


Portable software for almost any system:

If none of the above fits your situation, you can obtain and compile the free
JPEG conversion software described in 6B.  You'll also need a viewer program.
If your display is 8 bits or less, any GIF viewer will do fine; if you have a
display with more color capability, try to find a viewer that can read Targa
or PPM 24-bit image files.

There are numerous commercial JPEG offerings, with more popping up every
day.  I recommend that you not spend money on one of these unless you find
the available free or shareware software vastly too slow.  In that case,
purchase a hardware-assisted product.  Ask pointed questions about whether
the product complies with the final JPEG standard and about whether it can
handle the JFIF file format; many of the earliest commercial releases are
not and never will be compatible with anyone else's files.


[6B]  If you are looking for source code to work with:

Free, portable C code for JPEG compression is available from the Independent
JPEG Group, which I lead.  A package containing our source code,
documentation, and some small test files is available from several places.
The "official" archive site for this source code is ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9
or 192.48.96.9).  Look under directory /graphics/jpeg; the current release
is jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z.  (This is a compressed TAR file; don't forget to
retrieve in binary mode.)  You can retrieve this file by FTP or UUCP.
If you are on a PC and don't know how to cope with .tar.Z format, you may
prefer ZIP format, which you can find at Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
above), file msdos/graphics/jpegsrc4.zip.  This file will also be available on
CompuServe, in the GRAPHSUPPORT forum (GO PICS), library 15, as jpsrc4.zip.
If you have no FTP access, you can retrieve the source from your nearest
comp.sources.misc archive; version 4 appeared as issues 55-72 of volume 34.
(If you don't know how to retrieve comp.sources.misc postings, see the FAQ
article "How to find sources", referred to at the top of section 6.)

The free JPEG code provides conversion between JPEG "JFIF" format and image
files in GIF, PBMPLUS PPM/PGM, Utah RLE, and Truevision Targa file formats.
The core compression and decompression modules can easily be reused in other
programs, such as image viewers.  The package is highly portable; we have
tested it on many machines ranging from PCs to Crays.

We have released this software for both noncommercial and commercial use.
Companies are welcome to use it as the basis for JPEG-related products.
We do not ask a royalty, although we do ask for an acknowledgement in
product literature (see the README file in the distribution for details).
We hope to make this software industrial-quality --- although, as with
anything that's free, we offer no warranty and accept no liability.

The Independent JPEG Group is a volunteer organization; if you'd like to
contribute to improving our software, you are welcome to join.


[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?

Most people don't have full-color (24 bit per pixel) display hardware.
Typical display hardware stores 8 or fewer bits per pixel, so it can display
256 or fewer distinct colors at a time.  To display a full-color image, the
computer must map the image into an appropriate set of representative
colors.  This process is called "color quantization".  (This is something
of a misnomer, "color selection" would be a better term.  We're stuck with
the standard usage though.)

Clearly, color quantization is a lossy process.  It turns out that for most
images, the details of the color quantization algorithm have MUCH more impact
on the final image quality than do any errors introduced by JPEG (except at
the very lowest JPEG quality settings).

Since JPEG is a full-color format, converting a color JPEG image for display
on 8-bit-or-less hardware requires color quantization.  This is true for
*all* color JPEGs: even if you feed a 256-or-less-color GIF into JPEG, what
comes out of the decompressor is *not* 256 colors, but thousands of colors.
This happens because JPEG's lossiness affects each pixel a little
differently, so two pixels that started with identical colors will probably
come out with slightly different colors.  Each original color gets "smeared"
into a group of nearby colors.  Therefore quantization is always required to
display a color JPEG on a colormapped display, regardless of the image
source.  The only way to avoid quantization is to ask for gray-scale output.

(Incidentally, because of this effect it's nearly meaningless to talk about
the number of colors used by a JPEG image.  Even if you attempted to count
the number of distinct pixel values, different JPEG decoders would give you
different results because of roundoff error differences.  I occasionally see
posted images described as "256-color JPEG".  This tells me that the poster
(a) hasn't read this FAQ and (b) probably converted the JPEG from a GIF.
JPEGs can be classified as color or gray-scale (just like photographs), but
number of colors just isn't a useful concept for JPEG.)

On the other hand, a GIF image by definition has already been quantized to
256 or fewer colors.  (A GIF *does* have a definite number of colors in its
palette, and the format doesn't allow more than 256 palette entries.)
For purposes of Usenet picture distribution, GIF has the advantage that the
sender precomputes the color quantization, so recipients don't have to.
This is also the *disadvantage* of GIF: you're stuck with the sender's
quantization.  If the sender quantized to a different number of colors than
what you can display, you have to re-quantize, resulting in much poorer
image quality than if you had quantized once from a full-color image.
Furthermore, if the sender didn't use a high-quality color quantization
algorithm, you're out of luck.

For this reason, JPEG offers the promise of significantly better image quality
for all users whose machines don't match the sender's display hardware.
JPEG's full color image can be quantized to precisely match the user's display
hardware.  Furthermore, you will be able to take advantage of future
improvements in quantization algorithms (there is a lot of active research in
this area), or purchase better display hardware, to get a better view of JPEG
images you already have.  With a GIF, you're stuck forevermore with what was
sent.

It's also worth mentioning that many GIF-viewing programs include rather
shoddy quantization routines.  If you view a 256-color GIF on a 16-color EGA
display, for example, you are probably getting a much worse image than you
need to.  This is partly an inevitable consequence of doing two color
quantizations (one to create the GIF, one to display it), but often it's
also due to sloppiness.  JPEG conversion programs will be forced to use
high quality quantizers in order to get acceptable results at all, and in
normal use they will quantize directly to the number of colors to be
displayed.  Thus, JPEG is likely to provide better results than the average
GIF program for low-color-resolution displays as well as high-resolution ones!

Finally, an ever-growing number of people have better-than-8-bit display
hardware already: 15-bit "hi-color" PC displays, true 24-bit displays on
workstations and Macintoshes, etc.  For these people, GIF is already
obsolete, as it cannot represent an image to the full capabilities of their
display.  JPEG images can drive these displays much more effectively.
Thus, JPEG is an all-around better choice than GIF for representing images
in a machine-independent fashion.


[8]  How does JPEG work?

The buzz-words to know are chrominance subsampling, discrete cosine
transforms, coefficient quantization, and Huffman or arithmetic entropy
coding.  This article's long enough already, so I'm not going to say more
than that here.  For technical information, see the comp.compression FAQ.
This is available from the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu, in files
/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq/part[1-3].  If you need help in
using the news.answers archive, see the top of this article.


[9]  What about lossless JPEG?

There's a great deal of confusion on this subject.  The JPEG committee did
define a truly lossless compression algorithm, i.e., one that guarantees the
final output is bit-for-bit identical to the original input.  However, this
lossless mode has almost nothing in common with the regular, lossy JPEG
algorithm, and it offers much less compression.  At present, very few
implementations of lossless JPEG exist, and all of them are commercial.

Saying "-Q 100" to the free JPEG software DOES NOT get you a lossless image.
What it does get rid of is deliberate information loss in the coefficient
quantization step.  There is still a good deal of information loss in the
color subsampling step.  (With the V4 free JPEG code, you can also say
"-sample 1x1" to turn off subsampling.  Keep in mind that many commercial
JPEG implementations cannot cope with the resulting file.)

Even with both quantization and subsampling turned off, the regular JPEG
algorithm is not lossless, because it is subject to roundoff errors in
various calculations.  The maximum error is a few counts in any one pixel
value; it's highly unlikely that this could be perceived by the human eye,
but it might be a concern if you are doing machine processing of an image.

At this minimum-loss setting, regular JPEG produces files that are perhaps
half the size of an uncompressed 24-bit-per-pixel image.  True lossless JPEG
provides roughly the same amount of compression, but it guarantees
bit-for-bit accuracy.

If you have an application requiring lossless storage of images with less
than 6 bits per pixel (per color component), you may want to look into the
JBIG bilevel image compression standard.  This performs better than JPEG
lossless on such images.  JPEG lossless is superior to JBIG on images with
6 or more bits per pixel; furthermore, JPEG is public domain (at least with a
Huffman back end), while the JBIG techniques are heavily covered by patents.


[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?

Strictly speaking, JPEG refers only to a family of compression algorithms;
it does *not* refer to a specific image file format.  The JPEG committee was
prevented from defining a file format by turf wars within the international
standards organizations.

Since we can't actually exchange images with anyone else unless we agree on
a common file format, this leaves us with a problem.  In the absence of
official standards, a number of JPEG program writers have just gone off to
"do their own thing", and as a result their programs aren't compatible with
anybody else's.

The closest thing we have to a de-facto standard JPEG format is some work
that's been coordinated by people at C-Cube Microsystems.  They have defined
two JPEG-based file formats:
  * JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), a "low-end" format that transports
    pixels and not much else.
  * TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, an extension of the Aldus TIFF format.  TIFF is
    a "high-end" format that will let you record just about everything you
    ever wanted to know about an image, and a lot more besides :-).  TIFF is
    a lot more complex than JFIF, and may well prove less transportable,
    because different vendors have historically implemented slightly different
    and incompatible subsets of TIFF.  It's not likely that adding JPEG to the
    mix will do anything to improve this situation.
Both of these formats were developed with input from all the major vendors
of JPEG-related products; it's reasonably likely that future commercial
products will adhere to one or both standards.

I believe that Usenet should adopt JFIF as the replacement for GIF in
picture postings.  JFIF is simpler than TIFF and is available now; the
TIFF 6.0 spec has only recently been officially adopted, and it is still
unusably vague on some crucial details.  Even when TIFF/JPEG is well
defined, the JFIF format is likely to be a widely supported "lowest common
denominator"; TIFF/JPEG files may never be as transportable.

A particular case that people may be interested in is Apple's QuickTime
software for the Macintosh.  QuickTime uses a JFIF-compatible format wrapped
inside the Mac-specific PICT structure.  Conversion between JFIF and
QuickTime JPEG is pretty straightforward, and several Mac programs are
available to do it (see Mac portion of section 6A).  If you have an editor
that handles binary files, you can strip a QuickTime JPEG PICT down to JFIF
by hand; see section 11 for details.

Another particular case is Handmade Software's programs (GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF and
Image Alchemy).  These programs are capable of reading and writing JFIF
format.  By default, though, they write a proprietary format developed by
HSI.  This format is NOT readable by any non-HSI programs and should not be
used for Usenet postings.  Use the -j switch to get JFIF output.  (This
applies to old versions of these programs; the current releases emit JFIF
format by default.  You still should be careful not to post HSI-format
files, unless you want to get flamed by people on non-PC platforms.)


[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?

If you have an alleged JPEG file that your software won't read, it's likely
to be HSI format or some other proprietary JPEG-based format.  You can tell
what you have by inspecting the first few bytes of the file:

1.  A JFIF-standard file will start with the characters (hex) FF D8 FF E0,
    followed by two variable bytes (often hex 00 10), followed by 'JFIF'.

2.  If you see FF D8 at the start, but not the rest of it, you may have a
    "raw JPEG" file.  This is probably decodable as-is by JFIF software ---
    it's worth a try, anyway.

3.  HSI files start with 'hsi1'.  You're out of luck unless you have HSI
    software.  Portions of the file may look like plain JPEG data, but they
    won't decompress properly with non-HSI programs.

4.  A Macintosh PICT file, if JPEG-compressed, will have a couple hundred
    bytes of header followed by a JFIF header (scan for 'JFIF').  Strip off
    everything before the FF D8 and you should be able to read it.

5.  Anything else: it's a proprietary format, or not JPEG at all.  If you are
    lucky, the file may consist of a header and a raw JPEG data stream.
    If you can identify the start of the JPEG data stream (look for FF D8),
    try stripping off everything before that.

In uuencoded Usenet postings, the characteristic JFIF pattern is

	"begin" line
	M_]C_X ...

whereas uuencoded HSI files will start with

	"begin" line
	M:'-I ...

If you learn to check for the former, you can save yourself the trouble of
downloading non-JFIF files.


[12]  What about arithmetic coding?

The JPEG spec defines two different "back end" modules for the final output
of compressed data: either Huffman coding or arithmetic coding is allowed.
The choice has no impact on image quality, but arithmetic coding usually
produces a smaller compressed file.  On typical images, arithmetic coding
produces a file 5 or 10 percent smaller than Huffman coding.  (All the
file-size numbers previously cited are for Huffman coding.)

Unfortunately, the particular variant of arithmetic coding specified by the
JPEG standard is subject to patents owned by IBM, AT&T, and Mitsubishi.
Thus *you cannot legally use arithmetic coding* unless you obtain licenses
from these companies.  (The "fair use" doctrine allows people to implement
and test the algorithm, but actually storing any images with it is dubious
at best.)

At least in the short run, I recommend that people not worry about
arithmetic coding; the space savings isn't great enough to justify the
potential legal hassles.  In particular, arithmetic coding *should not*
be used for any images to be exchanged on Usenet.

There is some small chance that the legal situation may change in the
future.  Stay tuned for further details.


[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?

It would be nice if, having compressed an image with JPEG, you could
decompress it, manipulate it (crop off a border, say), and recompress it
without any further image degradation beyond what you lost initially.
Unfortunately THIS IS NOT THE CASE.  In general, recompressing an altered
image loses more information, though usually not as much as was lost the
first time around.

The next best thing would be that if you decompress an image and recompress
it *without changing it* then there is no further loss, i.e., you get an
identical JPEG file.  Even this is not true; at least, not with the current
free JPEG software.  It's essentially a problem of accumulation of roundoff
error.  If you repeatedly compress and decompress, the image will eventually
degrade to where you can see visible changes from the first-generation
output.  (It usually takes many such cycles to get visible change.)
One of the things on our to-do list is to see if accumulation of error can
be avoided or limited, but I am not optimistic about it.

In any case, the most that could possibly be guaranteed would be that
compressing the unmodified full-color output of djpeg, at the original
quality setting, would introduce no further loss.  Even such simple changes
as cropping off a border could cause further roundoff-error degradation.
(If you're wondering why, it's because the pixel-block boundaries move.
If you cropped off only multiples of 16 pixels, you might be safe, but
that's a mighty limited capability!)

The bottom line is that JPEG is a useful format for archival storage and
transmission of images, but you don't want to use it as an intermediate
format for sequences of image manipulation steps.  Use a lossless format
(PPM, RLE, TIFF, etc) while working on the image, then JPEG it when you are
ready to file it away.  Aside from avoiding degradation, you will save a lot
of compression/decompression time this way :-).


[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

As stated earlier, you *will* lose some amount of image information if you
convert an existing GIF image to JPEG.  If you can obtain the original
full-color data the GIF was made from, it's far better to make a JPEG from
that.  But if you need to save space and have only the GIF to work from,
here are some suggestions for getting maximum space savings with minimum
loss of quality.

The first rule when converting a GIF library is to look at each JPEG, to
make sure you are happy with it, before throwing away the corresponding GIF;
that will give you a chance to re-do the conversion with a higher quality
setting if necessary.  Some GIFs may be better left as GIFs, as explained in
section 3; in particular, cartoon-type GIFs with sixteen or fewer colors
don't convert well.  You may find that a JPEG file of reasonable quality
will be *larger* than the GIF.  (So check the sizes too.)

Experience to date suggests that large, high-visual-quality GIFs are the best
candidates for conversion to JPEG.  They chew up the most storage so offer
the most potential savings, and they convert to JPEG with least degradation.
Don't waste your time converting any GIF much under 100 Kbytes.  Also, don't
expect JPEG files converted from GIFs to be as small as those created
directly from full-color originals.  To maintain image quality you may have
to let the converted files be as much as twice as big as straight-through
JPEG files would be (i.e., shoot for 1/2 or 1/3rd the size of the GIF file,
not 1/4th as suggested in earlier comparisons).

Many people have developed an odd habit of putting a large constant-color
border around a GIF image.  While useless, this was nearly free in terms of
storage cost in GIF files.  It is NOT free in JPEG files, and the sharp
border boundary can create visible artifacts ("ghost" edges).  Do yourself
a favor and crop off any border before JPEGing.  (If you are on an X Windows
system, XV's manual and automatic cropping functions are a very painless
way to do this.)

cjpeg's default Q setting of 75 is appropriate for full-color input, but
for GIF inputs, Q settings of 85 to 95 often seem to be necessary to avoid
image degradation.  (If you apply smoothing as suggested below, the higher
Q setting may not be necessary.)

Color GIFs of photographs or complex artwork are usually "dithered" to fool
your eye into seeing more than the 256 colors that GIF can actually store.
If you enlarge the image, you will see that adjacent pixels are often of
significantly different colors; at normal size the eye averages these pixels
together to produce the illusion of an intermediate color value.  The
trouble with dithering is that, to JPEG, it looks like high-spatial-frequency
color noise; and JPEG can't compress noise very well.  The resulting JPEG
file is both larger and of lower image quality than what you would have
gotten from JPEGing the original full color image (if you had it).
To get around this, you want to "smooth" the GIF image before compression.
Smoothing averages together nearby pixels, thus approximating the color that
you thought you saw anyway, and in the process getting rid of the rapid
color changes that give JPEG trouble.  Appropriate use of smoothing will
often let you avoid using a high Q factor, thus further reducing the size of
the compressed file, while still obtaining a better-looking output image
than you'd get without smoothing.

With the V4 free JPEG software (or products based on it), a simple smoothing
capability is built in.  Try "-smooth 10" or so when converting GIFs.
Values of 10 to 25 seem to work well for high-quality GIFs.  Heavy-handed
dithering may require larger smoothing factors.  (If you can see regular
fine-scale patterns on the GIF image even without enlargement, then strong
smoothing is definitely called for.)  Too large a smoothing factor will blur
the output image, which you don't want.  If you are an image processing
wizard, you can also do smoothing with a separate filtering program, such as
pnmconvol from the PBMPLUS package.  However, cjpeg's built-in smoother is
a LOT faster than pnmconvol...

The upshot of all this is that "cjpeg -quality 85 -smooth 10" is probably a
good starting point for converting GIFs.  But if you really care about the
image, you'll want to check the results and maybe try a few other settings.


---------------------

For more information about JPEG in general or the free JPEG software in
particular, contact the Independent JPEG Group at jpeg-info@uunet.uu.net.

-- 
			tom lane
			organizer, Independent JPEG Group
Internet: tgl@cs.cmu.edu	BITNET: tgl%cs.cmu.edu@carnegie

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38404
From: uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Well, the temp file thing creates an obvious problem: it is impossible to use
cview for viewing CD-ROM based picture collections. And it is the ONLY non-
windows viewer that works properly with my Cirrus-based 24 bit VGA.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38405
From: uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams)
Subject: Re: CView answers

re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
didrectory?


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38406
From: full_gl@pts.mot.com (Glen Fullmer)
Subject: Needed: Plotting package that does...

Looking for a graphics/CAD/or-whatever package on a X-Unix box that will
take a file with records like:

n  a  b  p

where n = a count  - integer 
      a = entity a - string
      b = entity b - string
      p = type     - string

and produce a networked graph with nodes represented with boxes or circles
and the vertices represented by lines and the width of the line determined by
n.  There would be a different line type for each type of vertice. The boxes
need to be identified with the entity's name.  The number of entities < 1000
and vertices < 100000.  It would be nice if the tool minimized line
cross-overs and did a good job of layout.  ;-)

  I have looked in the FAQ for comp.graphics and gnuplot without success. Any
ideas would be appreciated?

Thanks,
--
Glen Fullmer,          glen_fullmer@pts.mot.com,                  (407)364-3296
*******************************************************************************
*  "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence                 *
*   over public relations, for Nature cannot be fooled." - Richard P. Feynman *
*******************************************************************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38407
From: mscrap@halcyon.com (Marta Lyall)
Subject: Re: Video in/out

Organization: "A World of Information at your Fingertips"
Keywords: 

In article <628@toontown.columbiasc.ncr.com> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson) writes:
>
>I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
>advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
>I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
>What cards should I be looking into?
>
>Thanks,
>Craig
>
>-- 
>                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
>-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
> Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers


Craig,

You should still consider the Targa+. I run windows 3.1 on it all the
time at work and it works fine. I think all you need is the right
driver. 

Josh West  
email: mscrap@halcyon.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38408
Subject: .GL and .FLI specs
From: arthur@qedbbs.com (Arthur Choung)

Can somebody point out to me where I can find the specs for .GL and .FLI files
found on PC's?

------------------------------
arthur@qedbbs.com (Arthur Choung)  or  qed!arthur
The QED BBS -- (310)420-9327

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38409
From: DonH@cup.portal.com (Don - Hirschfeld)
Subject: Re: MS-Windows graphics viewer?

Check out Image Pals v1.2 from U-Lead (until May, special $99 intro price,
310-523-9393). It has the basic image processing tools for all major formats,
does screen grabbing, and allows all your image files to be calalogged into
a thumbnail database. It's great!


Don

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38410
From: ccgwt@trentu.ca (Grant Totten)
Subject: Re: MS-Windows Screen Grabber (summary)


Hi again,

Many thanks to all the people who responded to my request for a MS-
Windows screen grabber.  It proves to me AGAIN that the net is a 
wonderful thing.  :-)

So, in summary:

There are two choices:

1)	Various screen grabber packages (Corel Draw has one, there are
a couple on simtel and cica).

2)	Use the built-in PrintScreen and Alt-PrintScreen functionality
to paste the screen (or window) to the clipboard.  Then paste the 
clipboard to your application.  Cool!

Again, thanks for the info...

Grant (the MS-Windows newbie -- Unix and X are my bag ;-)

--
Grant Totten, Programmer/Analyst, Trent University, Peterborough Ontario
GTotten@TrentU.CA            Phone: (705) 748-1653   FAX: (705) 748-1246
========================================================================
A woman's place is in the wrong.
		-- James Thurber

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38411
From: tychay@cco.caltech.edu (Terrence Y. Chay)
Subject: TIFF (NeXT Appsoft draw) -> GIF conversion?

Okay all my friends are bitching at me that the map I made in Appsoft Draw
can't be displayed in "xv"... I checked... It's true, at least with version
1.0.  My readers on the NeXT have very little trouble on it (Preview messes
up the .eps, but does fine with the TIFF and ImageViewer0.9a behaves with
flying colors except it doesn't convert worth *&^^% ;-) )

  Please is there any way I can convert this .drw from Appsoft 1.0 on the NeXT
to something more reasonable like .gif?  I have access to a sun4 and NeXTstep
3.0 systems.  any good reliable conversion programs would be helpful... please
email, I'll post responses if anyone wants me to... please email that to.

Yes I used alphachannel... (god i could choke steve jobs right now ;-) )

Yes i know how to archie, but tell me what to archie for ;-)

Also is there a way to convert to .ps plain format? ImageViiewer0.9 turns
out nothing recognizable....

     terrychay

---
small editorial

-rw-r--r--  1 tychay   2908404 Apr 18 08:03 Undernet.tiff
-rw-r--r--  1 tychay     73525 Apr 18 08:03 Undernet.tiff.Z

and not using gzip! is it me or is there something wrong with this format?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38412
From: disser@engin.umich.edu (David Disser)
Subject: 2D bitmap interpolation


Yesterday I wrote a program to do bilinear interpolation ala Numerical
Recipes, with the PBMPLUS libraries.  I'm pretty happy with the results,
but I'm looking for any already-coded non-linear interpolation schemes
before I go ahead an try to write one.  Any pointers?

--

) Dave Disser                 UM-CAEN User Services         Wealth is wasted
) disser@engin.umich.edu      229 Chrysler Center           on the old.
) (313) 763-3067              Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2092

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38413
From: pbenson@ecst.csuchico.edu (Paul A. Benson)
Subject: CD-ROM Indexes available

The file and contents listings for:

Knowledge Media Resource Library: Graphics 1
Knowledge Media Resource Library: Audio 1

are now available for anonymous FTP from cdrom.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38414
From: dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (Dr. Eldon Tyrell)
Subject: Re: So what is the fastest Windows video c

In article <1993Apr17.054600.24917@exu.ericsson.se> ebuhcb@ebu.ericsson.se writes:
>In article 16APR199309101156@trentu.ca, ayounes@trentu.ca (Amro Younes, Trent University, C.C. #314, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 7B8. (705) 749-0391) writes:
>>I have the ATI GRAPHICS ULTRA PRO EISA version.  I must admit it has 
>>received bad press but that was due to the faulty drivers it had.  
>
>PC Magazine seems to be impressed with the ATI card in their most recent
>reviews.  In the April 13th issue they rate the ATI Graphics Ultra Pro
>(EISA version) as their "Editor's Choice".  They noted that the drivers
>had improved since they tested the ISA version in January...
>                                                            ...Cuyler
Yeah - they also gave it their "Editor's Choice" in the run-down of
graphics accelerators they tested in the previous issue, which is why
I bought (and then returned) mine.  The only conclusion I can come up with
is that PC Magazine has wildly different ways on determining the worthiness
of a video card than I do.

-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38415
From: edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
Subject: HELP! Need JPEG / MPEG encod-decode 

I am involve in a Distant Learning project and am in need
of Jpeg and Mpeg encode/decode source and object code.
This is a NOT-FOR PROFIT project that once completed I
hope to release to other educational and institutional
learning centers.
This project requires that TRUE photographic images be sent
over plain telephone lines. In addition if there is a REAL Good
GUI lib with 3D objects and all types of menu classes that can
be use at both end of the transaction (Server and Terminal End)
I would like to hear about it.
 
We recently posted an RFD announcing the OTG (Open Telematic Group)
that will concern itself with the developement of such application
and that it would incorporate NAPLPS, JPEG, MPEG, Voice, IVR, FAX
Sprites, Animation(fli, flc, etc...).
At present only DOS and UNIX environment is being worked on and it
our hope that we can generate enough interest where all the major
platform can be accomodated via a plaform independent API/TOOLKIT/SDK
We are of the mind that it is about time that such project and group
be form to deal with these issues.
We want to setup a repository where these files may be access such as
Simte20 and start putting together a OTG FAQ.
If you have some or any information that in your opinion would be 
of interest to the OTG community and you like to see included in our
first FAQ please send it email to the address below.
 
Thanks in Advance
 
Ed
P.O. box 95901
Atlanta Ga. 30347-0901
(404)985-1198 zyxel 14.4
epimntl@world.std.com 
ed.pimentel@gisatl.fidonet.org


-- 
edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
gatech!kd4nc!vdbsan!willard!edimg
emory!uumind!willard!edimg
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38417
From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>
Subject: scanned grey to color equations?

A while back someone had several equations which could be used for changing 3 f
iltered grey scale images into one true color image.  This is possible because
it's the same theory used by most color scanners.  I am not looking for the obv
ious solution which is to buy a color scanner but what I do need is those equat
ions becasue I am starting to write software which will automate the conversion
 process.  I would really appreciate it if someone would repost the 3 equations
/3 unknowns.   Thanks for the help!!!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38418
From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: POV .TGA's and SpeedStar 24


I finally got a 24 bit viewer for my POVRAY generated .TGA files.

It was written in C by Sean Malloy and he kindly sent me a copy.  He
wrote it for the same purpose, to view .TGA files using his SpeedStar 24.

It ONLY works with the SpeedStar 24 and I cannot send copies since it is
not my program.  I believe the author may release a version at a future
time when the program is more developed.   He may or may not comment on
this, as he pleases.

Thanks to all who were helpful.

Regards,

Jim Nobles


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38420
From: agiacalo@nmsu.edu (Toni Giacalo)
Subject: need algorithm for reading and displaying bitmap files

I'm making a customized paint program in DOS and need an algorithm
for reading bitmap files like GIF, PCX, or BMP.  Does anyone have
such an algorithm?  I've tried copying one out of a book for reading
.PCX format but it doesn't work.  I will take an algorithm for any
format that can be created from Windows Paint.  
Thanks!
Toni

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38421
From: ken@cs.UAlberta.CA (Huisman Kenneth M)
Subject: images of earth

I am looking for some graphic images of earth shot from space. 
( Preferably 24-bit color, but 256 color .gif's will do ).

Anyways, if anyone knows an FTP site where I can find these, I'd greatly
appreciate it if you could pass the information on.  Thanks.


( please send email ).


Ken Huisman

ken@cs.ualberta.ca


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38422
From: watson@madvax.uwa.oz.au (David Watson)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

In article <1qkgbuINNs9n@shelley.u.washington.edu>, 
bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:
 
|> Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
|> center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  

Finding the circumcenter of a tetrahedron is discussed on page 33 in

CONTOURING: A guide to the analysis and display of spatial data,
by Dave Watson, Pergamon Press,  1992, ISBN 0 08 040286 0, 321p.

Each pair of tetrahedral vertices define a plane which is a 
perpendicular bisector of the line between that pair.  Express each
plane in the form Ax + By + Cz = D
and solve the set of simultaneous equations from any three of those
planes that have a vertex in common (all vertices are used).  
The solution is the circumcenter.

-- 
Dave Watson                          Internet: watson@maths.uwa.edu.au
Department of Mathematics            
The University of Western Australia               Tel: (61 9) 380 3359
Nedlands, WA 6009  Australia.                     FAX: (61 9) 380 1028

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38423
From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: PaintProgram Wanted

Excuse the sheer newbieness of this post, but I am looking for a decent
PaintProgram which will save to various file formats (.BMP  .PCX  etc etc)
via ftp, freeware, or shareware.  I would like to check out the available
programs for little $$ before I check out the commercial market.

Thanks in advance for any help or direction you can give me.

Daemon

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38424
From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Subject: VESA as a graphics standard


In the UIBM PC world, how much of a "standard" has VESA become for
SVGA graphics?  I know there are lots of graphics-board companies out 
there, as well as several graphics chips manufacturers- are they adhering to
the VESA standard, and what effect is/will the VESA Local Bus have on all
of this?
Anyone?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38425
From: egerter@gaul.csd.uwo.ca (Barry Egerter)
Subject: Where's DMORF?

	Could anyone direct me to the FTP site where I can find the DOS-based
morphing package called DMORF12.ZIP?  I had downloaded this file last week,
but the new DOS 6 crashed my hard drive and I lost it. Now I can't find the
site where I got it from.......

Also, are there any other morphing packages out for DOS (freeware or shareware)


Thanks in advance,
Barry

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|       \\          //  _______   _______    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca |
|        \\        //  //            |                                      |
|         \\  /\  //  ||   ___       |       Author of WGT graphics         |
|          \\//\\//   ||     \\      |       toolkit for 320*200*256 VGA    |
|           \/  \/ .   \\____// .    |  .    Version 3.5 Now Available      |
|                                          (Turbo/Borland C++ 1.0 or better)|
|JOYSTICK  MOUSE  GRAPHICS PRIMITIVES  NON-BGI POWER  GIF/PCX  DATA STORAGE |
|SPRITES  MULTIWAY SCROLLING GAMES  BITMAP WARPING/RESIZING  SB SUPPORT  FLI|
\___________________________________________________________________________/
-- 

/---------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|       \\          //  _______   _______    egerter@obelix.gaul.csd.uwo.ca |
|        \\        //  //            |                                      |

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38426
From: bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

I plan to post a summary of responses to this as soon as I have working
code, which I will also include.  The intersection of 3 planes method
looks best, but my implementation based on a short article in 
Graphics Gems I doesn't work.  I may be misinterpreting, of course.

I had avoided the simultaneous solution of the plane equations in favor
of dot and cross products, but the former may actually be better.  In either
case a matrix determinant needs to be computed (implicitly in the solution
of linear equations).

To get the planes, I was taking the midpoint of the line from, say,
P1 to P2, and setting the normal as the "normalized" vector from P1 to P2.
These just plugged into the formula in Graphics Gems.  HOwever, the resulting
center point is only occasionally equidistant from all 4 of my test points
(for different tests).  My matrix/vector math is very rusty, but it looks like
I need to verify the formula, or use the simultaneous equation solution, which
will require bringing in another routine I don't have (but should be easy to
find).

Another method is to first find the center of the circle defined by 2 sets
of 3 points, and intersecting the normals from there.  This would also define
the circle center.  However, small numerical imprecisions would make the
lines not intersect.  Supposedly 3 planes HAVE to intersect in a unique
point if they are not parallel.

Ed

Thanks to all who answered so far.
-- 
Ed Bolson
University of Washington  Cardiovascular Research               (206)543-4535
bolson@u.washington.edu (preferred)
bolson@max.bitnet                bolson@milton.u.washington.edu (if you must)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38427
From: steve@hcrlgw (Steven Collins)
Subject: Sphere from 4 points

>
>Another method is to first find the center of the circle defined by 2 sets
>of 3 points, and intersecting the normals from there.  This would also define
>the circle center.  However, small numerical imprecisions would make the
>lines not intersect.  Supposedly 3 planes HAVE to intersect in a unique
>point if they are not parallel.
>

Having thought about this, why don't you project the 2 lines onto the 2d
plane formed by the lines.  Do an intersection calculation in the plane in
2D, where you're guaranteed a unique solution (unless they're parallel which
won't happen in this case), and then use parametric distance along the lines
from the circle centres to determine the exact point of interest.  This
bypasses the messy error propogation required to do the calculation in 3d.

Hope I haven't put my foot in it again!

steve
---
-- 
+---------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Steven Collins			| email: steve@crl.hitachi.co.jp |
| Visiting Computer Graphics Researcher	| phone: (0423)-23-1111 	 |
| Hitachi Central Research Lab. Tokyo.	| fax:   (0423)-27-7742		 |

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38428
From: ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com>, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado) writes:
> In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu>, Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>
> |>
> |> Ricardo, the animation playback to which Lawrence was referring in an
> |> earlier post is plain old Quicktime 1.5 with the Compact Video codec.
> |> I've seen digitized video (some of Apple's early commercials, to be
> |> precise) running on a Centris 650 at about 30fps very nicely (16-bit
> |> color depth). I would expect that using the same algorithm, a RISC
> |> processor should be able to approach full-screen full-motion animation,
> |> though as you've implied, the processor will be taxed more with highly
> |> dynamic material.
>
>
>    Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
> but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
> claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
> those for c.s.m.a :-) )
>
>    I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had a
> booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
> using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the spot
> quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
> (1.5).

That is in fact the current version (it only came out in December).

>    They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played back quite
> nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to 25x by
> 3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice that it
> wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then he
> increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps.
>
>    Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra (don't know
> what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the Quicktime
> could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.
>
>    Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was having
> a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This was
> from memory!

My test movie was created at 320*240 resolution, it wasn't being scaled up.
Scaling was a very CPU-intensive operation with the original QuickTime (1.0);
the current version has optimizations for ratios like 4:1 (160*120 -> 320*240),
but even so, I'm prepared to believe that the performance isn't as good as
with playing back an actual 320*240 movie. I haven't done any numerical
measurements for scaled playback.

Lawrence D'Oliveiro                       fone: +64-7-856-2889
Computer Services Dept                     fax: +64-7-838-4066
University of Waikato            electric mail: ldo@waikato.ac.nz
Hamilton, New Zealand    37^ 47' 26" S, 175^ 19' 7" E, GMT+12:00

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38429
From: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu (Ed Stastny)
Subject: Chaos Editions: IDEA (Internation Directory of Electronic Arts)

I've borrowed the 1992-93 version of this book from a friend...holy
moley!  What a wealth of contacts.  Five-hundred pages of information
about electronic artists and organizations around the globe (many have
email addresses).  An up to the minute database of this information is
also available on Minitel (the book's based in France...are there any
Internet=>Minitel gates?).  The book is printed in French and English.
 
To have you or your organization listed in IDEA, just send your
information to:
 
Annick Bureaud
IDEA
57, rue Falguiere
75015 Paris
France
 
It's free to be listed in it, I'm not sure how widely distributed the
book is or how much it costs.  I'm not affiliated with them in any way,
I was just impressed by their collection of organizations and artists.
I highly encourage all involved in electronic media (video, music,
graphics, animation, etc.) to send in your entry and encourage them to
make their database available on Internet.
 
...e

--
Ed Stastny           | OTIS Project, END PROCESS, SOUND News and Arts 
PO BX 241113	     | FTP: sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS)
Omaha, NE 68124-1113 |      141.214.4.135 (projects/otis)
---------------------- EMail: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu, ed@sunsite.unc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38430
From: jhwitten@cs.ruu.nl (Jurriaan Wittenberg)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <1993Apr18.230732.27804@kakwa.ucs.ualberta.ca> ken@cs.UAlberta.CA (Huisman Kenneth M) writes:

>I am looking for some graphic images of earth shot from space. 
>( Preferably 24-bit color, but 256 color .gif's will do ).
>
>Anyways, if anyone knows an FTP site where I can find these, I'd greatly
>appreciate it if you could pass the information on.  Thanks.
>
>
Try FTP-ing at
 pub-info.jpl.nasa.gov  (128.149.6.2) (simple dir-structure)

and  ames.arc.nasa.gov
at /pub/SPACE/GIF and /pub/SPACE/JPEG
sorry only 8 bits gifs and jpegs :-( great piccy's though (try the *x.gif
files they're semi-huge gif89a files)
                           ^^-watch out gif89a dead ahead!!!
Good-luck (good software to be found out-there too)

Jurriaan

JHWITTEN@CS.RUU.NL 
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
|----=|=-<- - - - - - JHWITTEN@CS.RUU.NL- - - - - - - - - - - - ->-=|=----|
|----=|=-<-Jurriaan Wittenberg- - -Department of ComputerScience->-=|=----|
|____/|\_________Utrecht_________________The Netherlands___________/|\____|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38431
From: neideck@nestvx.enet.dec.com (Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <2BD07605.18974@news.service.uci.edu> rbarris@orion.oac.uci.edu (Robert C. Barris) writes:
>I'm not sure how a Centris/20MHz 040 stacks up against the 25 MHz ARM in
>the 3DO box. Obviously the ARM is faster, but how much?

Why would it have to be much faster (it probably is) ? Assuming an ARM
is about as efficient as a MIPS R3000 for integer calculations, doing
a Compact-Video-like digital video codec is an easy task. For Software
Motion Pictures (which is a lot like Compact Video, though it predates
it), we get 48 frames/sec. at 320x240 on a DECstation 5000/200. That
machine has a 25 Mhz MIPS R3000. 

		Burkhard Neidecker-Lutz

Distributed Multimedia Group, CEC Karlsruhe          EERP Portfolio Manager
Software Motion Pictures & BERKOM II Project         Multimedia Base Technology
Digital Equipment Corporation
neidecker@nestvx.enet.dec.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38432
From: alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

spworley@netcom.com (Steve Worley) writes:

>bolson@carson.u.washington.edu (Edward Bolson) writes:

>>Boy, this will be embarassing if it is trivial or an FAQ:

>>Given 4 points (non coplanar), how does one find the sphere, that is,
>>center and radius, exactly fitting those points?  I know how to do it
>>for a circle (from 3 points), but do not immediately see a 
>>straightforward way to do it in 3-D.  I have checked some
>>geometry books, Graphics Gems, and Farin, but am still at a loss?
>>Please have mercy on me and provide the solution?  

>It's not a bad question: I don't have any refs that list this algorithm
>either. But thinking about it a bit, it shouldn't be too hard.

>1) Take three of the points and find the plane they define as well as
>the circle that they lie on (you say you have this algorithm already)

>2) Find the center  of this circle. The line passing through this center
>perpendicular to the plane of the three points passes through the center of
>the sphere.

>3) Repeat with the unused point and two of the original points. This
>gives you two different lines that both pass through the sphere's
>origin. Their interection is the center of the sphere.

>4) the radius is easy to compute, it's just the distance from the center to
>any of the original points.

>I'll leave the math to you, but this is a workable algorithm. :-)

Good I had a bad feeling about this problem because of a special case
with no solution that worried me.

Four coplanar points in the shape of a square have no unique sphere 
that they are on the surface of.
Similarly 4 colinear point have no finite sized sphere that they are on the
surface of.

These algorithms being geometrical designed rather than algebraically design
meet these problems neatly.

When determining which plane the 3 points are on if they are colinear
the algorithm should afil or return infinite R.
When intersecting the two lines there are 2 possibilities
they are the same line  (the 4 points were on a planar circle)
they are different lines but parallel. There is a sphere of in radius.

This last case can be achieved with 3 colinier points and any 4th point
by taking the 4th point and pairs of the first 3 parallel lines will be produced

it can also be achieved by

If all 4 points are coplanar but are not on one circle. 

It seems to me that the algorithm only fails when the 4 points are coplanar.
The algorithm always fails when the points are coplanar.
(4 points being colinear => coplanar)

Testing if the 4th point is coplanar when the plane of the first 3 points
has been found is trivial.


>An alternate method would be to take pairs of points: the plane formed
>by the perpendicular bisector of each line segment pair also contains the
>center of the sphere. Three pairs will form three planes, intersecting
>at a point. This might be easier to implement.

>-Steve
>spworley@netcom.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38433
From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: images of earth

Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
the image subject.	

Rick

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38434
From: sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum)
Subject: Re: CView answers

renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: A very kind soul has mailed me this reply for the bugs in CView.
: Since he isn't in the position to post this himself, he asked me to post
: it for him, but to leave his name out. So here it comes:
: 
: CView has quite a number of bugs.  The one you mention is perhaps the most
:
A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
Thanks!
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38435
From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:

>A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
>am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
>Thanks!
> 

Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
doc, image viewers like xv, etc.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38436
From: bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In <1qlobb$p5a@tuegate.tue.nl> renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
[Most info regarding dangers of reading from Floppy disks omitted]
>unrevcoverable way.  SO BE CAREFUL!  It is incredibly poor programming for a
>program to do this.  On the other hand, when choosing files in the Open Files
>menu, CView insists on doing a few disk reads every time one moves the
>hi-lighter square.  Incredibly annoying when it could do them all at once
>when it gets the directory info.  And really, how much effort does it take to
>sort a directory listing?

In all fairness, how many people do you know personally who read images
from Floppy drives?  I haven't tried it with JPEGs, but I do realize how
agonizingly slow it is with GIF files.  

Nevertheless, it is an important bug that needs to be squashed.  I am
merely pointing out that it was probably overlooked.  While it is serious,
one must keep in mind that it will probably affect at most 5% of the
targeted users of CView.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38437
From: cb@wixer.bga.com (Cyberspace Buddha)
Subject: Re: CView answers

renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
>"current directory".

I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

just my $0.13,
cb
-- 
 Cyberspace Buddha { Why are you looking for more knowledge when you  } /(o\
 cb@wixer.bga.com   \ do not pay attention to what you already know? /  \o)/
 cb@wixer.cactus.org }   "get out of my chair!" -- Hillary to god   { peace...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38438
From: N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu
Subject: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

    Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
forms a rectangular grid.
   Please post your replies to the net so that others may benefit. IMHO, this
is a general interest question.
   Thank you!!!!!!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38439
From: d91-hes@tekn.hj.se (STEFAN HERMANSSON)
Subject: re: Vesa on the Speedstar 24



	Just posting to John Cormack.
I wanted to tell you that there is a "slight" difference between 
Speedstar 24 and Speedstar 24X


						/Stefan

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38440
From: sd345@city.ac.uk (Michael Collier)
Subject: Converting images to HP LaserJet III?

Does anyone know of a good way (standard PC application/PD utility) to
convert tif/img/tga files into LaserJet III format.  We would also like to
do the same, converting to HPGL (HP plotter) files.

Please email any response.

Is this the correct group?

Thanks in advance.  Michael.
-- 
Michael Collier (Programmer)                 The Computer Unit,
Email: M.P.Collier@uk.ac.city                The City University,
Tel: 071 477-8000 x3769                      London,
Fax: 071 477-8565                            EC1V 0HB.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38441
From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: comp.graphics.programmer

Hello netters

Sorry, I don't know if this is the right way of doing this kind of thing,
probably should be a CFV, but since I don't have tha ability to create a 
news group myself, I just want to start the discussion. 

I enjoy reading c.g very much, but I often find it difficult to sort out what
I'm interested in. Everything from screen-drivers, graphics cards, graphics
programming and graphics programs are discused here. What I'd like is a 
comp.graphics.programmer news group.
What do you other think.


Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38442
From: razor@swix.nvg.unit.no (Runar Jordahl)
Subject: Re: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu wrote:
:     Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
: a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
: the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
: forms a rectangular grid.
:    Please post your replies to the net so that others may benefit. IMHO, this
: is a general interest question.
:    Thank you!!!!!!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38443
From: sp1marse@lina (Marco Seirio)
Subject: Surface intersections


I have a problem with intersections between two surfaces.
Does anybody have a easy to understand algorithm for that or maybe
even C source??


      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.s

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38444
From: froument@lifl.lifl.fr (Froumentin Max)
Subject: WANTED: Atomic Energy Res. Establishment (UK) techreport

I'm looking for the following paper:

Marlow, S. and Powell, M.J.D.
A FORTRAN subroutine for plotting the part of a conic that is inside a given
triangle. Rep. R-8336, Atomic Energy Res. Establishment, Harwell, England
1976

Or anything related (including 3D cases)
 Max
--
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Max Froumentin                    |
Laboratoire d'Informatique        |  "Always better, never first."         
Fondamentale de Lille             |         - Tigran Petrossian
France                            |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38445
From: roell@informatik.tu-muenchen.de (Thomas Roell)
Subject: Re: 24 bit Graphics cards

>I am looking for EISA or VESA local bus graphic cards that support at least 
>1024x786x24 resolution.  I know Matrox has one, but it is very
>expensive. All the other cards I know of, that support that
>resoultion, are striaght ISA. 

What about the ELSA WINNER4000 (S3 928, Bt485, 4MB, EISA), or the
Metheus Premier-4VL (S3 928, Bt485, 4MB, ISA/VL) ?

>Also are there any X servers for a unix PC that support 24 bits?

As it just happens, SGCS has a Xserver (X386 1.4) that does
1024x768x24 on those cards. Please email to info@sgcs.com for more
details.

- Thomas
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Das Reh springt hoch, 				e-mail: roell@sgcs.com
das Reh springt weit,				#include <sys/pizza.h>
was soll es tun, es hat ja Zeit ...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38446
From: dwestner@cardhu.mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Dominik Westner)
Subject: need a viewer for gl files

Hi, 

the subject says it all. Is there a PD viewer for gl files (for X)?

Thanks


Dominik



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38447
From: hahm@fossi.hab-weimar.de (peter hahm)
Subject: Radiosity



RADIOSITY SOURCES WANTED !!!
============================

When I read the comp.graphics group, I never found something about 
radiosity. Is there anybody interested in out there? I would be glad 
to hear from somebody.
I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method. I have already
read common literature, e. g.Foley ... . I think little examples could 
help me to understand how radiosity works. Common languages ( C, C++, 
Pascal) prefered.
I hope you will help me!

Yours
Peter 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38448
From: ezzie@lucs2.lancs.ac.uk (One of those daze...)
Subject: Borland turbo C libraries for S3 graphics card

I've recently got hold of a PC with an S3 card in it, and I'd like to do some
C programming with it, are there any libraries out there that will let me
access the high resolution modes available via Borland Turbo C?

	Andy

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38449
From: amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann)
Subject: Re: Radiosity

In article 16598@rz.uni-jena.de, hahm@fossi.hab-weimar.de (peter hahm) writes:
>
>
>RADIOSITY SOURCES WANTED !!!
>============================
>
>When I read the comp.graphics group, I never found something about 
>radiosity. Is there anybody interested in out there? I would be glad 
>to hear from somebody.
>I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method. I have already
>read common literature, e. g.Foley ... . I think little examples could 
>help me to understand how radiosity works. Common languages ( C, C++, 
>Pascal) prefered.
>I hope you will help me!
>
>Yours
>Peter 
>


Peter,  there's a radiosity package ahead. The only problem is: there 
are a few miles to sail ... ;-^

Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
I finished it. 

That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least) 
to finish it. 

In the meantime you may have a look at the file
  Radiosity_code.tar.Z
located at
  compute1.cc.ncsu.edu

(there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)

Hope that'll help.

Yours

Stephan



----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Stephan Amann     SIG Computer Graphics, University of Berne, Switzerland
           amann@iam.unibe.ch
	   Tel +41 31 65 46 79	   Fax +41 31 65 39 65

 Projects: Radiosity, Raytracing, Computer Graphics

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38450
From: chris@zeus.alta-oh.com (Chris Murphy)
Subject: Re: Needed: Plotting package that does...

In article <FULL_GL.93Apr18005752@dolphin.pts.mot.com>, full_gl@pts.mot.com (Glen Fullmer) writes:
|> Looking for a graphics/CAD/or-whatever package on a X-Unix box that will
|> take a file with records like:
|> 
|> n  a  b  p
|> 
|> where n = a count  - integer 
|>       a = entity a - string
|>       b = entity b - string
|>       p = type     - string
|> 
|> and produce a networked graph with nodes represented with boxes or circles
|> and the vertices represented by lines and the width of the line determined by
|> n.  There would be a different line type for each type of vertice. The boxes
|> need to be identified with the entity's name.  The number of entities < 1000
|> and vertices < 100000.  It would be nice if the tool minimized line
|> cross-overs and did a good job of layout.  ;-)
|> 
|>   I have looked in the FAQ for comp.graphics and gnuplot without success. Any
|> ideas would be appreciated?
|> 
|> Thanks,
|> --
|> Glen Fullmer,          glen_fullmer@pts.mot.com,                  (407)364-3296
|> 

Hi,
  See Roger Grywalski's response to :

Re: Help on network visualization

in comp.graphics.visualization.

Amongst other things, it does exactly this!

-- 
Chris Murphy    -   chris@alta-oh.com
(614) 792-2222      Columbus. OH.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38452
From: Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu>
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

First off: Thanks to all who have filled me in on the existence of the
68070. I assumed rashly that the particular number would be reserved for
further enhancements to the Motorola line, rather than meted out to
another company. Ah, well, I guess that's what I get when I assume the
computer industry will operate in a logical manner! ;-)

In article <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>   Sean, I don't want to get into a 'mini-war' by what I am going to say,
>but I have to be a little bit skeptic about the performance you are
>claiming on the Centris, you'll see why (please, no-flames, I reserve
>those for c.s.m.a :-) )
>
>   I was in Chicago in the last consumer electronics show, and Apple had
a
>booth there.  I walked by, and they were showing real-time video capture
>using a (Radious or SuperMac?) card to digitize and make right on the
spot
>quicktime movies.  I think the quicktime they were using was the old one
>(1.5).

Version 1.5 of Quicktime is, as has been stated, the current version of
the software. The older version is 1.0, and 1.6 is on the horizon in the
not too distant future.

>   They digitized a guy talking there in 160x2xx something.  It played
back quite
>nicely and in real time.  The guy then expanded the window (resized) to
25x by
>3xx (320 in y I think) and the frame rate decreased enough to notice
that it
>wasn't 30fps (or about 30fps) anymore.  It dropped to like 15 fps.  Then
he
>increased it just a bit more, and it dropped to 10<->12 fps. 

Quicktime does a much better job of playing back movies at size than it
does playing back resized movies. Apparently the process of expanding
each frame's image and dithering the resultant bitmap to the appropriate
bit depth is pretty processor-intensive. There are optimizers that work
pretty well for showing movies at double size, but if you drop to 1.9x
size or increase to 2.1x size, performance suffers dramatically.

>   Then I asked him what Mac he was using... He was using a Quadra
(don't know
>what model, 900?) to do it, and he was telling the guys there that the
Quicktime
>could play back at the same speed even on an LCII.

He lied. :-) Quicktime is very CPU dependent. He was probably confused by
the fact that QT is locked to an internal timecode, and will play in the
same amount of time on any machine. However, an LC will drop frames in
order to keep the sound and video synced up.

The Centris and Quadras have similar CPUs and will thus boast similar
performance, though the Quadras will be a bit faster due to marginally
faster clock speeds and somewhat different architecture.

>   Well, I spoiled his claim so to say, since a 68040 Quadra Mac was
having
>a little bit of trouble.  And this wasn't even from the hardisk!  This
was
>from memory!
>
>   Could it be that you saw either a newer version of quicktime, or some
>hardware assisted Centris, or another software product running the 
>animation (like supposedly MacroMind's Accelerator?)?

I expect that the version of the Quicktime software you saw was 1.0 -- I
was using was 1.5. One of the new codecs in v1.5 allows video at nearly
twice the size and the same frame rate as what version 1.0 could handle.
The Centris 650 I saw was a plain-vanilla, with the exception of the nice
speakers that were playing the sound, and the software was Movie Player,
the QT player Apple includes with the software.

>   Don't misunderstand me, I just want to clarify this.

No problem -- it still surprises me that Quicktime is able to do the
things it does as well as it can.
========================================================================
Sean McMains              | Check out the Gopher    | Phone:817.565.2039
University of North Texas | New Bands Info server   | Fax  :817.565.4060
P.O. Box 13495            | at seanmac.acs.unt.edu  | E-Mail:
Denton TX 76203           |                         |  McMains@unt.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38453
From: clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <C5q0HK.KoD@hawnews.watson.ibm.com> ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner) writes:

>Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
>of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
>things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
>the image subject.	
>
For those of you who don't need 24 bit, I got a 32 colour Amiga IFF
of a cloudless Earth (scanned). Looks okay when mapped on a sphere.
E-mail me and I'll send it you...

Louis

-- 
I'm hanging on your words, Living on your breath, Feeling with your skin,
Will I always be here?  -- In Your Room [ DM ]


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38454
From: boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert)
Subject: Removing Distortion From Bitmapped Drawings?

Let's say you have a scanned image of a line drawing; in this case a
boat, but it could be anything.  On the drawing you have a set of
reference points whose true x,y positions are known.  

Now you digitize the drawing manually (in this case, using Yaron
Danon's excellent Digitize program).  That is, you use a program which
converts cursor positions to x,y and saves those values when you click
the mouse.

Upon digitizing you notice that the reference point values that come
out of the digitizing process differ in small but significant ways
from the known true values.  This is understandable because the
scanned drawing is a reproduction of the original and there are
successive sources of distortion such as differential expansion and
contraction of paper, errors introduced in the printing process,
scanner errors and what have you.

The errors are not uniform over the entire drawing, so "global"
adjustments such as stretching/contracting uniformly over x or y, or
rotating the whole drawing, are not satisfactory.

So the question is: does any kind soul know of an algorithm for
removing such distortion?  In particular, if I have three sets of
points 

Reference(x,y) (the known true values)

DistortedReference(x,y) (the same points, with known errors)

DistortedData(x,y) (other points, with unknown errors)

what function of Reference and Distorted could I apply to
DistortedData to remove the errors.

I suspect the problem could be solved by treating the distorted
reference points as resulting from the projection of a "bumpy" 3d
surface, solving for the surface and then "flattening" it to remove
the errors in the other data points.

Any kind and informed soul out there have any ideas, or better yet,
pointers to treatments of the same or similar problems?

Thanks,

Earl



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38455
From: havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a)
Subject: HELP!!! GRASP

Hi!

Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
picture formats.

(I've got some animations that I'd like to transfer to my Amiga)
 
I really hope that someone can help me.

Cheers

Haavard Nesse - Trondheim College of Engineering, Trondheim, Norway

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38456
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Re: comp.graphics.programmer

In article <andreasa.157.735211806@dhhalden.no>, andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF) writes:
|>Hello netters
|>
|>Sorry, I don't know if this is the right way of doing this kind of thing,
|>probably should be a CFV, but since I don't have tha ability to create a 
|>news group myself, I just want to start the discussion. 
|>
|>I enjoy reading c.g very much, but I often find it difficult to sort out what
|>I'm interested in. Everything from screen-drivers, graphics cards, graphics
|>programming and graphics programs are discused here. What I'd like is a 
|>comp.graphics.programmer news group.
|>What do you other think.

This sounds wonderful, but it seems no one either wants to spend time doing
this, or they don't have the power to do so.  For example, I would like
to see a comp.graphics architecture like this:

comp.graphics.algorithms.2d
comp.graphics.algorithms.3d
comp.graphics.algorithms.misc
comp.graphics.hardware
comp.graphics.misc
comp.graphics.software/apps

However, that is almost overkill.  Something more like this would probably
make EVERYONE a lot happier:

comp.graphics.programmer
comp.graphics.hardware
comp.graphics.apps
comp.graphics.misc

It would be nice to see specialized groups devote to 2d, 3d, morphing,
raytracing, image processing, interactive graphics, toolkits, languages,
object systems, etc. but these could be posted to a relevant group or
have a mailing list organized.

That way when someone reads news they don't have to see these subject
headings, which are rather disparate:

System specific stuff ( should be under comp.sys or comp.os.???.programmer ):

	"Need help programming GL"
	"ModeX programming information?"
	"Fast sprites on PC"

Hardware technical stuff:

	"Speed of Weitek P9000"
	"Drivers for SpeedStar 24X"

Applications oriented stuff:

	"VistaPro 3.0 help"
	"How good is 3dStudio?"
	"Best image processing program for Amiga"

Programming oriented stuff:

	"Fast polygon routine needed"
	"Good morphing alogirhtm wanted"
	"Best depth sort for triangles?"
	"Which C++ library to get?"

I wish someone with the power would get a CFD and then a CFV going on
this stuff....this newsgroup needs it.

Brian

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38457
From: sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum)
Subject: Re: CView answers

bryanw@rahul.net (Bryan Woodworth) writes:
: In <1993Apr16.114158.2246@whiting.mcs.com> sean@whiting.mcs.com (Sean Gum) writes:
: 
: >A stupid question, but what will CView run on and where can I get it? I
: >am still in need of a GIF viewer for Linux. (Without X-Windows.)
: >Thanks!
: > 
: 
: Ho boy. There is no way in HELL you are going to be able to view GIFs or do
: any other graphics in Linux without X windows!  I love Linux because it is
: so easy to learn..  You want text?  Okay.   Use Linux. You want text AND
: graphics?  Use Linux with X windows.  Simple.  Painless.  REQUIRED to have
: X Windows if you want graphics!  This includes fancy word processors like
: doc, image viewers like xv, etc.
:
Ummm, I beg to differ. A kind soul sent me a program called DPG-VIEW that
will do exactly what I want, view GIF images under Linux without X-Windows.
And, it does support all the way up to 1024x768. The biggest complaint I
have is it is painfully SLOW. It takes about 1 minute to display an image.
I am use to CSHOW under DOS which takes a split second. Any idea why it
is so slow under Linux? Anybody have anything better? Plus, anybody have
the docs to DPG-View? Thanks!
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38458
From: N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu
Subject: Re: Help! Need 3-D graphics code/package for DOS!!!

In article <1993Apr19.101747.22169@ugle.unit.no>
razor@swix.nvg.unit.no (Runar Jordahl) writes:
>
>N020BA@tamvm1.tamu.edu wrote:
>:     Help!! I need code/package/whatever to take 3-D data and turn it into
>: a wireframe surface with hidden lines removed. I'm using a DOS machine, and
>: the code can be in ANSI C or C++, ANSI Fortran or Basic. The data I'm using
>: forms a rectangular grid.
>: is a general interest question.
>:    Thank you!!!!!!
 
      I'm afraid your reply didn't get thru. I do appreciate you trying to
reply, however. Please try again.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38459
From: rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog

In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
|> 				Nishantha
I think you are too optimistic! PostScript is a very big language and
so the fig format can not be able to be an interpreter of ANY arbitrary
ps code. The only program I know to manipulate PostScript files is
IslandDraw.
I for myself use xfig and include the PostScript files (converted to
epsi format). Small changes then are possible (erasing some letters,
adding text and so on).
Reinhard

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38460
From: arp@cooper!osd (Andrew Pinkowitz)
Subject: SIGGRAPH -- Conference on Understanding Images

======================================================================
             NYC ACM/SIGGRAPH: UNDERSTANDING IMAGES
======================================================================

  SUBJECT:

    Pace University/SIGGRAPH Conference on UNDERSTANDING IMAGES
    ===========================================================

    The purpose of this conference is to bring together a breadth of
    disciplines, including the physical, biological and computational
    sciences, technology, art, psychology, philosophy, and education,
    in order to define and discuss the issues essential to image
    understanding within the computer graphics context.

    FEATURED TOPICS INCLUDE:

                Psychology/Perception
                Image Analysis
                Design
                Text
                Sound
                Philosophy

     DATE:  Friday & Saturday, 21-22 May 1993

     TIME:  9:00 am - 6:00 pm

    PLACE:  The Pace Downtown Theater
            One Pace Plaza
                (on Spruce Street between Park Row & Gold Street)
            NY, NY 10038

     FEES:

        PRE-REGISTRATION (Prior to 1 May 1993):
            Members         $55.00
            Non-Members     $75.00
            Students        $40.00 (Proof of F/T Status Required)

        REGISTRATION (After 1 May 1993 or On-Site):
            All Attendees   $95.00

        (Registration Fee Includes Brakfast, Breaks & Lunch)


    SEND REGISTRATION INFORMATION & FEES TO:

        Dr. Francis T. Marchese
        Computer Science Department
        NYC/ACM SIGGRAPH Conference
        Pace University
        1 Pace Plaza (Room T-1704)
        New York NY 10036

        voice: (212) 346-1803   fax: (212) 346-1933
        email: MARCHESF@PACEVM.bitnet

======================================================================
REGISTRATION INFORMATION:

Name _________________________________________________________________

Title ________________________________________________________________

Company ______________________________________________________________

Street Address _______________________________________________________

City ________________________________State____________Zip_____________

Day Phone (___) ___-____    Evening Phone (___) ___-____

FAX Phone (___) ___-____    Email_____________________________________
======================================================================

DETAILED DESCRIPTION:
=====================

    Artists, designers, scientists, engineers and educators share the
    problem of moving information from one mind to another.
    Traditionally, they have used pictures, words, demonstrations,
    music and dance to communicate imagery.  However, expressing
    complex notions such as God and infinity or a seemingly well
    defined concept such as a flower can present challenges which far
    exceed their technical skills.

    The explosive use of computers as visualization and expression
    tools has compounded this problem.  In hypermedia, multimedia and
    virtual reality systems vast amounts of information confront the
    observer or participant.  Wading through a multitude of
    simultaneous images and sounds in possibly unfamiliar
    representions, a confounded user asks: "What does it all mean?"

    Since image construction, transmission, reception, decipherment and
    ultimate understanding are complex tasks, strongly influenced by
    physiology, education and culture; and, since electronic media
    radically amplify each processing step, then we, as electronic
    communicators, must determine the fundamental paradigms for
    composing imagery for understanding.

    Therefore, the purpose of this conference is to bring together a
    breadth of disciplines, including, but not limited to, the
    physical, biological and computational sciences, technology, art,
    psychology, philosophy, and education, in order to define and
    discuss the issues essential to image understanding within the
    computer graphics context.


    FEATURED SPEAKERS INCLUDE:

        Psychology/Perception:
            Marc De May, University of Ghent
            Beverly J. Jones, University of Oregon
            Barbara Tversky, Standfor University
            Michael J. Shiffer, MIT
            Tom Hubbard, Ohio State University
        Image Analysis:
            A. Ravishankar Rao, IBM Watson Research Center
            Nalini Bhusan, Smith College
            Xiaopin Hu, University of Illinois
            Narenda Ahuja, University of Illinois
            Les M. Sztander, University of Toledo
        Design:
            Mark Bajuk, University of Illinois
            Alyce Kaprow, MIT
        Text:
            Xia Lin, Pace University
            John Loustau, Hunter College
            Jong-Ding Wang, Hunter College
            Judson Rosebush, Judson Rosebush Co.
        Sound:
            Matthew Witten, University of Texas
            Robert Wyatt, Center for High Performance Computing
            Robert S. Williams, Pace University
            Rory Stuart, NYNEX
        Philosophy
            Michael Heim, Education Foundation of DPMA

======================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38461
From: sgoldste@aludra.usc.edu (Fogbound Child)
Subject: Re: "Fake" virtual reality

Mike_Peredo@mindlink.bc.ca (Mike Peredo) writes:

>The most ridiculous example of VR-exploitation I've seen so far is the
>"Virtual Reality Clothing Company" which recently opened up in Vancouver. As
>far as I can tell it's just another "chic" clothes spot. Although it would be
>interesting if they were selling "virtual clothing"....

>E-mail me if you want me to dig up their phone # and you can probably get
>some promotional lit.

I understand there have been a couple of raves in LA billing themselves as
"Virtual Reality" parties. What I hear they do is project .GIF images around
on the walls, as well as run animations through a Newtek Toaster.

Seems like we need to adopt the term Really Virtual Reality or something, except
for the non-immersive stuff which is Virtually Really Virtual Reality.


etc.



>MP
>(8^)-

___Samuel___
-- 
_________Pratice Safe .Signature! Prevent Dangerous Signature Virii!_______
Guildenstern: Our names shouted in a certain dawn ... a message ... a
              summons ... There must have been a moment, at the beginning,
              where we could have said -- no. But somehow we missed it.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38462
From: sloan@cis.uab.edu (Kenneth Sloan)
Subject: Re: Removing Distortion From Bitmapped Drawings?

In article <1993Apr19.141034.24731@sctc.com> boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert) writes:
>Let's say you have a scanned image of a line drawing; in this case a
>boat, but it could be anything.  On the drawing you have a set of
>reference points whose true x,y positions are known.  
>
>Now you digitize the drawing manually (in this case, using Yaron
>Danon's excellent Digitize program).  That is, you use a program which
>converts cursor positions to x,y and saves those values when you click
>the mouse.
>
>Upon digitizing you notice that the reference point values that come
>out of the digitizing process differ in small but significant ways
>from the known true values.  This is understandable because the
>scanned drawing is a reproduction of the original and there are
>successive sources of distortion such as differential expansion and
>contraction of paper, errors introduced in the printing process,
>scanner errors and what have you.
>
>The errors are not uniform over the entire drawing, so "global"
>adjustments such as stretching/contracting uniformly over x or y, or
>rotating the whole drawing, are not satisfactory.
>
>So the question is: does any kind soul know of an algorithm for
>removing such distortion?  In particular, if I have three sets of
>points 
>
>Reference(x,y) (the known true values)
>
>DistortedReference(x,y) (the same points, with known errors)
>
>DistortedData(x,y) (other points, with unknown errors)
>
>what function of Reference and Distorted could I apply to
>DistortedData to remove the errors.
>
>I suspect the problem could be solved by treating the distorted
>reference points as resulting from the projection of a "bumpy" 3d
>surface, solving for the surface and then "flattening" it to remove
>the errors in the other data points.

It helps to have some idea of the source of the distortion - or at least
a reasonable model of the class of distortion.  Below is a very short
description of the process which we use; if you have further questions,
feel free to poke me via e-mail.

================================================================
*ASSUME: locally smooth distortion

0) Compute the Delaunay Triangulation of your (x,y) points.  This
   defines the set of neighbors for each point.  If your data are
   not naturally convex, you may have very long edges on the convex hull.
   Consider deleting these edges.

1) Now, there are two goals:

    a) move the DistortedData(x,y) to the Reference(x,y)
    b) keep the Length(e) (as measured from the current (x,y)'s)
       as close as possible to the DigitizedLength(e) (as measured 
       using the digitized (x,y)'s).

2) For every point, compute a displacement based on a) and b).  For
   example:

    a) For (x,y) points for which you know the Reference(x,y), you
       can move alpha0*(Reference(x,y) - Current(x,y)).   This will
       slowly move the DistortedReference(x,y) towards the
       Reference(x,y). 
    b) For all other points, examine the current length of each edge.
       For each edge, compute a displacement which would make that edge
       the correct length (where "correct" is the DigitizedLength). 
       Take the vector sum of these edge displacements, and move the
       point alpha1*SumOfEdgeDisplacements.  This will keep the
       triangulated mesh consistent with your Digitized mesh.

3) Iterate 2) until you are happy (for example, no point moves very much).

alpha0 and alpha1 need to be determined by experimentation.   Consider
how much you believe the Reference(x,y) - i.e., do you absolutely insist
on the final points exactly matching the References, or do you want to
balance some error in matching the Reference against changes in length
of the edges.

WARNING: there are a couple of geometric invariants which must be
observed (essentially, you can't allow the convex hull to change, and
you can't allow triangles to "fold over" neighboring triangles.  Both of
these can be handled either by special case checks on the motion of
individual points, or by periodically re-triangulating the points (using 
the current positions - but still calculating DigitizedLength from the
original positions.  When we first did this, the triangulation time was
prohibitive, so we only did it once.  If I were motivated to try and
change code that has been working in production mode for 5 years, I
*might* go back and re-triangulate on every iteration.  If you have more
compute power than you know what to do with, you might consider having
every point interact with every other point....but first read up on
linear solutions to the n-body problem.

There are lots of papers in the last 10 years of SIGGRAPH proceedings on
springs, constraints,  and energy calculations which are relevant.  The
above method is described, in more or less detail in:

@inproceedings{Sloan86,
author="Sloan, Jr., Kenneth R. and David Meyers and Christine A.~Curcio",
title="Reconstruction and Display of the Retina",
booktitle="Proceedings: Graphics Interface '86 Vision Interface '86",
address="Vancouver, Canada",
pages="385--389",
month="May",
year=1986  }

@techreport{Curcio87b,
author="Christine A.~Curcio and Kenneth R.~Sloan and David Meyers",
title="Computer Methods for Sampling, Reconstruction, Display, and
Analysis of Retinal Whole Mounts",
number="TR 87-12-03",
institution="Department of Computer Science, University of Washington",
address="Seattle, WA",
month="December",
year=1987  }

@article{Curcio89,
author="Christine A.~Curcio and Kenneth R.~Sloan and David Meyers",
title="Computer Methods for Sampling, Reconstruction, Display, and
Analysis of Retinal Whole Mounts",
journal="Vision Research",
volume=29,
number=5,
pages="529--540",
year=1989  }
 

-- 
Kenneth Sloan                   Computer and Information Sciences
sloan@cis.uab.edu               University of Alabama at Birmingham
(205) 934-2213                  115A Campbell Hall, UAB Station 
(205) 934-5473 FAX              Birmingham, AL 35294-1170

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38463
From: rws@cs.arizona.edu (Ronald W. Schmidt)
Subject: outlining of spline surface


	About a year ago I started work on a problem that appeared to
be very simple and turned out to be quite difficult.  I am wondering if
anyone on the net has seen this problem and (hopefully) some published 
solutions to it.

	The problem is to draw an outline of a surface defined by two
roughly parallel cubic splines.  For inputs the problem essentially
starts with two sets of points where each set of points is on the 
edge of an object which we treat as two dimensional, i.e. only extant
between the edges, but which exists in three dimensional space.  To draw 
the object we 

1) fit a cubic spline through the points.  Each spline is effectively
	computed as a sequence of line segments approximating the
        curve.  Each spline has an equal number of segments.  We assume
	that the nth segment along each spline is roughly, but not
	exactly, the same distance along each spline by any reasonable
	measure.
2) Take each segment (n) along each spline and match it to the nth segment
	of the opposing spline.  Use the pair of segments to form two
	triangles which will be filled in to color the surface.
3) Depth sort the triangles
4) Take each triangle in sorted order, project onto a 2D pixmap, draw
	and color the triangle.  Take the edge of the triangle that is
	along the edge of the surface and draw a line along that edge
	colored with a special "edge color"

	It is the edge coloring in step 4 that is at the heart of the
problem.  The idea is to effectively outline the edge of the surface.
The net result however generally has lots of breaks and gaps in
the edge of the surface.  The reasons for this are fairly complicated.
They involve both rasterization problems and problems resulting
from the projecting the splines.  If anything about this problem
sounds familiar we would appreciate knowing about other work in this
area.

-Thanks

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38464
From: sp1marse@kristin (Marco Seirio)
Subject: Flat globe


Does anybody have an algorithm for "flattening" out a globe, or any other
parametric surface, that is definied parametrically. 
That is, I would like to take a sheet of paper and a knife and to be
able to calculate how I must cut in the paper so I can fold it to a
globe (or any other object).


      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.se

 

 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38465
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr19.144533.6779@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:
>In <C5q0HK.KoD@hawnews.watson.ibm.com> ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner) writes:
>
>>Look in the /pub/SPACE directory on ames.arc.nasa.gov - there are a number
>>of earth images there. You may have to hunt around the subdirectories as
>>things tend to be filed under the mission (ie, "APOLLO") rather than under	
>>the image subject.	
>>
>For those of you who don't need 24 bit, I got a 32 colour Amiga IFF
>of a cloudless Earth (scanned). Looks okay when mapped on a sphere.
>E-mail me and I'll send it you...

Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38466
From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Newsgroup Split

Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
Just curious.


Daemon


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38467
From: thinman@netcom.com (Technically Sweet)
Subject: Re: Surface intersections

sp1marse@lina (Marco Seirio) writes:

>I have a problem with intersections between two surfaces.
>Does anybody have a easy to understand algorithm for that or maybe
>even C source??


>      Marco Seirio - In real life sp1marse@caligula.his.s

You also have a severe problem with news headers.

FTP to cs.purdue.edu:pub/vanecek and pull proxima.tar.Z
and proxima.ps.Z.  Tres spif.

-- 

Lance Norskog
thinman@netcom.com
Data is not information is not knowledge is not wisdom.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38468
From: ARowatt@massey.ac.nz (A.J. Rowatt)
Subject: Page flipping in VGA 320x200x256 mode.

Help!
How do you write to the second bank/page of memory when in VGA
320x200x256 colour mode?. ie: to perform page flipping animation
and buffering of the screen.
     I have tried using the Map Mask Registers, but this does not
perform the required task (Although it does do something).

Note: It *must* be able to work on a standard VGA (ie: not
necessarily a SVGA card).

Many thanx in advance...
Andrew

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38469
From: sasst11+@pitt.edu (Scott A Snowiss)
Subject: IMAGINE

Hello again netters,
	I finally received the information about Imagine for the PC.  They are presently shipping Version 2.0 of the software and will release Version 3.0 in the first quarter of 1993 (or so they say).  The upgrade from 2.0 to 3.0 is $100.00.  To purchase Imagine 2.0, it costs $495.00 or if you are upgrading from another eligible (call them for info) modeler, it is only $200.00 plus shipping & handling.   It requires a PC with 4 Megs a Math Coprocessor, and Dos 5.0 or up and a Microsoft Mouse and SVGA card.
	Thanks for all your replies about the product.  I have received many contrasting replies, but once I scrounge the money together, I think I will take the plunge.  Thanks again.
	Here is the info for Impulse if you want to find out more or get the sheet they sent.
	Impulse Inc.
	8416 Xerxes Avenue North
	Minneapolis, MN 55444
	1-800-328-0184

Thanks again for all your replies.
Scott
-- 
Scott Snowiss
sasst11+@.pitt.edu

--Turn on...Jack in...Jack out...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38470
From: dave.mikelson@almac.co.uk (Dave Mikelson) 
Subject: Re: PCX

To: ad994@Freenet.carleton.ca

JW> 1) Where is there a book or code that will teach me how
JW> to read and write pcx,dbf,and gif files?

JW> 2) How do I access the extra ram on my paradise video board
JW> so I can do paging in the higher vga modes ie: 320x200x256
JW> 800x600x256

JW> 3) anybody got a line on a good book to help answer these question?

Here are some that I have that are very good:

  Graphics File Formats, Kay and Levine, ISBN 0-8306-3059-7
  Supercharged Bitmapped Graphics, Rimmer, ISBN 0-8306-3788-5
  Programmer's Guide to the EGA and VGA Cards, Ferraro,
     ISBN 0-201-57025-4 (has a whole chapter on Paradise SVGA)

Dave
---
 . DeLuxe./386 1.12 #8993 . 
                                                                                       

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38471
From: 235wardell@gw.wmich.edu
Subject: VGA Passthrough Cables!


	Does anyone know the phone number to a place where i can get
a VGA passthrough?

	I want to hook up my VGA card to my XGA card (whcih you can can).
All I need is the cable that connects them.  It is the same type of
cable that you would connect from your VGA card to say a Video Blaster
or something.

	Thanks.
						-Brad




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38472
From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: detecting double points in bezier curves

I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.

An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,

Ferdinand.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38473
From: apd2c@Virginia.EDU ("Andrew Paul Dickens")
Subject: Re: computer graphics to vcr?


	Getting an image from a computer monitor to a videotape
is harder than it looks.  The standard VGA and EGA outputs are 
very different than the NTSC format used by televisions.  While
there is equipment that will do the conversion, it is hard to
get your hands on and costs quite a bit.

	If you have access to an Amiga computer, that has an
NTSC output, you can transfer certain types of graphic files by
modem and tape them from the NTSC output.  Unfortunately, this
would be frame-by-frame and would lead to unbelievably scratchy
animation unless you had a good Amiga animation program.

	Otherwise, see if your local public access cable
station has equipment that you can use.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38474
From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|> doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|> this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|> different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|> a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|> for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|> Just curious.
|> 
|> 
|> Daemon
|> 

   I agree with you.

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38475
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Ellipse Again


Hi! Everyone,

Because no one has touched the problem I posted last week, I guess
my question was not so clear. Now I'd like to describe it in detail:

The offset of an ellipse is the locus of the center of a circle which
rolls on the ellipse. In other words, the distance between the ellipse
and its offset is same everywhere.

This problem comes from the geometric measurement when a probe is used.
The tip of the probe is a ball and the computer just outputs the
positions of the ball's center. Is the offset of an ellipse still
an ellipse? The answer is no! Ironically, DMIS - an American Indutrial
Standard says it is ellipse. So almost all the software which was
implemented on the base of DMIS was wrong. The software was also sold
internationaly. Imagine, how many people have or will suffer from this bug!!!
How many qualified parts with ellipse were/will be discarded? And most
importantly, how many defective parts with ellipse are/will be used?

I was employed as a consultant by a company in Los Angeles last year
to specially solve this problem. I spent two months on analysis of this
problem and six months on programming. Now my solution (nonlinear)
is not ideal because I can only reconstruct an ellipse from its entire
or half offset. It is very difficult to find the original ellipse from
a quarter or a segment of its offset because the method I used is not
analytical. I am now wondering if I didn't touch the base and make things
complicated. Please give me a hint.

I know you may argue this is not a CG problem. You are right, it is not.
However, so many people involved in the problem "sphere from 4 poits".
Why not an ellipse? And why not its offset?

Please post here and let the others share our interests 
(I got several emails from our netters, they said they need the
summary of the answers).

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38476
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split


In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|> doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|> this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|> different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|> a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|> for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|> Just curious.
|> 
|> 
|> Daemon
|> 

I agree with you. Of cause I'll try to be a daemon :-)

Yeh
USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38477
From: jmuller@ic.sunysb.edu (John S Muller)
Subject: WAYNE RIGBY


Sorry to clog up the news group with this message.

Wayne Rigby, I have the info you requested, but for some
reason I can not mail it to you.  Please contact me!
Send email address.
j
-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"No Real Programmer can function without caffeine" - Zen + Art of Internet

     _/_/_/_/_/  _/_/_/_/_/  _/_/  _/_/        John S. Muller
        _/      _/          _/  _/  _/         muller@diego.llnl.gov
       _/      _/_/_/_/_/  _/  _/  _/          muller@sisal.llnl.gov
 _/   _/              _/  _/      _/           jmuller@libserv1.ic.sunysb.edu 
 _/_/_/      _/_/_/_/_/  _/      _/            

"You are not drunk until you have to grab the grass,
 to keep the grass from falling off the earth" - Some Stupid Comedian
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38478
From: rknight@stiatl.salestech.com (Ray Knight)
Subject: Re: CView answers

uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams) writes:

>re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
>Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
>CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
>the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
>didrectory?


  Actually the most flexible way to create temp files is to check for a TEMP or
TMP environment variable and create the files on the drive and directory pointedto by the variable.  This is pretty much a standard for DOS, Windows and OS/2
applications.


-- 
What I have to say is my own opinion and has no bearing on any other person or
organization including my employer.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
rknight@salestech.com        (404) 841-5316           Sales Technologies, Inc.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38479
From: ani@ms.uky.edu (Aniruddha B. Deglurkar)
Subject: help: Splitting a trimming region along a mesh 



	Hi,

	I have a problem, I hope some of the 'gurus' can help me solve.

	Background of the problem:
	I have a rectangular mesh in the uv domain, i.e  the mesh is a 
	mapping of a 3d Bezier patch into 2d. The area in this domain
	which is inside a trimming loop had to be rendered. The trimming
	loop is a set of 2d Bezier curve segments.
	For the sake of notation: the mesh is made up of cells.

	My problem is this :
	The trimming area has to be split up into individual smaller
	cells bounded by the trimming curve segments. If a cell
	is wholly inside the area...then it is output as a whole ,
	else it is trivially rejected. 

	Does any body know how thiss can be done, or is there any algo. 
	somewhere for doing this.

	Any help would be appreciated.

	Thanks, 
	Ani.
-- 
To get irritated is human, to stay cool, divine.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38480
From: jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl>, ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck) writes:
|> I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
|> point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
|> 
|> An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,

There was a very useful article in one of the 1989 issues of
Transactions On Graphics. I believe Maureen Stone was one of
the authors. Sorry not to be more specific. I don't have the
reference here with me.

The article actually was more general than this, giving a way to decide
whether a given (cubic) Bezier curve contains cusps, intersection points
or whatever wierdness. The same treatment is also available in SIGGRAPH 89
course notes for the course called "Math for Siggraph" or something like
that.

-- 
	dr memory
	jbulf@kpc.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38481
Subject: Re: Video in/out
From: djlewis@ualr.edu

In article <1993Apr18.080719.4773@nwnexus.WA.COM>, mscrap@halcyon.com (Marta Lyall) writes:
> Organization: "A World of Information at your Fingertips"
> Keywords: 
> 
> In article <628@toontown.columbiasc.ncr.com> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (Craig S. Williamson) writes:
>>
>>I'm getting ready to buy a multimedia workstation and would like a little
>>advice.  I need a graphics card that will do video in and out under windows.
>>I was originally thinking of a Targa+ but that doesn't work under Windows.
>>What cards should I be looking into?
>>
>>Thanks,
>>Craig
>>
>>-- 
>>                                             "To forgive is divine, to be
>>-Craig Williamson                              an airhead is human."
>> Craig.Williamson@ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM                -Balki Bartokomas
>> craig@toontown.ColumbiaSC.NCR.COM (home)                  Perfect Strangers
> 
> 
> Craig,
> 
> You should still consider the Targa+. I run windows 3.1 on it all the
> time at work and it works fine. I think all you need is the right
> driver. 
> 
> Josh West  
> email: mscrap@halcyon.com
> 
AT&T also puts out two new products for windows, Model numbers elude me now,
a 15 bit video board with framegrabber and a 16bit with same. Yesterday I
was looking at a product at a local Software ETC store. Media Vision makes
a 15bit (32,768 color) frame capture board that is stand alone and doesnot
use the feature connector on your existing video card. It claims upto 30 fps
live capture as well as single frame from either composite NTSC or s-video
in and out.

Don Lewis
<djlewis@ualr.edu>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38482
From: eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler)
Subject: stand alone editing suite.

I need some help.  We are upgrading our animation/video editing stand. We
are looking into the different type of setups for A/B roll and a cuts only
station.  We would like this to be controlled by a computer ( brand doesnt matter but maybe MAC, or AMIGA).  Low end to high end system setups would be very
helpful. If you have a system or use a system that might be of use, could you
mail me your system requirements, what it is used for, and all the hardware and
software that will be necessary to set the system up.  If you need more 
info, you  can mail me at   eylerken@u.washington.edu

thanks in advance.

:ken
:eylerken@u.washington.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38483
From: CBW790S@vma.smsu.edu.Ext (Corey Webb)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

In article <1993Apr19.160944.20236W@baron.edb.tih.no>
havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a) writes:
>
>Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
>of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
>picture formats.
>
 
     If you have the GRASP animation system, then yes, it's quite easy.
You simply use GLIB to extract the image (each "frame" in a .GL is
actually a complete .PCX or .CLP file), then use one of MANY available
utilities to convert it.  If you don't have the GRASP package, I'm afraid
I can't help you.  Sorry.
     By the way, before you ask, GRASP (GRaphics Animation System for
Professionals) is a commercial product that sells for just over US$300
from most mail-order companies I've seen.  And no, I don't have it.  :)
 
 
                                               Corey Webb
 
 
    ____________________________________________________________________
   |        Corey Webb       | "For in much wisdom is much grief, and   |
   |   cbw790s@vma.smsu.edu  |  he that increaseth knowledge increaseth |
   |  Bitnet: CBW790S@SMSVMA |  sorrow."           -- Ecclesiastes 1:18 |
   |-------------------------|------------------------------------------|
   | The "S" means I am only |    "But first, are you experienced?"     |
   | speaking for myself.    |                  -- Jimi Hendrix         |
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38484
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <1993Apr17.092051.19814@kth.se> d88-jwa@hemul.nada.kth.se (Jon Wtte) writes:
>In <Z2442B4w164w@cellar.org> tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>
>>> I'm building a CAD package and need a 3D graphics library that can handle
>>> some rudimentry tasks, such as hidden line removal, shading, animation, etc.
>>> 
>>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>
>I think APDA has something called MacWireFrame which is a full
>wire-frame (and supposedly hidden-line removal) library.
>I think it weighs in at $99 (but I've been wrong on an order
>of magnitude before)
>

 I spoke with the author of MacWireFrame earlier today. The cost is $299, but there
 are no license royalties. His name is Eric Johnson in Sacramento, CA phone
 916/737-1550. He doesn't have email. Very nice guy... very knowledgeable about
 graphics. Seems like he may have a decent package. It's an Object Pascal Framework
 that supposedly has a fairly complete set of geometry creation classes. 
 I'm going to check it out and see if it's got what I need for my CAD package.

 I also found another package: 3D Graphic Tools by Micro System Options in Seattle.
 The number is: 206/868-5418, also no email. The package is strong at ray tracing,
 I'm not too sure about its geometry creation tools. I also need to look into this
 package some more. I also spoke with the author, Mark Owens, another nice
 guy that seems to know his business. The price is $249, no royalties.

BobC



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38485
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <1qnm6fINN8tr@tamsun.tamu.edu> brentb@tamsun.tamu.edu (Brent) writes:
>tsa@cellar.org (The Silent Assassin) writes:
>>rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter) writes:
>>
>>> Can you please offer some recommendations?
>>
>>It's really not that hard to do.  There are books out there which explain
>>everything, and the basic 3D functions, translation, rotation, shading, and
>>hidden line removal are pretty easy.  I wrote a program in a few weeks witht
>>he help of a book, and would be happy to give you my source.
>
>I think he wanted to avoid reinventing the wheel.

 Yes, I want to concentrate on other development issues - I've created graphics
 libraries before, it's too time consuming... life's too short!

>>	Also, Quickdraw has a lot of 3D functions built in, and Think pascal
>>can access them, and I would expect that THINK C could as well.  If you can
>>find out how to use the Quickdraw graphics library, it would be an excellent
>>choice, since it has a lot of stuff, and is built into the Mac, so should be
>>fast.
>
>Just to clarify, the 3D routines that are mentioned in various places
>on the mac are in a libray, not the ROM of the mac.  A few years ago before
>I knew anything about implementing graphics, I came across a demo of the
>Apple GrafSys3D library and it actually did a lot.  However, it is quite
>limited in the sense that it's a low-level 3D library; your code still has
>to plot individual points, draw each line, etc ad nauseum.  It has nothing
>on GL, for example, where you can handle objects.

 Thanks for the clarification... Before posting my original request I had looked
 into the Mac's 3D capabilities and dismissed them as low grade.

BobC


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38486
From: jejones@microware.com (James Jones)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
>Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
>>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
>>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
>>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
>
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

Don't get too excited; Signetics, not Motorola, gave the 68070 its number.
The 68070, if I understand rightly, uses the 68000 instruction set, and has
an on-chip serial port and DMA.  (It will run at up to 15 MHz--I'm typing
at a computer using a 68070 running at that rate, so I know that it can
do so--so I seriously doubt the clock rate that ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com
claims.)

	James Jones

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38487
From: stjohn@math1.kaist.ac.kr (Ryou Seong Joon)
Subject: WANTED: Multi-page GIF!!

Hi!... 

I am searching for packages that could handle Multi-page GIF
files...    

Are there any on some ftp servers?

I'll appreciate one which works on PC (either on DOS or Windows 3.0/3.1).
But any package works on Unix will be OK..

Thanks in advance...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38488
From: eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu (John Peter Kondis)
Subject: Physics lab LOSES a number!!!!

Please , I need the starting address (pointer) for the beginning 
of the color information (RGB) on VGA mode 68h (that's 68 hex, gee, 
duh!)...

Thanks SOOOO much (hugs and kisses) in advance.....

.....John (at UCI)
e-mail--->  eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38489
From: "james kewageshig" <james.kewageshig@canrem.com>
Subject: articles on flocking?

HI All,
Can someone point me towards some articles on 'boids' or
flocking algorithms... ?

Also, articles on particle animation formulas would be nice...
 ________________________________________________________________________
|0 ___ ___  ____  ____  ____                                            0|\
|   \ \//    ||    ||    ||                James Kewageshig              |\|
|   _\//_   _||_  _||_  _||_      UUCP: james.kewageshig@canrem.com      |\|
|   N E T W O R K    V I I I    FIDONET:   James Kewageshig - 1:229/15   |\|
|0______________________________________________________________________0|\|
 \________________________________________________________________________\|
---
  DeLuxe 1.25 #8086  Head of Co*& XV$# Hi This is a signature virus. Co
--
Canada Remote Systems - Toronto, Ontario
416-629-7000/629-7044

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38490
Subject: XV under MS-DOS ?!?
From: NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch

Hi ... Recently I found XV for MS-DOS in a subdirectory of GNU-CC (GNUISH). I 
use frequently XV on a Sun Spark Station 1 and I never had problems, but when I
start it on my computer with -h option, it display the help menu and when I
start it with a GIF-File my Hard disk turns 2 or 3 seconds and the prompt come
back.

My computer is a little 386/25 with copro, 4 Mega rams, Tseng 4000 (1M) running
MS-DOS 5.0 with HIMEM.SYS and no EMM386.SYS. I had the GO32.EXE too... but no
driver who run with it.

Do somenone know the solution to run XV ??? any help would be apprecied..
		
	Thanx in advance !!!! 
             
-- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------
*								    *
*  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *
*  Ecole d'ingnieur ETS	|	(Not Available at this time)*
*  2400 Le LOCLE		|				    *
*  Suisse 							    *
*		     !!!! Enjoy COMPUTER !!!!			    *
*								    *
---------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38491
From: g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad)
Subject: Need polygon splitting algo...


The idea is to clip one polygon using another polygon (not
necessarily rectangular) as a window.  My problem then is in
finding out all the new vertices of the resulting "subpolygons"
from the first one.  Is this simply a matter of extending the
usual algorithm whereby each of the edges of one polygon is checked
against another polygon???  Is there a simpler way??

Comments welcome.

Noel.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38492
From: myless@vaxc.cc.monash.edu.au (Myles Strous)
Subject: J.C.Jensen's bitmap code

Greetings all.
	According to a FAQ I read, on 30 July 1992, Joshua C. Jensen posted an 
article on bitmap manipulation (specifically, scaling and perspective) to the 
newsgroup rec.games.programmer. (article 7716)
	The article included source code in Turbo Pascal with inline assembly 
language.

	I have been unable to find an archive for this newsgroup, or a current 
email address for Joshua C. Jensen.
	If anyone has the above details, or a copy of the code, could they 
please let me know.	Many thanks.
					Yours gratefully, etc.  Myles.

-- 
Myles Strous	|	Email: myles.strous@lib.monash.edu.au
raytracing fan	|	Phone: +61.51.226536
"Got the same urgent grasp of reality as a cardboard cut-out. Proud to have him 
on the team." Archchancellor Mustrum Ridcully, in Reaper Man by Terry Pratchett

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38493
From: markus@octavia.anu.edu.au (Markus Buchhorn)
Subject: Re: HDF readers/viewers


I wrote...
> 
> G'day all,
> 
> Can anybody point me at a utility which will read/convert/crop/whatnot/
> display HDF image files ? I've had a look at the HDF stuff under NCSA 
> and it must take an award for odd directory structure, strange storage
> approaches and minimalist documentation :-)

and it has since turned out that all the mirror sites I looked at were 
fooled by a restructuring at the original site - zaphod.ncsa.uiuc.edu - 
and hence were in a mess. That and a pointer to 'imconv' should get
me started. Ta muchly.

Cheers
	Markus
-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38494
From: un034214@wvnvms.wvnet.edu
Subject: M-MOTION VIDEO CARD: YUV to RGB ?

I am trying to convert an m-motion (IBM) video file format YUV to RGB 
data...

THE Y portion is a byte from 0-255
THE V is a byte -127-127
THe color is U and V
and the intensity is Y

DOes anyone have any ideas for algorhtyms or programs ?

Can someone tell me where to get info on the U and V of a television signal ?

IF you need more info reply at the e-mail address...
Basically what I am doing is converting a digital NTSC format to RGB (VGA)
for displaying captured video pictures.

Thanks.


THE U is a byte -127-127


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38495
From: zemcik@ls (Pavel Zemcik)
Subject: Tseng ET4000 pixel clock

I would like to program Tseng ET4000 to nonstandard 1024x768 mode by
switching to standard 1024x768 mode using BIOS and than changing some
timing details (0x3D4 registers 0x00-0x1F) but I don't know how to
select 36 MHz pixel clock I need. The BIOS function selects 40 MHz.

Is there anybody who knows where to obtain technical info about this.
I am also interested in any other technical information about Tseng ET4000
and Trident 8900 and 9000 chipsets.

			thanks very much

						Pavel Zemcik
						Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Eng.
						Technical University of Brno
						Bozetechova 2
				      CS-612 66 Brno
						Czech Republic
						e-mail: zemcik@dcse.fee.vutbr.cs


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38496
From: scott@osi.com (Scott Fleming)
Subject: Sun IPX root window display - background picture


Hello netters!
 
I have a fairly weak question to ask everybody in netland.  I've looked though
the last FAQ for comp.graphics but I didn't find my answer.  Thus the post.
 
I'll keep it short.
 
QUESTION:  How do I display any raster files, gif files, iff or tiff images
that I have on my "root window" or background?  I have a sun ipc, openwindows
3.0, Sun OS 4.1.3 if that helps any.
 
I've compiled POV for the sun and would like to display some of the work I have
done as a background/tile.  Thanks for any help or information that you
provide.  Have a good day.
 
Scott Fleming
OSI
 
P.S.
Kudo's to the people who provided POV, its great!


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38497
From: markus@octavia.anu.edu.au (Markus Buchhorn)
Subject: HDF readers/viewers



G'day all,

Can anybody point me at a utility which will read/convert/crop/whatnot/
display HDF image files ? I've had a look at the HDF stuff under NCSA 
and it must take an award for odd directory structure, strange storage
approaches and minimalist documentation :-)

Part of the problem is that I want to look at large (5MB+) HDF files and
crop out a section. Ideally I would like a hdftoppm type of utility, from
which I can then use the PBMplus stuff quite merrily. I can convert the cropped
part into another format for viewing/animation.

Otherwise, can someone please explain how to set up the NCSA Visualisation S/W
for HDF (3.2.r5 or 3.3beta) and do the above cropping/etc. This is for
Suns with SunOS 4.1.2.

Any help GREATLY appreciated. Ta muchly !

Cheers,
	Markus

-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]
-- 
Markus Buchhorn, Parallel Computing Research Facility
email = markus@octavia.anu.edu.au
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 , Australia.
[International = +61 6, Australia = 06] [Phone = 2492930, Fax = 2490747]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38498
From: se92psh@brunel.ac.uk (Peter Hauke)
Subject: Re: Grayscale Printer

Jian Lu (jian@coos.dartmouth.edu) wrote:
: We are interested in purchasing a grayscale printer that offers a good
: resoltuion for grayscale medical images.  Can anybody give me some
: recommendations on these products in the market, in particular, those
: under $5000?

: Thank for the advice.
-- 
***********************************
* Peter Hauke @ Brunel University *
*---------------------------------*
*      se92psh@brunel.ac.uk       *
***********************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38499
From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:

> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
> significance".

> When I first read this, I rotfl. Finally some philosphy in a technical
> spec. But still I wondered what makes 42 so significant.

> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy, and rotfl the
> second time. (After millions of years of calculation, the second-best
> computer of all time reveals that 42 is the answer to the question
> about life, the universe and everything)

> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

Yes.

> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

I don't know where Douglas Adams took it from, but I'm pretty sure he's
the one who launched it (in the Guide). Since then it's been showing up 
all over the place.

    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38500
From: oved3b@kih.no (Ove Petter Tro)
Subject: Re: need a viewer for gl files

In article <1qu36i$kh7@dux.dundee.ac.uk>, dwestner@cardhu.mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Dominik Westner) writes:
|> the subject says it all. Is there a PD viewer for gl files (for X)?

Try xviewgl.
(filename xviewgl_v1.1.tar.Z on lots of bases)

- Ove
-- 
- ----------==========###########==========-------- -
    //                     | "What do you think
  \X/ (Yep, me too...)     |  this is?  Real life?"
Ove Petter Tro,            |    - Ford Fairlane.
Kongsberg College          |
of Engineering, Norway     | email: ovep@kih.no
- ----------==========###########==========-------- -


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38501
From: max@slinky.NYU.EDU (David Max)
Subject: 24bit mode on Speedstar 24X


   I have a Diamond Speedstar 24X board that I want to program
for 24 bit 640x480 graphics, or possibly 800x600 16 bit color.
Does anybody have any libraries supporting these modes on this
board? Even somes simple routines to set the graphics mode and
plot individual pixels would be a great help. I plan to use the
routines with djgp.

   Thanks in advance. Please respond also via e-mail.

   David Max
   max@slinky.cs.nyu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38502
From: koolish@bbn.com (Dick Koolish)
Subject: Re: Flat globe

sp1marse@kristin (Marco Seirio) writes:


>Does anybody have an algorithm for "flattening" out a globe, or any other
>parametric surface, that is definied parametrically. 
>That is, I would like to take a sheet of paper and a knife and to be
>able to calculate how I must cut in the paper so I can fold it to a
>globe (or any other object).


There is a library of map projections in:

    charon.er.usgs.gov

in

    /pub/PROJ.4.1.3.tar.Z

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38503
From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: M-MOTION VIDEO CARD: YUV to RGB ?

I'll contact you offline about this.

Rick

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38504
From: wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael)
Subject: Re: XV under MS-DOS ?!?

NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch writes:

>Hi ... Recently I found XV for MS-DOS in a subdirectory of GNU-CC (GNUISH). I 

please tell me where you where you FTP'd this from? I would like to have
a copy of it. (I would have mailed you, but your post indicates you have no mail
address...)

>             
-- 
Wayne Michael
wdm@world.std.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38505
From: ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr19.121925.14451@microware.com>, jejones@microware.com (James Jones) writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
|> >In article <1993Apr15.144843.19549@rchland.ibm.com> Ricardo Hernandez
|> >Muchado, ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com writes:
|> >>   And CD-I's CPU doesn't help much either.  I understand it is
|> >>a 68070 (supposedly a variation of a 68000/68010) running at something
|> >>like 7Mhz.  With this speed, you *truly* need sprites.
|> >
|> >Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
|> >especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
|> >68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D
|> 
|> Don't get too excited; Signetics, not Motorola, gave the 68070 its number.
|> The 68070, if I understand rightly, uses the 68000 instruction set, and has
|> an on-chip serial port and DMA.  (It will run at up to 15 MHz--I'm typing
|> at a computer using a 68070 running at that rate, so I know that it can
|> do so--so I seriously doubt the clock rate that ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com
|> claims.)
|> 
|> 	James Jones

   Just because the 68070 can run upto 15Mhz doesn't mean the CD-I
is running at that speed.  I said -> I understand it is a 68070 running
at something like 7Mhz.  I am not sure, but I think I read this a long
time ago.

   Anyway, still with 15Mhz, you need sprites for a lot of tricks for
making cool awesome games (read psygnosis).

--------------------------------------
Raist  New A1200 owner   320<->1280 in x, 200<->600 in y
in 256,000+ colors from a 24-bit palette.  **I LOVE IT!**<- New Low Fat .sig
*don't e-mail me* -> I don't have a valid address nor can I send e-mail

  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38507
From: nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:

  CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
  CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
  CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
  CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
  CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
  CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
  CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
  CH> Just curious.

I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
into one of these categories.

Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
environment.

--
   /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
  /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
 /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
/nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38508
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <1993Apr14.191415.10553@samba.oit.unc.edu> cptully@med.unc.edu  
(Christopher P. Tully,Pathology,62699) writes:
> Why so up tight?  FOr that matter, TIFF6 is out now, so why not gripe
> about its problems?  Also, if its so important to you, volunteer to
> help define or critique the spec.

I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
infinitely easier to write than to read, which I think hurts your
acceptance by anything that will need to read those images (e.g.,
paint programs).

In a nutshell, I don't think TIFF is salvageable unless the fat is
trimmed significantly- and then it wouldn't be TIFF anymore.  They
keep trying to cut it back, but it's late now.  Maybe they >will< fix it,
and change that magic number to signify the lack of compatibility. 
That would probably make me happy.

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38509
From: cgcad@bart.inescn.pt (Comp. Graphics/CAD)
Subject: Re: Fonts in POV??

Hi.

The RTrace ray tracer supports 3D text as a primitive, not collections of
spheres, cylinders and so on...
The 3D chars are made of lines and splines that are extruded...

Please have a look at asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory
pub/RTrace.
In pub/RTrace/tmp there are some demo images with high quality text.
All of them are called Text?.jpg (JPEG encoded). See them first and then
tell me what you think.

Regards,
Antonio.
.........................................................................
     O     O
    /     /                        I N E S C
   | O   |        Antonio Costa        | E-Mail   acc@asterix.inescn.pt
   | |\  |   O                         |          acosta@porto.inescn.pt
   | | \ |  /  O  Comp. Graphics & CAD | DECnet   porto::a_costa
   | |  \| /  /                        |
   | |  /  | |    Largo Mompilher 22   | UUCP     {mcvax,...}!...
   O | |-O | |    4100 Porto PORTUGAL  | Bell     +351+02+321006
    /   \ /   \
   O     O     O          "Let the good times roll..."



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38510
From: cgcad@bart.inescn.pt (Comp. Graphics/CAD)
Subject: RTrace 8.2.0

There is a new version of the RTrace ray-tracing package (8.2.0) at
asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory pub/RTrace.
Check the README file.

RTrace now can use the SUIT toolkit to have a nice user interface.
Compile it with -DSUIT or modify the Makefile.
SUIT is available at suit@uvacs.cs.virginia.edu
I have binaries of RTrace with SUIT for SUN Sparc, SGI Indigo
and DOS/GO32.
Please contact me if interested.

****************************************

The MAC RTrace 1.0 port is in directory pub/RTrace/Macintosh
Thanks to Reid Judd (reid.judd@east.sun.com) and
Greg Ferrar (gregt@function.mps.ohio-state.edu).

****************************************

Small changes were done since version 8.1.0, mainly:

1. Now it is possible to discard backface polygons and triangles
   for fast preview...

2. The support program scn2sff has been reworked to use temp files.

****************************************

Here goes a short description of current converters from
CAD/molecular/chemistry packages to the SCN format.

The package programs are related as below (those marked with * have been
modified)

	       irit2scn
     IRIT ----------------|
                          |               NFF (nffclean, nffp2pp)
	        sol2scn   |                |
    ACAD11 ---------------|                | nff2sff
                          |                |
	        mol2scn	  v    scn2sff*    v	rtrace*
   ALCHEMY  -----------> SCN -----------> SFF ----------> PIC or PPM
			  ^      cpp                           |
	        pdb2scn   |                                 picmix
     PDB -----------------|                                 picblend
			  |                                 ppmmix*
	       chem2scn   |                                 ppmblend*
   CHEMICAL --------------|
                          |
                3ds2scn*  |
  3D STUDIO --------------|
                          |
                iv2scn*   |
 IRIS Inventor -----------|

****************************************

The DOS port of RTrace is in pub/RTrace/PC-386 (rtrac820.arj,
utils820.arj and image820.arj). See the README file there.
Requires DJGPP GO32 DOS extender (version 1.09 included), which can be
found in directory pub/PC/djgpp (and in many sites around netland).
There are also demo scenes, manuals and all the source code...

****************************************

Please feel free to get it and use it.
Hope you like it.

Regards,
Antonio Costa.
.........................................................................
     O     O
    /     /                        I N E S C
   | O   |        Antonio Costa        | E-Mail   acc@asterix.inescn.pt
   | |\  |   O                         |
   | | \ |  /  O  Comp. Graphics & CAD | DECnet   porto::acosta
   | |  \| /  /                        |
   | |  /  | |    Largo Mompilher 22   | UUCP     {mcvax,...}!...
   O | |-O | |    4100 Porto PORTUGAL  | Bell     +351+02+321006
    /   \ /   \
   O     O     O          "Let the good times roll..."



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38511
From: clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In <1993Apr19.193758.12091@unocal.com> stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:

>Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
>that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
>hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
>so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.

So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

Louis

-- 
I'm hanging on your words, Living on your breath, Feeling with your skin,
Will I always be here?  -- In Your Room [ DM ]


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38512
From: bosch@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de (Gerhard Bosch)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <NERONE.93Apr20085951@sylvester.cc.utexas.edu>, nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone) writes:
|> In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
|> 
|>   CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
|>   CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
|>   CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
|>   CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
|>   CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
|>   CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
|>   CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|>   CH> Just curious.
|> 
|> I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
|> already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
|> into one of these categories.
|> 
|> Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
|> groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
|> would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
|> environment.
|> 
|> --
|>    /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
|>   /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
|>  /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
|> /nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\

Hi,
It might be nice to know, what's possible on different hard ware platforms.
But usually the hard ware is fixed ( in my case either Unix or DOS- PC ).
So I'm not much interested in Amiga news. 

In the case of Software, I won't get any comercial software mentioned in this
newgroup to run on a Unix- platform, so I'm not interested in this information.

I would suggest to split the group. I don't see the problem of cross-posting.
Then you need to read just 2 newgroups with half the size. 

BUT WHAT WOULD BE MORE IMPORTANT IS TO HAVE A FAQ. THIS WOULD REDUCE THE
TRAFFIC A LOT.

Sincerely, Gerhard
-- 
I'm writing this as a privat person, not reflecting any opinions of the Inst.
of Hydromechanics,  the University of Karlsruhe, the Land Baden-Wuerttemberg,
the Federal Republic of Germany and  the European Community.  The address and
phone number below  are just to get in touch with me.  Everything I'm saying, 
writing and typing is always wrong ! (Statement necessary to avoid law suits)
=============================================================================
-    Dipl.-Ing. Gerhard Bosch M.Sc.             voice:(0721) - 608 3118     -
-    Institute for Hydromechanic                  FAX:(0721) - 608 4290     -
-    University of Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, 7500-Karlsruhe, Germany     -
-    Internet: bosch@ifh-hp2.bau-verm.uni-karlsruhe.de                      -
-      Bitnet: nd07@DKAUNI2.BITNET                                          -
=============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38513
From: mini@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Padmini Srivathsa)
Subject: WANTED : Info on Image Databases

  Guess the subject says it all.
  I would like references to any introductory material on Image
  Databases.
  Please send any pointers to mini@point.cs.uwm.edu

  Thanx in advance!
   



-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-< MINI >-           mini@point.cs.uwm.edu | mini@csd4.csd.uwm.edu 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38514
From: glp@phillson.cray.com (Gordon Phillips)
Subject: Lyon lamb minivas-2 control of abekas A66


We have a minivas-2 and we want to record to an Abekas A66.
We have most of the functions working but when we go to
set up a record the minivas hangs. We are sending the
abekas SMPTE time code. Does anyone have code we can
compare to what we have done and is there and ftp site
for minivas and abekas code.

Gordon Phillips
glp@cray.com
-- 
Gordon Phillips - glp@cray.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38515
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: Stay Away from MAG Innovision!!!

In <16BB58B33.D1SAR@VM1.CC.UAKRON.EDU> D1SAR@VM1.CC.UAKRON.EDU (Steve Rimar) writes:
>My Mag MX15F works fine....................

Mine was beautiful for a year and a half.  Then it went <foomp>.  I bought
a ViewSonic 6FS instead.  Another great monitor, IMHO.

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38516
From: capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Capelli)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.

See:
   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.
_______________________________________________________________________

...Ron Capelli                 IBM Corp.  Dept. C13,  MS. P230
   capelli@vnet.ibm.com        PO Box 950
   (914) 435-1673              Poughkeepsie, NY  12602
_______________________________________________________________________

"There are no answers, only cross references."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38517
From: oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it (Jacques Oberto)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

CBW790S@vma.smsu.edu.Ext (Corey Webb) writes:

>In article <1993Apr19.160944.20236W@baron.edb.tih.no>
>havardn@edb.tih.no (Haavard Nesse,o92a) writes:
>>
>>Could anyone tell me if it's possible to save each frame
>>of a .gl (grasp) animation to .gif, .jpg, .iff or any other
>>picture formats.
>>
> 
>     If you have the GRASP animation system, then yes, it's quite easy.
>You simply use GLIB to extract the image (each "frame" in a .GL is
>actually a complete .PCX or .CLP file), then use one of MANY available
>utilities to convert it.  If you don't have the GRASP package, I'm afraid
>I can't help you.  Sorry.
>     By the way, before you ask, GRASP (GRaphics Animation System for
>Professionals) is a commercial product that sells for just over US$300
>from most mail-order companies I've seen.  And no, I don't have it.  :)
> 
> 
>                                               Corey Webb
> 

There are several public domain utilities available at your usual
archive site that allow 'extraction' of single frames from a .gl
file, check in the 'graphics' directories under *grasp.  The problem 
is that the .clp files you generate cannot be decoded by any of 
the many pd format converters I have used. Any hint welcome!
Let me know if you have problems locating the utilities.
Hope it helps.

-- 
Jacques Oberto  <oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38518
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In <1r0ms5$k65@ratatosk.uninett.no> joachim@kih.no (joachim lous) writes:
>> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?
>I don't know where Douglas Adams took it from, but I'm pretty sure he's
>the one who launched it (in the Guide). Since then it's been showing up 
>all over the place.

Douglas Adams once said (paraphrased from memory): "I just picked it.  It
seemed like the sort of number you wouldn't be afraid to take home to meet
your parents.  Nice and even, perfectly normal."

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38519
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: XV under MS-DOS ?!?

In <1993Apr20.083731.260@eicn.etna.ch> NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch writes:
>Do somenone know the solution to run XV ??? any help would be apprecied..

I would guess that it requires X, almost certainly DV/X, which commonly
uses the GO32 (DJGPP) setup for its programs.  If you don't have DV/X
running, you can't get anything which requires interfacing with X.

-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"I gotta get me another hat."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38520
From: ktt3@unix.brighton.ac.uk (Koon Tang)
Subject: PostScript driver for GINO

Does anybody know where I can get, via anonymous ftp or otherwise, a PostScript
driver for the graphics libraries GINO verison 3.0A ?

We are runnining on a VAX/VMS and are looking for a way outputing our plots to a
PostScript file...


Thanks in advance...
-- 
Koon Tang,                                internet: ktt3@unix.bton.ac.uk
Department of Mathematical Sciences,          uucp: uknet!itri!ktt3
University of Brighton,
Brighton,
BN2 4GJ,
U.K.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38521
From: jfreund@taquito.engr.ucdavis.edu (Jason Freund)
Subject: Info on Medical Imaging systems


	Hi, 

	Is anyone into medical imaging?  I have a good ray tracing background,
and I'm interested in that field.  Could you point me to some sources?  Or
better yet, if you have any experience, do you want to talk about what's
going on or what you're working on?

Thanks,
Jason Freund

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38522
From: tristant@syma.sussex.ac.uk (Tristan Tarrant)
Subject: Paradise VGA

I have a Paradise SVGA with 1Mb, the 90c030 chip (1D). The docs say that
I can display the following modes : 640x480x32k colours and 800x600x32k cols
if I have the RAMDAC HiColor Chip. I have checked the board and I do have
such a chip. Now, the problem is that I can't get this mode to work !
Graphics Workshop 6.1 claims that it can display 24 bit images dithered
down to 15 bit colour with my board, but it doesn't work. I have tried
writing some assembler code to get the modes working and I have found out
that each pixel is addressed by a word ( 16 bit ), but only the lower 8 bits
are considered ( this happens in 800x600 mode, the 640x480 mode refuses to
work i.e. remains in text mode ).
Could someone please help me.

Tristan

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38523
From: dotzlaw@ccu.umanitoba.ca (Helmut Dotzlaw)
Subject: Anti-aliasing utility wanted

I am currently using POVRay on Mac and was wondering if anyone in netland
knows of public domain anti-aliasing utilities so that I can skip this step
in POV, very slow on this machine.  Any suggestions, opinions about
post-trace anti-aliasing would be greatly appreciated.

             Helmut Dotzlaw
Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
         University of Manitoba
            Winnipeg, Canada
        dotzlaw@ccu.umanitoba.ca

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38524
From: lmp8913@rigel.tamu.edu (PRESTON, LISA M)
Subject: Another CVIEW question (was CView answers)


	Has anybody gotten CVIEW to work in 32k or 64k color mode on a Trident
8900c hi-color card? At best the colors come out screwed up, and at worst the 
program hangs. I loaded the VESA driver, and the same thing happens on 2 
different machines.

	If it doesn't work on the Trident, does anybody know of a viewer that 
does?

Thanx!
LISA 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38525
From: tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Re: Sun IPX root window display - background picture


I'm not sure if you got the information you were looking for, so I'll
post it anyway for the general public.  To load an image on your root
window add this line to the end of your .xsession file:

 xloadimage -onroot -fullscreen <gif_file_name> &

This is assuming of course you have the xloadimage client, and as
for the switches, I think they pretty much explain what is going on.
If you leave out the <&>, the terminal locks till you kill it.
(You already knew that though...)

Hope this helps.

Daemon

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38526
From: lasse@mits.mdata.fi (Lasse Reinikainen)
Subject: Re: WANTED: Multi-page GIF!!

In article <1993Apr20.053250.24854@worak.kaist.ac.kr> stjohn@math1.kaist.ac.kr (Ryou Seong Joon) writes:
>Hi!... 
>
>I am searching for packages that could handle Multi-page GIF
>files...    

If you are looking for viewer try VPIC60

    __________________           __
    \_________________|)____.---'--`---.____
                  ||    \----.________.----/
                  ||     / /    `--'                  lasse@mits.mdata.fi
                __||____/ /_
               |___         \
                   `--------'


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38527
From: tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
Subject: Ray tracer for ms-dos?


Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)

Thanks in advance

Daemon


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38528
From: madler@cco.caltech.edu (Mark Adler)
Subject: Re: images of earth


>> So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>> The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

I'm sure the whole newspaper is copyrighted.  They could have gotten
permission to use the image under their own copyright.

mark

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38529
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr20.143434.5069@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:
>In <1993Apr19.193758.12091@unocal.com> stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:
>
>>Beware.  There is only one such *copyrighted* image and the company
>>that generated is known to protect that copyright.  That image took
>>hundreds of man-hours to build from the source satellite images,
>>so it is unlikely that competing images will appear soon.
>
>So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

(1) No explicit (c) is necessary.  If it the image is attributed to the
Geosphere Company, then there is a likelihood permission is has been
given to reprint.

(2) Unlikely that the owner can or will go after individuals.
However, "interesting" images do make their way into ads and
computer demos. That is when a pirate might get some flak.
This image is considered so "interesting" that many people would
like to use it whenever some global map is needed, so there
is lots of temptation.

(3) One mail person said since the source data- satellite imagery-
is not copyrighted, then the derived image can't be.  Not true.
A new, distinctive, creative expression of the data can be protected.
This image is certainly fits such, since NO ONE ELSE has taken the
tremendous effort to re-create it themselves.  Precedent is a recent
telephone book court case.  Ma Bell tried to copyright the data in
their books and prevent competitors from copying it (there are
trick entries in the book).  But the court only permitted copyright
of the expression of the data, and not the data themselves. (You cant
xerox and sell the telephone book.)

(4) There will be more attention to digital copyrights in the future
and computer becomes a mass product and moguls such as Bill Gates
are currently hoarding the digital copyrights.

(5) I'd prefer that Geosphere put this data in the public domain because
it is very interesting to me and others, but that's the way things are.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38530
From: dingebre@imp.sim.es.com (David Ingebretsen)
Subject: Re: images of earth

I downloaded an image of the earth re-constructed from elevation data taken
at 1/2 degree increments. The author (not me) wrote some c-code (included)
that read in the data file and generated b&w and pseudo color images. They
work very well and are not incumbered by copyright. They are at an aminet
site near you called earth.lha in the amiga/pix/misc area...

I refer you to the included docs for the details on how the author (sorry, I
forget his name) created these images. The raw data is not included.

-- 
	David

	David M. Ingebretsen
	Evans & Sutherland Computer Corp.
	dingebre@thunder.sim.es.com

	Disclaimer: The content of this message in no way reflects the
	            opinions of my employer, nor are my actions
		    encouraged, supported, or acknowledged by my
		    employer.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38531
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Need polygon splitting algo...


In article <1qvq4b$r4t@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au>, g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad) writes:
|> 
|> The idea is to clip one polygon using another polygon (not
|> necessarily rectangular) as a window.  My problem then is in
|> finding out all the new vertices of the resulting "subpolygons"
|> from the first one.  Is this simply a matter of extending the
|> usual algorithm whereby each of the edges of one polygon is checked
|> against another polygon???  Is there a simpler way??
|> 
|> Comments welcome.
|> 
|> Noel.

	It depends on what kind of the polygons. 
	Convex - simple, concave - trouble, concave with loop(s)
	inside - big trouble.

	Of cause, you can use the box test to avoid checking
	each edges. According to my experience, there is not
	a simple way to go. The headache stuff is to deal with
	the special cases, for example, the overlapped lines.

	Yeh
	USC

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38532
From: johnh@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu (John J Humpal)
Subject: Re: images of earth

In article <1993Apr20.143434.5069@cs.ruu.nl> clldomps@cs.ruu.nl (Louis van Dompselaar) writes:

>So they should sue the newspaper I got it from for printing it.
>The article didn't say anything about copyrights.

	The newspaper itself is almost certainly copyrighted in its
entirety.  Newspapers generally employ legal staffs which make sure
they get permission to use a copyrighted image or text.  Did you
do the same?
-- 
-John

John J. Humpal -- johnh@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu -- short .sig, std. disclaimer


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38533
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: comp.graphics.programmer

In article <1qukk7INNd4l@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu> lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu  
writes:
> However, that is almost overkill.  Something more like this would probably
> make EVERYONE a lot happier:
> 
> comp.graphics.programmer
> comp.graphics.hardware
> comp.graphics.apps
> comp.graphics.misc

That's closer, but I dislike "apps".  "software" (vs. "hardware")
would be better.  Would that engulf alt.graphics.pixutils?  Or would
that be "programmer"?

I don't know if traffic is really heavy enough to warrant a newsgroup
split.  Look how busy comp.graphics.research is (not).

It's true that a lot of the traffic here is rehashing FAQs and
discussing things that would probably be better diverted to
system-specific groups, but I don't know whether a split would help
or hurt that cause.

Maybe we need a comp.graphics.RTFB for all those people who can't be
bothered to read the fine books out there.  Right, Dr. Rogers? :-)

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38534
From: daniel@lclark.edu (Daniel Snodgrass)
Subject: Re: stand alone editing suite.

In article <1qvkaeINNgat@shelley.u.washington.edu> eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler) writes:
>I need some help.  We are upgrading our animation/video editing stand. We
>are looking into the different type of setups for A/B roll and a cuts only
>station.  We would like this to be controlled by a computer ( brand doesnt matter but maybe MAC, or AMIGA).  Low end to high end system setups would be very
>helpful. If you have a system or use a system that might be of use, could you
>mail me your system requirements, what it is used for, and all the hardware and
>software that will be necessary to set the system up.  If you need more 
>info, you  can mail me at   eylerken@u.washington.edu
>
>thanks in advance.
>
>:ken
>:eylerken@u.washington.edu


Here at Lewis and Clark College we have recently installed a Digital Film
system (based on the Mac Quadra) that does non-linear, full digital editing.

If you're considering such a system, here are the pros and cons:

For the educational environment, this system is excellent.  We use it to
produce a variety of educational materials for disemination on our local
network.  Because this programming is going to be viewed on other Macs, the
image quality is not as important as the ability to directly export the
video to the Net.

We also use it to produce orientiation and promotional video programs for
use by the Lewis & Clark community.  Since these programs are not meant for
commercial or broadcast use, image quality is not critical.

The Digital Film system, for those of you who are uninitiated, is an A/B roll
digitizing system on one $5000 JPEG compression card.  It was promoted as
an inexpensive online editing system with SVHS quality.  SuperMac, the maker
of the card, is trying to achieve this quality level, but as yet, has been
unable to deliver.  Our system produces "near VHS" quality at 30 fields per
second (640x480 overscan).  The card repeats every other field to get 60
fields per second.  This results in a kind of Super 8 film look that some
find distracting.

If you can get past this problem, you'll find the Adobe Premier editing 
software quite enjoyable with which to work.  It produces thousands of
different effects from crystalize filters to DVE transitions to color matting.

Because of its non-linear nature, editing is fast and easy.  If you've ever
used (or seen used) an AVID or Montage system, you'll recognize the methodology
and the user interface.

The total system with Quadra 950 (40Megs of RAM), 1 gig drive, 21" Apple mon-
itor, Panasonic SVHS 1960 edit deck, audio gear (cassette, CD, EQ, mixer, etc),
Composite monitor, Digital Film card will set you back about $20,000.

For you video cowboys and girls, this system will not output at a quality
that will satisfy most of your clients.  Even though you can perform more
effects than a toasterhead can imagine, an Amiga based off-line based system
will look better.

We use both Macs and Amigas for our video work.  Each for what each does best!


Dan Snodgrass
Media Services
Lewis & Clark College
Portland

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38535
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: XV problems

[Please, note the Newsgroups.]

Recent discussion about XV's problems were held in some newsgroup.
Here is some text users of XV might find interesting.
I have added more to text to this collection article, so read on, even
you so my articles a while ago.

I hope author of XV corrects those problems as best he can, so fine
program XV is that it is worth of improving.
(I have also minor ideas for 24bit XV, e-mail me for them.)

Any misundertanding of mine is understandable.


Juhana Kouhia


==clip==

[ ..deleted..]

Note that 'xv' saves only 8bit/rasterized images; that means that
the saved jpegs are just like jpeg-to-gif-to-jpeg quality.
Also, there's three kind of 8bit quantizers; your final image quality
depends on them too.
 
This were the situation when I read jpeg FAQ a while ago.
 
IMHO, it is design error of 'xv'; there should not be such confusing
errors in programs.
There's two errors:
  -xv allows the saving of 8bit/rasterized image as jpeg even the
   original is 24bit -- saving 8bit/rasterized image instead of
   original 24bit should be a special case
  -xv allows saving the 8bit/rasterized image made with any quantizer
   -- the main case should be that 'xv' quantizes the image with the
   best quantizer available before saving the image to a file; lousier
   quantizers should be just for viewing purposes (and a special cases
   in saving the image, if at all)
 
==clip==

==clip==

[ ..deleted..]

It is limit of *XV*, but not limit of design.
It is error in design.
It is error that 8bit/quantized/rasterized images are stored as jpegs;
jpeg is not designed to that.

As matter of fact, I'm sure when XV were designed 24bit displays were
known. It is not bad error to program a program for 8bit images only
at that time, but when 24bit image formats are included to program the
whole design should be changed to support 24bit images.
That were not done and now we have
 -the program violate jpeg design (and any 24bit image format)
 -the program has human interface errors.

Otherway is to drop saving images as jpegs or any 24bit format without
clearly saying that it is special case and not expected in normal use.

[ ..deleted.. ]

==clip==

Some new items follows.

==clip==

I have seen that XV quantizes the image sometimes poorly with -best24
option than with default option we have.
The reason surely is the quantizer used as -best24; it is (surprise)
the same than used in ppmquant.

If you remember, I have tested some quantizers. In that test I found
that rlequant (with default) is best, then comes djpeg, fbmquant, xv
(our default) in that order. In my test ppmquant suggeeded very poorly
-- it actually gave image with bad artifacts.

I don't know is ppmquant improved any, but I expect no.
So, use of XV's -best24 option is not very good idea.

I suggest that author of XV changes the quantizer to the one used in
rlequant -- I'm sure rle-people gives permission.
(Another could be one used in ImageMagick; I have not tested it, so I
can say nothing about it.)

==clip==

==clip==

Some minor bugs in human interface are:

Key pressings and cursor clicks goes to a buffer; Often it happens
that I make click errors or press keyboard when cursor is in the wrong
place. It is very annoying when you have waited image to come about
five minutes and then it is gone away immediately.
The buffer should be cleaned when the image is complete.

Also, good idea is to wait few seconds before activating keyboard
and mouse for XV after the image is completed.
Often it happens that image pops to the screen quickly, just when
I'm writing something with editor or such. Those key pressings
then go to XV and image has gone or something weird.

In the color editor, when I turn a color meter and release it, XV
updates the images. It is impossible to change all RGB values first
and then get the updated image. It is annoying wait image to be
updated when the setting are not ready yet.
I suggest of adding an 'apply' button to update the exchanges done.

==clip==

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38536
From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu> tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>From: tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw)
>Subject: Newsgroup Split
>Date: 19 Apr 1993 19:43:52 GMT
>Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
>doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
>this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
>different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
>a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
>for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
>Just curious.
>
>
>Daemon
>

Actuallay I don't, but on the other hand I don't support the idea of having
one newsgroup for every aspect of graphics programming as proposed by Brian,
in his reply to my original posting.
I would suggest a looser structure more like a comp.graphics.programmer,
comp.graphics.hw_and_sw
The reason for making as few groups as possible is for the same reason you
say we shouldn't spilt up, not to get to few postings every day.
I takes to much time to browse through all postings just to find two or 
three I'm interested in.

I understand and agree when you say you want all aspects of graphics in one
meeting. I agree to some extension. I see news as a forum to exchange ideas,
help others or to be helped. I think this is difficult to achive if there
are so many different things in one meeting.

Good evening netters|-)

Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38537
From: jbrandt@NeoSoft.com (J Brandt)
Subject: Beta Testers Wanted for Graphics Libraries


  Visual Numerics Inc. (formerly IMSL and Precision Visuals) is in the
process of securing sites for beta testing X Exponent Graphics 1.0 
and C Exponent Graphics 2.0.  (Both X Exponent Graphics and C Exponent
Graphics are 3GL products).  The beta period is from April 26 through 
June 18.  The platform is HP9000/700 running under OS 8.07 with 
ansi C 8.71 compiler.  The media will be sent on 4mm DAT cartridge 
tape.  Here are some of the key facts about the two products.
 
X Exponent Graphics 1.0 key facts:
 
1. Complete collection of high-level 2D and 3D application plot types
   available through a large collection of X resources.
2. Cstom widget for OSF/Motif developers.
3. Built-in interactive GUI for plot customization.
4. Easily-implemented callbacks for customized application feedback.
5. XEG 1.0, being built on the Xt Toolkit provides the user a widget 
   library that conforms to the expected syntax and standards familar 
   to X programmers.
6. XEG will also be sold as a bundle with Visual Edge's UIM/X product.
   This will enable user to use a GUI builder to create the graphical
   layout of an application.
 
C Exponent Graphics 2.0 key facts:
 
1. Written in C for C application programmers/developers.  The library
   is 100% written in C, and the programming interface conforms to C
   standards, taking advantage fo the most desirable features of C.
2. Build-in GUI for interactive plot customization.  Through mouse 
   interaction, the user has complete interactive graph output control
   with over 200 graphics attributes for plot customization.
3. Large collection of high-level application functions for "two-call"
   graph creation.  A wide variety of 2D and 3D plot types are available
   with minimal programming effort.
4. User ability to interrupt and control the X event.  By controlling
   the X event loop, when the user use the mouse to manipulate the  plot
   the user can allow CEG to control the event loop or the user can 
   control the event loop.
 
If anyone is interested in beta testing either of the products, please
contact Wendy Hou at Visual Numerics via email at hou@imsl.com or call
713-279-1066.
 
 
-- 
Jaclyn Brandt
jbrandt@NeoSoft.com
--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38538
From: "danny hawrysio" <danny.hawrysio@canrem.com>
Subject: radiosity


-> I am looking for source-code for the radiosity-method.

 I don't know what kind of machine you want it for, but the program
Radiance comes with 'C' source code - I don't have ftp access so I
couldn't tell you where to get it via that way.
--
Canada Remote Systems - Toronto, Ontario
416-629-7000/629-7044

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38539
From: andreasa@dhhalden.no (ANDREAS ARFF)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <NERONE.93Apr20085951@sylvester.cc.utexas.edu> nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone) writes:
>From: nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone)
>Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split
>Date: 20 Apr 93 08:59:51
>In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>
>  CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in
>  CH> favor of doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of
>  CH> graphics by reading this group, from code to hardware to
>  CH> algorithms.  I just think making 5 different groups out of this
>  CH> is a wate, and will only result in a few posts a week per group.
>  CH> I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum for
>  CH> discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
>  CH> Just curious.
>
>I must agree.  There is a dizzying number of c.s.amiga.* newsgroups
>already.  In addition, there are very few issues which fall cleanly
>into one of these categories.
>
>Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
>groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
>would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
>environment.
>
>--
>   /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\
>  /    Michael Nerone   \"I shall do so with my customary lack of tact; and\
> /   Internet Address:   \since you have asked for this, you will be obliged\
>/nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu\to pardon it."-Sagredo, fictional char of Galileo.\


Maybe I should point out that we are not talking about c.s.amiga.*.
Only comp.graphics.

Arff
"Also for the not religous confessor, there is a mystery of higher values,
who's birth mankind - to the last - builds upon. They are indisputible. And 
often disregarded. Seldom you hear them beeing prized, as seldom as you hear 
a seeing man prizeing what he sees." Per Lagerkvist, The Fist 
(Free translation from Swedish)
              --Andreas Arff  andreasa@dhhalden.no--

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38540
From: srlnjal@grace.cri.nz
Subject: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL


Does anyone know of software that will allow
you to convert CorelDraw (.CDR) files
containing bitmaps to SCODAL, as this is the
only format our bureau's filmrecorder recognises.

Jeff Lyall
Inst.Geo.Nuc.Sci.Ltd
Lower Hutt New Zealand


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38541
From: idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <C5nF8t.Gsq@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>>	A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, done in C and
>ASM.  I need a faster way to draw concave polygons that the method I have right
>now, which is very slow.

What kind of polygons?  Shaded?  Texturemapped?  Hm?  More comes into play with
fast routines than just "polygons".  It would be nice to know exaclty what
system (VGA is a start, but what processor?) and a few of the specifics of the
implementation.  You need to give  more info if you want to get any answers! :P

                                  - Ian Romanick
                                    Dancing Fool of Epsilon

[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]
 | Were the contained thoughts 'opinions',     EPN.NTSC.quality = Best|
 | PSU would probably not agree with them.                            |
 |                                                                    |
 | "Look, I don't know anything about                                 |
 | douche, but I do know Anti-Freeze                                  |
 | when I see it!" - The Dead Milkmen                                 |
[]--------------------------------------------------------------------[]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38542
From: xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao)
Subject: more on radiosity



In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
|>
|>
|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
|> I finished it.
|>
|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
|> to finish it.


 Are you using the traditional radiosity method, progressive refinement, or
  something else in your package?

 If you need to project patches on the hemi-cube surfaces, what technique are
  you using?  Do you have hardware to facilitate the projection?


|>
|> In the meantime you may have a look at the file
|>   Radiosity_code.tar.Z
|> located at
|>   compute1.cc.ncsu.edu


  What are the guest username and password for this ftp site?


|>
|> (there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)
|>
|> Hope that'll help.
|>
|> Yours
|>
|> Stephan
|>


   Thanks, Stephan.


    Josephine

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38545
From: kaufman@Xenon.Stanford.EDU (Marc T. Kaufman)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

joachim@kih.no (joachim lous) writes:

>ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:
-> According to the TIFF 5.0 Specification, the TIFF "version number"
-> (bytes 2-3) 42 has been chosen for its "deep philosophical 
-> significance".

-> Last week, I read the Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy, and rotfl the
-> second time. (After millions of years of calculation, the second-best
-> computer of all time reveals that 42 is the answer to the question
-> about life, the universe and everything)

-> Is this actually how they picked the number 42?

>Yes.

-> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

   At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in
his note-book, called out "Silence!" and read out from his book
"Rule Forty-two. All persons more than a mile high to leave the court."
   Everybody looked at Alice.
   "I'm not a mile high," said Alice.
   "You are," said the King.
   "Nearly two miles high," added the queen.
   "Well, I sha'n't go, at any rate," said Alice; "besides, that's not
a regular rule: you invented it just now."
   "It's the oldest rule in the book," said the King.
   "Then it ought to be Number One," said Alice.

-- 
Marc Kaufman (kaufman@CS.Stanford.EDU)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38546
From: ddeciacco@cix.compulink.co.uk (David Deciacco)
Subject: Re: Another CVIEW question (wa


In-Reply-To: <20APR199312262902@rigel.tamu.edu> lmp8913@rigel.tamu.edu (PRESTON, LISA M)

I have a trident card and fullview works real gif jpg try it#
dave

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38547
From: seth@north13.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: univesa driver


	I got the univesa driver available over the net. I thought that finally
my 1-meg oak board would be able to show 680x1024 256 colors. Unfortunately a
program still says that I can't do this. Is it the fault of the program (fractint)
or is there something wrong with my card.
	univesa- a free driver available over the net that makes many boards
vesa compatible. 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38548
From: ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Edward d Nobles)
Subject: windows imagine??!!


I sent off for my copy today...   Snail Mail.   Hope to get it back in
about ten days.  (Impulse said "a week".)

I hope it's as good as they claim...

Jim Nobles

(Hope I have what it takes to use it...  :>)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38549
From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <7306@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
>What kind of polygons?  Shaded?  Texturemapped?  Hm?  More comes into play with
>fast routines than just "polygons".  It would be nice to know exaclty what
>system (VGA is a start, but what processor?) and a few of the specifics of the
>implementation.  You need to give  more info if you want to get any answers! :P

I don't want texture mapped, cause if I did I'd asked for them. :)  Just
a simple and fast routine to do filled polygons.  As for the processor, it'd
be for a minimum of a 286... maybe 386 if I can't find a good one for 286s.
Ideally, I want a polyn function that can clip to a user-defined viewport,
and write to an arbitrary location in memory.  Of course the chances of
finding something like that are pretty remote, so I guess I'd need the source
with it.  Oh, and I guess it would need to be in ASM otherwise it'd be too
slow.  I've seen some polygon routines in C, and they've all been waaay too
slow.  Its for a 3D vector graphics program.  I've been hunting high and low
for a polyn function in ASM, and I can't find one anywhere that I can use.
I've found one or two polyn functions, but my ASM is pretty bad, so I won't
even try to rewrite them. :)
		//Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38550
From: yoo@engr.ucf.edu (Hoi Yoo)
Subject: Ribbon Information ?



Does anyone out there have or know of, any kind of utility program for

Ribbons?


Ribbons are a popular representation for 2D shape.  I am trying to
find symmetry axis in a given any 2D shape using ribbons.


Any suggestions will be greatly appreciated how to start program. 


Thanks very much in advance,
Hoi


yoo@engr.ucf.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38551
Subject: Need rgb data from saved images
From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>

  Could someone please help me find a program or figure out how to extract a li
st of R G B values for each pixel in an image.  I can convert between tga and s
everal other popular formats but I need the R G B values for use in a program I
 am writing.  Thanks for the help

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38552
From: quan@sol.surv.utas.edu.au (Stephen Quan)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:

>In article <1993Apr17.192947.11230@sophia.smith.edu> orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke) writes:
>>In article <C5n3x0.B5L@news.cso.uiuc.edu> osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:
>>>[...], but I'm looking for a fast polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>>A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, [...]

Hi, I've come across a fast triangle fill-draw routine for mode 13h.  By
calling this routine enough times, you have a fast polygon drawing routine.

I think I ftp'ed from wuarchive.wustl.edu:/pub/MSDOS_UPLOADS/programming.
I have a copy of it so I reupload it there.  The triangle.txt file has this
to say :

>  C and inline assembly source for a VGA mode 13h triangle drawer.

--
Stephen Quan (quan@sol.surv.utas.edu.au)      Tel : 002 202844 (local)
Research Fellow, Computer Scientist,          Fax : 002 240282 (local)
Centre for Spatial Information Systems,       Tel : 61 02 202844
University of Tasmania, Australia.            Fax : 61 02 240282

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38553
From: ykim@cs.columbia.edu (Yong Su Kim)
Subject: Fast wireframe graphics


I am working on a program to display 3d wireframe models with the user
being able to arbitrarily change any of the viewing parameters.  Also,
the wireframe objects are also going to have dynamic attributes so
that they can move around while the user is "exploring" the wireframe
world.

To do this, I am thinking of using the SRGP package described in the
Van Dam, Foley and Feiner book, but I was wondering if there was
another PD graphics package out there which was faster.  I would like
to make the program as fast as possible so that it provides
satisfactory real time performance on a Sun IPX.

Ideally, I'm looking for a PD graphics package which will allow me to
open a new window under X, and allow me to draw lines within the
window.  Also, it would also need to have some sort of event driven
interaction handling since the user is going to move around the
wireframe models using the keyboard.

If you know or wrote such a package, I would be grateful if you could
direct me to a ftp site which contains the package.

Thank you.

-- 
===============================================================================
Yong Su Kim, Class of 1993		|  Internet: yk4@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu
Columbia College, Columbia University   |        or  ykim@cs.columbia.edu
			

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38554
From: olson@anchor.esd.sgi.com (Dave Olson)
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

In <1qjrec$qem@network.ucsd.edu> spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont) writes:
| What I *am* annoyed about is the fact that we were led to believe that
| we *would* be able to upgrade to a multiprocessor version of the
| Crimson without the assistance of a fork lift truck.

It should have been made fairly clear that the *most* Crimson would
ever get was a 150 (75 old style) MHz CPU upgrade.  Certainly this
was mentioned on comp.sys.sgi on more than one occasion as being
likely.  If our sales folks were saying otherwise, they were either
confused, or less than honest/ethical, or somebody further up the
chain inside SGI was misleading them.

| I'm also annoyed about being sold *several* Personal IRISes at a
| previous site on the understanding *that* architecture would be around
| for a while, rather than being flushed.

There were 4 versions (20, 25, 30, 35), although admittedly the 30 came
out at the same time as the 35, over a period of 2 1/2 years.  The
chassis simply couldn't be pushed any further.  I'd say 4 years was
a pretty good lifespan, myself, for a system design in this day and
age.  Getting the 35 to work caused a lot of gray hairs in both the
hardware and product design groups; we would have been out of our
minds to push it further, and I *know* that was made clear, almost
from the day the 35 started shipping.  We had one last kicker in
the form of the Elan graphics, which made 3 graphics versions over
its lifespan, which I also think is pretty good.

| Now I understand that SGI is responsible to its investors and has to
| keep showing a positive quarterly bottom line (odd that I found myself
| pressured on at least two occasions to get the business on the books
| just before the end of the quarter), but I'm just a little tired of
| getting boned in the process.

Please, by all means send a complaint letter through SGI support
or sales on your concerns.  There should be no reason for sales folks
to misrepresent future upgrades to customers (sure, sometimes there
will be confusion for a while, over whether an upgrade will be available,
but that shouldn't last too long, and doesn't seem to be what you
are referring to).

Yes, the sales folks *do* get bonus's at the end of some (all?) quarters,
but that is pretty common industry wide, and sometimes that can result
in good deals for customers (sometimes it probably pushes folks into
systems that aren't what they need, I'm sure, but nobody is *forcing*
you to buy at end of quarter, after all...)

| Maybe it's because my lab buys SGIs in onesies and twosies, so we
| aren't entitled to a "peek under the covers" as the Big Kids (NASA,
| for instance) are.  This lab, and I suspect that a lot of other labs

They don't get all that long a lead time either; although certainly
they get presentations on possible new products, and their opinions
may well influence the end product, but that also is life in the
industry.  We can't design systems that meet just their needs, or we
won't sell too many systems, after all (which is not to say that we
don't have some niche products, like Reality Engine).

| and organizations, doesn't have a load of money to spend on computers
| every year, so we can't be out buying new systems on a regular basis.
| The boxes that we buy now will have to last us pretty much through the
| entire grant period of five years and, in some case, beyond.  That
| means that I need to buy the best piece of equipment that I can when I
| have the money, not some product that was built, to paraphrase one
| previous poster's words, 'to fill a niche' to compete with some other
| vendor.  I'm going to be looking at this box for the next five years.
| And every time I look at it, I'm going to think about SGI and how I
| could have better spent my money (actually *your* money, since we're
| supported almost entirely by Federal tax dollars).

But surely you don't expect a system you buy now for a five year
period to be constantly upgradable over that entire five year
period?  That's a rather unreasonable expectation, in my experience
(with workstations/microcomputers).  Supported, and parts available,
yes, but certainly not upgradable to the latest and greatest!

| Now you'll have to pardon me while I go off and hiss and fume in a
| corner somewhere and think dark, libelous thoughts.

I missed your first posting, but as I say, by all means share your
frustation with somebody at a level inside SGI where it might
have an effect (not immediate, I'm sure, but complaints aren't
going to be ignored, and *may* affect future plans, if we 
hear similar things from more than one person/site).

All of the above is, as usual, my personal opinion, not SGI's.
--
Let no one tell me that silence gives consent,  |   Dave Olson
because whoever is silent dissents.             |   Silicon Graphics, Inc.
    Maria Isabel Barreno                        |   olson@sgi.com
PS: I start my sabbatical 29 May, ask those questions now ;)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38555
From: jr0930@eve.albany.edu (REGAN JAMES P)
Subject: Pascal-Fractals

-- 
 |||||||||||   		 	   ||||||||||| 
_|||||||||||_______________________|||||||||||_      jr0930@eve.albany.edu
-|||||||||||-----------------------|||||||||||-     jr0930@Albnyvms.bitnet
 |||||||||||  GO HEAVY OR GO HOME  |||||||||||

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38556
From: pes@hutcs.cs.hut.fi (Pekka Siltanen)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <1993Apr19.234409.18303@kpc.com> jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf) writes:
>In article <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl>, ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck) writes:
>|> I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>|> point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
>|> 
>|> An algorithm, literature reference or mail about this is very appreciated,
>
>There was a very useful article in one of the 1989 issues of
>Transactions On Graphics. I believe Maureen Stone was one of
>the authors. Sorry not to be more specific. I don't have the
>reference here with me.


Stone, DeRose: Geometric characterization of parametric cubic curves.
ACM Trans. Graphics 8 (3) (1989) 147 - 163.


Manocha, Canny: Detecting cusps and inflection points in curves.
Computer aided geometric design 9 (1992) 1-24.

Pekka Siltanen






Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38557
From: ricky@watson.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL

My CorelDRAW 3.0.whatever write SCODL files directly. Look under File|Export
on the main menu. 

Rick

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38558
From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

Marc T. Kaufman (kaufman@Xenon.Stanford.EDU) wrote:

> -> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

>    At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in
> his note-book, called out "Silence!" and read out from his book
> "Rule Forty-two. All persons more than a mile high to leave the court."
>    Everybody looked at Alice.
>    "I'm not a mile high," said Alice.
>    "You are," said the King.
>    "Nearly two miles high," added the queen.
>    "Well, I sha'n't go, at any rate," said Alice; "besides, that's not
> a regular rule: you invented it just now."
>    "It's the oldest rule in the book," said the King.
>    "Then it ought to be Number One," said Alice.

Does anybody have a collection of occurances of 42? (before and after
The Guide). If not, I would like to receive any odd bits you might know.
postings to alt.fan.douglas.adams.


--
    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38559
From: se92psh@brunel.ac.uk (Peter Hauke)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

joachim lous (joachim@kih.no) wrote:
: ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:

: > Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

Yep, here's a theory that I once heard bandied around.  Rather than thinking
of the number think of the sound. For Tea Two. A sort of anagram on Tea For Two,
Two for Tea, For Tea Two.

:-)

Peter


-- 
***********************************
* Peter Hauke @ Brunel University *
*---------------------------------*
*      se92psh@brunel.ac.uk       *
***********************************

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38560
From: jr0930@eve.albany.edu (REGAN JAMES P)
Subject: Re: Pascal-Fractals

Apparently, my editor didn't do what I wanted it to do, so I'll try again.

i'm looking for any programs or code to do simple animation and/or
drawing using fractals in TurboPascal for an IBM
              Thanks in advance
-- 
 |||||||||||   		 	   ||||||||||| 
_|||||||||||_______________________|||||||||||_      jr0930@eve.albany.edu
-|||||||||||-----------------------|||||||||||-     jr0930@Albnyvms.bitnet
 |||||||||||  GO HEAVY OR GO HOME  |||||||||||

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38561
From: schmidt@PrakInf.TH-Ilmenau.DE (Schmidt)
Subject: irit to pov ?

Has anybody made a converter from irit's .irt or .dat format to
 .pov format ?

Thanks!

-- 
Sebastian Schmidt			
TU Ilmenau Institut f. praktische Informatik 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38562
From: cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk (Sunil Gupta)
Subject: Re: RTrace 8.2.0

Comp. Graphics/CAD (cgcad@bart.inescn.pt) wrote:
: There is a new version of the RTrace ray-tracing package (8.2.0) at
: asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17] in directory pub/RTrace.
: Check the README file.

cant seem to reach the site from over here:

>#ping 192.35.246.17
>ICMP Net Unreachable from gateway nsn-FIX-pe.sura.net (192.80.214.253)
>for icmp from ccws-24.brunel.ac.uk (134.83.176.30) to 192.35.246.17

Is it possible for you to upload to a more mainstream ftp place?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38563
From: jbickers@templar.actrix.gen.nz (John Bickers)
Subject: Re: HELP!!! GRASP

Quoted from <1993Apr20.125147.10665@genes.icgeb.trieste.it> by oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it (Jacques Oberto):

> file, check in the 'graphics' directories under *grasp.  The problem 
> is that the .clp files you generate cannot be decoded by any of 
> the many pd format converters I have used. Any hint welcome!

    The gl2p1.lzh stuff under gfx/show on the Aminet sites includes a
    utility called pic2hl, that is a filter for HamLab that can handle
    the most commonly used kinds of .PIC and .CLP files.

    The biggest problem is that the .CLP files don't usually contain a
    palette, so you need to convert a .PIC with the right palette
    first (which creates a "ram:picpal" file), and then convert the
    .CLP files.

> Jacques Oberto  <oberto@genes.icgeb.trieste.it>
--
*** John Bickers, TAP.                   jbickers@templar.actrix.gen.nz ***
***    "Radioactivity - It's in the air, for you and me" - Kraftwerk    ***

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38564
From: borst@cs.utwente.nl (Pim Borst)
Subject: PBM-PLUS sources, where?

Hi everybody,

Can anyone name an anonymous ftp-site where I can find the sources
of the PBM-PLUS package (portable bit/gray/pixel map).
I would like to compile and run it on a Sun Sparcstation.

Thanks!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38565
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: Fractals? What good are they ?

In article <mdpyssc.2@fs1.mcc.ac.uk> mdpyssc@fs1.mcc.ac.uk (Sue Cunningham)  
writes:
> We have been using Iterated Systems compression board to compress 
> pathology images and are getting ratios of 40:1 to 70:1 without too
> much loss in quality. It is taking about 4 mins per image to compress,
> on a 25Mhz 486 but decompression is almost real time on a 386 in software 
> alone.

How does that compare with JPEG on the same images and hardware as far
as size, speed, and image quality are concerned?

Despite my skeptical and sometimes nearly rabid postings
criticizing Barnsley and company, I am very interested in the
technique.  If I weren't I probably wouldn't be so critical. :-)

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38566
Subject: Re: univesa driver
From: djlewis@ualr.edu

In article <13622@news.duke.edu>, seth@north13.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman) writes:
> 
> 	I got the univesa driver available over the net. I thought that finally
> my 1-meg oak board would be able to show 680x1024 256 colors. Unfortunately a
> program still says that I can't do this. Is it the fault of the program (fractint)
> or is there something wrong with my card.
> 	univesa- a free driver available over the net that makes many boards
> vesa compatible. 
WHATS THIS  680x1024 256 color mode? Asking a lot of your hardware ?

Don Lewis
<djlewis@ualr.edu>


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38567
From: amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann)
Subject: Re: more on radiosity

In article 66319@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU, xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao) writes:
>
>
>In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
>|>
>|>
>|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
>|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
>|> I finished it.
>|>
>|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
>|> to finish it.
>
>
> Are you using the traditional radiosity method, progressive refinement, or
>  something else in your package?
>

My package is based on several articles about non-standard radiosity and
some unpublished methods.

The main articles are:

-  Cohen, Chen, Wallace, Greenberg : 
    A Progressive Refinement Approach to fast Radiosity Image Generation
     Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH), V. 22(No. 4), pp 75-84, August 1988

-  Silion, Puech
    A General Two-Pass Method Integrating Specular and Diffuse Reflection
    Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH), V23(No. 3), pp335-344, July 1989 

> If you need to project patches on the hemi-cube surfaces, what technique are
>  you using?  Do you have hardware to facilitate the projection?
>

I do not use hemi-cubes. I have no special hardware (SUN SPARCstation).

>
>|>
>|> In the meantime you may have a look at the file
>|>   Radiosity_code.tar.Z
>|> located at
>|>   compute1.cc.ncsu.edu
>
>
>  What are the guest username and password for this ftp site?
>

Use anonymous as username and your e-mail address as password.

>
>|>
>|> (there are some other locations; have a look at archie to get the nearest)
>|>
>|> Hope that'll help.
>|>
>|> Yours
>|>
>|> Stephan
>|>
>
>
>   Thanks, Stephan.
>
>
>    Josephine


Stephan.


----------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Stephan Amann     SIG Computer Graphics, University of Berne, Switzerland
           amann@iam.unibe.ch
	   Tel +41 31 65 46 79	   Fax +41 31 65 39 65

 Projects: Radiosity, Raytracing, Computer Graphics

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38568
Subject: XV for MS-DOS !!!
From: NO E-MAIL ADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch

Hi !!! This is the response for Wayne Michael...and certainly for other-one :-)


I'm sorry for...

    1)  The late of the answer but I couldn't find xv221 for msdos 'cause 
	I forgot the address...but I've retrieve it..

    2)  Posting this answer here in comp.graphics 'cause I can't use e-mail,
	not yet....

   2) My bad english 'cause I'm a Swiss and my language is french....


After a long time I retrieve the address where you can find XV for Dos...

	Site	: omnigate.clarkson.edu
	Aliases	: grape.ecs.clarkson.edu
	Number	: 128.153.4.2

	/pub/msdos/djgpp/pub

	it's xv221.zip (?) I think...


Certainly you read the other answer from Kevin Martin... He write about DV/X 
(?). 

    What is it ?????? Could Someone answer ????
	
	Thanx in advance.... 

-- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------
*								    *
*  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *
*  Ecole d'ingnieur ETS	|	(Not Available at this time)*
*  2400 Le LOCLE		|				    *
*  Suisse 							    *
*		     !!!! Enjoy COMPUTER !!!!			    *
*								    *
---------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38569
From: fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr (FOMBARON marc)
Subject: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
Thank you for helping

Marc.
-- 
      _/_/  _/_/   e-mail : Marc.Fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr
     _/ _/_/ _/
    _/  _/  _/  _/     _/    _/_/_/   _/_/_/_/   _/  _/_/_/_/  Marc Fombaron.
   _/      _/  _/     _/  _/      _/ _/     _/  _/  _/     _/  Grenoble.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38570
From: freemant@dcs.glasgow.ac.uk (Toby Freeman,TJF,G151,3344813,OCT95, )
Subject: Re: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL

>Does anyone know of software that will allow
>you to convert CorelDraw (.CDR) files
>containing bitmaps to SCODAL, as this is the
>only format our bureau's filmrecorder recognises.
>
>Jeff Lyall

I used this combination for a while - A QCR-Z recorder,
I think - and as far as I remember Corel can EXPORT in
SCODAL (.scd) format.  Just select 'EXPORT' on the main
file menu.  This may not be implemented in earlier versions,
of course, in which case you're on your own!!!

Also, I seem to think that the s/w for the QCR-Z (at the time)
did strange (and very undesirable) things if ANY part of the
pic was outside the screen area on Corel.  I once spent an
afternoon painfully discovering that ONE pixel had somehow
strayed off-screen, causing my whole slide to be blank!!!

The QCR-Z also couldn't handle grad-fill over grad-fill -
so if you use a graduated colour background, if you then
grad-fill an object on top of this, the fill appears on the
final slide as a circle (I think) and TOTALLY IGNORES the
shape of the object being filled!!!

Of course, if the recorder isn't a QCR, you can ignore all
this and feel suitably :-)

Cheers, Toby.
____________________________________._.____._.__________._.__________._.______
____________________________________!  \__/  !__________!_!__________! !______
___!                            !___! . \/ . !___.__.___._.___.___._.! !__.___
___! Toby Freeman               !___! !\  /! !__/ __ \__! !__/ .__!_!. .__!___
___! Glasgow University         !___! !_\/_! !_! !__! !_! !_! <__.___! !______
___! freemant@uk.ac.glasgow.dcs !___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !__\___ \__! !______
___!____________________________!___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !_.____> !_! !__.___
____________________________________!_!____!_!__\____/__!_!_!_____/___\___!___


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38571
From: lulagos@cipres.cec.uchile.cl (admirador)
Subject: OAK VGA 1Mb. Please, I needd VESA TSR!!! 8^)


	Hi there!...
		Well, i have a 386/40 with SVGA 1Mb. (OAK chip 077) and i don't
		have VESA TSR program for this card. I need it . 
			Please... if anybody can help me, mail me at:
			lulagos@araucaria.cec.uchile.cl

												Thanks.
													Mackk. 
   _   /| 
   \'o.O' 
   =(___)=
      U   
     Ack!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38572
From: luis.nobrega@filebank.cts.com (Luis Nobrega) 
Subject: PC PAINTBRUSH IV+

I am trying to configure Zsoft's PC Paintbrush IV+ for use with my
Logitech Scanman 32 (hand scanner), but I can't get Paintbrush to
acknowledge the scanner. Is there anybody out there using Paintbrush
with a scanner, if so, can you help me out?
                                Thanks Luis Nobrega
                                                                                      
----
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*
| The File Bank BBS - 619-728-4318 - PCBoard v.14.5a/E10 - USR HST & DS    |
| 8 nodes / RIME / Internet / Largest Clipper file collection in the world |
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38573
From: joachim@kih.no (joachim lous)
Subject: Re: XV for MS-DOS !!!

NOE-MAILADDRESS@eicn.etna.ch wrote:
> I'm sorry for...

>     1)  The late of the answer but I couldn't find xv221 for msdos 'cause 
> 	I forgot the address...but I've retrieve it..

>     2)  Posting this answer here in comp.graphics 'cause I can't use e-mail,
>    ^^^  not yet....

>    2) My bad english 'cause I'm a Swiss and my language is french....
    ^^^
If french is your language, try counting in french in stead, maybe
it will work better.... :-)

    _______________________________
   / _ L*   /  _  / .    /      _  /_  "One thing is for sure: The sheep
  /  _)    /()(/(/)//)) /_ ()(/_) / /  Is NOT a creature of the earth."
 / \_)~  (/ Joachim@kih.no       / /     
/_______________________________/ / -The back-masking on 'Haaden II'
 /_______________________________/  from 'Exposure' by Robert Fripp.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38574
From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
: >"current directory".

: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

I posted this as well before the cview "expert".  Apparently, he thought he
knew better.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38575
From: emarciniak@email.bony.com
Subject: Image of pictures...

Hi there,
  I am looking for advice on software/hardware package for making, 
storing and processing of pictures. The ideal software would allow me to
cahnge size of the picture, edit it ( it means add text below, above...) 
and the most important is it would have DOS command interface...
Thank you in advance...
emanuel marciniak
the bank of new york.. 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38576
From: raynor@cs.scarolina.edu (Harold Brian Raynor)
Subject: Help needed on hidden line removal


I am looking for some information of hidden line removal using Roberts
algorithm.  Something with code, or pseudo code would be especially
helpful.

I am required to do this for a class, due Monday (we have very little
time to implement these changes, it is a VERY FAST paced class).  The
notes given in class leave a LOT to be desired, so I would vastly
appreciate any help.

Actually any algorithm would be nice (Roberts or no).  The main problem
is two objects intersecting in x and y dimensions, need to know which
lines to clip off so that one object will appear in front of another.

If you can give me an ftp address and filename, or even the name of a
good book, I'd REALLY appreciate it.

Thanks,
Brian Raynor


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38577
From: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu (Ed Stastny)
Subject: The OTIS Project (FTP sites for original art and images)


	-------------------------------------
	+ ............The OTIS Project '93  +      
	+ "The Operative Term Is STIMULATE" + 
	-------------------------------------
	---this file last updated..4-21-93---


WHAT IS OTIS?

OTIS is here for the purpose of distributing original artwork
and photographs over the network for public perusal, scrutiny,    
and distribution.  Digital immortality.

The basic idea behind "digital immortality" is that computer networks   
are here to stay and that anything interesting you deposit on them
will be around near-forever.  The GIFs and JPGs of today will be the
artifacts of a digital future.  Perhaps they'll be put in different
formats, perhaps only surviving on backup tapes....but they'll be
there...and someone will dig them up.  
 
If that doesn't interest you... OTIS also offers a forum for critique
and exhibition of your works....a virtual art gallery that never closes
and exists in an information dimension where your submissions will hang
as wallpaper on thousands of glowing monitors.  Suddenly, life is 
breathed into your work...and by merit of it's stimulus, it will 
travel the globe on pulses of light and electrons.
 
Spectators are welcome also, feel free to browse the gallery and 
let the artists know what you think of their efforts.  Keep your own
copies of the images to look at when you've got the gumption...
that's what they're here for.

---------------------------------------------------------------

WHERE?             

OTIS currently (as of 4/21/93) has two FTP sites.  
 
 	141.214.4.135 (projects/otis), the UWI site
		
	sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS), the SUNsite 
	(you can also GOPHER to this site for OTIS as well)

Merely "anonymous FTP" to either site on Internet and change to the
appropriate directory.  Don't forget to get busy and use the "bin"
command to make sure you're in binary.

OTIS has also been spreading to some dial-up BBS systems around North
America....the following systems have a substancial supply of
OTIStuff...
	Underground Cafe (Omaha) (402.339.0179) 2 lines
	CyberDen (SanFran?) (415.472.5527)  Usenet Waffle-iron

--------------------------------------------------------------
 
HOW DO YOU CONTRIBUTE?
              
What happens is...you draw a pretty picture or take a lovely   
photo, get it scanned into an image file, then either FTP-put
it in the CONTRIB/Incoming directory or use UUENCODE to send it to me
(email addresses at eof) in email.  After the image is received,
it will be put into the correct directory.  Computer originated works
are also welcome.

OTIS' directories house two types of image files, GIF and JPG.  
GIF and JPG files require, oddly enough, a GIF or JPG viewer to 
see.  These viewers are available for all types of computers at 
most large FTP sites around Internet.  JPG viewers are a bit
tougher to find.  If you can't find one, but do have a GIF viewer,  
you can obtain a JPG-to-GIF conversion program which will change    
JPG files to a standard GIF format. 

OTIS also accepts animation files.      

When you submit image files, please send me email at the same time
stating information about what you uploaded and whether it is to be
used (in publications or other projects) or if it is merely for people
to view.  Also, include some biographical information on yourself, we'll
be having info-files on each contributing artist and their works.  You 
can also just upload a text-file of info about yourself (instead of 
emailing).

If you have pictures, but no scanner, there is hope.  Merely send
copies to:

The OTIS Project
c/o Ed Stastny
PO BX 241113
Omaha, NE 68124-1113

I will either scan them myself or get them to someone who will  
scan them.  Include an ample SASE if you want your stuff back.  
Also include information on each image, preferably a 1-3 line 
description of the image that we can include in the infofile in the
directory where it's finally put.  If you have preferences as to what
the images are to be named, include those as well.  
 
Conversely, if you have a scanner and would like to help out, please
contact me and we'll arrange things.

If you want to submit your works by disk, peachy.  Merely send a 3.5"
disk to the above address (Omaha) and a SASE if you want your disk back.
This is good for people who don't have direct access to encoders or FTP,
but do have access to a scanner.  We accept disks in either Mac or IBM
compatible format.  If possible, please submit image files as GIF or
JPG.  If you can't...we can convert from most formats...we'd just rather
not have to.

At senders request, we can also fill disks with as much OTIS as they
can stand.  Even if you don't have stuff to contribute, you can send
a blank disk and an SASE (or $2.50 for disk, postage and packing) to 
get a slab-o-OTIS.

As of 04/21/93, we're at about 18 megabytes of files, and growing.  
Email me for current archive size and directory.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

DISTRIBUTION?

The images distributed by the OTIS project may be distributed freely   
on the condition that the original filename is kept and that it is
not altered in any way (save to convert from one image format to
another).  In fact, we encourage files to be distributed to local 
bulletin boards and such.  If you could, please transport the
appropriate text files along with the images.  
 
It would also be nice if you'd send me a note when you did post images
from OTIS to your local bbs.  I just want to keep track of them so
participants can have some idea how widespread their stuff is.

It's the purpose of OTIS to get these images spread out as much as
possible.  If you have the time, please upload a few to your favorite
BBS system....or even just post this "info-file" there.  It would be
keen of you.

--------------------------------------------------------------------

USE?

If you want to use any of the works you find on the OTIS directory,
you'll have to check to see if permission has been granted and the 
stipulations of the permission (such as free copy of publication, or
full address credit).  You will either find this in the ".rm" file for    
the image or series of images...or in the "Artists" directory under the 
Artists name.  If permission isn't explicitly given, then you'll have 
to contact the artist to ask for it.  If no info is available, email
me (ed@cwis.unomaha.edu), and I'll get in contact with the artist for 
you, or give you their contact information.
 
When you DO use permitted work, it's always courteous to let the artist
know about it, perhaps even send them a free copy or some such
compensation for their files.

---------------------------------------------------------------------

NAMING IMAGES?

Please keep the names of your files in "dos" format.  That means, keep
the filename (before .jpg or .gif) to eight characters or less.  The way
I usually do it is to use the initials of the artist, plus a three or
four digit "code" for the series of images, plus the series number.
Thus, Leonardo DeVinci's fifth mechanical drawing would be something
like:
 
	ldmek5.gif     OR    ldmek5.jpg    OR    ldmech5.gif   ETC

Keeping the names under 8 characters assures that the filename will
remain intact on all systems.  


---------------------------------------------------------------------- 

CREATING IMAGE FILES?

When creating image files, be sure to at least include your name
somewhere on or below the picture.  This gives people a reference in
case they'd like to contact you.  You may also want to include a title,
address or other information you'd like people to know.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

HMMM?!

That's about it for now.  More "guidelines" will be added as needed.
Your input is expected.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DISCLAIMER:  The OTIS Project has no connection to the Church of OTIS  
 	     (a sumerian deity) or it's followers, be they pope, priest,
	     or ezine administrator.  We do take sacrifices and donations
	     however.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DISCLAIMER:  The OTIS Project is here for the distribution of original 
 	     image files.  The files will go to the public at large.  
	     It's possible, as with any form of mass-media, that someone
	     could unscrupulously use your images for financial gain.  
    	     Unless you've given permission for that, it's illegal.  OTIS
	     takes no responsibility for this.  In simple terms, all rights
	     revert to the author/artist.  To leave an image on OTIS is to 
	     give permission for it to be viewed, copied and distributed 
	     electronically.  If you don't want your images distributed     
	     all-over, don't upload them.  To leave an image on OTIS is
	     NOT giving permission to have it used in any publication or
	     broadcast that incurs profit (this includes, but is not 
	     limited to, magazines, newsletters, clip-art software,        
	     screen-printed clothing, etc).  You must give specific
	     permission for this sort of usage.  

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Remember, the operative term is "stimulate".  If you know of people
that'd be interested in this sort of thing...get them involved...kick'm
in the booty....offer them free food...whatever...

....e  (ed@cwis.unomaha.edu)
       (ed@sunsite.unc.edu)

--
Ed Stastny           | OTIS Project, END PROCESS, SOUND News and Arts 
PO BX 241113	     | FTP: sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS)
Omaha, NE 68124-1113 |      141.214.4.135 (projects/otis)
---------------------- EMail: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu, ed@sunsite.unc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38578
From: KINDER@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu (JIM COBB)
Subject: ET 4000 /W32 VL-Bus Cards

Does anyone know of a VL-Bus video card based on the ET4000 /W32 card?
If so: how much will it cost, where can I get one, does it come with more
than 1MB of ram, and what is the windows performance like?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38579
From: mart4678@mach1.wlu.ca (Phil Martin u)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
: Just curious.
: 
: 
: Daemon
: 

Yes. I also like knowing where to go to ask a question without getting
hell for putting it in the wrong newsgroup.

Phil Martin.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38580
From: S_BRAUN@IRAV19.ira.uka.de (Thomas Braun)
Subject: sources for shading wanted

I'm looking for shading methods and algorithms.
Please let me know if you know where to get source codes for that.

Thanks a lot!

Thomas


+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                   Thomas Braun, Universitaet Karlsruhe                      |
|                    E-Mail : S_BRAUN@iravcl.ira.uka.de                       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_     Thomas Braun                                        |
|       \_     \_   \_    University Karlsruhe, Germany                      |
|        \_     \_\_\_     email:                                            |
|         \_     \_   \_    - S_Braun@iravcl.ira.uka.de                      |
|          \_     \_\_\_     - UKAY@dkauni2.bitnet                           |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
                         

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38581
From: dstampe@psych.toronto.edu (Dave Stampe)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

sol.surv.utas.edu.au (Stephen Quan) writes:

>>>>[...], but I'm looking for a fast polygon routine to be used in a 3D game.
>>>A fast polygon routine to do WHAT?
>>To draw polygons of course.  Its a VGA mode 13h (320x200) game, [...]
>
>Hi, I've come across a fast triangle fill-draw routine for mode 13h.  By
>calling this routine enough times, you have a fast polygon drawing routine.
>
>I think I ftp'ed from wuarchive.wustl.edu:/pub/MSDOS_UPLOADS/programming.
>I have a copy of it so I reupload it there.  The triangle.txt file has this
>to say :
>
>>  C and inline assembly source for a VGA mode 13h triangle drawer.
>
Another source:  There's a poly blitter for mode y (mode x in 320x200)
at sunee.uwaterloo.ca.  Also there is REND386, an even faster 3D
renderer with VR extensions.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| My life is Hardware,                    |         Dave Stampe          | 
| my destiny is Software,                 | dstampe@psych.toronto.edu    |
| my CPU is Wetware...                    | dstampe@sunee.uwaterloo.ca   | 
| Am I a techno-psychologist, or just a psycho-engineer ??               |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38582
From: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov (Chris Johnston)
Subject: One day graphics/composites seminar

SAMPE, NCGA, The University of Akron, and NASA Lewis Research Center
is sponsoring:

                      COMPUTERS AND COMPOSITES

	A one-day seminar devoted to practical applications of
	computer workstations for efficient processing, design, and
			Manufacture of composites

May 18, 1993
at
 The University of Akron
  Akron, Ohio

Speakers on:
 Advancement in Graphics Visualization   Dr. Jay Horowitz, NASA
 Integrated Product Development with     Mr. Michael R. Cowen
  Network Workstations		          Sikorski Aircraft
 Structural Analysis			 Mr. Brian Fite, NASA
 Stereolithography			 Mr. Jason Williams, Penn State-Erie
 Molecular and Physical Modeling	 Dr. Vassilios Galiatsato,
  of Polymer Curing                       University of Akron
 Process Modeling of Polymer
  Matrix Composites			 Dr Ram Upadhyay, GE Corporate R&D

Registration Fees: $75.00 Advance, $100.00 on site (Includes box lunch)

Contact Gary Roberts, NASA Lewis Research Center (216) 433-344
or write:
	SAMPE Regional Seminar
	c/o Gary Roberts
	NASA Lewis Research Center
	21000 Brookpark Rd MS 49-1
	Cleveland, Ohio 44135

Or Email to me, | and I'll get it to Gary.
		|
	        \/
-- 
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chris Johnston                  (216) 433-5029                            |
| Materials Engineer		  (216) 433-5033                            |
| NASA Lewis Research Center   Internet: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov          |
| 21000 Brookpark Rd MS 105-1		 				    |
| Cleveland, OH 4413 USA	Resistance is futile!			    |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38583
From: haberj@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Haber Joerg)
Subject: ray tracing spline surfaces


Hi net!
Due to further investigation I would like to study the following article:
	Peterson, "Ray tracing general B-Splines",
	Proc. ACM Mountain Regional Conference, April 1986
Unfortunately I didn't find it in any library's register.
If there is anyone having access to this paper or knowing about a
library containing those proceedings (preferrably in Germany), please 
let me know! Any help would be appreciated! 

Thanks a lot, 
Joerg Haber

--
  Joerg Haber                	haberj@mathematik.tu-muenchen.de
  Mathematisches Institut
  TU Muenchen

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38584
From: nahess@mir.gatech.edu (Nicholas A. Hess)
Subject: Hitatchi Raster Format (HRF)?

 Our shop uses a package called CADCore - very good - to scan and
subsequently vectorize original maps into digital maps. The problem is that
once the raster file is loaded into the CADCore package, a header is added
to the .HRF file which makes it unreadable by the supplied converter. We
would like to be able to ship some of the already-altered raster images for
further use on our workstations. So, here are my questions:

 (1) What is the Hitachi format? - I need this format so I can recognize
precisely what to strip out. I strongly suspect that it's a compressed
format - if so, then t might not be possible for me to strip out the
offending header.

 (2) Are there any UNIX packages that read and recognize HRF? It would be
really nice to find some sort of "hrftopbm" converter out there. ;)

 I've already searched some of the more well-known ftp sites which contain
graphics formats documentation, with no luck. So, if you know, or knwo
someone who knows - please email! Thanks.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38585
From: echen@burn.ee.washington.edu (Ed Chen)
Subject: Windows BMP to Sun raster or others?

Hi,


Anyone has a converter from BMP to any format that xview or xv can

handle?  This converter must run Unix..  I looked at the FAQ and downloaded
several packages but had no luck...  thanks in advance.

ed

echen@burn.ee.washington.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38586
From: thester@nyx.cs.du.edu (Uncle Fester)
Subject: Re: CView answers

In article <5103@moscom.com> mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar) writes:
>Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
>: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
>: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
>: >"current directory".
>
>: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
>: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
>: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
>: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.
>
>I posted this as well before the cview "expert".  Apparently, he thought
he
>knew better.
>
>Matthew Zenkar
>mz@moscom.com


     Are we talking about ColorView for DOS here?  
     I have version 2.0 and it writes the temp files to its own
     current directory.
     What later versions do, I admit that I don't know.
     Assuming your "expert" referenced above is talking about
     the version that I have, then I'd say he is correct.
     Is the ColorView for unix what is being discussed?
     Just mixed up, confused, befuddled, but genuinely and
     entirely curious....

     Uncle Fester

--
           :     What God Wants      :  God wants gigolos          :
           :        God gets         :  God wants giraffes         :
           :     God help us all     :  God wants politics         :
           : *thester@nyx.cs.du.edu* :  God wants a good laugh     :

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38587
From: beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert)
Subject: Photoshop for Windows



I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?

Any comments would be greatly appreciated..

Thank you.

Andre Boisvert
beaver@rot.qc.ca


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38588
From: ch41@prism.gatech.EDU (claye hart)
Subject: graphics libraries

I am interested in a 2d/3d graphics library which will allow our design
team to write graphics software for Unix workstations and be as portable as 
possible.  Eventually this software will have to be moved to Microsoft
Windows.  It is my opinion that a good API with hooks to PEX underneath
would prove most portable.

Does anyone out there have any experience with Figaro+ form TGS or
HOOPS from Ithaca Software?  I would appreciate any comments.

- Claye Hart

-- 
Claye K. Hart 404-894-9729
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Georgia, 30332
uucp:	  ...!{decvax,hplabs,ncar,purdue,rutgers}!gatech!prism!ch41
Internet: claye.hart@gtri.gatech.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38590
From: tlc@cx5.com
Subject: .SCF files, help needed



I've got an old demo disk that I need to view. It was made using RIX Softworks.  
The files on the two diskette set end with: .scf

The demo was VGA resolution (256 colors), but I don't know the spatial  
resolution.

First problem: When I try to run the demo, the screen has two black bars that  
cut across (horizontally) the screen, in the top third and bottom third of the  
screen. The bars are about 1-inch wide. Other than this, the demo (the  
animation part) seems to be running fine.

Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display  
these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf  
files.

The system I am using: 486clone, Diamond Speedstar 24, Sony monitor.

Any suggestions?

Thank You,
T. Castro
tlc@cx5.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38591
From: u122743@twncu865.ncu.edu.tw
Subject: QUESTION: Video Projector

I am setting up a video-aid for a computer room for the teacher to share his
display with the class.

I have seen people using video projector, TV sets and large monitor to do
presentations before. I am told that there are three ways to connect video
projector: composite, Y/C & RGB.

Can anyone explain to me the difference and their likely costs?

Please reply to my INETNET E-mail account as well as posting in bulletin:
u129008@sparc20.nuc.edu.tw

I also like to know if there are TELNET or KERMIT for windows.

Tim Chen

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38592
From: Mark A. Cartwright <markc@emx.utexas.edu>
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Well,

42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.

Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...

--
Mark A. Cartwright, N5SNP
University of Texas @ Austin
Computation Center, Graphics Facility
markc@emx.utexas.edu
markc@sirius.cc.utexas.edu
markc@hermes.chpc.utexas.edu
(512)-471-3241 x 362

PP-ASEL 9-92

a.) "Often in error, never in doubt."
b.) "This situation has no gravity, I would like a refund please."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38593
From: buck@HQ.Ileaf.COM (David Buchholz x3252)
Subject: Looking for WMF Converter


I'm looking for any leads to the source of a good Windows
Meta File converter or interpreter. I need this for use
outside the Windows environment. PD sources preferred, but
not a requirement. Please reply to the address below.


David Buchholz               Internet: buck@ileaf.com
Product Manager                  uucp: uunet!leafusa!buck
Interleaf, Inc.                 voice: 617.290.4990 x-3252




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38594
From: kimd@rs6401.ecs.rpi.edu (Daniel Chungwan Kim)
Subject: WANTED: Super 8mm Projector with SOUNDS

	I am looking for Super 8mm Projector with SOUNDS.
If anybody out there has one for sale, send email with
the name of brand, condition of the projector, and price
for sale to kimd@rpi.edu
(IT MUST HAVE SOUND CAPABILITY)

Danny
kimd@rpi.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38595
From: srlnjal@grace.cri.nz
Subject: CorelDraw BITMAP to SCODAL (2)


Yes I am aware CorelDraw exports in SCODAL.
Version 2 did it quite well, apart from a
few hassles with radial fills. Version 3 RevB
is better but if you try to export in SCODAL
with a bitmap image included in the drawing
it will say something like "cannot export
SCODAL with bitmap"- at least it does on my
version.
 If anyone out there knows a way around this
I am all ears.
 Temporal images make a product called Filmpak
which converts Autocad plots to SCODAL, postscript
to SCODAL and now GIF to SCODAL but it costs $650
and I was just wondering if there was anything out
there that just did the bitmap to SCODAL part a tad
cheaper.

Jeff Lyall
Inst.Geo.&.Nuc.Sci.Ltd
Lower Hutt New Zealand


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38596
From: billj@b11.b11.ingr.com (Bill Jones)
Subject: Re: Need specs/info on Apple QuickTime

add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray) writes:

>I need to get the specs, or at least a very verbose interpretation of the
>specs, for QuickTime.  Technical articles from magazines and references to
>books would be nice too.

>I also need the specs in a format usable on a Unix or MS-DOS system.  I can't
>do much with the QuickTime stuff they have on ftp.apple.com in its present
>format.

Apple just released the Quicktime volume of the new Inside Macintosh series.
Any bookstore with reasonable technical stock should have it.

Bill Jones
billj@beowulf.b11.ingr.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38597
From: bio1@navi.up.ac.za (Fourie Joubert)
Subject: Image Analysis for PC

Hi

I am looking for Image Analysis software running in DOS or Windows. I'd like 
to be able to analyze TIFF or similar files to generate histograms of 
patterns, etc. 

Any help would be appreciated!

__________________________________________________________________________

     _/_/_/_/  _/_/_/_/_/ Fourie Joubert           
    _/            _/    Department of Biochemistry
   _/            _/    University of Pretoria
  _/_/_/_/      _/    bio1@navi.up.ac.za
 _/            _/
_/      _/_/_/_/
__________________________________________________________________________


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38598
From: s127@ii.uib.no (Torgeir Veimo)
Subject: Re: sources for shading wanted

In article <1r3ih5INNldi@irau40.ira.uka.de>, S_BRAUN@IRAV19.ira.uka.de 
(Thomas Braun) writes:
|> I'm looking for shading methods and algorithms.
|> Please let me know if you know where to get source codes for that.

'Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery' by Roy Hall contains c
source for several famous illumination models, including Bouknight, Phong,
Blinn, Whitted, and Hall illumination models. If you want an introduction to
shading you might look through the book 'Writing a Raytracer' edited by
Glassner. Also, the book 'Procedural elements for Computer Graphics' by Rogers
is a good reference. Source for code in these book are available on the net i 
believe, you might check out nic.funet.fi or some site closer to you carrying 
graphics related stuff. 

Hope this is what you were asking for.
-- 
Torgeir Veimo

Studying at the University of Bergen

"...I'm gona wave my freak flag high!" (Jimi Hendrix)

"...and it would be okay on any other day!" (The Police)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38599
From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Cyberspace Buddha (cb@wixer.bga.com) wrote:
: renew@blade.stack.urc.tue.nl (Rene Walter) writes:
: >over where it places its temp files: it just places them in its
: >"current directory".

: I have to beg to differ on this point, as the batch file I use
: to launch cview cd's to the dir where cview resides and then
: invokes it.  every time I crash cview, the 0-byte temp file
: is found in the root dir of the drive cview is on.

This is what I posted that cview uses the root directory of the drive
cview is on.  However, since It has so much trouble reading large files
from floppy, I suspect that it uses the root directory of the drive the
image files are on.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38600
From: kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA (Kardan Kaveh)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

I haven't been following this thread, so appologies if this has already been
mentioned, but how about

	comp.graphics.3d

-- 
Kaveh Kardan
kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38601
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: Fast wireframe graphics


In article <C5tK4u.C6t@cs.columbia.edu>, ykim@cs.columbia.edu (Yong Su Kim) writes:
|> 
|> I am working on a program to display 3d wireframe models with the user
|> being able to arbitrarily change any of the viewing parameters.  Also,
|> the wireframe objects are also going to have dynamic attributes so
|> that they can move around while the user is "exploring" the wireframe
|> world.

	Why don't you consider PHIGS in X or PEX lib?

	Yeh
	USC


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38602
From: renner@adobe.com (John Renner)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

In article <19930420.090030.915@almaden.ibm.com> capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Capelli) writes:
>In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
>>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
>>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
>
>See:
>   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
>   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
>   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.

I've used that reference, and found that I needed to go to their
original tech report:

	Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
	"Characterizing Cubic Bezier Curves"
	Xerox  EDL-88-8, December 1988

This report can be obtained for free from:
Xerox Corporation
Palo Alto Research Center
3333 Coyote Hill Road
Palo Alto, California 94303
+1-415-494-4440

The TOG paper was good, but this tech report had more interesting details ;-)

-john

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38603
From: prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk (Martin Preston)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In <C5sCGu.1LL@mentor.cc.purdue.edu> ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:

>I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
>My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
>infinitely easier to write than to read,...

Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.

Martin

--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Martin Preston,      (m.preston@manchester.ac.uk)    | Computer Graphics |
|Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, |    is just        |
|University of Manchester,                            |  a load of balls. |
|Manchester, U.K., M13 9PL     Phone : 061 275 6095   |                   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38604
From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Subject: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?


I am in the market for a 24-bit graphics card for a PC (ISA bus), and
was wondering if anyone had any comments (good? bad? otherwise?) regarding
the Diamond Stealth 24?  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38605
Subject: Re: Trying to view POV files.....
From: dane@nermal.santarosa.edu (Dane Jasper)

Edward d Nobles (ednobles@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU) wrote:

: I've been trying to view .tga files created in POVRAY.  I have the Diamond
: SpeedStar 24 Video board (not the _24X_).  So far I can convert them to
: jpeg using cjpeg and view them with CVIEW but that only displays 8 bit color.
..
: Just want to see the darn things in real color...

I have an ATI ultra pro card, and have found that the easiest way to view
true color images is using their windows drivers and something like winjpeg
or photofinish.  

If anyone has a non-windows solution, I'd love to hear it!

Dane

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38606
From: jroberts@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Robertson)
Subject: ATI GUP and Graphics Wkshop/Win

I have an ATI Graph. Ultra Pro VLB w/2 megs, and have a small question
about Graphics Workshop for Windows.  When I exit from it it says my
current driver can handle on 32768 colors when I am actually in 
1024x768x65000 color mode.  Is this a driver problem, a GWS error, or
what?  I am using the 1.5(59) driver under Win 3.1.  It correctly
states that I can display 16M colors when I switch to 800x600x24bit,
though.
Another question- Anybody know of any Viewers that support this card
other than Windows viewers?
Any help would be appreciated.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38607
From: dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
>
>
>I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
>for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
>a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
>
>Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
>
>Thank you.
>
>Andre Boisvert
>beaver@rot.qc.ca
>
An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
and PhotoShop for Windows.  David


-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38608
From: <JER114@psuvm.psu.edu>
Subject: Targa format-->text file

  Does anyone know how to convert a targa or similar 24 bit picture into a list
 of R G B values and then convert back to targa after doing operations on the p
ixels R G B codes.
ex.  Targa ---->000100255pixel 1
001200201pixel 2etc....
If no one can help me with this could someone explain how the 24 bit data is st
ored in the targa file and also how its stored in the 8 bit targas.   Thanks

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38609
From: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Robert Lipman)
Subject: Call for presentations: Navy SciViz/VR seminar

**********************************************************************

		      2ND CALL FOR PRESENTATIONS
	
      NAVY SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION AND VIRTUAL REALITY SEMINAR

			Tuesday, June 22, 1993

	    Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center
	      (formerly the David Taylor Research Center)

			  Bethesda, Maryland

**********************************************************************

SPONSOR: NESS (Navy Engineering Software System) is sponsoring a 
one-day Navy Scientific Visualization and Virtual Reality Seminar.  
The purpose of the seminar is to present and exchange information for
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality programs, 
research, developments, and applications.

PRESENTATIONS: Presentations are solicited on all aspects of 
Navy-related scientific visualization and virtual reality.  All 
current work, works-in-progress, and proposed work by Navy 
organizations will be considered.  Four types of presentations are 
available.

     1. Regular presentation: 20-30 minutes in length
     2. Short presentation: 10 minutes in length
     3. Video presentation: a stand-alone videotape (author need not 
	attend the seminar)
     4. Scientific visualization or virtual reality demonstration (BYOH)

Accepted presentations will not be published in any proceedings, 
however, viewgraphs and other materials will be reproduced for 
seminar attendees.

ABSTRACTS: Authors should submit a one page abstract and/or videotape to:

     Robert Lipman
     Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division
     Code 2042
     Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000

     VOICE (301) 227-3618;  FAX (301) 227-5753  
     E-MAIL  lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil

Authors should include the type of presentation, their affiliations, 
addresses, telephone and FAX numbers, and addresses.  Multi-author 
papers should designate one point of contact.

**********************************************************************
DEADLINES: The abstact submission deadline is April 30, 1993.  
Notification of acceptance will be sent by May 14, 1993.  
Materials for reproduction must be received by June 1, 1993.
**********************************************************************

For further information, contact Robert Lipman at the above address.

**********************************************************************

	  PLEASE DISTRIBUTE AS WIDELY AS POSSIBLE, THANKS.

**********************************************************************


Robert Lipman                     | Internet: lipman@oasys.dt.navy.mil
David Taylor Model Basin - CDNSWC |       or: lip@ocean.dt.navy.mil
Computational Signatures and      | Voicenet: (301) 227-3618
   Structures Group, Code 2042    | Factsnet: (301) 227-5753
Bethesda, Maryland  20084-5000    | Phishnet: stockings@long.legs
				   
The sixth sick shiek's sixth sheep's sick.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38610
From: fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu (David Fox)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

   Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
   doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
   this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
   different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
   a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
   for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
   Just curious.

I disagree.  You could learn the same amount by reading all the
split groups, and it would make things easier for those of us
who are less omnivorous.  There is no "waste" in creating news
groups -- its just a bit of shuffling about.  I have no problem
with only a few posts per week per group - I spend too much time
on this as it is.

-david

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38611
From: peterbak@microsoft.com (Peter Bako)
Subject: JPEG file format?


Where could I find a description of the JPG file format?  Specifically
I need to know where in a JPG file I can find the height and width of 
the image, and perhaps even the number of colors being used.

Any suggestions?

Peter

-- 
(*)-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-\/-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+(*)
(   UUCP:         peterbak@microsoft  ||   Is this all that I am?  Is there   )
(   CompuServe:   71170,1426          ||   nothing more?    - V'ger           )
(*)-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-/\-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+(*)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38612
From: rgc3679@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Robert G. Carpenter)
Subject: Re: Please Recommend 3D Graphics Library For Mac.

In article <John_Shepardson.esh-210493100336@moose.slac.stanford.edu> John_Shepardson.esh@qmail.slac.stanford.edu (John Shepardson) writes:
>> Can you please offer some recommendations? (3d graphics)
>
>
>There has been a fantastic 3d programmers package for some years that has
>been little advertised, and apparently nobody knows about, called 3d
>Graphic Tools written by Mark Owen of Micro System Options in Seattle WA. 
>I reviewed it a year or so ago and was really awed by it's capabilities. 
>It also includes tons of code for many aspects of Mac programming
>(including offscreen graphics).  It does Zbuffering, 24 bit graphics, has a
>database for representing graphical objects, and more.
>It is very well written (MPW C, Think C, and HyperCard) and the code is
>highly reusable.  Last time I checked the price was around $150 - WELL
>worth it.
>
>Their # is (206) 868-5418.

  I've talked with Mark and he faxed some literature, though it wasn't very helpful-
  just a list of routine names: _BSplineSurface, _DrawString3D... 241 names.
  There was a Product Info sheet that explained some of the package capabilities.
  I also found a review in April/May '92 MacTutor.

  It does look like a good package. The current price is $295 US.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38613
From: lusardi@cs.buffalo.edu (Christopher Lusardi)
Subject: Looking for Mr. radon

Does anyone have a radon transform in C that they could 
send me?

				Any help accepted,
-- 
|  .-,                ###|For a lot of .au music: ftp sounds.sdsu.edu
| /   /   __  ,  _    ###|then cat file.au > /dev/audio
| \_>/ >_/ (_/\_/<>_     |UB library catalog:telnet bison.acsu.buffalo.edu
|_                14261 _|(When in doubt ask: xarchie, xgopher, or xwais.)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38614
From: markl@hunan.rastek.com (Mark Larsen)
Subject: Re: Ray tracer for ms-dos?

In article <1r1cqiINNje8@srvr1.engin.umich.edu> tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
>
>Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
>free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
>them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)
>
>Thanks in advance
>
>Daemon

There are 2 books published by M&T BOOKS that come with C source code on
floppies.  They are:

Programming In 3 Dimensions, 3-D Graphics, Ray Traycing, and Animation
by: Christopher D. Watkins and Larry Sharp.

Photorealism and Ray Tracing in C
by: Christopher D. Watkins, Stephen B. Coy, and Mark Finlay.

I have the first book and it is a great intro to 3-D, Ray Tracing and
Animation.  Most of the programs are on the disk compiled and ready to run.

I have only glanced at the second book but it also appears to be good.

Hope this helps!
Mark Larsen

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
markl@hunan.rastek.com

"This R2 unit has a bad motivator!"
   - Luke, Star Wars

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38615
From: phew@gu.uwa.edu.au (Patrick Hew)
Subject: Re: Color pict of spinning Earth

ESTOP07@CONRAD.APPSTATE.EDU (*ACS) writes:

>Sorry if this is the wrong place to post this

>	I was crusing the net earlier this year and came upon something called 
>Color pict of spinning earth.  I am assuming it is a animation sequence of the 
>earth's rotation (or revolution I always get those mixed up).  At the time I 
>found it my sysem would not even support color graphics so I didn't bother to 
>get the pict.  Now I have a fairly nice system and cant find the pict again!
>If anyone can help please post here or E-mail me 
>Thanks in advance
>Eric (Estop07@conrad.appstate.edu)

Likewise for me please. First time I've hear of it, but I've beem looking
for something like this for the past few months.

Patrick Hew
2nd Year Science/ Engineering
University of Western Australia
phew@tartarus.uwa.edu.au
phew@mackerel.gu.uwa.edu.au


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38616
Subject: Cornerstone DualPage driver wanted
From: tkelder@ebc.ee (Tonis Kelder)



I am looking for a WINDOW 3.1 driver  for 
     Cornerstone  DualPage (Cornerstone Technology, Inc) 
video card. Does  anybody know, that has these?  Is there one?

Thanks for any info,

To~nis
-- 
To~nis Kelder    Estonian Biocentre     (tkelder@kask.ebc.ee)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38617
From: jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu (Mitch)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split


In article <FOX.93Apr22002043@graphics.nyu.edu>, fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu (David Fox) writes:
|>
|>   Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
|>   doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
|>   this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
|>   different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
|>   a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
|>   for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
|>   Just curious.
|>
|>I disagree.  You could learn the same amount by reading all the
|>split groups, and it would make things easier for those of us
|>who are less omnivorous.  There is no "waste" in creating news
|>groups -- its just a bit of shuffling about.  I have no problem
|>with only a few posts per week per group - I spend too much time
|>on this as it is.
|>

Yes, but... shouldn't size of newsgroup be an issue?  Sorry if this
has been covered before, but comp.grahpics.animation get how much 
traffic per day?  50 articles?  Maybe 70 on an extremely heavy day?
I've been following this group for about four months now, and I don't
recall ever seeing such a flood of posts that a split would be warranted.

Just my 2 cents,

Mitch------------------------------------>jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu
"Who doth render with 386sx-20 knoweth frustration."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38618
From: rued@daimi.aau.dk (Thomas Rued J|rgensen)
Subject: Re: .SCF files, help needed

tlc@cx5.com writes:

>Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display  
>these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf  
>files.

RIX's files with the extension  .sci and .scf are just a RAW file with
a 256 color palette.
The first 10 bytes is a kind of header, with the name RIX among 7bytes unknown stuff. The you have 768 bytes of palette info (3*256 for the colors RGB)
and then you have the picture in raw format.
If you dont know how to make a viewer of of this description you can get VPIC
it is able to read the files!

regards
Thomas 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38619
From: hans@cs.kuleuven.ac.be (Hans Baele)
Subject: conversion of pic format files to HPGL files

Hello,

Can anybody help me with the conversion of pic format files
to HPGL files. The question is as follows:

Is it possible to convert files that have been generated in the
pic preprocessor format into HPGL format, suitable for sending
to a plotter. The hardware involved is IBM RISC/6000 running AIX
3.2.3. How should this be done and what software is involved,
where is it available, what does it cost, what are the problems?

Regards,

Dani

--------------------------------
Cimad Consultants
Antwerp, Belgium
dani@cimad.be
--------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38620
From: haston@utkvx.utk.edu (Haston, Donald Wayne)
Subject: Hijaak

I have heard some impressive things about Hijakk (for Windows).
Currently, I use a shareware program called Graphics Workshop.
What kinds of things will Hijaak do that these shareware programs
will not do?

What has been your experience with Hijaak? Are there other programs
that are better? Please email me, if you can help:

Wayne Haston
HASTON@UTKVX.UTK.EDU

Thanks!



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38621
From: wlm@wisdom.attmail.com (Bill Myers)
Subject: Re: graphics libraries


> Does anyone out there have any experience with Figaro+ form TGS or
> HOOPS from Ithaca Software?  I would appreciate any comments.

Yes, I do.  A couple of years ago, I did a comparison of the two
products.  Some of this may have changed, but here goes.

As far as a PHIGS+ implementation, Figaro+ is fine.  But, its PHIGS!
Personally, I hate PHIGS because I find it is too low level.  I also
dislike structure editing, which I find impossible, but enough about
PHIGS.

I have found HOOPS to be a system that is full-featured and easy to
use.  They support all of their rendering methods in software when
there is no hardware support, their documentation is good, and they
are easily portable to other systems.

I would be happy to elaborate further if you have more specific
questions. 
--
|------------------------------------------------------|
    ~~~       Here's lookin' at ya.
  ~~_ _~~
  |`O-@'|     Bill  |  wlm@wisdom.attmail.com
 @|  >  |@    Phone: (216) 831-2880 x2002
  |\___/|
  |_____|
|______________________________________________________|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38622
From: scott@fcs280s.ncifcrf.gov (Michael Scott)
Subject: Canon copier-printer/postscript questions.


Printer model and specification:

Canon CLC 500 (Color Laser Copier)
ps-ipu unit (postscript intelligent processing unit)


Hello,

We have recently purchased a very expensive and nice color copier/printer. 
We want to be able to print to it from our SGI iris network.  The 
copier/printer has both a parallel and SCSI interface.  I have configured the
printer with the "lp" system using the parallel interface and can print 
postscript files to the printer.  I can also print rgb files, but these are in 
turn converted to postscript by an internal filter.  The Canon CLC 500 is a 
publication quality printer but the quality of our postscript printouts 
are less than acceptable.  We create the postscript files with a variaty of 
programs, such as showcase, xv, and tops.  When we convert to postscript 
with tops and use the -l option to specify the halftone screen density of 98 
rather than the default 40 the output is better, but still much less that 
acceptable.  Note, that we are starting with a screen image in rgb image format
and translating the image into postscript.

We suspect that if we could use the SCSI interface we would get higher quality 
pictures.  We have not purchased the software that drives the printer from the 
SCSI port.  To my knowledge this software is $5000 and does not come with a 
warranty.  The management here does not want to spend this much money without 
some assurance that the product will work.


Here my questions:

If anybody on the net uses this printer are you using the SCSI or 
parallel port?  What is the quality of the printouts?

Is there a way to create high quality postscript printouts?  What is the
limiting component, the postscript language or the postscript interpretor on 
the printer?
 
The Big question:

Where can I get some software to drive the SCSI port for this printer?



Please email directly to me, I don't not read news on a regular basis. 
I will post a summary.

Thanks in advance.

-- 
	E-mail:		scott@ncifcrf.gov ,Phone #:	(301) 846-5798
        Title:  	Sr. Systems Manager/Analyst

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38623
From: cgschot@cs.ruu.nl (Gerco Schot)
Subject: Ray Tracing Pictures


For those who are interested in Ray Traced pictures, there is a nice example
on alt.binaries.pictures.misc. The file is called Poolball.gif. It shows a
pooltable with... YES! ... poolballs!
Resolution: 1024x768,  colours: 256 (only).
The TGA (24 bit) version is also available, but a bit big (2.4Mb) to post.
The picture is created with POV-ray.




Enjoy!


_Gerco_
__cgschot@cs.ruu.nl__


-- 
 ___________________________________
/                                   \
\___________________________________/
/_ Gerco Schot (cgschot@cs.ruu.nl) _\

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38624
From: td@alice.att.com (Tom Duff)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:
> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?
Forty-two is six times nine.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38625
From: ds@aris.nswc.navy.mil (Demetrios Sapounas)
Subject: 3D display software



   I have the need for displaying 2 1/2 D surfaces under X, using only
Xlib, Xt and Xm.  Does anyone know of a package, available on internet,
which will be able to do the work?

   I am looking for a STAND-ALONE package providing similar functions
to "xprism3" available with Khoros, but without the numerous libraries
required for it.  I want to be able to recompile it and run it on
various platforms, from SGIs to i486s (UNIX).

   Any help will be appreciated.


=======================================================================
Demetrios Sapounas                         Tel        +1 (703) 663.8332
L 115, NSWC                                Fax        +1 (703) 663.1939
Dahlgren, VA 22448-5000, USA               email  ds@aris.nswc.navy.mil
=======================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38626
From: e-sink@uiuc.edu (Eric W. Sink)
Subject: Re: Looking for WMF Converter

buck@HQ.Ileaf.COM (David Buchholz x3252) writes:

>I'm looking for any leads to the source of a good Windows
>Meta File converter or interpreter. I need this for use
>outside the Windows environment. PD sources preferred, but
>not a requirement. Please reply to the address below.

On a related topic, I have been searching (with no success)
for a specification of the Enhanced Metafile format.  I have
the original WMF format (Graphics File Formats, Levine et al),
but no info on the 32 bit version.

Any pointers ?

-- 
Eric W. Sink, Spyglass        | "In all the earth, only humans have the ability
1800 Woodfield Drive          |    to be content in bad situations...
Savoy, IL  61826              |    and vice-versa."
---- e-sink@uiuc.edu ---------|---------- 217-355-6000 -----------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38627
From: mark@ocsmd.ocs.com (Mark Wilson)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Mark A. Cartwright (markc@emx.utexas.edu) wrote:
: Well,
: 
: 42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
: answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
: That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.
: 
: Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
But it WAS discovered (sort of).  The question was "What is 7 times 8?"
When Arthur Dent objected that this was, unfortunately, factually
inaccurate, the effort to discover the question was begun all over.
This last effort was, I believe, likely to take far longer than
the lifespan of the universe, in fact several lifespans of same!
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Wilson, Online Computer Systems.  1-800-922-9204 or 1-301-601-2215
(Try email address mark@ocsmd.ocs.com....)
This file .disclaims everything signed with my .signature, I .mean it!
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38628
From: bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Florian Bockamp)
Subject: WANTED: Matrox PG-1281 CV driver





Hi!

I need a Windows 3.1 driver for the Matrox PG-1281 CV
SVGA card. 
At the moment Windows runs only in the 640x480 mode.
If you have a driver for this card, please send it 
with the OEMSETUP.INF to 

bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE

Thanks!

-- 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Florian Bockamp                                  '''            |
| bockamp@informatik.tu-muenchen.de               (o o)           |
+---------------------------------------------oOO--( )--OOo-------+
|                                                   -             |
|         "It's not a bug, it's an undocumented feature!"         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38629
From: jack@robotics.jpl.nasa.gov (Jack Morrison)
Subject: Fixed-point math library

Has anyone written or seen a C library or C++ class for fixed-point math,
or good articles about same?

I pretty much know how to do this, but I have a few other wheels to invent
at the moment...

Thanks!
---
"How am I typing? Call 1-818-354-7782"               jack@robotics.jpl.nasa.gov
Jack Morrison/Jet Propulsion Lab/MS107-102 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena CA 91109


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38630
From: ch381@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (James K. Black)
Subject: NEEDED: algorithms for 2-d & 3-d object recognition


Hi,
         I have a friend who is working on 2-d and 3-d object recognition. He is looking
for references describing algorithms on the following subject areas:

Thresholding
Edge Segmentation
Marr-Hildreth
Sobel Operator
Chain Codes
Thinning - Skeletonising

If anybody is willing to post an algorithm that they have implemented which demonstrates
any of the above topics, it would be much appreciated.

Please post all replies to my e-mail address. If requested I will post a summary to the
newsgroup in a couple of weeks.


Thanks in advance for all replies

James
eb192@city.ac.uk

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38631
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Hijaak

Haston, Donald Wayne (haston@utkvx.utk.edu) wrote:
: Currently, I use a shareware program called Graphics Workshop.
: What kinds of things will Hijaak do that these shareware programs
: will not do?

I also use Graphic Workshop and the only differences that I know of are that
Hijaak has screen capture capabilities and acn convert to/from a couple of
more file formats (don't know specifically which one).  In the April 13
issue of PC Magazine they test the twelve best selling image capture/convert
utilities, including Hijaak.

TMC.
(tmc@spartan.ac.brocku.ca)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38632
From: wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael)
Subject: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

Hello,

    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac.

    I have not been able to find any, and would appreciate any
    information about such products you could provide.

    I would be particularly interested in software that runs on HP or
    Sun workstations, and does not require special add-in hardware, but
    would also be interested in other solutions.


Thank You.
Wayne
-- 
Wayne Michael
wdm@world.std.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38633
From: ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <prestonm.735400848@cs.man.ac.uk> prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk (Martin  
Preston) writes:
> Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
> good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.

I certainly do use it whenever I have to do TIFF, and it usually works
very well.  That's not my point.  I'm >philosophically< opposed to it
because of its complexity.

This complexity has led to some programs' poor TIFF writers making
some very bizarre files, other programs' inability to load TIFF
images (though they'll save them, of course), and a general
inability to interchange images between different environments
despite the fact they all think they understand TIFF.

As the saying goes, "It's not me I'm worried about- it's all the
>other<  assholes out there!"  I've had big trouble with misuse and
abuse of TIFF over the years, and I chalk it all up to the immense (and
unnecessary) complexity of the format.

In the words of the TIFF 5.0 spec, Appendix G, page G-1 (capitalized
emphasis mine):

"The only problem with this sort of success is that TIFF was designed
to be powerful and flexible, at the expense of simplicity.  It takes a
fair amount of effort to handle all the options currently defined in
this specification (PROBABLY NO APPLICATION DOES A COMPLETE JOB),
and that is currently the only way you can be >sure< that you will be
able to import any TIFF image, since there are so many
image-generating applications out there now."


If a program (or worse all applications) can't read >every< TIFF
image, that means there are some it won't- some that I might have to
deal with.  Why would I want my images to be trapped in that format?  I
don't and neither should anyone who agrees with my reasoning- not
that anyone does, of course! :-)

ab

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38634
Subject: Marching Cubs
From: abild@bert.cs.byu.edu

 Hello,

Hello,

     I was wondering if anyone knew of a PC or MAC
implementation of the marching cubes algorithm that will output
the individual faces.  If there is no such application, might there
be some C source code that I could modify to implement the
algorithm and get to the individual faces.

Thanks in advance
Sincerly

Tracy

+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Tracy J. Abildskov                 | Phone:  (801) 378-3407        |
|                                    | FAX:    (801) 378-7862        |
| Address : Brigham Young University |                               |
|           Department of Psychology | E-mail: abild@bert.cs.byu.edu |
|           Provo, UT 84602          |                               |
|           USA                      |                               |
+------------------------------------+-------------------------------+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38635
From: chert@dungeon.cirr.com (Chert Pellett)
Subject: Epson (HPGL) 4 pen plotter W/340 Pens $500 / B.O.

Greetings,
    I have an Epson HI-80 4 pen plotter forsale.  It emulates an HP 7570
or 7574 - I'm not sure which.  It has an option board on it that does
the emulation.  It has a serial interface with Hardware handshake. I
also have 340 Pens for it as follows:  10 packs of 4 Black Oil based, 16
packs of 4 Red,Green, Blue, and Black pens, 22 packs of 4 Aqueous Black,
7 packs of 4 Aqueous R,G,Blue,Black,  1 pack of 6 Aqueous Multi color
pens,  and 114 assorted non-packaged pens mostly colored.

    The plotter is used.  I have tested it using the Windows drivers for
HP 7570 and HP 7574 and both worked fine.  It accepts either A or B
sized paper. (8.5 x 11 or 11x17).

    I figure that the plotter is worth about $300 and the pens are worth at
least another $200 more..  One thing is certain, you won't need to
purchase any pens for quite a while...  All of the packaged pens were
sealed so they are all still fresh.  The rest were capped and seem to
function as well.

    I'd be willing to sell the pens seperate if anyone is interested in
just them.

    I'm selling it because I got a HP LaserJet and I don't need color.

    I'd like $350 or best offer...

    -Chert
-- 
Chert Pellett - chert@dungeon.cirr.com || chert@dungeon.lonestar.org
PANIC: The cat is nibbling on the power cord!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38636
From: crussell@netcom.com (Chris Russell)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

Mark Wilson (mark@ocsmd.ocs.com) wrote:
: Mark A. Cartwright (markc@emx.utexas.edu) wrote:
: : 42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
: : answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
: : Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...
: ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
: But it WAS discovered (sort of).  The question was "What is 7 times 8?"

[ Read on and there's a special prize at the bottom.  Amaze your friends
and gain respect from your peers that you can carry on so long about the
number 42. ]

The original question was "What is the meaning of Life, the Universe, and
and Everything."  The answer generated by Deep Thought (the 2nd largest
computer ever created) was 42.  Deep Thought realized that to understand
the answer, one must really know what the question is.  Unfortunately, he
didn't.  But he was able to help build the largest computer (named Earth)
which could figure out the real question.  (I know this is background
knowledge for everyone here... just bear with me a sec... :)

When Arthur pulled the scrabble tiles out of the bag, he spelled out
"What is nine times six?" (or the like).  However, it is not clear that
the monkey-man had the right question in his brain, especially since it
was that lady in the diner (which was vaporized moments later) that came
up with the answer to how everyone could get along.  On the other hand,
Marvin said he saw the answer in Dent's brain, so lets presume it's 
correct.

Well, NINE TIMES SIX ***IS*** FORTY-TWO!!!  ...in base 13.

Chew on that for awhile... :)

--
Chris Russell            Custom software, networks, CASE tools, and consulting
Adaptive Solutions       Sun SPARC, SGI IRIS, HP Apollo, Macintosh, & PC

Internet:  crussell@netcom.com
GTE:       909/861-4048
U.S. Mail: P.O. Box 5424
           Diamond Bar, CA 91675-7424

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38637
From: rytg7@fel.tno.nl (Q. van Rijt)
Subject: Re: Sphere from 4 points?

There is another useful method based on Least Sqyares Estimation of the sphere equation parameters.

The points (x,y,z) on a spherical surface with radius R and center (a,b,c) can be written as 

   (x-a)^2 + (y-b)^2 + (z-c)^2 = R^2

This equation can be rewritten into the following form:  

   2ax + 2by + 2cz + R^2 - a^2 - b^2 -c^2 = x^2 + y^2 + z^2

Approximate the left hand part by   F(x,y,z) = p1.x + p2.x + p3.z + p4.1

For all datapoints, i.c. 4, determine the 4 parameters p1..p4 which minimise the average error |F(x,y,z) - x^2 - y^2 - z^2|^2.

In 'Numerical Recipes in C' can be found algorithms to solve these parameters.

The best fitting sphere will have 
- center (a,b,c) = (p1/2, p2/2, p3/2)
- radius R = sqrt(p4 + a.a + b.b + c.c).

So, at last, will this solve you sphere estination problem, at least for the most situations I think ?.

Quick van Rijt, rytg7@fel.tno.nl




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38638
From: cs60805@basin04.cacs.usl.edu (Rao Koganti Srinivasa)
Subject: POLYGON FILL routine needed ....



    Hi ,


	I am looking for a polygon fill routine to fill 
	simple 4 sided polygons .

	Can some one who has this routine in C help me in 
	saving my "REINVENTING" time.

	Thanx in advance .....




	Rao.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38639
From: mikec@sail.LABS.TEK.COM (Micheal Cranford)
Subject: Disney Animation

------------------------------------

  Can anyone tell me anything about the Disney Animation software package?
Note the followup line (this is not for me but for a colleague).


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38640
From: kmembry@viamar.UUCP (Kirk Membry)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

Read Issue #2 of Wired Magazine.  It has a long article on the "hype" of
3DO.  I've noticed that every article talks with the designers and how
"great" it is, but never show any pictures of the output (or at least
pictures that one can understand)


-- 
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Kirk Membry                                    "Our Age is the Age of Industry"
rutgers!viamar!kmembry                         - Alexander Rodchenko
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38641
From: doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons)
Subject: Re: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

FOMBARON marc (fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr) wrote:
: Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
: Thank you for helping


No.  As I recall, the only differences are in the 3ds.set parameters - some
of the defaults have changed slightly.  I'll look when I get home and let
you know, but there isn't enough to actually warrant upgrading.

douginoz

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38642
From: mz@moscom.com (Matthew Zenkar)
Subject: Re: CView answers

Ray Knight (rknight@stiatl.salestech.com) wrote:
:uk02183@nx10.mik.uky.edu (bryan k williams) writes:

:>re: majority of users not readding from floppy.
:>Well, how about those of us who have 1400-picture CD-ROMS and would like to use
:>CVIEW because it is fast and it works well, but can't because the moron lacked
:>the foresight to create the temp file in the program's path, not the current
:>didrectory?


:  Actually the most flexible way to create temp files is to check for a TEMP or
: TMP environment variable and create the files on the drive and directory pointedto by the variable.  This is pretty much a standard for DOS, Windows and OS/2
: applications.

Unfortunately, cview does not pay attention to the temp environment variable.

Matthew Zenkar
mz@moscom.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38643
From: davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com (David J. Ray)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

Martin Preston (prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk) wrote:
: In <C5sCGu.1LL@mentor.cc.purdue.edu> ab@nova.cc.purdue.edu (Allen B) writes:
: 
: >I've got the 6.0 spec (obviously since I quoted it in my last posting). 
: >My gripe about TIFF is that it's far too complicated and nearly
: >infinitely easier to write than to read,...
: 
: Why not use the PD C library for reading/writing TIFF files? It took me a
: good 20 minutes to start using them in your own app.
: 
: Martin
: 
What is the name of this PD C library for TIFF.  I'd like to get a copy of it,
but I can't Archie for something I don't have the filename for.

Thanks.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38644
From: tonyo@pendragon.CNA.TEK.COM (Tony Ozrelic)
Subject: Need info on cc:Mail file format

I need the file format for cc:Mail file formats - it seems to be PCX-based,
but with a twist: only the first page of a multi-page fax will come out
readable. The other pages disappear. The format seems to be 'proprietary'.

Anybody got any clues? I have to give my email FAXes to my secretary in
order to get 'em unscrambled. I want a filter from cc:Mail to .p[nb]m.

Come to think of it, p[nb]m to cc:Mail would be nice too.

tonyo@master.CNA.TEK.COM




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38645
From: morley@suncad.camosun.bc.ca (Mark Morley)
Subject: Medical Images via Gopher?

A few days back someone posted info on a gopher site where you could
search for medical graphics, etc.  Could someone please repost or mail me
a copy?  I'd greatly appreciate it.  Thanks!

Mark

===================================================================
 Mark Morley, UNIX/SUN Manager           NET: morley@camosun.bc.ca
 Camosun College - Interurban Campus     TEL: (604) 370-4601
 4461 Interurban Road  Room 143-Tech     FAX: (604) 370-3660
 Victoria, B.C.  Canada   V8X 3X1

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38646
From: seth@north6.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman)
Subject: morphing


Keywords: 

I am looking for some morphing programs for DEC's or pc's. I looked for a program
called dmorph using archie but could not find it. I found a progrmam call
morpho but it only did grayscale images. Does anyone know where I should look?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38647
From: raymaker@bcm.tmc.edu (Mark Raymaker)
Subject: graphics driver standards

I have a researcher who collecting electical impulses from
the human heart through a complex Analog to Digital system
he has designed and inputting this information into his EISA
bus HP Vectra Computer running DOS and the Phar Lap DOS extender. 

He want to purchase a very high-performance video card for
3-D modeling. He is aware of a company called Matrox but
he is concerned about getting married to a company and their
video routine library. He would hope some more flexibility:
to choose between several card manufacturers with a standard
video driver. He would like to write more generic code- 
code that could be easily moved to other cards or computer operating
systems in the future. Is there any hope?
Any information would be greatly appreciated-
Please, if possible, respond directly to internet mail 
to raymaker@bcm.tmc.edu

Thanks




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38648
From: xrcjd@mudpuppy.gsfc.nasa.gov (Charles J. Divine)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

In article <1r3lf9$fu0@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu> Mark A. Cartwright <markc@emx.utexas.edu> writes:
>Well,
>
>42 is 101010 binary, and who would forget that its the
>answer to the Question of "Life, the Universe, and Everything else."
>That is to quote Douglas Adams in a round about way.
>
>Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...

But the Question was later revealed to be:  What is 9 x 6?  (In the
base 13 system, of course.)


-- 
Chuck Divine

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38649
From: eylerken@stein.u.washington.edu (Ken Eyler)
Subject: 3D Animation Station


	I am looking for some information about 3D animation stations that
are currently on the market.  The price of the station can be from 5K-20K, 
but no more than $20,000.00.  Type of workstation doesnt matter (PC, MAC, 
SGI etc..) .  If you use or have bought/looked at one or can suggest your
dream machine, then please mail me your configurations.  I need the following.

	1. Type of station (PC, MAC etc.. )
	2. Expandibilty of the machine.
	3. Software that can run on it
	4. VTR Controller and/or VTR deck model/name.
	5. Vendors names and numbers.

Thanks in advance.

					Ken Eyler
					eylerken@u.washington.edu
					The Evergreen State College

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38650
Subject: XLib and 24 Bit Displays [Info Needed]	
From: sl0pr@riverdale.enet.dec.com (869883 Thakkar Rahul Chandrakant)

Hi,

My name is rahul and I am doing MS at USU, Logan
My query is:
	I have a HP workstation: HP Series 400 with X running on it.
I have a true color - 24bit color monitor connected to this machine.
Normally I have the capability to display 256 colors from a max of
16.7 million. Since the monitor is True Color I can see 16.7
million at a time. 
Que: do we have a facility in X(c-function call) that will enable me
to specify any RGB combination and see it on screen? I am using
XStoreColor to set the pallette of a max of 256 colors.
Que: If not. Is there any way I can display a true color image
on a true color monitor using XLib function calls?

We are generating ray traced images and 256 colors are indeed a
painful limit. besides I need the facility to display the true color images 
i will be generating on a true color system WITHOUT color 
quantification.
Please, if anyone can help i'd be obliged

Rahul
sl0pr@cc.usu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38651
From: joshuaf@yang.earlham.edu
Subject: TIFF -> Anything?!

Are there any TIFF to anything programs out there for the IBM?
Our scanner works into TIFF, and I can view it on CSHOW 8.1, but 
all of my other programs read errors.  Are there any basic Tiff to 
JPEG, GIF, PCX, BMP, etc...?

Thanks for the time...Email or post acceptable.
Joshuaf

"That Geiger scan looks like dookie!"
"I know it's a TIFF!!!!"

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38652
From: kruzifix@netcom.com (Living On The Edge......)
Subject: IMAGINE for PC??

Is Impulse shipping IMAGINE for the PC386/486?  How close is it to the
Amiga's IMAGINE 2.0, in terms of features?

=============================================================================
  Roland Chia                   |    >>> Air-Cooled >>>                     
  EMAIL:kruzifix@netcom.com     |             >>> Free-Falling >>>           
  VOICE:(209)447-9403           |                      >>> Carbon Unit >>>  
=============================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38653
From: shmuel@mapsut.einstein.com (Shmuel Einstein)
Subject: Screen capture -> CYMK converter

I have a small program to extract a 640x480 image from a vga 16 color screen,
and store that image in a TIFF file.  I need to insert the image into a
sales brochure, which I then need printed in 4 color.  On a mac, I would
use Photoshop to separate the image into 5 EPS files, and then pull it into
quark express, then get it printed to film on a lintronix at a service bureau.

However, I don't have a mac, but I do have windows.  What would I need to 
do this type of operation in the windows 3.1 environment?  Are there any
separation programs available on the net?  Is there a good page layout program
that I should look into?

Thanks in advance.


-- 
Shmuel Einstein, shmuel@einstein.com
Shmuel Einstein & Associates, Inc.
9100 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 235 E
Beverly Hills, CA  90212
310/273-8971 FAX 310/273-8872

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38654
From: hwstock@snll-arpagw.llnl.gov (stockman harlan w)
Subject: hp2xx for DOS


Is there a precompiled version of hp2xx for DOS out there - prefereably
for 386/486?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38655
From: ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
|> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
|> 
|> I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.
|> 
|> There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
|> (After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
|> setting to static - else the client core-dumped)
|> 
|> Steve
|> -- 
|> 
|>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
|> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
|> | Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
|> | Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
|> | Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
|> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
|>          (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer
I built it on a rs6000 (my only Motif machine) works fine.  I added some objects
into dogfight so I could get used to flying.  This was very easy. 
All in all Cool!.  
Brian

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38656
From: gmt@beach.cis.ufl.edu (Gary McTaggart)
Subject: 3d Animation Studio file format??

Is the ".3ds" file format for Autodesk's 3D Animation Studio available?

Thanks,
Gary

(Please respond by email.  I have a hell of a time keeping up with news!!
:-) )

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38657
From: kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au (Kai Howells)
Subject: Re: Ray tracer for ms-dos?

In article <1r1cqiINNje8@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>,
tdawson@llullaillaco.engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) wrote:
> 
> 
> Sorry for the repeat of this request, but does anyone know of a good
> free/shareware program with which I can create ray-traces and save
> them as bit-mapped files?  (Of course if there is such a thing =)
> 
> Thanks in advance
> 
> Daemon

PPPPP    OOOOO  V     V  Persistance Of Vision Raytracer.
P    P  O     O V     V
P    P  O     O V     V
PPPPP   O     O V     V
P       O     O  V   V
P       O     O   V V
P        OOOOO     V

Available on archie and wuarchive in graphics type directories.

PS It's freeware.

--

      _/_/_/                         
    _/                                        Kai Howells.
   _/         _/_/_/   _/ _/_/   _/  _/_/_/  kai_h@postoffice.utas.edu.au
    _/_/    _/     _/ _/_/   _/ _/ _/       35 Mortimer Ave
       _/  _/     _/ _/     _/ _/ _/       New Town TAS 7008
      _/  _/     _/ _/     _/ _/ _/       Ph. Within Australia 002 286 110
_/_/_/     _/_/_/  _/     _/ _/   _/_/_/  Elsewhere:        +61 02 286 110

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38658
From: schwartz@ils.nwu.edu (diane schwartz)
Subject: SIGKids Research Showcase Call

		SIGKIDS CALL FOR PARTICIPATION
SIGKids Research Showcase is where learning is hip.  Pushing the edge in
education, computer graphics, and new technologies, the SIGKids Research
Showcase will provide SIGGRAPH's attendees with the latest in applying
computer technology to form state of the art educational experiences.  So
hop to it!  Submit any works which converge the disciplines of education
and computer technology.

Possible categories and domains include but are NOT LIMITED to:

-Interactive/stand-alone applications
-Self-Run demonstrations and tutorials
-Museum Installations
-Groupware/Collaborative systems
-Hypermedia
-Virtual Reality
-Scientific Visualization
-Interactive Art
-Microworlds

Deadlines:

May 21, 1993 submissions due  


Submit to:

Diane Schwartz
SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKids Committee
c/o The Institute for the Learning Sciences
1890 Maple Avenue, Suite 150
Evanston, Illinois 60201
Fax:	708.491.5258
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

Electronic Submission Form:
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

How to Submit:
1. Fill out the 'Permission to Use' form (see page 19 of the SIGGRAPH '93
Call for Participation or send email to schwartz@ils.nwu.edu to have one
faxed to you.)

2. Fill out the SIGKids '93 Research Showcase Submission Form (below).

3. Send an abstract/description of the submission (approximately 100 words)
in one of the following ways:

    A. Send 3 hard copies to Diane Schwartz (via surface mail) at the above
       address
							                    OR
    B. Fax 1 copy to Diane Schwartz at (708)491-5258
                           OR
    C. Email 1 copy to Diane Schwartz at schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

4. If it is necessary to explain the project, additional support material
such as videotapes and slides that will assist the selection committee in
reaching a decision are highly reccommended. 

Fax and email submissions are acceptable.

PLEASE SEND ALL OF YOUR SUBMISSION MATERIAL IN THE SAME FORM (either
surface mail, email, or fax. The only exception to this should be the
additional support material which should only be sent via surface mail). 

NOTE: Due to our very limited budget, if the submitter chooses to have a
dedicated machine for their work, they will have to pay rental fees
for the hardware personally.

NOTE: Contributors outside for the United States should be aware of customs
and carrier delays and send submissions early.

______________________________________cut
here__________________________________

         ACM SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKIDS RESEARCH SHOWCASE ENTRY FORM


A copy of this form must accompany each proposal you submit.  Send SIGKids
Research Showcase Entries to:

Diane Schwartz
SIGGRAPH '93 SIGKids Committee
c/o The Institute for the Learning Sciences
1890 Maple Avenue, Suite 150
Evanston, Illinois 60201
Fax:	708.491.5258
schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

Please print legibly.

Contact Information: 
Name________________________________________________

Company______________________________________________

Address______________________________________________

City_________________________________________________

State_____________Postal code______________Country_________________ 

Daytime phone_____________________Evening phone____________________

Fax_____________________________Email______________________________

Additional Information:

Title or Theme of Piece__________________________________ 

Participant(s') name(s)___________________________________

Collaborator(s') name(s)__________________________________ 

Hardware (platform and periferals):

1. What is
needed:_____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2. Supplied by Participant:

		___ Yes  ___ No

	3. Dedicated machine?

		___ Yes  ___ No

NOTE:  Due to our very limited budget the participant must pay the rental
fees for any dedicated hardware.

___Need assistance
(specify)____________________________________________________ 

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________


Software________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Statement - Please tell us the significance of the work.
(less than 50 words)
________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Medium:

___Other (describe - i.e. virtual reality, virtual sculpture, interactive
multimedia installation,
etc.)__________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________


Special Requirements:

Physical
description____________________________________________________________ 

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Power___________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Dimensions______________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Other__________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Authorization

Permission to use visual and audio:  In the event that materials used in my
ACM SIGGRAPH'93 SIGKids Research Showcase Entry contain the work of other
individuals or organizations (including any copyrighted musical
compositions or excerpts thereof), I understand that it is my
responsibility to secure any necessary permissions and/or liscenses.  

	___Yes ___No  My piece contains images, audio, or video components.
               If yes:
	              ___Yes ___No  I have the necessary rights and/or permissions
to
                             use the images, audio, or video components in
my
                             piece.

Conference presentation release:  By signing this form, I grant SIGGRAPH'93
permission to consider my piece for the SIGKids Research Showcase.  I
maintain the copyright to my work and will receive full credit wherever
this work is used.

Conference promotional material:  I grant ACM SIGGRAPH the right to use my
slides for conference and organization publicity, both now and in the
future.  This includes usage on posters, brochures, catalogs, promotional
items, or media broadcast. In exchange, SIGGRAPH provides full
author/artist credit information on all promotional material.

___Yes ___No  I grant ACM SIGGRAPH permission to use slides of my work
              for conference and organization publicity.

Signature______________________________________Date_________

ACM SIGGRAPH makes every attempt to respect and protect intellectual 
property rights of people and organizations preparing material for 
SIGGRAPH conferences. This entry form explains the uses SIGGRAPH will 
make of the material and requires you to acknowledge that you have 
permission to use this material.  This may involve seeking clearance from 
your employer or from others who have loaned you material, such as 
videotapes and slides.  This form helps prevent situations whereby 
SIGGRAPH'93 presentations include material without permission that 
might lead to complaints or even legal action.

This form also asks you to grant SIGGRAPH the right to distribute your
work, while you maintain the copyright.  Slide sets and catalogs are
publications for which you grant SIGGRAPH nonexclusive worldwide
distribution rights.  SIGGRAPH marks each item in these publications with a
proper copyright notice, which informs viewers that these items may not be
copied, reproduced, broadcast, or used for commercial purposes without the
explicit permission of the indivicual copyright owners.  In addition, this
form asks if  ACM SIGGRAPH may  use the your materials for conference and
organizational promotional material in exchange for full author/artist
credit information.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38659
From: omar@godzilla.osf.org (Mark Marino)
Subject: WANTED: Playmation Info

Hi Folks,

   Does anyone have a copy of Playmation they'd be willing to sell me.  I'd 
love to try it out, but not for the retail $$$.  If you have moved onto 
something bigger (3DS) or better (Imagine), I'd love to buy your table scraps.

   If noone is selling, can anyone recommend a place to buy Playmation 
mail-order for cheap?  

   Thanks in advance,

   Mark



-- 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
|                                                                             |
| Mark Marino              | omar@osf.org           |  uunet!osf!omar         |
| Open Software Foundation | 11 Cambridge Center    |  Cambridge, MA 02142    |
|_____________________________________________________________________________|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38660
From: fsmarc@tristero.lerc.nasa.gov (Marc Cooper)
Subject: Re: Marching Cubs


I saw this subject and all I could think of was a parade at Wrigley Field
in Chicago.

Or maybe it's just me. 

:)


-- 
Marc Cooper - Graphics Programmer - Sverdrup Tech.| "As a child, I WAS an 
fsmarc@lerc.nasa.gov                              |       imaginary playmate."
NASA Lewis Research Center  MS 5-11               |                        
21000 Brookpark Dr.                               | Tom Robbins
Cleveland, OH  44135               (216) 433-8898 | Even Cowgirls Get the Blues
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                Disclaimer:  "It's mine! All mine!"  -D. Duck

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38661
Subject: POV file constructor for Unix/X11
From: Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (chumphre)


Hi, I'm just getting into PoVRay and I was wondering if there is a graphic
package that outputs .POV files.  Any help would be appreciated.
Thanks.

Later'ish
Craig

-- 
    |\/\/\/\/\/| 
    | ___  ___ |         "I didn't do it, nobody saw me do it, 
    |/   \/   \|             you can't prove anything."
_ccc_c_#_|__#_ccc_c_____chumphre@comp.vuw.ac.nz_______________________________

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38662
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: Re: more on radiosity

amann@iam.unibe.ch (Stephan Amann) writes:

>In article 66319@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU, xz775327@longs.LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Xia Zhao) writes:
>>
>>
>>In article <1993Apr19.131239.11670@aragorn.unibe.ch>, you write:
>>|>
>>|>
>>|> Let's be serious... I'm working on a radiosity package, written in C++.
>>|> I would like to make it public domain.  I'll announce it in c.g. the minute
>>|> I finished it.
>>|>
>>|> That were the good news. The bad news: It'll take another 2 months (at least)
>>|> to finish it.

Please note that there are some radiosity packages in my Resource Listing
(under the Subject 3: FTP list)

Greetings,
Nick.
--
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

USENET Editor of comp.graphics Resource Listing and soc.culture.greece FAQ
NTUA/UA ACM Student Chapter Chair - we're organizing a small conference
        in Comp. Graphics, call if you're interested to participate.
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38663
From: deweeset@ptolemy2.rdrc.rpi.edu (Thomas E. DeWeese)
Subject: Finding equally spaced points on a sphere.


  Hello, I know that this has been discussed before.  But at the time
I didn't need to teselate a sphere.  So if any kind soul has the code
or the alg, that was finally decided upon as the best (as I recall it
was a nice, iterative subdivision meathod), I would be very 
appreciative.
							Thomas DeWeese
deweeset@rdrc.rpi.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38664
From: Gordon_Sumerling@itd.dsto.gov.au (Gordon Sumerling)
Subject: Re: Grayscale Printer

Have you considered the Apple Laserwriter IIg. We use it for all our B&W
image printing.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38665
From: newmme@helios.tn.cornell.edu (Mark E. J. Newman)
Subject: HELP: advice on what video system to buy

If this question is covered elsewhere, I apologize, but I need information
fast.

My department has been given a large sum of money to install a video system
on our network of IBM RS6000 workstations.  This is not an area in which I
have any expertise, so I wonder if anyone out there can offer advice.  We
would like a system, based either on VHS or 8mm video which will allow one 
write video, frame by frame on tape for play-back in real time.  It's for
visualization of physics problems.  Can anyone tell me what hardware is
available which would work for our system?  Some support software is
obviously needed too, but nothing particularly sophisticated, since the
software we actually use for the visualization is all already written.

Please email with replies, as I don't read this group.  Many thanks for your
help.

Dr. M. E. J. Newman.
Department of Physics,
Cornell University.
newmme@helios.tn.cornell.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38666
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

There is a program called Graphic Workshop you can FTP from
wuarchive.  The file is in the msdos/graphics directory and
is called "grfwk61t.zip."  This program should od everthing
you need.

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38667
From: weilej@cary115.its.rpi.edu (Jason Lee Weiler)
Subject: Re: Sun IPX root window display - background picture

In article <1993Apr19.220817.22480@osi.com>, scott@osi.com (Scott Fleming) writes:
|> 
|> Hello netters!
|>  
|> I have a fairly weak question to ask everybody in netland.  I've looked though
|> the last FAQ for comp.graphics but I didn't find my answer.  Thus the post.
|>  
|> I'll keep it short.
|>  
|> QUESTION:  How do I display any raster files, gif files, iff or tiff images
|> that I have on my "root window" or background?  I have a sun ipc, openwindows
|> 3.0, Sun OS 4.1.3 if that helps any.
|>  
|> I've compiled POV for the sun and would like to display some of the work I have
|> done as a background/tile.  Thanks for any help or information that you
|> provide.  Have a good day.
|>  
|> Scott Fleming
|> OSI
|>  
|> P.S.
|> Kudo's to the people who provided POV, its great!
|> 

Scott,
	I'm not so sure if this is helpful, but I usually use XV v2.21.  I use Sun IPCs and IPXs, and it works fine.  It can display in a good number of ways.(root being one of them)  It's also possible to have XV put up a background automatically at login.  Hope this helps.

Jason Weiler
<weilej@rpi.edu>

BTW  XV v2.21 is on anonymous FTP somewhere. (archie fer it!)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38668
From: ferdinan@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl (Ferdinand Oeinck)
Subject: Re: detecting double points in bezier curves

renner@adobe.com (John Renner) writes:

> In article <19930420.090030.915@almaden.ibm.com> capelli@vnet.IBM.COM (Ron Ca
> >In <ia522B1w165w@oeinck.waterland.wlink.nl> Ferdinand Oeinck writes:
> >>I'm looking for any information on detecting and/or calculating a double
> >>point and/or cusp in a bezier curve.
> >
> >See:
> >   Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
> >   "A Geometric Characterization of Parametric Cubic Curves",
> >   ACM TOG, vol 8, no 3, July 1989, pp. 147-163.
> 
> I've used that reference, and found that I needed to go to their
> original tech report:
> 
> 	Maureen Stone and Tony DeRose,
> 	"Characterizing Cubic Bezier Curves"
> 	Xerox  EDL-88-8, December 1988
> 

First, thanks to all who replied to my original question.

I've implemented the ideas from the article above and I'm very satisfied
with the results. I needed it for my bezier curve approximation routine.
In some cases (generating offset curves) loops can occur. I now have a
fast method of detecting the generation of a curve with a loop. Although
I did not follow the article above strictly. The check if the fourth control
point lies in the the loop area, which is bounded by two parabolas and
one ellips is too complicated. Instead I enlarged the loop-area and
surrounded it by for straight lines. The check is now simple and fast and
my approximation routine never ever outputs self-intersecting bezier curves
again!
Ferdinand.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38669
From: ryanph@mrl.dsto.gov.au
Subject: DREGISTERe: XV for MS-DOS

Pascal Perret, in article <1993Apr21.125750.263@eicn.etna.ch>, wrote
> 
> 	Site	: omnigate.clarkson.edu
> 	Aliases	: grape.ecs.clarkson.edu
> 	Number	: 128.153.4.2
> 
> 	/pub/msdos/djgpp/pub
> 
> 	it's xv221.zip (?) I think...
> Certainly you read the other answer from Kevin Martin... He write about DV/X 
> (?). 
> 
>     What is it ?????? Could Someone answer ????

Funny thing, the InterNet: I have no idea what xv221 might be - except that it
might be something to do with X-windows on PCs (? If you know, and have used
it, and think that it is good, email me. [ryanph@mrl.dsto.gov.au]).

DV/X is a common abbreviation for QuarterDeck corporation's Desqview/X
software.

I have not used DV/X yet, but reading the blurbs that Quarterdeck sent me, it
sounds pretty great:
	* allows multiple DOS machines - the way that OS/2 does, but without
requiring 10 MB of RAM to get OS/2 going
	* pre-emptive multi-tasking
	* network computing - a proper X-windows client/server application -
this means that DOS program can be used on other X-windows computers on your
network, and that X-windows programs can be used on your DV/X computer
	* although it is NOT a version of Unix, it effectively has many of
Unix's features, and mostly you will be able to compile unix-type programs
using the djgpp or gnu c compilers

They advertise regularly in all of the major computing and programming
magazines. They also have InterNet support online (support@qdeck.com).

> *  Pascal PERRET     		|	perret@eicn.etna.ch         *

Hope that this helps anyone wanting to know.

Phil Ryan
Melbourne, australia


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38670
Subject: Re: Looking for Tseng VESA drivers
From: t890449@patan.fi.upm.es ()

Hi, this is my first msg to the Net (actually the 3rd copy of it, dam*ed VI!!).

  Look for the new VPIC6.0, it comes with updated VESA 1.2 drivers for almost every known card. The VESA level is 1.2, and my Tseng4000 24-bit has a nice affair with the driver. 

  Hope it is useful!!


							Bye



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38671
From: eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu (John Peter Kondis)
Subject: I need to make my VGA do shades.

I have a routine that changes the color (RGB) attributes on my
VGA adapter, but it doesn't work in the mode that I need.  
Specifically 68 hex.  An obscure mode, of course, but I need to
change the zillions of colors to 64 shade greyscale, but I do
not have the correct memory address for the pointer I need.

PLEASE, someone, I need the starting address, or maybe somewhere 
I can find it.  Thank you.

John Kondis
eapu207@orion.oac.uci.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38672
From: aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <1993Apr22.011720.28958@midway.uchicago.edu>, dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley) writes:
|> In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
|> >
|> >
|> >I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
|> >for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
|> >a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
|> >
|> >Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
|> >
|> >Thank you.
|> >
|> >Andre Boisvert
|> >beaver@rot.qc.ca
|> >
|> An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
|> World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
|> than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
|> and PhotoShop for Windows.  David
|> 

I don't know about that...I've used Photoshop 2.5 on both a 486dx-50 and a Quadra
950...I'd say they are roughly equal.  If anything the 486 was faster.

Both systems were running in 24 bit color and had the same amount of RAM (16 megs)
I also believe the quadra had one of those photoshop accelerators.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38673
From: aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar)
Subject: Re: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

In article <1993Apr22.021708.13381@hparc0.aus.hp.com>, doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons) writes:
|> FOMBARON marc (fombaron@ufrima.imag.fr) wrote:
|> : Are there significant differences between V2.01 and V2.00 ?
|> : Thank you for helping
|> 
|> 
|> No.  As I recall, the only differences are in the 3ds.set parameters - some
|> of the defaults have changed slightly.  I'll look when I get home and let
|> you know, but there isn't enough to actually warrant upgrading.
|> 
|> douginoz

Wrong...the major improvements for 2.01 and 2.01a are in the use of IPAS routines
for 3d studio.  They have increased in speed anywhere from 30-200% depending
on which ones you use.

All the Yost group IPAS routines that you can buy separate from the 3d studio
package require the use of 2.01 or 2.01a.  They are too slow with 2.00.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38674
From: richter@fossi.hab-weimar.de (Axel Richter)
Subject: True Color Display in POV


Hallo POV-Renderers !
I've got a BocaX3 Card. Now I try to get POV displaying True Colors
while rendering. I've tried most of the options and UNIVESA-Driver
but what happens isn't correct.
Can anybody help me ?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38675
From: inu530n@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au (I Rachmat)
Subject: Fractal compression

Hi... can anybody give me book or reference title to give me a start at 
fractal image compression technique. Helps will be appreciated... thanx

inu530n@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au
inu530n@aurora.cc.monash.edu.au


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38676
From: h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk (Abel)
Subject: Developable Surface

Hi netters,

	I am currently doing some investigations on "Developable Surface".
Can anyone familiar with this topic give me some information or sources
which can allow me to find some infomation of developable surface?
	Thanks for your help!

Abel
h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38677
From: sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543))
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

In article <1r6v3a$rj2@fg1.plk.af.mil>, ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout) writes:
|> In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
|> |> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
|> |> 
|> |> I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.
|> |> 
|> |> There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
|> |> (After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
|> |> setting to static - else the client core-dumped)
|> |> 
|> |> Steve
|> |> -- 
|> |> 
|> |>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
|> |> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
|> |> | Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
|> |> | Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
|> |> | Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
|> |> +-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
|> |>          (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer
|> I built it on a rs6000 (my only Motif machine) works fine.  I added some objects
|> into dogfight so I could get used to flying.  This was very easy. 
|> All in all Cool!.  
|> Brian

The RS6000 compiler is so forgiving, I think that if you mixed COBOL & pascal
the C compiler still wouldn't complain. :-)

Steve
-- 

         Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ Micro Focus
| Just like Pariah, I have no name, |    rm -rf *            | 26 West Street
| Living in a blaze of obscurity,   |      "rum ruff splat"  | Newbury
| Need courage to survive the day.  |                        | Berkshire
+-----------------------------------+------------------------+ England
         (A)bort (R)etry (I)nfluence with large hammer


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38678
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Alias phone number wanted

What is the phone number for Alias?
A toll-free number is preferred, if available.

Thanks

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38679
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog


In article <1993Apr19.171704.2147@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE> (comp.graphics.gnuplot,comp.graphics), rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube) writes:
>In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
>|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
>|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
>|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
>|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
>|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
>|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
>|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
>|> 				Nishantha
Have you checked out Adobe Illustrator? There are a few Unix versions
for it available, depending on your platform. I know of two Unix versions:
One for Mach (NeXT) and for Irix (SGI). There may be others, such
as for Sun SparcStation, but I don't know for sure.

ttyl,

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38680
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

I've been trying to figure out a way to get Adobe Illustrator
to auto-trace >exactly< what I see on my screen. But it misses
the edges of templates by as many as 6 pixels or more - resulting in images
that are useless  - I need exact tracing, not approximate.

I've tried adjusting the freehand tolerances as well as autotrace
tolerances but it doesn't help. Any suggestions?

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38681
From: lm001@rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE (Erwin H. Keeve)
Subject: Marchin Cubes



Hi there,

is there anybody who know a polygon_reduction algorithm for
marching cube surfaces. e.g. the algirithm of Schroeder,
Siggraph'92.

For any hints, hugs and kisses.

- Erwin

                                                 ,,,
                                                (o o)
 ___________________________________________oOO__(-)__OOo_____________
|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|_|
|_|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|
|                               |                                     |
| Erwin Keeve                   | adress:  Peter-Welter-Platz 2       |
|                               |          W-5000 Cologne 1, Germany  |
|                               |                                     |
| Dept. of Computergraphics &   | phone:   +49-221-20189-132 (-192)   |
|          Computeranimation    | FAX:     +49-221-20189-17           |
|                               |                                     |
| Academy of Media Arts Cologne | Email:   keeve@khm.uni-koeln.de     |
|_______________________________|_____________________________________|


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38682
From: u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (jih-shin ho)
Subject: disp135 [0/7]



I have posted disp135.zip to alt.binaries.pictures.utilities


******   You may distribute this program freely for non-commercial use
         if no fee is gained.
******   There is no warranty. The author is not responsible for any
         damage caused by this program.


Important changes since version 1.30:
    Fix bugs in file management system (file displaying).
    Improve file management system (more user-friendly).
    Fix bug in XPM version 3 reading.
    Fix bugs in TARGA reading/writng.
    Fix bug in GEM/IMG reading.
    Add support for PCX and GEM/IMG writing.
    Auto-skip macbinary header.


(1) Introduction:
  This program can let you READ, WRITE and DISPLAY images with different
  formats. It also let you do some special effects(ROTATION, DITHERING ....)
  on image. Its main purpose is to let you convert image among different
  formts.
  Include simple file management system.
  Support 'slide show'.
  There is NO LIMIT on image size.
  Currently this program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.
  If you want to use HiColor or TrueColor, you must have VESA driver.
  If you want to modify video driver, please read section (8).


(2) Hardware Requirement:
  PC 386 or better. MSDOS 3.3 or higher.
  min amount of ram is 4M bytes(Maybe less memory will also work).
  (I recommend min 8M bytes for better performance).
  Hard disk for swapping(virtual memory).

  The following description is borrowed from DJGPP.

  Supported Wares:

  * Up to 128M of extended memory (expanded under VCPI)
  * Up to 128M of disk space used for swapping
  * SuperVGA 256-color mode up to 1024x768
  * 80387
  * XMS & VDISK memory allocation strategies
  * VCPI programs, such as QEMM, DESQview, and 386MAX

  Unsupported:

  * DPMI
  * Microsoft Windows

  Features: 80387 emulator, 32-bit unix-ish environment, flat memory
  model, SVGA graphics.


(3) Installation:
  Video drivers, emu387 and go32.exe are borrowed from DJGPP.
  (If you use Western Digital VGA chips, read readme.wd)
  (This GO32.EXE is a modified version for vesa and is COMPLETELY compatible
   with original version)
+  *** But some people report that this go32.exe is not compatible with
+      other DJGPP programs in their system. If you encounter this problem,
+      DON'T put go32.exe within search path.

  *** Please read runme.bat for how to run this program.

  If you choose xxxxx.grn as video driver, add 'nc 256' to environment
    GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grn nc 256

  If you don't have 80x87, add 'emu x:/xxxxx/emu387' to environment GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grd emu x:/xxxxx/emu387

  **** Notes: 1. I only test tr8900.grn, et4000.grn and vesa.grn.
                 Other drivers are not tested.
              2. I have modified et4000.grn to support 8, 15, 16, 24 bits
                 display. You don't need to use vesa driver.
                 If et4000.grn doesn't work, please try vesa.grn.
              3. For those who want to use HiColor or TrueColor display,
                 please use vesa.grn(except et4000 users).
                 You can find vesa BIOS driver from :
                   wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/graphics
                   godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au: /kjb/MGL


(4) Command Line Switch:

+   Usage : display [-d|--display initial_display_type]
+                   [-s|--sort sort_method]
+                   [-h|-?]

    Display type: 8(SVGA,default), 15, 16(HiColor), 24(TrueColor)
+   Sort method: 'name', 'ext'


(5) Function Key:

    F2 : Change disk drive

+   CTRL-A -- CTRL-Z : change disk drive.

    F3 : Change filename mask (See match.doc)

    F4 : Change parameters

    F5 : Some effects on picture, eg. flip, rotate ....

    F7 : Make Directory

    t : Tag file

    + : Tag group files (See match.doc)

    T : Tag all files

    u : Untag file

    - : Untag group files (See match.doc)

    U : Untag all files

    Ins : Change display type (8,15,16,24) in 'read' & 'screen' menu.

    F6,m,M : Move file(s)

    F8,d,D : Delete file(s)

    r,R : Rename file

    c,C : Copy File(s)

    z,Z : Display first 10 bytes in Ascii, Hex and Dec modes.

+   f,F : Display disk free space.

    Page Up/Down : Move one page

    TAB : Change processing target.

    Arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down: Scroll image.
      Home: Left Most.
      End: Right Most.
      Page Up: Top Most.
      Page Down: Bottom Most.
      in 'screen' & 'effect' menu :
        Left,Right arrow: Change display type(8, 15, 16, 24 bits)

    s,S : Slide Show. ESCAPE to terminate.

    ALT-X : Quit program without prompting.

+   ALT-A : Reread directory.

    Escape : Abort function and return.


(6) Support Format:

  Read: GIF(.gif), Japan MAG(.mag), Japan PIC(.pic), Sun Raster(.ras),
        Jpeg(.jpg), XBM(.xbm), Utah RLE(.rle), PBM(.pbm), PGM(.pgm),
        PPM(.ppm), PM(.pm), PCX(.pcx), Japan MKI(.mki), Tiff(.tif),
        Targa(.tga), XPM(.xpm), Mac Paint(.mac), GEM/IMG(.img),
        IFF/ILBM(.lbm), Window BMP(.bmp), QRT ray tracing(.qrt),
        Mac PICT(.pct), VIS(.vis), PDS(.pds), VIKING(.vik), VICAR(.vic),
        FITS(.fit), Usenix FACE(.fac).

        the extensions in () are standard extensions.

  Write: GIF, Sun Raster, Jpeg, XBM, PBM, PGM, PPM, PM, Tiff, Targa,
         XPM, Mac Paint, Ascii, Laser Jet, IFF/ILBM, Window BMP,
+        Mac PICT, VIS, FITS, FACE, PCX, GEM/IMG.

  All Read/Write support full color(8 bits), grey scale, b/w dither,
      and 24 bits image, if allowed for that format.


(7) Detail:

   Initialization:
      Set default display type to highest display type.
      Find allowable screen resolution(for .grn video driver only).

   1. When you run this program, you will enter 'read' menu. Whthin this
      menu you can press any function key except F5. If you move or copy
      files, you will enter 'write' menu. the 'write' menu is much like
      'read' menu, but only allow you to change directory.
+       The header line in 'read' menu includes "(d:xx,f:xx,t:xx)".
+         d : display type. f: number of files. t: number of tagged files.
      pressing SPACE in 'read' menu will let you select which format to use
        for reading current file.
      pressing RETURN in 'read' menu will let you reading current file. This
        program will automatically determine which format this file is.
        The procedure is: First, check magic number. If fail, check
        standard extension. Still fail, report error.
      pressing s or S in 'read' menu will do 'Slide Show'.
        If delay time is 0, program will wait until you hit a key
          (except ESCAPE).
        If any error occurs, program will make a beep.
        ESCAPE to terminate.
      pressing Ins in 'read' menu will change display type.
      pressing ALT-X in 'read' menu will quit program without prompting.

   2. Once image file is successfully read, you will enter 'screen' menu.
      Within this menu F5 is turn on. You can do special effect on image.
      pressing RETURN: show image.
        in graphic mode, press RETURN, SPACE or ESCAPE to return to text
        mode.
      pressing TAB: change processing target. This program allows you to do
        special effects on 8-bit or 24-bit image.
      pressing Left,Right arrow: change display type. 8, 15, 16, 24 bits.
      pressing SPACE: save current image to file.
        B/W Dither: save as black/white image(1 bit).
        Grey Scale: save as grey image(8 bits).
        Full Color: save as color image(8 bits).
        True Color: save as 24-bit image.

        This program will ask you some questions if you want to write image
        to file. Some questions are format-dependent. Finally This program
        will prompt you a filename. If you want to save file under another
        directory other than current directory, please press SPACE. after
        pressing SPACE, you will enter 'write2' menu. You can change
        directory to what you want. Then,

        pressing SPACE: this program will prompt you 'original' filename.
        pressing RETURN: this program will prompt you 'selected' filename
                      (filename under bar).


  3. This program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.

  4. This Program is MEMORY GREEDY. If you don't have enough memory,
     the performance is poor.

  5. If you want to save 8 bits image :
       try GIF then TIFF(LZW) then TARGA then Sun Raster then BMP then ...

     If you want to save 24 bits image (lossless):
       try TIFF(LZW) or TARGA or ILBM or Sun Raster
       (No one is better for true 24bits image)

  6. I recommend Jpeg for storing 24 bits images, even 8 bits images.

  7. Not all subroutines are fully tested

  8. This document is not well written. If you have any PROBLEM, SUGGESTION,
     COMMENT about this program,
     Please send to u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (140.113.11.13).
     I need your suggestion to improve this program.
     (There is NO anonymous ftp on this site)


(8) Tech. information:
  Program (user interface and some subroutines) written by Jih-Shin Ho.
  Some subroutines are borrowed from XV(2.21) and PBMPLUS(dec 91).
  Tiff(V3.2) and Jpeg(V4) reading/writing are through public domain
    libraries.
  Compiled with DJGPP.
  You can get whole DJGPP package from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
    For example, wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/djgpp


(9) For Thoese who want to modify video driver:
   1. get GRX source code from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
   2. For HiColor and TrueColor:
        15 bits : # of colors is set to 32768.
        16 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc010.
        24 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc018.


Acknowledgment:
  I would like to thank the authors of XV and PBMPLUS for their permission
    to let me use their subroutines.
  Also I will thank the authors who write Tiff and Jpeg libraries.
  Thank DJ. Without DJGPP I can't do any thing on PC.


                                            Jih-Shin Ho
                                   u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38683
From: schmidt@PrakInf.TH-Ilmenau.DE (Schmidt)
Subject: Re: POV file constructor for Unix/X11

In article <1r7hl1$csc@st-james.comp.vuw.ac.nz>, Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (chumphre) writes:
|> 
|> Hi, I'm just getting into PoVRay and I was wondering if there is a graphic
|> package that outputs .POV files.  Any help would be appreciated.
|> Thanks.
|> 

A very good modeling package I found is `irit' (look for irit.tar.Z).
However there is no converter from it's format to POV format. I postet 
a request for such a converter in this group but got no response,
so I'm considering to write such a program myself.


-- 
Sebastian Schmidt			
TU Ilmenau Institut f. praktische Informatik 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38684
From: tp892275@vine.canberra.edu.au (C. Mierzanowski)
Subject: Which Video Card? (Please HELP)


I've got a 386 20Hz computer which is under warranty and my Trident
8900C video card is starting to play-up (surprise, surprise). Therefore
I'm going to try to exchange it for a better card.

The BIG Question is:

Which video card is high quality and with an
acceptable price tag (on student budget) ???

	Thank you in advance.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38685
From: bernard@cs.su.oz.au (Bernard Gardner)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

For some reason I never saw the original post on this thread, but if you are
looking for fast polygon routines on vga on a PC, you really can't go past
the mode X stuff from Dr Dobbs. This code is all p.domain (as far as I know),
and in the original articles, the routines were all presented as dumb vga
routines, and then optimised to modeX with some interesting discussion along
the way.
If you are interested, I could find out more details of the issues in question,
(I have them at home).

Bernard.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38686
From: ger@cv.ruu.nl (Ger Timmens)
Subject: Re: Postscript drawing prog

In <0010580B.vma7o9@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:


>In article <1993Apr19.171704.2147@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE> (comp.graphics.gnuplot,comp.graphics), rdd@uts.ipp-garching.mpg.de (Reinhard Drube) writes:
>>In article <C5ECnn.7qo@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>, nish@cv4.chem.purdue.edu (Nishantha I.) writes:
>>|> 	Could somebody let me know of a drawing utility that can be
>>|> used to manipulate postscript files.I am specifically interested in
>>|> drawing lines, boxes and the sort on Postscript contour plots.
>>|> 	I have tried xfig and I am impressed by it's features. However
>>|> it is of no use since I cannot use postscript files as input for the
>>|> programme.Is there a utility that converts postscript to xfig format?
>>|> 	Any help would be greatly appreciated.
>>|> 				Nishantha
>Have you checked out Adobe Illustrator? There are a few Unix versions
>for it available, depending on your platform. I know of two Unix versions:
>One for Mach (NeXT) and for Irix (SGI). There may be others, such
>as for Sun SparcStation, but I don't know for sure.

You can include postscript epsi files in xfig (encapsulated postscript
info files). You can't actually edit the postscript file, but you're able
to draw over the postscript file.

There a eps to epsi converter: eps2epsi (perl program),

Succes,
-- 
Ger Timmens (ger@cv.ruu.nl) 3DCV Research Group, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Tel.: +31 -30 50 67 11;      Room: F.01.7.03;      Fax.: +31 -30 51 33 99
  Unquestionably, there is progress.  The average American now pays out
  twice as much in taxes as he formerly got in wages. --- H. L. Mencken

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38687
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: Any good Morphing Anims...

==============================================================================
Has anyone created any interesting animations using Dmorph
I seem to be unable to create anything that looks remotely
realistic although this is probably due to the crappy GIF's
at I am using (One of Captain Kirk and One of Spock), i'm a
bit of a 'Trekker'.  What are the best type of pictures to use.
thanks........
            A.Situnayake

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38688
From: MCAVALCANTI%VORTEX.UFRGS.BR@UICVM.UIC.EDU
Subject: DTP

Please Ineed information about desk top publishe- post graduate courses
and if possible email address or normal mail.
thanks in advance

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38689
From: hintmatt@cwis.isu.edu (HINTZE_MATTHEW)
Subject: Re: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?

    I bought the diamond stealth 24 a few months ago.  it seems to be a
great card especially with my multimedia presentations.  It runs graphics
and animation as well as some near full motion video very well.  The only
thing I can tell that it lacks is speed above 256 colors.  Its qualit in
between 256 and 16.7 million collors un unreal but you definitly
compromise speed.  It seems to be a great card for graphics and it comes
with some great software, but Im not so sure about the excelerator
part.  I used to own a paridise and it doesnt seem to be much faster
than that.  One thing I do like is that it loads its own vesa driver
from ROM at startup, (I think) because I have never had to load it for
links386 or any other programs that require special VESA drivers at
startup. 



gromi a16pd


                                       HINTMATT@BA.BA.ISU.EDU



-- 




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38690
From: ldawes@uahcs2.cs.uah.edu (Lisa Dawes)
Subject: gif aerial maps?

Is there an ftp site for maps of the US.  Preferably aerial
photographs?

Thanks


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38691
From: jbalgley@bbn.com (Jon Balgley)
Subject: Hidden-line removal program

I'm posting this for a friend:

  I have an immediate need for a polygon-based hidden-line removal  
  program.  I can deal with any input/output format, but I need to be able  
  to do perspective views in any orientation and range.

  Is there a public-domain hidden-line program around?  It seems like  
  there should be, but I have not been able to locate one.

Email replies and I will summarize.
Thanks

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38692
From: louis@loa.citilille.fr (Louis Gonzalez 20-43-41-19)
Subject: SPHINX: Satellite Image Processing under X11


****************************   SPHINX   ***************************

	Sphinx is a user-friendly, state-of-the-art image processing
and analysis package that runs across a spectrum of high performance 
computer platforms operating UNIX and the X-Window System.

	It was created to meet to the daily research needs of scientists 
conducting climate investigations using satellite data and remote
sensing techniques. 

		   Intuitive Graphic Interface

	Sphinx features an interactive interface with pop-up menus and 
point-and-click dialog boxes which makes image processing and
analysis simple and fast.
	This accessible menuing enables you to build attractive image 
layouts quickly while also providing you the flexibility of returning
to the main menu to conduct other image analysis and processing operations.

		    Image Format Compatibility

	Using smart read/write functions, Sphinx allows you to easily open
and save image files in a variety of formats using bit, integer or real
data values.  Sphinx also reads and writes the common TIFF and GIF formats
as well as compresses and decompresses image formats to save disk space.

		    Image Analysis & Processing

	For image and pixel analysis, the Sphinx package includes an
assortment of processing tools that perform useful statistical and 
mathematical filtering operations, such as Fourier transforms, convolution 
product or principal component analyses.
An interactive interpreter for both algebraic equations and images allows
the user to manipulate and combine individual data channels interactively.
Standard FORTRAN notation is used for formula entry and for trig
onometric and transcendental functions.

		    Satellite Spectra & Orbit Analysis

	Sphinx possesses functions to simulate satellite signal sensitivity
for various meteorological satellites (e.g., GOES, METEOSAT, NOAA, Spot etc.).
The simulations are conducted for a selection of standard atmospheric and
surface conditions and instrument spectral bands.
A geometry model computes the solar zenith angles, warping, orbit simulation,
and 3-D image projection.

		    Easy External Program Interfacing

	Sphinx allows users the flexibility to integrate externally
developed software algorithms for processing and converting satellite
observations.  Sphinx exports and imports image files and image parameters
to external programs using special interface functions.

		    Quick Quality Presentation

	Sphinx rapidly displays, manipulates, and enhances high-resolution
multispectral images and color tables.  Using six 8-bit 1024x1024 image
planes and one graphics plane, the package conveniently combines color images,
graphics and text to generate sharp digital images for articles and reports.
Sphinx's 2-D and 3-D graphics editor provides complete flexibility for modifying
and integrating vector graphics and analysis plots with images, such as 
histograms and radial graphs.  The package supplies color and gray scale
output for standard inkjet and laser printers.
	Other Capabilities Sphinx also performs image animation, external 
graphics importing, mosaic fitting... what else?

		    Software Support & Development

	 Sphinx was developed at the Laboratoire d'Optique Atmospherique (LOA)
 of the Universite de Lille, France.
The package has received critical feedback and support from scientists at
the French national laboratory, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS),
and the French space agency, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES).
At LOA, Sphinx undergoes continued refinement and development to meet changing
research needs and advances in computer technology.  The package, which features
on-line help, is supported by an Internet address

 sphinx@loasil.citilille.fr through which questions can be answered and
 version updates provided without delay.

		    Performance Tested

 	CNES has selected Sphinx to analyze and process the satellite data 
collected during the upcoming ADEOS/POLDER satellite mission.  Today,
the Sphinx package is in use at the NASA - Goddard Space Flight Center
and is widely used in many French laboratories, including
the Centre de Recherche en Physique de l'Environnement, Ecole Normale Superieure ,
Laboratoire d' Etudes et de Recherches en Teledetection Spatiale,  Laboratoire 
de Meteorologie Dynamique.


   A TEST VERSION OF SPHINX IS AVAILABLE AT loasil.citilille.fr
   (134.206.50.4) anonymous (bin : cd SPHINX : get ALL_SPHINX.tar.Z)

   IN THE TEST VERSION THE OUTPUT FILES ARE DISABLE. HOWEVER THE
   VISUALISATION AND GRAPHIC FUNCTIONS ARE AVAILABLE. THIS IS
   SUFFICIENT TO WORK WITH.

   IF YOU ARE INTERESTED IN KEEPING "SPHINX", SEND US YOUR EMAIL
   AND YOU WILL RECEIVE NEWS ABOUT THE PACKAGE EVOLUTION.

   THE SOFTWARE IS CHANGING WITH USER SUGGESTIONS WE WILL
   APPRECIATE YOUR COMMENTS.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38693
From: patrick@Erc.MsState.Edu (Patrick Bridges)
Subject: Re: Diamond Stelth 24- any good?

The real problem w/ the Stealth from what I've heard is that Diamond won't
tell anyone how to program their proprietary clock stuff, so X under Linux
and 386BSD won't run....


					Patrick Bridges
					patrick@erc.msstate.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38694
From: dgf1@ellis.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <1r85m2$k66@agate.berkeley.edu> aron@tikal.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar) writes:
>In article <1993Apr22.011720.28958@midway.uchicago.edu>, dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley) writes:
>|> In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
>|> >
>|> >
>|> >I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
>|> >for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
>|> >a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
>|> >
>|> >Any comments would be greatly appreciated..
>|> >
>|> >Thank you.
>|> >
>|> >Andre Boisvert
>|> >beaver@rot.qc.ca
>|> >
>|> An review of both the Mac and Windows versions in either PC Week or Info
>|> World this week, said that the Windows version was considerably slower
>|> than the Mac.  A more useful comparison would have been between PhotoStyler
>|> and PhotoShop for Windows.  David
>|> 
>
>I don't know about that...I've used Photoshop 2.5 on both a 486dx-50 and a Quadra
>950...I'd say they are roughly equal.  If anything the 486 was faster.
>
>Both systems were running in 24 bit color and had the same amount of RAM (16 megs)
>I also believe the quadra had one of those photoshop accelerators.

I went back and looked at the review again.  They claim there were
significant differences in manipulating a 27 meg test file, but with
smaller files, the two platforms were the about the same.  David

-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38695
From: dgf1@ellis.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:
>I've been trying to figure out a way to get Adobe Illustrator
>to auto-trace >exactly< what I see on my screen. But it misses
>the edges of templates by as many as 6 pixels or more - resulting in images
>that are useless  - I need exact tracing, not approximate.
>
>I've tried adjusting the freehand tolerances as well as autotrace
>tolerances but it doesn't help. Any suggestions?
>
>--
>charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
>cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
>+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

I've had exactly the same problems in Aldus Freehand.  I think autotracing
is one of those "features" that barely works, but everybody feels compelled
to throw it in because the other guys are doing it.  :)



-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38696
From: 8910782@sunvax.sun.ac.za
Subject: Rayshade query

Hi there

I am very interested in Rayshade 4.00. I have managed to make a chessboard
for Rayshade. Unfortunately I still have to do the knight (horse). Any ideas?
I am also looking for a surface for the chesspieces. The board is marble.
Unfortunately black won't work very well for the one side. Anybody with ideas
for nice surfaces?

I would also like to use the image command of rayshade and the heightfield
command. Unfortunately the manual is very vague about this, and I don't have
Craig Kolb's email address. Anybody with ideas, because this is essential
for my next venture into raytracing.

Where should I post the finished chessboard?

Is there anybody else using rayshade on non-Unix systems?

How fast does Unix render?

Thanks

Rayshade is the best program for people who loves graphics, but have no
artistic talent.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38697
From: renes@ecpdsharmony.cern.ch (Rene S. Dutch student)
Subject: InterViews graphics package


Hello,

I'm trying out the C++ graphics package InterViews. Besides the man pages
on the classes, I haven't got any documentation. Is there anything else
around? Furthermore, can anyone send me a (small!) example program
which shows how to use these classes together ? I would be very gratefull...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38698
From: leyfre@McRCIM.McGill.EDU (Frederic Leymarie)
Subject: Re: Developable Surface


In article <C5x9xs.KHE@hkuxb.hku.hk>, h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk (Abel) writes:
|> Hi netters,

|> 	I am currently doing some investigations on "Developable Surface".
|> Can anyone familiar with this topic give me some information or sources
|> which can allow me to find some infomation of developable surface?
|> 	Thanks for your help!

|> Abel
|> h8902939@hkuxa.hku.hk

A developable surface is s.t. you can lay it (or roll it) flat on the
plane (it may require you to give it a "cut" though...)

E.g., a cylinder, a cone, a plane (of course!) or any surface or patch
having vanishing Gaussian (intrinsic) curvature (i.e., with singular
Hessian, the matrix of 2nd derivatives for an adequate coordinate patch)
are "developable". In more technical words, a developable surface is
"locally isometric to a plane" at all points.


Think also of the sphere (or the earth) which in a non-developable:
whatever way(s) you cut it, you will not be able to lay flat any pieces
of it... (its intrinsic curvature is nowhere vanishing).

For more details on this look at any book on differential geometry
which treats surfaces (2D manifolds); e.g., M. do Carmo's book:

@Book{Carmo76Differential,
  author =      {do Carmo, Manfredo P.},
  title =       {Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces},
  year =        1976,
  publisher =   {Prentice-Hall},
  note =        {503 pages.}}

Enjoy!
-- 
Frederic Leymarie -- leyfre@mcrcim.mcgill.edu
McGill University, Electrical Eng. Dept., McRCIM,    |	Tel.: (514) 398-8236
3480 University St., Montreal, QC, CANADA, H3A 2A7.  |	FAX:  (514) 398-7348

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38699
From: pinky@tamu.edu (The Man behind The Curtain)
Subject: Views on isomorphic perspectives?

                             
I'm working upon a game using an isometric perspective, similar to
that used in Populous.  Basically, you look into a room that looks
similar to the following:

                             xxxx
                         xxxxx   xxxx
                     xxxx    x       xxxx
                 xxxx        x           xxxx
             xxxx     2      xxxx     1      xxxx
             x           xxxx    xxxx           x
             x       xxxx            xxxx       x
             x   xxxx             o      xxxx   x
             xxxx              3 /|\         xxxx
                 xxxx            /~\     xxxx
                     xxxx            xxxx
                         xxxx    xxxx
                             xxxx

The good thing about this perspective is that you can look and move
around in three dimensions and still maintain your peripheral vision. [*]

Since your viewpoint is always the same, the routines can be hard-coded
for a particular vantage.  In my case, wall two's rising edge has a slope
of 1/4. (I'm also using Mode X, 320x240).

I've run into two problems; I'm sure that other readers have tried this
before, and have perhaps formulated their own opinions:

1) The routines for drawing walls 1 & 2 were trivial, but when I ran a
packed->planar image through them, I was dismayed by the "jaggies."  I'm
now considered some anti-aliasing routines (speed is not really necessary).
Is it worth the effort to have the artist draw the wall already skewed,
thus being assured of nice image, or is this too much of a burden?

2) Wall 3 presents a problem; the algorithm I used tends to overly distort
the original.  I tried to decide on paper what pixels go where, and failed.
Has anyone come up with method for mapping a planar to crosswise sheared
shape?

Currently I take:

  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64

and produce:
            
             1  2  3  4
33 34 35 36 17 18 19 20  5  6  7  8
49 50 51 52 37 38 39 40 21 22 23 24  9 10 11 12
            53 54 55 56 41 42 43 44 25 26 27 28 13 14 15 16
                        57 58 59 60 45 46 47 48 29 30 31 32
                                    61 62 63 64

Line 1 follows the slope.  Line 2 is directly under line 1.
Line 3 moves up a line and left 4 pixels.  Line 4 is under line 3.
This fills the shape exactly without any unfilled pixels.  But
it causes distortions.  Has anyone come up with a better way?
Perhaps it is necessary to simply draw the original bitmap
already skewed?

Are there any other particularly sticky problems with this perspective?
I was planning on having hidden plane removal by using z-buffering.
Locations are stored in (x,y,z) form.

[*] For those of you who noticed, the top lines of wall 2 (and wall 1)
*are* parallel with its bottom lines.  This is why there appears to
be an optical illusion (ie. it appears to be either the inside or outside
of a cube, depending on your mood).  There are no vanishing points.
This simplifies the drawing code for objects (which don't have to
change size as they move about in the room).  I've decided that this
approximation is alright, since small displacements at a large enough
distance cause very little change in the apparent size of an object in
a real perspective drawing.

Hopefully the "context" of the picture (ie. chairs on the floor, torches
hanging on the walls) will dispell any visual ambiguity.

Thanks in advance for any help.

-- 
Till next time,                \o/   \o/
                                V \o/ V     email:pinky@tamu.edu
<>  Sam  Inala  <>                 V


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38700
From: besmith@uncc.edu (Brian E Smith)
Subject: Re: Rayshade query

In article 5742@sunvax.sun.ac.za, 8910782@sunvax.sun.ac.za () writes:
>I am also looking for a surface for the chesspieces. The board is marble.
>Unfortunately black won't work very well for the one side. Anybody with ideas
>for nice surfaces?

How about brass or silver?  I've seen real chessboards that use that material.

>
>Where should I post the finished chessboard?
>

Right here is as good a place as any.  Can't wait to see it.  I use the POV
raytracer - is it compatible enough for your chessboard?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     "I don't know if you've got the whole picture or not, but it doesn't 
      seem like he's running on all thrusters!" -- Leonard McCoy

     "A guess?  You, Spock?  That's extraordinary!" -- James T. Kirk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Brian Smith  (besmith@mosaic.uncc.edu)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38701
From: spl@dim.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: Finding equally spaced points on a sphere.

In article <4615trd@rpi.edu> deweeset@ptolemy2.rdrc.rpi.edu (Thomas E. DeWeese) writes:
>  Hello, I know that this has been discussed before.  But at the time
>I didn't need to teselate a sphere.  So if any kind soul has the code
>or the alg, that was finally decided upon as the best (as I recall it
>was a nice, iterative subdivision meathod), I would be very 
>appreciative.

Here is one by Andrew "Graphics Gems" Glassner that I got from a
collegue of mine.  I think I fiddled with it a little bit to make it
deal with whatever bizarre problem I was working on at the time but it
is known to work.

							spl
			       - - - -
/* spheres
    ASG     9 Feb 85
    spl Thu Mar  8 17:17:40 EST 1990
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

#define PI 3.141592654

struct Point_struct {
        double x, y, z;
};

static double radius;
static double xorg;
static double yorg;
static double zorg;

do_sphere( r, freq, x, y, z )

  double r;
  int freq;
  double x;
  double y;
  double z;

  {

    int pole;
    double northy, southy, poley;
    double rtheta, rtheta2, ntheta, ntheta2, magicangle;
    double theta, thetastart, thisy, den, t;
    struct Point_node *pnp;
    struct Point_struct p1, p2, p3, p4, n1, n2, n3, n4, pt;

    radius = r;
    xorg = x;
    yorg = y;
    zorg = z;

/* north pole */

    magicangle = 30.0*PI/180.0;
    northy = radius*sin(magicangle);
    southy = -radius*sin(magicangle);
    for (pole=0; pole<2; pole++) {

      if (pole==0) {

        poley=radius;   
        thisy=northy; 
        thetastart=0.0; 

      }
      else { 

        poley= -radius; 
        thisy=southy; 
        thetastart=36.0; 

      }
      for ( theta = thetastart; theta < 360.0; theta += 60.0 ) {

        rtheta = theta*PI/180.0;
        rtheta2 = (theta+60.0)*PI/180.0;
        p1.x = 0.0;  
        p1.y = poley;  
        p1.z = 0.0;  
        p2.x = radius*cos(rtheta);
        p2.y = thisy;
        p2.z = radius*sin(rtheta);
        p3.x = radius*cos(rtheta2);
        p3.y = thisy;
        p3.z = radius*sin(rtheta2);

        if (pole==0) {

/* make ring go the other way so normals are right */

          pt.x = p3.x;  
          pt.y = p3.y;  
          pt.z = p3.z;  
          p3.x = p2.x;  
          p3.y = p2.y;  
          p3.z = p2.z;  
          p2.x = pt.x;  
          p2.y = pt.y;  
          p2.z = pt.z;  

        }

        den = (p1.x*p1.x)+(p1.y*p1.y)+(p1.z*p1.z);  
        den = sqrt(den);

        if (den != 0.0) {

          t = radius / den; 
          p1.x *= t;  
          p1.y *= t;  
          p1.z *= t;

        }

        den = (p2.x*p2.x)+(p2.y*p2.y)+(p2.z*p2.z);  
        den = sqrt(den);

        if (den != 0.0) {

          t = radius / den; 
          p2.x *= t;  
          p2.y *= t;  
          p2.z *= t;

        }

        den = (p3.x*p3.x)+(p3.y*p3.y)+(p3.z*p3.z);  
        den = sqrt(den);

        if (den != 0.0) {

          t = radius / den; 
          p3.x *= t;  
          p3.y *= t;  
          p3.z *= t;

        }

        subdivide_tri(&p1,&p2,&p3,freq);

      }

    }

/* now the body */

    for (theta=0.0; theta<360.0; theta += 60.0) {

      rtheta = theta*PI/180.0;  
      rtheta2 = (theta+60.0)*PI/180.0;
      ntheta = (theta+36.0)*PI/180.0; 
      ntheta2 = (theta+96.0)*PI/180.0;
      p1.x = radius*cos(rtheta);   
      p1.y = northy;  
      p1.z = radius*sin(rtheta);
      p2.x = radius*cos(rtheta2);  
      p2.y = northy;  
      p2.z = radius*sin(rtheta2);
      p3.x = radius*cos(ntheta);   
      p3.y = southy;  
      p3.z = radius*sin(ntheta);
      p4.x = radius*cos(ntheta2);  
      p4.y = southy;  
      p4.z = radius*sin(ntheta2);

      den = (p1.x*p1.x)+(p1.y*p1.y)+(p1.z*p1.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);

      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den; 
        p1.x *= t;  
        p1.y *= t;  
        p1.z *= t;

      }

      den = (p2.x*p2.x)+(p2.y*p2.y)+(p2.z*p2.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);

      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den; 
        p2.x *= t;  
        p2.y *= t;  
        p2.z *= t;

      }
      den = (p3.x*p3.x)+(p3.y*p3.y)+(p3.z*p3.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den; 
        p3.x *= t;  
        p3.y *= t;  
        p3.z *= t;

      }
      den = (p4.x*p4.x)+(p4.y*p4.y)+(p4.z*p4.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den; 
        p4.x *= t;  
        p4.y *= t;  
        p4.z *= t;

      }

      subdivide_tri(&p1,&p2,&p3,freq);
      subdivide_tri(&p3,&p2,&p4,freq);

    }

    return;

  }

#define norm_pt(v) { register double r = sqrt( ( ( v )->x * ( v )->x ) + \
                                               ( ( v )->y * ( v )->y ) + \
                                               ( ( v )->z * ( v )->z ) ); \
                     ( v )->x /= r; \
                     ( v )->y /= r; \
                     ( v )->z /= r; \
                    }

subdivide_tri(p1,p2,p3,a)

  struct Point_struct *p1, *p2, *p3;
  int a;

  {

    struct Point_struct n1, n2, n3;
    struct Point_struct p12, p13, p23;
    double den, t;

    if (a>0) {

      p12.x = (p1->x+p2->x)/2.0;
      p12.y = (p1->y+p2->y)/2.0;
      p12.z = (p1->z+p2->z)/2.0;
      den = (p12.x*p12.x)+(p12.y*p12.y)+(p12.z*p12.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den;
        p12.x *= t;  
        p12.y *= t;  
        p12.z *= t;

      }
      p13.x = (p1->x+p3->x)/2.0;
      p13.y = (p1->y+p3->y)/2.0;
      p13.z = (p1->z+p3->z)/2.0;
      den = (p13.x*p13.x)+(p13.y*p13.y)+(p13.z*p13.z); 
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den;
        p13.x *= t;  
        p13.y *= t;  
        p13.z *= t;

      }
      p23.x = (p2->x+p3->x)/2.0;
      p23.y = (p2->y+p3->y)/2.0;
      p23.z = (p2->z+p3->z)/2.0;
      den = (p23.x*p23.x)+(p23.y*p23.y)+(p23.z*p23.z);  
      den = sqrt(den);
      if (den != 0.0) {

        t = radius / den;
        p23.x *= t;  
        p23.y *= t;  
        p23.z *= t;

      }
      subdivide_tri(p1,  &p12,&p13,a-1);
      subdivide_tri(&p12, p2, &p23,a-1);
      subdivide_tri(&p13,&p23, p3, a-1);
      subdivide_tri(&p12,&p23,&p13,a-1);

    } else {

      n1.x = p1->x;  
      n1.y = p1->y;  
      n1.z = p1->z;  
      norm_pt(&n1);
      n2.x = p2->x;  
      n2.y = p2->y;  
      n2.z = p2->z;  
      norm_pt(&n2);
      n3.x = p3->x;  
      n3.y = p3->y;  
      n3.z = p3->z;  
      norm_pt(&n3);

/* nothing special about this poly */

      printf( "%f %f %f  %f %f %f\n", p1->x + xorg,
                                      p1->y + yorg,
                                      p1->z + zorg,
                                      n1.x, n1.y, n1.z );
      printf( "%f %f %f  %f %f %f\n", p2->x + xorg,
                                      p2->y + yorg,
                                      p2->z + zorg,
                                      n2.x, n2.y, n2.z );
      printf( "%f %f %f  %f %f %f\n", p3->x + xorg,
                                      p3->y + yorg,
                                      p3->z + zorg,
                                      n3.x, n3.y, n3.z );

    }

    return;

  }
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"My other car is a car, too."
                 - Bumper strip seen on I-805

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38702
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: Fonts in POV??


In article <1qg9fc$et9@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au>, g9134255@wampyr.cc.uow.edu.au (Coronado Emmanuel Abad) writes:
|> 
|> 
|> 	I have seen several ray-traced scenes (from MTV or was it 
|> RayShade??) with stroked fonts appearing as objects in the image.
|> The fonts/chars had color, depth and even textures associated with
|> them.  Now I was wondering, is it possible to do the same in POV??
|> 

Hi Noel,

I've made some attempts to write a converter that reads Adobe Type 1 fonts,
triangulates them, bevelizes them and extrudes them to result in a generic
3d object which could be used with PoV f.i.

The problem I'm currently stuck on is that theres no algorithm which
triangulates any arbitrary polygonal shape. Delaunay seems to be limited
to convex hulls. Constrained delaunay may be okay, but I have no code
example of how to do it.

Another way to do the bartman may be

- TGA2POV
- A selfmade variation of this, using heightfields.

  Create a b/w picture (BIG) of the text you need, f.i. using a PostScript
  previewer. Then, use this as a heightfield. If it is white on black,
  the heightfield is exactly the images white parts (it's still open
  on the backside). To close it, mirror it and compound it with the original.

Example:

object {
   union {
      height_field { gif "abp2.gif" }
      height_field { gif "abp2.gif" scale <1 -1 1>}
   }
   texture {
      Glass
   }
   translate <-0.5 0 -0.5>      //center
   rotate <-90 0 0>             // rotate upwards
   scale  <10 5 100>            // scale bigger and thicker
   translate <0 2 0>            // final placement
}


abp2.gif is a GIF of arbitrary size containing "ABP" black on white in
Times-Roman 256 points.

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38703
From: samson@prlhp1.prl.philips.co.uk (Mark Samson)
Subject: Psygnosis CD-I titles (was Re: Rumours about 3DO ???)

In article <1993Apr20.130854.27039@rchland.ibm.com> ricardo@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Ricardo Hernandez Muchado) writes:
>
>   Anyway, still with 15Mhz, you need sprites for a lot of tricks for
>making cool awesome games (read psygnosis).

Speaking of Psygnosis, they have licensed games to Philips Interative
Media International for CD-I.

The following was recently posted in a message in the CD-I section of
the Multimedia Forum.

"Seventh Guest has been licensed by Virgin Games to Philips Interactive
Media International for worldwide CD-I rights. Were also licensed to
P.I.M.I. Litil Divil from Gremlin Graphics (UK) and Microcosm from
Psygnosis (UK). Those three titles will be adapted on CD-I using the full
potential of the FMV cartridge, meaning, using the additional memory as
well as the motion video capabilities. Those titles have been negociated
in Europe but will be available worldwide.

Also, Lemmings 1 & 2 have been licensed from Psygnosis, as well as Striker
Soccer from Rage (UK)."

I don't know when these titles will be available or when work on them even
started (so don't expect your CD-I retailer to have them yet).

There was also some mention of future Nintendo CD-I games in an issue of the
UK magazine ERT - Mario Hotel was mentioned as having 75 levels.

Mark

[Although I work for Philips, I don't work on CD-I or multimedia. The above
info is just provided in good faith from what I've read and does not
represent any statement from Philips]

******************************************************************************
Mark Samson: Information Technology Group, Philips Research Laboratories,       
Cross Oak Lane, Redhill, Surrey RH1 5HA                                         
Tel(my Ext): 0293 815387 Tel(labs): 0293 785544 Telex: 877261 Fax: 0293 776495
Email:- SERI: samson@prlhp0  UNIX: samson@prl.philips.co.uk                  
Binary files: packages@prlhp0
******************************************************************************


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38704
From: sherry@a.cs.okstate.edu (SHERRY ROBERT MICH)
Subject: Re: .SCF files, help needed

From article <1993Apr21.013846.1374@cx5.com>, by tlc@cx5.com:
> 
> 
> I've got an old demo disk that I need to view. It was made using RIX Softworks.  
> The files on the two diskette set end with: .scf
> 
> The demo was VGA resolution (256 colors), but I don't know the spatial  
> resolution.
> 

According to my ColoRIX manual .SCF files are 640x480x256

> First problem: When I try to run the demo, the screen has two black bars that  
> cut across (horizontally) the screen, in the top third and bottom third of the  
> screen. The bars are about 1-inch wide. Other than this, the demo (the  
> animation part) seems to be running fine.
> 
> Second problem: I can't find any graphics program that will open and display  
> these files. I have a couple of image conversion programs, none mention .scf  
> files.
> 

You may try VPIC, I think it handles the 256 color RIX files OK..


Rob Sherry
sherry@a.cs.okstate.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38705
From: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov (Chris Johnston)
Subject: Re: 3d-Studio V2.01 : Any differences with previous version

As I understand it, THe difference between 3D Studio 2.00 and 2.01 is mainly
in the IPAS interface, along with a few small bug fixes. The IPAS code runs
a lot faster in the newest version.

-- 
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chris Johnston                  (216) 433-5029                            |
| Materials Engineer		  (216) 433-5033                            |
| NASA Lewis Research Center   Internet: chris@sarah.lerc.nasa.gov          |
| 21000 Brookpark Rd MS 105-1		 				    |
| Cleveland, OH 4413 USA	Resistance is futile!			    |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38706
From: aleahy@cch.coventry.ac.uk (ODD FROG)
Subject: Re: Photoshop for Windows

In article <C5uHIM.JFq@rot.qc.ca> beaver@rot.qc.ca (Andre Boivert) writes:
>
>
>I am looking for comments from people who have used/heard about PhotoShop
>for Windows. Is it good? How does it compare to the Mac version? Is there
>a lot of bugs (I heard the Windows version needs "fine-tuning)?
>

Also photoshopII is out soon, has anyone got a date and any cofmments?
Andy

        _______________________________________________________
        | Andrew Leahy | aleahy@cch.coventry.ac.uk | Odd FROG |
        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
"What a piece of work is man! how noble in reason! how infinite in faculties! 
 in form and moving, how express and admirable! in action how like an angel!
   in apprehension how like a god! the beauty of the world, the paragon of
        animals! And yet to me what is the quintessence if dust? 
                      Man delights not me....... "
                                                  Shakespeare, Hamlet

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38707
From: brian@porky.contex.com (Brian Love)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

In article <25335@alice.att.com> td@alice.att.com (Tom Duff) writes:
>ulrich@galki.toppoint.de wrote:
>> Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?
>Forty-two is six times nine.

...for very small values of six and nine.

(Sorry, Tom, I couldn't resist...)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38708
From: erikb@idt.unit.no (Erik Brenn)
Subject: graphics formats

I'm currently looking for information about different graphics
formats, especially PPM, PCX BMP and perhaps GIF.
Does anyone know if there exist any files at some site
that describes these formats ???

Thanks !


-- 
          ~~~                       
         (o o)           | Erik Brenn ,email: erikb@idt.unit.no
        (  O  )   oOOO   | Faculty of Computer Science & Telematics
         \\_//    / /    | The Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim
-oOOO--------------------| Not to make sense, just cents ! 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38709
From: IMAGING.CLUB@OFFICE.WANG.COM ("Imaging Club")
Subject: Re: WANTED: Info on Image Databases

Padmini Srivathsa in Wisconsin writes:

>I would like references to any introductory material on image
>databases.

I'd be happy to US (international) Snail mail technical information on
imaging databases to anyone who needs it, if you can provide me with your
address for hard copy (not Email).  We're focusing mostly on Open PACE,
Oracle, Ingres, Adabas, Sybase, and Gupta, regarding our imaging
databases installed.  (We have over 1,000 installed and in production now;
most of the new ones going in are on Novell LANs, the RS/6000, and now HP
Unix workstations.)  We work with Visual Basic too.

Michael.Willett@OFFICE.Wang.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38710
From: prestonm@cs.man.ac.uk (Martin Preston)
Subject: Problems grabbing a block of a Starbase screen.

At the moment i'm trying to grab a portion of a Starbase screen, and store it
in an area of memory. The data needs to be in a 24-bit format (which
shouldn't be a problem as the app is running on a 24 bit screen), though
i'm not too fussy about the exact format.

(I actually intend to write the data out as a TIFF but that bits not the
problem)

Does anyone out there know how to grab a portion of the screen? The
block_read call seems to grab the screen, but not in 24 bit colour,
whatever the screen/window type i get 1 byte per pixel. 

thanks in advance,

Martin




--
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Martin Preston,      (m.preston@manchester.ac.uk)    | Computer Graphics |
|Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, |    is just        |
|University of Manchester,                            |  a load of balls. |
|Manchester, U.K., M13 9PL     Phone : 061 275 6095   |                   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38711
From: tom@inferno.UUCP (Tom Sherwin)
Subject: Re: XV under MS-DOS ?!?

|> Hi ... Recently I found XV for MS-DOS in a subdirectory of GNU-CC (GNUISH). I 
|> use frequently XV on a Sun Spark Station 1 and I never had problems, but when I
|> start it on my computer with -h option, it display the help menu and when I
|> start it with a GIF-File my Hard disk turns 2 or 3 seconds and the prompt come
|> back.
|> 
|> My computer is a little 386/25 with copro, 4 Mega rams, Tseng 4000 (1M) running
|> MS-DOS 5.0 with HIMEM.SYS and no EMM386.SYS. I had the GO32.EXE too... but no
|> driver who run with it.
|> 
|> Do somenone know the solution to run XV ??? any help would be apprecied..
|> 		

You probably need an X server running on top of MS DOS.  I use Desqview/X
but any MS-DOS X server should do.

-- 

       XX           X  Technical documentation is writing 90% of the words
        XX         X  for 10% of the features that only 1% of the customers
         XX       X  actually use.
          XX     X  -------------------------------------------------------
  A PC to  XX   X  I don't have opinions, I have factual interpretations...
 the power  XX X                                 -Me
    of      X XX  ---------------------------------------------------------
           X   XX  ...uunet!rutgers!mcdhup!inferno!tom can be found at
          X     XX               Periphonics Corporation
         X       XX  4000 Veterans Memorial Highway  Bohemia, NY 11716
        X         XX  ----------------------------------------------------
       X           XX  They pay me to write, not express their opinions...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38712
From: zeno@phylo.genetics.washington.edu (Sean Lamont)
Subject: Closed-curve intersection

I would like a reference to an algorithm that can detect whether 
one closed curve bounded by some number of bezier curves lies completely
within another closed curve bounded by bezier curves.

Thanks.
-- 
Sean T. Lamont                           |   Ask me about the WSI-Fonts
zeno@genetics.washington.edu             |   Professional collection for NeXT 
lamont@abstractsoft.com                  |____________________________________
Abstract Software                                                         

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38713
From: thomas@ramsey.cs.laurentian.ca (F. Thomas)
Subject: print graph on printer

This seems to be a simple problem but I just cannot solve it.
I wrote a C program to draw some polygons on the screen, and I want to 
print it on my printer. So, I press "print-screen" on the keyboard.
The problem is the printer just print out some ASCII characters.
Is there any other way to print the screen without using "print-screen"????
Please help!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38714
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain data

Is there an FTP archive for United States Geological Services (USGS)
terrain data? If so, where?

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.980.1958(pager)           |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38715
From: squeegee@world.std.com (Stephen C. Gilardi)
Subject: Need PostScript strokeadjust info

I need information on the Display PostScript strokeadjust feature.
This feature adjusts the endpoints of lines so that the displayed line
looks better on low resolution devices.

The PostScript literature explains the process to some extent.  They
also give an example of how to "emulate" strokeadjust in PostScript
environments where it is absent.

The suggested emulation is to modify the coordinates of the endpoints
of a line using the following formula for each coordinate:

	new_coord = (round (old_coord - 0.25)) + 0.25
	
Doing this we end up with all coordinates ending in ".25".  From
reading I thought that what they might actually do is:

	new_coord = ((trunc (old_coord * 2)) / 2) + 0.25
	
This results in all the coordinates ending in either "0.25" or "0.75" 
whichever is closer.

By doing some actual comparisons with Display PostScript, I find that
neither of these is what DPS really uses.  Since I like how the DPS
result looks better than how my stuff looks, I'd like to know if
anyone who knows how DPS does it is willing/able to tell me.

Thanks,

--Steve
squeegee@world.std.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38716
From: news@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu
Subject: Package for Fashion Designer?

This article was probably generated by a buggy news reader.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38717
From: gwang@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Ge Wang)
Subject: Packages for Fashion Designers?

Hello, I am looking for commercial software packages for professional
fashion designers.  Any recommendation and pointers are greatly appreciated.
Please e-mail me, if you may.  Thanks a million.  -- Ge

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38718
From: ajackson@cch.coventry.ac.uk (Alan Jackson)
Subject: MPEG Location


Can anyone tell me where to find a MPEG viewer (either DOS or
Windows).

Thanks in advance.

-- 
Alan M. Jackson      Mail : ajackson@cch.cov.ac.uk

     Liverpool Football Club - Simply The Best
              "You'll Never Walk Alone"

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38719
From: eeerik@cc.newcastle.edu.au
Subject: Color palette for 256 color VGA rainbow

Does anybody out there have or know how to calculate the RGB values 
required to set the 256 color VGA palette so that the colors from 
0..255 will give 256 colors  of the rainbow ie red, orange, 
yellow, etc.

Any help would be appreciated. Please email to eeerik@cc.newcastle.edu.au

Erik de Castro Lopo,
Dept. Electrical & Computer Eng.,
Uni. of Newcastle,
Australia.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38720
From:  Valentin E. Vulihman <vulih@ipmce.su>
Subject: Attractive drawing on the sphere


	   S P H E R I C A L   D E S I G N I N G

 I have made an attractive program on AT-computer  for  drawing
 on the sphere and pasting it of paper.  For children,  artists
 and education.  I can send an example to alt.source.wanted, on
 which  you  can  see  the  rotation of the sphere,  if you are
 interested.  Children can  design  tesselations  of  the  many
 famous  regular  polyhedra  without  serious difficaltis,  and
 print patterns to paste their spherical models.  Moscow,  tel.
 280-53-53, after 21 o'clock, or E-mail, Valentin Vulihman.













Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38721
From:  Valentin E. Vulihman <vulih@ipmce.su>
Subject: Attractive drawing on the sphere

subscribe comp.graphics
quit

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38722
From: holler@holli.augs1.adsp.sub.org (Jan Holler)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <NERONE.93Apr20085951@sylvester.cc.utexas.edu> nerone@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Michael Nerone) writes:
> In article <1quvdoINN3e7@srvr1.engin.umich.edu>, tdawson@engin.umich.edu (Chris Herringshaw) writes:
> 
>   CH> Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in

> Also, it is readily observable that the current spectrum of amiga
> groups is already plagued with mega-crossposting; thus the group-split
> would not, in all likelihood, bring about a more structured
> environment.

Am I glad you write that. I got flamed all along because I begged NOT to
crosspost some nonsense articles.

The problem with crossposting is on the first poster. I am aware that this
posting is a crossposting too, but what else should one do. You never know
where the interested people stay in.

To split up newsgroups brings even more crossposting.

-- 

Jan Holler, Bern, Switzerland         Good is not good enough, make it better!
holli!holler@augs1.adsp.sub.org      ((Second chance: holler@iamexwi.unibe.ch))
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (( fast mail: cbmehq!cbmswi!augs1!holli!holler@cbmvax.commodore.com ))     

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38723
From: merlin@neuro.usc.edu (merlin)
Subject: Tom Gaskins Pexlib vs Phigs Programming Manuals (O'Reilly)

Could someone explain the difference between Tom Gaskins' two books:

  o  PEXLIB Programming Manual
  o  PHIGS Programming Manual

Why would I want to buy one book vs the other book?  I have an 80386
running SCO UNIX (X11R4) on my desktop, a SUN IV/360 in my lab, and 
access to a variety of other systems (Alliant FX/2800, Cray Y/MP) on
the network.  Mostly, we would like to do 3D modeling/visualization
of rat, rabbit, monkey, and human brain structure.

Thanks, AJ

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alexander-James Annala
Principal Investigator
Neuroscience Image Analysis Network
HEDCO Neuroscience Building, Fifth Floor
University of Southern California
University Park
Los Angeles, CA 90089-2520
------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38724
From: alex@falcon.demon.co.uk (Alex Kiernan)
Subject: Re: .SCF files, help needed 

In article <1993Apr22.123832.23894@daimi.aau.dk> rued@daimi.aau.dk writes:

>RIX's files with the extension  .sci and .scf are just a RAW file with
>a 256 color palette.
>...stuff deleted...
>regards
>Thomas 
>

Do you happen to know what a .SCO RIX file is?

-- 
Alex Kiernan
akiernan@falcon.demon.co.uk

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38725
From: kohut1@urz.unibas.ch
Subject: Help ! Miro Crystal or ATI GUP ?



I'm planning to buy a new VLB/EISA system with a good graphic performance.
So far I looked at the ATI GUP VLB as my favorite graphics-card. But 
recently I heard something about a new card from  Miro. It was the Miro
Crystal 24s with 3 MB and True Color support up to 1024x768. It costs just a
little more than the ATI. So, can't decide which one matches better my needs.
Any technical references and performance comparisons (especially from the
Miro card) would be greatly appreciated.

-Peter-

E-Mail : kohut1@urz.unibas.ch

                     ******************************
                    **** Universitas Basiliensis *****
                    ****      Switzerland        *****
                     ********************************




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38726
From:  Club@spektr.msk.su (Koltovoy Nikolay Alexeevich)
Subject: [NEWS]Re:List or image processing systems?


       Moscow Scientific Inductrial Association "Spectrum" offer
       VIDEOSCAN vision system for PC/AT,wich include software and set of
       controllers.

                     SOFTWARE

            For support VIDEOSCAN family program kit was developed. Kit
       includes more then 200 different functions for image processing.
            Kit works in the interactive regime, and has include Help for
       non professional users.
            There are next possibility:
       - input frame by any board of VIDEOSCAN family;
       - read - white image to - from disk;
       - print image on the printer;
       - makes arithmetic with 2 frames;
       - filter image;
       - work with gistogramme;
       - edit image.
       - include users exe modules.

                     CONTROLLER VS9

       The function of VS-9 controller is to load TV-images into  PC/AT.
       VS-9 controller allows one to load a fragment of the TV-frame from
       a field of 724x600 pixels.
       The clock rate is 14,7 MHz when loading an image with 512 pixel in
       the line and 7,4 MHz when loading a 256 pixels image. This
       provides the equal pixel size of input image in both horizontal
       and vertical directions.
       The number of gray levels in any input modes is 256.
       Video signal capture time - 2.5s.

                     CONTROLLER VS52

       The purpose of the controller is to enter the TV images into a IBM
       PC AT or any other machine of that type. The controller was
       created on the base of modern elements, including user
       programmable gate arrays.
       The controller allows to digitize a input signal with different
       resolutions. Its flexible architecture makes possible to change
       technical parameters. Instead of TV signal one can process any
       other analog signal (including signals from slow-speed scanning
       devices).
       The controller has the following technical characteristics:
       - memory volume - from 256 K to 2 Mb ;
       - resolution when working with standard video signal - from 64x64
       to 1024x512 pixels ;
       - resolution when working in slow input regime - up to 2048x1024
       pixels;
       - video signal capture time - 40 ms.
       - maximum size of a screen when memory volume is 2Mb - 2048x1024
       pixels ;
       - number of gray level - 256 ;
       - clock rate for input - up to 30 MHz ;
       - 4 input video multiplexer ;
       - input/output lookup table (LUT);
       - possibility to realize "scroll" and "zoom";













       - 8 lines for external synchronization (an input using external
       controlling signal) ;
       - electronic adjustment of black and white reference for analog -
       digital converter;
       - possibility output image to the color RGB monitor.
       One can change all listed above functions and parameters of the
       controller by reprogramming it.


              IMAGE PROCESSOR VS100


            Image processor VS100 allows to digitize and process TV
       signal in real time. It is possible digitize TV signal with
       512*512*8 resolution and realize arithmetic and logic operation
       with two images.
            Processor was created on the base of modern elements
       including user programmable gate arrays and designed as a board
       for PC.
            Memory volume allows write to the 256 frames with 512*512*8
       format. It is possible to accumulate until 16 images.
            The processor has the following technical characteristics:
       - memory volume to 64 Mb;
       - number of the gray level - 256;
       - 4 input video multiplexer;
       - input/output lookup table;
       - electronic adjustment for black and white ADC reference;
       - image size from 256*256 to 8192*8192;
       - possibility color and black / white output;
       - possibility input from slow-scan video sources.





































Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38727
From: bates@spica.ucsb.edu (Andrew M. Bates)
Subject: Renderman Shaders/Discussion?


    Does anyone know of a site where I could ftp some RenderMan shaders?
Or of a newsgroup which has discussion or information about RenderMan?  I'm
new to the RenderMan (Mac) family, and I'd like to get as much info I can
lay my hands on.  Thanks!

        Andy Bates.


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Andy Bates.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38729
From: freemant@dcs.glasgow.ac.uk (Toby Freeman,TJF,G151,3344813,OCT95, )
Subject: Re: CorelDraw BITMAP to SCODAL (2)

In article 1r4gmgINN8fm@zephyr.grace.cri.nz, srlnjal@grace.cri.nz () writes:
>
>Yes I am aware CorelDraw exports in SCODAL...
>... but if you try to export in SCODAL with a bitmap
>it will say something like "cannot export...
>...If anyone out there knows a way around this
>I am all ears.

I think one (not ideal) solution is to use the
tracing utility (can't remember the name, sorry!)
included in the Corel Draw s/w pack.  It can convert
bitmaps to Corel art format.  These can then be
imported into a drawing rather than the bitmap.
Result - the file is completely in Corel format and
can be SCODAL'ed no problem!

BUT the slight problem with this, which makes the
solution less than idea, is that the trace utility
spits out many more points than are necessary to
define the shapes being traced.  Straight lines and
curves are both traced as many short segments.

So... the SCODAL taking *much* longer to
image.

The obvious solution is time-consuming - stripping
out the extra points by hand using Corel.

OUCH!
I've done it a few times :-]

>...I was just wondering if there was anything out there
>that just did the bitmap to SCODAL part a tad cheaper.
                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>Jeff Lyall

As I say, if you don't mind the problems, go via the route...
BITMAP -> COREL (VIA TRACE) ->
HAND TRIMMING (USING COREL)!!! ->
COMBINE WITH MAIN COREL PIC (VIA IMPORT) -> SCODAL

Cheers,
   Toby
____________________________________._.____._.__________._.__________._.______
____________________________________!  \__/  !__________!_!__________! !______
___!                            !___! . \/ . !___.__.___._.___.___._.! !__.___
___! Toby Freeman               !___! !\  /! !__/ __ \__! !__/ .__!_!. .__!___
___! Glasgow University         !___! !_\/_! !_! !__! !_! !_! <__.___! !______
___! freemant@uk.ac.glasgow.dcs !___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !__\___ \__! !______
___!____________________________!___! !____! !_! !__! !_! !_.____> !_! !__.___
____________________________________!_!____!_!__\____/__!_!_!_____/___\___!___


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38730
From: edb9140@tamsun.tamu.edu (E.B.)
Subject: POV problems with tga outputs

I can't fiqure this out.  I have properly compiled pov on a unix machine
running SunOS 4.1.3  The problem is that when I run the sample .pov files and
use the EXACT same parameters when compiling different .tga outputs.  Some
of the .tga's are okay, and other's are unrecognizable by any software.

Help!
ed
edb9140@tamsun.tamu.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38731
From: oehler@yar.cs.wisc.edu (Wonko the Sane)
Subject: 48-bit graphics...


	I was recently talking to a possible employer ( mine! :-) ) and he made a reference to a
48-bit graphics computer/image processing system.  I seem to remember it being called IMAGE or
something akin to that.  Anyway, he claimed it had 48-bit color + a 12-bit alpha channel.  That's
60 bits of info--what could that possibly be for?  Specifically the 48-bit color?  That's 280
trillion colors, many more than the human eye can resolve.  Is this an anti-aliasing thing?  Or
is this just some magic number to make it work better with a certain processor.

	Also, to settle a bet with my roommate, what are SGI's flagship products?  I know of
Iris, Indigo, and Crimson, but what are the other ones, and which is their top-of-the-line?
(sadly, I have access to none of them.  Just a DEC 5000/25.  Sigh.)

Eric Oehler
oehler@picard.cs.wisc.edu
 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38732
From: ib@ivan.asd.sgi.com (Ivan Bach)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

We have been shipping for over one year the Adobe Display PostScript (DPS)
on Silicon Graphics workstations, file servers, and supercomputers.
The Adobe Illustrator 3.5 for Silicon Graphics machines was released
last February.  Adobe and SGI announced last October that Photoshop
will be available on SGI systems in 1993.  Initial release will support 
24-bit color graphics.

Ivan Bach, ib@sgi.com
Disclaimer: I do not speak for my employer.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38733
From: danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson)
Subject: Re: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain data


diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:

>Is there an FTP archive for United States Geological Services (USGS)
>terrain data? If so, where?

Point your gopher client at merlot.welch.jhu.edu

and select the following directories:

 -->  13. Search and Retrieve Software/

   -->  8.  Search and Retrieve Graphics Software and Data/


And you'll see -




 -->  1.  Graphics Online Bibliography (ACM SIGGRAPH)/
      2.  Graphics Software and Data Archives (ftp sites)/
      3.  Search All Graphics Information <?>
      4.  Search Comp.graphics FAQ <?>
      5.  Search Graphics Resources (Software and Data) <?>
      6.  Search Pictures Utilities FAQ <?>


          1.  Graphics Online Bibliography (ACM SIGGRAPH)/

              Searches and archives of bibliographic database that covers
              graphics literature for over a hundred years (served
              by a gopher hole in Austria).


          2.  Graphics Software and Data Archives (ftp sites)/ 

              Has links to over 70 sites around the world which
              have software and/or data for computer graphics.
              This can be used on its own or as a companion to the
              searches found in this directory which will point you
              toward software and data at various places.  
              

          3.  Search All Graphics Information <?>
          4.  Search Comp.graphics FAQ <?>
          5.  Search Graphics Resources (Software and Data) <?>
          6.  Search Pictures Utilities FAQ <?>
           

              These searches contain a wealth of information about
              computer graphics, data, software, techniques etc...

              3.  Search All Graphics Information <?> 

                  Will simply search all of the information contained
                  in searches 4, 5, and 6.

              4.  Search Comp.graphics FAQ <?>

                  Lets you search the FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
                  from the Comp.graphics newsgroup compiled by John
                  Grieggs at the JPL.

              5.  Search Graphics Resources (Software and Data) <?>

                  Lets you search the Grpahics Resource Listing of
                  software and data provided by Nick Fotis at the
                  National Technical Univ. of Athens.

              6.  Search Pictures Utilities FAQ <?>

                  Lets you search the FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
                  from the Alt.binaries.pixutils newsgroup compiled by
                  Jim Howard at Cadence.


Select:

 -->  3.  Search All Graphics Information <?>

And search for:

usgs


And you'll find out some information about USGS data availability.

Now select:

   -->  2.  Graphics Software and Data Archives (ftp sites)/

and you might find the following interesting:

   -->  12. Cartographic data - USGS data (Xerox)/

   -->  42. Mapgen/Plotgen and more (USGS)/

   -->  68. USGS Weekly Seismicity Reports (including maps - GIF)/

   -->  68. USGS Earth Science Data Directory/
             (This actually is a database of available data - search
              it for terrain - could prove quite useful.)

One other place to look is only available by anonymous ftp at
the moment - 

US Geological Survey Maps  -  isdres.er.usgs.gov (130.11.48.2).


If you've never heard of gopher don't worry it's free and on the net,
write me a note if you'd like information on how to get started.


Best of luck,

Dan Jacobson

danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu

Johns Hopkins University



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38734
From: lansd@dgp.toronto.edu (Robert Lansdale)
Subject: Advice sought: Turning font outlines into renderable polygons


I am seeking some alternate solutions on how to turn a Postscript Type 1 or
TrueType font outline into polygons that can be subsequently scan converted
by a 3D scanline renderer. 

I have been studying the problem of font conversion for a few years but
have never had the need to implement such a system. Well, I now have the
opportunity to write some font rendering software so I would like to have
some of my questions answered before I jump into the deep end.

The main problem I face is how to use the even/odd or non-winding rules to
turn the outlines into a single outline polygon (my renderer can handle
complex polygons so there is no need to reduce the polygons to simple
polygons). For example, in the letter "O" there are two outlines:

	1) The outside outline which is clockwise (TrueType font)
	2) The inside outline which is counterclockwise.

One common solution used by a number of rendering packages is to simply 
connect the inner outline to the outer outline at the point where the
two outlines are closest. This is equivalent to descibing a "polygon with
holes". The renderer will then make the appropriate hole since the interior
polygon edges are in the opposite direction to the outside edges.

I do not want to use this simplistic system since:

	1) It will not handle all outline fonts properly (it is not a simple
		matter to connect the outer outline to the inner outline for
		some fancy fonts).
	2) It does not properly handle the even/odd or non-winding rules.

From my research over the years the proper solution is to use a trapezoid
decomposition algorithm to scan convert the outlines into trapezoids (as
is done by the Postscript and TrueType font rasterizers). These trapezoidal
polygons can then be easily and properly rendered by the 3D scanline renderer.

My question is: are there any better solutions to turning the outlines into
polgyons other than the trapezoid decomposer? I am not fond of this solution
since it creates excess number of polygons.

Another question, for those in the know: what is the best algorithm to create
bevelled and/or offset curves for font outlines? I have a dozen papers on these
subjects but I can't tell which method is the best to implement.

Thanks for any pointers.

--> Rob Lansdale

-- 
Robert Lansdale - (416) 978-6619       Dynamic Graphics Project	
Internet: lansd@dgp.toronto.edu        Computer Systems Research Institute
UUCP:   ..!uunet!dgp.toronto.edu!lansd University of Toronto
Bitnet:	  lansd@dgp.utoronto           Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, CANADA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38735
From: yoo@engr.ucf.edu (Hoi Yoo)
Subject: looking for USA map



Does anyone out there have or know of,  line drawing USA map?


Thanks very much in advance,
Hoi


yoo@engr.ucf.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38736
From: doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons)
Subject: 3D2 files - what are they?

I was chaining around in the anonymous ftp world looking for 3D Studio
meshes and other interesting graphical stuff for the program, and found
a few files with the extension 3D2.  My 3DS v2.01 doesn't know this type
of file, so what are they?

And of course, the perennial... Where are some meshes, fli files, etc.
out there?   I would have thought that someone would have collected a few
and put them somewhere, but alas I am without this knowledge.

mucho appreciato

douginoz.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38737
From: jamie@genesis.MCS.COM (James R Groves)
Subject: FTP for Targa+

I am looking for software to run on my brand new Targa+ 16/32. If anyone knows
of any sites which have useful stuff, or if you have any yourself you want to
give, let me know via mail. Thanks a LOT! Yayayay!
                                     jamie@ddsw1.mcs.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38738
From: ernie@woody.apana.org.au (Ernie Elu)
Subject: MGR NAPLPS & GUI BBS Frontends



Hi all,
I am looking into methods I can use to turn my Linux based BBS into a full color
Graphical BBS that supports PC, Mac, Linux, and Amiga callers. 
Originally I was inspired by the NAPLPS graphics standard (a summary of 
which hit this group about 2 weeks ago). 
Following up on software availability of NAPLPS supporting software I find
that most terminal programs are commercial the only resonable shareware one being
PP3 which runs soley on MSDOS machines leaving Mac and Amiga users to buy full
commercial software if they want to try out the BBS (I know I wouldn't)

Next most interesting possibility is to port MGR to PC, Mac, Amiga. I know there
is an old version of a Mac port on bellcore.com that doesn't work under System 7
But I can't seem to find the source anywhere to see if I can patch it.

Is there a color version of MGR for Linux? 
I know there was an alpha version of the libs out last year but I misplaced it.

Does anyone on this group know if MGR as been ported to PC or Amiga ?
I can't seem to send a message to the MGR channel without it bouncing.

Does anyone have any other suggestions for a Linux based GUI BBS ?

Thanks in advan

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38739
From: baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov (Ron Baalke)
Subject: Gaspra Animation (QuickTime)


                       ==============================
                              GASPRA ANIMATION
                                March 12, 1993
                       ==============================

     The Gaspra animation is now available at the Ames Space Archives in 
QuickTime format.  The animation was formed from 11 images taken by the 
Galileo spaecraft shortly before its closest approach to the asteroid in 
October 1991.  The animation is available using anonymous ftp to:

        ftp:      ames.arc.nasa.gov (128.102.18.3)
        user:     anonymous
        cd:       pub/SPACE/ANIMATION
        files:
                  gaspra.qt 
     ___    _____     ___
    /_ /|  /____/ \  /_ /|     Ron Baalke         | baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov
    | | | |  __ \ /| | | |     Jet Propulsion Lab |
 ___| | | | |__) |/  | | |__   M/S 525-3684 Telos | It's kind of fun to do
/___| | | |  ___/    | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | the impossible. 
|_____|/  |_|/       |_____|/                     | Walt Disney

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38740
From: dr_bobo@ponton.hanse.de (Boris Pruessmann)
Subject: RE: VGA-Scrolling ?

Hi !

If you want to have Soft-Scrolling on your VGA, you have to change some 
intern registers of the CRTC. But it is a little bit difficult to explain, 
so I would suggest, you take a look at "The Programming of the 
EGA/VGA-Adapter" by Addison-Wesley. You will find all useful descriptions 
for every available VGA-Register.

-Boris

---
dr_bobo@ponton.hanse.de                 ---> Boris Pruessmann

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38741
From: tw2@irz.inf.tu-dresden.de (Thomas Wolf)
Subject: Q: TIFF description

Sorry for wasting your time with a probably simple question, but I'm not
an computer graphic expert. I want to read TIFF-Files with a PASCAL-program.
The problem is, that the files I want to read are in compressed form 
( code 1, e.g. Huffman ). All books & articles I found describe only the
plain (uncompressed) format. I don't know where to get the original
TIFF specification, furthermore I haven't any access to a realy complete
library. Can anybody direct me to a good book or (even better) to an 
specification available via ftp ?

Thanks in advance - Thomas Wolf

ps: direct mail would be prefered


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38742
From: mac@utkvx.bitnet (Richard J. McDougald)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:

Yeah, Corel Draw and WordPerfect Presentations pretty limited here, too.
	Since there's no (not really) such thing as a decent raster to
vector conversion program, this "tracing" technique is about it.  Simple
stuff, like b&w logos, etc. do pretty well, while more complicated stuff
goes haywire.  I suspect (even though I don't write code) that a good
bitmapped to vector conversion program would probably be as big as most
of these application softwares we're using -- but even so, how come one
hasn't been written? (to my knowledge).  I mean, even Hijaak, one of the
commercial industry standards of file conversion, hasn't attempted it yet.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 Mac McDougald                   *   Any opinions expressed herein 
 The Photography Center          *   are not necessarily (actually,
 Univ. of Tenn. Knoxville 37996  *   are almost CERTAINLY NOT) those
 mac@utkvx.utk.edu               *   of The University of Tennessee. 
 mac@utkvx.bitnet                *      
 (615-974-3449)                  *   "Things are more like they are now     
 (615-974-6435) FAX              *    than they've ever been before."
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
            

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38743
From: mor@expo.lcs.mit.edu (Ralph Mor)
Subject: Re: Tom Gaskins Pexlib vs Phigs Programming Manuals (O'Reilly)

merlin@neuro.usc.edu (merlin) writes:

>Could someone explain the difference between Tom Gaskins' two books:

>  o  PEXLIB Programming Manual
>  o  PHIGS Programming Manual

>Why would I want to buy one book vs the other book?  I have an 80386
>running SCO UNIX (X11R4) on my desktop, a SUN IV/360 in my lab, and 
>access to a variety of other systems (Alliant FX/2800, Cray Y/MP) on
>the network.  Mostly, we would like to do 3D modeling/visualization
>of rat, rabbit, monkey, and human brain structure.

Rather than decide which book you want to buy, you need to decide which
programming interface you want to use, then buy the appropriate book.

I wrote an article for the X Resource which discusses the differences
between PHIGS and PEXlib (it will appear in Issue 6 which should be out
pretty soon).  But here's a brief summary...

PHIGS is a graphics API which was designed to be portable to many
devices.  Most implementations support the X Window System and take
advantage of a 3D extension to X called "PEX".  PEXlib is a slightly
"lower" level API which was designed to efficiently support the PEX
extension to X.

Some advantages of using PEXlib...
- Integrates with Xlib,Xt,Motif,etc. better than PHIGS
- Provides immediate mode capabilities
- Is free of "policy"
- PEX supports PHIGS, but is currently being extended to support
  features not found in PHIGS (like texture mapping, anti-aliasing).
  PEXlib will give you access to all of these features.

Some advantages of using PHIGS...
- Support for multiple devices, not just X based ones
- Support for archiving, metafiles, hardcopy output
- PHIGS has predefined input devices to make input easier
- PHIGS can handle exposure events and resizing for you
- PHIGS can help you with colormap selection/creation.

If you're working strictly in X and don't care about things like
archiving, I would go with PEXlib.  Either way, you will find that
both API's have a lot in common.

Ralph Mor
MIT X Consortium



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38744
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: MPEG Location

Alan Jackson (ajackson@cch.coventry.ac.uk) wrote:

: Can anyone tell me where to find a MPEG viewer (either DOS or
: Windows).

: Thanks in advance.

: -- 
: Alan M. Jackson      Mail : ajackson@cch.cov.ac.uk

:      Liverpool Football Club - Simply The Best
:               "You'll Never Walk Alone"

You can find a Windows MPEG viewer at wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
mirrors/msdos/windows3 directory.

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38745
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
: Just curious.


: Daemon

What he said...

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38746
From: johnm@spudge.lonestar.org (John Munsch)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <loT1rAPNBh107h@viamar.UUCP> rutgers!viamar!kmembry writes:
>Read Issue #2 of Wired Magazine.  It has a long article on the "hype" of
>3DO.  I've noticed that every article talks with the designers and how
>"great" it is, but never show any pictures of the output (or at least
>pictures that one can understand)

Gamepro magazine published pictures a few months ago and Computer Chronicles
(a program that is syndicated to public tv stations around the nation) spent
several minutes on it when it was shown at CES.  It was very impressive what
it can do in real time.

John Munsch

P.S.  Don't take that to mean that I believe that the system is going to take
over the world or something.  Just that it clearly has a lot more horsepower
than any of the VIS, CD-I, Sega CD, or Turbo Duo crowd.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38747
From: joshuaf@yang.earlham.edu
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

In article <1993Apr23.033843.26854@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA>, tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran) writes:
> There is a program called Graphic Workshop you can FTP from
> wuarchive.  The file is in the msdos/graphics directory and
> is called "grfwk61t.zip."  This program should od everthing
> you need.
> 
> -- 
> 
> TMC
> (tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


THANKS!  It did work, and it is just what I needed thanks...

Joshuaf

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38748
From: noble@possum.den.mmc.com (Joe A Noble)
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran) writes:

>Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
>: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
>: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
>: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
>: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
>: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
>: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
>: Just curious.


>: Daemon

>What he said...

>-- 
Ditto here too...

>TMC
>(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)

-- 
    __/    /       _     __   Joe noble@pogo.den.mmc.com
  /_     /      /__ /  /__    /__ /  ... all the beauty of a dying vulture...
_/    ____/  _/   _/  ___/  _/  _/     ...the smile of the truly stupid...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38749
From: csc3phx@vaxa.hofstra.edu
Subject: Loosing color.

Hi guys.

I am scanning in a color image and it looks fine on the screen.  When I 
converted it into PCX,BMP,GIF files so as to get it into MS Windows the colors
got much lighter.  For example the yellows became white.  Any ideas?

thanks
Dan
csc3phx@vaxc.hofstra.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38750
From: csc3phx@vaxa.hofstra.edu
Subject: Color problem.


I am scanning in a color image and it looks fine on the screen.  When I 
converted it into PCX,BMP,GIF files so as to get it into MS Windows the colors
got much lighter.  For example the yellows became white.  Any ideas?

thanks
Dan
csc3phx@vaxc.hofstra.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38751
From: rah13@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Robert A Holak)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

A shareware graphics program called Pman has a filter that makes a picture
look like a hand drawing.  This picture could probably be converted into
vector format much easier because it is all lines. (With Corel Trace, etc..)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38752
From: lineber@lonestar.utsa.edu (Jerry M. Lineberry)
Subject: Pov-ray problem / Please Help...

Hello,
    I've recently had Povray draw about 10 sample files. The problem is that
I accidently erased the command in my povray.def that made the image a targas
file. So now the files are the dump format. How do I fix these files with out
having to re-trace them? By fix I mean, turn them into targas. Thanks in
advance.
                                                -Jerry
-- 
#################################################################
Jerry M. Lineberry
InterNet : lineber@lonestar.utsa.edu  or  CompuServe : 71221,3015
#################################################################

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38753
From: ianf@random.se (Ian Feldman, The Other Internet Worm[tm])
Subject: SciP+Fi: fiction set in Comp-Science\ programming environs


 ================ ------------------------------------------------------------
 |||||||| SciP+Fi  ction set in C-Sci\programming environs list by Ian Feldman
 ..........:::::: ---------------------------------------- ---- --------------
 Written by:_____ _Book Title_; publisher'year, pp         v2.7           ISBN
 -----------       =============================== ------- ==== ##############
     John Brunner _Shockwave Rider_; Ray/Ballantine'84 $5_______ 0-345-32431-5
                   "cracking the net to free information for the common good"
      Pat Cadigan _Mindplayers_; ("an absolute must-have" --Bruce Sterling)
      Pat Cadigan _Synners_; Bantam $5; (virtual reality)_______ 0-553-28254-9
 Orson Scott Card _Lost Boys_; Harper Collins'92; (programmer and family     \
                   encounters strange events in North Carolina)
     Denise Danks _Frame Grabber_; St.Martin's, hrdb [GBP]17____ 0-312-08786-1
                   computer-illiterate journalix tracks down murderer via BBS
    Toni Dwiggins _Interrupt_; ("a techno-mystery set in Silicon Valley")
    Michael Frayn _The Tin Men_; Fontana, ("inspired lunacy" but out of print)
    David Gerrold _When HARLIE was One Release 2.0_; Bantam'88__ 0-553-26465-6
   William Gibson _Count Zero_; (computers as gods, part of a trilogy)
   William Gibson _Mona Lisa Overdrive_; (virtual reality)______ 0-553-28174-7
   William Gibson _Burning Chrome_; (cyberpunk short stories)___ 0-441-08934-8
   William Gibson _Neuromancer_; (industrial espionage)_________ 0-441-56959-5
                   (author guilty of inventing the cyberpunk genre)
      James Hogan _The Genesis Machine_; Del Ray'87 $3__________ 0-345-34756-0
      James Hogan _Thrice Upon A Time_; ("time travel for information")
      James Hogan _The Two Faces of Tomorrow_; Del Ray'79_______ 0-345-27517-9
                   ultimate test of AI-OS by letting it run a spacelab -> amok
    Stanislaw Lem _His Master's Voice_; (failed attempt to decode ET-message)
       Tom Maddox _HALO_ ("remarkable SF of robots & artificial intelligence")
 George RR Martin _Nightflyers_; Tor Books'87___________________ 0-8125-4564-8
      R A MacAvoy _Tea with the Black Dragon_; ("mystery around a computer   \
                   fraud situation; computing bits ring true.")
 Vonda N McIntyre _Steelcollar Worker_; in Analog Nov'92; (blue-collar VR)
     Marge Piercy _Body of Glass_; Penguin'92, 584pp; (data piracy++) review \
                   finger "books=Body_of_Glass%danny"@orthanc.cs.su.oz.au
 ---> David Pogue _Hard-Drive_; Diamond'93 $5, 304pp____________ 1-55773-884-X
                   (*programmer dies in accident, leaves no documentation    \
                   behind; software firms fight for market share with virii; \
                   "right out of the pages of MacWorld" --Steve Brock)
   Richard Powers _The Gold Bug Variations_; Morrow '91, (famous molecular   \
                   scientist ponders on the ?why? of love, life in EDP dept.)
      Paul Preuss _Human Error_; (nanotech computer infects brain-damaged kid)
    Thomas J Ryan _The Adolescence of P1_; ACE'79_______________ 0-671-55970-2
                   (runaway AI experiment takes over mainframes, wrecks havoc)
   Bruce Sterling _The Difference Engine_; (with W Gibson) Bantam'91; finger \
                   "books=The_Difference_Engine%danny"@orthanc.cs.su.oz.au
      Cliff Stoll _The Cuckoo's Egg_; (non-fiction but reads like one); review
                   FTP <garbo.uwasa.fi>; /mac/tidbits/1991/tb048_18-Mar-91.etx
     Tom T Thomas _ME_; ("smart computers")
     Vernor Vinge _Across Realtime_; Baen Books_____________ [several titles \
     Vernor Vinge _Tatja Grimm's World_; Baen Books__________ soon available \
     Vernor Vinge _The Witling_; Baen Books___________________ as Millennium \
     Vernor Vinge _Threats and Other Promises_; Baen Books_____ Books in UK]
     Vernor Vinge _True Names & Other Dangers_; Baen Books'87___ 0-671-65363-6
     Vernor Vinge _A Fire Upon The Deep_; Tor Books, 640p, $6___ 0-8125-1528-5
                   ("essentially about the future of the Internet")
      John Varley _Press Enter_; ("Short story, gruesome, but good")
       Ed Yourdon _Silent Witness_; ("Computer crime caper story; gumshoe    \
                   has to explain intricacies of computer OS to girlfriend")
 Herbert W Franke _Das Zentrum der Milchstrasse_; ("the center of the galaxy")
 Herbert W Franke _Letzte Programmierer_; ("'the last programmer';           \
                   I do NOT mean Frank Herbert!")
       Emil Zopfi _Computer Fuer 1001 Nacht_; Limmat Verlag, Switzerland
       Emil Zopfi _Jede Minute Kostet 33 Franken_; (last 4 in German; last 2 \
                   "set in the commercial computing world of the early 70's")
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 current version of this list via `finger "scip+fi%danny"@orthanc.cs.su.oz.au'
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 compiled 930424; % mail -s "additions/ comments/ updates --->" ianf@random.se
 ================ ============================================= ==============



     Statistical breakdown
--------------------------
 +-- --------------------- SciP+Fiction -----+------------+------------------+
 | # nominations /title    ~~~~~~~~~~~~         /author    # books nominated |
 +-- =========== ----------------------------+ =========== ================= +
 | 5 _The Adolescence of P-1_; Ryan          |    Vinge 10          6 titles |
 | 5 _Neuromancer_; Gibson                   |   Gibson 10          5 titles |
 | 4 _True Names and Other Dangers_; Vinge   |     Ryan  5 _The Adolescence..|
 | 4 _Shockwave Rider_; Brunner              |  Brunner  4 _Shockwave Rider_ |
 | 4 _When H.A.R.L.I.E was One_; Gerrold     |  Gerrold  4 _When H.A.R.L.I.E.|
 | 4 _A Fire Upon The Deep_; Vinge           |    Hogan  3          3 titles |
 | 2 _Threats and Other Promises_; Vinge     |      Lem  3 _Fiasco_HMV_Solar.|
 +-- ----------------------------------------+ ----------- ----------------- +
 | # total nominations: 85; authors: 27; female: 5?6; sent in by: 42 readers |
 +======== ================ ============ ============ =======================+


       Contributions by [unsorted FIFO]:
----------------------------------------
 From: sbrock@teal.csn.org (Steve Brock)
 From: "John Lacey" <johnl@cs.indiana.edu>
 From: malloy@nprdc.navy.mil (Sean Malloy)
 From: thom kevin gillespie <thom@silver.ucs.indiana.edu>
 From: Paul Christopher Workman <pw0l+@andrew.cmu.edu>
 From: kellys@code3.code3.com (Kelly Sorensen)
 From: whughes@lonestar.utsa.edu (William W. Hughes)
 From: North_TJ@cc.curtin.edu.au (Tim North)
 From: LORETI@FNAL.FNAL.GOV (Maurizio Loreti)
 From: Stephen Hart <stephenh@cs.mun.ca>
 From: Duane F Marble <dmarble@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
 From: Matthias Neeracher <neeri@iis.ee.ethz.ch>
 From: Wolfram Wagner <ww@mpi-sb.mpg.de>
 From: webb@tsavo.HKS.COM (Peter Webb)
 From: setzer@ssd.comm.mot.com (Thomas Setzer)
 From: kevles@acf3.NYU.EDU (Beth Kevles)
 From: dp@world.std.com (Jeff DelPapa)
 From: rsquires@cyclops.eece.unm.edu (Roger Squires)
 From: hartman@uLogic.com (Richard Hartman)
 From: Vernor Vinge <vinge%saturn@sdsu.edu>
 From: Paul Lebeau <plebeau@cix.compulink.co.uk>
 From: "Lawrence Rounds" <ljr@beach.cis.ufl.edu>
 From: phydeaux@cumc.cornell.edu (David Weingart)
 From: chgs02@vaxa.strath.ac.uk (By learning+courtesy)
 From: Rowan Fairgrove <rowanf@cache.crc.ricoh.com>
 From: peterc@suite.sw.oz.au.sw.oz.au (Peter Chubb,x114,6982322,3982735)
 From: Gara Pruesse <gara@cs.toronto.edu>
 From: russell@alpha3.ersys.edmonton.ab.ca (Russell Schulz)
 From: ahm@spatula.rent.com (Andreas Meyer)
 From: jon@cs.washington.edu (Jon Jacky)
 From: eugene@nas.nasa.gov (Eugene N. Miya)
 From: "A.M.MAIR" <CHGS02@VAXB.STRATHCLYDE.AC.UK>
 From: mengel@dcdmwm.fnal.gov (Marc Mengel)
 From: Roger Scowen <rss@seg.npl.co.uk>
 From: kevino@clbooks.com (Kevin Oster -- System Administrator)
 From: chavey@cs.wisc.edu (Darrah Chavey)
 From: Vonda McIntyre <mcintyre@cpac.washington.edu>
 From: Bruce Sterling <bruces@well.sf.ca.us>
 From: "Scott Thomas Yabiku" <yabi@midway.uchicago.edu>
 From: Thomas Adshead <uad1212@dircon.co.uk>
 From: Paul Andrews <76050.161@CompuServe.COM>
 ===== ======================================= ---------> MUCHO thanks to all!


__Ian "The Other internet Worm[tm]" Feldman <ianf@random.se>


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38754
From: scornd7@technet.sg (Tang Chang Thai)
Subject: Re: InterViews graphics package

Rene S. Dutch student (renes@ecpdsharmony.cern.ch) wrote:

: I'm trying out the C++ graphics package InterViews. Besides the man pages
: on the classes, I haven't got any documentation. Is there anything else
: around? Furthermore, can anyone send me a (small!) example program
: which shows how to use these classes together ? I would be very gratefull...

You might want to try comp.windows.interviews.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38755
From: jbulf@balsa.Berkeley.EDU (Jeff Bulf)
Subject: Re: Fractal compression

In article <inu530n.735550992@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au>, inu530n@lindblat.cc.monash.edu.au (I Rachmat) writes:
|> Hi... can anybody give me book or reference title to give me a start at 
|> fractal image compression technique. Helps will be appreciated... thanx

For better worse, the source on this on is Michael Barnsley. His article
in The Science of Fractal Images (Peitgen et al) is a fair-to-middling
intro. Barnsley's book Fractals Everywhere is a more thorough treatment.
The book covers Iterated Function Systems in general, and their application
to image compression is clear from the text.
--- 
	dr memory
	jbulf@kpc.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38756
From: ajs8@kimbark.uchicago.edu (adam jeremy schorr)
Subject: Graphics Needed

	I'm looking for graphics (clipart, bmp, gif...) of anything relating to ophthalmology (I know it's a weird request). Anything such as eyeglasses, 
contact lenses, eyes...would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38757
From: r0506048@cml3 (Chun-Hung Lin)
Subject: Re: JPEG file format?

peterbak@microsoft.com (Peter Bako) writes:
: 
: Where could I find a description of the JPG file format?  Specifically
: I need to know where in a JPG file I can find the height and width of 
: the image, and perhaps even the number of colors being used.
: 
: Any suggestions?
: 
: Peter

Try ftp.uu.net, in /graphics/jpeg.
--
--------------------------------
=================================================================
Chun-Hung Lin ( LT )                     
r0506048@csie.ntu.edu.tw    
Communication & Multimedia Lab.
Dept. of Comp. Sci. & Info. Eng.
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
=================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38758
From: ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University)
Subject: QuickTime performance (was Re: Rumours about 3DO ???)

OK, with all the discussion about observed playback speeds with QuickTime,
the effects of scaling and so on, I thought I'd do some more tests.

First of all, I felt that my original speed test was perhaps less than
realistic. The movie I had been using only had 18 frames in it (it was a
version of the very first movie I created with the Compact Video compressor).
I decided something a little longer would give closer to real-world results
(for better or for worse).

I pulled out a copy of "2001: A Space Odyssey" that I had recorded off TV
a while back. About fifteen minutes into the movie, there's a sequence where
the Earth shuttle is approaching the space station. Specifically, I digitized
a portion of about 30 seconds' duration, zooming in on the rotating space
station. I figured this would give a reasonable amount of movement between
frames. To increase the differences between frames, I digitized it at only
5 frames per second, to give a total of 171 frames.

I captured the raw footage at a resolution of 384*288 pixels with the Spigot
card in my Centris 650 (quarter-size resolution from a PAL source). I then
imported it into Premiere and put it through the Compact Video compressor,
keeping the 5 fps frame rate. I created two versions of the movie: one scaled
to 320*240 resolution, the other at 160*120 resolution. I used the default
"2.00" quality setting in Premiere 2.0.1, and specified a key frame every ten
frames.

I then ran the 320*240 movie through the same "Raw Speed Test" program I used
for the results I'd been reporting earlier.

Result: a playback rate of over 45 frames per second.

That's right, I was getting a much higher result than with that first short
test movie. Just for fun, I copied the 320*240 movie to my external hard
disk (a Quantum LP105S), and ran it from there. This time the playback rate
was only about 35 frames per second. Obviously the 230MB internal hard disk
(also a Quantum) is a significant contributor to the speed of playback.

I modified my speed test program to allow the specification of optional
scaling factors, and tried playing back the 160*120 movie scaled to 320*240
size. This time the playback speed was over 60 fps. Clearly, the poster who
observed poor performance on scaled playback was seeing QuickTime 1.0 in
action, not 1.5. I'd try my tests with QuickTime 1.0, but I don't think it's
entirely compatible with my Centris and System 7.1...

Unscaled, the playback rate for the 160*120 movie was over 100 fps.

The other thing I tried was saving versions of the 320*240 movie with
"preferred" playback rates greater than 1.0, and seeing how well they played
from within MoviePlayer (ie with QuickTime's normal synchronized playback).
A preferred rate of 9.0 (=> 45 fps) didn't work too well: the playback was
very jerky. Compare this with the raw speed test, which achieved 45 fps with
ease. I can't believe that QuickTime's synchronization code would add this
much overhead: I think the slowdown was coming from the Mac system's task
switching.

A preferred rate of 7.0 (=> 35 fps) seemed to work fine: I couldn't see
any evidence of stutter. At 8.0 (=> 40 fps) I *think* I could see slight
stutter, but with four key frames every second, it was hard to tell.

I guess I could try recreating the movies with a longer interval between the
key frames, to make the stutter more noticeable. Of course, this will also
improve the compression slightly, which should speed up the playback performance
even more...

Lawrence D'Oliveiro                       fone: +64-7-856-2889
Computer Services Dept                     fax: +64-7-838-4066
University of Waikato            electric mail: ldo@waikato.ac.nz
Hamilton, New Zealand    37^ 47' 26" S, 175^ 19' 7" E, GMT+12:00

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38759
From: stusoft@hardy.u.washington.edu (Stuart Denman)
Subject: Easy to translate JPEG code...

Does anyone out there have any JPEG decompression code in pretty much any
language that I can read and understand?  I have trouble understanding the
JPEG Group's code that I got from an FTP site.  If any one can send me
some good code, I will appreciate it a lot!  Thanks!

Stuart Denman
stusoft@u.washington.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38760
From: stusoft@hardy.u.washington.edu (Stuart Denman)
Subject: Re: 3D2 files - what are they?

doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons) writes:

>I was chaining around in the anonymous ftp world looking for 3D Studio
>meshes and other interesting graphical stuff for the program, and found
>a few files with the extension 3D2.  My 3DS v2.01 doesn't know this type
>of file, so what are they?

They are 3D object files for CAD 3D 2.0, a program written by Tom Hudson
for the Atari ST computers.  Don't know much more about them except that
they are stored with the points first, then the surfaces are next, and are
made by listing 3 point numbers that make up the triangle surface. Then
there's a header that describes coloring, lighting, etc.  Don't know much
more than this, hope this helps.

Stuart Denman
stusoft@u.washington.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38761
From: kiwi@iis.ethz.ch (Rene Mueller)
Subject: ICN (MSDOS) -> PBM/PGM/PPM format?

I have many icons in IconEdit and PBIcon format and I would like to 
convert them to PBM, PGM or PPM format. Do you know the formats of
IconEdit or PBIcon?

Thank's for your help.
   ,
Rene (kiwi@iis.ethz.ch)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38762
From: stolk@fwi.uva.nl (Bram)
Subject: Re: 48-bit graphics...

Howdy all,

oehler@yar.cs.wisc.edu (Wonko the Sane) writes:

>	I was recently talking to a possible employer ( mine! :-) ) and he made a reference to a
>48-bit graphics computer/image processing system.  I seem to remember it being called IMAGE or
>something akin to that.  Anyway, he claimed it had 48-bit color + a 12-bit alpha channel.  That's
>60 bits of info--what could that possibly be for?  Specifically the 48-bit color?  That's 280
>trillion colors, many more than the human eye can resolve.  Is this an anti-aliasing thing?  Or
>is this just some magic number to make it work better with a certain processor.

Hmm... 48 bit aye?
Well, it beats a 32-bit design for thee sake of ellegance.
48 bit means 16 bits per primary colour.
The 2^48 nr of colours is a bit misleading. It makes more sense to see it
as 65536 possible shades of pure red.
This might actually make some sense, since 256 shades of red (24 bit colours) 
may produce visible 'jumps' in intensity.
Then again, a byte per primary colour for each pixel is the most elegant way 
of doing colour graphics, because it leaves ya such a tidy (and fast) program
code.

	Take care,

		Bram

+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------+
| "Flying is a nack... the trick is   |  Bram Stolk (stolk@fwi.uva.nl)     |
|  to throw yourself at the ground,   |  Dept. of maths. & computer science|
|  and miss..."  - Douglas Adams      |  University of Amsterdam           |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------+
                                  No, I dont use ms-winDOZE, I prefer Linux!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38763
From: deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud)
Subject: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer

Hi,

I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
graphics board running X11.

Thanks in advance.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38764
From: rfbohan@unix1.tcd.ie (Bones)
Subject: Human Body data sets needed urgently

Hi all.  I'm looking for datasets of a human body or head  in any
of the popular formats.  I'm doing a presentation tomorrow which
could be greatly enhanced by bringing in this 'human' factor.  I've
looked around the net with no sucess so far.  Anyone got any ideas?
I'd also appreciate info on the location of datasets for the
USS Enterprise (any model)
Thanks in advance,
Ronan

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38765
From: n8844264@henson.cc.wwu.edu (Cummins Charles)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

mac@utkvx.bitnet (Richard J. McDougald) writes:

>In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:

>of these application softwares we're using -- but even so, how come one
>hasn't been written? (to my knowledge).  I mean, even Hijaak, one of the
>commercial industry standards of file conversion, hasn't attempted it yet

Adobe Streamline has been out four a couple of years. It does a much better
job than the autotracing functions which are built into illustration
programs. Of course, a higher resolution bitmap will produce a more
accurate trace. The problem that I've run into though, is that when it
creates a detailed trace, it produces WAY more points than are necessary.
If I trace something manually, I use many less es points. The problem
with this is it produces BIG files which slow everything down, especially
printing.

Chuck

y

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38766
From: d91tm@efd.lth.se (Tomas Moeller)
Subject: WANTED : Scott  Leatham @ Microsoft

Hello there!
A few days ago I got a mail concerning bitmap-stretching
from SCOTT LEATHAM @ Microsoft Redmond WA, USA.
I really would like to answer back to him, but I have 
lost his email-address.
So if Scott or anybody that knows his email-address
reads this, please mail me his address so I can
answer his mail.

Please mail to : d91tm@efd.lth.se

	Thanks
	  /Tomas

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38767
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: POV problems with tga outputs


Remember that the UNIX versions of PoV don't create TGA but QRT file
format output by default. +ft is needed to make TGA.

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38768
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: Pov-ray problem / Please Help...


what about

qrttoppm < file.dis | ppmtotga > file.tga

??

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38769
From: roy@mchip00.med.nyu.edu (Roy Smith)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

mac@utkvx.bitnet (Richard J. McDougald) writes:
> Since there's no (not really) such thing as a decent raster to vector
> conversion program, this "tracing" technique is about it.  Simple stuff,
> like b&w logos, etc. do pretty well, while more complicated stuff goes
> haywire.

	The first and only thing I've ever tried to auto-trace was a piece
of a USCG nautical chart using Adobe Illustrator 3.2.  I wanted to get the
outline of the coast for Western Long Island Sound.  I was simultaneously
suprised at how good a job it did and disappointed at how poorly it did.  I
suspect what I gave it was a very difficult thing; not only is the coastline
very irregular, but overlaid on the chart are numerous sets of gridlines
(not only lattitude and longitude, but loran grids as well).  The most
common mistake it make was whenever the coastline was roughly parallel and
tangent to a grid line, it would take off following the gridline instead of
the coast.  I think the best improvement would be some sort of interactive
algorithm that would let you step in and say "no, dummy, you're going the
wrong way".

	Steve Reisberg, a friend of mine a few years back(*), did his
doctoral work analysing electron micrographs of filimentous phage (virii).
A good chunk of the work was writing a program to take a digitized
micrograph and automatically trace the centerline of the virus particles.
This is essentially the same problem that Illustrator tries to solve with
its auto-trace tool.

	In some respects the problem Steve worked on was harder, since he
was trying to do quantitative analysis of the virus structure and finding a
good centerline was only the first step, but a step on which all future
analysis depended.  However, in other respects, it was an easier problem
since the program could be written with a lot of knowledge about what the
virus particles were supposed to look like, and the analysis could be
restricted to those particles which happend to be relatively straight,
clean, and well imaged; you don't always have that freedom auto-tracing real
life images.  In any case, it gave me some insight into just how difficult
this problem is to solve in the general case.

	(*) Steve is no longer with us.  He and his wife disappeared while
on vacation in Hawaii a couple of years after they graduated.  Their last
known location was hiking in a densely wooded in a mountainous area.  While no
bodies were ever found, they are presumed to have been the victim of some
sort of fall or accident in the woods.
-- 
Roy Smith <roy@nyu.edu>
Hippocrates Project, Department of Microbiology, Coles 202
NYU School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
"This never happened to Bart Simpson."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38770
From: dks@world.std.com (David K Shute)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

johnm@spudge.lonestar.org (John Munsch) writes:

>In article <loT1rAPNBh107h@viamar.UUCP> rutgers!viamar!kmembry writes:
>>Read Issue #2 of Wired Magazine.  It has a long article on the "hype" of
>>3DO.  I've noticed that every article talks with the designers and how
>>"great" it is, but never show any pictures of the output (or at least
>>pictures that one can understand)

>Gamepro magazine published pictures a few months ago and Computer Chronicles
>(a program that is syndicated to public tv stations around the nation) spent
>several minutes on it when it was shown at CES.  It was very impressive what
>it can do in real time.

>John Munsch

The April 1993 edition of MIX Magazine carries a story on 3DO which
includes pictures of the unit, a schematic of what's inside and some
indication from the people at 3DO as to where they intend to go and in
what stages. (MIX is a trade rag aimed at the professional sound
engineering community.)

The schematic shows a central DMA Engine connecting and mediating between
two Graphics Animation processors (32 bit bus), a 32-bit RISC processor
with math co-processor, Video Decomp module, a control port, an expansion
port (where 3DO hangs its double-fast CD player), 1Mb DRAM, an optional
video port (for editing video) and on the outbound side 1MB VRAM to Video
Processor to TV chain parallel with a DSP to sound chain. 

They promise Red Book CD-quality audio, full 30 fps video and a future
connection path to your PC via a PC expansion card.

I am not informed enough to have an opinion about the various means and
methods discussed here. The article, written by Philip De Lancie, does
cover the other machines mentioned in this thread.  I come from the PC
TCP/IP world and see a tremendous potential for bringing connectedness to
the educated consumer; 3DO seems to have the right business partners to
make this happen. 

Hope this helps.

David Shute
EMAIL: dks@world.std.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38771
From: raunoh@otol.fi (Rauno Haapaniemi)
Subject: REAL-3D

Earlier today I read an ad for REAL-3D animation & ray-tracing software and
it looked very convincing to me. However, I don't own an Amiga and so I began 
to wonder, if there's a PC version of it.

So, has anyone seen/used REAl-3D for DOS??

---
Rauno 'Rene' Haapaniemi  I Every word of it are true,
Haapanatie 2D 409        I   except for those that are lies...
90150 OULU               I
reneh@otol.fi            I       Douglas Adams


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38772
From: sean@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (Sean Murphy)
Subject: Hallusion info??

Has anyone seen hallusions?  You can buy a poster of them and it looks like a simple dot pattern
when you first look at it but if you focus behind it you see a 3d picture.  I'm looking for
a program that generates these pictures.  There's a company in Texas that makes them but I 
doubt if they're giving the program away.  Any help would be appreciated. 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38773
From: d0np@elara.sun.csd.unb.ca (Necros)
Subject: CGM -> something (preferably PCX)


Does anybody know about a converter from CGM to PCX or anything else more
common.  I've spent some time searching the archives with no luck.
Could you email me your responses.



                 Thx in advance,
                         Mike G.


d0np@jupiter.sun.csd.unb.ca


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38774
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Kubota Kenai/Denali ?


Does anyone have any real experience with the Kubota Kenai/Denali
series of graphics workstations?  They pretty much blow the pants
off SGI machines and Sun machines in the same price point, which
is about 50,000 bucks.  Real nice stuff, but I've only seen the
stuff on paper.  I'm wondering, is there anything NOT to like?  The
specs are too massive to get into here, but if a summary is desired
I could be coaxed into uploading the spec sheet.

Brian


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38775
From: dlunt@segovia.ct_exploit (Danny Lunt)
Subject: Re: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain dat

Try spectrum.xerox.com [192.70.225.78] in /pub/map/dem.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38776
From: matt-dah@dsv.su.se (Mattias Dahlberg)
Subject: Re: REAL-3D

Rauno Haapaniemi (raunoh@otol.fi) wrote:

> Earlier today I read an ad for REAL-3D animation & ray-tracing software
> and it looked very convincing to me.

Yes, it looks like very good indeed.

> However, I don't own an Amiga and so I began to wonder, if there's a PC
> version of it.

Nope.

--
=========================================================
=  Regards  =  email:              =  1280x512x262000+  = 
=  Mattias  =  matt-dah@dsv.su.se  =  I love it.        =
=========================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38777
From: alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski) writes:

>In article <7306@pdxgate.UUCP> idr@rigel.cs.pdx.edu (Ian D Romanick) writes:
>>What kind of polygons?  Shaded?  Texturemapped?  Hm?  More comes into play with
>>fast routines than just "polygons".  It would be nice to know exaclty what
>>system (VGA is a start, but what processor?) and a few of the specifics of the
>>implementation.  You need to give  more info if you want to get any answers! :P

>I don't want texture mapped, cause if I did I'd asked for them. :)  Just
>a simple and fast routine to do filled polygons.  As for the processor, it'd
>be for a minimum of a 286... maybe 386 if I can't find a good one for 286s.
>Ideally, I want a polyn function that can clip to a user-defined viewport,
>and write to an arbitrary location in memory.  Of course the chances of

Ok It is for a game that is 3d and you have listed the characteristics 
that you are looking for. I think you may have left out a few 
important parameters. 
The polygons are all convex. 
They have less than N sides. (you are drawing meshes walls doors etc.)

I believe that the algorithms you can get that will only draw convex
polygons can be much more efficient than those that can draw
concave / self intersecting polygons. 
This efficiency can largely be attributed to the fact that 
simple convex polygons only have a left and a right edge on each scan line.
Complex (figure 8 type polygons) can be a bit trickier.

The less than N sides specification especially if it is a very small 
number like 3 or 4 allow othe optimisations to be made.

Thus for a high speed game application I think you are looking for
code that exploits and is hence limited to drawing simple convex
polygons.  

>finding something like that are pretty remote, so I guess I'd need the source
>with it.  Oh, and I guess it would need to be in ASM otherwise it'd be too
>slow.  I've seen some polygon routines in C, and they've all been waaay too
>slow.  Its for a 3D vector graphics program.  I've been hunting high and low

It may have been that they were very general purpose algorithms.
If you limit yourself to 3 or four sided simple convex polygons
I think you might be suprised how fast a c algorithm with a 
asm block move to fill each scan line might actually be.


>for a polyn function in ASM, and I can't find one anywhere that I can use.
>I've found one or two polyn functions, but my ASM is pretty bad, so I won't
>even try to rewrite them. :)
>		//Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38778
From: grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov (John T. Grieggs)
Subject: (26Apr93) comp.graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Archive-name: graphics/faq

This message is automatically posted once a week or so in an effort to
cut down on the repetitive junk in comp.graphics.  It was last changed
on 26Apr93.  If you have answers to other frequently asked questions that
you would like included in this posting, please send me mail.  If you
don't want to see this posting every week, please add the subject line
to your kill file.  Thank you.

If your copy of the FAQ is more than a couple of weeks old, you may want to
seek out the most recent version.  The latest version of this FAQ is always
available on the archive site pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) as
pub/usenet/news.answers/graphics/faq.

---
_john

	John Grieggs grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov JohnG@portal.com
---
Last update: 26Apr93

Sorry I haven't posted this for a couple of weeks, but I was called out of
town due to a death in the family.  This is reality, folks.

What's new?

SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project (spencer@cgrg.ohio-state.edu).

		grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov



Contents:

    1) General references for graphics questions.
    2) Drawing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional screen.
    3) Quantizing 24 bit images down to 8 bits.
    4) Converting color into grayscale.
    5) Quantizing grayscale to black&white.
    6) Rotating a raster image by an arbitrary angle.
    7) Free image manipulation software.
    8) Format documents for TIFF, IFF, BIFF, NFF, OFF, FITS, etc.
    9) Converting between vector formats.
    10) How to get Pixar films.
    11) How do I draw a circle as a Bezier (or B-spline) curve?
    12) How to order standards documents.
    13) How to FTP by email.
    14) How to tell whether a point is within a planar polygon.
    15) How to tessellate a sphere.
    16) Specific references on ray-tracing and global illumination.
    17) SIGGRAPH information online
    18) SIGGRAPH Panels Proceedings available
    19) Graphics mailing lists
    20) Specific references on file formats
    21) What about GIF?
    22) What is morphing?
    23) How to ray-trace height fields
    24) How to find the area of a 3D polygon
    25) How to join ACM/SIGGRAPH
    26) Where can I find MRI and CT scan volume data?
    27) Specific references on spatial data structures including quadtrees
	and octrees
    28) Where can I get a program to plot XY(Z) data or f(x) data?
    29) Specific references on PEX and PHIGS
    30) SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project


1) General references for graphics questions:

    Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice (2nd Ed.), J.D. Foley,
	A. van Dam, S.K. Feiner, J.F. Hughes, Addison-Wesley 1990, ISBN
	0-201-12110-7
    Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics, David F. Rogers, McGraw
	Hill 1985, ISBN 0-07-053534-5
    Mathematical Elements for Computer Graphics 2nd Ed., David F. Rogers
	and J. Alan Adams, McGraw Hill 1990, ISBN 0-07-053530-2
    Three Dimensional Computer Graphics, Alan Watt, Addison-Wesley 1990, ISBN
	0-201-15442-0
    An Introduction to Ray Tracing, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press
	1989, ISBN 0-12-286160-4
    Graphics Gems, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press 1990, ISBN
	0-12-286165-5
    Graphics Gems II, James Arvo (ed.), Academic Press 1991, ISBN
	0-12-64480-0
    Graphics Gems III, David Kirk (ed.), Academic Press 1992, ISBN
	0-12-409670-0 (with IBM disk) or 0-12-409671-9 (with Mac disk)
    Digital Image Warping, George Wolberg, IEEE Computer Society Press
	Monograph 1990, ISBN 0-8186-8944-7
    Digital Image Processing (2nd Ed.), Rafael C. Gonzalez, Paul Wintz,
	Addison-Wesley 1987, ISBN 0-201-11026-1
    A Programmer's Geometry, Adrian Bowyer, John Woodwark, Butterworths 1983,
	ISBN 0-408-01242-0 Pbk

An automatic mail handler at Brown University allows users of "Computer
Graphics: Principles and Practice," by Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and
Hughes, to obtain text errata and information on distribution of the
software packages described in the book.  Also, users can send the
authors feedback, to report text errors and software bugs, make
suggestions, and submit exercises.  To receive information describing
how you can use the mail handler, simply mail graphtext@cs.brown.edu
and put the word "Help" in the Subject line.  Use the Subject line
"Software-Distribution" to receive information specifically concerning
the software packages SRGP and SPHIGS.

Errata for "An Introduction to Ray Tracing" is available on
wuarchive.wustl.edu in graphics/graphics/books/IntroToRT.errata.

Errata for "Digital Image Warping" is in the same directory as
"Digital-Image-Warping.errata".

All C code from the "Graphics Gems" series is available via anonymous ftp
from princeton.edu.  Look in the directory pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems for
the various volumes (Gems, GemsII, GemsIII), and get the README file first.

Errata to _Graphics Gems_ and _Graphics Gems II is available on
wuarchive.wustl.edu in graphics/graphics/books.

A list of computer graphics, computational geometry and image processing
journals is available from Juhana Kouhia, jk87377@cs.tut.fi.


2) Drawing three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional screen.

The simple answer is, you divide by the depth.  For a more verbose
explanation, see any of the above references, starting with:

The Foley & Van Dam & Feiner & Hughes "Computer Graphics" book is certainly
a good start.  Chapter 6 is "Viewing in 3D", then read chapter 15,
"Visible-Surface Determination".  For more information go to chapter 16 for
shading, chapter 19 for clipping, and branch out from there.


3) Quantizing 24 bit images down to 8 bits.

Find a copy of "Color Image Quantization for Frame Buffer Display" by
Paul Heckbert, SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings, page 297.  There are other
algorithms, but this one works well and is fairly simple.  Implementations
are included in most raster toolkits (see item 7 below).

A variant method is described in "Graphics Gems", p. 287-293.  Note that
the code from the "Graphics Gems" series is all available from an FTP site,
as described above.

Check out John Bradley's "Diversity Algorithm", which is incorporated into
the xv package and described in the back of the manual.

The ImageMagick package (see section 7 for where it is) contains another
quantizing algorithm which is presented as "doing a better job than the
other algorithms, but slower".

There's also an implementation of:

Wan, Wong, and Prusinkiewicz, _An Algorithm for Multidimensional Data
Clustering_, Transactions on Mathematical Software, Vol. 14 #2 (June, 1988),
pp. 153-162.

avialable as princeton.edu:pub/Graphics/colorquant.shar.  This code,
in modified form, appears in the Utah Raster Toolkit as well.


4) Converting color into grayscale.

The NTSC formula is:

    luminosity = .299 red + .587 green + .114 blue


5) Quantizing grayscale to black&white.

The only reference you need for this stuff is:

    Digital Halftoning, Robert Ulichney, MIT Press 1987, ISBN 0-262-21009-6

But before you go off and start coding, check out the image manipulation
software mentioned in item 7 below.  All of the packages mentioned can do
some form of gray to b&w conversion.


6) Rotating a raster image by an arbitrary angle.

The obvious but wrong method is to loop over the pixels in the source
image, transform each coordinate, and copy the pixel to the destination.
This is wrong because it leaves holes in the destination.  Instead,
loop over the pixels in the destination image, apply the *reverse*
transformation to the coordinates, and copy that pixel from the source.
This method is quite general, and can be used for any one-to-one
2-D mapping, not just rotation.  You can add anti-aliasing by doing
sub-pixel sampling.

However, there is a much faster method, with antialising included,
which involves doing three shear operations.  The method was originally
created for the IM Raster Toolkit (see below); an implementation is
also present in PBMPLUS.  Reference: "A Fast Algorithm for Raster
Rotation", by Alan Paeth (awpaeth@watcgl.waterloo.edu) Graphics
Interface '86 (Vancouver).  An article on the IM toolkit appears in
the same journal.  An updated version of the rotation paper appears
in "Graphics Gems" (see section [1]) under the original title.


7) Free image manipulation software.

There are a number of toolkits for converting from one image format to
another, doing simple image manipulations such as size scaling, plus
the above-mentioned 24 -> 8, color -> gray, gray -> b&w conversions.
Here are pointers to some of them:

    xv by John Bradley.  X-based image display, manipulation, and format
    conversion package.  XV displays many image formats and permits editing
    of GIF files, among others. The program was updated 5/92; see the file
    contrib/xv-2.21.tar.Z on export.lcs.mit.edu.

    PBMPLUS, by Jef Poskanzer.  Comprehensive format conversion and image
    manipulation package.  The latest version is always available via
    anonymous FTP as ftp.ee.lbl.gov:pbmplus*.tar.Z,
    wuarchive.wustl.edu:graphics/graphics/packages/pbmplus/pbmplus*.tar.Z,
    and export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/pbmplus*.tar.Z.

    IM Raster Toolkit, by Alan Paeth (awpaeth@watcgl.uwaterloo.ca).
    Provides a portable and efficient format and related toolkit.  The
    format is versatile in supporting pixels of arbitrary channels,
    components, and bit precisions while allowing compression and machine
    byte-order independence.  The kit contains more than 50 tools with
    extensive support of image manipulation, digital halftoning and format
    conversion.  Previously distributed on tape c/o the University of
    Waterloo, an FTP version will appear someday.

    Utah RLE Toolkit.  Conversion and manipulation package, similar to
    PBMPLUS.  Available via FTP as cs.utah.edu:pub/urt-*,
    princeton.edu:pub/Graphics/urt-*, and freebie.engin.umich.edu:pub/urt-*.

    Fuzzy Pixmap Manipulation, by Michael Mauldin <mlm@nl.cs.cmu.edu>.
    Conversion and manipulation package, similar to PBMPLUS.  Version 1.0
    available via FTP as nl.cs.cmu.edu:/usr/mlm/ftp/fbm.tar.Z,
    ftp.uu.net:pub/fbm.tar.Z, and ucsd.edu:graphics/fbm.tar.Z.

    Img Software Set, by Paul Raveling <raveling@venera.isi.edu>.  Reads and
    writes its own image format, displays on an X11 screen, and does some
    image manipulations.  Version 1.3 is available via FTP as
    export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/img_1.3.tar.Z, and
    venera.isi.edu:pub/img_1.3.tar.Z along with a large collection of color
    images.

    Xim, X Image Manipulator, by Philip R. Thompson.  It does essential
    interactive image manipulations and uses x11r4 and the OSF/Motif toolkit
    for the interface.  It supports images in 1, 8, 24 and 32 bit formats.
    Reads/writes and converts to/from GIF, xwd, xbm, tiff, rle, xim, and
    other formats.  Writes level 2 postscript.  Other utilities and image
    application library are included.  Not a paint package.  Available via
    ftp from gis.mit.edu.

    xloadimage, by Jim Frost <madd@std.com>.  Reads in images in various
    formats and displays them on an X11 screen.  Available via FTP as
    export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/xloadimage*, and in your nearest comp.sources.x
    archive.

    xli, by Grame Gill, is an updated xloadimage with numerous improvements
    in both speed and in the number of formats supported.  Available in the
    same places as xloadimage (contrib tape, comp.sources.x archives).

    TIFF Software, by Sam Leffler <sam@okeeffe.berkeley.edu>.  Nice
    portable library for reading and writing TIFF files, plus a few tools
    for manipulating them and reading other formats.  Available via FTP as
    ucbvax.berkeley.edu:pub/tiff/*.tar.Z or ftp.uu.net:graphics/tiff.tar.Z

    xtiff, an X11 tool for viewing a TIFF file.  It was written to handle
    as many different kinds of TIFF files as possible while remaining
    simple, portable and efficient.  xtiff illustrates some common problems
    with building pixmaps and using different visual classes.  It is
    distributed as part of Sam Leffler's libtiff package and it is also
    available on export.lcs.mit.edu, ftp.uu.net and comp.sources.x.
    xtiff 2.0 was announced in 4/91; it includes Xlib and Xt versions.

    ALV, a Sun-specific image toolkit.  Version 2.0.6 posted to
    comp.sources.sun on 11dec89.  Also available via email to
    alv-users-request@cs.bris.ac.uk.

    popi, an image manipulation language.  Version 2.1 posted to
    comp.sources.misc on 12dec89.

    ImageMagick, an X11 package for display and interactive manipulation
    of images.  Includes tools for image conversion, annotation, compositing,
    animation, and creating montages.  ImageMagick can read and write many of
    the more popular image formats.  Available via FTP as
    export.lcs.mit.edu:contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.

    Khoros, a huge (~100 meg) graphical development environment based on
    X11R4.  Khoros components include a visual programming language, code
    generators for extending the visual language and adding new application
    packages to the system, an interactive user interface editor, an
    interactive image display package, an extensive library of image and
    signal processing routines, and 2D/3D plotting packages.  Available via
    FTP as pprg.eece.unm.edu:pub/khoros/*.

    LaboImage, a SunView-based image processing and analysis package.  It
    includes more than 200 image manipulation, processing and measurement
    routines, on-line help, plus tools such as an image editor, a color
    table editor and several biomedical utilities.  Available via anonymous
    FTP as ads.com:pub/VISION-LIST-ARCHIVE/SHAREWARE/LaboImage_3.1.tar.Z

    The San Diego Supercomputer Center Image Tools, software tools for
    reading, writing, and manipulating raster images.  Binaries for some
    machines available via anonymous FTP in sdsc.edu:sdscpub.

    The Independent JPEG Group has written a package for reading and
    writing JPEG files.  FTP to ftp.uu.net:graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v?.tar.Z

Don't forget to set binary mode when you FTP tar files.  For you MILNET
folks who still don't have name servers, the IP addresses are:

    ads.com			128.229.30.16
    cs.utah.edu			128.110.4.21
    coral.cs.jcu.edu.au		137.219.17.4
    export.lcs.mit.edu		18.24.0.12
    freebie.engin.umich.edu	141.212.103.21
    ftp.ee.lbl.gov		128.3.112.20
    ftp.uu.net			137.39.1.9 or 192.48.96.9
    gis.mit.edu			18.80.1.118
    gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au	128.250.70.62
    karazm.math.uh.edu		129.7.7.6
    marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au	134.7.1.1
    nic.funet.fir		128.214.6.100
    ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu		141.142.20.50
    nl.cs.cmu.edu		128.2.222.56
    pit-manager.mit.edu		18.172.1.27
    pprg.eece.unm.edu		129.24.24.10
    princeton.edu		128.112.128.1
    sdsc.edu			132.249.20.22
    ucbvax.berkeley.edu		128.32.133.1
    venera.isi.edu		128.9.0.32
    weedeater.math.yale.edu	128.36.23.17
    wuarchive.wustl.edu		128.252.135.4
    zamenhof.cs.rice.edu	128.42.1.75

Please do *not* post or mail messages saying "I can't FTP, could someone
mail this to me?"  There are a number of automated mail servers that will
send you things like this in response to a message.  See item 13 below for
details on some.

Also, the newsgroup alt.graphics.pixutils is specifically for discussion
of software like this.  You may find useful information there.


8) Format documents for TIFF, IFF, BIFF, NFF, OFF, FITS, etc.

You almost certainly don't need these.  Read the above item 7 on free
image manipulation software.  Get one or more of these packages and
look through them.  Chances are excellent that the image converter you
were going to write is already there.  But if you still want one of the
format documents, many such files are available by anonymous ftp from
zamenhof.cs.rice.edu in directory pub/graphics.formats.

These files were collected off the net and are believed to be correct.
This archive includes pixel formats, and two- and three-dimensional object
formats.  The future of this archive is uncertain at the moment, as Mark
Hall <foo@cs.rice.edu> will apparently no longer be maintaining it.

A second graphics file format archive is now being actively maintained
by Quincey Koziol (koziol@ncsa.uiuc.edu).  The latest version exists at
ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in /misc/file.formats/graphics.formats.  Apparently,
neither of these is complete, you might want to check both.

FITS stands for Flexible Image Transport System. It's a file format most
often used in astronomy.  Despite the name, it can contain not only images
but other things as well.  There is a regular monthly FITS basics and
information posting on sci.astro.fits - read it if you want to know more.



9) Converting between vector formats.

A lot of people ask about converting from HPGL to PostScript, or MacDraw
to CGM, or whatever.  It is important to understand that this is a very
different problem from the image format conversions in item 7.  Converting
one image format to another is a fairly easy problem, since once you
get past all the file header junk, a pixel is a pixel -- the basic objects
are the same for all image formats.  This is not so for vector formats.
The basic objects -- circles, ellipses, drop-shadowed pattern-filled
round-cornered rectangles, etc. -- vary from one format to another.
Except in extremely restricted cases, it is simply not possible to do
a one-to-one conversion between vector formats.

There is software for converting to and from CGM files on ftp.psc.edu.  The
contributor states that it runs on Unix, MS-Windows, and possibly the Mac.
A better, more specific blurb would be most welcome.

On the other hand, it is quite possible to do a close approximation,
rendering an image from one format using the primitives from another.
As far as I know, no one has put together a general toolkit of such
converters, but two different HPGL to PostScript converters have been
posted to comp.sources.misc.  Check the index on your nearest archive
site.

A related frequent question is how to convert from some vector format
to a bitmapped image - from PostScript to Sun raster format, or HPGL to
X11 bitmap.  For example, some of the commercial PostScript clones for
PC's allow you to render to a disk file as well as a printer.  Also,
the PostScript interpreters in the NeXT box and in Sun's X11/NeWs can
be used to render to a file if you're clever.  But in general, the
answer is no.  However, if someone were to put together a vector to
vector conversion toolkit, adding a vector to raster converter would be
trivial.

GNU ghostscript (from the FSF - current version 2.5.2) includes
drivers for both ppm and gif format files, thus it can be used as
a PostScript to ppm  or a PostScript to GIF filter.  (It implements
essentially all of PostScript level 1 and alot of Display PostScript
and level 2).


10) How to get Pixar films.

The various John Lasseter / Pixar computer animated shorts are available
on video tape.  You can order them from Direct Cinema Limited:

    Film                           Individual Price      Institutional Price
    Luxo, Jr.				$14.95			$50.00
    Red's Dream				$19.95			$75.00
    Tin Toy				$24.95			$75.00
    Knickknack				$24.95			$75.00
    Luxo, Jr./Red's Dream/Tin Toy	$39.95			$100.00

All tapes are on 1/2" VHS NTSC.  Add $10/tape for PAL format.  Also
available:

    Tin Toy T-shirt			$15.00
    Knickknack 3D T-shirt		$15.00 (includes glasses)

For individual orders, add $5 S&H for the first tape or shirt, $2 for
each additional tape or shirt.  For institutional orders, add $5 S&H
for the first tape, $3 for each additional tape.  Foreign shipping, add
$3/tape or shirt.  Call 800-525-0000 (213-396-4774 international,
213-396-3233 FAX) to charge to your credit card.  Call first to verify
prices and availability.  Or, just write to:

    Direct Cinema Limited
    1749 14th Street
    Santa Monica, CA 90404-4342

Allan Braunsdorf has this to say:

At SIGGRAPH they were selling a tape with all four shorts
for $25.  That was a sale price.  You can get it for slightly
more than that normally.  ($35 maybe.)  I believe it's
available from RenderMan Retail (at Pixar's address).

    Pixar
    1001 West Cutting Blvd.
    Richmond, CA. 94804
    (510) 236-4000 
    (510) 236-0388 (FAX)

You can obtain a video directly from Pixar which contains "Luxo, Jr.", "Red's
Dream", "Tin Toy" and "Knicknack" for $25.00, plus $2.50 for shipping. They
will take your order over the phone or via FAX with a major credit card. I 
ordered mine just last week and received it several days later. Don't expect 
to be able to rent a copy from your local video store. According to the license
agreement printed on the back cover of the case, it cannot be rented.


11) How do I draw a circle as a Bezier (or B-spline) curve?

The short answer is, "You can't."  Unless you use a rational spline you
can only approximate a circle.  The approximation may look acceptable,
but it is sensitive to scale.  Magnify the scale and the error of
approximation magnifies.  Deviations from circularity that were not
visible in the small can become glaring in the large.  If you want to
do the job right, consult the article:

  "A Menagerie of Rational B-Spline Circles"
  by Leslie Piegl and Wayne Tiller
  in IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, volume 9, number 9,
  September, 1989, pages 48-56.

For rough, non-rational approximations, consult the book:

  Computational Geometry for Design and Manufacture
  by I. D. Faux and M. J. Pratt,
  Ellis Horwood Publishers, Halsted Press, John Wiley 1980.

For the best known non-rational approximations, consult the article:

  "Good Approximation of Circles by Curvature-continuous Bezier Curves"
  by Tor Dokken, Morten Daehlen, Tom Lyche, and Knut Morken
  in Computer Aided Geometric Design, volume 7, numbers 1-4 (combined),
  June, 1990, pages 33-41 [Elsevier Science Publishers (North-Holland)]


12) How to order standards documents.

The American National Standards Institute sells ANSI standards, and also
ISO (international) standards.  Their sales office is at 1-212-642-4900,
mailing address is 1430 Broadway, NY NY 10018.  It helps if you have the
complete name and number.

Some useful numbers to know:

CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile) is ISO 8632-4 (1987).  GKS (Graphical
Kernel System) is ANSI X3.124-1985.  PHIGS (Programmer's Hierarchical
Interactive Graphics System) is ANSI X3.144-1988.  IGES is ASME/ANSI
Y14.26M-1987.  Language bindings are often separate but related numbers;
for example, the GKS FORTRAN binding is X3.124.1-1985.

Standards-in-progress are made available at key milestones to solicit
comments from the graphical public (this includes you!).  ANSI can let
you know where to order them; most are available from Global Engineering
at 1-800-854-7179.


13) How to FTP by email.

There are a number of sites that archive the Usenet sources newsgroups
and make them available via an email query system.  You send a message
to an automated server saying something like "send comp.sources.unix/fbm",
and a few hours or days later you get the file in the mail.

In addition, there is at least one FTP-by-mail server.  Send mail to
ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com saying "help" and it will tell you how to use
it.  Note that this service has at times been turned off due to abuse.


14) How to tell whether a point is within a planar polygon.

Consider a ray originating at the point of interest and continuing to
infinity.  If it crosses an odd number of polygon edges along the way,
the point is within the polygon.  If the ray crosses an even number of
edges, the point is either outside the polygon, or within an interior
hole formed from intersecting polygon edges.  This idea is known in
the trade as the Jordan curve theorem; see Eric Haines' article in
Glassner's ray tracing book (above) for more information, including
treatment of special cases.

Another method is to sum the absolute angles from the point to all
the vertices on the polygon.  If the sum is 2 pi, the point is inside,
if the sum is 0 the point is outside.  However, this method is about an
order of magnitude slower than the previous method because evaluating the
trigonometric functions is usually quite costly.

Code for both methods (plus barycentric triangle testing) can be found in
the Ray Tracing News, Vol. 5, No. 3, available from princeton.edu:
pub/Graphics/RTNews/RTNv5n3.Z.


15) How to tessellate a sphere.

One simple way is to do recursive subdivision into triangles.  The
base of the recursion is an octahedron, and then each level divides
each triangle into four smaller ones.  Jon Leech <leech@cs.unc.edu>
has posted a nice routine called sphere.c that generates the coordinates.
It's available for FTP on ftp.ee.lbl.gov and princeton.edu.

16) Specific references on ray-tracing and global illumination.

Rick Speer maintains a cross-indexed ray-tracing bibliography:

Highlights of this edition-

    i) more than 500 citations spanning the period from 1968 through
       November '91;
    ii) papers from all Siggraph, Graphics Interface, Eurographics, CG
        International and Ausgraph proceedings through December, '91;
    iii) all citations keyworded for easy lookup;
    iv) cross-indices by keyword and author;
    v)  glossary of the 119 keywords used.

The bib is in the form of a PostScript file.  The printout is 41 pages long.
Below is a list of ftp sites and the dirs that contain the file. It's named
"speer.raytrace.bib.ps.Z" and is compressed at most sites-

             Site                             Dir
	wuarchive.wustl.edu	graphics/graphics/bib/RT.BIB.Speer/
	karazm.math.uh.edu	pub/Graphics/
	gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au	pub/papers/
	nic.funet.fi		pub/sci/papers/graphics
	coral.cs.jcu.edu.au     graphics/papers/

Eric Haines (erich@eye.com) maintains ray tracing and radiosity/global
illumination bibliographies.  These are in "refer" format, and so can be
searched electronically (a simple awk script to search for keywords is
included with each).  The bibliographies are available at most of the
sites listed above, and the most current versions are maintained at
princeton.edu: pub/Graphics/Papers as "RayBib.*" and "RadBib.*".

Tom Wilson (wilson@cs.ucf.edu) has collected over 300 abstracts from ray
tracing related research papers and books.  The information is essentially
in plaintext, and Latex and troff formatting programs are included.  This
collection is available at most of the sites above as "rtabs.*".

17) SIGGRAPH information online

[from Steve Cunningham and Ralph Orlick]

ACM-SIGGRAPH announces its online information site at  siggraph.org
(128.248.245.250).  This site now provides SIGGRAPH information via both
anonymous ftp and an electronic mail archive server.

The anonymous ftp service is very standard, and the ftp directory includes
both conference and publications subdirectories.

To retrieve information by electronic mail, send mail to
     archive-server@siggraph.org
and in the subject or the body of the message include the message  send
followed by the topic and subtopic you wish.  A good place to start is with
the command
     send index
which will give you an up-to-date list of available information.


18) SIGGRAPH Panels Proceedings available

[from Steve Cunningham and Bob Judd]

ACM SIGGRAPH announces the availability of the SIGGRAPH '91 Panels Proceedings
at the  siggraph.org  site (128.248.245.250).  The proceedings are available
in three formats:
     text   (ASCII)
     rtf    (rich text format, suitable for many word processors)
     word   (MS Word for the Macintosh)
They may be retrieved from siggraph.org in two ways:

(1) by anonymous ftp
    change to one of the directories
       publications/s91/panels_proceedings/[text|rtf|word]
    The text and rtf files may be downloaded in ASCII mode, while the word
    files are stored in MacBinary format and must be downloaded in binary 
    mode.

    Each directory contains a Table of Contents file (TOC) that describes the
    contents of each panel file.

(2) by electronic mail
    send mail to
       archive-server@siggraph.org
    You can retrieve either the  text  or  rtf  files.  We suggest that you
    first retrieve the index files by putting one of the messages
       send panel91-txt index
       send panel91-rtf index
    in the subject or body of the message.  You will get the necessary
    information to retrieve the actual transcript files.


19) Graphics mailing lists

There are a variety of graphics-related mailing list out there, each
covering either a single product or a single topic.  I have been an
active participant in one of these for some time now, and find the
focus and expertise which can be brought to bear on an isolated topic
to be nothing short of amazing.

Please send me the appropriate information if you have any others you
would like to see added.

Name:		Imagine mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for users of the Imagine 3D Rendering and
		Animation package by Impulse, Inc.
Platforms:	Amiga, IBM
Subscription:	imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com
Posting:	imagine@email.sp.paramax.com

Name:		DCTV mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for users of the Digital Creations DCTV
		box, software, and file formats
Platforms:	Amiga
Subscription:	DCTV-request@nova.cc.purdue.edu
Posting:	DCTV@nova.cc.purdue.edu

Name:		Rayshade Users mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for users of the Rayshade raytracer
Platforms:	Most UNIX boxes, Amiga, Mac, IBM
Subscription:	rayshade-request@cs.princeton.edu
Posting:	rayshade-users@cs.princeton.edu

Name:		Lightwave 3D software for Toaster mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for users of Lightwave, the Video
		Toaster modelling and rendering package
Platforms:	Amiga
Subscription:	lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com
		with "subscribe lightwave-l" in your message
Posting:	lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com

Name:		POV mailing list
Description:	Discussion forum for DKBTrace and POV renderers
Platforms:	Unix
Subscription:	listserv@trearn.bitnet
Posting:	dkb-l@trearn.bitnet

Name:		Mailing List For Massive Parallel Rendering
Description:	same?
Platforms:	Unix
Subscription:	mp-render-request@icase.edu
Posting:	mp-render@icase.edu

20) Specific references on file formats

    Graphics File Formats, David Kay and John Levine, Windcrest/McGraw-Hill
      1992, ISBN 0-8306-3059-7 paper, ISBN 0-8306-3060-0 $36.95 hardcover,
      ISBN 0-8306-3059-7 $24.95 paper.  Comments - 26 formats, no software
      (this is good, IMHO - I prefer books which are non-platform-dependent).
      Questions about this book may be sent to gbook@iecc.cambridge.ma.us.


21) What about GIF?

GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format.  It is portable and usable upon
a wide variety of platforms.  It is quite limited in some ways (yes, the
keeper of the FAQ has some opinions after all), and in fact, I don't like
it much.  However, it looks to me like the most-Frequently Asked Question
which was not previously covered in this list.  The following is a list
of newsgroups and the like where one could go to find out about GIF.

Subject: alt.binaries.pictures FAQ - General info
Subject: alt.binaries.pictures FAQ - OS specific info
Newsgroups: alt.binaries.pictures.d,alt.binaries.pictures.misc,
	alt.binaries.pictures.utilities,alt.binaries.pictures.fractals,
	alt.binaries.pictures.fine-art.d,news.answers

Available in the indicated USENET newsgroup(s), or via anonymous ftp from
pit-manager.mit.edu in the files:

/pub/usenet/news.answers/pictures-faq/part1
/pub/usenet/news.answers/pictures-faq/part2

Also available from mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu by sending a mail
message containing any or all of:

send usenet/news.answers/pictures-faq/part1
send usenet/news.answers/pictures-faq/part2

Send a message containing "help" to get general information about the
mail server.

Also, you could check out the resources described in sections 7, 8, and
20 above for more information.


22) What is morphing?

Warping is the deformation of an image by mapping each pixel to a new
location. Morphing is blending from one image or object to another one.
Valerie Hall has written an excellent introduction to warping and
morphing. This is available for anonymous ftp from marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au
in the directory pub/graphics/bibliography/Morph. There are three files:

        morph_intro.ps.Z     (PostScript version, many pictures - 1.5M)
        morph_intro.txt.Z    (text version)
        m_responses.Z        (Responses to morphing questions)

The files are compressed, so you must use binary transfer and
uncompress them afterwards.


23) How to ray-trace height fields

Height fields are a special case in ray-tracing.  They have a number of uses,
such as terrain rendering, and some optimization is possible.  Thus, they
get their own FAQ section.  Note that further references can no doubt be
located via the ray-tracing bibs in section 16 above.

The following paper seems to be the definitive reference:

F. Kenton Musgrave
Grid Tracing: Fast Ray Tracing For Height Fields
July, 1988
<musg88.ps.Z>

This is available as "Research Report YALEU/DCS/RR-639" from Yale University,
it's also in the SIGGRAPH '91 Fractal Modeling in 3D Computer Graphics and
Imaging course notes, and (best of all) it's available on the net:

    nic.funet.fi		pub/sci/papers/musg88.ps.Z
    weedeater.math.yale.edu	pub/Papers/musg88.ms.Z
    princeton.edu		pub/Graphics/Papers/musg88.ms.Z
    coral.cs.jcu.edu.au		graphics/papers/musg88.ps.Z
    gondwana.ecr.mu.OZ.AU	pub/papers/musg88.ms.Z and musg88.ps.Z

An implementation of this paper may be found in Rayshade.

Another paper exists:

%A David W. Paglieroni
%A Sidney M. Petersen
%T Parametric Height Field Ray Tracing
%J Proceedings of Graphics Interface '92
%I Canadian Information Processing Society
%C Toronto, Ontario
%D May 1992
%P 192-200

And still one more:

Musgrave, Kolb, and Mace
"The Synthesis and Rendering of Eroded Fractal Terrains",
Computer Graphics Vol 23, No. 3 (SIGGRAPH '89 procedings) p. 41-50



24) How to find the area of a 3D polygon

	The area of a triangle is given by (in C notation),

     area = 0.5 * ( ( x[0] * y[1] ) + ( x[1] * y[2] ) + ( x[2] * y[0] ) -
	            ( x[1] * y[0] ) - ( x[2] * y[1] ) - ( x[0] * y[2] ) );

and the area of a planar polygon is given by

     area = 0.0;

     for ( i = 0; i < n - 1; i++ )
         area += ( x[i] * y[i + 1] ) - ( x[i + 1] * y[i] );
     area += ( x[n - 1] * y[0] ) - ( x[0] * y[n - 1] );
     area /= 2.0;

If the area is a negative number, the polygon or triangle is
clockwise, if positive, it is counterclockwise.

>From Ronald Golman's Gem (in Graphics Gems II - see section 1 above), "Area
 of Planar Polygons and Volume of Polyhedra:"

The area of a polygon P0, P1, P2, ... Pn, not in the x-y plane, is
given by

     Area(Polygon) = 1/2 * | N . Sigma { Pk x Pk+1 } |

where N is the unit vector normal to the plane and P is a polygonal
vertex.  The . represents the dot product operator and the x
represents the cross product operator.  Sigma represents the summation
operator.  | | represents the absolute value operator.  Pn+1 is equal
to P0.


25) How to join ACM/SIGGRAPH

Probably the easiest way to join ACM/SIGGRAPH is to trot over to your
local technical library and find a copy of Communications of the ACM.
Somewhere within the first few pages will be an application blank.
Fill it out and mail it in.  ACM membership for students costs $23.00,
Voting or Associate Membership $77.00 (yearly)

SIGGRAPH student membership costs an additional $16.00, $26.00 for
Voting or Associate Members (also yearly).  To get TOG (Transactions
on Graphics) it's another $26.00 for students and $31.00 for Voting or
Associate Members.

If you just want to join SIGGRAPH without joining ACM, it'll cost you
$59.00 (no student discount).

There are surcharges for overseas airmailing of publications.

ACM Member services may be contacted via email at acmhelp@acmvm.bitnet. 
Their phone number is (212) 626-0500.  FAX number (212) 944-1318.
Snailmail address:

                ACM
                PO Box 12114
                Church Street Station
                New York, New York 10257

SIGGRAPH `93 will be held in Anaheim, California, at the Anaheim
Convention Center (just up the street from Disneyland) on August 1-6, 1993.

26) Where can I find MRI and CT scan volume data?

Volume data sets are available from the University of North Carolina at
omicron.cs.unc.edu (152.2.128.159) in /pub/softlab/CHVRTD.  (Commerical
use is prohibited.)

Head data - A 109-slice MRI data set of a human head.

Knee data - A 127-slice MRI data set of a human knee.

HIPIP data - The result of a quantum mechanical calculation of a SOD data
of a one-electron orbital of HIPIP, an iron protein.

SOD data - An electron density map of the active site of SOD (superoxide
dismutase). 

CT Cadaver Head data - A 113-slice MRI data set of a CT study of a cadaver
head. 

MR Brain data -  A 109-slice MRI data set of a head with skull partially
removed to reveal brain.

RNA data - An electron density map for Staphylococcus Aureus Ribonuclease.


27) Specific references on spatial data structures including quadtrees
	and octrees

H. Samet,
The Design and Analysis of Spatial Data Structures,
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990.
ISBN 0-201-50255-0.

H. Samet,
Applications of Spatial Data Structures:  Computer Graphics, Image Processing, a
nd GIS,
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1990.
ISBN 0-201-50300-0.


28) Where can I get a program to plot XY(Z) data or f(x) data?

Gnuplot is a command-driven interactive data/function  plotting program.  It
runs on just about any machine, and is very flexible in terms of supported
output devices.  The official North American distribution site for the latest
version is dartmouth.edu in /pub/gnuplot.  More information is available from
the USENET newsgroup comp.graphics.gnuplot and its FAQ, graphics/gnuplot-faq.

ACE/gr (xmgr - Motif/xvgr - XView) is a data/function plotting tool for 
workstations or X-terminals using X.  Available from ftp.ccalmr.ogi.edu
in /CCALMR/pub/acegr.

robotx (Robot) is a general purpose plotting and data analysis program.
Requires XView, X-terminal or workstation.  Available from sunsite.unc.edu
in /pub/academic/data_analysis.

Xgraph is a popular two-dimensional plotting program that accepts data in a
form similar to the unix program graph and displays line graphs, scatter plots,
or bar charts on an X11 display.  Available from ic.berkeley.edu in /pub.

Drawplot is a program for drawing 2D plots on X10/X11 windows, SUNVIEW
displays, or HP2648 terminals. Available from xcf.berkeley.edu in /src/local.

29) Specific references on PEX and PHIGS

    PEXlib Programming Manual, Tom Gaskins, 1154 pages, O'Reilly & Associates,
	ISBN 1-56592-028-7

    PEXlib Reference Manual, edited by Steve Talbott, 577 pages, O'Reilly &
	Associates, ISBN 1-56592-029-5

    PHIGS Programming Manual, Tom Gaskins, 908 pages, O'Reilly & Associates,
	ISBN 0-93775-85-4 (softcover), ISBN 0-937175-92-7 (casebound)

    PHIGS Reference Manual, edited by Linda Kosko, 1099 pages, O'Reilly &
	Associates, ISBN 0-937175-91-9


30) SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project

The ACM SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project is a database of over 15,000
unique computer graphics and computational geometry references in BibTeX
format, available to the computer graphics community as a research and
educational resource.

The database is located at "siggraph.org".  Users may download the BibTeX
files via FTP and peruse them offline, or telnet to "siggraph.org" and log
in as "biblio" and interactively search the database for entries of interest,
by keyword.

Additions/corrections/suggestions may be directed to the admin,
"bibadmin@siggraph.org".
-- 
John T. Grieggs (Telos @ Jet Propulsion Laboratory)
4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, Ca. 91109 M/S 525-3660    (818) 306-6506
Uucp: {cit-vax,elroy,chas2}!jpl-devvax!grieggs
Arpa: ...jpl-devvax!grieggs@cit-vax.ARPA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38779
From: donc@cognos.com (Don Campbell)
Subject: AVI to FLC converter

I am looking for a small utility that will convert a Microsoft Video (AVI)
file to an Autodesk Animator Pro (FLC) file. Since AVIs also contain sound,
it would be nice if this utility also stored the sound track as a WAV or VOC
file. Currently I'm accomplishing this by saving the AVI as multiple DIBs
using Video for Windows, then converting each DIB to a GIF, then loading the
GIFs into Animator. For the sound, I load the original AVI into WavEdit and
save it as a seperate WAV file. This requires too many steps to be productive.

Any help will be GREATLY appreciated.

          Thanks
             Don

-- 
Don Campbell       internet:  donc@cognos.COM
                       uucp:  cognos!donc  
Cognos Inc.            mail: P.O. Box 9707, 3755 Riverside Drive, 
(613) 738-1440               Ottawa Ontario, Canada. K1G 3Z4

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38780
From: hawks@seq.uncwil.edu (David Hawks)
Subject: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

    I do not know if I am hitting the right news groups or not, any help in
the right direction is more than welcome.  I need help finding a company
that will take photographic images scanned in and modified by Adobe Photoshop
and turn them into thermal prints or negatives.  I am looking for a place
as close to North Carolina as possible.  The images will be created on
a Macintosh Quadra 800 running Adobe Photoshop and will then be stored in
whatever format the vendor requires, perhaps 88M cartridges?

    The images will be black and white photographs scanned in with a 1200 dpi
scanner then modified/corrected by Adobe Photoshop.  If anyone could help me
or even give me phone numbers to people who could I would be very grateful.

    Also if anyone else is doing what I am planning I would be happy to hear
from you with any advice you might provide as to the computer system you
use and/or any peripherals or software.  It seemed the Quadra 800 would be
my best bet to modify photographic images.  I am planning on buying a Quadra
800 with 32Megs of RAM, a 510Meg Hard Drive, a 1200 dpi scanner, 17" Sony 
monitor and a 88Meg cartridge drive and perhaps a CD ROM.  I am new to
computers and any advice would be great.

-- David at hawks@seq.uncwil.edu or hawks_dw@wl.corning.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38781
From: "Changyaw Wang" <wangc@cs.indiana.edu>
Subject: Need help to find out the address of several companies doing graphics.


1) Lucas film
2) Pixar
3) 3D/Eye Inc.
4) Light & Magic

Thanks,
-Changyaw
wangc@cs.indiana.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38782
From: dsg@ecrc.de (Douglas S. Greer)
Subject: Research Positions in 3D Graphics, Munich, Germany


EUROPEAN COMPUTER RESEARCH CENTRE

Research Positions in 3D Graphics

ECRC is currently expanding its research staff in three-dimensional
graphics. We are looking for highly qualified researchers with a PhD in
computer science and a proven ability to conduct highly innovative
research. Preference will be given to candidates who have strong
experience in developing and implementing algorithms for
three-dimensional graphics, visualization and user interaction. We
presently have positions available for both experienced researchers and
recent graduates.  Candidates with especially strong backgrounds may be
considered for positions as visiting scientists or for Ph.D. student
research positions.

The European Computer-Industry Research Centre is located in Munich,
Germany with English as the working language. The centre is funded by a
consortium of major computer companies, with a mission to pursue
research in fundamental areas of computer science. Active areas of
research include visualization and user interfaces, distributed
computing, parallelism, deductive systems and databases. The center
employs 45 researchers of 21 different nationalities.

The small but rapidly growing graphics group is currently investigating
new methods for three-dimensional human-computer interaction and the
integration of computer vision and computer graphics technology. The
center has extensive computing facilities which includes Sun
workstations, Apple Macintoshes, a well equipped graphics laboratory and
network access to super-computer facilities.

ECRC offers competitive salaries and excellent benefits. For immediate
consideration, send a written application with curriculum vitae,
telephone number, e-mail address, and references to: Douglas Greer, ECRC
GmbH, Arabellastrasse 17, D--8000 Munich 81, Germany


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38783
From: baer@qiclab.scn.rain.com (Ken Baer)
Subject: Re: WANTED: Playmation Info

In article <1993Apr22.205418.27411@osf.org> omar@godzilla.osf.org (Mark Marino) writes:
>Hi Folks,
>
>   Does anyone have a copy of Playmation they'd be willing to sell me.  I'd 
>love to try it out, but not for the retail $$$.

Playmation is available direct from Anjon & Associates for $299.  It's hard
to beat that price.  Also, you'd be better off with a newer version than
an older version that had bugs that have long since been clobbered.  

>
>   Thanks in advance,
>| Mark Marino              | omar@osf.org           |  uunet!osf!omar         |


-- 
 \_       -Ken Baer.  Programmer/Animator, Hash Enterprises
<[_]   Usenet: baer@qiclab.UUCP / AppleLink: KENBAER / Office: (206)573-9427
 =# \,  "We're not hitchhiking anymore, we're RIDING!" - Ren Hoak.   

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38784
From: kiki@PROBLEM_WITH_INEWS_GATEWAY_FILE (Keith Baccki)
Subject: Re: 48-bit graphics...

Wonko the Sane (oehler@yar.cs.wisc.edu) wrote:

: 	I was recently talking to a possible employer ( mine! :-) ) and he made a reference to a
: 48-bit graphics computer/image processing system.  I seem to remember it being called IMAGE or
: something akin to that.  Anyway, he claimed it had 48-bit color + a 12-bit alpha channel.  That's
: 60 bits of info--what could that possibly be for?  Specifically the 48-bit color?  That's 280
: trillion colors, many more than the human eye can resolve.  Is this an anti-aliasing thing?  Or
: is this just some magic number to make it work better with a certain processor.


	I'm pretty sure most industry strength image processing specific 
systems (i.e. photo processing gear) use as much as 96 bits of color info.
Why? Why not, oversampling is never a bad idea especially if the
hardware's only task is image manipulation, and profressional photographers
demand professional results.

: 	Also, to settle a bet with my roommate, what are SGI's flagship products?  I know of
: Iris, Indigo, and Crimson, but what are the other ones, and which is their top-of-the-line?
: (sadly, I have access to none of them.  Just a DEC 5000/25.  Sigh.)

	Strange question, but anyway, there's the VGX line, the newer
Indigo^2, and the Onyx systems are the new big boys on the block (you
can get a 24 processor system with twice the graphics performance of
a reality engine). There's more, but I don't have my handy "periodic 
table of sgi's" on me...


			Keith


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38785
From: davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com (David J. Ray)
Subject: Re: Hallusion info??

Sean Murphy (sean@aries.scs.uiuc.edu) wrote:
: Has anyone seen hallusions?  You can buy a poster of them and it looks like a simple dot pattern
: when you first look at it but if you focus behind it you see a 3d picture.  I'm looking for
: a program that generates these pictures.  There's a company in Texas that makes them but I 
: doubt if they're giving the program away.  Any help would be appreciated. 
: 
There is a program included with the book "Virtual Reality Playhouse" which
will let you generate these pictures.  It's not a very powerful program but
it does an acceptable job for experimentation purposes.

davidr@rincon.ema.rockwell.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38786
From: cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk (Sunil Gupta)
Subject: MESSAGE: for cgcad@bart.inescn.pt

I cant get through to the author of rtrace. His site is inaccessible
can he upload the new version somewhere else please?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38787
From: edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
Subject: 2nd RFD for Open Telematic Group for RealTime Multimedia Online apps

                                 
                                
                                  RFD 
                          Request For Discussion                   
                                for the
                          OPEN  TELEMATIC GROUP
 
                                  OTG
 
 
 
 
I have proposed the forming of a consortium/task force for the promotion
of NAPLPS/JPEG, FIF to openly discuss ways, method, 
procedures,algorythms,
applications, implementation, extensions of NAPLPS/JPEG standards.
These standards should facilitate the creation of REAL_TIME Online
applications that make use of Voice, Video, Telecommuting, HiRes 
graphics,
Conferencing, Distant Learning, Online order entry, Fax,in addition
these dicussion would assist all to better understand how SGML,CALS,
ODA,MIME,OODBMS,JPEG,MPEG,FRACTALS,SQL,CDrom,cdromXA,Kodak PhotoCD,TCL,
V.FAST,EIA/TIA562,can best be incorporated and implemented to
develop TELEMATIC/Multimedia applications....
 
We want to be able to support DOS, UNIX, MAC, WINDOWS, NT, OS/2 
platforms.
It is our hope that individuals,developers, corporations, Universities,
R & D labs would join in in supporting such an endeavor.
 
This would be a NOT_FOR_PROFIT group with bylaws and charter. Already 
many
corporation have decided to support OTG (Open TELEMATIC Group) so do not 
delay joining if you are a developer
 
An RFD has been posted to form a usenet newsgroup and a FAQ will soon be 
be compose to start promulgating what is known on the subject.
If you would like to be added to the mailist send email or mail to
the address below. 
 
This group would publish an electronic quarterly NAPLPS/JPEG newsletter
as well as a hardcopy version.
We urge all who wants to see CMCs HiRes based applications
& the NAPLPS/JPEG G R O W,  decide to join and mutually benefit from 
this NOT-FOR_PROFIT endeavor.
 
NOTE: Telematic has been defined by Mr. James Martin as the marriage
      of Voice, Video, Hi-res Graphics, Fax, IVR, Music over telephone
      lines/LAN.
 
 
 
If you would like to get involve write to me at:
 
  
 
  IMG Inter-Multimedia Group| Internet:  epimntl@world.std.com 
  P.O. Box 95901            |            ed.pimentel@gisatl.fidonet.org 
  Atlanta, Georgia, US      | CIS     :  70611,3703           
                            | FidoNet :  1:133/407          
                            | BBS     :  +1-404-985-1198 zyxel 14.4k
  
To all that have responded we are trying to acknowledge as soon as
possible. We have really been inundated with org, corp, edu willing
to get involve.
It would be nice if upon responded you can state in what capacity
you are willing to get involve.


-- 
edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
gatech!kd4nc!vdbsan!willard!edimg
emory!uumind!willard!edimg
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38788
From: craig@hpuplca.nsr.hp.com (Craig Lamparter)
Subject: 3DS INV NORMAL ARRAY ???



Does anyone truely understand the "INVALID NORMAL ARRAY" error 3ds gives
you while rendering?  It seems to present itself while rendering
complicated images.  I have circumvented this problem by rendering at
the command line, however it would be nice to render inside the editor.
Is this a memory problem???  

Craig....




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38789
From: davidla@ecs.comm.mot.com (David Lau)
Subject: Format of GIF files?

Could anyone tell me the format of GIF files.  I would like to know how I 
could determine the size of the picture.  Also, are gif files in compressed
format?  How many bits store pixel color information?  

(This is probally a simple question, but I couldn't find it in the FAQ.)

email responses would be perferred

----------
David Lau
davidla@ecs.comm.mot.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38790
From: thssstb@iitmax.iit.edu (Stephen T Bacon)
Subject: RE: 48 bit graphics...


A good reason (which is why many companies use it) for 48 bits / pixel
is so you can use double buffering (for animating scenes) - i.e. you have
2 * 24-bit planes. You write to the one in the background, and then FLIP! 
-- the entire screen updates to the second image-plane. The screen updates 
in one refresh and you don't see different objects appearing in the order 
that they're drawn (as in the CAD/MacDraw effect). Now your ready to update 
the image that used to be in the foreground.

Steve. (thssstb@iitmax.iit.edu / iris.iit.edu)

About the SG product line: who can even keep track nowadays? Every co. seems
to (as their ads / press releases claim) redefine computing (etc. etc.) as
we know it with each new product. Progress and competition are great, but who
wants to invest in a system that's obsolete by the time it reaches your desk?
:-)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38791
From: rmalayte@moliere.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?

In article <0010580B.vmcbrt@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:
>I've been trying to figure out a way to get Adobe Illustrator
>to auto-trace >exactly< what I see on my screen. But it misses
>the edges of templates by as many as 6 pixels or more - resulting in images
>that are useless  - I need exact tracing, not approximate.
>
>I've tried adjusting the freehand tolerances as well as autotrace
>tolerances but it doesn't help. Any suggestions?
>

Buy Adobe Streamline.  Problem solved.


||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
||"College men get smashed and break something,           ||   --     ---   ||
|| College women get smashed and get broken."             ||    |\     |    ||
||       -Robin Wilson              ======================|| ------------\  ||
||        President,                ||Ryan P. Malayter    ||  | |   \  |  | ||
||        Chico State University    ||332 Stanford Hall   || ------------/  ||
||==================================||Notre Dame, IN 46556||    |     \|    ||
|| N.D. Dept. of Physics/Comp. Sci. ||>>>malayter@nd.edu<<||   ---     --   ||
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38792
From: tpehrson@slack.sim.es.com (tim clinkenpeel)
Subject: [PC] oak77 vga driver available via ftp?

a user on my bbs "accidentally" deleted his vga driver for his oak77 card and
has no backup.  i was wondering if someone knew of an ftp site (and path,
please!) where such a thing might be obtained.  thanks.

-- 
	       there is no religion when a man has  good curry
  call the Lizard's Den bbs (801) IT'S-YODA - usenet, nethack, XiX, pc/amiga
      tim clinkenpeel: aberrant analytical skeptical agnostic idealist.
		     -- i exclusively represent myself --

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38793
From: jesse@eye.com (Jesse Lackey)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <1rguqoINNrc@edna.cc.swin.edu.au> alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen) writes:
>I believe that the algorithms you can get that will only draw convex
>polygons can be much more efficient than those that can draw
>concave / self intersecting polygons. 
>This efficiency can largely be attributed to the fact that 
>simple convex polygons only have a left and a right edge on each scan line.
>Complex (figure 8 type polygons) can be a bit trickier.

It is true the convex algorithm is faster than a general concave/multi outline
algorithm, but not tremendously faster.  I spent awhile implementing and
optimizing both flavors, and the convex turned out about 10% faster.  This is
all C (on HP PA-RISC the compiler got the inner loop [shooting the span] as
fast as possible, as far as I could tell).  For any sort of game the database
to render is known ahead of time, and can be made all convex.  Definitely the
way to go.

p.s. sorry but my code CANNOT be made public domain....
	jesse
-- 
Jesse Lackey  **  3D/Eye, Inc., Ithaca NY  **  jesse@eye.com  **  (607) 257-1381

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38794
From: dgodden@st.nepean.uws.edu.au (Daniel Godden)
Subject: Fast Polygon Routines needed.

I am looking for some fast polygon routines (Shaded or Texture
Mapped) in ASM (compile with MASM) or in Turbo Pascal (compile with
TP6). It has to be able to run on a 286, but does not have to look
super fast on a 286, but must look good on a 386.  

If anyone has any such code could you please mail it to me. Or tell
me where it can be got. 

Thanks in advance.


--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Daniel Godden                                  #Genius is only one step away
University of Western Sydney,Nepean            #from InSaNiTy! 
AARNet/Internet:dgodden@st.nepean.usw.edu.au   #But me, I am already there!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38795
From: eric.vitiello@tfd.coplex.com (Eric Vitiello)
Subject: .GIF to .BMP

TO: saz@hook.corp.mot.com


SZ>Does anybody know of a program that converts .GIF files to .BMP files
SZ>and if so, where can I ftp it from?  Any help would be greatly
SZ>appreciated.

  Sure... A GREAT shareware  program is Graphic Workshop (the newest
  version is 6.1).  Although I don't know where you can ftp it from.  It
  also converts to about 15 other formats, and does MANY other things.

....r.c V.t.ell. .r...
---
 . DeLuxe./386 1.25 #959sa . My Address: eric.vitiello@tfd.coplex.com
                                                                                                                           

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38796
From: peter@gort.trl.OZ.AU (Peter K. Campbell)
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!

ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout) writes:

>In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
>|> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
>|> 
>|> I have built it on 486 svr4, mips svr4s and Sun SparcStation.
>|> 
>|> There seems to be many bugs in it.  The 'dogfight' and 'dactyl' simply do nothing
>|> (After fixing a bug where a variable is defined twice in two different modules - One needed
>|> setting to static - else the client core-dumped)
>|> 
>|> Steve
>|> -- 
>|> 
>|>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts

I've tried compiling it on several SPARCstations with gcc 2.22.  After
fixing up a few bugs (3 missing constant definitions plus a couple of
other things) I got it to compile & link, but after starting client
& server I just get a black window; sometimes the client core dumps,
sometimes the server, sometimes I get a broken pipe, sometimes it
just sits there doing nothing although I occassionally get the
cursor to become a cross-hair in dog-fight, but that's it.  I've
sent word to the author plus what I did to fix it last week, but
no reply as yet.

Peter K. Campbell
p.campbell@trl.oz.au

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38797
From: kshin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Kevin Shin)
Subject: Graph Traversal Algorithms

Hi, Everyone.
I am  currently planning to write a program that traverses the
image of handwritten characters in ascii format and produces
circle and line representation of handwritten characters.
Did anybody out there has any experiences on this problem?
If you have would you post or e-mail to please
kevin

Does anyone has program that traverse the digital image and produces
circle and line
-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
KEVIN SHIN   kshin@bcstec.ca.boeing.com
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38798
From: dfr@usna.navy.mil (PROF D. Rogers (EAS FAC))
Subject: Re: Newsgroup Split

In article <C5r9BM.2LH@mach1.wlu.ca> mart4678@mach1.wlu.ca (Phil Martin u) writes:
!Chris Herringshaw (tdawson@engin.umich.edu) wrote:
!: Concerning the proposed newsgroup split, I personally am not in favor of
!: doing this.  I learn an awful lot about all aspects of graphics by reading
!: this group, from code to hardware to algorithms.  I just think making 5
!: different groups out of this is a wate, and will only result in a few posts
!: a week per group.  I kind of like the convenience of having one big forum
!: for discussing all aspects of graphics.  Anyone else feel this way?
!: Just curious.
!
!Yes. I also like knowing where to go to ask a question without getting
!hell for putting it in the wrong newsgroup.

I am also against splitting the group. The traffic will decrease
on any given subject but the required net bandwidth will INCREASE
because of multiply cross-postings.

I just went through this with another group I continuously read.
It is now almost at the point where it is no longer worth reading.

Strongly suggest NOT doing this.

Dave Rogers

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38799
From: exjob-17@dali.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Niclas Mattsson)
Subject: WANTED: Grayscale dithering routine

I have some color gifs which I would like to archive in a much smaller
size using a grayscale palette of 16 shades. The quantization to 16 grays
introduces some ugly bands in the pictures, which can be nicely eliminated
by dithering. Up to now I have used XV to process the images, but now I
would like to automate the procedure.

The problem is that XV can't (I think) convert images automatically, and the
obvious alternative PNMPLUS (PPMQUANT and PNMDITHER) don't even get close to
XV's quality. PNMDITHER apparently dithers in RGB, even though the images
are in grayscale. The dithering routine in XV seems to use the natural image
colors for the dither. Is this or any similar routine available in the
public domain? If so, where?  
-- 
Niclas Mattsson
exjob-17@math.chalmers.se

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38800
From: daruwala@slinky.ims (Raoul-Sam Daruwala)
Subject: VRrend386, where is it kept?

I'm told that VRrend386 is available on the internet. I wanted to know where it is.

Thanks in advance.

Raoul

daruwala@cs.nyu.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38801
From: gord@jericho.uucp (Gord Wait S-MOS Systems Vancouver Design Center)
Subject: Re: Rumours about 3DO ???

In article <1993Apr15.164940.11632@mercury.unt.edu> Sean McMains <mcmains@unt.edu> writes:
>Wow! A 68070! I'd be very interested to get my hands on one of these,
>especially considering the fact that Motorola has not yet released the
>68060, which is supposedly the next in the 680x0 lineup. 8-D

The 68070 is made by someone other than Motorola (Signetics perhaps),
and was (if memory serves me correctly) a 68000 compatible single chip
micro type chip. IE built in extra toys like serial ports, ram
interfaces etc. So, laugh all you want, but there is such a critter!
-- 
Gord Wait 	SMOS Systems Vancouver Design Centre
uunet!jericho!gord
gord%jericho@uunet.uu.net
or even some days

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38803
From: mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon)
Subject: Re: MGR NAPLPS & GUI BBS Frontends

>Hi all,
>I am looking into methods I can use to turn my Linux based BBS into a full color
>Graphical BBS that supports PC, Mac, Linux, and Amiga callers. 
>Originally I was inspired by the NAPLPS graphics standard (a summary of 
>which hit this group about 2 weeks ago). 

I posted that document (forgot part 1/6 etc) but it was more than a summary,
it was a complete technical description of the protocol. It can be ftped
from simtel or from wuarchive.wustl.edu in mirrors/msdos/naplps

>Following up on software availability of NAPLPS supporting software I find
>that most terminal programs are commercial the only resonable shareware one being
>PP3 which runs soley on MSDOS machines leaving Mac and Amiga users to buy full
>commercial software if they want to try out the BBS (I know I wouldn't)
>
>Next most interesting possibility is to port MGR to PC, Mac, Amiga. I

Why not write a NAPLPS decoder for your choice of platform and release the
code to the net? Then other willing souls can help port it to other platforms.
NAPLPS was designed for this type of online interactive graphics much the
same as X, but while X is intended for high-bandwidth network connections,
NAPLPS was optimized for low bandwidth modem connections.
>
>Is there a color version of MGR for Linux? 
>
>Does anyone have any other suggestions for a Linux based GUI BBS ?

I'm sure you will receive other suggestions but look at it this way. If you
wanted to provide a full network connection to Linux over a modem would you
use SLIP/PPP or would you invent some new way? Most people would say that
SLIP/PPP exist and are reasonably well designed protocols, so lets just
implement them. I see it the same way with NAPLPS. It is an existing, well
thought out, extensible protocol for online graphics, so why not implement
it.

If you need any advice on implementation, just e-mail me. I am currently
getting a beta version of my CorelDraw to NAPLPS converter working well
enough to release it by May 15. If you or someone else does not get going
on a freely available NAPLPS decoder, then I intend to do it after I get
a my conversion program out of beta, and get a couple of other things done.

-- 
Michael Dillon                 Internet: mpdillon@halcyon.halcyon.com
C-4 Powerhouse                  Fidonet: 1:353/350
RR #2 Armstrong, BC  V0E 1B0      Voice: +1-604-546-8022
Canada                              BBS: +1-604-546-2705

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38804
From: cesws@cc.newcastle.edu.au
Subject: patches for SUNGKS4.1 ?




Due to a number of bugs in GKS4.1 under SUNOS 4.1.3, I installed
patches 100533-15 and 100755-01. Patch 100533-15 appears to
work fine and has fixed a number of problems. Patch 100755-01,
however, which is required to fix a number of other annoying
bugs, breaks with our applications.

Is there a more recent revision of patch 10075?

Any other ideas?

Scott Sloan                      email   cesws@cc.newcastle.edu.au
University of Newcastle          fax     +61 49 216991
NSW
Australia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38805
From: weilej@cary115.its.rpi.edu (Jason Lee Weiler)
Subject: Re: need a viewer for gl files

In article <1qu36i$kh7@dux.dundee.ac.uk>, dwestner@cardhu.mcs.dundee.ac.uk (Dominik Westner) writes:
|> Hi, 
|> 
|> the subject says it all. Is there a PD viewer for gl files (for X)?
|> 
|> Thanks
|> 
|> 
|> Dominik
|> 

Dominik,

	Have you tried xgrasp?  It's out there on several ftp sites.(not sure which, but archie can find it, I'm sure.)  It works ok but it lacks an interface.

-Jason Weiler
<weilej@rpi.edu>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38806
From: matt-dah@dsv.su.se (Mattias Dahlberg)
Subject: Re: Psygnosis CD-I titles (was Re: Rumours about 3DO ???)

Mark Samson (samson@prlhp1.prl.philips.co.uk) wrote:

> Speaking of Psygnosis, they have licensed games to Philips Interative
> Media International for CD-I.

And for the Commodore CDTV.

--
=========================================================
=  Regards  =  email:              =  1280x512x262000+  = 
=  Mattias  =  matt-dah@dsv.su.se  =  I love it.        =
=========================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38807
Subject: Front end for POVRay
From: Tomasz.Piatek@comp.vuw.ac.nz (Tomasz Piatek)

G'day all!

Does anyone know anything about front end for POVRay (X11 version)?
I mean are there things like user friendly modeller for POVRay, or any
modellers which will let me design a scene and produce a file which POVRay
can then read?
Cheers,
Tomek

+------------------------------------------------------+
|  /\      tm                                          |
| /--\TOMEK     tpiatek@comp.vuw.ac.nz <-- New Zealand |
+------------------------------------------------------+

-- 
+------------------------------------------------------+
|  /\      tm                                          |
| /--\TOMEK     tpiatek@comp.vuw.ac.nz <-- New Zealand |
+------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38808
From: ing1023@ee.up.ac.za (ING1023)
Subject: Vatican library



 The Vatican library recently made a tour of the US.
 Can anyone help me in finding a FTP site where this collection is 
 available.

 Thanx in advance
 J. Watson

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38809
From: malek@pi.titech.ac.jp (Zidouri Abdelmalek 03/95)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42

>>>>> On Wed, 21 Apr 1993 08:29:03 GMT, se92psh@brunel.ac.uk (Peter Hauke) said:

Peter> joachim lous (joachim@kih.no) wrote:

Peter> : > Does anyone have any  other suggestions where the 42 came from?

Peter> Yep, here's a theory that I once heard bandied around.  Rather than thinking
Peter> of the number think of the sound. For Tea Two. A sort of anagram on Tea For Two,
Peter> Two for Tea, For Tea Two.
                    ~~~~~~~~~~~ 
Un other suggestion is there is no Tea above! It just 
And For Two many things are possible; think binary, + -, Y/N,
L/R, T/F  No wonder there was Eve for Adam! 

Peter> :-)
 
Malek :-) :-)

--
 Malek.
 
 "We cooperate in what we agree on, and forgive each other for that
  in which we disagree." Hassan El Banna.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38810
From: asecchia@cs.uct.ac.za (Adrian Secchia)
Subject: Raytracing Colours?

I have a question about recursive, backward raytracing.

When an incident ray (I) strikes an object at point P, first
the normal (N) is calculated. Light rays are calculated (L1 to Ln 
where n is the number of light sources) - these being the light
rays that do not intersect with anything. The reflected ray (R) and
the transmitted ray (T) is calculated from the formulae.

Calling the routine recursively on R and T will return the colours 
along the rays (R and T) as rCol and tCol. Each object has its own
colour oCol and each light source has liCol (1 <= i <= n).

The question is: 
  How do you combine rCol, tCol, oCol and all the liCol's to get
  the correct resulting colour to return along the I ray?

All colours are defined as strucures (records) having r, g, b components
between 0 and 1.

If anyone has done this before could you give me a few hints?

--
Adrian Secchia

asecchia@cs.uct.ac.za

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38811
From: doug@hparc0.aus.hp.com (Doug Parsons)
Subject: Re: 48-bit graphics...


Apollo (now HP) have a graphics board that does 80-bit graphics.  When I 
heard that, I jumped.  The answer isn't that it can do 100 trillion-trillion-
trillion colors.  It actually does 10 planes of 8-bits (or 5 planes of 16
bits, etc.)  for very fast graphics.

douginoz.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38812
From: jussi@tor.abo.fi (Jussi Laaksonen DC)
Subject: Lasergraphics Language ?

Hi!

We have an old Montage FR-1 35mm film recorder. When connected to a PC with
its processor card it can directly take HPGL, Targa and Lasergraphics Language
files. 24 bit Targa is quite OK for raster images, but conversion from 
whatever one happens to have can be quite slow. This Lasergraphics Language
seems to be (got the source file for one test image) a vector-based language
that can handle one million colors. It does some polygons too, and perhaps
something else ?

The question is, where can I find some information about this language ?
A FTP site, a book, a company address,.... ?

(OK, it would be nice to have a Windows driver for it, but I'm not THAT
optimistic...)

Thanks in advance for any help!

	jussi


--
	Jussi Laaksonen
        Computing Centre / ]bo Akademi University,  Finland


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38813
From: bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE (Florian Bockamp)
Subject: Matrox PG-1281 CV Windows driver



Hi!

I need a Windows 3.1 driver for the Matrox PG-1281 CV
SVGA card. 
At the moment Windows runs only in the 640x480 mode.
If you have a driver for this card, please send it 
with the OEMSETUP.INF to 

bockamp@Informatik.TU-Muenchen.DE

Thanks!

-- 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Florian Bockamp                                  '''            |
| bockamp@informatik.tu-muenchen.de               (o o)           |
+---------------------------------------------oOO--( )--OOo-------+
|                                                   -             |
|         "It's not a bug, it's an undocumented feature!"         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38814
From: dfr@usna.navy.mil (PROF D. Rogers (EAS FAC))
Subject: Re: Help needed on hidden line removal

In article <raynor.735415408@beech.cs.scarolina.edu> raynor@cs.scarolina.edu (Harold Brian Raynor) writes:
>
>I am looking for some information of hidden line removal using Roberts
>algorithm.  Something with code, or pseudo code would be especially
>helpful.
>
>I am required to do this for a class, due Monday (we have very little
>time to implement these changes, it is a VERY FAST paced class).  The
>notes given in class leave a LOT to be desired, so I would vastly
>appreciate any help.
>
>Actually any algorithm would be nice (Roberts or no).  The main problem
>is two objects intersecting in x and y dimensions, need to know which
>lines to clip off so that one object will appear in front of another.
>
>If you can give me an ftp address and filename, or even the name of a
>good book, I'd REALLY appreciate it.

G'day Brian,

I'll be blunt about this. The ONLY reasonable explanation of Roberts
algorithm is in

Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics
Rogers
McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1985

Go to the library and look at this.

There is also a somewhat muddled explanation in the first edition
of Newman and Sproull.

The algorithm described in PECG runs in near linear time.

Luck,

Dave Rogers

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38815
From: rickt@sapphire.zed.com (Rickey Thomas Tom)
Subject: wanted, how to do a screen dump of a VGA screen

	How can one dump to the printer, the content of a VGA screen. If it were
a text screen, we can execute a shift printscr. but with graphics, we have
to do a pixed by pixel print. It would be greatly appreciated if someone can
supply source code for this. Alternately, are there commercial or shareware
programs that are available to do this. I must be able to shell out of my 
program to execute this print screen.  Therefore, it would be prefferable to have source code.

Thank you in advance

-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rickey Tom                       | Internet Style: aruba!rickt@uu2.psi.com
Programmer/Analyst Project ZE    | UUCP          : ...!uunet!uupsi2!aruba!rickt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38816
From: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk (R Hawkes)
Subject: 3DS: Where did all the texture rules go?

Hi,

I've noticed that if you only save a model (with all your mapping planes
positioned carefully) to a .3DS file that when you reload it after restarting
3DS, they are given a default position and orientation.  But if you save
to a .PRJ file their positions/orientation are preserved.  Does anyone
know why this information is not stored in the .3DS file?  Nothing is
explicitly said in the manual about saving texture rules in the .PRJ file. 
I'd like to be able to read the texture rule information, does anyone have 
the format for the .PRJ file?

Is the .CEL file format available from somewhere?

Rych

======================================================================
Rycharde Hawkes				email: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk
Virtual Environment Laboratory
Dept. of Psychology			Tel  : +44 31 650 3426
Univ. of Edinburgh			Fax  : +44 31 667 0150
======================================================================

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38817
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: CorelDraw Bitmap to SCODAL


In article <1r1rsiINNld@zephyr.grace.cri.nz>, srlnjal@grace.cri.nz writes:

>Does anyone know of software that will allow
>you to convert CorelDraw (.CDR) files
>containing bitmaps to SCODAL, as this is the
>only format our bureau's filmrecorder recognises.

Corel Draw will do it; version 2 onwards. If you have version 1 perhaps an
upgrade is in order.

Another alternative would be to use a different bureau that can take PostScript.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38818
From: raj@phys.ksu.edu (S. Raj Chaudhury)
Subject: Re: Needed: Plotting package that does...

In <C5qGF5.K2I@alta-oh.com> chris@zeus.alta-oh.com (Chris Murphy) writes:

>In article <FULL_GL.93Apr18005752@dolphin.pts.mot.com>, full_gl@pts.mot.com (Glen Fullmer) writes:
>|> Looking for a graphics/CAD/or-whatever package on a X-Unix box that will
>|> take a file with records like:

>Hi,
>  See Roger Grywalski's response to :

>Re: Help on network visualization

>in comp.graphics.visualization.

Could someone please post Roger Grywalski's response?  Or point me to where
I could find it?

Thanks a lot,


S. Raj Chaudhury			|
Dept. of Physics    			|  raj@phys.ksu.edu
Kansas State University			|
Manhattan, KS 66506			|
--
S. Raj Chaudhury			|
Dept. of Physics    			|  raj@phys.ksu.edu
Kansas State University			|
Manhattan, KS 66506			|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38819
From: s127@ii.uib.no (Torgeir Veimo)
Subject: C++ classes for graphics

I'm planning on writing several classes to build a raytracing/radiosity library
on top of, and i'm wondering if anythink like this is freely available on the
net before i go to it. What i need is classes like rays, vectors, colors,
shaders, surfaces, media, primitives, worlds (containing primitives) and
views/images.

Please post or mail.
-- 
Torgeir Veimo

Studying at the University of Bergen

"...I'm gona wave my freak flag high!" (Jimi Hendrix)

"...and it would be okay on any other day!" (The Police)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38820
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: XV problems


In article <1r1iv3$cba@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana) writes:

>Recent discussion about XV's problems were held in some newsgroup.
>Here is some text users of XV might find interesting.

>(I have also minor ideas for 24bit XV, e-mail me for them.)

[Deleted for space; basically complaints that xv is an 8 bit program and that
making several modifications to the RGB sliders is slow because of screen updates.]

In reverse order:

1) Try clicking in the auto-apply box to switch it off. Then make your mods. Then
click on apply. There is no problem as stated; it has already been solved if you
look carefully.

2) Yes XV is an 8 bit program. This is not a bug. You can edit individual pallette
entries or do global colour changes; crop, scale etc. Clearly the program must
save out the *altered* image else all your work would be thrown away. So yes it
saves out 8 bit images - of course!

XV can import 24 bit images and quantises them down to 8 bits. This is a handy
facility, not a bug.

How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How would you group
'related' colours to edit them together? Only global changes could be done
unless the software were very different and much more complicated.

If you want to do colour editing on a 24 bit image, you need much more powerfull
software - which is readily available commercially.

And lastly, JPEG is a compression algorithm. It can be applied to any image of
arbitrary bit depth. Again, this is not a bug. It is a way of saving disk space
;-)

Later,

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38821
From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: Re: Vatican library

Reposted by request ... these images are great, but they are also LARGE
(1500x1500 pixels is a typical size).  Be warned.

			regards, tom lane

-------------
From: rsquires@cyclops.eece.unm.edu (Roger Squires)
Newsgroups: comp.archives
Subject: [rec.arts.books] Vatican Library Exhibit at Library of Congress ONLINE
Date: 14 Feb 1993 22:02:59 GMT
X-Original-Newsgroups: rec.arts.books
X-Original-Date: 1 Feb 1993 03:09:17 GMT

Archive-name: auto/rec.arts.books/Vatican-Library-Exhibit-at-Library-of-Congress-ONLINE


This is from another newsgroup; looks quite interesting...
rms


                           ANNOUNCING
                              a new
                         ONLINE EXHIBIT
                              from
                     THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS



     ROME REBORN: THE VATICAN LIBRARY & RENAISSANCE CULTURE

                        an Exhibit at the
                       Library of Congress
                      Washington, DC  20540

                 Available by anonymous FTP from
                          seq1.loc.gov
                         (140.147.3.12)

                      /pub/vatican.exhibit



ROME REBORN:  THE VATICAN LIBRARY AND RENAISSANCE CULTURE
presents some 200 of the Vatican Library's most precious
manuscripts, books, and maps--many of which played a key role in
the humanist recovery of the classical heritage of Greece and
Rome.  The exhibition presents the untold story of the Vatican
Library as the intellectual driving force behind the emergence of
Rome as a political and scholarly superpower during the
Renaissance.  The exhibit will be on display in the Jefferson
Building of the Library of Congress from January 8, 1993 through
April 30, 1993.  The online exhibit will be available by
anonymous FTP indefinitely.

     The exhibit is divided into nine (9) sections:  The Vatican
Library, Archaeology, Humanism, Mathematics, Music, Medicine &
Biology, Nature Described, A Wider World I: How the Orient Came
to Rome, and A Wider World II: How Rome Went to China.  Each
section consists of its own sub-directory within the /exhibit
directory and contains the exhibit text for that section and
separate JPEG image files for each object.  This online exhibit
includes not only objects from the Library of Congress exhibit,
but also the alternate objects (brought from Rome to be used if
there were a problem with one of the primary objects) and items
omitted later in the planning process.

     This exhibit will be of interest to Medieval and Renaissance
scholars in particular, but also to art historians, historians of
science or medicine, early music scholars, students of the
humanist movement, students of printing and the printed word,
theologians, scholars of both Far and Near Eastern studies, and
to librarians and information professionals.  Please get the
README file for details on what files this exhibit contains.  If
you have questions about how to use FTP, speak to your local
computer support person.  If you have questions or comments about
the CONTENT of the exhibit, please write to vatican@kell.loc.gov
while if you have any questions or comments on the SYSTEM please
contact me.

-- K.D. Ellis

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
   K.D. Ellis
   Special Projects Office
   Library of Congress
   Washington, DC  20540-9100
   Internet:  kell@seq1.loc.gov

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38822
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: CorelDraw BITMAP to SCODAL (2)


In article <1r4gmgINN8fm@zephyr.grace.cri.nz>, srlnjal@grace.cri.nz writes:

>Yes I am aware CorelDraw exports in SCODAL.
>Version 2 did it quite well, apart from a
>few hassles with radial fills. Version 3 RevB
>is better but if you try to export in SCODAL
>with a bitmap image included in the drawing
>it will say something like "cannot export
>SCODAL with bitmap"- at least it does on my
>version.

Oh. OK then, sorry for misunderstanding.

> If anyone out there knows a way around this
>I am all ears.
> Temporal images make a product called Filmpak
>which converts Autocad plots to SCODAL, postscript
>to SCODAL and now GIF to SCODAL but it costs $650
>and I was just wondering if there was anything out
>there that just did the bitmap to SCODAL part a tad
>cheaper.

Maybee you should persuade your burea that for only $650 they can become much
more competitive, taking input from Autocad, PostScript andGif as well as
SCODL... 

Seriously, this sounds like something the bureau should have. Or find another
bureau. You should not be the one buting this software.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38823
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?


In article <C5w8xB.Iv6@world.std.com>, wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael) writes:

>    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
>    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
>    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac.

Corel Draw 4 will be able to do this as it will include the Photopaint stuff that 
the PC version got with version 3. Don't hold your breath though.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk  
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38824
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: 48-bit graphics...


In article <1993Apr24.201117.26232@cs.wisc.edu>, oehler@yar.cs.wisc.edu (Wonko
the Sane) writes:

>	I was recently talking to a possible employer ( mine! :-) ) and he made a
>reference to a 48-bit graphics computer/image processing system.  I seem to
>remember it being called IMAGE or something akin to that.  Anyway, he claimed
>it had 48-bit color + a 12-bit alpha channel.  That's 60 bits of info--what
>could that possibly be for?  Specifically the 48-bit color?  That's 280
>trillion colors, many more than the human eye can resolve.  Is this an
>anti-aliasing thing?  Or is this just some magic number to make it work better
>with a certain processor.

Well 48 bit colour *could* be for improved resolution but 16 bits per channel
seems like a bit excessive. I have seen a paper that quoted 10 bits per channel
of 12 bits for computational precision. More than that would seem to be wasted.

Perhaps the frame buffer uses another colourspace which needs more bits to
represent the full range - RGB is a cube so it is a compact encoding.

Most likely however is that there are two separate 24 bit (8 bits per component)
frame buffers. This set up, called double buffering, allows a complex 3d picture
to be built up on one buffer while the other buffer (containing the previous
frame) is displayed. This makes for smoother animation.

>(sadly, I have access to none of them.  Just a DEC 5000/25.  Sigh.)

Well hey if you want to brag about numbers, the 5000 range can take a PXG Turbo+
card with 96 bits per pixel. Full double buffering (Two 24 bit buffers), a 24
bit Z buffer and an extra 24 bit buffer for off screen image storage.

Mind you the card costs more than your workstation.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38826
From: Jennifer Lynn Urso <ju23+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

>    Also if anyone else is doing what I am planning I would be happy to hear
>from you with any advice you might provide as to the computer system you
>use and/or any peripherals or software.  It seemed the Quadra 800 would be
>my best bet to modify photographic images.  I am planning on buying a Quadra
>800 with 32Megs of RAM, a 510Meg Hard Drive, a 1200 dpi scanner, 17" Sony 
>monitor and a 88Meg cartridge drive and perhaps a CD ROM.  I am new to
>computers and any advice would be great.
 
well, i have lots of experience with scanning in images and altering
them.  as for changing them back into negatives, is that really possible?
scanning and altering is no big deal. i don't know what types of
features you have in your version of photoshop.  but the one i use
(which, incidentally is on a quadra) has gallery effects and all types
of other neato stuff.
i'm just wondering why you would want to put your images back into
negatives, because once you print the image out-that's your print.
do you know what exactly your aim is in all of this?  like, are you
doing this just for fun, for a business, to gain more computer
knowledge, for a project you're working on....
otherwise, i guess i don't know if i'd be helping or not by posting info
on scanning and stuff.
ok?  cool.
seeya

jennifer urso:  the oh-so bitter woman of utter blahness(but cheerful
undertones)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38827
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer


In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:

>I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
>images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
>graphics board running X11.

Utah raster toolkit using getx11. Convert your sun raster files (presumably) to 
ppm with the pbm+ toolkit then convert ppm to utah rle format with ppmtorle which
is provided in the toolkit.

I seem to remember that Xloadimage can do 24 bit servers too.

Possibly xwud the x window un-dump program can display 24 bit images; certainly
xwd can grab them.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk  
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38829
From: jhpark@cs.utexas.edu (Jihun Park)
Subject: POVray : tga -> rle

Hello,
I have some problem in converting tga file(generated by POVray) to
rle file. When I convert, I do not get any warning message. But
if I use xloadimage/getx11, something is wrong.

Error messages are,
% targatorle -o o.rle data.tga
% xloadimage o.rle
o.rle is a 0x0 24 bit RLE image with no map (will dither to 8 bits), with gamma of 1.00
  Dithering image...done
  Building XImage...done
xloadimage: X Error: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation) on 0x0
xloadimage: X Error: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) on 0xb00003
......

I know that I need to install ppmtorle and tgatoppm, but I do not spend
time to install them. Even I do not want to generate .rgb from POVray
and then convert them to rle, if possible.(.rgb to rle works, but
it will mess up my directory with so many files, and it needs 2 more
steps to finally convert to rle file. say cat | rawtorle | rleflip )
Does any body out there have same experience/problems ?

Thanks in advance,
---
J. Park

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38830
From: baer@qiclab.scn.rain.com (Ken Baer)
Subject: Re: WANTED: Playmation Info

In article <1993Apr26.173254.12871@qiclab.scn.rain.com> baer@qiclab.scn.rain.com (Ken Baer) writes:
>In article <1993Apr22.205418.27411@osf.org> omar@godzilla.osf.org (Mark Marino) writes:
>>Hi Folks,
>>
>>   Does anyone have a copy of Playmation they'd be willing to sell me.  I'd 
>>love to try it out, but not for the retail $$$.
>
>Playmation is available direct from Anjon & Associates for $299.  

Oops, forgot the phone number.  It's 1-800-377-8287.




-- 
 \_       -Ken Baer.  Programmer/Animator, Hash Enterprises
<[_]   Usenet: baer@qiclab.UUCP / AppleLink: KENBAER / Office: (206)573-9427
 =# \,  "We're not hitchhiking anymore, we're RIDING!" - Ren Hoak.   

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38831
From: <JIANGY@QUCDN.QueensU.CA>
Subject: Please Help: Point in concave Polyhedra

Dear Netters:


I am looking for C source code to test if a 3D point lies within a

concave polyhadra. I have read a few articles about this and know

that two solutions exist: parity counting and angle sumation. Both


ideas are pretty simple but coding is not. So I wonder if there exists

public domain source code for this.

    Another 'rough' solition (don't care special cases) is ray-casting

which is reported to be more or less independent of number of faces

consisting the polyhedra if a special space indexing is used
(M. Tamminen, et. al., 1984. "Ray-casting and block model conversion
using a spatial index". Computer-Aided-Designs. 4, 1984, 60-65).
But the prerequirement is that all the facets of polyhedra have their
normal pointing outside of polyhedra. How this could be done in practice ?
I have a set of trangles consisting the polyhedra. How could I ensure their
normals pointing outside the polyhedra ? The paper mentioned above assumed
this is already the case.


   I have also read some standard computer graphics textbook about hidden
line removal. It says "if we make the rule that the normal of a facet pointing

toward viewer standing far away from the polyhedra...". Again how to make
sure ?


   Any pointers are welcome ?


   Yaohong Jiang
   Queen's University
   Kingston, Ont.

   Jiangy@qucdn.queensu.ca

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38832
From: "kwansik kim" <kkim@cs.indiana.edu>
Subject: Triangulized Data Wanted : with texture to be mapped.

I need triangulized data of some nice looking model with some
texture mapping. It would be better if the parametric values
of each vertex( for the surface before triangulized ) are
avaliable along with the Euclidean points so that we
could use them for texture mapping.

Thanks, Kwansik




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38833
From: "kwansik kim" <kkim@cs.indiana.edu>
Subject: Where is FAQ ?

Where can I find it ?

Thanks, Kwansik


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38834
From: zlg1409@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Zhenhai Li )
Subject: What is the difference between Raytracing and rendering?


Hello, I've raytraced and rendered and the only difference I've found 
is that raytracing takes a hell of a lot longer. Am I missing
something?

Later,
Z.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38835
From: mek@hydrox.enet.dec.com (Mark Klamerus)
Subject: re: TIFF complexity


	Anyone who thinks that TIFF is too complex hasn't dealt with
	CGM, ASN.1, CDA, DCA, SGML, or any one of a number of other
	very successful file format.  People seem perfectly capable
	dealing with these others.  Dealing with the format of TIFF
	is frankly less difficult than dealing with the DCT, LZW, and
	FAX encoding of the image data.  The majority of the libraries
	which deal with TIFF are dedicated to these other issues rather
	than with simply decoding the tags and parameters.

	Perhaps people are overwhelmed in comparison with some rather
	simpleminded formats such as GIF, PCX, and BMP, but to suggest
	that TIFF is so complex as to be doomed to failure is ludicrous.

	That doesn't mean that GIF isn't fine, but don't even thing about
	using it in many instances.  GIF is very nice for use in low-end
	photos applications and for screen grabs and such, but it would
	never do for high-volume or high-resolution systems.  FAX is nice,
	but it doesn't do color (and GIF doesn't do B&W all that well).
	JPEG is nice for high-resolution color, but is slow for low-end.

	The advantage TIFF brings to the table is its ability to handle
	all these situations (and then some).  Naturally it's more complex.
	But I'ld rather propose TIFF imaging solutions over imaging
	systems based on having to deal with 3-4 file formats anyday.

	You may find that TIFF is too complicated for your personal tastes
	but please don't wrail against it's complexity.  The complexity
	it contains is required to provide the functionality it does and
	doesn't come close to the complexity found in most commercially
	viable file formats.


	If we're in philosophical arguments against complexity, let's all
	go program in scheme and forth and do imaging with run length
	encoding.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38836
Subject: DXF to PCX,GIF,TIF or TGA?
From: murashiea@mail.beckman.com (Ed Murashie)

Does anyone know of a program for the PC that
will take AutoCad DXF format files and convert
them to a raster format, like PCX, GIF, etc?
Thanks in advance....
				ED

------------------
Ed Murashie                     US Mail :  Beckman Instruments Inc.
phone: (714) 993-8895                      Diagnostic System Group 
fax:   (714) 961-3759                      200 S. Kraemer Blvd  W-361
Internet: murashiea@mail.beckman.com       Brea, Ca 92621  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38837
From: matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu (Eliza Strickler)
Subject: I donwloaded a .bin file from a unix machine - now what?

I just donwloaded a *.bin file from a unix machine which is
supposed to be converted to a MAC format. Does anyone know 
what I need to do to this file to get it into any Dos, Mac
or Unix readable format. Someone mentioned fetch on the unix
machine - is this correct? Could someone explain the .bin
format a little?

Thanks,

Elizabeth
-- 


\|/--_   -_-      ----           ###         _- ----------------------
-0    -_-   --       -__ %~- ____#0        _-   Elizabeth Strickler
|\     ^                 0\~     /\   /\  -     
|_(___/ \_    ||_________/     _/  |_/  \_      matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38838
From: push@world.std.com (Warren Liu)
Subject: Help 3D Studio IPAS.



Hi. Can anyone please give me some ftp sites to get IPAS processes for
3D Studio 2.0?
Thanks.
+Warren =8^)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38839
From: gotsman@csa.technion.ac.il (Craig Gotsman)
Subject: Computer Graphics studies at the Technion

     Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
         Department of Computer Science

       GRADUATE STUDIES IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS

Applications are invited for graduate students wishing
to specialize in computer graphics and related fields.
Active research is being conducted in the fields of
image rendering, geometric modelling and computer animation.
State of the art graphics workstations (Sun, Silicon Graphics)
and video equipment are available.
The Technion offers full scholarship support (tuition and 
assistantships) for suitable candidates.

For more information contact

Dr. Craig Gotsman
Computer Science Deptartment 
Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
Haifa 32000, Israel
gotsman@cs.technion.ac.il



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38840
From: boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert)
Subject: .DWG/.GCD/3DD Formats Reference Needed

Can some kind soul point me to references for the above formats?

Thanks,

Earl


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38841
From: boebert@sctc.com (Earl Boebert)
Subject: Any Autodesk 3D Concepts Users Out There?

If you are a user of Autodesk 3D Concepts, and are willing to answer
a small number of short questions, then please send me Email.

Earl (boebert@sctc.com)



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38842
From: hollasch@kpc.com (Steve Hollasch)
Subject: Re: Raytracing Colours?

asecchia@cs.uct.ac.za (Adrian Secchia) writes:
| When an incident ray (I) strikes an object at point P ...  The reflected
| ray (R) and the transmitted ray (T) is calculated from the formulae.
| 
| Calling the routine recursively on R and T will return the colours 
| along the rays (R and T) as rCol and tCol. Each object has its own
| colour oCol and each light source has liCol (1 <= i <= n).
| 
| The question is: 
|   How do you combine rCol, tCol, oCol and all the liCol's to get
|   the correct resulting colour to return along the I ray?

    First of all (this is NOT a snide response), if you're confused about
this issue, you will stumble over a lot of other things as well.  I suggest
that the weakness is your reference material.  Get "An Introduction to Ray
Tracing" by Andrew Glassner for very good coverage of the raytracing
algorithm.  You could also refer to the 2nd edition of Foley & Van Dam.

    On to the question.  The simple answer is that you just keep adding up
all the contributions and then clamping at the maximum intensity.  For
example, if your intensity values range from 0.0 to 1.0, then keep adding up
and clamp the resultant values to 1.0 (you might have to clamp the lower
bound to 0.0 if you have dark bulbs, but that's another issue =^).  So, you
get some illumination equation like this:

        I = Lambient + Ldiffuse(light[n]) + Lreflected + Ltransparent

    The contribution due to reflection is just summed with the light
intensity, as is the light due to transparency.  Now, a slightly less
hand-waving illumination equation is this:

        I = KaLa + KdLd(light[n]) + KrLr + KtLt

    That is, each component of the illumination equation is governed by the
material constants Ka, Kd, Kr and Kt.  So the maximum you can get from
transparency for a given object, for example, might be [0.4, 0.1, 0.5] for a
purple-colored glass object.

    Hopefully this answers your question.  I'll forward my "illumination
equation sermon" to you also.

______________________________________________________________________________
Steve Hollasch                                   Kubota Pacific Computer, Inc.
hollasch@kpc.com                                 Santa Clara, California

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38843
From: hollasch@kpc.com (Steve Hollasch)
Subject: Re: What is the difference between Raytracing and rendering?

zlg1409@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Zhenhai Li ) writes:
| Hello, I've raytraced and rendered and the only difference I've found 
| is that raytracing takes a hell of a lot longer. Am I missing something?

    Yes.  There are many methods of rendering, raytracing is one of them.
You didn't say what you mean by rendering, so I won't guess.  Methods of
rendering include:

        o  Pencil and graph paper, doing the math by hand

        o  Wireframe rendering of the 2D projection

        o  Hidden line rendering

        o  Scanline rendering using:
            - Painter's algorithm.
            - BSP trees.
            - Z buffer
            - Other

        o  Raytracing

        o  Radiosity

        o  Holographic projection to film

        o  Combination of any of the above

______________________________________________________________________________
Steve Hollasch                                   Kubota Pacific Computer, Inc.
hollasch@kpc.com                                 Santa Clara, California

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38844
Subject: DNA Helix
From: tlynch@nermal.santarosa.edu (Tim Lynch)

Looking for a TIFF/EPS of a DNA Helix.  E-mail any auggestions, please.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38845
From: niko@iastate.edu (Nikolaus E Schuessler)
Subject: Re: I donwloaded a .bin file from a unix machine - now what?

In article <matess.735934793@gsusgi1.gsu.edu> matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu (Eliza Strickler) writes:
>I just donwloaded a *.bin file from a unix machine which is
>supposed to be converted to a MAC format. Does anyone know 
>what I need to do to this file to get it into any Dos, Mac
>or Unix readable format. Someone mentioned fetch on the unix
>machine - is this correct? Could someone explain the .bin
>format a little?
>

This is almost certainly a MacBinary file which is an encoded version
of a mac file so the Resource fork and Data fork get preserved.
You need a program that converts this to a regular file. If this is a
macbinary file, you may have downloaded it in Text mode and is probably
corrupt (if you did). If you're using FTP to transfer it at any point make sure
you type "binary" first.

If you can open the file with a text editor and find
(This file must be converted with Bin....
at the top, it is a BinHex file and can be decoded with
BinHex 4.0 (among other programs).

-- 
Niko Schuessler               
Project Vincent Systems Manager              email: niko@iastate.edu
Iowa State University Computation Center     voice: (515) 294-1672
Ames IA 50011                                snail: 291 Durham 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38846
From: edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed Pimentel)
Subject: RFD: comp.multimedia.open-telematic

                                  RFD
                          Request For Discussion
                                for the
                          OPEN  TELEMATIC GROUP

                                  OTG

I have proposed the forming of a consortium/task force for the
promotion of NAPLPS/JPEG, FIF to openly discuss ways, method,
procedures,algorythms, applications, implementation, extensions of
NAPLPS/JPEG standards.  These standards should facilitate the creation
of REAL_TIME Online applications that make use of Voice, Video,
Telecommuting, HiRes graphics, Conferencing, Distant Learning, Online
order entry, Fax,in addition these dicussion would assist all to
better understand how SGML, CALS, ODA, MIME, OODBMS, JPEG, MPEG,
FRACTALS, SQL, CDrom, cdromXA, Kodak PhotoCD, TCL, V.FAST, and
EIA/TIA562, can best be incorporated and implemented to develop
TELEMATIC/Multimedia applications.

We want to be able to support DOS, UNIX, MAC, WINDOWS, NT, OS/2
platforms.  It is our hope that individuals, developers, corporations,
Universities, R & D labs would join in in supporting such an endeavor.

This would be a NOT_FOR_PROFIT group with bylaws and charter. Already
many corporations have decided to support OTG (Open TELEMATIC Group) so
do not delay joining if you are a developer

An RFD has been posted to form a usenet newsgroup and a FAQ will soon
be be composed to start promulgating what is known on the subject.  If
you would like to be added to the maillist send email or mail to the
address below.

This group would publish an electronic quarterly NAPLPS/JPEG
newsletter as well as a hardcopy version.  We urge all who wants to
see CMCs HiRes based applications & the NAPLPS/JPEG G R O W, decide to
join and mutually benefit from this NOT-FOR_PROFIT endeavor.

NOTE: Telematic has been defined by Mr. James Martin as the marriage
      of Voice, Video, Hi-res Graphics, Fax, IVR, Music over telephone
      lines/LAN.

If you would like to get involve write to me at:

  IMG Inter-Multimedia Group| Internet:  epimntl@world.std.com
  P.O. Box 95901            |            ed.pimentel@gisatl.fidonet.org
  Atlanta, Georgia, US      | CIS     :  70611,3703
                            | FidoNet :  1:133/407
                            | BBS     :  +1-404-985-1198 zyxel 14.4k
-- 
edimg@willard.atl.ga.us (Ed pimentel)
gatech!kd4nc!vdbsan!willard!edimg
emory!uumind!willard!edimg
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38847
From: deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud)
Subject: WANTED: 24 bit viewer

Hello,

Thanks to the people who helped me with the problem of
displaying 24 bit images. All the viewers like xli,
xloadimage and display are converting the 24 bit images
to 8 bit before display them on the screen.

What I really want is a viewer with make use of the 24 bit
frame/screen buffer (in our case, the Parallax one).

Thanks in advance.

Gilles

PS:  We are using a Sun Sparc running X11.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38848
From: stein@watson.ibm.com (Arthur Stein)
Subject: Scientific Visualization of Chemical Systems

molecules has evolved from an esoteric academic subject into
a  international  industry. Computer  graphics has played  a
decisive role in this transformation by allowing chemists to
build, visualize and interact with complex geometrical objects.
 
While computer scientists are conversant in the language of their
own discipline, they are often unfamiliar with the terminology,
simulation techniques and practical needs of research chemists.
Similarly, chemists are often unfamiliar with the latest paradigms
and technological advances in graphical computing.
 
This interdisciplinary course is intended to bridge the gap
between computer science and chemistry and to equip chemistry
researchers who wish to be more than just casual users of
prepackaged graphics software. Although this is not intended to
be a course in computational chemistry or drug design, data sets
from chemical research problems will be used in lab and students
will be encouraged to bring data sets of their own. Lab exercises
and projects will be carried out using data-flow programming
(IBM Visualization Data Explorer software) and students will have
access to Cornell Theory Center computing resources, including video
recording equipment.
 
Audience:  researchers and students in the chemical and biological
           sciences interested in integrating state-of-the-art
           computer graphics into their research; computer scientists
           wishing to gain familiarity with a major application of
           scientific visualization.
 
           The class size will be limited to 25 participants on a
           first-come first-served basis.
 
Level:     Graduate/advanced undergraduate, 1 or 2 Credits. May be taken
           without credit as a workshop. Calculus, linear algebra
           and introductory chemistry required. Familiarity with Unix,
           X-windows and C is useful but not required.
 
Date:   June 14-25, 1993  (2 Credits)
        June 14-18, 1993  (1 or 0 credits)
 
Time:   Mon-Fri 9:00 am to 12:00 pm and 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm
 
Cost:   0 or 1 credit       $410
        2 credits           $820
 
Format
 
The course will be held in the Theory Center training facility
where computer workstations will be available.  Daily lectures will be
interspersed with laboratory exercises and ample time will be provided
for project enablement and familiarization with the new computing
environment. Students enrolled for one credit will be graded on the basis
of their laboratory exercises and short final project. Those enrolled
for a second credit will receive more advanced lectures, be given
more time for project development and meet daily to share experience
and discuss problems encountered.
 
Content (may vary)
 
    Elements of computer graphics
         polygonal rendering, lighting models, ray tracing, volumetric
         rendering, stereo graphics, animation, introduction to data-flow
         programming (DX), interactivity.
 
    Representing the atom
         size, time and energy scales
         basic classical and quantum mechanics
 
    Important categories of molecules
         small molecules, biopolymers, surfaces and catalysts,
         miscellaneous current applications
 
    Data formats and conversions
 
    Advanced molecular graphics techniques
 
    Types of simulation and experiment
         electronic structure, molecular dynamics/mechanics
         electrostatics, X-ray crystallography, NMR, quantum
         dynamics and spectroscopy.
 
Instructors
 
The course will be taught by two instructors. Topics related to computer
graphics will be handled by Dr. Bruce Land, Project Leader of Visualization,
Cornell National Supercomputing Facility. Chemistry-specific aspects
of the course will be handled by Dr. Richard E. Gillilan, Visualization
Specialist and Research Scientist, Cornell National Supercomputing Facility
 
TO REGISTER:  mail completed form to
 
              Cornell University
              School of Continuing Education
              and Summer Sessions
              B20 Day Hall
              Ithaca, NY 14853-2801
 
Questions:  Richard Gillilan (607) 254-8757
            richard@tc.cornell.edu
 
IMPORTANT: Acceptance will be first-come, first-served and based
           on a target class size of 15 full-credit and 10 single
           or non-credit participants.
 
DEADLINE:   May 20, 1993
 
 
----------------------- Application Form ----------------------
 
         Scientific Visualization of Chemical Systems
 
            Chemistry 782    Computer Science 718
 
U.S. Social Security number (if available) _____ - ___ - _______
 
Cornell ID number (if available) ________________
 
Name: _______________________________________________________________
         Last            First         Middle        Suffix (Jr, etc)
 
Address: _____________________________________________________________
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
 
Home Address (where grades will be mailed):
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
         _____________________________________________________________
 
Local Phone ________________   Home Phone _______________
 
 
Academic Discipline _____________________________
 
 
Course number (check one):   __ Chemistry  __ Computer Science
 
Credits:       __.__
 
Status:     __ Undergraduate Student   __ Smart Node Consultant
            __ Graduate Student        __ Smart Node Advisor
            __ Post-Doctoral
            __ Faculty                 __ Other (explain) _______________
 
Corporate Commercial
 
            __ Research Staff          __ Other (explain) ______________
 
Name of Firm ___________________________________________________________
 
Indicate which of the following best describes you (optional):
 
  __ African American  __ Alaskan Native     __ Asian American
  __ Caucasian         __ Hispanic American  __ Native American
 
List special needs (e.g. mobility impaired): ____________________________
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
Accommodations:
 
Blocks of rooms are available at the Sheraton. Reservations
must be made no later than May 17. Be sure to tell them you
are here for the "Cornell Theory Center Visualization Workshop".
 
    Sheraton Inn
         One Sheraton Drive, Ithaca
         (607) 257-2000
         FAX: 607-257-398
         Rates starting at $64.00
 
Other local motels (Make your reservation early! Our
workshop coincides with other Cornell events)
 
Econo Lodge
        Cayuga Mall 2303 N. Triphammer Rd. Ithaca
        (607) 257-1400
        (800) 466-6900
        FAX: (607) 257-6359
        Rates from $35.10 (ask for the Cornell Rate)
 
 
Dorm rooms have also been reserved participants
(both credit and non-credit). Participants who
are interested in dorm rooms should call (below)
for registration information:
 
Jeanne Miller (607) 254-8813 or Donna Smith (607) 254-8614
email: jeanne@tc.cornell.edu or donna@tc.cornell.edu
 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38849
From: Andrey V. Shorin <tolsty@nsk.uucp.free.msk.su>
Subject: Analysis on text readins utils (OCR) wanted (IBM PC)

	From tolsty Thu Apr 23 21:32:35 1992
	To: newsserv@newcom.kiae.su
	Newsgroups: comp.periphs,comp.graphics.digest,comp.graphics,comp.binaries.ibm.pc.wanted,alt.graphics.pixutils,bit.listserv.omrscan
	Message-Id: <KAJ3nzfm0W@nsk.uucp.free.msk.su>
	Organization: NSK RAN
	From: Andrey V. Shorin <tolsty@nsk.uucp.free.msk.su>
	Date: Thu, 23 Apr 1992 21:32:35 +0200
	Subject: Analysis on text reading utils needed (IBM PC)
	Distribution: msk
	
	Hi!
	Does anybody know any reliable utils to read english texts with scanner?
	I want some analysis on quality of recognition, because I want to read
	texts which I get by fax ( you know -- quality on faxes is rather bad ).
	The scanner I have is B&W and 300dpi. But if there exist any good software
	that needs other specifications, that will be OK.
	
	Please, send messages to my E-mail or on conference server, I'll summarize
	them and consider your recomendations.
	
	THANK YOU!!!
	--
	   Andrey V. Shorin
	 
	   Scientific Council on Complex Problem "Cybernetics",
	   Russian Academy of Sciences
	 
	   E-mail:       tolsty@nsk.uucp.free.msk.su
	   Tel/fax:      (095) 129-0797
	


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38850
From: pdenize@waikato.ac.nz
Subject: Cross, Sobel & Roberts Filters ?


I saw an imaging program some time ago on an Amiga that had
Cross, Sobel and Roberts filters for edge detection. 

Can anybody direct me to these algorithms.

Paul Denize

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paul Denize                                Internet: PDenize@Waikato.ac.nz
Department of Computer Science
University of Waikato                         phone: ++64 7 8562-889
Hamilton                                                          Ext 8743
NEW ZEALAND                                   fax  : ++64 7 8560-135
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38851
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (27 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 1/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part1
Last-modified: 1993/04/27


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 1/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 27 April 1993

Many FAQs, including this Listing, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing the keyword "help" (without
quotes!) in the message body.

You can see in many other places for this Listing. See the item:

0. Places to find the Resource Listing

for more information.

Items Changed:
--------------

RE-ARRANGED the subjects, in order to fir better in the 63K/article limit.
I PLAN ON CHANGING HEADERS SOON, SO BE CAREFUL! ONLY THE "Resource Listing"
keys are sure to remain in the Subject: line!

3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
9. Plotting packages

[ I'm thinking of making this post bi-weekly. What do you think??? ]

--------------

Lines which got changed, have the `#' character in front of them.
Added lines are prepended with a `+'
Removed lines are just removed. Use 'diff' to locate these changes.

========================================================================

This text is (C)Copyright 1992, 1993 of Nikolaos C. Fotis. You can copy
freely this file, provided you keep this copyright notice intact.

Compiled by Nikolaos (Nick) C. Fotis, e-mail: nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Please contact me for updates,corrections, etc.

Disclaimer: I do not guarantee the accuracy of this document.
Use it at your own risk.

========================================================================

This is mainly a guide for computer graphics software.
I would suggest reading the Comp. Graphics FAQ for image analysis stuff.

It's entitled: 
 (date) comp.graphics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

 John T. Grieggs <grieggs@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov> is the poster of the
 official comp.graphics FAQ

I have included my comments within braces '[' and ']'.

Nikolaos Fotis

========================================================================

Contents of the Resource Listing
================================

PART1:
------
0. Places to find the Resource Listing
1. ARCHIE
2. Notes
3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists.
6.  3D graphics editors
   a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
   b. Commercial systems
7. Scene description languages
8. Solids description formats

PART2:
------

9. Plotting packages
10. Image analysis software - Image processing and display

PART3:
------
11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data.
13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
   a. Ray tracing
   b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
   c. Others
15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
   a. Teapot ?
   b. Space Shuttle ?
16. Image annotation software
17. Scientific visualization stuff
18. Molecular visualization stuff
19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)

Future additions:
[Please send me updates/info!]

========================================================================

0. Places to find the Resource Listing
======================================

This file is crossposted to comp.graphics, comp.answers and news.answers,
so if you can't locate it in comp.graphics, you're advised to search in
comp.answers or news.answers
(The latter groups usually are archived in your site. Contact your sysadmin
for more info).

These 3 articles are posted to comp.graphics 3-4 times a month and are kept in
many places (see below)

--

Many FAQs, including this one, are available on the archive site
pit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directory
pub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appears
in the Archive-name line at the top of the article.
This FAQ is archived as graphics/resources-list/part[1-3]

There's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing: help in the Subject: field

--

The inria-graphlib mail server mirrors this posting (see under the
Subject 4: Mail servers )

--

The Resource Listing is accesible through WAIS in the machine
enuxva.eas.asu.edu (port 8000) under the name graphics-resources-list.
It's got a digest-type line before every numbered item for purposes of
indexing.

--

Another place that monitors the Listing is the MaasInfo files.
For more info contact Robert E. Maas <rem@btr.com>

--

Yet another place to search for FAQs in general is the SWITCH
(Swiss Academic and Research Network) system in Switzerland:

interactive:
  telnet nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40], login as "info". Move to the
  info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings directory. Search in the
  00index file by typing "/" and the word to look for.
  You may then just read the FAQ in the "faqs" directory, or decide
  to fetch it by one of the following methods.

ftp:
  login to nic.switch.ch [130.59.1.40] as user anonymous and
  enter your internet-style address after being prompted for a
  password.

	cd info_service/Usenet/periodic-postings

mail:
  send e-mail to

RFC-822:
   archive-server@nic.switch.ch
X.400:
  /S=archive-server/OU=nic/O=switch/PRMD=switch/ADMD=arcom/C=ch/

Enter 'help' in the bodypart to receive instructions. No information
is required in the subject header line.


1. ARCHIE
=========

The Archie is a service system to locate FTP places for
requested files. It's appreciated that you will use Archie
before asking help in the newsgroups.

Archie servers:
  archie.au or 139.130.4.6             (Aussie/NZ)
  archie.funet.fi or 128.214.6.100  (Finland/Eur.)
  archie.th-darmstadt.de or 130.83.128.111  (GER.)
  cs.huji.ac.il or 132.65.6.5             (Israel)
  archie.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp or 130.54.20.1 (JAPAN)
  archie.sogang.ac.kr or 163.239.1.11      (Korea)
  archie.ncu.edu.tw or telnet 140.115.19.24  (TWN)
  archie.doc.ic.ac.uk or 146.169.3.7  (UK/Ireland)
  archie.sura.net or 128.167.254.179    (USA [MD])
  archie.unl.edu (password: archie1)    (USA [NE])
  archie.ans.net or 147.225.1.2         (USA [NY])
  archie.rutgers.edu or 128.6.18.15     (USA [NJ])
  archie.nz or 130.195.9.4           (New Zealand)

Connect to Archie server with telnet and type "archie" as username.
To get help type 'help'.
You can get 'xarchie' or 'archie', which are clients that call Archie
without the burden of a telnet session.
'Xarchie' is on the X11.R5 contrib tape, and 'archie' on comp.sources.misc,
vol. 27.

To get information on how to use Archie via e-mail, send mail with
subject "help" to "archie" account at any of above sites.

(Note to Janet/PSS users -- the United Kingdom archie site is
accessible on the Janet host doc.ic.ac.uk [000005102000].
Connect to it and specify "archie" as the host name and "archie" as
the username.)

==========================================================================

2. Notes
========
(Excerpted from the FAQ article)

Please do *not* post or mail messages saying "I can't FTP, could
someone mail this to me?"  There are a number of automated mail servers
that will send you things like this in response to a message.

There are a number of sites that archive the Usenet sources newsgroups
and make them available via an email query system.  You send a message
to an automated server saying something like "send comp.sources.unix/fbm",
and a few hours or days later you get the file in the mail.

==========================================================================

3. Computer graphics FTP site list, by Eric Haines
==================================================

Computer graphics related FTP sites (and maintainers), 22/04/93
	compiled by Eric Haines, erich@eye.com
	and Nick Fotis, nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr

Ray-tracers:
------------

RayShade - a great ray tracer for workstations on up, also for PC, Mac & Amiga.
PoV - son and successor to DKB trace, written by Compuservers.
	(For more questions call Drew Wells --
	73767.1244@compuserve.com or Dave Buck -- david_buck@carleton.ca)
ART - ray tracer with a good range of surface types, part of VORT package.
DKBtrace - another good ray tracer, from all reports; PCs, Mac II,
	Amiga, UNIX, VMS (last two with X11 previewer), etc.
RTrace - Portugese ray tracer, does bicubic patches, CSG, 3D text, etc. etc.
	An MS-DOS version for use with DJGPP DOS extender (GO32) exists also,
	as a Mac port.
VIVID2 - A shareware raytracer for PCs - binary only (286/287).  Author:
	Stephen Coy (coy@ssc-vax.boeing.com).  The 386/387 (no source) version
	is available to registered users (US$50) direct from the author.
RAY4 - Steve Hollasch's 4-dimensional ray tracer - renders hyperspheres,
	hypertetrahedra, hyperplanes, and hyperparallelepipeds (there's
	a separate real-time wireframe viewer written in GL called WIRE4 ) .
MTV,QRT,DBW - yet more ray tracers, some with interesting features.

Distributed/Parallel Raytracers:
--------------------------------

XDART - A distributed ray-tracer that runs under X11. There are server binaries
	which work only on DECstations, SPARCs, HP Snakes (7x0 series) and NeXT.
	The clients are distributed as binaries and C source.
Inetray - A network version of Rayshade 4.0.  Needs Sun RPC 4.0 or newer.
	Contact Andreas Thurnherr (ant@ips.id.ethz.ch)
prt, VM_pRAY - parallel ray tracers.

Volume renderers:
-----------------

VREND - Cornell's Volume Renderer, from Kartch/Devine/Caffey/Warren (FORTRAN).

Radiosity (and diffuse lighting) renderers:
-------------------------------------------

Radiance - a ray tracer w/radiosity effects, by Greg Ward.  Excellent shading
	models and physically based lighting simulation.  Unix/X based, though
	has been ported to the Amiga and the PC (386).
INDIA - An Indian radiosity package based on Radiance.
SGI_RAD - An interactive radiosity package that runs on SGI machines with a
	Spaceball. It includes a house database.
	Author: Guy Moreillon <moreillo@ligsg1.epfl.ch>
RAD - a simple public-domain radiosity package in C. The solution can be run
	stand-alone on any Unix box, but the walk-through requires a SGI 4D.
	Author: Bernard Kwok <g-kwok@cs.yorku.ca>

Renderers which are not raytracers, and graphics libraries:
-----------------------------------------------------------

SIPP - Scan line z-buffer and Phong shading renderer.
	Now uses the shadow buffer algorithm.
Tcl-SIPP - a Tcl command interface to the SIPP rendering
	program. Tcl-SIPP is a set of Tcl commands used to programmed
	SIPP without having to write and compile C code.
	Commands are used to specify surfaces, objects,
	scenes and rendering options.
	It renders either in PPM format or in Utah Raster Toolkit RLE format
	or to the photo widget in the Tk-based X11 applications.

VOGLE - graphics learning environment (device portable).
VOGL - an SGI GL-like library based on VOGLE.
REND386 - A *fast* polygon renderer for Intel 386s and up. Version 2 on up.
	[ It's not photorealistic, but rather a real-time renderer]
XSHARP21 - Dr. Dobb's Journal PC renderer source code, with budget texture
	mapping.

Modellers, wireframe viewers:
-----------------------------

VISION-3D - Mac modeler, can output Radiance & Rayshade files.
IRIT - A CSG solid modeler, with support for freeform surfaces.
X3D - A wireframe viewer for X11.
3DV - 3-D wireframe graphics toolkit, with C source, 3dv objects, other stuff
	Look at major PC archives like wuarchive. One such file is 3DKIT1.ZIP
PV3D - a shareware front end modeler for POVRAY, still in beta test.
  French docs for now, price for registering 250 French Francs. Save disabled.
  Some extra utilities, DXF files for the registered version.

Geometric viewers:
------------------

SALEM - A GL-based package from Dobkin et al. for exploring mathematical
	structures.
GEOMVIEW - A GL-based package for looking and interactively manipulating
3D objects, from Geometry Center at Minnesota.
XYZ GeoBench -(eXperimental geometrY Zurich) is a workbench for geometric
	computation for Macintosh computers.
WIRE4 - GL wireframe previewer for Steve Hollasch's RAY4 (see above)

Data Formats and Data Sets for Ray Tracing:
-------------------------------------------

SPD - a set of procedural databases for testing ray tracers.
NFF - simplistic file format used by SPD.
OFF - another file format.
P3D - a lispy file format.
TDDD - Imagine (3D modeler) format, has converters for RayShade, NFF, OFF, etc.
	Also includes a nice postscript object displayer.  Some GREAT models.
TTDDDLIB - converts to/from TDDD/TTDDD, OFF, NFF, Rayshade 4.0, Imagine,
	and vort 3d objects. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric
	views in Postscript. Registered users get a TeX PK font converter and
	a superquadric surfaces generator.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>
	[Note : TTDDDLIB is also known as T3DLIB]
CHVRTD - Chapel Hill Volume Rendering Test Datasets, includes volume sets for
	two heads, a brain, a knee, electron density maps for RNA and others.

Written Material on Rendering:
------------------------------

RT News - collections of articles on ray tracing.
RT bib - references to articles on ray tracing in "refer" format.
Rad bib - references to articles on radiosity (global illumination).
Speer RT bib - Rick Speer's cross-referenced RT bib, in postscript.
RT abstracts - collection by Tom Wilson of abstracts of many RT articles.
Paper bank project - various technical papers in electronic form.  Contact
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>
Online Bibliography Project :
        The ACM SIGGRAPH Online Bibliography Project is a database of 
        over 15,000 unique computer graphics and computational geometry
        references in BibTeX format, available to the computer graphics
        community as a research and educational resource.

        The database is located at "siggraph.org".  Users may download 
        the BibTeX files via FTP and peruse them offline, or telnet to
        "siggraph.org" and log in as "biblio" and interactively search
        the database for entries of interest, by keyword.
        For the people without Internet access, there's also an e-mail
        server. Send mail to

        archive-server@siggraph.org

        and in the subject or the body of the message include the message  send
        followed by the topic and subtopic you wish. A good place to start is
        with the command
             send index
        which will give you an up-to-date list of available information.

        Additions/corrections/suggestions may be directed to the admin,
        "bibadmin@siggraph.org".

Image Manipulation Libraries:
-----------------------------

Utah Raster Toolkit - nice image manipulation tools.
PBMPLUS - a great package for image conversion and manipulation.
LIBTIFF - library for reading/writing TIFF images.
ImageMagick - X11 package for display and interactive manipulation
	of images.  Uses its own format (MIFF), and includes some converters.
xv - X-based image display, manipulation, and format converter.
xloadimage, xli - displays various formats on an X11 screen.
Khoros - a huge, excellent system for image processing, with a visual
	programming interface and much much more.  Uses X windows.
FBM - another set of image manipulation tools, somewhat old now.
Img - image manipulation, displays on X11 screen, a bit old now.
xflick - Plays .FLI animation under X11
XAnim - plays any resolution FLI along with GIF's(including GIF89a animation
	extensions), DL's and Amiga IFF animations(3,5,J,l) and IFF
	pictures(including HAM,EHB and color cycling)
SDSC - SDSC Image Tools package (San Diego Supercomputing Center)
	for image manipulation and conversion
CLRpaint - A 24-bit paint program for SGI 24bit workstations and 8bit Indigos.

Libraries with code for graphics:
---------------------------------

Graphics Gems I,II,III - code from the ever so useful books.
spline-patch.tar.Z - spline patch ray intersection routines by Sean Graves
kaleido - Computation and 3D Display of Uniform Polyhedra. Mirrored in
	wuarchive. This package computes (and displays) the metrical
	properties of 75 polyhedra. Author: Dr. Zvi Har'El,
	e-mail: rl@gauss.technion.ac.il

(*) means site is an "official" distributor, so is most up to date.


NORTH AMERICA (please look for things on your own continent first...):
-------------

wuarchive.wustl.edu [128.252.135.4]:  /graphics/graphics - get CONTENTS file
	for a roadmap.  /graphics/graphics/objects/TDDD - *the TTDDD objects
	and converters*, /mirrors/unix-c/graphics - Rayshade ray tracer, MTV
	ray tracer, Vort ray tracer, FBM, PBMPLUS, popi, Utah raster toolkit.
	/mirrors/msdos/graphics - DKB ray tracer, FLI RayTracker demos.
	/pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*, /graphics/graphics/radiosity - Radiance
	and Indian radiosity package.  /msdos/ddjmag/ddj9209.zip - version 21
	of Xsharp, with fast texture mapping.  There's lots more, including
	bibs, Graphics Gems I & II code, OFF, RTN, Radiance, NFF, SIPP, spline
	patch intersection routines, textbook errata, source code from Roy
	Hall's book "Illumination and Color in Computer Generated Imagery", etc
	graphics/graphics/packages/kaleido - *kaleido*
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

princeton.edu [128.112.128.1]:  /pub/Graphics (note capital "G") - *Rayshade
	4.0 ray tracer (and separate 387 executable)*, *color quantization
	code*, *SPD*, *RT News*, *Wilson's RT abstracts*, "RT bib*, *Utah
	Raster Toolkit*, newer FBM, *Graphics Gems I, II & III code*.
	/pub/graphics directory - *SALEM* and other stuff.
	Craig Kolb <cek@princeton.edu>
	[replaces weedeater.math.yale.edu - note the capital "G" in
	pub/Graphics] Because there's a trouble with princeton's incoming
	area, you can upload Rayshade-specific stuff to
	weedeater.math.yale.edu [128.36.23.17]

alfred.ccs.carleton.ca [134.117.1.1]:  /pub/dkbtrace - *DKB ray tracer*,
	/pub/pov-ray/POV-Ray1.0 - *PVRay Compuserve group ray tracer (or PoV)*.
	David Buck <david_buck@carleton.ca>

avalon.chinalake.navy.mil [129.131.31.11]:  3D objects (multiple formats),
	utilities, file format documents.
	This site was created to be a 3D object "repository" for the net.
	Francisco X DeJesus <dejesus@archimedes.chinalake.navy.mil>

omicron.cs.unc.edu [152.2.128.159]:  pub/softlab/CHVRTD - Chapel Hill
	Volume Rendering Test Datasets.

ftp.mv.com [192.80.84.1]: - Official DDJ FTP repository.
	*XSHARP*

peipa.essex.ac.uk [155.245.115.161]: the Pilot European Image Processing
	Archive; in a directory ipa/synth or something like that, there are
	image synthesis packages.
	Adrian Clarke <alien@essex.ac.uk>

barkley.berkeley.edu [128.32.142.237] : tcl/extensions/tsipp3.0b.tar.Z -
	*Tcl-SIPP*
	Mark Diekhans <markd@grizzly.com or markd@NeoSoft.com>

acs.cps.msu.edu [35.8.56.90]: pub/sass - *X window fonts converter into
	Rayshade 3.0 polygons*, Rayshade animation tool(s).
	Ron Sass <sass@cps.msu.edu>

hobbes.lbl.gov [128.3.12.38]: *Radiance* ray trace/radiosity package.
	Greg Ward <gjward@lbl.gov>

geom.umn.edu [128.101.25.31] : pub/geomview - *GEOMVIEW*
	Contact (for GEOMVIEW): software@geom.umn.edu

ftp.arc.umn.edu [137.66.130.11] : pub/gvl.tar.Z - the latest version of Bob,
	Icol and Raz.  Source, a manual, man pages, and binaries for
	IRIX 4.0.5 are included (Bob is a real time volume renderer)
	pub/  contains also many volume datasets.
	Ken Chin-Purcell <ken@ahpcrc.umn.edu>

ftp.kpc.com [144.52.120.9] : /pub/graphics/holl91 - Steve Hollasch's
	Thesis, /pub/graphics/ray4 - *RAY4*, /pub/graphics/wire4 - *WIRE4*.
	/pub/mirror/avalon - mirror of avalon's 3D objects repository.
	Steve Hollasch <hollasch@kpc.com>

swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] : programs/hollasch-4d - RAY4,
	SGI Explorer modules and Postscript manual, etc.

zamenhof.cs.rice.edu [128.42.1.75] : pub/graphics.formats - Various electronic
	documents about many object and image formats.
	Mark Hall <foo@cs.rice.edu>
	will apparently no longer be maintaining it, see ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

rascal.ics.utexas.edu [128.83.144.1]:  /misc/mac/inqueue - VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade and Radiance files.

ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50] :  misc/file.formats/graphics.formats -
	contains various image- and object-format descriptions.  Many SciVi
	tools in various directories, e.g.  SGI/Alpha-shape/Alvis-1.0.tar.Z -
	3D alpha-shape visualizer (SGI machines only),
	SGI/Polyview3.0/polyview.Z - interactive visualization and analysis of
	3D geometrical structures.
	Quincey Koziol <koziol@ncsa.uiuc.edu>

tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1] : /iraf - the IRAF astronomy package

ftp.ipl.rpi.edu [128.113.14.50]:  sigma/erich - SPD images and Haines thesis
	images.  pub/images - various 24 and 8 bit image stills and sequences.
	Kevin Martin <sigma@ipl.rpi.edu>

ftp.psc.edu [128.182.66.148]:  pub/p3d - p3d_2_0.tar P3D lispy scene
	language & renderers.  Joel Welling <welling@seurat.psc.edu>

ftp.ee.lbl.gov [128.3.254.68]: *pbmplus.tar.Z*, RayShade data files.
	Jef Poskanzer <jef@ace.ee.lbl.gov>

george.lbl.gov [128.3.196.93]: pub/ccs-lib/ccs.tar.Z - *CCS (Complex
	Conversion System), a standard software interface for image processing*

hanauma.stanford.edu [36.51.0.16]: /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics - best of
	comp.graphics (very extensive), ray-tracers - DBW, MTV, QRT, and more.
	Joe Dellinger <joe@hanauma.stanford.edu>

ftp.uu.net [192.48.96.2]:  /graphics - *IRIT*, RT News back issues (not
	complete), NURBS models, other graphics related material.
	/graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v?.tar.Z - Independent JPEG Group package for
	reading and writing JPEG files.

freebie.engin.umich.edu [141.212.68.23]:  *Utah Raster Toolkit*,
	Spencer Thomas <thomas@eecs.umich.edu>

export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] : /contrib - pbmplus, Image Magick, xloadimage,
	xli, xv, Img, lots more.  /pub/R5untarred/mit/demos/gpc - NCGA Graphics
	Performance Characterization (GPC) Suite.

life.pawl.rpi.edu [128.113.10.2]: /pub/ray - *Kyriazis stochastic Ray Tracer*.
	George Kyriazis <kyriazis@turing.cs.rpi.edu>

cs.utah.edu [128.110.4.21]: /pub - Utah raster toolkit, *NURBS databases*.
	Jamie Painter <jamie@cs.utah.edu>

gatekeeper.dec.com [16.1.0.2]:  /pub/DEC/off.tar.Z - *OFF models*,
	Also GPC Benchmark files (planned, but not checked).
	Randi Rost <rost@kpc.com>

hubcap.clemson.edu [130.127.8.1]:  /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine - stuff for the
	Amiga Imagine & Turbo Silver ray tracers.  /pub/amiga/TTDDDLIB -
	*TTDDDLIB* /pub/amiga/incoming/imagine/objects - MANY objects.
	Glenn Lewis <glewis@pcocd2.intel.com>

pprg.eece.unm.edu [129.24.24.10]:  /pub/khoros - *Khoros image processing
	package (huge, but great)*.
	Danielle Argiro <danielle@bullwinkle.unm.edu>

expo.lcs.mit.edu [18.30.0.212]:  contrib - *PBMPLUS portable bitmap package*,
	*poskbitmaptars bitmap collection*, *Raveling Img*, xloadimage.  Jef
	Poskanzer <jef@well.sf.ca.us>

venera.isi.edu [128.9.0.32]:  */pub/Img.tar.z and img.tar.z - some image
	manipulation*, /pub/images - RGB separation photos.
	Paul Raveling <raveling@venera.isi.edu>

ucsd.edu [128.54.16.1]:  /graphics - utah rle toolkit, pbmplus, fbm,
	databases, MTV, DBW and other ray tracers, world map, other stuff.
	Not updated much recently.

castlab.engr.wisc.edu [128.104.52.10]:  /pub/x3d.2.2.tar.Z - *X3D*
	/pub/xdart.1.1.* - *XDART*
	Mark Spychalla <spy@castlab.engr.wisc.edu>

sgi.com [192.48.153.1]:  /graphics/tiff - TIFF 6.0 spec & *LIBTIFF* software
	and pics.  Also much SGI- and GL-related stuff (e.g. OpenGL manuals)
	Sam Leffler <sam@sgi.com>
	[supercedes okeeffe.berkeley.edu for the LIBTIFF stuff]

surya.waterloo.edu [129.97.129.72]: /graphics - FBM, ray tracers

ftp.sdsc.edu [132.249.20.22]: /sdscpub - *SDSC*

ftp.brl.mil [128.63.16.158]: /brl-cad - information on how to get the
	BRL CAD package & ray tracer.  /images - various test images.
	A texture library has also begun here.
	Lee A. Butler <butler@BRL.MIL>

cicero.cs.umass.edu [128.119.40.189]:  /texture_temp - 512x512 grayscale
	Brodatz textures,
	from Julien Flack <julien@scs.leeds.ac.uk>.

karazm.math.uh.edu [129.7.7.6]:  pub/Graphics/rtabs.shar.12.90.Z - *Wilson's
	RT abstracts*, VM_pRAY.
	J. Eric Townsend <jet@karazm.math.uh.edu or jet@nas.nasa.gov>

ftp.pitt.edu [130.49.253.1]:  /users/qralston/images - 24 bit image archive
	(small).  James Ralston Crawford <qralston@gl.pitt.edu>

ftp.tc.cornell.edu [128.84.201.1]: /pub/vis - *VREND*

sunee.waterloo.edu [129.97.50.50]: /pub/raytracers - vivid, *REND386*
	[or sunee.uwaterloo.ca]

archive.umich.edu [141.211.164.153]: /msdos/graphics - PC graphics stuff.
	/msdos/graphics/raytrace - VIVID2.

apple.apple.com [130.43.2.2?]:  /pub/ArchiveVol2/prt.

research.att.com [192.20.225.2]: /netlib/graphics - *SPD package*, ~/polyhedra -
	*polyhedra databases*.  (If you don't have FTP, use the netlib
	automatic mail replier:  UUCP - research!netlib, Internet -
	netlib@ornl.gov.  Send one line message "send index" for more info,
	"send haines from graphics" to get the SPD)

siggraph.org [128.248.245.250]: SIGGRAPH archive site.
	publications - *Online Bibliography Project*, Conference proceedings
	in various electronic formats (papers, panels), SIGGRAPH Video Review
	information and order forms.
	Other stuff in various directories.
	Automatic mailer is archive-server@siggraph.org ("send index").

ftp.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159]: pub/reaction_diffusion - Greg Turk's work on
	reaction-diffusion textures, X windows code (SIGGRAPH '91)

avs.ncsc.org [128.109.178.23]:  ~ftp/VolVis92 - Volume datasets from the
	Boston Workshop on Volume Visualization '92.  This site is also the
	International AVS Center.
	Terry Myerson <tvv@ncsc.org>

uvacs.cs.virginia.edu [128.143.8.100]:  pub/suit/demo/{sparc,dec,etc} - SUIT
	(Simple User Interface Toolkit).  "finger suit@uvacs.cs.virginia.edu"
	to get detailed instructions.

nexus.yorku.ca [130.63.9.66]: /pub/reports/Radiosity_code.tar.Z - *RAD*
	/pub/reports/Radiosity_thesis.ps.Z - *RAD MSc. Thesis*
	[This site will be changed to ftp.yorku.ca in the near future]

milton.u.washington.edu [128.95.136.1] - ~ftp/public/veos - VEOS Virtual
	Reality and distributed applications prototyping environment
	for Unix. Veos Software Support : veos-support@hitl.washington.edu
        oldpublic/fly - FLY! 3D Visualization Software demo.
        That package is built for "fly-throughs" from various datasets in
        near real-time. There are binaries for many platforms.
	Also, much other Virtual Reality stuff.

zug.csmil.umich.edu [141.211.184.2]: X-Xpecs 3D files (an LCD glass shutter
	for Amiga computers - great for VR stuff!)

sugrfx.acs.syr.edu [128.230.24.1]: Various stereo-pair images.
[ Has closed down :-( ]

sunsite.unc.edu [152.2.22.81]: /pub/academic/computer-science/virtual-reality -
	Final copy of the sugrfx.acs.syr.edu archive that ceased to exist.
	It contains Powerglove code, VR papers, 3D images and IRC research
	material.
	Jonathan Magid <jem@sunSITE.unc.edu>

archive.cis.ohio-state.edu [128.146.8.52]: pub/siggraph92 - Code for
	Siggraph '92 Course 23 (Procedural Modeling and Rendering Techniques)
	Dr. David S. Ebert <ebert@cis.ohio-state.edu>

lyapunov.ucsd.edu [132.239.86.10]: This machine is considered the
	repository for preprints and programs for nonlinear dynamics,
	signal processing, and related subjects  (and fractals, of course!)
	Matt Kennel <mbk@inls1.ucsd.edu>

cod.nosc.mil [128.49.16.5]: /pub/grid.{ps,tex,ascii} - a short survey of
	methods to interpolate and contour bivariate data

ics.uci.edu [128.195.1.1]: /honig --- Various stereo-pair images,
	movie.c - animates a movie on an X display (8-bit and mono) with
	digital subtraction.

taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil [131.120.1.13]: pub/dabro/cyberware_demo.tar.Z - Human
	head data

pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217]:  pub/texture_maps - Hans du Buf's grayscale
	test textures (aerial swatches, Brodatz textures, synthetic swatches).
	Space & planetary image repository.  Provides access to >150 CD-ROMS
	with data/images (3 on-line at a time).
        pub/info/beginner-info - here you should start browsing.
        Colby Kraybill <opus@pioneer.unm.edu>.

cs.brown.edu [128.148.33.66] : *SRGP/SPHIGS* . For more info on SRGP/SPHIGS:
         mail -s 'software-distribution' graphtext@cs.brown.edu

pdb.pdb.bnl.gov [130.199.144.1] has data about various organic molecules,
       bonds between the different atoms, etc.
       Atomic coordinates (and a load of other stuff) are contained in the
       "*.ent" files, but the actual atomic dimemsions seem to be missing.
       You could convert these data to PoV, rayshade, etc.

biome.bio.ns.ca [142.2.20.2] : /pub/art - some Renoir paintings,
        Escher's pictures, etc.

ic16.ee.umanitoba.ca [] : /specmark - sample set of images from the
        `Images from the Edge' CD-ROM (images of atomic landscapes, advanced
        semiconductors, superconductors and experimental surface
        chemistry among others). Contact ruskin@ee.umanitoba.ca

explorer.dgp.toronto.edu [128.100.1.129] : pub/sgi/clrpaint - *CLRpaint*
        pub/sgi/clrview.* - CLRview, a tool that aids in visualization
        of GIS datasets in may formats like DXF, DEM, Arc/Info, etc.

ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM - images from Magellan
        and Viking missions etc. Get pub/SPACE/Index first.
        pub/SPACELINK has most of the SpaceLink service data (see below)
        e-mail server available: send mail to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov
        (or ames!archive-server) with subject:"help"
        or "send SPACE Index" (without the quotes!)
        Peter Yee <yee@ames.arc.nasa.gov>

pubinfo.jpl.nasa.gov [128.149.6.2]: images, other data, etc. from JPL
        missions. Modem access at (818)-354-1333 (no parity, 8 data bits, 1
        stop bit).
        newsdesk@jplpost.jpl.nasa.gov or phone (818)-354-7170

spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov [128.158.13.250] (passwd:guest) : space graphics
        and GIF images from NASA's planetary probes and the Hubble Telescope.
        Main function is support for teachers (you can telnet also to this
        site). Dial up access: (205)-895-0028 (300/1200/2400/9600(V.32) baud,
        8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit).

stsci.edu [130.167.1.2] : Hubble Space Telescope stuff (images and other
        data). Read the README first!
        Pete Reppert <reppert@stsci.edu> or Chris O'Dea <odea@stsci.edu>

pit-manager.mit.edu [18.172.1.27]:  /pub/usenet/news.answers - the land of
	FAQs.  graphics and pictures directories of particular interest.
	[Also available from mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu by sending a mail
	message containing: help]

UUCP archive: avatar - RT News back issues.  For details, write Kory Hamzeh
	<kory@avatar.avatar.com>


EUROPE:
-------

nic.funet.fi [128.214.6.100]:  *pub/sci/papers - *Paper bank project,
	including Pete Shirley's entire thesis (with pics)*, *Wilson's RT
	abstracts*, pub/misc/CIA_WorldMap - CIA world data bank,
	comp.graphics.research archive, *India*, and much, much more.
	Juhana Kouhia <jk87377@cs.tut.fi>

dasun2.epfl.ch [128.178.62.2]:  Radiance. Good for European sites, but
	doesn't carry the add-ons that are available for Radiance.

isy.liu.se [130.236.1.3]:  pub/sipp/sipp-3.0.tar.Z - *SIPP* scan line z-buffer
	and Phong shading renderer.  Jonas Yngvesson <jonas-y@isy.liu.se>

irisa.fr [131.254.2.3]:  */iPSC2/VM_pRAY ray tracer*, SPD, /NFF - many non-SPD
	NFF format scenes, RayShade data files.  Didier Badouel
	<badouel@irisa.irisa.fr> [may have disappeared]

phoenix.oulu.fi [130.231.240.17]:  *FLI RayTracker animation files (PC VGA) -
	also big .FLIs (640*480)* *RayScene demos* [Americans:  check wuarchive
	first].  More animations to come.  Jari Kahkonen
	<hole@phoenix.oulu.fi>

jyu.fi [128.214.7.5]: /pub/graphics/ray-traces - many ray tracers, including
	VM_pRAY, DBW, DKB, MTV, QRT, RayShade, some RT News, NFF files.  Jari
	Toivanen <toivanen@jyu.fi>

garbo.uwasa.fi [128.214.87.1]:  Much PC stuff, etc., /pc/source/contour.f -
	FORTRAN program to contour scattered data using linear triangle-based
	interpolation

asterix.inescn.pt [192.35.246.17]:  pub/RTrace - *RTrace* nffutils.tar.Z (NFF
	utilities for RTrace), medical data (CAT, etc.)  converters to NFF,
	Autocad to NFF Autolisp code, AUTOCAD 11 to SCN (RTrace's language)
	converter and other goodies.  Antonio Costa (acc@asterix.inescn.pt)

vega.hut.fi [128.214.3.82]: /graphics - RTN archive, ray tracers (MTV, QRT,
	others), NFF, some models.
[ It was shut down months ago , check under nic.funet.fi -- nfotis ]

sun4nl.nluug.nl [192.16.202.2]: /pub/graphics/raytrace - DBW.microray, MTV, etc

unix.hensa.ac.uk [] : misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z - CGM viewer and
        converter.
        There's an e-mail server also - mail to archive@unix.hensa.ac.uk
        with the message body "send misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z"

maeglin.mt.luth.se [130.240.0.25]:  graphics/raytracing - prt, others, ~/Doc -
	*Wilson's RT abstracts*, Vivid.

ftp.fu-berlin.de [130.20.225.2]:  /pub/unix/graphics/rayshade4.0/inputs -
	aq.tar.Z is RayShade aquarium [Americans:  check princeton.edu first).
	Heiko Schlichting <heiko@math.fu-berlin.de>

maggia.ethz.ch [129.132.17.1]: pub/inetray - *Inetray* and Sun RPC 4.0 code
	Andreas Thurnherr <ant@ips.id.ethz.ch>

osgiliath.id.dth.dk [129.142.65.24]:  /pub/amiga/graphics/Radiance - *Amiga
	port of Radiance 2.0*.  Per Bojsen <bojsen@ithil.id.dth.dk>

ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de [134.106.1.9] : *PoV raytracer*
        Mirrored in wuarchive, has many goods for PoV.
	pub/dkbtrace/incoming/polyray - Polyray raytracer
        pub/dkbtrace/incoming/pv3d* - *PV3D*

ftp.uni-kl.de [131.246.9.95]: /pub/amiga/raytracing/imagine - mirror of
	the hubcap Imagine files.

neptune.inf.ethz.ch [129.132.101.33]: XYZ - *XYZ GeoBench*
	Peter Schorn <schorn@inf.ethz.ch>

iamsun.unibe.ch [130.92.64.10]: /Graphics/graphtal* - a L-system interpreter.
	Christoph Streit <streit@iam.unibe.ch>

amiga.physik.unizh.ch [130.60.80.80]: /amiga/gfx - Graphics stuff
	for the Amiga computer.

stesis.hq.eso.org [134.171.8.100]: on-line access to a huge astronomical
        database. (login:starcat;no passwd)
        DECnet:STESIS (It's the Space Telescope European Coordination Facility)
        Benoit Pirenne <bpirenne@eso.org>, phone +49 89 320 06 433


MIDDLE EAST
-----------

gauss.technion.ac.il [132.68.112.60]: *kaleida*


AUSTRALIA:
----------

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au [128.250.70.62]: pub - *VORT(ART) ray tracer*, *VOGLE*,
	Wilson's ray tracing abstracts, /pub/contrib/artscenes (ART scenes from
	Italy), pub/images/haines - Haines thesis images, Graphics Gems code,
	SPD, NFF & OFF databases, NFF and OFF previewers, plus some 8- and
	24bit images and lots of other stuff.  pub/rad.tar.Z - *SGI_RAD*
	Bernie Kirby <bernie@ecr.mu.oz.au>

munnari.oz.au [128.250.1.21]:  pub/graphics/vort.tar.Z - *VORT (ART) 2.1 CSG and
	algebraic surface ray tracer*, *VOGLE*, /pub - DBW, pbmplus.  /graphics
	- room.tar.Z (ART scenes from Italy).
	David Hook <dgh@munnari.oz.au>

marsh.cs.curtin.edu.au [134.7.1.1]: pub/graphics/bibliography/Facial_Animation,
	pub/graphics/bibliography/Morph, pub/graphics/bibliography/UI -
	stuff about Facial animation, Morphing and User Interfaces.
	pub/fascia - Fred Parke's fascia program.
	Valerie Hall <val@lillee.cs.curtin.edu.au>


OCEANIA - ASIA:
---------------

#ccu1.auckland.ac.nz [130.216.3.1]:  ftp/mac/architec - *VISION-3D facet
	based modeller, can output RayShade files*.  Many other neat things
#	for Macs.  Paul Bourke <pdbourke@ccu1.auckland.ac.nz>
+[ For users outside NZ - go to wuarchive.wustl.edu, directory
+  /mirrors/architec ]

scslwide.sony.co.jp [133.138.199.1]:  ftp2/SGI/Facial-Animation - Steve Franks
	site for facial animation.
 	Steve Franks <stevef@csl.sony.co.jp OR stevef@cs.umr.edu>


4. Mail servers and graphics-oriented BBSes
===========================================

Please check first with the FTP places above, with archie's help.
Don't overuse mail servers.

There are some troubles with wrong return addresses. Many of these
mail servers have a command like
   path a_valid_return_e-mail_address
to get a hint for sending back to you stuff.

DEC's FTPMAIL
-------------
  Send a one-line message to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com WITHOUT a Subject: field,
  and having a line containing the word 'help'.
  You should get back a message detailing the relevant procedures you
  must follow in order to get the files you want.

  Note that the "reply" or "answer" command in your mailer will not work
  for this message or any other mail you receive from FTPMAIL.  To send
  requests to FTPMAIL, send an original mail message, not a reply.
  Complaints should be sent to the ftpmail-request@uucp-gw-2.pa.dec.com
  address rather than to postmaster, since DECWRL's postmaster is not
  responsible for fixing ftpmail problems.

BITFTP
------
  For BITNET sites ONLY, there's BITFTP@PUCC.
  Send a one-line 'help' message to this address for more info.


+RED
+---
+  RED - Listserv Redirector is essentially a mail server.
+  The Server Sites that are available are:
+
+  Location        EARN/BITNET          Internet
+  --------------  ----------------     -------------------
+  In Turkey:      TRICKLE@TREARN       TRICKLE@EGE.EDU.TR
+  In Denmark:     TRICKLE@DKTC11
+  In Italy:       TRICKLE@IMIPOLI
+  In Belgium:     TRICKLE@BANUFS11     TRICKLE@UFSIA.AC.BE
+  In Austria:     TRICKLE@AWIWUW11
+  In Germany:     TRICKLE@DS0RUS1I     TRICKLE@RUSVM1.RUS.UNI-STUTTGART.DE
+  In Israel:      TRICKLE@TAUNIVM      TRICKLE@VM.TAU.AC.IL
+  In Netherlands: TRICKLE@HEARN        TRICKLE@HEARN.NIC.SURFNET.NL
+  In France:      TRICKLE@FRMOP11      TRICKLE@FRMOP11.CNUSC.FR
+  In Colombia:    TRICKLE@UNALCOL      TRICKLE@UNALCOL.UNAL.EDU.CO
+  In Taiwan:      TRICKLE@TWNMOE10     TRICKLE@TWNMOE10.EDU.TW
+
+  You are  urged to use the  one that is closer  to your location.
+  Send a message to one of these containing the body
+
+  /HELP
+
+  and you'll get more instructions.


Lightwave 3D mail based file-server
-----------------------------------
  A mail based file server for 3D objects, 24bit JPEG images, GIF images
  and image maps is now online for all those with Internet mail access.
  The server is the official archive site for the Lightwave 3D mail-list
  and contains many PD and Shareware graphics utilities for
  several computer platforms including Amiga, Atari, IBM and Macintosh.

  The server resides on a BBS called "The Graphics BBS".  The BBS is
  operational 24 hours a day 7 days a week at the phone number of +1
  908/469-0049.  It has upgraded its modem to a Hayes Ultra 144
  V.32bis/V.42bis, which has speeds from 300bps up to 38,400bps.

  If you would like to submit objects, scenes or images to the server,
  please pack, uuencode and then mail the files to the address:
  server@bobsbox.rent.com.

  For information on obtaining files from the server send a mail message
  to the address file-server@graphics.rent.com with the following in
  the body of the message:
    HELP
    /DIR
  And a help file describing how to use the server and a complete
  directory listing will be sent to you via mail.

[ Now it includes the Cyberware head and shouders in TTDDD format! Check it
 out, only if you can't use FTP! -- nfotis ]

INRIA-GRAPHLIB
--------------
  Pierre Jancene and Sabine Coquillart launched the inria-graphlib mail
  server a few months ago.

    echo help | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will give you a quick summary of what inria-graphlib contains and 
  how to browse among its files.

    echo send contents | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the extended summary.

  As an other example :

    echo send cgrl from Misc | mail inria-graphlib@inria.fr

  will return the Computer Graphics Resource Listing mirrored from
  comp.graphics.

BBSes
-----
  There are many BBSes that store datafiles, etc.etc., but a guide to these
  is beyond the scope of this Listing (and the resources of the author!)
  If you can point to me Internet- or mail- accessible BBSes that carry
  interesting stuff, send me info!


  Studio Amiga is a 3D modelling and ray tracing specific BBS, (817) 467-3658.
  24 hours, 105 Meg online.
--
From Jeff Walkup <pwappy@well.sf.ca.us>:
  "The Castle" 415/355-2396 (14.4K/v.32bis/v.42/v.42bis/MNP)
  (In Pacifica, dang close to San Francisco, California, USA)
  The new-user password is: "TAO".
  
  [J]oin base #2; The Castle G/FX, Anim, Video, 3D S.I.G., of which
  I am the SIG-Op, "Lazerus".
--
  Bob Lindabury operates a BBS (see above the entry for "The Graphics BBS")
--
'You Can Call Me Ray' ray tracing related BBS in Chicago suburbs (708-358-5611)
 or (708-358-8721)
--
  Digital Pixel (Sysop: Mark Ng <mcng@descartes.waterloo.edu>) is based at
  Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
 
  Phone : (416) 298 1487
  Storage space: 330 megs
  Modem type:  14.4k baud,16.8k (Zyxel) , v32bis ,v32, mnp 5

  Access Fee: none.. (free)
  System supported : DOS, OS/2, Amiga, Mac.  
  Netmail:     Currently no echo mail.
  Topics:      Raytracing, Fractals, Graphics programming, CAD, Any Comp.
               Graphics related  

--
From: David Tiberio <dtiberio@ic.sunysb.edu>

  Amiga Graphics BBS (516) 473-6351 in Long Island, New York,
  running 24 hours at 14.4k v.32bis, with 157 megs on line.
  We also subscribe to 9 mailing lists, of which 5 originate
  from our BBS, with 3 more to be added soon. These include:

  Lightwave, Imagine, Real 3D (ray tracing)

  Database files include:
  Imagine 3D objects, 3D renderings, scalable fonts, music
  modules, sound samples, demos, animations, utilities,
  text databases, and pending Lightwave 3D objects.
--
The Graphics Alternative

 The Graphics Alternative is in El Cerrito, CA., running 24 hours a
 day at 14.4k HST/v.32bis, with 642MB online and a 1300+ user base.
 TGA runs two nodes, node 1 (510) 524-2780 is for public access and
 includes a free 90 day trial subscription.  TGA is the West Coast
 Host for PCGnet, The Profesional CAD and Graphics Network, supporting
 nodes across the Continental U.S., Alaska, New Zealand, Australia,
 France and the UK.
 
 TGA's file database includes MS-DOS executables for POV, Vivid,
 RTrace, Rayshade, Polyray, and others.  TGA also has numerous
 graphics utilities, viewers, and conversion utilities.  Registered
 Vivid users can also download the latest Vivid aeta code from a
 special Vivid conference.

--
From: Scott Bethke <sbathkey@access.digex.com>

The Intersection BBS, 410-250-7149.

  This BBS Is dedicated to supporting 3D Animators.The system is provided
  FREE OF CHARGE, and is NOT Commercialized in ANYWAY.
  Users are given FULL Access on the first call.

Features: Usenet NEWS & Internet Mail, Fidonet Echo's & Netmail,
	200 Megs online, V.32bis/V.42bis Modem.

Platforms of interest: Amiga & The VideoToaster, Macintosh, Ms-Dos,
	Unix Workstations (Sun, SGI, etc), Atari-ST.
--
From: Alfonso Hermida <afanh@robots.gsfc.nasa.gov>:

 Pi Square BBS (301)725-9080 in Maryland. It supports raytracers such as POV
 and VIVID. The BBS runs off a 486/33Mhz, 100Megs hard drive and CD ROM.
 Now it runs on 1200-2400bps (this will change soon)

 Topics: graphics programming, animation,raytracing,programming (general)
--
From: Lynn Falkow <ROXXIE@delphi.com>:

  Vertech Design's GRAPHIC CONNECTION. (503) 591-8412 in Portland, Oregon.
  V.32/V.42bis.

  The BBS, aside from carrying typical BBS services like message bases
  ( all topic specific ) and files ( CAD and graphics related -- hundreds
  of megabytes ), also offers material texture files that are full color,
  seamlessly tiling, photo-realistic images.  There are samples available
  to first time callers.  The BBS is a subscription system although callers
  have 2 hours before they must subscribe, and there are several subscription
  rates available.   People interested in materials can subscribe to the
  library in addition to a basic subscription rate, and can use their
  purchased time to download whichever materials they wish.

==========================================================================

5. Ray-tracing/graphics-related mailing lists
=============================================

Imagine
-------
  Modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  send subscription requests to Imagine-request@email.sp.paramax.com
  send material to Imagine@email.sp.paramax.com
  (Dave Wickard has substituted Steve Worley in the maintenance of
  the mailing list) - PLEASE note that the unisys.com address is
  NO longer valid!!!

Lightwave
---------
  (for the Amiga. It's part of Newtek's Video Toaster):
  send subscription requests to lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com
  send material to lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com
  (Bob Lindabury)

Toaster
-------
  send subscription requests to listserv@karazm.math.uh.edu with a *body* of:
     subscribe toaster-list

Real 3D
-------
  Another modeling and animation system for the Amiga:
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe real3d-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@gu.uwa.edu.au

Rayshade
--------
  send subscription requests to rayshade-request@cs.princeton.edu
  send material to rayshade-users@cs.princeton.edu
  (Craig Kolb)

Alladin 4D for the Amiga
----------
  send subscription requests to subscribe@xamiga.linet.org

  and in the body of the message write

  #Alladin 4D username@domain

Radiance
--------
  Greg Ward, the author, sends to registered (via e-mail) users digests of
  his correspodence with them, notes about fixes, updates, etc.
  His address is: gjward@lbl.gov

REND386
-------
  send subscription requests to rend386-request@sunee.waterloo.edu
  send material to rend386@sunee.waterloo.edu

PoV ray / DKB raytracers
------------------------
  To subscribe, send a mail containing the body

  subscribe dkb-l <Your full name>

  to listserv@trearn.bitnet

  send material to dkb-l@trearn.bitnet

Mailing List for Massively Parallel Rendering
---------------------------------------------
  send subscription requests to mp-render-request@icase.edu
  send material to mp-render@icase.edu

==========================================================================

6. 3D graphics editors
======================

a. Public domain, free and shareware systems
============================================

VISION-3D
---------
  Mac-based program written by Paul D. Bourke (pdbourke@ccu1.aukland.ac.nz).
  The program can be used to generate models directly in the RayShade
  and Radiance file formats (polygons only).
  It's shareware and listed on the FTP list.

BRL
---
  A solid modeling system for most environments -- including SGI and X11.
  It has CSG and NURBS, plus support for Non-Manifold Geometry
  [Whatever it is].

  You can get it *free* via FTP by signing and returning the relevant license,
  found on ftp.brl.mil. Uses ray-tracing for engineering analyses.

  Contact:

  Ms. Carla Moyer
  (410)-273-7794 tel.
  (410)-272-6763 FAX
  cad-dist@brl.mil E-mail

  Snail mail:

  BRL-CAD Distribution
  SURVIAC Aberdeen Satellite Office 1003
  Old Philadelphia Road,
  Suite 103 Aberdeen
  MD  21001  USA

IRIT
----
  A constructive solid geometry (CSG) modeling program for PC and X11.
  Includes freeform surface support. Free - see FTP list for where to
  find it.

SurfModel
---------
  A solid modeling program for PC written in Turbo Pascal 6.0 by
  Ken Van Camp. Available from SIMTEL, pd1:<msdos.srfmodl> directory.

NOODLES
-------
   From CMU, namely Fritz Printz and Levent Gursoz (elg@styx.edrc.cmu.edu).
   It's based on Non Manifold Topology.
   Ask them for more info, I don't know if they give it away.

XYZ2
----
  XYZ2 is an interactive 3-D editor/builder written by Dale P. Stocker to
  create objects for the SurfaceModel, Automove, and DKB raytracer packages.
  XYZ2 is free and can be found, for example, in SIMTEL20 as
  <MSDOS.SURFMODL>XYZ21.ZIP (DOS only??)

3DMOD
-----
  It's an MSDOS program. Check at barnacle.erc.clarkson.edu [128.153.28.12],
  /pub/msdos/graphics/3dmod.* . Undocumented file format :-(
  3DMOD is (C) 1991 by Micah Silverman, 25 Pierrepoint Ave., Postdam,
  New York 13676, tel. 315-265-7140

NORTHCAD
--------
  Shareware, <MSDOS.CAD>NCAD3D42.ZIP in SIMTEL20. Undocumented file format :-(

Vertex
------
  (Amiga)
  Shareware, send $40 US (check or money order) to:

  The Art Machine, 4189 Nickolas
  Sterling Heights, MI  48310
  USA

  In addition to the now standard file formats, including Lightwave,
  Imagine, Sculpt, Turbo Silver, GEO and Wavefront, this release offers
  3D Professional and RayShade support. (Rayshade is supported only by
  the primitive "triangle", but you can easily include this output in
  your RayShade scripts)

  The latest demo, version 1.62, is available on Fred Fish #727.

  For more information, contact the author, Alex Deburie, at:

  ad99s461@sycom.mi.org, Phone: (313) 939-2513
  

ICoons
------
  (Amiga)
  It's a spline based object modeller ("ICoons" = Interactive 
  COONS path editor) in amiga.physik.unizh.ch (gfx/3d/ICoons1.0.lzh).
  It's free (under the GNU Licence) and requires FPU.

  The program has a look&feel which is a cross between Journeyman and
  Imagine, and it generates objects in TTDDD format.

  It is possible to load Journeyman objects into ICoons, so the program
  can be used to convert JMan objects to Imagine format.

  Author: Helge E. Rasmussen <her@compel.dk>
  PHONE + 45 36 72 33 00, FAX   + 45 36 72 43 00

[ It's also on Fred Fish disk series n.775 - nfotis ]


ProtoCAD 3D
-----------
 Ver 1.1 from Trius (shareware?)

 It's at wsmr-simtel20.army.mil and oak.oakland.edu as PCAD3D.ZIP (for PCs)

 It has this menu layout:

         FILE       File handling (Load, Save, Import, Xport...)
         DRAW       Draw 2D objects (Line, Circle, Box...)
         3D         Draw 3D objects (Mesh, Sphere, Block...)
         EDIT       Editing features (Copy, Move ...)
         SURFACE    Modify objects (Revolve, Xtrude, Sweep...)
         IMAGE      Image zooming features (Update, Window, Half...)
         OPTION     Global defaults (Grid, Toggles, Axis...)
         PLOT       Print drawing/picture (Go, Image...)
         RENDER     Shade objects (Frame, Lighting, Tune...)
         LAYER      Layer options (Select active layer, set Colors...)

Sculptura
---------
  Runs under Windows 3.1, and outputs PoV files. A demo can be found
  on wuarchive.wustl.edu in mirrors/win3/demo/demo3d.zip

  Author: Michael Gibson <gibsonm@stein.u.washington.edu>


b. Commercial systems
=====================

Alpha_1
-------
  A spline-based modeling program written in University of Utah.
  Features: splines up to trimmed NURBS; support for boolean operations;
    sweeps, bending, warping, flattening etc.; groups of objects, and
    transformations; extensible object types.
  Applications include: NC machining, Animation utilities,
    Dimensioning, FEM analysis, etc.
  Rendering subsystem, with support for animations.
  Support the following platforms: HP 300 and 800's (X11R4, HP-UX 6.5),
    SGI 4D or PI machines (X11R4 and GL, IRIX 3.3.1), Sun SparcStation
    (X11R4, SunOS 4.1.1).
 
  Licensing and distribution is handled by EGS:
    Glenn McMinn, President
    Engineering Geometry Systems
    275 East South Temple, Suite 305
    Salt Lake City, UT  84111
    (801) 575-6021
    mcminn@cs.utah.edu

 [ Educational pricing ]
  The charge is $675 per platform.  You may run the system on as many
  different workstations of that type as you wish.  For each platform
  there is also a $250 licensing fee for Portable Standard Lisp (PSL)
  which is bundled with the system.  You need to obtain an additional
  license from the University of Utah for PSL from the following address:
    Professor Robert Kessler
    Computer Science Department
    University of Utah
    Salt Lake City, Utah 84112

  [ EGS can handle the licensing of PSL for U.S. institutions for a
    300 $USD nominal fee -- nfotis ]

VERTIGO
-------

  They have an Educational Institution Program. The package is used in
  the industrial design, architectural, scientific visualization,
  educational, broadcast, imaging and post production fields.

  They'll [quoting from a letter sent to me -- nfotis ] "donate fully
  configured Vertigo 3D Graphics Software worth over $29,000USD per
  package to qualified educational institutions for licencing on any
  number of Silicon Graphics Personal IRIS or POWER Series Workstations.
  If you use an IRIS Indigo station, we will also licence our Vertigo
  Revolution Software (worth $12,000USD).

  If you are interested in participating in this program please send a
  letter by mail or fax (604/684-2108) on your institution's letterhead
  briefly outlining your potential uses for Vertigo together with the
  following information: 1. UNIX version 2. Model and number of SGI
  systems 3. Peripheral devices 4. Third Party Software.

  Participants will be asked to contribute $750USD per institution to cover
  costs of the manual, administration, and shipping.

  We recommend that Vertigo users subscribe to our technical support
  services. For an annual fee you will receive: technical assistance
  on our support hotline, bug fixes, software upgrades and manual updates.
  For educational institution we will waive the $750 administration fee
  if support is purchased.

  The annual support fee is $2,500 plus the following cost for additional
  machines:

  Number of machines:		2-20		20+
  Additional cost per machine:	$700		$600 "

[ There's also a 5-day training program - nfotis]

Contact:
  Vertigo Technology INC
  Suite 1010
  1030 West Georgia St.
  VANCOUVER, BC
  CANADA, V6E 2Y3

  Phone: 604/684-2113
  Fax:   604/684-2108

[ Does anyone know of such offers from TDI, Alias, Softimage, Wavefront,
  etc.??? this would be a VERY interesting part!!  -- nfotis ]

PADL-2
------
[ Basically, it's a Solid Modeling Kernel in top of which you build your
  application(s)]

  Available by license from
    Cornell Programmable Automation
    Cornell University
    106 Engineering and Theory Center
    Ithaca, NY 14853

  License fees are very low for educational institutions and gov't agencies.
  Internal commercial licenses and re-dissemination licenses are available.
  For an information packet, write to the above address, or send your
  address to:   marisa@cpa.tn.cornell.edu (Richard Marisa)

ACIS
----
  From Spatial Technology. It's a Solid Modelling kernel callable from C.
  Heard that many universities got free copies from the company.
  The person to contact regarding ACIS in academic institutions is

    Scott Owens, e-mail: sdo@spatial.com

  And their address is:

  Spatial Technology, Inc.
  2425 55th St., Bldg. A
  Boulder, CO 80301-5704
  Phone: (303) 449-0649, Fax: (303) 449-0926

MOVIE-BYU / CQUEL.BYU
---------------------
  Basically [in my understanding], this is a FEM pre- and post-proccessor
  system. It's fairly old today, but it still serves some people in
  Mech. Eng. Depts.
  Now it's superseded from CQUEL.BYU (pronounced "sequel"). That's a
  complete modelling, animation and visualization package. Runs in the usual
  workstation environments (SUN, DEC, HP, SGI, IBM RS6000, and others)
  You can get a demo version (30-days trial period) either by sending $20
  USD in their address or a blank tape. It costs 1,500 for a full run-time
  licence.

  Contact:

  Engineering Computer Graphics Lab
  368 Clyde Building, Brigham Young Univ.
  Provo, UT 84602
  Phone: 801-378-2812
  E-mail: cquel@byu.edu


twixt
-----
  Soon to add stuff about it... If I get a reply to my FAX

VOXBLAST
--------
  It's a volume renderer marketed by:
  Vaytek Inc. (Fairfield, Iowa phone: 515-472-2227) , running on PCs
  with 386+FPU at least.  Call Vaytek for more info.

VoxelBox
--------
  A 3D Volume renderer for Windows. Features include direct
  ray-traced volume rendering, color and alpha mapping,
  gradient lighting, animation, reflections and shadows.

  Runs on a PC(386 or higher) with at least an 8 bit video card(SVGA is fine)
  under Windows 3.x. It costs $495.

  Contact:

  Jaguar Software Inc.
  573 Main St., Suite 9B
  Winchester, MA 01890
  (617) 729-3659
  jwp@world.std.com (john w poduska)

==========================================================================

7. Scene description languages
==============================

NFF
---
  Neutral file format , by Eric Haines. Very simple, there are some
  procedural database generators in the SPD package, and many objects
  floating in various FTP sites. There's also a previewer written in
  HP Starbase from E.Haines. Also there's one written in VOGLE, so you can
  use any of the devices VOGLE can output on.
  (Check in sites carrying VOGLE, like gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au)

OFF
---
  Object file format, from DEC's Randy Rost (rost@kpc.com).
[ The object archive server seems to be mothballed. In a future version,
 I'll remove the ref. to it -- nfotis ]

  Available also through their mail server. To obtain help about using this
  service, send a message with a "Subject:" line containing only the word
  "help" and a null message body to: object-archive-server@decwrl.dec.com.
  [For FTP places to get it, see in the relevant place]. There's an OFF
  previewer for SGI 4D machines, called off-preview in
  godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au . There are previewers for xview and sunview,
  also on gondwana.

TDDD
----
It's a library of 3D objects with translators to/from OFF, NFF,
Rayshade, Imagine or vort objects.
Edited copy of the announcement follows (from Raytracing News, V4,#3):

  New Library of 3D Objects Available via FTP, by Steve Worley
  (worley@cup.portal.com)

  I have assembled a set of over 150 3D objects in a binary format
  called TDDD. These objects range from human figures to airplanes,
  from semi-trucks to lampposts.  These objects are all freely
  distributable, and most have READMEs that describe them.

  In order to convert these objects to a human-readable format, a file
  with the specification of TDDD is included in the directory with the
  objects. There is also a shareware system called TTDDDLIB (officially
  on hubcap.clemson.edu) that will convert (ala PBM+) to/from various
  object formats : Imagine TTDDD (extension of TDDD?), OFF, NFF,
  Rayshade 4.0, or vort. Source included for Amiga/Unix as executables
  for the Amiga. Also outputs Framemaker MIF files and isometric views
  in Postscript.

P3D
---
  From Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center. The P3D uses lisp with slight
  extensions to store three-dimensional models. A simple lisp
  interpreter is included with the P3D release, so there is no need to
  have access to any vendor's lisp to run this software.

  The mouse-driven user interfaces for Motif, Open Look, and Silicon
  Graphics GL, and the DrawP3D subroutine library for generating P3D
  without ever looking at the underlying Lisp.

  The P3D software currently supports nine renderers.  They are:
  Painter - Painter's Algorithm, Dore, Silicon Graphics Inc. GL language,
  Generic Phigs, Sun Phigs+, DEC Phigs+, Rayshade, ART ray tracer (from
  VORT package) and Pixar RenderMan.

  The code is available via anonymous FTP from the machines
  ftp.psc.edu, directory pub/p3d, and nic.funet.fi, directory
  pub/graphics/programs/p3d.

RenderMan
---------
  Pixar's RenderMan is not free - call Pixar for details.

==========================================================================

8. Solids description formats
=============================

a. EEC's ESPRIT project 322 CAD*I (CAD Interfaces) has developed a
  neutral file format for transfer of CAD data (curves, surfaces, and
  solid models between CAD systems and from CAD to CAA (Computer Aided
  Analysis) an CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)

b. IGES [v. 5.1 now] tries to define a standard to tranfer solid
  models - Brep and CSG. The current standard number is ANSI Y14.26M-1987
  For documentation, you might want to contact Nancy Flower at
  NCGA Technical Services and Standards, 1-800-225-6242 ext. 325
  and the cost is $100.
  This standard is not available in electronic format.

c. PDES/STEP : This slowly emerging standard tries to encompass not only
  the geometrical information, but also for things like FEM, etc.
  The main bodies besides this standard are NIST and DARPA. You can get
  more information about PDES by sending mail to nptserver@cme.nist.gov
  and putting the line
	send index
  in the body (NOT the Subject:) area of the message.

  The people at Rutherford Appleton Lab.  are also working
  on STEP tools: they have an EXPRESS compiler and an Exchange file parser,
  both available in source form (and for free) for research purposes.
  Soon they will also have an EXPRESS-based database system.

  For the tools contact Mike Mead, Phone: +44 (0235) 44 6710 (FAX: x 5893),
  e-mail: mm@inf.rl.ac.uk or {...!}mcsun!uknet!rlinf!mm or
          mm%inf.rl.ac.uk@NSFnet-relay.ac.uk

==========================================================================

End of Part 1 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38852
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (27 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 2/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part2
Last-modified: 1993/04/27


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 2/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 27 April 1993


14. Plotting packages
=====================

Gnuplot 3.2
-----------
  It is one of the best 2- and 3-D plotting packages, with
  online help.It's a command-line driven interactive function plotting utility
  for UNIX, MSDOS, Amiga, Archimedes, and VMS platforms (at least!).
  Freely distributed, it supports many terminals, plotters, and printers
  and is easily extensible to include new devices.
  It was posted to comp.sources.misc in version 3.0, plus 2 patches.
  You can practically find it everywhere (use Archie to find a site near you!).
  The comp.graphics.gnuplot newsgroup is devoted to discussion of Gnuplot.

Xvgr and Xmgr (ACE/gr)
-----------------------
  Xmgr is an XY-plotting tool for UNIX workstations using
  X or OpenWindows. There is an XView version called xvgr for
  Suns. Collectively, these 2 tools are known as ACE/gr.
  Compiling xmgr requires the Motif toolkit version 1.1
  and X11R4 - xmgr will not compile under X11R3/Motif 1.0x.

  Check at ftp.ccalmr.ogi.edu [129.95.72.34} in
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xmgr-2.09.tar.Z (Motif version)
  /CCALMR/pub/acegr/xvgr-2.09.tar.Z (XView version)

  Comments, suggestions, bug reports to Paul J Turner
  <pturner@amb4.ese.ogi.edu> (if mail fails, try pturner@ese.ogi.edu).
  Due to time constraints, replies will be few and far between.

Robot
-----
  Release 0.45 : 2-D and limited 3-D. Based on XView 3, written
  in C / Fortran (so you need a Fortran compiler or the f2c translator).
  Mainly tested on Sun4, less on DECstations. Check at
  ftp.astro.psu.edu (128.118.147.28),  pub/astrod.

VG plotting library
-------------------
  This is a library of Fortran callable routines at sunspot.ceee.nist.gov
  [129.6.64.151]

Xgobi
-----
  It's being developed at Bellcore, and its speciality are
  multidimensional data sets analysis and exploration. You can call it
  from the S language also, and it works as an X11 client using the Athena
  widget set (or with an ASCII terminal). It's distributed free of charge
  from STATLIB at CMU.
  To get it via e-mail, send email to statlib@temper.stat.cmu.edu and
  in the body area of the message, put the line

  send xgobi from general

  If you want to pick it via ftp, connect to lib.stat.cmu.edu. Log in as
  "statlib" and use your e-mail address as your password. Then type

  cd general
  mget xgobi.*

  Warning: It's about 2 MB sources + large Postscript manual. Read the
  relevant README to decide whether you need it or not.

PGPLOT
------
  Runs on VAX/VMS and supposedly on UNIX. It's a set of fortran routines freely
  available (though copyrighted and requiring a nominal fee of $50 or so)
  that includes contour plots and support for various devices, including ps.
  Contact tjp@deimos.caltech.edu

GGRAPH
------
  Host shorty.cs.wisc.edu [128.105.2.8] : /pub/ggraph.tar.Z
  Unknown more details.

epiGRAPH
--------
  For PCs. Call dvj@lab2.phys.lgu.spb.su (Vladimir J. Dmitriev) for details.
  You can get the program demo or (and) play version, if sent 10 $ to

        1251 Budapest posta fiok 60
        Hungary
        ph/fax 1753696  Budapest
        ph     2017760

Multiplot XLN
-------------
  For Amigas, shareware ($30 USD, #20 UK or $40 Aust.). Advanced 2D package
  that has a big list of features. Contact:

  Dr. Alan Baxter <agb16@mbuc.bio.cam.ac.uk>,
  Cambridge University
  Department of Pathology,
  Tennis Court Road,
  Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK


Athena Plotter Widget set
-------------------------
  
  This version V6.0 is based on Gregory Bond's version V5-beta. Added
  some stuff for scientific graphs, i.e. log axes, free scalable axes,
  XY-lineplots and some more, and re-added plotter callbacks from V4, e.g.
  to request the current pointer position, or to cut off a rectangle from the
  plotting area for zooming-in. Version V6.0 has a log of bugs fixed and a
  log of improvements against V6-beta. Additionally I did some other
  changes/extensions, besides 
  
  -     Origin and frame lines for axes.
  -     Subgrid lines on subtic positions.
  -     Line plots in different line types (lines, points, lines+points,
   impulses, lines+impulses, steps, bars), line styles (solid, dotted,
   dashed, dot-dashed) and marker types for data points.
  -     Legend at the right or left hand side of the plot.
  -     Optional drawing to a pixmap instead of a window.
  -     Layout callback for aligning axis positions when using
   multiple plotters in one application.
  
  Available at export.lcs.mit.edu, directory contrib/plotter

SciPlot
-------
  SciPlot is a scientific 2D plotting and manipulation program. 
  For the NeXT (requires NeXTStep 3.0), and it's shareware.

  Features:
  ASCII import and export;  EPS export; copy, cut, paste with data buffer;
  free number of data points, data buffer, and document window;
  selective open and save ; plotting in many styles; automatic legend;
  subviews; linear and logarithmic axes; two different axes; text and graphic;
  color support; zoom; normalizing and moving; axis conversions;
  free hand data manipulations (cut, edit, move, etc.); data editor; sorting
  of data; absolute,relative, and free defined error bars;
  calculating with buffers (+, -, *, / ); background subtractions
  (linear,shirley,tougaard, bezier); integration and relative integration;
  fitting of one or more free defined functions; linear regression;
  calculations (+, -, *, /, sin, cos, log, etc.); function generator;
  spline interpolation; least square smooth and FFT smooth; differentiation;
  FFT; ESCA calculations and database; .. and something more 

  You can find it on:
  ftp.cs.tu-berlin.de [130.149.17.7] : /pub/NeXT/science/SciPlot3.1.tar.Z

  Author:
  Michael Wesemann
  Scillerstr. 73,1000 Berlin 12, Germany   
  mike@fiasko.rz-berlin.mpg.de

PLPLOT
------
  PLPLOT is a scientific plotting package for many systems, small (micro)
  and large (super) alike.  Despite its small size and quickness,
  it has enough power to satisfy most users, including:
  standard x-y plots, semilog plots, log-log plots, contour plots, 3D plots,
  mesh plots, bar charts and pie charts.  Multiple graphs (of the same or
  different sizes) may be placed on a single page with multiple lines in each
  graph.  Different line styles, widths and colors are supported.  A virtually
  infinite number of distinct area fill patterns may be used.  There are
  almost 1000 characters in the extended character set.  This includes four
  different fonts, the Greek alphabet and a host of mathematical, musical, and
  other symbols.  The fonts can be scaled to any size for various effects.
  Many different output device drivers are available (system dependent),
  including a portable metafile format and renderer.
  
  Freely available (but copyrighted) via anonymous FTP on
  hagar.ph.utexas.edu, directory pub/plplot
  
  At present (v. 4.13), PLPLOT is known to work on the following systems:
  
  Unix:   SunOS, A/IX, HP-UX, Unicos, DG/UX, Ultrix
  Other platforms: VMS, Amiga/Exec, MS-DOS, OS/2, NeXT
  
  Authors: Many. The main supporters are:
  
  Maurice LeBrun <mjl@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: PLPLOT kernel and the metafile,
     xterm, xwindow, tektronix, and Amiga drivers.
  Geoff Furnish <furnish@fusion.ph.utexas.edu>: MS-DOS and OS/2 drivers
  Tony Richardson <amr@egr.duke.edu>: PLPLOT on the NeXT

SuperMongo
----------
  2-D plotting package at CMU, filename ~re00/tmp/SM.2.1.0.tar.Z
  (probably under the ftp.cmu.edu or andrew.cmu.edu machines?)

GLE
---
  GLE is a high quality graphics package for scientists.  It runs on a
  variety of platforms (PCs, VAXes, and Unix) with drivers for XWindows,
  REGIS, TEK4010, PC graphics cards, VT100s, HP plotters, Postscript
  printers, Epson-compatible printers and Laserjet/Paintjet printers.  It
  provides LaTEX quality fonts, as well as full support for Postscript
  fonts.  The graphing module provides full control over all features of
  graphs.  The graphics primitives include user-defined subroutines for
  complex pictures and diagrams.

  Accompanying utilities include Surface (for hidden line surface
  plotting), Contour (for contour plots), Manip (for manipulation of
  columnar data files), and Fitls (for fitting arbitrary equations to
  data).

+ Available via anon. FTP at these places:
+
+ PC gle: SIMTEL, wuarchive.wustl.edu, and other mirrors, msdos/graphics/gle*.*
+ UNIX gle: zephyr.grace.cri.nz (131.203.1.5), pub/gle/unix
+ VMS gle: zephyr.grace.cri.nz (131.203.1.5), pub/gle/vms

  Mailing list: GLEList. Send a message to

  listserver@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu, with a message boyd containing

  sub glelist "Your Name"
  
  maintainer: Dean Pentcheff <dean2@tbone.biol.scarolina.edu>

==========================================================================

15. Image analysis software - Image processing and display
==========================================================

PC and Mac-based tools (multi-platform software)
======================

IMDISP
------
  IMDISP Written at JPL and other NASA sites. Can do simple display,
  enhancing, smoothing and so on. Works with the FITS and VICAR/PDS
  data formats of NASA. Can read TIFF images, if you know their dimensions
  [PC and Macs]

LabVIEW 2
---------
  LabVIEW is used as a framework for image processing tools. It provides a
  graphical programming environment using block diagram sketch is the
  "program" with graphical elements representing the programming elements.
  Hundreds of functions are already available and are connected using a
  wiring tool to create the block diagram (program).  Functions that the
  block diagrams represent include digital signal processing and
  filtering, numerical analysis, statistics, etc.  The tool allows any
  Virtual Instrument (VI, a software file that looks and acts like a real
  laboratory instrument) to be used as a part of any other virtual
  instrument.

  National Instruments markets plug-in digital signal processing (DSP)
  boards for Macintoshs and PC compatables that allow real-time
  acquisition and analysis at a personal computer.  New software tools for
  DSP are allowing engineers to harness the power of this technology. The
  tools range from low-level debugging software to high-level block
  diagram development software.  There are three levels of DSP programming
  associated with the NB-DSP2300 board and LabVIEW:
  Use of the NB-DSP2300 Analysis Library: FFTs, power spectra, filters
  routines callable from THINK C and Macintosh Programers Workshop (MPW) C
  that execute on the NB-DSP2300 board. There is an analysis Virtual
  Interface Library of ready-to-use VIs optimized for the NB-DSP2300.

  Use of the National Instruments Developers Toolkit that includes an
  optimizing C compiler, an assembler and a linker for low-level
  programming of the DSP hardware.  This approach offers the highest level
  of performance but is the must difficult in terms of ease of use.

  Use of the National Instruments Interface Kit software package which has
  utility functions for memory management data communications and
  downloading code to the NB-DSP2300 board. (This is the easiest route for
  the development of custom code.)

Ultimage Concept VI
-------------------
  Concept VI  by Graftek-France is a family of image processing Virtual
  Instruments (VIs) that give LabVIEW 2 (described above) users high-end
  tools for designing, integrating and monitoring imaging control systems.
  A VI is a software file that looks and acts like a real laboratory
  instrument. Typical applications for Concept VI include thermography,
  surveillance, machine vision, production testing, biomedical imaging,
  electronic microscopy and remote sensing.

  Ultimage Concept VI addresses applications which require further
  qualitative and quantitative analysis.  It includes a complete set of
  functions for image enhancement, histogram equalization, spatial and
  frequency filtering, isolation of features, thresholding, mathematical
  morphology analysis, density measurement, object counting, sizing and
  characterization.

  The program loads images with a minimum resolution of 64 by 64, a pixel
  depth of 8, 16, or 32 bits, and one image plane.  Standard input and
  output formats include PICT, TIFF, SATIE, and AIPD.  Other formats can
  be imported.

  Image enhancement features include lookup table transformations, spatial
  linear and non-linear filters, frequency filtering, arithmetic and logic
  operations, and geometric transformations, among others.  Morphological
  transformations include erosion, dilation, opening, closing, hole
  removal, object separation, and extraction of skeletons, among others.
  Quantitative analysis provides for objects' detection, measurement, and
  morphological distribution.  Measures include area, perimeter, center of
  gravity, moment of inertia, orientation, length of relevant chords, and
  shape factors and equivalence.  Measures are saved in ASCII format.  The
  program also provides for macro scripting and integration of custom
  modules.

  A 3-D view command plots a perspective data graph where image intensity
  is depicted as mountains or valleys in the plot.  The histogram tool can
  be plotted with either a linear or logarithmic scale. The twenty-eight
  arithmetic and logical operations provide for: masking and averaging
  sections of images, noise removal, making comparisons, etc.  There are
  13 spatial filters that alter pixel intensities based on local
  intensity.  These include high-pass filters for contrast and outlines.
  The frequency data resulting from FFT analysis can be displayed as
  either the (real , imaginary ) components or the (phase, magnitude)
  data.  The morphological transformations are useful for data sharpening
  and defining objects or for removing artifacts.

  The transformations include: thresholding, eroding, dilating and even
  hole filling.

  The program's quantitative analysis measurements include: area,
  perimeter, center of mass, object counts, and angle between points.

  GTFS, Inc. 2455 Bennett Valley Road #100C Santa Rosa, CA 95494
  707-579-1733

IPLab Spectrum
--------------
  IPLAB Spectrum supports image processing and analysis but lacks the
  morphology and quantitative analysis features provided by
  Graftek-FranceUs Ultimage Concept VI.  Using scripting tools, the user
  tells the system the operations to be performed. The problem is that far
  too many basic operations require manual intervention. The tool
  supports: FFTs, 16 arithmetic operations for pixel alteration, and a
  movie command for cycling through windows.


Macintosh-based tools
=====================

NCSA Image, NCSA PalEdit and more
---------------------------------
  NCSA provides a whole suite of public-domain visualization tools for the
  Macintosh, primarily aimed at researchers wanting to visualize results
  from numerical modelling calculations.  These applications,
  documentation, and source code are available for anonymous ftp from
  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu. Commercial versions of the NCSA programs have been
  developed by Spyglass.

  Spyglass, Inc. 701 Devonshire Drive Champaign, IL  61820 (217) 355-6000
  fax: 217 355 8925

NIH IMAGE
---------
  Available at alw.nih.gov (128.231.128.7) or (preferably)
  zippy.nimh.nih.gov [128.231.98.32], directory:/pub/image.
  It has painting and image manipulation tools, a macro language,
  tools for measuring areas, distances and angles, and for counting
  things. Using a frame grabber card, it can record sequences of
  images to be played back as a movie. It can invoke user-defined
  convolution matrix filters, such as Gaussian. It can import raw
  data in tab-delimited ASCII, or as 1 or 2-byte quantities. It also
  does histograms and even 3-D plots. It is limited to 8-bits/pixel,
  though the 8 bits map into a color lookup table. It runs on any Mac
  that has a 256-color screen and a FPU (or get the NonFPU version
  from zippy.nimh.nih.gov)

PhotoMac
--------
  Data Translation, Inc. 100 Locke Dr. Marlboro, MA 01752 508-481-3700

PhotoPress
----------
  Blue Solutions 3039 Marigold Place Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 805-492-9973

PixelTools and TCL-Image
------------------------
  "Complete family of PixelTools (hardware accelerator and applications
  software) for scientific image processing and analysis.  Video-rate
  capture, display, processing, and analysis of high-resolution
  monochromatic and color images.  Includes C source code."

TCL-Image:
  "Software package for scientific, quantitative image processing and
  analysis. It provides a complete language for the capture, enhancement,
  and extraction of quantitative information from gray-scale images.
  TCL_Image has over 200 functions for image processing, and contains the
  other elements needed in a full programming language for algorithm
  development -- variables and control structures.  It is easily
  extensible through "script" (or indirect command) files. These script
  files are simply text files that contain TCL-Image commands.  They are
  executed as normal commands and include the ability to pass parameters.
  The direct capture of video images is supported via popular frame
  grabber boards.  TCL-Image comes with the I-View utility that provides
  conversion between common image file types, such as PICT2 and TIFF."

  Perceptics 725 Pellissippi Parkway Knoxville, TN 37933 615-966-9200

Satellite Image Workshop
------------------------
  It comes with a number of satellite pictures (raw data) and does all
  sorts of image enhancing on it. You'll need at least a Mac II with co-
  processor; a 256 color display and a large harddisk. The program doesn't
  run under system 7.x.ATE1 V1

  In the documentation the contact address is given as:  Liz Smith, Jet
  Propulsion Laboratory, MS 300-323, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,.Pasadena, CA 91109
  (818) 354-6980

Visualization Workbench
-----------------------
  "An electronic imaging software system that performs interactive image
  analysis and scientific 2D and 3D plotting."

  Paragon Imagine 171 Lincoln St. Lowell, MA 01852 508-441-2112

Adobe Photoshop
---------------

  The tool supports Rtrue colorS with 24-bit images or 256 levels of grey
  scale.  Once an image has been imported it can be Rre-touchedS with
  various editing tools typical of those used in Macintosh-based RpaintS
  applications.  These include an eraser, pencil, brush and air brush.
  Advanced RpasteS tools that control the interaction between a pasted
  selection and the receiving site have also been incorporated.  For
  example, all red pixels in a selection can easily be preventing from
  being pasted. Photoshop has transparencies ranging from 0 to 100%,
  allowing you to create ghost overlays.  RPhoto-editingS tools include
  control of the brightness and contrast, color balancing, hue/saturation
  modification and spectrum equalization.  Images can be subjected to
  various signal processing algorithms to smooth or sharpen the image,
  blur edges, or locate edges.  Image scaling is also supported.

  For storage savings, the images can be compressed using standard
  algorithms, including externally supplied compression such as JPEG,
  availlable from Storm Technologies. The latest version of Adobe
  Photoshop supports the import of numerous image formats including: EPSF,
  EPSF, TIFF, PICT resource, Amiga IFF/ILBM, CompuServe GIF, MacPaint,
  PIXAR, PixelPaint, Scitex CT, TGA and ThunderScan..

  Adobe Systems, Inc. 1585 Charlestown Road PO Box 7900 Mountain View, CA
  94039-7900 415-961-4400

ColorStudio and ImageStudio
---------------------------
  ColorStudio is an image-editing and paint package from Letraset that has
  more features than Adobe Photoshop but is decidedly more complex and
  therefore more difficult to use.  Several steps are often required to
  accomplish that which can be done in a single step using Photoshop.  The
  application requires a great deal of available disk space as one can
  easily end up with images in the 30 MB range.  The program provides a
  variety of powerful selection tools including the "auto selection tool"
  which lets the user choose image areas on the basis of color, close
  hues, color range and mask.

ImageStudio: Don't know...

  Letraset USA 40 Eisenhower Drive Paramus, NJ 07653 201-845-6100

Dapple Systems
--------------
  "High resolution image analysis software provides processing tools to
  work with multiple images, enhance and edit, and measure a variety of
  global or feature parameters, and interpret the data."

  Dapple Systems, 355 W. Olive Ave, #100 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-733-3283

Digital Darkroom
----------------
  The latest release of Digital Darkroom has five new selection and
  editing tools for enhancing images. One such feature allows the user to
  select part of an image simply by "painting" it. A new polyline
  selection tool creates a selection tool for single pixel wide
  selections.  A brush lets the operator "paint" with a selected portion
  of the image. Note that this is not a true color image enhancement tool.
  This tool should be used when the user intends to operate in grey-scale
  images only.  It should be noted that Digital Darkroom is not as
  powerful as either Adobe Photoshop or ColorStudio.

  Silicon Beach Software 9770 Carroll Ctr. Rd., Suite J San Diego, CA
  92126 619-695-6956

Dimple
------
  It  is compatible with system 6.05 and system 7.0 , requires Mac LC or
  II series with 256 colours, with a recommended min of 6Mb of ram. It has
  the capability of reading Erdas files. Functions include; image
  enhancement, 3D and contour plots, image statistics, supervised and
  unsupervised classification, PCA and other image transformations. There
  is also a means (Image Operation Language or IOL) by which you can write
  your own transformations. There is no image rectification, however
  Dimple is compatable with MAPII. The latest version is 1.4 and it is in
  the beta stage of testing. Dimple was initially developed as a teaching
  tool and it is very good for this purpose."

  "Dimple  runs on a colour Macintosh.  It is a product still in its
  development phase.. i.e. it doesn't have all the inbuilt features of
  other packages, but is coming along nicely.  It has its own inbuilt
  language for writing "programs" for processing an image, defining
  convolution filters etc. Dimple is a full mac application with pull down
  menus etc... It is unprotected software."

  Process Software Solutions, PO Box 2110, Wollongong, New South Wales,
  Australia. 2500. Phone 61 42 261757  Fax 61 42 264190.

Enhance
-------
  Enhance has a RrulerS tool that supports measurements and additionally
  provides angle data. The tool has over 80 mathematical filter
  variations: "Laplacian, medium noise filter", etc.  Files can be saved
  as either TIFF, PICT, EPSF or text (however EPSF files can't be imported).

  MicroFrontier 7650 Hickman Road Des Moines, IA  50322 515-270-8109

Image Analyst
-------------
  An image processing product for users who need to extract quantitative
  data from video images.  Image Analyst lets users configure
  sophisticated image processing and measurement routines without the
  necessity of knowing a programming language.  It is designed for such
  tasks at computing number and size of cells in images projected by video
  cameras attached to microscopes, or enhancing and measuring distances in
  radiographs.

  Image Analyst provides users with an array of field-proven video
  analysis techniques that enable them to easily assemble a sequence of
  instructions to enhance feature appearance; count objects; determine
  density, shape, size, position, or movement; perform object feature
  extraction; and conduct textural analysis automatically.  Image Analyst
  works with either a framegrabber board and any standard video camera, or
  a disk-stored image.

  Within minutes, without the need for programming, the Image Analyst user
  can set up a process to identify and analyze any element of a image.
  Measurements and statistics can be automatically or semi-automatically
  generated from TIFF or PICT files or from captured video tape images.
  Image Analyst recognizes items in images based on their size, shape and
  position.  The tool provides direct support for the Data Translation and
  Scion frame grabbers. A menu command allows for image capture from a VCR
  video camera or other NTSC or PAL devices.

  There are 2 types of files, the image itself and the related Sequence
  file that holds the processing, measurements and analysis that the user
  defines.  Automated sequences are set up in Regions Of Interest (ROI)
  represented by movable, sizable boxes atop the image.  Inside a ROI, the
  program can find the distance between two edges, the area of a shape,
  the thickness of a wall, etc.  Image Analyst finds the center, edge and
  other positions automatically. The application also provides tools so
  that the user can work interactively to find the edge of object. It also
  supports histograms and a color look-up table (CLUT) tool.

  Automatix, Inc. 775 Middlesex Turnpike Billerica, MA 01821 508-667-7900

IPLab
-----
  Signal Analytics Corp. 374 Maple Ave. E Vienna, VA  22180 703-281-3277
  FAX 703-281-2509

  "Menu-driven image processing software that supports 24-bit color or
  pseudocolor/grayscale image display and manipulation."

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II distributed by John Wiley has
  integrated image analysis.

IMAGE
-----
  from Stanford : Try anonymous ftp from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
  It has pd source for image v2, and ready to run code for a mac under
  image v3.



Windows/DOS PC-based tools
==========================

CCD
---
  Richard Berry's CCD imaging book for Willamon-Bell contains (optional?)
  disks with image manipulating software.  Source code is included.

ERDAS
-----
  "ERDAS will do all of the things you want:  rectification,
  classification, transformations (canned & user-defined), overlays,
  filters, contrast enhancement, etc. ... I was using it on my thesis &
  then changed the topic a bit & that work became secondary."

  ERDAS, Inc. 2801 Buford Highway Suite 300 Atlanta, GA 30329 404-248-9000
  FAX   404-248-9400

RSVGA
-----
  "I have been getting up to speed on a program called RSVGA available from
  Eidetic Digital Image Ltd. in British Columbia.  Its for IBM PC's or
  clones, cheap (about $400) and does all the stuff Erdas does but is not
  as fast or as powerful, though I have had only limited experience with
  Erdas.  I have used RSVGA with 6 of 7 Landsat bands and it is a good
  starter program except for the obtuse manual"

IMAGINE-32
----------
  It's a 32 bit package [I suppose for PCs] called "Imagine32"
  or "Image32" The program does a modest amount of image processing --add,
  subtract, multiply, divide, display, and plot an x or y cut across the image.
  It can also display a number of images simultaneously.
  The company is CompuScope, in Santa Barbara, CA. 

PC Vista
--------
  It was announced in the 1989 August edition of PASP.  It is known to
  be available from Mike Richmond, whose email addresses have been

	richmond@bllac.berkeley.edu
	richmond@bkyast.berkeley.edu

  and his s-mail address is:

  Michael Richmond,Astronomy Department, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720

  The latest version of PC-Vista, version 1.7, includes not only the source
  code and help files, but also a complete set of executable programs and
  a number of sample FITS images. If you do wish to use the source code,
  you will need Microsoft C, version 5.0 or later; other compilers may work,
  but will require substantial modifications.

  To receive the documentation and nine double-density (360K) floppies
  (or three quad-density 3-1/2 inch floppies (1.44M) with everything on them,
  just send a request for PC-Vista, together with your name and a US-Mail
  address, to 

	Office of Technology Licensing
	2150 Shattuck Ave., Suite 510
	Berkeley, Ca. 94704

  Include a check (Traveller's Checks are fine) or purchase order for $150.00
  in U.S. dollars, if your address is inside the continental U.S., or $165.00
  otherwise, made out to Regents of the University of California
  to cover duplication and mailing costs.


SOFTWARE TOOLS
--------------
  It's a set of software "tools" put out by Canyon State
  Systems and Software. They are not free, but rather cheap at about $30 I
  heard. It will handle most all of the formats used by frame grabber
  software. 

MIRAGE
------
  It's image processing software written by Jim Gunn at the
  Astrophysics Dept at Princeton. It will run on a PC among other platforms.
  It is a Forth based system - i.e. a Forth language with many image
  processing displaying functions built in. 

DATA TRANSLATION SOURCE BOOK
----------------------------
  The Data Translation company in Massachusetts publishes a free book
  containing vendors of data analysis hardware and software which is
  compatible with Data Translation and other frame grabbers.
  Surely you can find much more PC-related stuff in it.

MAXEN386
--------
  A couple of Canadians have written a program named MAXEN386 which does
  maximum entropy image deconvolution. Their company is named Digital
  Signal Processing Software, or something like that, and the software is
  mentioned in an article in Astronomy Magazine, either Jan or Feb 92
  (an article on CCD's vs film). 

JANDEL SCIENTIFIC (JAVA)
------------------------
  Another software package (JAVA) is put out by Jandel Scientific. 
  Jandel Scientific, 65 Koch Road, Corte Madera, CA 94925, (415) 924-8640,
  (800) 874-1888.

Microbrian
----------
  Runs on an MS dos platform and uses a 32 bit graphics card
  (Vista), or an about to be released version will support a number of
  super VGA cards.  Its a full blown remote sensed data processing
  system.. It is menu driven (character based screen), but is does not use
  a windowed user interface. Its is hardware protected with a dongle.
  Mbrian = micro Barrier reef Image Anaysis System. It was developed by
  CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Organization) and is
  marketed/ supported by:

  MPA Australia (51 Lusher Road, Croydon, Victoria
  tel + 61 3 724 4488     fax  +61 3 724 4455)

  There are educational and commercial prices, but be prepared to set
  aside $A10k for the first educational licence.  Subsequent ones come
  cheaper (they need to!) It has installed sites worldwide.  It is widely
  used at ANU.

MicroImage
----------
  The remote sensing lab here at Dartmouth currently uses Terra-Mar's
  MicroImage, on 486 PCs with some fancy display hardware.

  Terra-Mar Resource Information Services, Inc.

  1937 Landings Drive Mountain View, CA  94043 415-964-6900   FAX
  415-964-5430

Unix-based tools
================

IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility)
--------------------------------------------
  Developed in the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Kitt Peak AZ
  It is free, you can ftp it from tucana.noao.edu [140.252.1.1]
  and complement it with STSDAS from stsci.edu [130.167.1.2].
  Email to iraf@noao.edu for more details.
  Apparently this is one of the _de facto_ standards in the astronomical
  image community. They issue a newsletter also.
  They seem to support very well their users. Works with VMS also last
  I heard, and practically has its own shell on top of the VMS/Unix shells.

  It's suggested that you get a copy of saoimage for display under X windows.
  Very flexible/extendable  -- tons (literally 3 linear feet) of
  documentation for the general user, skilled user, and programmer.

ALV
---
  A Sun-specific image toolkit.  Version 2.0.6 posted to
  comp.sources.sun on 11dec89.  Also available via email to
  alv-users-request@cs.bris.ac.uk.

AIPS
----
  Astronomical Image Processing System.  Contact: aipsmail@nrao.edu
  (also see the UseNet Newsgroups alt.sci.astro.aips and sci.astro.fits)
  Built by NRAO (National Radio Astronomy Observatory, HQ in Charlottesville,
  VA, sites in NM, AZ, WV).  Software distributed by 9-track, Exabyte, DAT,
  or (non-anonymous) internet ftp.  Documentation (PostScript mostly)
  available via anonymous ftp to baboon.cv.nrao.edu (192.33.115.103),
  directory pub/aips and pub/aips/TEXT/PUBL.  Installation requires building
  the system and thus a Fortran and C compiler.
     This package can read and write FITS data (see sci.astro.fits), and is
  primarily for reduction, analysis, and image enhancement of Radio Astronomy
  data from radio telescopes, particularly the Very Large Array (VLA), a
  synthesis instrument.  It consists of almost 300 programs that do everything
  from copying data to sophisticated deconvolution, e.g. via maximum entropy.
  There is an X11-based Image tool (XAS) and a tek-compatible xterm-based
  graphics tool built into AIPS.  The XAS tool is modelled after the hardware
  functionality of the International Imaging Systems model 70 display unit and
  can do image arithmetic, etc.
    The code is mostly Fortran 77 with some system C language modules, and is
  available for Suns, IBM RS/6000, Dec/Ultrix, Convex, Cray (Unicos), and
  Alliant with support planned for HP-9000/7xx, Solaris 2.1, and maybe SGI.
     There is currently a project - "AIPS++" - underway to rewrite the
  algorithmic functionality of AIPS in a modern setting, using C++ and an
  object oriented approach.  Whereas AIPS is proprietary code (licensed for
  free to non-profit institutions) owner by NRAO and the NSF, AIPS++ will be
  in the public domain at some level, as it is an international effort with
  contributions from the US, Canada, England, the Netherlands, India, and
  Australia to name a few. 

LABOimage
---------
  (version 4.0 is out for X11) It's written in C, and currently
  runs on Sun 3/xxx, Sun 4/xxx (OS3.5, 4.0 and 4.0.3) under SunView.
  The expert system for image segmentation is written in Allegro Common Lisp.
  It was used on the following domains: computer science (image analysis), 
  medicine, biology, physics. It is distributed free of charge (source code).
  Available via anonymous FTP at ftp.ads.com (128.229.30.16), in
  pub/VISION-LIST-ARCHIVE/SHAREWARE/LaboImage_*

  Contact: Prof. Thierry Pun, Computer Vision Group Computing Science Center,
  U-Geneva 12, rue du Lac, CH-1207 Geneva SWITZERLAND
  Phone : +41(22) 787 65 82; fax: +41(22) 735 39 05
  E-mail: pun@cui.unige.ch  or pun@cgeuge51.bitnet


Figaro
------
  It was originally made for VMS, and can be obtained from
  Keith Shortridge in Australia (ks@aaoepp.aao.gov.au)
  and for Unix from Sam Southard at Caltech (sns@deimos.caltech.edu).
  It's about 110Mbytes on a Sun.

KHOROS
------
  Moved to the Scientific  Visualization category below

Vista
-----
  The "real thing" is available via anonymous ftp from lowell.edu. Email to
  vista@lowell.edu for more details. Total size less than 20Mbytes.

DISIMP
------
  (Device Independent Software for Image Processing) is a powerful
  system providing both user friendliness and high functionality in
  interactive times.

  Feature Description

  DISIMP incorporates a rich library of image processing utilities and
  spatial data options. All functions can be easily accessed via the
  DISIMP executive. This menu is modular in design and groups image
  processes by their function. Such a logical structure means that
  complicated processes are simply a progression through a series of
  modules.

  Processes include image rectification, classification (unsupervised and
  supervised), intensity transformations, three dimensional display and
  Principal Component Analysis. DISIMP also supports the more simple and
  effective enhancement techniques of filtering, band subtraction and
  ratioing.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Running on UNIX workstations, DISIMP is capable of processing the more
  computational intensive techniques in interactive processing times.
  DISIMP is available in both Runtime and Programmer's environments. Using
  the Programmers environment, utilities can be developed for specific
  applications programs.

  Graphics are governed by an icon-based Display Panel which allows quick
  enhancments of a displayed image. Manipulations of Look Up Tables,
  colour stretches, changes to histograms, zooming and panning can be
  interactively driven through this control.

  A range of geographic projections enables DISIMP to integrate data of
  image, graphic and textual types. Images can be rectified by a number of
  coordinate systems, providing the true geographic knowledge essential
  for ground truthing. Overlays of grids, text and vector data can be
  added to further enhance referenced imagery.

  The system is a flexible package allowing users of various skill levels
  to determine their own working environment, including the amount of help
  required. DISIMP comes fully configured with no optional extras. The
  purchase price includes all functionality required for professional
  processing of remote sensed data.

  For further information, please contact:

  The Business Manager, CLOUGH Engineering Group Systems Division, 627
  Chapel Street, South Yarra, Australia 3141. Telephone:  +61 3 825 5555
  Fax:  +61 3 826 6463

Global Imaging Software
-----------------------
  "We use Global Imaging Software to process AVHRR data, from the dish to
  the final display. Select a chunk of five band data from a pass,
  automatic navigation, calibrate it to Albedo and Temp, convert that to
  byte, register it to predesigned window, all relatively automatically
  and carefree.

  It has no classification routines to speak of, but it isn't that
  difficult to write your own with their programmer's module.

  Very small operation: one designs, one codes, one sells. Been around for
  a number of years, sold to Weather Service and Navy.  Runs on HP9000
  with HP-UX.  Supports 24-bit display"

HIPS
----
(Human   Information   Processing Laboratory's Image Processing System)

  Michael Landy co-wrote and sell a general-purpose package for image
  processing which has been used for basically all the usual image
  processing applications (robotics, medical, satellite, engineering, oil
  exploration, etc.).  It is called HIPS, and deals with sequences of
  multiband images in the same way it deals with single images.  It has
  been growing since we first wrote it, both by additions from us as well
  as a huge user-contributed library.

  Feature description

  HIPS  is  a  set  of  image  processing  modules  which together provide
  a  powerful  suite  of  tools  for  those interested in research,
  system  development  and  teaching. It  handles  sequences  of  images
  (movies)  in precisely the same manner as single frames.

  Programs and subroutines have been developed  for simple image
  transformations, filtering, convolution, Fourier and other transform
  processing, edge detection  and line  drawing   manipulation, digital
  image compression and transmission  methods, noise generation, and image
  statistics computation. Over 150 such  image transformation programs
  have been developed.  As a result, almost any image processing  task
  can be performed quickly and conveniently. Additionally, HIPS allows
  users to easily integrate  their  own custom  routines.   New users
  become effective using HIPS on their first day.

  HIPS features images that are  self-documenting.   Each image stored  in
  the  system  contains  a  history  of the transformations that have been
  applied to that image.   HIPS includes  a  small  set of subroutines
  which primarily deals with a standardized  image sequence  header,  and
  a  large library  of  image  transformation tools in the form of UNIX
  ``filters''.  It comes complete with source  code,  on-line manual
  pages, and on-line documentation.

  Host Configuration Requirements

  Originally  developed at  New  York  University,  HIPS  now represents
  one of the most extensive and flexible vision and image  processing
  environments currently available.  It runs under the UNIX operating
  system.  It is modular  and  flexible, provides automatic documentation
  of its actions, and is almost entirely independent of special equipment.
  HIPS is now in use on a variety of computers including Vax and
  Microvax, Sun, Apollo,  Masscomp,  NCR Tower, Iris, IBM AT, etc.
  For image display and input, drivers are supplied for the Grinnell and
  Adage (Ikonas) image processors, and the Sun-2, Sun-3, Sun- 4, and
  Sun-386i consoles.  We also  supply  user-contributed drivers  for  a
  number of  other framestores and windowing packages (Sun gfx, Sun
  console, Matrox VIP-1024, ITI IP-512, Lexidata,  Macintosh II, X
  windowing system, and Iris).  The Hipsaddon package includes an
  interface  for the  CRS-4000. It  is  a  simple matter to interface HIPS
  with other frame- stores, and we can put interested users in touch with
  users who  have interfaced HIPS with the Arlunya and Datacube Max-
  Video. HIPS can be easily adapted for other  image  display devices
  because 98% of HIPS is machine independent.

  Availability

  HIPS has proven itself a highly flexible  system,  both as  an
  interactive  research tool, and for more production- oriented tasks. It
  is both easy to use, and quickly adapted and extended to new uses. HIPS
  is supplied on magnetic tape in UNIX tar format (either reel- to-reel or
  Sun  cartridge), and comes with source code, libraries, a library of
  convolu- tion masks, and on-line documentation and manual pages.

  Michael Landy SharpImage Software P.O. Box 373, Prince Street Station
  New York, NY   10012-0007 Voice:  (212) 998-7857 Fax: (212) 995-4011
  msl@cns.nyu.edu


MIRA
----
[ Please DON'T confuse that with the Thalmanns animation system from
  Montreal. These are altogether different beasts! - nfotis ]

  MIRA stands for Microcomputer Image Reduction and Analysis.  MIRA gives
  workstation level performance on 386/486 DOS computers using SVGA cards in
  256 color modes up to 1024x768. MIRA contains a very handsome/functional
  GUI which is mouse and keystroke operated. MIRA reads/writes TIFF and FITS
  formats, native formats of a number of CCD cameras, and uncompressed binary
  images in byte, short integer, and 4-byte real pixel format in 1- or 2-
  dimensions. The result of an image processing operation can be short integer
  or real pixels, or the same as that of the input image. MIRA does the
  operation using short or floating point arithmetic to maintain the precision
  and accuracy of the pixel format. Over 100 functions are hand-coded in
  assembly language for maximum speed on the Intel hardware.  The entire
  graphical interface is also written in assembly language to maximize
  the speed of windowing operations.  Windows for 2-d image and 1-d image/data
  display and analysis have dedicated cursors which read position and value
  value in real time as you move the mouse.  There are also smooth, real time
  contrast and brightness stretch and panning of a magnified portion of
  the displayed image(s), all operated by the mouse. A wide selection of
  grayscale, pseudocolor, and random palettes is provided, and other 
  palettes can be generated.


Supported functions include such niceties as the following:

o  image & image: + - / * interpolation
o  image & constant: + - / *
o  unary operations: abs value, polynomial of pixel value, chs, 1/x, log,
   byteswap, clip values at upper/lower limits, short->real or real->short.
o  combine images by mean, median, mode, or sum of pixel values, with or
   without autoscaling to mean, median, or mode of an image section.
o  convolutions/filters: Laplacian, Sobel edge operator, directional gradient,
   line, Gaussian, elliptical and rectangular equal weight filters, unsharp
   masking, median filters, user defined filter kernel.  Ellipse, rectangle,
   line, gradient, Gaussian, and user defined filters can be rotated to
   any specified angle.
o  CCD data reduction: flat fielding, dark subtraction, column over/underscan
   bias removal, remove bad pixels and column defects, normalize to
   region target mean, median, or modal value.
o  create subimage, mosaic m x n 1-d or 2-d images to get larger image,
   collapse 2-d image into 1-d image.
o  plot 1-d section or collapsed section of 2-d image, plot histogram of
   region of an image.
o  review/change image information/header data, rename keywords, plot
   keyword values for a set of images.
o  luminance/photometry: elliptical or circular aperture photometry,
   brightness profile, isophotal photometry between set of upper & lower
   luminances, area and luminance inside traced polygon. Interactive
   background fitting and removal from part or all of image, fit elliptical
   aperture shape to image isophotes. 
o  interactive with 2-d image: contrast/brightness, x- y- or diagonal plot
   of pixel values, distance between two points, compute region stats,`
   centroid, pan to x,y location or image center, zoom 1/16 to 10 times,
   change cursor to rectangle crosshair, full image crosshair, or off, and
   adjust cursor size on image. Select linear, log or gamma transfer function
   or histogram equalization.
o  interactive or specified image offset computation and re-sampling for
   registration.
o  interactive with 1-d image: zoom in x- y- or both in steps of 1/2 or
   2 times current, re-center plot, or enlarge a framed area. 4 plot buffers
   can be cycled through. Interactive data analysis: polynomial fitting,
   point deletion, undelete, change value, point weighting, linear and
   quadratic loess and binomial smoothing, revert to unit point weights
   or original data buffer, substitute results into data buffer for pass
   back to calling function. Dump data buffer (+ overlays and error bars)
   to file or printer.  Change to user specified coordinate system.
o  Tricolor image combination and display, hardcopy halftone printout to
   HP-PCL compatible printers (Laserjet, deskjet, etc.)
o  Documentation is over 300 pages in custom vinyl binder.

  Cost: 995 $USD/copy

  Available from:

  Axiom Research, Inc.
  Box 44162
  Tucson, AZ  85733
  (602) 791-2864  phone/fax.

  international marketing rep: Saguaro Scientific Corporation, Tucson, Arizona.

==========================================================================

End of Part 2 of the Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38853
From: nfotis@ntua.gr (Nick C. Fotis)
Subject: (27 Apr 93) Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY [part 3/3]

Archive-name: graphics/resources-list/part3
Last-modified: 1993/04/27


Computer Graphics Resource Listing : WEEKLY POSTING [ PART 3/3 ]
===================================================
Last Change : 27 April 1993


11. Scene generators/geographical data/Maps/Data files
======================================================

DEMs (Digital Elevation Models)
-------------------------------
  DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) as well as other cartographic data
  [huge] is available from spectrum.xerox.com [192.70.225.78], /pub/map.

  Contact:
  Lee Moore -- Webster Research Center, Xerox Corp. --
  Voice: +1 (716) 422 2496
  Arpa, Internet:  Moore.Wbst128@Xerox.Com
[ Check also on ncgia.ucsb.edu (128.111.254.105), /pub/dems -- nfotis ]

  Many of these files are also available on CD-ROM selled by USGS:
  "1:2,000,000 scale  Digital Line Graph (DLG) Data". Contains datas
  for all 50 states. Price is about $28, call to or visit in offices
  in Menlo Park, in Reston, Virginia (800-USA-MAPS).

  The Data User Services Division of the Bureau of the Census also has
  data on CD-ROM (TSO standard format) that is derived from USGS
  1:100,000 map data. Call (301) 763-4100 for more info or they have
  a BBS at (301) 763-1568.

[ From Dr.Dobbs #198 March 1993: ]

      "The U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, in cooperation with their counterpart
agencies in CANADA, the U.K., and Australia, have released the Digital Chart
of the World (DCW). This chart consists of over 1.5 gigabytes of reasonable
quality vector data distributed on four CD-ROMS. .... includes coastlines,
rivers, roads, railrays, airports,cities, towns, spot elevations, and depths,
and over 100,000 place names."

It is ISO9660 compatible and only $200.00 available from:

U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 25286
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225

Digital Distribution Services
Energy, Mines, and Resources Canada
615 Booth Street
Ottawa, ON
K1A 0E9 Canada

Director General of Military Survey
(Survey 3)
Elmwood Avenue
Feltham, Middlesex
TW13 7AH United Kingdom

Director of Survey, Australian Army
Department of Defense
Campbell Park Offices (CP2-4-24)
Campbell ACT 2601 Australia


Fractal Landscape Generators
----------------------------

Public Domain:

  Many people have written fractal landscape generators. for example
  for the Mac some of these generators were written by
  pdbourke@ccu1.aukuni.ac.nz (Paul D. Bourke).
  Many of the programs are available from the FTP sites and mail
  archive servers. Check with Archie.

Commercial:

  Vista Pro 3.0 for the Amiga from Virtual Reality Labs -- list price
  is about $100. Their address is:
	VRL
	2341 Ganador court
	San Luis Obispo,
	CA 93401
	Telephone or FAX (805) 545-8515

  Scenery Animator (also for the Amiga) is of the same caliber with Vista Pro 2.
  Check with:
	Natural Graphics
	P.O. Box 1963
	Raklin, CA 95677
	Phone (916) 624-1436

  Don't forget to ask about companion programs and data disks/tapes.

  Vista Pro 3 has been ported to the PCs.


CIA World Map II
----------------
[  NOTE: this database is quite out of date, and not topologically structured.
  If you need a standard for world cartographic data, wait for the
  Digital Chart of the World. This 1:1M database has been produced from
  the Defense Mapping Agency's ONCs and will be available, together with
  searching and viewing software, on a number of CD-ROMs later this summer. ]

  Check into HANAUMA.STANFORD.EDU and UCSD.EDU (see ftp list above)
  The CIA database consists of coastlines, rivers and political boundaries
  in the form of line strokes. Also on hanauma.stanford.edu is a 720x360
  array of elevation data, containing one ieee floating point number for
  every half degree longitude and latitude.
 
  A program for decoding the database, mfil, can be found on the machine
  pi1.arc.umn.edu (137.66.130.11).
  There's another program, which reads a compressed CIA Data Bank file and
  builds a PHIGS hierachical structure. It uses a PHIGS extension known as
  polyline sets for performance, but you can use regular polylines. Ask
  Joe Stewart <joes@lpi.liant.com>.
  The raw data at Stanford require the vplot package to be able to view it.
  (was posted in comp.sources.unix). To be more exact, you'll have to
  compile just the libvplot routines, not the whole package.

NCAR data
---------
  NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) has many types of
  terrain  data, ranging from elevation datasets at
  various resolutions, to information about soil types, vegetation, etc.
  This data is not free -- they charge from $40 to $90 or more, depending
  on the data volume and media (exabyte tape, 3480 cartridge, 9-track tape,
  IBM PC floppy, and FTP transfer are all available).  Their data archive
  is mostly research oriented, not hobbyist oriented.  For more information,
  email to ilana@ncar.ucar.edu.

UNC data tapes with voxel data
--------------
  There are 2 "public domain" tapes with data for the comparison and
  testing of various volume rendering algorithms (mainly MRI and CT
  scans). These tapes are distributed by the SoftLab of UNC @ Chapel Hill.
  (softlab@cs.unc.edu)

  The data sets (volume I and II) are also available via anonymous FTP from
  omicron.cs.unc.edu [128.109.136.159] in pub/softlab/CHVRTD

NASA
----
  Many US agencies such as NASA publish CD-ROMs with many altimetry data
  from various space missions, eg. Viking for Mars, Magellan for Venus,
  etc. Especially for NASA, I would suggest to call the following
  address for more info:

     National Space Science Date Center
     Goddard Space Flight Center
     Greenbelt, Maryland 20771
     Telephone: (301) 286-6695
     Email address:  request@nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov

  The data catalog (*not* the data itself) is available online.
  Internet users can telnet to nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov (128.183.10.4) and log
  in as 'NODIS' (no password).

  You can also dial in at (301)-286-9000 (300, 1200, or 2400 baud, 8 bits,
  no parity, one stop). At the "Enter Number:" prompt, enter MD and
  carriage return. When the system responds "Call Complete," enter a few
  more carriage returns to get the "Username:" and log in as 'NODIS' (no
  password).

  NSSDCA is also an anonymous FTP site, but no comprehensive list of
  what's there is available at present.

Earth Sciences Data
-------------------

  There's a listing of anonymous FTP sites for earth science data, including
  imagery. This listing is called "Earth Sciences Resources on Internet",
  and you can get it via anonymous FTP from csn.org [128.138.213.21]
  in the directory COGS under the name "internet.resources.earth.sci"

  Some sites include:
  aurelie.soest.hawaii.edu [128.171.151.121]: pub/avhrr/images - AVHRR images
  ames.arc.nasa.gov [128.102.18.3]: pub/SPACE/CDROM  - images from
        Magellan and Viking missions etc.
        pub/SPACE/Index contains a listing of files available in the whole
        archive (the index is about 200K by itself). There's also an
        e-mail server for the people without Internet access: send a letter
        to archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov (or ames!archive-server). In the
        subject of your letter (or in the body), use commands like:

        send SPACE Index
        send SPACE SHUTTLE/ss01.23.91

        (Capitalization is important! Only text files are handled by the
        email server at present)

  vab02.larc.nasa.gov [128.155.23.47]: pub/gifs/misc/landsat -
	Landsat photos in GIF and JPEG format
[ It was shut down - nfotis; anyone has a copy of this archive?? ]

Others
------
  Daily values of river discharge, streamflow, and daily weather data is
  available from EarthInfo, 5541 Central Ave., Boulder CO  80301.  These
  disks are expensive, around $500, but there are quantity discounts.
  (303) 938-1788.

  Check vmd.cso.uiuc.edu [128.174.5.98], the wx directory carries
  data regarding surface analysis, weather radar, and sat view pics in
  GIF format (updated hourly)

  pioneer.unm.edu [129.24.9.217] is the Space and Planetary Image Facility
  (located on the University of New Mexico campus) FTP server. It provides
  Anonymous FTP access to >150 CD-ROMS  with data/images.

  A disk with earthquake data, topography, gravity, geopolitical info
  is available from NGDC (National Geophysical Data Center), 325 Broadway,
  Boulder, CO  80303.  (303) 497-6958.

  EOSAT (at least in the US) now sells Landsat MSS data older than two years
  old for $200 per scene, and they have been talking about a similar deal
  for Landsat TM data. The MSS data are 4 bands, 80 meter resolution.

  Check out anonymous FTP to ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in
  UNIX/PolyView/alpha-shape for a tool that creates convex hulls
  alpha-shapes (a generalization of the convex hull) from 3D point sets.

  The GRIPS II (Gov. Raster Image Processing Software) CD-ROM
  is available from CD-ROM Inc. at 1-800-821-5245 for $49.
  Code for viewing ADRG (Arc Digitised Raster Graphics) files is
  available on the GRIPS II CD-ROM. The U.S. Army Engineer 
  Topographic Labs (Juan Perez) code is also available via FTP
  ( adrg.zip archive in  spectrum.xerox.com )

NRCC range data
---------------
  Rioux M., Cournoyer L. "The NRCC Three-Dimensional Image Data Files",
  Tech. Report, CNRC 29077, National Research Council Canada,
  Ottawa, Canada, 1988
  [ From what I understand, these data are from a laser range finder,
   and you can a copy for research purposes ]

==========================================================================

12. 3D scanners - Digitized 3D Data
===================================

a. Cyberware Labs, Monterey, CA, manufactures a 3D color laser digitizer
  which can be used to model parts of, or a complete, human body.
  They run a service bureau also, so they can digitize models for you.

  Address:
    Cyberware Labs, Inc
    8 Harris Ct, Suite 3D
    Monterey, CA 93940
  Phone: (408)373-1441, Fax: (408)373-3582

b. Polhemus makes a 6D input device (actually a couple of models)
  that senses position (3D) and *orientation* (+3D) based on electromagnetic
  field interference.  This equipment is also incorporated in the
  VPL Dataglove.
  This hardware is also called ISOTRACK, from Keiser Aerospace.

Ascension Technology makes a similar 3D input device.
There is a company, Applied Sciences(?), that makes a 3D input
device (position only) based on speed of sound triangulation.

c. A company that specializes in digitizing is Viewpoint. You can ask
   for Viewpoint's _free_ 100 page catalog full of ready to 
   ship datasets from categories such as cars, anatomy, aircraft,sports,
   boats, trains, animals and others. Though these objects are
   quite expensive, the cataloge is nevertheless of interest for it
   has pictures of all the available objects in wireframe , polygon mesh.

  Contact:

  Viewpoint,
  870 West Center,
  Orem, Utah 84057
  ph# 801-224-2222
  fax# 801-224-2272
  1-800-DATASET

------

  Some addresses for companies that make digitizers:

  Ascension Technology
  Bird, Flock of Birds, Big Bird: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 527,
  Burlington, VT 05402
  Phone: (802) 655-7879, Fax: (802) 655-5904

  Polhemus Incorporated
  Digitizer: 6d trackers
  P.O. Box 560, Hercules Dr.
  Colchester, Vt. 05446
  Tel: (802) 655-3159

  Logitech Inc.
  Red Baron, ultrasonic 6D mouse
  6506 Kaiser Dr.
  Freemont, CA 94555
  Tel: (415) 795-8500w

  Shooting Star Technology
  Mechanical Headtracker
  1921 Holdom Ave.
  Burnaby, B.C. Canada V5B 3W4
  Tel: (604) 298-8574
  Fax: (604) 298-8580

  Spaceball Technologies, Inc.
  Spaceball: 6d stationary input device
  600 Suffolk Street
  Lowell, MA, 01854
  Tel: (508) 970-0330 
  Fax: (508) 970-0199
  Tel in Mountain View: (415) 966-8123 

  Transfinite Systems 
  Gold Brick: PowerGlove for Macintosh
  P.O. Box N
  MIT Branch Post Office
  Cambridge, MA 02139-0903
  Tel: (617) 969-9570
  email: D2002@AppleLink.Apple.com

  VPL Research, Inc.
  EyePhone: head-mounted display
  DataGlove: glove/hand input device
  VPL Research Inc.
  950 Tower Lane
  14th Floor
  Foster City, CA 94404
  Tel: (415) 312-0200
  Fax: (415) 312-9356

  SimGraphics Engineering
  Flying Mouse: 6d input device
  1137 Huntington Rd. Suite A-1
  South Pasadena, CA 91030-4563
  (213) 255-0900

========================================================================

13. Background imagery/textures/datafiles
=========================================

 First, check in the FTP places that are mentioned in the FAQ or in the FTP
list above.

24-bit scanning:
----------------
  Get a good 24-bit scanner, like Epson's. Suggested is an SCSI port for
  speed. Eric Haines had a suggestion in RT News, Volume 4, #3 :
  scan textures for wallpapers and floor coverings, etc. from doll
  house supplies.
  So you have a rather cheap way to scan patterns that don't have
  scaling troubles associated with real materials and scanning area.

Books with textures:
--------------------
  Find some houses/books/magazines that carry photographic material.
  Educorp, 1-619-536-9999, sells CD-ROMS with various imagery - also
  a wide variety of stock art is available.
  Stock art from big-name stock art houses, such as Comstock,
  UNIPHOTO, and Metro Image Base, is available.

  In Italy, there's a company called Belvedere that makes such books
  for the purpose of clipping their pages for inclusion in your
  graphics work. Their address is:
	Edition Belvedere Co. Ltd.,
	00196 Rome Italy,
	Piazzale Flaminio, 19
	Tel. (06) 360-44-88, Fax (06)  360-29-60

Texture Libraries:
------------------
a. Mannikin Sceptre Graphics announced TexTiles, a set of 256x256 24-bit
   textures. Initial shipments in 24-bit IFF (for Amigas), soon in 24-bit
   TIFF format. Algorithmically built for tiled surfaces. SRP is $40 / volume
   (each volume = 40 images @ 10 disks). Demo disks for $5 are available.

   Contact:
   Mannikin Sceptre Graphics
   1600 Indiana Ave.
   Winter Park, FL 32789
   Phone: (407) 384-9484
   FAX: (407) 647-7242

b. ESSENCE is a library of 65 (sixty-five) new algoritmic textures for Imagine
   by Impulse, Inc. These textures are FULLY compatible with the floating point
   versions of Imagine 2.0, Imagine 1.1, and even Turbo Silver.
   Written by Steve Worley.

   For more info contact:
   Essence Info
   Apex Software Publishing
   405 El Camino Real Suite 121
   Menlo Park CA 94025 USA

[ What about Texture City ?? ]

==========================================================================

14. Introduction to rendering algorithms
========================================

a. Ray-Tracing:
---------------

  I assume you have a general understanding of Computer Graphics. No? Then read
  some of the books that the FAQ contains. For Ray-Tracing, I would
  suggest:
   An Introduction to Ray Tracing, Andrew Glassner (ed.), Academic Press
     1989, ISBN 0-12-286160-4
  Note that I have not read the book, but I feel that you can't be wrong
  using his book. An errata list was posted in comp.graphics by Eric Haines
  (erich@eye.com)

There's a more concise reference also:

  Roman Kuchkuda , UNC @ Chapel Hill: "An Introduction to Ray Tracing", in
  "Theoretical Foundations for Computer Graphics and CAD", ed. R.A.E.Earnshaw,
  NATO AS, Vol. F-40., pp. 1039-1060. Printed by Springer-Verlag, 1988.

It contains code for a small, but fundamentally complete ray-tracer.

b. Z-buffer (depth-buffer)
--------------------------

A good reference is:

        _Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics_, David F. Rogers,
        McGraw-Hill, New York, 1985, pages 265-272 and 280-284.

c. Others:
----------
???
[ More info is needed -- nfotis ]

========================================================================

15. Where can I find the geometric data for the:
================================================

a. Teapot ?
-----------

"Displays on Display" column of IEEE CG&A Jan '87 has the whole
story about origin of the Martin Newell's teapot. The article also has
the bezier patch model and a Pascal program to display the wireframe
model of the teapot.

IEEE CG&A Sep '87 in Jim Blinn's column "Jim Blinn's Corner" describes
an another way to model the teapot; Bezier curves with rotations for
example are used.

The OFF and SPD packages have these objects, so you're advised to get
them to avoid typing the data yourself.  The OFF data is triangles at
a specific resolution (around 8x8[x4 triangles] meshing per patch).
The SPD package provides the spline patch descriptions and performs a
tessellation at any specified resolution.

b. Space Shuttle ?
------------------

Tolis Lerios <tolis@nova.stanford.edu> has built a list of Space Shuttle
datafiles. Here's a summary (From his sci.space list):

model1:
A modified version of the newsgroup model (model2)

406 vertices (296 useful, i.e. referred to in the polygon descriptions.)
389 polygons (233 3-vertex, 146 4-vertex, 7 5-vertex, 3 6-vertex).
Payload doors non-existent.
Units: unknown.

Simon Marshall (S.Marshall@sequent.cc.hull.ac.uk) has a copy. He
said there is no proprietary information associated with it.

model2:
The newsgroup model, in OFF format. You can find it in

gondwana.ecr.mu.oz.au , file pub/off/objects/shuttle.geo
hanauma.stanford.edu ,  /pub/graphics/Comp.graphics/objects/shuttle.data

model3:
The triangles' model.

This model is stored in several files, each defining portions of the model.

Greg Henderson (henders@infonode.ingr.com) has a copy.  He did
not mention any restriction on the model's distribution.

model4:
The NASA model.

The file starts off with a header line containing three real numbers,
defining the offsets used by Lockheed in their simulations:

<x offset> <y offset> <z offset>

From then on, the file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions

3473 vertices.
2748 polygons (407 3-vertex, 2268 4-vertex, 33 5-vertex, 14 6-vertex,
 10 7-vertex, 8 8-vertex, 8 12-vertex, 2 13-vertex, 2 15-vertex,
 17 16-vertex, 2 17-vertex, 2 18-vertex, 3 19-vertex, 8 24-vertex).
Payload doors closed.
Units: inches.

Jon Berndt (jon@l14h11.jsc.nasa.gov) seems to be responsible for the model
Proprietary info: unknown

model5:
The old shuttle model.

The file consists of a sequence of polygon descriptions.

104 vertices.
452 polygons (11 3-vertex, 41 4-vertex).
Payload doors open.
Units: meters.

We have been using this model at STAR Labs, Stanford University, for
some years now. Contact me (tolis@nova.stanford.edu) or my supervisor
Scott Williams (scott@star5.stanford.edu) if you want a copy.

========================================================================

16. Image annotation software
=============================

a. Touchup runs in Sunview and is pretty good.  It reads in
  rasterfiles, but even if your image isn't normally stored
  in rasterfile format you could use screendump to make it a
  rasterfile.

b. Idraw (part of Stanford's InterViews distribution) can handle some
  image formats in addition to being a MacDraw like tool.  I'm not
  sure exactly what they are.
  You can ftp the idraw's binary from interviews.stanford.edu.

c. Tgif is another MacDraw like tool that can handle X11 bitmap (xbm)
  and X11 pixmap (xpm) formats.  If the image you have is in formats
  other than xbm or xpm, you can get the pbmplus toolkit to convert
  things like gif or even some Macintosh formats to xpm.
  Tgif's sources are available in the pub directory on cs.ucla.edu
  (Version 2.12 of tgif at patchlevel 7 plus patch8 and patch9)

d. Use the editimage facility of KHOROS (see below).
  This is just one utility in the overall system- you can essentially do all
  your image processing and macdraw-type graphics using this package.

e. You might be able to get by with PBMPlus.  pbmtext gives you text output
  bitmaps which can be overlaid on top of your image.

f. 'ice' requires Sun hardware running OpenWindows 3.It's a PostScript-based
  graphical editor,and it's available for anonymous ftp from Internet host
  eo.soest.hawaii.edu (128.171.151.12). Requires Sun C++ 2.0 and
  two other locally developed packages, the LXT library (an Xlib-based
  toolkit) and a small C++ class library. All files (pub/ice.tar.Z,
  pub/lxt.tar.Z and pub/ldgoc++.tar.Z) are available in compressed
  tar format. pub/ice.tar.Z contains a README that gives installation
  instructions, as well as an extensive man page (ice.1).
  A statically-linked compressed executable pub/ice-sun4.Z for
  SPARC systems is also available for ftp.

  All software is the property of Columbia University and may not
  be redistributed without permission.

  ice means Image Composition Environment and it's an imaging tool that
  allows raster images to be combined with a wide variety of
  PostScript annotations in WYSIWYG fashion via X11 imaging
  routines and NeWS PostScript rasterizing.

g. Use ImageMagick to annotate an image from your X server.  Pick the 
  position of your text with the cursor and choose your font and pen 
  color from a pull-down menu.  ImageMagick can read and write many
  of the more popular image formats.  ImageMagick is available as
  export.lcs.mit.edu: contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z or at your nearest
  X11 archive.

========================================================================

17. Scientific visualization stuff
==================================

X Data Slice (xds)
-------------------
  Bundled with the X11 distribution from MIT,
  in the contrib directory. Available at ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu [141.142.20.50]
  (either as a source or binaries for various platforms).

National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) Tool Suite
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Platforms: Unix Workstations (DEC, IBM, SGI, Sun)
           Apple MacIntosh
           Cray supercomputers

Availability: Now available.  Source code in the public domain.
              FTP from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

Contact: National Center for Supercomputing Applications
         Computing Applications Building
         605 E. Springfield Ave.
         Champaign, IL 61820

Cost: Free (zero dollars).

The suite includes tools for 2D image and 3D scene analysis and visualization.
The code is actively maintained and updated.

Spyglass
--------
  They sell commercial versions of the NCSA tools. Examples are:

	Spyglass Dicer (3D volumetric data analysis package)
		Platform: Mac

	Spyglass Transform (2D data analysis package)
		Platforms: Mac, SGI, Sun, DEC, HP, IBM

  Contact:
  Spyglass, Inc.
  P.O. Box 6388
  Champaign, IL  61826
  (217) 355-6000

KHOROS 1.0 Patch 5
------------------
  Available via anonymous ftp at pprg.eece.unm.edu (129.24.24.10).
  cd to /pub/khoros to see what is available. It is HUGE (> 100 MB), but good.
  Needs Unix and X11R4. Freely copied (NOT PD), complete with sources
  and docs. Very extensive and at its heart is visual programming.
  Khoros components include a visual programming language, code
  generators for extending the visual language and adding new application
  packages to the system, an interactive user interface editor, an
  interactive image display package, an extensive library of image and
  signal processing routines, and 2D/3D plotting packages.

  See comp.soft-sys.khoros on Usenet and the relative FAQ for more info....

  Contact:

  The Khoros Group
  Room 110 EECE Dept.
  University of New Mexico
  Albuquerque, NM 87131

  Email: khoros-request@chama.eece.unm.edu


MacPhase
--------
  Analysis & Visualization Application for the Macintosh.
  Operates on 1D and 2D data arrays. Import/Export several different file
  formats.  Several different plotting options such as gray scale,
  color raster, 3D Wire frame, 3D surface, contour, vector, line, and
  combinations.  FFTs, filtering, and other math functions, color look up
  editor, array calculator, etc. Shareware, available via anonymous ftp from
  sumex-aim.stanford.edu in the info-mac/app directory.
  For other information contact Doug Norton (e-mail: 74017.461@@compuserve.com)


IRIS Explorer
-------------
  It's an application creation system developed by Silicon
  Graphics that provides visualisation and analysis functionality for
  computational scientists, engineers and other scientists. The Explorer
  GUI allows users to build custom applications without having to write
  any, or a minimal amount of, traditonal code. Also, existing code can
  be easily integrated into the Explorer environment. Explorer currently
  is available now on SGI and Cray machines, but will become available on
  other platforms in time. [ Bundled with every new SGI machine, as far as
  I know]

  See comp.graphics.explorer or comp.sys.sgi for discussion of the package.

  There are also two FTP servers for related stuff, modules etc.:

  ftp.epcc.ed.ac.uk [129.215.56.29]
  swedishchef.lerc.nasa.gov [139.88.54.33] - mirror of the UK site

apE
---
  Back in the 'old good days', you could get apE for nearly free.
  Now has gone commercial and the following vendor supplies it:

  TaraVisual Corporation
  929 Harrison Avenue
  Columbus, Ohio 43215
  Tel: 1-800-458-8731 and (614) 291-2912
  Fax: (614) 291-2867

        Cost:
  $895 (plus tax); runtime version with a site-license for a single user
  (at a time), no limit on the number of machines in a cluster.
  $895 includes support/maintenance and upgrades.
  Source code more.  Additional user licenses $360.

  The name of the package has become apE III (TM).
  Khoros is very similar to apE on philosophy, as are AVS and Explorer.

AVS
---
See also:
        comp.graphics.avs

Platforms: CONVEX, CRAY, DEC, Evans & Sutherland, HP, IBM, Kubota,
Set Technologies, SGI, Stardent, SUN, Wavetracer
Availability: AVS4 available on all the above:
  For all UNIX workstations.

Contact:
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc.
  300 Fifth Ave.
  Waltham, MA    02154

  (617)-890-4300   Telephone
  (617)-890-8287   Fax
  avs@avs.com      Email

  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. for: CRAY, HP, IBM, SGI, Stardent, SUN
  CONVEX for CONVEX
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or CRAY for CRAY
  DEC for DEC
  Evans & Sutherland for Evans & Sutherland
  Advanced Visual Systems Inc. or IBM for IBM
  Kubota Pacific Inc. for Kubota
  Set Technologies for Set Technologies
  Wavetracer for Wavetracer

  FTP Site: for modules, data sets, other info:
	avs.ncsc.org (128.109.178.23)

WIT
---
  In a nutshell it's a package of the same genre as AVS,Explorer,etc.
  It seems more a image processing system than a generic SciVi system (IMHO)
  Major elements are:

  - a visual programming language, which automatically exploits the inherent
        parallelism
  - a code generator which converts the graph to a standalone program

  Iconified libraries present a rich set of point, filter, io, transform,
  morphological, segmentation, and measurement operations.
  A flow library allows graphs to employ broadcast, merge,
  synchronization, conditional, and sequencing control strategies.

  WIT delivers an object-oriented, distributed, visual programming
  environment which allows users to rapidly design solutions to their
  imaging problems. Users can consolidate both software and hardware
  developments within a complete CAD-like workspace by adding their
  own operators (C functions), objects (data structures), and servers
  (specialized hardware). WIT runs on Sun, HP9000/7xx, SGI and supports
  Datacube MV-20/200 hardware allowing you to run your graphs in real-time.

  For a free WIT demo disk, call, FAX, or e-mail (poon@ee.ubc.ca)
  us stating your complete name, address, voice, FAX, e-mail info.
  and desired platform.

  Pricing: WIT for Sparc, one yr. free upgrades, 30 days
  technical support....................$5000 US

  Academic institutions: discounts available


  Contact:
  Logical Vision Ltd.
  Suite 108-3700 Gilmore Way
  Burnaby, B.C., CANADA
  V5G 4M1
  Tel: 604-435-2587
  Fax: 604-435-8840

  Terry Arden <poon@ee.ubc.ca>

VIS-5D
------
  A system for visually exploring the output of 5-D gridded data sets
  such as those made by weather models. Platforms:

    SGI IRIS with VGX, GTX, TG, or G graphics,
    SGI Crimson or Indigo (R4000, Elan graphics suggested), IRIX 4.0.x
    IBM RS/6000 with GL graphics, AIX version 3 or later;
    Stardent GS-1000 and GS-2000 (with TrueColor display)

  In any case, 32 (or more) MB of RAM are suggested.

  You can get it freely (thanks to NASA support) via anonymous ftp:

 ftp iris.ssec.wisc.edu  (or ftp 144.92.108.63), then

  ftp> cd pub/vis5d
  ftp> ascii
  ftp> get README
  ftp> bye

 NOTE: You can find the package also on wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
 graphics/graphics/packages directory.

  Read section 2 of the README file for full instructions
  on how to get and install VIS-5D.

  Contact:
  Bill Hibbard (whibbard@vms.macc.wisc.edu)
  Brian Paul (bpaul@vms.macc.wisc.edu)

DATAexplorer (IBM)
------------------
  Platforms : IBM Risc System 6000, IBM POWER Visualization Server
        (SIMD mesh 32 i860s, 40 MHz)

  Working on (announced) : SGI, HP, Sun

  Contact:
  Your local IBM Rep.  For a trial package ask your rep to contact :

  David Kilgore
  Data Explorer Product Marketing
  YKTVMH(KILCORE), (708) 981-4510

Wavefront
---------
  Data Visualizer, Personal Visualizer, Advanced Visualizer.
  Platforms: SGI, SUN, IBM RS6000, HP, DEC

  Availability:
    Available on all the above platforms from Wavefront
    Technologies.  Educational programs and site licenses are
    available.

  Contacts:
    Mike Wilson (mike@wti.com)

    Wavefront Technologies, Inc.
    530 East Montecito Street
    Santa Barbara, CA 93103
    805-962-8117
    FAX: 805-963-0410

    Wavefront Europe
    Guldenspoorstraat 21-23
    B-9000 Gent, Belgium
    32-91-25-45-55
    FAX: 32-91-23-44-56

    Wavefront Technologies Japan
    17F Shinjuku-sumitomo Bldg
    2-6-1  Nishi-shinjuku, Shunjuku-Ku
    Tokyo 168 Japan
    81-3-3342-7330
   FAX 81-3-3342-7353


PLOT3D and FAST from NASA Ames
------------------------------
  These packages are distributed from COSMIC at least
  (for FAST ask Pat Elson <pelson@nas.nasa.gov> for
  distribution information). In general, these codes are for US
  citizens only :-(

XGRAPH
------
  On the contrib tape of X11R5. Its specialty is display of up
  to 64 data sets (2D).

NCAR
----
  National Center for Atmospheric Research. One of the original graphics
  packages. Runs on Sun, RS6000, SGI, VAX, Cray Y-MP, DecStations, and more.

  Contact:
	Graphics Information
	NCAR Scientific Computing Division
	P.O. Box 3000
	Boulder, CO   80307-3000
	(303)-497-1201
	scdinfo@ncar.ucar.edu

  Cost:
	.edu
	$750 Unlimited users

	.gov
	$750 1 user
	$1500 5 users
	$3000 25 users

	.com users multiply .gov * 2.0

IDL
---
  An environment for scientific computing and visualization.
  Based on an array oriented language, IDL includes 2D and 3D
  graphics, matrix manupulation, signal and image processing,
  basic statistics, gridding, mapping, and a widget based system
  for building GUI for IDL applications (Open Look, Motif, or
  MS-Windows).

  Environments:  DEC (VMS and Ultrix), HP, IBM RS6000, SGI, Sun,
          Microsoft Windows.  (Mac version in progress)
  Cost:  $1500 to $3750, Educational and quantity discounts
          available.
  See also:   comp.lang.idl-pvwave (the IDL-PVWAVE bundle)
  Contact:    Research Systems Inc.
              777 29th Street, Suite 302
              Boulder, CO  80303
              Phone:  303-786-9900
              FAX:    303-786-9909
              E-mail: info@rsinc.com
  Demo available via FTP.  Call or E-mail for details.

IDL/SIPS
--------
  "A lot of people are using IDL with a package called SIPS. This was
  developed at the University of Colorado (Boulder) by some people working
  for Alex Goetz.  You might try contacting them if you already have IDL
  or would be willing to buy it.  It's a few thousand dollars (American) I
  expect for IDL and the other should be free.  Those are the general
  purpose packages I've heard of, besides what TerraMar has.
  SIPS _was_ written for AVIRIS imagery.  I'm not sure how general purpose
  it is.  You would have to contact Goetz or one of his people and ask.  I
  have another piece of software (PCW) that does PC and Walsh
  transformations with pseudocoloring and clustering and limited image
  modification (you can compute an image using selected components).  I've
  used it on 70 megabyte AVIRIS images without problems, but for the best
  speed you need an external DSP card.  It will work without it, but large
  images take quite a while (50-70 times as long) to process.  That's a
  freebie if you want it"

  "My  favorite is IDL (Interactive Data Language) from Research Systems,
  Inc.  IDL is in my opinion, much better and infinitely easier. Its
  programming language is very strong and easy -- very Pascal-like. It
  handles the number-crunching very well, also. Personally, I like doing
  the number-crunching with IDL on the VAX (or Mathematica, Igor, or even
  Excel on the Mac if it's not too hairy), then bringing it over to NIH
  Image for the imaging part. I have yet to encounter any situation which
  that combination couldn't handle, and the speed and ease of use
  (compared to IRAF) was incredible. By the way, it's mostly astronomical
  image processing which I've been doing. This means image enhancement,
  cleaning up bad lines/pixels, and some other traditional image
  processing routines. Then, for example, taking a graph of intensity
  versus position along a line I choose with the mouse, then doing a curve
  fit to that line (which I might do like in KaleidaGraph.) "

[ For IDL call Research Systems , for PV-WAVE call Precision Visuals and
 for SIPS call University of Colorado @ Boulder . From what I can
 understand, you can get packaged programs from Research Systems, though
 -- nfotis ]

Visual3
-------
  contact Robert Haimes, MIT

FieldView
---------
 An interactive program designed to assist an engineer in
 investigating fluid dynamics data sets.          

 Platforms:  SGI, IBM, HP, SUN, X-terminals

 Availability:  Currently available on all of the above
       platforms.  Educational programs and volume 
       discounts are available.

 Contact:

 Intelligent Light 
 P.O. Box 65
 Fair Lawn, NJ 07410
 (201)794-7550
        
 Steve Kramer (kramer@ilight.com)


SciAn
------
  SciAn is primarily intended to do 3-D visualizations of data in an 
  interactive environment with the ability to generate animations using
  frame-accurate video recording devices.  A user manual, on-line help, and
  technical notes will help you use the program.

  Cost : 0 (Free), source code provided via ftp.
  Platforms : SGI 4D machines and IBM RS/6000 with the GL card + Z-buffer

  Where to find it:
  ftp.scri.fsu.edu [144.174.128.34] : /pub/SciAn
	A mirror is monu1.cc.monash.edu.au [130.194.1.101] : /pub/SciAn

SCRY
----
[ From the README : ]

      Scry is a distributed image handling system  that  pro-
 vides image transport and compression on local and wide area
 networks, image viewing on workstations, recording on  video
 equipment,  and  storage on disk.  The system can be distri-
 buted among workstations, between supercomputers and  works-
 tations,  and between supercomputers, workstations and video
 animation controllers.  The system is most commonly used  to
 produce  video based movie displays of images resulting from
 visualization of time dependent data, complex 3D data  sets,
 and  image  processing  operations.   Both  the  clients and
 servers run on a variety of systems that provide UNIX-like C
 run-time environments, and 4BSD sockets.
 
 The source is available for anonymous ftp:
 
 csam.lbl.gov [128.3.254.6] : pub/scry.tar.Z
 
 Contact:
 
 Bill Johnston, (wejohnston@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!johnston)

       or

 David Robertson (dwrobertson@lbl.gov, ...ucbvax!csam.lbl.gov!davidr)
 
 Imaging Technologies Group
 MS 50B/2239
 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
 1 Cyclotron Road
 Berkeley, CA  94720


SVLIB / FVS
-----------
  SVLIB is an X-Windows widget set based on the OSF (Open Software 
  Foundation) Motif widget set. SVLIB widgets are macro-widgets 
  comprising lower level Motif widgets such as buttons, scrollbars, 
  menus, and drawing areas. It is designed to address the reusability 
  of 2D visualization routines and each widget in the library is an 
  encapsulation of a specific visualization technique such as colormap 
  manipulation, image display, and contour plotting. It is targetted
  to run on UNIX workstations supporting OSF/Motif. Currently, only 
  color monitors are supported. Since SVLIB is a collection of widgets 
  developed in the same spirit as the OSF/Motif user interface widget 
  set, it integrates seamlessly with the Motif widgets. Programmers 
  using SVLIB widgets see the same interface and design as other 
  Motif widgets.

  FVS is a visualization software for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 
  simulations.  FVS is designed to accept data generated from these
  simulations and apply various visualization techniques to present these
  data graphically. 
  FVS accepts three-dimensional multi-block data recorded in NCSA HDF format.

 iti.gov.sg [192.122.132.130] : /pub/svlib (Scientific Visualization)
      /pu/fvs; These directories contain demo binaries for Sun4/SGI

  Cost : US$200 for academic and US$300 for non-academic institutions.
  (For each of the above items). You're getting the source for the licence.

  Contact
  -------
  Miss Quek Lee Hian
  Member of Technical Staff
  Information Technology Institute
  National Computer Board
  NCB Building
  71, Sicence Park Drive
  Singapore 0511
  Republic of Singapore
  Tel : (65)7720435
  Fax : (65)7795966
  Email : leehian@iti.gov.sg


---------------------------------------------------------
GVLware Distribution:
        Bob  - An interactive volume renderer for the SGI
        Raz  - A disk based movie player for the SGI
        Icol - Motif color editor
---------------------------------------------------------

The Army High Performance Computing Research Center (AHPCRC) has been
developing a set of tools to work with large time dependent 2D and 3D
data sets.  In the Graphics and Visualization Lab (GVL) we are using
these tools along side standard packages, such as SGI Explorer and the
Utah Raster Toolkit, to render 3D volumes and create digital movies.
A couple of the more general purpose programs have been bundled into a
package called "GVLware".

GVLware, currently consisting of Bob, Raz and Icol, is now available
via ftp.  The most interesting program is probably Bob, an interactive
volume renderer for the SGI.  Raz streams raster images from disk to
an SGI screen, enabling movies larger than memory to be played.  Icol
is a color map editor that works with Bob and Raz.  Source and
pre-built binaries for IRIX 4.0.5 are included.

To acquire GVLware, anonymous ftp to:
        machine - ftp.arc.umn.edu
        file    - /pub/gvl.tar.Z

To use GVLware:
        mkdir gvl ; cd gvl
        zcat gvl.tar.Z | tar xvf -
        more README

Some Bob features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Renders 64 cubed data set in 0.1 to 1.0 seconds on a VGX
        Alpha Compositing and Maximum Value rendering, in perspective
            (only Maximum Value rendering on Personal Iris)
        Data must be a "Brick of Bytes", on a regularly spaced grid
        Animation, subvolumes, subsampling, stereo

Some Raz features:
        Motif interface, SGI GL rendering
        Loads files to a raw disk partition, then streams to screen
            (requires an empty disk partition to be set aside)
        Script interface available for movie sequences
        Can stream from memory, like NCSA XImage
        
Some Icol features:
        Motif interface
        Easy to create interpolated color maps between key points
        RGB, HSV and YUV color spaces, multiple file formats
        Communicates changes automatically to Bob and Raz
        Has been tested on SGI, Sun, DEC and Cray systems

BTW:    Bob  == Brick of Bytes
        Icol == Interpolated Color
        Raz  == ? (just a name)

Please send any comments to
        gvlware@ahpcrc.umn.edu

This software collection is supported by the Army Research Office
contract number DAALO3-89-C-0038 with the University of Minnesota Army
High Performance Computing Research Center.


IAP
---
  Imaging Applications Platform is a commercial package for medical and
  scientific visualization. It does volume rendering, binary surface
  rendering, multiplanar reformating, image manipulation, cine sequencing,
  intermixes geometry and text with images and provides measurement and
  coordinate transform abilities.

  It can provide hardcopy on most medical film printers, image database
  functionality and interconnection to most medical (CT/MRI/etc) scanners.

  It is client/server based and provides an object oriented interface. It
  runs on most high performance workstations and takes full advantage of
  parallelism where it is available. It is robust, efficient and
  will be submitted for FDA approval for use in medical applications.

  Cost: $20K for OEM developer, $10K for educational developer
  and run times starting at $8900 and going down based on quantity.

  The developer packages include two days training for two people in Toronto.

  Available from:

  ISG Technologies
  6509 Airport Road
  Mississauga, Ontario,
  Canada, L4V-1S7

  (416) 672-2100
  e-mail: Rod Gilchrist <rod@isgtec.com>

========================================================================

18. Molecular visualization stuff
=================================

[ Based on a list from cristy@dupont.com < Cristy > , which asked for
 systems for displaying Molecular Dynamics, MD for short ]

Flex
----
  It is a public domain package written by Michael Pique, at The Scripps
  Research Institute, La Jolla, CA. Flex is stored as a compressed,
  tar'ed archive (about 3.4MB) at perutz.scripps.edu [137.131.152.27], in
  pub/flex. It displays molecular models and MD trajectories.

MacMolecule
-----------
  (for Macintosh). I searched with Archie, and the most
  promising place is sumex-aim.stanford.edu (info-mac/app, and
  info-mac/art/qt for a demo)

MD-DISPLAY
----------
  Runs on SGI machines. Call Terry Lybrand (lybrand@milton.u.washington.edu).

XtalView
--------
  It is a crystallography package that does visualize molecules and much more.
  It uses the XView toolkit.
  Call Duncan McRee <dem@scripps.edu>

landman@hal.physics.wayne.edu:
-----------------------------
  I am writing my own visualization code right now.  I look at MD output
  (a specific format, easy to alter for the subroutine) on PC's.  My
  program has hooks into GKS.  If your friend has access to Phigs for X
  (PEX) and fortran bindings, I would be happy to share my evolving code
  (free of charge).  Right now it can display supercells of up to 65
  atoms (easy to change), and up to 100 time steps, drawing nearest
  neighbor bonds between 2 defining nn radii.  It works acceptably fast
  on a 10Mhz 286.

icsg0001@caesar.cs.montana.edu:
------------------------------
  I did a project on Molecular Visualization for my Master's Thesis, using
  UNIX/X11/Motif which generates a simple point and space-filling model.

KGNGRAF
-------

KGNGRAF is part of MOTECC-91. Look on malena.crs4.it (156.148.7.12),
in pub/motecc.

motecc.info.txt          Information about MOTECC-91 in plain ascii format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.troff        Information about MOTECC-91 in troff format.
motecc.form.troff        MOTECC-91 order form in troff format.
motecc.license.troff     MOTECC-91 license agreement in troff format.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
motecc.info.ps           Information about MOTECC-91 in PostScript format.
motecc.form.ps           MOTECC-91 order form in PostScript format.
motecc.license.ps        MOTECC-91 license agreement in PostScript format.


ditolla@itnsg1.cineca.it:
------------------------
  I'm working on molecular dynamic too.  A friend of mine and I have

  developed a program to display an MD run dynamically on Silicon
  Graphics.  We are working to improve it, but it doesn't work under X,
  we are using the graphi. lib. of the Silicon Gr. because they are much
  faster then X.  When we'll end it we'll post on the news info about
  where to get it with ftp. (Will be free software).

XBall V2.0
----------
  Written by David Nedde. Call daven@maxine.wpi.edu.

XMol
----
  An X Window System program that uses OSF/Motif  for  the
  display and  analysis  of  molecular  model data.  Data from several
  common file formats can be read and written; current formats include:
  Alchemy, CHEMLAB-II, Gaussian, MOLSIM, MOPAC, PDB, and MSCI's XYZ
  format (which has been designed  for  simplicity  in  translating to
  and from other formats). XMol also allows for conversion between
  several of these formats.
  Xmol is available at ftp.msc.edu. Read pub/xmol/README for
  further details.

INSIGHT II
----------
  from BIOSYM Technologies Inc.

SCARECROW
---------
  The program has been published in J. Molecular Graphics 10
  (1992) 33. The program can analyze and display CHARMM, DISCOVER, YASP
  and MUMOD trajectories. The program package contains also software for
  the generation of probe surfaces, proton affinity
  surfaces and molecular orbitals from an extended Huckel program.
  It works on Silicon Graphics machines.
  Contact Leif Laaksonen <Leif.Laaksonen@csc.fi or laaksone@csc.fi>

MULTI
-----
ns.niehs.nih.gov [157.98.8.8] : /pub - MULTI 3.0 (Multi-Process
		Molecular Modeling Suite)

MindTool
--------
  It runs under SunView, and requires a fortran compiler and Sun's CGI
  libraries. MindTool is a tool  provided  for  the  interactive  graphic
  manipulation  of  molecules  and  atoms. Currently, up to 10,000
  atoms may be input.
  Available via anonymous FTP, at rani.chem.yale.edu, directory
  /pub/MindTool ( Check with Archie for other  sites if that's too far )

[ I would also suggest looking at least in SGI's Applications Directory.
 It contains many more packages - nfotis ]

===========================================================================

19. GIS (Geographical Information Systems software)
===================================================

GRASS
-----
  (Geographic Resource Analysis Support System) of the US Army
  Construction Engineering Research Lab (CERL). It is a popular geographic and
  remote sensing image processing package. Many may think of GRASS as a
  Geographic Information System rather than an Image Processing package,
  although it is reported to have significant image processing
  capabilities.

  Feature Descriptions

  I use GRASS  because it's public domain and can be obtained through the
  internet for free.  GRASS runs in Unix and is written in C.  The source
  code can be obtained through an anonymous ftp from the Office of Grass
  Integration.  You then compile the source code for your machine, using
  scripts provided with GRASS.  I would recommend GRASS for someone who
  already has a workstation and is on a limited budget. GRASS is not very
  user-friendly, compared to Macintosh software." A first review  of
  overview documentation indicates that it looks useful and has some pixel
  resampling functions not in other packages plus good general purpose
  image enhancement routines (fft). Kelly Maurice at Vexcel Corp. in
  Boulder, CO is a primary user of GRASS .  This gentleman has used the
  GRASS software and developed multi-spectral (238 bands ??) volumetric
  rendering, full color, on Suns and Stardents. It was a really effective
  interface.  Vexcel Corp. currently has a contract to map part of Venus
  and convert the Magellan radar data into contour maps. You can call them
  at (303) 444-0094 or email care of greg@vexcel.com 192.92.90.68

  Host Configuration Requirements

  If you are willing to run A/UX you could install GRASS   on a Macintosh
  which has significant image analysis and import capabilities for
  satellite data. GRASS  is public-domain, and can run on a high-end PC
  under UNIX. It is raster-based, has some image-processing capability,
  and can display vector data (but analysis must be done in the raster
  environment). I have used GRASS V.3 on a SUN workstation and found it
  easy to use. It is best, of course, for data that are well represented
  in raster (grid-cell) form.

  Availability

  CERL's Office of Grass Integration (OGI)  maintains an ftp server:
  moon.cecer.army.mil (129.229.20.254).

  Mail regarding this site should be addressed to
  grass-ftp-admin@moon.cecer.army.mil.

  This location will be the new "canonical" source for GRASS software, as
  well as bug fixes, contributed sources, documentation, and other files.
  This FTP server also supports dynamic compression and uncompression and
  "tar" archiving of files.  A feature attraction of the server is John
  Parks' GRASS tutorial.  Because the manual is still in beta-test stage,
  John requests that people only acquire it if they are willing to review
  it and mail him comments/corrections. The OGI is not currently
  maintaining this document, so all correspondence about it should be
  directed to grassx@tang.uark.edu

  Support

  Listserv mailing lists:

  grassu-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS users; application-level
  questions, support concerns, miscellaneous questions, etc) Send
  subscribe commands to grassu-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  grassp-list@amber.cecer.army.mil (for GRASS programmers; system-level
  questions and tips, tricks, and techniques of design and implementation
  of GRASS applications) Send subscribe commands to
  grassp-request@amber.cecer.army.mil.

  Both lists are maintained by the Office of Grass Integration (subset of
  the Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Lab in
  Champaign, IL). The OGI is providing the lists as a service to the
  community; while OGI and CERL employees will participate in the lists,
  we can make no claim as to content or veracity of messages that pass
  through the list.  If you have questions, problems, or comments, send
  E-mail to lists-owner@amber.cecer.army.mil and a human will respond.

Microstation Imager
-------------------
  Intergraph (based in Huntsville Alabama) sells a wide range of GIS
  software/hardware. Microstation is a base  graphics package that Imager
  sits on top of. Imager is basically an  image processing package with a
  heavy GIS/remote sensing flavor.

  Feature Description

  Basic geometry manipulations: flip, mirror, rotate, generalized affine.
  Rectification: Affine, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th order models as well as a
  projective model (warp an image to a vector map or to another image).
  RGB to IHS and IHS to RGB conversion.  Principal component analysis.
  Classification: K-means and isodata.  Fourier Xforms: Forward, filtering
  and reverse.  Filters: High pass, low pass, edge enhancing, median,
  generic.  Complex Histogram/Contrast control.  Layer Controller: manages
  up to 64 images at a time -- user can extract single bands from a 3 band
  image or create color images by combining various individual bands, etc.

  The package is designed for a remote sensing application (it can handle
  VERY LARGE images) and there is all kinds of other software available
  for GIS applications.
  Host Configuration Requirements

  It runs on Intergraph Workstations (a Unix machine similar to a Sun)
  though there  were rumors (there are always rumors) that the software
  would be  ported to PC and possibly a Sun environment.

PCI
---
  A company called PCI, Inc., out of Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada, makes
  an array of software utilities for processing, manipulation, and use of
  remote sensing data in eight or ten different "industry standard"
  formats: LGSOWG, BSQ, LANDSAT, and a couple of others whose titles I
  forget.  The software is available in versions for MS-DOS, Unix
  workstations (among them HP, Sun, and IBM), and VMS, and quite possibly
  other platforms by now.  I use the VMS version.

  The "PCI software" consists of several classes/groups/packages of
  utilities, grouped by function but all operating on a common "PCI
  database" disk file.  The "Tape I/O" package is a set of utility
  programs which read from the various remote-sensing industry tape
  formats INTO, or write those formats out FROM, the "PCI database" file;
  this is the only package I use or know much about.  Other packages can
  display data from the PCI database to one or another of several
  PCI-supported third-party color displays, output numeric or bitmap
  representation of image data to an attached printer, e.g. an Epson-type
  dot-matrix graphics printer.  You might be more spe- cifically
  interested in the mathematical operations package: histo- gram and
  Fourier analysis, equalization, user-specified operations (e.g.
  "multiply channel 1 by 3, add channel 2, and store as channel 5"), and
  God only knows what all else -- there's a LOT.  I don't have and don't
  use these, so can't say much about them; you only buy the packages your
  particular application/interest calls for.

  Each utility is controlled by from one to eight "parameters," read from
  a common "parameter file" which must be (in VMS anyway) in your "default
  directory."  Some utilities will share parameters and use the same
  parameter for a different purpose, so it can get a bit confusing setting
  up a series of operations.  The standard PCI environment contains a
  scripting language very similar to IBM-PC BASIC, but which allows you to
  automate the process of setting up parameters for a common, complicated,
  lengthy or difficult series of utility executions.  (In VMS I can also
  invoke utilities independently from a DCL command procedure.)  There's
  also an optional programming library which allows you to write compiled
  language programs which can interface with (read from/write to) the PCI
  data structures (database file, parameter file).

  The PCI software is designed specifically for remote-sensing images, but
  requires such a level of operator expertise that, once you reach the
  level where you can handle r-s images, you can figure out ways to handle
  a few other things as well.  For instance, the Tape I/O package offers a
  utility for reading headerless multi-band (what Adobe PhotoShop on the
  Macintosh calls "raw") data from tape, in a number of different
  "interleave" orders. This turns out to be ideal for manipulating the
  graphic-arts industry's "CT2T" format, would probably (I haven't tried)
  handle Targa, and so on. Above all, however, you HAVE TO KNOW WHAT
  YOU'RE DOING or you can screw up to the Nth degree and have to start
  over.  It's worth noting that the PCI "database" file is designed to
  contain not only "raster" (image) data, but vectors (for overlaying map
  information entered via digitizing table), land-use, and all manner of
  other information (I observe that a remote-sensing image tape often
  contains all manner of information about the spectral bands, latitude,
  longitude, time, date, etc. of the original satellite pass; all of this
  can go into the PCI "database").

  I _believe_ that on workstations the built-in display is used.  On VAX
  systems OTHER than workstations PCI supports only a couple of specific
  third-party display systems (the name Gould/Deanza seems to come to
  mind).  One of MY personal workarounds was a display program which would
  display directly from a PCI "database" file to a Peritek VCT-Q (Q-bus
  24-bit DirectColor) display subsystem.  PCI software COULD be "overkill"
  in your case; it seems designed for the very "high end"
  applications/users, i.e. those for whom a Mac/PC largely doesn't suffice
  (although as you know the gap is getting smaller all the time).  It's
  probably no coincidence that PCI is located in Canada, a country which
  does a LOT of its land/resource management via remote sensing; I believe
  the Canadian government uses PCI software for some of its work in these
  areas.

SPAM (Spectral Analysis Manager)
--------------------------------
  Back in 1985 JPL developed something called SPAM (Spectral Analysis
  Manager) which got a fair amount of use at the time.  That was designed
  for Airborne Imaging Spectrometer imagery (byte data, <= 256 pixels
  across by <= 512 lines by <= 256 bands); a modified version has since
  been developed for AVIRIS (Airborne VIsual and InfraRed Imaging
  Spectrometer) which uses much larger images.

  Spam does none of these things (rectification, classification, PC and
  IHS transformations, filtering, contrast enhancement, overlays).
  Actually, it does limited filtering and contrast enhancement
  (stretching).  Spam is aimed at spectral identification and clustering.

  The original Spam uses X or SunView to display.  The AVIRIS version may
  require VICAR, an executive based on TAE, and may also require a frame
  buffer.  I can refer you to people if you're interested.  PCW requires X
  for display.

MAP II
------
  Among the Mac GIS systems, MAP II is distributed by John Wiley.

CLRview
-------
  CLRview is a 3-dimensional visualization program designed to exploit
  the real-time capabilities of Silicon Graphics IRIS computers.

  This program is designed to provide a core set of tools to aid in the
  visualization of information from CAD and GIS sources.  It supports
  the integration of many common but disperate data sources such as DXF,
  TIN, DEM, Lattices, and Arc/Info Coverages among others.

  CLRview can be obtained from explorer.dgp.utoronto.ca (128.100.1.129) 
  in the directory pub/sgi/clrview.

  Contact:
  Rodney Hoinkes
  Head of Design Applications
  Centre for Landscape Research
  University of Toronto
  Tel:   (416) 978-7197
  Email: rodney@dgp.utoronto.ca

==========================================================================

End of Resource Listing
-- 
Nick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, Greece
HOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.gr
      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotis
      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38854
From: dts@buoy.cis.ufl.edu (Dave Small)
Subject: WANTED: references on parallel algorithms

element analysis, radiosity, distributed processing

Hi,

	I'm looking for references to parallel algorithms on:

		octrees
		adaptive subdivision
		adaptive meshing
		finite element meshing/analysis
		radiosity

	Any help will be greatly appreciated.  E-mail replies to

			Dave Small
			dts@cis.ufl.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38856
From: gorgen@ann-arbor.applicon.slb.com (David Gorgen)
Subject: Need help: Z-buffering lines & areas together

I'm asking for help on a sticky problem involving unreasonably low
apparent precision in Z-buffering, that I've encountered in 2 different
PEX implementations.  I can't find any discussion of this problem in any
resources I can lay hands on (e.g. the comp.windows.x.pex FAQ, Gaskins's
_PEXlib_Programming_Manual_, vendors' documentation).

I'm posting this article by itself on comp.graphics, and virtually the
same article with a test program demonstrating the problem on
comp.windows.x.pex.  The problem is hard to describe without pictures,
hence this article is longish.  If you can run PEXlib 5.x programs and
are interested, I encourage you to build and run the test program in
comp.windows.x.pex to see the effect yourself and play with my approach
to dealing with it.  (It depends on the utility code from the above
Gaskins book; instructions for fetching it via anonymous FTP are given.)

The problem to be solved is to eliminate or minimize "stitching"
artifacts resulting from the use of Z-buffering with polylines that are
coplanar with filled areas.  The interpolated Z values along a line will
differ slightly, due to roundoff error, from the interpolated Z values
across an area, even when the endpoints of the line are coincident with
vertices of the area.  Because of this, it's a tossup whether the
Z-buffer will allow the line pixels or the area pixels to be displayed.
Visually, the result tends to be a dashed-line effect even though the
line is supposed to be solid.

Using the PEXlib API, my approach to a solution is to use two slightly
different PEX view mapping transforms, in two view table entries, one
for the areas and one for the lines.  The PEX structures or immediate-
mode output must be organized so that one view table index is always in
effect for areas, and the other is always in effect for lines.  The
result is a slight shift in NPC Z coordinates for the lines, so as to
attempt to bias the tossup situations in favor of the lines.

This shift is effected by moving the front and back clipping planes used
in the PEXlib view table entry for lines just a hair "backwards" (i.e.
smaller VRC Z coordinates), compared to their positions in the view
table entry used for areas.  This means that when a point is transformed
to NPC, its Z value will be slightly bigger if it comes from a line than
if it comes from an area, thus accomplishing the desired bias.

I would expect the Z roundoff errors which cause the problem to amount
to a few units at most, out of the entire dynamic range of the Z-buffer,
typically from 0 to 65535 if not 16777215 (i.e. 16 or 24 bit Z-buffers).
Therefore, it seems that a tiny fraction of the range of Z in VRC
between the front and back clip planes ought to suffice to reliably fix
the stitching.

But in fact, experience shows that the shift has to be as much as 0.003
to 0.006 of the range.  (Empirically, it's worst when the NPC Z
component of the slope of the surface is high, i.e. when it appears more
or less edge-on to the viewer.)  It's as if only 8 or 9 bits of the
Z-buffer have any dependable meaning!  This amount is so great that one
problem is replaced by another: sometimes the polylines "show through"
areas which they are supposed to lie behind.

I've observed the problem on both Hewlett-Packard and Digital
workstation PEX servers, to approximately the same degree.  The test
program demonstrates the problem on an MIT PEXlib 5.x implementation;
this version is known to compile and run on an HP-UX system with PEX
5.1.

Open questions:
    (1) Why does this happen?
        --  Am I configuring the PEX view table wrongly?
        --  Is there a systematic difference in Z interpolation for lines
            as opposed to areas (e.g. pixel centers versus corners) which
            could be corrected for?
        --  Are PEX implementors wantonly discarding Z precision in their
            interpolators?
        --  Something else?
    (2) What to do about it?
        --  Can I fix my use of the view table to allow better precision
            in Z-buffered HLHSR?
        --  Is there another approach I can take to remove the stitching
            artifacts?
        --  Am I just out of luck?

Any help would be immensely appreciated!

-- 
===============================================================================
Dave Gorgen                         Internet: gorgen@ann-arbor.applicon.slb.com
Applicon Inc.                                 gorgen@aaaca1.sinet.slb.com
Ann Arbor, Michigan (USA)               UUCP: ...!uunet!sharkey!applga!gorgen

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38857
From: ewinterr@cwis.isu.edu (EWING_TERRY)
Subject: Raytriacing and animation


Now I have a couple raytracing questions.
Just so you know I'm using PovRay 1.0 (both MS-dos and Unix) and I'm generating Targa files of varying size.

1) ok, so I can view these wonderful pictures on my screen.  What's the best way  to get them on to paper?  Would it be possible to take it to Kinko's and have   them make an actual picture on paper from it?

2) I was thinking about making a small animation bit with different raytraced 
frames.  Is this a bad idea?  Any tricks to it?

3

)
 How would I get a sequence of targa files made into an animation 
that I could put on a videotape?  Is there a cheap way?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38858
From: rtaraz@bigwpi.WPI.EDU (Ramin Taraz)
Subject: Need gif/iff file format


Could somebody please _email_ me some info on either what gif or iff
file formats are, or where I can get such info?


thanx

rtaraz@wpi.wpi.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38859
From: holmes7000@iscsvax.uni.edu
Subject: Archiving GIF

What's the best way to archive GIF's?  I zip them and they only shrink 1%.  I
have most compression programs except stacker which I heard was good for GIF's.


Thanx
-Brando

PS please E-mail me, I don't get down this far on the news usually


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38860
Subject: Re: POVray : tga -> rle
From: Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (Craig Andrew Humphrey)


In article <ltqp28INNpa7@pageboy.cs.utexas.edu>, jhpark@cs.utexas.edu (Jihun Park) writes:
>Hello,
>I have some problem in converting tga file(generated by POVray) to
>rle file. When I convert, I do not get any warning message. But
>if I use xloadimage/getx11, something is wrong.

[edited]

>I know that I need to install ppmtorle and tgatoppm, but I do not spend
>time to install them. Even I do not want to generate .rgb from POVray
>and then convert them to rle, if possible.(.rgb to rle works, but
>it will mess up my directory with so many files, and it needs 2 more
>steps to finally convert to rle file. say cat | rawtorle | rleflip )
>Does any body out there have same experience/problems ?


Well for starters, why use rle files?  You might have a specific program that
needs them, OK, but I tend to convert straight to jpeg format, thus a 2.4meg
24bit targa file becomes a ~80k or less 24bit jpeg.

The latest versions of XV (2.2.1 ?) and xloadimage (3.03) both handle jpeg files.
And the best way to convert to jpeg is with the c/djpeg suit.  Even at 90%
quality (you can't see the difference) the jpeg is way smaller than anything
else even an 8bit gif!

Later'ish
Craig
-- 
    |\/\/\/\/\/| "I didn't do it, nobody saw me do it, 
    | ___  ___ |  you can't prove anything."          
    |/   \/   \|   craig.humphrey@stargate.actrix.gen.nz
__ccc_c_#_|__#_ccc_c____chumphre@comp.vuw.ac.nz______________________________

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38861
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Kubota Kenai/Denali specs


Okay, I got enough replies about the Kubota Kenai/Denali systems that I
will post a summary of their capabilities.  I haven't actually used one
or seen one, so take the specs with a grain of salt.  I'd like to see
an independent review of one against, say, an SGI Indigo Extreme or
something.

Basically, the Kenai workstations are DEC Alpha AXP based workstations that
run OSF/1 ( DEC's ) and will likely run Windows NT in the future.  They are
binary compatible with Digital's OSF/1 Alpha AXP implementation.  Denali
is their graphics subsystem, which is upgradable in the field by
simply adding "transformation engines".

The two main Kenai machines are the 3400 Imaging and 3D Graphics Workstation
and the 3500 Imaging and 3D Graphics Workstation.


			3400			3500

CPU			DEC Alpha AXP 133MHz	DEC Alpha AXP 150MHz
On-chip cache		8k/8k			8k/8k
Onboard cache		512K			512K
Word Size		64-bit			64-bit
Memory ( initial )	32-128MB		32-256MB
Memory ( future )	512MB			1GB
SPECMARK89		111			126
SPECINT92		75			84
SPECFP92		112			128

GRAPHICS

Transform Modules	1-6			1-6
Frame Buffer Modules	5,10,20			5,10,20
Frame Buffer		1280x1024x24bit		1280x1024x24bit
			double buffered		double buffered
Z-buffer		24-bit			24-bit
Alpha/stencil		8-bit			8-bit
Stereo support		yes			yes
Other:				both machines will double buffer or do
				stereo output per window.  Both have an
				auxiliary video output that is RS-170A,
				NTSC, and PAL

STORAGE

Internal-fixed		2 3.5"			4 3.5"
Internal-removable	1 5.25"			2 5.25"
Max capacity		9.5GB			11.6 GB

IO

Both have TurboChannel 100MB/sec, SCSI-2, Ethernet, and FDDI

APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACES

Both have libraries for Xlib, Motif, MIT PEXlib, DEC-PEXlib DEC-PHIGS, and GL

Okay, now the real stuff.  The Kenai stations work with a graphics architecture
known as Denali.  The Denali comes in three models, the E, P, and V.  They
use a DECchip 21064 superscalar RISC processor at 150MHz.  Their
capabilities are as follows:

			E		P		V

2D Vectors		800-200K	2000-3800K	4000-4800K
3D Vectors #1		350-1100K	1100-1800K	1800-2100K
3D Vectors #2		300-1000K	1000-1600K	1600-1900K
3D Vectors #3		300-500K	800-1000K	1300-1400K
3D Triangles, #4	200-500K	600-1000K	1000-1200K
3D Triangles, #5	100-200K	300-400K	500-600K

#1: 10 pixel, flat shaded, connected
#2: 10 pixel, Gouraud shaded, connected
#3: 10 pixel, 2-pixel wide, anti-aliased, connected
#4: 50-pixel, Gouraud shaded, Z-buffered, strip
#5: 50-pixel, texture mapped, persp., point sampled

IMAGE PROCESSING

Cine loop - 8-bit	15-36Mp/s	37-58 Mp/s	60-68 Mp/s
Cine loop - 16-bit	14 Mp/s		25 Mp/s		38 Mp/s
Cine loop - 24-bit	12-21 Mp/s	21 Mp/s		21 Mp/s
Contrast stretching #1	14 Mp/s		25 Mp/s		20 Mp/s
Bilinear zoom		6 Mp/s		11 Mp/s		20 Mp/s
Trilinear interp#2	--		6 Mvoxels/s	11 Mvoxels/s

#1: Lookup table -- 12-,16-bit to 8
#2: Trilinear interpolation, 8-bit voxels

CONFIGURATIONS
Frame Buffer Modules	5		10		20
Transform Engine Mod.	1-3		3-5		5-6


As you can see, these are pretty powerful workstations, and the best part
is the pricing.  I would recommend that you call Kubota for more information.
Their number is 408-727-8100.  I'm sure they'll send you an information you
may want.  Oh, some prices:

Low-end

Kenai 3400, E Series w/ 1 TEM and 5 FBM --- 27,795 dollars U.S.
Kenai 3500, E Series w/ 1 TEM and 5 FBM --- 45,345 dollars U.S.

High-end

Kenai 3400, V Series w/ 6 TEM and 20 FBM -- 61,795 dollars U.S.
Kenai 3500, V Series w/ 6 TEM and 20 FBM -- 79,345 dollars U.S.

If someone could post a relative comparision with an Indigo Extreme or
something I would appreciate it.

Hope this helps someone out there,

Brian

PS I am not affiliated with Kubota in any way.  Hell, I thought they made
tractors or something. :-)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38862
From: vax839@tid.es (Juan Carlos Cuesta Cuesta)
Subject: AUTOCAD GRAPHICS CONVERTER


  Could anybody tell me if exists any program to convert AUTOCAD graphics to
another format (GIF, TIFF, BMP, PCX ...) and where to get it?

	Thanks in advance

	J. C. Cuesta Cuesta
	TIDSA - Madrid (Spain)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38863
From: xepo@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Scott R Violet)
Subject: Looking for code to brake image into sub-bands


Hi all,
	I am working on a project in which I need to brake an image
into sub-bands and then work with them.  Since I have never done
anything like this, don't even understand the concept of sub-bands, I
was wondering if there is some software out there that would allow me
to do this.  Any hints?
Thanks,
-- 

		-Scott Violet (xepo@csd4.csd.uwm.edu)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38864
Subject: Re: Virtual Reality for X on the CHEAP!
From: tpot@ironbark (Tim Potter)

peter@gort.trl.OZ.AU (Peter K. Campbell) writes:
: ridout@bink.plk.af.mil (Brian S.  Ridout) writes:
: 
: >In article <1993Apr15.134802.21995@mfltd.co.uk>, sts@mfltd.co.uk (Steve Sherwood (x5543)) writes:
: >|> Has anyone got multiverse to work ?
: >|>          Extn 5543, sts@mfltd.co.uk, !uunet!mfocus!sts
: 
: I've tried compiling it on several SPARCstations with gcc 2.22.  After
: fixing up a few bugs (3 missing constant definitions plus a couple of
: other things) I got it to compile & link, but after starting client
: & server I just get a black window; sometimes the client core dumps,
: sometimes the server, sometimes I get a broken pipe, sometimes it
: just sits there doing nothing although I occassionally get the
: cursor to become a cross-hair in dog-fight, but that's it.  I've
: sent word to the author plus what I did to fix it last week, but
: no reply as yet.
: 
: Peter K. Campbell
: p.campbell@trl.oz.au

I've discovered a bug in the libraries/parser/parser.c loadcolour function where it was generating a segmentation fault.  It appears the colourList[] is geting corrupted somehow.  I had it return random colours instead and everything worked great (except for a few colour problems) so I know its the only thing wrong.

The colour table somehow gets a couple of nulls placed in it so when the "name" of the colours are compared it crashes.  I haven't found the problem yet maybe someone else can.
--
Adrian Turner
University College of Northern Victoria
turner@ironbark.ucnv.edu.au

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38865
From: Scott_Rindfleisch@vos.stratus.com
Subject: LOOKING FOR GRAIG@TOONTOWN


I noticed you post in comp.graphics and know a person with your name.  I was
wondering if you used to live in Paxton Mass.  If so, I have a friend that
would like to say HI.


Sorry for the inconvience if this isn't who I think it is.


SR

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38866
From: aron@taos.ced.berkeley.edu (Aron Bonar)
Subject: Re: GIF to Targa

In article <1993Apr28.143057.8335@fuw.edu.pl>, muchor@fuw.edu.pl (Krzysztof Muchorowski) writes:
|> Hello,
|>    Subject says it all. I need a GIF to Targa converter, so that my
|> dta15 could make a .FLI of them.
|>       Krzysztof
|> 

DTA will make a .FLI from GIFs as well as Targas. You don't need a converter.
Also..get the latest version of DTA from wuarchive.wustl.edu in pub/msdos_uploads.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38867
From: rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham)
Subject: Re: ACM SIGGRAPH Registration Problem

zyda@cs.nps.navy.mil (Michael Zyda) notes:

> A word of warning for those of you registering for SIGGRAPH '93.
> I just received my registration form back in the mail with the
> envelope marked "Return to sender. Moved - Left No Address.
> Closed PO Box". The address I used to register for SIGGRAPH '93
> is the one printed on the registration form:
> 
>      ACM SIGGRAPH '93
>      PO Box 95316,
>      Chicago, IL 60694-5316
> 
> I printed the envelope in my best printing, honest but evidently
> SIGGRAPH '93 has skipped town or moved?
> 
> I ended up faxing my registration to: 312-321-6876. I hope that
> number is real!
> 
>      Michael Zyda

I had the same problem and called the people who handle the box; the
problem happened some time ago and was caught almost instantly.  All
registrations going to that address are now fixed.  See what trouble
you get into when you don't procrastinate, Mike?

And no, SIGGRAPH 93 has not skipped town -- we're preparing the best
SIGGRAPH conference yet!

-- Steve Cunningham 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38868
From: "Gaetan Lord, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal" <DG03@music.mus.polymtl.ca>
Subject: HPGL viewer and utilities

Hi

I would like to know if there is any software, PD or not, who
could produce X11 output of HPGL file on RS/6000. And same kind of
software who could produce hardcopy on postscript and lasetjet.

Thank You

+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                      |
| Gaetan Lord                      | VOICE:    (514) 340-4352          |
! analyste                         | FAX:      (514) 340-4189          |
| Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal  |                                   |
| P.O. Box 6079  Station A         |                                   |
| Montreal, Quebec                 |                                   |
| Canada                           | THERE'S NO FUTURE IN TIME TRAVEL. |
| J0T-2C0                          | ********************************* |
|                                                                      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38869
From: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca (Jim Powlesland)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?


I've had pretty good success autotracing line art with Adobe
Streamline 2.0. The key to controlling excessive points, etc. is
to take some time and do some test conversions using various
Tolerance settings.


-- 
/  Jim Powlesland                   / INTERNET: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca
/  Academic Computing Services      / VOICE:    (403)220-7937
/  University of Calgary            / MESSAGE:  (403)220-6201
/  Calgary, Alberta CANADA  T2N 1N4 / FAX:      (403)282-9199

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38870
From: rigby@echo.unr.edu (Wayne Rigby)
Subject: Re: Cross, Sobel & Roberts Filters ?

In article <1993Apr28.090635.15878@waikato.ac.nz> pdenize@waikato.ac.nz writes:

>I saw an imaging program some time ago on an Amiga that had
>Cross, Sobel and Roberts filters for edge detection. 
>
>Can anybody direct me to these algorithms.

OK, never heard of Cross filters, but Roberts, Prewitt and Sobel filters
are standard spatial masks for edge detection.  Highpass filtering does a
good job of detecting edges, too.  A good reference for all sorts of general
digital image processing is the book _Digital Image Processing_ by
Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods.  Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. 1992.
ISBN 0-201-50803-6

I've used this source to do the above filters and many other things as a
grad project.  Not too dificult to do.  The worst part is loading in the
images from TIFF/GIF/IFF-ILBM/whatever!  :)

Wayne Rigby
rigby@cs.unr.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38871
Subject: Source code/help on IP packages(Please)!
From: ashlin@ironbark.ucnv.edu.au (Vance Ashlin)

Greetings this is a general call for information regarding Image
Processing. I am looking for any material related to the field, and am
also trying to get my hands on some easy to use packages related to the
field. In particular source code for general use packages.

I already have several texts on the subject, but would appreciate more
input from people more knowledgable in the field than myself. I'm not
mathematically literate (ie. I don't have a degree in mathematics), so
any material that is suggested I would prefer that it was not
mathematically intensive.

The best book I have found on the subject at the moment is:

"Practical Digital Image Processing"
by Rhys Lewis
ISBN: 0-13-683525-2
Published by Ellis Horwood (c)1990.

Likewise I am trying to get a fair sample of programs that demonstrate
Image Processing techniques. So far I have 'xv', and 'khoros' for Unix.
'Dcview 2.1' for the IBM PC, and various related smatterings of C code
to help describe topics like, contrasting, dithering, image enhancement
via convolution etc.

If anyone could kindly supply me with some public domain software
pertinent to this area, or better still if they could tell me where I am
most likely to find it on the AARNET (Internet). If I can I would prefer
source code in C or Turbo Pascal that includes some Image Processing
code/algorithms, that I can readily alter/manipulate for the purposes of
demonstration it would be most helpful.

All the above information will contribute to my post-graduate studies,
and will be liberally used in my paper, and seminar on the subject.


          Thanks in advance Vance Ashlin
          Diploma Advanced Computing

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Thinking is dangerous, subversive, mindnumbing and leads you astray

ashlin@ironbark.ucnv.edu.au
i880429@redgum.ucnv.edu.au
-------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38873
From: lee@hobbes.cs.umass.edu (Peter Lee)
Subject: Re: QuickTime performance (was Re: Rumours about 3DO ???)

In article <1993Apr26.170915.15833@waikato.ac.nz> ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University) writes:

   Path: dime!ymir.cs.umass.edu!nic.umass.edu!noc.near.net!howland.reston.ans.net!usc!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!decwrl!waikato.ac.nz!ldo
   From: ldo@waikato.ac.nz (Lawrence D'Oliveiro, Waikato University)
   Newsgroups: comp.multimedia,comp.graphics
   Date: 26 Apr 93 05:09:15 GMT
   References: <1993Mar31.074502.3590@aragorn.unibe.ch>  <1993Apr16.212441.34125@rchland.ibm.com>
   Organization: University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
   Lines: 67
   Xref: dime comp.multimedia:6358 comp.graphics:32606

   OK, with all the discussion about observed playback speeds with QuickTime,
   the effects of scaling and so on, I thought I'd do some more tests.

   First of all, I felt that my original speed test was perhaps less than
   realistic. The movie I had been using only had 18 frames in it (it was a
   version of the very first movie I created with the Compact Video compressor).
   I decided something a little longer would give closer to real-world results
   (for better or for worse).

   I pulled out a copy of "2001: A Space Odyssey" that I had recorded off TV
   a while back. About fifteen minutes into the movie, there's a sequence where
   the Earth shuttle is approaching the space station. Specifically, I digitized
   a portion of about 30 seconds' duration, zooming in on the rotating space
   station. I figured this would give a reasonable amount of movement between
   frames. To increase the differences between frames, I digitized it at only
   5 frames per second, to give a total of 171 frames.

   I captured the raw footage at a resolution of 384*288 pixels with the Spigot
   card in my Centris 650 (quarter-size resolution from a PAL source). I then
   imported it into Premiere and put it through the Compact Video compressor,
   keeping the 5 fps frame rate. I created two versions of the movie: one scaled
   to 320*240 resolution, the other at 160*120 resolution. I used the default
   "2.00" quality setting in Premiere 2.0.1, and specified a key frame every ten
   frames.

   I then ran the 320*240 movie through the same "Raw Speed Test" program I used
   for the results I'd been reporting earlier.

   Result: a playback rate of over 45 frames per second.

   That's right, I was getting a much higher result than with that first short
   test movie. Just for fun, I copied the 320*240 movie to my external hard
   disk (a Quantum LP105S), and ran it from there. This time the playback rate
   was only about 35 frames per second. Obviously the 230MB internal hard disk
   (also a Quantum) is a significant contributor to the speed of playback.

   I modified my speed test program to allow the specification of optional
   scaling factors, and tried playing back the 160*120 movie scaled to 320*240
   size. This time the playback speed was over 60 fps. Clearly, the poster who
   observed poor performance on scaled playback was seeing QuickTime 1.0 in
   action, not 1.5. I'd try my tests with QuickTime 1.0, but I don't think it's
   entirely compatible with my Centris and System 7.1...

   Unscaled, the playback rate for the 160*120 movie was over 100 fps.

   The other thing I tried was saving versions of the 320*240 movie with
   "preferred" playback rates greater than 1.0, and seeing how well they played
   from within MoviePlayer (ie with QuickTime's normal synchronized playback).
   A preferred rate of 9.0 (=> 45 fps) didn't work too well: the playback was
   very jerky. Compare this with the raw speed test, which achieved 45 fps with
   ease. I can't believe that QuickTime's synchronization code would add this
   much overhead: I think the slowdown was coming from the Mac system's task
   switching.

   A preferred rate of 7.0 (=> 35 fps) seemed to work fine: I couldn't see
   any evidence of stutter. At 8.0 (=> 40 fps) I *think* I could see slight
   stutter, but with four key frames every second, it was hard to tell.

   I guess I could try recreating the movies with a longer interval between the
   key frames, to make the stutter more noticeable. Of course, this will also
   improve the compression slightly, which should speed up the playback performance
   even more...

   Lawrence D'Oliveiro                       fone: +64-7-856-2889
   Computer Services Dept                     fax: +64-7-838-4066
   University of Waikato            electric mail: ldo@waikato.ac.nz
   Hamilton, New Zealand    37^ 47' 26" S, 175^ 19' 7" E, GMT+12:00


I'm afraid I missed the start of this thread, but there are three factors that
can significantly affect QuickTime's playback speed that you may want to take
into account:

(1) playback bit depth (things are fastest when you play a
movie back at the bit depth it was compressed for, this is usually 8 or 16
bit, but other depths are (of course) possible).

(2) type of scaling (QT is optimized for "double size" scaling, other scaling
factors hit peformance much harder).

(3) playback window position (MoviePlayer limits your window placement choices
to advantagous pixel boundaries by default, I'm not sure about Premiere).

Any combination of those can radically alter playback performance.  Image size
is, of course, another biggie.  Giving the movie player lots of RAM can also
make a real difference.

Forgive me if these were mentioned earlier in the thread...

-Peter Lee

 
--
/-------------------- Peter E. Lee, Software Conductor ----------------------\
|                       Specular International, Inc.                         |
|       lee@cs.umass.edu or (413) 256-1329 (H) or (413) 549-7600 (W)         |
\-------- Beauty is 24 bits deep, plus eight bits of alpha channel ----------/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38874
From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer

In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
> Hi,
> 
> I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
> images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
> graphics board running X11.

	xli, xloadimage or ImageMagick - export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] /contrib

	Graeme Gill

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38875
From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: POVray : tga -> rle

In article <ltqp28INNpa7@pageboy.cs.utexas.edu>, jhpark@cs.utexas.edu (Jihun Park) writes:
> Hello,
> I have some problem in converting tga file(generated by POVray) to
> rle file. When I convert, I do not get any warning message. But
> if I use xloadimage/getx11, something is wrong.
> 
> Error messages are,
> % targatorle -o o.rle data.tga
> % xloadimage o.rle
> o.rle is a 0x0 24 bit RLE image with no map (will dither to 8 bits), with gamma of 1.00
>   Dithering image...done
>   Building XImage...done
> xloadimage: X Error: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation) on 0x0
> xloadimage: X Error: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) on 0xb00003
> ......

	This happens when your X server has run out of memory. You need
more memory or you need to quit any un-neccessary running clients.

	Graeme Gill.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38876
From: sherman@unx.sas.com (Chris Sherman)
Subject: Re: POVray : tga -> rle

In <1rkkb6$gec@st-james.comp.vuw.ac.nz> Craig.Humphrey@comp.vuw.ac.nz (Craig Andrew Humphrey) writes:


>In article <ltqp28INNpa7@pageboy.cs.utexas.edu>, jhpark@cs.utexas.edu (Jihun Park) writes:
>>Hello,
>>I have some problem in converting tga file(generated by POVray) to
>>rle file. When I convert, I do not get any warning message. But
>>if I use xloadimage/getx11, something is wrong.

>[edited]

>>I know that I need to install ppmtorle and tgatoppm, but I do not spend
>>time to install them. Even I do not want to generate .rgb from POVray
>>and then convert them to rle, if possible.(.rgb to rle works, but
>>it will mess up my directory with so many files, and it needs 2 more
>>steps to finally convert to rle file. say cat | rawtorle | rleflip )
>>Does any body out there have same experience/problems ?


>Well for starters, why use rle files?  

Exactly...

I didn't want to mess with tga or rle.  So I wrote the following script. 
All you need is the very standard set of pbm utilities. 

This script is a .pov to .jpg converter.  Just run it like this:

  pov2jpg 1280 1024 fred.pov 

You will need to modify the path's in the script to reflect where you put
povray and its include files.  If you have a problem with disk space, you
can use named pipes instead of temporary files.

I hope you find it useful...

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#!/bin/sh

if [ $# -lt 3 ] ; then
  echo "usage:  $0 width height sourcefile.pov other_options"
  exit
fi

width=$1
height=$2
datafile=$3
shift 3

#basedatafile=`echo $datafile | sed -e "s/\(.*\)\.pov/\1/"`

thedatafile=`basename $datafile` 
basedatafile=`basename $datafile .pov` 
dirdatafile=`dirname $datafile` 

cd $dirdatafile
/afs/rnd.sas.com/u/sherman/pov/povsrc/build/povray \
  +l/afs/rnd.sas.com/u/sherman/pov/povscn/include \
  +o/tmp/data$$ +w${width} +h${height} +fr +i${thedatafile} $*

echo " "
rawtopgm $width $height < /tmp/data$$.grn > /tmp/green$$
rawtopgm $width $height < /tmp/data$$.red > /tmp/red$$
rawtopgm $width $height < /tmp/data$$.blu > /tmp/blue$$
rgb3toppm /tmp/red$$ /tmp/green$$ /tmp/blue$$ | cjpeg > ${basedatafile}.jpg 
rm /tmp/red$$ /tmp/green$$ /tmp/blue$$ /tmp/data$$.grn /tmp/data$$.red \
   /tmp/data$$.blu
echo "Wrote output to ${basedatafile}.jpg"

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

--
     ____/     /     /     __  /    _  _/    ____/
    /         /     /     /   /      /     /          Chris Sherman
   /         ___   /        _/      /          /
 _____/   __/   __/   __/ _\    _____/   _____/           sherman@unx.sas.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38877
From: wier@merlin.etsu.edu (Bob Wier)
Subject: Adobe Photoshop Mailing List

I've done a bit of looking, and havn't been able to 
come up with a mailing list or newsgroup for users
of Adobe Photoshop.  Assuming I've just not missed
it, I'll go ahead and see if there is enough interest
to start a mailing list (and/or alt. newsgroup).

Drop me a note if  you might be interested in subscribing.

THANKS!

--Bob Wier (NOT of the Grateful Dead :-)

======== insert usual disclaimers here ============
  Bob Wier, East Texas State U., Commerce, Texas
          Historic Image Processing Project
  wier@merlin.etsu.edu (watch for address change) 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38878
From: wilmshurst@reg.triumf.ca (WILMSHURST, PETER)
Subject: Re: morphing

In article <13742@news.duke.edu>, seth@north6.acpub.duke.edu (Seth Wandersman) writes...
> 
>Keywords: 
> 
>I am looking for some morphing programs for DEC's or pc's. I looked for a program
>called dmorph using archie but could not find it. I found a progrmam call
>morpho but it only did grayscale images. Does anyone know where I should look?

Try searching for DMORF, I think it's located on wuarchive.wustl.edu in a
mirror directory... I've used it before, & it was pretty good!

Pete Wilmshurst
email:	wilmshurst@reg.triumf.ca


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38879
From: eric.vitiello@tfd.coplex.com (Eric Vitiello) 
Subject: 3DS: Where did all the te

TO: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk (R Hawkes)

RH>I've noticed that if you only save a model (with all your mapping planes
RH>positioned carefully) to a .3DS file that when you reload it after restarting
RH>3DS, they are given a default position and orientation.  But if you save
RH>to a .PRJ file their positions/orientation are preserved.  Does anyone
RH>know why this information is not stored in the .3DS file?  Nothing is

    This is because the PRJ (Project) format saves all of your settings,
    right down to the last render file's name.

RH>I'd like to be able to read the texture rule information, does anyone have
RH>the format for the .PRJ file?

    Sorry... Don't have anything on that or the CEL format.

....r.c V.t.ell. .r...
---
 . DeLuxe./386 1.25 #959sa . .....Stupid ..... Line ...}. Noise!!
                                                                                         

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38880
From: walter@uni-koblenz.de (Walter Hower)
Subject: Re: PARAMETRIC/VARIATIONAL DESIGN

Here now some initial references; best regards - Walter.
@InProceedings{Keirouz:et:al:90,
  author = 	"Walid Keirouz and Jahir Pabon and Robert Young",
  title = 	"{Integrating parametric geometry, features, and
		 variational modeling for conceptual design}",
  booktitle = 	"International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology",
  year = 	"1990",
  editor = 	"{J.\ R.}\ Rinderle",
  pages = 	"1--9",
  organization = 	"American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)",
  OPTpublisher = 	"",
  OPTaddress = 	"",
  OPTmonth = 	"",
  note = 	"Proceedings"
}


@InProceedings{Yamaguchi:Kimura:90,
  author = 	"Yasushi Yamaguchi and Fumihiko Kimura",
  title = 	"{A constraint modeling system for variational geometry}",
  booktitle = 	"{Geometric modeling for product engineering}",
  year = 	"1990",
  editor = 	"{Michael J.}\ Wozny and {J.\ U.}\ Turner and {K.}\ Preiss",
  pages = 	"221--233",
  organization = 	"IFIP",
  publisher = 	"Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.\ (North-Holland),
		 Amsterdam, The Netherlands",
  OPTaddress = 	"",
  OPTmonth = 	"",
  note = 	"Selected and Expanded Papers form the IFIP WG 5.2/NSF
		 Working Conference on Geometric Modeling, Rensselaerville, NY, U.S.A.,
		 18--22 September 1988"
}

@InProceedings{Chung:et:al:88,
  author = 	"{Jack C.\ H.}\ Chung and {Joseph W.}\ Klahs
		 and {Robert L.}\ Cook and Thijs Sluiter",
  title = 	"{Implementation issues in variational geometry and
		 constraint management}",
  booktitle = 	"Third International Conference on
       CAD/CAM, Robotics and Factories of the Future (CARS and FOF'88)",
  year = 	"1988",
  OPTeditor = 	"",
  OPTpages = 	"",
  OPTorganization = 	"",
  OPTpublisher = 	"",
  address = 	"Detroit, Michigan, USA",
  month = 	" August 14--17,",
  note = 	"Proceedings, probably: Springer-Verlag,
		 Berlin/Heidelberg, 1989"
}

@Article{Kimura:et:al:86,
  author = 	"Fumihiko Kimura and Hiromasa Suzuki and Toshio Sata",
  title = 	"{Variational Product Design by Constraint Propagation
		 and Satisfaction in Product Modelling}",
  journal = 	"Annals of the CIRP",
  year = 	"1986",
  volume = 	"35",
  number = 	"1",
  pages = 	"75--78",
  OPTmonth = 	"",
  note = 	"(probably) International Institution for Production Engineering Research"
}

@Article{Kimura:et:al:87,
  author = 	"{F.}\ Kimura and {H.}\ Suzuki and {H.}\ Ando and {T.}\ Sato and
		 {A.}\ Kinosada",
  title = 	"{Variational Geometry Based on Logical Constraints
		 and its Applications to Product Modelling}",
  journal = 	"Annals of the CIRP",
  year = 	"1987",
  volume = 	"36",
  number = 	"1",
  pages = 	"65--68",

@InProceedings{Chung:Schussel:89,
  author = 	"{Jack C.H.}\ Chung and {Martin D.}\ Schussel",
  title = 	"{Comparison of Variational and Parametric Design}",
  booktitle = 	"Autofact '89",
  year = 	"1989",
  OPTeditor = 	"",
  pages = 	"5-27 -- 5-44",
  OPTorganization = 	"",
  OPTpublisher = 	"",
  address = 	"Detroit, Michigan, USA",
  month = 	"October 30 -- November 2,",
  note = 	"Conference Proceedings"
}


@Article{Pabon:et:al:92,
  author = 	"Jahir Pabon and Robert Young and Walid Keirouz",
  title = 	"{Integrating Parametric Geometry, Features, and
		 Variational Modeling for Conceptual Design}",
  journal = 	"International Journal of Systems Automation: Research
		 and Applications (SARA)",
  year = 	"1992",
  volume = 	"2",
  OPTnumber = 	"",
  pages = 	"17--36",
  OPTmonth = 	"",
  OPTnote = 	""
}

@Article{Kondo:90,
  author = 	"Koichi Kondo",
  title = 	"{PIGMOD: parametric and interactive geometric
		 modeller for mechanical design}",
  journal = 	"CAD, computer-aided design",
  year = 	"1990",
  volume = 	"22",
  number = 	"10",
  pages = 	"633--644",
  month = 	"december",
  note = 	"Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd"
}


@InProceedings{Zalik:et:al:92a,
  author = 	"Borut {\v{Z}}alik and Nikola Guid and Aleksander Vesel",
  title = 	"{Parametric Design Using Constraint Description Graph}", 
  booktitle = 	"CAD '92, Neue Konzepte zur Realisierung
		 anwendungsorientierter CAD-Systeme",
  year = 	"1992",
  editor = 	"{Frank-Lothar} Krause and Detlev Ruland and Helmut Jansen",
  pages = 	"329--344",
  OPTorganization = 	"",
  publisher = 	"Informatik aktuell, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg",
  OPTaddress = 	"",
  month = 	"14./15.\ Mai",
  note = 	"GI-Fachtagung, Berlin"
}


@InProceedings{Murtagh:Shimura:90,
  author = 	"Niall Murtagh and Masamichi Shimura",
  title = 	"{Parametric Engineering Design Using Constraint-Based Reasoning}",
  booktitle = 	"AAAI-90, Eighth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  year = 	"1990",
  OPTeditor = 	"",
  pages = 	"505--510",
  organization = 	"American Association for Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher = 	"Proceedings, Volume One, AAAI Press, Menlo Park, CA, U.S.A.",
  address = 	"Boston, MA",
  month = 	"July 29 -- August 3,",
  OPTnote = 	""
}


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38881
From: rigby@echo.unr.edu (Wayne Rigby)
Subject: Re: Need gif/iff file format

In article <1rkjm5$i2q@bigboote.WPI.EDU> rtaraz@bigwpi.WPI.EDU (Ramin Taraz) writes:
>Could somebody please _email_ me some info on either what gif or iff
>file formats are, or where I can get such info?

Well, GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format and was put forth by
Compuserve back in 1987(?) or so.  It was to create a format that could be
read and displayed by any system.  GIF is limited to 8 bit color but has
a built in compression scheme (LZW?).

IFF is not really a graphics format, but rather a standard way to package
images, sounds, animations, text, or whatever into one file.  IFF was
created by Electronic Arts, I do believe (I could be wrong), for the Amiga.
It was quickly adopted as pretty much the standard file format for the Amiga.
The most common image format for the IFF package is an ILBM (InterLeaved
BitMap?) but many others exist.  This format supports 24 bit color images.

Information on both of these and many more are available via anonymous ftp at
zamenhof.cs.rice.edu in the directory /pub/graphics.formats
(Taken from the FAQ for this news group.)  :)

Wayne Rigby
rigby@cs.unr.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38883
From: bkidd@esk.compserv.utas.edu.au ( Byron John Kidd)
Subject: POV 286 ?? Where??

Sorry if this is a FAQ but :

    "Where can I get a 286 (16 bit) version of POV-Ray ? "

Any help would be greatly appreciated.

I need the 286 version since Turbo Pascal won't let me run a 32 bit
program from within my program.  Any info on this would also be a
great help.

                                Thanks,

                                    Byron.

bkidd@esk.compserv.utas.edu.au
B.Kidd@cam.compserv.utas.edu.au
-- 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Byron Kidd                       |  E-Mail :
    Computing Services               |

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38884
From: rmalayte@grumpy.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter)
Subject: GeoSphere Image

Article 31 of alt.graphics:
Newsgroups: alt.graphics
Path: news.nd.edu!moliere!rmalayte
From: rmalayte@moliere.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter)
Subject: GeoSphere images via ftp?
Message-ID: <1993Apr26.213648.26856@news.nd.edu>
Sender: news@news.nd.edu (USENET News System)
Organization: University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame
Date: Mon, 26 Apr 1993 21:36:48 GMT

Does anyone know if a digitized version of the GeoSphere image is
available via ftp?  For those of you who don't know, it is a composite
photograph of the entire earth, with cloudcover removed.  I just think
it's really cool.  It was created with government funds and sattelites
as a research project, so I would assume it's in the public domain.

Thanks for any info,
	Ryan


||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
||"College men get smashed and break something,           ||   --     ---   ||
|| College women get smashed and get broken."             ||    |\     |    ||
||       -Robin Wilson              ======================|| ------------\  ||
||        President,                ||Ryan P. Malayter    ||  | |   \  |  | ||
||        Chico State University    ||332 Stanford Hall   || ------------/  ||
||==================================||Notre Dame, IN 46556||    |     \|    ||
|| N.D. Dept. of Physics/Comp. Sci. ||>>>malayter@nd.edu<<||   ---     --   ||
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38885
From: 9130037@golum.riv.csu.edu.au (CHAN Yin Mei)
Subject: help! colour display restriction/limitation

hi netters,

	I'm doing a project which is about image analysis.  Firstly, I
have to find out any restrictions or limitations on the colour display
on various kind of workstations, they are DECstation, HP, Amiga, Apollo.

	Secondly, I read from some graphic texts that image is displayed
in 24 bites(please point out to me if I got it wrong).  But, the images
which I will deal with are displayed in 16 bites by the software they
are using currently.  So, will there be any problems to display them
under X-windows in the future? Because we are thinking to implement the
GUI by X-windows for our project


	Is there any person here can help me to solve the problem or
query above?  Or, give me some advice or suggestion where I can find
them out. 

	Please send me an e-mail if there are any.  Thanks in advance.



						Yours
			
						Christine Chan


my address : 9130037@golum.riv.csu.edu.au
						

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38886
From: kenyee@sneakers (Ken Yee)
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

In article <1993Apr21.170403.22855@yang.earlham.edu>  
joshuaf@yang.earlham.edu writes:
> Are there any TIFF to anything programs out there for the IBM?
> Our scanner works into TIFF, and I can view it on CSHOW 8.1, but 
> all of my other programs read errors.  Are there any basic Tiff to 
> JPEG, GIF, PCX, BMP, etc...?
  Try WinJPEG on oak.oakland.edu:pub/msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip
  It has more TIFF support than graphics workshop.  It also converts to
  all the above formats...

 ken

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38887
From: pat@nick.csh.rit.edu (Pat Fleckenstein (A jedi in training))
Subject: Re: 3-D widget wish list?


What I'd like to see is the more generic N-dimensional widget set.
I realize, that there wouldn't be a whole shitload of people
who'd want more than 3, but why stop?

All I need is a Widget with up to N viewports showing me different
3-D or 2-D slices of my stuff.

alter,
pat

-- 
  pat@ritcsh.csh.rit.edu*paf3580@ritvax.rit.edu*paflecke@spectrum.xerox.com
*****************************************************************************
    "All Objects are Macroscopic, Invisible, Non-Physical, or otherwise
     Non-Heisenbergish.  Fuck the Cat!"  -- me

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38888
From: bultman@dgw.rws.nl (G.W.Bultman)
Subject: RGB/HLS/HSV conversion routines wanted

Hi,

I'm looking for RGB (cube) --> HLS (double hexcone) --> HSV (cylinder) 
conversion routines. I have RGB <--> HSV, but miss the HLS <--> RGB/HSV.

PLEASE E-MAIL ME DIRECTLY, AS I DO NOT GET THIS NEWSGROUP AT MY SITE
--------------------------------------------------------------------

Any and all help wil be greatly appreciated.
Gert.

--

    o      Gert Bultman <bultman@dgw.rws.nl> Phone (..31) 70 3744956     o
  / | \    SNAIL   Rijkswaterstaat, Dienst Getijdewateren, Afd. AOCT   / | \  
 o--o--o   MAIL:   POSTBUS 20907, 2500 EX The Hague, The Netherlands  o--o--o 
  \ | /                                                                \ | / 
    o      ( ---  Please mark all personal mail "PERSOONLIJK"  --- )     o    


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38889
From: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk (R Hawkes)
Subject: Re: 3DS: Where did all the texture rules go?

eric.vitiello@tfd.coplex.com (Eric Vitiello) writes:

>TO: rych@festival.ed.ac.uk (R Hawkes)

>RH>I've noticed that if you only save a model (with all your mapping planes
>RH>positioned carefully) to a .3DS file that when you reload it after restarting
>RH>3DS, they are given a default position and orientation.  But if you save
>RH>to a .PRJ file their positions/orientation are preserved.  Does anyone
>RH>know why this information is not stored in the .3DS file?  Nothing is

>    This is because the PRJ (Project) format saves all of your settings,
>    right down to the last render file's name.

>RH>I'd like to be able to read the texture rule information, does anyone have
>RH>the format for the .PRJ file?

>    Sorry... Don't have anything on that or the CEL format.

Well, I dived in feet first and reverse engineered the .PRJ file as much
as I needed to - extracted the mapping icon information - which is
when it dawned on me that 3D Studio is useless for my needs. I need
a mapping icon per applied texture.  I want to use a special purpose
graphics computer for rendering the 3DS models and it requires a texture
rule/plane to be specified in 3Space, i.e. position/orientation of the
mapping rule.  Since only one mapping icon is used in 3DS to apply
textures to ALL objects/faces, it renders (no pun intended) 3DS totally
unsuitable for my needs.

Anyone got a contact for Alias Upfront or any other good modeller for a
PC?  I must be able to specify texture rules (one per texture) and this
must be saved in a file which I can read.  I haven't found any info on Alias
in the copy of the faq that I have.

Rych

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38890
From: peng@cipserv1.physik.uni-ulm.de (WEIGUO PENG)
Subject: SW convert plot to ASCII file

I am looking for software that reads a plot in PCX or other format and 
converts it into x,y coordinate.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38891
From: SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK
Subject: Best FTP Viewer please.

==============================================================================
Could someone please tell me the Best FTP'able viewer available for MSDOS
I am running a 486 33mhz with SVGA monitor.
I need to look at gifs mainly and it would be advantageous if it ran
under windows...........thanks

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38892
From: remcoha@htsa.aha.nl (Remco Hartog)
Subject: RGB to HVS, and back

I have a little question:

I need to convert RGB-coded (Red-Green-Blue) colors into HVS-coded
(Hue-Value-Saturnation) colors. Does anyone know which formulas to
use?

Thanks!

R.W.Hartog  remcoha@solist.htsa.aha.nl

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38893
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: WANTED: 24 bit viewer


In article <5731@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
|> 
|> Thanks to the people who helped me with the problem of
|> displaying 24 bit images. All the viewers like xli,
|> xloadimage and display are converting the 24 bit images
|> to 8 bit before display them on the screen.
|> 
|> What I really want is a viewer with make use of the 24 bit
|> frame/screen buffer (in our case, the Parallax one).
|> 

Try ImageMagick. I cannot test it but one told me it does 24bit.
Anyway, are you SURE your Xserver supports 24bit TrueColor visuals ?
Check with xdpyinfo !

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38894
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: comp.graphics.research??


I have not seen articles in comp.graphics.research for a long time.
Does it/he work anymore?

I have seen many conference related postings in comp.graphics,
and it is hard to believe that people have not tried to post them to
c.g.research.

If somebody has not got his article to comp.graphics.research, then
write to me or post here.


Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38895
From: etllnfr@magrathea.ericsson.se (Lyndon Fletcher)
Subject: Polaroid Palette system?????????????????????


Does anyone have any information on the Polaroid Palette system. It appears to
be a gadget for transfering graphics images to film. Does anyone have any detail
about it like the maximum supported resolution or types of video input????

What did Polaroid market them as?????



Fletch
--
"All irregularities will be handled by the forces controlling each dimension.
 Trans-uranic heavy elements may not be used where there is Life. Medium atomic
 weights are available -- Gold, Lead, Copper, Jet, Diamond, Radium, Sapphire,
 Silver, and Steel. --- Sapphire and Steel have been assigned......."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38896
From: z_nixsp@ccsvax.sfasu.edu
Subject: Re: TIFF -> Anything?!

> There is a program called Graphic Workshop you can FTP from
> wuarchive.  The file is in the msdos/graphics directory and
> is called "grfwk61t.zip."  This program should od everthing
> you need.
> 
> TMC
> (tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)
> 

Could you be more specific?  I need that file too but couldn't find it 
amongst ALL the directories at wuarchive.

-Page
Z_NIXSP@CCSVAX.SFASU.EDU

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38897
From: lightwave-admin@bobsbox.rent.com (LightWave 3D Mail List Administrator)
Subject: Monthly LightWave mailing list FAQ


----------------------   LightWave3D Mail-List   ----------------------

-- WHAT IS LightWave? --

LightWave3D is part of a suite of programs that come bundled with a
device called the "Toaster" (from NewTek, Inc.) that operates on an
Amiga platform.  The LightWave software (LightWave=LightWave3D and
LightWave Modeler) allows and artist to create three dimensional
photo-realistic images for a variety of purposes.

-- WHY ARE WE DOING THIS? --

This mailing list is for those interested in the LightWave software, how
it operates and in ideas on how to obtain the best quality images
available to them.  The list is for those who own the Toaster and
LightWave as well as those just interested in what can be done with the
package.  We hope to share information, tips, procedures and to bond as
a group.

-- WHAT ARE THE RULES? --

Since LightWave/Modeler are just a part of the Newtek Video Toaster
software, I'm sure we will discuss a few items related to the operation
of the Toaster.  However, we will strive to keep the subject revolving
specifically around the 3D software, related tools and products.

You do NOT have to own a Toaster to join this list!

-- OK! HOW DO I JOIN? --

To become a member of the LightWave3D mailing list you must send a mail
message to the address:

        lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com

In the body of the message enter:

subscribe lightwave-l your.name@your.site.domain

Or just ask to be signed up and I will sign you up to the list.  At this
point in time the process is manual but I hope to get an automated
script based system in place soon.  There shouldn't be too much of a
delay in joining.  Expect a "welcome" message within 5 days after you
send your request.  Then, expect the mail to start flowing in!

-- HOW DO I POST TO THE LIST? --

Contributing to the list is simple.  Just mail your articles to the
following address:

        lightwave@bobsbox.rent.com

Your article will be processed by the system and distributed to all
others joined to the list.  Your articles will also be sent to you so
you know that your article has made it to the list.  However, those
addresses that are either no good or no longer active will bounce back
to you.  So, if you post an article and another members address is no
longer valid, your original article will be returned to you.  This
doesn't mean it hasn't been posted to the list.  In fact, just the
opposite is true. It means that your article WAS posted and that it
couldn't be sent to one or more of the members of the list due to a bad
address.

NOTE: I hope to have a fix for this behavior soon.

-- HOW DO I QUIT THE LIST? --

Simply mail a request to be removed from the list to the same address
you used to sign up:

        lightwave-request@bobsbox.rent.com

In the body of the message enter:

unsubscribe LightWave-l your.name@your.site.domain

I will remove your name from the list of members.  PLEASE, if you join
the list and your account is going to be closed or if you will not be
able to receive mail for a while, send a request to be removed from the
list!  If you are just going to lose access for a short while still send
a request for a suspension of your membership and I will suspend
forwarding of the articles to you.


-- WHAT ABOUT OLD ARTICLES? --

I am currently archiving all the articles posted to the list at the
originating site (bobsbox).  However, I can not continue to do this due
to lack of disk space.  What we need is a volunteer that will maintain a
compendium of articles sent to the list.  They can compress and store
them in archives on their system.  They can then periodically post an
index of the contents of the compendium and any other information that
relates.

If there are no volunteers then maybe someone can donate a large SCSI
hard drive to me for archival purposes. <grin>

I have setup a mail-based file server so that anyone interested in the
list can obtain information as well as the entire archive of past
articles, the membership listing and other information pertaining to
the LightWave3D mailing list. For information on this service, please
send a mail message to:

        fileserver@bobsbox.rent.com

The first command to the server must be "HELP" or "USER name <passwd>".

Use HELP to request a current copy of the helpfile.
Use USER name [passwd] to connect to the service.
Use ?    to get a short listing of all available commands.



-- NOW WHAT DO I DO? --

Well, sit back and enjoy the pouring out of information.  If you have
something to offer, please feel free to contribute that information to
the list.  Every little bit helps.  Questions are welcomed!  It makes
some of us feel important when we can answer them. <grin>

If you have any questions or comments regarding the list, please contact
me at the address:

        lightwave-admin@bobsbox.rent.com

Cheers,


Bob Lindabury

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38898
From: Ad-Robot@bobsbox.rent.com (Robotic Posting Menace!)
Subject: Your one stop GRAPHICS shop!



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         "It's better than a sharp stick in the eye!" - Andy Meyer


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Featuring:

   o    A graphics specific system for those of you interested in
        such things as 3D graphics, image processing, animation,
        clip-art and the latest in public domain graphics programs!

   o    Graphics specific mailing lists such as Imagine 3D, DCTV
        and Lightwave 3D mailing lists aliased to easy to read
        forums which you can join and read.  Many more to come!

   o    FREE UseNet access and free netmail to sites all over the
        world!  The ability to contact software/hardware developers
        right at their mainframes just by sending them netmail from
        The Graphics BBS!  Not to mention your kids at college or your
        parents FROM college.

        With our quick connections and reliable links, you can have
        your mail sent around the world in a matter of minutes!

   o    A unique conference (Bulletin) section.  The abilty to join
        and keep track of only the conferences that you enjoy.

        The ability to read in files from your own personal file area
        for use in messages.  Also, with proper access, you can create
        your own conference and moderate it.

   o    Newsfeeds from USENET that include topics such as graphics,
        Mac, Amiga, IBM, science, erotica, ham radio, Star Trek,
        scuba diving, programmers forums, game designers forums, and
        cyberspace forums.

   o    The most sophisticated, but easy to learn and use mail system
        ever created for a PC!  You can easily read your mail, delete
        it or move it to your personal directory for storage and reply
        to it.  You can attach files to your mail and send it to
        another member.  A smart sendmail feature ensures accurate
        addressing of netmail.

   o    Ability to send mail and messages to ArpaNet, USENET, Internet,
        BITNET and any of the networks that interface with them around the     
        world such as Fidonet, PeopleNet and the UUCP network of university
        and research facility systems.

   o    A file library containing downloads for most popular computers
        featuring an easy to learn and use system.  The library features
        master directory listing, newscan and search capabilities as
        well as complete Archived file listings.

        The file library supports most popular transfer protocols
        such as X,Y,Z modem as well as advance protocols such as
        HS-Link and Bi-Modem.

        The file library also doubles as a file-server for users from
        other sites all around the world!

   o    Complete control over your environment.  You select whether
        you want hot-key control, menus, -more- prompting etc.  You
        can define your cancel key and choose your terminal emulation.

        You can also edit your personal login script to do what you
        want it to do.

   o    Online Games (Global War, Jet Combat Simulator, etc.).  New
        games to be added.

   o    Online manual and extensive help facilities. Complete tracking
        of online usage time.

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   The Graphics BBS currently runs on an IBM AT at 8mHz with 4 meg of
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   System Administator - Bob Lindabury - bobl@graphics.rent.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38899
From: rrpolder@cs.ruu.nl (Roderick Polder)
Subject: Re: DXF to PCX,GIF,TIF or TGA?

In <murashiea.16@mail.beckman.com> murashiea@mail.beckman.com (Ed Murashie) writes:

>Does anyone know of a program for the PC that
>will take AutoCad DXF format files and convert
>them to a raster format, like PCX, GIF, etc?
>Thanks in advance....
>				ED

I'm also interested in such a program. But most of all I'd like to know 
wich program is able to convert GIF or PCX to DXF !!! When I have this 
program, I can scan pictures and frase (or something like that !) them.
This will be beyond the limit !!!

		****** Roderick ******


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38900
From: un034214@wvnvms.wvnet.edu
Subject: NTSC data to RGB ?  For Video Capture.

Does anyone know how to decode the color information of a NTSC signal ?

I need to convert this data to RGB for a Video Capture Utility I am 
writing for use with an IBM M-MOTION Video adapter card...

I need to know the how the V and U signals work in the color process.

Thanks in advance for any information or algorythms etc.

Later-
Hammonck Net

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38901
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Best FTP Viewer please.

SITUNAYA@IBM3090.BHAM.AC.UK wrote:
: ==============================================================================
: Could someone please tell me the Best FTP'able viewer available for MSDOS
: I am running a 486 33mhz with SVGA monitor.
: I need to look at gifs mainly and it would be advantageous if it ran
: under windows...........thanks

FTP to wuarchive.wustl.edu,
change into mirrors/msdos/graphics
get "grfwk61t.zip"
This is the DOS version of Graphic Workshop.  There is a Windows version which
you could probably find in the mirrors/msdos/windows3 directory but I don't 
know what the file name is. 

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38902
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

Jennifer Lynn Urso (ju23+@andrew.cmu.edu) wrote:
:  
: well, i have lots of experience with scanning in images and altering
: them.  as for changing them back into negatives, is that really possible?

: (stuff deleted)

: jennifer urso:  the oh-so bitter woman of utter blahness(but cheerful
: undertones)

I use Aldus Photostyler on the PC and I can turn a colour or black and white
image into a negative or turn a negative into a colour or black and white
image.  I don't know how it does it but it works well.  To test it I scanned
a negative and used Aldus to create a positive.  It looked better than the
print that the film developers gave me.


-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38903
From: dma7@po.CWRU.Edu (Daniel M. Alt)
Subject: Interesting conversion Problem


	I have a very large (3x5 feet) file in Macintosh Canvas v2.something
which I need to import into AutoCad 12 in the least disk-space intensive
way possible.  (i.e. EPS is a big problem, since it took 1.3 MEG to encode
one page of the document)  The file is entirely lines and words.  I have
access to networked Macs & PC's, and ftp.  Can anyone suggest how this might
be accomplished?  Email replies, if you would, I don't read this group much.
Thanks in advance.
-- 
Daniel Alt  	Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH (Help me!)
I don't HAVE ulcers. I'm a carrier. |   I can't see you, so don't pretend to be
I don't like spreading rumors, but what else can you do with them? |      there
I don't practice what I preach because I'm not the kind of person I preach to.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38904
From: kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA (Kardan Kaveh)
Subject: Re: Human head modeling software

In article <C65wBp.6K4@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil> adaptive@cs.nps.navy.mil (zyda res acct) writes:
>>Hi, there!
>>I am interested in facial animation and want to implement some program about this area.
>>But I don't have any 3-D information for the face.
>>I am looking for some 3D images of face.
>
>Try getting the Cyberware_demo via ftp which contains 3D images of the
>face.
>

What is the copyright status of this data?  Are there restrictions regarding the
uses they can be put to?

Kaveh


-- 
Kaveh Kardan
kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38905
From: stern@brahms.udel.edu (Garland Stern)
Subject: looking for hot Mac 3D anim software

I am interested in finding 3D animation programs for the Mac.
I am especially interested in any programs that don't exist
in a PC port and are so good that they would make me go buy
a Mac.  Do any such exist?

Thanks in advance

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38906
From: sigma@rahul.net (Kevin Martin)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

In <C5wD3w.Bqs@skates.gsfc.nasa.gov> xrcjd@mudpuppy.gsfc.nasa.gov (Charles J. Divine) writes:
>In article <1r3lf9$fu0@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu> Mark A. Cartwright <markc@emx.utexas.edu> writes:
>>Of course the Question has not yet been discovered...
>But the Question was later revealed to be:  What is 9 x 6?  (In the
>base 13 system, of course.)

If you read the last couple of books in the series closely (well, #3 and #4
at least), there are at least two points at which the real Question is
implied.  Conversations proceed much like:

Zaphod: What *is* the ultimate Question, I wonder?
Arthur (not paying much attention to Zaphod, but needing a random seed for
  the Infinite Improbability Drive): Think of a number, any number.

Actually, it may be Marvin who uses this phrase a few times as well, and
everytime it's arranged such that "Think of a number, any number" could be
an answer to someone's question about the Question.

I kind of like it.  Very mystifying.  It's not even "pick a number" or
"tell me a number", just "think of one".


-- 
Kevin Martin
sigma@rahul.net
"Use the flipper!"

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38907
From: ttrusk@its.mcw.edu (Thomas Trusk)
Subject: re: GeoSphere Image


In article <1993Apr27.231613.27558@news.nd.edu> rmalayte@grumpy.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter) writes:
>
>Does anyone know if a digitized version of the GeoSphere image is
>available via ftp?  For those of you who don't know, it is a composite
>photograph of the entire earth, with cloudcover removed.  I just think
>it's really cool.  It was created with government funds and sattelites
>as a research project, so I would assume it's in the public domain.
>
>Thanks for any info,
>	Ryan
>

 I have a copy of 'The Earth-From Space' on my wall that I purchased
from Space Shots, Inc. (LA, CA  (800) 272-2779).  As printed on the
poster, the image was created by Tom Van Sant and the GeoSphere Project.
The image IS copyrighted, so I doubt that you'll find it legally in
the public domain.  Part of the proceeds from the sale of the image go to the 
GeoSphere Project (an environmental education thing), and the cost is
nominal, so crack a 20 and buy one!  Also, I don't think it's always
safe to assume that just because the government 'funded' a project, any
products will be provided for free.  Many government agencies (NASA, NOAA)
and some private groups (National Geographic) provided assistance to the
GeoSphere Project.  This collaboration seems to be mostly oriented to
educating the public, rather than pure research.

*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
*Dr. Thomas Trusk                    *                              *
*Dept. of Cellular Biology & Anatomy * Email to ttrusk@its.mcw.edu  *
*Medical College of Wisconsin        *                              *
*Milwaukee, WI  53226                *                              *
*(414) 257-8504                      *                              *
*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*==*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
DISCLAIMER: I have no affiliation with any of the above mentioned groups.
This is just my opinion, not a flame or advertisement. Where am I?
Who turned off the lights?  What's that funny noise? I feel strange...
AAAUUUGGGGHHHHH.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38908
From: matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu (Eliza Strickler)
Subject: Re: I donwloaded a .bin file from a unix machine - now what?

niko@iastate.edu (Nikolaus E Schuessler) writes:

>In article <matess.735934793@gsusgi1.gsu.edu> matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu (Eliza Strickler) writes:
>>I just donwloaded a *.bin file from a unix machine which is
>>supposed to be converted to a MAC format. Does anyone know 
>>what I need to do to this file to get it into any Dos, Mac
>>or Unix readable format. Someone mentioned fetch on the unix
>>machine - is this correct? Could someone explain the .bin
>>format a little?
>>

>This is almost certainly a MacBinary file which is an encoded version
>of a mac file so the Resource fork and Data fork get preserved.
>You need a program that converts this to a regular file. If this is a
>macbinary file, you may have downloaded it in Text mode and is probably
>corrupt (if you did). If you're using FTP to transfer it at any point make sure
>you type "binary" first.

>If you can open the file with a text editor and find
>(This file must be converted with Bin....
>at the top, it is a BinHex file and can be decoded with
>BinHex 4.0 (among other programs).

I opened the file with a text editor and it looks like:

^Vnetwork storyboardpictPICT8BIM^E^......

I have already tried BinHex which does not seem to work. 
Any other ideas?

>-- 
>Niko Schuessler               
>Project Vincent Systems Manager              email: niko@iastate.edu
>Iowa State University Computation Center     voice: (515) 294-1672
>Ames IA 50011                                snail: 291 Durham 
-- 


\|/--_   -_-      ----           ###         _- ----------------------
-0    -_-   --       -__ %~- ____#0        _-   Elizabeth Strickler
|\     ^                 0\~     /\   /\  -     
|_(___/ \_    ||_________/     _/  |_/  \_      matess@gsusgi1.gsu.edu 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38909
From: wpwood@darkwing.austin.ibm.com
Subject: Re: HPGL viewer and utilities


In article <27APR93.23959946.0053@music.mus.polymtl.ca> "Gaetan Lord, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal" <DG03@music.mus.polymtl.ca> writes:

   Hi

   I would like to know if there is any software, PD or not, who
   could produce X11 output of HPGL file on RS/6000. And same kind of
   software who could produce hardcopy on postscript and lasetjet.

Try export.lcs.mit.edu.  I think that there is a viewer there called
xviewgl.  Check the README in /contrib.



--
<><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>
Bill Woodward        | wpwood@austin.ibm.com   <-- Try this first
AIX Software Support | billw@aixwiz.austin.ibm.com  
Graphics Group       | 512-838-2834
I am the terror that flaps in the night.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38910
From: muchor@fuw.edu.pl (Krzysztof Muchorowski)
Subject: GIF to Targa

Hello,
   Subject says it all. I need a GIF to Targa converter, so that my
dta15 could make a .FLI of them.
      Krzysztof




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38911
From: gvanvugh@cs.uct.ac.za (Gerhard van Vught)
Subject: Re: Viewing JPEG files

In <1993Apr28.202500.3384@ucbeh.san.uc.edu> lwilson@ucbeh.san.uc.edu writes:

>Can I view JPEG files without special hardware?
>  
>    Lucy Wilson, Access Services Librarian
>    College of Engineering, University of Cincinnati

Yup.

Most JPEG viewers seem to require specific video drivers since they support
only specific video cards. Some have the standard IBM BIOS video support for
the VGA 320x200 256 colour mode, but they leave out the other cards such as
the Hercules monochrome card (which by the way can give very good picture
quality if your dithering works right).

I can't remember the name of a JPEG viewer since I usually convert JPEG's to
GIF's before viewing them. But some require VESA driver for the video cards.
You don't need any special hardware to view JPEG's except perhaps for a VGA
card and maybe a 286+ processor. Most people these days program for 286+
computers and neglect the rest of the 86 processors (8086, 8088). I have a
8088 clone (a NEC V20 processor) and a Hercules card, I have had to write
some programs so that they will view GIF's and animations for the VGA and other
colour graphics boards on my monochrome Hercules card. I use Floyd-Steinberg
dithers and have found that if one does something neat with the colour palette
the resulting dithered image gives much greater detail than it normally would
when viewed on other monochrome systems. CompuShow 8.50 has FS dithering but
it does the standard thing with the image palette before dithering, my way
gives a brighter more detailed image.

Anyway, enough of my rambling in the wrong direction. The final point is, as
far as I know, you don't need extra hardware to view JPEG's other than the
VGA (and perhaps a 286 or better)

Have a day!

Gerry.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38912
From: larry@ducktales.med.ge.com (Larry Landwehr)
Subject: Corel Draw or Harvard Draw?

My wife wants to publish a newsletter. She's no artist, so she intends to
use comercial clipart and customise it a bit by drawing a circle or a box
around it etc. 
 
We have MSPublisher for manipulating text, but it is not suitable for doing
much with graphics, so she needs a more specialised tool. Right now she's
looking at Corel Draw and Harvard Draw. There seem to be more books in the
stores on Corel than on Harvard, so she's inclined to go with Corel on the
basis of popularity. Can anyone give us an informed opinion on which 
package would be more suitable or if there is an even better alternative
available? If this is a FAQ, please withhold the flames and just send the
location of the FAQ document. Thanks.
 
Three PS's:
 
1) Is it ok to use clip art from Harvard Draw or whatever for commercial
   purposes?
 
2) We have a 600 dpi Laser Jet 4 printer. What would be a good scanner for
   reading in paper clipart?
 
3) How about someone starting up a newsgroup on desktop publishing if one
   doesn't exist?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38913
From: ket01@rrz.Uni-Koeln.DE (Dr. Reinhard Moeller)
Subject: Real Time Visualization

Hello,

I am interested to hear from people working in the field of visual
simulation, ie driving simulation, flight simulation etc.
Would be very pleased to see, what is going on in the field of research
and industrial development.

For those of you interested as well: There is a workshop (preferedly 
held in German), situated in Wuppertal, November 18/19 1993, specially
related to the above topic.
The title:

"Sichtsysteme - Visualisierung in der Simulationstechnik"

Complete details are available. Please contact me.

R. Moeller
rmoe@welfag.elektro.uni-wuppertal.de 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38914
From: prevost@eos.arc.nasa.gov (Michael Prevost)
Subject: Re: GeoSphere Image

rmalayte@grumpy.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter) writes:

>Article 31 of alt.graphics:
>Newsgroups: alt.graphics
>Path: news.nd.edu!moliere!rmalayte
>From: rmalayte@moliere.helios.nd.edu (ryan malayter)
>Subject: GeoSphere images via ftp?
>Message-ID: <1993Apr26.213648.26856@news.nd.edu>
>Sender: news@news.nd.edu (USENET News System)
>Organization: University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame
>Date: Mon, 26 Apr 1993 21:36:48 GMT

>Does anyone know if a digitized version of the GeoSphere image is
>available via ftp?  For those of you who don't know, it is a composite
>photograph of the entire earth, with cloudcover removed.  I just think
>it's really cool.  It was created with government funds and sattelites
>as a research project, so I would assume it's in the public domain.

This image is copyrighted. Early in another news group it was being
used as a texture map in a planet orbiting simulation. That program
was being freely distributed but the texture map picture for the 
earth had to be pulled because of copyright infringement issues. 

mp....

-- 
Michael Prevost
Sterling Software
moffett Field Ca.
prevost@eos.arc.nasa.gov

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38915
From: pmartz@dsd.es.com (Paul Martz)
Subject: Re: Kubota Kenai/Denali specs

In article <1rkntjINNd00@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu>, lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu writes:
> Okay, I got enough replies about the Kubota Kenai/Denali systems that I
> will post a summary of their capabilities.  [ ... ]
> 
> GRAPHICS
> 
> Transform Modules	1-6			1-6
> Frame Buffer Modules	5,10,20			5,10,20
> Frame Buffer		1280x1024x24bit		1280x1024x24bit
> 			double buffered		double buffered
> Z-buffer		24-bit			24-bit
> Alpha/stencil		8-bit			8-bit
  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Does this mean they can either do alpha or stenciling, but not both
simultaneously?

> Stereo support	yes			yes
> Other:			both machines will double buffer or do
                                                                 ^^
> 				stereo output per window.  Both have an
> 				auxiliary video output that is RS-170A,
> 				NTSC, and PAL

Same question again, does this mean they can either do double
buffering or stereo, but not both simultaneously?
-- 

   -paul	pmartz@dsd.es.com
		Evans & Sutherland

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38916
From: wes@uf.msc.edu (Wes Barris)
Subject: Re: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer

In article <1993Apr27.152315.12305@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>, lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley) writes:
|> 
|> In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
|> 
|> >I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
|> >images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
|> >graphics board running X11.
|> 
|> Utah raster toolkit using getx11. Convert your sun raster files (presumably) to 
|> ppm with the pbm+ toolkit then convert ppm to utah rle format with ppmtorle which
|> is provided in the toolkit.

Or just use the URT tool: rastorle.

|> 
|> I seem to remember that Xloadimage can do 24 bit servers too.

Yes, both it and the newer xli can.

===============================================================================
Wes Barris                                                   PH: (612) 626-8090
Minnesota Supercomputer Center, Inc.                         Email: wes@msc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38917
From: wes@uf.msc.edu (Wes Barris)
Subject: Re: WANTED: 24 bit viewer

In article <5731@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writes:
|> Hello,
|> 
|> Thanks to the people who helped me with the problem of
|> displaying 24 bit images. All the viewers like xli,
|> xloadimage and display are converting the 24 bit images
|> to 8 bit before display them on the screen.
|> 
|> What I really want is a viewer with make use of the 24 bit
|> frame/screen buffer (in our case, the Parallax one).

Both xli and xloadimage will display in 24 bit color if a 24 bit visual
is available.  Check the output of xdpyinfo to see if one is.

===============================================================================
Wes Barris                                                   PH: (612) 626-8090
Minnesota Supercomputer Center, Inc.                         Email: wes@msc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38918
From: guest@rkw-lan.cs.up.ac.za (Guest user)
Subject: CGA help wanted

Hi there,

I'm looking for help on hi-rez CGA modes (hey, i know it sounds crazy but at
the moment it's got to do). My card's manual says it does something like
640 by 400 2 colour and 640 by 200 4 colour (the card has 64k memory). Could 
anyone give me some help on how to implement these modes (Assembly language 
is fine). Any other usefull tips on the CGA regs will also help.

Thanx in advance...

Frans.


My eMail is

leander@up.ac.za

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38919
From: UC512052@mizzou1.missouri.edu (David K. Drum)
Subject: What has happened to DKB-L@TREARN???

Hello,
 
I've been on the DKBtrace/PoVray mailing list out of trearn.bitnet
for some time now, but when I tried to post the other day the
listserv told me that the list doesn't exist!  So I got a global
list of groups from the listserv and - - NOTHING!  I grepped every
string I could think of.  If Frank, Ville Saari, Andre Beck, or anyone
else who's a regular on DKB-L can tell me what is going on, please do!
 
Regards,
 
David K. Drum uc512052@mizzou1.missouri.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38920
From: iharkest@Lise.Unit.NO (Inge Harkestad)
Subject: Tangent vectors of Kochanek-Bartels splines

I'm working on a system which uses a given set of 3D key frame
positions (x,y,z) to control an imaginary camera movement.  I'm
using Kochanek-Bartels splines (as described in the SIGGRAPH '84
proceedings) to create a variable number of inbetweens between
the key frames.  I want the inbetweens to be given in the form
(x,y,z,dx,dy,dz) where the last three argumentsa are the x, y and
z component of the viewing direction vector of the camera when
positioned at (x,y,z).

The method presented by Kochanek and Bartels only deals with the
positions of the inbetween view points to be generated.  I've
tried to set the viewing direction at a view point equal to the
chord between the two adjacent view points (which in general are
not key frames), but this causes a sligt discontinuity of the
viewing direction vector at the key frame positions (although
the spatial movement seems to work fine; and I'm quite certain
- I think :) - that I've not simply made an implementation
error...)

Now I wonder if anyone out there has used this spline form for
similar purposes and how they decided the viewing vectors.
I'd appreciate replies to be emailed to me at
  iharkest@lise.unit.no
Anyone else interested in the answer will be sent a summary of
the replies if they contact me.

-- 
 _________     __________________
\\        \\  \\
 \\ N G E  \\==\\ A R K E S T A D     iharkest@lise.unit.no         Comp. Sc.
  \\________\\  \\_______________     NTH (Norwegian Institute of Technology)

          "Some people play hard to get, I play hard to want" (Ford Fairlane)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38921
From: einkauf@austin.ibm.com (Mark Einkauf)
Subject: Re: Need help: Z-buffering lines & areas together


  David Gorgen writes:

> I'm asking for help on a sticky problem involving unreasonably low
> apparent precision in Z-buffering, that I've encountered in 2 different
> PEX implementations.  I can't find any discussion of this problem in any
> resources I can lay hands on (e.g. the comp.windows.x.pex FAQ, Gaskins's
> _PEXlib_Programming_Manual_, vendors' documentation).
>
> ....
>
> The problem to be solved is to eliminate or minimize "stitching"
> artifacts resulting from the use of Z-buffering with polylines that are
> coplanar with filled areas.  The interpolated Z values along a line will
> differ slightly, due to roundoff error, from the interpolated Z values
> across an area, even when the endpoints of the line are coincident with
> vertices of the area.  Because of this, it's a tossup whether the
> Z-buffer will allow the line pixels or the area pixels to be displayed.
> Visually, the result tends to be a dashed-line effect even though the
> line is supposed to be solid.
>
> Using the PEXlib API, my approach to a solution is to use two slightly
> different PEX view mapping transforms, in two view table entries, one
> for the areas and one for the lines.  The PEX structures or immediate-
> mode output must be organized so that one view table index is always in
> effect for areas, and the other is always in effect for lines.  The
> result is a slight shift in NPC Z coordinates for the lines, so as to
> attempt to bias the tossup situations in favor of the lines.
>
> This shift is effected by moving the front and back clipping planes used
> in the PEXlib view table entry for lines just a hair "backwards" (i.e.
> smaller VRC Z coordinates), compared to their positions in the view
> table entry used for areas.  This means that when a point is transformed
> to NPC, its Z value will be slightly bigger if it comes from a line than
> if it comes from an area, thus accomplishing the desired bias.
>
> I would expect the Z roundoff errors which cause the problem to amount
> to a few units at most, out of the entire dynamic range of the Z-buffer,
> typically from 0 to 65535 if not 16777215 (i.e. 16 or 24 bit Z-buffers).
> Therefore, it seems that a tiny fraction of the range of Z in VRC
> between the front and back clip planes ought to suffice to reliably fix
> the stitching.
>
> But in fact, experience shows that the shift has to be as much as 0.003
> to 0.006 of the range.  (Empirically, it's worst when the NPC Z
> component of the slope of the surface is high, i.e. when it appears more
> or less edge-on to the viewer.)  It's as if only 8 or 9 bits of the
> Z-buffer have any dependable meaning!  This amount is so great that one
> problem is replaced by another: sometimes the polylines "show through"
> areas which they are supposed to lie behind.
>
> I've observed the problem on both Hewlett-Packard and Digital
> workstation PEX servers, to approximately the same degree.  The test
> program demonstrates the problem on an MIT PEXlib 5.x implementation;
> this version is known to compile and run on an HP-UX system with PEX
> 5.1.
>
> Open questions:
>     (1) Why does this happen?
>         --  Am I configuring the PEX view table wrongly?
>         --  Is there a systematic difference in Z interpolation for lines
>             as opposed to areas (e.g. pixel centers versus corners) which
>             could be corrected for?
>         --  Are PEX implementors wantonly discarding Z precision in their
>             interpolators?
>         --  Something else?
>     (2) What to do about it?
>         --  Can I fix my use of the view table to allow better precision
>             in Z-buffered HLHSR?
>         --  Is there another approach I can take to remove the stitching
>             artifacts?
>         --  Am I just out of luck?
>

We here at IBM have the same problem with our workstations.  I was also
shocked when I first realized that you have to offset lines from fills by
about 16 bits (assuming 24 bit z buffer).  This seems huge, but is only
1/256 of the dynamic range.  In those terms it doesn't seem so bad.  What
is happening is that the interpolation in z is not totally linear, due
mainly to roundoff, I believe.  So the polygon is not planar in z, but is
more like a Ruffles potato chip.  Ditto with lines.  When you start/end at
different x/y values, the "ridges" are out of phase, resulting in the
stitch effect.  You have the same problem if you try to draw 1 polygon
right on top of another, but with different vertices.  You will likely see
a smeared effect where they overlap.
  Example:
  Try Polygon 1: (100,100,100) (100,200,100) (200,200,100) (200,100,100)
      Polygon 2: (125,125,100) (125,175,100) (175,175,100) (175,125,100)

Your implementation is correct.  In fact, we do a similar trick when
rendering primitives that have lines and polygons - such as NURBS surfaces
with isoparametric lines.  Without the trick, the lines appear stitched, as
you say.  When the application draws lines/polygons independently, the
system does not have the smarts to automatically do the z shifting, so the
application must do it.  This is what you have discovered and are doing.
Bravo!

(Note to IBM'ers:  The information given here has been previously disclosed
through proper channels so I'm not giving away any new unpublished info.)

-- 
  Mark Einkauf     [ einkauf@austin.ibm.com ]
  IBM - Advanced Workstations and Systems - Graphics Systems
  Austin TX
 * Views and opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of IBM Corp. *

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38922
From: s127@ii.uib.no (Torgeir Veimo)
Subject: virtual sound

I'm looking for algorithms or articles on virtual sound. What i want to do is
the following;

From a fast source, eg. a CDROM, several sound sources are read, each having
it's own defined position and other attributes, eg. direction etc.  Given the
listeners position and direction, the sum of sound played back in each of the
listeners earphones will be a function of this position and direction.  This
means that some simulation of the ears coloring of sound relative to it's
incoming direction have to be done for each sound source.  (I think this is
possible to do with a lookup table of impulse responses for several angles
relative to each ear, and interpolate an impulse function from this for a given
angle.  This impulse function could then be convoluted with the sound from the
source.  This impulse function must be changed every time some sound source
changes position or the listener changes orientation.)  Additionally some
reflection, diffusion and absorbtion due to the environment wich is defined
could be simulated, but this requires some sort of sound propagandation
simulation, kinda like some radiosity algorithm.  

Have someone done this and/or written articles on implementing such a system? 

Please post or mail any answers or comments.

-- 
Torgeir Veimo

Studying at the University of Bergen

"...I'm gona wave my freak flag high!" (Jimi Hendrix)

"...and it would be okay on any other day!" (The Police)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38923
From: hawks@seq.uncwil.edu (David Hawks)
Subject: Re: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

Jennifer Lynn Urso <ju23+@andrew.cmu.edu> writes:

>>    Also if anyone else is doing what I am planning I would be happy to hear
>>from you with any advice you might provide as to the computer system you
>>use and/or any peripherals or software.  It seemed the Quadra 800 would be
>>my best bet to modify photographic images.  I am planning on buying a Quadra
>>800 with 32Megs of RAM, a 510Meg Hard Drive, a 1200 dpi scanner, 17" Sony 
>>monitor and a 88Meg cartridge drive and perhaps a CD ROM.  I am new to
>>computers and any advice would be great.
> 
>well, i have lots of experience with scanning in images and altering
>them.  as for changing them back into negatives, is that really possible?
>scanning and altering is no big deal. i don't know what types of
>features you have in your version of photoshop.  but the one i use
>(which, incidentally is on a quadra) has gallery effects and all types
>of other neato stuff.
>i'm just wondering why you would want to put your images back into
>negatives, because once you print the image out-that's your print.
>do you know what exactly your aim is in all of this?  like, are you
>doing this just for fun, for a business, to gain more computer
>knowledge, for a project you're working on....
>otherwise, i guess i don't know if i'd be helping or not by posting info
>on scanning and stuff.
>ok?  cool.
>seeya

>jennifer urso:  the oh-so bitter woman of utter blahness(but cheerful
>undertones)

It is for a business and the end product has to be a photograph.
I take damaged black and whites, usually old, some very, and repair them
by hand at present.  I would like to do this by using a computer.
I am just trying to find a vendor who can convert my computer stored
images to negatives or thermal print.  The customer will want his/her
copy as much as possible like a brand new original photgraph.


-- David

ps. Thanks to all of you who have sent me information it was very
    helpful in my learning about computers combined with photography.
    If anyone else has any information I would be grateful.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38924
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Re: Kubota Kenai/Denali specs

In article <1993Apr28.151652.23080@dsd.es.com>, pmartz@dsd.es.com (Paul Martz) writes:
|>Does this mean they can either do alpha or stenciling, but not both
|>simultaneously?

I don't know the answer the to this one, although with 8-bits I would assume
that it was one or the other.

|>
|>> Stereo support	yes			yes
|>> Other:			both machines will double buffer or do
|>                                                                 ^^
|>> 				stereo output per window.  Both have an
|>> 				auxiliary video output that is RS-170A,
|>> 				NTSC, and PAL
|>Same question again, does this mean they can either do double
|>buffering or stereo, but not both simultaneously?

According to the literature, it will do quadruple buffering so that you
can have double buffered stereo output.

Brian

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38925
From: alford@novavax.UUCP (Steven Alford)
Subject: .gif to .wpg or .tiff converter

I am looking for an available program that would convert gif
files to other formats usable on DOS-based software such
as WordPerfect Presentations (which will handle .wpg and .tiff,
among others).  

Any suggestions would be appreciated.  Thank you very much for
your time and help.

Steve
alford@novavax.nova.edu
  
-- 
Steve Alford, Nova University 
3301 College Avenue, Ft. Lauderdale, Fl. 33314	
UUCP:	...{gatech!uflorida,ucf-cs}!novavax!alford
Internet: alford@novavax.nova.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38926
From: rak@crosfield.co.uk (Richard Kirk)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

It's the number of legs on a centipede.
So, now you know.




-- 
Richard Kirk         Image Processing Group    Crosfield Electronics Ltd. U.K.
rak@crosfield.co.uk  0442-230000 x3361/3591    Hemel Hempstead, Herts, HP2 7RH

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38927
From: stefanh@rahul.net (Stefan Hartmann)
Subject: Genoa's WindowsVGA24 true color board


                                        FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Editorial Contact:
Single Source Marketing:  Myra Manahan    (714) 545-1338
Genoa Systems:            Joseph Brunoli  (408) 432-9090
                          Neil Roehm      (408) 432-9090/Technical


                      Genoa Presents High Performance 
                        Video Graphics Accelerator

        SAN JOSE, Calif USA -- Genoa Systems Corporation announces 
WINDOWSVGA 24,  a True Color 24-bit graphics accelerator card that 
delivers up to 16.8 million colors at speeds faster than the 
competition.  Plus it offers a full range of resolutions, high 
refresh rates as well as unique proprietary performance features.  
The card is available in both 16-bit ISA bus and 32-bit VESA Local 
bus versions (models 8500 AND 8500VL).
        With 1MB DRAM on board, the WINDOWSVGA 24 card offers 
maximum resolution up to 1,280 x 1,024 and supports a refresh rate 
of 72Hz at 800 x 600 and resolution up to 1,024 x 768 
non-interlaced. Both models provide performance many times greater 
than standard SVGA boards, yet conform to all current video 
standards.
        WINDOWSVGA 24 features Genoa's FlickerFree(tm) technology, 
which eliminates screen flash and flicker to make viewing much more 
comfortable.  the cards also come with Safescan(tm), a utility 
developed by Genoa to eliminate the black border around the screen 
and thereby provide 100-percent screen use for overscanning monitors.
        WINDOWSVGA model 8500VL takes full advantage of the speed 
offered by the new VESA Local bus technology.  Most VL bus cards 
will only handle data transfers up to 33MHz, but the 8500VL will 
transfer data at the full speed of the CPU, up to 50MHz.  Genoa is 
also offering this card in the "TurboBahn" combination packaged 
with their TURBOEXPRESS 486VL motherboard.
        Built around the Cirrus Logic GD-5426 GUI accelerator, 
WINDOWSVGA 24 offers the user an exceptional price/performance 
value.  Genoa's advanced proprietary drivers act to "turbocharge" 
the chip, thereby providing an affordable accelerator card with 
power and performance that surpass many of the more highly priced 
chip cards.  The Genoa user will enjoy optimal speed and 
reliability for such programs as Windows, AutoCAD, AutoShade, 3D 
Studio, OS/2, OrCAD and more.  Driver updates and product bulletins 
are available on Genoa's BBS at (408) 943-1231.
        Genoa Systems manufactures and markets an extensive line of 
graphics adapters, motherboards, audio and multimedia cards for 
IBM-compatible personal computers.  All products come with a two 
year limited warranty on parts and labor.  Genoa products are 
currently distributed worldwide through authorized distributors, 
resellers, VARs and systems integrators.
        For more information contact Joe Brunoli, Marketing 
Manager, Genoa Systems at 75 E. Trimble Road, San Jose, Calif. 
95131; Tel: (408) 432-9090 or (800) 934-3662; Fax: (408) 434-0997.

        
-- 
Stefan Hartmann <stefanh@rahul.net>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38928
From: lwv26@cas.org (Larry W. Virden)
Subject: Looking for patches to xv to better support TIFF output


Recently we have found TIFF manipulation packages which do not recognize
TIFF files output by xv.  This is due to a missing XRESOLUTION and YRESOLUTION
tag which apparently is required (or at least believed to be required) for
valid TIFF.  I have checked both xv 2.x and xv 3.x and neither of these
do indeed copy these tags.

Has anyone out there hacked in the fixes for xv to support these tags?
I have been told that I could find some code in tiff/tools/tiffcp.c, but
that directory is one of many of the tiff group not distributed with xv.  I
hope to obtain the original tiff src and look at it, but would prefer
to find code already known to work in xv.
-- 
:s 
:s Larry W. Virden                 INET: lvirden@cas.org
:s Personal: 674 Falls Place,   Reynoldsburg, OH 43068-1614

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38929
From: 92brown@gw.wmich.edu
Subject: PC paint program (NeoPaint v1.1?)--Help

I am looking for a shareware graphics package called NeoPaint v1.1.  I 
saw it in a shareware catalog and was hoping that I could FTP it from 
the net but have been unable to locate it.  I have tried Archie and I 
have gone through the entire comp.graphics newsgroup looking for some 
reference to it and have found none.  I have  also looked through the 
FAQ and also no reference.  The program is called NeoPaint v1.1 and if 
anyone has heard of it or knows where I can get it I would appreciate 
it.

Suggestions for other PC based shareware paint programs would also be 
appreciated. Email me your responses.

Much thanks,
Sean

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38930
From: schwartz@ils.nwu.edu (diane schwartz)
Subject: re: SIGKids Research Showcase Call

It was brought to my attention that there was an oversight in the SIGKids
Research Showcase Call for Participation and Entry Form.

Please note that the SIGKids Research Showcase is part of 
SIGGRAPH '93, August 1-6, 1993 Anaheim, California.

Thank you,

Diane Schwartz
SIGKids Committee Member
Institute for the Learning Sciences
1890 Maple Avenue, Suite 150
Evanston, Illinois 60201

schwartz@ils.nwu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38931
From: tlau@cs.ubc.ca (Tony Lau)
Subject: 3-D widget wish list?

I am very interested in hearing from all of you who are using or implementing
3-D interactive applications what types of 3-D widgets you would
like to have in your applications.  

A 3-D widget is usually located in the same scene as other 3-D objects of the 
application.  It may let you

- manipulate application data, the camera,
  3-D objects in the scene and so on, or
- view the status of the application or 3-D objects
  via the widget's shape, color, position, orientation and so on, or
- do whatever I missed but you think is possible.

For example, a manipulative widget can be virtual trackball (shown as a
partially transparent sphere) super-imposed on the object to be rotated.
A feedback widget can be a ruler with ends anchored to 2 objects.  The length
of the ruler changes as the objects move and a numeric value is shown on the
ruler indicating the distance.  A widget can provide both manipulation and
feedback.  For example, the ruler can be used to change the distance between
the objects along its own axis.


Please e-mail me or post your opinions on 3-D interaction.  The information
I gathered will help me design a 3-D UI construction tool.
Your help is very much appreciated.

Tony Lau
<tlau@cs.ubc.ca>
M.Sc. Student
Dept. of Computer Science


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38932
From: hollasch@kpc.com (Steve Hollasch)
Subject: Re: Kubota Kenai/Denali specs

lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu:
> Okay, I got enough replies about the Kubota Kenai/Denali systems that I
> will post a summary of their capabilities.  [ ... ]
> 
> GRAPHICS
> 
> Transform Modules           1-6                     1-6
> Frame Buffer Modules        5,10,20                 5,10,20
> Frame Buffer                1280x1024x24bit         1280x1024x24bit
>                             double buffered         double buffered
> Z-buffer                    24-bit                  24-bit
> Alpha/stencil               8-bit                   8-bit

pmartz@dsd.es.com (Paul Martz):
| Does this mean they can either do alpha or stenciling, but not both
| simultaneously?

lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu:
> Stereo support              yes                     yes
> Other:                      both machines will double buffer or do
>                             stereo output per window.  Both have an
>                             auxiliary video output that is RS-170A,
>                             NTSC, and PAL

pmartz@dsd.es.com (Paul Martz):
| Same question again, does this mean they can either do double
| buffering or stereo, but not both simultaneously?

    For both these questions, it's an inclusive or.  Alpha plus stencil is
supported (they're separate), as is double-buffered stereo.

______________________________________________________________________________
Steve Hollasch                                   Kubota Pacific Computer, Inc.
hollasch@kpc.com                                 Santa Clara, California
            --- Barbie had it right; math IS hard. ---

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38933
Subject: PHIGS User Group Conference
From: hamlin@ug.eds.com (Griff Hamlin)



                FIRST ANNUAL PHIGS USER GROUP CONFERENCE

          The First Annual PHIGS User Group Conference was held March 21-24
          in Orlando, Florida.  The conference was organized by the Rensse-
          laer Design Research Center in co-operation with  IEEE  and  SIG-
          GRAPH.   Attendees  came  from five countries spanning three con-
          tinents.   A  good  cross-section  of  the  PHIGS  community  was
          represented  at this conference with participants including PHIGS
          users, workstation vendors, third-party PHIGS implementors, stan-
          dards  committee  members,  and  researchers  from  industry  and
          academia.  The opening speaker, Dr. Richard Puk, challenged PHIGS
          users  to  "take  charge of your PHIGS" by participating in PHIGS
          standardization activities and communicating their needs to PHIGS
          implementors.    The   closing  speaker,  Dr.  Andries  Van  Dam,
          described his vision of the future of graphics standards  "beyond
          PHIGS".

          Technical paper sessions in the conference covered the  following
          topics:  PHIGS  and  X, Application Toolkits, Application Issues,
          Texture Mapping, NURBS,  PHIGS  Extensions,  and  Object-Oriented
          Libraries and Frameworks.  Panel sessions on PHIGS and PEX, PHIGS
          Non-Retained Data, Real-World CAD Applications Using  PHIGS,  and
          Portability  Issues generated enthusiastic discussions and formed
          a good forum for exchange of ideas, needs, and experiences.   The
          conference  also included a day full of tutorials on topics rang-
          ing from mathematics for 3D  graphics  to  object-oriented  tools
          based on PHIGS.

          Next year's conference is planned for March, 1994.

          PHIGS EVERYWHERE

          At the conference, PHIGS  vendors   described   and  demonstrated
          PHIGS  products  that  run on all types of computers, from PCs to
          mainframes.

          Megatek Corporation demonstrated their PHIGS extensions including
          conditional traversal, composite logical input devices, texturing
          and translucency.

          Template Graphics  Software  launched  FIGARO+  PRO,  the  Photo-
          Realistic  Option  for  PHIGS+.  FIGARO+  PRO  is designed to add
          advanced rendering to the existing PHIGS+ API, with features like
          ray   tracing,  materials,  anti-aliasing  and  texture  mapping.
          Radiosity support is also planned.

          FIGARO+ is an example of how TGS continues to add newly  emerging
          graphics  features to their products.  FIGARO+ supports immediate
          mode extensions to PHIGS and also supports SUN XGL,  HP  Starbase
          and SGI GL/OpenGL. FIGARO+ for NT will be released this summer.

          TGS also demonstrated the latest versions of FIGraph, a  powerful
          "2-call"  charting  system  based on PHIGS+, and FIGt, an object-
          oriented utility library for PHIGS/PEX developers.

          G5G and Gallium Software demonstrated a new version of GPHIGS  on
          Silicon  Graphics  workstations. Scheduled for summer, 1993, Ver-
          sion 3.0 of GPHIGS, the company's  PHIGS+  library  for  worksta-
          tions,  will include an advanced PHIGS debugger that allows PHIGS
          developers to display and browse PHIGS structures and other PHIGS
          internal  state.  G5G  also  described  their Non-Duplicated Data
          Store that stores pointers to application data in the GPHIGS  CSS
          for  more  efficient  use  of  memory. In addition, G5G described
          their application GSE that allows application callback  functions
          during  GPHIGS traversal.  GPHIGS and PHIGURE, G5G's data visual-
          izer and application development toolkit, are currently available
          on  all  major  workstations  that support GL, X Windows, PEX, or
          Starbase.

          Wise Software presented a slide show of  Z-PHIGS  for  MS-Windows
          and ARENA, a PHIGS based modeller/render. Z-PHIGS implements most
          of the PHIGS+ primitives.  In addition Z-PHIGS has built in  many
          advanced  rendering features like texture mapping, shadow genera-
          tion, area quick updates and ray tracing. A demo disk of  Z-PHIGS
          or ARENA is available on request.

          ATC exhibited GRAFPAK-PHIGS, their full-featured PHIGS  implemen-
          tation  based  on  DEC  PHIGS. GRAFPAK-PHIGS is available on most
          workstation platforms with C, FORTRAN and Ada bindings and incor-
          porates PEX support.

          Within the booth sponsored by Advanced Technology Center, Digital
          Equipment  Corporation demonstrated DEC PHIGS V2.4 running on the
          DEC 3000/400 AXP PXG. ATCs' GRAFPAK-PHIGS is a port of DEC PHIGS.
          DEC  PHIGS  V2.4 contains most PHIGS and PHIGS PLUS features with
          support for PEX V5.1  protocol.  DEC  PHIGS  also  contains  most
          GM/EDS   PHIGS  extensions  including  post-to-view  as  well  as
          proprietary extensions to support immediate  mode  rendering  and
          the use of PHIGS in an X11 environment.

          AXP, DEC, and DEC PHIGS are trademarks of Digital Equipment  Cor-
          poration.  GRAFPAK-PHIGS and ATC are trademarks of Advanced Tech-
          nology Center. PEX and X11 are trademarks of Massachusetts Insti-
          tute of Technology.

          The IBM exhibit featured a GTO accelerator attached to an IBM 340
          workstation running graPHIGS and PEX.

          Hewlett Packard and SHOgraphics demonstrated at the conference. A
          Hewlett  Packard  machine was coupled to display on a SHOgraphics
          PEX terminal. HP showcased their latest  PHIGS  product  enhance-
          ments.


          PHIGS USER GROUP

          The PHIGS Users Group was formed to aid the development of  PHIGS
          applications  and provide user feedback to PHIGS implementors and
          PHIGS standards bodies.  For more  information  about  the  PHIGS
          Users Group, send e-mail to:

                    phigsug@cadrt10.me.vt.edu

          or write to:

                    Sankar Jayaram
                    Virginia Polytechnic Institute
                    114 Randolph Hall
                    Blacksburg, Va. 24061-0238
                    FAX: 703-231-9100


          VENDOR CONTACTS

          Megatek Corporation
          TEL (619) 455-5590
          FAX (619) 453-7603

          Template Graphics Software
          TEL (800) 544-4847
          FAX (619) 452-2547

          WISE software GmbH
          TEL +49-451-3909-413
          FAX +49-451-3909-499

          G5G - North American Sales
          TEL (800) 267-2626
          FAX (613) 592-1278

          Advanced Technology Center
          TEL (800) 999-5711
          FAX (714) 583-9213

          Digital Equipment Corporation
          TEL (603) 884-5111

          International Business Machines Corporation
          TEL (800) 426-3333

          Hewlett Packard Company
          TEL (303) 229-3800

          COPIES OF THE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

          Copies of the conference proceedings may be obtained by  contact-
          ing Mary Johnson at:

                    Johnson, Mary
                    Design and Manufacturing Institute
                    Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
                    110 Eighth Street
                    Building CII, Room 7015
                    Troy, NY  12180-3590
                    Tel:  (518)276-6754
                    Fax:  (518)276-2702
                    Email:  mjohnson@rdrc.rpi.edu


          The cost is $75.00 per binder.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38934
From: patel@enuxha.eas.asu.edu (Jayesh A. Patel)
Subject: PARAMETRIC/VARIATIONAL DESIGN



	Hi Everyone,

	I am looking for papers/articels/books or any other
	source of information about Parametric/Variational
	Design in CAD/Solid Modeling.

	Any suggetions/references would be greatly appreaciated.

	Thanks in advance.

	Jayesh

	patel@enuxha.eas.asu.edu ( IP No: 129.219.30.6)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38935
From: an056@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Gregory Winer)
Subject: An very broad question


I am considering creating a "demo" for the IBM PC for my band.
I would like to combine interesting graphics and a sample of 
my music in the program.  I have seen things like this
done for other platforms, and even a few for the PC, but since
I'm completly new to this, I have no idea wher to start.
I'm pretty sure that I am not skilled enough to put this 
together, but I was hoping that you (collectivly) could
A. Let me know what issues I need to worry about, things I
   Should take into consideration when developing the 
   concept.
B. Perhaps someone knows of a programmer/artist who would be interested
   in this type of a project.

I know these are rather broad questions, but any information
would be most helpful.  Thanks!!

-- 
Gregory Winer
an056@po.cwru.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38936
From: spl@pitstop.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back

In article <1993Apr28.094739.25200@htsa.aha.nl> remcoha@htsa.aha.nl (Remco Hartog) writes:
>I have a little question:
>
>I need to convert RGB-coded (Red-Green-Blue) colors into HVS-coded
>(Hue-Value-Saturnation) colors. Does anyone know which formulas to
>use?

I have a little answer:

See Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles
and Practice, Second Edition_.

[If people would *read* this book, 75 percent of the questions in this
froup would disappear overnight...]

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"My other car is a car, too."
                 - Bumper strip seen on I-805

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38937
From: davidla@ecs.comm.mot.com (David Lau)
Subject: GIF viewer source code for PC?

Does anyone know where I could get some source code for a GIF viewer on a PC.
It doesn't have to be fancy, it would be best if it were written in C to 
display gif pictures on a VGA screen.  I was hoping to get it for free
from an FTP site, but I haven't been able to find it yet.



--------
David Lau
davidla@ecs.comm.mot.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38938
From: sull@focus.csl.uiuc.edu (Sanghoon Sull)
Subject: Final call for papers






                             CALL FOR PAPERS
                             ===============


                        Progress In Neural Networks
                     Special Volume on Shape Analysis


                Omid M. Omidvar         Minsoo Suk
                 Series Editor        Volume Editor



Significant progress has been made recently in shape analysis using
neural networks and the energy minimization concept. Ablex Publishing
Corporation is planning a special volume on "Shape Analysis", scheduled
for this year.

This volume will be a part of "Progress in Neural Networks," an annual
book series reviewing research in modelling, analysis, design and
application of neural networks. The primary aim of this volume is to
present, in a single volume, the most important achievements made on
this important topic, which are otherwise scattered in diverse literature.

Authors are invited to submit original manuscripts detailing recent
progress. Suggested topics include, but are not limited to: shape modelling,
shape estimation, shape recovery, shape representation, shape matching,
surface reconstruction and surface decomposition. Research work utilizing
neural networks directly or based on energy minimization techniques such as
Markov random field, mean field annealing, simulated annealing, graduated
non-convexity algorithms and resistive networks are most welcome.

The paper should be tutorial in nature, self contained and preferably,
but not necessarily, about fifty double spaced pages in length. Please send
electronically (if you prefer, you can send a hardcopy to the address below)
an  abstract and an outline to
msuk@ima.enst.fr
by May 30, 1993. The full paper must be submitted by July 31, 1993 to:



Europe                                  USA

Professor Minsoo Suk                    Professor Omid M. Omidvar
Department IMAGES                       Computer Science Department
Ecole Nationale Superieure              University of District of Columbia
des Telecommunications                  4200 Connecticut Ave. N.W.
46, rue Barrault                        Washington D.C. 20008
75634 PARIS CEDEX 13                    Phone: (202)282-7345
FRANCE                                  Fax: (202)282-3677
Fax:33-1-45-81-37-94                    email: oomidvar@udcvax.bitnet
email:msuk@ima.enst.fr






Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38939
From: zyda@cs.nps.navy.mil (Michael Zyda)
Subject: ACM SIGGRAPH Registration Problem

A word of warning for those of you registering for SIGGRAPH '93.
I just received my registration form back in the mail with the
envelope marked "Return to sender. Moved - Left No Address.
Closed PO Box". The address I used to register for SIGGRAPH '93
is the one printed on the registration form:

     ACM SIGGRAPH '93
     PO Box 95316,
     Chicago, IL 60694-5316

I printed the envelope in my best printing, honest but evidently
SIGGRAPH '93 has skipped town or moved?

I ended up faxing my registration to: 312-321-6876. I hope that
number is real!

     Michael Zyda

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38940
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: NTSC data to RGB ?  For Video Capture.



Usually, you apply

[R]    [ 1     0        1.402   ][Y]
[G] =  [ 1  -0.34414   -0.71414 ][U]
[B]    [ 1    1.772     0       ][V]


after unlevelshifting U and V (subtracting 128 from them).

This matrix multiplication may give results out of RGB space, so you
have to clamp the resulting bytes to [0..255].
The conversion should be done with arbitrary big integers, not floats :)

This applies to YUV data whereas NTSC may have YIQ where a 33 degree
rotation to U/V is buid in.


--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38941
From: osprey@ux4.cso.uiuc.edu (Lucas Adamski)
Subject: Re: Fast polygon routine needed

In article <1993Apr26.195313.4581@eye.com> jesse@eye.com (Jesse Lackey) writes:
>In article <1rguqoINNrc@edna.cc.swin.edu.au> alan@saturn.cs.swin.OZ.AU (Alan Christiansen) writes:
>>I believe that the algorithms you can get that will only draw convex
>>polygons can be much more efficient than those that can draw
>>concave / self intersecting polygons. 
>>This efficiency can largely be attributed to the fact that 
>>simple convex polygons only have a left and a right edge on each scan line.
>>Complex (figure 8 type polygons) can be a bit trickier.
>
>It is true the convex algorithm is faster than a general concave/multi outline
>algorithm, but not tremendously faster.  I spent awhile implementing and
>optimizing both flavors, and the convex turned out about 10% faster.  This is
>all C (on HP PA-RISC the compiler got the inner loop [shooting the span] as
>fast as possible, as far as I could tell).  For any sort of game the database
>to render is known ahead of time, and can be made all convex.  Definitely the
>way to go.
>

Ok, thanks for help everyone! I still haven't found quite what I'm looking for,
but I've got finals coming up soon so I have to put all this on hold.
		Thanx,
		  //Lucas.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38942
From: amit@virgo.math.tau.ac.il (Amit Shaked)
Subject: Digital Terrain Data for Visualization Needed


We need terrain data for a visualization research currently taking place
in Tel-Aviv university. We have two databases that we are currently working
on, but we would like to work on more databases, possibly more complicated 
and ones that will give prettier images.

Before I describe what kind of data we need, let me mention that we are 
going to present a paper titled "Photo-Realistic Imaging of Digital Terrains"
which describes the research and the results, in the EUROGRAPHICS'93 
conference in Barcelona, this september. We are going to show a video-tape 
with some of our results, so any good data that we will receive will be 
presented in the tape, with a mention of the donator.

We are working on databases consisting of aerial or satelite photographs, 
and terrain elevation maps (DTM). 
Each database consists of a 2D array of height values (any data format can
be used for each value), and a corresponding 2D array of color values (can
be gray-level, 256-color value or full 24-bit R/G/B values. Other format can
also be used). We work on 512X512 and 1024x1024 resolution databases.

If anybody has access to this kind of data, or knows where we can get such
data files, please respond in this news group, or - better - email us
directly :

amit@math.tau.ac.il    (Amit Shaked), or
danny@indigo.bgu.ac.il (Daniel Cohen)

Of course, the names of the people who will help us get the data will be
cited in our paper, and in further publications.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38943
From: mharring@cch.coventry.ac.uk (MARTIN)
Subject: Ftp Site(s) with GIFS

I have been looking around some Ftp sites and cannot find one with any good
GIF files. Could someone please tell me of some Ftp sites which do posses
goods GIFS and a wide range.

Please EMAIL me at the address above.

Thanks

Martin



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38944
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Kubota vs. E&S Freedome


More people have been asking for information on the Kubota graphics
workstations, so here is some more info on the Kenai/Denali vs. the
E&S Freedom.


Here is the text of a Denali vs. E&S Freedom done by D.H. Brown Associates.

------

Denali bears a strong resemblance to Evans and Sutherlands Freedom graphics
subsystem in several aspects of its high-level design.  Both products use
a parallel array of 29050 processors for geometric computations.  Both
have a pixel router to connect this front end to a second array of
pixel processors.  As a result, Denali and Freedome overlap significantly
in performance and functionality.  Both design teams also appear to have 
similar philosophies with respect to modularity, scalability, and market
penetration.

There remain, however, several important differences between the KPC and
E&S products.  Evans and Sutherland designed Freedom as a high-end
developer's dream system with plenty of performance potential and
flexibility.  In its favor, Freedom has configurations from two to
sixteen floating point units, a border range that starts and ends at
a higher price and performance levels than Denali.  All Freedom
systems include a large, fixed number of pixel processors that
support a broader variety of color blending functions.  The Freedom
design treats its entire image memory as general-purpose memory, allowing
developers to allocate it on a flexible basis to a number of special-purpose
applications.  Finally, E&S provided Freedom with very flexible otput and
video integration features for multimedia and simulation applications.  Note
that KPC is working an auxiliary board for NTSC and PAL output that will not
require an external video encoder.  E&S programmable output features,
however, will remain much more flexible.

The KPC design team, in contrast, made Denali more of an end-user's system.
Entry version have better performance range and flexibility than low-end
Freedom configurations, and come in at more realistic mainstream price
points.  Denali does not need as many 29050 modules as Freedome because
it uses a deeper scan-conversion pipeline to support each one, resulting
in better cost/performance characteristics.  Although both products provide
strong support for 3D, imaging, and volume rendering, KPC recognized that
not all users will want an even mix of these capabilities.  Denali's
configuration flexibility allows customers in effect to purchase
geometric and pixel processing capabilities separately, and to upgrade
them separately as needed.

Both companies have implemented hardware texture mapping at
workstation price levels as a way to attack SGI's more expensive
VGXT and RealityEngine systems -- the only other products to provide
this capability.  KPC supports point sampling and bilinear interpolation
of textures in hardware, but provides only software support for the higher
qualtiy tri-linear interpolated mipmapping method.  On balance, however, Denali
provideds bettern overall texturing capabilities than E&S for most applications.
Aside from being much more affordable, KPC solutions deliver more parallelism
for texture processing and more off-screen memory for general graphics
data storage.  By implementing texture mapping on its transformation
modules, E&S foces customers to move very quickly to higher price levels
to obtain better texturing performance.  Kubota avoids this problem by linking
texturing to its Frame Buffer Modules, providing a lower-cost, more scalable
solution.

Hope this helps,

Brian

PS This was reprinted without permission.  For the full text, please contact
Kubota 408-727-8100.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38945
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: XV problems

In article <1993Apr27.143603.9351@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:
>
>2) Yes XV is an 8 bit program. This is not a bug.

Never claimed it is a bug.


>XV can import 24 bit images and quantises them down to 8 bits. This is a handy
>facility, not a bug.

Never claimed it is a bug.


>How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How
>would you group 'related' colours to edit them together? Only global
>changes could be done unless the software were very different and
>much more complicated.
>If you want to do colour editing on a 24 bit image, you need much
>more powerfull software - which is readily available commercially.

I guess I edited my note on this away from the article I posted to
many newsgroups.

I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.
This makes sense, because the main use of XV is only viewing images.

Doing many changes to image, we should keep all modifications
in a buffer; and then before making the operations to 24bit image,
we should simplify the operation list for unnecessary operations.


>And lastly, JPEG is a compression algorithm. It can be applied to any
>image of arbitrary bit depth. Again, this is not a bug.

Never claimed it is a bug.
I tried kept sure I don't claim that JPEG is noting else than
a compression algorithm, because I know what the JPEG is.
(You propably misunderstood what I wrote as you have done in many
places so far.)

You also missed what is (were) wrong with XV. However, I did wrote it.


Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38946
From: senderow@diva.Berkeley.EDU (Dan Senderowicz)
Subject: convertion program to gremlin

I was wondering if somebody knows of a PD program for converting
any graphic formats such as fig, pic, unixplot, tek, etc. to
gremlin. Thanks,

Dan.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38947
From: adaptive@cs.nps.navy.mil (zyda res acct)
Subject: Re: Human head modeling software

>In article <C65wBp.6K4@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil> adaptive@cs.nps.navy.mil (zyda res acct) writes:
>>>Hi, there!
>>>I am interested in facial animation and want to implement some program about this area.
>>>But I don't have any 3-D information for the face.
>>>I am looking for some 3D images of face.
>>
>>Try getting the Cyberware_demo via ftp which contains 3D images of the
>>face.
>>
>
>What is the copyright status of this data?  Are there restrictions regarding the
>uses they can be put to?
>
>Kaveh
>
>
>-- 
>Kaveh Kardan
>kardank@ERE.UMontreal.CA

Kaveh,

all of the data included with in the Cyberware_demo is
non-proprietary, use it as you like. I just ask that you give us
credit if you use it in a research paper/project and send us the
results.

thanks,

geo
Cyberware
-- 
george dabrowski
Cyberware Labs

dabro@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38948
From: geoffw@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU (Geoffrey Warren Hicks)
Subject: Colour Transform for Red/Green Colour Blindness


Posted on behalf of Craig Southeren who does not have access to
a net account:
-------------------------------------------------------------------

Can anyone provide me with a colour space transform that would
emulate the effects of red/green colour blindness? I have had
a quick look in the computer graphics literature with no results.
Perhaps someone who has access to medical information could help?

I would like to write a program (probably a PPM filter) to allow
previewing of images to check for sufficient contract for colour
blind users. Not being colour blind myself, this is a bit difficult!

Please email replies - I will summarise and repost if there is
sufficient interest

    Craig


---------------------------------------------------------------------
Craig Southeren                      |  "You can have it good, cheap,
Chief Engineer,                      |   or fast. Any two."
Picture Start Productions            |      Arthur C. Clarke
email: c/- geoffw@ucc.su.OZ.AU       | 
phone: +61 2 959 5550                |  "Educate - don't legislate"
---------------------------------------------------------------------



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38949
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: RGB/HLS/HSV conversion routines wanted


In article <9304280923.AA26702@sun4nl.nluug.nl>, bultman@dgw.rws.nl (G.W.Bultman) writes:
|> Hi,
|> 
|> I'm looking for RGB (cube) --> HLS (double hexcone) --> HSV (cylinder) 
|> conversion routines. I have RGB <--> HSV, but miss the HLS <--> RGB/HSV.
|> 
	Have you checked Foley's book? The solutions are in chapter 13.

	Yeh
	USC


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38950
From: spl@ivem.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back

In article <ltu4buINNe7j@caspian.usc.edu> zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh) writes:
>|> See Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles
>|> and Practice, Second Edition_.
>|> 
>|> [If people would *read* this book, 75 percent of the questions in this
>|> froup would disappear overnight...]
>|> 
>	Not really. I think it is less than 10%.

Nah... I figure most people would be so busy reading that they wouldn't
have *time* to post. :-) :-) :-)

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"Until I meet you, then, in Upper Hell
Convulsed, foaming immortal blood: farewell" - J. Berryman, "A Professor's Song"

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38951
From: menchett@dws012.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti)
Subject: Re: Why does Illustrator AutoTrace so poorly?


I use Arts & Letters on a PC and if you make use of the Tracing Preferences
it traces beautifully. BUT - there's a trick to tracing. I've traced entire
cartoon images into custom clip art, but you can't expect to just point to
the image and get it just like that, it takes a little work (in some cases
a lot of work). You need to trace a drawing piece by piece, and then put it 
together... it's kinda hard to explain in type, but if you're ever in Reno
I can give you a little demonstration!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38952
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back


|> 
|> I have a little answer:
|> 
|> See Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles
|> and Practice, Second Edition_.
|> 
|> [If people would *read* this book, 75 percent of the questions in this
|> froup would disappear overnight...]
|> 
	Not really. I think it is less than 10%.

	Yeh
	USC


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38953
From: menchett@dws012.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti)
Subject: A graphic design newsgroup???

Which newsgroup discusses graphic design on PCs and macs?

Y'know like with Corel Draw??

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38954
From: hwstock@snll-arpagw.llnl.gov (stockman harlan w)
Subject: screen capture

Is there a DOS screen capture utility -- PD or shareware -- that will
work reliably with VESA 6a 800x600 screens?

Thanks, H.W. Stockman, hwstock@sandia.llnl.gov

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38955
From: menchett@dws012.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti)
Subject: Arts&Letters Graphics Editor


Does anyone on this group use this program? It stacks up pretty well to 
Corel Draw, and since I don't have a CDROM, it was the best buy...

Maybe someone would be interested in trading tips and tricks?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38956
From: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu (Ed Stastny)
Subject: Re: Ftp Site(s) with GIFS

mharring@cch.coventry.ac.uk (MARTIN) writes:

>I have been looking around some Ftp sites and cannot find one with any good
>GIF files. Could someone please tell me of some Ftp sites which do posses
>goods GIFS and a wide range.

Whatever you do, don't FTP to the sites listed in my sig...
 
You won't like what you find...really.  I beg you NOT to GO there!
PLEASE!

...e

--
Ed Stastny           | OTIS Project, END PROCESS, SOUND News and Arts 
PO BX 241113	     | FTP: sunsite.unc.edu (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS)
Omaha, NE 68124-1113 |      141.214.4.135 (projects/otis)
---------------------- EMail: ed@cwis.unomaha.edu, ed@sunsite.unc.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38957
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: Colour Transform for Red/Green Colour Blindness


In article <geoffw.736035868@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU>, geoffw@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU
(Geoffrey Warren Hicks) writes:

>Posted on behalf of Craig Southeren who does not have access to
>a net account:
>-------------------------------------------------------------------

>Can anyone provide me with a colour space transform that would
>emulate the effects of red/green colour blindness? I have had
>a quick look in the computer graphics literature with no results.
>Perhaps someone who has access to medical information could help?
 
Certainly. Reference follows. 

Bear in mind that there are at least two conditions which may be called
red/green colour blind. One, protanopia, is caused by a lack or major
dysfunction of the L cones, those that respond best to long
wavelengths. This gives much reduced red/green and red/violet discrimination and
also means that reds look dimmer than than they do to people with normal vision.

The other, deuteranopia, is due to missing or dysfunctional M cones although it
can also be caused by a lack of the L-M cone difference signals in the retina.
It also gives reduced red/green discrimination but red/violet is unaffected. 
Unlike protanopia, reds are not dimmer than  normal.

On a uniform chromaticity diagram - the horseshoe shaped one you see in computer
graphics books - there is a single confusion point for each type of colour
deficiency. Colours which are confused lie on straight lines radiating from this
point. For protanopia the point is at u'=0.61,v'=0.51, very close to the far red
corner. For deuteranopia, the point is at u'=-4.75, v'=1.31

Note that different experimental investigations in the literature give slightly
different values for these depending on the precise details of the experimental
setup, random errors, and so on. The values quoted are typical.

So if all colours on a line are seen as the same, which colour is actually seen?

This problem has now been solved. Tests on people with one normal eye and one
affected eye have shown that there is an axis for each type of disorder onto
which all the colours collapse. For protanopes this joins up 473nm and 574nm on
the spectral locus (the edge of the horseshoe); for deuteranopes the line is
very similar,  joining 477nm and 579nm.

*So* to convert colours from normal vision to a simulated protanopia or
duuteranopia:

1) Plot the colour on a uniform chromaticity diagram
2) Construct a line from this point to the appropriate confusion point
3) Find the intersection of this line with the appropriate axis line
4) This is the new chromaticity. 

The best reference for this is Meyer, G.W. & Greenberg, D.P. (1988) 'Colour
defective vision and computer graphics displays', IEEE Computer Graphics and
Applications 8(5) 28-40.

You will also need a decent reference on basic colour science if you are not
familiar with the CIE XYZ colour model and the uniform chromaticity scale diagram.

>I would like to write a program (probably a PPM filter) to allow
>previewing of images to check for sufficient contract for colour
>blind users. Not being colour blind myself, this is a bit difficult!

Yes this is certainly possible. You will need the chromaticities of the red
green and blue phosphors of the monitor you intend to display the images on, and
the chromaticity of the white point. This information can be measured, or
obtained from the manufacturer. I posted a list of some monitor chromaticities a
couple of weeks ago.

The procedure, for each pixel (!) is as follows. (Some lookup tables might be a
help here.)

A) convert RGB to CIE XYZ. This is a simple 3*3 matrix multiplication once you
have the monitor data.
B) retaining the Y component for later, convert XYZ to chromaticity coordinates u'v'
using u' = 4X/(X+15Y+3Z), v' = 9Y/(X+15Y+3Z)
C) find the equation of the line as in step 2 above
D) find the intersection as in step 3
E) convert back from u'v' to XYZ, using the Y value from step A
F) Ensure that this new colour can be displayed on your monitor; if not, move it
along a line in XYZ space towards neutral grey (ie half way between black and
white) until it is displayable.

>Please email replies - I will summarise and repost if there is
>sufficient interest

Done; also posted for the rest of us.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk  
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38958
From: c557652@mizzou1.missouri.edu (Robert Woodward)
Subject: gif viewer

I am having trouble viewing GIF files on my system.  Large sections
don't show up.  I have tried VPIC and PICEM - both do the same.  I am
running a Gateway 486/33C with a Speedstar Plus VGA card and an
NEC Multisync 4Ds 16 inch monitor.  Any suggestions?  I don't know if 
Robert Woodward
Department of Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO  65212
e-mail:  c557652@mizzou1.missouri.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38959
From: eschbach@abc.wrc.xerox.com (Reiner Eschbach)
Subject: Re: Turning photographic images into thermal print and/or negatives

In article <1993Apr28.162343.14513@seq.uncwil.edu> hawks@seq.uncwil.edu (David Hawks) writes:

>It is for a business and the end product has to be a photograph.
>I take damaged black and whites, usually old, some very, and repair them
>by hand at present.  I would like to do this by using a computer.
>I am just trying to find a vendor who can convert my computer stored
>images to negatives or thermal print.  The customer will want his/her
>copy as much as possible like a brand new original photgraph.

There are several CRT-to-film writers around. Agfa has some, they also might
be called Matrix?, and I am pretty sure other companies sell the same
equipment. You might want to talk to any company in your area that does
presentation slides or offers graphics services. They should have those
machines and they might point you to a local vendor. From there on it's all
a question of money. They units are essentially high res CRTs plus a filter
wheel plus a 35mm camera and a computer hook-up.

>-- David

Reiner

p.s. I am currently shooting my slides for my next talk on one of the Agfa
machines.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38960
From: lwilson@ucbeh.san.uc.edu
Subject: Viewing JPEG files

Can I view JPEG files without special hardware?
  
    Lucy Wilson, Access Services Librarian
    College of Engineering, University of Cincinnati


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38961
From: ecampbel@metz.une.edu.au (Ed Campbell)
Subject: libraries for text+math+graphics display?

Does anyone know of any c or c++ libraries for preparing
and displaying quickly pages of mixed text, mathematical equations,
and graphics (circles,ellipses,etc) on the vdu? The maths wouldnt
need to be up to TeX quality, but it would be useful to be scaleable.
The main thing would be to be able to generate the display quickly
from a minimum set of formatting code.
Thanks,
Ed Campbell

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38962
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back


In article <ltu4buINNe7j@caspian.usc.edu>, zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
writes:

>|> See Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles
>|> and Practice, Second Edition_.
>|> 
>|> [If people would *read* this book, 75 percent of the questions in this
>|> froup would disappear overnight...]
>|> 
>	Not really. I think it is less than 10%.

Or alternatively, 75% of the questions cover 10% of the topics in this group -
making them frequently asked.

So the other 25% cover 90% of the topics, making them rarely asked and thus in
sore need of answering ...

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38963
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Re: XV problems


In article <1rohjc$avt@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana) writes:

>In article <1993Apr27.143603.9351@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
>C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:

>> [moved on a bit]

>I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
>with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
>process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.
>This makes sense, because the main use of XV is only viewing images.
>
>Doing many changes to image, we should keep all modifications
>in a buffer; and then before making the operations to 24bit image,
>we should simplify the operation list for unnecessary operations.
>
Think about what you are saying here. The 24 bit image is quantised down to 8
bits so many 'similar' colours are mapped onto a single palette colour. This
colour gets modified in fairly arbitrary ways. You then want to apply these
modifications back to the 24 bit file, so you have to find which colours mapped
to this one palette colour. Ok you could do this by copying the 24 bit file to a
32 bit file and using the extra 8 bits to hold the index entry. 
Having done this, you need to do something to them ... what, exactly?

Apply the difference in RGB between the original and modified palette entry to
each colour in the group? This could generate colours with RGB outside the range
0...255. It would also lead to discontinuities when different parts of a smooth
colour gradient mapped to several different palette entries.

You could interpolate from full modification to no modification depending how
far each colour was from the palette entry. However I suspect this would look
rather odd.

So in summary, what I said in my previous posting still holds:

>>How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How
>>would you group 'related' colours to edit them together? Only global
>>changes could be done unless the software were very different and
>>much more complicated.

>>If you want to do colour editing on a 24 bit image, you need much
>>more powerfull software - which is readily available commercially.

In other words, to edit a 24 bit file you need software built for the job.
Tacking mods onto xv is going to create more problems than it solves.

As to the other bits - you seemed to be claiming that there were bugs in XV. If
that was not what you meant, then:

>(You propably misunderstood what I wrote as you have done in many
>places so far.)

Yes, I probably did. I found that the collected digest format of your posting
made it a little difficult to understand precisely what your point was. Sorry
if I misunderstood.

>You also missed what is (were) wrong with XV. However, I did wrote it.

Yes again. What *is* (was?) wrong with xv?

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38964
From: ip001b@uhura.cc.rochester.edu (Ivan Pulleyn)
Subject: PC Question - 256 modes?


Hi,
  I need to know if there is a 256 color graphics mode that allows multiple
pages.  I want something like mode 0x10 (640x350x16 2 pages).  I have been
experimenting with graphics by calling the BIOS with borland turbo c.  I
feel like I am flying blind in this area, and could use all the help that
you can give.

  Thanks,
	Ivan......


-- 
	+----------------------------------------+
	| Ivan Pulleyn - University of Rochester |
	| E-mail - ip001b@uhura.cc.rochester.edu |
	+----------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38965
From: mne@ing.puc.cl (Marcelo Neira Eid)
Subject: raw2gif ?

	Hello:
	can anybody help me to find a program that converts a format named
	"raw" (also known as "img") to the "gif" format or "jpeg" one.
	It's desirable to be for a unix machine than for a PC.

	(
	"Raw" format of a N*N image is a file that contain a tail of 
	N*N characters, each one referencing to the k*N+j pixel of the 
	monocrome image, where k and j lies between 0 and N-1.
	).
		
	
	Thanxs			mne@ing.puc.cL


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38966
Subject: PBM+ 10dec91 when's'the'new'version?
From: j3gum@vax1.mankato.msus.edu

Does anyone know if the fabled /new/ version of PBM+ will be out soon.  As
far as I know the /current/ version is 10dec91.
Jeff P. are you out there ? ?? ?

Jeffrey E. Hundstad

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38967
From: curdm@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu (Richard Mancuso)
Subject: * * * ASCII OR ANSI PICS..WHERE * * *

can someone tell me where i could find ansi or ascii pics?

I already found the gopher ascii pics.


thanks

Richard Mancsuo

curdm@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38968
From: wbrand@krishna.shearson.com (Willy Brandsdorfer)
Subject: digital cameras


	I'm interested in obtaining the highest possible image capture in a 
MS-Windows application. The resulting image must go to print and high resolution
is the name of the game. I'm familiar with (and unhappy with) composite video
capture technology. What kind of resolution can I get out of an SVHS signal? 
What about RGB (and who makes RGB cameras)? Does anyone have any experience
with digital cameras? 

Any help at all would be greatly appreciated.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
William Brandsdorfer            | UUCP:    !uunet!lehman.com!wbrand
Lehman Brothers                 | INET:    wbrand@lehman.com
388 Greenwich St.               | Voice:   (212) 464-3835
New York, N.Y. 10013            | 
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38969
From: steve@keystone.arch.unsw.edu.au (Stephen Peter)
Subject: Windows BMP -> something wanted

G'Day All,

I'm looking for a program to convert BMP images to GIF, TGA or even PPM.

I'd prefer a unix program, but Dos is fine also.

I've seen Alchemy (for DOS) and some windows image viewers which can save
an image in other formats, but what I'm after is a converter not a viewer...

Any help would be apprieciated!

cheers
Stephen.
---
 _--_|\                                                  S.Peter@unsw.EDU.AU
/      \    Stephen Peter                or  steve@keystone.arch.unsw.EDU.AU
\_.--._/<-------------------------------------------------------------------
      v     School of Architecture, University of New South Wales, Australia
            Phone +61 2 6974816   Fax +61 2 6621378   Messages +61 2 6974799


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38970
From: eball12@ursa.calvin.edu (Edward Ball)
Subject: IBM: Writing to screen memory (graphics)

Can anyone give me information or lead me to electronic information (not
books; I'm too poor...) regarding programming the standard graphics modes?
320x200x4 and 640x200x2 are easy enough, but I'm not so sure about the
rest.  Something about planes or something, and writing to ports and the
like, but I don't know the numbers or anything -- for the 16 color modes, I
think.  If I'm wrong, let me know.  Also, 320x200x256 is just one byte/pixel;
that's easy enough, but are there any other ways to write to the screen,
perhaps bytes at a time, or something like that?

Of course, I'd appreciate any information about any mode....  which reminds
me of another question -- do the SuperVGA modes work the same, generally,
as the normal 16 and 256 color modes, or is not only the mode numbers
for various cards different, but the methods for writing to the screen
different as well?

Thanks for any help you can give me...  I'm developing a screen class for
C++ and find myself searching for information.  Oh, I do have Ralf Brown's
Interrupt List, which has given me tons of invaluable information already.
It just doesn't go into the screen programming details (except for the
read/write pixel BIOS calls...

Thanks again.

--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Edward Ball, .sigless Knight                       eball12@calvin.edu //
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38971
From: mad-celt@cwis.unomaha.edu (Andy Booth)
Subject: SYNERGY: Revolt - an OTIS colaberation project

The OTIS Project presents...

       SYNERGY: Revolt 
	...the first in a continuing series of collaborative
	art initiatives designed to exploit the binarity
	of the infosphere.  This series of diversely 
	structured art-manipulation projects will attempt
	to stretch across network boundries encouraging
	use of electronic mail, fax, video, photography,
	scanned "conventional" art and even sound to 
	create multi-artist "still" visuals in GIF and 
	JPG formats.  Visualists from all technical levels
	are welcome.  

	REVOLT will be structured simply.  There will be 
	three stages of production.  The first stage will
	consist of all participants creating one still 
	work as a "starter" piece that two other partici-
	pants will, in turn, manipulate.  All first stage
	"base" images are due by Sunday, May 23rd, 1993, 
	midnight Central Daylight Time. 

	Stage two will begin on May 24th.  All images will 
	be sent to another (arbitrarily chosen) participant
	for them to do manipulations on in anyway they see 
	fit.  For purely digital artists, this may consist
	of filtering the image through their favorite paint
	program.  For "analog" artists, this may well be
	printing a hardcopy of the image and adding their
	own part with pen, pencil or white-out then scan-
	ning in the image again to be transferred on to 
	the third-stage artist.  All second-stage works
	are due by midnight on Sunday, May 30th.

	Stage three is the finishing stage and will begin
	on May 31st.  All artists will do what they think 
	it takes to finish up the image they've been given
	using whatever technique they see as worthy.  
	These images will be due on June 6th, midnight.

	All involved will participate in each stage of
	creation.

	-----------------------------------------------------------
	To join, send email/mail with the following info:

	Name:
	email address:
	mail address:
	scanner access?  (color/grey/none)
	printer access?  (laser/postscript/inkjet/color/dot)
	computer access? (mac/ibm-pc/sun/amiga/atari/NeXT/other)
	output format?	 (tiff/targa/gif/jpeg/pict/postscript/fax
		         /photocopy/pcx/windows bitmap)
	graphics level?  (8bit/16bit/24bit/?)
	ftp access?
	time limitations?

	Address the information to:

	email: mad-celt@cwis.unomaha.edu (Andrew Booth, project manager)
	       (include "REVOLT" in the subject line)
	mail:  The OTIS Project
	       SYNERGY: Revolt
	       PO BX 241113
	       Omaha, NE 68124-1113	

	---------------------------------------------------------	
	Remember, all STARTER images are due on Sunday, May 23rd. 
	Deposit them at either of these FTP sites:

	sunsite.unc.edu  (/pub/multimedia/pictures/OTIS/Incoming)
	or
	141.214.4.135  (projects/otis/incoming)
		OR
	...send uuencoded images to us via email...
		OR
	...send hardcopies to address above...
		OR
	...arrange FAX exchange.

	If you don't get your STARTER image in, you won't be
	able to participate until SYNERGY Phase II (in mid-June).
	---------------------------------------------------------

	We will do our best to accomodate/facilitate image exchange
	for the "technologically impaired".  If you don't have 
	access to a scanner, but need one, we'll try to help.
	If you need an image printed out and sent to you, let
	us know (send an SASE if you anticipate this).

	ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AVAILABLE ON THE FOLLOWING:
	- suggestions for use of "uncommon" mediums
	  (such as video stills, electronic imaging and sound)
	- FAX availability times
	- "copyright" considerations (appropriation)
	- image conversion
	- the OTIS Project in general

--
Andy Booth               Were you ever abducted by aliens?  Ever see Elvis 
PO Bx 241113             at the local 7-11?  I would like to hear from you 
Omaha, NE 68124-1113     about any paranormal experiences you have had.    

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38972
From: bill@solaria (Bill Neisius)
Subject: Re: RGB to HVS, and back

Remco Hartog (remcoha@htsa.aha.nl) wrote:
: I have a little question:
: 
: I need to convert RGB-coded (Red-Green-Blue) colors into HVS-coded
: (Hue-Value-Saturnation) colors. Does anyone know which formulas to
: use?

Lets see if I have this right... HSV == HSB == HSL ... and none of those
are the same as HLS.  Hopefully, HVS is just a transposition of HSV, and
not yet another color model... 

The following code should do the HSV (HSL) coding (I haven't tried it yet)
(Thanks to bultman@dgw.rws.nl)

Another possibility is /mirrors/msdos/graphics/graphgem.zip on
wuarchive.wustl.edu.

Bill Neisius
bill@solaria.hac.com

----------------

The following code is from the starbase (HP) manual:
(all coordinates noralised at 0-1 interval)

     hsl_to_rgb(hue, saturation, luminosity, red, green, blue)
     float   hue, saturation, luminosity;    /* input in HSL */
     float   *red, *green, *blue;            /* output in RGB */
     {
         float       frac, lx, ly, lz;       /* temporaries */

         hue = 6 * hue;
         frac = hue - (int) hue;
         lx = luminosity * (1 - saturation);
         ly = luminosity * (1 - saturation * frac);
         lz = luminosity * (1 - saturation * (1 - frac));
 
         switch ((int) hue) {
             case 0: case 6:
                 *red = luminosity; *green = lz; *blue = lx; break;
             case 1:
                 *red = ly; *green = luminosity; *blue = lx; break;
             case 2:
                 *red = lx; *green = luminosity; *blue = lz; break;
             case 3:
                 *red = lx; *green = ly; *blue = luminosity; break;
             case 4:
                 *red = lz; *green = lx; *blue = luminosity; break;
             case 5:
                 *red = luminosity; *green = lx; *blue = ly; break;
         }
     }
     /******************************************************************************/
     rgb_to_hsl(red, green, blue, hue, saturation, luminosity)
     #define max(a, b, c)    ((a>b?a:b)>c?(a>b?a:b):c)
     #define min(a, b, c)    ((a<b?a:b)<c?(a<b?a:b):c)
     float   red, green, blue;               /* input in RGB */
     float   *hue, *saturation, *luminosity; /* output in HSL */
     {
         float       x, tempr, tempg, tempb; /* temporary values */

         *hue = 0.0;
         *saturation = 1.0;
         *luminosity = max(red, green, blue);
         x = min(red, green, blue);
         if (*luminosity != 0.0) {           /* calculate only if necessary */
             *saturation = (*luminosity - x) / *luminosity;
             if (*saturation != 0.0) {       /* calculate only if necessary */
                 tempr = (*luminosity - red  ) / (*luminosity - x);
                 tempg = (*luminosity - green) / (*luminosity - x);
                 tempb = (*luminosity - blue ) / (*luminosity - x);
                 if (red == *luminosity)
                     *hue = (green == x ? 5 + tempb : 1 - tempg);
                 else if (green == *luminosity)
                     *hue = (blue == x ? 1 + tempr : 3 - tempb);
                 else
                     *hue = (red == x ? 3 + tempg : 5 - tempr);
                 *hue /= 6;
             }
         }
     }



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38973
From: ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Pei Hsieh)
Subject: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

Hi -- sorry if this is a FAQ, but are there any conversion utilities
available for Autodesk *.DXF to Amiga *.IFF format?  I
checked the comp.graphics FAQ and a number of sites, but so far
no banana.  Please e-mail.

Thanks.

     _______   Pei Hsieh
    (_)===(_)  e-mail: ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu
      |||||    "There's no such thing as a small job; just small fees."
      |||||                         - anon., on being an architect

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38975
From: sahr@piglet.uccs.edu (Kevin Sahr)
Subject: Looking for polygon "convexifier"

Does anyone know where I can find a code which would take concave
polygons and break them up into a set of convex polygons?

Thanks,

Kevin
sahr@piglet.uccs.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38976
From: rajsnr@IASTATE.EDU (S N Rajesh)
Subject: Looking for a job as a Software Engineer

I am not sure that I am supposed to post this mail here. However
during the last year, while I was involved in developing graphical user
interface (GUI) applications, I have enjoyed being personally part of this
news group wherin I got some interesting information which helped me in my
work. I am posting my resuming hoping that people working in my area would
make time to look at it.
________________________________________________________________________________
_
						304A WestGate Hall,
						ISU, Ames, IA 50011.
						(515) 294 1525
						April 29, 1992.

Dear Prospective Employer:

I am seeking employment as a software engineer with interests in software
design and development, in which I can utilize my experience in hardware, 
C & C++ programming, graphical user interface (GUI), operating systems and
computer networking.

I received my Bachelors of Engineering (BE) degree in Electronics
Engineering in 1990 and a M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering in Dec 1992 
from Iowa State University. Currently I am enrolled in a M.S. in Computer
Engineering at Iowa State University.

During my Masters program, as a research assistant since Jan 1991, I have
published three papers including one in the IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.
These papers are a reflection of the quality of my research and my ability
to learn new concepts quickly.

I have been involved in many projects involving software developments and
have extensive experience programming in C, C++, Fortran and Assembly Level. 
I am also familiar with operating systems like Unix, Ultrix and MS-DOS.
I am familiar with Motif/X programming and currently, as a research assistant,
am involved in graphical user interface (GUI) design using the multiplatform 
GUI toolkit XVT++. My experiences also include areas such as operating systems
and computer networks, through course work and projects. I was involved in the
study of the design and development of the internals of the XINU operating
system. I have also been involved in many TCP/IP programming projects in
computer networking.

While in college I learnt the importance of clear and concise communication.
I have also learned a lot about time management. In my M.S. program I
have maintained a 3.70 grade average, worked 20 hours per week and
have enjoyed being involved in many other extra curricular activities.

My software experiences along with my hardware background (Electronics
Engineering) would be very helpful in my career goals as a software engineer.
I request that my qualifications may kindly be reviewed. I would like to
have an interview to discuss your employment needs and my career goals. 
I am eager to hear from you soon.


Sincerely

S.N. Rajesh (rajsnr@iastate.edu)

...........................................................................
				RESUME
...........................................................................

			     S. N. RAJESH
		          __________________

    Work		                             Residence
305 Coover ISU,					304A WestGate hall, ISU
Ames, IA 50011    				Ames, IA 50011
               					(515) 294-1525

        	      E-mail: rajsnr@iastate.edu

OBJECTIVE	To obtain a challenging position as a Software Engineer 
		involving software design and development, in which I can
		utilize my experience in hardware, C & C++ programming, 
		graphical user interface (GUI), operating systems and 
		computer networking.

EDUCATION	Currently enrolled in a M.S. in Computer Engineering, Iowa state
		University, Ames, Iowa 50011.	

		M.S. in Electrical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, 
		Iowa 50011 (Dec 1992)   	GPA	Major: 3.8/4.0
							Overall: 3.7/4.0.	
		Thesis: Probability of Detection (POD) Models for Eddy Current
		Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods. 
		(Project Funded by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA))

		B.E. in Electronics Engineering, Bangalore University,
 		Bangalore, India (Jan 1990).

PUBLICATIONS	S. N. Rajesh, L. Udpa and S. S. Udpa, "Numerical Model Based
		Approach for Estimating Probability of Detection in NDE 
		applications", IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 29,
		No. 2, March 1993. 

		S. N. Rajesh, L. Udpa and S. S. Udpa, "Estimation of 
                Eddy Current Probability  of Detection using 3D Finite Element
		Model", presented at the 19th Annual review of Progress in
		Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Conferance, San Diego,
		California (Jul 1992)

		S. N. Rajesh, L. Udpa, S. S. Udpa and N. Nakagawa, "Probability
                of Detection Models for Eddy Current NDE Methods", Presented at
                the 18th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative
                Nondestructive Evaluation Conferance, Brunswick, ME (Jul 1991)

RELEVANT * Implemention of Operating Systems * Electronic Devices and Circuits
COURSE     * Computer Network Architecture     * Pulse and Digital Circuits
WORK       * Advanced Computer Communications  * Artificial Neural Networks
           * Introduction to Supercomputing    * Pattern Recognition
           * Microprocessors and Computer      * Digital Image Processing
	     Organization                      * Digital Signal Processing
           * Computer Technology and           * Integrated Circuits and Design
	     Programming

PROJECTS	* Implementation of the fork system call on the Xinu operating
		  system. Also involved in the implementation of a CPU
		  scheduling algorithm taking into consideration the aging
		  of processes. This project involved the study of the design
		  and development of the internals of the Xinu operating system.
		* Design and development of an interrupt driven keyboard driver.
		  This project involved a thorough understanding of device 
		  drivers.
		* Design and development of a Unix like tree structured 
		  directory which allows the creation of subdirectories and
		  organization of files accordingly. This project included the
		  implementation of routines such as mkdir, rmdir, cd, ls and
		  rm to support the directory structure.
		* Analysis of methods of congestion control in computer
                  networks.
                * Implementation of the Bellman-Ford routing algorithm for a
                  distributed network. The communication between network nodes
                  was based on UDP. This project involved programming in C++.
		* Simulation of the various digital logic functional units 
		  starting from the basic gates to registers, counters, adders,
		  multipliers, arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and so on. The
		  project involved extensive C programming in an Unix
		  environment.

WORK		Research Assistant, Center for NDE, Iowa State University, Ames,
EXPERIENCE	IA 50011 (Aug 1992-Present)
                * Work involves development of applications using graphical
                  user interface (GUI) toolkits. Familiar with programming in
                  a Motif/X environment. More recent work involves development
                  of multiplatform GUI applications, in C++, using the portable
		  GUI toolkit XVT++.
                  (This project is supported by NIST (National Institute of
                   Standards and Technology)).

		Research Assistant, Center for NDE, Iowa State University, Ames,
		IA 50011 (Jan 1991-Aug 1992)
		* Work involved developing software for modeling electromagnetic
		  NDE techniques such as the eddy current method. It also
		  involved optimization of the code on the parallel computer
		  Cray YMP.
		  (This project was supported by FAA and involved working in
		   close contact with the aircraft industry (Boeing)).

		Trainee Engineer, Indian Telephone Industries, Bangalore India.
		* Work involved design and development of a microprocessor
		  (8085) based programmable telephone dialler used in cordless 
		  telephones. Involved programming of a 8085 microprocessor 
		  to control the pulsing actions of the relays in a telephone 
		  circuit (Jan-Nov 1989).

COMPUTER	Languages: C, C++, Fortran, Assembly Level.
SKILLS		Software: Motif/X, XVT, Computer Graphics (Hoops), TCP/IP 
			  programming, Image Processing Utilities, SDRC-Ideas, 		  		  Autocad.
		Operating Systems: Unix, Stellix, Ultrix, MS-DOS.
		Systems: DEC Series, HP and Sun Workstations, Macintosh, 
			 Stellar.
		Parallel Systems: Cray YMP, IBM 3090J, MasPar, N-Cube.

HONOURS AND 	* Iowa State University Graduate College Scholarship 
ACTIVITIES     	  (Jan 1991-Present)
		* Ranked 42 out of over 20,000 students in Bachelors of
		  Engineering Entrance Examination ensuring full
		  scholarship, from the state, to pursue my Bachelors's degree.
		* Current member of IEEE

REFERENCES	Available upon request.
	


		






 



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38977
From: ez019654@othello.ucdavis.edu (Victoria Milliron)
Subject: Intel's PCI standard???

       I read a mesg. somewhere on GENIE about Intel coming out with a 
graphics standard called PCI, which would supplant VESA standards.  Is
this a rumor, or is there some substance to it. If any of y'all have
heard of this "standard" please e-mail me on how I might obtain more info

Thanks in Advance
vamilliron@othello.ucd.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38978
From: rkummer@phillip.edu.au
Subject: POV-Ray for VAX computer?????????

Hi there,
        I'm using POv-Ray on my IBM compatible at home, but I would like to 
run some things at work on our VAX computer. I believe there is a version 
of the source code for POV-ray that is VAX specific, but I'm not sure where 
to find it (I've looked at the several sites where the IBMPC version of it 
can be found). Can anyone help me?

Thanks in advance,

Ross Kummer
RMIT,Melbourne,  Australia
Internet address, RKUMMER@PHILLIP.EDU.AU
(no clever signoff yet, too busy playing with POV-ray)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38979
From: brad@utkvx.utk.edu (Lemings, Eric Bradley)
Subject: GWS

Anybody know where I can get Graphics Work Shop?

brad@utkvx.utk.edu 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38980
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: XV problems

In article <1993Apr29.201420.19271@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:
>
>In article <1rohjc$avt@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia
>Juhana) writes:
>
>>I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
>>with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
>>process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.
>>This makes sense, because the main use of XV is only viewing images.
>>
>>Doing many changes to image, we should keep all modifications
>>in a buffer; and then before making the operations to 24bit image,
>>we should simplify the operation list for unnecessary operations.
>>
>Think about what you are saying here. The 24 bit image is quantised down to 8
>bits so many 'similar' colours are mapped onto a single palette colour. This
>colour gets modified in fairly arbitrary ways. You then want to apply these
>modifications back to the 24 bit file, so you have to find which
>colours mapped to this one palette colour.

I suppose you don't know what about we have discussed.
We discussed about error(s) in XV 2.21 which shows images only as 8bit,
and my suggestion above works perfectly with it.

So far I have seen a colormap editing window in XV -- that is, there
must be a colormap anyway. The problems you present are exist anyway,
and I didn't tried to solve them at all, because I would not make such
problems to my programs in the first place.

Gamma and color corrections are easily done to 24bit image
as I presented. There's no need make tricks from 8bit/quantized image
back to 24 bit image.


>>>How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How
>>>would you group 'related' colours to edit them together? Only global
>>>changes could be done unless the software were very different and
>>>much more complicated.

Ok, you're writing about situation that user want edit images as 24bit
and user want edit individual colors -- your questions, by the way,
jumps off the discussion a bit.

My solution doesn't work, because there's no colormap withing real 24bit
image -- you see, user see 24bit image; going back to 8bit is silly.


About changing individual colors in 8bit/quantized/rasterized image:
changing individual colors in colormap is useless in most
cases if the image is quantized and rasterized -- small change may
make serious errors to anywhere in the image.
XV allows this feature, but I don't recommend to use it with the
mentioned type images.

Moreover, XV is not a paint program; you can only make those global
changes. In full 24bit XV, changing individual colors sounds like
paint program job.
If person have 8bit screen, there's need for tricks to get the
original 24bit image modified. Because user don't see full 24bit
image, there's need to make approximations and it is not possible to
modify individual colors but individual pixels or pixel groups (if
image is rasterized). To select indiavidual color, there could be 7x7
cursor window which shows true color image in cursor window area --
selecting individual color is possible from that.

Ok, I don't have thought very much 24bit painting programs, never seen
such in good view and are not planned to make such. Not to mention
24bit painting program in 8bit screen...


>Yes again. What *is* (was?) wrong with xv?

It saved 8bit/quantized/rasterized images as 24bit jpegs; jpeg is not
designed for that.
Also, human expect that 24bit will be saved as 24bit image; say,
person would like to crop part of the image and save it, then it is
expected that the image still is the same. So, XV were designed
without thinking about human interface and how human expect the
program work -- design error.

I have heard XV were designed first for 8bit images/files, but
it were not good idea to take full 24bit images without making
major change to the original design.

So, even all screen images are 8bit, the processed images and saved
images could have been 24bit very easily, instead of 8bit.

Before anybody will make a note: yes, I may as well make a lift where
'up' means that the lift goes down and 'down' means that the lift goes
up, and put a note on this design solution to the manuals -- however,
even the manuals tells the correct situation, it doesn't solve the problem.
(Americans: the lift is just an example :)


Well, my text may be a bit hard reading, hopefully you suggeeded to
read it.


Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38981
From: ricky@vnet.ibm.com (Rick Turner)
Subject: Re: raw2gif ?

You can use PBM's 'rawtopgm' to convert three raw (r, g, b) files to pgm format. Then you can use pgm3toppm to convert the pgm files to a composite ppm file,
and feed this to cjpeg for compression. Slow, and circuitous, but it will
work.

Rick

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38982
From: finn@bsc.no (Finn Chr. Lundbo)
Subject: Re: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

In article <1993Apr30.011157.12995@news.columbia.edu> ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Pei Hsieh) writes:
>Hi -- sorry if this is a FAQ, but are there any conversion utilities
>available for Autodesk *.DXF to Amiga *.IFF format?  I
>checked the comp.graphics FAQ and a number of sites, but so far
>no banana.  Please e-mail.
>
>Thanks.
>
>     _______   Pei Hsieh
>    (_)===(_)  e-mail: ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu
>      |||||    "There's no such thing as a small job; just small fees."
>      |||||                         - anon., on being an architect

Hei Pei.

I can not help you directly width you problem, but there may be
intermediate roads to take to get to the IFF. I am using a converter
that can take IGES, IIF, DXF -> IGES, MILESPEC I IGES, MILESPEC II IGES, 
IIF, MILESPEC I IIF, MILESPEC II IIF  and DXF.

IIF is IBM IGES FORMAT. There may be converters out there that can handle
IGES to IFF. Hope this was to any help. By the way the converter is part
of the IGES Processor/6000 package from IBM and it runs on RS/6000 AIX.

Best regard
Finn Chr. Lundbo
IBM Bergen Environmental Sciences
& Solutions Centre.
E-mail: finn@bsc.no


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38983
From: wolfram@rbg.informatik.th-darmstadt.de (Wolfram Kresse)
Subject: XV for DOS: what's the problem?

I downloaded the file xv221exe.zip from the site someone posted here.
It contained the files:
  CJPEG.EXE
  DJPEG.EXE
  XV.EXE

When I tried to run it, it just said 
"Couldn't run go32.exe"
and halts.

What's the matter with this? 
Are there some files missing in the .zip?
What is go32.exe?

any help appreciated.

bye,

Wolfram

--

+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
|       |Wolfram Kresse * E-Mail: wolfram@rbg.informatik.th-darmstadt.de|
|  ~ ~  +--------------------------+---------------+--------------------+
|  + +  |"Meeneemeeneemeenee"      |CU l8r, LE g8r!|
|   I   |"Yes,that's right,Tweeky."+---------------+
| _____ +-----+----+---------------+
|     U | 8^) | =) |
+-------+-----+----+


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38984
From: fechter@enzian.gris.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de (Juergen Fechter)
Subject: Alpha Kubota Graphic vs. SGI


Who has experience with porting a GL-program to an Alpha APX  
workstation with Kubota's Denali 3D-Graphic.
Is there any problems?
Is the real graphic-performance like a SGI R4000 Indigo XS24Z?


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Juergen Fechter                       | Universitaet Tuebingen, WSI/GRIS  |
| Office: [+49/0] (7071) 29-5464        | Auf der Morgenstelle 10, C9       |
| Fax:    [+49/0] (7071) 29-5466        | W-7400 Tuebingen, Germany         |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| email:  fechter@gris.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de                          |
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38985
Subject: Re: TIFF complexity
From: johnl@iecc.cambridge.ma.us (John R. Levine)

In article <9304271755.AA23355@enet-gw.pa.dec.com> you write:
>Anyone who thinks that TIFF is too complex hasn't dealt with
>CGM, ASN.1, CDA, DCA, SGML, or any one of a number of other
>very successful file format.  People seem perfectly capable
>dealing with these others.

Well, yeah, but unlike TIFF they all do substantially more than encode
rectangular bitmaps.  And the others are hardly trouble free.  I hear that
it is quite common for CGM implementations not to interoperate.

The annoying thing about TIFF is that is that along with the 50 useful
options, there are 100 stupid options.  The most egregious example is that
rather than picking a byte order and bit order and using it consistently
in all TIFF files, byte and bit order are options and all TIFF readers on
all machines, no matter what their natural byte order, have to be prepared
to do byte swapping.  There are four slightly different FAX formats --
again, any one of them would have been adequate.  RGB images can be stored
by pixel or by component, complexity without function, etc, etc.  I also
note that the TIFF doc says that Aldus' experiments show that LZW reliably
compresses as well or better than any of the FAX formats, suggesting that
none of the FAX formats are really useful.

What's worse, a lot of the formats aren't even implemented very well,
e.g., LZW limits code words to 12 bits, while 14 or 16 bits would have
provided substantially better compression.  And the LZW method compresses
bytes rather than pixels.

But the absolute worst thing about TIFF is that any vendor can register
proprietary TIFF codes and formats without even publicly documenting them.
This means that there is NO WAY to write a TIFF reader that can reliably
read all incoming TIFF files.  Some standard.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@iecc.cambridge.ma.us, {spdcc|ima|world}!iecc!johnl

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38986
From: jliddle@rs6000.cmp.ilstu.edu (Jean Liddle)
Subject: Re: HELP: Need 24 bits viewer

In article <1993Apr29.041601.8884@labtam.labtam.oz.au> graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.a
u (Graeme Gill) writes:
>In article <5713@seti.inria.fr>, deniaud@cartoon.inria.fr (Gilles Deniaud) writ
es:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I'm looking for a program which is able to display 24 bits
>> images. We are using a Sun Sparc equipped with Parallax
>> graphics board running X11.
>
>    xli, xloadimage or ImageMagick - export.lcs.mit.edu [18.24.0.12] /contrib
>

xv 3.0 (shareware) supports 24-bit displays, and has lots of other
improvements over earlier versions.  Definitely worth checking out
(also at export)

Jean.
-- 
Jean Liddle                                 
Computer Science, Illinois State University  
e-mail:  jliddle@ilstu.edu                  
--------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38987
From: mabusj@nason110.its.rpi.edu (Jasen M. Mabus)
Subject: Looking for Brain in CAD

Jasen Mabus
RPI student

	I am looking for a hman brain in any CAD (.dxf,.cad,.iges,.cgm,etc.) or picture (.gif,.jpg,.ras,etc.) format for an animation demonstration. If any has or knows of a location please reply by e-mail to mabusj@rpi.edu.

Thank you in advance,
Jasen Mabus  

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38988
From: rued@daimi.aau.dk (Thomas Rued J|rgensen)
Subject: .SCI files and .SCO files

Hello there!

A week ago a guy asked what a .SCO file was - well I researched a bit and foundout that it is just another RIX file. .SCI files are 320x200 files and .SCO files are 1024x768 files! alle the other formats (800x600, 640x480...) are also called something like .SC(character).

regards 
rued


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38989
From: gzc@mserv1.dl.ac.uk (G. Coulter,office,extension,homephone)
Subject: Re: REAL-3D

In article 2965@vall.dsv.su.se, matt-dah@dsv.su.se (Mattias Dahlberg) writes:
>Rauno Haapaniemi (raunoh@otol.fi) wrote:
>
>> Earlier today I read an ad for REAL-3D animation & ray-tracing software
>> and it looked very convincing to me.
>
>Yes, it looks like very good indeed.
>
>> However, I don't own an Amiga and so I began to wonder, if there's a PC
>> version of it.
>
>Nope.


	Did I not hear that there maybe some ports of Real3D Version2
   	in the pipeline somewhere, Possibly Unix. Not too sure though
        please put me straight.

        -Gary- WORK    : SERC Daresbury Lab.
               INTERNET: G.Coulter@Daresbury.AC.UK
               UNI     : Staffordshire University
               HARDWARE: A2000/000/20 & A4000/040/120
>
>--
>=========================================================
>=  Regards  =  email:              =  1280x512x262000+  = 
>=  Mattias  =  matt-dah@dsv.su.se  =  I love it.        =
>=========================================================





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38990
From: holzapfe@jocki.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Roland Holzapfel)
Subject: Re: Tom Gaskins Pexlib vs Phigs Programming Manuals (O'Reilly)


In article <1rb22k$l7v@neuro.usc.edu>, merlin@neuro.usc.edu (merlin) writes:
|> Could someone explain the difference between Tom Gaskins' two books:
|> 
|>   o  PEXLIB Programming Manual
|>   o  PHIGS Programming Manual
|> 
|> Why would I want to buy one book vs the other book?  I have an 80386

PEXLIB and PHIGS (as it comes from MIT with PEX and as is explained in the
PHIGS Programming Manual) are just different API's for the PEX protocol,
which is an extension to the X protocol.

So it depends on You, what you go to use.

Advantage of Phigs is the protability to other platforms (IBM GraPhigs, 
SunPhigs) and the standardized structuring of the 3D objects.

Advantage of PEXlib is the sometimes faster and easier programming for
immediate mode graphics, because PEX is not an exactly mapping of Phigs
to a Prortocol.

-- 
       \|/
      (o o)
 -oOO--(_)--OOo--------------------------------------------------------
  \\    Roland Holzapfel       Computer     email:                   //
   \\   Wilhelminenstrasse 7   Graphics       holzapfe@igd.fhg.de   //
   //   6100 Darmstadt          Center      phone:                  \\
  //    Germany                 (ZGDV)        ++49 6151 155150       \\
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  >>             This space intentionally left blank                 <<
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38991
From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Subject: Re: Intel's PCI standard???


vamilliron:  Yes, Intel's PCI is (another) Local Bus standard, which
can be used for graphics, although I believe Local Buses can be used
for other things, too.  As far as I know, though, PCI Local Bus 
would compete with VESA Local Bus, not the VESA graphics standard, but
others more enlightened might be able to shed more light on this
matter.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38992
From: kknudsen@vyasa.helios.nd.edu (keith knudsen)
Subject: Wanted: Shareware graphics display program for DOS.


I need a graphics display program that can take as a parameter the name of
the file to be displayed, then just display that image and then quit.

All of the other graphics display programs come up with a menu first or some
other silliness.

This program is going to be run from within another program.  I have lots of
memory and VGA color.  Any graphics format will do.  Has anyone heard of such
a beast?

					Keith

--
Keith Knudsen
Notre Dame, IN

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38993
From: torb@mack.uit.no (Tor Berger)
Subject: 8th SCIA

               Invitation to the 8th SCIA

The 8th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis will be
arranged by the Norwegian Society for Image Processing and
Pattern Recognition (NOBIM) and sponsored by the International
Association for Pattern Recognition (IAPR). The conference
will be held in Tromsoe from 25th-28th May 1993. Tromsoe,
located at latitude 69 degrees N, is Northern Norway's centre
for administration and education.

About the Programme
The scientific programme runs over four days and includes
6 invited speakers, 29 sessions in three parallel tracks
with 127 contributed papers and 4 poster sessions with 44
contributions. The conference covers the following topics:
  - Image Processing and Analysis
  - Pattern Recognition
  - Computer Vision
  - Parallel Algorithms and Architectures
  - Neural Nets
  - Matching Methods
  - Image Compression
  - Remote Sensing
  - Medical and Biological Applications
  - Industrial Applications

Conference Language
The official language of the conference is English.

Invited Talks and Speakers

Segmentation of Range Images Via Data
Fusion and Morphological Watersheds.
Professor Ralph Gonzalez
University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Object Recognition Using Range Images.
Professor Anil K. Jain
Michigan State University

Experiments in Mobile Robot Navigation and Range Imaging.
Dr. Judd Jones
Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Image Compression.
Professor Tor Ramstad
University of Trondheim

Combining Evidence in Dictionary
Based Probabilistic Relaxation.
Professor J. Kittler
University of Surrey

Matching Methods.
Professor A. Sanfeliu
Polytechnic University of Catalonia

Workshop
In connection with the conference, a workshop on contextual
methods in pattern recognition will be arranged on monday
24th by IAPR TC1. For further information concerning the
workshop contact
Torfinn Taxt, Chairman TC1,
Univ. of Bergen,
N-5000 Bergen,
Norway.
Phone: +47 5 20 63 34
Fax: +47 5 20 63 60
E-mail: Torfinn.Taxt@cc.uib.no

Registration Information
The registration fee is 4000 NOK. The fee covers proceedings, entrance
to all oral and poster sessions, exhibition, lunches and coffee
breaks, get-together party, reception and banquet. Fees for
accompanying persons are presented in the registration form.
All payments must be made payable in Norwegian Kroner (NOK)
by SWIFT to "XIANNOKKTRM" or Bank Giro Service at Bank Account:
6420 05 13353, "SAS Conference FORUT", Christiania Bank og
Kreditkasse (Private cheques will not be accepted.) or by the
following credit cards: VISA,  Mastercard, Eurocard, Diners,
Access, American Express. 
Please note: For payment with SWIFT and Bank Giro Service made
             from abroad, please add banking fee of NOK 60,-.
Please remember to state 8SCIA and your name on all money
transfers!

Registration and Information
The Conference Secretariat will be available all four days of
the conference for registration and information
May 24th, 1600:2000, in the SAS Hotel.
May 25th-28th,       at the University.

Exhibition
An exhibition of relevant literature will be arranged.
Publishers are invited to exhibit their products. A visit
to local companies and institutions involved in the field
(mostly remote sensing) will be arranged.

Accommodation
Reservation for hotel accommodation can be made on the
registration form. The 8SCIA Conference Secretariat at
SAS Luftreisebyraa, att. Bodil Lauritsen, will provide
hotel accommodation for the participants.

Social Events
Monday, May 24th:
Get-together party. (included in the conference fee for
delegates, NOK 150,- for accompanying persons)

Tuesday, May 25th
Fishing trip. The tour will last for 5-6 hours and hopefully
the midnight sun will visit us. On board the boat there will
be music, food and drink by choice. We bring fishing rods and
it will be possible to have our own fish prepared on board.
(NOK 400,-)
Spouse programme: Visit by cable car to Storsteinen 420 meters
above sea level, visit to the Arctic Cathedral, and visit to
Tromsoe Museum. (NOK 205,-) 

Wednesday, May 26th
Due to the cancellation of the Svalbard flight we will arrange
a visit to the "Beerhall". (NOK 350,- including beer and food.)
Spouse programme: Visit to a fishfarm in the surroundings of
Tromsoe. (NOK 170,-)

Thursday, May 27th
Banquet. (Included in the conference fee for delegates,
accompanying persons NOK 500,- )
Spouse programme: Visit to the Northern Lights Planetarium and
the Polar Museum. (NOK 180,-)
The spouse programs need a minimum of 15 participants to be
arranged.

Post conference tours with visit to Lyngen or Finnmark and
Norh Cape will also be arranged. For more information about
the social program and the post conference tours see the
registration form and information included with the
registration form.

Weather and Dress
The weather in Tromsoe in late May can be everything from
24 hour sunshine with a maximum temperature of 20 degrees Celsius
to snowstorms with temperatures below freezing. It is
therefore recommended to bring some warmer clothes.

Local Information
The population is approximately 50 000. In Tromsoe you can take
part in many activities from mountaineering in the midnight
sun to late night fun in international restaurants and bars.
An afternoon local beer in the Beerhall of the world's
northernmost brewery is also recommended.

The 8th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis (8SCIA) will
be held at the university campus at the world's northernmost
university. There will be conference buses going to the campus
from within walking distances of all the hotels. More detailed
information about the locations and transport will be available
at the conference hotels.

Travel Information
Tromsoe Airport at Langnes is only 7-8 minutes drive from the
centre of Tromsoe. The travelling distance from Oslo is 1 hr
40 minutes. SAS Conference Support Tromsoe offers airticket
services for the conference. In addition to all standard terms
full and reduced fare tickets from Europe and overseas,
(reduced fares require that you stay in Scandinavia the night
between Saturday and Sunday), we can offer additional conference
fares for SAS flights from SAS destinations within Scandinavia,
and reduced fares on Norwegian domestic flights. If you want to
make use of this service please contact Bodil Lauritsen at the
Conference Secretariat.

Conference Secretariat
   SAS Luftreisebyraa Tromsoe
   Att.: Bodil Lauritsen
   P. O Box 437
   N-9001 Tromsoe
   Norway
   Phone: +47 83 10 700
   Fax: +47 83 10 701

Note that reduced airticket fares can not be obtained on flights to 
Scandinavia if you don't stay the night between Saturday and Sunday 
(in front of or after the conference). On the other hand you don't have
to stay that night in Tromso to obtain reduced fares within Scandinavia
(SAS flights).

<------------------------------- cut here ------------------------------>

                           REGISTRATION FORM
          The 8'th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis
                Tromso, Norway, May 25th-28th 1993

Please use block letters or type, and fill in one form for each parti-
cipant. Completed registration form for accompanying person is to be
attached to the registration form of the delegate.
                                                              Mr  <>
                                                              Mrs <>

First name and surname:.............................................

Company/Institution:................................................

Title:..................

Mailing address:...................................................

Postal code/Country:...............................................

Telephone:....................Telefax:.............................

Delegate: <>  Accompanying person: <>  (please tick for right category)
     
Workshop on contextual methods in pattern recognition,
                                     Monday, May 24th: <>

Conference fee, delegates:                          NOK 4000,-  ->

Social events  (please tick for participating!)
<> Get-together Party, Monday 24th
   (Included in the conference fee for delegates)
   Accompanying person                              NOK  150,-  -> 
<> Spouse Programme, Tuesday, May 25th  *           NOK  205,-  ->
<> Spouse Programme, Wednesday, May 26th  *         NOK  170,-  ->
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Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38994
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: POV-Ray for VAX computer?????????



Get the generic version (for Unix and VMS) and build it. IMHO a
VMS .com file to build it is supplied.
As the distribution comes as .tar.Z you should either have uncompress
and tar on VMS or a UNIX flavoured machine handy.
Usually you won't find this on IBM-PC specific archives, but on the better
ones :)

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38995
From: beck@irzr17.inf.tu-dresden.de (Andre Beck)
Subject: Re: XV problems


Oops, what the hell a crosspost is this ?!

Have a look onto XV-3.00 before saying anything more about it's power.

--
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+
| o |                \\\-  Brain Inside -///                       | o |
| o |                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                           | o |
| o | Andre' Beck (ABPSoft) mehl: Andre_Beck@IRS.Inf.TU-Dresden.de | o |
+-o-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-o-+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38996
From: ddunlavy@casbah.acns.nwu.edu (Daniel Dunlavy)
Subject: Picture -> Ascii Conversion?

I was wondering if anyone has ever seen/heard of a utility that converts
any type of image format (gif,tiff,pcx,bmp,jpeg,etc.) to an ascii
representation.  I have seen some very sophiticated art in ascii format, but
never was I able to find the author or any program that may have converted
the data from a picture format.

Any help or leads would be great. Thanks in advance.
Danny Dunlavy

ddunlavy@casbah.acns.nwu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38997
From: harvey@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Betty Harvey)
Subject: Re: Arts&Letters Graphics Editor

In comp.graphics, menchett@dws012.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti) writes:
>Does anyone on this group use this program? It stacks up pretty well to
>Corel Draw, and since I don't have a CDROM, it was the best buy...
>
>Maybe someone would be interested in trading tips and tricks?

Yes, I have both Arts & Letters and CorelDraw.  I personally like
Arts & Letters better but there are things I like about Arts & Letters
that CorelDraw doesn't do an vice-versa.  I haven't found the perfect
graphics program that does everything yet.  

My favorite feature from CorelDraw is that it imports alot of different
formats.  Arts & Letters does not.  I like the thousands of clipart
available with Arts & Letters.  However, I do find looking them up
in a book and referencing them by number to be annoying.

One of my major problems is that there isn't any programs available on
the market for the artistically deprived :-).  

/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/
Betty Harvey  <harvey@oasys.dt.navy.mil>     | David Taylor Model Basin
ADP, Networking and Communication Assessment | Carderock Division
     Branch                                  | Naval Surface Warfare
Code 1221                                    |   Center
Bethesda, Md.  20084-5000                    | DTMB,CD,NSWC   
                                             |   
(301)227-3379   FAX (301)227-3343            |          
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\\/\/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38998
From: jdryburn@smt_6.b21.ingr.com (Joe Ryburn)
Subject: Software Development Libs for Old TARGA-16 Boards

I am revamping some computer-aided visual inspection systems which
use the old AT&T Targa-16 Board Set (2 cards) to display images from
a color CCD camera to a color monitor, providing the option to overlay
text or a crosshair. No image capture or manipulation is performed, 
just display. I would like to know if there is still a source for 
development libraries which would allow me to embed commands in my
own software to enable the camera, draw crosshairs, print text, etc.
I'll be glad to pay if they are commercially available. E-Mail if
possible.

-- 


----------------------------------------------------------------
Joe Ryburn |  CIM Manager               | Intergraph Corporation
           |  Manufacturing Integration | Huntsville, AL 35894
----------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 38999
From: roy@mchip00.med.nyu.edu (Roy Smith)
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

olson@anchor.esd.sgi.com (Dave Olson) writes:
> But surely you don't expect a system you buy now for a five year
> period to be constantly upgradable over that entire five year period?

	What's sort of interesting about this whole thread is just how much
it has in common with similar threads in groups dealing with other vendor's
hardware.  I currently deal basically with hardware from 3 vendors - Apple,
DEC, and SGI - and thus tend to monitor the groups about those vendor's
hardware.  Currently, it seems like SGI customers are pissed at SGI about
dropping support for the Personal Iris, DEC customers are pissed at DEC for
dropping MIPS support in favor of the new Alpha boxes, and Apple customers
seem to get pissed every time a new Mac is introduced that's faster and
cheaper than the one they just bought.  When I used to be a Sun customer
years ago, I remember people being pissed at Sun for leaving their 386
and 680x0 customers out in the cold when Sparc came along.

	What's really interesting is that from what I can tell, the MIS
folks in the basement with their ES/9000 don't seem to be pissed at IBM.
Why?  I have no idea.  Either IBM really does take care of their customers
better, or they just have their customers brainwashed better than the
smaller vendors do.
-- 
Roy Smith <roy@nyu.edu>
Hippocrates Project, Department of Microbiology, Coles 202
NYU School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
"This never happened to Bart Simpson."

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39000
From: mike@nx03.mik.uky.edu (Mike Mattone)
Subject: LCD VGA display

Please help.

I have an IBM-compatible notebook computer with an LCD VGA screen.  While I
was working with it this morning, the screen started to flicker a little,
which I thought was odd since I do use a surge-protector for my computer and
all peripherals.  It only did this for a second and then stopped.

I left the room for several minutes and, when I returned, the screen was
completely dim, not blank, but very very dim.  The contrast slider still
worked so that I could adjust it to where I could *faintly* make out what
was on the screen but the brightness slider had absolutely *no* effect.

I was plugged-in at the time (i.e., not using the battery) but I still
tried switching the battery, changing the power-saver features, etc., etc.,
all to no avail.

Has anyone else experienced anything like this?  If this just means that I
need to replace the screen then I guess I'll have to but I thought that the
"death" of my LCD screen would be a little less dramatic when it eventually
happened.  I didn't want to take it in to be repaired before I asked on the
net about this because I already know what they'll say: "Yep, you gotta have
this replaced and it's gonna cost you $???."

I've only had the computer for about 21 months.  Is that a reasonable life
cycle for a LCD display?  Oh, I guess I ought to give specifics here: the
brand is Compudyne (Is this a reputable company?), it's a 386SX @ 20 MHz.
I forget the model number exactly and I was too ticked off to write it down
before coming in to work today.

If anyone can help me, PLEASE give me any advice you might have.  I'm not
opposed to having it replaced, but I'd rather not if it's not absolutely
necessary.  If you wouldn't mind, please e-mail me at mike@mik.uky.edu
but if you'd rather post I'll be checking back here in a couple of days.

BTW, if the answer to this question is already in a FAQ somewhere, feel
free to flame away but I would ask that you also include the location and
name of the FAQ if you don't mind.

Thanks in advance for any help...

-Mike Mattone
(mike@mik.uky.edu) 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39001
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Re: SGI sales practices (Was: Crimson (Was: Kubota Announcement?))

In article <1rr6c3$9u3@calvin.NYU.EDU>, roy@mchip00.med.nyu.edu (Roy Smith) writes:
|>	What's really interesting is that from what I can tell, the MIS
|>folks in the basement with their ES/9000 don't seem to be pissed at IBM.
|>Why?  I have no idea.  Either IBM really does take care of their customers
|>better, or they just have their customers brainwashed better than the
|>smaller vendors do.

No, MIS folks have infinite budgets of death, and they also get parts
of their budget allocated "upgrades", "maintenance", and "new purchases",
and a lot of IBM mainframe purchases are actually "leases" and so
is the software.

Basically, the engineers who have tight budgets, i.e. the coders and
designers of a company, bitch and moan when they drop 15,000 on a 
Sparc 1 only to see a faster machine appear a year later.  MIS types
upgrade once every 5-10 years, and their costs are amortized and
depreciated over a longer period, and the budget office justifies
the expense because they actually use the machines for accounting,
payroll, etc.

Now, if the budget office was dependant on the engineers for some
reason like payroll and accounts, you'd sure as hell see every
engineer with a new Cray on his desktop every year. :-)

Brian


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39002
From: quartz@tunica.eel.ufl.edu (Bill Devore)
Subject: fractel trees

I'm working on my senior project here at UF (florida). The project requires fractel trees. I'm interested in either psuedo or real code; just about anything will help.

Perhaps some good books on the subject could help too.

	mail will reach at: quartz@iriquois.eel.ufl.edu

	Thanks Bill Devore

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39003
From: lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley)
Subject: Oh make up your mind!! (was: Re: XV problems)


In article <1rqisi$rhj@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana) writes:

>In article <1993Apr29.201420.19271@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
>C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:

>>In article <1rohjc$avt@cc.tut.fi>, jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia
>>Juhana) writes:

>>>I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
>>>with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
>>>process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.
>>>This makes sense, because the main use of XV is only viewing images.

>>>Doing many changes to image, we should keep all modifications
>>>in a buffer; and then before making the operations to 24bit image,
>>>we should simplify the operation list for unnecessary operations.

>>Think about what you are saying here. The 24 bit image is quantised down to 8
>>bits so many 'similar' colours are mapped onto a single palette colour. This
>>colour gets modified in fairly arbitrary ways. You then want to apply these
>>modifications back to the 24 bit file, so you have to find which
>>colours mapped to this one palette colour.

>I suppose you don't know what about we have discussed.
>We discussed about error(s) in XV 2.21 which shows images only as 8bit,
>and my suggestion above works perfectly with it.

Look be consistent. First you post something that seems to suggest that you see
xv being an 8 bit program as some sort of error. 
So I post and asy it is not a bug, it is meant to be like that. 
So you post and say it is not a bug, you never said it was, I have misunderstood
etc.
Now you are saying:

>We discussed about error(s) in XV 2.21 which shows images only as 8bit,

If you would make up your mind what you are claiming it would make the
discussion a *lot* easier.

----------------

>So far I have seen a colormap editing window in XV -- that is, there
>must be a colormap anyway. The problems you present are exist anyway,
>and I didn't tried to solve them at all, because I would not make such
>problems to my programs in the first place.

Eh? Sorry, I don't understand what you are saying here. I am aware that English is
not your native language and have tried hard to fathom your meaning, but this
paragraph defeats me.

>Gamma and color corrections are easily done to 24bit image
>as I presented. There's no need make tricks from 8bit/quantized image
>back to 24 bit image.

Yes *as I originally said*, global changes are easily possible.

But this statement contradicts what you said earlier: 

>>>I wrote something about making color modifications quickly
>>>with 8bit quantized images and only at the saving the image to file
>>>process we have to make the modifications to the 24bit image.

---------------

>>>>How would you suggest doing colour editing on a 24 bit file? How
>>>>would you group 'related' colours to edit them together? Only global
>>>>changes could be done unless the software were very different and
>>>>much more complicated.

>Ok, you're writing about situation that user want edit images as 24bit
>and user want edit individual colors -- your questions, by the way,
>jumps off the discussion a bit.

No I don't think so actually. 

You were talking about loading a 24 bit image into xv (by quantising),
manipulating the colours in the colour editor, then somewhow applying these
changes to the 24 bit file when you exit xv. Xv lets you edit individual
colours. Where is this sudden jumping off the topic?

>My solution doesn't work, because there's no colormap withing real 24bit
>image 

Yes I am aware there is no colourmap in a 24 bit file!!

>-- you see, user see 24bit image; going back to 8bit is silly.

I do not understand what this statement is supposed to mean.

>About changing individual colors in 8bit/quantized/rasterized image:
>changing individual colors in colormap is useless in most
>cases if the image is quantized and rasterized -- small change may
>make serious errors to anywhere in the image.

???
What are you saying
???

>XV allows this feature, but I don't recommend to use it with the
>mentioned type images.

Ah! now we see thew problem! First you want to extend xv to allow editing of 8
bit previews of 24 bit images. Then I point out problems with this. Now you are
saying there is no problem because you, personally, happen not to use those
parts of the program that cause the problem!!


>Moreover, XV is not a paint program; you can only make those global
>changes. 

Not sure what you are saying here. Certainly one can make local changes.

>In full 24bit XV, changing individual colors sounds like
>paint program job.
>If person have 8bit screen, there's need for tricks to get the
>original 24bit image modified. Because user don't see full 24bit
>image, there's need to make approximations and it is not possible to
>modify individual colors but individual pixels or pixel groups (if
>image is rasterized). To select indiavidual color, there could be 7x7
>cursor window which shows true color image in cursor window area --
>selecting individual color is possible from that.

Yes that is one possible approach. I would find a program that took such an
approach clumsy, however.

>Ok, I don't have thought very much 24bit painting programs, never seen
>such in good view and are not planned to make such. Not to mention
>24bit painting program in 8bit screen...

Well here we agree - you have not thought it through very much. You don't seem
to have a consistent point to make and contradict yourself from one post to the
next. OK, we all have off days - perhaps you should step back and think this one
through.

>>Yes again. What *is* (was?) wrong with xv?

>It saved 8bit/quantized/rasterized images as 24bit jpegs; jpeg is not
>designed for that.

As I said in the last post, JPEG is a compression algorithm. It is a way of
saving disk space by trading off quality against compression. I fail to see what
the problem is. You have not proposed any workable alternatives.

>Also, human expect that 24bit will be saved as 24bit image; 

Speak for yourself. You are the *only* person I have met or spoken to who,
having quantised a 24 bit image down to 8 bits, expects this process to somehow
reverse when the file is saved; keeping all modificvations that heve been made
to the 8 bit image palette.

Perhaps that is why you yused the singular?

>say,
>person would like to crop part of the image and save it, then it is
>expected that the image still is the same. 

Look, next time you import a 24 bit image into xv look carefully at the main
control panel - it tells you how many colours have been allocated to the 8 bit
image. XV makes it abundantly clear that you are not editing the original 24 bit
file. You are the *only* person who claims this is confusing.

>So, XV were designed
>without thinking about human interface and how human expect the
>program work -- design error.

Is a design error the same as a bug? ;-)

Read my lips. XV is a program for viewing and modifying 8 bit images. It lets
you import other images. It shows, I would say, a good deal of thought about the
human interface. And everyone else seems to use it happily for the purpose it
was designed for. It makes no false claims.

>I have heard XV were designed first for 8bit images/files, but
>it were not good idea to take full 24bit images without making
>major change to the original design.

If you would come up with a solid, logical, well argued and lucid description of
precisely how these proposed extensions would work, feel free to post them. So 
far, you have not done so.

>So, even all screen images are 8bit, the processed images and saved
>images could have been 24bit very easily, instead of 8bit.

Argh!! After all this, a comment like that. `Very easily'. OK, go ahead and code it
if it is so easy.

Or alternatively, look up the terms `import' and 'non-reversible transformation'.

>Before anybody will make a note: yes, I may as well make a lift where
>'up' means that the lift goes down and 'down' means that the lift goes
>up, and put a note on this design solution to the manuals -- however,
>even the manuals tells the correct situation, it doesn't solve the problem.
>(Americans: the lift is just an example :)

I think this is a bit of an exageration.

What you are actually saying is, you got into a lift (elevator, if you are in
the states ;-) ) and mistakenly pressed the down button to go up. Everyone else
had no problem. Now you are trying to sue the manufacturer...

>Well, my text may be a bit hard reading, 

you bet

>hopefully you suggeeded to
>read it.

Mostly. Leaving aside the language issue however, it betrays some very wooly
thinking (as you yourself admit) which is the same in any language. Go think
some more.

--
Chris Lilley
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Author, ITTI Computer Graphics and Visualisation Training Project
Computer Graphics Unit, Manchester Computing Centre, Oxford Road, 
Manchester, UK.  M13 9PL                        Internet: C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk 
Voice: +44 (0)61 275 6045  Fax: +44 (0)61 275 6040 Janet: C.C.Lilley@uk.ac.mcc
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39004
From: hotopp@ami1.bwi.wec.com (Daniel T. Hotopp)
Subject: Drivers for Diamond Viper Card

I've been away for a couple of weeks and have become out of touch with the 
latest information on the Diamond Viper Card.  Does anyone know if Diamond 
has come out with any Vesa Driver updates lately?  Also, I was wondering 
what the latest Windows Driver version is up to now.

				Thanks in advance,
					Dan

 +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | Daniel T. Hotopp               | INTERNET:  hotopp@ami1.bwi.wec.com |
 | Antenna/Microwave/Integration  | (W) Vax :  tron::"hotopp@ami1"     |
 | Westinghouse Electric Corp.    | Voice # :  (410)765-2931           |
 +---------------------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39005
From: edmoore@vcd.hp.com (Ed Moore)
Subject: Re: LCD VGA display

: I've only had the computer for about 21 months.  Is that a reasonable life
: cycle for a LCD display?

My Toshiba T1100+ LCD (CGA, 1986) died in 11 months.  Replaced under the 12
month warranty, fortunately.  When it died, it died instantly and completely.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39006
From: rol@athena.mit.edu (Roland Carel)
Subject: surface/contour plot

ULTRIX/X11R4 to plot surfaces and contour plots from a set of {x,y,z}.
I would really appreciate any hint on the name of such a plotting program
and where to find it.
   Thanks for your help.



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39007
From: svec5@menudo.uh.edu (T.C. Zhao)
Subject: Full Color Image Editor for SGI Workstations


   I am happy to announce the first public release of the bit program,
   an INTERACTIVE, FULL COLOR image viewer and editor based on SGI GL.
   Besides typical touchup tasks, such as crop, rotate, smooth, etc,
   bit offers some unique features not available in similar programs,
   such as text and vector support and the separation of text and image.

   The following is the relevant sections from the man page. 
   -----------------------------------------------------------------

Pre-Release of May, 1993                                       BIT(1L)

NAME
   bit - Bitmap Image Touchup for SGI Workstations

DESCRIPTION
  bit is an interactive full color image viewer and editor based on
  Silicon Graphics GL. As a full color program, bit handles images of both
  24bits and color index in a natural and efficient manner.

  As an image viewer, bit allows list of images to be displayed in their
  original type (24bits or color index) in any order and in any of the
  many built-in styles of display. You can walk up and down the list using
  mouse and keyboard, or you can let bit do the walk for you (The
  SlideShow).  With the pan and zoom features, large images can be viewed
  in full without being limited by the window or screen size.

  As an image editor, bit performs a large number of image editing and
  processing tasks accurately and efficiently. It keeps information loss
  at any stage of the editing process at an absolute minimum by performing
  subpixel sampling automatically while conserving the input image type
  whenever possible to avoid unnecessary promotion and/or quantization of
  input images. You can also cut a piece of an image and paste it into
  another.  In addition, arbitrarily colored and sized text and simple
  geometric figures can be rendered on top of an image for annotation with
  the option to make them part of the bitmap or output separately to take
  advantage of the higher printer resolutions (e.g. PostScript).

  Bit can also be used as a graphical user interface to many existing
  image processing programs by defining external bindings which in essence
  turn command line oriented programs into bit subfunctions and can be
  accessed by a press of a button, and best of all, the processed image
  will be read back and displayed immediately. Convolution using exter-
  nally defined matrices of arbitrary order can be performed dynamically
  giving great flexibility in processing an image.

FEATURES

  Bit performs all of its image manipulations interactively with a
  continuous progress report, and once the processing is complete, 
  the processed image will be displayed.

  Current features include

  o Rotates an image by an arbitrary angle with the option of anti-aliasing
    and filling the "rotated out" region with an arbitrary color.

  o Scales an image by arbitrary factors in x- and/or y-directions with
    the option of subpixel sampling.

  o Renders text of arbitrary color, size or orientation on top of an
    image with the option of rendering directly into the raster or saving
    the text and raster separately, such as into a PostScript file, to
    take advantage of a higher printer resolution. Besides normal text
    strings, many predefined special symbols can be input conveniently as
    in TeX(1), e.g., $\alpha$\small$\beta$ produces Greek alphabet alpha
    followed by a slightly smaller Greek alphabet beta.

  o Presents graphically the histogram of an image.

  o Performs arbitrary 1-to-1 pixel transformation.  The transformation
    function can be specified interactively and can be of arbitrary
    forms. Further, the transformation can be applied to RGB channels
    separately or simultaneously and to the entire image or a portion of
    it. Many difficult tasks, such as thresholding, can be accomplished
    rather easily by 1-to-1 transformation in combination with the avai-
    lability of graphical histograms of the image.

  o Places simple geometric figures (SGFs), e.g., arrows, circles, trian-
    gles etc., of arbitrary color, size and orientation into an image at
    arbitrary locations addressed either in absolute pixels or in some
    user definable coordinate system units, with the option of rendering
    directly into the raster or save the sgfs and raster separately (e.g,
    PostScript file). All SGFs can be scaled in x- and y-directions
    independently or simultaneously (this is how to get an ellipse from a
    circle).

  o Performs edge detection. In combination with image histograms and 1-
    to-1 transformation, very accurate result can be obtained.

  o Performs histogram equalization.

  o Performs convolution with externally defined (square) matrices of
    arbitrary order.

  o Crops a rectangular portion of an image.

  o Cuts and pastes across images.

  o Magnifies any portion of an image by any amount.

  o Displays a list of images in sequence with a user specifiable pause
    interval between images. (SlideShow)

  o Measures RGB intensities of a pixel at any location or all pixels
    along an arbitrary line with the result presented as RGB intensities
    or as an intensity vs. distance plot.

  o Performs image type conversions.

  o Converts image formats.

  o Smoothes an image (Special convolution).

  o Filters an image by external programs and read the filtered image
    back and display it.

  o Modify an individual pixel's RGB values.

  o Performs FFT on the entire image or a portion of it and display the
    resulting power spectra.

  o Spray and brush paint in full color (unavailable in this pre-release).

 SUPPORTED FORMATS
      o  IRIS RGB, native to SGI IRIS
      o  JPEG(JFIF) format
      o  CompuServ GIF
      o  PNM(Portable Any Map), including PPM, PGM and PBM.
      o  XBM (X Window Bitmap)
      o  TIFF
      o  PostScript(Write only)

Hardware requirements:
---------------------------------------------------------------
   Any SGI workstation that supports RGBmode(), including indigoes.

Where to get it:
---------------------------------------------------------------
   anonymous ftp to monte.svec.uh.edu   /pub/bit/bitxxx.tar.Z
   where xxx is the version number. Current version is 0.73

   Read src/01Readme for installation instructions after unpacking

Acknowledgement:
---------------------------------------------------------------
   JPEG support is based on the Independent JPEG groups's library Version 4.
   FORMS library, developed by Mark Overmars, is used for GUI.
   Both JPEG and FORMS library are included in this release.

---------------------------------------------------------------
  Bit is the program you will ever need to view and annotate
  images; The built-in editing features will satisfy most of
  your editing needs. In addition, the external filter and dynamical
  kernel will utilize any program you already have. So try it
  (and you will like it).
  
  As always, any comments/bug reports are welcome.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39008
From: ressler@cougar.jpl.nasa.gov   (Mike Ressler)
Subject: STOP THIS ARGUMENT! XV-3.00 is 24-bit! (was Re: Oh make up your...)

STOP! STOP! STOP! STOP! This argument is getting silly! XV-3.00 now handles
24-bit images without quantizing them. All these arguments are moot, null, 
and void. Please stop quibbling about a now obsolete version of the program.

Besides, you can now generate tons of verbiage about the new shareware
licensing it uses instead ...

Mike
--
     Mike Ressler - Infrared Photon Jockey     ressler@cougar.jpl.nasa.gov
		       ... less science by dead guys ...
  MS-DOS 4.01 -> MS-DOS 4.01 + Windoze -> DR-DOS 6.0 -> OS/2 2.0 -> Linux + X
	 ... finally getting something useful done with my pet 386 ...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39009
From: pbenson@ecst.csuchico.edu (Paul A. Benson)
Subject: GIANT SOFTWARE YARDSALE

SOFTWARE 	RETAIL / SALE  Price

//////GRAPHICS///////// 		 

COREL DRAW 2.0 	300 / 	25 

ALDUS PHOTO STYLER 1.1 	800 / 	100 

IMAGE IN COLOR (2 ) 	800 / 	100 

PHOTO FINISH (3 OF THESE) 	295 /	75 

IMAGE IN SCAN & PAINT 	150 /	20 

IMAGE IN FULL PACK 	300 / 	45 

PICTURE PUBLISHER 	800 / 	100 

IMAGE PREP 	200 / 	50 

SNAP PRO 	70 /	20 

IMAGES INC. 	200 / 	50 

PUBLISHER'S PAINTBRUSH 	495 /	50 

DELUXE PAINT 2 ENCHANCE 	129 /	25 

SOFTTYPE ( FONT WORKSHOP) 	300 / 	25 

VISTA PRO  	100 / 	20 

optibase-wORKSHOP 	149 /	35 

GFA CAD 	100 / 	25 

////////UTILITIES //////////		 

X TREE GOLD FOR WIN 	99 /	25 

TNT (anti virus) 	100 / 	15 

salvation 	100 / 	15 


AMISH UTILITIES 	79 /	15 




////////MULTIMEDIA 	///////	

SMART TEXT 	200 / 	10 

MUSIC CLIPS 	149 /	25 

AUDIO TRACKS  	79 /	15 

SPINnAKER PLUS (MAC) 	495 /	35 

SPINnAKER PLUS (PC) 	495 /	35 

ASK ME 2000 	500 / 	35 

MULTI MEDIA MAKE YOUR POINT  	79 /	20 

MADISON AVE 	75 /	25 

INTERFACE (MAC) 	300 / 	10 


MR. SOUND EFFECTS 	50 /	10 

MUSIC BYTES 	50 /	10 

TEMPRA SHOW 	495 /	50 

STORYBOARD PLUS 	400 / 	50 

/////////PROGRAMMING 		/////// 

M S WINDOWS 3.1 DEV. KIT (FULL) 	500 / 	75 


WINDOWS MAKER PRO 	995 /	50 

MS C 5.1 	500 / 	10 

TOP SPEED MODULA 	300 / 	10 

///////// BUSINESS ////////	 

THE ART OF NEGOTIATING 	150 	10 

TELEMAGIC 	150 /	10 


FULL IMPACT(MAC) 	500 / 	10 

APPROACH DATABASE 400 / 50

ASCEND 	300 / 	35 

/////// GAMES 	///////	 


NFL PRO LEAGUE FOOTBALL 	49 /	15 

ECO-SAURUS 	40 /	10 

/////// hardware //////// 		

modem 2400 baud 	200 / 	50 

assorted joysticks 	35 /	9 

WIllows VGA TV  300 / 50

Amiga Trac Ball 75 / 20


////// misc. /////// 		

the wedding planner 	49 /	10 

SOFTWARE YARD SALE FRI  4/30 ,SAT. 5/1, & SUN 5/2   8:30 TO 4:00   

e-mail -- pbenson@cscihp.ecst.csuchico.edu

LOCATION:

436 NUNNELEY RD., PARADISE
CA 95969    

Phone 916 872-7905      

TERMS: CASH, CHECK, CHARGE (VISA OR  MC ACCEPTED) 




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39010
From: fishkin@parc.xerox.com (Ken Fishkin)
Subject: Re: Oh make up your mind!! (was: Re: XV problems)

In article <1993Apr30.182605.5999@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>, lilley@v5.cgu.mcc.ac.uk (Chris Lilley) writes:
    [re a true 24 bit XV]

> If you would come up with a solid, logical, well argued and lucid description of
> precisely how these proposed extensions would work, feel free to post them

Don't mind if I do.
As someone who would _love_ to see XV go to 24 bit, this
would be plenty for me.

    a) XV can Load a 24 bit image, and display it in all it's
24 bit glory on 24 bit X displays.
    b) All other operations (Crop, Dither, Smooth, etc.) are not
supported on 24 bit images.

how hard would this be?


-- 
Ken Fishkin	fishkin@xerox.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39011
From: donn@carson.u.washington.edu (Donn Cave)
Subject: Re: Anyone know use "rayshade" out there?

fineman@stein2.u.washington.edu (Twixt your toes) writes:

| I'm using "rayshade" on the u.w. computers here, and i'd like input
| from other users, and perhaps swap some ideas.  I could post
| uuencoded .gifs here, or .ray code, if anyone's interested.  I'm having
| trouble coming up with colors that are metallic (i.e. brass, steel)
| from the RGB values.

Sorry, I'm not a rayshade user - but hey, it looks like this group could
use some traffic.  My guess is that "metallic" isn't a color, in the RGB
sense.  Rather, it's a matter of how the surface reflects light.  I'm not
sure what property metallic materials have, that makes them recognizable
as such, but I'm pretty sure any color material can look metallic.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39012
From: craig@regulus.cognet.ucla.edu (Craig Morioka)
Subject: 2-D spline fit


Does anyone out there know of a site that might have
a 2-D spline fit routine useful for interpolation?

thanks for any help,
Craig Morioka

craig@cognet.ucla.edu 


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39013
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: What is 3dO?


Someone please fill me in on what 3do.

Thanks,

BH

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39014
From: alex@falcon.demon.co.uk (Alex Kiernan)
Subject: Re: .SCI files and .SCO files 

In article <1993Apr30.094937.14281@daimi.aau.dk> rued@daimi.aau.dk writes:

>Hello there!
>
>A week ago a guy asked what a .SCO file was.SC(character).
>
>regards 
>rued
>
>

Yes me, why?

-- 
Alex Kiernan
akiernan@falcon.demon.co.uk

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39015
From: dbushong@wang.com (Dave Bushong)
Subject: Re: TIFF: philosophical significance of 42 (SILLY)

rak@crosfield.co.uk (Richard Kirk) writes:

>It's the number of legs on a centipede.
>So, now you know.

Is that the number of "left" legs, or both left and right?
-- 
Dave Bushong, Wang Laboratories, Inc.   Amateur Radio Callsign KZ1O
Project Leader, Recognition products    kz1o@n0ary.#noca.ca.na
Internet: dbushong@wang.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39016
From: kseethar@cs.ulowell.edu (Krishnan Seetharaman)
Subject: Looking for Info on Quadratic Spline to Bezier Conversion ...

Hi

I am looking for an algorithm or pointers to any papers on how to convert
Quadratic Splines to Cubic Splines or Beizeirs. If source is available
in the public domain, please let me know.

Thanks very much

-ks

-- 
Krishnan Seetharaman	
E-mail     : kseethar@cs.ulowell.edu	           Phone : 508-934-3628 (W)
Snail-mail : Department of Computer Science, UMass/Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39017
From: corvus@cats.ucsc.edu (Scott Corbin Crow)
Subject: mode 13h


Does anyone know how to access and/or display multiple pages in mode 13h
while still maintaining the 1 byte per pixel memory organization?
Examples in C or Assembly would be appreciated...
Thanks
Scott


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39018
From: psgwe01@sdc.boeing.com (Gerald Edgar)
Subject: Re: Viewing JPEG files

There are JPEG viewers that are windows based and therefore need no hardware
specific drivers beyond those provided in windows. I got mine from the Library
of Congress in connection with their online exhibit of books from the Vatican
library. See a previous message in this newgroup about that.

Gerald Edgar
gwe3409@atc.boeing.com
"The opinions expressed in this not may not represent those of his employer"


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39019
From: umduddr0@ccu.umanitoba.ca (Brendan Duddridge)
Subject: Re: looking for hot Mac 3D anim software

In <C68zD9.Mxp@news.udel.edu> stern@brahms.udel.edu (Garland Stern) writes:

>I am interested in finding 3D animation programs for the Mac.
>I am especially interested in any programs that don't exist
>in a PC port and are so good that they would make me go buy
>a Mac.  Do any such exist?

>Thanks in advance

Howdy...  I think you would be interested in Infini-D 2.5 for the Mac.  There
is no DOS or Windows version.  It's quite an amazing program.

"Some" of the features:

*  Bevel Text
*  Timeline based animation sequencer
*  Realtime bounding box preview
*  Object linking
*  Phong Shading
*  Ray Tracing
*  Bounding Box shading
*  Wireframe shading
*  Ghourad shading
*  Flat shading
*  Anti-aliasing (none, low, medium, high)
*  Environment maps
*  Quicktime support (wrap a QT movie around an object)
*  Procedural surfaces
*  Composed surfaces (for layering surfaces)
*  Alpha channel support
*  Import EPS, DXF, and Swivel 3D files
*  Export DXF and Swivel 3D files
*  Spline based animation
*  Animation assistant (for creating smooth movements and other stuff)
*  Object morphing (surfaces and bevels morph too)

... And lots more that I can't remember right now...

Anyway, it's not as expensive as some of the other animation/rendering
packages.  I think you can get it for around $699 from MacWarehouse.
They also have educational discounts...

Well, hope that helps a bit.

See ya...
-- 
Brendan Duddridge
InterNet        : umduddr0@ccu.umanitoba.ca
America Online  : BrendanD1

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39020
From: robert@slipknot.rain.com (Robert Reed)
Subject: Re: ACM SIGGRAPH (and ACM in general)

In article <1993Apr29.023508.11556@koko.csustan.edu> rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham) writes:
|
|And no, SIGGRAPH 93 has not skipped town -- we're preparing the best
|SIGGRAPH conference yet!

Speaking of SIGGRAPH, I just went through the ordeal of my annual registration
for SIGGRAPH and re-upping of membership in the ACM last night, and was I ever
grossed out!  The new prices for membership are almost highway robbery!

For example:

	SIGGRAPH basic fee went from $26 last year to $59 this year for the same
	thing, a 127% increase.  Those facile enough to arrange a trip to the
	annual conference could reduce this to $27 by selecting SIGGRAPH Lite,
	which means SIGGRAPH is charging an additional $32 (or so) for the
	proceedings and the art show catalog, essentially.

	TOPLAS went up 40% in cost, way outstripping the current inflation rate.

	Basic SIGCHI fees remainded the same, but whereas before SIGCHI
	membership included UIST and Human Factors conferences proceedings,
	these are now an extra cost option.  Bundling that back into the basic
	rate, equivalent services have gone up 100% in cost.

	SIGOIS membership cost has up 33%, but they've also split out the
	Computer Supported Cooperative Work conference proceedings that used to
	be included with membership.  Adding that cost back in means this SIG
	also has doubled its membership fee.

What really galls me is that the ACM sent out brochures a couple months ago
touting their new approach to providing member services, and tried to make it
sound like they were offering NEW services.  But with the exception of a couple,
like SIGGRAPH, all the "plus" services appear to be just splitting the costs
into smaller piles so that they don't look so big.  But their recommended
changes to my membership would have me paying 90% more than last year for a 31%
increase in services (measured by cost, not by value), and, curiously, a 31%
inflation rate on the publications I got last year.

Is anyone out there as galled by this extortion as I am?
________________________________________________________________________________
Robert Reed			Home Animation Ltd.		503-656-8414
robert@slipknot.rain.com	5686 First Court, West Linn, OR 97068

SHOOTING YOURSELF IN THE FOOT IN VARIOUS LANGUAGES AND SYSTEMS

Motif:  You spend days writing a UIL description of your foot, the
  trajectory, the bullet, and the intricate scrollwork on the ivory handles
  of the gun. When you finally get around to pulling the trigger, the gun
  jams.
________________________________________________________________________________

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39021
From: tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Tim Ciceran)
Subject: Re: Corel Draw or Harvard Draw?

Larry Landwehr (larry@ducktales.med.ge.com) wrote:
: My wife wants to publish a newsletter. She's no artist, so she intends to
: use comercial clipart and customise it a bit by drawing a circle or a box
: around it etc. 
:  
: We have MSPublisher for manipulating text, but it is not suitable for doing
: much with graphics, so she needs a more specialised tool. Right now she's
: looking at Corel Draw and Harvard Draw. There seem to be more books in the
: stores on Corel than on Harvard, so she's inclined to go with Corel on the
: basis of popularity. Can anyone give us an informed opinion on which 
: package would be more suitable or if there is an even better alternative
: available? If this is a FAQ, please withhold the flames and just send the
: location of the FAQ document. Thanks.
:  

Go with CorelDraw.  PCMag just did a review a couple of issues ago and Adobe
Illustrator and CorelDraw were picked as the best.

: Three PS's:
:  
: 1) Is it ok to use clip art from Harvard Draw or whatever for commercial
:    purposes?

(other two deleted...)
As far as I know it's okay.  You'd have to read the licence agreement that
comes with the package to be sure.

-- 

TMC
(tmc@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39022
From: Brandon.Vanevery@launchpad.unc.edu (Brandon Vanevery)
Subject: Company info for graphics software

Within the next several months I'll be looking for a job in computer
graphics software.  I'm in need of info on graphics software companies. 
I've checked the FAQ, the resource list, and siggraph.org, haven't found
anything.  The last Computer Graphics Career Handbook that I'm aware of,
was published in 1991.  It has a list of 40 companies in it, but no
tremendously specific information on any of them.

Can people please steer me towards more current and in-depth informational
resources?  Thanks.  I'll post a summary if there's interest.

Brandon



--
   The opinions expressed are not necessarily those of the University of
     North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the Campus Office for Information
        Technology, or the Experimental Bulletin Board Service.
           internet:  laUNChpad.unc.edu or 152.2.22.80

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39023
Subject: GIF TO TARGA
From: david.mason@channel1.com (David Mason)

Krzysztof Muchorowski was asking about GIF-to-TGA conversion so that he
could use DTA 1.5 to convert the TGA files to FLI animation files.

Krzysztof, update your copy of DTA to a more recent release (the current
is 1.8g).  Later versions of DTA can read GIF files.
--dkm

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39024
From: kintur@scorch.apana.org.au (Kingsley Turner)
Subject: Universal VESA Driver

        Some time ago (about 1 month) there was a bit of discussion
        about a universal VESA driver for > 8bit cards.  It was in
        the file uvesa32.zip.  Well i can't find it, does anyone know
        where it is (gorilla.something.something.au), and what sort
        of cards it works for ?

        Also would it be pushing my luck to ask for someone to post
        it to some appropriate group.

                                                        Kingsley Turner
                                                        NSW Australia


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39025
From: cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk (Sunil Gupta)
Subject: Re: MESSAGE: for cgcad@bart.inescn.pt


Sunil Gupta (cs89ssg@brunel.ac.uk) wrote:
: I cant get through to the author of rtrace. His site is inaccessible
: can he upload the new version somewhere else please?

Problem solved, its on wuarchive graphics/graphics/ray/RTrace/...
Why does it seg fault so often?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39026
From: cs173sbw@sdcc5.ucsd.edu (cs173sbw)
Subject: Re: REAL-3D

I heard a friend who just return from NAB from Las Vegas confirm
that RealSoft will be releasing a Windows version of REAL-3D 2.0
this summer.  He was told that the rendering speed on the DX50 isn't
as fast as A4000.  However, he was also told that they are switching
from Microsoft C++ to Watcom to gain more speed.  For people who is
looking for a powerful 3D animation software for PC.  The wait
shouldn't be too long.  Real 3D 2.0 is absolutely the most powerful and
flexible 3D package out there that sells for less than $1000.

p.s. I heard a Indigo version is also under development.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39027
From: abh@genesis.nred.ma.us (Andrew Hudson)
Subject: Source to create FLI or FLC ?


Does anyone know if the source is available to create FLI
or FLC animations? I would ideally like DLL's for Windows
but would settle for C source.  I've heard they might be 
available on Amiga forums somewhere.  The libraries
currently distributed by Autodesk, AAWIN, AAPLAY, do NOT
have FLI creation capability, only playback.

Any pointers would be appreciated, thanks!

- Andrew  Hudson
abh@genesis.nred.ma.us

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39028
From: trb3@Ra.MsState.Edu (Tony R. Boutwell)
Subject: VIDEO SPEED

I am using an ibm dx-50 with EISA and local bus....and I need to get a
local bus video card....

The only hitch is that I need one that will allow me to do the fastest
anims (or flics) from ram. I have 64-megs of ram in 16-meg simms

I am using 3D-Studio from Autodesk and Imagine from Impulse...
They both write out in the .FLC format....

So does anyone know what would be the best card for showing fast anims
from ram.... ie. like the orchid, Diamond Stealth Viper, ATI....etc

any help would be appreciated.... ( I am trying to circumvent the single-
frame route)

email me at trb3@ra.msstate.edu
or just post back up here...thanks


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39029
From: Frank.Neumann@arbi.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de (Frank Neumann)
Subject: Re: What has happened to DKB-L@TREARN???

Hi,
David K. Drum writes:

>listserv told me that the list doesn't exist!  So I got a global
>list of groups from the listserv and - - NOTHING!  I grepped every
>string I could think of.  If Frank, Ville Saari, Andre Beck, or anyone
>else who's a regular on DKB-L can tell me what is going on, please do!

I just sent a mail to Turgut Kalfaoglu (sp?), the maintainer of the list,
and asked him what's going on. If the list is (for whatever reason) really
dead, we might have to put up a list ourselves. But for now, I want to wait
for his answer.

Frank

PS: ...and I just thought this would be just another period of silence...

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39030
From: deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Daniel E. Bradley)
Subject: Help! Quicktime 1.5/System 7.1 Problem

	I am unable to run Quicktime 1.5 on my IIvx running System 7.1, and
	I don't know why. (If there is a better group to post this to, please
	let me know.) Quicktime 1.0 works fine, but when I try to run a movie
	in any application that supports it, Like Simple Player, Canvas or
	Word, I get the message "sorry a system error occurred '<Application>'
	unimplemented trap <continue> <restart>", I press <continue> and get
	"The application 'unknown' has unexpectedly quit, because an error of
	type 12 occurred." Substitute Simple Player or Canvas or Word for
	'<Application>, and the messages are always the same. If I restart with
	Quicktime 1.0, I have no problems. Any suggestions? I am at a loss.
		Thanks in advance. Oh yah, please email me as I don't check
		the newsgroups very often.
			Dan Bradley deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39031
From: deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Daniel E. Bradley)
Subject: Fractal terrain generator?

	Does anyone know of a fractal terrain generator for Mac, something
	I could hopefully import into a 3D program like Swivel or Stratavision?
	I know Infini-D has built in capabilities, but I don't have access to
	Infini-D. I downloaded two programs from Umich, in graphics/fractals,
	but both were from 1990-91 and crashed under System 7. I think they
	were Black and white anyway. Please, email me if you know of anything,
	as I don't check the newsgroups very often.
		Thanks in advance.
			Dan Bradley deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39032
From: pstlb@aurora.alaska.edu
Subject: Where did the hacker ethic go?


  A great many computer programmers read "Dr. Dobb's Journal".  In a recent
issue, there was a paragraph in an article that pained me greatly to read.  It
said:

  "There's nothing wrong if Microsoft setting the standards for the computer
industry.  The industry NEEDS an IBM for the 90's."

  Where has the hacker ethic gone?  Not the "cracker" ethic, which is something
entirely different and bad, but the hacker ethic, which tells us to value the
free distribution of information and yield to the hands-on imperative?  Why is
it that people and corporations like Bill Gates, IBM, and Intel are able to
have a virtual dead lock on the computer industry?  Why is it that, if a person
like myself posts messages to Usenet on how to get into the little nooks,
crannies, and idiosyncrasies of a computer system, they are not given any
useful information by those who know, just a badmouthing? (or are completely
ignored)  Why is it that people like Steve Jobs have to abandon their efforts to
make truly innovative products?  I ask those of you who call yourselves
hackers, why is this?  And further, how can you let it go on?  It is a fact
that the computer industry has changed the world, and shall continue to do so
for a long time to come.  It has allowed the propagation of information in a
volume unheard of even twenty years ago, and has made this world even smaller
than it was before.  I shudder to think what that world will be like if the
corporations are allowed to have their way, perpetuating more drivel like the
286, Windows, and the IBM product line on the computer-using public.  

  That is not to say I am against business per se; people who profit off of
innovative, intelligent, creative designs do not bother me.  In fact, I applaud
it; that is the American way.  But those who manage to sell kludgy, uncreative
systems to the public, and profit off of them, are the ones who are the
problem.  And, unfortunately, because they have enough money to make up for
blunt stupidity, they can keep doing it for a very long time.

  I put it to you thus:  Where HAS the hacker ethic gone?  If it still exists,
where?  And, if it DOES exist, why are those who call themselves "hackers"
allowing this to perpetuate itself?  Why are they not creating new, innovative,
interesting ideas to stop the SOS from maintaining its choke hold on the
computer industry?

  I await with interest what will probably be a resounding silence.

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  pstlb@acad3.alaska.edu     |  "Revenge is a dish best served cold."       |
|  "Szechuan Death"           |          - Khan Singh                        |
|                             |            "Star Trek II:  The Wrath of Khan"|
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39033
From: trevor@netcom.com (Sandy Santra)
Subject: Re: LCD VGA display

Mike Mattone (mike@nx03.mik.uky.edu) wrote:
: Has anyone else experienced anything like this?  If this just means that I
: need to replace the screen then I guess I'll have to but I thought that the
: "death" of my LCD screen would be a little less dramatic when it eventually
: happened.  I didn't want to take it in to be repaired before I asked on the
: net about this because I already know what they'll say: "Yep, you gotta have
: this replaced and it's gonna cost you $???."

: I've only had the computer for about 21 months.

"Only"?!?  That's a long time! (echoing above posting)  The way the market
is going nowadays, your machine's obsolete two weeks before you buy it. 
Sounds like you'll have to sink *some* money into it for repair, but
that's sometimes necessary for equipment.

: Is that a reasonable life
: cycle for a LCD display?

I think 21 months with nothing wrong until now is quite reasonable.  If
you had bought a Compaq or Toshiba, you might have reasonably expected the
machine to last longer before something went wrong; but that's a moot
point, perhaps.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
sandy santra                     _\/_              trevor@netcom.com
berkeley, california              /\               trevor@well.sf.ca.us
-----------------------------------------------------------------------


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39034
From: cstxqbe@dcs.warwick.ac.uk (Kate Kingman)
Subject: Re: LCD VGA display

In article <C6BAB1.LLt@vcd.hp.com> edmoore@vcd.hp.com (Ed Moore) writes:
>: I've only had the computer for about 21 months.  Is that a reasonable life
>: cycle for a LCD display?
>
>My Toshiba T1100+ LCD (CGA, 1986) died in 11 months.  Replaced under the 12
>month warranty, fortunately.  When it died, it died instantly and completely.

I worked in support for a while at a company and we had problems with several
Toshiba 1600's in a short space of time. They were all around 2 years old.
Some screens went completely (as above), others were just "dodgy".

This happened to about 5 or 6 out of, maybe 100. They were fairly reliable up
to then and I don't think it was a special problem with Tosh's (no link to the
company). So I would think that 21 months may not be unreasonable - just
unlucky!

Regards,

Kate.  :)|
-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~ Kate Kingman        \ cstxqbe@dcs.warwick.ac.uk \ I leave the typos to   ~
~ ** The Tall BlondE **\ esudb@csv.warwick.ac.uk   \ occupy all the bored  ~
~	:)|		\ 	:)|		    \ people out there. :) ~

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39035
From: abh@genesis.nred.ma.us
Subject: Creating FLI/FLC Animation Files?


I am looking for a means to add FLI and FLC animation creation
to a Windows application.  I was hoping for something along the lines
of AAWIN or AAPLAY by Autodesk but for the creation of these delta 
compressed animations.  I have FLILIB but this seems to be coded for 
the Large memory model of DOS with Turbo C. Ideally I would
like a DLL or Medium model object library, but would settle
for anything, really.  I've seen other Windows apps with
FLI/FLC creation, did they hack the FLILIB code into submission?

Any pointers would be appreciated, please send mail directly
to me and I will summarize the results if there is interest.

- Andrew Hudson
abh@genesis.nred.ma.us

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39036
From: pdudey@willamette.edu (The Lisp SubGuru)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In article <1993May1.092058.1@aurora.alaska.edu> pstlb@aurora.alaska.edu writes:
>
>  I put it to you thus:  Where HAS the hacker ethic gone?  If it still exists,
>where?  And, if it DOES exist, why are those who call themselves "hackers"
>allowing this to perpetuate itself?  Why are they not creating new, innovative,
>interesting ideas to stop the SOS from maintaining its choke hold on the
>computer industry?

How about the GNU people, handing out very good, free software?  I've also
distributed two decent-sized programs myself, the Go player Fumiko (at
ftp.u.washington.edu) and the Genetic Neural Network Programmer CEREBRUM
(somewhere out there).

I've only had time to write these programs because of scholarships and
grants.  The intended benefit to society, or a loophole in the system? 

-- 
! Peter Dudey, 11 kyu, Lisp SubGuru, Order of the Golden Parentheses \FINGER !
! Reformed Church of James "Eric" the Half-a-Bee, Dipped in Curry        \ME !
! "A shadowy flight into the dangerous world of a man who does not exist."   !
! Please mail me plastic spaceships:  900 State St. C-210, Salem, OR  97301  !

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39037
From: grady@netcom.com (1016/2EF221)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

Where did the hacker ethic go?

We hackers of the 70's and 80' are now comfortably employed
and supporting families.  The next generation takes
the radical lead now.  Don't look for radicalism among us
old ones; we're gone...

-- 
grady@netcom.com  2EF221 / 15 E2 AD D3 D1 C6 F3 FC  58 AC F7 3D 4F 01 1E 2F


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39038
From: edwest@gpu.utcc.utoronto.ca (Dr. Edmund West)
Subject: AVS presentation

                      University of Toronto
              Instructional and Research Computing

             is sponsoring a technical presentation
                    on Visualization Software


             _A_d_v_a_n_c_e_d _V_i_s_u_a_l _S_y_s_t_e_m_s (_A_V_S) _S_o_f_t_w_a_r_e


                        2:10 PM - 4:00 PM
                      Thursday, May 6, 1993
                    Sandford Fleming Building
                            Room 1105


"Advanced Visual Systems will present this technical seminar on
AVS, the world's leading visualization software package.  AVS is
a point and click, module driven, easy-to-use product that
produces full color, two or three dimensional rendered scenes for
interactive observation.  It is supported on all current Unix
RISC platforms from Sun, SGI, IBM, H-P, DG, and DEC.  It also
runs under DEC VMS.

"AVS is in its fourth year on the street and is very mature.  All
fields of science, engineering, medicine, and even business
applications now use AVS.  This seminar will focus on its many
features in technical detail during a half hour slide
presentation.  Following a question period there will be a live
demonstration using a Sun SPARCstation.  In addition, a new AVS
program called CAMPUS will be introduced at this meeting.

"Also discussed will be the International AVS Center, which
provides an on-line repository of over 1000 graphics modules at
the North Carolina Supercomputer Center in Raliegh, NC.  AVS has
imbedded tools to write one's own customized modules should these
not be available with AVS or from AVS International."


                            _S_p_e_a_k_e_r_s

     The scheduled speaker for this presentation is Mr. Paul
Ecklund of Ecklund Associates, the distributor of AVS in
Canada.

          _T_h_i_s _p_r_e_s_e_n_t_a_t_i_o_n _i_s _o_p_e_n _t_o _t_h_e _p_u_b_l_i_c

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39039
From: diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?


In article <C5w8xB.Iv6@world.std.com> (sci.image.processing,comp.graphics), wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael) writes:
>    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
>    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
>    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac. [stuff deleted]

I understand that Adobe is working on making Photoshop available for
the SGI Indigo, but that is just "rumor" and I wouldn't bet on it
until I see it. But they >are< going to release Illustrator for the SGI
"real soon now."

--
charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
+1.510.687.3119(work)            |  What else, Congress.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39040
From: jk87377@lehtori.cc.tut.fi (Kouhia Juhana)
Subject: Re: Oh make up your mind!! (was: Re: XV problems)

In article <1993Apr30.182605.5999@nessie.mcc.ac.uk>
C.C.Lilley@mcc.ac.uk writes:
>
>>XV allows this feature, but I don't recommend to use it with the
>>mentioned type images.
>
>Ah! now we see thew problem! First you want to extend xv to allow
>editing of 8 bit previews of 24 bit images. Then I point out problems
>with this. Now you are saying there is no problem because you,
>personally, happen not to use those parts of the program that cause
>the problem!!
[ ..see previous article on this debate for the rests.. ]

I can see XV-3.00 agree with my view in cases you don't -- even I say
my personal opinion (as above), it doesn't mean that it is not most
obvious thing.
Please, if you use my previous writings as contradicting argument,
please do read them -- you have not saw them at all; you just
refered to text from which I wrote 'something' -- and you make
hard decisions from that, without reading what exactly I have written.

It is really hard read when one writes a reply line by line method
and don't understand include previously written material with the new
sentences to give them meaning. You seem to be one such.

You also start replying to my articles, even you don't understand what
is going on; you ask me repeatedly to decsribe my views what were
wrong with XV 2.21 even I posted them within the article you did reply
to. Believe me, it is not nice to get flamed specially when I know
that you have not read my article carefully in the first place.

XV-3.00 and JPEG FAQ and users I have written to agree me with the
places you didn't; I'm sure you just didn't undertand what about I
wrote. We can blame my writing skills (in English?) for that, or?

Better stop the discussion and check what new ideas XV-3.00 gives;
I allready mailed one to Bradley...


Juhana Kouhia

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39041
Subject: Re: Fractal terrain generator?
From: pdbourke@ccu1.aukuni.ac.nz (Paul David Bourke)

deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Daniel E. Bradley) writes:

>	Does anyone know of a fractal terrain generator for Mac, something
>	I could hopefully import into a 3D program like Swivel or Stratavision?
>	I know Infini-D has built in capabilities, but I don't have access to
>	Infini-D. I downloaded two programs from Umich, in graphics/fractals,
>	but both were from 1990-91 and crashed under System 7. I think they
>	were Black and white anyway. Please, email me if you know of anything,
>	as I don't check the newsgroups very often.
>		Thanks in advance.
>			Dan Bradley deb47099@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu

Yes I have written something that creates meshed fractal terrain
surfaces for exactly the purpose you require, importing into 3D
modelling packages. Be warned, the data content is high and brings
many packages to their knees. We use it primarily for MicroStation
but it exports DXF, as well as other formats, so you should be OK.
You can get it from my FTP mirror site in the US.
It is
   wuarchive.wustl.edu
my stuff is located in the
   mirrors/architec
directory. Please FTP the README file first.

-- 
Paul D Bourke                       School of Architecture, Property, Planning
pdbourke@ccu1.auckland.ac.nz        The University of Auckland
Ph:   +64 -9 373 7999 x7367         Private Bag 92019
Fax:  +64 -9 373 7410               Auckland, New Zealand
-- 
Paul D Bourke                       School of Architecture, Property, Planning
pdbourke@ccu1.auckland.ac.nz        The University of Auckland
Ph:   +64 -9 373 7999 x7367         Private Bag 92019
Fax:  +64 -9 373 7410               Auckland, New Zealand

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39042
From: <GNR100@psuvm.psu.edu>
Subject: Direct Acess to Video memory

      Hi.  I'm  looking for information on how to directly manipulate
 video memory.  I have an application that I would like to use this for,
 because it is much faster than going through the BIOS.  I know that
 video memory ispart of the system area above the first 640K, so I guess
 I am looking to find out exactly what section of memory it is, and how it
 is layed out.     Thanks.

           Regards,       Gordon Rogers
                          gnr100@psuvm.psu.edu
/*********************************************************************/
void signature(void){
                    }

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39043
From: olasov@cs.columbia.edu (Benjamin Olasov)
Subject: Re: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain data

In article <1993Apr24.220701.26139@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu> danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson) writes:

[A lot of interesting stuff about gopher - deleted]

>If you've never heard of gopher don't worry it's free and on the net,
>write me a note if you'd like information on how to get started.
>
>
>Best of luck,
>
>Dan Jacobson
>
>danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu


I've heard of it but lost the intro posting that came out a while back -
could you post it again?  I think it's of general interest.


Ben
-- 
Ben Olasov		olasov@cs.columbia.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39044
From: thinman@netcom.com (Technically Sweet)
Subject: Re: Universal VESA Driver

kintur@scorch.apana.org.au (Kingsley Turner) writes:

>        Some time ago (about 1 month) there was a bit of discussion
>        about a universal VESA driver for > 8bit cards.  It was in
>        the file uvesa32.zip.  Well i can't find it, does anyone know
>        where it is (gorilla.something.something.au), and what sort
>        of cards it works for ?

>        Also would it be pushing my luck to ask for someone to post
>        it to some appropriate group.

>                                                        Kingsley Turner
>                                                        NSW Australia


Host swdsrv.edvz.univie.ac.at

    Location: /pc/dos/graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar  7 18:00  uvesa31.zip

Host plaza.aarnet.edu.au

    Location: /micros/pc/garbo/pc/screen
           FILE -r--r--r--      21795  Apr  4 00:00  uvesa31.zip
    Location: /micros/pc/oak/graphics
           FILE -r--r--r--      21525  Mar  7 19:00  uvesa31.zip

Host godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au

    Location: /kjb/MGL
           FILE -rw-r--r--      22887  Mar 29 15:03  uvesa32.zip

Host nic.switch.ch

    Location: /mirror/msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  7 20:00  uvesa31.zip
    Location: /software/pc/simtel20/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  7 20:00  uvesa31.zip

Host ipc1.rvs.uni-hannover.de

    Location: /pub/msdos-koeln/graphics/egavga
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Apr  4 17:08  uvesa31.zip

Host sun0.urz.uni-heidelberg.de

    Location: /pub/msdos/simtel/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  7 19:00  uvesa31.zip

Host athene.uni-paderborn.de

    Location: /pcsoft/msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar  7 18:00  uvesa31.zip

Host compute1.cc.ncsu.edu

    Location: /mirrors/wustl/mirrors/msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar  7 19:00  uvesa31.zip

Host rigel.acs.oakland.edu

    Location: /pub/msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar  7 19:00  uvesa31.zip

Host pc.usl.edu

    Location: /pub/msdos/video.and.graphics
           FILE -rw-r--r--      21525  Mar 11 10:41  uvesa31.zip

Host isfs.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp

    Location: /mirrors/simtel20.msdos/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      11425  Mar 13 16:41  uvesa10.zip
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  8 12:00  uvesa31.zip

Host ftp.uu.net

    Location: /systems/ibmpc/msdos/simtel20/graphics
           FILE -rw-rw-r--      21525  Mar  7 14:00  uvesa31.zip
-- 

Lance Norskog
thinman@netcom.com
Data is not information is not knowledge is not wisdom.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39045
From: Brandon.Vanevery@launchpad.unc.edu (Brandon Vanevery)
Subject: 3d graphics software company info?

Within a few months, I'll be looking for a job in 3d computer graphics
software.  I'm in need of info on companies that do it.  There's nothing
in any of the FAQ's for this group, and nothing at siggraph.org (at least
I couldn't find anything.)  The last Computer Graphics Career Handbook was
dated 1991, had info on 40 companies, but nothing specific on any of them.

Can people please direct me towards more current and detailed sources of
information?  I'll post a summary of sources if there's interest.

Also, could you please e-mail me, our news server is on the fritz. :(

Thanks,
Brandon

--
   The opinions expressed are not necessarily those of the University of
     North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the Campus Office for Information
        Technology, or the Experimental Bulletin Board Service.
           internet:  laUNChpad.unc.edu or 152.2.22.80

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39046
From: "Changyaw Wang" <wangc@cs.indiana.edu>
Subject: Re: 3d graphics software company info?

I believe many people will be happy to have this information.   So, 
please post it to the comp.graphics.

Thanks,
-Changyaw


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39047
From: dgf1@quads.uchicago.edu (David Farley)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

In article <0010580B.0b6r49@diablo.UUCP> diablo.UUCP!cboesel (Charles Boesel) writes:
>
>In article <C5w8xB.Iv6@world.std.com> (sci.image.processing,comp.graphics), wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael) writes:
>>    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
>>    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
>>    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac. [stuff deleted]
>
>I understand that Adobe is working on making Photoshop available for
>the SGI Indigo, but that is just "rumor" and I wouldn't bet on it
>until I see it. But they >are< going to release Illustrator for the SGI
>"real soon now."
>
>--
>charles boesel @ diablo creative |  If Pro = for   and   Con = against
>cboesel@diablo.uu.holonet.net    |  Then what's the opposite of Progress?
>+1.510.687.3119(work)            |  What else, Congress.

I was at an Adobe seminar/conference/propaganda forum/whatever-you-want-to-
call-it a couple months ago where they announced that Display Postscript was
going to be included in the next release of Sun's OS, (presumably Solaris.)
Sun was going to drop their development of Newsprint, and, in return for this,
Adobe was going to port Illustrator and Photoshop to Sun.  Other than the
articles that appeared in the trade journals immediately after, I haven't
heard a peep about it.  I hope it's still in the works.

-- 
David Farley                           The University of Chicago Library
312 702-3426                              1100 East 57th Street, JRL-210
dgf1@midway.uchicago.edu                         Chicago, Illinois 60637


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39048
From: car@trux.mi.org (Chris Rende)
Subject: Need recommendations on imaging workstations


I need recommendations on imaging workstations. As a minimum, I have the
following requirements:

- High resolution graphics (Black and white) for display of Fax images.
- Support the display of multiple simulataneous windows:
     Fax image, 3270 emulation window to IBM host, etc...
- High speed network interface for 3270, image data, etc...
     (16Mb Token ring, EtherNet, etc...)
- Mouse


Any information/experience would be appreciated.

Thanks,


car.
-- 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39049
From: mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon)
Subject: Re: Looking for polygon "convexifier"

>Does anyone know where I can find a code which would take concave
>polygons and break them up into a set of convex polygons?
O

I also would like code or algorithms to do this.

In fact, I am interested in sources for code and/or algorithms that
convert 2D graphical objects into other 2D graphical objects that
will render into the same image. i.e. Bezier curves to B splines,
or splines to circular arc segments, or B splines to polgons, etc...


-- 
Michael Dillon                 Internet: mpdillon@halcyon.halcyon.com
C-4 Powerhouse                  Fidonet: 1:353/350
RR #2 Armstrong, BC  V0E 1B0      Voice: +1-604-546-8022
Canada                              BBS: +1-604-546-2705

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39050
From: imagesyz@aol.com
Subject: WANNA SCAN 24-BIT COLR PICTURE?

My 24-bit color 600 dpi fladbed scanner can do the job for you. GIF, TIFF,
PCX, BMP. Interested? Please write to me: imagesyz@aol.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39051
From: add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
Subject: Need specs for MPEG (.mpg) file format

I am looking for the specs for the .mpg files that are floating around
the alt.binaries.pictures.* groups on the net.  Please lemme know where
I can obtain the spec or email it to me.

Thanks much.

--
James D. Murray
add@sciences.sdsu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39052
From: dclunie@pax.tpa.com.au (David Clunie)
Subject: Re: Easy to translate JPEG code...

In article 1rfsqbINNc2p@shelley.u.washington.edu, stusoft@hardy.u.washington.edu (Stuart Denman) writes:

>Does anyone out there have any JPEG decompression code in pretty much any
>language that I can read and understand?  I have trouble understanding the
>JPEG Group's code that I got from an FTP site.  If any one can send me
>some good code, I will appreciate it a lot!  Thanks!

The problem is that the process is inherently complicated ! The IJG's code is
pretty good if you ask me, and I have watched it go through many many cycles of
revision.

Try getting a good book on the subject, that will explain the algorithms.

Specifically "JPEG Still Image Compression Standard" by Pennebaker & Mitchell,
VNR 1993, ISBN 0-442-01272-1.

BTW. I presume your comment about "good" code wasn't meant to sound as offensive
as it does.

---
David A. Clunie (dclunie@pax.tpa.com.au)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39053
From: jtheinon@klaava.Helsinki.FI (Jarkko Tapio Heinonen)
Subject: FTP site for .pov files?

I know this has been asked a million time, but..

What was the ftp site carrying 30-40 .ZIPs of full POV "source" files,
including JACK.ZIP and KETTLE.ZIP? I've once been there but
unfortunately lost the address.
I'm in a little hurry with it, so please e-mail me at
jtheinon@kruuna.helsinki.fi. Thanks..

Jarkko

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39054
From: xyzzy@hal.gnu.ai.mit.edu (Daniel Drucker)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In article <gradyC6D7Ep.AwE@netcom.com> grady@netcom.com (1016/2EF221) writes:
>Where did the hacker ethic go?
>
>We hackers of the 70's and 80' are now comfortably employed
>and supporting families.  The next generation takes
>the radical lead now.  Don't look for radicalism among us
>old ones; we're gone...

And guess who's here in your place.

Please finger xyzzy@gnu.ai.mit.edu for information, or if you are
a mail/news only site, mail xyzzy@gnu.ai.mit.edu with the subject line
"SEND FINGER".


-- 
Daniel Drucker   N2SXX          | xyzzy@gnu.ai.mit.edu
Forever, forever, my Coda.      | und2dzd@vaxc.hofstra.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39055
From: lars@cs.sun.ac.za (Lars Michael)
Subject: jpeg fif specification



I recently got a document describing the JPEG FIF (JFIF) file
format. I was looking thru it, but I didn't get the idea how
to determine the size of a pic in pixel without decoding the
whole image.

How do you get the height and width of a JPEG in a JFIF?

How do you determine wether it is a color or a greyscale
picture?

I wrote a small tool (lsgif) for GIF that returns the
filesize, picture size and color resolution by analizing
the header chunks. The output looks like this:

  157605  bla.gif                                  640x 480  248C24

I use this lsgif to create index files of my archive and since
JPEG are getting more and more popular I would like to have a
similar tool for JFIF, with an output like this:

   57605  bla.jpg                                  640x 480     C24

Please respond by email, because I don't read this news
group very often. I'll post a summary if it is useful.

Thanx in advance,
								Larry

+-------------------------------------+------------------------------+
|    Lars "Larry" Michael (Mr. GIF)   | "If Murphy's Law             |
|          lars@itu.sun.ac.za         |      can go wrong, it will." |
| lsmichae@informatik.uni-erlangen.de +--------------+---------------+
| Spec. Stud. at Univ. of Stellenbosch  South Afrika | HAM: ZR/DB3BW |
| Grad. Stud. at Univ. of Erlangen/Nuremberg Germany | IRC: Pit      |
+----------------------------------------------------+---------------+

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39056
From: af774@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Chad Cipiti)
Subject: Fractint on a Speedstar 24X


I'm still looking for Fractint drivers or a new release which supports the
 24bit color mode of the Diamond Speedstar 24X.  There are some 2, 4 and 26
 million colros drivers, but none work with the 24X.  

Any help would be appreciated!

Thanks!

Chad


-- 
      ....                 New in 1993                                
 ~  ~~ :::::.~~~ ~ ~    Sea World of Ohio           Chad Cipiti         
~ ~~  ::SHARK:. ~  ~                         cipiti@bobcat.ent.ohiou.edu
 ~~ .:ENCOUNTER:. ~~     "Make Contact."     af774@cleveland.freenet.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39058
From: add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

Perhaphs what Bill Gates and Steve Jobs are now is the result of the
natural evolution of a "successful" hacker.  Either you make money, go
to jail (Lee Feldenstein [sp?]), or just fade away as "Oh, that's uncle
so-and-so who *really* likes computers...".

What a "computer hacker" is and does will change as long as the definition
of the word "computer" continues to change.

--
James D. Murray
add@sciences.sdsu.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39059
From: danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson)
Subject: Re: Is there an FTP achive for USGS terrain data

In article <C6DJ25.6wL@cs.columbia.edu> olasov@cs.columbia.edu (Benjamin Olasov) writes:
>In article <1993Apr24.220701.26139@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu> danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson) writes:
>
>[A lot of interesting stuff about gopher - deleted]
>
>>If you've never heard of gopher don't worry it's free and on the net,
>>write me a note if you'd like information on how to get started.
>>
>>
>>Best of luck,
>>
>>Dan Jacobson
>>
>>danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu
>
>
>I've heard of it but lost the intro posting that came out a while back -
>could you post it again?  I think it's of general interest.
>
>
>Ben
>-- 
>Ben Olasov		olasov@cs.columbia.edu



This is a heavily edited/modified version of the Gopher FAQ intended to
give people just starting with gopher enough information to get a
client and jump into Gopher-space - a complete version can be obtained
as described below.  Once you have a gopher client point it at 
merlot.welch.jhu.edu and welcome to gopher-space!


Dan Jacobson

danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu

-----

Common Questions and Answers about the Internet Gopher, a
client/server protocol for making a world wide information service,
with many implementations.  Posted to comp.infosystems.gopher, 
comp.answers, and news.answers every two weeks.

The most recent version of this FAQ can be gotten through gopher, or
via anonymous ftp:

rtfm.mit.edu:/pub/usenet/news.answers/gopher-faq

Those without FTP access should send e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu
with "send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body to find out
how to do FTP by e-mail.

------------------------------------------------------------------- 
List of questions in the Gopher FAQ:

Q0:  What is Gopher?
Q1:  Where can I get Gopher software?
Q2:  What do I need to access Gopher?
Q3:  Where are there publicly available logins for Gopher?
Q4:  Who Develops Gopher Software?
Q5: What is the relationship between Gopher and (WAIS, WWW, ftp)?
Q6: Are papers or articles describing Gopher available?
Q7: What is veronica?
Q8: What is Available for Biology?
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q0:  What is Gopher?

A0:  The Internet Gopher client/server provides a distributed
     information delivery system around which a world/campus-wide
     information system (CWIS) can readily be constructed.   While
     providing a delivery vehicle for local information,  Gopher
     facilitates access to other Gopher and information servers
     throughout the world. 

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q1:  Where can I get Gopher software?

A1:  via anonymous ftp to boombox.micro.umn.edu.  Look in the directory
     /pub/gopher

--------------------------------------------------------------------
Q2:  What do I need to access Gopher?

A2:  You will need a gopher "client" program that runs on your local PC
     or workstation

     There are clients for the following systems.  The directory
     following the name is the location of the client on the anonymous
     ftp site boombox.micro.umn.edu (134.84.132.2) in the directory
     /pub/gopher.

      Unix Curses & Emacs   :  /pub/gopher/Unix/gopher1.12.tar.Z
      Xwindows (athena)     :  /pub/gopher/Unix/xgopher1.2.tar.Z
      Xwindows (Motif)      :  /pub/gopher/Unix/moog
      Xwindows (Xview)      :  /pub/gopher/Unix/xvgopher
      Macintosh Hypercard   :  /pub/gopher/Macintosh-TurboGopher/old-versions *
      Macintosh Application :  /pub/gopher/Macintosh-TurboGopher *
      DOS w/Clarkson Driver :  /pub/gopher/PC_client/
      NeXTstep              :  /pub/gopher/NeXT/
      VM/CMS                :  /pub/gopher/Rice_CMS/ or /pub/gopher/VieGOPHER/
      VMS                   :  /pub/gopher/VMS/
      OS/2 2.0	            :  /pub/gopher/os2/
      MVS/XA                :  /pub/gopher/mvs/

     Many other clients and servers have been developed by others, the
     following is an attempt at a comprehensive list.  

      A Microsoft Windows Winsock client "The Gopher Book"
        sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/micro/pc-stuff/ms-windows/winsock/goph_tbk.zip

      A Macintosh Application, "MacGopher".
        ftp.cc.utah.edu:/pub/gopher/Macintosh *

      Another Macintosh application, "GopherApp".
        ftp.bio.indiana.edu:/util/gopher/gopherapp *

      A port of the UNIX curses client for DOS with PC/TCP
        oac.hsc.uth.tmc.edu:/public/dos/misc/dosgopher.exe

      A port of the UNIX curses client for PC-NFS
     	 bcm.tmc.edu:/nfs/gopher.exe

      A beta version of the PC Gopher client for Novell's LAN Workplace
      for DOS
         lennon.itn.med.umich.edu:/dos/gopher

      A VMS DECwindows client for use with Wollongong or UCX
         job.acs.ohio-state.edu:XGOPHER_CLIENT.SHARE


     * Note: these Macintosh clients require MacTCP.

     Most of the above clients can also be fetched via a gopher client
     itself.  Put the following on a gopher server:

       Type=1
       Host=boombox.micro.umn.edu
       Port=70
       Path=
       Name=Gopher Software Distribution.

 
     Or point your gopher client at boombox.micro.umn.edu, port 70 and
     look in the gopher directory.


     There are also a number of public telnet login sites available.
     The University of Minnesota operates one on the machine
     "consultant.micro.umn.edu" (134.84.132.4) See Q3 for more
     information about this.  It is recommended that you run the client
     software instead of logging into the public telnet login sites.  A
     client uses the custom features of the local machine (mouse,
     scroll bars, etc.)  A local client is also faster.

---------------------------------------------------------------------
Q3:  Where are there publicly available logins (ie places to telnet to
     in order to get a taste of gopher) for Gopher?

A3:  Here is a short list, use the site closest to you to minimize
     network lag.

     Telnet Public Logins:

     Hostname                  IP#              Login   Area
     ------------------------- ---------------  ------  -------------
     consultant.micro.umn.edu  134.84.132.4	gopher  North America
     gopher.uiuc.edu           128.174.33.160   gopher  North America
     panda.uiowa.edu           128.255.40.201	panda   North America
     gopher.sunet.se           192.36.125.2     gopher  Europe
     info.anu.edu.au           150.203.84.20    info    Australia
     gopher.chalmers.se        129.16.221.40    gopher  Sweden
     tolten.puc.cl             146.155.1.16     gopher  South America
     ecnet.ec		           157.100.45.2     gopher  Ecuador
     gan.ncc.go.jp             160.190.10.1     gopher  Japan


     It is recommended that you run the client software instead of
     logging into the public login sites.  A client uses the
     custom features of the local machine (mouse, scroll bars, etc.)
     and gives faster response.  Furthermore many of the basic features
     of clients - saving a file to your hard drive, printing a file
     to a local printer, viewing images, retrieving files from ftp
     sites etc.... are not available by the telnet logins.



---------------------------------------------------------------------
Q4:  Who Develops Gopher Software?

A4:  Gopher was originally developed in April 1991 by the University
     of Minnesota Microcomputer, Workstation, Networks Center to help
     our campus find answers to their computer questions.  

     It has since grown into a full-fledged World Wide Information
     System used by a large number of sites in the world.

     Many people have contributed to the project, too numerous to
     count. 

     The people behind the much of the gopher software can be reached
     via e-mail at gopher@boombox.micro.umn.edu, or via paper mail:
   
      Internet Gopher Developers
      100 Union St. SE #190
      Minneapolis, MN 55455  USA

     Or via FAX at:
 
      +1 (612) 625-6817

---------------------------------------------------------------------
Q5: What is the relationship between Gopher and (WAIS, WWW, ftp)?

A5: Gopher is intimately intertwined with these two other systems.
     As shipped the Unix gopher server has the capability to: 
     
       - Search local WAIS indices.
       - Query remote WAIS servers and funnel the results to gopher
         clients.
       - Query remote ftp sites and funnel the results to gopher
         clients.
       - Be queried by WWW (World Wide Web) clients (either using
         built in gopher querying or using native http querying.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q6: Are papers or articles describing Gopher available?

A6: Gopher has a whole chapter devoted to it in :

     _The_Whole_Internet_, Ed Kroll, O'Reilly, 1992 (Editors note:
                             ..Great book, go out and buy a bunch!)

     _The_Internet_Passport: NorthWestNet's Guide to Our World Online"
     By Jonathan Kochmer and NorthWestNet. Published by NorthWestNet,
     Bellevue, WA. 1993. 516 pp. ISBN 0-9635281-0-6. 
     Contact info: passport@nwnet.net, or (206) 562-3000

     _A_Students_Guide_to_UNIX by Harley Hahn. (publisher McGraw Hill,
     Inc.; 1993 ISBN 0-07-025511-3)


     Other references include:

     _The_Internet_Gopher_, "ConneXions", July 1992, Interop.

     _Exploring_Internet_GopherSpace_ "The Internet Society News", v1n2 1992, 

     (You can subscribe to the Internet Society News by sending e-mail to
      isoc@nri.reston.va.us)

     _The_Internet_Gopher_Protocol_, Proceedings of the Twenty-Third
          IETF, CNRI, Section 5.3

     _Internet_Gopher_, Proceedings of Canadian Networking '92

     _The_Internet_Gopher_, INTERNET: Getting Started, SRI
          International, Section 10.5.5

     _Tools_help_Internet_users_discover_on-line_treasures, Computerworld,
          July 20, 1992

     _TCP/IP_Network_Administration_, O'Reilly.

      Balakrishan, B. (Oct 1992)
        "SPIGopher: Making SPIRES databases accessible through the
      Gopher protocol".  SPIRES Fall '92 Workshop, Chapel Hill, North
      Carolina.

      Tomer, C.  Information Technology Standards for Libraries,
      _Journal of the American Society for Information Science_,
      43(8):566-570, Sept 1992.


-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q7: What is veronica?

A7: veronica:  Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-wide Index to 
     Computerized Archives.

     veronica offers a keyword search of most gopher-server menu titles
     in the entire gopher web.  As archie is to ftp archives, veronica 
     is to gopherspace.  A veronica search produces a menu of gopher
     items, each of which is a direct pointer to a gopher data source.
     Because veronica is accessed through a gopher client, it is easy
     to use, and gives access to all types of data supported by the
     gopher protocol.

     To try veronica, select it from the "Other Gophers" menu on 
     Minnesota's gopher server, or point your gopher at:

     Name=veronica (search menu items in most of GopherSpace) 
     Type=1 
     Port=70 
     Path=1/veronica 
     Host=futique.scs.unr.edu

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q8: What is Available for Biology?

A8: There is an incredible amount of software, data and information
    availble to biologists now by gopher.

Here is a brief list of the Biological Databases that you can search 
via gopher:

      2.  BDT Tropical Data Base Searches/
      3.  Biotechnet Buyers Guide - Online Catalogues for Biology <TEL>
      4.  Search Protein Data Bank Headers <?>
      5.  Chlamydomonas Genetics Center /
      6.  Crystallization database/
      7.  HGMP Databases - Probes and Primers /
      8.  Museum of Paleontology TYPE Specimen Index <?>
      9.  MycDB - Mycobacterium DataBase <?>
      10. Search (Drosophila) Flybase (Indiana)/
      11. Search (GenBank + SWISS-PROT + PIR + PDB)  <?>
      12. Search AAtDB -  An Arabidopsis thaliana Database <?>
      13. Search ACEDB - A Caenorhabditis elegans Database <?>
      14. Search CompoundKB - A Metabolic Compound Database <?>
      15. Search Databases at Welchlab (Vectors, Promoters, NRL-3D, EST, OMI../
      16. Search EMBL <?>
      17. Search GenBank <?>
      18. Search Genbank - 2 <?>
      19. Search Genbank Updates <?>
      20. Search LiMB <?>
      21. Search PIR  <?>
      22. Search PIR (keyword,species...) <?>
      23. Search PROSITE <?>
      24. Search Rebase - Restriction Enzyme Database <?>
      25. Search SWISS-PROT <?>
      26. Search TFD <?>
      27. Search the C. elegans Strain List  <?>
      28. Search the DNA Database of Japan <?>
      29. Search the EC Enzyme Database  <?>
      30. Search the GrainGenes database  <?>
      31. Search the Maize Database /
      32.  Cloning Vectors: plasmids, phage, etc. <?>
      33.  EPD - Eukaryotic Promoter Database <?>
      34.  EST - Expressed Sequence Tag Database - Human <?>
      35.  wEST - Expressed Sequence Tag Database - C. elegans <?>
      36.  Kabat Database of Proteins of Immunological Interest <?>
      37.  NRL_3D Protein Sequence-Structure Database <?>
      38.  OMIM - Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man <?>
      39.  Seqanalref - Sequence Analysis Bibliographic Reference Data Ban.. <?>
      40. Search Rebase - Restriction Enzyme Database <?>
      41. Search the EC Enzyme Database <?>
      42. Search The Rodent Section of Genbank <?>
      43. Database Taxonomy (Genbank, Swiss-Prot ...)/
      44. Retrieve Full PDB Entries by Accession Number <?>
      45. Search for All Researchers funded by NIH <?>
      46. Search for Genome Researchers funded by DOE <?>
      47. Search for Researchers funded by NSF <?>
      48. Search for Researchers funded by the USDA <?>
      49. E-mail Addresses of Crystallographers/
      50. E-mail Addresses of Yeast Reasearchers/
      51. Phonebooks Around the World/
      52.  Search and Retrieve Software for All Computers/
      53.  Search and Retrieve Macintosh Software/
      54.  Search and Retrieve DOS Software/
      55.  Search and Retrieve GNU Software/
      56.  Search and Retrieve Software for Biology/
      57.  Search for Agricultural Software/
      58.  Search and Retrieve Graphics Software and Data/
      59.  Search and Retrieve all Online Perl Scripts/
      60.  FTP Sites For Biology (56 archives for software and data)/


And the list goes on - this is just the beginning


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39060
From: orourke@sophia.smith.edu (Joseph O'Rourke)
Subject: Re: Looking for polygon "convexifier"

In article <1rvpmc$3dd@nwfocus.wa.com> mpdillon@halcyon.com (Michael Dillon) writes:
>>Does anyone know where I can find a code which would take concave
>>polygons and break them up into a set of convex polygons?
>
>I also would like code or algorithms to do this.

	Although I am not offering code, I would like to point out that
any polygon triangulation code satisfies the task as stated.  If you
want code to partition a polygon into the *minimum* number of convex
pieces, I doubt very much if it exists, although an algorithm is known.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39061
From: justin@sydney.DIALix.oz.au (Justin Sullivan)
Subject: Re: LCD VGA display

In <trevorC6Cz03.x2@netcom.com> trevor@netcom.com (Sandy Santra) writes:

>Mike Mattone (mike@nx03.mik.uky.edu) wrote:

>: I've only had the computer for about 21 months.

>"Only"?!?  That's a long time!

>: Is that a reasonable life
>: cycle for a LCD display?

>I think 21 months with nothing wrong until now is quite reasonable.  If
>you had bought a Compaq or Toshiba, you might have reasonably expected the
>machine to last longer before something went wrong; but that's a moot
>point, perhaps.

Maybe. I've had an Epson portable with backlit LCD since 1988 which is
still used daily and the screen on that is fine. The only problem it
has (and ever has had) is the "arm" of the screen is sorta lose and if
you bend it fairly harshly the screen goes off until you wiggle it
round a bit. But other than that, it's been perfect! So what's that,
about um, 60 months???!

*-----------------------------------------+-------------------------*
| Justin Sullivan (System Administrator)  |  DIALix Services Sydney |
+-----------------------------------------+  Modem    (02) 948 6918 |
|       justin@sydney.dialix.oz.au        |  Ph Perth (09) 244 2433 |
*-----------------------------------------+-------------------------*



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39062
From: jliddle@rs6000.cmp.ilstu.edu (Jean Liddle)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In article <1s0p7n$m3o@pandora.sdsu.edu> add@sciences.sdsu.edu (James D. Murray)
 writes:
>Perhaphs what Bill Gates and Steve Jobs are now is the result of the
>natural evolution of a "successful" hacker.  Either you make money, go
>to jail (Lee Feldenstein [sp?]), or just fade away as "Oh, that's uncle
>so-and-so who *really* likes computers...".
>
>What a "computer hacker" is and does will change as long as the definition
>of the word "computer" continues to change.
>

Or perhaps you write a freely available, GPLed unix for commonly
available computer platforms (i386/i486 machines) and become a catalyst
for a major netwide project which produces a better unix-like os than
many commercial counterparts (see comp.os.linux for details).  Or maybe
you found a Legue for Programming Freedom to fight restrictive litigation
and software patenting practices, thereby protecting the creative freedom
so vital to continuing progress in our field.  Or maybe you start up
a gnu project, and produce by far and away the best c/c++ compiler
for unix there is, not to mention other valuable utilities.

Some hackers make significant contributions without selling out their
ideals.  As for Bill Gates, after pawning of grossly inferior software
onto the PC market for ten years, if he ever was a hacker, he deserves
to have his name eradicated from the Annals of Computer Hackery.

As for me, I like running linux+X+countless other packages, without
paying a dime.  On the other hand, I have no problem purchasing motif
or other good software, as long as Microsoft hasn't fouled it with their
inept input.

My 2 cents worth, flames will be patiently ignored. :-)

Jean.
-- 
Jean Liddle                                 
Computer Science, Illinois State University  
e-mail:  jliddle@ilstu.edu                  
--------------------------------------------

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39063
From: egret@wet.UUCP (thomas helke)
Subject: How Can I Download Files/Graphics?

How can I find these files and graphics that people
are downloading from their Unix systems? Then, how
do I download them? I am a complete beginner in
this (obviously), so please baby-step me through
the process. First of all, I don't see amongst
these newsgroups where there is anything remotely
like a GIF, TIF, or compiled shareware program?

Thanks in advance for any information you can
give me. (I know there is a Unix command, "ftp,"
that will allow me to do this, but first I
need to know where to go to find the file
I want download via ftp, etc.

Thomas Helke
egret@wet.UUCP 

//
::wq!
/


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39064
From: dmd2@Isis.MsState.Edu (David Dumas)
Subject: Where can I find someone who can digitize Currier & Ives????


Does anyone know if any of Currier and Ives etchings have been digitized for 
use in desktop publishing?  I am particularly interested in their riverboat
scenes.  Does anyone know who can get me (for a fee) a good, digitized river-
boat image?

Thank you,

David Dumas
--
David Dumas
dmd2@Isis.MsState.Edu

--
David Dumas
dmd2@Isis.MsState.Edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39065
From: Blue-Knight@bknight.jpr.com (Yury German)
Subject: Re: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

In article <1993Apr30.011157.12995@news.columbia.edu> ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Pei Hsieh) writes:
> Hi -- sorry if this is a FAQ, but are there any conversion utilities
> available for Autodesk *.DXF to Amiga *.IFF format?  I
> checked the comp.graphics FAQ and a number of sites, but so far
> no banana.  Please e-mail.
> 

	.DXF can not be changed over to .IFF format what it can be changed
to is an object format used by one of the 3D programs on the Amiga. The
only tools around are comercial for that conversion.


-- 
    _____________________________________________________________________
   |                                                                     |
   | Yury German                  Blue-Knight@bknight.jpr.com            |
   | Blue-Knight Productions      GENIE: Blue-Knight                     |
   | (718)321-0998            ** Graphic Design and Video Productions ** |
   |_____________________________________________________________________|


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39066
From: jackson@sandman.ece.clarkson.edu (Peter Jackson,CH237A,,)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

From article <1993May1.092058.1@aurora.alaska.edu>, by pstlb@aurora.alaska.edu:
> 

>   I put it to you thus:  Where HAS the hacker ethic gone?  If it still exists,
> where?  And, if it DOES exist, why are those who call themselves "hackers"
> allowing this to perpetuate itself?  Why are they not creating new, innovative,
> interesting ideas to stop the SOS from maintaining its choke hold on the
> computer industry?

Since this was posted on comp.ai, I assume there is an AI angle to this.  Hacking is
what AI students do when they're really supposed to be doing something else, e.g.
thesis research & write up, getting their supervisors' pet programs to run properly,
etc.  No-one gets much glory for hacking, and no-one gets any money out of it.
Producing good free software requires an enormous investment of time & resources that
not many people can, or want to, afford - particularly during a recession.

In addition, over the last 10 years, I think there has been a de-emphasis on producing
running programs in AI research, and a greater emphasis on more formal approaches to
problem-solving.  Students have been proving theorems instead of writing programs.
At a conference a year or two ago, Johann de Kleer suggested that everyone should
'Get back to the keyboard' and write more programs that demonstrate their ideas -
and I have to say I'm inclined to agree.

(I don't claim to be a superhacker, but I don't think that invalidates my remarks.
And I'm sure this isn't the whole story.)


--
Peter Jackson, Dept of Electrical & Computer Eng, Clarkson University
"Opinions expressed are not those of my employer or any other organization"
Second Violin, Fiddling Firefighters Ensemble (Rome Branch)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39067
From: mac@utkvx.bitnet (Richard J. McDougald)
Subject: Re: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

In article <Blue-Knight.01tj@bknight.jpr.com> Blue-Knight@bknight.jpr.com (Yury German) writes:

>In article <1993Apr30.011157.12995@news.columbia.edu> ph14@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Pei Hsieh) writes:
>> Hi -- sorry if this is a FAQ, but are there any conversion utilities
>> available for Autodesk *.DXF to Amiga *.IFF format?  I
>> checked the comp.graphics FAQ and a number of sites, but so far
>> no banana.  Please e-mail.
>> 

>       .DXF can not be changed over to .IFF format what it can be changed
>to is an object format used by one of the 3D programs on the Amiga. The
>only tools around are comercial for that conversion.

Hijaak claims to convert .dxf to .iff, although Hijaak claims some stuff
that I have never gotten to work (for example, not long ago I tried to
convert some .iff files from an Amiga video toaster (using CrossDos, so my
PC could read the disks) int Targa files.  Hijaak made some gorgeous 1.5
megabyte Targa files from the .iffs -- all totally black!


+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 Mac McDougald                   *   Any opinions expressed herein 
 The Photography Center          *   are not necessarily (actually,
 Univ. of Tenn. Knoxville 37996  *   are almost CERTAINLY NOT) those
 mac@utkvx.utk.edu               *   of The University of Tennessee. 
 mac@utkvx.bitnet                *      
 (615-974-3449)                  *   "Things are more like they are now     
 (615-974-6435) FAX              *    than they've ever been before."
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
            

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39068
From: R5321GAB@vm.univie.ac.at
Subject: Tel.# for 3D scanners needed!

Hello all,
   I need to make  some torso 3D scans and would like the phone numbers of
companies in the midwest that make scans, and the numbers of companies that
make the sanners (ie Cyberware). Does anyone have an idea of how much a
single scan costs and the best format to save it in? I am not sure on what
software platform I will be using it in, probably either Softimage or
Wavefront. So I think a spline based format would be best. Please forward the
numbers to me personally as I am having problems accessing USENET lately.
Thanks in advance!
 
Patrick Maun
r5321gab@awiuni11.edvz.univie.ac.at
St. Paul MN

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39069
From: aad@scr.siemens.com (Anthony A. Datri)
Subject: Re: Oh make up your mind!! (was: Re: XV problems)

>    a) XV can Load a 24 bit image, and display it in all it's
>24 bit glory on 24 bit X displays.
>    b) All other operations (Crop, Dither, Smooth, etc.) are not
>supported on 24 bit images.

>how hard would this be?

Not very -- you just type "xloadimage" or "getx11" instead of "xv".
-- 

======================================================================8--<

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39070
From: rws2v@uvacs.cs.Virginia.EDU (Richard Stoakley)
Subject: 3D modelers for UNIX

Could someone please post a list of good three-D modelers that will
run on SPARC stations; preferably cheap.  Thanks

Richard
rws2v@virginia.edu



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39071
From: krsear02@ulkyvx.louisville.edu (Kendall 'Opusii' Sears)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

>Where did the hacker ethic go?
>
>We hackers of the 70's and 80' are now comfortably employed
>and supporting families.  The next generation takes
>the radical lead now.  Don't look for radicalism among us
>old ones; we're gone...

Perhaps all of us hackers have become (ICK) PROFESSIONALS?  I have noticed
my and my associates progression from hackers to computer professionals.
It is rather distasteful.  It occurs when a series of things happen:

   1) one's ego outgrows one's talent/knowledge
   2) one's financial situation takes precedence
   3) A change in priorities (esp. family) possibly leading to 2)
   4) the hacker's attitude makes the shift from "fun" to "work"
   5) one's vocation burns away the creativity needed for "the hobby"

or the biggest killer (IMO)

   6) one's dreams are (sadly) shattered on the hard rocks of society's
      version of reality.  Without the dream the motivation dies, without
      the motivation the effort seems useless.

Another set of problems stems from our children.  While most of us remember
when there were several completely different computer systems, our children
are growing up with just a few choices (MSDOS/Mac/Amiga) and do not enjoy
the diversity we did.  I remember the great computer fallout of the early
eighties vividly as I was forced to stop using skills developed for systems
that were now dead.  The diversity of systems before then allowed for widely
divergent paradigms.  That period forced hackers to continually learn new
systems in the attempt to keep up.  Not to mention that if a program was
needed we were forced (in most situations) to write it ourselves as a
commercial offering was just not available.  Now our children are being
taught the "user" mentality.  As the number of us "old-timers" dwindle we are
not being replaced by the next generation.

Kendall.
-- 
   Kendall Sears                           krsear02@ulkyvx.louisville.edu
   Programmer                             ///
   Child Development Unit                /// Amiga
   Department of Pediatrics          \\\/// Currently running AmigaOS 3.0
   University of Louisville           \XX/ And Supporting Unix Sys V Rev 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Life is a game you play once.  In order to win you must make a difference.
             Remember:  This is not a practice session.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39072
From: pbenson@ecst.csuchico.edu (Paul A. Benson)
Subject: "What is Smithsonian Institution ftp address ?"

Does antone know the ftp address for the Smithsonian Institution
where one can get digitized photographs, etc ?
Please reply by email to 
pbenson@cscihp.ecst.csuchico.edu

Thanks

Paul Benson


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39073
From: krs@allegra.att.com (K. R. Subramanian)
Subject: Companies involved with Scientific Visualization...

If anyone has a list of companies doing data visualization (software
or hardware) I would like to hear from them.  Thanks.

	-- krs
-- 

K.R.Subramanian                               Ph:     (908) 582-6346
AT&T Bell Laboratories, Rm. 2A240             email : krs@research.att.com
600 Mountain Av.
Murray Hill, NJ 07974

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39074
From: cfury@csugrad.cs.vt.edu (Chris Fury)
Subject: Re: Help needed: DXF ---> IFF

Blue-Knight@bknight.jpr.com (Yury German) writes:

>	.DXF can not be changed over to .IFF format what it can be changed
>to is an object format used by one of the 3D programs on the Amiga. The
>only tools around are comercial for that conversion.

Actually, IFF is a *format standard*.  It is not a picture file format, sound
file format, but there exist several formats that use the IFF standard.  The
IFF picture standard used by mostly everybody is a FORM ILBM (or just ILBM).
The only 3D IFF specification I know of is TDDD, which is used by Imagine and
it's predecessor, Turbo Silver.   It is possible that some of the other Amiga
packages use another *IFF* spec, but I don't know of any.  Lightwave will load
TDDD FORM's I believe.

--
Christopher B. Fury        |  This space for rent. 
cfury@csugrad.cs.vt.edu    |  Call 1-900-QUOTEME for more information.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39075
From: zyeh@caspian.usc.edu (zhenghao yeh)
Subject: Definition of Occlusion


Hi! Everyone,

I don't clearly understand 'occlusion' in computer graphics.
Would you please give me an explanation?

BTW, what's the difference between 'occluded surface' and opaque surface?

Thanks in advance.

Yeh
USC



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39076
From: aaronh@mksol.dseg.ti.com (Aaron Hightower)
Subject: Re: What is 3dO?

In <1rs6giINN6hk@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu> lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu writes:

>Someone please fill me in on what 3do.
>Thanks,
>BH

There is a review of 3DO in the latest "wired" magazine.  You may just want
to take a trip to the local bookstore and check it out (there's some cool pics
too).

(I haven't read it yet, or I'd tell you more.. :-)

- Aaron Hightower

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39077
From: prxfalken@email.teaser.com ( Pascal  Guillaumet)
Subject: Re: OAK VGA 1Mb. Please, I needd VESA TSR!!! 8^)

  Simple !!  Look for VESA drivers in VPIC 6.0e package !!
Many SVGA card supported. Look for it on your favorite BBS.

--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Not tonight honey, i just received my Nuvotel :-]


prxfalken@email.teaser.com
Pascal GUILLAUMET
3614 TEASER
ISSY LES MOULINEAUX
FRANCE

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39078
From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: JPEG image compression: Frequently Asked Questions

Archive-name: jpeg-faq
Last-modified: 2 May 1993

This FAQ article discusses JPEG image compression.  Suggestions for
additions and clarifications are welcome.

New since version of 18 April 1993:
  * New version of XV supports 24-bit viewing for X Windows.
  * New versions of DVPEG & Image Alchemy for DOS.
  * New versions of Image Archiver & PMView for OS/2.
  * New listing: MGIF for monochrome-display Ataris.


This article includes the following sections:

[1]  What is JPEG?
[2]  Why use JPEG?
[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?
[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?
    [6A] "canned" software, viewers, etc.
    [6B] source code
[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
[8]  How does JPEG work?
[9]  What about lossless JPEG?
[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?
[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
[12]  What about arithmetic coding?
[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

Sections 1-6 are basic info that every JPEG user needs to know;
sections 7-14 are advanced info for the curious.

This article is posted every 2 weeks.  You can always find the latest version
in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu (18.70.0.226).  By FTP, fetch
/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq; or if you don't have FTP, send e-mail to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with body "send usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq".
Many other FAQ articles are also stored in this archive.  For more
instructions on use of the archive, send e-mail to the same address with the
words "help" and "index" (no quotes) on separate lines.  If you don't get a
reply, the server may be misreading your return address; add a line such as
"path myname@mysite" to specify your correct e-mail address to reply to.


----------


[1]  What is JPEG?

JPEG (pronounced "jay-peg") is a standardized image compression mechanism.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the
committee that wrote the standard.  JPEG is designed for compressing either
full-color or gray-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes.
It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line
drawings.

JPEG does not handle black-and-white (1-bit-per-pixel) images, nor does it
handle motion picture compression.  Standards for compressing those types
of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG
respectively.

JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in.  The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitations of the human eye, notably
the fact that small color details aren't perceived as well as small details
of light-and-dark.  Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images that will
be looked at by humans.  If you plan to machine-analyze your images, the
small errors introduced by JPEG may be a problem for you, even if they are
invisible to the eye.

A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by
adjusting compression parameters.  This means that the image maker can trade
off file size against output image quality.  You can make *extremely* small
files if you don't mind poor quality; this is useful for indexing image
archives, making thumbnail views or icons, etc. etc.  Conversely, if you
aren't happy with the output quality at the default compression setting, you
can jack up the quality until you are satisfied, and accept lesser compression.


[2]  Why use JPEG?

There are two good reasons: to make your image files smaller, and to store
24-bit-per-pixel color data instead of 8-bit-per-pixel data.

Making image files smaller is a big win for transmitting files across
networks and for archiving libraries of images.  Being able to compress a
2 Mbyte full-color file down to 100 Kbytes or so makes a big difference in
disk space and transmission time!  (If you are comparing GIF and JPEG, the
size ratio is more like four to one.  More details below.)

If your viewing software doesn't support JPEG directly, you'll have to
convert JPEG to some other format for viewing or manipulating images.  Even
with a JPEG-capable viewer, it takes longer to decode and view a JPEG image
than to view an image of a simpler format (GIF, for instance).  Thus, using
JPEG is essentially a time/space tradeoff: you give up some time in order to
store or transmit an image more cheaply.

It's worth noting that when network or phone transmission is involved, the
time savings from transferring a shorter file can be much greater than the
extra time to decompress the file.  I'll let you do the arithmetic yourself.

The other reason why JPEG will gradually replace GIF as a standard Usenet
posting format is that JPEG can store full color information: 24 bits/pixel
(16 million colors) instead of 8 or less (256 or fewer colors).  If you have
only 8-bit display hardware then this may not seem like much of an advantage
to you.  Within a couple of years, though, 8-bit GIF will look as obsolete as
black-and-white MacPaint format does today.  Furthermore, for reasons detailed
in section 7, JPEG is far more useful than GIF for exchanging images among
people with widely varying color display hardware.  Hence JPEG is considerably
more appropriate than GIF for use as a Usenet posting standard.


[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?

JPEG is *not* going to displace GIF entirely; for some types of images,
GIF is superior in image quality, file size, or both.  One of the first
things to learn about JPEG is which kinds of images to apply it to.

As a rule of thumb, JPEG is superior to GIF for storing full-color or
gray-scale images of "realistic" scenes; that means scanned photographs and
similar material.  JPEG is superior even if you don't have 24-bit display
hardware, and it is a LOT superior if you do.  (See section 7 for details.)

GIF does significantly better on images with only a few distinct colors,
such as cartoons and line drawings.  In particular, large areas of pixels
that are all *exactly* the same color are compressed very efficiently indeed
by GIF.  JPEG can't squeeze these files as much as GIF does without
introducing visible defects.  This sort of image is best kept in GIF form.
(In particular, single-color borders are quite cheap in GIF files, but they
should be avoided in JPEG files.)

JPEG also has a hard time with very sharp edges: a row of pure-black pixels
adjacent to a row of pure-white pixels, for example.  Sharp edges tend to
come out blurred unless you use a very high quality setting.  Again, this
sort of thing is not found in scanned photographs, but it shows up fairly
often in GIF files: borders, overlaid text, etc.  The blurriness is
particularly objectionable with text that's only a few pixels high.
If you have a GIF with a lot of small-size overlaid text, don't JPEG it.

Computer-drawn images (ray-traced scenes, for instance) usually fall between
scanned images and cartoons in terms of complexity.  The more complex and
subtly rendered the image, the more likely that JPEG will do well on it.
The same goes for semi-realistic artwork (fantasy drawings and such).

Plain black-and-white (two level) images should never be converted to JPEG.
You need at least about 16 gray levels before JPEG is useful for gray-scale
images.  It should also be noted that GIF is lossless for gray-scale images
of up to 256 levels, while JPEG is not.

If you have an existing library of GIF images, you may wonder whether you
should convert them to JPEG.  You will lose a little image quality if you do.
(Section 7, which argues that JPEG image quality is superior to GIF, only
applies if both formats start from a full-color original.  If you start from
a GIF, you've already irretrievably lost a great deal of information; JPEG
can only make things worse.)  However, the disk space savings may justify
converting anyway.  This is a decision you'll have to make for yourself.
If you do convert a GIF library to JPEG, see section 14 for hints.  Be
prepared to leave some images in GIF format, since some GIFs will not
convert well.


[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?

Pretty darn well.  Here are some sample file sizes for an image I have
handy, a 727x525 full-color image of a ship in a harbor.  The first three
files are for comparison purposes; the rest were created with the free JPEG
software described in section 6B.

File	   Size in bytes		Comments

ship.ppm	1145040  Original file in PPM format (no compression; 24 bits
			 or 3 bytes per pixel, plus a few bytes overhead)
ship.ppm.Z	 963829  PPM file passed through Unix compress
			 compress doesn't accomplish a lot, you'll note.
			 Other text-oriented compressors give similar results.
ship.gif	 240438  Converted to GIF with ppmquant -fs 256 | ppmtogif
			 Most of the savings is the result of losing color
			 info: GIF saves 8 bits/pixel, not 24.  (See sec. 7.)

ship.jpg95	 155622  cjpeg -Q 95    (highest useful quality setting)
			 This is indistinguishable from the 24-bit original,
			 at least to my nonprofessional eyeballs.
ship.jpg75	  58009  cjpeg -Q 75    (default setting)
			 You have to look mighty darn close to distinguish this
			 from the original, even with both on-screen at once.
ship.jpg50	  38406  cjpeg -Q 50
			 This has slight defects; if you know what to look
			 for, you could tell it's been JPEGed without seeing
			 the original.  Still as good image quality as many
			 recent postings in Usenet pictures groups.
ship.jpg25	  25192  cjpeg -Q 25
			 JPEG's characteristic "blockiness" becomes apparent
			 at this setting (djpeg -blocksmooth helps some).
			 Still, I've seen plenty of Usenet postings that were
			 of poorer image quality than this.
ship.jpg5o	   6587  cjpeg -Q 5 -optimize  (-optimize cuts table overhead)
			 Blocky, but perfectly satisfactory for preview or
			 indexing purposes.  Note that this file is TINY:
			 the compression ratio from the original is 173:1 !

In this case JPEG can make a file that's a factor of four or five smaller
than a GIF of comparable quality (the -Q 75 file is every bit as good as the
GIF, better if you have a full-color display).  This seems to be a typical
ratio for real-world scenes.


[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?

Most JPEG compressors let you pick a file size vs. image quality tradeoff by
selecting a quality setting.  There seems to be widespread confusion about
the meaning of these settings.  "Quality 95" does NOT mean "keep 95% of the
information", as some have claimed.  The quality scale is purely arbitrary;
it's not a percentage of anything.

The name of the game in using JPEG is to pick the lowest quality setting
(smallest file size) that decompresses into an image indistinguishable from
the original.  This setting will vary from one image to another and from one
observer to another, but here are some rules of thumb.

The default quality setting (-Q 75) is very often the best choice.  This
setting is about the lowest you can go without expecting to see defects in a
typical image.  Try -Q 75 first; if you see defects, then go up.  Except for
experimental purposes, never go above -Q 95; saying -Q 100 will produce a
file two or three times as large as -Q 95, but of hardly any better quality.

If the image was less than perfect quality to begin with, you might be able to
go down to -Q 50 without objectionable degradation.  On the other hand, you
might need to go to a HIGHER quality setting to avoid further degradation.
The second case seems to apply much of the time when converting GIFs to JPEG.
The default -Q 75 is about right for compressing 24-bit images, but -Q 85 to
95 is usually better for converting GIFs (see section 14 for more info).

If you want a very small file (say for preview or indexing purposes) and are
prepared to tolerate large defects, a -Q setting in the range of 5 to 10 is
about right.  -Q 2 or so may be amusing as "op art".

(Note: the quality settings discussed in this article apply to the free JPEG
software described in section 6B, and to many programs based on it.  Other
JPEG implementations, such as Image Alchemy, may use a completely different
quality scale.  Some programs don't even provide a numeric scale, just
"high"/"medium"/"low"-style choices.)


[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?

Most of the programs described in this section are available by FTP.
If you don't know how to use FTP, see the FAQ article "How to find sources".
(If you don't have direct access to FTP, read about ftpmail servers in the
same article.)  That article appears regularly in news.answers, or you can
get it by sending e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
"send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.  The "Anonymous FTP
List FAQ" may also be helpful --- it's usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq in
the news.answers archive.

NOTE: this list changes constantly.  If you have a copy more than a couple
months old, get the latest JPEG FAQ from the news.answers archive.


[6A]  If you are looking for "canned" software, viewers, etc:

The first part of this list is system-specific programs that only run on one
kind of system.  If you don't see what you want for your machine, check out
the portable JPEG software described at the end of the list.  Note that this
list concentrates on free and shareware programs that you can obtain over
Internet; but some commercial programs are listed too.

X Windows:

XV (shareware, $25) is an excellent viewer for JPEG, GIF, and many other
image formats.  It can also do format conversion and some simple image
manipulations.  It's available for FTP from export.lcs.mit.edu (18.24.0.12),
file contrib/xv-3.00.tar.Z.  Version 3.00 is a major upgrade with support
for 24-bit displays and many other improvements; however, it is brand new
and still has some bugs lurking.  If you prefer not to be on the bleeding
edge, stick with version 2.21, also available from export.  Note that
version 2.21 is not a good choice if you have a 24-bit display (you'll get
only 8-bit color), nor for converting 24-bit images to JPEG.  But 2.21 works
fine for converting GIF and other 8-bit images to JPEG.  CAUTION: there is a
glitch in version 2.21: be sure to check the "save at normal size" checkbox
when saving a JPEG file, or the file will be blurry.

Another good choice for X Windows is John Cristy's free ImageMagick package,
also available from export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.
This package handles many image processing and conversion tasks.  The
ImageMagick viewer handles 24-bit displays correctly; for colormapped
displays, it does better (though slower) color quantization than XV or the
basic free JPEG software.

Both of the above are large, complex packages.  If you just want a simple
image viewer, try xloadimage or xli.  xloadimage supports JPEG in its latest
release, 3.03.  xloadimage is free and available from export.lcs.mit.edu,
file contrib/xloadimage-3.03.tar.Z.  xli is a variant version of xloadimage,
said by its fans to be somewhat faster and more robust than the original.
(The current xli is indeed faster and more robust than the current
xloadimage, at least with respect to JPEG files, because it has the IJG v4
decoder while xloadimage 3.03 is using a hacked-over v1.  The next
xloadimage release will fix this.)  xli is also free and available from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/xli.1.14.tar.Z.  Both programs are said
to do the right thing with 24-bit displays.


MS-DOS:

This covers plain DOS; for Windows or OS/2 programs, see the next headings.

One good choice is Eric Praetzel's free DVPEG, which views JPEG and GIF files.
The current version, 2.5, is available by FTP from sunee.uwaterloo.ca
(129.97.50.50), file pub/jpeg/viewers/dvpeg25.zip.  This is a good basic
viewer that works on either 286 or 386/486 machines.  The user interface is
not flashy, but it's functional.

Another freeware JPEG/GIF/TGA viewer is Mohammad Rezaei's Hiview.  The
current version, 1.2, is available from Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
below), file msdos/graphics/hv12.zip.  Hiview requires a 386 or better CPU
and a VCPI-compatible memory manager (QEMM386 and 386MAX work; Windows and
OS/2 do not).  Hiview is currently the fastest viewer for images that are no
bigger than your screen.  For larger images, it scales the image down to fit
on the screen (rather than using panning/scrolling as most viewers do).
You may or may not prefer this approach, but there's no denying that it
slows down loading of large images considerably.  Note: installation is a
bit tricky; read the directions carefully!

A shareware alternative is ColorView for DOS ($30).  This is easier to
install than either of the two freeware alternatives.  Its user interface is
also much spiffier-looking, although personally I find it harder to use ---
more keystrokes, inconsistent behavior.  It is faster than DVPEG but a
little slower than Hiview, at least on my hardware.  (For images larger than
screen size, DVPEG and ColorView seem to be about the same speed, and both
are faster than Hiview.)  The current version is 2.1, available from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/dcview21.zip.
Requires a VESA graphics driver; if you don't have one, look in vesadrv2.zip
or vesa-tsr.zip from the same directory.  (Many recent PCs have a built-in
VESA driver, so don't try to load a VESA driver unless ColorView complains
that the driver is missing.)

A second shareware alternative is Fullview, which has been kicking around
the net for a while, but I don't know any stable archive location for it.
The current (rather old) version is inferior to the above viewers anyway.
The author tells me that a new version of Fullview will be out shortly
and it will be submitted to the Simtel20 archives at that time.

The well-known GIF viewer CompuShow (CSHOW) supports JPEG in its latest
revision, 8.60a.  However, CSHOW's JPEG implementation isn't very good:
it's slow (about half the speed of the above viewers) and image quality is
poor except on hi-color displays.  Too bad ... it'd have been nice to see a
good JPEG capability in CSHOW.  Shareware, $25.  Available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/gif/cshw860a.zip.

Due to the remarkable variety of PC graphics hardware, any one of these
viewers might not work on your particular machine.  If you can't get *any*
of them to work, you'll need to use one of the following conversion programs
to convert JPEG to GIF, then view with your favorite GIF viewer.  (If you
have hi-color hardware, don't use GIF as the intermediate format; try to
find a TARGA-capable viewer instead.  VPIC5.0 is reputed to do the right
thing with hi-color displays.)

The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG converters are FTPable from Simtel20
and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/jpeg4.zip (or
jpeg4386.zip if you have a 386 and extended memory).  These files are DOS
compilations of the free source code described in section 6B; they will
convert JPEG to and from GIF, Targa, and PPM formats.

Handmade Software offers free JPEG<=>GIF conversion tools, GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF.
These are slow and are limited to conversion to and from GIF format; in
particular, you can't get 24-bit color output from a JPEG.  The major
advantage of these tools is that they will read and write HSI's proprietary
JPEG format as well as the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Since HSI-format
files are rather widespread on BBSes, this is a useful capability.  Version
2.0 of these tools is free (prior versions were shareware).  Get it from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/gif2jpg2.zip.
NOTE: do not use HSI format for files to be posted on Internet, since it is
not readable on non-PC platforms.

Handmade Software also has a shareware image conversion and manipulation
package, Image Alchemy.  This will translate JPEG files (both JFIF and HSI
formats) to and from many other image formats.  It can also display images.
A demo version of Image Alchemy version 1.6.2 is available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/alch162.zip.

NOTE ABOUT SIMTEL20: The Internet's key archive site for PC-related programs
is Simtel20, full name wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (192.88.110.20).  Simtel20
runs a non-Unix system with weird directory names; where this document
refers to directory (eg) "msdos/graphics" at Simtel20, that really means
"pd1:<msdos.graphics>".  If you are not physically on MILnet, you should
expect rather slow FTP transfer rates from Simtel20.  There are several
Internet sites that maintain copies (mirrors) of the Simtel20 archives;
most FTP users should go to one of the mirror sites instead.  A popular USA
mirror site is oak.oakland.edu (141.210.10.117), which keeps Simtel20 files
in (eg) "/pub/msdos/graphics".  If you have no FTP capability, you can
retrieve files from Simtel20 by e-mail; see informational postings in
comp.archives.msdos.announce to find out how.  If you are outside the USA,
consult the same newsgroup to learn where your nearest Simtel20 mirror is.

Microsoft Windows:

There are several Windows programs capable of displaying JPEG images.
(Windows viewers are generally slower than DOS viewers on the same hardware,
due to Windows' system overhead.  Note that you can run the DOS conversion
programs described above inside a Windows DOS window.)

The newest entry is WinECJ, which is free and EXTREMELY fast.  Version 1.0
is available from ftp.rahul.net, file /pub/bryanw/pc/jpeg/wecj.zip.
Requires Windows 3.1 and 256-or-more-colors mode.  This is a no-frills
viewer with the bad habit of hogging the machine completely while it
decodes; and the image quality is noticeably worse than other viewers.
But it's so fast you'll use it anyway, at least for previewing...

JView is freeware, fairly fast, has good on-line help, and can write out the
decompressed image in Windows BMP format; but it can't create new JPEG
files, and it doesn't view GIFs.  JView also lacks some other useful
features of the shareware viewers (such as brightness adjustment), but it's
an excellent basic viewer.  The current version, 0.9, is available from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84), file pub/pc/win3/desktop/jview090.zip.
(Mirrors of this archive can be found at some other Internet sites,
including wuarchive.wustl.edu.)

WinJPEG (shareware, $20) displays JPEG,GIF,Targa,TIFF, and BMP image files;
it can write all of these formats too, so it can be used as a converter.
It has some other nifty features including color-balance adjustment and
slideshow.  The current version is 2.1, available from Simtel20 and mirror
sites (see NOTE above), file msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip.  (This is a slow
286-compatible version; if you register, you'll get the 386-only version,
which is roughly 25% faster.)

ColorView is another shareware entry ($30).  This was an early and promising
contender, but it has not been updated in some time, and at this point it
has no real advantages over WinJPEG.  If you want to try it anyway, the
current version is 0.97, available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, file
pub/pc/win3/desktop/cview097.zip.  (I understand that a new version will
be appearing once the authors are finished with ColorView for DOS.)

DVPEG (see DOS heading) also works under Windows, but only in full-screen
mode, not in a window.

OS/2:

The following files are available from hobbes.nmsu.edu (128.123.35.151).
Note: check /pub/uploads for more recent versions --- the hobbes moderator
is not very fast about moving uploads into their permanent directories.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/jpegv4.zip
    32-bit version of free IJG conversion programs, version 4.
/pub/os2/all/graphics/jpeg4-16.zip
    16-bit version of same, for OS/2 1.x.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/imgarc12.zip
    Image Archiver 1.02: image conversion/viewing with PM graphical interface.
    Strong on conversion functions, viewing is a bit weaker.  Shareware, $15.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmjpeg11.zip
    PMJPEG 1.1: OS/2 2.x port of WinJPEG, a popular viewer for Windows
    (see description in Windows section).  Shareware, $20.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmview85.zip
    PMView 0.85: JPEG/GIF/BMP viewer.  GIF viewing very fast, JPEG viewing
    fast if you have huge amounts of RAM, otherwise about the same speed
    as the above programs.  Strong 24-bit display support.  Shareware, $20.

Macintosh:

Most Mac JPEG programs rely on Apple's JPEG implementation, which is part of
the QuickTime system extension; so you need to have QuickTime installed.
To use QuickTime, you need a 68020 or better CPU and you need to be running
System 6.0.7 or later.  (If you're running System 6, you must also install
the 32-bit QuickDraw extension; this is built-in on System 7.)  You can get
QuickTime by FTP from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/quicktime.hqx.
(As of 11/92, this file contains QuickTime 1.5, which is better than QT 1.0
in several ways.  With respect to JPEG, it is marginally faster and
considerably less prone to crash when fed a corrupt JPEG file.  However,
some applications seem to have compatibility problems with QT 1.5.)

Mac users should keep in mind that QuickTime's JPEG format, PICT/JPEG, is
not the same as the Usenet-standard JFIF JPEG format.  (See section 10 for
details.)  If you post images on Usenet, make sure they are in JFIF format.
Most of the programs mentioned below can generate either format.

The first choice is probably JPEGView, a free program for viewing images
that are in JFIF format, PICT/JPEG format, or GIF format.  It also can
convert between the two JPEG formats.  The current version, 2.0, is a big
improvement over prior versions.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
(36.44.0.6), file /info-mac/app/jpeg-view-20.hqx.  Requires System 7 and
QuickTime.  On 8-bit displays, JPEGView usually produces the best color
image quality of all the currently available Mac JPEG viewers.  JPEGView can
view large images in much less memory than other Mac viewers; in fact, it's
the only one that can deal with JPEG images much over 640x480 pixels on a
typical 4MB Mac.  Given a large image, JPEGView automatically scales it down
to fit on the screen, rather than presenting scroll bars like most other
viewers.  (You can zoom in on any desired portion, though.)  Some people
like this behavior, some don't.  Overall, JPEGView's user interface is very
well thought out.

GIFConverter, a shareware ($40) image viewer/converter, supports JFIF and
PICT/JPEG, as well as GIF and several other image formats.  The latest
version is 2.3.2.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/art/gif/gif-converter-232.hqx.  Requires System 6.0.5 or later.
GIFConverter is not better than JPEGView as a plain JPEG/GIF viewer, but
it has much more extensive image manipulation and format conversion
capabilities, so you may find it worth its shareware fee if you do a lot of
playing around with images.  Also, the newest version of GIFConverter can
load and save JFIF images *without* QuickTime, so it is your best bet if
your machine is too old to run QuickTime.  (But it's faster with QuickTime.)
Note: If GIFConverter runs out of memory trying to load a large JPEG, try
converting the file to GIF with JPEG Convert, then viewing the GIF version.

JPEG Convert, a Mac version of the free IJG JPEG conversion utilities, is
available from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file /info-mac/app/jpeg-convert-10.hqx.
This will run on any Mac, but it only does file conversion, not viewing.
You can use it in conjunction with any GIF viewer.

Previous versions of this FAQ recommended Imagery JPEG v0.6, a JPEG<=>GIF
converter based on an old version of the IJG code.  If you are using this
program, you definitely should replace it with JPEG Convert.

Apple's free program PictPixie can view images in JFIF, QuickTime JPEG, and
GIF format, and can convert between these formats.  You can get PictPixie
from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/qt.1.0.stuff/pictpixie.hqx.
Requires QuickTime.  PictPixie was intended as a developer's tool, and it's
really not the best choice unless you like to fool around with QuickTime.
Some of its drawbacks are that it requires lots of memory, it produces
relatively poor color image quality on anything less than a 24-bit display,
and it has a relatively unfriendly user interface.  Worse, PictPixie is an
unsupported program, meaning it has some minor bugs that Apple does not
intend to fix.  (There is an old version of PictPixie, called
PICTCompressor, floating around the net.  If you have this you should trash
it, as it's even buggier.  Also, the QuickTime Starter Kit includes a much
cleaned-up descendant of PictPixie called Picture Compressor.  Note that
Picture Compressor is NOT free and may not be distributed on the net.)

Storm Technology's Picture Decompress is a free JPEG viewer/converter.
This rather old program is inferior to the above programs in many ways, but
it will run without System 7 or QuickTime, so you may be forced to use it on
older systems.  (It does need 32-bit QuickDraw, so really old machines can't
use it.)  You can get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/app/picture-decompress-201.hqx.  You must set the file type of a
downloaded image file to 'JPEG' to allow Picture Decompress to open it.

If your machine is too old to run 32-bit QuickDraw (a Mac Plus for instance),
GIFConverter is your only choice for single-program JPEG viewing.  If you
don't want to pay for GIFConverter, use JPEG Convert and a free GIF viewer.

More and more commercial Mac applications are supporting JPEG, although not
all can deal with the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Adobe Photoshop, version
2.0.1 or later, can read and write JFIF-format JPEG files (use the JPEG
plug-in from the Acquire menu).  You must set the file type of a downloaded
JPEG file to 'JPEG' to allow Photoshop to recognize it.

Amiga:

(Most programs listed in this section are stored in the AmiNet archive at
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (130.60.80.80).  There are many mirror sites of this
archive and you should try to use the closest one.  In the USA, a good
choice is wuarchive.wustl.edu; look under /mirrors/amiga.physik.unizh.ch/...)

HamLab Plus is an excellent JPEG viewer/converter, as well as being a
general image manipulation tool.  It's cheap (shareware, $20) and can read
several formats besides JPEG.  The current version is 2.0.8.  A demo version
is available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/edit/hamlab208d.lha.  The demo version will crop images larger
than 512x512, but it is otherwise fully functional.

Rend24 (shareware, $30) is an image renderer that can display JPEG, ILBM,
and GIF images.  The program can be used to create animations, even
capturing frames on-the-fly from rendering packages like Lightwave.  The
current version is 1.05, available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror
sites), file amiga/os30/gfx/rend105.lha.  (Note: although this directory is
supposedly for AmigaDOS 3.0 programs, the program will also run under
AmigaDOS 1.3, 2.04 or 2.1.)

Viewtek is a free JPEG/ILBM/GIF/ANIM viewer.  The current version is 1.04,
available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/show/ViewTek104.lha.

If you're willing to spend real money, there are several commercial packages
that support JPEG.  Two are written by Thomas Krehbiel, the author of Rend24
and Viewtek.  These are CineMorph, a standalone image morphing package, and
ImageFX, an impressive 24-bit image capture, conversion, editing, painting,
effects and prepress package that also includes CineMorph.  Both are
distributed by Great Valley Products.  Art Department Professional (ADPro),
from ASDG Inc, is the most widely used commercial image manipulation
software for Amigas.  ImageMaster, from Black Belt Systems, is another
well-regarded commercial graphics package with JPEG support.

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Amigas from
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites) in directory amiga/gfx/conv, file
AmigaJPEGV4.lha.  These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM,GIF,Targa formats.

The Amiga world is heavily infested with quick-and-dirty JPEG programs, many
based on an ancient beta-test version of the free IJG JPEG software (thanks
to a certain magazine that published same on its disk-of-the-month, without
so much as notifying the authors).  Among these are "AugJPEG", "NewAmyJPEG",
"VJPEG", and probably others I have not even heard of.  In my opinion,
anything older than IJG version 3 (March 1992) is not worth the disk space
it's stored on; if you have such a program, trash it and get something newer.

Atari ST:

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Atari ST, TT, etc,
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/jpeg4bin.zoo.
These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM, GIF, Targa formats.

For monochrome ST monitors, try MGIF, which manages to achieve four-level
grayscale effect by flickering.  Version 4.1 reads JPEG files.  Available
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/mgif41b.zoo.

I have not heard of any other free or shareware JPEG-capable viewers for
Ataris, but surely there must be some by now?  Pointers appreciated.

Acorn Archimedes:

!ChangeFSI, supplied with RISC OS 3 version 3.10, can convert from and view
JPEG JFIF format.  Provision is also made to convert images to JPEG,
although this must be done from the CLI rather than by double-clicking.

Recent versions (since 7.11) of the shareware program Translator can handle
JPEG, along with about 30 other image formats.  While older versions can be
found on some Archimedes bboards, the current version is only available by
registering with the author, John Kortink, Nutterbrink 31, 7544 WJ, Enschede,
The Netherlands.  Price 35 Dutch guilders (about $22 or 10 pounds).

There's also a commercial product called !JPEG which provides JPEG read/write
functionality and direct JPEG viewing, as well as a host of other image
format conversion and processing options.  This is more expensive but not
necessarily better than the above programs.  Contact: DT Software, FREEPOST,
Cambridge, UK.  Tel: 0223 841099.


Portable software for almost any system:

If none of the above fits your situation, you can obtain and compile the free
JPEG conversion software described in 6B.  You'll also need a viewer program.
If your display is 8 bits or less, any GIF viewer will do fine; if you have a
display with more color capability, try to find a viewer that can read Targa
or PPM 24-bit image files.

There are numerous commercial JPEG offerings, with more popping up every
day.  I recommend that you not spend money on one of these unless you find
the available free or shareware software vastly too slow.  In that case,
purchase a hardware-assisted product.  Ask pointed questions about whether
the product complies with the final JPEG standard and about whether it can
handle the JFIF file format; many of the earliest commercial releases are
not and never will be compatible with anyone else's files.


[6B]  If you are looking for source code to work with:

Free, portable C code for JPEG compression is available from the Independent
JPEG Group, which I lead.  A package containing our source code,
documentation, and some small test files is available from several places.
The "official" archive site for this source code is ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9
or 192.48.96.9).  Look under directory /graphics/jpeg; the current release
is jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z.  (This is a compressed TAR file; don't forget to
retrieve in binary mode.)  You can retrieve this file by FTP or UUCP.
If you are on a PC and don't know how to cope with .tar.Z format, you may
prefer ZIP format, which you can find at Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
above), file msdos/graphics/jpegsrc4.zip.  This file will also be available on
CompuServe, in the GRAPHSUPPORT forum (GO PICS), library 15, as jpsrc4.zip.
If you have no FTP access, you can retrieve the source from your nearest
comp.sources.misc archive; version 4 appeared as issues 55-72 of volume 34.
(If you don't know how to retrieve comp.sources.misc postings, see the FAQ
article "How to find sources", referred to at the top of section 6.)

The free JPEG code provides conversion between JPEG "JFIF" format and image
files in GIF, PBMPLUS PPM/PGM, Utah RLE, and Truevision Targa file formats.
The core compression and decompression modules can easily be reused in other
programs, such as image viewers.  The package is highly portable; we have
tested it on many machines ranging from PCs to Crays.

We have released this software for both noncommercial and commercial use.
Companies are welcome to use it as the basis for JPEG-related products.
We do not ask a royalty, although we do ask for an acknowledgement in
product literature (see the README file in the distribution for details).
We hope to make this software industrial-quality --- although, as with
anything that's free, we offer no warranty and accept no liability.

The Independent JPEG Group is a volunteer organization; if you'd like to
contribute to improving our software, you are welcome to join.


[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?

Most people don't have full-color (24 bit per pixel) display hardware.
Typical display hardware stores 8 or fewer bits per pixel, so it can display
256 or fewer distinct colors at a time.  To display a full-color image, the
computer must map the image into an appropriate set of representative
colors.  This process is called "color quantization".  (This is something
of a misnomer, "color selection" would be a better term.  We're stuck with
the standard usage though.)

Clearly, color quantization is a lossy process.  It turns out that for most
images, the details of the color quantization algorithm have MUCH more impact
on the final image quality than do any errors introduced by JPEG (except at
the very lowest JPEG quality settings).

Since JPEG is a full-color format, converting a color JPEG image for display
on 8-bit-or-less hardware requires color quantization.  This is true for
*all* color JPEGs: even if you feed a 256-or-less-color GIF into JPEG, what
comes out of the decompressor is *not* 256 colors, but thousands of colors.
This happens because JPEG's lossiness affects each pixel a little
differently, so two pixels that started with identical colors will probably
come out with slightly different colors.  Each original color gets "smeared"
into a group of nearby colors.  Therefore quantization is always required to
display a color JPEG on a colormapped display, regardless of the image
source.  The only way to avoid quantization is to ask for gray-scale output.

(Incidentally, because of this effect it's nearly meaningless to talk about
the number of colors used by a JPEG image.  Even if you attempted to count
the number of distinct pixel values, different JPEG decoders would give you
different results because of roundoff error differences.  I occasionally see
posted images described as "256-color JPEG".  This tells me that the poster
(a) hasn't read this FAQ and (b) probably converted the JPEG from a GIF.
JPEGs can be classified as color or gray-scale (just like photographs), but
number of colors just isn't a useful concept for JPEG.)

On the other hand, a GIF image by definition has already been quantized to
256 or fewer colors.  (A GIF *does* have a definite number of colors in its
palette, and the format doesn't allow more than 256 palette entries.)
For purposes of Usenet picture distribution, GIF has the advantage that the
sender precomputes the color quantization, so recipients don't have to.
This is also the *disadvantage* of GIF: you're stuck with the sender's
quantization.  If the sender quantized to a different number of colors than
what you can display, you have to re-quantize, resulting in much poorer
image quality than if you had quantized once from a full-color image.
Furthermore, if the sender didn't use a high-quality color quantization
algorithm, you're out of luck.

For this reason, JPEG offers the promise of significantly better image quality
for all users whose machines don't match the sender's display hardware.
JPEG's full color image can be quantized to precisely match the user's display
hardware.  Furthermore, you will be able to take advantage of future
improvements in quantization algorithms (there is a lot of active research in
this area), or purchase better display hardware, to get a better view of JPEG
images you already have.  With a GIF, you're stuck forevermore with what was
sent.

It's also worth mentioning that many GIF-viewing programs include rather
shoddy quantization routines.  If you view a 256-color GIF on a 16-color EGA
display, for example, you are probably getting a much worse image than you
need to.  This is partly an inevitable consequence of doing two color
quantizations (one to create the GIF, one to display it), but often it's
also due to sloppiness.  JPEG conversion programs will be forced to use
high quality quantizers in order to get acceptable results at all, and in
normal use they will quantize directly to the number of colors to be
displayed.  Thus, JPEG is likely to provide better results than the average
GIF program for low-color-resolution displays as well as high-resolution ones!

Finally, an ever-growing number of people have better-than-8-bit display
hardware already: 15-bit "hi-color" PC displays, true 24-bit displays on
workstations and Macintoshes, etc.  For these people, GIF is already
obsolete, as it cannot represent an image to the full capabilities of their
display.  JPEG images can drive these displays much more effectively.
Thus, JPEG is an all-around better choice than GIF for representing images
in a machine-independent fashion.


[8]  How does JPEG work?

The buzz-words to know are chrominance subsampling, discrete cosine
transforms, coefficient quantization, and Huffman or arithmetic entropy
coding.  This article's long enough already, so I'm not going to say more
than that here.  For technical information, see the comp.compression FAQ.
This is available from the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu, in files
/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq/part[1-3].  If you need help in
using the news.answers archive, see the top of this article.


[9]  What about lossless JPEG?

There's a great deal of confusion on this subject.  The JPEG committee did
define a truly lossless compression algorithm, i.e., one that guarantees the
final output is bit-for-bit identical to the original input.  However, this
lossless mode has almost nothing in common with the regular, lossy JPEG
algorithm, and it offers much less compression.  At present, very few
implementations of lossless JPEG exist, and all of them are commercial.

Saying "-Q 100" to the free JPEG software DOES NOT get you a lossless image.
What it does get rid of is deliberate information loss in the coefficient
quantization step.  There is still a good deal of information loss in the
color subsampling step.  (With the V4 free JPEG code, you can also say
"-sample 1x1" to turn off subsampling.  Keep in mind that many commercial
JPEG implementations cannot cope with the resulting file.)

Even with both quantization and subsampling turned off, the regular JPEG
algorithm is not lossless, because it is subject to roundoff errors in
various calculations.  The maximum error is a few counts in any one pixel
value; it's highly unlikely that this could be perceived by the human eye,
but it might be a concern if you are doing machine processing of an image.

At this minimum-loss setting, regular JPEG produces files that are perhaps
half the size of an uncompressed 24-bit-per-pixel image.  True lossless JPEG
provides roughly the same amount of compression, but it guarantees
bit-for-bit accuracy.

If you have an application requiring lossless storage of images with less
than 6 bits per pixel (per color component), you may want to look into the
JBIG bilevel image compression standard.  This performs better than JPEG
lossless on such images.  JPEG lossless is superior to JBIG on images with
6 or more bits per pixel; furthermore, JPEG is public domain (at least with a
Huffman back end), while the JBIG techniques are heavily covered by patents.


[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?

Strictly speaking, JPEG refers only to a family of compression algorithms;
it does *not* refer to a specific image file format.  The JPEG committee was
prevented from defining a file format by turf wars within the international
standards organizations.

Since we can't actually exchange images with anyone else unless we agree on
a common file format, this leaves us with a problem.  In the absence of
official standards, a number of JPEG program writers have just gone off to
"do their own thing", and as a result their programs aren't compatible with
anybody else's.

The closest thing we have to a de-facto standard JPEG format is some work
that's been coordinated by people at C-Cube Microsystems.  They have defined
two JPEG-based file formats:
  * JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), a "low-end" format that transports
    pixels and not much else.
  * TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, an extension of the Aldus TIFF format.  TIFF is
    a "high-end" format that will let you record just about everything you
    ever wanted to know about an image, and a lot more besides :-).  TIFF is
    a lot more complex than JFIF, and may well prove less transportable,
    because different vendors have historically implemented slightly different
    and incompatible subsets of TIFF.  It's not likely that adding JPEG to the
    mix will do anything to improve this situation.
Both of these formats were developed with input from all the major vendors
of JPEG-related products; it's reasonably likely that future commercial
products will adhere to one or both standards.

I believe that Usenet should adopt JFIF as the replacement for GIF in
picture postings.  JFIF is simpler than TIFF and is available now; the
TIFF 6.0 spec has only recently been officially adopted, and it is still
unusably vague on some crucial details.  Even when TIFF/JPEG is well
defined, the JFIF format is likely to be a widely supported "lowest common
denominator"; TIFF/JPEG files may never be as transportable.

A particular case that people may be interested in is Apple's QuickTime
software for the Macintosh.  QuickTime uses a JFIF-compatible format wrapped
inside the Mac-specific PICT structure.  Conversion between JFIF and
QuickTime JPEG is pretty straightforward, and several Mac programs are
available to do it (see Mac portion of section 6A).  If you have an editor
that handles binary files, you can strip a QuickTime JPEG PICT down to JFIF
by hand; see section 11 for details.

Another particular case is Handmade Software's programs (GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF and
Image Alchemy).  These programs are capable of reading and writing JFIF
format.  By default, though, they write a proprietary format developed by
HSI.  This format is NOT readable by any non-HSI programs and should not be
used for Usenet postings.  Use the -j switch to get JFIF output.  (This
applies to old versions of these programs; the current releases emit JFIF
format by default.  You still should be careful not to post HSI-format
files, unless you want to get flamed by people on non-PC platforms.)


[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?

If you have an alleged JPEG file that your software won't read, it's likely
to be HSI format or some other proprietary JPEG-based format.  You can tell
what you have by inspecting the first few bytes of the file:

1.  A JFIF-standard file will start with the characters (hex) FF D8 FF E0,
    followed by two variable bytes (often hex 00 10), followed by 'JFIF'.

2.  If you see FF D8 at the start, but not the rest of it, you may have a
    "raw JPEG" file.  This is probably decodable as-is by JFIF software ---
    it's worth a try, anyway.

3.  HSI files start with 'hsi1'.  You're out of luck unless you have HSI
    software.  Portions of the file may look like plain JPEG data, but they
    won't decompress properly with non-HSI programs.

4.  A Macintosh PICT file, if JPEG-compressed, will have a couple hundred
    bytes of header followed by a JFIF header (scan for 'JFIF').  Strip off
    everything before the FF D8 and you should be able to read it.

5.  Anything else: it's a proprietary format, or not JPEG at all.  If you are
    lucky, the file may consist of a header and a raw JPEG data stream.
    If you can identify the start of the JPEG data stream (look for FF D8),
    try stripping off everything before that.

In uuencoded Usenet postings, the characteristic JFIF pattern is

	"begin" line
	M_]C_X ...

whereas uuencoded HSI files will start with

	"begin" line
	M:'-I ...

If you learn to check for the former, you can save yourself the trouble of
downloading non-JFIF files.


[12]  What about arithmetic coding?

The JPEG spec defines two different "back end" modules for the final output
of compressed data: either Huffman coding or arithmetic coding is allowed.
The choice has no impact on image quality, but arithmetic coding usually
produces a smaller compressed file.  On typical images, arithmetic coding
produces a file 5 or 10 percent smaller than Huffman coding.  (All the
file-size numbers previously cited are for Huffman coding.)

Unfortunately, the particular variant of arithmetic coding specified by the
JPEG standard is subject to patents owned by IBM, AT&T, and Mitsubishi.
Thus *you cannot legally use arithmetic coding* unless you obtain licenses
from these companies.  (The "fair use" doctrine allows people to implement
and test the algorithm, but actually storing any images with it is dubious
at best.)

At least in the short run, I recommend that people not worry about
arithmetic coding; the space savings isn't great enough to justify the
potential legal hassles.  In particular, arithmetic coding *should not*
be used for any images to be exchanged on Usenet.

There is some small chance that the legal situation may change in the
future.  Stay tuned for further details.


[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?

It would be nice if, having compressed an image with JPEG, you could
decompress it, manipulate it (crop off a border, say), and recompress it
without any further image degradation beyond what you lost initially.
Unfortunately THIS IS NOT THE CASE.  In general, recompressing an altered
image loses more information, though usually not as much as was lost the
first time around.

The next best thing would be that if you decompress an image and recompress
it *without changing it* then there is no further loss, i.e., you get an
identical JPEG file.  Even this is not true; at least, not with the current
free JPEG software.  It's essentially a problem of accumulation of roundoff
error.  If you repeatedly compress and decompress, the image will eventually
degrade to where you can see visible changes from the first-generation
output.  (It usually takes many such cycles to get visible change.)
One of the things on our to-do list is to see if accumulation of error can
be avoided or limited, but I am not optimistic about it.

In any case, the most that could possibly be guaranteed would be that
compressing the unmodified full-color output of djpeg, at the original
quality setting, would introduce no further loss.  Even such simple changes
as cropping off a border could cause further roundoff-error degradation.
(If you're wondering why, it's because the pixel-block boundaries move.
If you cropped off only multiples of 16 pixels, you might be safe, but
that's a mighty limited capability!)

The bottom line is that JPEG is a useful format for archival storage and
transmission of images, but you don't want to use it as an intermediate
format for sequences of image manipulation steps.  Use a lossless format
(PPM, RLE, TIFF, etc) while working on the image, then JPEG it when you are
ready to file it away.  Aside from avoiding degradation, you will save a lot
of compression/decompression time this way :-).


[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

As stated earlier, you *will* lose some amount of image information if you
convert an existing GIF image to JPEG.  If you can obtain the original
full-color data the GIF was made from, it's far better to make a JPEG from
that.  But if you need to save space and have only the GIF to work from,
here are some suggestions for getting maximum space savings with minimum
loss of quality.

The first rule when converting a GIF library is to look at each JPEG, to
make sure you are happy with it, before throwing away the corresponding GIF;
that will give you a chance to re-do the conversion with a higher quality
setting if necessary.  Some GIFs may be better left as GIFs, as explained in
section 3; in particular, cartoon-type GIFs with sixteen or fewer colors
don't convert well.  You may find that a JPEG file of reasonable quality
will be *larger* than the GIF.  (So check the sizes too.)

Experience to date suggests that large, high-visual-quality GIFs are the best
candidates for conversion to JPEG.  They chew up the most storage so offer
the most potential savings, and they convert to JPEG with least degradation.
Don't waste your time converting any GIF much under 100 Kbytes.  Also, don't
expect JPEG files converted from GIFs to be as small as those created
directly from full-color originals.  To maintain image quality you may have
to let the converted files be as much as twice as big as straight-through
JPEG files would be (i.e., shoot for 1/2 or 1/3rd the size of the GIF file,
not 1/4th as suggested in earlier comparisons).

Many people have developed an odd habit of putting a large constant-color
border around a GIF image.  While useless, this was nearly free in terms of
storage cost in GIF files.  It is NOT free in JPEG files, and the sharp
border boundary can create visible artifacts ("ghost" edges).  Do yourself
a favor and crop off any border before JPEGing.  (If you are on an X Windows
system, XV's manual and automatic cropping functions are a very painless
way to do this.)

cjpeg's default Q setting of 75 is appropriate for full-color input, but
for GIF inputs, Q settings of 85 to 95 often seem to be necessary to avoid
image degradation.  (If you apply smoothing as suggested below, the higher
Q setting may not be necessary.)

Color GIFs of photographs or complex artwork are usually "dithered" to fool
your eye into seeing more than the 256 colors that GIF can actually store.
If you enlarge the image, you will see that adjacent pixels are often of
significantly different colors; at normal size the eye averages these pixels
together to produce the illusion of an intermediate color value.  The
trouble with dithering is that, to JPEG, it looks like high-spatial-frequency
color noise; and JPEG can't compress noise very well.  The resulting JPEG
file is both larger and of lower image quality than what you would have
gotten from JPEGing the original full color image (if you had it).
To get around this, you want to "smooth" the GIF image before compression.
Smoothing averages together nearby pixels, thus approximating the color that
you thought you saw anyway, and in the process getting rid of the rapid
color changes that give JPEG trouble.  Appropriate use of smoothing will
often let you avoid using a high Q factor, thus further reducing the size of
the compressed file, while still obtaining a better-looking output image
than you'd get without smoothing.

With the V4 free JPEG software (or products based on it), a simple smoothing
capability is built in.  Try "-smooth 10" or so when converting GIFs.
Values of 10 to 25 seem to work well for high-quality GIFs.  Heavy-handed
dithering may require larger smoothing factors.  (If you can see regular
fine-scale patterns on the GIF image even without enlargement, then strong
smoothing is definitely called for.)  Too large a smoothing factor will blur
the output image, which you don't want.  If you are an image processing
wizard, you can also do smoothing with a separate filtering program, such as
pnmconvol from the PBMPLUS package.  However, cjpeg's built-in smoother is
a LOT faster than pnmconvol...

The upshot of all this is that "cjpeg -quality 85 -smooth 10" is probably a
good starting point for converting GIFs.  But if you really care about the
image, you'll want to check the results and maybe try a few other settings.


---------------------

For more information about JPEG in general or the free JPEG software in
particular, contact the Independent JPEG Group at jpeg-info@uunet.uu.net.

-- 
			tom lane
			organizer, Independent JPEG Group
Internet: tgl@cs.cmu.edu	BITNET: tgl%cs.cmu.edu@carnegie

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39079
From: grady@netcom.com (1016/2EF221)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

Kendall 'Opusii' Sears (krsear02@ulkyvx.louisville.edu) wrote:
: 
: or the biggest killer (IMO)
: 
:    6) one's dreams are (sadly) shattered on the hard rocks of society's
:       version of reality.  Without the dream the motivation dies, without
:       the motivation the effort seems useless.
: 

Actually there are more possibilities -- one is that with practice the
hacker has become so good and powerful in manipulating data streams
that s/he goes simply underground...

Possessing true power perhaps there is no need to impress anyone with it.

-- 
grady@netcom.com  2EF221 / 15 E2 AD D3 D1 C6 F3 FC  58 AC F7 3D 4F 01 1E 2F


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39080
From: rhc52134@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Richard)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

Appsoft Image is available for NeXTStep. It is a image processing program
similar to Adobe Photoshop. It is reviewed in the April '93 issue of
Publish! Magazine.


Richardt

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39081
From: zstern@adobe.com (Zalman Stern)
Subject: Re: Adobe Photo Shop type software for Unix/X/Motif platforms?

Charles Boesel writes
> 
> In article <C5w8xB.Iv6@world.std.com>  
(sci.image.processing,comp.graphics), wdm@world.std.com (Wayne Michael)  
writes:
> >    I have been searching for a quality image enhancement and
> >    manipulation package for Unix/X/Motif platforms that is comparable
> >    to Adobe Photo Shop for the Mac. [stuff deleted]
> 
> I understand that Adobe is working on making Photoshop available for
> the SGI Indigo, but that is just "rumor" and I wouldn't bet on it
> until I see it. But they >are< going to release Illustrator for the SGI
> "real soon now."
> 

Illustrator for SGI is a shipping product. Adobe and SGI have announced that  
Photoshop is being ported to SGI machines. A simillar announcement has been  
made by Adobe and Sun for Sun platforms. No dates have been announced to the  
best of my knowledge.
--
Zalman Stern		   zalman@adobe.com		    (415) 962 3824
Adobe Systems, 1585 Charleston Rd., POB 7900, Mountain View, CA 94039-7900
  "We're just a couple of joyful little pervo-goats." -- Akbar (Jeff?)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39082
From: roddi@cs.monash.edu.au (Roddi Walker)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?


On a more cheerful note, perhaps hackerism/hacking isn't completely dead.

As someone else said, take the GNU offerings for example - free, redistributable and 
often better than the commercial stuff.  Take also the number of papers published
every year in all the fields of computer science - the vast majority of these papers
detail original work of real, often exceptional merit - and the authors are sharing
this knowledge.

Have Fun,
Roddi

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39083
From: christen@astro.ocis.temple.edu (Carl Christensen)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

I think the main reason is that in the good old hacker days of the young(er)
Gates' and Jobs' of the world, the computer was not as widespread a
phenomenom as it is now.  With the increased popularity of the PC
come a plethora of mundane business uses which required more practical
minded and narrower-focused programmers.

Why be a hacker when you can get a good job programming databases or
programs for accountants?  Basically, the yuppies caught up and
disciplined the hackers, and molded them in their own image.

--
Carl Christensen                /~~\_/~\        ,,,  Dept. of Computer Science
christen@astro.ocis.temple.edu |  #=#==========#   | Temple University        
"Curiouser and curiouser!" - LC \__/~\_/        ```  Philadelphia, PA  USA   

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39084
From: jchinnic@mach1.wlu.ca (john chinnick 8335 a)
Subject: Wanted: 3d rendering lib for PC

Does any one know of a decent quality library of routines for
performing 3D graphics modelling on the PC?

Ideally the routines would be embeded in our application program.

Requirements (wish list):
- flat surface modelling (simple phong shading optional)
- ability to plot hidden-line drawings
- Texture mapping -- both procedural and bit map
- modeling light sources (local, distant, and spot lights)
- Ray-tracing
- Radiosity (optional)

Any comments would be appreciated.

John Chinnick -- jchinnic@mach1.wlu.ca
phone : (519) 888-9666
-- 
John Chinnick -- jchinnic@mach1.wlu.ca

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39487
From: walsh@mari.acc-admin.stolaf.edu (Brian L Walsh)
Subject: VESA driver for XGA-2

	I heard that there is a VESA driver for the XGA-2 card available on 
compuserve. I just got this card, and I am wondering if this driver is 
available on a FTP site anywhere. My news service has beeen erratic lately so
please E-Mail me at:
				walsh@stolaf.edu
	Thanks in advance. 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39488
From: rob@rjck.uucp (Robert J.C. Kyanko)
Subject: Help with World-to-screen 4x4 transfomation matrix

I need help in creating my 4x4 perspective matrix.  I'd like to use this for
transforming x, y, z, w in some texture mapping code I got from Graphics Gems
I.  I have many books which talk about this, but none of them in simple plain
english.  If you have Graphics Gems I, I'm talking about page 678.

I'd like to have a perspective matrix that handles different field-of-views
and aspect of course.  Thank's for your help.

-- 
Yes, of course everything I say is my personal opinion!

      Robert J.C. Kyanko     (rob@rjck.oau.org or rob@rjck.UUCP)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39489
From: abig@netcom.com (Access Bus Industry Gp)
Subject: ACCESS.bus (Re: ACCESS.bus Software Creator's Contest)

	Intro to ACCESS.bus (RE: the ACCESS.bus Software Creator's 
	Contest Announcement)

WHAT IS ACCESS.bus?

ACCESS.bus is a new open industry standard for computer 
peripheral connectivity.  ACCESS.bus is a serial protocol that 
uses simple, low-cost I2C technology to link multiple devices to 
a single PC port.  Peripheral devices such as keyboards or 
keypads, locators (Mice, Trackballs, Joysticks), printers, VR 
gloves, digitizers, sensors, actuators or data transmitters and 
others can be easily daisy chained to the host PC.  Applications 
such as CAD/CAM, Data Acquisition, Simulation, Virtual Reality, 
Multiple-Player/Single PC Games, Education and many, many more 
can now take advantage of ACCESS.bus, the technology that puts 
Plug and Play on every PC.

The ACCESS.bus offers advantages to end-users and developers of 
systems and peripherals.  Multiple devices connect to the host 
computer with only one port.  Common communication methods for a 
number of device types lead to simplified hardware and software 
development.  As an open standard, ACCESS.bus enables cross-
platform use of the same device.

ACCESS.bus TECHNOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:
=====================================

ACCESS.bus technology is an open specification, enabling anyone 
to implement it on host systems or in peripheral devices without 
fee or royalty.
ACCESS.bus has a bus topology architecture.  That is, a single 
host can accommodate up to 125 peripheral devices.  ACCESS.bus 
data rate is 100 Kbits/sec.

ACCESS.bus Physical Layer
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ACCESS.bus is a serial bus architecture, based on I2C hardware 
protocol, with one data line and one clock line.
Standard low-cost I2C microcontrollers handle bit-level 
handshaking, including automatic arbitration and clock 
synchronization.  

ACCESS.bus Software Protocols
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The ACCESS.bus communication protocol is composed of three 
levels: I2C Protocol, Base Protocol, and Application Protocol.

I2C PROTOCOL: This simple and efficient protocol defines 
arbitration among contending masters without losing data.  I2C 
provides for cooperative synchronization of bus partners with 
different clock rates.  Bus transactions include addressing, 
framing of bits into bytes, and byte acknowledgment by the 
receiver.  

BASE PROTOCOL: Establishes the asymmetrical interconnect between 
a host computer and multiple peripherals.  The host becomes the 
ACCESS.bus manager.  The Base Protocol defines the format of an 
ACCESS.bus message envelope, which is an I2C bus transaction with 
additional semantics, including checksum.
Unique features of the Base Protocol are auto-addressing and hot 
plugging.  Auto-addressing assigns devices with unique bus 
addresses, without the need for setting jumpers or switches.  Hot 
plugging is the ability to attach and detach devices while the 
system is running, without rebooting.

APPLICATION PROTOCOL: This is the highest level of the ACCESS.bus 
protocol which defines message semantics specific to particular 
types of devices.  Each type requires a different Application 
Protocol.  Three broad device types have been identified: 
keyboards, locators, and text devices.

ACCESS.bus support on the PC
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
All three levels of the ACCESS.bus protocol are supported on the 
PC.  An add-on card implements the physical layer and uses the 
base protocol to communicate with physical ACCESS.bus devices.  
An ACCESS.bus Manager - TSR under DOS and a DLL under Windows 3.1 
- controls the operation of the physical layer and interacts with 
the ACCESS.bus device drivers.  Drivers are available for 
multiple ACCESS.bus keyboards, locators and printers for DOS and 
Windows 3.1.  Also available are C language source code examples 
of the interface from applications to the device drivers.


To Contact ABIG (the ACCESS.bus Industry Group):
------------------------------------------------
Postal Address:
370 Altair Way, Suite 215, Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Internet Email:  abig@netcom.com
Fax: (408) 991-3773
Voice: (408) 991-3517


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39490
From: Matjaz.Gams@IJS.si
Subject: ``Call for Papers for INFORMATIKA'' Vol. 17 No. 2

This is an invitation to send articles to the Informatica magazine.
The first fully international issue has been published and echoes 
are quite favourable. For any information, contact (matjaz.gams@ijs.si). 

Dear Colleague,                                        April 25, 1993

Number 1 of volume 17 of Informatica is now out of print and some of you 
will receive it in a week or so. As you will see, the journal is structured
in the following way: the editorial (first page); profiles (second page
-- biography of an editor, in this issue, Terry Winograd); the edited
part of papers (pp. 3-80); mission and research reports (A plan for
knowledge archives project in Japan and CSLI in Stanford, pp. 81-100);
and news and announcements (pp. 101-108). This structure is mentioned to
give you a suggestion how could you help to make the contents of the
journal significant, diverse, and interesting, bringing your own views
into the discourse.
   A great emphasis is given to the so-called editorial page. This page
expresses an opinion (belief) of the writing editor to some problems
within the scope of computing and informatics, extending into other
concerning disciplines, e.g. cybernetics, advanced AI, cognitive sciences,
mind, informationally concerned neural sciences, advanced technology 
(e.g. photonics), etc. I asked professor Terry Winograd to write this
page for Number 2. I certainly would appreciate very much to get
suggestions or possible offers from other editors, who like to express
their strong (directed) beliefs concerning a future development of the
area in question.
   On the second page of each Number an editor's profile is published.
The aim of the profile is twofold: to show his/her professional 
achievements, interests, scientific, and philosophical orientation on
one side; to narrate his/her life story in the environments in which
editors has lived and live on the other side. This kind of story should
be instructive, adequately factically faced, contributing to the 
understanding of circumstances in which editors have to act and live.
   The edited part (edited papers) is still critical. I would like to have
a stock of accepted papers in advance, so the issuing dates of a particular
number can be fixed (e.g. January, April, July, and October). In situation
right now, I ask you to help me with contributions of yours or your
colleagues, collaborators, students, etc. Some critical views to the
contemporary development of computing and informatics are appreciated.
A special emphasis should be given also to originality by which fresh
ideas are coming into the circulation of different professional communities.
   Reports of different occasions (symposia, conferences, meetings, etc.)
and particularly on new books, papers, and interesting events are welcome.
You can send these news immediately (also by your secretary) by e-mail.
On the other hand, you can send books and other publications (annual
reports, journals, calls for papers, etc.) for reviewing and publishing
in Informatica. We in the editorial staff will manage the rest.
   E-mail is functioning satisfactorily, so please use it in every respect.
You can submit editorial notes, profiles, reports, news and even complete
papers written in standard LaTex format (especially formulas). We received
several final (corrected) texts in Number 1 from different sites (US,
Russia, etc.). In this way, you can compose reports from already typed
texts, using your own choice and editing, and submit them to the contact
person (matjaz.gams@ijs.si), who is always being on your disposal. So,
you will receive a prompt confirmation and any information concerning
our common interest and job.

At the end, please do not forget: we need your cooperation and help in
every mentioned respect. The aim of Informatica is to open various
possibilities of communication concerning strong scientific and 
philosophical orientations as well as those coming up, still unrevealed,
and on the way to become significant. Please, do not apprehend to give
proposals, suggestions, and, certainly, contributions via the e-mail
and by other means.

Sincerely yours,

Anton P. "Zeleznikar
Editor-in-chief

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39495
From: s8719667@cse.unsw.edu.au (D W Austin)
Subject: Re: Anti-aliasing & Raytracing Question:

In article <1slb46$lbu@mserv1.dl.ac.uk> g.coulter@daresbury.ac.uk writes:
>Hi Everyone :-
>
>I was woundering if someone could answer a simple
>query for me on RayTracing and anti-aliasing ....
>
[stuff deleted]
>
I have a similiar question relating to anti-alaising that my friend has asked
to have posted to the more knowledgable in this group. I'm sorry if this is
an FAQ.

   "What anti-alaising methods do Persistance Of Vision & Polyray use?"

Thank you in advance. You can either email me or reply (or flame me if it is
an FAQ :-) )

DWA



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39496
From: wnkretz@ikesg1.energietechnik.uni-stuttgart.de (Oliver Kretzschmar)
Subject: Need C-algorithm, which decide whether a 3D-point is inside a space, defined by 6 planes




   Hey,

   I am looking for C-algorithm, which decide,whether a 3D-Point is
   inside a space which was defined by 8 x 3D-points.
   With a space defined by 8 x 3D-points, I mean a space defined by
   6 closed 3D meshes defined by 8 points. Like this :

              _____
             /    /|
            /____/ |
            |    | |
            |    | /
            |____|/


   But in this simple example, the sides are parallel, but my problem,
   the sides can be non parallel and the opposite sides must not have
   the same size etc. Please mail me your informations !

   Thanks for your great efforts

      Oliver

-- 
 NAME : O.Kretzschmar                      Inst.IKE / University Stuttgart
 PHONE: +49 711 685 2130                           Pfaffenwaldring 31
 FAX  : +49 711 685 2010                            7000 Stuttgart 80
 EMAIL: wnkretz@ikesg1.energietechnik.uni-stuttgart.de

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39497
From: gas@vm.ffi.no (Geir Atle Storhaug)
Subject: Re: Help with World-to-screen 4x4 transfomation matrix

In article <C6vnMv.9G6@rjck.uucp> rob@rjck.uucp (Robert J.C. Kyanko) writes:

   I need help in creating my 4x4 perspective matrix.  I'd like to use this for
   transforming x, y, z, w in some texture mapping code I got from Graphics Gems
   I.  I have many books which talk about this, but none of them in simple plain
   english.  If you have Graphics Gems I, I'm talking about page 678.

   I'd like to have a perspective matrix that handles different field-of-views
   and aspect of course.  Thank's for your help.

ca2 = cos(alpha / 2) Horizontal
sa2 = sin(alpha / 2)
cb2 = cos(beta / 2) Vertical
sb2 = sin(beta 7 2)
Zf = Far clipping value
Zn = Near clipping value

Matrix:
[[ca2/sa2 0 0 0]
[0 cb2/sb2 0 0]
[0 0 Zf/(Zf-Zn) 1]
[0 0 -Zn*Zf/(Zf-Zn) 0]]
--
 ____     ___   Geir Atle Storhaug
/ ____/\ (__    Geir.A.Storhaug@vm.ffi.no
\___//  \___)   Phone: +47 63 807658 (office)     +47 63 838987 (home)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39498
From: chandra@bpa50.sbi.com (Chandra Prathuri @ Salomon Brothers Inc., NY )
Subject: Graphics Library (GL) for HP and Sun

We are looking for GL source code, which was developed by Silicon Graphics (SGI).
We would like to compile it on Sun and HP 9000/700s. If there is anyone already
supporting GL on HP and Sun, please respond.
Also please respond if anyone knows where the source code is available.


Thank you

chandra@sbi.com
jon@sbi.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39499
From: ps@rzu.unizh.ch (Sezgey Pachkovsky)
Subject: Re: SVGA -> Hicolor?

Johan Conroy (572391) (jconroy@babel.ee.up.ac.za) wrote:
: I have a question about SVGA cards.  I have a Tseng 4000 SVGA with 1MB
: memory and 3x 6-bit DACs as far as I know.  To display a 640x480x32768, 
: Now:  Can I display 640x480, 15bit/pixel bit-maps on this card?

You can. At the least, your _hardware_ is capable of supporting this mode.
I do know nothing about your video BIOS, though...

: If so, how?

Silly (but fool-proof ;) way: Install Windows with 640x480x32K colors
wideo driver and display your pictures under windows...

Cheese,

/Serge.P

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39500
From: brian@ccnext.ucsf.edu (Brian Huddleston)
Subject: 3d IMages

Can anyone around here point me to information regarding STEREOSCOPIC images?
I believe I saw some at a show room in Texas (Lone Star Illusions)  and 
they were amazing.  I've now heard that they were created with a simple 
graphic program.  Does anyone have any of these images digitized??  
I really want to find a out as much as I can..

					Thanks..	
					brian@ccnext.ucsf.edu
					(please reply to this address)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39615
From: chu@TorreyPinesCA.ncr.com (Patrick Chu 3605)
Subject: Compositing pictures on PC?


I was wondering if anyone knows of a graphics package for the PC that
will do compositing of a series of pictures?

What I mean by "compositing" is, say I have a live video clip
(digitized) panning around a living room, and a computer-generated
bird flying around the screen.  I want to combine these two series of
pictures so that everywhere where the bird frames are black, I want
the living room picture to show through.  Yes, I realize I can do this
with a genlock, and I do own a genlock, but I want to be able to do
manual compositing also.  It's ok if I have to composite one frame at
a time; I assumed I'd have to do that anyway.  But being able to
composite a series of frames would be even better.

I've looked around and I haven't found a PC package that will perform
this.  Help, please!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39617
From: gloster@Inference.COM (Vance M. Gloster)
Subject: Re: Compositing pictures on PC?

In article <1993May15.001631.7051@TorreyPinesCA.ncr.com> chu@TorreyPinesCA.ncr.com (Patrick Chu 3605) writes:

   I was wondering if anyone knows of a graphics package for the PC that
   will do compositing of a series of pictures?

   What I mean by "compositing" is, say I have a live video clip
   (digitized) panning around a living room, and a computer-generated
   bird flying around the screen.  I want to combine these two series of
   pictures so that everywhere where the bird frames are black, I want
   the living room picture to show through.  Yes, I realize I can do this
   with a genlock, and I do own a genlock, but I want to be able to do
   manual compositing also.  It's ok if I have to composite one frame at
   a time; I assumed I'd have to do that anyway.  But being able to
   composite a series of frames would be even better.

   I've looked around and I haven't found a PC package that will perform
   this.  Help, please!

If you can get the live animation and the computer-generated animation
into AutoDesk Animator .FLI or .FLC format, AutoDesk Animator will do
this for you.  It can take one animation, make a certain color
"clear", and overlay it over another animation.  I do not have a way
right now to convert .AVI or .MPG files to animator files.  Animator
will also import a series of .GIF files to create an animation, so if
your video capture stuff can create this is might work.

-Vance Gloster
 gloster@inference.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39618
From: fm24@rummelplatz.uni-mannheim.de (Klimek)
Subject: TGA Viewer for ATI Ultra +

Hello,

the subject line says it all: I'm looking for a TGA file viewer for the ATI
Ultra + card. It should support the true color modes, of course.

If someone knows where to find one via FTP, please let me know.

thanx

Oliver Klimek

 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39619
From: madler@cco.caltech.edu (Mark Adler)
Subject: gamma correction


Can someone who knows what they're talking about add a FAQ entry
on gamma correction?  Thanks.

mark

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39620
From: carlos@carlos.jpr.com (Carlos Dominguez)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In <1sp4qj$243@dorsai.dorsai.org> crawls@dorsai.dorsai.org (Charles Rawls) writes:

>The hacker ethic is ALIVE and WELL here.  I know of what you speak, and my
>only answer is "SCREW 'EM".  You have to do what make you feel right.

amen.. I too have learned by example, specifically yours. :)

>What can I say but keep the faith, there are others who do likewise.

.. but dorsai leads the way.. Unlike other services that are commercial
in nature, dorsai is a community based service. While others charge
monthly fees for access, dorsai accepts donations from those who can
afford to contribute.

   While other systems don't respond to user input, dorsai thrives on it.
Other systems sell hardware for a profit, dorsai donates hardware to
community service groups, and to individuals who couldn't afford to
normally.

   Dorsai lives due to the "hacker" ethic of Charles, Jack, Skip, Cara,
Ira, Mark, David etc etc etc..  sleepless nights and days working on
equipment thats been assembled at the embassy, ( and modifying what
ever else available to work the first time..) in order to keep the
slip line up...

   Heres to you bud... I'm one of the few that decided to
stay, and am damn glad that I did..... :)






-- 
           """           | Carlos Dominguez - Sys-admin, owner, kibbitzer
         -(o o)-         | ----------------------------------------------
 -----oOO--(_)--OOo----- | root@carlos.UUCP or uupsi!jpradley!carlos!carlos
 ask me about HELLDIVER. | carlos@carlos.jpr.com    ( guaranteed address )

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39621
From: ortmann@plains.NoDak.edu (Daniel Ortmann)
Subject: Re: VGA Graphics Library

In article <2054@mwca.UUCP> bill@mwca.UUCP (Bill Sheppard) writes:
)Many high-end graphics cards come with C source code for doing basic graphics
)sorts of things (change colors, draw points/lines/polygons/fills, etc.).  Does
)such a library exist for generic VGA graphics cards/chips, hopefully in the
)public domain?  This would be for the purpose of compiling under a non-DOS
)operating system running on a standard PC.

Check the server code for X11R5.  (or "XFree86")
-- 
Daniel "un?X" Ortmann    (talmidim)  NDSU Electrical Engineering
ortmann@plains.nodak.edu   shalom    Fargo, North Dakota

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39622
From: kkt@philabs.philips.com (Kim-Kiat Tan)
Subject: Autodesk BBS ?

	Does Autodesk has a BBS ?

-- 





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39623
From: cscrjn@hawk.depaul.edu (Rosalie Nerheim)
Subject: Re: SIGGRAPH online experimental publication available

try  cd'ing to

	publications/May_93_online

on siggraph.org

It's there!

Rosalee






Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39624
From: ttknock@SantaFe.edu (Boss Hogg)
Subject: POV animating


  In an attempt to do animation with POV I have created two little
programs. One is a C program that will perform a "morph" between
any two points given the amount of frames for the morph. And then
it will write the points, and the function (translate, rotate, etc.) out
to a file. Then I have a Perl script that will read the list of functions
and insert them into a .pov file at a given line. I had hoped this would
let me do simple animation. However, I have discovered that simply
performing incremental rotations on an object will not spin a stationary
object but will actually rotate the object about the axis. Now I know
an easy way around this would be to first translate the object to the
origin perform the rotation and then move it back but I know there 
must be another way around this. I had thought perhaps it was because
I had created objects at the origin and then translated them to a new
point and then done the rotation, which could cause this behavior. However
this occurs on objects that are not translated at all. Any help is 
appreciated.

ttknock@bbs.santafe.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39625
From: brennan@hal.hahnemann.edu
Subject: .GIFs on a Tek401x ??


      I was skimming through a few gophers and bumped into one at NIH
   with a database that included images in .GIF format.  While I have
   not yet worked out the kinks of getting the gopher client to call
   an X viewer, I figure that the majority of the users here are not
   in an X11 environment - instead using DOS and MS-Kermit.

      With Kermit supporting Tek4010 emulation for graphics display,
   does anyone know of a package that would allow a Tek to display a
   .GIF image?  It would be of more use to the local population to
   plug something of this sort in as the 'picture' command instead of
   XView or XLoadImage ...

      andrew.  (brennan@hal.hahnemann.edu)

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39626
From: dwilmot@zen.holonet.net (Dick Wilmot)
Subject: Re: Products to handle HDTV moving pircture (180MB/sec)

kazsato@twics.co.jp writes:


>Hi,

>I'd like to know if there is any system (CPU + HD array + framebuffer)
>which can play and record HDTV quality moving picture in realtime.

>HDTV has about 6MB/frame, so recording/playing moving picture will need
>about 180MB/sec bandwidth. I'm thinking to treat the raw data.. not
>compressed. 

Finding a disk array that can do 180MB/sec. will be difficult. The fastest
ones I know about are from Maximum Strategy (IBM also sells these). They
can attach HiPPI at up to 144 MB/sec. (64 bit). For these kinds of data
rates you need more than SCSI for connections. Their latest model, the
RAID 5 model Gen 4 only does 90 MB/sec. but I think this may be a
limitation only of the HiPPI channel and that customer needs have not
exceeded that speed since their older model was faster. They are also not
idle (must be working on newer products that might be faster) and are a
small company so you might be able to ask about custom interfaces. They
still marketed the older, faster model as of a few mongths ago.

Maximum Strategy, Inc.
801 Buckeye Court
Milpitas, CA 95035-7408
sales@maxstrat.com

You might still want to look into compression as it will be very difficult
to keep the HiPPI bus fully working at all times - sustained throughput
might come close to maximum burst rate.

Interesting problem. Tell us more if you can?

>If anyone can advise me what kind of product I should look into, please
>e-mail me. I will appriciate it. The vendor's e-mail address, price of
>the products, actual performance data of the products, any info will 
>help me.

>Thanks in advance,

>Kaz Sato, Tokyo, Japan
>e-mail: kazsato@twics.co.jp
-- 
          Dick Wilmot
          Editor, Independent RAID Report
          (510) 938-7425


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39627
From:  Vereskova Elena <Vereskova_Elena@p0.f0.n23.z22.zenonet.org>
Subject: Wanted:MPEG description or sources:encoders+decoders.

Please help with MPEG description or sources:decoders &
encoders. Great thanks in advance.


--- Maximus 2.01wb
 * Origin: Mister Postman BBS (22:23/0)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39628
From: zippy@cyberden.sf.ca.us
Subject: re: Gif to 3dstudio

as far as simply mapping your logo or whatever onto a cube or sphere, 
it's quite easy. Just either copy the GIF you want mapped into the map 
directory or add a map path to the directory where it currently is. Then 
go into the materials editor and make a new material with that as the bit 
map, voila.. 

__________________________________________________________________________
   |       /         |\
   | H E   \ Y B E R |/ E N            [ zippy@cyberden.sf.ca.us ]

   The CyberDen - Public Access Waffle Usenet System - 415/472-5527

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39629
From: kyle@wam.umd.edu (Kyle Xavier Hourihan)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

In article <12MAY199322394641@vxcrna.cern.ch> filipe@vxcrna.cern.ch (VINCI) writes:
    .. blah blah .. talking about hackers.. you know ..


Wow!  A new proof for an NP-Complete problem, you guys in Eurpoe
really got your stuff together!


Base Step:  [deleted too bad]

Inductive Step:
>
> But anyway, poor golfers, bad carpenters or bad surgeons are not
> thieves, so your assertion that hacker==thief is unsupported by
> your argument, IMHO. The narrower view that a hacker, when
> associated with the computing environment, is a dishonest
> expert is not so widespread ...

Inductive Hypothesis:
> Therefore I conclude that if you call yourself a hacker, and somebody
> perceives you as a thief, then this person belongs to a very very
> small group that has some computer knowledge, but not enough to know
> the wider (and original) meaning of the word. Of course, one can
> always know this and disregard it nonetheless, then 
> equate hacker to thief, giving substance to Mr. Humpty's assertion,
> even though in a kind of reverse way.

Fodder Step:
> Finally, a true hacker does not name himself/herself one, for this is
> a title that is bestowed by the befuddled sysadmins and users at large.
>To me, a sign of a truly great hacker is to be introduced to someone who
>says "Nahh, I just know a thing or two, people always exagerate..." :-)

>Filipe Santos (english is not my first language, so plse be forgetful of my mistakes!)
Like my mother always said, if you can't say something nice...
  or was that can't say something right?


					- kxh
-- 
This is the signature file what do you think

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39630
From: qwert@hardy.u.washington.edu (The QwertMeister)
Subject: POV/TGA

I'm having a slight problem with the POV raytracer.  I'm not sure if
this is the correct group to post to or not.  I create .tga files on
a unix machine using pov.  Then when i download them to display on my pc,
they're listed as bad files.  But when I create the file on my pc, it displays
fine.  Are unix .tga's incompatible with the pc?  An easy solution to this
problem would be a unix targa->gif converter.  Anyone know where I could
find one?  Any help on this subject is appreciated.  

- Kevin


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39631
From: lioness@maple.circa.ufl.edu
Subject: Tex texture map format?


I was at avalon today and found texture maps in some "tex" and "txc"
format, something I've never encountered before.  These are obviously
not tex or  LaTeX files.

IF you have a clue how I can convert these to something
reasonable, please let me know.

Brian

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39632
From: graeme@labtam.labtam.oz.au (Graeme Gill)
Subject: Re: gamma correction

In article <1t31meINNrc8@gap.caltech.edu>, madler@cco.caltech.edu (Mark Adler) writes:
> 
> Can someone who knows what they're talking about add a FAQ entry
> on gamma correction?  Thanks.

I get regular questions about gamma correction since I go to great pains to
deal with it properly in xli (the image loader program I maintain).

Here is an explanation I often use to answer these questions.

This might be suitable for inclusion in the FAQ.

	Graeme Gill.

###########################################################################
"A note on gamma correction and images"

Author: Graeme W. Gill
        graeme@labtam.oz.au

Date: 93/5/16


"What is all this gamma stuff anyway ?"
--------------------------------------

Although it would be nice to think that "an image is an image",
there are a lot of complications. Not only are there a whole bunch of
different image formats (gif, jpeg, tiff etc etc), there is a whole
lot of other technical stuff that makes dealing with images a bit
complicated. Gamma is one of those things. If you've ever downloaded
images from BBS or the net, you've probably noticed (with most image
viewing programs) that some images look ok, some look too dark, and some
look too light. "Why is this ?" you may ask. This, is gamma correction
(or the lack of it).

Why do we need gamma correction at all ?
--------------------------------------

Gamma correction is needed because of the nature of CRTs (cathode
ray tubes - the monitors usually used for viewing images). If you
have some sort of real live scene and turn it into a computer
image by measuring the amount of light coming from each point of
the scene, then you have created a "linear" or un-gamma-corrected
image. This is a good thing in many ways because you can manipulate
the image as if the values in the image file were light (ie. adding
and multiplying will work just like real light in the real world).
Now if you take the image file and turn each pixel value into a voltage
and feed it into a CRT, you find that the CRT _doesn't_ give you
an amount of light proportional to the voltage. The amount of light
coming from the phosphor in the screen depends on the the voltage
something like this:

Light_out = voltage ^ crt_gamma

So if you just dump your nice linear image out to a CRT, the image
will look much too dark. To fix this up you have to "gamma correct"
the image first. You need to do the opposite of what the CRT
will do to the image, so that things cancel out, and you get
what you want. So you have to do this to your image:

gamma_corrected_image = image ^ (1/crt_gamma)

For most CRTs, the crt_gamma is somewhere between 1.0 and 3.0.

If that is all it is, why does it seem so complicated ?
-----------------------------------------------------

The problem is that not all display programs do gamma correction.
Also not all sources of images give you linear images (Video cameras
or video signals in general). Because of this, a lot of images
already have some gamma correction done to them, and you are 
rarely sure how much. If you try and display one of those images
with a program that does gamma correction for you, the image gets
corrected twice and looks way to light. If you display one of those
images with a program that doesn't do gamma correction, then it will
look vaguely right, but not perfect, because the gamma correction is
not exactly right for you particular CRT.

Whose fault is all this ?
-----------------------

It is really three things. One is all those display programs
out there that don't do gamma correction properly. Another is
that most image formats don't specify a standard gamma, or
don't have some way or recording what their gamma correction is.
The third thing is that not many people understand what gamma
correction is all about, and create a lot of images with varying
gamma's.

At least two file formats do the right thing.
The Utah Graphics Toolkit .rle format has a semi-standard way of recording
the gamma of an image. The JFIF file standard (that uses JPEG compression)
specifies that the image to be encoded must have a gamma of 1.0 (ie. a
linear image - but not everyone obeys the rules).

Some image loaders (for instance xli - an X11 image utility)
allow you to specify not only the gamma of the monitor you
are using, but the individual gamma values of image you are trying to
view. Other image viewers (eg. xv another X11 image program) and
utilities (eg. the pbm toolkit) provide ways of changing the gamma
of an image, but you have to figure out the overall gamma correction
yourself, allowing for undoing any gamma correction the image has,
and then the gamma correction you need to suite your CRT monitor.

[ Note that xv 2.21 doesn't provide an easy way of modifying the
gamma of an image. You need to adjust the R, G and B curves to the
appropriate gamma in the ColEdit controls. Altering the Intensity
in the HSV controls doesn't do the right thing, as it fails to
take account of the effect gamma has on H and S. This tends
to give a tint to the image. ]

How can I figure out what my viewer does, or what gamma my screen has ?
---------------------------------------------------------------------

The simplest way to do that is to try loading the file chkgamma.jpg
(provided with xli distribution), which is a JFIF jpeg format file
containing two grayscale ramps. The ramps are chosen to look linear
to the human eye, one using continuous tones, and the other using
dithering.  If your viewer does the right thing and gamma corrects
images, then the two ramps should look symmetrical, and the point
at which they look equally bright should be almost exactly half
way from the top to the bottom. (To find this point it helps if
you move away a little from the screen, and de-focus your eyes a
bit.)

If your viewer doesn't do gamma correction, then left hand ramp will have
a long dark part and a short white part, and the point of equal brightness
will be above the center.

If your viewer does have a way of setting the right amount of gamma correction
for a display, then if the equal brightness point is above center increase the
gamma, and decrease it if it is below the center. The value will usually be
around 2.2 

[with xli for instance, you can adjust the display gamma with the
-dispgamma flag, and once you've got it right, you can set the DISPLAY_GAMMA
environment variable in your .profile]

How do I figure out what the gamma of an image is ?
-------------------------------------------------

This is the most tricky bit. As a general rule it seems that a lot of
true color (ie. 24 bit, .ppm .jpg) images have a gamma of
1.0 (linear), although there are many about that have some gamma
correction. It seems that the majority of pseudo color images
(ie. 8 bit images with color maps - .gif etc.) are gamma corrected
to some degree or other.

If your viewer does gamma correction then linear images will
look good, and gamma corrected images will look too light.

If your viewer doesn't do gamma correction, then linear images will
look too dark, and gamma corrected images will ok.

Why Linear images are sometimes not such a good thing
-----------------------------------------------------

One of the reason that many high quality formats (such as
Video) use gamma correction is that it actually makes better
use of the storage medium. This is because the human
eye has a logarithmic response to light, and gamma correction
has a similar compression characteristic. This means images 
could make better use of 8 bits per color (for instance),
if they used gamma correction. The implication though, is that
every time you want to do any image processing you should
convert the 8 bit image to 12 or so linear bits to retain
the same accuracy. Since little popular software does this, and
none of the popular image formats can agree on a standard
gamma correction factor, it is difficult to justify gamma corrected
images at the popular level.

If some image formats can standardize on a particular gamma,
and if image manipulation software takes care to use
extra precision when dealing with linearized internal data,
then gamma corrected distribution of images would be a good thing.

(I am told that the Kodak PhotoCD format for instance, has a
standard gamma correction factor that enables it to get the
highest quality out of the bits used to hold the image).

###########################################################################



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39633
From: D.J.Nettleton@newcastle.ac.uk (D J Nettleton)
Subject: HELP: A rectangle and parallelogram

I hope someone can help me with the following problem - I'm sure there
must be a known solution.

Given a rectangle defined by

-X <= x <= X  and -Y <= y <= Y  where X and Y are constant

and a parallelogram defined by

-C1 <= a*x + b*y <= C1  and -C2 <= c*x + d*y <= C2

where C1, C2, a, b, c, d are constants and b/a != d/c (i.e. not
parallel lines)                                ^^
                                          not equal to

what is the area of their intersection?

   What I'm after is some general algorithm suitable for ALL rectangles
and parallelograms that can be described by the above equations.  At the 
moment it looks like I'm going to have to look at all possible cases 
and examine each seperately e.g.

1) rectangle encloses parallelogram. 

2) parallelogram encloses rectangle.

3) two corners of parallelogram inside rectangle

                          ^
                         / \
                        /   \
                       /     \
           Y -------------------------------  Y
             |       /         \           |
             |       \          \          |
             |        \     .    \         |       . origin
             |         \          \        |
             |          \         /        |
          -Y ------------------------------- -Y
            -X            \     /           X
                           \   /
                            \ /
                             "

4) two corners of parallelogram outside rectangle

   I hope someone can help.

Many thanks in advance,

Dave Nettleton.

e-mail:  D.J.Nettleton@durham.ac.uk

PS can you please cc me any replies by e-mail.


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39634
From: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca (Jim Powlesland)
Subject: Re: PICT, EPSF, etc map of Italy

In article <93132.025641CHUNTER@UMAB.BITNET> <CHUNTER@UMAB.BITNET> writes:
>Does anybody know where I can get a graphic (Mac PICT, EPSF, TIFF, GIF,
>whatever) of Italy?  I'm looking for a picture of a map of Italy (even just the

A map of Italy showing the states/provinces(?) is in the FreeHand
3.1 for Windows clip art collection. Corel Draw 3.0 clip art has
an outline map of Italy.




-- 
/  Jim Powlesland                   / INTERNET: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca
/  Academic Computing Services      / VOICE:    (403)220-7937
/  University of Calgary            / MESSAGE:  (403)220-6201
/  Calgary, Alberta CANADA  T2N 1N4 / FAX:      (403)282-9199

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39635
From: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca (Jim Powlesland)
Subject: comp.graphics FAQ


Is there a comp.graphics FAQ and if so, where?

-- 
/  Jim Powlesland                   / INTERNET: powlesla@acs.ucalgary.ca
/  Academic Computing Services      / VOICE:    (403)220-7937
/  University of Calgary            / MESSAGE:  (403)220-6201
/  Calgary, Alberta CANADA  T2N 1N4 / FAX:      (403)282-9199

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39636
From: engp2008@nusunix1.nus.sg (Leong Wai Ming)
Subject: Help : animation for pcx, gif files

Hi, I 've a series of images in sun raster formats. I've converted them
to PCX formats (I can do the conversion to others like gif as well). I
would like to know of any software that is able to do animation for
these formats, and to record the animation onto a video tape.

Thank you.


+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+_+

  Leong, Wai-Ming                         internet : engp2008@nusunix.nus.sg
  National University of Singapore          bitnet : engp2008@nusvm.nus.sg




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39637
From: beyer@alkymi.unit.no (Paal Beyer)
Subject: Re: Information on BMP files ?

In article <gnbich.17@med.uovs.ac.za>, gnbich@med.uovs.ac.za (Charles Herbst - Biofisika) writes:
|> 
|> Is there anybody who can help me with information on the BMP file format ?
|> Please mail directly to
|> 
|> 	gnbich@med.uovs.ac.za
|> 
|> Help will be appreciated
|> 
|> 
|> Charles Herbst
|> 
|> 
I have also been looking for this, but I have come up with nothing.
I have looked in ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu which is supposed to have a lot
of image-specs.

Email is preferred. If there is enough interest, I will post a 
summary.

------------------------------------------------------------------------         

    _/_/_/    _/_/_/  _/  _/  _/_/_/  _/_/_/
   _/    _/  _/      _/  _/  _/      _/    _/
  _/_/_/    _/_/_/  _/_/_/  _/_/_/  _/_/_/
 _/    _/  _/        _/    _/      _/  _/
_/_/_/    _/_/_/    _/    _/_/_/  _/    _/ @lise.unit.no

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39638
From: tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane)
Subject: JPEG image compression: Frequently Asked Questions

Archive-name: jpeg-faq
Last-modified: 16 May 1993

This FAQ article discusses JPEG image compression.  Suggestions for
additions and clarifications are welcome.

New since version of 2 May 1993:
  * Added info on ImageViewer for NeXT.


This article includes the following sections:

[1]  What is JPEG?
[2]  Why use JPEG?
[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?
[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?
[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?
[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?
    [6A] "canned" software, viewers, etc.
    [6B] source code
[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?
[8]  How does JPEG work?
[9]  What about lossless JPEG?
[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?
[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?
[12]  What about arithmetic coding?
[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?
[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

Sections 1-6 are basic info that every JPEG user needs to know;
sections 7-14 are advanced info for the curious.

This article is posted every 2 weeks.  You can always find the latest version
in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu (18.70.0.226).  By FTP, fetch
/pub/usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq; or if you don't have FTP, send e-mail to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with body "send usenet/news.answers/jpeg-faq".
Many other FAQ articles are also stored in this archive.  For more
instructions on use of the archive, send e-mail to the same address with the
words "help" and "index" (no quotes) on separate lines.  If you don't get a
reply, the server may be misreading your return address; add a line such as
"path myname@mysite" to specify your correct e-mail address to reply to.


----------


[1]  What is JPEG?

JPEG (pronounced "jay-peg") is a standardized image compression mechanism.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the
committee that wrote the standard.  JPEG is designed for compressing either
full-color or gray-scale digital images of "natural", real-world scenes.
It does not work so well on non-realistic images, such as cartoons or line
drawings.

JPEG does not handle black-and-white (1-bit-per-pixel) images, nor does it
handle motion picture compression.  Standards for compressing those types
of images are being worked on by other committees, named JBIG and MPEG
respectively.

JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in.  The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitations of the human eye, notably
the fact that small color details aren't perceived as well as small details
of light-and-dark.  Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images that will
be looked at by humans.  If you plan to machine-analyze your images, the
small errors introduced by JPEG may be a problem for you, even if they are
invisible to the eye.

A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by
adjusting compression parameters.  This means that the image maker can trade
off file size against output image quality.  You can make *extremely* small
files if you don't mind poor quality; this is useful for indexing image
archives, making thumbnail views or icons, etc. etc.  Conversely, if you
aren't happy with the output quality at the default compression setting, you
can jack up the quality until you are satisfied, and accept lesser compression.


[2]  Why use JPEG?

There are two good reasons: to make your image files smaller, and to store
24-bit-per-pixel color data instead of 8-bit-per-pixel data.

Making image files smaller is a big win for transmitting files across
networks and for archiving libraries of images.  Being able to compress a
2 Mbyte full-color file down to 100 Kbytes or so makes a big difference in
disk space and transmission time!  (If you are comparing GIF and JPEG, the
size ratio is more like four to one.  More details below.)

If your viewing software doesn't support JPEG directly, you'll have to
convert JPEG to some other format for viewing or manipulating images.  Even
with a JPEG-capable viewer, it takes longer to decode and view a JPEG image
than to view an image of a simpler format (GIF, for instance).  Thus, using
JPEG is essentially a time/space tradeoff: you give up some time in order to
store or transmit an image more cheaply.

It's worth noting that when network or phone transmission is involved, the
time savings from transferring a shorter file can be much greater than the
extra time to decompress the file.  I'll let you do the arithmetic yourself.

The other reason why JPEG will gradually replace GIF as a standard Usenet
posting format is that JPEG can store full color information: 24 bits/pixel
(16 million colors) instead of 8 or less (256 or fewer colors).  If you have
only 8-bit display hardware then this may not seem like much of an advantage
to you.  Within a couple of years, though, 8-bit GIF will look as obsolete as
black-and-white MacPaint format does today.  Furthermore, for reasons detailed
in section 7, JPEG is far more useful than GIF for exchanging images among
people with widely varying color display hardware.  Hence JPEG is considerably
more appropriate than GIF for use as a Usenet posting standard.


[3]  When should I use JPEG, and when should I stick with GIF?

JPEG is *not* going to displace GIF entirely; for some types of images,
GIF is superior in image quality, file size, or both.  One of the first
things to learn about JPEG is which kinds of images to apply it to.

As a rule of thumb, JPEG is superior to GIF for storing full-color or
gray-scale images of "realistic" scenes; that means scanned photographs and
similar material.  JPEG is superior even if you don't have 24-bit display
hardware, and it is a LOT superior if you do.  (See section 7 for details.)

GIF does significantly better on images with only a few distinct colors,
such as cartoons and line drawings.  In particular, large areas of pixels
that are all *exactly* the same color are compressed very efficiently indeed
by GIF.  JPEG can't squeeze these files as much as GIF does without
introducing visible defects.  This sort of image is best kept in GIF form.
(In particular, single-color borders are quite cheap in GIF files, but they
should be avoided in JPEG files.)

JPEG also has a hard time with very sharp edges: a row of pure-black pixels
adjacent to a row of pure-white pixels, for example.  Sharp edges tend to
come out blurred unless you use a very high quality setting.  Again, this
sort of thing is not found in scanned photographs, but it shows up fairly
often in GIF files: borders, overlaid text, etc.  The blurriness is
particularly objectionable with text that's only a few pixels high.
If you have a GIF with a lot of small-size overlaid text, don't JPEG it.

Computer-drawn images (ray-traced scenes, for instance) usually fall between
scanned images and cartoons in terms of complexity.  The more complex and
subtly rendered the image, the more likely that JPEG will do well on it.
The same goes for semi-realistic artwork (fantasy drawings and such).

Plain black-and-white (two level) images should never be converted to JPEG.
You need at least about 16 gray levels before JPEG is useful for gray-scale
images.  It should also be noted that GIF is lossless for gray-scale images
of up to 256 levels, while JPEG is not.

If you have an existing library of GIF images, you may wonder whether you
should convert them to JPEG.  You will lose a little image quality if you do.
(Section 7, which argues that JPEG image quality is superior to GIF, only
applies if both formats start from a full-color original.  If you start from
a GIF, you've already irretrievably lost a great deal of information; JPEG
can only make things worse.)  However, the disk space savings may justify
converting anyway.  This is a decision you'll have to make for yourself.
If you do convert a GIF library to JPEG, see section 14 for hints.  Be
prepared to leave some images in GIF format, since some GIFs will not
convert well.


[4]  How well does JPEG compress images?

Pretty darn well.  Here are some sample file sizes for an image I have
handy, a 727x525 full-color image of a ship in a harbor.  The first three
files are for comparison purposes; the rest were created with the free JPEG
software described in section 6B.

File	   Size in bytes		Comments

ship.ppm	1145040  Original file in PPM format (no compression; 24 bits
			 or 3 bytes per pixel, plus a few bytes overhead)
ship.ppm.Z	 963829  PPM file passed through Unix compress
			 compress doesn't accomplish a lot, you'll note.
			 Other text-oriented compressors give similar results.
ship.gif	 240438  Converted to GIF with ppmquant -fs 256 | ppmtogif
			 Most of the savings is the result of losing color
			 info: GIF saves 8 bits/pixel, not 24.  (See sec. 7.)

ship.jpg95	 155622  cjpeg -Q 95    (highest useful quality setting)
			 This is indistinguishable from the 24-bit original,
			 at least to my nonprofessional eyeballs.
ship.jpg75	  58009  cjpeg -Q 75    (default setting)
			 You have to look mighty darn close to distinguish this
			 from the original, even with both on-screen at once.
ship.jpg50	  38406  cjpeg -Q 50
			 This has slight defects; if you know what to look
			 for, you could tell it's been JPEGed without seeing
			 the original.  Still as good image quality as many
			 recent postings in Usenet pictures groups.
ship.jpg25	  25192  cjpeg -Q 25
			 JPEG's characteristic "blockiness" becomes apparent
			 at this setting (djpeg -blocksmooth helps some).
			 Still, I've seen plenty of Usenet postings that were
			 of poorer image quality than this.
ship.jpg5o	   6587  cjpeg -Q 5 -optimize  (-optimize cuts table overhead)
			 Blocky, but perfectly satisfactory for preview or
			 indexing purposes.  Note that this file is TINY:
			 the compression ratio from the original is 173:1 !

In this case JPEG can make a file that's a factor of four or five smaller
than a GIF of comparable quality (the -Q 75 file is every bit as good as the
GIF, better if you have a full-color display).  This seems to be a typical
ratio for real-world scenes.


[5]  What are good "quality" settings for JPEG?

Most JPEG compressors let you pick a file size vs. image quality tradeoff by
selecting a quality setting.  There seems to be widespread confusion about
the meaning of these settings.  "Quality 95" does NOT mean "keep 95% of the
information", as some have claimed.  The quality scale is purely arbitrary;
it's not a percentage of anything.

The name of the game in using JPEG is to pick the lowest quality setting
(smallest file size) that decompresses into an image indistinguishable from
the original.  This setting will vary from one image to another and from one
observer to another, but here are some rules of thumb.

The default quality setting (-Q 75) is very often the best choice.  This
setting is about the lowest you can go without expecting to see defects in a
typical image.  Try -Q 75 first; if you see defects, then go up.  Except for
experimental purposes, never go above -Q 95; saying -Q 100 will produce a
file two or three times as large as -Q 95, but of hardly any better quality.

If the image was less than perfect quality to begin with, you might be able to
go down to -Q 50 without objectionable degradation.  On the other hand, you
might need to go to a HIGHER quality setting to avoid further degradation.
The second case seems to apply much of the time when converting GIFs to JPEG.
The default -Q 75 is about right for compressing 24-bit images, but -Q 85 to
95 is usually better for converting GIFs (see section 14 for more info).

If you want a very small file (say for preview or indexing purposes) and are
prepared to tolerate large defects, a -Q setting in the range of 5 to 10 is
about right.  -Q 2 or so may be amusing as "op art".

(Note: the quality settings discussed in this article apply to the free JPEG
software described in section 6B, and to many programs based on it.  Other
JPEG implementations, such as Image Alchemy, may use a completely different
quality scale.  Some programs don't even provide a numeric scale, just
"high"/"medium"/"low"-style choices.)


[6]  Where can I get JPEG software?

Most of the programs described in this section are available by FTP.
If you don't know how to use FTP, see the FAQ article "How to find sources".
(If you don't have direct access to FTP, read about ftpmail servers in the
same article.)  That article appears regularly in news.answers, or you can
get it by sending e-mail to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with
"send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.  The "Anonymous FTP
List FAQ" may also be helpful --- it's usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq in
the news.answers archive.

NOTE: this list changes constantly.  If you have a copy more than a couple
months old, get the latest JPEG FAQ from the news.answers archive.


[6A]  If you are looking for "canned" software, viewers, etc:

The first part of this list is system-specific programs that only run on one
kind of system.  If you don't see what you want for your machine, check out
the portable JPEG software described at the end of the list.  Note that this
list concentrates on free and shareware programs that you can obtain over
Internet; but some commercial programs are listed too.

X Windows:

XV (shareware, $25) is an excellent viewer for JPEG, GIF, and many other
image formats.  It can also do format conversion and some simple image
manipulations.  It's available for FTP from export.lcs.mit.edu (18.24.0.12),
file contrib/xv-3.00.tar.Z.  Version 3.00 is a major upgrade with support
for 24-bit displays and many other improvements; however, it is brand new
and still has some bugs lurking.  If you prefer not to be on the bleeding
edge, stick with version 2.21, also available from export.  Note that
version 2.21 is not a good choice if you have a 24-bit display (you'll get
only 8-bit color), nor for converting 24-bit images to JPEG.  But 2.21 works
fine for converting GIF and other 8-bit images to JPEG.  CAUTION: there is a
glitch in version 2.21: be sure to check the "save at normal size" checkbox
when saving a JPEG file, or the file will be blurry.

Another good choice for X Windows is John Cristy's free ImageMagick package,
also available from export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/ImageMagick.tar.Z.
This package handles many image processing and conversion tasks.  The
ImageMagick viewer handles 24-bit displays correctly; for colormapped
displays, it does better (though slower) color quantization than XV or the
basic free JPEG software.

Both of the above are large, complex packages.  If you just want a simple
image viewer, try xloadimage or xli.  xloadimage supports JPEG in its latest
release, 3.03.  xloadimage is free and available from export.lcs.mit.edu,
file contrib/xloadimage-3.03.tar.Z.  xli is a variant version of xloadimage,
said by its fans to be somewhat faster and more robust than the original.
(The current xli is indeed faster and more robust than the current
xloadimage, at least with respect to JPEG files, because it has the IJG v4
decoder while xloadimage 3.03 is using a hacked-over v1.  The next
xloadimage release will fix this.)  xli is also free and available from
export.lcs.mit.edu, file contrib/xli.1.14.tar.Z.  Both programs are said
to do the right thing with 24-bit displays.


MS-DOS:

This covers plain DOS; for Windows or OS/2 programs, see the next headings.

One good choice is Eric Praetzel's free DVPEG, which views JPEG and GIF files.
The current version, 2.5, is available by FTP from sunee.uwaterloo.ca
(129.97.50.50), file pub/jpeg/viewers/dvpeg25.zip.  This is a good basic
viewer that works on either 286 or 386/486 machines.  The user interface is
not flashy, but it's functional.

Another freeware JPEG/GIF/TGA viewer is Mohammad Rezaei's Hiview.  The
current version, 1.2, is available from Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
below), file msdos/graphics/hv12.zip.  Hiview requires a 386 or better CPU
and a VCPI-compatible memory manager (QEMM386 and 386MAX work; Windows and
OS/2 do not).  Hiview is currently the fastest viewer for images that are no
bigger than your screen.  For larger images, it scales the image down to fit
on the screen (rather than using panning/scrolling as most viewers do).
You may or may not prefer this approach, but there's no denying that it
slows down loading of large images considerably.  Note: installation is a
bit tricky; read the directions carefully!

A shareware alternative is ColorView for DOS ($30).  This is easier to
install than either of the two freeware alternatives.  Its user interface is
also much spiffier-looking, although personally I find it harder to use ---
more keystrokes, inconsistent behavior.  It is faster than DVPEG but a
little slower than Hiview, at least on my hardware.  (For images larger than
screen size, DVPEG and ColorView seem to be about the same speed, and both
are faster than Hiview.)  The current version is 2.1, available from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/dcview21.zip.
Requires a VESA graphics driver; if you don't have one, look in vesadrv2.zip
or vesa-tsr.zip from the same directory.  (Many recent PCs have a built-in
VESA driver, so don't try to load a VESA driver unless ColorView complains
that the driver is missing.)

A second shareware alternative is Fullview, which has been kicking around
the net for a while, but I don't know any stable archive location for it.
The current (rather old) version is inferior to the above viewers anyway.
The author tells me that a new version of Fullview will be out shortly
and it will be submitted to the Simtel20 archives at that time.

The well-known GIF viewer CompuShow (CSHOW) supports JPEG in its latest
revision, 8.60a.  However, CSHOW's JPEG implementation isn't very good:
it's slow (about half the speed of the above viewers) and image quality is
poor except on hi-color displays.  Too bad ... it'd have been nice to see a
good JPEG capability in CSHOW.  Shareware, $25.  Available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/gif/cshw860a.zip.

Due to the remarkable variety of PC graphics hardware, any one of these
viewers might not work on your particular machine.  If you can't get *any*
of them to work, you'll need to use one of the following conversion programs
to convert JPEG to GIF, then view with your favorite GIF viewer.  (If you
have hi-color hardware, don't use GIF as the intermediate format; try to
find a TARGA-capable viewer instead.  VPIC5.0 is reputed to do the right
thing with hi-color displays.)

The Independent JPEG Group's free JPEG converters are FTPable from Simtel20
and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/jpeg4.zip (or
jpeg4386.zip if you have a 386 and extended memory).  These files are DOS
compilations of the free source code described in section 6B; they will
convert JPEG to and from GIF, Targa, and PPM formats.

Handmade Software offers free JPEG<=>GIF conversion tools, GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF.
These are slow and are limited to conversion to and from GIF format; in
particular, you can't get 24-bit color output from a JPEG.  The major
advantage of these tools is that they will read and write HSI's proprietary
JPEG format as well as the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Since HSI-format
files are rather widespread on BBSes, this is a useful capability.  Version
2.0 of these tools is free (prior versions were shareware).  Get it from
Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/gif2jpg2.zip.
NOTE: do not use HSI format for files to be posted on Internet, since it is
not readable on non-PC platforms.

Handmade Software also has a shareware image conversion and manipulation
package, Image Alchemy.  This will translate JPEG files (both JFIF and HSI
formats) to and from many other image formats.  It can also display images.
A demo version of Image Alchemy version 1.6.2 is available from Simtel20 and
mirror sites (see NOTE below), file msdos/graphics/alch162.zip.

NOTE ABOUT SIMTEL20: The Internet's key archive site for PC-related programs
is Simtel20, full name wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (192.88.110.20).  Simtel20
runs a non-Unix system with weird directory names; where this document
refers to directory (eg) "msdos/graphics" at Simtel20, that really means
"pd1:<msdos.graphics>".  If you are not physically on MILnet, you should
expect rather slow FTP transfer rates from Simtel20.  There are several
Internet sites that maintain copies (mirrors) of the Simtel20 archives;
most FTP users should go to one of the mirror sites instead.  A popular USA
mirror site is oak.oakland.edu (141.210.10.117), which keeps Simtel20 files
in (eg) "/pub/msdos/graphics".  If you have no FTP capability, you can
retrieve files from Simtel20 by e-mail; see informational postings in
comp.archives.msdos.announce to find out how.  If you are outside the USA,
consult the same newsgroup to learn where your nearest Simtel20 mirror is.

Microsoft Windows:

There are several Windows programs capable of displaying JPEG images.
(Windows viewers are generally slower than DOS viewers on the same hardware,
due to Windows' system overhead.  Note that you can run the DOS conversion
programs described above inside a Windows DOS window.)

The newest entry is WinECJ, which is free and EXTREMELY fast.  Version 1.0
is available from ftp.rahul.net, file /pub/bryanw/pc/jpeg/wecj.zip.
Requires Windows 3.1 and 256-or-more-colors mode.  This is a no-frills
viewer with the bad habit of hogging the machine completely while it
decodes; and the image quality is noticeably worse than other viewers.
But it's so fast you'll use it anyway, at least for previewing...

JView is freeware, fairly fast, has good on-line help, and can write out the
decompressed image in Windows BMP format; but it can't create new JPEG
files, and it doesn't view GIFs.  JView also lacks some other useful
features of the shareware viewers (such as brightness adjustment), but it's
an excellent basic viewer.  The current version, 0.9, is available from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu (129.79.20.84), file pub/pc/win3/desktop/jview090.zip.
(Mirrors of this archive can be found at some other Internet sites,
including wuarchive.wustl.edu.)

WinJPEG (shareware, $20) displays JPEG,GIF,Targa,TIFF, and BMP image files;
it can write all of these formats too, so it can be used as a converter.
It has some other nifty features including color-balance adjustment and
slideshow.  The current version is 2.1, available from Simtel20 and mirror
sites (see NOTE above), file msdos/windows3/winjp210.zip.  (This is a slow
286-compatible version; if you register, you'll get the 386-only version,
which is roughly 25% faster.)

ColorView is another shareware entry ($30).  This was an early and promising
contender, but it has not been updated in some time, and at this point it
has no real advantages over WinJPEG.  If you want to try it anyway, the
current version is 0.97, available from ftp.cica.indiana.edu, file
pub/pc/win3/desktop/cview097.zip.  (I understand that a new version will
be appearing once the authors are finished with ColorView for DOS.)

DVPEG (see DOS heading) also works under Windows, but only in full-screen
mode, not in a window.

OS/2:

The following files are available from hobbes.nmsu.edu (128.123.35.151).
Note: check /pub/uploads for more recent versions --- the hobbes moderator
is not very fast about moving uploads into their permanent directories.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/jpegv4.zip
    32-bit version of free IJG conversion programs, version 4.
/pub/os2/all/graphics/jpeg4-16.zip
    16-bit version of same, for OS/2 1.x.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/imgarc12.zip
    Image Archiver 1.02: image conversion/viewing with PM graphical interface.
    Strong on conversion functions, viewing is a bit weaker.  Shareware, $15.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmjpeg11.zip
    PMJPEG 1.1: OS/2 2.x port of WinJPEG, a popular viewer for Windows
    (see description in Windows section).  Shareware, $20.
/pub/os2/2.x/graphics/pmview85.zip
    PMView 0.85: JPEG/GIF/BMP/Targa/PCX viewer.  GIF viewing very fast,
    JPEG viewing roughly the same speed as the above two programs.  Has
    image manipulation & slideshow functions.  Shareware, $20.

Macintosh:

Most Mac JPEG programs rely on Apple's JPEG implementation, which is part of
the QuickTime system extension; so you need to have QuickTime installed.
To use QuickTime, you need a 68020 or better CPU and you need to be running
System 6.0.7 or later.  (If you're running System 6, you must also install
the 32-bit QuickDraw extension; this is built-in on System 7.)  You can get
QuickTime by FTP from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/quicktime.hqx.
(As of 11/92, this file contains QuickTime 1.5, which is better than QT 1.0
in several ways.  With respect to JPEG, it is marginally faster and
considerably less prone to crash when fed a corrupt JPEG file.  However,
some applications seem to have compatibility problems with QT 1.5.)

Mac users should keep in mind that QuickTime's JPEG format, PICT/JPEG, is
not the same as the Usenet-standard JFIF JPEG format.  (See section 10 for
details.)  If you post images on Usenet, make sure they are in JFIF format.
Most of the programs mentioned below can generate either format.

The first choice is probably JPEGView, a free program for viewing images
that are in JFIF format, PICT/JPEG format, or GIF format.  It also can
convert between the two JPEG formats.  The current version, 2.0, is a big
improvement over prior versions.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu
(36.44.0.6), file /info-mac/app/jpeg-view-20.hqx.  Requires System 7 and
QuickTime.  On 8-bit displays, JPEGView usually produces the best color
image quality of all the currently available Mac JPEG viewers.  JPEGView can
view large images in much less memory than other Mac viewers; in fact, it's
the only one that can deal with JPEG images much over 640x480 pixels on a
typical 4MB Mac.  Given a large image, JPEGView automatically scales it down
to fit on the screen, rather than presenting scroll bars like most other
viewers.  (You can zoom in on any desired portion, though.)  Some people
like this behavior, some don't.  Overall, JPEGView's user interface is very
well thought out.

GIFConverter, a shareware ($40) image viewer/converter, supports JFIF and
PICT/JPEG, as well as GIF and several other image formats.  The latest
version is 2.3.2.  Get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/art/gif/gif-converter-232.hqx.  Requires System 6.0.5 or later.
GIFConverter is not better than JPEGView as a plain JPEG/GIF viewer, but
it has much more extensive image manipulation and format conversion
capabilities, so you may find it worth its shareware fee if you do a lot of
playing around with images.  Also, the newest version of GIFConverter can
load and save JFIF images *without* QuickTime, so it is your best bet if
your machine is too old to run QuickTime.  (But it's faster with QuickTime.)
Note: If GIFConverter runs out of memory trying to load a large JPEG, try
converting the file to GIF with JPEG Convert, then viewing the GIF version.

JPEG Convert, a Mac version of the free IJG JPEG conversion utilities, is
available from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file /info-mac/app/jpeg-convert-10.hqx.
This will run on any Mac, but it only does file conversion, not viewing.
You can use it in conjunction with any GIF viewer.

Previous versions of this FAQ recommended Imagery JPEG v0.6, a JPEG<=>GIF
converter based on an old version of the IJG code.  If you are using this
program, you definitely should replace it with JPEG Convert.

Apple's free program PictPixie can view images in JFIF, QuickTime JPEG, and
GIF format, and can convert between these formats.  You can get PictPixie
from ftp.apple.com, file dts/mac/quicktime/qt.1.0.stuff/pictpixie.hqx.
Requires QuickTime.  PictPixie was intended as a developer's tool, and it's
really not the best choice unless you like to fool around with QuickTime.
Some of its drawbacks are that it requires lots of memory, it produces
relatively poor color image quality on anything less than a 24-bit display,
and it has a relatively unfriendly user interface.  Worse, PictPixie is an
unsupported program, meaning it has some minor bugs that Apple does not
intend to fix.  (There is an old version of PictPixie, called
PICTCompressor, floating around the net.  If you have this you should trash
it, as it's even buggier.  Also, the QuickTime Starter Kit includes a much
cleaned-up descendant of PictPixie called Picture Compressor.  Note that
Picture Compressor is NOT free and may not be distributed on the net.)

Storm Technology's Picture Decompress is a free JPEG viewer/converter.
This rather old program is inferior to the above programs in many ways, but
it will run without System 7 or QuickTime, so you may be forced to use it on
older systems.  (It does need 32-bit QuickDraw, so really old machines can't
use it.)  You can get it from sumex-aim.stanford.edu, file
/info-mac/app/picture-decompress-201.hqx.  You must set the file type of a
downloaded image file to 'JPEG' to allow Picture Decompress to open it.

If your machine is too old to run 32-bit QuickDraw (a Mac Plus for instance),
GIFConverter is your only choice for single-program JPEG viewing.  If you
don't want to pay for GIFConverter, use JPEG Convert and a free GIF viewer.

More and more commercial Mac applications are supporting JPEG, although not
all can deal with the Usenet-standard JFIF format.  Adobe Photoshop, version
2.0.1 or later, can read and write JFIF-format JPEG files (use the JPEG
plug-in from the Acquire menu).  You must set the file type of a downloaded
JPEG file to 'JPEG' to allow Photoshop to recognize it.

Amiga:

(Most programs listed in this section are stored in the AmiNet archive at
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (130.60.80.80).  There are many mirror sites of this
archive and you should try to use the closest one.  In the USA, a good
choice is wuarchive.wustl.edu; look under /mirrors/amiga.physik.unizh.ch/...)

HamLab Plus is an excellent JPEG viewer/converter, as well as being a
general image manipulation tool.  It's cheap (shareware, $20) and can read
several formats besides JPEG.  The current version is 2.0.8.  A demo version
is available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/edit/hamlab208d.lha.  The demo version will crop images larger
than 512x512, but it is otherwise fully functional.

Rend24 (shareware, $30) is an image renderer that can display JPEG, ILBM,
and GIF images.  The program can be used to create animations, even
capturing frames on-the-fly from rendering packages like Lightwave.  The
current version is 1.05, available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror
sites), file amiga/os30/gfx/rend105.lha.  (Note: although this directory is
supposedly for AmigaDOS 3.0 programs, the program will also run under
AmigaDOS 1.3, 2.04 or 2.1.)

Viewtek is a free JPEG/ILBM/GIF/ANIM viewer.  The current version is 1.04,
available from amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites), file
amiga/gfx/show/ViewTek104.lha.

If you're willing to spend real money, there are several commercial packages
that support JPEG.  Two are written by Thomas Krehbiel, the author of Rend24
and Viewtek.  These are CineMorph, a standalone image morphing package, and
ImageFX, an impressive 24-bit image capture, conversion, editing, painting,
effects and prepress package that also includes CineMorph.  Both are
distributed by Great Valley Products.  Art Department Professional (ADPro),
from ASDG Inc, is the most widely used commercial image manipulation
software for Amigas.  ImageMaster, from Black Belt Systems, is another
well-regarded commercial graphics package with JPEG support.

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Amigas from
amiga.physik.unizh.ch (and mirror sites) in directory amiga/gfx/conv, file
AmigaJPEGV4.lha.  These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM,GIF,Targa formats.

The Amiga world is heavily infested with quick-and-dirty JPEG programs, many
based on an ancient beta-test version of the free IJG JPEG software (thanks
to a certain magazine that published same on its disk-of-the-month, without
so much as notifying the authors).  Among these are "AugJPEG", "NewAmyJPEG",
"VJPEG", and probably others I have not even heard of.  In my opinion,
anything older than IJG version 3 (March 1992) is not worth the disk space
it's stored on; if you have such a program, trash it and get something newer.

Atari ST:

The free IJG JPEG software is available compiled for Atari ST, TT, etc,
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/jpeg4bin.zoo.
These programs convert JPEG to/from PPM, GIF, Targa formats.

For monochrome ST monitors, try MGIF, which manages to achieve four-level
grayscale effect by flickering.  Version 4.1 reads JPEG files.  Available
from atari.archive.umich.edu, file /atari/Graphics/mgif41b.zoo.

I have not heard of any other free or shareware JPEG-capable viewers for
Ataris, but surely there must be some by now?  Pointers appreciated.

Acorn Archimedes:

!ChangeFSI, supplied with RISC OS 3 version 3.10, can convert from and view
JPEG JFIF format.  Provision is also made to convert images to JPEG,
although this must be done from the CLI rather than by double-clicking.

Recent versions (since 7.11) of the shareware program Translator can handle
JPEG, along with about 30 other image formats.  While older versions can be
found on some Archimedes bboards, the current version is only available by
registering with the author, John Kortink, Nutterbrink 31, 7544 WJ, Enschede,
The Netherlands.  Price 35 Dutch guilders (about $22 or 10 pounds).

There's also a commercial product called !JPEG which provides JPEG read/write
functionality and direct JPEG viewing, as well as a host of other image
format conversion and processing options.  This is more expensive but not
necessarily better than the above programs.  Contact: DT Software, FREEPOST,
Cambridge, UK.  Tel: 0223 841099.

NeXT:

ImageViewer is a PD utility that displays images and can do some format
conversions.  The current version reads JPEG but does not write it.
ImageViewer is available from the standard NeXT archives at
sonata.cc.purdue.edu and cs.orst.edu, somewhere in /pub/next (both are
currently being re-organized, so it's hard to point to specific
sub-directories).  Note that there is an older version floating around that
does not support JPEG.


Portable software for almost any system:

If none of the above fits your situation, you can obtain and compile the free
JPEG conversion software described in 6B.  You'll also need a viewer program.
If your display is 8 bits or less, any GIF viewer will do fine; if you have a
display with more color capability, try to find a viewer that can read Targa
or PPM 24-bit image files.

There are numerous commercial JPEG offerings, with more popping up every
day.  I recommend that you not spend money on one of these unless you find
the available free or shareware software vastly too slow.  In that case,
purchase a hardware-assisted product.  Ask pointed questions about whether
the product complies with the final JPEG standard and about whether it can
handle the JFIF file format; many of the earliest commercial releases are
not and never will be compatible with anyone else's files.


[6B]  If you are looking for source code to work with:

Free, portable C code for JPEG compression is available from the Independent
JPEG Group, which I lead.  A package containing our source code,
documentation, and some small test files is available from several places.
The "official" archive site for this source code is ftp.uu.net (137.39.1.9
or 192.48.96.9).  Look under directory /graphics/jpeg; the current release
is jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z.  (This is a compressed TAR file; don't forget to
retrieve in binary mode.)  You can retrieve this file by FTP or UUCP.
If you are on a PC and don't know how to cope with .tar.Z format, you may
prefer ZIP format, which you can find at Simtel20 and mirror sites (see NOTE
above), file msdos/graphics/jpegsrc4.zip.  This file will also be available on
CompuServe, in the GRAPHSUPPORT forum (GO PICS), library 15, as jpsrc4.zip.
If you have no FTP access, you can retrieve the source from your nearest
comp.sources.misc archive; version 4 appeared as issues 55-72 of volume 34.
(If you don't know how to retrieve comp.sources.misc postings, see the FAQ
article "How to find sources", referred to at the top of section 6.)

The free JPEG code provides conversion between JPEG "JFIF" format and image
files in GIF, PBMPLUS PPM/PGM, Utah RLE, and Truevision Targa file formats.
The core compression and decompression modules can easily be reused in other
programs, such as image viewers.  The package is highly portable; we have
tested it on many machines ranging from PCs to Crays.

We have released this software for both noncommercial and commercial use.
Companies are welcome to use it as the basis for JPEG-related products.
We do not ask a royalty, although we do ask for an acknowledgement in
product literature (see the README file in the distribution for details).
We hope to make this software industrial-quality --- although, as with
anything that's free, we offer no warranty and accept no liability.

The Independent JPEG Group is a volunteer organization; if you'd like to
contribute to improving our software, you are welcome to join.


[7]  What's all this hoopla about color quantization?

Most people don't have full-color (24 bit per pixel) display hardware.
Typical display hardware stores 8 or fewer bits per pixel, so it can display
256 or fewer distinct colors at a time.  To display a full-color image, the
computer must map the image into an appropriate set of representative
colors.  This process is called "color quantization".  (This is something
of a misnomer, "color selection" would be a better term.  We're stuck with
the standard usage though.)

Clearly, color quantization is a lossy process.  It turns out that for most
images, the details of the color quantization algorithm have MUCH more impact
on the final image quality than do any errors introduced by JPEG (except at
the very lowest JPEG quality settings).

Since JPEG is a full-color format, converting a color JPEG image for display
on 8-bit-or-less hardware requires color quantization.  This is true for
*all* color JPEGs: even if you feed a 256-or-less-color GIF into JPEG, what
comes out of the decompressor is *not* 256 colors, but thousands of colors.
This happens because JPEG's lossiness affects each pixel a little
differently, so two pixels that started with identical colors will probably
come out with slightly different colors.  Each original color gets "smeared"
into a group of nearby colors.  Therefore quantization is always required to
display a color JPEG on a colormapped display, regardless of the image
source.  The only way to avoid quantization is to ask for gray-scale output.

(Incidentally, because of this effect it's nearly meaningless to talk about
the number of colors used by a JPEG image.  Even if you attempted to count
the number of distinct pixel values, different JPEG decoders would give you
different results because of roundoff error differences.  I occasionally see
posted images described as "256-color JPEG".  This tells me that the poster
(a) hasn't read this FAQ and (b) probably converted the JPEG from a GIF.
JPEGs can be classified as color or gray-scale (just like photographs), but
number of colors just isn't a useful concept for JPEG.)

On the other hand, a GIF image by definition has already been quantized to
256 or fewer colors.  (A GIF *does* have a definite number of colors in its
palette, and the format doesn't allow more than 256 palette entries.)
For purposes of Usenet picture distribution, GIF has the advantage that the
sender precomputes the color quantization, so recipients don't have to.
This is also the *disadvantage* of GIF: you're stuck with the sender's
quantization.  If the sender quantized to a different number of colors than
what you can display, you have to re-quantize, resulting in much poorer
image quality than if you had quantized once from a full-color image.
Furthermore, if the sender didn't use a high-quality color quantization
algorithm, you're out of luck.

For this reason, JPEG offers the promise of significantly better image quality
for all users whose machines don't match the sender's display hardware.
JPEG's full color image can be quantized to precisely match the user's display
hardware.  Furthermore, you will be able to take advantage of future
improvements in quantization algorithms (there is a lot of active research in
this area), or purchase better display hardware, to get a better view of JPEG
images you already have.  With a GIF, you're stuck forevermore with what was
sent.

It's also worth mentioning that many GIF-viewing programs include rather
shoddy quantization routines.  If you view a 256-color GIF on a 16-color EGA
display, for example, you are probably getting a much worse image than you
need to.  This is partly an inevitable consequence of doing two color
quantizations (one to create the GIF, one to display it), but often it's
also due to sloppiness.  JPEG conversion programs will be forced to use
high quality quantizers in order to get acceptable results at all, and in
normal use they will quantize directly to the number of colors to be
displayed.  Thus, JPEG is likely to provide better results than the average
GIF program for low-color-resolution displays as well as high-resolution ones!

Finally, an ever-growing number of people have better-than-8-bit display
hardware already: 15-bit "hi-color" PC displays, true 24-bit displays on
workstations and Macintoshes, etc.  For these people, GIF is already
obsolete, as it cannot represent an image to the full capabilities of their
display.  JPEG images can drive these displays much more effectively.
Thus, JPEG is an all-around better choice than GIF for representing images
in a machine-independent fashion.


[8]  How does JPEG work?

The buzz-words to know are chrominance subsampling, discrete cosine
transforms, coefficient quantization, and Huffman or arithmetic entropy
coding.  This article's long enough already, so I'm not going to say more
than that here.  For technical information, see the comp.compression FAQ.
This is available from the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu, in files
/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq/part[1-3].  If you need help in
using the news.answers archive, see the top of this article.


[9]  What about lossless JPEG?

There's a great deal of confusion on this subject.  The JPEG committee did
define a truly lossless compression algorithm, i.e., one that guarantees the
final output is bit-for-bit identical to the original input.  However, this
lossless mode has almost nothing in common with the regular, lossy JPEG
algorithm, and it offers much less compression.  At present, very few
implementations of lossless JPEG exist, and all of them are commercial.

Saying "-Q 100" to the free JPEG software DOES NOT get you a lossless image.
What it does get rid of is deliberate information loss in the coefficient
quantization step.  There is still a good deal of information loss in the
color subsampling step.  (With the V4 free JPEG code, you can also say
"-sample 1x1" to turn off subsampling.  Keep in mind that many commercial
JPEG implementations cannot cope with the resulting file.)

Even with both quantization and subsampling turned off, the regular JPEG
algorithm is not lossless, because it is subject to roundoff errors in
various calculations.  The maximum error is a few counts in any one pixel
value; it's highly unlikely that this could be perceived by the human eye,
but it might be a concern if you are doing machine processing of an image.

At this minimum-loss setting, regular JPEG produces files that are perhaps
half the size of an uncompressed 24-bit-per-pixel image.  True lossless JPEG
provides roughly the same amount of compression, but it guarantees
bit-for-bit accuracy.

If you have an application requiring lossless storage of images with less
than 6 bits per pixel (per color component), you may want to look into the
JBIG bilevel image compression standard.  This performs better than JPEG
lossless on such images.  JPEG lossless is superior to JBIG on images with
6 or more bits per pixel; furthermore, JPEG is public domain (at least with a
Huffman back end), while the JBIG techniques are heavily covered by patents.


[10]  Why all the argument about file formats?

Strictly speaking, JPEG refers only to a family of compression algorithms;
it does *not* refer to a specific image file format.  The JPEG committee was
prevented from defining a file format by turf wars within the international
standards organizations.

Since we can't actually exchange images with anyone else unless we agree on
a common file format, this leaves us with a problem.  In the absence of
official standards, a number of JPEG program writers have just gone off to
"do their own thing", and as a result their programs aren't compatible with
anybody else's.

The closest thing we have to a de-facto standard JPEG format is some work
that's been coordinated by people at C-Cube Microsystems.  They have defined
two JPEG-based file formats:
  * JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format), a "low-end" format that transports
    pixels and not much else.
  * TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, an extension of the Aldus TIFF format.  TIFF is
    a "high-end" format that will let you record just about everything you
    ever wanted to know about an image, and a lot more besides :-).  TIFF is
    a lot more complex than JFIF, and may well prove less transportable,
    because different vendors have historically implemented slightly different
    and incompatible subsets of TIFF.  It's not likely that adding JPEG to the
    mix will do anything to improve this situation.
Both of these formats were developed with input from all the major vendors
of JPEG-related products; it's reasonably likely that future commercial
products will adhere to one or both standards.

I believe that Usenet should adopt JFIF as the replacement for GIF in
picture postings.  JFIF is simpler than TIFF and is available now; the
TIFF 6.0 spec has only recently been officially adopted, and it is still
unusably vague on some crucial details.  Even when TIFF/JPEG is well
defined, the JFIF format is likely to be a widely supported "lowest common
denominator"; TIFF/JPEG files may never be as transportable.

A particular case that people may be interested in is Apple's QuickTime
software for the Macintosh.  QuickTime uses a JFIF-compatible format wrapped
inside the Mac-specific PICT structure.  Conversion between JFIF and
QuickTime JPEG is pretty straightforward, and several Mac programs are
available to do it (see Mac portion of section 6A).  If you have an editor
that handles binary files, you can strip a QuickTime JPEG PICT down to JFIF
by hand; see section 11 for details.

Another particular case is Handmade Software's programs (GIF2JPG/JPG2GIF and
Image Alchemy).  These programs are capable of reading and writing JFIF
format.  By default, though, they write a proprietary format developed by
HSI.  This format is NOT readable by any non-HSI programs and should not be
used for Usenet postings.  Use the -j switch to get JFIF output.  (This
applies to old versions of these programs; the current releases emit JFIF
format by default.  You still should be careful not to post HSI-format
files, unless you want to get flamed by people on non-PC platforms.)


[11]  How do I recognize which file format I have, and what do I do about it?

If you have an alleged JPEG file that your software won't read, it's likely
to be HSI format or some other proprietary JPEG-based format.  You can tell
what you have by inspecting the first few bytes of the file:

1.  A JFIF-standard file will start with the characters (hex) FF D8 FF E0,
    followed by two variable bytes (often hex 00 10), followed by 'JFIF'.

2.  If you see FF D8 at the start, but not the rest of it, you may have a
    "raw JPEG" file.  This is probably decodable as-is by JFIF software ---
    it's worth a try, anyway.

3.  HSI files start with 'hsi1'.  You're out of luck unless you have HSI
    software.  Portions of the file may look like plain JPEG data, but they
    won't decompress properly with non-HSI programs.

4.  A Macintosh PICT file, if JPEG-compressed, will have a couple hundred
    bytes of header followed by a JFIF header (scan for 'JFIF').  Strip off
    everything before the FF D8 and you should be able to read it.

5.  Anything else: it's a proprietary format, or not JPEG at all.  If you are
    lucky, the file may consist of a header and a raw JPEG data stream.
    If you can identify the start of the JPEG data stream (look for FF D8),
    try stripping off everything before that.

In uuencoded Usenet postings, the characteristic JFIF pattern is

	"begin" line
	M_]C_X ...

whereas uuencoded HSI files will start with

	"begin" line
	M:'-I ...

If you learn to check for the former, you can save yourself the trouble of
downloading non-JFIF files.


[12]  What about arithmetic coding?

The JPEG spec defines two different "back end" modules for the final output
of compressed data: either Huffman coding or arithmetic coding is allowed.
The choice has no impact on image quality, but arithmetic coding usually
produces a smaller compressed file.  On typical images, arithmetic coding
produces a file 5 or 10 percent smaller than Huffman coding.  (All the
file-size numbers previously cited are for Huffman coding.)

Unfortunately, the particular variant of arithmetic coding specified by the
JPEG standard is subject to patents owned by IBM, AT&T, and Mitsubishi.
Thus *you cannot legally use arithmetic coding* unless you obtain licenses
from these companies.  (The "fair use" doctrine allows people to implement
and test the algorithm, but actually storing any images with it is dubious
at best.)

At least in the short run, I recommend that people not worry about
arithmetic coding; the space savings isn't great enough to justify the
potential legal hassles.  In particular, arithmetic coding *should not*
be used for any images to be exchanged on Usenet.

There is some small chance that the legal situation may change in the
future.  Stay tuned for further details.


[13]  Does loss accumulate with repeated compression/decompression?

It would be nice if, having compressed an image with JPEG, you could
decompress it, manipulate it (crop off a border, say), and recompress it
without any further image degradation beyond what you lost initially.
Unfortunately THIS IS NOT THE CASE.  In general, recompressing an altered
image loses more information, though usually not as much as was lost the
first time around.

The next best thing would be that if you decompress an image and recompress
it *without changing it* then there is no further loss, i.e., you get an
identical JPEG file.  Even this is not true; at least, not with the current
free JPEG software.  It's essentially a problem of accumulation of roundoff
error.  If you repeatedly compress and decompress, the image will eventually
degrade to where you can see visible changes from the first-generation
output.  (It usually takes many such cycles to get visible change.)
One of the things on our to-do list is to see if accumulation of error can
be avoided or limited, but I am not optimistic about it.

In any case, the most that could possibly be guaranteed would be that
compressing the unmodified full-color output of djpeg, at the original
quality setting, would introduce no further loss.  Even such simple changes
as cropping off a border could cause further roundoff-error degradation.
(If you're wondering why, it's because the pixel-block boundaries move.
If you cropped off only multiples of 16 pixels, you might be safe, but
that's a mighty limited capability!)

The bottom line is that JPEG is a useful format for archival storage and
transmission of images, but you don't want to use it as an intermediate
format for sequences of image manipulation steps.  Use a lossless format
(PPM, RLE, TIFF, etc) while working on the image, then JPEG it when you are
ready to file it away.  Aside from avoiding degradation, you will save a lot
of compression/decompression time this way :-).


[14]  What are some rules of thumb for converting GIF images to JPEG?

As stated earlier, you *will* lose some amount of image information if you
convert an existing GIF image to JPEG.  If you can obtain the original
full-color data the GIF was made from, it's far better to make a JPEG from
that.  But if you need to save space and have only the GIF to work from,
here are some suggestions for getting maximum space savings with minimum
loss of quality.

The first rule when converting a GIF library is to look at each JPEG, to
make sure you are happy with it, before throwing away the corresponding GIF;
that will give you a chance to re-do the conversion with a higher quality
setting if necessary.  Some GIFs may be better left as GIFs, as explained in
section 3; in particular, cartoon-type GIFs with sixteen or fewer colors
don't convert well.  You may find that a JPEG file of reasonable quality
will be *larger* than the GIF.  (So check the sizes too.)

Experience to date suggests that large, high-visual-quality GIFs are the best
candidates for conversion to JPEG.  They chew up the most storage so offer
the most potential savings, and they convert to JPEG with least degradation.
Don't waste your time converting any GIF much under 100 Kbytes.  Also, don't
expect JPEG files converted from GIFs to be as small as those created
directly from full-color originals.  To maintain image quality you may have
to let the converted files be as much as twice as big as straight-through
JPEG files would be (i.e., shoot for 1/2 or 1/3rd the size of the GIF file,
not 1/4th as suggested in earlier comparisons).

Many people have developed an odd habit of putting a large constant-color
border around a GIF image.  While useless, this was nearly free in terms of
storage cost in GIF files.  It is NOT free in JPEG files, and the sharp
border boundary can create visible artifacts ("ghost" edges).  Do yourself
a favor and crop off any border before JPEGing.  (If you are on an X Windows
system, XV's manual and automatic cropping functions are a very painless
way to do this.)

cjpeg's default Q setting of 75 is appropriate for full-color input, but
for GIF inputs, Q settings of 85 to 95 often seem to be necessary to avoid
image degradation.  (If you apply smoothing as suggested below, the higher
Q setting may not be necessary.)

Color GIFs of photographs or complex artwork are usually "dithered" to fool
your eye into seeing more than the 256 colors that GIF can actually store.
If you enlarge the image, you will see that adjacent pixels are often of
significantly different colors; at normal size the eye averages these pixels
together to produce the illusion of an intermediate color value.  The
trouble with dithering is that, to JPEG, it looks like high-spatial-frequency
color noise; and JPEG can't compress noise very well.  The resulting JPEG
file is both larger and of lower image quality than what you would have
gotten from JPEGing the original full color image (if you had it).
To get around this, you want to "smooth" the GIF image before compression.
Smoothing averages together nearby pixels, thus approximating the color that
you thought you saw anyway, and in the process getting rid of the rapid
color changes that give JPEG trouble.  Appropriate use of smoothing will
often let you avoid using a high Q factor, thus further reducing the size of
the compressed file, while still obtaining a better-looking output image
than you'd get without smoothing.

With the V4 free JPEG software (or products based on it), a simple smoothing
capability is built in.  Try "-smooth 10" or so when converting GIFs.
Values of 10 to 25 seem to work well for high-quality GIFs.  Heavy-handed
dithering may require larger smoothing factors.  (If you can see regular
fine-scale patterns on the GIF image even without enlargement, then strong
smoothing is definitely called for.)  Too large a smoothing factor will blur
the output image, which you don't want.  If you are an image processing
wizard, you can also do smoothing with a separate filtering program, such as
pnmconvol from the PBMPLUS package.  However, cjpeg's built-in smoother is
a LOT faster than pnmconvol...

The upshot of all this is that "cjpeg -quality 85 -smooth 10" is probably a
good starting point for converting GIFs.  But if you really care about the
image, you'll want to check the results and maybe try a few other settings.


---------------------

For more information about JPEG in general or the free JPEG software in
particular, contact the Independent JPEG Group at jpeg-info@uunet.uu.net.

-- 
			tom lane
			organizer, Independent JPEG Group
Internet: tgl@cs.cmu.edu	BITNET: tgl%cs.cmu.edu@carnegie

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39639
From: broehl@sunee.uwaterloo.ca (Bernie Roehl)
Subject: Re: Optimizing projections

In article <1sua3tINNqs2@no-names.nerdc.ufl.edu> LIONESS@ufcc.ufl.edu writes:
>My three-d library does a lot of projections ( duh ), but currently it
>is projecting an object's vertices on a _per triangle basis_.  This is
>grossly inefficient for 99% of the objects displayed ( which can
>be optimized by doing projections ONE time, once for each vertex ), but
>objects whose Z-extents intersect the hither plane can't benefit from
>this because new vertices must be created during Z-clipping.

>Anyone have any better ideas?

Yes.  Here's what you should do.

Keep the vertices in an array, and have the polygons (triangles are okay,
but n-sided polygons are slightly more efficient) store the indices into
the array of the vertices that comprise them.  You set a flag for each
vertex when you transform it, so you don't have to transform any vertex
more than once; you also do backface elimination before processing the
polygon, so that vertices that belong only to bacfacing polys don't have
to be transformed at all.

Whenever you transform a vertex, check if it's on the far side of the hither
plane; if it is, you can project it right away and store the result.

Then do your Z clip; any vertices that get produced will have to have their
projection done at that stage.

-- 
	Bernie Roehl
        University of Waterloo Dept of Electrical and Computer Engineering
	Mail: broehl@sunee.UWaterloo.ca
	Voice:  (519) 885-1211 x 2607 [work]

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39640
From: da1-lst@hemul.nada.kth.se (Lars-Erik Stenholm)
Subject: Parametric Drafting


Hello networld!

I'm looking for documentation/books on parametric drafting.

Does anyone know of such material, electronic on a Gopher/ftp-site
or books/authors.

Im not looking for commercial software rather info on implementation 
and theory of the subject. Im planning to make a parametric
generator for autocad and i would need some referance.

Everything you know is of interest!

Thanks in advace!!

//Lasse




-- 
---
Lars-Erik Stenholm, Student at the University Of Stockholm, Sweden.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39641
From: af774@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Chad Cipiti)
Subject: 3D Shark?


Hi.  I'm looking for a 3D shark for use in a ray tracing rountine I'm doing.
 I'll be using Vivid or POV, but it can be in any format.  Are there any
 FTP sites with 3D objects or does anyone have a good 3D shark?

Thanks alot!

Chad


-- 
      ....                 New in 1993                                
 ~  ~~ :::::.~~~ ~ ~    Sea World of Ohio           Chad Cipiti         
~ ~~  ::SHARK:. ~  ~                         cipiti@bobcat.ent.ohiou.edu
 ~~ .:ENCOUNTER:. ~~     "Make Contact."     af774@cleveland.freenet.edu

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39642
From: u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (jih-shin ho)
Subject: disp140 [0/7]


I have posted DISP140.ZIP to alt.binaries.pictures.utilities.
I will upload this package to SIMTEL20 later.

******   You may distribute this program freely for non-commercial use
         if no fee is gained.
******   There is no warranty. The author is not responsible for any
         damage caused by this program.

Important changes since Version 1.35:
  Added support for IRIS.
  Support Mix/Concat. two images.
  Added support for 'batch conversion'.
  Added support for 'load/save palette table'.
  Added support for 'edge enhance'.
  Added support for 'crop one line'.
  Added support for 'negate image'.
  New color quantization option.
  Fix some minor bugs.

(1) Introduction:
  This program can let you READ, WRITE and DISPLAY images with different
  formats. It also let you do some special effects(ROTATION, DITHERING ....)
  on image. Its main purpose is to let you convert image among different
  formts.
  Include simple file management system.
  Support 'slide show'.
+ Support 'batch conversion'.
  There is NO LIMIT on image size.
  Currently this program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.
  If you want to use HiColor or TrueColor, you must have VESA driver.
  If you want to modify video driver, please read section (8).


(2) Hardware Requirement:
  PC 386 or better. MSDOS 3.3 or higher.
  min amount of ram is 4M bytes(Maybe less memory will also work).
  (I recommend min 8M bytes for better performance).
  Hard disk for swapping(virtual memory).

  The following description is borrowed from DJGPP.

  Supported Wares:

  * Up to 128M of extended memory (expanded under VCPI)
  * Up to 128M of disk space used for swapping
  * SuperVGA 256-color mode up to 1024x768
  * 80387
  * XMS & VDISK memory allocation strategies
  * VCPI programs, such as QEMM, DESQview, and 386MAX

  Unsupported:

  * DPMI
  * Microsoft Windows

  Features: 80387 emulator, 32-bit unix-ish environment, flat memory
  model, SVGA graphics.


(3) Installation:
  Video drivers, emu387 and go32.exe are borrowed from DJGPP.
  (If you use Western Digital VGA chips, read readme.wd)
  (This GO32.EXE is a modified version for vesa and is COMPLETELY compatible
   with original version)
  *** But some people report that this go32.exe is not compatible with
      other DJGPP programs in their system. If you encounter this problem,
      DON'T put go32.exe within search path.

  *** Please read runme.bat for how to run this program.

  If you choose xxxxx.grn as video driver, add 'nc 256' to environment
    GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grn nc 256

  If you don't have 80x87, add 'emu x:/xxxxx/emu387' to environment GO32.

  For example, go32=driver x:/xxxxx/xxxxx.grd emu x:/xxxxx/emu387

  **** Notes: 1. I only test tr8900.grn, et4000.grn and vesa.grn.
                 Other drivers are not tested.
              2. I have modified et4000.grn to support 8, 15, 16, 24 bits
                 display. You don't need to use vesa driver.
                 If et4000.grn doesn't work, please try vesa.grn.
              3. For those who want to use HiColor or TrueColor display,
                 please use vesa.grn(except et4000 users).
                 You can find vesa BIOS driver from :
                   wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/graphics
                   godzilla.cgl.rmit.oz.au: /kjb/MGL


(4) Command Line Switch:

    Usage : display [-d|--display initial_display_type]
                    [-s|--sort sort_method]
                    [-h|-?]

    Display type: 8(SVGA,default), 15, 16(HiColor), 24(TrueColor)
    Sort method: 'name', 'ext'


(5) Function Key:

    F2 : Change disk drive.

    CTRL-A -- CTRL-Z : change disk drive.

    F3 : Change filename mask. (See match.doc)

    F4 : Change parameters.

    F5 : Some effects on picture, eg. flip, rotate ....

    F7 : Make Directory.

    t : Tag file.

    + : Tag group files. (See match.doc)

    T : Tag all files.

    u : Untag file.

    - : Untag group files. (See match.doc)

    U : Untag all files.

    Ins : Change display type (8,15,16,24) in 'read' & 'screen' menu.

    F6,m,M : Move file(s).

+   ALT-M : Move single file(ignore tag).

    F8,d,D : Delete file(s).

+   ALT-D : Delete single file(ignore tag).

    r,R : Rename file.

    c,C : Copy File(s).

+   ALT-C : Copy single file(ignore tag).

    z,Z : Display first 10 bytes in Ascii, Hex and Dec modes.

    f,F : Display disk free space.

    Page Up/Down : Move one page.

    TAB : Change processing target.

    Arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down: Scroll image.
      Home: Left Most.
      End: Right Most.
      Page Up: Top Most.
      Page Down: Bottom Most.
      in 'screen' & 'effect' menu :
        Left,Right arrow: Change display type(8, 15, 16, 24 bits).

+   CTRL-Arrow keys : Crop image by one line(in graphics mode).

    s,S : Slide Show(show tagged files). ESCAPE to terminate.

+   b,B : Batch conversion(convert tagged files to single format).

+   w,W : Wait/Pause in slide show.

    ALT-X : Quit program without prompting.

    ALT-A : Reread directory.

    Escape : Abort function and return.


(6) Support Format:

  Read: GIF(.gif), Japan MAG(.mag), Japan PIC(.pic), Sun Raster(.ras),
        Jpeg(.jpg), XBM(.xbm), Utah RLE(.rle), PBM(.pbm), PGM(.pgm),
        PPM(.ppm), PM(.pm), PCX(.pcx), Japan MKI(.mki), Tiff(.tif),
        Targa(.tga), XPM(.xpm), Mac Paint(.mac), GEM/IMG(.img),
        IFF/ILBM(.lbm), Window BMP(.bmp), QRT ray tracing(.qrt),
        Mac PICT(.pct), VIS(.vis), PDS(.pds), VIKING(.vik), VICAR(.vic),
+       FITS(.fit), Usenix FACE(.fac), IRIS(.sgi).

        the extensions in () are standard extensions.

  Write: GIF, Sun Raster, Jpeg, XBM, PBM, PGM, PPM, PM, Tiff, Targa,
         XPM, Mac Paint, Ascii, Laser Jet, IFF/ILBM, Window BMP,
+        Mac PICT, VIS, FITS, FACE, PCX, GEM/IMG, IRIS.

  All Read/Write support full color(8 bits), grey scale, b/w dither,
      and 24 bits image, if allowed for that format.


(7) Detail:

   Initialization:
      Set default display type to highest display type.
      Find allowable screen resolution(for .grn video driver only).

   1. When you run this program, you will enter 'read' menu. Whthin this
      menu you can press any function key. If you move or copy
      files, you will enter 'write' menu. the 'write' menu is much like
      'read' menu, but only allow you to change directory.
      The header line in 'read' menu includes "(d:xx,f:xx,t:xx)".
        d : display type. f: number of files. t: number of tagged files.
      pressing SPACE in 'read' menu will let you select which format to use
        for reading current file.
      pressing RETURN in 'read' menu will let you reading current file. This
        program will automatically determine which format this file is.
        The procedure is: First, check magic number. If fail, check
        standard extension. Still fail, report error.
      pressing s or S in 'read' menu will do 'Slide Show'.
        If delay time is 0, program will wait until you hit a key
          (except ESCAPE).
        If any error occurs, program will make a beep.
+       'w' or 'W' to pause, any key to continue.
        ESCAPE to terminate.
      pressing Ins in 'read' menu will change display type.
      pressing ALT-X in 'read' menu will quit program without prompting.
+     pressing F5 will turn on 'effect' menu.

   2. Once image file is successfully read, you will enter 'screen' menu.
      You can do special effect on image.
      pressing RETURN: show image.
        in graphic mode, press RETURN, SPACE or ESCAPE to return to text
        mode.
      pressing TAB: change processing target. This program allows you to do
        special effects on 8-bit or 24-bit image.
      pressing Left,Right arrow: change display type. 8, 15, 16, 24 bits.
      pressing SPACE: save current image to file.
        B/W Dither: save as black/white image(1 bit).
        Grey Scale: save as grey image(8 bits).
        Full Color: save as color image(8 bits).
        True Color: save as 24-bit image.

        This program will ask you some questions if you want to write image
        to file. Some questions are format-dependent. Finally This program
        will prompt you a filename. If you want to save file under another
        directory other than current directory, please press SPACE. after
        pressing SPACE, you will enter 'write2' menu. You can change
        directory to what you want. Then,

        pressing SPACE: this program will prompt you 'original' filename.
        pressing RETURN: this program will prompt you 'selected' filename
                      (filename under bar).


  3. This program supports 8, 15, 16, 24 bits display.

  4. This Program is MEMORY GREEDY. If you don't have enough memory,
     the performance is poor.

  5. If you want to save 8 bits image :
       try GIF then TIFF(LZW) then TARGA then Sun Raster then BMP then ...

     If you want to save 24 bits image (lossless):
       try TIFF(LZW) or TARGA or ILBM or Sun Raster
       (No one is better for true 24bits image)

  6. I recommend Jpeg for storing 24 bits images, even 8 bits images.

  7. Not all subroutines are fully tested

  8. This document is not well written. If you have any PROBLEM, SUGGESTION,
     COMMENT about this program,
     Please send to u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw (140.113.11.13).
     I need your suggestion to improve this program.
     (There is NO anonymous ftp on this site)


(8) Tech. information:
  Program (user interface and some subroutines) written by Jih-Shin Ho.
  Some subroutines are borrowed from XV(2.21) and PBMPLUS(dec 91).
  Tiff(V3.2) and Jpeg(V4) reading/writing are through public domain
    libraries.
  Compiled with DJGPP.
  You can get whole DJGPP package from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
    For example, wuarchive.wustl.edu: /mirrors/msdos/djgpp


(9) For Thoese who want to modify video driver:
   1. get GRX source code from SIMTEL20 or mirror sites.
   2. For HiColor and TrueColor:
        15 bits : # of colors is set to 32768.
        16 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc010.
        24 bits : # of colors is set to 0xc018.


Acknowledgment:
  I would like to thank the authors of XV and PBMPLUS for their permission
    to let me use their subroutines.
  Also I will thank the authors who write Tiff and Jpeg libraries.
  Thank DJ. Without DJGPP I can't do any thing on PC.


                                            Jih-Shin Ho
                                   u7711501@bicmos.ee.nctu.edu.tw

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39643
From: dconway@hpldsla.sid.hp.com (Dan Conway)
Subject: Re: Calculating regular polyhedra vertices

I'd be interested in a copy of this code if you run across it.
(Mail to the author bounced)
 > / hpldsla:comp.graphics / ricky@vnet.ibm.com (Rick Turner) / 12:53 am  May 13,
 1993 /
 > I fooled around with this problem a few years ago, and implemented a
 > simple method that ran on a PC.
 > was very simple - about 40 or 50 lines of code.
 . . .
 > Somewhere I still have it
 > and could dig it out if there was interest.
 >
 > Rick

 Dan Conway
 dconway@hpsid.sid.hp.com


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39644
From: rsc@altair.csustan.edu (Steve Cunningham)
Subject: Re: SIGGRAPH online experimental publication available

Rich Brandwein writes:

+In article <1993May7.211312.10403@bert.eecs.uic.edu>, rsc@siggraph.org
+(Steve Cunningham) writes:
+|>           Computer Graphics experimental special online issue
+|>                                May 1993
+|> 
+|> The May 1993 experimental special issue of Computer Graphics is online 
+|> as a set of files on the  siggraph.org  system in the directory 
+|>      ~ftp/publications/May_93_online 
+|> This is made available to the computer graphics community by ACM 
+|> SIGGRAPH.  The general theme of this issue is electronic documents, and 
+|> the Table of Contents in the AboutThisIssue files will tell you more 
+|> about this publication and its contents.
+
+        I ftp'd here, but found nothing.  Has this been removed?

Nope, it's still there:

ftp siggraph.org
Connected to siggraph.org.
220 siggraph.org FTP server (Version 6.12 Tue Apr 13 09:53:56 CDT 1993) ready.
Name (siggraph.org:rsc): anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send e-mail address as password.
Password:
230--------------------------------------------------------------
230-    Welcome to Siggraph.Org, a machine maintained for ACM 
230-    SIGGRAPH by volunteers as a service to the active
230-    computer graphics community.
230-    ...
ftp> cd publications/May_93_online
250 CWD command successful.
ftp> ls
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for file list.
AboutThisIssue
Kappe.Maurer
Skip.Tappan.Russell
Gonzalez
Rosenblum
Bossomaier.Green
Announcements
Calendar
Contacts
index
READ_ME
226 Transfer complete.
141 bytes received in 0.04 seconds (3.4 Kbytes/s)
ftp>

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39645
From: jorna@kub.nl (AEGEE-Tilburg, Remco Jorna)
Subject: CGM garphics viewer wanted

I'm currently looking for a viewer for Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM)
pictures. Please inform me about a SHAREWARE or FREEWARE version.

Thnx,
Remco

JORNA@KUB.NL

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39646
From: wlieftin@cs.vu.nl (Liefting W)
Subject: Re: PoV Ray Related Group NEEDED

hed@cats.ucsc.edu (Magic Fingers) writes:


>In article <1993May13.011926.4728@exucom.com> cyberman@exucom.com (Stephen R. Phillips) writes:

>If it takes making it an alt group, then why not?  I've been following
>this thread for, what has it been, two months now?

The alt.* hierarchie is created for 2 purposes:
1. For groups which do not fit under the comp.* or other 'official'
  hierarchies
2. For the fast creation of hot new newsgroups like alt.gulf.war

Because there is no voting process or any other control facilities,
sites are free to decide not to carry (some of) the alt groups.

Therefore, it is (I think) desirable to try to create comp.graphics.
{raytrace, rendering or whatever} and not an alt-group

Wouter

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39647
From: crgruen@sony1.sdrc.com (robert gruen)
Subject: Bit Planes

Could anyone please explain what Bit Planes are?  We have an SGI here at work 
that says it has 64 Bit Planes - what does this mean?  How does this relate to 
PC graphics?  What do they usually have?  Please reply via Email as most of 
this group is over my head.  

Thanks in advance!!! 

Bob Gruen 
---------
Structural Dynamics Research Corp.
Cincinnati, Ohio 
513/576-5635 

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39648
From: Eric Davis <ICEND@ASUACAD.BITNET>
Subject: Re: HELP - 3DS

In article <C70zv4.9Hq@ddtopper.Dundee.NCR.COM>, stephenc says:
>
>In 3D Studio, is there any way to create refraction, diffraction etc ?
>
>I want to simulate such things as glass lenses, bottles etc.

There might be an IPAS routine that does that,but I can'r be sure.  Another
way to do it is to render the scene without the glass object and save the
image.  Then assign that image to your glass object as a reflection.  It will
take a lot of adjusting for position and size of the reflection, but that's
the only thing I can think of.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39649
From: brendan@gu.uwa.edu.au (Brendan Langoulant)
Subject: 3D input devices

Greetings all,
   Does anyone use some form of 3D input device?  I would like to hear any
information on any systems that people are currently using...

Please email responses. I will summarise if I get some feedback.

--
Brendan Langoulant
brendan@gu.uwa.edu.au

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39651
From: Mert Sungur <ISCIS@TRMETU.BITNET>
Subject: CFP: 8th Int'l Symp. on Computer and Information Sciences

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

                               CALL FOR PAPERS


   The Eighth International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences

                                ISCIS VIII
                  November 3 - 5, 1993, Antalya, Turkey


                               Organized by

                                   EHEI
            Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Informatique, Paris, France

                                   METU
              Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey


                            in cooperation with
                  IEEE Computer Society Turkey Chapter,
                            IEEE Turkey Section
                       and the following universities:
             Bogazici, Ege, Hacettepe, Istanbul Teknik, Yildiz.

                            ISCIS Advisory Board:
             E.Arkun, E.Gelenbe, U.Halici, E.Harmanci, K.Inan,
          Y.Karsligil, S.Kuru, N.Yalabik, U. Yarimagan, S.Yilmaz


 Conference Chair        Program Co-Chairs           Publicity Chair
 --------------------    ------------------------    ----------------------
 Erol Gelenbe,           L. Gun, IBM, USA            Ugur Halici, METU
 Duke University, USA    R. Onvural,IBM, USA         halici@vm.cc.metu.edu.tr
 erol@egr.duke.edu       P. Quinton,IRISA, France    halici@trmetu.bitnet


                            Program Committee
                            -----------------
V. Akman, Turkey, E. Alpaydin, Turkey, E. Arkun, Turkey, I. Aybay, Turkey,
S. Bilgen, Turkey, A. Dogac, Turkey, A. Dogramaci, Turkey, S. Fdida, France,
J.M. Fourneau, France, E. Gelenbe, USA,  G. Gonenc, Turkey, U. Halici, Turkey,
E. Harmanci, Turkey, K. Inan, Turkey, S. Jaehnischen,Germany, S. Kuru, Turkey,
M. Nivat, France, V. Paschos, France, N.Pekergin, France, J.F. Perrot, France,
M. Raynal,France, A. Stafylopatis, Greece, G. Stamon,France, G. Ucoluk, Turkey,
N. Yalabik, Turkey


                            Publicity Committee
                            -------------------
    Isik Aybay, Osman Basbugoglu, Semih Bilgen, Emin Germen, Mert Sungur


ISCIS VIII is the eighth of a series of meetings which have brought together
computer scientists and engineers from about twenty countries. This year's
conference will be held in the beautiful Mediterranean resort city of
Antalya, in a region rich in natural as well as historical sites.


           RESEARCH PAPERS ARE SOUGHT IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS:
           --------------------------------------------------
        Theory of Computer Science   -   Computer Architecture & Systems
           Artificial Intelligence   -   Neural Networks
     Graphics and Image Processing   -   Computational Mathematics
  Operations Research Applications   -   Databases
            Performance Evaluation   -   Software Engineering
                 Computer Networks   -   Parallelism

Paper Submission:  Full papers are limited to 8 pages and short
communications are limited  to 4 pages. Submit five camera ready copies
(one original and four copies) of the paper and an accompanying letter by
postal mail only, so as to arrive by  June 30, 1993 to:

            ISCIS VIII, Attn Drs Levent Gun and Raif Onvural,
   IBM E95/B 673, P.O. Box 12195, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA

Selected papers from ISCIS VIII will be published in the journal Information
Sciences (Elsevier - North Holland).

Poster Submission: Submit five camera ready copies of 1 page extended
abstract with an accompanying letter by July 30, 1993 to the address given
above.

Information: For required writing format, further information and
announcements, contact:

                    ISCIS  VIII,  Ugur Halici,
   Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Eng., METU, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
         Tel: (90 4) 210 10 00 Ext: 2301   Fax:(90 4) 210 12 61
         Email: iscis@vm.cc.metu.edu.tr  or  iscis@trmetu.bitnet

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39652
From: spedhead@athena.mit.edu (Pankaj Oberoi)
Subject: Help 3D-reconstruction

Hi I'm new to imaging, and my advisor and I would like to 
do some 3D reconstructions.

We take slides (biological), and image them on a 486.  Then
the software allows us to trace the outline of the objects 
we want to save.  The outlines are stored as a TIFF file.

We would like to convert a group of these outlines into a 
3D image.  We are unsure as to where to begin.  Someone mentioned
that if we could convert the TIFF into a vector format then 
we could view them in Autocad.

Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Pankaj Oberoi
spedhead@athena.mit.edu


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39654
From: pfine@mitre.org (Paul Fine)
Subject: TIFF 6.0

I recently read in a book that the TIFF version 6.0 specification was due
to be released in the spring of 1992.  I am interested in finding out about
the new features of the TIFF spec (and if it is out).  Specifically, I need
to know if TIFF 6.0 supports VQ decompression and/or image
tiling.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39655
From: rlafolle@apssgi.nswc.navy.mil (Robert D. LaFollette)
Subject: Image format conversion tool 

Hello,

	Does anyone know of an image format conversion tool that will convert a 
raw (8 bit grey scale) image to Gif or Tif format.  It would be great if the tool
ran on a PC, was a Windows application, and supported other formats, but I'll be 
happy with anything that works.


		Attn: Code L10MP   Robert LaFollette 
		Dahlgren Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center
		Dahlgren, VA 22448-5000

		(703)663-4749   autovon 249-4749
		FAX (703)663-4749
		Email   rlafoll@duchamp.nswc.navy.mil
			rlafoll@128.38.158.43


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39656
From: stephens@rd1.interlan.com (Jack Stephenson)
Subject: Re: What is this .GL file?

From article <1suntv$3km@watson.mtsu.edu>, by csjohn@watson.mtsu.edu (John Wallace):
> I've got this animation file with a .GL extension.
> What is this?  Are there anu MS-DOS or OS/2 programs
> which will run this file?  Thanks.
> 

The GL file is an archive containing individual frames or pieces of
frames (usually stored as .PIC or .CLP files), fonts, and a .TXT file
that tells the GRASP animation system how to display it.  GL stands
for Grasp Library.  There is probably a detailed discussion of this subject
in the alt.binaries.pictures FAQ.

There are freely distributable viewers for GL files, and they are usually
named GRASPRT?.EXE (replace the ? with a version digit or letter).  Most
GL files contain frames that are hardware-specific to particular modes
of the CGA, EGA, or VGA adapters on PCs.  I think that there are some
copies of GRASPRT available by anonymous ftp (I know that I got one there
a long time ago).

		Good Luck
		Jack

-- 
== Jack Stephenson          main e-mail: j_stephenson@isuv1.interlan.com  ==
|| Racal-Datacom            alternate e-mail: stephens@souv1.interlan.com ||
|| P.O. Box 407044                                                        ||
== Ft. Lauderdale, FL  33340  USA     Phone: (+1) 305-846-6137            ==

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39657
From: fitz@cse.ogi.edu (Bob Fitzsimmons)
Subject: Re: VGA Graphics Library

In article <2054@mwca.UUCP> bill@mwca.UUCP (Bill Sheppard) writes:
>Many high-end graphics cards come with C source code for doing basic graphics
>sorts of things (change colors, draw points/lines/polygons/fills, etc.).  Does
>such a library exist for generic VGA graphics cards/chips, hopefully in the
>public domain?  This would be for the purpose of compiling under a non-DOS
>operating system running on a standard PC.
>

I'm also interested in info both public domain and commercial graphics library 
package to do PC VGA graphics.  

I'm currently working on a realtime application running on a PCC with a 
non-DOS kernel that needs to do some simple graphics.  I'm not sure if 
reentrancy of the graphics library is going to be an issue or not.  
I suspect I'll implement the display controller as a server process that 
handles graphics requests, queued on a mailbox, one at a time.  If this 
provides sufficiently frequent display updates then I believe that I can 
restrict all graphics operations to be performed by the server and thus 
constrain access to the library to a this single process and avoid the need
for a reentrant graphics library.  

Being fairly new to the realtime systems world I may be overlooking something,
what do you think?

Cheers,
Bob Fitzsimmons		fitz@cse.ogi.edu		(503)297-3165

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39658
From: rboykin@cscsparc.larc.nasa.gov (Rick Boykin)
Subject: Lookin Form 3-D model of Loom

    Hi folks,

I'm doing an animated film on new methodes in loom
research (You know, the thing they make cloth with.)
and need a model of a loom. The format should be 
in ascii faceted geometry and fairly straight
forward to figure out. Any help or pointers would be
greatly appreciated.

-Thanks

Rick Boykin

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    Rick Boykin (rboykin@cscsparc.larc.nasa.gov)
    Computer Sciences Corporation, Hampton, VA.

    "So maybe I could be a fly
     and feed arachnid as I die"     -Tom Marshall

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~





Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39659
From: vicente@cenaath.cena.dgac.fr (Martin VICENTE (CENA/SID))
Subject: Re: 3D input devices


Hello,
i'm interested in those devices too.
Could also send me your suggestions.
Thank in advance.
Regards.
-- 

 Martin VICENTE  (E-mail: vicente@cenaath.cena.dgac.fr - Tph: 69 84 56 88)
  Centre d'Etudes de la Navigation Aerienne   _/_/_/ _/_/       / o \ / o \
  Div. Support Informatique & Developpement      _/ _/  _/      \___/ \___/

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39660
From: nagle@netcom.com (John Nagle)
Subject: Oriented bounding box generation?

       I'm looking for code that will generate a minimum-volume oriented
bounding box for an arbitrary polyhedron.  Anyone know of such code?

       Why?  I'm converting objects from
one modelling system into another, and the destination system is object
oriented.  So I want to represent each object in its own coordinate system,
that of its bounding box, with the objects then translated and rotated
appropriately, this being the representation used in the destination
system.

					John Nagle


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39661
From: mckinley@fed3005.ne1300.ingr.com (Chuck McKinley)
Subject: Ray-Bezier Intersection Problem


If some kind person has access to a mathematical package such as Mathematica,
Maple,... I would like to ask you for the solution to the following problem.
I sometimes have algebra problems like this where I would like a simplified
symbolic solution. Is there a FTP-able package out there that can handle such
beasts?

    I would like to solve the following ray - Bezier patch intersection
    for the scalar constant t in:

        P                    + t * V                =  Q(u,w)
         (origin point in 3D)       (dir vector 3D)

    in terms of only:
       
          P            V            P                     and various scalars
           (origin) ,   (dir 3D) ,   (i,j) 0 <= i,j <= 3

    where:

                            T
    Q(u,w) = [U] [N] [B] [M]  [W]



               n  n-1  n-2   n-3
      [U] = [ u  u    u     u ....     u  1 ]      ( 0.0 <= u <= 1.0 )
               3  2
          = [ u  u  u 1 ]    ( in my particular case )


               n  n-1  n-2   n-3             T
      [W] = [ w  w    w     w ....     w  1 ]      ( 0.0 <= w <= 1.0 )

               3  2      T
          = [ w  w  w 1 ]    ( in my particular case )


                   T
      [ N ] = [ M ]   =  | -1  3 -3  1 |     ( for my particular case )
                         |  3 -6  3  0 |
                         | -3  3  0  0 |
                         |  1  0  0  0 |


      [ B ] =  | P       P       P       P      | (control points in 3D space)
               |  (0,0)   (0,1)   (0,2)   (0,3) |
               |                                |
               | P       P       P       P      |
               |  (1,0)   (1,1)   (1,2)   (1,3) |
               |                                |
               | P       P       P       P      |
               |  (2,0)   (2,1)   (2,2)   (2,3) |
               |                                |
               | P       P       P       P      |
               |  (3,0)   (3,1)   (3,2)   (3,3) |



                                        Thanx,

                                    chuck@elwood.reston.ingr.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39662
From: robertw@tekig1.PEN.TEK.COM (Robert J Woolridge)
Subject: anonymous ftp sites for graphics

Can someone please give me a couple names of anonymous
ftp sites that cater to graphics.  I am looking for info/
sources/images for building a ray tracer.  


Thanks,

Robert Woolridge
robertw@clovis.pen.tek.com

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39663
From: nagle@netcom.com (John Nagle)
Subject: Re: Point in Polygon routine needed

Andrew Lewis Tepper <at15+@andrew.cmu.edu> writes:
>I don't know if this routine is "standard", I just came up with it recently:
>For a polygon of points p1...pn, and a point P, make a table as follows:
>T(1)= angle from p1 to P to p2
>T(2)= angle from p2 to P to p3
>...
>T(n)= angle from pn to P to p1
>express all angles as: -PI < angle < PI.
>Add all entries in the table. If the sum = 0, the point is outside. If
>the sum is +/- PI, the point is inside. If the point is +/- xPI, you
>have a strange polygon. If ANY angle was = +/-PI, the point is on the
>border.

     I think it's known, but it's neat.

     Can it be extended to 3D?

						John Nagle

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39664
From: hed@cats.ucsc.edu (Magic Fingers)
Subject: Re: PoV Ray Related Group NEEDED


>hed@cats.ucsc.edu (Magic Fingers) writes:
>>In article <1993May13.011926.4728@exucom.com> cyberman@exucom.com (Stephen R. Phillips) writes:
>>If it takes making it an alt group, then why not?  I've been following
>>this thread for, what has it been, two months now?
>The alt.* hierarchie is created for 2 purposes:
>1. For groups which do not fit under the comp.* or other 'official'
>  hierarchies
>2. For the fast creation of hot new newsgroups like alt.gulf.war
>Because there is no voting process or any other control facilities,
>sites are free to decide not to carry (some of) the alt groups.
>Therefore, it is (I think) desirable to try to create comp.graphics.
>{raytrace, rendering or whatever} and not an alt-group
>
>Wouter

Very good point.  Is there someone out there that is working on this?
I'd offer my time to help manage/do it all myself but yaw'll are not
going to hear from me over the summer.  I'm not trying to be pushy,
and there is being progress made (re: pov mailing list).

-hed

-- 
^^^^^^^^^^^^advertisement^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^advertisement^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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	from our usual price of $8000 dollars...
BUY ONE NOW! DON'T WAIT, SALE ENDS SUNDAY!
^^^^^^^^^^^^advertisement^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^adveritisement^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39665
From: shayla@shannon.jpl.nasa.gov (Shayla L. Fahey)
Subject: Raw byte grayscale -> GIF

I currently have some grayscale image files that are not in any
standard format.  They simply contain the 8-bit pixel values.  I would
like to display these images on a PC.  The conversion to a GIF format
would be helpful.  This conversion can take place either on a PC
or on a UNIX system and I could then download it to the PC.
Can anyone suggest where I can find software to do this?  Alternatively, I
may have to write my own conversion program.  In this case, could someone
tell me where I can find the GIF format specification?

Please e-mail me directly at: shayla@shannon.jpl.nasa.gov

Thanks.




Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39666
From: d34863@puff.pnl.gov (Annette Koontz)
Subject: Graphics software needed


Hello,

We are looking for a graphics package (preferably complete
with source code) that will run on our UNIX operating system
(a Sequent running DYNIX 3.2).  This graphics package must 
support a wide variety of character based graphics devices 
(PC's running a terminal emulator, primarily).  
At this point, X11 graphics is not an option.

This graphics program should, if possible, support these
sorts of graphics operations (minimum requirements):

   1) Complicated axes (log, linear, etc.) with fairly
      precise axis labels (multi-line labels, etc.)
      Major and minor tickmarks on axes, etc.	
  
   2) It would be nice if some limited amount of color
      plotting were available, if the output device
      supported it.

We have a copy of gnuplot and are currently using it, but
gnuplot has some limitations.  We are looking for something
more robust than gnuplot.

At this point, I'm looking for information about packages that
might solve our problems.  If you have any information, please
contact me at the above email address.  If the product you know
about is a commercial software package, please send a phone number
or email address so that I can contact them about pricing, etc.

Annette Koontz
Battelle Pacific Northwest
Richland, WA 99352 USA

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39667
From: Kent.Dalton@FtCollinsCO.NCR.COM (Kent.Dalton)
Subject: Re: PoV Ray Related Group NEEDED

>>>>> On 17 May 93 09:42:18 GMT, wlieftin@cs.vu.nl (Liefting W) said:

	Liefting> hed@cats.ucsc.edu (Magic Fingers) writes:


>In article <1993May13.011926.4728@exucom.com> cyberman@exucom.com (Stephen R.
>Phillips) writes:

>If it takes making it an alt group, then why not?  I've been following this
>thread for, what has it been, two months now?

Liefting> The alt.* hierarchie is created for 2 purposes: 1. For
Liefting> groups which do not fit under the comp.* or other 'official'
Liefting> hierarchies 2. For the fast creation of hot new newsgroups
Liefting> like alt.gulf.war

Liefting> Because there is no voting process or any other control
Liefting> facilities, sites are free to decide not to carry (some of)
Liefting> the alt groups.

Liefting> Therefore, it is (I think) desirable to try to create
Liefting> comp.graphics.  {raytrace, rendering or whatever} and not an
Liefting> alt-group

Plus, *many* sites, (especially many .com sites) do not carry any alt
newsgroups. (We don't for example.) A comp.* group will get a much broader
distribution and would be useful to many more people. Plus the topic is
important/popular enough to warrant its own group, IMHO.
--
/**************************************************************************/
/* Kent Dalton                   * EMail: Kent.Dalton@FtCollinsCO.NCR.COM */
/* NCR Microelectronics          * Phone: (303) 223-5100 X-319            */  
/* 2001 Danfield Ct. MS470A      *   FAX: (303) 226-9556                  */
/* Fort Collins, Colorado 80525  *                                        */
/**************************************************************************/
Does someone from PEORIA have a SHORTER ATTENTION span than me?

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39669
From: menchett@dws015.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti)
Subject: Adobe Type Manager - what good is it??

The subject says it all. I bought Adobe Type Manager and find it completely
useless. I ftped some atm fonts and couldn't install them. What's the use?
Are you supposed to be able to convert ATM fonts to Truetype?

If there's anyone out there who has this program and actually finds it 
useful, enlighten me!

Pete


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39670
From: jesup@cbmvax.cbm.commodore.com (Randell Jesup)
Subject: Re: Products to handle HDTV moving pircture (180MB/sec)

kazsato@twics.co.jp writes:
>I'd like to know if there is any system (CPU + HD array + framebuffer)
>which can play and record HDTV quality moving picture in realtime.
>
>HDTV has about 6MB/frame, so recording/playing moving picture will need
>about 180MB/sec bandwidth. I'm thinking to treat the raw data.. not
>compressed. 

	Actually, for digital HDTV systems that's far higher bandwidth than
you need, unless there's some reason you must work in fully-uncompressed
HDTV.  Also, my calculations is that each frame should be well under 6MB,
even using 24 bits/pixel (which is more bits than you actually need - 15 or
18 should be enough for a moving picture).  1600x1100x16bits is 3.5MB (I'm
guessing at HDTV resolution - it may be a bit wider than 1600, I'm fairly
sure of the 1100 number for most of the digital proposals).

	I hope you have a very fast memory system as well - 180MB/s while
displaying will require a heavily interleaved VRAM system.

	Unless you have a _very_ compelling reason, I'd advise trying to use
at least somewhat compressed data.  You don't have to go to full compression
to get to a level where the data IO requirements are much cheaper and easier
to deal with.

-- 
GNU Emacs is a LISP operating system disguised as a word processor.
 - Doug Mohney, in comp.arch

Randell Jesup, Jack-of-quite-a-few-trades, Commodore Engineering.
jesup@cbmvax.commodore.com or rutgers!cbmvax!jesup	BIX: rjesup  
Disclaimer: Nothing I say is anything other than my personal opinion.

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39671
From: ae604@Freenet.carleton.ca (Michael Clark)
Subject: video memory


Hello
	I have posted to this newsgroup once before and recieved a
moderately helpful response on a couple of issues. This I appreciated very
much . I would however like to know why it is that ther is simply NO 
information out there on some subjects for the relativly novice graphics
programmer. The subjects are

	1) How do you access the extra video memory on a video board. I
know somwhere there aresome standard video bios calls that allow you to
dothis. I have 1meg of memory on my board and according to all the books
and info I have read I am only (at maximum) using 256k of it. There is a
way to do this in standard VGA cause I have seen vidoe paging (written in
assembly, which I don't know) written into apps hat use mode 13h. To get
any speed at all you have to do this. How do I do it?

	2) The vesa standard. What gives here. I have read most of what
the net has to offer on VESA and as far as coding for VESA goes most of
the advice is cryptic at best. Where do I get public domain info that will
tell me in "mostly plain" english how the vesa calls work.

	My biggest gripe is about number 1. I have bought graphics books,
I have asked graphics professors, I have hunted the net through both
gopher, and archie, I ahave asked apps programmers and it is like there is
some lock on this information. Graphics programming books tell alot of
programmiing algorithm information, but they always fall short of telling
you how to really control the video bios. What are all the calls folks, I
know there are people out there that know how to doall tis stuff. Where
are you, and why haven't you written a book yet? 

Please help

Thanks in advance

Stephen palm
palm@snycanva.bitnet
(please send all personal replies to the above address, thanks)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39672
From: povlphp@uts.uni-c.dk (Povl H. Pedersen)
Subject: Re: Products to handle HDTV moving pircture (180MB/sec)

How does the 16 bit color of HDTV work ? It can not be 5 bit Red Green and
Blue like on the Macintosh. This gives only 64 gray levels.

Apple also has developed a point-point network that is around 200MB (not
sure if it is bits or bytes) per sec.
-- 
Povl H. Pedersen   -   Macintosh specialist. Knows some DOS and UNIX too.
pope@imv.aau.dk    -   povlphp@uts.uni-c.dk
--- Finger me at pope@imv.aau.dk for PGP Public Key ---

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39673
From: val@fcom.cc.utah.edu (Val Kartchner)
Subject: Re: Where did the hacker ethic go?

VINCI (filipe@vxcrna.cern.ch) wrote:
: In article <1993May12.193454.29823@hal.com>, bobp@hal.com (Bob Pendleton) writes...
: >From article <1993May7.235404.22590@pony.Ingres.COM>, by mwmeyer@Ingres.COM (Mike (wading through the muck and) Meyer):
: >> In article <1993May7.165432.16935@hal.com> bobp@hal.com (Bob Pendleton) writes:
: >>    This is getting pretty silly. First off, "Hacker" is an obsolete term.
: >>    Doesn't matter what it used to mean, today it means "thief."
: >> 
: >> It only means "thief" if you want it to mean that.  To me, it means

:   [Lots of context wickedly omitted by myself :-) ]
: > 
: >Anyway, if I say "Joe is a hacker" to most english speaking people who
: >know the word they'll probably think he is either a poor golfer or a
: >bad carpenter. But there are very very few people who will think he is
: >a good and clever programmer. :-)
: > 
: >If you chose to call yourself by a term that means "thief" don't be
: >surprised when people think you are a thief. Even if you don't agree
: >with that definition of the word.
:       ^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^ 
:  [....] The narrower view that a hacker, when
:  associated with the computing environment, is a dishonest
:  expert is not so widespread, I'm my opinion, at least with the
:  people involved with the field. IMHO the wider meaning is not
:  obsolete at all, no matter how much the lay press would like it to
:  be!  [....]

:  Therefore I conclude that if you call yourself a hacker, and somebody
:  perceives you as a thief, then this person belongs to a very very
:  small group that has some computer knowledge, but not enough to know
:  the wider (and original) meaning of the word.  [....]

Unfortunately, the general public has a very narrow view of the deep, dark
recesses of the art of computing.  What little they do see is from the view
given to them by the media.  From what I have seen from the media, 'hacker'
is not a proper way by which to refer to a respected person.

I, on the other hand, know what 'hacker' means from those who consider
themselves such.  Following is the definition from "Jargon File 2.9.10".
(This is also known as the "Hackers Dictionary".)  The definitions are
arranged in order of decreasing frequency of usage:

   :hacker: [originally, someone who makes furniture with an axe] n.
     1. A person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable
     systems and how to stretch their capabilities, as opposed to most
     users, who prefer to learn only the minimum necessary.  2. One who
     programs enthusiastically (even obsessively) or who enjoys
     programming rather than just theorizing about programming.  3. A
     person capable of appreciating {hack value}.  4. A person who is
     good at programming quickly.  5. An expert at a particular program,
     or one who frequently does work using it or on it; as in 'a UNIX
     hacker'.  (Definitions 1 through 5 are correlated, and people who
     fit them congregate.)  6. An expert or enthusiast of any kind.  One
     might be an astronomy hacker, for example.  7. One who enjoys the
     intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming or circumventing
     limitations.  8. [deprecated] A malicious meddler who tries to
     discover sensitive information by poking around.  Hence 'password
     hacker', 'network hacker'.  See {cracker}.

     The term 'hacker' also tends to connote membership in the global
     community defined by the net (see {network, the} and
     {Internet address}).  It also implies that the person described
     is seen to subscribe to some version of the hacker ehic (see
     {hacker ethic, the}).

     It is better to be described as a hacker by others than to describe
     oneself that way.  Hackers consider themselves something of an
     elite (a meritocracy based on ability), though one to which new
     members are gladly welcome.  There is thus a certain ego
     satisfaction to be had in identifying yourself as a hacker (but if
     you claim to be one and are not, you'll quickly be labeled
     {bogus}).  See also {wannabee}.

   :hacker ethic, the: n.  1. The belief that information-sharing
     is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of
     hackers to share their expertise by writing free software and
     facilitating access to information and to computing resources
     wherever possible.  2. The belief that system-cracking for fun
     and exploration is ethically OK as long as the cracker commits
     no theft, vandalism, or breach of confidentiality.

     Both of these normative ethical principles are widely, but by no
     means universally) accepted among hackers. Most hackers subscribe
     to the hacker ethic in sense 1, and many act on it by writing and
     giving away free software.  A few go further and assert that
     *all* information should be free and *any* proprietary
     control of it is bad; this is the philosophy behind the {GNU}
     project.

     Sense 2 is more controversial: some people consider the act of
     cracking itself to be unethical, like breaking and entering.
     But this principle at least moderates the behavior of people who
     see themselves as `benign' crackers (see also {samurai}).  On
     this view, it is one of the highest forms of hackerly courtesy
     to (a) break into a system, and then (b) explain to the sysop,
     preferably by email from a {superuser} account, exactly how it
     was done and how the hole can be plugged --- acting as an
     unpaid (an unsolicited) {tiger team}.

     The most reliable manifestation of either version of the hacker
     ethic is that almost all hackers are actively willing to share
     technical tricks, software, and (where possible) computing
     resources with other hackers.  Huge cooperative networks such as
     {USENET}, {Fidonet} and Internet (see {Internet address})
     can function without central control because of this trait; they
     both rely on and reinforce a sense of community that may be
     hackerdom's most valuable intangible asset.

:  Finally, a true hacker does not name himself/herself one, for this is
:  a title that is bestowed by the befuddled sysadmins and users at large.
: To me, a sign of a truly great hacker is to be introduced to someone who
: says "Nahh, I just know a thing or two, people always exagerate..." :-)

Note that the above definition does not preclude a hacker from describing
limself (meaning: himself/herself) one, but simply says that it is better
not to do so.  There are many who do not know the meaning of 'hacker'.  So,
in order to defend the true meaning of the word, it is sometimes necessary
to borrow on the reputation of a known (respected) hacker around the
workplace.  (This means that 'hacker' is defined in terms of some well-known
and respected person.)  Sometimes, there may only be one such person.

: >No matter what Mr. Dumpty says, language doesn't work that way.
:  Actually it does, you just have to get adequate press coverage... :-)

Language works anyway that we want it to work.  The purpose of language is
to communicate.  To oversimplify: As long as communication is taking place,
then language is working.

--
|================= #include <stddisclaimer.h> ================///=============|
| "AMIGA: The computer for the creative mind" (tm) Commodore /// Weber State  |
| "Macintosh: The computer for the rest of us"(tm) Apple \\\///   University  |
|== "I think, therefore I AMiga" -- val@csulx.weber.edu ==\///= Ogden UT USA =|

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39674
From: mike@leah.prc.utexas.edu (Michael Kline)
Subject: IGES and e00 formats

I am trying to find out anything I can about available documentation
for IGES and e00(Arc/Info) formats.  If you know anything about these
formats (or just one) PLEASE send me a note.  I don't read this group,
so please send responses to:

mike@prc.utexas.edu

Thank You

Mike Kline

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39675
From: ddennis@nyx.cs.du.edu (Dave Dennis)
Subject: Re: Adobe Type Manager - what good is it??

menchett@dws015.unr.edu (Peter J Menchetti) writes:

>The subject says it all. I bought Adobe Type Manager and find it completely
>useless. I ftped some atm fonts and couldn't install them. What's the use?
>Are you supposed to be able to convert ATM fonts to Truetype?

>If there's anyone out there who has this program and actually finds it 
>useful, enlighten me!

>Pete

There are some tricks to installing ATM to windows... install them first
to dos, then run the ATM control panel to get them into windows.

The best reason for ATM is that Adobe IS the standard.  Truetype is a
failed MS venture to undercut Adobe when Adobe was being nasty about
keeping their formats proprietary.  Just about any service bureau or print
shop will smirk and send you on your way if you bring a TrueType document
to them for high resolution printing or ripping.

Although there are lots of pretty TT fonts floating around, they are really
for dot matrix or your own lazer printer.
However, you can convert your TT fonts with Fontmonger or some similar program
to ATM fonts for high end stuff.

If you are using dot matrix for all your printing, you may have wasted
your money!

Dave

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39676
From: ball@stdank.as.ntu.edu.tw (Chin Hsu)
Subject: How to print out NCAR3.0's cgm file



I have a lots of .cgm files produced by NCAR Graph Utility V3.00.

They are all color graphs, and I want to print them out. 

The printers I own are Postscript, and HP 7475a. Anyone who have 

experiences in this please tell me, e-mail me will be very nice.

Or if someone knows how to convert those .cgm  files into .gif

pcx, .bmp .... , it will helps a lot. 

--



Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39677
From: max@slinky.NYU.EDU (David Max)
Subject: NEEDED: non-interactive GIF cropper for PC


   I have a group of GIF images that each contain 6 small images in 
the same place on all the images. I need a program to crop out the
small images to a new GIF file. All the programs I can find make me
use the mouse or keyboard to define the cropping coordinates. Is there
a program out there for a PC that can take the crop coordinates on
the command line?

reply to: max@slinky.cs.nyu.edu (David Max)


Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39736
From: simonson@bert.eecs.uic.edu (Shai Simonson)
Subject: DEC or PC Graphics Tools

I am applying for an NSF grant to buy equipment for a laboratory...

The lab will need to support C (or Pascal) with graphics tools...


We can run the lab either on PC's or  DEC equipment --- 



If you are familiar with appropriate products (software/hardware) and precise
prices. Please contact


shai@lcc.stonehill.edu


We are interested in any available acadmic discounts....


Also, if anyone runs a lab using similar software/hardware, I would be very
interested in hearing your opinions of its success

Thanks

Shai SImonson
Stonehill College
N easton Ma 02357
e

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39737
From: eric@ithaca.com (Eric Wagner)
Subject: Re: Email address of ITHACA(HOOPS) ?

Ithaca technical support can be reached at:

     tech_support@ithaca.com

or by phone at:
 
     510-523-5900

-- 
Eric Wagner               PP-ASEL-IA
Ithaca Software           Skylane N613WD
eric@ithaca.com           Oakland Flyers

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 39738
From: adaptive@cs.nps.navy.mil (zyda res acct)
Subject: Re: 3d Head model ... (not again, groan)

>O.K., sorry to post a question which seems to crop up
>quite regularly in this group however I have yet
>to get a specific and usefull (in my context) answer   
>to where I can get hold of 3d data for a head.
>
>WHAT I AM LOOKING FOR :
>
>Simple polyon description of head / face which can be EASILY
>converted for, or used with, POV (raytracer). 
>(i.e. <1500 polygons)

Well, I am placing a file at my ftp today that contains several
polygonal descriptions of a head, face, skull, vase, etc. The format
of the files is a list of vertices, normals, and triangles. There are
various resolutions and the name of the data file includes the number
of polygons, eg. phred.1.3k.vbl contains 1300 polygons.


In order to get the data via ftp do the following:

	1) ftp taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil
	2) login as anonymous, guest as the password
	3) cd pub/dabro
	4) binary
	5) get cyber.tar.Z

Once you get the data onto your workstation:

	1) uncompress data.tar.Z
	2) tar xvof data.tar

If you have any questions, please let me know.

george dabro
dabro@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil
-- 
george dabrowski
Cyberware Labs

dabro@taurus.cs.nps.navy.mil

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 40008
From: gcdcrgm@state.systems.sa.gov.au
Subject: PICLAB processing half a GIF

I've been playing with a program called PICLAB to modify some .gif files. The
problem is it keeps displaying only 50% of the image. Starting from the top, it
displays20%, leaves 20% blank, then down another 20% etc. ANyone know what I'm
doing wrong, or is there another piece of software I should use instead?

Thanks for your tolerance!

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 40027
From: spl@pitstop.ucsd.edu (Steve Lamont)
Subject: Re: CGM Files

In article <MEYER.93May28133222@ibsen.geomatic.no> meyer@geomatic.no (Harald Martens Meyer) writes:
>The only book I've found on the CGM format, is "CGM and CGI" by D.B.Arnold
>& P.R.Bono from Springer-Verlag, ISBN 3-540-18950-5. It's not the best
>book I've read though....

Well, there *is* the standards document.  From the FAQ:

12) How to order standards documents.

The American National Standards Institute sells ANSI standards, and also
ISO (international) standards.  Their sales office is at 1-212-642-4900,
mailing address is 1430 Broadway, NY NY 10018.  It helps if you have the
complete name and number.

Some useful numbers to know:

CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile) is ISO 8632-4 (1987).  GKS (Graphical
Kernel System) is ANSI X3.124-1985. ...

>If you want a viewer, try downloading ralcgm from unix.hensa.ac.uk,
>/misc/unix/ralcgm/ralcgm.tar.Z

You might also want to look at gplot from the folks at the Pittsburgh
Supercomputer Center.  Fish around at calpe.psc.edu.  It is pretty
nifty.

							spl
-- 
Steve Lamont, SciViGuy -- (619) 534-7968 -- spl@szechuan.ucsd.edu
San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource/UC San Diego/La Jolla, CA 92093-0608
"A naked lunch is natural to us,/we eat reality sandwiches.
But allegories are so much lettuce./Don't hide the madness." -Allen Ginsberg

Newsgroup: comp.graphics
Document_id: 40062
From: Zheng Wang <zw10+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Subject: help

Hi there,

I am here looking for some help.

My friend is a interior decor designer. He is from Thailand. He is
trying to find some graphics software on PC. Any suggestion on which
software to buy,where to buy and how much it costs ? He likes the most
sophisticated 
software(the more features it has,the better)

Thanks in advance


